id sid tid token lemma pos www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 1 1 Open open VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 1 2 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 1 3 What what WP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 1 4 ? ? . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 1 A a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 2 Critical Critical NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 3 Evaluation Evaluation NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 4 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 5 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 6 Efficacy Efficacy NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 7 Studies Studies NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 8 – – : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 9 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 10 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 11 Library Library NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 12 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 13 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 14 Lead Lead NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 15 Pipe Pipe NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 16 Skip Skip NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 17 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 18 Main Main NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 19 Content Content NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 20 chat18.webcam chat18.webcam NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 21 Open Open NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 22 Menu Menu NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 23 Home Home NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 24 About about IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 25 Awards Awards NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 26 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 27 Good Good NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 28 Words Words NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 29 Contact Contact NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 30 Editorial Editorial NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 31 Board Board NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 32 Denisse Denisse NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 33 Solis Solis NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 34 Ian Ian NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 35 Beilin Beilin NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 36 Jaena Jaena NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 37 Rae Rae NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 38 Cabrera Cabrera NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 39 Kellee Kellee NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 40 Warren Warren NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 41 Nicole Nicole NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 42 Cooke Cooke NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 43 Ryan Ryan NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 44 Randall Randall NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 45 Emeritus Emeritus NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 46 Announcements Announcements NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 47 Authors Authors NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 48 Archives Archives NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 49 Conduct Conduct NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 50 Submission submission NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 51 Guidelines guideline NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 52 Lead lead VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 53 Pipe pipe NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 54 Publication publication NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 55 Process Process NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 56 Style Style NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 57 Guide Guide NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 58 Search Search NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 59 Home Home NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 60 About about IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 61 Awards Awards NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 62 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 63 Good Good NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 64 Words Words NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 65 Contact Contact NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 66 Editorial Editorial NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 67 Board Board NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 68 Denisse Denisse NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 69 Solis Solis NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 70 Ian Ian NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 71 Beilin Beilin NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 72 Jaena Jaena NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 73 Rae Rae NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 74 Cabrera Cabrera NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 75 Kellee Kellee NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 76 Warren Warren NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 77 Nicole Nicole NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 78 Cooke Cooke NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 79 Ryan Ryan NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 80 Randall Randall NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 81 Emeritus Emeritus NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 82 Announcements Announcements NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 83 Authors Authors NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 84 Archives Archives NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 85 Conduct Conduct NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 86 Submission submission NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 87 Guidelines guideline NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 88 Lead lead VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 89 Pipe pipe NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 90 Publication publication NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 91 Process Process NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 92 Style Style NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 93 Guide Guide NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 94 Search Search NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 95 2020 2020 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 96 Feb Feb NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 97 19 19 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 98 Ian Ian NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 99 McDermott McDermott NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 100 /0 /0 . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 101 Comments comment NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 102 Open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 103 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 104 What what WP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 2 105 ? ? . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 1 A a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 2 Critical Critical NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 3 Evaluation Evaluation NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 4 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 5 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 6 Efficacy Efficacy NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 7 Studies Studies NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 8 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 9 Brief Brief NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 10 This this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 11 selective selective JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 12 literature literature NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 13 review review NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 14 evaluates evaluate VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 15 open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 16 educational educational JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 17 resources resource NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 18 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 19 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 20 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 21 efficacy efficacy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 22 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 23 through through IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 24 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 25 lens lens NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 26 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 27 critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 28 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 3 29 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 1 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 2 have have VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 3 radical radical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 4 potential potential NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 5 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 6 transformative transformative JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 7 tools tool NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 8 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 9 critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 10 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 11 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 12 they -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 13 can can MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 14 serve serve VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 15 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 16 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 17 cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 18 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 19 free free JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 20 version version NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 21 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 22 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 23 status status NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 24 quo quo NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 25 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 26 inclined incline VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 27 toward toward IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 28 propagating propagate VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 29 austerity austerity NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 4 30 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 1 This this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 2 review review NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 3 analyzes analyze VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 4 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 5 published publish VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 6 since since IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 7 2008 2008 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 8 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 9 regard regard NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 10 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 11 cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 12 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 13 access access NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 14 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 15 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 16 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 17 commercialization commercialization NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 18 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 19 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 20 labor labor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 5 21 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 1 These these DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 2 criteria criterion NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 3 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 4 used use VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 5 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 6 make make VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 7 explicit explicit JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 8 subjects subject NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 9 indirectly indirectly RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 10 addressed address VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 11 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 12 if if IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 13 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 14 ignored ignore VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 15 completely completely RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 16 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 17 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 18 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 19 existing exist VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 20 literature literature NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 6 21 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 1 Typically typically RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 3 ample ample JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 4 attention attention NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 5 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 6 paid pay VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 7 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 8 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 9 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 10 ’s ’s POS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 11 design design NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 12 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 13 methodology methodology NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 14 but but CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 15 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 16 underlying underlying JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 17 institutional institutional JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 18 infrastructure infrastructure NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 19 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 20 decision decision NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 21 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 22 making make VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 23 process process NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 24 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 25 unexamined unexamined JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 7 26 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 1 What what WP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 2 emerges emerge VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 3 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 4 an an DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 5 incomplete incomplete JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 6 picture picture NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 7 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 8 how how WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 9 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 10 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 11 adopted adopt VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 12 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 13 developed develop VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 14 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 15 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 16 sustained sustain VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 17 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 18 higher high JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 19 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 8 20 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 1 Measurables measurable NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 2 like like IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 3 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 4 outcomes outcome NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 5 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 6 while while IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 7 important important JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 9 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 10 too too RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 11 often often RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 12 foregrounded foreground VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 13 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 14 appeal appeal VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 15 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 16 administrators administrator NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 17 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 18 funding funding NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 19 organizations organization NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 9 20 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 10 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 10 2 review review NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 10 3 concludes conclude VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 10 4 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 10 5 suggestions suggestion NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 10 6 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 10 7 how how WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 10 8 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 10 9 utilize utilize VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 10 10 critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 10 11 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NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 36 24 16 16 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 36 25 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 36 26 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 37 1 Current current JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 37 2 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 37 3 practice practice NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 37 4 varies vary VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 37 5 depending depend VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 37 6 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 37 7 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 37 8 practitioner practitioner NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 37 9 ’s ’s POS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 37 10 affiliation affiliation NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 37 11 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 37 12 e.g. e.g. RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 38 1 professor professor NNP 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study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 45 9 based base VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 45 10 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 45 11 how how WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 45 12 they -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 45 13 address address VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 45 14 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 45 15 below below IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 45 16 criteria criterion NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 45 17 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 46 1 Subsequent subsequent JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 46 2 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 46 3 should should MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 46 4 be be VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 46 5 judged judge VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 46 6 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 46 7 how how WRB 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www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 2 download download NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 3 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 4 ; ; : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 5 acknowledges acknowledge VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 6 that that IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 7 high high JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 8 priced price VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 9 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 10 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 11 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 12 barrier barrier NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 13 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 14 learning learn VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 15 because because IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 16 many many JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 17 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 18 do do VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 19 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 20 purchase purchase VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 21 expensive expensive JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 22 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 23 ; ; : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 24 cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 25 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 26 access access NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 27 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 28 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 29 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 30 learning learning NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 31 materials material NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 32 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 33 connected connect VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 34 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 35 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 36 outcomes outcome NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 37 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 38 course course NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 39 grade grade NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 40 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 41 enrollment enrollment NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 42 intensity intensity NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 43 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 44 withdrawal withdrawal NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 45 rates rate NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 46 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 47 etc etc FW www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 48 48 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 1 Critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 2 Pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 3 Criteria criterion NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 4 2 2 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 5 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 6 Pedagogical Pedagogical NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 7 Practice Practice NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 8 Replacing replace VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 9 commercial commercial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 10 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 11 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 12 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 13 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 14 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 15 pedagogical pedagogical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 16 decision decision NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 17 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 18 beyond beyond IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 19 cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 20 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 21 access access NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 22 ; ; : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 23 details detail NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 24 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 25 provided provide VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 26 about about IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 27 commercial commercial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 28 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 29 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 30 OER oer NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 31 ; ; : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 32 faculty faculty NN 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www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 49 48 e.g. e.g. RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 1 learning learn VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 2 management management NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 3 software software NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 4 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 5 ; ; : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 6 open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 7 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 8 critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 9 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 10 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 11 used use VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 12 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 13 involve involve VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 14 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 15 reflect reflect VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 16 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 17 ’ ’ POS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 18 voices voice NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 50 19 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 1 Critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 2 Pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 3 Criteria Criteria VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 4 3 3 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 5 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 6 Academic Academic NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 7 Labor Labor NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 8 Labor Labor NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 9 required require VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 10 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 11 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 12 initiative initiative NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 13 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 14 described describe VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 15 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 16 including include VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 17 work work NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 18 done do VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 19 by by IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 20 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 21 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 22 educational educational JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 23 technologists technologist NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 24 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 25 graduate graduate NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 26 assistants assistant NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 27 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 28 librarians librarian NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 29 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 30 undergraduate undergraduate VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 31 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 32 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 33 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 34 others other NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 35 ; ; : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 36 price price NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 37 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 38 academic academic JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 39 labor labor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 40 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 41 funding funding NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 42 sources source NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 43 included include VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 51 44 . . . 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www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 52 17 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 53 1 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 53 2 have have VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 53 3 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 53 4 potential potential NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 53 5 when when WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 53 6 put put VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 53 7 into into IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 53 8 critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 53 9 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 53 10 practice practice NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 53 11 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 1 For for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 2 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 3 review review NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 5 I -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 6 define define VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 7 critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 8 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 9 via via IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 10 two two CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 11 foundational foundational JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 12 texts text NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 13 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 14 Paulo Paulo NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 15 Freire Freire NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 16 ’s ’s POS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 17 Pedagogy Pedagogy NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 18 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 19 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 20 Oppressed oppress VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 21 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 22 1968 1968 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 23 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 24 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 25 bell bell NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 26 hooks hooks NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 27 ’s ’s NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 28 Teaching teach VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 29 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 30 Transgress Transgress NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 31 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 32 Education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 33 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 34 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 35 Practice Practice NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 54 36 of of IN 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www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 12 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 13 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 14 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 15 [ [ -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 16 w]here w]here DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 17 knowledge knowledge NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 18 emerges emerge VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 19 only only RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 20 through through IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 21 invention invention NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 22 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 23 re re NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 24 - - NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 25 invention invention NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 26 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 27 through through IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 28 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 29 restless restless NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 30 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 31 impatient impatient JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 32 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 33 continuing continue VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 34 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 35 hopeful hopeful JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 36 human human JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 37 inquiry inquiry NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 38 human human JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 39 beings being NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 40 pursue pursue VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 41 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 42 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 43 world world NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 44 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 45 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 46 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 47 world world NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 48 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 49 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 50 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 51 each each DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 52 other other JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 53 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 54 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 55 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 56 72 72 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 57 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 55 58 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 1 Teachers teacher NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 2 minimize minimize VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 3 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 4 authoritative authoritative JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 5 role role NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 6 through through IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 7 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 8 reconciliation reconciliation NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 9 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 10 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 11 teacher teacher NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 12 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 13 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 14 contradiction contradiction NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 15 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 16 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 17 so so IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 18 that that IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 19 both both DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 20 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 21 simultaneously simultaneously RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 22 teachers teacher NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 23 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 24 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 25 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 26 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 27 Freire Freire NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 28 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 29 1968 1968 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 30 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 31 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 32 72 72 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 33 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 56 34 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 1 This this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 2 model model NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 3 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 4 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 5 combats combat VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 6 what what WP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 7 Freire Freire NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 8 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 9 1968 1968 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 10 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 11 termed term VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 12 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 13 banking banking NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 14 concept concept NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 15 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 16 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 17 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 18 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 19 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 20 which which WDT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 21 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 22 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 23 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 24 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 25 depositories depository NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 26 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 27 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 28 teacher teacher NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 29 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 30 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 31 depositor depositor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 32 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 33 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 34 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 35 72 72 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 36 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 57 37 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 58 1 For for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 58 2 Freire Freire NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 58 3 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 58 4 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 58 5 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 58 6 one one CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 58 7 site site NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 58 8 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 58 9 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 58 10 struggle struggle NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 58 11 against against IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 58 12 larger large JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 58 13 forces force NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 58 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www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 1 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 2 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 3 United United NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 4 States States NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 5 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 6 feminist feminist JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 7 educator educator NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 8 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 9 author author NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 10 bell bell NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 11 hooks hooks NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 12 has have VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 13 explored explore VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 14 critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 15 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 16 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 17 decades decade NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 18 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 19 higher high JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 20 ed ed NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 21 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 22 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 23 it -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 24 intersects intersect VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 25 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 26 race race NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 27 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 28 gender gender NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 29 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 30 