THE
Political Anatomy
0 F
IRELAND-
WITH
The Eltabliihment for that King¬
dom when the late.Duke ofOnMOND
was Lord Lieutenant. Taken from the
Records.
To which is added
VE RBV M S A PIENEI, or an Account of the
Wealth and Expences ofEnglandand the Method
of railing Taxes in the mo ft Equal manner.
Shewing alfo,That the Nation can bear the Charge
of Four Millions fer Annum^when the oecalions of
the Government require it.
By Sir W i L L IA M PuTTY, late Fellow
of the Royal Society,and Surveyor-Gene¬
ral of the Kingdom of Ireland.
LONDON:
Printed for D. Brown, and W. Rogers, at the Bible
without Temple-Bar, and at the Sun over-againlt
St. Dmjjiaus Church, . 1691.





" The Epflle Dedicatory.
^ ing Juftice to the Memory
in q£ tjie j)ea(p More efpecial-
Iy to fuch Perions as in their
!'• ® Lite took care to oblige Pofte-
. m rjty
The ufefulnels of the en~
tuing Dilcourfe at this time,
when there is fo fair a pro-
I3" tped: of a new Settlement in
iA IRELAND, were fut-
'i® ficient to recommend it to
tint It Your Graces Protection,
ute Your Grace's Intereft in the
ifef Re-eftablifhment of that King-
W dom (tho it be considerable).
I on yet is much lefs. than your
itot Share in the glorious Enter¬
al in prize towards its Recovery.
A 3 You


The Epfile Dedica
You had the Honour of ac¬
companying His Majesty
in an Adventure that fhall
ihine in the Annals of Fame,
as long as the Boy fhall main¬
tain its Courfe. But a fin-
gle Gallantry appear cl not
fufficient for the Heir of Or-
mo n d and O s s e r y. You
have fince accompanied our
Royal Mafter to other Shores,
to he partaker with him in
new Scenes of Adion, Under¬
takings of no lefs Gonfequence
and Importance, than the De¬
liverance of Eur op. This will
afford lufficient matter for Pa-
pegyrick, and oblige the Mu-


The Epifile Dedicatory.
fes to place you in the fame
high Rank of Renown with
Your Noble and Heroick Pre-
deceflfors. In the mean time,
be pleas d to permit this ufeful
Treatife to wait on you to the
Camp, and bring you the
hearty wifhes of all good Men
here, for Your happy Expe¬
dition, and Your fafe Return,
which is defir'd by none with
a more particular Zeal, than
by
Tour G r ac e's
Moft Devoted ,
N. Tate.
a 4
THE





THE
Authors Preface.
SIR Francis Bacon, in his Advance¬
ment of Learning, hath made a judi¬
cious Parallel in many particularsy be¬
tween the Body Natural, and Body Politick,
and between the Arts of preferving both in
Health and Strength: And it is as rcafonable,
that as Anatomy is the beft foundation of
one? Jo alfo of the other ; and that to practice
upon the Politick, without knowing the Sym¬
metry, Fabrick, and Proportion of it, is as
cafual as the practice of Old-women and Em-
pyricks.
Nowj becaufe Anatomy is not only neccf
fary in Phyficians, but laudable in every Phi-
lofophical perfon wh atfnever ; I there foreywho
profefs no Politicks, haver for my curiofityy
at large attempted the firft Effay of Political
Anatomy.
Furthermore, as Students in Medicine ,
practice their inquiries upon cheap and common
Animals, and ju h whofe affions they are bejl
as-


The Author's Preface.
acquainted with, and where there is the leaft
confufion and perflexure of Parts \ I have cho-
fen Ireland as Juch a Political Animal, who
is fcarce Twenty years old; where the Intrigue
of State is not very complicate, and with
which I have keen converfant from an Embri-
on; and in which, if I have done amifs, the
fault ?nay he eafily mended by another•
'Tistrue, that curious Difleftions cannot he
made without variety of proper Instruments;
whereas I have had only a pommin Knife and
a Clout, inflead of the many more helps
which fuch a Work requires: However, my
rude approaches being enough to find where¬
about the Liver and Spleen, and Lungs lye9
the? not to difcern the Lymph at ick Ve[felsy the
Plexus, Choroid us, the Volvuli of veffels
within the Tejlicles; yet not knowings that
even what I have here readily done, was much
confidered, or indeed thought ufeful by others,
I have venturd to hegin a new Worky whichy
when Carretted and Enlarged by better Hands
and Helps, I believe will tend to the Peace
and Plenty of my Country \ be fides which, I
have no other end.
AD*


I 4/ :. ■
-■■o - . ••-. *•-' •».' ' ■** '
— — " 1111
advertisement.
TH E Reader is defired to take notice,
That by Letterees,are meant perfons
reftored to Land by virtue of the Letters of
King Charles the Second ,• and by Nominees,
fuch perfons are intended, as were reftored
to their Lands by being named in the AS of
Settlement; and Papifts fer Provifo, were
fuch as had Provifoes in that AS for their
Lands : And by the 49 Officerj, are meant
fuch Commiffion Officers under the King,
who ferved in Ireland before the^r of our
Lord, 1649.
The following Treatifeof Sir William
Pettys Political Anatomy of Ireland, is Print¬
ed after a Copy Tranfcribed from the Origi¬
nal^ writ by the Authors own hand ; and
all the Blanks, as here Printed, were in that
Origind: And which, tho7 it maybefup-
pos d he could eafily have filFd up, yet was
it not held proper for any other to attempt,
or to add to any thing done by fo great
a Majler.
This his work of The Political Ana-
to my of Ireland ends in fage 113.
P. 114.


ADVERTISEMENT.
P. 114. begins the famous Report from
the Council of Trade in Ireland, which was
not only Drawn, but wholly Compofed by
Sir William Petty; and with which that
Council concurred unanimoufly.
P. 13 2. folio weth the Copy of the Com-
miffion of the late Duke of Ormond to be
Lord Lieutenant \ and an Account of the
Eftablifment of the Civil and Military Lift
in his time *, faithfully and carefully taken
out of Authentick Records: And to the Na¬
ture of which, the continued Title of The
Political Anatomy of Ireland, on thofe Pa¬
ges, agrees well enough.
The Volume concludes with Sir William
Petty s Verhum Sapienti, which relates
wholly to England, and fhews how Taxes
may be equally laid, and how the Nation
may well bear the Tax of Four Millions per
Annum.
The Reader is now left with his moft
Critical attentive Judgment, to enjoy the
benefit of the great Political knowledg that
Sir William Petty hath taught the Age; ami
for which ( as one of the greateit Orna¬
ments of it) he deferveth perpetual cele¬
brations. Know Reader in a word, That
Nulla fercnt talem fxcUfutura virum.
The


The Contents.
Of the Trade of Ireland, and its -
ments; the Commodities, and aptitude for
Trafficky and incidently of the Cloaths and
Dyet of the People : Of Sumptuary
Laws, Ahfeniees, &c. 7 5
Of the Religion, Language, Manners,
Interejl of the prefentr Inhabitants of Ire¬
land ; ^ ^z//0 <9/ Prefent and Ancient
Diviftons and Names of the Lands, 9 5
Some Mifcellany Remarques and Intimations
concerning Ireland, and the feveral mat¬
ters aforementionedy ,103
A Report from the Council of Trade in Ire¬
land, to the Lord Lieutenant and Council±
&cc. 114
Confiderat'tons relating to the Improvement of
Ireland, 115
Inferences from the Premifes, 120
Proportions to His Majefty concerning the
Government of Ireland, 146
The Lijl for Civil AffatrSy&cc. 157
The I ftablijhment and Lift, containing all the
Payments to be made for Military AffairSy
&c. 181
Officers Provincial 184
ConftableSy 18$
Sundry Minifters belonging to the Ordnance,
vizi /^Lemfter, 188
Con-


The Contents.
Chap. 8. Of the Expence of the Navy, Artny<>
and Gar ifons, i 8
Chap. 9. Motives to the quiet bearing of Ex¬
traordinary Taxes, 19
Chap. 10. How to imploy the Peopley and the
end thereof 22
L1 CBN siD, May the nth. 1691.
THE


hk
ll
mtfh
„ j Political Anatomy
THfi
O F
•A
I R E LAND-
Of the Lands of Ireland.
THERE are in
of Acres of Land ,/-/** «
rijh Meafure (whereofa "
121 Acres makes 196^ I0>5°°
EnglijbMeafure) near about J
Whereof there is of Rivers,) **
THi Highways, Loughs, unpaflablef _
Bogs, Rocks and Shrubs, about 1 ' '
Of very courle Land,
1672
ilk 1651,
monly call'd unprofitable
Consequently of good ]
dow, Arrableand Pafture
10,500
Of


The Political Anatomy
Of which Anno 1641, there)
did belong to Papifts and Seque- ? 5>2co
ftred Proteftants '
To the Church, viz.. Bifhops, i -QQ
Deans, Chapters and Glebes S
To the Proteftants planted by i
Queen Elizabeth and King James -
2,009
75°°
Of the 5,20© belonging to Papifts and Se-
queftrcd Proteftants Anno 1641.
There was reftored to )
2 6that proved their con-f
ftant good Affeftion ,r
per eft. A
To His Grace the D.{ no ? 210
of Ormond. J j
To. the Lord Inchi
quine, Lord Rofcommon, > 4° :
and others ) j
To innocent Papifts,? I)300
near >
To the Church, near 2o
To the Duke of TorkA J' 14*
near » 120
To Letterees and No- /
minees Irijh-men J Q
.TOPapifts ,perprovi-l
0 with Collonel Vrrnon I *
fc
Left


The Political Anatomy
Remains in the Common-£ ©
Stock, near ? 0
Thefaid 7,500 Acres ofA
good, and the 1,500 of courle,a j
making together 9000 M. is*9do,ooo
worth per Annum. \
Out of which the King's Quit-
rents, Old-rents, and Compofi- > gCf coo
tion,
Refts 8 ro,Qoo
TheTvthes whereof are one 7 ,
fifth, viz. ll62'°oo
Refts 648,000
t The benefit of Leafes, and the-j
value of Tenants Improvements j 216,coo
upon the laid Lands, is 3
For the Landlords 432,000
If the whole 7500 be clearly
worth but 43 2000 i.per jm.then<
the2,5 20 gain'd by the Rebellion, > 144,000
is worth out about j thereof (the!
80 M. in the Common Stock be-,
ing worth very little), viz
And the Adventurers and Sol-,
d;ers Lands, who ferved fince»l0g 00Q
1649. worth about 1 of the lame, '
viz.
And


of IRELAND.
M.
And the laid Soldiers alone { I 86,400
of the whole, to. f
Mem. That by the Succefles of the Army,
who ferv'd fince 1649. and who have
.8 5400! . per An.for their labour, His Maje-
lly hath received the feveral Advantages
following, viz.
1. Augmented the Church,. '
the Duke of Tork, and by Provi- f ^ 7
foes. ■ ' ' Acres-
2. Hath paid the Adventurers,,
and 49 Officers, befides Hou-f ^7° M.
fing in Walled Towns Acres.
J. Gain'd a Revenue worth.
above 80000 1. per Ann. and > '•
15 Years Purchafe 120c,oco
4. Gain'd the Years value, ?
&c. worth * ?00>000
5. Hath freed himfelf from the 1648.
Articles with the Iri(b.
6. Reftored many of his Friends to their
own Eftates.
The value of the faid Army's »
Lands at ten Years Purchafe, is; f
8 540001. Out of which dey?00*000
du£t a years value and charge A p"
there remains now but ) andHa^ard.
B 3 Mem.


6 The Political Anatomy
Mem.
That whereas until Eng¬
land. always lent Money and other Supplies
into Ireland, now the Revenue is
200,0001. and the charge Civil and Milita¬
ry but 170,000 1. which is the gain oreafe
of England.
The Debentures of Commiffi-^ j
on Officers, who ferv'd eight , ,800,000
years till about December 1649/
comes to j
Wherefore the Pay of private 7 „ „ ^
Soldiers to ' }5^ '
7,2 -C,QCO
The {whereof is 900,000 b The one
half whereof being for Foot,was, 450,0001.
per Ann. which, at 15 1. each, maintains
j0,000 Foot, and the reft 15000 Horfe,
General Officers, and Train of Artillery in¬
cluded ; lb as there was a Britifh Army, for
eight Years, of at leaft 45000 Men.
The Army who reduced the Rebellion,
did Anno 1652, confift of near J5000
Men, as per Debentures.
The


of IRELAND.
The Irijb tranfported iDto Foreign
parts, between 1651 and i654.were 54,000
Men.
The lrifh Army could not but be more
than double to the Engliflj.
The Claymants of Land, or the number
of Proprietors before the W ar was.
Of all that claimed innocency 7 in 8. ob¬
tained it.
The reftored Perfons by innocence and
provilb have more than what was their own,
Anno 1641. by at leaft»
They have gotten by forg'd Feofments
of what was more than their own, at
leaft J.
Of thole adjudged Innocents, not /.■ were
really lo.
The King's Revenue in Ireland Anno
1641.
The yearly charge of the Army for 20
years laft part.
Of People, Houfes, and Smoaks; their Num~
her, Differences, and Values.
THere are of People, Men, f
Women and Children. ) ,,IOO'°
There are of Families
Of Smoaks
B 4


Jt
y_
8 The Political Anatomy
V I
Of the People, there are Englijh 200,000
Of Papifts 800,000
Of Non-Papifts j 00,000
Scots 100,000
Jrijb 800,000
2,200,000
'
The Scots are Presbyterians, and the Irife,
Papifts. But the Englijb are above 100,000
legal Proteftants or Conformifts, and the
reft are Presbyterians, Independants, Ana-
baptifts and Quakers.
Of the Families.
Such as have no fix'd Hearths, are 160,000
Such as have but one Chimney 24,000
Such as have more than one r 6,00a
OfSmoaks.
The Single-Sraoak-houles,are? 0
r 0 c 101,000
utjupra i 1
And thole Houles that have more 1
than one Chimney, have but oneC ^ qoo
with another above four in each' ,0°
Houfe, via. in all
2 50,M.
The


i»,0«
'iSjf
iff
of IRELAND.
The Number of them of alio
degrees, who paid Poll-money,£• 360,000
Anno 1661. was about
Dublin hath Houles of more
than one Smoak.
Other Cities, Towns, and Cor-1
porations of the like. >
The reft of Ireland of the like
9
I
M°°
6,006
6,600
16 5,M.
And of Smiths Forges, near the [ami
number, or rather ; more.
^ particular Account of the Houfes in
Ireland, which have more than one Chim¬
ney, viz.
The Caftle of Dublin hath Chimneys 125
The Earl of MeatFs Houfe in Dublin 2 7
The Houfes of Dublin which have I ,
above 10, are J ^
The Number of Coaches, be fides Hackneys >
near the fame Number, or rather fewer.
There be (ut fupra ) 160,000 Cabins
without Chimneys, whole worth are not
reckoned ; but as for the others, we rate
as follows, viz, Houles of
1 Chimney


of IRELAND.
The number of young Children?
under (even years old, and not fit ("17 5,000
for Labour, is 1 of the whole,
The faid number of Impotents 2000
The number of Soldiers • 5000
280,000
i 1 -) - jo ?, t ■
The Matters and Miftreffes of
560 Families, wherein are above r 7*200
fix Smoaks, are
Their Servants to their Perfons 14,400
The Servants to the Perfons of
fuch as live in 5600 Families of 4,> 11,100
5,6. Smoaks, are )
Servants in Families of 2, and ?
5, Smoaks S
Minifters, Students, &c. 400
520,000
People in all noo M.
Of above 6 years old 704
16 462
26 297
5 6 198
46 152
56 88
66 77
So as there are in Ireland, fit for I Q
Trade S 7»o,ooo
Which


12 The Political Anatomy
Which are Imployed as followeth, viz.
For the Tillage of 500,000 7
Acres of Land for Corn, Men, r*i 00/500
and their Wives
For Cowherds and Shepherds')
to Cattel, grazing upon Seven
Millions of Acres, viz. fix Mil-!
lions of black Cattel, or their | 120>p0°
equivalent in Horfes and Sheep.
Men and their Wives.
220,000
IOC©
2C0O
By the other fide. 2 20,000
Imployed about the taking of
5000 Hoglheads of Pilchards,!
Boats, Nets, Hewers , &c. Men!
and Women.
Imployed about making 1000 7
Tuns of Iron, Men and Women-f
Smiths as by account, Men and > _
Women ... f "><°°°
Their Servants to the Trade 7,500
Taylors and their Wives 45,000
Carpenters and Mafons, and ?
their Wives ' ]■ 10,000
Shoemakers and their Wives 20,000
and Servants 2500
Millers and their Wives 1600
Workers


V
of IRELAND. 13
Workers of Wooll and'their?
Wives. X 3°>000
Tanners and Curriers, and?
. their Wives. S 10>000
331,600
Trades of Fancy and Ornament 7 .0 Ann
120,and their Wives.
380,000
Wherefore if the prefent Em-?
itytt ployment be performed withf, „
380,000 Perfbns, it follows thatf
there are to fpare for other ufes J
Memorandum,That in ,where are
but 4000 Families, there are at one time
1180 Ale-houles, and 91 publick Brew-
houles, viz.. near' of the wholeit feems,
that in Ireland,there being 200 M. Families,
that about 60 M. of them fhould ule the
fame Trade.
Andconfequently,Thati8b,coo j
viz. 60 Men, 60 Women, andf o _
60 Servants do follow the Trader » 0
of Drink.
So as there are yet to {pare, who
are CalherersandFait-neants.
1?
J"220,000
400,000
Whereas


14 The Political Anatomy
Whereas it is manifeft, that t
of the Alehoufes may be {pared,^
even although the fame quantity*^ 1
v* VII viiV AI4IA1V VjUUlAWiWJ V
of Drink Ihould be fold; then an
there will yet be further to fpare^ 220»000
of them
j 40,000
Having fhew'd that 340,000)
of {pare hands are in Irelait fol V
lows to find Employments for>2,3So.co>o
them, which is at 71. per head, tol
earn per Ann. J
This Imployment may be either in order to
Local Wealth, or Univerfel Wealth.
Local Wealth I underftand to?
be the building of 168,000 fmall I
Stone-wall Houles, with Chim-1
neys, Doors, Windores, Gar-s 1.
dens and Orchards, ditch'd and 1 544,000
quickfotted ; inftead of the la-'
mentable Sties now in ufe •, the j
which may coft 3 1. each, in all 1
The planting 5 Millions of o, QQO
Fruit-T rees at 4 d.each. j
Planting 3 Millions of Tim-1
ber-Trees upon the Bounds andC A «
Meers of every Denomination off * ,0
Lands at 3 d. each j
Of


cfIRELAND. is
Of Inclofiires and Quickfets -> 1.
one Million of Perches at n d. 50,000
per Perch. j
Fortifying the City of Dublin 30^000
Building a new Palace for the?
chief Governour. J 20,000
Making there a Mold for Ship- ?
ping- . i I5'°°°
Making feveral Rivers naviga- \
ble and mending High-Ways. J 35,O0°
Building of 100 Churches, at ?
2001. each £ 20>00°
Workhoufes of feveral forts,
Tan-Yards , Fifhing Crofts ,(
Rape-Mills, Allom and Cop-> 50,000
peras-works, as alio Madder,(
Lead, Salt, &c.
In order to Money and Vniverfal Wealth.
For Ten Thoufand Tuns of?
Shipping j-100,000
For a Stock of Wool, Hempo
Flax and Rawhides for one Years >4°°>ooo
Work
For th« Labour of Men to Ma* ?
nufa£ture the lame. J 1000>000
Of


6 The Political Anatomy
Of the Church and .
"|F i the Non-Papifts are Non-Confor-
8 mifts, then there are but 50000 Legal
Proteftants in Dublin and all other Cities,
Towns, &c. which require but 50 preach¬
ing Minifters.
And if there are but 50 M. Legal Prote¬
ftants in the reft of , they require
but 100 Minifters, at 500 to a Flock,where¬
of ', viz. 166are Children.
If there be in England and about
9000 Parifhes, and under 30 Bifhops, then
every Bifhop muft have above 300 Parlons
in his Charge.
So as one Bifhop in Ireland is more than
30 in England.
Wherefore 2 5,0001. would afford t 501.
per Ann. of each of 150 Minifters, and
25001. to the Bifhop.
The value of the Church-Lands and ap¬
propriate Tythes, is per Ann. above the
Kings Rent due out of them.
If 100 Minifters can ferve all j
they muft have PrecinQs of neer if Miles
fquare, and confequently they mull: be Iti¬
nerants, and as Le£turers on week-daysj
and other honeft ordained Men muft be
Priefts. If


nj of IRELAND,
If 150, nay, if 250 Minifters would
|m, ferve all Ireland, then 10 per Ann. will fup-
ply their Mortality; And conlequently a
Mom Nurlery of 100 will lend forth 10 yearly of
jwsUg »o years Handing. Perhaps the Nurlery
tthtrCjtit nced not be above half fo large.
Concerning the Late Rebellion.
THE number of the People being now
Anno 1672 about 1 x 00,000. and
1652. about 8 50 M. becaule 1 conceive that
80 M. of them have in 20 years encrealed
sDorcpr™ by Generation 70 M. by return of banilh-
( ed and expelled E; as alio by the ac<
■ -niamoxu tcfs 0f newones, 80M. of New Scors, and
20 M. of returned Irijh, being all 2 50 M.
Now if it could be known what number
•; MiAM of people were in Ireland, Ann. 1641. then
the difference between the laid number, and
-.1 Laffiisaw- 8^0, adding unto it the encreale by Genera-
7 item. atoftl tion, in 11 years will fhew the deftru£ti-
if/n, on of people made by the Wars, viz.. by the
ferve all W" Sword, Plague, and Famine occafioned
sofne«r'^! thereby.
thfVI find, by comparing luperfluous and
. on ffeek-daf fpare Oxen, Sheep, Butter and Beef, that
i Men P®111, C there


18 The Political Anatomy
there was exported above more Ann. 1664.
than in 1641. which fhews there were
i more of people, -viz. 1466,000; Out
of which Sum take what were left Ann.
1652. there will remain 616,000. deftroyed
by the Rebellion.
Whereas the prelent proportion of the
Britijh is as 3 to 11; But before the Wars
the proportion was lefs, as 2 to 11. and
then it follows that the number of Britifh
flain in 11 years was 112 thoufand Souls; of
which I gueft j to have perifhed by War,
Plague and Famine. So as it follows that
37,000 were maffacred in the firftyear of
Tumults: So as thole who think 1 54,000
were lo deftroyed, ought to review the
grounds of their Opinion.
It follows alio, that about 504 M. of the
lri{h perifhed, and were wafted by the
Sword, Plague, Famine, Hardfhip and Ba-
nifhment, between the 23 of Oftobcr 1641.
and the lame day 16 5 2.
W herefore thofe who lay, That not' of
them remained at the end of the Wars, muft
alio review their opinions; there being by
this Computation near j of them; which
Opinion I alio fubmit.
There


40,000,
M.
689
of IRELAND.
There were tranfported of,,
them into Spain, Flanders,France,
34,000 Soldiers; and of Boys,'
Women, Priefts, &c. no le(s|
than 6000 more, where not half
are returned.
If Ireland had continued in
peace for the laid 11 years, then
the 1466 M. had increaled by
Generation in that time to 73 M.
more, making in all 15 3 9, which>■
were by the laid Wars brought
Anno 1652, 10850, "viz,.689 M.
for whofe Blood lome body
lhould anfwer both to God and
the King. /
Anno 1650. there were before the great
Plague, above one Million of People,
2; more than in London 1665. But
in that year there died in London by account
97,000 people, but really were 110 M_.
Wherefore, if the Plague was J
no hotter in Ireland than in Eng¬
land, there muft have died in Ire- j
land 275 M. But 1300 dying in a!p
Week in Dublin, the Plague of |
London was but * as hot; Where¬
fore there died in Ireland
*9
M.
450
So


