id sid tid token lemma pos 32282 1 1 CONTRIBUTIONS contributions NN 32282 1 2 FROM from IN 32282 1 3 THE the DT 32282 1 4 MUSEUM MUSEUM NNP 32282 1 5 OF of IN 32282 1 6 HISTORY HISTORY NNP 32282 1 7 AND and CC 32282 1 8 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 32282 1 9 : : : 32282 1 10 PAPER paper NN 32282 1 11 19 19 CD 32282 1 12 ELEVATOR elevator NN 32282 1 13 SYSTEMS system NNS 32282 1 14 OF of IN 32282 1 15 THE the DT 32282 1 16 EIFFEL EIFFEL NNP 32282 1 17 TOWER TOWER NNP 32282 1 18 , , , 32282 1 19 1889 1889 CD 32282 1 20 _ _ NNP 32282 1 21 Robert Robert NNP 32282 1 22 M. M. NNP 32282 1 23 Vogel Vogel NNP 32282 1 24 _ _ NNP 32282 1 25 PREPARATORY PREPARATORY NNP 32282 1 26 WORK WORK NNP 32282 1 27 FOR for IN 32282 1 28 THE the DT 32282 1 29 TOWER TOWER NNP 32282 1 30 4 4 CD 32282 1 31 THE the DT 32282 1 32 TOWER TOWER NNP 32282 1 33 'S 's POS 32282 1 34 STRUCTURAL structural JJ 32282 1 35 RATIONALE rationale NN 32282 1 36 5 5 CD 32282 1 37 ELEVATOR ELEVATOR NNP 32282 1 38 DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT NNP 32282 1 39 BEFORE before IN 32282 1 40 THE the DT 32282 1 41 TOWER TOWER NNP 32282 1 42 6 6 CD 32282 1 43 THE the DT 32282 1 44 TOWER TOWER NNP 32282 1 45 'S be VBZ 32282 1 46 ELEVATORS ELEVATORS NNP 32282 1 47 20 20 CD 32282 1 48 EPILOGUE EPILOGUE NNS 32282 1 49 37 37 CD 32282 1 50 ELEVATOR ELEVATOR NNP 32282 1 51 SYSTEMS system NNS 32282 1 52 of of IN 32282 1 53 the the DT 32282 1 54 EIFFEL EIFFEL NNP 32282 1 55 TOWER TOWER NNP 32282 1 56 , , , 32282 1 57 1889 1889 CD 32282 1 58 By by IN 32282 1 59 Robert Robert NNP 32282 1 60 M. M. NNP 32282 1 61 Vogel Vogel NNP 32282 1 62 _ _ NNP 32282 1 63 This this DT 32282 1 64 article article NN 32282 1 65 traces trace VBZ 32282 1 66 the the DT 32282 1 67 evolution evolution NN 32282 1 68 of of IN 32282 1 69 the the DT 32282 1 70 powered powered JJ 32282 1 71 passenger passenger NN 32282 1 72 elevator elevator NN 32282 1 73 from from IN 32282 1 74 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 1 75 initial initial JJ 32282 1 76 development development NN 32282 1 77 in in IN 32282 1 78 the the DT 32282 1 79 mid-19th mid-19th JJ 32282 1 80 century century NN 32282 1 81 to to IN 32282 1 82 the the DT 32282 1 83 installation installation NN 32282 1 84 of of IN 32282 1 85 the the DT 32282 1 86 three three CD 32282 1 87 separate separate JJ 32282 1 88 elevator elevator NN 32282 1 89 systems system NNS 32282 1 90 in in IN 32282 1 91 the the DT 32282 1 92 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 1 93 Tower Tower NNP 32282 1 94 in in IN 32282 1 95 1889 1889 CD 32282 1 96 . . . 32282 2 1 The the DT 32282 2 2 design design NN 32282 2 3 of of IN 32282 2 4 the the DT 32282 2 5 Tower Tower NNP 32282 2 6 's 's POS 32282 2 7 elevators elevator NNS 32282 2 8 involved involve VBD 32282 2 9 problems problem NNS 32282 2 10 of of IN 32282 2 11 capacity capacity NN 32282 2 12 , , , 32282 2 13 length length NN 32282 2 14 of of IN 32282 2 15 rise rise NN 32282 2 16 , , , 32282 2 17 and and CC 32282 2 18 safety safety NN 32282 2 19 far far RB 32282 2 20 greater great JJR 32282 2 21 than than IN 32282 2 22 any any DT 32282 2 23 previously previously RB 32282 2 24 encountered encounter VBN 32282 2 25 in in IN 32282 2 26 the the DT 32282 2 27 field field NN 32282 2 28 ; ; : 32282 2 29 and and CC 32282 2 30 the the DT 32282 2 31 equipment equipment NN 32282 2 32 that that WDT 32282 2 33 resulted result VBD 32282 2 34 was be VBD 32282 2 35 the the DT 32282 2 36 first first JJ 32282 2 37 capable capable NN 32282 2 38 of of IN 32282 2 39 meeting meet VBG 32282 2 40 the the DT 32282 2 41 conditions condition NNS 32282 2 42 of of IN 32282 2 43 vertical vertical JJ 32282 2 44 transportation transportation NN 32282 2 45 found find VBN 32282 2 46 in in IN 32282 2 47 the the DT 32282 2 48 just just RB 32282 2 49 emerging emerge VBG 32282 2 50 skyscraper skyscraper NN 32282 2 51 . . . 32282 2 52 _ _ NNP 32282 2 53 THE the DT 32282 2 54 AUTHOR AUTHOR NNP 32282 2 55 : : : 32282 2 56 _ _ NNP 32282 2 57 Robert Robert NNP 32282 2 58 M. M. NNP 32282 2 59 Vogel Vogel NNP 32282 2 60 is be VBZ 32282 2 61 associate associate JJ 32282 2 62 curator curator NN 32282 2 63 of of IN 32282 2 64 mechanical mechanical JJ 32282 2 65 and and CC 32282 2 66 civil civil JJ 32282 2 67 engineering engineering NN 32282 2 68 , , , 32282 2 69 United United NNP 32282 2 70 States States NNP 32282 2 71 National National NNP 32282 2 72 Museum Museum NNP 32282 2 73 , , , 32282 2 74 Smithsonian Smithsonian NNP 32282 2 75 Institution Institution NNP 32282 2 76 . . . 32282 2 77 _ _ NNP 32282 2 78 The the DT 32282 2 79 1,000-foot 1,000-foot CD 32282 2 80 tower tower NN 32282 2 81 that that WDT 32282 2 82 formed form VBD 32282 2 83 the the DT 32282 2 84 focal focal JJ 32282 2 85 point point NN 32282 2 86 and and CC 32282 2 87 central central JJ 32282 2 88 feature feature NN 32282 2 89 of of IN 32282 2 90 the the DT 32282 2 91 Universal Universal NNP 32282 2 92 Exposition Exposition NNP 32282 2 93 of of IN 32282 2 94 1889 1889 CD 32282 2 95 at at IN 32282 2 96 Paris Paris NNP 32282 2 97 has have VBZ 32282 2 98 become become VBN 32282 2 99 one one CD 32282 2 100 of of IN 32282 2 101 the the DT 32282 2 102 best well RBS 32282 2 103 known know VBN 32282 2 104 of of IN 32282 2 105 man man NN 32282 2 106 's 's POS 32282 2 107 works work NNS 32282 2 108 . . . 