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 31 class class NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 61 32 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 1 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 2 Teaching teaching NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 3 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 4 Transgress Transgress NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 5 hooks hook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 6 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 7 1994 1994 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 8 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 9 contrasts contrast VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 10 her -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 11 ecstatic ecstatic JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 12 experience experience NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 13 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 14 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 15 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 16 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 17 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 18 practice practice NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 19 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 20 freedom freedom NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 21 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 22 when when WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 23 she -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 24 was be VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 25 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 26 child child NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 27 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 28 all all DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 29 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 30 black black JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 31 schools school NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 32 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 33 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 62 34 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NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 63 26 39 39 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 63 27 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 63 28 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 64 1 This this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 64 2 practice practice NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 64 3 requires require VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 64 4 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 64 5 desire desire NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 64 6 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 64 7 transgress transgress VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 64 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 64 9 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 64 10 empower empower VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 64 11 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 64 12 oppressed oppress VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 64 13 through through IN 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www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 4 classroom classroom NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 5 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 7 librarians librarian NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 9 instructional instructional JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 10 designers designer NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 11 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 12 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 13 others other NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 14 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 15 higher high JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 16 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 17 have have VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 18 examined examine VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 65 19 OER 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www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 66 10 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 66 11 Drabinski Drabinski NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 66 12 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 66 13 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 66 14 Kumbier Kumbier NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 66 15 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 66 16 2010 2010 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 66 17 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 66 18 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 67 1 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 67 2 her -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 67 3 analysis analysis NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 67 4 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 67 5 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 67 6 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 67 7 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 67 8 open open JJ 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NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 83 36 15 15 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 83 37 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 83 38 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 1 65 65 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 2 % % NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 3 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 4 surveyed survey VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 5 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 6 admitted admit VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 7 high high JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 8 cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 9 prevented prevent VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 10 them -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 11 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 12 buying buy VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 13 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 14 textbook textbook NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 15 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 16 Senack Senack NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 17 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 18 2014 2014 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 19 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 20 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 21 11 11 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 22 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 84 23 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 1 Students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 2 specifically specifically RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 3 cite cite VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 4 textbook textbook NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 5 prices price NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 6 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 7 an an DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 8 impediment impediment NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 9 preventing prevent VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 10 them -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 11 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 12 passing pass VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 13 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 14 completing complete VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 15 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 16 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 17 even even RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 18 enrolling enrol VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 19 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 20 classes class NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 21 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 22 Florida Florida NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 23 Virtual Virtual NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 24 Campus Campus NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 25 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 26 2019 2019 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 27 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 28 pp pp NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 85 29 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 86 1 31 31 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 86 2 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 86 3 32 32 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 86 4 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 86 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 87 1 Therefore therefore RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 87 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 87 3 reducing reduce VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 87 4 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 87 5 eliminating eliminate VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 87 6 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 87 7 cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 87 8 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 87 9 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 87 10 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 87 11 one one CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 87 12 step step NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 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www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 17 Dabbagh Dabbagh NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 18 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 19 2018 2018 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 20 ; ; : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 21 Hilton Hilton NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 22 III III NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 23 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 24 2019 2019 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 25 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 26 emphasize emphasize VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 27 quantitative quantitative JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 28 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 29 qualitative qualitative JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 30 data datum NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 31 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 32 survey survey NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 33 design design NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 96 34 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 1 Following follow VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 2 Crissinger Crissinger NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 3 ’s ’s , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 4 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 5 2015 2015 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 6 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 7 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 8 Lambert Lambert NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 9 ’s ’s , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 10 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 11 2018 2018 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 12 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 13 analyses analysis NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 14 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 15 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 16 objective objective NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 17 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 18 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 19 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 20 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 21 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 22 search search VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 23 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 24 evidence evidence NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 25 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 26 critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 27 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 28 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 29 social social JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 30 justice justice NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 31 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 32 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 33 efficacy efficacy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 34 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 97 35 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 98 1 Analysis Analysis NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 98 2 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 98 3 Commentary Commentary NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 98 4 This this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 98 5 section section NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 98 6 organizes organize VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 98 7 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 98 8 efficacy efficacy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 98 9 case case NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 98 10 studies study VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 98 11 into into IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 98 12 three three CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 98 13 subsections subsection NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 98 14 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 1 These these DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 2 subsections subsection NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 3 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 4 organized organize VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 5 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 6 descending descend VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 7 order order NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 8 by by IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 9 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 10 frequency frequency NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 11 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 12 which which WDT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 13 they -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 14 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 15 addressed address VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 16 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 17 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 18 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 19 under under IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 20 review review NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 99 21 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 100 1 1 1 LS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 100 2 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 1 Cost Cost NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 2 Reduction Reduction NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 3 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 4 Increased Increased NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 5 Access Access NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 7 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 8 Student Student NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 9 Outcomes Outcomes NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 10 Every every DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 11 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 12 addresses address VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 13 how how WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 14 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 15 help help VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 16 reduce reduce VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 17 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 18 cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 19 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 20 higher high JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 21 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 22 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 23 increases increase VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 24 access access NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 25 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 26 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 27 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 28 learning learn VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 29 materials material NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 101 30 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 2 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 3 measure measure VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 4 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 5 outcomes outcome NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 6 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 7 classes class NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 8 using use VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 9 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 10 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 11 test test NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 12 group group NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 13 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 14 compared compare VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 15 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 16 classes class NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 17 using use VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 18 commercial commercial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 19 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 20 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 21 control control NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 22 group group NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 23 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 24 ; ; : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 25 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 26 outcomes outcome NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 27 include include VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 28 A a NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 29 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 30 B b NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 31 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 32 C C NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 33 grades grade NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 34 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 35 D d NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 36 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 37 F F NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 38 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 39 Withdrawal Withdrawal NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 40 rates rate NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 41 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 42 enrollment enrollment NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 43 intensity intensity NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 44 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 45 final final JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 46 exam exam NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 47 grades grade NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 48 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 49 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 50 others other NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 102 51 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 103 1 Often often RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 103 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 103 3 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 103 4 outcomes outcome NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 103 5 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 103 6 similar similar JJ 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IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 103 23 cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 103 24 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 103 25 access access NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 103 26 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 103 27 improved improve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 103 28 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 103 29 outcomes outcome NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 103 30 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 104 1 2 2 LS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 104 2 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 1 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 2 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 3 Pedagogy Pedagogy NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 4 Some some DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 5 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 6 provide provide VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 7 details detail NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 8 about about IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 9 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 10 pedagogical pedagogical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 11 decisions decision NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 12 made make VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 13 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 14 regard regard NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 15 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 16 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 17 adoption adoption NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 105 18 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 106 1 For for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 106 2 example example NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 106 3 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 106 4 which which WDT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 106 5 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 106 6 textbook textbook NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 106 7 replaced replace VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 106 8 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 106 9 commercial commercial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 106 10 option option NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 106 11 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 107 1 But but CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 107 2 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 107 3 rarely rarely RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 107 4 name name VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 107 5 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 107 6 commercial commercial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 107 7 textbook textbook NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 107 8 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 1 Even even RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 2 fewer few JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 3 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 4 discuss discuss VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 5 how how WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 6 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 7 intersect intersect VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 8 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 9 pedagogical pedagogical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 10 theories theory NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 11 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 12 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 13 / / SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 14 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 15 / / SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 16 staff staff NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 17 collaborations collaboration NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 108 18 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 109 1 3 3 LS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 109 2 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 1 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 2 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 3 Academic Academic NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 4 Labor Labor NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 5 Rarest Rarest NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 6 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 7 all all DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 8 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 9 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 10 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 11 that that WDT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 12 provides provide VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 13 details detail NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 14 about about IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 15 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 16 academic academic JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 17 labor labor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 18 required require VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 19 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 20 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 21 initiatives initiative NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 110 22 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 111 1 Adopting adopt VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 111 2 an an DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 111 3 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 111 4 textbook textbook NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 111 5 may may MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 111 6 require require VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 111 7 a a DT 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www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 4 people people NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 5 only only RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 6 increases increase VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 7 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 8 large large JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 9 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 10 multi multi JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 11 - - JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 12 section section JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 13 courses course NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 14 reliant reliant JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 15 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 16 course course NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 17 management management NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 18 software software NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 112 19 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 113 1 Very very RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 113 2 few few JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 113 3 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 113 4 detail detail VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 113 5 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 113 6 personnel personnel NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 113 7 involved involve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 113 8 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 113 9 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 113 10 costs cost NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 113 11 required require VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 113 12 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 1 Some some DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 2 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 3 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 4 discussed discuss VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 5 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 6 more more JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 7 than than IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 8 one one CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 9 subsection subsection NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 10 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 11 though though IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 12 each each DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 13 subsection subsection NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 14 foregrounds foreground VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 15 one one CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 16 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 17 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 18 above above JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 19 topics topic NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 114 20 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 1 While while IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 2 I -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 3 use use VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 4 critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 5 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 6 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 7 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 8 lens lens NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 9 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 10 analyze analyze VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 11 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 12 efficacy efficacy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 13 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 14 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 15 I -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 16 am be VBP 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115 32 materials material NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 115 33 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 116 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 116 2 below below IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 116 3 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 116 4 do do VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 116 5 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 116 6 provide provide VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 116 7 such such JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 116 8 granular granular JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 116 9 detail detail NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 116 10 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 1 Instead instead RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 3 I -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 4 am be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 5 analyzing analyze VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 6 these these DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 7 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 8 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 9 evidence evidence NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 10 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 11 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 12 lack lack NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 13 thereof thereof RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 14 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 15 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 16 critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 17 approaches approach NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 18 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 19 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 20 adoption adoption NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 21 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 22 survey survey NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 23 design design NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 24 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 25 it -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 26 relates relate VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 27 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 28 cost cost VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 29 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 30 access access NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 31 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 32 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 33 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 34 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 35 academic academic JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 36 labor labor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 117 37 . . . 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www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 3 all all DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 4 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 5 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 6 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 7 outcomes outcome NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 8 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 9 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 10 same same JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 11 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 12 better well JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 13 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 14 classes class NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 15 taught teach VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 16 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 17 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 120 18 . . . 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outcomes outcome NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 130 23 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 1 Prior prior RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 2 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 3 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 4 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 5 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 6 only only RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 7 47 47 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 8 % % NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 9 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 10 VSU VSU NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 11 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 12 purchased purchase VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 13 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 14 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 15 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 16 courses course NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 131 17 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 1 Students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 2 cited cite VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 3 affordability affordability NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 4 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 5 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 6 primary primary JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 7 barrier barrier NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 8 ; ; : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 9 many many JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 10 VSU VSU NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 11 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 12 struggle struggle VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 13 financially financially RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 14 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 15 work work VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 16 at at IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 17 least least RBS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 18 one one CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 19 job job NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 20 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 21 addition addition NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 22 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 23 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 24 full full JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 25 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 26 time time NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 27 courseload courseload NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 28 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 29 Feldstein Feldstein NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 30 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 31 Hilton Hilton NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 32 III III NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 33 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 34 Hudson Hudson NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 35 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 36 Martin Martin NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 37 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 38 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 39 Wiley Wiley NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 40 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 41 2012 2012 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 42 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 43 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 44 1 1 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 45 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 132 46 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 1 VSU VSU NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 2 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 3 investigated investigate VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 4 ebook ebook NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 5 alternatives alternative NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 6 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 7 order order NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 8 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 9 lower lower VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 10 costs cost NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 11 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 12 ensure ensure VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 13 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 14 would would MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 15 have have VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 16 ongoing ongoing JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 17 access access NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 18 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 19 course course NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 20 materials material NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 133 21 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 1 They -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 2 contracted contract VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 3 Flat Flat NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 4 World World NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 5 Knowledge Knowledge NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 6 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 7 FWK FWK NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 8 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 9 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 10 then then RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 11 an an DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 12 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 13 provider provider NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 14 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 15 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 16 paid pay VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 17 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 18 per per IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 19 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 20 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 21 seat seat NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 22 licenses license NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 134 23 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 1 VSU VSU NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 2 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 3 purposely purposely RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 4 avoided avoid VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 5 commercial commercial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 6 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 7 proprietary proprietary JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 8 platforms platform NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 9 that that WDT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 10 would would MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 11 restrict restrict VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 12 access access NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 13 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 14 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 