The Political Anatomy
t
So as fubftra£ting 412 M. 500 dying of
the Plague, and 57 Malfacred it
follows that 167 M. died in 11 years by
the Sword and Famine, and other Hard-
fhips. Which I think not incredible; for
fuppofing ?, the Number, viz. 87 M. died
in 11 years, of Famine and Cold, Tranf-
portation to Spain and it is
not hard to believe, that the other 87 M.
perifhed by the Sword, when the
had Armies of near 4c M. Men, and the I-
r-flj of near double, lometimes on Foot.
Jnn. 16 5 j. Debentures were"
freely and openly fold for 4 s. and
5 s. per 1. And 20 s. of Debenture,
one place with another, did pur-
chafe two Acres of Land; at, M.
which rate all the Land of -<7 j.
land, if it were 8 Millions of pro-1
fitable Acres, might have been 1
had for a Million of Money, |
which Ann. 1641. was worth a- ■
bove 8 Millions J
The


of IRELAND.
The Cattel and Stock which1
Ann. 1641. was worth above
4 Millions, reckoning one Beef
of 20 s. value, or the Equivalent | J.
in other Stock to two Acres; but^ 500,000
Ann. 16 52. the people of Dublin
fetched Meat from Wales, there
being none here, and the whole
Cattel of Ireland not worth /
Corn was then at 50 s. per Barrel, which
is now, and 1641. under 12.
The Houfes of Ireland, Ann. ^
1641. was worth 2! Millions ;r
but Ann. 1652. not worth I of
the lame )
The value of people, Men/
Women and Children in Eng¬
land, fome have computed to be
7 01. per Head, one with another.
But if you value the people who
have been deftroyedTn Ireland, as r
Slaves and Negroes are ulually;
rated,'viz. at about 15 1. one with
another ; Men being fold for 2 51.
and Children 5 1. each; the
value of the people loft will be a-
bout
I
500,100
The


of IRELAND
OFthe Stock 3,yoo,ooo
Of the Houfing 2,00X5,000
37,255,000
And the 20 years Rent of all the Lands
forfeited, by realbn of the laid Rebellion,
viz. fince the year 1652, to 1675. hath
not fully defray'd the Charge of the English
Army in Ireland for the laid time; nor doth
the laid Rents at this day do the lame with
J as much more, or above 100 M. 1
more
And the Adventurers after 10 years be¬
ing out of their Principal Money, which
now ought to be double by its Intereft, they
fold their Adventures for under 10 s. per 1.
Ann. 1652. in open and free Market.
The Number of Landed or
Freeholders before the Wars, was about
3000; whereof, as appears by 800 Judg¬
ments of the Court of Claims, which late
Ann. 1663. upon the Innocence and Effefts
of the Irijb, there were not above V part or
400 guilty of the Rebellion, unto each of
whom I allow 20 Followers, which would
have made up an Army of 8000: But by the
49 Officers account, the Army be¬
fore 1649. muft have been about 40 M. men;
upon whom the laid 8000 Nocent lo
C 4 pre-


34 The Political Anatomy
prevail'd, as that the Peace ended in the Ar¬
ticles of 1648. By which the were
made at leaft equal Partners with His Maje-
fty in the Government of Ireland; which
Iheweth, that the Irtjh were men of admi¬
rable Succefs and Courage: Unlefs we
fhould rather think, that the laid Court of
Claims wereabuled by their Perjuries and
Forgeries, which one would think, that a
Nation, who caus'd the deftrucbion of lo
many tnouland Lives, for the lake of God
and Religion, fhould not be lo guilty of,
The Eftates of th before the Wars,
was double to that of the Englifh; but the
number and natural force of the Irifh quin¬
tuple to that of the E
The Caufe of the War was a defire of
the Ramijls, to recover the Church-Reve¬
nue, worth about 110 M. 1. per and of
the Cpmmon Irifh, to get all the
mensEftates; and of the 1 o or 12 Grandees
of Ireland, to get the Empire of the whole.
Rut upon the playing of this Game or Match
upon lo great odds, the Englifh won and
have (among, and befides other Pretences)
a Gamefter's Right at leaft to their Eftates.
But as for the Bloodlhed in the Conteft,
(Jod beft knows who did occalion it.
Of


o/IRELAND.
Of the future Settlement of Ireland, Proro¬
gation of Rebellions, and its Vnion with
England.
H E Englifb invaded Ireland about
<>oo years fince; at which time ^ if
the Irifb were in number about 1,200,000.
Anno 1641. they were but 600 M. in num¬
ber,200 years ago,and not above 300,000 M.
at the faid time of their Invafion; for
300,000 people will, by the ordinary Courfe
of Generation,become 1200M. in 500 years;
allowance being made for the Extraordinary
EffeCts of Epidemical Difeafes, Famines,
Wars, &c.
1 here is at this Day no Monument or real
Argument that, when the Irifb were firft
invaded, they had any Stone-Houfing at all,
any Money, any Foreign Trade, nor any
Learning but the Legend of the Saints,
Pfelters, Miffals, Rituals, &c. viz. nor
Geometry, Aftronomy, Anatomy, Archi¬
tecture, fcnginery, Fainting, Carving, nor
any kind of Manufacture, nor the leaft ufe
of Navigation, or the Art Military.
Sir John Davys hath expreffed much Wit
and Learning, in giving the Caufes why
Ireland was in no rneafure reduced to Eng-


2 6 The Political Anatomy
//^Government, till in Queen Elizabeths
Reign, and fince; and withal offers feveral
means, whereby what yet remains to be
done, may be ftill effected.
The Conqueft made by the , and
defcribed in the Preamble of the Aft of Par¬
liament paft Ann. 1662. for the Settlement
of Ireland, gave means for any thing that
had beenreafbnable of that kind; but their
Forfeiters being abroad, and fuffering with
His Majefty from the lame uliirping hands,
made fome diverfion.
Wherefore ( Rebusfic what is
now to be done is the Queftion, viz. What
may be done by natural poflibility, if Au¬
thority law it fit?
Some furious Spirits have wifhed,that the
Irijh would rebel again, that they might be
put to the Sword. But I declare, that mo¬
tion to be not only impious and inhumane,
but withal frivolous and pernicious even
to them who have rafhly wifh'd for thofe
occafions.
That the Irijh will not eafily rebel again,
I believe from the memory of their former
Succelfes, efpecially of the laft, had not
many Providences interpos'd; and withal
from the confideration of thele following
Particulars, viz.
1. That


28 The Potitic a I Anatomy
That being able lo to fecure their Perfons,
even upon all fudden Emergencies, they
can be eafily fupplied out of England with
Food fufficient to maintain them, till they
have burnt 160 M. of their afore-defcribed
Cabins, not worth 50 M. 1. deftroy'd their
Stacks and Haggirds of Corn, and diftur-
bed their Tillage, which the embody'd
tijh can foon and eafily atchieve.
That a few Ships of War, whereof the
Iri(h have none, nor no Skill or Praftice of
Navigation, can hinder their relief from all
Foreign help.
That few Foreigners can help them if
they would. But that none, not the King
of France, can gain advantage by fo doing,
even tho he fucceeded. For England hath
conftantly loft thele 500 years by their med-
ling with Ireland. And at this day, than
when Ireland was never fb rich and fplen-
did, it were the advantage of the to
abandon their whole Intereft in that Coun-
trey ; and fatal to any other Nation to take
it, as hath beenellewhere (as I think) de-
monftrated; and the advantage of the Land¬
lords of England, to give them the Equiva¬
lent of what they fhould lo quit out of their
own Eftates in England.
Laftly,


'•"HIT
;i 11
II
i §11
1
L
50 The Political Anatomy
over in their rooms, then the natural
ftrength of the British would be equal to that
of the Irijb; but their Political and Artifici¬
al ftrength three times as great; and fo vifi-
ble, that the Irijb would never ftir upon a
National or Religious Account.
3. There are among the 600 M. above-
mentioned of the poor not above 20 M.
of unmarried marriageable Women; nor
would above two thoufand grow
and become fuch. Wherefore if V the faid
Women were in one year, and j the next
tranlported into Engl,and dilpoled of
one to each Parifh, and as many
brought back and married to the Irijb, as
would improve their Dwelling but to an
Houfe and Garden of 31, value, the whole
Work of natural Tranfmutation and Union
would in 4 or 5 years be accomplifhed.
The charge of making the exchange
would not be 20,000 1. Ann. which is
about 6 Weeks Pay of the prefent or late Ar¬
mies in Ireland.
If the Irijb muft have Priefts, let the
number of them, which is now between
2 and 3 thouland Secular and Regulars, be
reduced to the competent number of 1000,
which is 800 Souls to the paftorageof each
Prieft; which let be known perlons, arid
Englijb-


of IRELAND.
Englijh-men, if it may be. So as that when
the Priefts, who govern the Confidence,
and the Women, who influence other pow¬
erful Appetites, fhall be , both of
whom being in the Bolom of the Men, it
muft be, that no maflacring of , as
heretofore, can happen again. Moreover,
oM when the Language of the Children fhall
st be Englijh, and the whole Oeconomy of the
fa Family Englijh, viz. Diet, Apparel, &c.
K&i the Tranfmutation will be very eafy and
k ib quick.
oH Add hereunto, That if both Kingdoms,
b(i now two, were put into one, and under
one Legiflative Pbwer and Parliament, the
Members whereof fhould be in the fame pro¬
portion that the Power and Wealth of each
Nation are, there would be no danger fuch
a Parliament fhould do any thing to the pre¬
judice of the Englijh Intereft in Ireland; nor
could the Iri(b ever complain of Partiality,
when they fhall be freely and proportionably
reprefented in all Legiflatures.
The lnconveniencies of the , and
Abfurdities feem to be , viz.
as,«
i. It is abfurd, that Englijh-men born,
fent over into Ireland by the Commiffion
of


32 The Political Anatomy
of their own King, and there facrificing
their Lives for the King's Intereft, and fuc-
ceeding in his Service, fhould therefore be
accounted Aliens, Foreigners, and alfo Ene¬
mies, fuch as were the Irijh before Henry the
VII. time; whom, if an English-man had
then killed, he had fuffer'd nothing for it;
for it is but Indulgence and Connivance,
that now the fame is not ftill in force. For
fuch formerly was the Condition of Iri{h-
men\ and that of En(4ifh-men is now the
lame, otherwife than as Cuftom has relie-
' ved them.
It is abfurd, that the Inhabitants of Ire-
I nd7 naturally and neceffarily bound to o-
bey their Sovereign, fhould not be permit¬
ted to know who, or what the fame is, u e.
Whether the Parliament of England, or that
of Ireland; and in what Cafes the one, and
in what the other. Which uncertainty is
or may be made a pretence for my Difobe-
dience.
It is abfiird, that Engli{h-men in Ireland,
fhould either be Aliens there, or elfe to be
bound to Laws, in the making whereof they
are not reprefented.
It is abfurd if the Legiflative Power be in
Ireland, that the final judgment of Caufes
between man and man,fhould be in England,
.viz*


* of IRELAND.
' K vit. the Writs of Error ihould remove Cau-
"_2 ; •■ ies out of Ireland, to the fang's Bench in
; England. That the final determination of
t; .M°t Admiralty-Caules, and of ibme Caufes-Ec-
. nwjt clefiaftical, ihould be alio ended in England j
;nor tijat men fhould know whether the
■ ,/t; Chancery of England have juriiciiction in Ire-
fmm iang • and whether the Decrees of Chancery
®; in one Chancery, can be executed in the
•^4 other.
w is m t As for Inconveniences, it is one, That we
Ion ton fhould do to Trade between the two King¬
doms,as the Spaniards in do to
.i-iMsof ah 0ther Nations ;• for which caufe all other
ilj boundts Nations have war with them there,
lootbepetr And that a Ship trading from Ireland in-
thtiaKis, to the I Hands of Amer, fhould be forced to
tr-H® unlade the Commodities fhipt for Ireland in
■'ik® England, and afterwards bring them home;
b uncertain: thereby neceffitating the Owners of fuch
;fotnifi Goods to run unneceiTary hazard and Ex.
pences.
-wfiin frf- It is inconvenient that the fame King's
re,orelfet; SubjeSts fhould pay Cuftoms as Aliens,
ig wherejft palling from one part of the lame their
own King's Territories to another.
,VePo«rl*
mentofGs The chief Objection againft the remedy
Ibein^ of theie tvilsis;
* D That


34 Political Anatomy
That his Majefty would by the Union
lole much of his Double-Cuftoms. Which
being true, let's lee what the lame amounts
unto ; and if it be lufficient to hinder the
remedy of thele Evils, and if it be irrepa¬
rable by lome other way.
Ann. 1664. which was the belt year of
'T rade that hath been thefe many years in
Ireland, w hen neither Plague nor Wars im¬
peached it, and when men were generally
dilpoled to Splendor and Liberality, and
when the A£t for hindring Cattel coming
out of Ireland into England, was not yet
made; nor that made lor unlading in Eng¬
land Ships bound from America into Ireland;
I fay, in that year the Cuftoms upon expor¬
ted and imported Commodities, between
Ireland and England, was but
— but not i thereof, which
fince,how eafily may it be added to the other
Charges upon England and Ireland, which
are together perhaps 1500 M. Ann ?
2. If it be for the good of England to
keep Ireland a diftinQ: Kingdom, why do
not the predominant Party in Parliament
(Tuppole the Weftern Members) make Eng¬
land beyond Trent another Kingdom, under
Commerce, and take Tolls and Cuftoms
upon the new Borders ? Or why was there
ever


V
36 The Political Anatomy
. Of the Government ir e l a n d.
THE Government of Ireland is by the
King, 21 Biflhops (whereof four
are ArchBifhops) and the Temporal
Peers; whereof lome part, —
by reafon of the late Rebellion, do not fit
in Parliament.
n By about 3000 Freeholders, and the
Members of about 100 Corporations, the
Univerfity at Dublin reckoned for one, re-
prelented in the Houle of Commons, by
about 270 Knights, Citizens and Bur-
geiTes.
The Parliament lb conftituted,have a Ne¬
gative upon any Law that the Lord Lieute-.
nant and Councel fhall offer tojthe King,
and which the King and his Councel in
England, (hall under the Great Seal remit to
the laid Parliament.
The Sheriffs of Counties, and of Cities
and Counties in Ireland are 40, finally ap¬
pointed by the Lord Lieutenant, each of
which hath about Ten Bailiffs.
The Chief Governour, called lometimes
Lord-Lieutenant, fometimes Lord-Deputy,
lometimes Lords Juftices, with a Coun¬
cil, at this time confifting of about 50 Mem¬
bers,


of IRELAND.
bers, do govern in all Matters belonging to
Ilium, the Peace, Prerogative, &c.
There be five Courts, a Chancery,
,:fsT confifting of a Lord-Chancellor, Matter of
v J ™t the Rolls, and two, three or four Sallariated
" " ?• Matters of Chancery. The Kjngs-Bench, of
" ~ a Lord-Chief-J uftice,and two other Judges.
toon, Jo at 1 The Common-Pleas of the like: The
Exchequer, of a Lord-Chief-Baron,and two
t other Barons, with the Treafurer and Chan-
Grpoadoos,! cellor of the Exchequer: And a Preroga-
.rifflone, tive, whereof the Primate of Armagh is
of Commons, Judge.
jim 'd 1 There is alio a Palatinate-Court in Tippe-
rary, whereof the Duke of is Lord
Itadjftf of the liberties and Regalities to it belong-
itthtLodli ing. There is alio a Court of Admiralty
ofetoibtS Every Bifhop hath alfo two Courts. And
cJ his Cox there have been formerly and lately(but now
Jreatfal® An.1tfys.fufpended)a Prefidencyof
and another of Conn who meddle not
oss andofC with Life or Limb, nor Titles of Land.
are'40, fioaif There is alfo a Court- for the
leute/iant, ® Affairs of the Army, who in times of peace
klj often tranfmit accus'd perions to the Civil.
Jytff power.
aa latHf ^0 a'l drele Courts do belong —
Mth J & Officers, — Councilors of
fjioutjo" Law, whereof I reckon ■——- are


The Political Anatomy
of the firft Claflis, gaining by Eftimation
about 600 1. per Ann. each —— —
of the 2d. gaining about 3001 Ann. And
• of the 3d gaining' not above
100 I. per Ann. .There are alio ——— •
{worn Attornies, gaining about 120 1. per
Ann. one with another.
There are in Ireland about 950 Juftices
of the Peace, appointed by the Lord-Chan¬
cellor ; an Head-Conftable for each Barony
or Hundred being 252 ; and a Petty Con-
ftable for each Parifh; whereof are about
2278.
The Ecclefiaftical Government is by
Arch-Bifhops, Bifhops, Arch-Deacons,
Deans of Cathedral-Churches, in all which
there are now actually but one Quire entire,
and tliat in Dublin, ferving both at Cbrifi-
Church, and St. Patrick's. And the Parlbns,
Vicars and Curates for the Protejlant-Re¬
ligion, are in all IrelanddX. this day near $00,
and about half the Tythes are Impropriate,
and belonging to Lay men.
This is the State of the External and Ap¬
parent Government of Ireland, lo far as it
concerns the Number and Species of Perlons
managing the lame. But the Internal and
Myftical Government of Ireland js thus,
viz.
1. There


of IRELAND.
i. There are always about Twenty Gen¬
tlemen of the Irifb Nation and Popijk-Reli¬
gion, who by realon of their Families, good
Parts, Courtly Education and Carriage, are
fupported by the Irijb to negotiate their
Concernments at the Court of England,
and of the Vice-Roy in Ireland
Thele men raile their Contributions by
the Priefts (who actually and immediately
govern the People.) The Priefts are go-
vern'd byatleaft 24 Bilhops, all of
whom have a long time been converlant
j in France, Spain, Italy, Germany, England,
a whereas Chaplains and Almoners, &c. they
i„[ have made an intereft with the governing
Men and Minifters of State in thole leveral
" Kingdoms, and have obtained lome Benefits
and Preferments from them.
So as the Body of the (being
about 800 M. whereof near 700 M. do live
in wretched Cabbins, without Chimney or
Window) are govern'd by about 1000 Ser
cular Priefts, and 2 500 Friars and Regulars
of leveral Orders; whereof moft are
cifcans, next Dominicans and but
few Capuchins and Je/uits or Carthufians.
Thele, I lay, are govern'd by their refpe.
ftive Bilhops and Superiors, whom the Mi-
D 4 nifters


40 1 be Political Anatomy
nifters of Foreign States do alio govern and
dire£t.
So as upon the whole matter, the Iri(by
who are the Bulk of the Nation, are go*
vern'd indire&ly by Foreign Power; and lo
are the aforenamed Lay-Patriots, their
fupport coming from the Clergy con-
ftituted as aforelaid, and who do notoriouf.
ly exercife their Spiritual JurifdiQdon in Ire¬
land : And do alfo exert a Temporal Power,
by prevailing with Juftices of the
Peace, to lend fuch to Gaol as are dilobedi-
ent to the Clergy, upon feigned or frivolous
Complaints, which they caule to be brought
• againll them,
The Judges aforenamed, all but the
Chancellor, go Circuits, whereof there are
five twice every year, excepting only the one
County of Kjrry.
There is an Univerfity at , but
lying for the moft part within one College,
wherein are a.Provoftandleven Senior and
Ruiing Fellows; Nine Junior Fellows;
fixty Sch lars ; and at this time
Commorers and other Students.
There was about the year 1669 ere£ted
a College of Phyficians,confiding of a Pre-
fident, and x 3 Fellows.


The Political Anatomy
Of the Militia and Defence of Ireland.
HERE be in Ire,as elfewhere,
two Militias; one are the Juftices of
Peace, their Militia of High and Petty
Conftables ; as alio the Sherifls Militia of
his Servants and Bailiffs, and Poffe Comita¬
tes upon extraordinary occafions.
Of thefe all together there are in Ireland
near 3000; all of which are bound within
their feveral Diftri&s, there to a&, and not
elfewhere.
There is, or hath lately been an Army in
Ireland, of about thirty Troops of Horfe^
and fixty Companies of Foot, with a Re¬
giment of Guard at Dubl, as a Life-Guard
for the Lord Lieutenant, making in all about
five thoufand Men.
There is alio a Proteftant Militia, of
about 24000 Men, viz. about ten thoufand
Horfe, and the reft Foot.
The people of Ireland are all in Factions
and Parties, called Englijh and Prote¬
ftant s and Papifts: Though indeed the real
diftinftion is vefted and devefted of the
Land belonging to Papifts,Ann. 1641. Of
which the Irifh that are vefted by Reftorati-
on, feem rather to take part with the deve¬
fted.


c/IRELAND.
'MUNd, fijh-Clergy have at the Protejiants is, that
.. they liave the ChurchLivings and Junfdicl-
ions ; for the exercife of their Funftidh they
have moft freely, and had,when they under-
took their Project in 1641. The differences
■J-mil j between the Old Irijh, and Old
if Cm* is afleep now, becaule they have a Common
®\ Enemy.
;iul*U The Old Protejlar/ts of Queen Elizabeth
and King James's Plantation (till of late) did
ai, audar not much love the New Englijh; who came
over fince 1641. or rather fince 16 46.8c 1648.
tDauAmfi becaule they envied the great Shares which
xps of Hot they had gotten of the forfeited Lands from
ot,withI the Late Ufurpers. But now they alio are
siLfoGi well enough together, fince the laid Old
inginalata Proteftants have had good Provilb's in the
A&sof Settlement and Satisfaction for their
Militia, f Service before June 1649. and fince the
:teathotdac Church-Revenues have been augmented by
the Forfeitures; but chiefly, for that the
fflioh&k laid Old Protejiants have all the Power and
Unjkf't Preferments Civil, Military, and Ecclelia-
ideedtbera ftical.
eftd of 4 Of the New Enfome are Con/or-'
, 1^1 (• rnifis, others not: And fome have fallen in
Mo® • with other Parties, and others not.
iyMo®
itftthedrtf
ii
Of


The Tolitical Anatomy
Of the Old Proteftants, there are alio
Parties, I cannot! lay Faftions, chiefly de¬
nominated by the Names of their Families,
as the Butlers and Fwereof
old.
But to return; The chief Faftions are
the veiled and devefted of forfeited Lands:
all lrifh and Papijls generally fearing the
latter, and moll Englifh and the
former, as appears in all Juries and Tefti-
monies given where the Lands or Lives of
one or other are concerned. Now in fome
Counties, as in Kjrry, many Forfeitures
happened, andfewReftorations, and there
alio few Engltfl) were ever planted, nor can
well endure to live: So as the firft fort of
Militia in thefe and other like Counties,
are Irip-P ipifis, devefted and dilcontented
Perfons. Whereby the few Englifh there,
can have no Juftice executed, for want of
hand wherewith to do it: Nor can they ea-
fily get indifferent Juries, but that the She¬
riffs are Englijh for the moft part, and moft
commonly Proteftants. In which Cafe,
fome have been of opinion, that the other
Militia, namely the Army, may both in
Law and Reafon fupply this defect in times
when there is not occafion for them, to
guard the Land from Invafion and Rebelli¬
on.