32282 3 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 3 2 was be VBD 32282 3 3 among among IN 32282 3 4 the the DT 32282 3 5 most most RBS 32282 3 6 outstanding outstanding JJ 32282 3 7 technological technological JJ 32282 3 8 achievements achievement NNS 32282 3 9 of of IN 32282 3 10 an an DT 32282 3 11 age age NN 32282 3 12 which which WDT 32282 3 13 was be VBD 32282 3 14 itself -PRON- PRP 32282 3 15 remarkable remarkable JJ 32282 3 16 for for IN 32282 3 17 such such JJ 32282 3 18 achievements achievement NNS 32282 3 19 . . . 32282 4 1 Second second RB 32282 4 2 to to IN 32282 4 3 the the DT 32282 4 4 interest interest NN 32282 4 5 shown show VBN 32282 4 6 in in IN 32282 4 7 the the DT 32282 4 8 tower tower NN 32282 4 9 's 's POS 32282 4 10 structural structural JJ 32282 4 11 aspects aspect NNS 32282 4 12 was be VBD 32282 4 13 the the DT 32282 4 14 interest interest NN 32282 4 15 in in IN 32282 4 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 4 17 mechanical mechanical JJ 32282 4 18 organs organ NNS 32282 4 19 . . . 32282 5 1 Of of IN 32282 5 2 these these DT 32282 5 3 , , , 32282 5 4 the the DT 32282 5 5 most most RBS 32282 5 6 exceptional exceptional JJ 32282 5 7 were be VBD 32282 5 8 the the DT 32282 5 9 three three CD 32282 5 10 separate separate JJ 32282 5 11 elevator elevator NN 32282 5 12 systems system NNS 32282 5 13 by by IN 32282 5 14 which which WDT 32282 5 15 the the DT 32282 5 16 upper upper JJ 32282 5 17 levels level NNS 32282 5 18 were be VBD 32282 5 19 made make VBN 32282 5 20 accessible accessible JJ 32282 5 21 to to IN 32282 5 22 the the DT 32282 5 23 Exposition Exposition NNP 32282 5 24 visitors visitor NNS 32282 5 25 . . . 32282 6 1 The the DT 32282 6 2 design design NN 32282 6 3 of of IN 32282 6 4 these these DT 32282 6 5 systems system NNS 32282 6 6 involved involve VBD 32282 6 7 problems problem NNS 32282 6 8 far far RB 32282 6 9 greater great JJR 32282 6 10 than than IN 32282 6 11 had have VBD 32282 6 12 been be VBN 32282 6 13 encountered encounter VBN 32282 6 14 in in IN 32282 6 15 previous previous JJ 32282 6 16 elevator elevator NN 32282 6 17 work work NN 32282 6 18 anywhere anywhere RB 32282 6 19 in in IN 32282 6 20 the the DT 32282 6 21 world world NN 32282 6 22 . . . 32282 7 1 The the DT 32282 7 2 basis basis NN 32282 7 3 of of IN 32282 7 4 these these DT 32282 7 5 difficulties difficulty NNS 32282 7 6 was be VBD 32282 7 7 the the DT 32282 7 8 amplification amplification NN 32282 7 9 of of IN 32282 7 10 the the DT 32282 7 11 two two CD 32282 7 12 conditions condition NNS 32282 7 13 that that WDT 32282 7 14 were be VBD 32282 7 15 the the DT 32282 7 16 normal normal JJ 32282 7 17 determinants determinant NNS 32282 7 18 in in IN 32282 7 19 elevator elevator NN 32282 7 20 design design NN 32282 7 21 -- -- : 32282 7 22 passenger passenger NN 32282 7 23 capacity capacity NN 32282 7 24 and and CC 32282 7 25 height height NN 32282 7 26 of of IN 32282 7 27 rise rise NN 32282 7 28 . . . 32282 8 1 In in IN 32282 8 2 addition addition NN 32282 8 3 , , , 32282 8 4 there there EX 32282 8 5 was be VBD 32282 8 6 the the DT 32282 8 7 problem problem NN 32282 8 8 , , , 32282 8 9 totally totally RB 32282 8 10 new new JJ 32282 8 11 , , , 32282 8 12 of of IN 32282 8 13 fitting fitting JJ 32282 8 14 elevator elevator NN 32282 8 15 shafts shaft VBZ 32282 8 16 to to IN 32282 8 17 the the DT 32282 8 18 curvature curvature NN 32282 8 19 of of IN 32282 8 20 the the DT 32282 8 21 Tower Tower NNP 32282 8 22 's 's POS 32282 8 23 legs leg NNS 32282 8 24 . . . 32282 9 1 The the DT 32282 9 2 study study NN 32282 9 3 of of IN 32282 9 4 the the DT 32282 9 5 various various JJ 32282 9 6 solutions solution NNS 32282 9 7 to to IN 32282 9 8 these these DT 32282 9 9 problems problem NNS 32282 9 10 presents present VBZ 32282 9 11 a a DT 32282 9 12 concise concise JJ 32282 9 13 view view NN 32282 9 14 of of IN 32282 9 15 the the DT 32282 9 16 capabilities capability NNS 32282 9 17 of of IN 32282 9 18 the the DT 32282 9 19 elevator elevator NN 32282 9 20 art art NN 32282 9 21 just just RB 32282 9 22 prior prior RB 32282 9 23 to to IN 32282 9 24 the the DT 32282 9 25 beginning beginning NN 32282 9 26 of of IN 32282 9 27 the the DT 32282 9 28 most most RBS 32282 9 29 recent recent JJ 32282 9 30 phase phase NN 32282 9 31 of of IN 32282 9 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 9 33 development development NN 32282 9 34 , , , 32282 9 35 marked mark VBN 32282 9 36 by by IN 32282 9 37 the the DT 32282 9 38 entry entry NN 32282 9 39 of of IN 32282 9 40 electricity electricity NN 32282 9 41 into into IN 32282 9 42 the the DT 32282 9 43 field field NN 32282 9 44 . . . 