The National Archives and
Records Service, GSA

in cooperation with the
Library of Congress

Announces two offerings during 1977-78 of

THE INSTITUTE:
INTRODUCTION TO MODERN
ARCHIVES ADMINISTRATION

October 31-November 11, 1977
J u n e 5-16, 1978

For information and application forms, write

Modern Archives Institute (NNHP)
National Archives and Records Service, GSA
Washington, DC 20408

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clothe
artiste

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In Billings, Montana, it's a
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The two-story brick
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in
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Before all the historic and
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bringing them hack to life with
imaginative, adaptive uses.
That's what historic
presen ation is all about

For more information, write: National Trust for Historic Preservation,
Department 0609, 740 Jackson Place, NW, Washington, DC 20006.

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for people who know
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Paige Boxes are for professionals,
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MODERN ARCHIVES
AND
MANUSCRIPTS:,
A SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY ° fi/f6.

COMPILED /o°^'Sj'e4°'V '*&

K A N K B. EVANS , ^ ^ ^ ^
Published by .J°s A , ' ^ ' o j ^ %(>,
The Society of American Archivists /^9/'*%"</'«i,o««-%,"*•»<//, OJV

\

•

Portions of the table of contents are reproduced above. A revision of Evans' earlier guide,
this comprehensive work is published in a new format with many new entries, including
new chapters on machine-readable records and archives, and chapters on international
aspects of archives. Additional chapter subheadings, the expanded subject index, and the
new and separate author index facilitate the use of this expanded guide. Softbound. $8.00
SAA members, $11 others. Add $1 postage and handling charge on orders under $10 not
prepaid.

SOCIETY OF AMERICAN ARCHIVISTS
PO Box 8198, University of Illinois at Chicago Circle, Chicago, Illinois 60680

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Technical Notes

Film Recovery of Some Deteriorated
Black and White Negatives

by JAMES L. GEAR, ROBERT H. MacCLAREN, and MARY McKIEL

Samples of deteriorated black and white negatives were submitted to the
Preservation Services Laboratory for examination. A typical negative had wrinkled
emulsion and backing layers, and some were riddled with tiny bubbles. Two
procedures were developed by which an emulsion could be recovered from the
support and subbing and smoothed onto a fresh, thin mylar film base. Satisfactory
duplicate negatives were obtained from the recovered emulsion layer.

In September 1976, the Preservation Services Laboratory of the National Archives
and Records Service received (for examination) samples of deteriorated 4 x 5 inch
black and white negatives-. Figure 1 is a typical example of such a negative. All of the
negatives had at least some wrinkling on the emulsion side and on the back, or
antihalation, side. In the worst cases, the negatives were entirely covered with
wrinkles on both sides and the emulsion layers were brittle and cracked. Other
evidences of deterioration were yellow stains along the edges and wrinkled areas,
and in some cases a dotted-Swiss pattern of bubbles on or under the emulsion.

Scraping bits of wrinkled emulsion and backing layers from a few negatives
revealed in each case that the polymer film support, which is adhered by a subbing
material on one side to the emulsion and on the other side to the backing, was itself
not wrinkled. However, the support did show some random buckling or stress. A
sample of the negatives was measured using a steel ruler engraved in 1/64 inch
markings. Assuming the original size of the negatives to have been a standard 4" x
5", measurements indicated about 9 percent area shrinkage, possibly due to the loss
of plasticizers. The bumpy surface of the film support may be a consequence of this
shrinkage. Wrinkles in the emulsion and backing appeared to result from non-
uniform adhesive failure of the subbing layers.

A full-scale investigation into the nature and causes of this deterioration has not
been undertaken at this time. However, preliminary tests indicated that, while
repair of the entire original negative was not feasible, it was possible to recover the
image-carrying emulsion and from it to produce a satisfactory duplicate negative.

Although we were satisfied that the emulsions could be separated from the base
support by a single solvent such as acetone, the method was not totally satisfactory.
We subsequently sent samples to Eastman Kodak Company for evaluation and
advice based on any experience they had acquired in this area. Kodak did provide
suggestions for removal, involving solvents and ultrasonics, and remounting on a
new substrate. However, it became evident that modification of our original single
solvent system and those suggested by Kodak was required.

Two recovery procedures were developed based on the extent to which the
emulsion was wrinkled and cracked. For the least severely deteriorated negatives it

The authors are all members of the Preservation Services Division of the National Archives and Records
Service, of which James L. Gear is director.

Readers are encouraged to send contributions to this department and should address them to Clark W.
Nelson, Archivist, Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55901.

The American Archivist Vol. 40, No. 3 July 1977 363

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364 THE AMERICAN ARCHIVIST—July 1977

was sufficient to soak them in a solution of 10 percent water, 40 percent methanol,
and 50 percent acetone at room temperature for fifteen to sixty minutes.* In most
cases the emulsion floated free from the base and subbing.