The Political Anatomy
Garifbns upon aftual Duty, or in other ca¬
fes to be agreed upon between the Civil and
Military Powers fb call'd, although there
can be no Countrey without Force, nor any
Army without a Policy and Difcipline.
But of this let the Lawyers talk further.
As for the Military Force of Ireland, Vul¬
garly and properly focall'd, i. The Hand¬
ing Army is fuch as the prefent Revenue
can well maintain, which perhaps is, or
very lately was about 6000, and is every
.year or other year changed, as to his Maje-
fty feems beft. 2. The Proteftant Militia
now already eftablifhed and formed, is a-
bout 24 or 2 5 thoufand men, moft of them
already experienc'd in the Wars of Ire
land.
The Third, of grand Force againft Fo¬
reign Invafions, I conceive may be 70 M.
Men of the beft affe&ed, and leaft Pope-
affected Irify; for fb many I conceive the
30000 of the ftanding. Army and prefent
Militia could well Officer and Command.
Now that 100 M. maybe fpar'd to fend
as Soldiers in a time of extremity, I think
}t plain,, for that there are 5 yo M. Males in
Ireland, whereof 150 M. can perform all
the neceffary Labor of Husbandmen and
Trades-men; 2co M.of them are perhaps un-
jS5ES§3303


**l of IRELAND.
der 16, and above 60. Nor doth the quali-
Civil® ty 0f t{ie Remaining, exempt them from fer-
tin vice, who are to ftand for a referve.
And this Force I take to be fufficient to
Miplit refill any number of men which any Prince
'2#Wer, of the World hath Shipping enough to
| bring into Ireland, with fuch Horle,
'•TlMini Arms, Ammunition and Victuals as are
falmnje for fiich an Enterprize.
1 fttofit, u To lay nothing, that the fubftance of Ire-
aadistr® land is chiefly Cartel, which be eafily remo-
, isratusMi; ved to wafte the Countrey where the Ene-
:.ihcMi: my lhall land.
:d formed,is And how confidera'ole the ftanding Ar-
1, nioJofft my of 6000 men, and the Veteran Militia,
c Wars o(l of above 2400c, who .have not only the
Command, but the poffeflion and proprie-
oraajaioftf ty of all the ftrong and terrible Places in
nyybe 70! Ireland, and ' of all the Horfe lerviceable in
anjblPs War> and at lead \ of all Shipping, and
laKcitt! England to help and countenance, hath
ic and prti been competently mentioned before; and
,„j Qnn that the Bulk of the are the Inhabi-
Vrsr'd to fe tants ^e aforenamed 160 M. wretched
' jd Cabins-men, flavifhly bred and dealt with
il Maloi by their own Lords and Patriotsand that
' Jjiuji the reftored Irifb, reftored to their Eftates
1 almoft by Miracle, will be careful how they
mh?Di» engage any more upon a frivolous, impious
< ^ Undertaking. Of


48
The Political Anatomy
I
Of the Ccelum and Solum of Ireland.
T> Y the Ccelum or Sky," I underftand the
Heat, Coldnels,. Drowth, Moifture,
Weight and Sufceptions of Air, and the Im-
preflions made upon it, The ftate of
the Winds, as whether the W ind blows in
Ireland in companion with, or differently
from other Places; as from what points of
the Compafs the Wind blows moft fre¬
quently or fiercely, and what proportion of
the whole year from each Point. 2. As to
Heat and Cold, I conceive the lame ought
to be meafur'd by the Weather Glals or
Thermometer, j. As to Wetnels or Moi¬
fture, by the fhrinking of Lute-ftrings, by
the quantity of Rain falling upon a certain
quantity of level luperficies, and by the
quantity of Water dried up with the lame
time out of a Yelfel of like Figure, and
equal dimenfions.
As for other changes in the Air, luppoled.
to depend upon the gravity or levity thereof,
I fuppole the lame is to be known by the
Inftrument call'd the Barrimeter. ,
To the much or little Sunfhine, whereof
Ireland hath been much abus'd; the lame
is to be meafur'd by an Inftrument found
for that purpole. W here-



a
wk,IIAi
^.andtbeli
ffSl
cfI RE LAND. 49
Wherefore fines it is finall fetisfa£tion
to lay the Air of Ireland is mild and tempe¬
rate, inclin'd to moifture, &c. Arid fince
the true and clear knowledge thereof de¬
pends upon feveral long, tedious, and rc •
terated Obfervations, fimple and compara¬
tive, made in the feveral parts of Irelandy
... in the feveral Seafons of the Year, and com-
:at/| par'd with the like Obfervations, made with
(he feme or like Inftruments, in the feveral
. ) nit parts 0f the Earth; we mull for the prefent
proportion on]y fey? that there are in being the feveral
ran i. ii Inftruments following,
e theme o»[
AeatherGk- x. Anlnftrument to meafure the moti¬
on of the Wind, and confequently its
ftrength.
nguponicsr. 2. How many Hours in the day in the
its, and: whole year it blows frpm any point of the
up with tt;- Compals, ,
:ke figure,i j. To meafure what quantity of Rain
falls in the year upon any quantity or Ipace
the Air, iff of ground .
orbfdw 4. What Air is moft deficcative of moift-
e known: nefe.
rmtttr. I'i 5. What Alterations are made in the gra-
jftine, wtevity and levity of the Air from Hour to
is'd; thefcHour.
tfc«
flt E 6. The


50 The Political Anatomy
6. The Thermometer or Weather-Glafs
of the better Fort.
7. The Inftrument to meafure and fore-
tel Froft and Snow.
Which Inftruments many men muft
make ule of in the leveral parts of
and the reft of the World, and correfpon-
ding with each other, communicate and cor-
reft their Obfervation by Realbn.
In the mean time let it fuffice to lay, that
1 at Dublin the Wind blows 2 parts of 5 from
the South-Weft to the Weft, one part from
South-Weft to the South; one other from
the Weft to North-Eaft, and the reft from
the North-Eaft to the South} 3 parts of 10
between Weft arid South-Weft between
S.W. and S. S. E. between S. S. E. and
N. E. by. N. N. E.by N. to N. & W. or
very near thereabouts.
2. That from the 10th of to the
1 r th of Mar thy it blows a kind of Storm for
fome time or other almoft every day.
3. That the Snow lies not long in the
lower ground of Ireland. Nor doth it freeze
more than what it doth in France, Holland,
or England,
x ' 4. The


wt®> of IRELAND. 51
*Wb4b^ ^ The Rain falling at Dublin and London
forthe Month 66 j. wasbut2oto
j g That the windinefs of the fame Month
was at Dublin 20. and at London but 17.
5. As for the healthfulnels of the Cli-
"-ir ma 1 mate, City, or other fpace of Land; It muft
f® "IInk be firft known how many people are in a cer-
, andcorre/p tain day living in it, and then the quota pars .
DUXtatoo which die per Ann. for many years together;
Mi, and for the fruitfulnefs, how many Births.
6. As to Longevity, enquiry muft be
icttofaf, made into fbme good old Regifter of (lup-
npasotj! pole) 10 perfons, who all were born and
cti, one put! buried in the lame Parifh, and having call
hi oneottier up the time which they all lived as one man,
and the ret the Total divided by 20 is the life of each
ah; jpiit; one with another ; which compared with
i.WellIn the like Oblervation in leveral other places,
:vreenS.SI will fhew the difference of Longevity, due
S,toNi' allowance being made for extraordinary
contingenGes, and Epidemical Dileafes hap-
>io(SM pening refpe&ively within the period of
atindofSn each Obfervation.
evefl if 1
5 "not loi?'i WhereforeMatters being not as yet prepa-
Vordotht' re<^ ^or thele Experiments, I can lay nothing
'c ft clearly of them; Only, That it feems by
the belt Eftimates and Approaches that I
have been able to make, that London is
l E 2 more


S2
'111
The Political Anatomy
more healthful than Dublin by 3 in 3 2.
Having laid thus much of the Calum of
Air, or rather of the and way
of diftinguifhing Airs in a better manner
than ufual: We come next to try the nature
of the Soil by the like Expedients.
To which purpole, find know, that the
Perch of Ireland is 2 r Foot, that of England,
but 16 J i Wherefore the Acre of 16oPerches
is as 121 to 196 , that is 121 Acres
do make 196 Englijb Statute Acres. Now
in Ireland a Milch-Cow, if English breed,
upon two Acres of Paftufe, and with as
muchHay as will grow upon ' Acre of Mea¬
dow, will yield praer propter 3 Gallons of
Milk for 90 days, one with another, and
one Gallon at a Medium for 90 more, and
for 90 more Icarce ~of a Gallon one day
with another, and for 90 more, dry. Where¬
fore it follows, that fuch a Cow upon fuch
feeding, gives above one Tun and half i
nay, 3 84 Gallons of Milk per Ann.And that
if the Rent of the {aid two Acres of Pafture
be 5 s.pirJnn and of the half A ere of Mea¬
dow 3. in all 8 s. That the Gallon of Milk
eomes but to a Farthing, expefting what
the value and hazard of the Cow, and the
labour of milking and looking to her, lliall
add unto that price; which I fuppole not a-
bove as much more. The


MtOK]|
of IRELAND.
J )f i The faid quantity of Milk will make 2 i
J"!' C.ofRaw-Milk-Cheele, and 1C. of Whey-
«««,indjitter, belides Whey for the Swine: Or
iramm elle 2 C.of Butter, and 1 C.ofSkim-Milk-
i-nirjtBBW Cheeie, befides Whey as abovefaid, for
•' , Drink to the People, and Food for Swine.
Mff/a Mem. That one Bull fuffices for about
adttrfie 20 Cows. That a Cow continues Milch
>mlit}) to and bearing, from 3 or 4 years old to 12,
:Jcrt). St fometimes 20, tholeldom fuffer'd to livefo
il tt;i|lk long. And that three Dairy-women will
and vik manage io Cows, and do much work of 0-
»n!Aoeo(l ther kind between While 5 and that one
::t j Galiffi Man will look to them and their Food,
■uh another,; An Ox of 6or 7 years old willnot require
arpvM lb much feeding as a Milch-Cow, but will
Gallon ones be .maintained with two Acres of good Pa-
n^dry.l ftureonly, or with i i Acres of Failure, and
iCoa'upe I Acres of Hay, in hard W inters.
leTuaandli An Horle requires 2® Acres, as a Garran,
-.rjltt. Ail; and a Imall Horlctor JnfJj Garram'f, or there-
jAcresofM abouts.
JulfAcitol1 Eight or ten Sheep are equivalent for feed -
lie Gallon oil ingtoanOx.
gjpjflsgti It is further to be noted, that? 1. • C.
I Coir, oi 3 Calf at a Month old weighs i i
That


The Political Anatomy
That an Ox is come to its full
growth at 6 years old, and then
T he 4 quarters of fuch an Ox weighs 5 C.
The Hide,
The Tallow 801.
And confequently the laid Ox >
gaineth every year of weight in 1.
Flefh to eat J
ofthewhole. 1
The difference between lean Beef and fat
Beef in value is as 5 to 9.
In Sheep the increafe of their Flelh, Skin
and Tallow, is about the lame proportion.
And yet Sheeps Flefh is fold dearer than
Beef, becaufe of the great trouble and Ha¬
zard about Sheep.
A Fleece of Wool in Ireland is about % I.
weight.
An Hog eats fuch things as Sheep and Ox¬
en do not, viz,. Roots, Acorns, and con¬
fequently the lame Land will maintain a
proportion of Hogs above Sheep and Oxen.
One-Cowherd willforve an hundred Oxen;
one Shepherd 1000 Sheep.
may weigh alive
In Hide —
In Tallow
The Offal Worth,befides half /
From


of IRELAND. 55
From all that hath been laid, we coHe&,
that the natural and genuine Rent of Lands
in Ireland, not that of Money, or Gold and
Silver; is
Of Milk, deducing Charges Gall.
Of Beef and Mutton-— —.
Of Hides and Skin —— —
Of Oflall —
Of Wooll. .
So as where Lands produce more or lels
per Ann. communibus annis of thele Com¬
modities, the lame is to be accompted more
or left fertil than that of Ireland.
Moreover from hence we lhall endeavour
to gather the number of Cattel in , as
followeth, viz,.
There being 7 \Millions of Acres of good
Meadow, Arrable, and Failure-Land in Ire¬
land , belides Bog with Shrub-wood, &c.
commonly call'd unprofitable Land; and
for that 7 a Million fupplies the Inhabitants
\yith Corn for Bread and Drink, Man and!
Beaft, Hemp Flax and Rape, as lhall be
hereafter Ihewn from the number of the
people, their manner of eating, from the
number of Mills, and from the value of the
Tythes, &c. fuppofing the other 7 Millions
to be competently well ftoekt, let us firft
E 4 lee


of I R E L A N t>.
for all other Cattel, Beafts and Vermine)
5 * Millions for great Cattel, which will fted
about 3 Millions of that Species.
If there be 3 Millions of} 70o M. arider
Black Cattel, there be^ years old. <Soo
1500 M. of Males, between ?and
25 M. Bulls. J17 5 above <5.
Of Females 1500 M. whereof £ are milch-
Cows,viz,-. 6octM. dooM.Calves and Hei¬
fers under 3, and 300 of other forts.
Where note, that of all the Black-Cat-«
tel above-named, there are M. exported
alive, and 30 M. dead in Barrels. Of the
Sheep not 100 M.
Of ButteCf whereof One of the 660 M.
Milch-Cows may well yield 1 C. Weight
pef Ann.bUt idoboC, Of the proceed of
26003 Cows. ' From whene-6 may be foen
whether the Trade of thofo Commodities
be yet at bell: For I guels that the i of the
1; jiiilt whole Stock may be annually fpeftt at home
j„ (aj; or exported abroad. *
jfaCl^ It remains only to lay, that One Jftfb ACftf
of Irift> Land, requires of Seed, and return*
as folio wet h.
Seed.
Wheat 4 Bufhels, and produces 16 to 3
Rye 4 20 to 40.
Bean-
tfE'


58 The Potitic alAnatomy
Bean-Early 6 20 to 48
Oats 6 to 32
Barley 4 20 tO'40
Peafe4 12 to'i8
. • [^aj
One Horfe plows »o Acres, and there
goes 1 Man to 3 Horfes.
I! II
Of the Proportion in , which
veral Counties in Ireland do bear to each
other,viz.
THE value or proportion of the leveral
Counties in Ireland, doth feem much
to depend upon the number of Acres which
each doth contain.' And therefore, and
for leveral other Realbns, moft of the Land
of Ireland hath, within thefe laft 40 years,
foi &r d- keen admeafured by the Chain and Inftru-
iy. n 0 ' meat, viz. The King and Queens Counties,
about the Year.'630. The County of
Londonderry, when the City of L ondon un¬
dertook the Plantation by one Mr. ;
Connought and T if p the Earl of Straf¬
ford's time, by leveral hands, lometimes
conduced by Mr. William Gilbert.
The


\ of IRELAND. 59
The Lands belonging to Papifts
' 164i.in the threeProvinces ofMunjlcr ,Lem-
"I0" fier and Vljler,by Sir William Petty. Other
UW.il proteftant Lands in the lame three Provin-
,, ces, in order to regulate Contributions, by
™ the Owners of the laid Lands themfelves:
But in lo divided and feparated a manner,
that little Accompt can be given of them,
befides what was collected by the laid Sir
William Petty, who at his own charge, be-
lides thole Maps of every Parifh, which
by his Agreement he delivered into the
Surveyor-General's Office, he hath cauled
diftincfc Maps to be made of every Barony,
or Hundred; as alio of every County, en¬
graven in Copper, and the like of every
Province, and of the whole Kingdom. All
which, could the Defe&s of them be fup-
plied with the yet unmealured Lands,would
be expoled to publick view.
Now as to the value of thefe Lands,
th'ey were Am. 1/542.. rated to and by the
Adventurers asfolloweth, viz. in Lemjler
at 12 s .perAcre; in M at 9.S. in Con-
naught at 6 s. and in Vlj at 4 s. and to pay
1 Farthing per Ann. Quit-rent to the King
# out of each Shillings-worth of Land fo ra¬
ted, viz. j d. or 12 Farthings for an *.cre
in Lemjler rated at 12 s. 9 q. or 2} an Acre
)l for


ill
.
60 The Political Anatomy
for Lands itiMttnfiir, rated at 9 s. & ce¬
teris. Wood, Bog, and Mountain, to be
caft in over and above.
Afterwards the Soldiers, who were td
have the fatisfa£Hon of their Arrears at the
feme rate, not being willing to caft Lots
upon fuch defperate hazards, did Ann. *65-3.
equalize Counties within each Province,
viz. took fome in , at 11. 2 s. per
Acre, fome at 11. &c. And thole who were
fetisfied Ann. 1655. and afterwards, did
equalize not only Counties, but Baronies
alfo, valuing fbme Baronies in Lemfier at
11.4 s. per Acre, and fome but at s. and
others at all rates between thefe two ex-
treams. But fo as that, notwithftanding
all the feid differences, the whole Province
fhould be given and taken at 12 s Acre,
according to the then Law. And the Ine¬
quality remaining after this Equalization,
was to be corrected by a Lot.
I could here infert all the particulars of
thefe Tranfa&ions, but conceive it imperti¬
nent to my purpofe, efpecially fince they
may be feen upon Record. The next and
beft of all preceding equalization, was that
which the Concernees of each County
made in order to regulate the heavy Contri¬
butions paid to the Uforpers before His Ma-
jefties
1
itiv'i


aft*
of I RE LAND.
jefties Reftoration, and when no Qy it-Rent
was yet due. And in order to this work,
not Baronies as before, but Parifhes, nay,
particular Farms were alfo equalized. What
was done herein,was not publickly recorded,
but collefted by the curious, and too Bulky
to be here inlerted. Only take notice, that
thele Valuations were made as Parties inte¬
rallied could prevail upon and againft one
another by their Attendance, Friends, Elo¬
quence,and Vehemence; forwhat otherFoun-
dationofTruth it had in Nature,Iknow not.
Next to this Valuation, there was, in or¬
der to a certain Gift prefented to HisMaje-
fty, by the Adventurers and Soldiers, of a
years value of all their Lands as it yielded
Ann. 1659. next immediately before his
Reftoration. There iftued a Commiffion,
Ann. 1663. to enquire and fettle the laid
Values. And about t 7. there were made
two leveral Valuations more; the one in
order to reprize fuch who had reftored
Lands to the Innocent Irijb in equal value;
and another was a Determination what
each Land was worth Ann. 1659. (what¬
ever it yielded): Both which, efpecially the
latter, are upon Record moft authentically.
Moreover, Ann. i65}, and 1654. there
were Inquifitions taken of the Values which
all


62 The Political Anatomy
all and every parcel of Land in Ireland yiel¬
ded Ann. 1641. There have been alfo
feveral Afts of the chief Powers pro
pore, for apportioning what proportion of
a certain Sum to be levied in general, fhould
in particular becharg'd on each County,
Ann. 1657. there was an Aft of the Ulur-
per's Parliament to that purpofe. Ann. 1662.
There was an Aft for railing 30 M.l. as a
Prefent to his Grace the Duke of Ormond;
and another for railing of for fe¬
veral publick Ufes And Ann. 1672. for
the equal railing of 300001. per Ann. upon
all the Lands and Houfes of the whole Na¬
tion. There be alfo Accompts of what
was raifed out of each County by way of
Subfidyand Pole-money, 166 x. All
which may be of much light to thole who
have fuch defigns as the lame will anfwer.
But I being alfur'd by whom, and for what
ends, and by what means every fuch Valu¬
ations and Inquilitions were refpeftively
made, had rather attempt fome Rule in na¬
ture, whereby to value and proportionate
the Lands of Ireland: The fir ft whereof I
propofetobe; That how many Men, Wo¬
men a-nd Children live in any Countrey Pa-
rifh, that the Rent of-that Land is near
about fo many times 15 s.. be the quantity


The Political Anatomy
alone. To which purpofe, fuppofe two
Acres of Pafture-land inclofed, and put
thereinto a wean'd Calf, which I fuppofe
in twelve Months will become i C. hea¬
vier in eatable Flefh; then C. weight of
fuch Flefh, which I fuppofe fifty days
Food, and the Intereft of the Value of the
Calf, is the value or years Rent of the
Land. But if a Mans labour —— •
for a year can make the laid Land to yield
more than fixty days Food of the fame, or
of any other kind., then that overplus of
days food is the Wages of the Man; both
being exprelfed by the number of days food.
That fbme Men will eat more than ci¬
thers, is not material, fince by a days food
we underftand ,l > part of what 100 of all
Sorts and Sizes will eat, fb as to Live, La¬
bour, and Generate. And that a days
food of one fort, may require more labour
to produce, than another fort, is alfo not
material, fince we underftand the eafieft-
gotten food of the refpe&ive Countries of
the World.
As for example, I fuppofe a pint of
Oatmeal equal* to half a pint of Rice, or
a quart of Milk, "or a pound of Bread, or
a pound and quarter of Flefh, &c. each,
in the refpedive place where each is the
eafieft


of IRELAND. 69
MUD, 2. The value of Silver riles and falls it
felf; for Men make Velfels of coyned Sil-
iktitil ver> if they can gain by the Workmanfhip
; 3; enough to defray the Deftru&ion of the
•ittkriiii Coynage, and withal, more than they
oriril could expert by employing the fame Silver
Kjje|-S as Money in a way of Trade. Now the
MfaGoi -Accidents of lo doing, make Silvbf rile and
V, -t. fall, and conlequently take from the per-
oii fed Aptitude for being an uniform iteady
:Rule and Meaiure or all othei4 things,
^ c[ The Milchiefs and Inconveniences hither-
j- j to mentioned, are common to all times and
. places; but in Ireland, are more particular;
=»*, and Hand thus, viz. F
' A piece of 8 Rials being full 17. penny
- - weight, pafleth for 4 s9 if it want but
:a grain of the weight, tho half a grain of Sil-
, '•** ver be worth but the » of a Farthing, or »V
ici ; of a Penny, then it pafles for 3 d lels,
toteotu g j ancj j£jt wejgh ten grains above
ft) kilt ,y d. weight, it pafles but for ^s.cjd On
)iti11 the other hand, if it weigh but 12 weight,
jotfi® it pafles nevertheleft for 4/. 6 d. And if
ike Monci'. tj-|e silver be courlc, if not fo courle, as not
fonlfii® to be called Silver, yet ftill it pafles for the
^ lame. Moreover, the fineneft cannot be de¬
termined by common Eyes Icarce at all,
. by the beft not within 4 d. in an Ounce,
J F 3 by


The Political Anatomy
by the Touchftone not within 2 d. and by
the Teftit lelf not within an half-penny.
Laftly, The Scales and Weights differ-fo
much from each other, as what is 4/. yd.
in one Houle, is but 4 6d. in the next,
& vice verfa. From whence it comes to
pals, that all pieces weighing above 17
weight,'are cull'd out to buy or make pieces
of 14^. weight pals for 4 6d.
2. Other Species of Coyn, which pro
rata contain the fame quantity of the like
Gold and Silver, with the piece of eight
Ilials, goes in one Species for more, in
another forlels. What hath been laid of
"the Silver-fpecies, may be laid of the Gold-
fpecies; and what differences are between
Silver and Silver, and between Gold and
Gold, is dllo between Silver and Gold
Coy its. So as it becomes a Trade toftudy
and make Advantages of thele Irregu¬
larities, to the prejudice of the good Peo¬
ple ," who are taught, that whatever is
Called Money, is the lame, and regu¬
lar, and uniform, and a juft Meafure of all
Commodities. From whence it hath hap¬
pened, that all Englifh Money which hath
a great and delerved Reputation in the
World for its intrinfick Goodnels, is quite
Carried away out of Ire nd fuch Mo-
C . - i - < ■ r>a\T


of IRELAND.
ney brought inftead of it, as theft ftudied
Merchants do. from time to time bring in
for their Advaatage upon the Common
People, their Credulity and Ignorance.
But Money, that is to fay, Silver and
Gold, do at this day much decreaft in Ire¬
land, for the following Reafbns.
I. Ireland, Anno 1664. did not export
to a much greater Value than it imported,
viz,, about 62M. Since which time there
hath been a Law made to prohibit the Im¬
portation of great Cattel and Sheep, alive
or dead, into England",the Value whereof
carried into England in that very year 1664.
was above 150 M. I.The which was laid to
have been done, for that Ireland drained
away the Money of England. Whereas in
that very year England ftnt to Ireland, but
91 M. lels than it received from thence ;
and yet this fmall difference was faid to be
•the reafbn why the Rents of England fell
that is 1600 M. in 8 Millions. Which
was a Arrange coifeeir, if they confider far¬
ther, That the value of the Cattel alive or
dead, which went out of Ireland into
land, was but 132 M. the Hides, Tallow,
and Freight whereof were worth about |
that Money.
F 4 2. Whereas