32282 10 1 The the DT 32282 10 2 great great JJ 32282 10 3 confidence confidence NN 32282 10 4 of of IN 32282 10 5 the the DT 32282 10 6 Tower Tower NNP 32282 10 7 's 's POS 32282 10 8 builder builder NN 32282 10 9 in in IN 32282 10 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 10 11 own own JJ 32282 10 12 engineering engineering NN 32282 10 13 ability ability NN 32282 10 14 can can MD 32282 10 15 be be VB 32282 10 16 fully fully RB 32282 10 17 appreciated appreciate VBN 32282 10 18 , , , 32282 10 19 however however RB 32282 10 20 , , , 32282 10 21 only only RB 32282 10 22 when when WRB 32282 10 23 notice notice NN 32282 10 24 is be VBZ 32282 10 25 taken take VBN 32282 10 26 of of IN 32282 10 27 one one CD 32282 10 28 exceptional exceptional JJ 32282 10 29 way way NN 32282 10 30 in in IN 32282 10 31 which which WDT 32282 10 32 the the DT 32282 10 33 project project NN 32282 10 34 differed differ VBN 32282 10 35 from from IN 32282 10 36 works work NNS 32282 10 37 of of IN 32282 10 38 earlier early JJR 32282 10 39 periods period NNS 32282 10 40 as as RB 32282 10 41 well well RB 32282 10 42 as as IN 32282 10 43 from from IN 32282 10 44 contemporary contemporary JJ 32282 10 45 ones one NNS 32282 10 46 . . . 32282 11 1 In in IN 32282 11 2 almost almost RB 32282 11 3 every every DT 32282 11 4 case case NN 32282 11 5 , , , 32282 11 6 these these DT 32282 11 7 other other JJ 32282 11 8 works work NNS 32282 11 9 had have VBD 32282 11 10 evolved evolve VBN 32282 11 11 , , , 32282 11 12 in in IN 32282 11 13 a a DT 32282 11 14 natural natural JJ 32282 11 15 and and CC 32282 11 16 progressive progressive JJ 32282 11 17 way way NN 32282 11 18 , , , 32282 11 19 from from IN 32282 11 20 a a DT 32282 11 21 fundamental fundamental JJ 32282 11 22 concept concept NN 32282 11 23 firmly firmly RB 32282 11 24 based base VBN 32282 11 25 upon upon IN 32282 11 26 precedent precedent NN 32282 11 27 . . . 32282 12 1 This this DT 32282 12 2 was be VBD 32282 12 3 true true JJ 32282 12 4 of of IN 32282 12 5 such such JJ 32282 12 6 notable notable JJ 32282 12 7 structures structure NNS 32282 12 8 of of IN 32282 12 9 the the DT 32282 12 10 time time NN 32282 12 11 as as IN 32282 12 12 the the DT 32282 12 13 Brooklyn Brooklyn NNP 32282 12 14 Bridge Bridge NNP 32282 12 15 and and CC 32282 12 16 , , , 32282 12 17 to to IN 32282 12 18 a a DT 32282 12 19 lesser less JJR 32282 12 20 extent extent NN 32282 12 21 , , , 32282 12 22 the the DT 32282 12 23 Forth Forth NNP 32282 12 24 Bridge Bridge NNP 32282 12 25 . . . 32282 13 1 For for IN 32282 13 2 the the DT 32282 13 3 design design NN 32282 13 4 of of IN 32282 13 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 13 6 tower tower NN 32282 13 7 , , , 32282 13 8 there there EX 32282 13 9 was be VBD 32282 13 10 virtually virtually RB 32282 13 11 no no DT 32282 13 12 experience experience NN 32282 13 13 in in IN 32282 13 14 structural structural JJ 32282 13 15 history history NN 32282 13 16 from from IN 32282 13 17 which which WDT 32282 13 18 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 13 19 could could MD 32282 13 20 draw draw VB 32282 13 21 other other JJ 32282 13 22 than than IN 32282 13 23 a a DT 32282 13 24 series series NN 32282 13 25 of of IN 32282 13 26 high high JJ 32282 13 27 piers pier NNS 32282 13 28 that that WDT 32282 13 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 13 30 own own JJ 32282 13 31 firm firm NN 32282 13 32 had have VBD 32282 13 33 designed design VBN 32282 13 34 earlier early RBR 32282 13 35 for for IN 32282 13 36 railway railway NN 32282 13 37 bridges bridge NNS 32282 13 38 . . . 32282 14 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 14 2 was be VBD 32282 14 3 these these DT 32282 14 4 designs design NNS 32282 14 5 that that WDT 32282 14 6 led lead VBD 32282 14 7 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 14 8 to to TO 32282 14 9 consider consider VB 32282 14 10 the the DT 32282 14 11 practicality practicality NN 32282 14 12 of of IN 32282 14 13 iron iron NN 32282 14 14 structures structure NNS 32282 14 15 of of IN 32282 14 16 extreme extreme JJ 32282 14 17 height height NN 32282 14 18 . . . 32282 15 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 15 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 15 3 : : : 32282 15 4 Figure figure VB 32282 15 5 1.--The 1.--The NNP 32282 15 6 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 15 7 Tower Tower NNP 32282 15 8 at at IN 32282 15 9 the the DT 32282 15 10 time time NN 32282 15 11 of of IN 32282 15 12 the the DT 32282 15 13 Universal Universal NNP 32282 15 14 Exposition Exposition NNP 32282 15 15 of of IN 32282 15 16 1889 1889 CD 32282 15 17 at at IN 32282 15 18 Paris Paris NNP 32282 15 19 . . . 32282 16 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 16 2 From from IN 32282 16 3 _ _ NNP 32282 16 4 La La NNP 32282 16 5 Nature Nature NNP 32282 16 6 _ _ NNP 32282 16 7 , , , 32282 16 8 June June NNP 32282 16 9 29 29 CD 32282 16 10 , , , 32282 16 11 1889 1889 CD 32282 16 12 , , , 32282 16 13 vol vol NNP 32282 16 14 . . . 32282 17 1 17 17 CD 32282 17 2 , , , 32282 17 3 p. p. NN 32282 18 1 73 73 CD 32282 18 2 . . . 