In some instances the emulsion remained adhered to the other layers at the edges
and had to be loosened mechanically. The mechanical separation was done with a
thin laboratory spatula, or knife, while the negative was still in the bath. The
gelatinous emulsion, swollen in solution, stretches and tears easily so that extreme
care must be exercised when handling it. Cutting the edges of the negative 1/16 inch
before soaking eliminated the need for mechanical separation, but had the
disadvantage of sacrificing a small portion of the image area.

Once the emulsion was freed, it was transferred wet to a sheet of 0.004 inch thick
mylar film and eased into shape. Curled edges were flattened somewhat and torn
places meshed gently together. Keeping both mylar film and emulsion wet, a sec-
ond sheet of mylar film was placed on top of the emulsion. The "sandwich" was
rolled with a rubber roller or hand-pressed to flatten the emulsion further and
remove any bubbles.

Duplicate negatives were made as soon as possible. If allowed to dry beyond thirty
to forty-five minutes, the emulsion tended to separate from the mylar film.

Badly wrinkled negatives were treated somewhat differently. Each of these nega-
tives first was soaked in tepid water (25°-28°C) for three to five minutes. Both the
emulsion and support swelled in the water, but at different rates, and temperature
and time had to be carefully monitored. If a negative was soaked too long or in water
too warm, the emulsion became flimsy and shredded very easily. When properly
swollen the negative was quickly transferred to a solution of 55 percent acetone and
45 percent methanol (no water), and allowed to soak for three to five minutes. In the
acetone-methanol mixture, the emulsion shrank or stiffened more quickly than the
subbing and support, and usually floated free or could easily be separated. The freed
emulsion was then transferred to mylar sheets as previously described.

Sometimes a pinkish color developed in the methanol-acetone solution. It
appeared that this coloration was due to something in the subbing layer between the
emulsion and support. In these cases the subbing was difficult to remove from the
emulsion even after the support had been freed. After transfer to a fresh acetone-
methanol bath, the subbing was carefully scraped from the underside of the
emulsion. If allowed to dry on the emulsion, the pink substance turned white and
opaque (showing reticulation), causing clouds in the duplicate negative. Pinkish
solutions were discarded, whereas uncontaminated baths could be used several
times. Figures 2 and 3 are prints before treatment and after treatment.

The two procedures described above for recovering emulsions from deteriorated
films were generally effective in producing good quality duplicate negatives. Tears
or cracks in the emulsions were meshed together and wrinkled areas flattened out.
Stains which appeared to be concentrated in the support were sometimes still
present in the emulsion after soaking and caused dark areas to show up on the
duplicate negative. The bubbles disappeared after the methanol-acetone soak.

Once the technique for handling the wet emulsions has been acquired, a minimal
amount of time is necessary to recover and duplicate a deteriorated negative. The
first procedure especially requires very little work time. Negatives can be left to soak
overnight without damage as long as the solution does not evaporate.
•Acetone and methanol are highly dangerous chemicals, when improperly used. Acetone is extremely
flammable and methanol vapors are poisonous if inhaled. Adequate provisions for ventilation and
protection from open flames are necessary in the procedures described in this paper.

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TECHNICAL NOTES 365

Equipment and chemicals, listed below, are relatively inexpensive. Proper
ventilation must be used when working with methanol and acetone as the fumes
can be hazardous. It is desirable, also, to work with surgical or tight-fitting vinyl
gloves.

Film products vary in composition, thus one should experiment first with an
expendable negative. Most negatives can be salvaged using the above procedure, but
for some it may be necessary to add a gel hardener to the soaking solution.

Figure 1. Typical example of a deteriorated negative.

PROCEDURE OUTLINE

I. For less severely deteriorated negatives:
A. Soak negatives in solution of 10 percent water, 40 percent methanol, and 50

percent acetone at room temperature for fifteen to sixty minutes, until
emulsion loosens.

B. Mechanically separate emulsion at edges if necessary.
C. Immediately transfer emulsion to a sheet of solution-wet mylar 0.004" thick.

Smooth out edges and gently mesh torn areas.
D. Place second sheet of 0.004" thick mylar film on top of emulsion. Roll or

press "sandwich" to flatten wrinkle areas further and remove bubbles.
E. As soon as possible, and definitely within thirty to forty-five minutes, make

contact duplicate negative from emulsion-mylar sandwich.
II. For badly wrinkled negatives:

A. Soak negative in bath of warm water (25°-28°C) for three to five minutes.
B. Immediately transfer negative to bath of 45 percent methanol and 55 per-

cent acetone. Allow to soak for three to five minutes. If the emulsion has not

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366 THE AMERICAN ARCHIVIST—July 1977

separated from base and subbing, mechanical separation is preferable to a
prolonged soak.

C. If a pink color develops in the methanol-acetone bath, transfer emulsion to
fresh solution and gently scrape remaining subbing from under-side of
emulsion. Do not allow subbing to dry on emulsion.

D. Continue procedures described above in I,C to I.E.

EQUIPMENT AND MA TERIALS

Trays or pans for soaking—approximately 7" x 9" x 1"—Flat, thin spatula or
blade—

Mylar sheets - cut about 1/2 inch larger than original film; 0.004 inch thick
suggested—

Rubber brayer—
Paper towels—
Surgical gloves—

CHEMICALS

Acetone, commercial or reagent grade—
Methanol—

Figure 2a. Print of negative before treatment.