72 The Political Anatomy
2. Whereas the Owners of about \, both
of all the real and perfonal Elfate of Ire¬
land, do live in England, fince the buli-
nels of the feveral Courts of Claims was
finifhed in December 1668. all that belongs
to them goes out, but returns not.
3. The gains of the Commiffioners of
that Court, and of the Farmers of the
Revenue of Ireland, who live in Eng*
land, have iflued out of Ireland without re¬
turns.
4. A confiderable part of the Army of
Ireland hath been fent into England, and
yet paid out of Ireland.
5. To remit fb many great Sums out of
Ireland into England, when all Trade be¬
tween the laid two Kingdoms is prohibi¬
ted, muft be very chargeable; for now
the Goods which' go out of Ireland, in or¬
der to furnifh the faid Sums in England,
muft for Example go into the Barbados, and
there be fold for Sugars, which brought
into England, are fold for Money to pay
there what Ireland owes. Which way be¬
ing fo long, tedious and hazardous, muft
neceflarily fo raiie the exchange of Money,
as we have 'feen 15 per Cent. frequently gi¬
ven, Jnno 16 pi. and Anno 16 7 2. Altho
|n truth, exchange can never be naturally
more
' x
v ^


of IRELAND.
more than the Land and Water-carriage
of Money between the two Kingdoms,
and the enfurance of the fame upon the
way, if the Money be - alike in both
places.
But Men that have not had the faculty
of making thefe Tranfmiflions with dexte¬
rity, have chofe rather to give 15 Cent.
Exchange, as aforefaid, than to put them-
felves upon the hazard of fuch underta¬
kings, and the milchief of being difap-
pointed.
Now the extraordinary decreafe of Gold
and Silver, put Men, whofe Affairs were
much difturb'd, thereby upon extraordi¬
nary Conceits, and fome very abfurd ones
for Remedy, as namely the railing of Spa-
nifb pieces of Eight, called Cobs in Ireland,
from 4 s. 9 d. to 5 or 6 Shillings, which
were before about 5 d. above the Value of
Englifh, that is 4 s.4 d. Money
weighed the fame with a Cob called 4 9 d.
For thefe diffracted People thought, that
calling their Money by a better Name, did
encreafe its value.
2. They thought that no Man would
carry Cobs of 5 s. out of Ireland into Eng-
l<nd, where they were called but 4 4 d.
altho he was neceffitated to pay 4 s. 4 in


74 The Political Anatomy
England, and had no other effeQs to do it
with. They thought that all Men who
lived in England, would return to their
Eftates in Ireland,rather than pay 15. per
Cent, for Exchange; not confidering, that
when Cobs were railed, that Exchange
would alio rile proportionably. They
fancied, that he who fold a Stone of Wooll
for two Cobs, call'd 9/. when Cobs were
rais'd, would fell his Stone of Wooll of ii
Cob when called 9 s.Nor did they think
how this frivolous conceit would have taken
away a proportionable part of all Land¬
lords Eftates in Ireland. As for Example,
thofe who a£ted moderately, would have
the Money rais'd part, and the part of
all the Money of Ireland, was then thought
to be but about 2o,oco I. The whole Calh
of Ireland being then eftimated,but 400 M
whereas the Landlords of Ireland, whole
Revenue is 800 M./. per muft have
loft v°- part of their whole Eftates for
ever, viz. 40 M. I. per Annum upon that
empty expedient.
But others, no lels fenuble of the diftrels
of the People, and the obftru£cions of
Trade by realon of the laid decay of Bulli¬
on, confidering that about 6go M. I. would
drive the Trade pf that Kingdom; for
that


of IRELAND.
that 300 M. would pay one half years
Gale of all the Land ; 50 M. would pay?
rent of all the Houfing, and that ijo M»
would more than pay a Weeks expence
of all the People of Ireland; and that
the whole Cafh moved chiefly in thole
Three Circles; They therefore thought to
make up their 400 M. I. prelent Cafh
by a Bank of 200 M./. more, the bot¬
tom and lupport whereof Ihould be Land >
for the Lands and Houles of Ireland be¬
ing worth about 8 Millions , whereof
200 M. I. was but the part. 'Twas
thought ealy to find many Fortieth parts
lo free from Incumbrances or queftion
as to give a being to luch a Bank.
Note, that Intereft in Ireland is 10per
Cent,which is a great hinderance to Trade;
fince the Interell muft enflame the price
of Irijh Commodities, and eonfequently
give to other Nations the means of un¬
derfilling.
75
Of the Trade of IRELAND.
F it be: true, that there are but about
16,000 Families in Ireland,who have
above one Chimney in their Houles; and
above


7 6 The Political Anatomy
above 180 M. others; It will be eafily un-
derftood what the Trade of this latter fort
can be, who ufe few Commodities; and
thole fuch as almoft every one can make
and produce. That is to lay, Men live in
fuch Cottages as themfelves can make in
3 or 4 Days ; Eat fuch Food (Tobacco ex-
cep.ed ) as they buy not from others; wear
fuchCloaths as the Wool of their own Sheep,
Ipun into Yarn by themfelves, doth make ;
their Shoes, called Brogues, are butlb
much worth as a Pair of Shoes;
nor of more than t in real ufe and value. A
Hat cofts 20 d. a Pair of Stockins bat a
good Shirt near 3s.The Taylors work of
a Doublet, Breeches and Coat.aboat 2
In brief, the Vi&uals of a Man, his Wife,
Three Children, and Servant, relblved into
Money,may be eftimated 3 s. Week,
or 1 d.per Diem. The Cloaths of a Man
30 s. per Arm. of Children under 16, one
with another 15 s.the Houfe not worth 5 s.
the Building; Fuel cofts nothing but fetch¬
ing. So as the whole Annual expen:e of
fuchaFamily, confifting of 6 in Number,
feems to be but about 52 Shillings per Ann.
each head one with another. So as 950. M.
Inhabitants of thefe Edifices', may fpend
2,375. M././w Ann.And the 150,000
who


The Political Anatomy
bours, and confequently each Labouring
Perfbn Earns .but 4 s. Ann. if all Work.
Or if each earns 8 I. then but half of them
work, or all but half their full time, or 0*
therwife in other proportions. But be it one
way or the other ; I am as certain that the
Hands of Ireland may Earn a Million per
Ann. more than they now do, as I am cer¬
tain that there are 750.600 in Ireland who
could earn 2 s.a week, of 51, per Ann. one
with another, if they had futable employ¬
ment, and were kept to their Labour.
I further obferve, that if there be natu¬
rally but 2000 Impotents in Ireland, and
that 50 Shillings per Ann. doth < maintain
the poorer fort of People ; It follows, that
8,000 I. per Ann. would amply maintain
all the Impotent1 of Ireland, if well apply'd.
For other Beggers, as alfb Thieves, and
Rebels, which are but bigger Thieves, are
probably but the faults and dfefefits of Go¬
vernment and Difcipline.
As for the fitnefs of Ireland for Trade,
we fay as followeth.
1jl. That IrelandcOnfiiff ng of above
18,000 fquare Miles ; it is not one Place
with another above 24 Miles from the Sea,
becaufe it is 750 Miles about: Wherefore
forafmttch as the Land-carriage of Grofs
that


©/IRELAND*
TheHoufing of 160 M. Families, is, as
hath been often faid, very wretched. But
their C loathing far better than that of the
French Pealants, or the poor of moft other
Countreys; which advantage they have
from their Wooll, whereof 12 Sheep fur-
nifheth a competency to one of thefe Fa¬
milies. Which Wool, and the Cloth made
of it, doth coft thefe poor people no lefs
than 50 M. I.-per Ann. for the dying it > a
trade exercifed by the Women of the
Countrey. Madder, Allum, and Indico,
are import d, but the other dying Stuffs
they find nearer home, a certain Mud taken
out of the Bogs ferving them for Copperas,
the Rind of feveral Trees,and Saw-dull:, for
Galls; as for wild and green Weeds, they
find enough, as alio of Rhamnus-Berries.
The Diet of thefe people is Milk, fweet
and fewer, thick and thin, which alfo is
their Drink in Summer-time, in Winter
Small-Beer or Water. But Tobacco ta¬
ken in fhort Pipes feldom burnt, feems the
pleafere of their Lives, together with Snee¬
zing : Infomuch, that f of their Expence
in Food, is Tobacco. Their Food is Bread
in Cakes, whereof a Penny ferves a Week
for each ; Potatoes from Augufi till Mayy
Mufeles, Cockles and Oyfters, near the Sea;
G Eggs .


82 The Political Anatomy
Eggs and Butter made very rancid, by keep¬
ing in Bogs. As for Flefh, they Seldom eat
it, notwithstanding the great plenty there¬
of, unlets it be of the fmaller Animals, be-
caule it is inconvenient for one of thefe Fa¬
milies to kill a Beef, jvhich they have no
convenience to lave. So as 'tis eafier for
them to have a Hen or Rabbet, than a piece
of Beef of equal fubftance.
Their Fewelis Turf in molt places; and
of late, even where Wood is molt plentiful,
and to be had for nothing, the cutting and
carriage of the Turf being more eafy than
that of W ood. But to return from whence I
digrelled, I may fay, That the Trade of
Ireland, among 11 parts of the whole peo-
pie, is little or nothing, excepting for the
Tobacco abovementioned, eltimated worth
about 50,000 1. for as much as they do not
need any Forreign Commodities, nor fcarce
any thing made out of their own Village.
Nor is above i part of their Fxpence other
than what their own Family produceth,
which Condition and ftate of living cannot
beget Trade.
And now I fliall digrels again to confider,
whether it were better for the Common¬
wealth to reftrain the expence of 150 M.
Optimates below 10 1. per Ann. each; or
to


of I RELAND.
to beget a luxury in the 9 50 M. Flebeians, lb
as to make them Ipend, and conlequently
earn double to what they at prelent do.
To which I anfwer in brief, That the
one fhall encreafe the Ibrdidnels and Iqual-
lor of living already too vifible in 950 M.
Plebeians, with little benefit to the Com¬
mon Wealth; the other fhall increale the
fplendor, Art andlnduftry of the 950 M. to
the great enrichment of the Common-
Wealth.
Again, Why fbould we be forbid the ufe
of any Foreign Commodity, which our own
Hands and Countrey cannot produce, when
we can employ our fpare Hands and Lands
upon fuch exportable Commodities as will
purchafe the lame, and more.
5. The keeping or leflemng of money, is
not of that conlequence that many guels it
to be of. For in molt places, efpecially
Ireland, nay, England it lelf, the Money of
the whole Nation is but abouftF of the Ex-
pence of one Year; viz. Ireland is thought
to have about 400 M. 1. in Cafh, and to
Ipend about 4 Millions per Ann. Where-
fo.re it is very ill-husbandry to double the
Cafh of the Nation, by aeltroying half its
Wealth; Ortoincreafe the Cafh otherwifb
G 2 than


of IRELAND. 85
whole Land be cut off from the other three
lent into England, were it poflible id to do ?
and if io, why may not the Rents of the
fame be actually lent, without prejudiceto
the other three parts of the IntereiTors
thereof ?
3. If all men were bound to ipend the
Proceed of their Lands upon the Land it ielf;
then as all the Proceed of Ireland, ought to
be ipent in Ireland; io all the Proceed of one
County of Ireland,ought to be ipent in the
fame; of one Barony, in the fame Barony ;
and io Parifh and Mannor; and at length
it would follow, that every eater ought to
avoid what he hath eaten upon the lame
Turf where the fame grew. Moreover,
this equal ipreading of Wealth would de-
ftroy.all Splendor and Ornament; for if it
were not fit that one place ihould be more
fplendid than another, ib alio that no one
man ihould be greater or richer than ano¬
ther; for if (0, then the Wealth, fuppoie of
Ireland, being perhaps 11 Millidns, being
divided among 1,100 M. people, then no
one man having above 1 o 1. he could Proba¬
bly build no Houie worth above 3 f. which
would be to leave the face of Beggery upon
the whole Nation: And withal iuch Parity
would beget Anarchy and Confufion.
• G 3 Of


of IRELAND. .
of A. was iqoo L thereof; I fay, 'tis
commonly more the care of A. to make his
iooo 1. 3000,though by leffening the whole
Stock 2000 1. than to make the whole
Stock 30 Millions, by leffening his own
1000 1. to.jco.L
Now this is the Trade of Ireland, and I
think of moft other places, but exercifed in
Ireland by the following ways, viz.
Whereas the Lands of Ireland have with¬
in 150 years been moft of them forfeited,
and the Lands of Monafteries have fince
then fallen into the King's hands, by the dif-
folutionof the laid Monafteries, and feveral
Defeds found in the Titles, older than that
of time; It hath come to pafs, that all the
faid Lands have been granted to feveral ou¬
tliers ; fbme legally and formally, fbme o
therwife; fbme under one Condition, fome
under another. So as by feveral Defects
in the laid Grants, or by non-perfor¬
mance of Conditions , and many other
ways .needlefs to enumerate, the K'ng
in ftribtnefs may find a Title to the
Eftates of many men who have been
long in poffeflion of their refpedive Hold¬
ings, (tho fbme more, fbme lefs, fbme upon
better, and fome upon worfer grounds.) A
principal Trade in Ireland, to find out thcfe
G 4 Flaws


88 The Folitical Anatomy
Flaws and Defefts, to procure Commiffion
for fuch Inquiries. And a Branch of this
Trade, is to give to fuch feekers flattering
and delufive Informations to bring on other
Defigns ; and withal, prevail with perlons
converfant with the Higher Powers, to give
Grants of thefe Dilcoveries, and thereupon,
right or wrong to vex the PoffefTors, at leaft
into fuch a Compofition, as may be of pro¬
fit to the Prolocutors. Whereby it falls out,
that the time of all the perlons exercifed pro'
& contra, in thefe matters, who do only
take from one another like Gamefters (the
Lawyers taking from both) is loft, without
advancing at all the Publick Wealth.
Now this is no Trade, but a Calamity upon
the Nation.
2. W hereas the Branches of the Publick
Revenue being manifold, and the Accompts
of the lame vaft and numerous, and the
Laws, with the Cafes and Accidents rela¬
ting to the lame, intricate and new ; but
chiefly the Officers employed about the Pre-
mifes, fuch as could make Friends for their
Places, whether Perfons of Skill, Experi¬
ence and Truftinels, or not; It hath come
to pals, even in Ireland,in former times,
that Principal Officers of the Exchequer
have represented the State of the Publick
. ' Treafury


of IRELAND.
^ uilt Treafury near 2ooM.l.differently from each
Kinitfdj • other : So as new men have been admitted
totake the whole to farm,who expe£ted vaft
Sjototlt Advantages, by mending and clearingwhat
others had marr'dand confounded, though
.15 tojt they had ftill their Places and Perquifites not-
rtfcnpi withftanding: And in this cale the people
fe,atleai thought fit to pay any thing that was requi-
isMpro. red,rather than to pals theFireof thisPurga-
S'iiis tory,even thothey need no burning.
5tSBciB|! This and other Practices of Farming, ta-
wba do t«s ken with the whole Doftrine of Defalcati-
(i ons, hath been a great Trade in , but
tsioft, a Calamity on the people who have paid
liH W great Wages to them that have made Faults,
Calamityf but three times greater to thole who would
but undertake to mend them, tho indeed
softkW they could not.
idtheAcco® A Third great Trade and Calamity to
jjoaiidi the people of Ireland,hath been the Gains
Acddoffiit made by the aforementioned Difference,
Confufion, and badnefs of Coins, exorbi-
'.'{■0^1 tant Exchange, and Intereft of Money, all
fendsliirt following alio from the Premifes.
. -fjjj A Fourth Calamity is implicating poor
■ lltalU Work-men, and trapanning them into
it Crimes, Indi&ments, Biihops-Courts, &c.
'"lip feigning and compounding of Trelpalles,
1. f!,t Pjj, not without making benefit by the Office of
Jufticeof Peace. A


The Political Anatomy
A Fifth may be from the manner of mak¬
ing Sheriffs, the execution of their Offices,
Accompts in the Exchequer, &c.
A Sixth, from raifing Moneys at the At
fizes, by Authority of the Grand J uries, but
raifing too much, and in {pending or not
{pending what was to be railed.
None of thefe Six Trades do add any
more to the Common-wealth than Game-
fters, and even fuch of them as play with
falfe Dice, do to the Common-Stock of the
whole Number.
And in thefe Trades 'tis thoughtof thofe
who inhabit the aforementioned 16,000
Houfes, do exercife themfelves, and are the
Locufts and Catterpillars of the Common¬
wealth, as the Inhabitants of the other
184 M. Cottages are the untilled part of the
fame. Wherefore it remains to fee what
Trade is to be found among the reft; which
I take to be as followeth, viz. x isra.
i.In Domeftick-Wealth: Of which
fort is building fine Houfes and Gardens,
Orchards, Groves, Inns, Mills, Churches,
Bridges, Highways, Caufeys; as alfb Fur¬
niture for Houfes, Coaches, err. In which
kind I guefs the Improvement of Ireland
has fince the Year 1652. 1673. advane'd


of IRELAND. 9o
from one to four, and I think to abetter
■ • ftate than before 1641. that is, than per-
,' ' , haps ever it' yet was.
teisafei Xhe Foreign Trade, if you will believe
the Accompts of Cuftoms, Ann. 1657. and
now, hath been advanced from one to
feven, but in reality, I think, from
» one to two: For the Cultoms yielded Ann.
1656. clear under 12,000/. but were wirh-
11 in a year or two, let for above three times
t>kW the fiim, but are now at about 80,000 in-
trinlecally.
But to fpegk more clearly and Authenti-
bhow li cally. upon this Subject, I fhall infert the
iiivss, and® following Tables of exported and imported
of theC* Commodities, and from them make tire tub¬
als of thts nexed Obfervatjons, v
iMf ;jj;r \ ■' y •;/ ; - .'.O-q
liilB tflfoi ~ ~~ ' —'
The TABLES.
■■ (V Ir f ; ' ' ' : ' f / 0"f \ i'
altb: *• nrHAT the Cuftoms, managed by
&al6i 1 the States-Officers, yielded An-
Milis, Cti® no Ib$7- under 12,000 /. but was farm'd
:,j;as4i Ann. 1658. for above thrice that Sum.
k !Ji 111
ciD'Dtof k 2* That the Stock which drives the
J i j.aJff Foreign Trade of Ireland, doth near half
1 J/ I 'of


The Political Anatomy
'
of it belong to thole who live out of Ire¬
land.
3. That Ann. 1664. before the Cat.
tel-Statute, |of the Ireland Foreign Trade
was with England) but now not 4" part of
the lame,
4. That the Manufacture bellowed up¬
on a years Exportation out of Ireland) is not
worth above 8000 /.
5. That becaufe more eatables were
exported Anno 1664. than 1641. And
more Manufa&ures 1641. than 1664.
It follows, there were more people in
land, Ann. 1641. than 1664. and in that
proportion as was formerly mention'd.
6. That the Exportation appear more
worth than the Importations, excepting
that the Accompts of the former are more
true, but of the latter very conje&ural,
and probably left than the Truth.


of IRELAND. 43
# feint of _____
0/ ffo Religion, D/Vr, ,
• Wat ii| Manners, Inter eft of the feveral pre-
WFmpI _/r#f Inhabitants of Ireland.
'mint; a
TTTE faid, that of the 11 oo M. Inhabi-
VV tantsof Ireland, about 800 M. of
atWuwli them were ; and that above 600 M.
ttiWi °f them lived very fimply in the Cabbins
1 aforemention'd. Wherefore I lhall in the
firft place delcribe the Religion, Diet, &c.
w> of thele, being the major part of the whole;
tjjj ,5,, not wholly omitting fome of the other fpe-
t ttan Ami ciesalfo.
, .1" The Religion of thele poorer Irifh, is
called Roman Catholick, whole Head is the
I "I Pope of Rome, from whence they are pro-
:l]M* pgriy enough called Papifts.This Refigi-
on is well known in the World, both by
the Books of their Divines, and the Wor-
tffiooi, - jn their Churches: wherefore I con-
£ne my t0 what I think peculiar to
ver oi the! & Irifh.And firft, I oblerve, that the
clM' Priefts among them are of Imall Learning;
but are thought by their Flocks to have
much, becaule they can fpeak Latin more
or lels; and can often out-talk in Latin thole
who Dilpute with them. So as they are
thereby


wl®> of IRELAND.
chiefs of letting up Manufactures, and in*
; traducing of Trade. They alio comfort
we 1st their Flocks, partly by Prophecies of their
stow of t Reftoration to their Ancient Eftates and Li*
La berties, which the abler fort of them fetch
from what the Prophets of the Old-Tefta-
twArf ment have delivered by way of God's Pro-
iJt./'Wk mile toreftore the Jews, and the Kingdom
to Ifrael. T hey make little efteem of an Oath
'fiM&j upon a Proteftant Bible, but will more de-
Si voutly take up a Stone, and fwear upon it,
.otttatit calling it a Book, than by the laid Book of
Books, the Bible. But of all Oaths, they
rataBut think themfelves at much liberty to take a
sill Land-Oath, as they call it: Which is an
[Reata,! Oath to prove a forg'd Deed, a PolTeffion,
aokratt' Livery or Seifin, payment of Rents, &c.
ita&fi' in order to recover for their Countrey-men
a olxail the Lands which they hadforfeited. They
irtli banc, i have a great Opinion of Holy-Wells, R ocks,
.•j.jifli and Caves, which have been the reputed
oia ft Cells and Receptacles of men reputed Saints,
:eCotirtofi They do not much fear Death, if it be upon
, church. a Tree, unto which, or the Gallows, they
v of tiff will go upon their Knees toward it, from
utota1 the place they can firft foe it. Theycon-
(jj f:iaisSt" fels nothing at their Executions, though tte-
:£0pif ver fo guilty. In brief, there is much Su-
njoftfc Perhhion among them, but formerly much
*""" j more


The Political Anatomy
more than is now; for as much as by the,
Converfation of Proteftants, they become
afham'd of their ridiculous Practices, which
are not de fide. As for the Richer and better-
educated fort of them, they are fuch Catho-
licks as are in other places. The Poor, in
adhering to their Religion, which is rather
a Cuftom than a Dogma amongft them,
They feem rather to obey their Grandees,
old Landlords, and the Heads of their Septes
and Clans, than God. For when thele
were under Clouds, tranfported into Spain,
and tranfplanted into Con naught, and difa-
bled to ferve them as formerly, about the
year 16 56. when the Adventurers and Sol¬
diers appeared to be their Landlords and
Patrons, they were obferv'd to have been
forward enough to relax the ftiffnefs of their
pertinacity to the Pope, and his Impofitions.
Lajlly, Among the better fort of them, ma¬
ny think lefs of the Pope's Power in Tem¬
porals, as they call it, than formerly; and
begin to fay, that the Supremacy, even in
Spirituals, lies rather in the Church diffu-
five, and in qualified General-Councils,
than in the Pope alone, or than in the Pope
and his Cardinals, or other Juntfo.
The Religion of the Proceltants in Ire¬
land, is the fame with the Church of Eng-
lands


of-IKELAND. <?7
land in Doctrine, only they differ in Dilci-
pline thus, [viz..
The Legal Proteftants hold the Power
of the Church to be in the King, and that
Bifhops and Arch-Bilhops, with their
Clerks, are the belt way of adjufting that
Power under him. The Presbyterians
would have the fame thing done, and per¬
haps more, by Clalfes of Presbyters Nati¬
onal and Provincial. The Independents
would have all Chriftian Congregations
independent from each other. The - •
baptijlsare Independent in Difcipline, and
differ from all thole aforemention'd in the
Baptifm of Infants, and in the inward and
fpiritual Signification of that Ordinance.
The Quakers falute not by uncovering the
Head, fpeak to one another in the fe-
cond Perfon,' and lingular Number; as for
Magiftracy and Arms, they feem to hold
with the An.ibapttfts of Germany and Hol¬
land ; they pretend to a poffibility of per¬
fection, like the Papifts; as for other Te«
nents, 'tis hard to fix them, or to under-
ftand what things they mean by their
thaniiitW Words.
rJ»/A The Diet of the poorer Irtjh, is what
-itciianis fl' was before difcourfed in the Chap-
Churchof.; ter.
fr H The