32282 18 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 18 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 19 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 19 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 19 3 : : : 32282 19 4 Figure Figure NNP 32282 19 5 2.--Gustave 2.--Gustave NNP 32282 19 6 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 19 7 ( ( -LRB- 32282 19 8 1832 1832 CD 32282 19 9 - - SYM 32282 19 10 1923 1923 CD 32282 19 11 ) ) -RRB- 32282 19 12 . . . 32282 20 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 20 2 From from IN 32282 20 3 Gustave Gustave NNP 32282 20 4 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 20 5 , , , 32282 20 6 _ _ NNP 32282 20 7 La La NNP 32282 20 8 Tour Tour NNP 32282 20 9 de de NNP 32282 20 10 Trois Trois NNP 32282 20 11 Cents Cents NNPS 32282 20 12 Mètres Mètres NNPS 32282 20 13 _ _ NNP 32282 20 14 , , , 32282 20 15 Paris Paris NNP 32282 20 16 , , , 32282 20 17 1900 1900 CD 32282 20 18 , , , 32282 20 19 frontispiece frontispiece NN 32282 20 20 . . . 32282 20 21 ) ) -RRB- 32282 20 22 ] ] -RRB- 32282 21 1 There there EX 32282 21 2 was be VBD 32282 21 3 , , , 32282 21 4 it -PRON- PRP 32282 21 5 is be VBZ 32282 21 6 true true JJ 32282 21 7 , , , 32282 21 8 some some DT 32282 21 9 inspiration inspiration NN 32282 21 10 to to TO 32282 21 11 be be VB 32282 21 12 found find VBN 32282 21 13 in in IN 32282 21 14 the the DT 32282 21 15 paper paper NN 32282 21 16 projects project NNS 32282 21 17 of of IN 32282 21 18 several several JJ 32282 21 19 earlier early JJR 32282 21 20 designers designer NNS 32282 21 21 -- -- : 32282 21 22 themselves -PRON- PRP 32282 21 23 inspired inspire VBN 32282 21 24 by by IN 32282 21 25 that that DT 32282 21 26 compulsion compulsion NN 32282 21 27 which which WDT 32282 21 28 throughout throughout IN 32282 21 29 history history NN 32282 21 30 seems seem VBZ 32282 21 31 to to TO 32282 21 32 have have VB 32282 21 33 driven drive VBN 32282 21 34 men man NNS 32282 21 35 to to TO 32282 21 36 attempt attempt VB 32282 21 37 the the DT 32282 21 38 erection erection NN 32282 21 39 of of IN 32282 21 40 magnificently magnificently RB 32282 21 41 high high JJ 32282 21 42 structures structure NNS 32282 21 43 . . . 32282 22 1 One one CD 32282 22 2 such such JJ 32282 22 3 inspiration inspiration NN 32282 22 4 was be VBD 32282 22 5 a a DT 32282 22 6 proposal proposal NN 32282 22 7 made make VBN 32282 22 8 in in IN 32282 22 9 1832 1832 CD 32282 22 10 by by IN 32282 22 11 the the DT 32282 22 12 celebrated celebrated JJ 32282 22 13 but but CC 32282 22 14 eccentric eccentric JJ 32282 22 15 Welsh Welsh NNP 32282 22 16 engineer engineer NN 32282 22 17 Richard Richard NNP 32282 22 18 Trevithick Trevithick NNP 32282 22 19 to to TO 32282 22 20 erect erect VB 32282 22 21 a a DT 32282 22 22 1,000-foot 1,000-foot CD 32282 22 23 , , , 32282 22 24 conical conical JJ 32282 22 25 , , , 32282 22 26 cast cast NN 32282 22 27 - - HYPH 32282 22 28 iron iron NN 32282 22 29 tower tower NN 32282 22 30 ( ( -LRB- 32282 22 31 fig fig NN 32282 22 32 . . . 32282 23 1 3 3 LS 32282 23 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 23 3 to to TO 32282 23 4 celebrate celebrate VB 32282 23 5 the the DT 32282 23 6 passing passing NN 32282 23 7 of of IN 32282 23 8 the the DT 32282 23 9 Reform Reform NNP 32282 23 10 Bill Bill NNP 32282 23 11 . . . 32282 24 1 Of of IN 32282 24 2 particular particular JJ 32282 24 3 interest interest NN 32282 24 4 in in IN 32282 24 5 light light NN 32282 24 6 of of IN 32282 24 7 the the DT 32282 24 8 present present JJ 32282 24 9 discussion discussion NN 32282 24 10 was be VBD 32282 24 11 Trevithick Trevithick NNP 32282 24 12 's 's POS 32282 24 13 plan plan NN 32282 24 14 to to TO 32282 24 15 raise raise VB 32282 24 16 visitors visitor NNS 32282 24 17 to to IN 32282 24 18 the the DT 32282 24 19 summit summit NN 32282 24 20 on on IN 32282 24 21 a a DT 32282 24 22 piston piston NN 32282 24 23 , , , 32282 24 24 driven drive VBN 32282 24 25 upward upward RB 32282 24 26 within within IN 32282 24 27 the the DT 32282 24 28 structure structure NN 32282 24 29 's 's POS 32282 24 30 hollow hollow JJ 32282 24 31 central central JJ 32282 24 32 tube tube NN 32282 24 33 by by IN 32282 24 34 compressed compress VBN 32282 24 35 air air NN 32282 24 36 . . . 32282 25 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 25 2 probably probably RB 32282 25 3 is be VBZ 32282 25 4 fortunate fortunate JJ 32282 25 5 for for IN 32282 25 6 Trevithick Trevithick NNP 32282 25 7 's 's POS 32282 25 8 reputation reputation NN 32282 25 9 that that IN 32282 25 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 25 11 plan plan NN 32282 25 12 died die VBD 32282 25 13 shortly shortly RB 32282 25 14 after after IN 32282 25 15 this this DT 32282 25 16 and and CC 32282 25 17 the the DT 32282 25 18 project project NN 32282 25 19 was be VBD 32282 25 20 forgotten forget VBN 32282 25 21 . . . 