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TECHNICAL NOTES 367

Figure 2b. After treatment—print from direct duplicating negative.

Figure 3a. Print of negative before treatment.

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368 THE AMERICAN ARCHIVIST—July 1977

Figure 3b. After treatment—
print from direct duplicating negative.

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One is

Soon after Information Design's microfilm reader was intro-
duced in 1973, it was rated "best" in side-by-side tests with
virtually every 35mm roll film viewer in use. It's still the easiest
reader for patrons to use. And it's still the only reader that
offers you all of these advantages: a big 24" screen that pro-
jects an entire newspaper page; an automatic film gate that
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rotation.

Since 1973, we've made dozens of engineering modifications
to improve the I.D. 201's performance and ease of operation.
Prove it to yourself—the big one's still the best and better
than ever!

For a copy of the study entitled "User Evaluations of Micro-
film Readers," or to arrange a demonstration of the Model
201-1 Microfilm Reader, write to Information Design, Inc.,
3247 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025. Or telephone
(415)369-2962.

INFORMATION DESIGN, INC.

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News Notes

THOMAS E. WEIR, JR., Editor

The several sections of the News Notes
Department include brief reports of events,
new programs, publications, education
and training opportunities, accessions and
openings, historical editing projects, and
other news of professional interest to
members of the Society.

The reporters listed below have fur-
nished much of the information for this
department. In addition, News Notes have
been extracted from publicity releases and
newsletters sent to the American Archivist
and to the National Archives Library. More
current information about training op-
portunities, professional meetings, and
legislation can be found in the SAA News-
letter.

The success of News Notes is propor-
tional to the cooperation and assistance
received from members and institutions.
These are therefore urged to send
information for publication direct to the

Editor, American Archivist, National
Archives Building, Washington, D.C.
20408, or to one of the following reporters:
news of State and Local Archives to Julian
L. Mims, South Carolina Department of
Archives and History, Box 11669, Capitol
Station, Columbia, S.C. 29211; news of
Manuscript Repositories to Carolyn H.
Sung, Manuscript Division, Library of
Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540; news
of Scientific and Technological Archives to
Maynard J. Brichford, University Archi-
vist, University of Illinois at Urbana-
Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; news
of Religious Archives to F. Donald Yost,
General Conference of Seventh-day
Adventists, 6840 Eastern Avenue, Wash-
ington, D.C. 20012; and news of Regional
and State Archival Associations to Alice M.
Vestal, Special Collections Department,
Main Library, Room 610, University of
Cincinnati, Ohio 45221.

The office for History of Science and
Technology at the University of Califor-
nia, Berkeley is surveying unpublished
sources in the history of physics. Of partic-
ular interest are records and manuscripts
documenting contact between physicists
and intellectuals in other disciplines. As a
first step in this cooperative project, the
Center for the History of Physics is seeking
information about records in physics and
astronomy departments and laboratories in
North America that are not part of an
archival deposit. This will be followed by a
survey of material already under the con-
trol of archives or manuscript repositories.

The Case Western Reserve University
Archives sponsored its 8th Annual College
and University Archives Workshop June
12 to 17, 1977. The workshop, which
offered both introductory and advanced
sessions, was attended by thirty-five archi-
vists from the United States and Canada.
Lecturers for the introductory sessions
included Philip Mason, Wayne State Uni-

versity; Maxine Clapp, University of Min-
nesota; William Bigglestone, Oberlin Col-
lege; and Kermit Pike, Western Reserve
Historical Society. The lecturers for the
advanced sessions included Robert
Warner, University of Michigan; Larry
Hackman, NHPRC; Eugene Ostroff,
Smithsonian Institution; and William
Rofes, IBM Corporation. Plans for the 9th
Annual College and University Archives
Workshop to be held in June 1978 are
underway.

• Narratives of ex-slaves and the children
of slaves, compiled by the WPA Federal
Writers Project between 1936 and 1941, and
stored principally at the Archive of Folk
Song in the Library of Congress, are being
organized and annotated by a professor of
the University of the District of Columbia
and a professor from Southern Illinois
University. It is hoped that the material in
the library will be made more accessible to
scholars and that missing material can be
found in the library or other repositories.

The American Archivist Vol. 40, No. 3 July 1977

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384 THE AMERICAN ARCHIVIST—July 1977

SAA member Norman J. Shaffer has
been appointed national preservation pro-
gram officer at the Library of Congress.
Shaffer will be responsible for the plan-
ning, organization, development, and
management of a broad-based, national
program for the preservation of library and
archival materials.

The Mac Arthur Memorial, Norfolk, Vir-
ginia, will sponsor the third symposium of
a series begun in November 1975 on the
occupation of Japan. The next session, to
be held April 13-15, 1978, will explore the
topic of economic policy and reform.

Helen W. Slotkin, former head of the
Special Collections Department of the
University of Cincinnati Libraries, has
been appointed institute archivist for the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

The Montana Historical Society has
begun preparation of a statewide guide to
historical records.