The Political Anatomy
The Cloathing is a narrow fort of
Frieze, of. about twenty Inches broad,
whereof two foot, call'd a Bandle, is worth
from 3! to iS a. Of this, Seventeen Bandies
make a Man's Suit, and twelve make a
•Cloak. According to which Meafures
and Proportions, and the number of People
who wear this Stuff, it foems, that near
thrice as much Wooll is fpent in , as
exported ; whereas others have thought
quite contrary, that is, that the exported
Wooll is triple in quantity to what is fpent
at home.
As for the Manners of the I de¬
duce them from their Original Conftituti-
ons of Body, and from the Air; next
from their ordinary Food; next from their
Condition of Eftate and Liberty, and from
the Influence of their Governours and
Teachers ; and laftly, from their Ancient
Cufloms, which affeft as well their Con¬
fluences as their Nature. For their Shape,
Stature, Colour, and Complexion, I fee
nothing in them inferior to any other Peo¬
ple, nor any enormous predominancy of any
humour.
Their Lazing foems to me to proceed
rather from want of Imployment and En¬
couragement to Work, than from the na¬
tural


(/IRELAND.
tural abundance of Flegm in their Bowels
and Blood ; for what need they to Work,
who can content themlelves with /
whereof the Labour of-one Man can feed for¬
ty ;and with Milk,whereof one Cow will,in
Summer time, give meat and drink enough
for three Men, when they can every where
gather Cockles, Oyfters, Mulcles, Crabs,
&c. with Boats, Nets, Angles, or the Art
of Eifhing; can build an Houle in three
days? And why fhould they defireto fare
better, tho with more Labour, when they
are taught, that this way of living is more
like the Patriarchs of old, and the Saints of
later times, by whole Prayers and Merits
they are to be reliev'd, and whole Examples
they are therefore to follow? And why
fhould they breed more C attel, lince 'tis
Penal to import them into Why
fhould they raile more Commodities,
fince there are not Merchants fufficiently
Stock'd to take them of them, nor provided
with other more pleating foreign Com¬
modities, to give in Exchange for them ?
And how fhould Merchants have Stock,
fince 7 rade is prohibited and fetter'd by
the Statutes of England ? And why fhould
Men endeavour to get Eftates, where the
Legifiative Power is not agreed upon; and
H 2 where


The Political Anatomy
where Tricks and Words deftroy natural
Right and Property ?
They are accufed alto of much Treache¬
ry, Fallenels, and Thievery; none of all
which, I conceive, is natural to them; for
as to Treachery, they are made believe,
that they all lhall flourilh again, after fome
time ; wherefore they will not really fub-
niit to thole whom'they hope to have their
Servants; nor will they declare lo much,
but lay the contrary, for their prelent eale,
which is all the Treachery 1 have obler-
ved; for they have in their hearts, not on¬
ly a grudging to lee their old Proprieties
enjoyed by Foreigners, but a perfuafion
they lhall be Ihortly reftor'd. As for
Thievery, it is affixt to all thin-peopled
Countries, fuch as Ireland is, where there
cannot be many Eyes to prevent fuch
Crimes; and where what is ftolen, is ea-
fily hidden and eaten, and where'tis ealy
to burn the Houle, or violate the Perfons
of thole who profecute thele Crimes, and
>yhere thin-peopled Countries aregovern'd
by the Laws that were made and firft fit¬
ted to thick-peopled Countries; and where
matter of fmall moment and value mult be
try'd, with all the formalities which belong
to the highelt Caules. In this cale there
mult:


of IRELAND.
muft be thieving, where is withal, neither
encouragement, nor method, nor means
for Labouring, nor Provifion for Impo-
tents.
As for the Intereft of thefe poorer Iri(h,
it is manifeftly to be tranfmuted into Eng-
lijh, lo to reform and qualify their houfing,
as that Engliflt Women may be content to
be their Wives, to decline their Language,
which continues a lenlible diftin&ion, be¬
ing not now neceflary; which makes thole
who do not underftand it, fufpeft, that
what is Ipoken in it, is to their prejudice.
It is their Intereft to deal with the ,
for Leales, for Time, and upon clear
Conditions, which being perform'd they
are ablolute Freemen, rather than to ftand
always liable to the humour and caprice of
their Landlords, and to have every thing
taken from them, which he pleafes to fan¬
cy. It is their Intereft, that he is well-
plealed with their Obedience to them,
when they lee and know upon whole Care
and Condu£t their well-being depends,
who have Power over their Lands and
Eftates. Then, to believe a Man at Rome
has Power in all thele laft mentioned Par¬
ticulars in this World, and can make them
eternally happy or miferable hereafter, 'tis
H j their
IOI


02 The Political Anatomy
their Intereft to joyn with them, and fol¬
low their Example, who have brought
Arts, Civility, and Freedom into their
Country.
On the contrary, What did they ever get
by accompanying their Lords into Rebellion
againft the Englifb ? What fhould they
have gotten if the late Rebellion had ablo-
lutely lucceeded, but a more ablblute Ser¬
vitude ? And when it fail'd, thefe poor
People have loft all their Eftates, and their
Leaders encreasM theirs, and enjoy'd the
very Land which their Leaders caus'd them
to lole. The. pooreft now in Ireland ride
on Horle-back, when heretofore the beft
ran on foot like Animals. They wear
better '■ loaths than ever;, the Gentry
have better Breeding, and the generality
of the Plebeians more Money and Free¬
dom.
Several


of IRELAND.
Several Mifcellany Remarks and Intimations,
concerning Ireland, and the feveral Mat-
ters aforementioned.
Without recourie to the Authority of
Story, but rather diligently ob-
fervingthe Law and Courfeof Nature, I
conjecture, that whatever is fabled of the
Phoenicians, Scythians, B fcayers, &c. their
firft Inhabiting of Ireland; that the places
near Carrickfergns were firft peopled, and
that with thole, who cajne from the parts
of Scotland oppofite thereunto. For that
Ireland was plarited by fome body in Cafars
time , is moft certain. That the Art of
Navigation was not before Cdfafts time fo
well underftood and praftis'd, as to bring
Men from any other Part of the World
thither, fave from Great Britain: That
from St. Davids-head in South-Wales, and
from Holy-head in North-Wales, Ireland is
not clearly at anytime difcern'd, nor often
at all. That the Inhabitants of thole two
Brittijh Head-lands had neither Boats fit to
pals that Sea, is moft probable. But that
Carrickfergus may be always feen from
Scotland, is well known; and that a fmall
H 4 Boat


104 The Political Anatomy
Boat may Row over in three or four hours,
is experienc'd. That the Language of
thole Parts differ very little. That the
Country about Carric is far better
than that of Scotland oppofite. That the
chief Bifhops Seat of ,and proba¬
bly the firft, is near thole Parts, are all no¬
torious Truths. From all which'tis more
probable, that Ireland was firft Peopled
from Scotland, than all the other remote
Parts aforementioned.
Jt hath been much oblerved, That the
Lieutenants and Chancellors of Ireland
have often been at variance; the realon
whereof leems to be at their Powers, and
too near an Equilibrium ;• for the Lieute¬
nant Commands an Army perhaps of
3000, and the Chancellor makes 900 Ju-
ftices of Peace, who make 2500 Confta-
bles,' which are the Civil Sword, who A&
in times of Peace, and every where, and
in all matters; whereas the Army a<£b
only upon rare occafions, and are more
Mercenary Men. So as the Civil-Sword
feemsof far more extent and effect than the
Military-SwOrd.
The Lieutenant difpoles perhaps of four
or five hundred Places and Imployments;
but the Chancellor,of the laid nine hundred
v'" ; " Juftices ,


of IRELAND.
J-®rlxt Juftices of Peace, and feveral others. The
Lieutenant can hurt very few Perfons, who
:: J® 4 do not depend upon the favour of Imploy-
^is tjr ion ments; but the Chancellor can affect all
® Hart Men, of Eftates and Dealing in the World,
i^f"« by the Power of hi% Court, and by the
k atal# Harmony of his own Will with the King's
4 'tisout Confidence.
itft Peopied The Lieutenant is for the moft part a
taws Stranger to Ireland;but die Chancellor fel-
dom fuch, but a Perlbn of great Family
4 That l and Acquaintance. Moreover, all the
is & Irfit Lieutenants, Deputies, and Lords J uftices,
e; tie rai that have been thefe 150 years, have not,
Powers,! one with another, continued two years in
(the Li® the Office; but the Chancellors have much
j perhaps more, and are feldom remov'd but by
Bakes900} Death, and General Revolutions. The
jyo C« Chancellor has ordinarily lome other Dig-
ord, wbot nity and Office annex'd, for they be of-
: where, t ten Eminent Prelates and Church-men ;
;e Array t. but the Lieutenant is confin'd to Tempo-
ami ares rals. The Chancellor is Speaker in Par-
Qvil-Se liament, and by keeping the Seal, can
check the Lieutenant in many cafes. The
Chancellors are bred to Eloquence and
•haps oft Arguing; the breeding of a Lieutenant is
UplOfffl® c?^ua!*
• >
jiilii * Men


o6 The Political Anatomy
Men that bring great Eftates into Ire¬
land, do not encreafe them proportionably
with them who come over with nothing.
Not to quote the Examples hereof on both
fides, the realbn teems not to be very ab-
ftrute, viz.
The Language of Ireland is like that of
the North of Scotlandin many things like
the Welch and Manquesbut in Ireland the
Fingallians (peak neither nor
Welch; and the People about
tho they agree in a Language differing from
Englifh, Welch, and yet 'tis not the
fame with .that of the near Dub¬
lin. Both thete two forts of People are
honeft and laborious Members of the King¬
dom.
The Irifh Language, and the Welch, as
alfo all Languages that have not been the
Languages of flourifhing Empires, where¬
in were many Things, many Notions and
Fancies, both Poetical and Philofophical,
hath but few words; and all the names of
Artificial things brought into ute, fince the
Empire of thete Linguifts ceafecl, are ex-
prefled in the language of their Conquerors,
by altering' the Termination and Accents
only.
Ireland


of. IRELAND. 107
Ireland is now divided into Provinces,
Counties, Baronies, Parifhes, and Farm¬
lands, and thole, lo as that they may be, and
have been Geometrically delineated; but
formerly it was not lo, but the Country-
was called by the names of the Lords who
governed the People. For as a Territory
bounded by Bogs, is greater or lelfer as the
Bog is more dry and pallible, or otherwile:
So the Country of a Grandee or Tierne in
Ireland,became greater or lelfer as his For¬
ces waxed; or weaned; for where was a
tt[ large Caftle and Garilon, there the J urif-
' ® diQ'ion was alio large.
f't: And when thele Grandees came to make
(If peace, and parts one with another, the li¬
mits of their Land-agreements were no
lines Geometrically drawn ; but if the Rain
» fell one way, then the Land whereon it
■>"' fell, did belong to A. if the other way, to
ioffii B. &c.
fopli Ai to their Town-lands, Plough-lands,
Colps, Gneeres, Bullibos, Ballibelaghs,
Two's, Horfmens, Beds, &c. they are all
at this day become unequal both in Quanti¬
ty and Value, having been made upon
grounds which are now Oblolete and Anti¬
quated. '
In
For


of IRELAND.
fame for the time to come. And that where
the fame Land hath other Names, or hath
been fpelled with other Confcription of Let-
nJ- .» ters or Syllables,that the fame be mentioned
Hz. lid wjt}j an alias.Where the pubiick and
: new authenticated Denominations is part
Mei 0f a greater antiquated Denomination,
Vtn that it be fo expreffed, as by being called the
MatyEaji^ Weft, South or North part thereof.
And if the faid Denomination comprehend
feveral obfblete or inconfiderable Parcels,
xProporti; that the fame be expreffed likewife.
woaldeagij The laft Claufe of the Explanatory Aft,
ring to it enabled men to put new Names on their re-
fpeftive Lands, inftead of thofe uncouth,
whidieadtSt unintelligible ones yet upon them. And it
reward for. would not be amifs if the fignificant part of
a or Hate the Irijb Names were interpreted, where
they are not, or cannot be abolifhed.
igedtotheC
tel. Burnt .
reventtk®
nieritoodi
the Namest
Som«


'v on
of IRELAND.
verreceive any clear fatisfa&ion, neither of
its Odor, nor any other Vertue, nor what
ufe was or could be made of that Stuff which
has been fo call'd, which is of leveral Ap¬
pearances.
What is laid of the Herb Mackenbory, is fa¬
bulous, only that 'tis a Tythemal, which
will purge furioufly, and of which there
are vaft quantities in that part of call'd
Defmond, where the Arbutus-Treegroweth
in great numbers and beauty.
There be in Ireland not ten Iron Furna¬
ces, but above 20 Forges and Bloomeries,
and but one Lead-work-, which was ever
wrought, tho many in view, which the
pretended Patents of them have hindred the
working of. There is alfo a place in
Kjrry, fit for one Allum-work, attempted,
but not fully proceeded upon.
There are in the IVeof , about
20 Gentlemen, who have engaged in the
Pilchard-fifhing, and have among them all
about 160 Saynes, wherewith they (bme-
times take about 4000 Hogfhheads of Pil¬
chards per Ann. worth about 10,000 /.
Cork, Kjngfale, and Bantry are thebeft pla¬
ces for eating of Frefh Fifh, tho Dublin be
not, or need not be ill fupplied with the
fame.
The
III


«%/; ' of IRELAND.
1101 aired The admeafurement of Land in
hath hitherto been made with a Circum-
ferencer, with a Needle of long, as the
obelodjtid! moft convenient Proportion; but'twill be
henceforth better done by the help of fome
ftj, it old Geometrical Theoremes, joyn'd with
steal® this new property of a Circle, demomtra-
k ted by Dr. R. Wood.
W* fiq •..
mistet — —
MNb
inat; foj; DIAGRAM.
talk
orerned by'o A Ltlio the Protejl of Ire I nd, be to
-L*- Papifis,as three to eight; yet,becaufe
claws of £ t'ie f°rrner live in Cities and To wns,and the
Scots live all in and about five of the $ 2
j.. J|1(| jj. Counties of Ireland,; It feems, in other open
7. , jjj' Counties, and without the Corporations,
' ^ that the Irijb and Papijts are twenty to one.
.1


o/IRELAND.
offered, as to make fuch of our Propofals pra*
itic able, as your Lord/hips (hall pleafe to felett
and approve of for that purpofe.
March the 25th. 1676.
)< Wdillw Confederations relating to the Improvement of
Ireland.
M ro:
mJ Collin
11675. «i
malm, 1
T
HE whole Territory of con-
fifts of about 12 Millions of Acres
(Enghf/j Meafure) of Arrable, Meadow,
and good Pafture Land; with about two
°* Millions of Rocky, Boggy, and Scrubby
Failure, commonly call'd Unprofitable,
(tho 'not altogether-fuch) : The reft being
w abfolute Boggs, Loughs, Rocks, Sands,
t Strands, Rivers and High-ways, &c. Of all
: ,'rf which, leveral Lands, the yearly Rent
:.r(.'Usc (comprehendingTheirMajeftiesQuit-Rents,
Mm 'Tythes and Tenants Improvements) isfup-
* poled to be about 9 o/ oo 1. and worth to be
i;ljimni' purchaled at Nine Millions.
tttfftffc- 2. The value of all the Houfingin/r^W,
rijii," which have bfle or more Chimneys in them,
a!. i»j! (excluding all Cabbins which have none) is
fuppofed to be T wo Millions and a half.
f I 2 3. The


u of IRE LAN.D.
making Merchantable Butter, Cheefe, or
jy- the Manufactures of Woollen, Linneri or
Leather.
\m, 8. The Houles within the City and Li¬
berties of Dublin, are under 5,0c ©, viz. in
the City 1150. And the Ale-Houfes within
the lame about 1200. 4n(litleems, that in
other Corporations and Countrey Towns,
the proportion of Ale-Houfes is yet grea¬
ter than in Dublin, viz. about ; of the
J 7
whole.
9. The Counties, Baronies and Parifhes,
of Ireland,are now become marvelloufly un¬
equal, fo as Ibme are twe ty times as big as
others, the County of Ccrk leeming in re-
fpeftof people and Parifhes to be :th of the
whole Kingdom, and other Counties not
being above the 20th part of the County of
Cork; It hath been found very difficult to
get fit perfons for Sheriffs, and J uries; and
the often holding of Affizes and Quarter-
Seffions in the laid fmaller Counties, hath
been found an unneceffary burthen upon
'j2? them.
ic. There are now in Ireland 52 Coun-
^ ties, 252 Baronies, and 2278 Parifhes; fo
) ; as the number of Sheriffs, and Sub-Sheriffs,
J: Sheriff-Bailiffs, High and Petty-C nftables,
^ m about three thou land Perfons, whereof
1 I 5 not


The- Political Anatomy
not above are Englifh or Protejlants. So
as the remainder (being about 2700) are
Irifb Papifis, and are the Civil Militia of
this Kingdom, and have the executing of
all Decrees of Courts, and of J u dices of
the Peaces Warrants.
11. This Civil Militia, and the reft of
the Irifb Papijls being about 80c,000, are
influenced and guided by about 3000 Pritfts
and Fryars, and they governed by their Bi-
fhops and Superiors, who are for the molt
part, of the Old Irifb Gentry, men of
Foreign Education, and who depend upon
Foteign Princes and Prelates, for Benefices
and Preferments.
12. The Iri(b PapiJls(beC\de- Sundays and
the 2 9 Holidays appointed by the Law) do
One plac e with another, obferve about 24
days more in the year, in which they do no
Corporal Labour,fo as they have but about
266 Working-days; whereas Proteftants
not ftriftly obferving all the Legal Holy-
days, by a total forbearing of Labour, have
in effe& 300 Working-days in the year, that
is, 34 days more than the Papifts, or at
leaft five of fix days in each, or T* part of
^,the whole year.
13. The expence of the whole people
of Ireland is about four Millions per .
! i i. V, ... • jjtf


tfcS—
of IRELAND.
the h part whereof being 8o,©oo /. and the
Quarter of Annual Houfe-Rent being about
6 ,000/. together with 450,000 L more,
being the value of half a years Rent, Tythes
and Quit*Rent, do make 590,0001 as that
fum of Money which will compleatly and
plentifully drive the Trade of this King¬
dom. -
14. The value of the Commodities ex¬
ported out of Ireland, and the Fraight of
the Shipping imployed in the Trade of this
Nation, together with the fifhing of Her¬
rings , is about Five Hundred Thoufand
pounds per Annum.*
15. The value of the Eftates in Ireland of
fuch perfons as do ufually live in England5
the Intereft of Debts of Ireland, due and
payable to England; the pay of the Forces
of Ireland, now in England; the Expence
and Penfions of Agents and Solicitors com¬
monly refidinginE/^/^ aboutIrijh Affairs;
the Expence of Englijb and Irijh Youth now
upon their Education beyond the Seas; and
laftly, the fuppoled Profit of the two great
Farms now on Foot, do altogether make up
near 2:0,0c o /. per Ann. as a Debt payable
to England out of Ireland*
16. The value of the Cattel, viz,, live
Oxen and Sheep, carried out of Ireland into
I 4 England
II9


The Political Anatomy
England, was nevermore than 140,000 1.
yer Annum \ the Fraight, Hides, Tallow,
^nd Wooll of the faid live Cattel, were worth
about 60,oqo I of the laid 1^0,000 1. And
the value of the Goods imported out of
England into Ireland (when the Cattel-
Trade was free) was between Treble and
Quadruple, to the heat value of the Ox, and
Sheeps Flelh tranfported from hence into
England.
17, The Cuftoms of Exported and Im¬
ported Goods, between England and Ire-
land, ahilra&ed from the Excife thereof,
was in the freeft Trade, about 32,000 L
per Ann.
*
Inferences from the Premises.
jr. T) Y comparing the Extent of the Ter-
D ritory with the number of people,
it appears thatIrehnd is much underpeopled;
for as much as there are above jo Acres of
good Land to every Head in Ireland • where¬
as in England and France there are but four,
and in Holland fcarpe one.
2. That if there be 250 000 fpareHands
capable of Labour, \yho can earn 4 or five 1.
fer


of IRELAND. 121
per Jan. one with another, it follows that
lAfi the people of Ireland, well employed, may
earn one Million per Ann. more than they
0,0031' k do now, which is more than the years Rent
Nwi of the whole Country.
j. If an Houfe with Stone-Walls, and a
'freJh Chimney well covered, and half an Acre
t^ait ofLafid well ditched about, may be made
item it. for 4 or 5 /. or thereabouts; then f of the
fpare hands of Ireland can in one years time
Jndautt , build and fit up 160,000 fuch Houfes and
i ii anil Gardens, infteadof the like number of the
tcifetk. wretched Cabbins above-mentioned: And
outjap that in a time when a Foreign-Trade is
moft dead and obftrufted, and when Mo¬
ney is moft licarce in the Land.
4. The other third part of the laid {pare
hands within the lame year (befides the
mjjis. making of Bridges, Harbors, Rivers, High¬
ways, &(. more fit for Trade) are able to
tofllf plant a many Fruit and Timber-Trees,
jer of ft apd alio Quick-let Hedges, as being grown
1®lap - op, would diftmguifh the Bounds of Lands,
beautifie the Countrey, fhade and Ihelter
tluJ,c Cartel, furnilh Wood, Fuel, Timber and
fruit, in a better manner than ever was
yet known in Ireland or EnglanAnd all
ofere'4 t'1's in a t3me when Trade is dead, and
Money moft fcarce.
5. If


12 2 The Political Anatomy
5. If the Gardens belonging to the Cab-
bins abovementioned,be planted withHemp
and Flax, according to the prefent Statute,
there would grow 120,000 I. worth of
the faid Commodities, the Manufactures
whereof, as alio of the Wooll and Hides
now exported, would by the labour of the
fpare hands above-mentioned, amount to
above One Million yer Annum more than
at prefent.
6. The multitude and proportion of
Alehoufes above-mentioned, is a fign of
want of Employment in thole that buy,
no lels than thole that fell the Drink.
7. There being but 800 Thouland Papifts
in Ireland,, and little above 2,000 Priefts;
It is manifeft that 500 Priefts may,
in a competent manner, Officiate for the
laid number of People and Parishes. And
that two Popilh Bifhopsfi'f any at all bene-
ceffary ) may as well Govern the laid 500
Priefts, and two Thouland Parifhes ; as the
?.6 Bilhops of England do Govern near Ten
Thouland Parifhes.
8. If the Proteftants, according to the
prefent practice and underftanding of the
Law, do work one tenth part of the Year
more than the Papifts: And that there be
be 750 Thoufand working People in Ire¬
land,


of IRELAND. '125
they pretend, do ufurp their Eftates: It
then feems juft and convenient, That both
Kingdoms fhould be United and Governed
by one Legiflative Power. Nor is it hard to
fbew how this may be made practicable,
nor to fatisfy, repair, or filence thole who
are Interefted or Affected to the contrary.
13. In the meantime, it is wonderful
that men born in England, who have Lands
granted to them by the King, for letvice
done in Ireland to the Grown of ,
when they have occafion to refide or ne¬
gotiate mEngland,QiowlA. by their Country¬
men, Kindred and Friends there, be debar¬
red to bring with them out of Ireland food
whereupon to live, nor fuffered to carry
money out of Ireland, nor to bring
fuch Commodities as they fetch from Ame¬
rica direftly home, but round about by
gland, with extream hazard and Iols, and
be forced to trade only with Strangers, and
become unacquainted with their ownCoun-
try ; efpecially when England gaineth more
than it loleth by a free Commerce; as expor¬
ting hither three times as much as it recei-
veth from hence : Inlbmuch as 95 /. in En¬
gland, was worth about 100/. of the like.
Money in Ireland, in the freeft time of
Trade.
14. It



of IRELAND.
pieces, nor to one another; That Whole,
Half and Quarter Cobbs of Sterling Silver
( if light) may pafs at 5 jr. 7 d. Ounce;
but that the other Species of courfer Silver,
as the Perrues, &c.may pals as Commodi¬
ty, or at 5 a. per Ounce, until there fhall be
conveniency for new Coyning thereof into
fmaller Money.
2. That forthwith Application may be
madeunto£#£/j?W,to reftore theT rade from
the Plantations,and between the two King¬
doms (and particularly that of Cattel)
as heretofore; and in the mean time to di-
feover and hinder, by all means poffible, the
carrying of Bullion out of Ireland into En¬
gland ; to the end that thole in England who
are to receive Moneys from hence, may be
neceffitated to be very earneft in the Paid
Negotiation.
5. That Endeavours be ufed in ,
for the Union of the Kingdoms under one
Legiflative Power, proportionably, as was
heretofore and fucceflively done in the cale
of Wales.
4. For reducing Intereft from Ten to
Five, or Six, per Centum, for dilpoling mo¬
neyed men to be rather Merchants than
Ufurers, rather to trade than purchafe,
and to prevent the bad and uncertain pay-
mews,