32282 26 1 One one CD 32282 26 2 project project NN 32282 26 3 of of IN 32282 26 4 genuine genuine JJ 32282 26 5 promise promise NN 32282 26 6 was be VBD 32282 26 7 a a DT 32282 26 8 tower tower NN 32282 26 9 proposed propose VBN 32282 26 10 by by IN 32282 26 11 the the DT 32282 26 12 eminent eminent JJ 32282 26 13 American american JJ 32282 26 14 engineering engineering NN 32282 26 15 firm firm NN 32282 26 16 of of IN 32282 26 17 Clarke Clarke NNP 32282 26 18 , , , 32282 26 19 Reeves Reeves NNP 32282 26 20 & & CC 32282 26 21 Company Company NNP 32282 26 22 to to TO 32282 26 23 be be VB 32282 26 24 erected erect VBN 32282 26 25 at at IN 32282 26 26 the the DT 32282 26 27 Centennial Centennial NNP 32282 26 28 Exhibition Exhibition NNP 32282 26 29 at at IN 32282 26 30 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 32282 26 31 in in IN 32282 26 32 1876 1876 CD 32282 26 33 . . . 32282 27 1 At at IN 32282 27 2 the the DT 32282 27 3 time time NN 32282 27 4 , , , 32282 27 5 this this DT 32282 27 6 firm firm NN 32282 27 7 was be VBD 32282 27 8 perhaps perhaps RB 32282 27 9 the the DT 32282 27 10 leading lead VBG 32282 27 11 designer designer NN 32282 27 12 and and CC 32282 27 13 erector erector NN 32282 27 14 of of IN 32282 27 15 iron iron NN 32282 27 16 structures structure NNS 32282 27 17 in in IN 32282 27 18 the the DT 32282 27 19 United United NNP 32282 27 20 States States NNP 32282 27 21 , , , 32282 27 22 having have VBG 32282 27 23 executed execute VBN 32282 27 24 such such JJ 32282 27 25 works work NNS 32282 27 26 as as IN 32282 27 27 the the DT 32282 27 28 Girard Girard NNP 32282 27 29 Avenue Avenue NNP 32282 27 30 Bridge Bridge NNP 32282 27 31 over over IN 32282 27 32 the the DT 32282 27 33 Schuylkill Schuylkill NNP 32282 27 34 at at IN 32282 27 35 Fairmount Fairmount NNP 32282 27 36 Park Park NNP 32282 27 37 , , , 32282 27 38 and and CC 32282 27 39 most most JJS 32282 27 40 of of IN 32282 27 41 New New NNP 32282 27 42 York York NNP 32282 27 43 's 's POS 32282 27 44 early early JJ 32282 27 45 elevated elevated JJ 32282 27 46 railway railway NN 32282 27 47 system system NN 32282 27 48 . . . 32282 28 1 The the DT 32282 28 2 company company NN 32282 28 3 's 's POS 32282 28 4 proposal proposal NN 32282 28 5 ( ( -LRB- 32282 28 6 fig fig NN 32282 28 7 . . . 32282 29 1 4 4 LS 32282 29 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 29 3 for for IN 32282 29 4 a a DT 32282 29 5 1,000-foot 1,000-foot CD 32282 29 6 shaft shaft NN 32282 29 7 of of IN 32282 29 8 wrought wrought NN 32282 29 9 - - HYPH 32282 29 10 iron iron NN 32282 29 11 columns column NNS 32282 29 12 braced brace VBN 32282 29 13 by by IN 32282 29 14 a a DT 32282 29 15 continuous continuous JJ 32282 29 16 web web NN 32282 29 17 of of IN 32282 29 18 diagonals diagonal NNS 32282 29 19 was be VBD 32282 29 20 based base VBN 32282 29 21 upon upon IN 32282 29 22 sound sound JJ 32282 29 23 theoretical theoretical JJ 32282 29 24 knowledge knowledge NN 32282 29 25 and and CC 32282 29 26 practical practical JJ 32282 29 27 experience experience NN 32282 29 28 . . . 32282 30 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 32282 30 2 , , , 32282 30 3 the the DT 32282 30 4 natural natural JJ 32282 30 5 hesitation hesitation NN 32282 30 6 that that WDT 32282 30 7 the the DT 32282 30 8 fair fair NN 32282 30 9 's 's POS 32282 30 10 sponsors sponsor NNS 32282 30 11 apparently apparently RB 32282 30 12 felt feel VBD 32282 30 13 in in IN 32282 30 14 the the DT 32282 30 15 face face NN 32282 30 16 of of IN 32282 30 17 so so RB 32282 30 18 heroic heroic JJ 32282 30 19 a a DT 32282 30 20 scheme scheme NN 32282 30 21 could could MD 32282 30 22 not not RB 32282 30 23 be be VB 32282 30 24 overcome overcome VBN 32282 30 25 , , , 32282 30 26 and and CC 32282 30 27 this this DT 32282 30 28 project project NN 32282 30 29 also also RB 32282 30 30 remained remain VBD 32282 30 31 a a DT 32282 30 32 vision vision NN 32282 30 33 . . . 32282 31 1 Preparatory preparatory JJ 32282 31 2 Work work NN 32282 31 3 for for IN 32282 31 4 the the DT 32282 31 5 Tower Tower NNP 32282 31 6 In in IN 32282 31 7 the the DT 32282 31 8 year year NN 32282 31 9 1885 1885 CD 32282 31 10 , , , 32282 31 11 the the DT 32282 31 12 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 31 13 firm firm NN 32282 31 14 , , , 32282 31 15 which which WDT 32282 31 16 also also RB 32282 31 17 had have VBD 32282 31 18 an an DT 32282 31 19 extensive extensive JJ 32282 31 20 background background NN 32282 31 21 of of IN 32282 31 22 experience experience NN 32282 31 23 in in IN 32282 31 24 structural structural JJ 32282 31 25 engineering engineering NN 32282 31 26 , , , 32282 31 27 undertook undertake VBD 32282 31 28 a a DT 32282 31 29 series series NN 32282 31 30 of of IN 32282 31 31 investigations investigation NNS 32282 31 32 of of IN 32282 31 33 tall tall JJ 32282 31 34 metallic metallic JJ 32282 31 35 piers pier NNS 32282 31 36 based base VBN 32282 31 37 upon upon IN 32282 31 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 31 39 recent recent JJ 32282 31 40 experiences experience NNS 32282 31 41 with with IN 32282 31 42 several several JJ 32282 31 43 lofty lofty JJ 32282 31 44 railway railway NN 32282 31 45 viaducts viaduct NNS 32282 31 46 and and CC 32282 31 47 bridges bridge NNS 32282 31 48 . . . 