The William Lloyd Garrison Papers
editorial project has moved from Drexel
University to the Historical Society of
Pennsylvania. Walter Merrill will con-
tinue as director.

The archives of the Watkins Glen Speed-
way, Watkins Glen, New York, burned in
an office fire on June 2. Destroyed were the
records, photographs, and memorabilia of
thirty years of American Grand Prix rac-
ing. The speedway staff is trying to recon-
stitute as much of the archives as is possi-
ble, p a r t i c u l a r l y the p h o t o g r a p h
collection.

ACCESSIONS AND OPENINGS

Antiquarian and Landmarks Society, Inc.,
Hartford, Connecticut. Accession: Micro-
film papers (1890-1926) of John James
McCook, Episcopal minister and investi-
gator of urban problems such as pauper-
ism, venal voting, and tramps. Because of
limited staff, the Antiquarian and
Landmarks Society does not make the
original papers available to researchers.
Under the terms of the bequest, the society
may not alienate the papers.

U.S. Army Military History Institute,
Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania. Acces-
sions: Russell L. Stultz collection of mate-

rial related to the 80th Division, in World
War I; and the autobiography of Lieuten-
ant General Joseph V. Heiser, concentrat-
ing on his career with ordnance and logis-
tics, 1942-73.

Atlanta Historical Society. Accessions: rec-
ords (1900-63) of the Bureau of Buildings,
Atlanta, including applications for build-
ing permits and building committee
reports; various records (1853-1941) of the
Parks Department, principally relating to
cemeteries; records (1971-76) of the Atlanta
Union Mission; and files (1946-50) from
the Lokey and Bowden law firm.

Bancroft Library, University of California,
Berkeley. Accession: papers of William
Chapman Ralston (1826-75), founder of
the Bank of California and a founder of the
University of California. Oral History:
Interview with Elizabeth Huff, teacher of
Chinese literature and founding curator of
the East Asiatic Library at the University of
California, Berkeley.

Dallas Historical Society. Accession: pho-
tographs (1914-20) by John J. Johnson of
the Dallas area including the Texas State
Fair, city scenes, and World War I training
camps.

Everett McKinley Dirksen Congressional
Leadership Research Center, Pekin, Illi-
nois. Opening: papers of Senator Dirksen
(1896-1969).

Emory University, Robert W. Woodruff
Library. Accession: papers (1893-1904) of
Joseph Bertrand Jones of Burke County.

Georgia Department of Archives and His-
tory. Accessions: minutes (1883-1903) of
the Bartow County Agricultural Club No.
3; farm accounts (1887-1903) of the Beazley
family of Bartow County; and the papers
(1835-1903) of Joseph Belknap Smith,
owner of the Columbia and Park gold
mines in Columbia County, Georgia.

University of Georgia Library. Accessions:
papers (1822-48) of Eugenius Aristides
Nisbet, congressman and Georgia state leg-
islator; collection (1773-1876) of papers
related to the Lovick Oliver family; diary
(1864-65) of C. C. Platter, a Union soldier
on Sherman's March to the Sea; a sketch
map (October 1779) of the Savannah block-
ade; and photographs and glass negatives

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NEWS NOTES 385

(1883-93) by William E. Wilson of ex-
slaves in Savannah and coastal Georgia.

Houston Metropolitan Research Center,
Houston, Texas. Accessions: records
(1930s-60s) of Christ Episcopal Church;
records (1866-1934) of First City National
Bank of Houston; minutes (1955-69) of the
Houston Independent School District
Board; records (1920s-60s) of the Aviation
Department, City of Houston; records
(1900s-40s) of the Houston Law School;
papers (1970-75) of former Texas State
Senator Robert Gammage; papers (1972-
76) of former Texas State Representative
Kay Bailey; and papers (1956-64) of Lewis
Cutrer, former mayor of Houston.

Kent State University Archives. Accessions:
records (1844-1904) of the Mahoning
County Treasurer; records (1856-1965) of
the Mahoning County auditor; records
(1932-47) of the Ashtabula County Soldiers
Relief Commission; police registers (1928-
75) of the city of Warren; records (1957-74)
of the Youngstown League of Women
Voters; records (1902-69) of the United
Way of Ashtabula County; records (1947-
75) of the Warren Urban League; files
(1969-70) of the American Council on
Education's Special Committee on Cam-
pus Tensions; papers (1773-1834) of Giles
Hooper Cowles; papers (1867-1964) of the
Silk family; and papers (1831-1964) of the
Spelman-Hinds family.