..ta of IRELAND. I
"■-'VStek« w^° undertake and give fecurity to
edrafel carry on the feveral Trades and Manufa¬
ctures of Ireland;and to fee that all goods
Exported to Foreign Markets, may ba
faithfully wrought and packt: Which So-
. cieties may direCt themfelves, by the many
uk Cok feveral propofals arid reports formerly, and
iridymi °flatemadeby the Council of Trade, and
which they are now again ready to enlarge
, i r„. and accommodate to the laid feveral propo-
'(..yif fals refpeCtively, and more particularly to
the Manufactures of Woollen, Linnen, and
Leather,
snant mdC:
Courts of ] t
nConuioi
rsintheCo®
8. That the Corporations of Ireland,
may be obliged to engage no Manufactures,
but according to their Primitive Inftrufti-
ons; which was to carry on fuch great
works, as exceeded the ftrength of lingle
Perfbns; and particularly that they may
caufe fome fuch like proportions of Yarn,
ier Co* Linnen, and Woollen,as alfo of Worfted, to
be Spun, as Mr. Hawkins hath Propoun-
ufeofate ded> ' r
9, That the Pattents, which hinder
Kpottf " the working of Mines may be confide*
red.
10, That


The Political Anatomy
10. That the Juftices of Peace, may be
admonifhed to proteft the Induftrious,
and not fuffer their Labours to be interrup¬
ted by vexatious and frivolous Indictments.
11. Th^tthe Inhabitants of the wretch¬
ed Cabbins in Ireland,, may be encouraged
to reform them ; and alio compelled there¬
unto, as an eafy and Indulgent Commit¬
ting for the Penalty of Nine-Pence
Sunday payable, by the Statute; and like-
wile to make Gardens, as the Statute for
Hemp and Flax requires. And that other
the wholelome Laws againft Idlers, Va¬
gabonds, &c. may be applied to the pre¬
vention of Beggary and Thievery: Where-
unto the orderly difpofing of the laid Cab-
bins into Townfhips would alio con¬
duce.
12. That the People be dilTuaded from
the obfervations of fuperfluous Holy-
Days.
15. That the exorbitant Number of
Popifh-Priefts and Fryars, may be reduced
to a bare competency, as alfo the Number
of Ale-houles.
14. That


S of IRELAND. 131
14. That the Conftable, Sheriff, and
Bailiffs, may alfb be Englifb Proteftants,
i to be ti ( though upon Salary )
iuslodife
From all which, and from the fettkment of
EJlates ; it is to be hoped, that men feeing.
if be am1 more advantage to live in Ireland than
compelled fie elfewhere, may be invited to remove them-
felves hither \ and fo fup fly the want of
.Siriw People, the great ejl and mojl fundamental
Statute; and. this KJngdom.
as the Statute
s Anita *
igainll Idlers,' •
pplied to tfe * . /'
Thievery:!'' .
isjoftheli • '
would alii; ' "" ' '
¥mi K 2 CAROLUS
u'tant Ninife
i, niayjt-; •
alfotheN® — — — —
iif


The Pclitical Anatomy
b- b'b ■/ ,
CAROLUS SccnnduSy Dei Gratia,
Angliae, Scotia, Franciae & Hiber-
nixRex, Fidei Defenfor, &c. Omnibus ad
quds^pnftfentes liter# pervenerint falutem.
. C umfrmtleffus, perquam fide lis confanguineus
& Confiliarius nofter Jacobus Dux Qrmonetise
in rtgno noftro Hiberni#y qui plurima egre-
giaferv.itia ferenifjimo patri nojlro Beatiffima
memori# in eodem regno, in loco & qualitate
Domini Locum-tenentis generalis & generalis
Gubernatoris ejufdem regni nofiri per multos
annos in tempo rib us maxim# calamitatis
fumma cum prudentia & integrit ate pr#Jlite
rit9 acfefe fidum & fort em after tor em Corona
Angli# jurium eontinue comprobaverit, utpo-
te qui diclo patri noftro per tot am flagitiofm
ill am Subditorum fuorum nuperam defeciio-
nem> magnanimiter adh#refcens in pr#lio. pri-
mm & and ax, in confilio prudensy & neminifc-
cun dm exti'terit; at que nobis etiam turn extre¬
mis exilii noftri anguftiis, turn reflitutionc
noftt?-) infeparabilis & indefatigabilis adfue-
rit comes & adjutor: Nos pr#mifta perpenden-
dentes #quum duximm , in tefferam favor is
noftri, eundem Ducem Ormondi# Locum-tenen•
tem n oft rum gener alem regni noftri Hiber nia
pr#dicliy & gener alem in eodem regno Gilber¬
ts at or em conftituere* Sciatis, quod nos it


MK, ftiGll
'raicuff H
fc (Mi
7
UltOCO WftU
_ 0I
mm
'/ of IRELAND. 133
provida circumfpedlione & indufiria prafati
Jacobi DucisOrmondU plurtmum confitentes de
advifamento Concilii noHri& ex cert a Scien-
tia&mero motu nofirUajfignavimusfecimus^or-
:ml h; dinavimus, confiituimus & deputavimus & per
' - rf prafentes ajfignamusfadmus, ordinamus,con-
-• ™!iiiG:i jlitmmus & deputamus eundem Due m Ormon^
di<e Locum-tenentem no ft rum gener alerrfregni
unojtoW rioflri HibernU pradicf necnon Gubernator
nojlrum gener alem regni nofiri illius, Haben¬
dum tenendum, gAudendum , exercend? CT
ftp oc cup and? offic* prad? prafato Jacobo Duci
u tib Ormondt& una cum omnibus & fingulis vad?
feod1 (Upend' & affocation eidem officio fpe-
r, i(pMd ciaff & pertinen durante beneplacito noflro
cmjirMj DAntes & concedentes eidem Locum-tenenti no-
fir tottmjltf JlrogenerAli & Gubernatori nofiro gener alt pie-
n infirm *• ' n am tenore prafentium pot eft At em & Author it a-
in ft- tern adpacem nojlram & ad leges & confuetudi-
m. n°s regni noftri pradiff cufiodiend? & cufiodire
an ititiitH1' faciend? & ad omnes & fingulos Ligeos noflros
(0 rtfv tarn Anglicos quam Hibernicos dicU regni
ukfitfttUx* nofiri ac alios quoscimqne, per nos fuper dictum
fV/wfifflf Locum-tenent1 no(lrum gener ale m & Gu-

 ufiem f berpatorem nofirurn generalem 7 flipendiatos
1ncfilub0 & d^as quafcunque perfonas, bidem contra,
r ,7.;/ j nos, aut pacem, confuetndinem & leges.predict*
qtialecunque delinquend?&coyitrAveniend?]iixtA
eornm demerita} Jecundum leges & confuctudi-
K 3 nes
$
lift


34 The Political Anatomy
nes pradittos, viis & modis quibus melius pro
honore & proficuo nojlro fieri poterit:ac pro ban a
gubernatione dicti regni nofiri ac Ligeorum &
Subditor no fir or um ibidem juxta difcretionem
dittihocum-tenentis nofiri general1 &(juberna-
tor is nofiri general cafiigand* & puniend' ac pti-
niri & cafiigari faciend? necnon ordinattones
& St4{ up a pro falvo & bono regimine regni
nofiri pradiff juxta adv if amentum confilii no-
firi ibidem ordinandi Statuend1 & fiabilieni
ac fuper inde proclamations faciendi debitaque
'executioni demandant ac quofcunque contrave-
nientes & delinquentes cafiigand' & incarce-
rand' at que incarceratos folvend' & deliberandi
Necnon ad recipiend' & admit tend* per dictum
adv if am end Confilii nofiri ad fide m & pacem
nofiram, tam Anglicos qudm Hibernicos, &
alios quofcunque infra praditt1 regnum nofirum
Hiberniat habitantes vel commorantes intu-
fandi feu commorandi qui nobis, legibus nofiris
eonfuetud' predict* Re be lies & contrarii exti-
terint aut exiHunt vel exiflent \ & ad conce *
dend' faciend tfr dand' hujufmodi adv if a'
ptonf pie nam pardpnationem, remiffionem?
laxationem & abfolutionem tarn general1 qum
Specialem, illis & eorum cuilibet hujufntodi
pardonationem petent aut habere volen ac
feci am pads no fir a qua ad nos pertinent am pro
ffotpkid Rober Felon Murdr1 Rapt midte¬
rm1


"*/ of IRELAND.
I J
!,Lr>; rum, Latrociniis9 falfis allegation adhafion
j inimicis Vtlagar tranfgreffion contempt9 &
!i fm' aliis ojfenfis quibufcunque in ditto regno nofiro
per aliquas hujufmodi performs ante hac tempo-
*r 6 4;: rx feu in pojlerum faciend9 & eorum for if
"'/™ L fatlur1 & fir mam pacem nojiram eis & eorum
worlim tnilibet liter as patentes fub magno figillo quo u-
rTmril timur in regno nofiro pr<e ditto in for ma? debit a
w fiht concede nd9 don and1 & deliberandi ac etiam eof
u (jjlfc gem anos quofcunque ad fines & redemptions
'ant kk: hujtfmodi ojfens* & eorum quamlibet qui fines
:>fi mtii redemptions facere debuerunt feu voluerunt
inruV'm accipiena <& recipient Et finguV perfonis
< i V iAi juxta leges & confuetudines prad? jufiitiam
itttifipiri faciend? & fieri mandand? Ac etiam ad uni-
& film it I verfos & fingulos tarn Anglos Rebelles qudm
»Hkm Hibernicos ditti rtgni noflri & alios quofcun-
Inrni que dittum regnum nofirum in pofierum inva ■
xmxti dend? ac ipfum regnum nofirum fnbditofque no -
fires ejufdem depradare7 gravare feu alio modo
C defiruere feu devafiare intendent' ac fe juxta
leges, & confuetudines praditP jufiificare vo:
ffmiti lentes, fi necejfe fuerit, cum potefiate noftra
lf$!ji0m Regia, ac aliis viis & modis, quibus melius
,in;r0?. fieri pot er it juxta eorum demerit a puniend? &
xjrt'lifl1 fi °PUS flierit ultimo fupplicio demandant? ac
■ Subditos nofiros provide commovend? convo*
U00 cand? & lev and' ac cum eifdem Subditis nofiris
\?Mfr fic kv*t' contra dittos Rebelles congrediend?
K 4 eof que


of IRELAND.
"»!«'() j}0£ Sigillidicii no nojlri
•4'01>k mandand* trade nd &■ deliberandi Damus
^'tofTiz prxterea & conceffimus eidem Jacobo Duci Or-
^ ; mondia Locnm-tenenti nojlro generali &. Gu-
yttiiij bernatori nojlro generaliyplenam pot eft at em &
Jl':}svtltv authoritatem quofcunque de Stirpe Anglicano
' ^ f exiftend in officio in regno predict tam ftcundo
m &ki Baroni Scaccar nojlri & quorumcunque compu-
wO mlui tand ac a liar officiar perjicere, ipfofque of-
'•/.i jrit fciar intra regnum noftrum prxdiclum facerey
:ji wf deputare & conjlituere \ Habendum eis & co-
Inmi [uj, Yum cuilibet & quibuflibet,' durante beneplacito
11 - nofro y & quamdiu in eodem f ? benegerunt ad
Dimus inf. libitum ejufdem Locum-tenentis nojlri genera?
'Vj Duci ef Gubernatoris nojlri genera? una cum vad?
[tntti & regard? eifdem officiar ab antiquo debit &
./;irtfHjk' confue? offic Cancellar Thefaurar Subthe[>u-
Mttitm rar Jufliciar utrinfque Band & Capita? Ba~
itnfi & ron Scaccar nojlri offic Magiftri Rotulorum ac
offic Thefaurar ad gueram offic Maref calf offic
In ft(!u magi fir i ordination Clerici de le, Checque offic
?//? jfcr t* prafiden Munfter & Connaght ac officium At-
■Mm tor Sollicit at or nojlri ejufdem regni nojlri
■ ymy Hibernia tantumodo except3 Statut & Parlia-
■.rt.'rr- men Domini Henrici nuper Regis Anglic Sep-
timi Progenitor nojlri inclytx memoriXy Anno
ft/if regni fui decimoy coram EdtvardoPoyning Mi-
^ r lite tunc deputat o regni nojlri Hibernix ten?
: 'edi? & provis non obftante. Conceffimus
j ethm


Vit
1
m
i
ii
138
The Political Anatomy
etiam preefato Locum-tenenti noftro generali
■pot eft At cm quod ipfe durante beneplacito
noftro omnia officio, Ecclefiafiica, t am jura?
quam non jura? viz. Vicar Parfonat
PrabendaP Cant up Cape IP HofpitaP Digni-
tap ArchionaP & alia beneficia quocunque no-
minatione ArchiepifcopoP &Epi]copoP tantum
except' tamin Ec cleft is Cathedral quam Colle¬
giaf HofpitaP & Parochi in quocunque loco in
regnum noftrum HibernU quocunque titulo
jam vac an feu in p ofte rum ex can fa quocun¬
que vac are contingent & ad prafent ationem^col-
lationem five donationem noftram quocunque
tnodo fpecian perfonis idoneis quibufcunque
fibi placuerit dand' concedendt & confer end
dr ad eadem omnia & Singula quorum ad nos
pr/efentationiSy donationis five collationis fpecP
& pertinent, & ftaP & pofiefs1 omnium &
fingulorum qui de eorum aliquibus pofieffionaP
exiftunt ratificand approbanda' & con fir¬
sthand' ac privileg libertaP imunitaP & con-
eefsy per pradecefiores noftros quofcunque ant
aliquos alios ante h#c temp or a fat? five con-
cejsprout eidem Locum-tenenti noftro genera?
& gubernatori noftro general1 per a dv if amen?
& con fen ft Confilii noftri in regno noftro
pr<ed melius expedire videbitur ratificand1
approbandt & confirmand' Conceflimus in-
fuper eidem Jacobo Duci Ormond 'u Locum-te¬
rn enti


jjfe hfb
ti» j#; -
'**' Pir/n
of IRELAND- 139
nenti noftro generali & gubernat or i noftro Ge¬
neral* poteftaP & fidehP provifion & renuntia
tiori ArchiepifcopcP &Epifcopor in eodem reg¬
no noftro HibernU) tempore prater it o five
futuro^facP ordinat* & confueta accept and* fa-
ciena!' ordinandi df conftituena? ac omnia alia ad
nos debiP nomine noftro recipient eifdem Ar-
chiepifcopis, Epifcopis & ear qui Met tempora¬
lis, fuaCancellar noftro regni noftri pradicf de-
liber* mandandd cum omnibus & fingulis juri-
bus Ernolumen proftcuis & reven tionibus rati-
one vacationis deor' benefcioP dignitaP Archi-
cpifcopaP five EpifcopaP nobis refervaP ac Mi-
am Homag omnium & ftngulorum tarn Spiri¬
tual* quam temporal* tenen& SubditoP noftro-
rum quorumcunque in regno noftro pradiffo
nomine noftro recipient* & terras & tenement*
fua de her edit ate fua CancellaP noftro deltbari
mandaneT manufque noftras exinde amovend*
ac VidluaP fufftcien & neceffar pro expens*
Hofpitii fui & foldar fuor in quocunque in¬
fra dictum regnum Hibernia per provifcP
Hofpitii fui & alios MiniftP fuos una cum
parriaf Jufficien pro eifdem, tam infra liber ta-
tes quam extra, pro denaP fui s rationabil* fol-
vend? providendi & capiend juxta formam Sta-
tuti de hujufmodi provision' ante hac tempora
faff nifi aliter per compo[ition fact* cum iniu-
tan Com* infra partes vulgar'tter vocatos
The


40JI The Political Anatomy
The Englifh Pale aliofque Com extra deces
partes provifum (it aut pojl hac provideatur,
quodprad Locum-tenens general* &Gubernator
nojler general habeat vet habere pojjit fummam
pecuniae annuatim in dilta compofitione ante
hac limit at' pro compenfatione O* recompenfa-
tione pro hujufmodi Virtual*providend & capi-
end' pro provifor hofpitii fni, quam quidem
compofitionem cenfemm obfervand' pro benefi-
cio Subditof nojlror necnon ad Summonend
dr Sumonire facie nd1 at que tenend' fecundum
Leges,Statuf & Confuetudiri* regni nojlri Hi-
hernia pradiff unum duntaxat Parliament''
quandoquidem fibi melius expediri vi debit ur,
confenfu tamen noftro in ea parte femper habit'
& ad idem Pdrliament prorogand & adjour-
nand toties quoties necejfe ftier it, & infra de-
os annos a tempore interceptionis ejufdem pie-
ne determinant & fniend dr quofcunque fic
Summon it' abfentes & non legitime impedif
mulct and & puniend Conceflimus infuper
ditto Locum tenenti nojlro general & Guber-
natoP nojlro' general plenum & fufficien
authoritatem & potejlaf ad omnimod ojficiar
comput abi I Thefauraf & Subthefaurar* regni
nofiri pradict duntaxat except' coram eifdem
Thefaurar*, Subthefaurar1 noflris & Baron?
Scaccarii nojlri dicti regni nojlri Hibernia,
computare faciend & ad hujufmodi comput'
reddend


of IRELAND.. I
reddend" compelland' ac etiam ad inquire nd' &
inquiri facie nd' viis & modis quibus melius
phi videbitur, faciend de quibufcunque bonis
& cattallis qua fuer' iff fivealior qui erga nos
feu Proge nit ores noflros forisfecerunt vel fo¬
rts facie nt , & a- nobis concelat* exiflunt vel
impojlerum exifent, & ad omnia & fwguU
alia qua ad offiP locum tenentis nojlri generalis
& Gubernatoris nojlri generalis jure7 ufu &
tonfuetuff regni nojlri pradJ pertinent aut
pertinere deberent dr pro bono regimine &
Salvatione & pro bono cufloff pacis regni noflri
prad' & quiete popiili nojlri ibidem, & recupc-
ratione jurium nojlrorum in regno nofro Hi¬
bernia necejjar fuerit\ Salvis fitper referva-
tis faciend* exercend' exequendl & ordinand*
omnia alia nomine nojlro & pro nobis in diclo
regno nojlro Hibernia faciena exercend* & or-
din and ft cut nos facer emus aut facer e pojfemus
Ji ibidem in propria perfona nojlra ejjemusm
Damus infuper prafato Jacobo Duci Ormon~
diaLocum tenenti nojlro Generali & Guberna-
tori nojlro generali potejlatem & author it at em
Navibus nojlris quibujcunque aut aliis qua
circa littora dicli regni nojlri Hibernia funt in
Servitio noJlro} aut in pojlerum quacunque
occafione erunt & mittentur pro defenfione t
dicli regni nojlri Hibernia 9 imperand & ut end?
pro fervitio nofro & tut amine dicti regni
nojlri}


A Political Anatomy
nojlri, front ipfefecundum difcretionem fuam
& per adv if amentum Concilii nojlri ejufdem
regni nojlri Hiberni# vifum, erit niji nos
Special' Commifjion nojlra aut Admir alii nojlri
Anglic ordinatione [pedal* Gubernator &
Cap it an* pr#d' Navium nojlrarum aut aliis
mittendU fpeciali injlruclione mandaf &
fervic} imperaverimus aut imperaverit. Con-
Jlituimus etiam pr#fat. Jacobum Ducem Or-
mondi<e Gubernator7 & Prefect, nojlrum gene¬
ral* exercitus nojlri in ditto regno nojlro Hi¬
berni#, tam pr#fentis qudm futuri, quam diu
nobisplacueritycum Alacationibiss inde debit &
confuet. Ac eidem Duci Prafetto generali ex¬
ercitus nofiri ibidem plenam. potejlatem & au¬
thor it at em concedimus faciend conjlitnend* &
ordinandi* leges , ordinationes & proclamations
de tempore in temp us, ut cafus exegerit, pro bo¬
no regimine exercitus nojlri predict ac omnes
quorumcunque fub mandato & GubeVnationt
ejufdemprafetlus generalis exercitus nofiri eaf-
demque leges, ordinationes & proclamations
exequendi ac debit# executioni mandand' ac
etiam infligere, adj udicare & afjidere timor* pce¬
nts corpor ales, imprifonamenta, fines, fork-
faliur ac omnes alias pcenas & penalitates
quafcunque in & fuper omnes delinquentes fi¬
ve offcndentes contra hujufmodi leges, ordinati¬
ones & procUmationes qualti & qu# eidem Gu¬
bernator i


of IRELAND. I13
bernatori & prafefto noftro exercitus noftri re-
quiftt1 & neeeftar1 fore videbuntur. Qua omnia,
leges, or din at tones & proclamations, ftc ut
prafert1 facie nd1 obfervari volumus fub pcenis
in eifdem continentEt ei damns potejlatem
& authoritatem utendi & exercendi infra reg-
num noftrum pradiclum fi opus fnerit, lege
Marifcal Sive Martial' necnon fubjlituend?
affignand1 & appuntuand' fub fe infra diclum
regntim noftrum per lit eras noftras Ententes
fub magno Sigillo noflro dilf regni nofri pra-
didl1 facie nd1 tot & tales Mar rife alios, Com-
miffarios & aC official ad legem Armor fen
legem Martial1 exercendi'* & exequend1 prout
prafat1 Locum-tenenti noftro general' &Guber-
nator1 noftro general1 de tempore in temp us
expedite videbit ad exercend' utend1 &
exequend1 pr ad1 leges, quoties opus & neceffe
fuerit, & jur amenta pr aft are, aliaque omnia
per fe vel per alios facere, erigere, qua ad
leges pradiclas exercend' aliqualiter pert ine ant.
Et quia valde neceftar nobis videatur ut prafat*
Locum tenens nofter generalis & Gubernator
nofter generalis pro negotiis no fir is magni mo¬
ment i perfon am noftram Regiam in propria
perfona fua ficut nobis v if urn fnerit attendatr
Ideo ulterius damns, & per prafentes prafato
Jacobo Duci Ormondia Locum-tenenti & Gu¬
ber nator1 noftro general1 pie nam pot eft at em ds*
autho-