15 without without IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 16 regular regular JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 17 internet internet NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 18 access access NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 135 19 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 1 Therefore therefore RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 3 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 4 could could MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 5 read read VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 6 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 7 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 8 online online RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 9 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 10 download download VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 11 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 12 retain retain VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 13 all all DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 14 materials material NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 15 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 16 several several JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 17 formats format NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 18 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 19 Feldstein Feldstein NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 20 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 21 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 22 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 23 . . NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 24 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 25 2012 2012 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 26 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 27 pp pp NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 136 28 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 137 1 1 1 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 137 2 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 137 3 2 2 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 137 4 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 137 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 138 1 However however RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 138 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 138 3 working work VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 138 4 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 138 5 commercial commercial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 138 6 entities entity NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 138 7 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 138 8 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 138 9 initiatives initiative NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 138 10 has have VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 138 11 considerable considerable JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 138 12 drawbacks drawback NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 138 13 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 1 One one CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 2 year year NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 3 after after IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 4 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 5 VSU VSU NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 6 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 7 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 8 FWK FWK NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 9 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 10 evolved evolve VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 11 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 12 open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 13 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 14 resources resource NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 15 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 16 fair fair JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 17 pricing pricing NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 18 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 19 according accord VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 20 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 21 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 22 website website NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 139 23 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 1 This this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 2 means mean VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 3 that that IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 4 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 5 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 6 VSU VSU NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 7 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 8 had have VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 9 hoped hope VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 10 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 11 make make VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 12 available available JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 13 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 14 free free JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 15 were be VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 16 now now RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 17 subject subject JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 18 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 19 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 20 fair fair JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 21 pricing pricing NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 22 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 23 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 24 FWK FWK NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 25 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 26 VSU VSU NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 27 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 28 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 29 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 30 may may MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 31 have have VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 32 divergent divergent JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 33 ideas idea NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 34 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 35 what what WP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 36 ’s ’ VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 37 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 38 fair fair JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 39 price price NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 40 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 41 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 42 textbook textbook NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 140 43 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 1 At at IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 2 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 3 time time NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 4 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 5 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 6 writing writing NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 7 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 8 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 9 FWK FWK NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 10 website website NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 11 lists list VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 12 most most JJS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 13 e e NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 14 - - NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 15 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 16 between between IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 17 $ $ $ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 18 25-$30 25-$30 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 19 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 20 most most JJS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 21 print print NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 22 copies copy NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 23 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 24 ebook ebook NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 25 included include VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 26 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 27 list list NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 28 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 29 $ $ $ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 30 55 55 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 141 31 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 1 This this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 2 price price NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 3 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 4 much much RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 5 lower low JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 6 than than IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 7 many many JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 8 commercial commercial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 9 alternatives alternative NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 10 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 11 but but CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 12 it -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 13 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 14 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 15 lot lot NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 16 more more JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 17 than than IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 18 free free JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 142 19 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 2 percentage percentage NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 3 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 4 African african JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 5 American american JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 6 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 7 Latinx Latinx NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 8 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 9 that that WDT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 10 receive receive VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 11 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 12 bachelor bachelor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 13 ’s ’s POS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 14 degree degree NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 15 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 16 higher high JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 17 lags lag NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 18 far far RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 19 behind behind IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 20 white white JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 21 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 143 22 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 1 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 2 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 3 2018 2018 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 4 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 5 at at IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 6 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 7 University University NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 8 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 9 Georgia Georgia NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 10 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 11 UGA UGA NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 12 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 13 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 14 Colvard Colvard NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 15 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 16 Watson Watson NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 17 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 18 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 19 Park Park NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 20 sought seek VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 21 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 22 address address VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 23 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 24 attainment attainment JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 25 gap gap NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 26 through through IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 27 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 28 adoption adoption NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 29 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 30 eight eight CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 31 general general JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 32 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 33 courses course NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 144 34 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 2 authors author NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 3 point point VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 4 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 5 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 6 connection connection NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 7 between between IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 8 public public JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 9 disinvestment disinvestment NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 10 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 11 higher high JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 12 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 13 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 14 rising rise VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 15 costs cost NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 16 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 17 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 145 18 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 1 They -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 2 argue argue VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 3 that that IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 4 shifting shift VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 5 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 6 cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 7 burden burden NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 8 away away RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 9 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 10 taxpayers taxpayer NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 11 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 12 onto onto IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 13 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 14 exacerbates exacerbate NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 15 ethnic ethnic JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 16 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 17 racial racial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 18 disparities disparity NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 19 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 20 educational educational JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 21 attainment attainment NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 146 22 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 147 1 Students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 147 2 saved save VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 147 3 over over IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 147 4 3 3 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 147 5 million million CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 147 6 dollars dollar NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 147 7 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 147 8 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 147 9 result result NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 147 10 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 147 11 these these DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 147 12 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 147 13 adoptions adoption NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 147 14 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 1 Cleverly cleverly RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 3 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 4 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 5 disambiguated disambiguate VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 6 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 7 data datum NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 8 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 9 order order NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 10 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 11 determine determine VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 12 if if IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 13 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 14 have have VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 15 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 16 greater great JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 17 impact impact NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 18 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 19 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 20 eligible eligible JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 21 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 22 Pell Pell NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 23 Grants Grants NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 24 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 25 part part NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 26 time time NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 27 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 28 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 29 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 30 non non JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 31 - - JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 32 white white JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 33 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 34 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 35 Colvard Colvard NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 36 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 37 Watson Watson NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 38 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 39 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 40 Park Park NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 41 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 42 2018 2018 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 43 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 44 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 45 264 264 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 46 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 148 47 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 2 results result NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 3 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 4 promising promise VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 5 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 6 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 7 percentage percentage NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 8 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 9 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 10 receiving receive VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 11 grades grade NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 12 A a NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 13 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 14 A- a- NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 15 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 16 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 17 B+ b+ NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 18 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 19 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 20 test test NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 21 courses course NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 22 increased increase VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 23 dramatically dramatically RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 24 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 25 all all DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 26 three three CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 27 populations population NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 28 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 29 Colvard Colvard NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 30 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 31 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 32 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 33 . . NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 34 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 35 2018 2018 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 36 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 37 pp pp NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 149 38 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 150 1 269 269 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 150 2 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 150 3 271 271 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 150 4 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 150 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 2 last last JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 3 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 4 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 5 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 6 subsection subsection NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 7 presents present VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 8 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 9 convincing convincing JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 10 argument argument NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 11 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 12 cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 13 reduction reduction NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 14 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 15 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 16 contributor contributor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 17 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 18 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 19 outcomes outcome NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 151 20 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 1 Fischer Fischer NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 3 Hilton Hilton NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 5 Robinson Robinson NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 7 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 8 Wiley Wiley NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 9 designed design VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 10 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 11 largest large JJS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 12 efficacy efficacy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 13 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 14 upon upon IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 15 its -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 16 publication publication NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 17 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 18 2015 2015 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 152 19 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 1 It -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 2 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 3 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 4 quasi quasi JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 5 - - JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 6 experimental experimental JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 7 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 8 that that WDT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 9 analyzed analyze VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 10 efficacy efficacy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 11 results result NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 12 across across IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 13 four four CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 14 four four CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 15 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 16 year year NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 17 colleges college NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 18 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 19 six six CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 20 community community NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 21 colleges college NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 22 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 23 approximately approximately RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 24 16,000 16,000 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 25 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 26 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 27 fifteen fifteen CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 28 undergraduate undergraduate JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 29 courses course NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 30 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 31 approx approx NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 153 32 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 1 5,000 5,000 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 2 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 3 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 4 test test NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 5 group group NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 6 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 7 11,000 11,000 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 8 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 9 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 10 control control NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 11 group group NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 12 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 13 Fischer Fischer NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 14 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 15 Hilton Hilton NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 16 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 17 Robinson Robinson NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 18 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 19 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 20 Wiley Wiley NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 21 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 22 2015 2015 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 23 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 24 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 25 164 164 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 26 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 154 27 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 2 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 3 measured measure VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 4 outcomes outcome NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 5 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 6 four four CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 7 categories category NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 8 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 9 course course NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 10 completion completion NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 11 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 12 passing pass VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 13 courses course NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 14 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 15 at at RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 16 least least JJS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 17 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 18 C- c- JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 19 grade grade NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 20 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 21 credit credit NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 22 hours hour NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 23 during during IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 24 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 25 semester semester NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 26 tested test VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 27 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 28 enrollment enrollment NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 29 intensity intensity NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 30 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 31 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 32 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 33 credit credit NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 34 hours hour NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 35 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 36 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 37 following follow VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 38 semester semester NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 155 39 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 156 1 Fischer Fischer NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 156 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 156 3 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 156 4 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 156 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 1 claim claim NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 2 that that DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 3 cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 4 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 5 more more RBR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 6 impactful impactful JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 7 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 8 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 9 outcomes outcome NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 10 than than IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 11 instructional instructional JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 12 design design NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 13 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 14 mode mode NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 15 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 16 delivery delivery NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 17 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 18 Fischer Fischer NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 19 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 20 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 21 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 22 . . NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 23 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 24 2015 2015 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 25 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 26 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 27 169 169 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 28 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 157 29 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 1 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 2 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 3 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 4 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 5 others other NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 6 like like IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 7 it -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 9 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 10 outcomes outcome NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 11 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 12 similar similar JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 13 when when WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 14 using use VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 15 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 16 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 17 commercial commercial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 18 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 158 19 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 1 However however RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 3 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 4 authors author NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 5 see see VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 6 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 7 correlation correlation NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 8 between between IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 9 saving save VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 10 money money NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 11 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 12 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 13 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 14 enrollment enrollment NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 15 intensity intensity NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 159 16 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 2 test test NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 3 group group NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 4 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 5 those those DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 6 using use VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 7 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 8 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 9 enrolled enrol VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 10 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 11 more more JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 12 credits credit NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 13 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 14 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 15 surveyed survey VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 16 semester semester NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 17 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 18 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 19 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 20 following follow VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 21 semester semester NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 22 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 23 than than IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 24 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 25 control control NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 26 group group NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 27 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 28 Fischer Fischer NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 29 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 30 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 31 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 32 . . NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 33 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 34 2015 2015 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 35 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 36 pp pp NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 160 37 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 161 1 167 167 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 161 2 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 161 3 168 168 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 161 4 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 161 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 162 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 162 2 argument argument NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 162 3 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 162 4 that that IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 162 5 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 162 6 use use VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 162 7 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 162 8 savings saving NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 162 9 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 162 10 enroll enroll VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 162 11 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 162 12 more more JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 162 13 classes class NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 162 14 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 163 1 Causation causation NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 163 2 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 163 3 impossible impossible JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 163 4 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 163 5 prove prove VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 163 6 but but CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 163 7 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 163 8 hypothesis hypothesis NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 163 9 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 163 10 provocative provocative JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 163 11 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 2 refrain refrain NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 3 that that IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 4 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 5 outcomes outcome NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 6 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 7 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 8 same same JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 9 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 10 better well JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 11 when when WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 12 using use VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 13 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 14 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 15 increasingly increasingly RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 16 common common JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 164 17 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 165 1 This this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 165 2 argument argument NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 165 3 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 165 4 used use VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 165 5 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 165 6 encourage encourage VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 165 7 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 165 8 adoption adoption NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 165 9 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 166 1 But but CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 166 2 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 166 3 need need VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 166 4 practitioners practitioner 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www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 167 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 167 3 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 167 4 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 167 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 2 2015 2015 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 3 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 4 admit admit VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 5 that that IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 6 future future JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 7 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 8 should should MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 9 analyze analyze VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 10 textbook textbook NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 11 quality quality NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 12 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 13 teacher teacher NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 14 effects effect NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 15 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 16 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 17 170 170 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 18 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 168 19 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 169 1 They -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 169 2 do do VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 169 3 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 169 4 provide provide VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 169 5 any any DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 169 6 details detail NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 169 7 about about IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 169 8 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 169 9 learning learn VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 169 10 