Leo Baeck Institute, New York, New York.
Accessions: papers of Ismar Elbogen (1874-
1943), Jewish scholar in Berlin and New
York, including extensive correspondence
with Jewish intellectuals in Germany and
the United States; papers of Rudolph
Seiden (1900-65), agricultural chemist,
promoter of Zionism, journalist and
pamphleteer in Austria and, after 1935, the
United States; Machol-Stein collection
(1802-82) documenting the development of
Reform Judaism in Germany through the
papers of Leopold Stein (1810-82), rabbi in
Frankfurt-am-Main, and the papers of
Aron Wolfssohn (1754-1835), Stein's
teacher; collection of Jacob Jacobson
(1888-1968), former head of the Central
Archives of German Jewry, including the
records that had been accessioned by that
organization and which survived the
Second World War; and the miscellany
collection (fifteenth to twentieth centuries)
of Sally Bodenheimer including a variety

of government decrees, privilege certifi-
cates for Jews, tax lists, court briefs, and
letters by prominent German Jews of the
nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Maryland Historical Society. Accessions:
papers of George L. Radcliffe (1877-1974),
United States Senator from Maryland
(1935-47); photographs (1920s) of Union
Mills in Carroll County; and photographs
(1891-1920) of the Homeland Estate in
Baltimore.

National Archives and Records Service.
Accessions: records (1972-75) of the Com-
mission on Revision of the Federal Court
Appellate System, a body created to study
the geographical boundaries of the federal
judicial circuits and the administration of
federal courts of appeal; minutes and
announcements of decisions (1945-51) of
the National Advisory Council on Interna-
tional Monetary and Financial Policies;
records (1943-65) of Schuyler Foster from
the Office of Public Opinion Studies,
Department of State; records (1976-77) of
the Commission on Postal Service; records
(1936-73) of the Central Intelligence
Agency and its predecessors pertaining to
activities of the Soviet espionage network
in Europe (1936-45) and the German
Security Service in the Soviet Union (1941-
43); combat and mission reports (1950-53)
of the Air Force; and mission reports (1946-
49) of Air Rescue Service units. Also acces-
sioned were various records from the Office
of Management and Budget and its prede-
cessors including executive orders and
proclamations (1939-69); records (1933-37)
of the Central Statistical Board, Works
Progress Administration Coordinating
Committee; records (1940-47) of the War
Records Section, Committee on Records of
War Administration; records (1940-68) of
the Office/Division of Statistical Stan-
dards; and records (1952-60) of the Man-
agement Improvement and Research
Branch.

Franklin D. Roosevelt Library. Accession:
indentures (1722-43) recording property
transactions in Hyde Park. Opening: pa-
pers of Peter Odegard, a consultant during
World War II and later assistant to Secre-
tary of the Treasury Henry Morganthau,
Jr. Odegard also served as a consultant
(1947-54) to the Atomic Energy Commis-
sion, a member (1948-50) of the Committee
on Policy and Program for the Ford Foun-
dation, a member (1950-51) of the Presi-

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386 THE AMERICAN ARCHIVIST—July 1977

dent's Commission on Migratory Labor,
and a delegate (1956) to the Democratic
National Convention.

Harry S. Truman Library. Accessions: pa-
pers of Harry N. Howard, a State
Department official and adviser to the U.S.
delegation, U.N. Commission of Investiga-
tion Concerning Greek Frontier Incidents
(1947-50); papers of Charles Darlington,
member of the U.S. delegation, U.N. Con-
ference on International Organization
(1945); papers of Fred Canfil, U.S. marshal
for the Western District of Missouri (1944-
53); and papers of Paul G. Hoffman,
president of the Studebaker Corporation
(1935-48), administrator of the Economic
Corporation Administration (1948-50),
president of the Ford Foundation (1951-
53), member of the U.S. delegation to the
U.N. General Assembly (1956-57), and
managing director of the U.N. Devel-
opment Program (1966-72). Oral Histo-
ries: Earl Warren, governor of California
(1943-53), Republican vice-presidential
candidate (1948), and chief justice of the
United States (1953-69); Douglas Ensmin-
ger, Ford Foundation representative for
India and Nepal (1951-53); Oliver J. Car-
ter, vice chairman of the California Demo-
cratic State Central Committee (1948-51);
J. Thomas Schneider, assistant secretary of
commerce for international affairs (1952-
53); and Donald C. Blaisdell, Merwin L.
Bohan, Charles P. Kindelberger, and
Philip Sprouse, all foreign service officers
whose government careers spanned the
Truman administration.

Dwight D. Eisenhower Library. Acces-
sions: papers (1952-53) of Leo A. Hoegh,
consisting primarily of correspondence
pertaining to the 1952 Eisenhower nomi-
nation and Eisenhower's election cam-
paigns in Iowa; and papers (1945-75) of
Roger W. Jones, who served with the
Bureau of the Budget, as chairman of the
Civil Service Commission, and as deputy
under-secretary of state for administration.
Oral Histories: Joe Ingraham, Texas dis-
trict judge active in the 1952 Eisenhower
campaign in Texas; Eugene J. Lyons, as-
sistant postmaster general for personnel
(1953-60); Robert O. Gemmill, trustee of
the Eisenhower Foundation; Louis Mor-
ton Hacker of the Columbia University
faculty (1948-67); and Bernard M. Shanley,
member of the Advisory Committee for the
1952 Eisenhower campaign, special coun-

sel to the President (1953-55), and secre-
tary to the President (1955-57). Openings:
index (1921-43) to the Army chief of staff
files; and papers (1912-61) of General
Norman C. Cota, U.S. Army, including
material pertaining to the execution of
Private Eddie Slovik.