32282 32 1 The the DT 32282 32 2 most most RBS 32282 32 3 spectacular spectacular JJ 32282 32 4 of of IN 32282 32 5 these these DT 32282 32 6 was be VBD 32282 32 7 the the DT 32282 32 8 famous famous JJ 32282 32 9 Garabit Garabit NNP 32282 32 10 Viaduct Viaduct NNP 32282 32 11 ( ( -LRB- 32282 32 12 1880 1880 CD 32282 32 13 - - SYM 32282 32 14 1884 1884 CD 32282 32 15 ) ) -RRB- 32282 32 16 , , , 32282 32 17 which which WDT 32282 32 18 carries carry VBZ 32282 32 19 a a DT 32282 32 20 railroad railroad NN 32282 32 21 some some DT 32282 32 22 400 400 CD 32282 32 23 feet foot NNS 32282 32 24 above above IN 32282 32 25 the the DT 32282 32 26 valley valley NN 32282 32 27 of of IN 32282 32 28 the the DT 32282 32 29 Truyere Truyere NNP 32282 32 30 in in IN 32282 32 31 southern southern JJ 32282 32 32 France France NNP 32282 32 33 . . . 32282 33 1 While while IN 32282 33 2 the the DT 32282 33 3 200-foot 200-foot CD 32282 33 4 height height NN 32282 33 5 of of IN 32282 33 6 the the DT 32282 33 7 viaduct viaduct NN 32282 33 8 's 's POS 32282 33 9 two two CD 32282 33 10 greatest great JJS 32282 33 11 piers pier NNS 32282 33 12 was be VBD 32282 33 13 not not RB 32282 33 14 startling startle VBG 32282 33 15 even even RB 32282 33 16 at at IN 32282 33 17 that that DT 32282 33 18 period period NN 32282 33 19 , , , 32282 33 20 the the DT 32282 33 21 studies study NNS 32282 33 22 proved prove VBD 32282 33 23 that that IN 32282 33 24 piers pier NNS 32282 33 25 of of IN 32282 33 26 far far RB 32282 33 27 greater great JJR 32282 33 28 height height NN 32282 33 29 were be VBD 32282 33 30 entirely entirely RB 32282 33 31 feasible feasible JJ 32282 33 32 in in IN 32282 33 33 iron iron NN 32282 33 34 construction construction NN 32282 33 35 . . . 32282 34 1 This this DT 32282 34 2 led lead VBD 32282 34 3 to to IN 32282 34 4 the the DT 32282 34 5 design design NN 32282 34 6 of of IN 32282 34 7 a a DT 32282 34 8 395-foot 395-foot CD 32282 34 9 pier pier NN 32282 34 10 , , , 32282 34 11 which which WDT 32282 34 12 , , , 32282 34 13 although although IN 32282 34 14 never never RB 32282 34 15 incorporated incorporate VBD 32282 34 16 into into IN 32282 34 17 a a DT 32282 34 18 bridge bridge NN 32282 34 19 , , , 32282 34 20 may may MD 32282 34 21 be be VB 32282 34 22 said say VBN 32282 34 23 to to TO 32282 34 24 have have VB 32282 34 25 been be VBN 32282 34 26 the the DT 32282 34 27 direct direct JJ 32282 34 28 basis basis NN 32282 34 29 for for IN 32282 34 30 the the DT 32282 34 31 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 34 32 Tower Tower NNP 32282 34 33 . . . 32282 35 1 Preliminary preliminary JJ 32282 35 2 studies study NNS 32282 35 3 for for IN 32282 35 4 a a DT 32282 35 5 300-meter 300-meter CD 32282 35 6 tower tower NN 32282 35 7 were be VBD 32282 35 8 made make VBN 32282 35 9 with with IN 32282 35 10 the the DT 32282 35 11 1889 1889 CD 32282 35 12 fair fair NN 32282 35 13 immediately immediately RB 32282 35 14 in in IN 32282 35 15 mind mind NN 32282 35 16 . . . 32282 36 1 With with IN 32282 36 2 an an DT 32282 36 3 assurance assurance NN 32282 36 4 born bear VBN 32282 36 5 of of IN 32282 36 6 positive positive JJ 32282 36 7 knowledge knowledge NN 32282 36 8 , , , 32282 36 9 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 36 10 in in IN 32282 36 11 June June NNP 32282 36 12 of of IN 32282 36 13 1886 1886 CD 32282 36 14 approached approach VBD 32282 36 15 the the DT 32282 36 16 Exposition Exposition NNP 32282 36 17 commissioners commissioner NNS 32282 36 18 with with IN 32282 36 19 the the DT 32282 36 20 project project NN 32282 36 21 . . . 32282 37 1 There there EX 32282 37 2 can can MD 32282 37 3 be be VB 32282 37 4 no no DT 32282 37 5 doubt doubt NN 32282 37 6 that that IN 32282 37 7 only only RB 32282 37 8 the the DT 32282 37 9 singular singular JJ 32282 37 10 respect respect NN 32282 37 11 with with IN 32282 37 12 which which WDT 32282 37 13 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 37 14 was be VBD 32282 37 15 regarded regard VBN 32282 37 16 not not RB 32282 37 17 only only RB 32282 37 18 by by IN 32282 37 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 37 20 profession profession NN 32282 37 21 but but CC 32282 37 22 by by IN 32282 37 23 the the DT 32282 37 24 entire entire JJ 32282 37 25 nation nation NN 32282 37 26 motivated motivate VBD 32282 37 27 the the DT 32282 37 28 Commission Commission NNP 32282 37 29 to to TO 32282 37 30 approve approve VB 32282 37 31 a a DT 32282 37 32 plan plan NN 32282 37 33 which which WDT 32282 37 34 , , , 32282 37 35 in in IN 32282 37 36 the the DT 32282 37 37 hands hand NNS 32282 37 38 of of IN 32282 37 39 a a DT 32282 37 40 figure figure NN 32282 37 41 of of IN 32282 37 42 less less JJR 32282 37 43 stature stature NN 32282 37 44 , , , 32282 37 45 would would MD 32282 37 46 have have VB 32282 37 47 been be VBN 32282 37 48 considered consider VBN 32282 37 49 grossly grossly RB 32282 37 50 impractical impractical JJ 32282 37 51 . . . 