14 The Political Anatomy
author it at em concedimus nominand? & affig-
nand' per lit eras nojlras Patentes fub magno
Sigillo nofiro 7 ditii regni nojlri Hibernia nomi¬
ne nofirofam nunc quam de tempore in temp us
impofle urn,conficiend?quamcunque aut quofcun-
que diet us Locum-tenens & Gubernator nojler
general' in hac parte idoneum five idoneos
duxerit fore deputat vel deputatos quocunque
nomine affignatos durante beneplacito nofiro
pro Gubernatione difli regni nojlri Hibernu
in a'fentia fua^ donee idem Locum-tenens &
Gubernator nojler in diflum regri Hibernu
gubernatione ejufdem ut praferf redierit, vo-
lentestamen quod in eifdem Uteris Patentibus
alicui per(on# feu per fonts ficut praferf faciend
Deputat aut Deputatos in abfentia fu-a tantum
provis5 d° nomine nofiro mand* fit quod non
licebit alicui tal Deputaf vel deputat is The-
fauraf feu pecunias nojlras cuicunque folvere
vel erogare, author it at' feu warrant* ipfius De¬
putaf vel ipforum Deputaf tantum fed quod
omnia erod* man da f & Warranf per Thefauf
(jr pecuniis nofiris per ipfum fient & Signabunt
non jolum manu propria prafat7 Depuf vel
pr a fat or Deputat of Jed etiam manibus pradi-
leclorum & fidel Confiliar noftrorum Magijlri
Curia Wardor Capitaf liar on bcaccar no-
fir i Cancellar Scaccaf nojlri &p'imaf Secre-
tarii nojlri ibidem pro tempore exifiente vel


of i re land; i.
this courfe being conftantly purfu'd, will
muclv encreaie the annual profits above
what they now are, and intirely draw the
dependance of the inferiors from the great
Lords upon his Majefty, and lo the intereft
and affurance the Crown Ilia 11 have in the
Natives thereof, be of no lels confequence
and advantage than the very profits.
2. That there be an ex Caveat entred
with the Secretary, , Privy Seal
and Great Seal here, That no , of
what nature foever,concerning Ireland^
be fuffered to pafs, till the Lord Lieutenant
be made acquainted, and it firjl pafs the
feal of that Kjngdom,according to the ufual
manner.
This will be of great intelligence and lafe-
ty to his Majefty ; for on the one fide he
will clearly lee into the true inward value
all things, which formerly, albeit of very
great worth, have from lo great a diftanee
flipt away here, as little underftood by the
Crown ias is acknowledged by thole that
obtain them ; who generally, in thefe caU-
fes, facrifice rather to their own Wit, than
the Goodneft and Bounty of Kings. And
on the other fide, nothing can pais to the
diladvantage of the Crown } and proper
L 2 Mini-


The Political Anatomy
Minifters,inftru£ted with thefe Affairs, may
be immediately faulted and jufily called to a
&veieAcc6unt for their Negligence andUn-
faithfulnels therein ; which will give them
good realbn to look more narrowly into his
Majefties Rights , and their own Duties.
3. That His Majejfy Signify his Royal P lea-
fur e, that Jfecial Care Joe taken here aft ery
that fufficient and credible Perfons be cho-
fen to [apply fuchBijhopricks as J,hall be voidy
or admitted of his Privy Counce I, or fit as
fudgesy and ferve of his learned C ounce I
there \ that he will vouchfafe to hear the ad¬
vice of his Lieutenant before he rejolve of
any in thefe cafes, that the Lieutenant be
commanded tv inform his Majefty truly and
impartially, of every mans particular Dili-
genceyand Care in his Service there, to the
end his Majefly may truly and gracioujly re¬
ward the rve/l-defervingy by calling them
home to better preferment here.
This will advantage thefer'vice ; it being
altogether impoffible for the Lieutenant,
be he never fo induftrious and able, to ad-
minifterthe publick Juftice of io great a
Kingdom, without the round affiftance of
other able and we*haffe£led Minifters.
This will encourage the bell men to fpend


of IRELAND.
cur, when they actually fall void by
Death. oil:
' : il? My-, r ' ' ' ' - fffi i . . ' •;«<'Q'lf\
6. That the Places in the Lieutenants Gift?
as well in the; Martial as Civil Lifiy bfi
left freely to his difpofing \ and that his
Mijejly may he gracipufiy pleafed not t o pafs
them to any perfon^ upon ,Suits made unto,
him here. s
Thiscourfe held, preferves the Rights of
the Lieutenants Placed and his Perfon in
that Honour and Efteem which can only
enable him to do fervice; and if the contra¬
ry happen, it is not only in diminution to
him, but draws off all necelTary dependance
upon him, and regard that ought to be had
of him,in all ready obedience in fuch things
he flhall command, for the Kings Service,
when they fhall difcern that the natural
Powers of the Place are taken from him,
whereby he might kindle their chearful en¬
deavours by the preferring and furnilhing
fuch as deferve thofe places.
7. That no New Offices he erelded within that
Kjngdom before fuch time as the Lieutenant
he therewith acquainted; his opinion firfi re-
quired and certified accordingly.
L 4 Suits


of IRELAND.
be directed to the Lord Treafurer of En¬
gland only, and that the Addrefs of all other
Difpatchesfor that Kjngdom he by fpecial
direction of his Majejly applyed to one of the
Secretaries (ingly, and his Majejly, under his
hand-Writing doth Specify, that his
Majejly will have this done by Mr. Secretary
Nicholas.
Thefe Propofitions made unto his
Majefty, by his Grace the Duke of Ormond
Lord Steward of his Majefty's Hou Ahold,
and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, were re¬
ceived and approved at the Council board,
the 22 day of June 1662, there being prefent
the King's moft excellent Majefty his Royal
Highnefs the Duke of Tork, his Highnefs
Prince Rupert,the Lord Chancellor,the Lord
Trqafurer, Duke of Albemarle, Duke of Or-
mond, Marquefs of Dorchejler, Lord Great
Chamberlain, Lord Chamberlain, Earl of
Barkfbire, Earl of Portland, Earl of Nor¬
wich, Earl of Anglefey, Earl of Lauder daif,
the Lord Hatton, Lord Hollis, Lord Ajhly,
Sir William Qompton, Mr.. Treafurer, fAv.
Vice Chamberlain, Mr Secretary Nicholas,
Mr. Secretary Morris.
By His Majejlies Command,
edward nicholas.
At
153


/ 154 Political Anatomy
At the Court at Hampton-Court,
J VNE 21. 1662.
Prefent,
The KjngsMofl Ex¬
cellent
His Highnefs, the
Duke of X ork.
His Highnefs,Prince
- Rupert.
Lord Chancellor.
Lord Treafurer.
Duke of Albemarl.
Duke o/Ormond.
Mar quefs of Dor-
chefter.
Lord Great Cham¬
berlain.
£(w/<?f Berkfhire.
Earl of Portland.
| Earl of Norwich.
I Earl of Anglefey.
i Earl of Lauder-,
dale.
Lord Hatton.
Lord Hollis.
Lord Afbly.
«S/>William Comp-
ton.
Mr. Treafurer.
Mr. Fice-Chamber-
. lain.
Mr. Secretary Ni¬
cholas.
Mr. Secretary Mor¬
ris.
Charles R.
IS Majefty's exprelspleafureis. That
the Mailers of Requefts, and every
of them, in their feveral Months of atten¬
dance
H


m) of IRELAND. 155
- ^ dance at Court, do Conftantly obferve thefe
enfuing Dire&ions, vie
m f«r Not to move his Ma jefty in Petitions for
1 any Irifb Suit, by way of Reward, either
S «« a C TT . « A ^ r 7^r« C rtHrrn •-* (-0 /% h r» f»r»
le.
H
'Ms.
^2. for any of His Majefty's Servants, or others
before the ordinary Revenue of that King'
dom become able to maintain the neceifary
fVT •, Charge of that Crown, and the Debts there¬
of of be fully cleared.
'*yi . For any particular Complaint of Injuftice
"E or Oppreffion, pretended to be done there,
unlels it appear the Party made his firft Ad-
drels unto the Lord Lieutenant, for confir¬
mation of any Reverfion of Offices within
that Kingdom, or any new Grant of
Reverfion hereafter; any, pieces in the Lord-
a' Lieutenants gift, either ofjt'e Civil or Mi-
h«/». fitary Lift, when any fiich fhall fall void.
f'ttd* Any ere£tion of a new Office in that
is. Kingdom, before fuch time as the Lord¬
s'1 Lieutenant be therewithall acquainted, his
as. Opinion required and certified back accor-
SiirM dingly.
• By His Majefty's Command,
yiitis." EDWARD NIC HO LAS.
fa and't -
joints^ " . '
e CHARLES


The Political Anatomy v
CHARLES R. .
THere being nothing more conducible j j]£
to the quiet and fafety of a Kingdom,
than a frugal and regular ordering and di-
fpofingof the Revenue that is to maintain ,,mt
the Publick Charge and Expence of the Go- i > 1h
vernment,both Civil andMilitary; We have
thought fit, with the advice of our Coun- " -
oil, upon a Prolpe£t made of all our Reve- r 1
nue, certain and cafual, andthejuft means
in view upon the fettlement of Eftate in j®™1'
that Kingdom, now in hand for improve- z ■
ing thereof, to begin by this Eftablifhment, f®'"
both to bring our Payments as near as may ®ii:
be to the compafs of our Receipts, and to ;
provide efpeciallf* for our Publick Affairs,by ^®F'
fupporting Civ'ik Juftice and Government,
and by maintaining our Forces in the pre-
lent Strength and Fulnefs; intending here- W®!
after, as our Charge may grow lefs, and Mttn
our Means encreafe, to extend our Favour
and Bounty according to our gracious
Inclinations, and the Merit of per- [®|i
fons, to the further encouragement of Par- I
ticulars, as caule fliall require : Whereof fcfltk
we have already given a proof, in the liberal
Addition we have made to the Judges, for Might
their better Support, in the imp rtial admi- »ihlo(
niftration of Juftice. :iKi
The *


of IRELAND.
The L 1ST
FOR
CIVIL AFFAIRS;
Containing the feveral Entertainments,
by the Year, of all Officers and others,fer-
ving in our Courts of Juftice, in the fe¬
veral Provinces of Ireland.: Officers be¬
longing to the State; Officers of our Cu-
ftoms; Officers of the Excife: Creation-
Money ; with other Perpetuities and par¬
ticular Payments for our Service; Which
Werequire henceforth to beduelypaid out
of our Revenues there, by the Hands of
our Vice-Trealurer, or Receiver General
for the time being, according to the Cau¬
tions here mentioned; the lame to begin
for,and from the Eirft day of April, i
THESE following Payments are the
Jlant Fees to be continued l o the feve¬
ral Officers,without change from time to time.
The Right Honourable
thur, Earl of AnglefVice-Qo
Trealurer, and General Re
ceiver.
s.
050 00 00
Sir


The Political Anatomy \
/• s* ci.
Sir Robert Meredith Kt.?
Chancellor of the Exchequer.! ° 00 jjeltyiSo
JohnBuffeEiq-,'LovAChief-7^ fraud
Baron of the Exchequer. \ jfrsvince
Sir Richard Kjnnedy Kt. > ifclotoi
Second Baron of the Exche-. 300 00 00
quer. >
John Povey Efo; Third Ba-1 r „
ri-nu f 220 OO CO
ron of the Exchequer. J
Sir Audly Mervin Kt. His?
Majefty s prime Serjeant atr020 10 co
Law. ^
Sir William Domvile Kt.p
HisMajefty's Attorney Gene->07 <j c6 co
.jtjfcr.
Efli
fto
ft
imh
b
ral
Sir John Temple Kt, His£
Majefty's Soliicitor-General. S 75
% Hi
PhilipFernely, Efq; His ^(Jj,
Majefty's Chief Remembran- ( 030 00 00
cer ... Ifietk'
Sir James IVare,Kt.Fhs Ma- * }hk
jelly's Auditor-General, for/ 5^-
his ancient Fee-yerAnn. '84/A c6 0J
6 s. 3 d.and for an Augmen-f ^ ^
tation thereof, allowed by the\ ., V
former Eftablilhment 5 ©/.in air ^
Sir


S of IRELAND.
} '■ l.
rldo oo Sir Allen Brodrick, Kt. Hist, A ..
ff Majefty's Surveyor-General.
%» , L" >Efcheatour of t oc6
i the Province or Letnjler. 3
1 7/ Efcheatour of the Province ? „
of Vljler. . >0200500
Efcheatour of the Province?
"v. °f * 05
' Efcheatour ©f the Province! __
Of Connaght. >02° C°
tattelo: Henry Warren, Efq; Second I ^
Remembrancer. J° ' ' c
v? Nicholas Loft us j Efq; Clerk? .
tfe« ofthePipe. 4 £0.50000
) Roper Moor, Efq; Chief-? ^
fisL.ju Chamberlain. joio 0
I j Sir Robert Kennedy, Bar1.7
Is ( Second Chamberlain. J00 5 0 00
n fojott Maurice Keating, Controllor 7
' ofthePipe. * j-0070000
la-V John Longfield, Ufher of
for/ the Exchequer, for his Fee per /
La Annum, 2/. 10 s. and for his^s „ „ „
n.| ^allowance for Ink, for the?
he\ Exchequer, 10/. per Annum \
jfl' In all, per Annum.
Thomas


160 The Political Anatomy
S . d.
Thomos Lea, Tranfcriptour >
and Forrcign Oppofer. £0.50000
Edward Ludlow, Summoni- 7 ^ „
tor of the Exchequer. }°°7 °5 00
'John Burnifiony Marfhalof j
the four Courts.
£004
00 00
Sir Theophilus Jones, Kt.? OQ OQ
Clerk oi the Pells. J 5
10 00
JohnExham, Clerk of the? _
fir it fruits, and twentieth parts.'
Thomas Gib (on, Cryerof 7 „
the Court of Exchequer. J ^
■the Crnrt The Right Honourable 1
M
iajeftiesf
Bench. j
cf Kin^ James, Baron of S Lord Jo
Bench, chief Juftice of His
Sir Will. AJlan, Kt. lecond
Juftice of the laid Court. j *
Thomas Stockton, Elq; third"?
Juftice of the faid Court. J
Sir Will. Vjher,Kt.Clerk of lOQn
the Crown, of the laid Court, j '
00 00
00 00
10 00
the court The moft Reverend Fa
f""- ther in God, MiLord. Q0 Q0
Arch-bifhop of Dublin, Lord
Chancellor of Ireland.
c:«.


of I RELAND.
/• S • dn
Thomas Lee, Keeper of the? Q
Council-chamber. $° 00
Six Trumpeters and a Ket-'
tie-drum,at 60 /. each per
420. for their Fee, and 67.^62 0000
per An. each Board-wages 42 I A
in all per Ann.
1125 oj 04
The Chief, and other Ju- 3
llices of Aflizes in every of theC
five Circuits twice a year, 00 00
Annum -J
Robes for the Judges, viz..'
Three in the Exchequer, three
in the Kjngs Bench, three in
the Common-Pleas, Mafter of-
the Rolls,and three of the> 0j °°
King's Council, at 13 /. 6 s.87.
apiece per Annum, making in
all
Charge of
Circuits.
I
II
I »'
I
J I;
'I %
fit
i
M 2
Liberates


The Political Anatomy
I.
Liberates under the Seal of>
the Exchequer yearly, viz. the
Chancellor of the Exchequer
13 /. 6 s. 8 d. the Chief Re¬
membrancer 6 1. 13 s. 4 d.
Clerk of the Pipe 6/. 13 s. 4 d.
the U flier 10/. the Second
Remembrancer 5/. the Chief « «
Chamberlain 5 L the Second >
Chamberlain 5 L Clerk of the
Common-Pie a soU thzExchequer
5 1. Summonifter and Comp
troller of the Pipe s I. I he
Cuftomer at Dublin for Wax
Paper, Parchment and Ink
5 /. 15. s. in all fer Ann.
Rent of a Houle for the;
Receipts J02' 00 00
Keeper of the Houfe for ,*
the Receipts i005 00 00
Singers of Chrijl-church hA
Dublin for finging in the Ex- /
chequer, and praying tor His^002 oo oo
Majefty , at 10 s. tor every \
Term per Ann. ))
Purlivants of the Exche^
quer for carrying Writs > 1 0 5 00
Paper


1(58 The Political Anatomy
In Sn dn
Ncwcaftle, Robert Hard, Searcher at ,
Dundrum, Newcaflle, Dundrurn, KjlUleagh,)
Bangor, Hollywood, Bellfajl, 01- V ✓
derjl et^ St. David Whitehead,t *3 °4
jlrdglajfe , Strang ford, Ballw-\
togher, and Donagh dee. J
The Of- For the Salaries due to the 7 ,
fice and Officers of the Excife. J 42 9 oo oo
gfeft 1 'le Contingent Charge of (
XC'fttheExcife. fI2°° 0000
5469 00 00
Thefe two Sums are to be diftributed
and apportioned as the Lord Lieure-
nant, or other Chief Governor, or
Governors, and Council, fhall think
fit, the Cuftom and Excife being now
Farm'd. Thefe two Sums aretoceafe
for the time of the Farm, and are
not caft up in the Total.
Commifl!- The faid Commiffioners,which are to be
oner-Ge but five in number, are to have the allow-
ance of one Penny in the pound each, for
ftoms and all Money to be received for Cuftoms and
Excife. fxcife.
n
For


of IR E L A N D.
16?
For the Salaries of four"'
Commiffioners of Appeals in
Caufes of Excife, and New
Impoft. viz. Sir James Ware,
Kt. John Povey, Efq; Sir Wil- j
liam Vjher, Kt. and Peter Wey- ,
brants. Alderman, at 150 /. a |
piece, per Annum. j
♦
Dr. Robert Wood,and James
Bonnell, Accomptants General
of the Cuftoms and Excife ,i
fer Annum.
The Duke of Ormond
The Marquifs of Antrim
The Earl of Caftlehaven
The Earl of Defmond
The Farl of Wejtmeath
The Earl of Arglajfe
The Earl of Car bury
The Earl of Cavan
The Earl of Donnegale
The Earl of Clanbrazill
The Earl of Inchiquin
The Earl of Orrery
The Earl of Montrath
The Earl of Tyrconnel
L s. d.
CommiP
(loners of
Appeal.
600 OO OO
Accomp-
tants-Ge-
200 OO OO neral of
the Cu¬
ftoms and
Excife.
40
00
OO Creation-
40
OO
OO Money.
• 20
00
O
O
15
OO
OO
15
00
OO
15
OO
OO
M
00
OO
M
00
OO
15
00
OO
20
00
OO
20
00
OO
20
00
OO
20
00
OO
20
OO
00
The
Ill
I
Sf(|
J
11
!i
ft
1|


ties.
of IRELAND. 171
/• S» d*
The Provoft and Fellows of \ Perpetui-
Trinity-C0Hedge near Dublin /
by Patent, dated 12. Augu]l,fy88 15 00
1612. as a perpetuity, perl
Annum. *
The Dean and Chapter of 2
Chrift-Church, Dublin,gnntJ q6 Qg
in perpetuity, 12. 1604^
/>rr Annum'. J
The Lord Archbilhop of"i
. Dublin,for Proxies due unto j
him out of divers Churches
belonging to the late Mona-: .0 _ ,
fteries of Thomas Court, St>0lS °< °5
Maries Abby, and St. John of
Jerusalem, near Dublin, per
Annum. J
The Lord Bifhopof Mea
out of the Mannor of Trim. > '
The Maycfr, Sheriffs, Com- p
mons, and Citizens of Dublin,^ 500 00 00
The Chaunter of
Church, Dublin, for the Rent1
of a Plat of Ground, near His^02^ 00 00
Majefties Caftle of Dublin.
983 02 02
The


The Political Anatomy
77><r Payments hereafter following, are to he ^
continned to the prefent Granees, during :k ^
their Grants ', hut to ceafe afterwards ,maftersof th
and not to he regranted, or paid to any btknjWt'¬
other. Unnm. 25
The moft Reverend Father
in God, Mich el Lord Arch-So
Bifhop of Dublin, Lord Chan-1- 1 ^ 11
cellor of Ireland.
The Right Honourable? JkuM
Richard Earl of Cork, Trea- ^365 co 00 c'
furer ^ i m
Nicholas Loft us Efq;
Clerk of the Pipe* j c25 00 00
Maurice Kjating , Comp- \ © hM,C
troller of the Pipe. S ° 00 00 iCulionKai
Sir The op hi I us Tones Kc., 7 ,
Clerk of the Pells f°61 °* c0 Jfe
Bryan Jones fcfq; Auditor"* Gwjt
of the Foreign Accompts and j Ife, ^
Prefts, at 6J-. 8 d. per diem ! jD j
granted him by Letters Pa- ^ 121 13 04
tents, dated 2. April. Anno
zdo. Caroli primi, during his
good behaviour, per Annum.
%
M alllre
Edward


, - ,...... ■ .
ti
{<<M
Vftilll
pi; i
i
'flf'tot
os^coij
oJ oca
c6i 0(1
ill ijJ
cf IRELAND.
/. s. d.
C°°c¥%l0ne 0f(-°20 00 oo
the Mafters or the Chancery, o
Joh» Wejlly Efq; one of ?C20 QO 00
the Mafters of the Chancery. X
Anthony Waljb9 Keeper of
the Room, as alfb of the/
Robes, Hanging and Clock^oi8 05 00
in the Caftle of Dublin at'
12 d. per diem.
73
John Crooke, Printer to His 7 o
Majeity in Ireland. }
Thomas Mall Efq;, Sur-p
veyor General of the Cu- >*
00
ftoms.
William Maule, C
of the Cultoms at Dublin.
5
00 00 00
1649 16 10
Tempora-
012 IO OO ry pay¬
ments*
Mar cm Vifcount Dun? an- I
non, M after of the Game. J°5° 00 co
Sir George i.ane Kc., fori
his Fee, as Keeper of thev
Records in Brimingham 10 00 00
otver.
^ames Buck, Clerk of the>^
Market of all Ireland. j °^° 00 00
The
W
I
1 ft
-is/
X
1


00,1
'JOJ/CJ!
o^o oo|
too oo (.
jlOj 10
OjOOOt
>3)2 a:
105 001
.hek fit
Latetil
Ms. mil
e si of I
Mo oof
»ioo oor
0/ IR EL AND.
/• r. d.
Dr. Robert George, per?
Annum * X109 <*>
Annum"' ^ ^00 00
Mrs. Mary Warren , per / „
Annum 7 fo8° 00 00
Arthur Earl of Angl
per Annum J
Captain William Roffe, ?
r •" j"$oo oo oo
13130706
175
per Annum
Commiffioners ofAccompts, *1
for the yearly Accompts by
them to be taken by virtue
of His Majefty's Commiffion Accom «
at 20/. each of them per An- !=• 2§5 10 00 andOerks
mm, 220 /. And to the
Clerks and others imployed
in the laid Accompts, 65/.
1 or. In all,
Commi£
fionersof
allowan¬
ces.
'IJO
For


176 7 he Political Anatomy
Payments For Fraught andTranlpor-1 /.
for tation , carrying of Letters
traordma- * d rr r^-c
ries by and other txpreiies, Girts
concordat and Rewards, Sea-fervice,
tum' Repairing and Upholding
fiifficiently our Houfes, main¬
taining our Forts, finiflhingof
needful undertakings of that *
kind, begun in other places,
but not finifhed ; erefting of
more ftrengths of the like
kind,and other fit and necefla-
ry places. Diets and Char- t
ges, in keeping of poorPri- 9000
foners, and fick and maimed
Soldiers in Hofpitals; Print¬
ing, Riding and Travelling
Charges; Prefts upon Ac-
compt, and all other pay¬
ments by Concordat of our
Lieutenant, or other chief Go¬
vernor or Governors , and
Council, not to be exceeded
without fpecial direction firft
had from us, or our Privy-
Council in England.
Sum total of the pay¬
ments aforelaid upon 1 ✓
theCivil Lilt amounts ^ 2 *
unto per Annum.