Nebraska State Historical Society. Acces-
sions: records (1893-1973) of the Omaha
YWCA; the diary of Lt. Orville A. Ralston,
World War I pilot with the 148th Aero
Squadron in France; and the papers (1856-
66) of Benjamin Bates of Florence in the
Nebraska Territory.

The Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
Accession: records (1882-1975) of the Fair-
mont Park Art Association of Philadel-
phia, a quasi-public organization having
control of several sites in the city's park
system. Opening: records (1803-1970) of
the Second Baptist Church of Philadel-
phia.

Southern Labor Archives, Georgia State
University. Accession: papers (1965-73) of
L.E. Marler, including the files of the
Steering Committee of the Southern States
Apprenticeship Conference.

Tulane University Library, Special Collec-
tions Division. Accessions: papers (1939-
70) of Sam Houston Jones, governor (1940-
44) of Louisiana and candidate for
governor (1948); papers of John Thomas
Hayward (1890-1975), inventor of numer-
ous oil-drilling devices, including the
movable off-shore drilling platform; and
papers (1798-1875) of Robert Ruffin
Barrow, one of the largest sugar planters in
Louisiana.

University of Utah, Special Collections.
Accessions: papers (1936-41) of Elzy J.
Bird, concerning the Utah State Art Project
of the Writers Project, Works Progress
Administration; subject files (1951-71) of
the League of Women Voters of Salt Lake
City; records (1941-73) of the Utah Federa-
tion of Women's Republican Clubs; and
correspondence (1917-76), minutes (1898-
1956), treasurer's reports (1930-42), and
other records of the Utah State Society,
Daughters of the American Revolution.

State Historical Society of Wisconsin.
Accessions: annual enumerations of farm
statistics (1961-74), Department of Agri-

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NEWS NOTES 387

culture; records (1933-35) of the Interim
Committee on the Salaries of State
Employees; minutes and transcripts (1969)
of the Joint Committee to Study Disrup-
tions at the University of Wisconsin; rec-
ords (1932-64) of the Socialist Labor Party
in Wisconsin; records (1967-72) of the
Vietnam Veterans Against the War, Inc.;
and p a p e r s (1911-72) of Edward
Tomlinson, prominent reporter on Latin
American affairs.

RELIGIOUS ARCHIVES

Baptist. Oklahoma Baptist University
nearly doubled its holdings with the acces-
sion of the Gaskin collection, received from
J. M. Gaskin when he became full-time
historical secretary of the Baptist Conven-
tion of Oklahoma in 1976. Three signifi-
cant documents are: the Annualoi the 1814
Triennial Convention, the Annual of the
Cherokee Association (Oklahoma) for
1860, and the Annual of the Short Moun-
tain Association (Oklahoma) for 1884.
Another accession consists of the two
original deeds of 1910 and 1911 concerning
the grant by the city of Shawnee for the
Oklahoma Baptist University campus and
the sale of lots to raise funds for the
university. The archival staff has been
augmented because Gaskin now serves
about two days a week; Eunice Short serves
as university historian and associate archi-
vist; and a student clerk helps part-time.
The archives has new quarters in the
recently completed $1.9 million Mabee
Learning Center. A full set of oral history
equipment was received with the Gaskin
collection.

Catholic. The Reverend William C.
Burn has become archivist of the Charles-
ton (South Carolina) diocesan archives.
New microfilm equipment has been
secured and archival materials have been
reorganized.

John Prentzel is assisting in the reor-
ganization of the diocesan archives of the
Diocese of Wilmington (Delaware).

The new archivist in the Diocese of
Paterson (New Jersey), the Reverend Ray-
mond J. Kupke, reports that the archives is
moving into new quarters in November.

Seton Hall University, of South Orange,
New Jersey, has formed the New Jersey
Catholic Historical Records Commission.
The commission will accession parochial,

institutional, and diocesan records, and
will supplement the archives with an oral
history project.

The Oral History Collection of the
Sinsinawa Dominican Archives was begun
in July 1973 and now comprises 112 tape
recorded interviews with both religious
and secular persons. The primary focus is
on the Sinsinawa Dominicans, a congrega-
tion of religious women founded by
Samuel Mazzuchelli, O.P., in 1847 in
southwest Wisconsin. Today some 1,400
members are engaged in educational and
social ministries in the United States,
South America, and Europe. Because of the
active and uncloistered nature of this
religious community, the history of the
congregation parallels the history of the
community in which the members live and
work.

Congregational Christian. The Rev-
erend Harold F. Worthley became librarian
of the Congregational Library on June 1,
1977, replacing Evelyn Vradenburgh. This
library, an autonomous organization in
Boston, deals with Congregational Chris-
tian churches both within and outside the
United Church of Christ.