32282 38 1 Between between IN 32282 38 2 this this DT 32282 38 3 time time NN 32282 38 4 and and CC 32282 38 5 commencement commencement NN 32282 38 6 of of IN 32282 38 7 the the DT 32282 38 8 Tower Tower NNP 32282 38 9 's 's POS 32282 38 10 construction construction NN 32282 38 11 at at IN 32282 38 12 the the DT 32282 38 13 end end NN 32282 38 14 of of IN 32282 38 15 January January NNP 32282 38 16 1887 1887 CD 32282 38 17 , , , 32282 38 18 there there RB 32282 38 19 arose arise VBD 32282 38 20 one one CD 32282 38 21 of of IN 32282 38 22 the the DT 32282 38 23 most most RBS 32282 38 24 persistently persistently RB 32282 38 25 annoying annoying JJ 32282 38 26 of of IN 32282 38 27 the the DT 32282 38 28 numerous numerous JJ 32282 38 29 difficulties difficulty NNS 32282 38 30 , , , 32282 38 31 both both DT 32282 38 32 structural structural JJ 32282 38 33 and and CC 32282 38 34 social social JJ 32282 38 35 , , , 32282 38 36 which which WDT 32282 38 37 confronted confront VBD 32282 38 38 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 38 39 as as IN 32282 38 40 the the DT 32282 38 41 project project NN 32282 38 42 advanced advance VBD 32282 38 43 . . . 32282 39 1 In in IN 32282 39 2 the the DT 32282 39 3 wake wake NN 32282 39 4 of of IN 32282 39 5 the the DT 32282 39 6 initial initial JJ 32282 39 7 enthusiasm enthusiasm NN 32282 39 8 -- -- : 32282 39 9 on on IN 32282 39 10 the the DT 32282 39 11 part part NN 32282 39 12 of of IN 32282 39 13 the the DT 32282 39 14 fair fair NN 32282 39 15 's 's POS 32282 39 16 Commission Commission NNP 32282 39 17 inspired inspire VBN 32282 39 18 by by IN 32282 39 19 the the DT 32282 39 20 desire desire NN 32282 39 21 to to TO 32282 39 22 create create VB 32282 39 23 a a DT 32282 39 24 monument monument NN 32282 39 25 to to IN 32282 39 26 French french JJ 32282 39 27 technological technological JJ 32282 39 28 achievement achievement NN 32282 39 29 , , , 32282 39 30 and and CC 32282 39 31 on on IN 32282 39 32 the the DT 32282 39 33 part part NN 32282 39 34 of of IN 32282 39 35 the the DT 32282 39 36 majority majority NN 32282 39 37 of of IN 32282 39 38 Frenchmen Frenchmen NNPS 32282 39 39 by by IN 32282 39 40 the the DT 32282 39 41 stirring stirring NN 32282 39 42 of of IN 32282 39 43 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 39 44 imagination imagination NN 32282 39 45 at at IN 32282 39 46 the the DT 32282 39 47 magnitude magnitude NN 32282 39 48 of of IN 32282 39 49 the the DT 32282 39 50 structure structure NN 32282 39 51 -- -- : 32282 39 52 there there EX 32282 39 53 grew grow VBD 32282 39 54 a a DT 32282 39 55 rising rise VBG 32282 39 56 movement movement NN 32282 39 57 of of IN 32282 39 58 disfavor disfavor NN 32282 39 59 . . . 32282 40 1 The the DT 32282 40 2 nucleus nucleus NN 32282 40 3 was be VBD 32282 40 4 , , , 32282 40 5 not not RB 32282 40 6 surprisingly surprisingly RB 32282 40 7 , , , 32282 40 8 formed form VBN 32282 40 9 mainly mainly RB 32282 40 10 of of IN 32282 40 11 the the DT 32282 40 12 intelligentsia intelligentsia NN 32282 40 13 , , , 32282 40 14 but but CC 32282 40 15 objections objection NNS 32282 40 16 were be VBD 32282 40 17 made make VBN 32282 40 18 by by IN 32282 40 19 prominent prominent JJ 32282 40 20 Frenchmen frenchman NNS 32282 40 21 in in IN 32282 40 22 all all DT 32282 40 23 walks walk NNS 32282 40 24 of of IN 32282 40 25 life life NN 32282 40 26 . . . 32282 41 1 The the DT 32282 41 2 most most RBS 32282 41 3 interesting interesting JJ 32282 41 4 point point NN 32282 41 5 to to TO 32282 41 6 be be VB 32282 41 7 noted note VBN 32282 41 8 in in IN 32282 41 9 a a DT 32282 41 10 retrospection retrospection NN 32282 41 11 of of IN 32282 41 12 this this DT 32282 41 13 often often RB 32282 41 14 violent violent JJ 32282 41 15 opposition opposition NN 32282 41 16 was be VBD 32282 41 17 that that IN 32282 41 18 , , , 32282 41 19 although although IN 32282 41 20 the the DT 32282 41 21 Tower Tower NNP 32282 41 22 's 's POS 32282 41 23 every every DT 32282 41 24 aspect aspect NN 32282 41 25 was be VBD 32282 41 26 attacked attack VBN 32282 41 27 , , , 32282 41 28 there there EX 32282 41 29 was be VBD 32282 41 30 remarkably remarkably RB 32282 41 31 little little JJ 32282 41 32 criticism criticism NN 32282 41 33 of of IN 32282 41 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 41 35 structural structural JJ 32282 41 36 feasibility feasibility NN 32282 41 37 , , , 32282 41 38 either either CC 32282 41 39 by by IN 32282 41 40 the the DT 32282 41 41 engineering engineering NN 32282 41 42 profession profession NN 32282 41 43 or or CC 32282 41 44 , , , 32282 41 45 as as IN 32282 41 46 seems seem VBZ 32282 41 47 traditionally traditionally RB 32282 41 48 to to TO 32282 41 49 be be VB 32282 41 50 the the DT 32282 41 51 case case NN 32282 41 52 with with IN 32282 41 53 bold bold JJ 32282 41 54 and and CC 32282 41 55 unprecedented unprecedented JJ 32282 41 56 undertakings undertaking NNS 32282 41 57 , , , 32282 41 58 by by IN 32282 41 59 large large JJ 32282 41 60 numbers number NNS 32282 41 61 of of IN 32282 41 62 the the DT 32282 41 63 technically technically RB 32282 41 64 uninformed uninformed JJ 32282 41 65 laity laity NN 32282 41 66 . . . 