Itflty
■! ^ tkl
C^klij
»/,
Wltitlfll
fit tufty ■
Hffl
i hmd;
iiwrwl
Iff «|wJ
yh}mi
tmu h
vrd,ih
forhip |.
thfmk
EnjHd
, W tf it
rlj,
of IRELAND.
By the Lord- Lieutenanr- General, and Ge*
neral Governor of Ireland.
'tNftruttions for our dear eft Son} Thomas
A fur/ of Offory, nominated by Us by vir¬
tue of His Majefty* s fetters Patents, under
His Great Seal of fcngland, bearing date the
21ft day 0/February, in the i^th Tear of
His Reign, conftituted by His Majefty $
Letters Patents , under the Great Seal of
this Kjngdom of Ireland, bearing date the
21 ft day of May, in the itth Tear of His
Reign> His Majefty*s Deputy of this His
fid Kj'g&om, during His Mafty*s Pleafure,
and only in our Abfence, until we Jhall return
into this Kjngdom.
SG-TOi
w
Ormond.
Here as We the Lord-Lieutenant re¬
ceived Inftruttions from the Kings
Moft Excellent Majefty, under His Royal
Signatures, bearing date the 2 2d day of June,
1662. We do herewith deliver you a Copy of
the faid lr/ftruffions figned by Us. And We
do hereby require you to obferve thofe In/lru-
ttions7 inall fuch Parts ofthem, as were to
N 2 be
179
;h
i "iff
ft
u
11
1
ill


The Political Anatomy (f
he otferved hy Vs, and re now ,
in the Place of His Majefty's Deputy of this
Hs Kjngdom. [
You are to take care, That in your giving
Commands, or Warrants for Payments fc
of any of His Majefty's Treafure, or
Moneys, you obferve the Rule prefcri- ji
bed to you, in fuch Cafes, by His v.aje- rift
fty's Letters Patents, whereby you are
conftituted His Majefty's Deputy of this f;
His Kingdom.
r
HE L
i
Given at His Majefty's Caftle of Dublin, the 30th I
day of May, 166^. Milting j
te, for lis
G. LANE.
ml
Ml, to
:an Allo^
m
-mailt, 011
twin; an
PfflrJk
The -Lord Li
, ^ythes of


of IRELAND. 18
The FS TA BL1SH MEKT •
Containing all the Payments to be made for
/ ili;ary sijjairs in Ireland, to be duly paid
by the Hands of our , and
Treafurcr at Wars,according to the Cauti¬
ons hereafter mentioned; the fame to be¬
gin for and from the Day of April,
1666.
Signed, Charles Rex.
OFFICERS General.
THE Lord-Lieutenant 1 I. s. d.
and Governour-Gene-
ral of Ireland, for his Fee per
Ann.viz.. for his Diet, at 100 /.
per menfem', a Retinue of 50
Horfe, with Officers at 2/. 19/.
6 d. per diem ; an Allowance
of 1000 /. per Ann. in lieu of 1
cefs, an Allowance of 235 / ^3860 17 06
per Ann. in lieu of 2 3 5 Beefs>
formerly paid to the Lord-
Lieutenant, out of the Coun¬
ty of Cavan; an Allowance of
240 /. per Ann. formerly paid
to the Lord Lieutenant out of
theTythes of Dunbogne, ma¬
king in all per Ann.
N 3 As


id 2 ' The Political Anatomy
LordLieu- /. s.
tenant. General of the Array? , „ ®s0!
per Ann. ^4331 ©6 08 h
As Cap', of a Troop of? 0
Horf b per Ann.
As Collonel of Voot,per Ann. 0608 06 08
As Cap', of a Foot-Corn- , 0
pany, f 036,1108
9786 00 10
For His Guard of Halber-\
teers, confifting of a Cap', at
11 / as. each Calendar Month; J
a Lieutenant at 9/. 1 twof 1848 0000
Serjeants at 3 I. 10 seach; j
and 60 Halberteers at 2 I. 2 s. J
each, making per Ann.
The Lieutenant-General of 1
the Army at 1 /. per diem.
I 3*5
00 00
To Ceafepoft mortem, or other Determina¬
tions of the Grant made to Thomas Earl
of OJferey.
The Serjeant Major-Geo
neral of the Army, at i /. per r 3^5 00 00
diem7 per Am. ^
To
•iftrJi


of IRELAND. 183
To Ceafe/w/? mortem, or other Determinati¬
ons of the Grant made to Roger Earl of
Orery.
I* s* d»
Sir Henry Titchburn ? KV
Marfhal of Ireland, for his En¬
tertainment at 1 s. 9 d. per di-
em\ a Trumpeter at 6 d. obq.^Sg 06 07
per diemy and a Retinue of 30
Horfe, at 9 d. a piece per d/-
making per Ann. *
The CommiflaryGeneral of >
the Horfe, at 1 L per diem, per r 36 5 00 00
Ann. ^
To Ceafe pojl mortem, or other Determi¬
nations of the Grant, to John Lord Kjng-
Jlon.
The Mufter Matter Gene-] General
ral, and Clerk of the Cheque, j officers,
for his Entertainment, at 4/..
fer diem, at 10 Horfe Men, at I
i/. the piece per diem \ for any £-065 00 00
encreafe of his Entertainment I
3 s. 6 d. per diem, with an Al- J
lowance for one Clerk at 2 s. j
6 d, per diem making per Ann. ]
3065 08 oj
N 4 Six


>4 The Political Anatomy
• S i
SixCommilTaries of theMu- 7
fters, at 100 per Ann.each. i ° 00 00
One Corporal of the Field, 7
■viz. Collonel Beverly 091 05 00
at 5 s. per diem; per Ann. '
To Ceafe pojl mortem, or other Determi¬
nations of the Grant in being.
The Advocate-General of ?
the Army at 6 s.8 d.per diem. J 121 1 ? °4
The Phyfician-General of;
the Army at to s. per diem. - 10 00
Chirurgionof the Army in
Ireland,, andoftheHolpitalofr121 °4
Dublin.
OFFICE RS Provincial.
THE Lord Prefident ofl I. s. d.
Munjler, for His Fee
at 100 /. Sterling per An. for
his Diet , and the Councils
there, at 7 /. 10 s.per Week,^90S 19090b.
«nd for hisRetinue of ^oHorfe-
Men,and 20Foot-Men,at il.
as. 6 d. ob.perdiemy in all per
Annum.
The


of IRELAND.
The Lord Prefident of
mu ht, for his Fee at 100 /.
Sterling per Jnn. for his Diet, I
and the Councils there, at Q
io per Week, and for his^°8 19 °?ob-
Retinueof 30 Horfe-Men,and
20 Foot-Men, at 1 /. 2 6 d. I
ob per diem, in all per Ann. J
The Provoft-Marlhal of
Lemfter, for His Entertain-1
ment at 4 s.2 d. ob. q. per
em, making per Ann.
>07703 07
21x61402
.
The Provoft-Marihal of J
Munfier, for his Entertain-^
ment at 4 s.2 d. ob q. per °3 °7
making per Ann. J
TheProvoft-Marfhal of Con y
nAught, for his Entertainment, (
at 4 s. zd. ob. q. per diem, mak-^0"' " °3 °7
ing per Ann. J
The Provoft Marlhal of VI- j
fter, for his Entertainment at 07703 07 ob,
4 j. zd. ob. q. per diem, mak-jf
ing per Ann. J
Provincial
Officers.
Tt
All


The Political Anatomy
Sundry Minifiers belonging to the ,
viz. in
.
LEMSTER,
I. s. d.
A Mafter-Gunner at 3 s.^
per diem, his Mate at is. 6d.
per diem; fix Gunners for the
Train, at 1 s. 2 d. each per
diem one Gentleman of the
Ordnance at 3 s. per diem;
Clerk of the Ordnance and
Stores at Dublin at 4 s. per
diemy his Clerk at 1 s. per
diem; Gunfinith, Blackfinith,
Carpenter and Wheeler, at
is. 4 d. per diem each, Ar- {>774 02 01
moter, Cutler , Cooper, at
9 d. each per diem; fix Ma-
troffes at 8 d. each per diem;
three Waggoners at 1 o d. each
per diem ; at Duncannon, a
Clerk of the Stores is. 8 d.
per diem, a Gunner at 1 s.per
diemy a Matrofs, at 8 d. per
diem \ at Paffage, a Gunners-
Mate at 10 d. per diem j ma¬
king per annum j
CON-


Of IR EL AND.
CONNAVGHT.
S. d%
At Athlone, a Clerk of the^ 1
Stores at i s. 8 d. per diem;
a Gunner at i per diem \ a
Matrofs at 8 d. per diem, r •
Galloway, a Clerk of the Stores
at i i. 8 d. per diem j a Gun- i
ner at i s. per diem; a Ma- {> 176 08 04
trots at 8 At
a Gunner at 1 s. per
diem ; Ifle of Arrany a Gun¬
ner at 1 s. per diem ; Imif-
buffin7 a Gunner at is. per
diem; making per annum^ j
MVNSTER.


of IK ELAND.
V L S T E
Londonderry, a Clerk of the ^
Stores, at i j. 8 d. per diem; a
Gunner, at i s. per diem ; a
Matrols, at 8 d. per diem, At
Culmore, a Gunners-mate at, t ,5 17 06
JOd.per diem. At Carrickfer-
guSf a Clerk of the Stores, at
is. $ d. per diem; a Gunner
at 1 ; a Matrols at 8 d. per
diem. In all, per annum.
The King's Guard of Horlei HORSE
confi fting of a Captain at 19 /.
12 s. each Calendar Month ;
a Lieutenant at 12 /. 12/.; a
Cornet at 12 /. 12 s.j a Quar-
termafter at 9 I. 1 6 s.; fix
Corporals a t 6 I 6s. each ;
two of the Kings Trumpets
at 6 16 s. each ; four more of I
the King's Trumpets, and a I ^
Kettle drum at 3 /. 10 s.each, ; ' '
befides their ftandiag-allow-
ances in the Civil Lift: ASad-
ler, Farrier, and Armorer, at
4 /. 18 s.each ; and 100 Horle-
men at 4 /. 18 i.each making in
all per menf. 6211.4 s. which
amounts for the whole Pay of
the laid Guard per An. ujito ( The


i The Political Anatomy
I. i.
The Lord Lieutenants"
Troop, confifting of a Cap-
tain at 19/. 12 s. each Calen¬
dar Month a Lieutenant at
.12 /. 12 s.and a Cornet at 9 /.
1 6 s.;a Quarter-mafter at 7 /.
three Corporals and two
Trumpets more at 6 s. f2209 4
each; and fifty private Horfe-
men at 2 /. 2 s. each; making
in all per menf. 18+/. 2 s.
which amounts for the whole
Pay of the faid Troop per
unto
Five Troops more belong-"
ing to the General Officers,
viz. to the Lieutenant Gene¬
ral of the Army, the Servant
Major General of the Army,
the Lord Prefident of Con- j
naught,the Commiilary Gene- j
ral of the Horte, and the j
Scoutmafter-General of the j
Army, each Troop confifting j
of a Captain at 19 /. 12 '
each Calendar Month, a £ 10290
Lieutenant at 12 /. 12 sa
Cornet at 9 /. 16 s. a Quarter-
mafter j


/.
of IRELAND.
Matter at 7 /. Three Corpo-1
rals,and two Trumpets at 3 /.
io^.each,and 5oprivateHorle-
men,at 2/. 2 ,s.each making in
all per menfem for each i roop, <" 1226 8
171 /. 10 s. which amounts I
for the whole pay of the {aid j
five Trcops per annum unto j
Twenty three Troops, ^
which confifting of the like
Officers, and forty five pri¬
vate Horlemen, making in
all per menjem to each Troop f 4443^
161 /. whic i amounts for the
whole pay of the laid twenty
three Troops per annu unto
.*93
I
FOOT.
The Lord Lieutenant's 4
Company, confifting of a
Captain at 11 /. 4 s.each Cal
lendar Month. A Lieutenant
at 5 I. 12 s. an Enfign at 4 /.
4 i. Two Serjeants at 2 /. 2 s.
each; threeCorporalsand two
Drums at 1 /. 8 s. each, and
one hundred private Footmen ,
at 14 s.each, making in all
O
per


5i542 0 8
The Political Anatomy
per menfem 1021. 4/. which) /. S. d.
amounts for the whole pay oft
the laid Company per annum* 1226 8 o
unto J
Fifty nine Companies"1
more, each confifting of a
Captain at 111.4 s.each Ca¬
lender Month, a Lieutenant
at 5 /. 12 s.an Enfign at 4 /.
4 s. two Serjeants at 2 /. 2 s.
each ; three Corporals, and
one Drummer at 1 /.8 s. each,
and fixty private Footmen at
14 s.each,making in all
menfem for each Company
7 1 L16 s. which amounts '
for the whole pay of the laid [
fifty nine Companies per an- I
mm unto J
A Ward at Sltgounder the")
command of Major Robert
Edgeworth confifting of two
Serjeants at 2 /. 2 s. each,eve¬
ry Calender Month; three
Corporals, and one Drum- \>o6xi 12
mer at 1 /. 8 s. each, and fixty
private Footmen,ati4r. each; _____
rpaking in all per menfem 51/. 5 3 3 90 8
1 6 s.which amounts per an¬
num unto j Regi-


of I RE and:
Regiment of Guards.
The Royal Regiment ofl I. s. d,
Guards, confifting of twelve
Companies, "viz.. a Colonel
as Colonel and Captain at 28
/. per menfem a Lieutenant- ( §
Colonel, and Captain at 21
per menfem. A Major and
Captain at 1 61.i 6 s.Nine
Captains more at 11 I. 4 s.
each; twelve Lieutenants at
5 /. it s.each; twelve En-
fignes at 4 /. 4 s. each; forty
Serjeants at 2 /. 2 s. each; thir¬
ty fix°Corporals at 1 /. 8 ^24518 8 8
each; Drum-Major at 2 /. 16
s. Twenty four Drummers
at 1 /. 8 s.each; a Piper to the
Kings Company at 1 /. 8 s.
Twelve hundred Soldiers at
1 /. 3 4. d. each; a Chaplain
at 9/. 6 s. 8 d. An Adjutant,
Quarter-Mafter,and Chyrur-
geon at 5 /. 12/. each, and
Chirutgeons Mate at 3 I-los-
making in all per menf. at 28
days to the Month 18 86 /. 00.
08. which amounts unto per
annum j;
O 2


The Political Anatomy
I. S% d*
The Governour of the Fort l
of Sligo for his Fee at xo s. ^ 182 10
per diem ; annum ^
The Governour of the Fort p
of Halboiling for his l ee at ^109 10
6 per diem ;per annum J
The Conftable of Hilsbo-p
rough at ^s.^d. per diem) per >060 16 8
annum J
Thefe Temporary Payments to ceafe Poft mor¬
tem, or other determination of the /aid
Grants, except that of the Halboling.
Sum total of the payments
aforefaid upon the Military r
Lift amounts unto per ann. ^
L s. d. oh.
163810 3 ir
$y His CMajefties Command,
'
Arlingtq N.


'■ —1—
of IRELAND.
99
A Catalogue of the
DUke of
Duke of Lein-
fier
Marquefs of Antrim
EARLS
Kjldttre
Tbomond
Cork
Defmond
B.trrymore
Me dt h
OJfory
Rofcommon
Londonderry
Donnigall
Arran *
Con aw ay
Car terry
Ardglafs
Rannalagh
Cavan
Inchityitin
C lane arty
O
Orrery
Mamtroth
Drogheda
Waterford
Mount-Alexander
Down
Longford
Tyrone
Bellomorit.
Clanrickard
Caftlehaven
Weftmcath
Fingall
Caftlemaine
Car ling ford
Vilcounts.
Grandifon
Wilrnot
LoftM of Ely
Swords
Kjlmurry
Valentia
Mareborougb
4 C aft let on
• i


404 The Political Anatomy
A Lift of thole Places that return Parliament
Men in Ireland
Leinfter. County of Kildare 2
Bur. of Kildare 2
County of Cather- B. ofNuCs 2
lough 2 thy 2
Burrough ofCather-
lough 2 Cow. Regis 2
B. o/Old-Leighlen 2 Bur. of Phillipps-
2
2
2
Town
County 0/Dublin 2 B. of Byrr
CBj 0/ Dublin 2 £ o/"Banagher
U niverfityo/Dublinj
Bur. o/Newcaftle 2
B.ofSwords 2 E«r.o/Trim
B Kells
Village deDrogheda 2 B. o/Navan
B. of Athbuy
County of Killkenny 2 B. of Duleeke
Bur. of Callen 2 B. of Ratooth
B.of. hotnas-Town 2
B.o/Gowrm 2 Cow. Regine
B. 0/ Kells . 2 £«r. of Bellakill
B. of Emifteogue 2 £. .vfariborough 2
B. of Kno&opher 2 p<v/Arlintpn 2
B. of St. Kennis 2
City of Kilkenny 2
County


J©4 A Political Anatomy
Tom o/Tipperary County ofDown
Bur. o/Clonmell x Bur. of Down
B. <jf Feathard x B. of Newtown
Town of Cafhell x Newry
E. of Thurles x Ballkillaleagh
B. of Bangor
County of Water- B. of Hilsburough
ford x t
Gty of Waterford X County of Donne
B«r. of'<ungarvan x gal
B. of Lifmore x Bur. of Lifford
B. of Taliow . 2 0/Ballifhannon
B.o/Kilbegs J
Ulfter. B. o/Donnigall 5
B»r. of <SY. John's
County of Armagh x Town 2
Bur rough of Ar¬
magh x County of Far-
B. of Charlemont x manaugh 2
Ew. oflnniskilling 2
Connty of Antrim x
Bur. of Belfaft x County of London-
B. of Carickfergus 2 derry 2
B. of Lisborne x C//7 0/* Londonder-
B. of Antrim x ry. 2
Bur. of Colerain 2
County of Cavan 2 B. of Laninevaddy 2
Bur. of Cavan 2 County of Mona-
E. of Bellturbet. 2 ghan 2
Eur.


of IRELAN D.
Bur. ofMonaghan 2
County of Tyrone
0/Donnegall
Town ofClogher
Bur. ofAgbsr
B. o/Strabaine
Connaiight.
Co/wfy ofQalloway 2
Bur. of Galloway 2
of Athenry 2
£. of T uam 2
CW/tfy 0/ Leitrim 2
Bur.of] ames-T own 2
5#r. of Carickdrum-
rusk 2
County of Mayo 2
Eur. of Caftle-Bar 2
County, of Rofco-
mon 2
B«r.o/Rofcomon 2
B.o/Tulsk 2
205
County o/*Sligo
Bur. of SligO
2
2
77;c whole Num¬
ber. 285.





VERBVM SAPIENT I.
INTRODUCTION,
per Menfem,befides what they pay more
infenfibly and direttly, asCuftoms, Excife,
Chimny-Money, C c. {viz.. in ,
they pay 'id. per Menfem per Pound Rent,
that is 2 s. per Annum,or i of the whole,)
It muft come to pals, that the lame Per-
fons muft from Chrijlmas, 1665. pay \ of
their whole Eltates, if the War with Hol¬
land continue two years longer,at the value
of the la ft years Expence, provided His Ma-
jefty be kept out of Debt.
THE
1
H F, R E A S many ate
forced to pay - of their
whole Eftates towards
the raifing of but 70000 /.
3?
2. But


Verbuvi
dience, or between the Bees and the Drones,
the Fad would determine the Queftion: But
if it deftroy promifcuoufly, the Lois is pro¬
portionable to the Benefit we have by them
that furvive; for'tis the/that make Eng¬
land worth above 600 millions,as aforefaid:
It being certain, That if one perlbn only
had efcaped: the whole Territory, and all
that is in it, had been worth but a liveli¬
hood for that one ; and he fubjed to be a
prey to the next two that fhould invade
him.
8. It feems reafonable, that what we
call the Wealth, Stock, or Provifion of the
Nation, being the eflfed of the former or
paft labour, fhould not be conceived to dif¬
fer from efficiencies in being, but fhould be
rated alike, and contribute alike to the com¬
mon neceffities: And then of all and every
fumrn to be railed, the Land and Stock
muft pay 3 parts; and the People confider-
ed without any Eftate at all, 5 more; the
whole into 8 divided.
9. If the expence of the Nation be
40 Millions; it feems but the fame hard-
fhip to fet apart 4. viz. of the whole for
the publick ufe, as what now lies upon
many already: But 4 Millions would af¬
ford one for the ordinary Expence, and


^ ■■
Verbum S
King, Queen, Duke, &c. Prjvy-Purle,
Wardrobe, Robes, Angel-Gold, Mafterof
theHorfe, Mews, Armory, Tents, Parks,
Lodges, Goldfiniths, Jewels, &c. hath
been computed to be about one Million;
Reckoning 200000/. for the Navy, 60 for
the Ordnance and Powder, 290 for Land-
forces, Garilbns, &s. and 450 000 for other
things.
2. Towards this , there is in Crown-
Lands 70 ooo, Poft-Office 20,Coynage and
Pre-emption of Tinn 12, Foreft of Deer 4,
Courts of J u ft ice 6, Firft Fruits 18; in all
1,jo ooo.Cuftoms at 2 perCemum 170. in all
joo 000. without the Duties of Wares, Wine-
Licence, Aulnage or Butlerage, Excile,
Chimney-money, Land-tax, Pole and AG-
fefinents, being regulated and proportion¬
ated as followeth: viz.
9
CHAP. IV.
Of the Method of apportioning Taxes.
i.|F a Million is to be railed above the
J. joo 000 /.laft mentioned,then J 7 5 000 /.
is to be levied on the Stock, and 625000/.
on the People.
Of


Verbum S
week and i J. then add 10 Millions to f§, the
half of the which will be 5l,lo as if we have
5 j Millions, we have enough.
2. And thus I have (hewed, That if
one halfof the Subjects of England, (playing
78 days in the year,) will earn 7 d. diem
all the reft of the days one with another j
And if they would work £ more,and fpend £
left, they might enable their King to main¬
tain double the Forces he now doth, with¬
out fuffering in the general more than many
well affe&ed perfons do now through neg¬
ligence, or miftakes in their Particulars.
Nor is Money wanting to anfwer all the
Ends of a well Policed State, notwithftand-
ing the great decreafes thereof, which
have happened within thefe Twenty Years.
Nor were it hard to fubftitute in the
place of Money (were a competency of it
wanting) what fhould be equivalent unto
it. For Money is but the Fat of the Body-
Politick, whereof too much doth as often
hinder its Agility, as too little makes it fick.
'l is true, that as Fat lubricates the motion
of the Mulcles, feeds in want of Victuals,
fills up uneven Cavities, and beautifies the
Body ; lo doth Money in the State quicken
its Adion, feeds from abroad in time of
Dearth at home; evens accounts by realon


Verbum
feen in Europe,computing the Ordnance,and
Harbor-Charges of the Navy: Nor will the
Maintenance of 12,000 Foot, and jooo,
Horle, allowing 100,000 /. for Inland Gari-
fons,and 60,000 I. for put ajl to¬
gether,exceed 6co,oco /.lo as there remains
700',coo I. for other Matters, whereof His
Majefty's Royal Family, by all the Ac¬
counts! have leen, doth not Ipend 500,000/.
per ann. Nor need the Charge of all thole
Levies be above 1 of the (viz. part
for the 500 Officers,without ever going live
Miles from the Centre of their abode) who
might perform this Work; nor would more
than 200 /. per an.for each of them,and their
under Inftruments be necelTary for their re-
fpeftive Sallaries: For there are 450 Areots
of 10 Miles Iquare in England and If ales.
CHAP. IX.
Motives to the quiet bearing of extraordinary
Taxes.
.
HAving Ihewed how great and glorious
.things may be done with no lels diffi¬
culty than what *7 of the King's Sub jefts do
already endure ;,I offer thele further Rea-
Ions


Verbym Sa
* ^
C H A P. X.
How to employ the People, the End
thereof.
WE laid, That half the People by
a very gentle labour , might
much enrich the Kingdom, and advance its
Honour, by letting apart largely for publick
• ules; But the difficulty is, upon what fhall
they employ themlelves.
To which I anliver in general,Upon pro¬
ducing Food and Neceffaries for the whole
People of the Land,by few hands; whether
by labouring harder, or by the introducing
the Compendium, and Facilitations of Art,
which is equivalent jo what men vain¬
ly hoped from Polygamy. For as much
as he that can do the Work of five
men by one, effe£ts the lame as the begetting
four adult Workmen. Nor is liich advan-
. tage worth fewer years purchale than that
of Lands, or what we efteem likeft to
perpetual. Now the making Neceffaries
cheap, by the means aforefaid, and not by
raifing more 6f them than can be Ipent
whiift