Disciples of Christ. The Disciples of
Christ Historical Society, Nashville, Ten-
nessee, has received the personal papers
(1912-73) of Emory Warren Ross, an au-
thority on Africa. The new director of the
library and archives, as of October 1, 1976,
is David I. McWhirter. Kitty Huff recently
joined the staff to assist with reference and
volunteer services. This historical society
extends its services to the Christian Church
(Disciples of Christ), the Christian
Churches, and the Churches of Christ.

Jewish. At the American Jewish
Archives in Cincinnati, Ohio, Abraham J.
Peck is the new assistant director. Stanley
Chyet is no longer serving as associate
director.

Latter-day Saints. The Historical
Department at church headquarters in Salt
Lake City has published an Index to
Mormonism covering 1976 periodical liter-
ature. This microfiche edition is an index
to selected journals in which articles per-
taining to Mormonism appeared. The new
managing director of the archives is G.
Homer Durham, former university educa-
tor and administrator and most recently

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THE AMERICAN ARCHIVIST—July 1977

commissioner of higher education and
chief executive officer of the Ohio State
Board of Regents.

Lutheran. At the Lutheran Archives
Center, Philadelphia, David J. Wartluft
has been named librarian of Krauth Mem-
orial Library of the Lutheran Theological
Seminary. This library houses and admin-
isters the Lutheran Archives Center. Wart-
luft succeeds Helmut T. Lehmann, who
has been named professor of church history
at the same institution. Wartluft was the
former assistant librarian and served as
archivist of the Northeastern Pennsyl-
vania Synod of the Lutheran Church in
America. Joann Reeser has resigned as
archival assistant and has been replaced by
graduate student John Peterson, who was
previously responsible for the Bicentennial
Center of the Lutheran Church in America
operated at the Muhlenberg Building in
Philadelphia.

The North Carolina Synod of the Lu-
theran Church in America reports that its
archives program has just received a
$12,000 equipment grant, and it is apply-
ing for a $27,000 grant for an archivist for
one year to rework the archives and process
new accessions.

Mennonite. Recent accessions to the
archives of the Lancaster Mennonite Con-
ference Historical Society include, from
thirty-eight congregations, church bullet-
ins, deeds, photographs, programs, clip-
pings, minutes, reports, and record books.
A number of institutions and committees
made archival donations during 1976,
including the Eastern Mennonite Board of
Missions and Charities, the Christian Edu-
cation Board, and the Association of Men-
nonite Elementary Schools. Personal col-
lections were received from a number of
Lancaster Conference Mennonite-
ordained leaders and other individuals.
Miscellaneous accessions include clip-
pings, maps, broadsides, early Lancaster
County deeds, minutes, reports, and Sun-
day school cards. Growth of the archives

has been enhanced by the remodeling of
library facilities. New staff members are
Lloyd Zeager, assistant librarian-archivist,
and Lois Ann Zook, librarian.

Methodist. Last November the Pitts
Theology Library at Emory University,
Atlanta, moved from the theology building
back to its former building which has been
completely renovated. The archives is now
in a secured room with temperature and
humidity control. Significant progress has
been made in the arrangement and de-
scription of materials that were already
part of the collection, mainly records of the
Methodist Church in Georgia. Also among
these materials are sermons of two bishops
of the Methodist Episcopal Church,
South—Linus Parker and Joseph Staun-
ton Key; the papers of a retired Candler
School of Theology faculty member, John
Lawson; and the papers of a Candler
alumnus, George Oscar Douglas. Recent
accessions include the minutes and rec-
ords of the annual meetings, 1949-75, of
the American Academy of Religion, Sou-
theastern Region.

The Archives and History Department of
the North Alabama Conference continues
to receive minutes, journals, histories, and
documents of the conference as well as
minutes of the Methodist Church in the
United States. Last September the Library
of Archives and History was moved to the
Charles Andrew Rush Learning Center of
Birmingham-Southern College where an
office and two adjoining rooms provide
work and storage areas.

Society of Friends. From the private
libraries of Moses and Obadiah Brown
have come two hundred books of the 19th
century or earlier for the collection of the
Archives and Historical Records Commit-
tee of the New England Yearly Meeting of
Friends. Another accession is the Rhode
Island Quarterly Meeting reports of subor-
dinate meetings. 1756-1823. A new staff
member, Ruth C. Burgess, is assistant cura-
tor.

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SAA APPLICATION FORMEMBERSHIP OR SUBSCRIPTION
INDIVIDUAL MEMBERSHIP INSITUTIONAL MEMBERSHIP SUBSCRIPTION ONLY

Regular
• $20 enclosed
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• $20 USA, Canada, Mexico
D $25 all others

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Signature of faculty member Institution

DUES

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Cross Annual Salary
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Contributing
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Student

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Dues
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Individual and institutional members
of the Society receive the American
Archivist, the bimonthly SAA News-
letter, and the annual meeting program.
Members are eligible for special discounts
on professional publications, and may
utilize the Society's placement service.

Subscriptions to the American Archivist
without membership in the SAA are
available only to institutions.