materials material NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 169 11 used use VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 169 12 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 169 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 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NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 178 25 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 178 26 2015 2015 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 178 27 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 178 28 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 178 29 2 2 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 178 30 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 178 31 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 1 Teaching teaching NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 2 modules module NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 3 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 4 created create VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 5 by by IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 6 many many JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 7 instructors instructor NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 8 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 9 can can MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 10 be be VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 11 hyperlinked hyperlinke VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 12 within within IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 13 each each DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 14 course course NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 15 ’s ’s POS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 16 instance instance NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 17 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 18 ChemWiki ChemWiki NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 179 19 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 1 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 2 other other JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 3 words word NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 5 labor labor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 6 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 7 distributed distribute VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 8 horizontally horizontally RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 9 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 10 an an DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 11 effort effort NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 12 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 13 draw draw VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 14 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 15 collective collective JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 16 expertise expertise NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 17 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 18 avoid avoid VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 19 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 20 centralization centralization NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 21 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 22 expertise expertise NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 23 used use VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 24 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 25 authoring author VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 26 traditional traditional JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 27 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 180 28 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 181 1 Colvard Colvard NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 181 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 181 3 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 181 4 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 181 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 1 argue argue VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 2 that that IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 3 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 4 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 5 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 6 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 7 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 8 by by IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 9 extension extension NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 10 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 11 addresses address VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 12 all all DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 13 three three CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 14 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 15 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 16 great great JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 17 challenges challenge NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 18 facing face VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 19 higher high JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 20 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 21 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 22 affordability affordability NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 23 ; ; : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 24 retention retention NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 25 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 26 completion completion NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 27 ; ; , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 28 quality quality NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 29 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 30 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 31 learning learning NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 32 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 33 Colvard Colvard NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 34 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 35 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 36 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 37 . . NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 38 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 39 2018 2018 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 40 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 182 41 p. p. 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www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 183 14 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 183 15 test test NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 183 16 group group NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 183 17 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 184 1 But but CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 184 2 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 184 3 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 184 4 reveals reveal VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 184 5 little little JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 184 6 about about IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 184 7 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 184 8 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 185 1 Most Most JJS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 185 2 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 185 3 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 185 4 classes class NNS 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NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 193 39 83 83 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 193 40 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 193 41 84 84 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 193 42 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 193 43 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 1 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 2 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 3 instance instance NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 5 getting get VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 6 rid rid VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 7 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 8 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 9 commercial commercial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 10 homework homework NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 11 system system NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 12 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 13 rather rather RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 14 than than IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 15 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 16 textbook textbook NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 17 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 18 generated generate VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 19 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 20 greatest great JJS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 21 savings saving NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 194 22 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 195 1 Hendricks Hendricks NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 195 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 195 3 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 195 4 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 195 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 196 1 found find VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 196 2 that that IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 196 3 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 196 4 ’ ’ POS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 196 5 problem problem NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 196 6 - 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- HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 200 32 making make VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 200 33 process process NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 200 34 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 200 35 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 200 36 Virginia Virginia NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 200 37 State State NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 200 38 University University NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 200 39 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 200 40 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 201 1 Feldstein Feldstein NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 201 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 201 3 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 201 4 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 201 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 1 do do VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 2 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 3 provide provide VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 4 details detail NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 5 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 6 pedagogical pedagogical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 7 methods method NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 8 used use VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 9 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 10 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 11 courses course NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 12 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 13 but but CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 14 VSU VSU NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 15 Business Business NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 16 School School NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 17 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 18 identified identify VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 19 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 20 value value NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 21 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 22 adopting adopt VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 23 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 24 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 25 Creative Creative NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 26 Commons Commons NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 27 licenses license NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 202 28 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 1 This this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 2 way way NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 3 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 4 materials material NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 5 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 6 relatively relatively RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 7 easy easy JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 8 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 9 revise revise VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 10 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 11 remix remix VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 12 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 13 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 14 teaching teaching NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 15 materials material NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 16 can can MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 17 reflect reflect VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 18 current current JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 19 events event NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 20 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 21 different different JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 22 points point NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 23 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 24 view view NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 25 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 26 Feldstein Feldstein NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 27 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 28 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 29 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 30 . . NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 31 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 32 2012 2012 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 33 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 34 pp pp NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 203 35 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 204 1 1 1 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 204 2 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 204 3 2 2 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 204 4 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 204 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 1 As as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 2 one one CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 3 professor professor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 4 put put VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 5 it -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 7 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 8 Since since IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 9 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 10 now now RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 11 had have VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 12 permanent permanent JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 13 access access NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 14 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 15 content content NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 16 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 17 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 18 value value NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 19 was be VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 20 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 21 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 22 information information NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 23 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 24 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 25 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 26 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 27 textbook textbook NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 28 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 29 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 30 commodity commodity NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 31 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 32 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 33 Feldstein Feldstein NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 34 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 35 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 36 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 37 . . NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 38 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 39 2012 2012 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 40 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 41 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 42 8) 8) CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 205 43 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 1 Pawlyshyn Pawlyshyn NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 3 Braddlee Braddlee NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 5 Casper Casper NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 7 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 8 Miller Miller NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 9 document document NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 10 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 11 adoption adoption NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 12 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 13 ten ten CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 14 high high JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 15 enrollment enrollment NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 16 courses course NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 17 at at IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 18 seven seven CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 19 institutions institution NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 20 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 21 part part NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 22 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 23 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 24 Project Project NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 25 Kaleidoscope Kaleidoscope NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 26 Open Open NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 27 Course course NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 28 Initiative Initiative NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 29 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 30 KOCI KOCI NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 31 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 206 32 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 207 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 207 2 writing writing NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 207 3 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 207 4 reflective reflective JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 207 5 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 207 6 an an DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 207 7 extent extent NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 207 8 rarely rarely RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 207 9 found find VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 207 10 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 207 11 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 207 12 efficacy efficacy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 207 13 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 207 14 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 1 They -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 2 dedicate dedicate VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 3 just just RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 4 as as RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 5 much much JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 6 space space NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 7 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 8 pedagogical pedagogical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 9 decision decision NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 10 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 11 making making NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 12 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 13 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 14 costs cost NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 15 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 16 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 17 outcomes outcome NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 208 18 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 209 1 This this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 209 2 fact fact NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 209 3 may may MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 209 4 be be VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 209 5 connected connect VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 209 6 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 209 7 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 209 8 project project NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 209 9 design design NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 209 10 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 210 1 Participants participant NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 210 2 collaborated collaborate VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 210 3 across across IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 210 4 institutions institution NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 210 5 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 210 6 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 210 7 held hold VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 210 8 weekly weekly JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 210 9 Skype Skype NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 210 10 calls call VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 210 11 ! ! . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 211 1 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 211 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 211 3 which which WDT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 211 4 surfaced surface VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 211 5 important important JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 211 6 differences difference NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 211 7 at at IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 211 8 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 211 9 respective respective JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 211 10 institutions institution NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 211 11 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 1 For for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 2 example example NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 3 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 4 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 5 populations population NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 6 varied vary VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 7 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 8 remedial remedial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 9 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 10 college college NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 11 entry entry NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 12 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 13 Pawlyshyn Pawlyshyn NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 14 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 15 Braddlee Braddlee NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 16 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 17 Casper Casper NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 18 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 19 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 20 Miller Miller NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 21 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 22 2013 2013 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 23 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 212 24 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 213 1 Consequently consequently RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 213 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 213 3 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 213 4 developed develop VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 213 5 targets target NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 213 6 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 213 7 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 213 8 specific specific JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 213 9 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 213 10 populations population NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 213 11 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 1 For for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 2 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 3 initiatives initiative NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 4 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 5 succeed succeed VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 7 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 8 authors author NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 9 make make VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 10 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 11 following following JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 12 recommendation recommendation NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 13 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 14 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 15 Introduce introduce VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 16 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 17 facilitate facilitate VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 18 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 19 efforts effort NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 20 through through IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 21 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 22 initiative initiative NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 23 rather rather RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 24 than than IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 25 making make VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 26 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 27 top top RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 28 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 29 down down RP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 30 institutional institutional JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 31 directive directive NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 214 32 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 1 Eventually eventually RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 3 institutional institutional JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 4 policy policy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 5 must must MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 6 support support VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 7 emergent emergent JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 8 practice practice NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 9 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 10 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 11 Pawlyshyn Pawlyshyn NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 12 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 13 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 14 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 15 . . NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 16 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 17 2013 2013 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 18 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 215 19 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 216 1 Even even RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 216 2 when when WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 216 3 documenting document VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 216 4 KOCI KOCI NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 216 5 ’s ’s POS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 216 6 shortcomings shortcoming NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 216 7 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 216 8 Pawlyshyn Pawlyshyn NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 216 9 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 216 10 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 216 11 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 217 1 provide provide VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 217 2 critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 217 3 reflections reflection NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 217 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 1 Some some DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 2 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 3 resisted resist VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 4 KOCI KOCI NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 5 based base VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 6 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 7 perceived perceive VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 8 limitations limitation NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 9 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 10 academic academic JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 11 freedom freedom NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 12 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 13 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 14 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 15 corporate corporate JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 16 interference interference NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 17 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 18 since since IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 19 KOCI KOCI NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 20 used use VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 21 Lumen Lumen NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 22 Learning Learning NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 23 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 24 received receive VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 25 funding funding NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 26 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 27 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 28 Bill Bill NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 29 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 30 Melinda Melinda NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 31 Gates Gates NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 32 Foundation Foundation NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 33 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 34 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 35 Hewlett Hewlett NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 36 Foundation Foundation NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 37 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 38 Pawlyshyn Pawlyshyn NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 39 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 40 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 41 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 42 . . NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 43 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 44 2013 2013 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 45 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 218 46 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 2 following following JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 3 section section NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 4 examines examine VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 5 how how WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 6 decisions decision NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 7 regarding regard VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 8 academic academic JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 9 labor labor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 10 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 11 which which WDT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 12 can can MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 13 include include VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 14 collaborating collaborate VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 15 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 16 commercial commercial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 17 vendors vendor NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 18 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 19 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 20 discussed discuss VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 21 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 22 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 23 efficacy efficacy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 24 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 25 — — : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 26 when when WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 27 academic academic JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 28 labor labor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 29 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 30 discussed discuss VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 31 at at RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 32 all all RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 219 33 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 220 1 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 220 2 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 220 3 Academic Academic NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 220 4 Labor Labor NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 220 5 Academic Academic NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 220 6 labor labor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 220 7 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 220 8 rarely rarely RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 220 9 covered cover VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 220 10 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 220 11 these these DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 220 12 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 220 13 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 1 This this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 2 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 3 understandable understandable JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 4 insofar insofar RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 5 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 6 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 7 focus focus NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 8 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 9 most most JJS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 10 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 11 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 12 cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 13 savings saving NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 14 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 15 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 16 outcomes outcome NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 221 17 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 222 1 However however RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 222 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 222 3 academic academic JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 222 4 labor labor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 222 5 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 222 6 central central JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 222 7 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 222 8 any any DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 222 9 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 222 10 initiative initiative NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 222 11 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 223 1 Who who WP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 223 2 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 223 3 doing do VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 223 4 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 223 5 work work NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 223 6 ? ? . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 224 1 Are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 224 2 they -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 224 3 getting get VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 224 4 paid pay VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 224 5 ? ? . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 225 1 Is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 225 2 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 225 3 work work NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 225 4 acknowledged acknowledge VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 225 5 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 225 6 promotion promotion NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 225 7 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 225 8 tenure tenure NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 225 9 ? ? . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 226 1 Based base VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 226 2 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 226 3 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 226 4 available available JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 226 5 literature literature NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 226 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 226 7 it -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 226 8 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 226 9 difficult difficult JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 226 10 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 226 11 answer answer VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 226 12 these these DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 226 13 questions question NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 226 14 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 1 Calling call VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 2 attention attention NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 3 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 4 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 5 matter matter NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 6 will will MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 7 hopefully hopefully RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 8 help help VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 9 remedy remedy VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 10 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 11 glaring glaring JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 12 omission omission NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 13 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 14 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 15 literature literature NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 227 16 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 228 1 Hendricks Hendricks NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 228 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 228 3 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 228 4 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 228 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 2 2017 2017 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 3 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 4 acknowledge acknowledge VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 5 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 6 costs cost NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 7 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 8 adopting adopt VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 9 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 10 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 11 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 12 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 13 literature literature NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 14 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 15 open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 16 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 17 related relate VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 18 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 19 cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 20 focuses focus NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 21 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 22 cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 23 savings saving NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 24 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 25 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 26 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 27 but but CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 28 it -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 29 ’s ’ VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 30 important important JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 31 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 32 keep keep VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 33 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 34 mind mind NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 35 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 36 possible possible JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 37 costs cost NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 38 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 39 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 40 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 41 institutions institution NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 42 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 43 terms term NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 44 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 45 time time NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 46 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 47 support support NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 48 when when WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 49 using use VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 50 open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 51 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 52 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 53 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 54 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 55 94 94 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 56 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 229 57 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 230 1 Faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 230 2 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 230 3 graduate graduate NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 230 4 assistants assistant NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 230 5 worked work VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 230 6 together together RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 230 7 during during IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 230 8 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 230 9 summer summer NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 230 10 months month NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 230 11 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 230 12 prepare prepare VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 230 13 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 230 14 course course NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 230 15 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 2 latter latter JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 3 were be VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 4 paid pay VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 5 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 6 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 7 teaching teaching NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 8 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 9 learning learning NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 10 grant grant NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 11 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 12 C$ c$ $ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 13 20,000 20,000 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 14 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 15 University University NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 16 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 17 British British NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 18 Columbia Columbia NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 231 19 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 1 Ensuring ensure VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 2 fair fair JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 3 compensation compensation NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 4 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 5 graduate graduate NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 6 assistants assistant NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 7 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 8 contingent contingent JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 9 workers worker NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 10 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 11 crucial crucial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 12 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 13 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 14 critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 15 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 16 perspective perspective NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 232 17 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 1 However however RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 3 there there EX www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 4 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 5 no no DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 6 indication indication NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 7 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 8 grant grant NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 9 covered cover VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 10 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 11 time time NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 12 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 13 effort effort NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 14 spent spend VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 15 by by IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 16 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 17 planning plan VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 18 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 19 project project NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 20 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 21 securing secure VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 22 funds fund NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 23 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 24 selecting select VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 25 materials material NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 26 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 27 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 28 learning learn VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 29 new new JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 30 systems system NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 233 31 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 1 Are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 2 these these DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 3 tasks task NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 4 considered consider VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 5 part part NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 6 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 7 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 8 job job NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 9 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 10 were be VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 11 they -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 12 paid pay VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 13 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 14 stipend stipend NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 15 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 16 extra extra JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 17 labor labor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 18 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 19 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 20 given give VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 21 course course NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 22 release release NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 23 time time NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 24 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 25 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 26 name name VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 27 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 28 few few JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 29 payment payment NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 30 options option NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 234 31 ? ? . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 1 Transparency transparency NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 2 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 3 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 4 working work VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 5 conditions condition NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 6 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 7 all all DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 8 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 9 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 10 staff staff NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 11 , , , 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document VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 28 just just RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 29 labor labor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 30 practices practice NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 31 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 32 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 33 initiatives initiative NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 235 34 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 236 1 Pawlyshyn Pawlyshyn NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 236 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 236 3 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 236 4 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 236 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 1 directly directly RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 2 address address VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 3 payment payment NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 4 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 5 incentives incentive NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 6 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 7 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 8 section section NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 9 called call VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 10 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 11 Motivations motivation NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 12 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 13 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 14 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 15 addition addition NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 16 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 17 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 18 small small JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 19 stipend stipend NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 237 20 , , , 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www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 22 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 23 allocate allocate VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 24 funds fund NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 25 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 26 conference conference NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 27 attendance attendance NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 28 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 29 Pawlyshyn Pawlyshyn NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 30 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 31 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 32 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 33 . . NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 34 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 35 2013 2013 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 36 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 238 37 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 1 Though though IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 2 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 3 authors author NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 4 do do VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 5 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 6 explain explain VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 7 why why WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 8 professional professional JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 9 development development NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 10 funds fund NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 11 were be VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 12 so so RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 13 popular popular JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 14 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 15 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 16 implication implication NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 17 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 18 that that IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 19 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 20 relished relish VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 21 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 22 opportunity opportunity NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 23 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 24 share share VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 25 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 26 work work NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 27 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 28 learn learn VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 29 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 30 others other NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 31 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 32 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 33 community community NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 34 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 35 practice practice NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 239 36 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 1 One one CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 2 shortcoming shortcoming NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 3 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 4 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 5 report report NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 6 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 7 it -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 8 does do VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 9 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 10 include include VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 11 any any DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 12 information information NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 13 about about IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 14 how how WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 15 Lumen Lumen NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 16 Learning Learning NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 17 was be VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 18 involved involve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 19 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 20 KOCI KOCI NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 21 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 22 especially especially RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 23 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 24 regard regard NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 25 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 26 MyOpenMath MyOpenMath NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 27 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 28 MOM MOM NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 29 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 30 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 31 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 32 free free JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 33 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 34 online online JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 35 course course NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 36 management management NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 37 system system NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 240 38 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 241 1 It -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 241 2 would would MD 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www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 245 27 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 245 28 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 245 29 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 245 30 . . NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 245 31 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 245 32 2015 2015 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 245 33 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 245 34 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 245 35 3 3 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 245 36 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 245 37 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 2 authors author NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 3 do do VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 4 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 5 discuss discuss VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 6 how how WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 7 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 8 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 9 if if IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 10 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 11 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 12 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 13 case case NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 14 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 15 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 16 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 17 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 18 labor labor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 19 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 20 compensated compensate VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 21 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 22 otherwise otherwise RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 23 supported support VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 246 24 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 2 final final JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 3 example example NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 4 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 5 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 6 subsection subsection NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 7 examines examine VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 8 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 9 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 10 that that WDT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 11 looks look VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 12 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 13 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 14 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 15 an an DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 16 institutional institutional JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 17 cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 18 saving saving NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 19 measure measure NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 247 20 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 1 Bowen Bowen NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 3 Chingos Chingos NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 5 Lack Lack NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 7 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 8 Nygren Nygren NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 9 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 10 2012 2012 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 11 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 12 examine examine VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 13 an an DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 14 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 15 hybrid hybrid JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 16 learning learning NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 17 environment environment NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 18 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 19 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 20 mix mix NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 21 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 22 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 23 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 24 person person NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 25 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 26 online online NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 27 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 248 28 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 1 Published publish VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 2 by by IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 3 Ithaka Ithaka NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 4 S+R S+R NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 5 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 6 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 7 consulting consult VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 8 non non JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 9 - - JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 10 profit profit JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 11 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 12 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 13 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 14 tested test VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 15 traditional traditional JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 16 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 17 hybrid hybrid JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 18 classes class NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 19 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 20 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 21 basic basic JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 22 statistics statistic NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 23 course course NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 24 designed design VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 25 at at IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 26 Carnegie Carnegie NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 27 Mellon Mellon NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 28 University University NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 29 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 30 taught teach VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 31 at at IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 32 six six CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 33 public public JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 34 universities university NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 249 35 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 250 1 Like like IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 250 2 most most JJS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 250 3 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 250 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 250 5 Bowen Bowen NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 250 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 250 7 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 250 8 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 250 9 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 2 2012 2012 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 3 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 4 found find VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 5 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 6 hybrid hybrid JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 7 format format NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 8 produced produce VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 9 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 10 same same JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 11 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 12 better well JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 13 results result NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 14 than than IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 15 traditional traditional JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 16 classroom classroom NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 17 instruction instruction NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 18 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 19 pp pp NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 251 20 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 252 1 18 18 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 252 2 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 252 3 21 21 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 252 4 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 252 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 253 1 Unlike unlike IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 253 2 most most JJS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 253 3 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 253 4 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 253 5 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 253 6 Bowen Bowen NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 253 7 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 253 8 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 253 9 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 253 10 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 254 1 also also RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 254 2 tested test VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 254 3 whether whether IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 254 4 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 254 5 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 254 6 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 254 7 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 254 8 / / SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 254 9 hybrid hybrid NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 254 10 method method NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 254 11 can can MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 254 12 lower lower VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 254 13 instructor instructor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 254 14 costs cost NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 254 15 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 1 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 2 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 3 model model NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 5 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 6 hybrid hybrid JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 7 course course NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 8 would would MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 9 be be VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 10 supervised supervise VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 11 by by IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 12 tenure tenure NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 13 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 14 track track NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 15 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 16 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 17 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 18 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 19 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 20 person person NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 21 sections section NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 22 led lead VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 23 by by IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 24 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 25 teaching teaching NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 26 assistants assistant NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 27 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 28 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 29 administrative administrative JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 30 work work NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 31 handled handle VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 32 by by IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 33 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 34 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 35 part part JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 36 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 37 time time NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 38 instructor instructor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 39 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 40 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 41 Bowen Bowen NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 42 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 43 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 44 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 45 . . NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 46 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 47 2012 2012 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 48 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 49 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 50 25 25 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 51 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 255 52 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 1 Admittedly admittedly RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 3 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 4 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 5 one one CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 6 line line NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 7 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 8 inquiry inquiry NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 9 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 10 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 11 lengthy lengthy JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 12 report report NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 13 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 14 but but CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 15 using use VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 16 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 17 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 18 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 19 way way NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 20 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 21 lower lower VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 22 operating operating NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 23 costs cost NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 24 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 25 anathema anathema NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 26 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 27 critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 28 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 29 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 30 social social JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 31 justice justice NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 256 32 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 2 authors author NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 3 estimate estimate VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 4 large large JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 5 scale scale NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 6 implementation implementation NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 7 could could MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 8 reduce reduce VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 9 instructor instructor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 10 costs cost NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 11 36%-57 36%-57 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 12 % % NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 13 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 14 Bowen Bowen NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 15 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 16 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 17 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 18 . . NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 19 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 20 2012 2012 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 21 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 22 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 23 26 26 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 24 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 257 25 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 1 They -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 2 do do VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 3 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 4 include include VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 5 how how WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 6 they -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 7 reach reach VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 8 these these DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 9 numbers number NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 10 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 11 likely likely RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 12 because because IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 13 they -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 14 would would MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 15 be be VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 16 perceived perceive VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 17 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 18 controversial controversial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 19 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 20 if if IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 21 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 22 incendiary incendiary JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 258 23 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 1 Conclusion conclusion NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 2 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 3 Future Future NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 4 Considerations Considerations NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 5 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 6 efficacy efficacy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 7 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 8 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 9 just just RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 10 as as RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 11 revealing reveal VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 12 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 13 what what WP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 14 they -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 15 omit omit VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 16 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 17 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 18 what what WP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 19 they -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 20 include include VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 259 21 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 1 It -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 2 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 3 challenging challenge VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 4 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 5 design design VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 6 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 7 methodologically methodologically RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 8 sound sound JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 9 study study NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 10 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 11 especially especially RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 12 under under IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 13 tight tight JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 14 timelines timeline NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 15 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 16 tight(er tight(er NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 17 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 18 budgets budget NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 260 19 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 1 Given give VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 2 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 3 reality reality NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 5 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 6 efficacy efficacy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 7 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 8 tell tell VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 9 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 10 tidiest tidy JJS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 11 story story NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 12 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 13 saving save VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 14 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 15 money money NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 16 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 17 good good JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 18 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 19 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 20 may may MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 21 improve improve VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 22 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 23 learning learning NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 261 24 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 1 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 2 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 3 respect respect NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 5 these these DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 6 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 7 conform conform VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 8 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 9 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 10 logics logic NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 11 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 12 funders funder NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 13 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 14 administrators administrator NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 15 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 16 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 17 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 18 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 19 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 20 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 21 librarians librarian NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 22 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 23 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 24 staff staff NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 25 working work VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 26 at at IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 27 colleges college NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 28 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 29 universities university NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 262 30 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 1 But but CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 2 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 3 story story NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 4 elides elide VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 5 an an DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 6 inconvenient inconvenient JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 7 truth truth NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 8 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 9 if if IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 10 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 11 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 12 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 13 buying buy VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 14 expensive expensive JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 15 textbooks textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 16 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 17 begin begin VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 18 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 19 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 20 Florida Florida NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 21 Virtual Virtual NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 22 Campus Campus NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 23 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 24 2019 2019 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 25 ; ; : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 26 Feldstein Feldstein NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 27 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 28 et et NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 29 al al NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 30 . . NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 31 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 32 2012 2012 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 33 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 34 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 35 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 36 they -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 37 saving save VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 38 money money NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 39 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 40 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 41 they -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 42 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 43 spending spend VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 44 money money NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 45 they -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 46 do do VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 47 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 48 have have VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 49 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 50 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 51 first first JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 52 place place NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 263 53 ? ? . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 264 1 This this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 264 2 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 264 3 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 264 4 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 264 5 say say VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 264 6 that that DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 264 7 well well RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 264 8 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 264 9 designed design VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 264 10 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 264 11 efficacy efficacy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 264 12 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 264 13 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 264 14 irrelevant irrelevant JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 264 15 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 265 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 265 2 above above JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 265 3 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 265 4 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 265 5 valuable valuable JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 265 6 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 265 7 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 265 8 analysis analysis NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 265 9 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 265 10 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 265 11 advocacy advocacy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 265 12 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 265 13 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 265 14 initiatives initiative NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 265 15 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 1 But but CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 2 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 3 desire desire NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 4 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 5 quantify quantify VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 6 all all DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 7 aspects aspect NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 8 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 9 higher high JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 10 ed ed NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 11 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 12 reflected reflect VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 13 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 14 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 15 literature literature NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 266 16 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 267 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 267 2 statistics statistic NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 267 3 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 267 4 given give VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 267 5 primacy primacy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 267 6 over over IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 267 7 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 267 8 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 268 1 Can Can MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 268 2 an an DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 268 3 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 268 4 committed commit VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 268 5 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 268 6 measuring measure VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 268 7 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 268 8 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 268 9 success success NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 268 10 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 268 11 ever ever RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 268 12 be be VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 268 13 liberatory liberatory JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 268 14 ? ? . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 1 Critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 2 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 3 does do VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 4 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 5 reduce reduce VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 6 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 7 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 8 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 9 letter letter NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 10 grades grade NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 11 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 12 how how WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 13 many many JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 14 dollars dollar NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 15 they -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 16 saved save VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 269 17 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 270 1 Rather rather RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 270 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 270 3 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 270 4 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 270 5 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 270 6 engage engage NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 270 7 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 270 8 dialog dialog NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 270 9 about about IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 270 10 defining define VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 270 11 academic academic JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 270 12 success success NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 270 13 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 271 1 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 271 2 contrast contrast NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 271 3 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 271 4 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 271 5 above above JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 271 6 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 271 7 efficacy efficacy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 271 8 studies study NNS 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www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 271 24 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 271 25 ’ ’ POS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 271 26 voices voice NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 271 27 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 272 1 Action action NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 272 2 research research NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 272 3 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 272 4 another another DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 272 5 approach approach NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 272 6 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 1 According accord VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 2 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 3 Sagor Sagor NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 5 action action NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 6 research research NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 7 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 8 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 9 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 10 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 11 disciplined disciplined JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 12 process process NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 13 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 14 inquiry inquiry NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 15 conducted conduct VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 16 by by IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 17 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 18 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 19 those those DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 20 taking take VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 21 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 22 action action NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 273 23 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 2 primary primary JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 3 reason reason NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 4 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 5 engaging engage VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 6 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 7 action action NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 8 research research NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 9 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 10 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 11 assist assist VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 12 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 13 ‘ ' `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 14 actor actor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 15 ’ ' '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 16 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 17 improving improve VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 18 and/or and/or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 19 refining refine VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 20 his -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 21 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 22 her -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 23 actions action NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 24 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 25 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 26 Sagor Sagor NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 27 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 28 2000 2000 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 29 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 274 30 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 1 Action action NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 2 research research NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 3 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 4 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 5 initiatives initiative NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 6 would would MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 7 be be VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 8 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 9 welcome welcome JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 10 addition addition NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 11 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 12 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 13 literature literature NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 14 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 15 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 16 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 275 17 method method NN 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277 6 accept accept VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 7 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 8 divestment divestment NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 9 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 10 public public JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 11 funds fund NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 12 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 13 higher high JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 14 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 15 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 16 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 17 permanent permanent JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 18 reality reality NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 19 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 20 instead instead RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 21 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 22 an an DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 23 ongoing ongoing JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 24 struggle struggle NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 25 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 26 pp pp NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 277 27 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 278 1 4 4 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 278 2 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 278 3 6 6 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 278 4 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 278 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 279 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 279 2 solutions solution NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 279 3 address address VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 279 4 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 279 5 perspective perspective NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 279 6 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 279 7 administration administration NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 279 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 279 9 not not RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 279 10 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 279 11 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 279 12 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 279 13 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 280 1 Moreover moreover RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 280 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 280 3 how how WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 280 4 are be VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 280 5 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 280 6 being be VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 280 7 commercialized commercialize VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 280 8 ? ? . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 1 David David NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 2 Wiley Wiley NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 3 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 4 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 5 co co NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 6 - - NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 7 author author NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 8 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 9 several several JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 10 above above IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 11 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 12 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 13 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 14 many many JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 15 others other NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 16 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 17 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 18 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 19 Chief Chief NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 20 Academic Academic NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 21 Officer Officer NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 22 at at IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 23 Lumen Lumen NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 24 Learning Learning NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 281 25 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 1 A a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 2 deeper deep JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 3 investigation investigation NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 4 into into IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 5 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 6 open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 7 washing washing NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 9 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 10 or or CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 11 proprietary proprietary JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 12 practices practice NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 13 disguised disguise VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 14 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 15 open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 16 access access NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 17 / / SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 18 licensing licensing NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 19 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 20 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 21 defined define VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 22 by by IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 23 Watters Watters NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 24 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 25 2014 2014 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 26 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 27 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 28 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 29 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 30 initiatives initiative NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 31 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 32 needed need VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 282 33 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 283 1 Alternative alternative JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 283 2 perspectives perspective VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 283 3 abound abound JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 283 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 1 Brier Brier NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 2 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 3 Fabricant Fabricant NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 4 decry decry NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 5 austerity austerity NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 6 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 7 commercialization commercialization NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 8 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 9 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 10 full full JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 11 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 12 throated throate VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 13 defense defense NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 14 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 15 public public JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 16 higher high JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 17 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 18 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 19 Austerity Austerity NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 20 Blues Blues NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 21 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 22 Fighting fight VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 23 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 24 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 25 Soul Soul NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 26 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 27 Public Public NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 28 Higher Higher NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 29 Education Education NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 30 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 31 2016 2016 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 32 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 284 33 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 1 Winn Winn NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 2 ’s ’s , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 3 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 4 2012 2012 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 5 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 6 Marxist marxist JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 7 analysis analysis NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 8 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 9 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 10 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 11 higher high JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 12 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 13 cautions caution NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 14 against against IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 15 administrators administrator NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 16 ’ ’ POS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 17 attempts attempt NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 18 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 19 exploit exploit VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 20 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 21 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 22 surplus surplus NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 23 value value NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 24 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 25 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 26 form form NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 27 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 28 increased increase VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 29 enrollment enrollment NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 30 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 31 lower low JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 32 teaching teaching NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 33 costs cost NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 34 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 35 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 36 cultural cultural JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 37 prestige prestige NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 38 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 39 pp pp NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 285 40 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 286 1 143 143 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 286 2 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 286 3 144 144 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 286 4 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 286 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 1 Farrow Farrow NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 2 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 3 2017 2017 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 4 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 5 criticizes criticize VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 6 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 7 austerity austerity NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 8 mindset mindset NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 9 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 10 obsessed obsess VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 11 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 12 efficiencies efficiency NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 13 that that WDT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 14 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 15 promote promote VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 16 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 17 idea idea NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 18 that that IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 19 technological technological JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 20 innovation innovation NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 21 can can MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 22 offer offer VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 23 neat neat JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 24 solutions solution NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 25 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 26 challenges challenge NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 27 faced face VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 28 by by IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 29 educational educational JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 30 institutions institution NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 31 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 32 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 33 p. p. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 34 131 131 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 35 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 287 36 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 288 1 As as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 288 2 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 288 3 title title NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 288 4 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 288 5 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 288 6 article article NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 288 7 asks ask VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 288 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 288 9 open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 288 10 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 288 11 what what WP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 288 12 ? ? . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 289 1 A a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 289 2 free free JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 289 3 version version NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 289 4 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 289 5 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 289 6 status status NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 289 7 quo quo NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 289 8 ? ? . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 290 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 290 2 above above JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 290 3 analysis analysis NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 290 4 shows show VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 290 5 that that IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 290 6 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 290 7 efficacy efficacy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 290 8 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 290 9 would would MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 290 10 benefit benefit VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 290 11 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 290 12 greater great JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 290 13 transparency transparency NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 290 14 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 1 This this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 2 transparency transparency NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 3 applies apply VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 4 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 5 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 7 technology technology NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 9 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 10 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 11 financial financial JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 12 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 13 emotional emotional JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 14 costs cost NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 15 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 16 students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 17 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 18 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 19 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 20 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 21 staff staff NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 291 22 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 1 It -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 2 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 3 one one CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 4 thing thing NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 5 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 6 use use VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 7 critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 8 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 9 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 10 diagnose diagnose VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 11 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 12 problem problem NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 13 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 14 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 15 above above JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 16 studies study NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 292 17 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 1 It -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 2 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 3 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 4 far far RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 5 more more RBR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 6 important important JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 7 challenge challenge NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 8 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 9 address address VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 10 higher high JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 11 ed ed NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 12 ’s ’s NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 13 contradictions contradiction NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 14 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 15 power power NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 16 struggles struggle NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 17 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 18 teacher teacher NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 19 / / SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 20 student student NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 21 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 22 faculty faculty NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 23 / / SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 24 administrator administrator NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 25 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 26 proprietary proprietary JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 27 / / SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 28 open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 29 access access NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 30 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 31 banking banking NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 32 education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 33 / / SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 34 open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 35 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 293 36 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 294 1 Critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 294 2 pedagogy pedagogy NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 294 3 opens open VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 294 4 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 294 5 door door NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 294 6 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 1 Acknowledgements acknowledgement NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 2 I -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 3 would would MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 4 like like VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 5 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 6 thank thank VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 7 peer peer NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 8 reviewers reviewer NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 9 Ryan Ryan NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 10 Randall Randall NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 11 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 12 Nicole Nicole NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 13 Williams Williams NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 14 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 15 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 16 insightful insightful JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 17 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 18 critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 19 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 20 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 21 encouraging encourage VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 22 comments comment NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 295 23 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 296 1 Thank thank VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 296 2 you -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 296 3 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 296 4 Ian Ian NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 296 5 Beilin Beilin NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 296 6 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 296 7 serving serve VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 296 8 as as IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 296 9 publishing publishing NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 296 10 editor editor NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 296 11 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 1 A a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 2 very very RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 3 special special JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 4 thank thank VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 5 you -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 6 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 7 Professor Professor NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 8 Maria Maria NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 9 Jerskey Jerskey NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 10 at at IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 11 LaGuardia LaGuardia NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 12 Community Community NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 13 College College NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 14 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 15 who who WP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 16 runs run VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 17 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 18 Literacy Literacy NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 19 Brokers Brokers NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 20 writing writing NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 21 group group NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 297 22 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 1 I -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 2 never never RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 3 would would MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 4 have have VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 5 finished finish VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 6 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 7 article article NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 8 without without IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 9 her -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 10 guidance guidance NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 11 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 12 along along IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 13 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 14 other other JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 15 LaGuardia LaGuardia NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 16 colleagues colleague NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 17 who who WP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 18 participate participate VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 19 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 20 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 21 writing writing NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 22 group group NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 298 23 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 1 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 2 particular particular JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 3 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 4 many many JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 5 thanks thank NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 6 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 7 Professors Professors NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 8 Dominique Dominique NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 9 Zino Zino NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 10 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 11 Derek Derek NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 12 Stadler Stadler NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 13 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 14 their -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 15 invaluable invaluable JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 16 feedback feedback NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 17 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 18 multiple multiple JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 19 drafts draft NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 20 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 21 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 22 article article NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 299 23 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 300 1 References References NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 300 2 Abri Abri NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 300 3 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 300 4 M.A. M.A. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 300 5 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 300 6 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 300 7 Dabbagh Dabbagh NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 300 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 300 9 N. N. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 300 10 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 300 11 2018 2018 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 300 12 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 300 13 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 301 1 Open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 301 2 Educational educational JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 301 3 Resources resource NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 301 4 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 301 5 A a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 301 6 Literature Literature NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 301 7 Review Review NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 301 8 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 1 Journal Journal NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 2 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 3 Mason Mason NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 4 Graduate Graduate NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 5 Research Research NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 6 6(1 6(1 NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 7 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 9 83 83 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 10 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 11 104 104 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 12 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 13 doi doi XX www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 14 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 15 https://doi.org/10.13021/G8jmgr.v6i1.2386 https://doi.org/10.13021/G8jmgr.v6i1.2386 NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 302 16 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 1 Accardi Accardi NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 3 M. M. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 5 Drabinski Drabinski NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 7 E. E. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 9 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 10 Kumbier Kumbier NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 11 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 12 A a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 13 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 14 eds eds NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 15 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 303 16 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 304 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 304 2 2010 2010 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 304 3 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 304 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 305 1 Critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 305 2 library library NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 305 3 instruction instruction NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 305 4 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 305 5 Theories theory NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 305 6 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 305 7 methods method NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 305 8 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 306 1 Duluth Duluth NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 306 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 306 3 MN MN NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 306 4 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 306 5 Library Library NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 306 6 Juice Juice NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 306 7 Press Press NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 306 8 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 1 Allen Allen NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 3 G. G. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 5 Guzman Guzman NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 6 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 7 Alvarez Alvarez NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 9 A. A. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 10 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 11 Molinaro Molinaro NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 12 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 13 M. M. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 14 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 15 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 16 Larsen Larsen NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 17 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 18 D. D. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 19 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 20 2015 2015 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 21 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 307 22 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 308 1 Assessing assess VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 308 2 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 308 3 Impact Impact NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 308 4 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 308 5 Efficacy Efficacy NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 308 6 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 308 7 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 308 8 Open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 308 9 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 308 10 Access access NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 308 11 ChemWiki ChemWiki NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 308 12 Textbook Textbook NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 308 13 Project Project NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 308 14 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 309 1 Educause Educause NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 309 2 Learning Learning NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 309 3 Initiative Initiative NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 309 4 Brief Brief NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 309 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 310 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 310 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 310 3 https://library.educause.edu/resources/2015/1/assessing-the-impact-and-efficacy-of-the-openaccess-chemwiki-textbook-project https://library.educause.edu/resources/2015/1/assessing-the-impact-and-efficacy-of-the-openaccess-chemwiki-textbook-project NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 310 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 311 1 American American NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 311 2 Association Association NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 311 3 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 311 4 University University NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 311 5 Professors Professors NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 311 6 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 312 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 312 2 n.d n.d NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 312 3 . . NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 312 4 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 312 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 313 1 Background Background NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 313 2 Facts fact NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 313 3 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 313 4 Contingent Contingent NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 313 5 Faculty Faculty NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 313 6 Positions Positions NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 313 7 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 314 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 314 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 314 3 https://www.aaup.org/issues/contingency/background-facts https://www.aaup.org/issues/contingency/background-fact NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 314 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 1 Bowen Bowen NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 3 W. W. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 4 G. G. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 5 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 6 Chingos Chingos NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 7 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 8 M. M. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 9 M. M. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 10 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 11 Lack Lack NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 12 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 13 K. K. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 14 A. A. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 15 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 16 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 17 Nygren Nygren NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 18 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 19 T. t. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 315 20 I. i. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 316 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 316 2 2012 2012 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 316 3 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 316 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 317 1 Interactive Interactive NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 317 2 Learning Learning NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 317 3 Online online RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 317 4 at at IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 317 5 Public Public NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 317 6 Universities Universities NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 317 7 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 317 8 Evidence evidence NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 317 9 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 317 10 Randomized randomized JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 317 11 Trials trial NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 317 12 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 318 1 Ithaka Ithaka NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 318 2 S+R. S+R. VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 319 1 https://doi.org/10.18665/sr.22464 https://doi.org/10.18665/sr.22464 ADD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 319 2 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 320 1 Brownstein Brownstein NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 320 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 320 3 R. R. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 320 4 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 320 5 2018 2018 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 320 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 320 7 May May NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 320 8 3 3 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 320 9 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 320 10 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 321 1 American American NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 321 2 Higher Higher NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 321 3 Education Education NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 321 4 Hits hit VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 321 5 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 321 6 Dangerous dangerous JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 321 7 Milestone milestone NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 321 8 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 322 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 322 2 Atlantic Atlantic NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 322 3 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 323 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 323 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 323 3 https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2018/05/american-higher-education-hits-a-dangerous-milestone/559457/. https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2018/05/american-higher-education-hits-a-dangerous-milestone/559457/. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 324 1 Bureau Bureau NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 324 2 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 324 3 Labor Labor NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 324 4 Statistics Statistics NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 324 5 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 324 6 U.S. U.S. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 324 7 Department Department NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 324 8 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 324 9 Labor Labor NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 324 10 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 325 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 325 2 2016 2016 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 325 3 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 325 4 August August NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 325 5 30 30 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 325 6 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 325 7 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 326 1 College College NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 326 2 Tuition Tuition NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 326 3 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 326 4 Fees Fees NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 326 5 Increase increase NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 326 6 63 63 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 326 7 Percent percent NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 326 8 Since since IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 326 9 January January NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 326 10 2006 2006 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 326 11 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 327 1 TED TED NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 327 2 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 327 3 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 327 4 Economics Economics NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 327 5 Daily Daily NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 327 6 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 328 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 328 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 328 3 https://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2016/college-tuition-and-fees-increase-63-percent-since-january-2006.htm https://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2016/college-tuition-and-fees-increase-63-percent-since-january-2006.htm ADD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 328 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 1 Colvard Colvard NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 3 N. N. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 5 Watson Watson NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 7 E. E. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 8 C. C. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 9 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 10 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 11 Hyojin Hyojin NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 12 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 13 P. P. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 14 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 15 2018 2018 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 16 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 329 17 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 330 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 330 2 Impact Impact NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 330 3 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 330 4 Open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 330 5 Educational Educational NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 330 6 Resources Resources NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 330 7 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 330 8 Various various JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 330 9 Student Student NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 330 10 Success Success NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 330 11 Metrics Metrics NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 330 12 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 1 International International NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 2 Journal Journal NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 3 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 4 Teaching Teaching NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 5 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 6 Learning Learning NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 7 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 8 Higher Higher NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 9 Education Education NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 10 30(2 30(2 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 11 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 12 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 13 262 262 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 14 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 15 276 276 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 331 16 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 332 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 332 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 332 3 http://www.isetl.org/ijtlhe/pdf/IJTLHE3386.pdf http://www.isetl.org/ijtlhe/pdf/ijtlhe3386.pdf NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 332 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 333 1 Crissinger Crissinger NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 333 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 333 3 S. S. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 333 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 333 5 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 333 6 2015 2015 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 333 7 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 333 8 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 334 1 A a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 334 2 Critical critical JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 334 3 Take take VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 334 4 on on RP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 334 5 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 334 6 Practices Practices NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 334 7 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 334 8 Interrogating Interrogating NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 334 9 Commercialization Commercialization NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 334 10 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 334 11 Colonialism Colonialism NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 334 12 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 334 13 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 334 14 Content Content NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 334 15 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 335 1 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 335 2 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 335 3 Library Library NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 335 4 With with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 335 5 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 335 6 Lead lead NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 335 7 Pipe pipe NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 335 8 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 336 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 336 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 336 3 http://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/2015/a-critical-take-on-oer-practices-interrogating-commercialization-colonialism-and-content/. http://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/2015/a-critical-take-on-oer-practices-interrogating-commercialization-colonialism-and-content/. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 337 1 Downes downe NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 337 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 337 3 J. J. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 338 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 338 2 2017 2017 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 338 3 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 338 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 339 1 If if IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 339 2 We -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 339 3 Talked talk VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 339 4 About about IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 339 5 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 339 6 Internet internet NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 339 7 Like like UH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 339 8 We -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 339 9 Talk talk VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 339 10 About about IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 339 11 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 339 12 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 340 1 Half half PDT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 340 2 an an DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 340 3 Hour hour NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 340 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 341 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 341 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 341 3 https://halfanhour.blogspot.com/2017/11/if-we-talked-about-internet-like-we.html https://halfanhour.blogspot.com/2017/11/if-we-talked-about-internet-like-we.html NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 341 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 342 1 Farrow Farrow NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 342 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 342 3 R. R. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 342 4 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 342 5 2017 2017 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 342 6 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 342 7 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 343 1 Open Open NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 343 2 Education Education NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 343 3 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 343 4 Critical Critical NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 343 5 Pedagogy Pedagogy NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 343 6 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 344 1 Learning learning NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 344 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 344 3 Media Media NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 344 4 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 344 5 Technology Technology NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 344 6 42 42 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 344 7 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 344 8 130 130 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 344 9 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 344 10 146 146 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 344 11 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 344 12 http://oro.open.ac.uk/id/eprint/46662 http://oro.open.ac.uk/id/eprint/46662 NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 344 13 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 1 Feldstein Feldstein NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 3 A. a. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 4 Martin Martin NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 5 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 6 M. M. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 7 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 8 Hudson Hudson NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 9 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 10 A. A. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 11 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 12 Warren Warren NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 13 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 14 K. K. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 15 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 16 Hilton Hilton NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 17 III III NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 18 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 19 J. J. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 20 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 21 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 22 Wiley Wiley NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 23 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 24 D. D. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 25 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 26 2012 2012 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 27 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 345 28 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 346 1 Open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 346 2 Textbooks Textbooks NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 346 3 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 346 4 Increased increase VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 346 5 Student Student NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 346 6 Access Access NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 346 7 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 346 8 Outcomes Outcomes NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 346 9 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 347 1 European European NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 347 2 Journal Journal NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 347 3 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 347 4 Open Open NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 347 5 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 347 6 Distance Distance NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 347 7 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 347 8 E E NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 347 9 - - HYPH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 347 10 Learning Learning NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 347 11 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 347 12 2 2 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 347 13 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 348 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 348 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 348 3 https://www.eurodl.org/. https://www.eurodl.org/. NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 1 Fischer Fischer NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 3 L. L. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 5 Hilton Hilton NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 7 J. J. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 9 Robinson Robinson NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 10 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 11 T.J. T.J. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 12 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 13 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 14 Wiley Wiley NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 15 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 16 D. D. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 17 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 18 2015 2015 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 19 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 349 20 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 1 A a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 2 Multi multi JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 3 - - JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 4 institutional institutional JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 5 Study Study NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 6 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 7 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 8 Impact Impact NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 9 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 10 Open Open NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 11 Textbook Textbook NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 12 Adoption Adoption NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 13 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 14 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 15 Learning Learning NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 16 Outcomes Outcomes NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 17 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 18 Post post JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 19 - - JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 20 secondary secondary JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 21 Students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 350 22 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 351 1 Journal Journal NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 351 2 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 351 3 Computing Computing NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 351 4 Higher Higher NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 351 5 Education Education NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 351 6 27(3 27(3 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 351 7 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 351 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 351 9 159 159 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 351 10 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 351 11 172 172 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 351 12 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 351 13 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12528-015-9101-x https://doi.org/10.1007/s12528-015-9101-x NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 351 14 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 352 1 Florida Florida NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 352 2 Virtual Virtual NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 352 3 Campus Campus NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 352 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 353 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 353 2 2019 2019 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 353 3 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 353 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 354 1 2018 2018 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 354 2 Florida Florida NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 354 3 Student Student NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 354 4 Textbook Textbook NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 354 5 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 354 6 Course Course NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 354 7 Material Material NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 354 8 Survey Survey NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 354 9 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 354 10 Results result NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 354 11 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 354 12 Findings finding NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 354 13 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 355 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 355 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 355 3 https://dlss.flvc.org/colleges-and-universities/research/textbooks https://dlss.flvc.org/colleges-and-universities/research/textbook NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 355 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 1 Goodwin Goodwin NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 3 M. M. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 4 A. a. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 5 L. L. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 6 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 7 2011 2011 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 8 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 9 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 10 Open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 11 Course course NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 12 Library Library NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 13 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 14 Using use VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 15 Open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 16 Education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 17 Resources Resources NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 18 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 19 Improve improve VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 20 Community Community NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 21 College College NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 22 Access Access NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 356 23 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 357 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 357 2 Unpublished unpublished JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 357 3 doctoral doctoral JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 357 4 dissertation dissertation NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 357 5 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 357 6 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 358 1 Pullman pullman NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 358 2 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 358 3 Washington Washington NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 358 4 State State NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 358 5 University University NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 358 6 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 359 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 359 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 359 3 http://hdl.handle.ne/2376/3497 http://hdl.handle.ne/2376/3497 NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 359 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 1 Hendricks Hendricks NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 3 C. C. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 5 Reinsberg Reinsberg NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 7 S. S. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 9 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 10 Rieger Rieger NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 11 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 12 G. G. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 13 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 14 2017 2017 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 15 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 360 16 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 2 Adoption Adoption NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 3 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 4 an an DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 5 Open Open NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 6 Textbook Textbook NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 7 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 8 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 9 Large large JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 10 Physics physics NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 11 Course course NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 12 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 13 An an DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 14 Analysis Analysis NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 15 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 16 Cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 17 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 18 Outcomes Outcomes NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 19 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 20 Use Use NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 21 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 22 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 23 Perceptions perception NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 361 24 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 2 International International NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 3 Review Review NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 4 Of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 5 Research Research NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 6 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 7 Open Open NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 8 And and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 9 Distributed distribute VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 10 Learning Learning NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 11 18(4 18(4 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 12 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 13 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 14 78 78 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 15 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 16 99 99 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 17 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 18 http://dx.doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v18i4.3006 http://dx.doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v18i4.3006 NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 362 19 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 1 Hilton Hilton NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 2 III III NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 3 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 4 J. J. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 5 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 6 Fischer Fischer NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 7 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 8 L. L. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 9 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 10 Wiley Wiley NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 11 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 12 D. D. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 13 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 14 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 15 William William NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 16 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 17 L. L. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 18 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 19 2016 2016 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 20 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 363 21 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 364 1 Maintaining maintain VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 364 2 Momentum Momentum NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 364 3 Toward toward IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 364 4 Graduation Graduation NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 364 5 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 364 6 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 364 7 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 364 8 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 364 9 Course Course NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 364 10 Throughput Throughput NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 364 11 Rate rate NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 364 12 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 2 International International NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 3 Review Review NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 4 Of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 5 Research Research NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 6 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 7 Open Open NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 8 And and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 9 Distributed distribute VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 10 Learning Learning NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 11 17(6 17(6 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 12 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 13 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 14 18 18 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 15 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 16 27 27 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 17 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 18 http://dx.doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v17i6.2686 http://dx.doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v17i6.2686 UH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 365 19 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 366 1 Hilton Hilton NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 366 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 366 3 J. J. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 367 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 367 2 2019 2019 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 367 3 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 367 4 August August NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 367 5 6 6 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 367 6 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 367 7 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 1 Open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 2 Educational Educational NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 3 Resources Resources NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 5 Student Student NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 6 Efficacy Efficacy NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 7 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 8 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 9 User User NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 10 Perceptions Perceptions NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 11 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 12 A a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 13 Synthesis Synthesis NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 14 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 15 Research Research NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 16 Published publish VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 17 Between between IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 18 2015 2015 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 19 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 20 2018 2018 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 368 21 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 369 1 Educational Educational NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 369 2 Technology Technology NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 369 3 Research Research NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 369 4 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 369 5 Development Development NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 369 6 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 370 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-019-09700-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-019-09700-4 NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 370 2 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 371 1 Johnson Johnson NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 371 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 371 3 D. D. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 371 4 M. M. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 371 5 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 371 6 2019 2019 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 371 7 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 371 8 September September NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 371 9 23 23 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 371 10 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 371 11 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 372 1 What what WP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 372 2 Will Will MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 372 3 It -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 372 4 Take take VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 372 5 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 372 6 Solve solve VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 372 7 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 372 8 Student Student NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 372 9 Debt debt NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 372 10 Crisis crisis NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 372 11 ? ? . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 373 1 Harvard Harvard NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 373 2 Business Business NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 373 3 Review Review NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 373 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 374 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 374 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 374 3 https://hbr.org/. https://hbr.org/. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 375 1 Lambert Lambert NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 375 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 375 3 S. S. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 375 4 R. R. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 375 5 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 375 6 2018 2018 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 375 7 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 375 8 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 376 1 Changing change VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 376 2 Our -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 376 3 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 376 4 Dis)Course Dis)Course NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 376 5 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 376 6 A A NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 376 7 Distinctive Distinctive NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 376 8 Social Social NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 376 9 Justice Justice NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 376 10 Aligned align VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 376 11 Definition Definition NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 376 12 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 376 13 Open Open NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 376 14 Education Education NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 376 15 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 377 1 Journal Journal NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 377 2 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 377 3 Learning learn VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 377 4 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 377 5 Development Development NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 377 6 5(3 5(3 NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 377 7 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 377 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 377 9 225 225 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 377 10 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 377 11 244 244 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 377 12 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 378 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 378 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 378 3 https://jl4d.org/index.php/ejl4d/article/view/290/334 https://jl4d.org/index.php/ejl4d/article/view/290/334 NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 378 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 379 1 Paulsen Paulsen NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 379 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 379 3 M. M. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 379 4 B. B. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 379 5 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 379 6 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 379 7 St. St. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 379 8 John John NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 379 9 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 379 10 E. E. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 379 11 P. P. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 379 12 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 379 13 2002 2002 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 379 14 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 379 15 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 1 Social Social NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 2 Class Class NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 3 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 4 College College NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 5 Costs Costs NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 6 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 7 Examining examine VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 8 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 9 Financial Financial NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 10 Nexus Nexus NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 11 Between Between NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 12 College College NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 13 Choice Choice NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 14 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 15 Persistence Persistence NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 380 16 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 381 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 381 2 Journal Journal NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 381 3 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 381 4 Higher Higher NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 381 5 Education Education NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 381 6 73(2 73(2 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 381 7 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 381 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 381 9 189–236 189–236 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 381 10 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 382 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/00221546.2002.11777141 https://doi.org/10.1080/00221546.2002.11777141 NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 382 2 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 1 Pawlyshyn Pawlyshyn NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 3 N. N. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 5 Braddlee Braddlee NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 7 D. D. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 8 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 9 Casper Casper NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 10 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 11 L. L. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 12 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 13 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 14 Miller Miller NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 15 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 16 H. H. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 17 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 18 2013 2013 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 19 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 20 November November NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 21 4 4 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 22 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 383 23 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 384 1 Adopting adopt VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 384 2 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 384 3 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 384 4 A a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 384 5 Case Case NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 384 6 Study Study NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 384 7 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 384 8 Cross cross JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 384 9 - - JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 384 10 institutional institutional JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 384 11 Collaboration Collaboration NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 384 12 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 384 13 Innovation Innovation NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 384 14 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 385 1 Educause Educause NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 385 2 Review Review NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 385 3 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 386 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 386 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 386 3 http://er.educause.edu/articles/2013/11/adopting-oer-a-case-study-of-crossinstitutional-collaboration-and-innovation http://er.educause.edu/articles/2013/11/adopting-oer-a-case-study-of-crossinstitutional-collaboration-and-innovation NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 386 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 387 1 Sagor Sagor NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 387 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 387 3 R. R. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 387 4 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 387 5 2000 2000 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 387 6 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 387 7 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 388 1 What what WP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 388 2 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 388 3 Action Action NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 388 4 Research Research NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 388 5 ? ? . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 389 1 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 389 2 R. R. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 389 3 Sagor Sagor NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 389 4 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 389 5 author author NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 389 6 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 389 7 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 389 8 Guiding Guiding NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 389 9 School School NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 389 10 Improvement Improvement NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 389 11 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 389 12 Action Action NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 389 13 Research Research NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 389 14 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 390 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 390 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 390 3 http://www.ascd.org/publications/books/100047/chapters/What-Is-Action-Research%C2%A2.aspx http://www.ascd.org/publications/books/100047/chapters/What-Is-Action-Research%C2%A2.aspx NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 390 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 391 1 Senack Senack NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 391 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 391 3 E. E. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 391 4 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 391 5 2014 2014 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 391 6 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 391 7 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 1 Fixing fix VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 2 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 3 Broken Broken NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 4 Textbook Textbook NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 5 Market Market NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 6 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 7 How how WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 8 Students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 9 Respond Respond NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 10 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 11 High High NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 12 Textbook Textbook NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 13 Costs Costs NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 14 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 15 Demand Demand NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 16 Alternatives alternative NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 392 17 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 393 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 393 2 Student Student NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 393 3 Public Public NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 393 4 Interest Interest NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 393 5 Research Research NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 393 6 Groups Groups NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 393 7 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 394 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 394 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 394 3 https://uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market https://uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 394 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 395 1 Senack Senack NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 395 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 395 3 E. E. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 395 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 395 5 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 395 6 Donoghue Donoghue NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 395 7 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 395 8 R. R. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 395 9 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 395 10 2016 2016 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 395 11 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 395 12 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 1 Covering cover VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 2 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 3 Cost cost NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 4 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 5 Why why WRB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 6 We -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 7 Can Can MD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 8 No no RB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 9 Longer long RBR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 10 Afford afford VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 11 to to TO www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 12 Ignore Ignore NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 13 High High NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 14 Textbook Textbook NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 15 Prices Prices NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 396 16 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 397 1 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 397 2 Student Student NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 397 3 Public Public NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 397 4 Interest Interest NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 397 5 Research Research NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 397 6 Groups Groups NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 397 7 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 398 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 398 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 398 3 https://studentpirgs.org/2016/02/03/covering-cost/. https://studentpirgs.org/2016/02/03/covering-cost/. ADD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 399 1 State State NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 399 2 Higher Higher NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 399 3 Education Education NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 399 4 Executive Executive NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 399 5 Officers Officers NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 399 6 Association Association NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 399 7 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 400 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 400 2 2018 2018 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 400 3 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 400 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 401 1 State State NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 401 2 Higher Higher NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 401 3 Education Education NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 401 4 Finance Finance NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 401 5 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 401 6 SHEF SHEF NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 401 7 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 401 8 Fiscal Fiscal NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 401 9 Year Year NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 401 10 2017 2017 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 401 11 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 402 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 402 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 402 3 https://sheeomain.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/SHEEO_SHEF_FY2017_FINAL-1.pdf https://sheeomain.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/SHEEO_SHEF_FY2017_FINAL-1.pdf NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 402 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 403 1 UNESCO UNESCO NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 403 2 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 404 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 404 2 2002 2002 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 404 3 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 404 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 1 Forum forum NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 2 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 3 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 4 Impact Impact NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 5 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 6 Open Open NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 7 Courseware Courseware NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 8 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 9 Higher high JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 10 Education Education NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 11 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 12 Developing Developing NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 13 Countries Countries NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 14 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 15 Final final JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 16 report report NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 405 17 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 406 1 Paris Paris NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 406 2 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 407 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 407 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 407 3 http://www.unesco.org:80/iiep/eng/focus/opensrc/PDF/OERForumFinalReport.pdf http://www.unesco.org:80/iiep/eng/focus/opensrc/PDF/OERForumFinalReport.pdf NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 407 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 408 1 UNESCO UNESCO NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 408 2 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 409 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 409 2 2012 2012 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 409 3 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 409 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 410 1 2012 2012 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 410 2 Paris Paris NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 410 3 OER OER NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 410 4 Declaration Declaration NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 410 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 411 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 411 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 411 3 http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/WPFD2009/English_Declaration.html http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/WPFD2009/English_Declaration.html NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 411 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 412 1 U.S. U.S. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 412 2 Government Government NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 412 3 Accountability Accountability NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 412 4 Office Office NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 412 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 413 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 413 2 2013 2013 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 413 3 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 413 4 June June NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 413 5 6 6 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 413 6 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 413 7 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 1 College College NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 2 Textbooks Textbooks NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 3 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 4 Students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 5 Have have VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 6 Greater great JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 7 Access Access NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 8 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 9 Textbook Textbook NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 10 Information Information NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 11 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 12 GAO-13 GAO-13 NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 13 - - : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 14 368 368 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 15 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 414 16 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 415 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 415 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 415 3 https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-13-368 https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-13-368 NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 415 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 416 1 Watters Watters NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 416 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 416 3 A. a. NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 417 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 417 2 2014 2014 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 417 3 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 417 4 August August NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 417 5 16 16 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 417 6 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 417 7 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 418 1 From from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 418 2 “ " `` www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 418 3 Open open VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 418 4 ” " '' www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 418 5 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 418 6 Justice Justice NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 418 7 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 419 1 Hack Hack NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 419 2 Education Education NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 419 3 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 420 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 420 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 420 3 http://hackeducation.com/2014/11/16/from-open-to-justice http://hackeducation.com/2014/11/16/from-open-to-justice NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 420 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 421 1 Wiley Wiley NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 421 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 421 3 David David NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 421 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 422 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 422 2 2007 2007 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 422 3 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 422 4 August August NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 422 5 8) 8) CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 422 6 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 423 1 Open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 423 2 Education Education NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 423 3 License License NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 423 4 Draft Draft NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 423 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 424 1 Iterating iterate VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 424 2 Toward toward IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 424 3 Openness Openness NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 424 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 425 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 425 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 425 3 https://opencontent.org/blog/archives/355 https://opencontent.org/blog/archives/355 NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 425 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 426 1 Wiley Wiley NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 426 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 426 3 D. D. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 426 4 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 426 5 2017 2017 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 426 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 426 7 November November NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 426 8 8) 8) CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 426 9 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 1 If if IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 2 We -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 3 Talked talk VBD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 4 About about IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 5 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 6 Internet internet NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 7 Like like UH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 8 We -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 9 Talk talk VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 10 About about IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 11 OER oer NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 12 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 13 The the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 14 Cost Cost NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 15 Trap Trap NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 16 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 17 Inclusive Inclusive NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 18 Access Access NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 427 19 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 428 1 Iterating iterate VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 428 2 Toward toward IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 428 3 Openness Openness NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 428 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 429 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 429 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 429 3 https://opencontent.org/blog/archives/5219 https://opencontent.org/blog/archives/5219 NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 429 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 430 1 Wiley Wiley NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 430 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 430 3 D. D. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 430 4 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 430 5 2017 2017 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 430 6 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 430 7 November November NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 430 8 13 13 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 430 9 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 430 10 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 431 1 More More JJR www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 431 2 on on IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 431 3 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 431 4 Cost Cost NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 431 5 Trap Trap NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 431 6 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 431 7 Inclusive Inclusive NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 431 8 Access Access NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 431 9 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 432 1 Iterating iterate VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 432 2 Toward toward IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 432 3 Openness Openness NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 432 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 433 1 https://opencontent.org/blog/archives/5244 https://opencontent.org/blog/archives/5244 UH www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 433 2 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 434 1 William William NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 434 2 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 434 3 Flora Flora NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 434 4 Hewlett Hewlett NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 434 5 Foundation Foundation NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 434 6 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 435 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 435 2 2020 2020 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 435 3 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 435 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 436 1 Hewlett Hewlett NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 436 2 Foundation Foundation NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 436 3 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 436 4 Grants grant NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 436 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 437 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 437 2 from from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 437 3 https://hewlett.org/grants/?sort=date&grant_strategies=31557¤t_page=1 https://hewlett.org/grants/?sort=date&grant_strategies=31557¤t_page=1 NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 437 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 438 1 Winn Winn NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 438 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 438 3 J. J. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 439 1 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 439 2 2012 2012 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 439 3 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 439 4 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 440 1 Open open JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 440 2 Education education NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 440 3 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 440 4 From from IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 440 5 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 440 6 Freedom Freedom NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 440 7 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 440 8 Things thing NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 440 9 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 440 10 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 440 11 Freedom Freedom NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 440 12 of of IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 440 13 People People NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 440 14 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 441 1 In in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 441 2 M. M. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 441 3 Neary Neary NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 441 4 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 441 5 H. H. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 441 6 Stevenson Stevenson NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 441 7 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 441 8 & & CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 441 9 L. L. NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 441 10 Bell Bell NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 441 11 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 441 12 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 441 13 Eds Eds NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 441 14 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 442 1 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 442 2 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 442 3 Towards towards IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 442 4 Teaching Teaching NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 442 5 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 442 6 Public public NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 442 7 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 442 8 Reshaping reshape VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 442 9 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 442 10 Modern Modern NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 442 11 University University NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 442 12 ( ( -LRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 442 13 pp pp NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 442 14 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 443 1 133 133 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 443 2 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 443 3 147 147 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 443 4 ) ) -RRB- www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 443 5 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 444 1 London London NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 444 2 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 444 3 Continuum Continuum NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 444 4 International International NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 444 5 Publishing Publishing NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 444 6 Group Group NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 444 7 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 1 Teaching teach VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 2 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 3 Care Care NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 4 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 5 A a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 6 Relational Relational NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 7 Approach Approach NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 8 to to IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 9 Individual Individual NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 10 Research Research NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 11 Consultations Consultations NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 12 Communicating communicate VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 13 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 14 Information information NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 15 : : : www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 16 Creating create VBG www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 17 Inclusive inclusive JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 18 Learning learning NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 19 Environments environment NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 20 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 21 Students student NNS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 22 with with IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 23 ASD ASD NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 24 Leave Leave NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 25 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 26 Reply Reply NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 27 Cancel Cancel NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 28 Reply Reply NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 29 Save save VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 30 my -PRON- PRP$ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 31 name name NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 32 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 33 email email NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 34 , , , www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 35 and and CC www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 36 website website NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 37 in in IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 38 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 39 browser browser NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 40 for for IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 41 the the DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 42 next next JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 43 time time NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 44 I -PRON- PRP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 45 comment comment VBP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 445 46 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 1 Current current JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 2 ye@r ye@r NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 3 * * NFP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 4 Leave leave VB www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 5 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 6 field field NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 7 empty empty JJ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 8 This this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 9 work work NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 10 is be VBZ www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 11 licensed license VBN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 12 under under IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 13 a a DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 14 CC cc NN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 15 Attribution Attribution NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 16 4.0 4.0 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 17 License License NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 446 18 . . . www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 447 1 ISSN ISSN NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 447 2 1944 1944 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 447 3 - - SYM www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 447 4 6195 6195 CD www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 447 5 About about IN www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 447 6 this this DT www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 447 7 Journal Journal NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 447 8 | | NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 447 9 Archives Archives NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 447 10 | | NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 447 11 Submissions Submissions NNPS www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 447 12 | | NNP www-inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe-org-2669 447 13 Conduct Conduct NNP