Applications for membership or subscrip-
tion should be addressed t o :

SOCIETY OF AMERICAN ARCHIVISTS
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, CHICAGO CIRCLE
LIBRARY, ROOM 311
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60680

Sustaining membership includes two copies
of all Society publications during year of
membership.

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INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Editorial Policy
1. Members of the Society of American Archivists, and others with professional interests in the aims of
the Society, are invited to submit manuscripts for consideration and to suggest areas of interest or sub-
jects which they feel should be included in forthcoming issues of the American Archivist.
2. Manuscripts received from contributors are submitted to readers who the editor feels can give an
objective appraisal. Readers are asked to appraise manuscripts in terms of appropriateness, pertinence,
innovaliveness, scholarly worth, and clarity of writing.
3. Only manuscripts not previously published in English will be accepted, and authors must agree not
to publish elsewhere, without explicit written permission, a paper submitted to and accepted by the
American Archivist. The editor will consider publication of articles previously published in foreign lan-
guages; but usually these will be abstracted and included in a section of the American Archivist intended
for this purpose.
4. One set of galley proofs will be sent to authors for correction of any omissions or errors in the edited
copy of the original manuscript.
5. Ten reprints of each paper will be provided to the author without charge. Additional reprints may be
ordered from the printer, and an order form for this purpose will be sent to the author with his galley
proofs.
6. Letters-to-the-Editor which include pertinent and constructive comments or criticism of articles or
reviews recently published in the American Archivist are welcome. Ordinarily, such letters should not
exceed 400 words.
7. Brief contributions for the three special sections of the American Archivist—News Notes, Interna-
tional Scene, and Technical Notes—may be addressed to the several editors of those sections or sent
directly to the editor of the American Archivist.

Manuscript Requirements
1. Manuscripts should be submitted in English, in double-spaced typescript throughout—including
footnotes at the end of the text—on white bond paper 8 Hx 11 or8x 10 '/2 inches in size. Margins should be
about 1 !4 inches all around. All pages should be numbered, including the title page. The author's name
and address should appear only on the title page, which should be separate from the main text of the
manuscript.
2. Each manuscript should be submitted in two copies, the original typescript and one carbon copy or
durable photocopy.
3. The title of the paper should be concise and distinctive rather than descriptive.
4. An abstract of approximately 100 words, brief, concise, and complete in itself without reference to the
body of the paper, describing purpose, methodology, results, and conclusions where applicable, should
be submitted with each manuscript.
5. Illustrations, photographic or drawn, are welcome. Photographs should be 8 x 10 inch glossy prints;
other illustrations should be professionally drawn to a scale about twice the size of the final copy to be
printed.
6. References and footnotes should conform to accepted scholarly standards. Ordinarily, the American
Archivist uses footnote format illustrated in the University of Chicago Manual of Style, 12th edition.
7. The American Archivist uses the University of Chicago Manual of Style, 12th edition, and Webster's
New International Dictionary of the English Language, 3d edition (G. & C. Merriam Co.), as its stan-
dards for style, spelling, and punctuation. Variations from these standards are permitted but should be
minimal and purposeful.
8. Usage of terms which have special meanings for archivists, manuscript curators, and records manag-
ers should conform to the definitions in "A Basic Glossary for Archivists, Manuscript Curators, and
Records Managers," American Archivist, vol. 37, no. 3 (July 1974). Copies of this glossary are available
for $2 each from the Executive Director, SAA, University of Illinois at Chicago Circle, Box 8198, Chi-
cago, 111. 60680.

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SOCIETY OF AMERICAN
ARCHIVISTS
41 ST ANNUAL MEETING, SALT LAKE CITY
OCTOBER 4-7, 1977 OOME TO A GOING PIAOEI

SALT LAKE I

Structure an educational experience particularly suited to your special interests.
Workshops, seminars, panel discussions, tours, film festivals, gala entertainments

PUBLICATIONS

A Basic Glossary for Archivists, Manuscript Curators, and Records Managers; $2.00
members, $2.00 others

Forms Manual; $5.00 members, $8.00 others

Inventories and Registers: A Handbook of Techniques and Examples; $2.00 members,
$4.00 others

Oral History Program Manual by William W. Moss; $11.00 members, $13.50 others

Modern Archives and Manuscripts: A Select Bibliography by Frank B. Evans; $8.00
members, $11.00 others

The Modern Manuscript Library by Ruth Bordin and Robert Warner; $5.00 members,
$6.00 others

Available from SAA in Spring 1977—A Basic Manual Series

Archives and Manuscripts'. Surveys by John A. Fleckner

Archives and Manuscripts: Appraisal and Accessioning by Maynard J. Brichford

Archives and Manuscripts'. Arrangement and Description by David B. Gracy II

Archives and Manuscripts: Reference and Access by Sue E. Holbert

Archival Security by Timothy Walch

Set of five: $12.00 members, $16.00 others; or $3.00 each to members, $4.00
others.
A postage and handling charge of $1.00 will be added to orders under $20.00 which
are not prepaid. For a complete list of publications and membership information write

Society of American Archivists
Library, PO Box 8198
University of Illinois at Chicago Circle
Chicago, Illinois 60680

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