32282 42 1 True true JJ 32282 42 2 , , , 32282 42 3 there there EX 32282 42 4 was be VBD 32282 42 5 an an DT 32282 42 6 undercurrent undercurrent NN 32282 42 7 of of IN 32282 42 8 what what WP 32282 42 9 might may MD 32282 42 10 be be VB 32282 42 11 characterized characterize VBN 32282 42 12 as as IN 32282 42 13 unease unease NN 32282 42 14 by by IN 32282 42 15 many many JJ 32282 42 16 property property NN 32282 42 17 owners owner NNS 32282 42 18 in in IN 32282 42 19 the the DT 32282 42 20 structure structure NN 32282 42 21 's 's POS 32282 42 22 shadow shadow NN 32282 42 23 , , , 32282 42 24 but but CC 32282 42 25 the the DT 32282 42 26 most most JJS 32282 42 27 obstinate obstinate JJ 32282 42 28 element element NN 32282 42 29 of of IN 32282 42 30 resistance resistance NN 32282 42 31 was be VBD 32282 42 32 that that IN 32282 42 33 which which WDT 32282 42 34 deplored deplore VBD 32282 42 35 the the DT 32282 42 36 Tower Tower NNP 32282 42 37 as as IN 32282 42 38 a a DT 32282 42 39 mechanistic mechanistic JJ 32282 42 40 intrusion intrusion NN 32282 42 41 upon upon IN 32282 42 42 the the DT 32282 42 43 architectural architectural JJ 32282 42 44 and and CC 32282 42 45 natural natural JJ 32282 42 46 beauties beauty NNS 32282 42 47 of of IN 32282 42 48 Paris Paris NNP 32282 42 49 . . . 32282 43 1 This this DT 32282 43 2 resistance resistance NN 32282 43 3 voiced voice VBD 32282 43 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 43 5 fury fury NN 32282 43 6 in in IN 32282 43 7 a a DT 32282 43 8 flood flood NN 32282 43 9 of of IN 32282 43 10 special special JJ 32282 43 11 newspaper newspaper NN 32282 43 12 editions edition NNS 32282 43 13 , , , 32282 43 14 petitions petition NNS 32282 43 15 , , , 32282 43 16 and and CC 32282 43 17 manifestos manifesto NNS 32282 43 18 signed sign VBN 32282 43 19 by by IN 32282 43 20 such such JJ 32282 43 21 lights light NNS 32282 43 22 of of IN 32282 43 23 the the DT 32282 43 24 fine fine JJ 32282 43 25 and and CC 32282 43 26 literary literary JJ 32282 43 27 arts art NNS 32282 43 28 as as IN 32282 43 29 De De NNP 32282 43 30 Maupassant Maupassant NNP 32282 43 31 , , , 32282 43 32 Gounod Gounod NNP 32282 43 33 , , , 32282 43 34 Dumas Dumas NNP 32282 43 35 _ _ NNP 32282 43 36 fils fil VBZ 32282 43 37 _ _ NNP 32282 43 38 , , , 32282 43 39 and and CC 32282 43 40 others other NNS 32282 43 41 . . . 32282 44 1 The the DT 32282 44 2 eloquence eloquence NN 32282 44 3 of of IN 32282 44 4 one one CD 32282 44 5 article article NN 32282 44 6 , , , 32282 44 7 which which WDT 32282 44 8 appeared appear VBD 32282 44 9 in in IN 32282 44 10 several several JJ 32282 44 11 Paris Paris NNP 32282 44 12 papers paper NNS 32282 44 13 in in IN 32282 44 14 February February NNP 32282 44 15 1887 1887 CD 32282 44 16 , , , 32282 44 17 was be VBD 32282 44 18 typical typical JJ 32282 44 19 : : : 32282 44 20 We -PRON- PRP 32282 44 21 protest protest VBP 32282 44 22 in in IN 32282 44 23 the the DT 32282 44 24 name name NN 32282 44 25 of of IN 32282 44 26 French french JJ 32282 44 27 taste taste NN 32282 44 28 and and CC 32282 44 29 the the DT 32282 44 30 national national JJ 32282 44 31 art art NN 32282 44 32 culture culture NN 32282 44 33 against against IN 32282 44 34 the the DT 32282 44 35 erection erection NN 32282 44 36 of of IN 32282 44 37 a a DT 32282 44 38 staggering staggering JJ 32282 44 39 Tower Tower NNP 32282 44 40 , , , 32282 44 41 like like IN 32282 44 42 a a DT 32282 44 43 gigantic gigantic JJ 32282 44 44 kitchen kitchen NN 32282 44 45 chimney chimney NN 32282 44 46 dominating dominate VBG 32282 44 47 Paris Paris NNP 32282 44 48 , , , 32282 44 49 eclipsing eclipse VBG 32282 44 50 by by IN 32282 44 51 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 44 52 barbarous barbarous JJ 32282 44 53 mass mass NN 32282 44 54 Notre Notre NNP 32282 44 55 Dame Dame NNP 32282 44 56 , , , 32282 44 57 the the DT 32282 44 58 Sainte Sainte NNP 32282 44 59 - - HYPH 32282 44 60 Chapelle Chapelle NNP 32282 44 61 , , , 32282 44 62 the the DT 32282 44 63 tower tower NN 32282 44 64 of of IN 32282 44 65 St. St. NNP 32282 44 66 Jacques Jacques NNP 32282 44 67 , , , 32282 44 68 the the DT 32282 44 69 Dôme Dôme NNP 32282 44 70 des des FW 32282 44 71 Invalides Invalides NNP 32282 44 72 , , , 32282 44 73 the the DT 32282 44 74 Arc Arc NNP 32282 44 75 de de FW 32282 44 76 Triomphe Triomphe NNP 32282 44 77 , , , 32282 44 78 humiliating humiliate VBG 32282 44 79 these these DT 32282 44 80 monuments monument NNS 32282 44 81 by by IN 32282 44 82 an an DT 32282 44 83 act act NN 32282 44 84 of of IN 32282 44 85 madness madness NN 32282 44 86 . . . 32282 45 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 45 2 1 1 LS 32282 45 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 45 4 Further further RB 32282 45 5 , , , 32282 45 6 a a DT 32282 45 7 prediction prediction NN 32282 45 8 was be VBD 32282 45 9 made make VBN 32282 45 10 that that IN 32282 45 11 the the DT 32282 45 12 entire entire JJ 32282 45 13 city city NN 32282 45 14 would would MD 32282 45 15 become become VB 32282 45 16 dishonored dishonor VBN 32282 45 17 by by IN 32282 45 18 the the DT 32282 45 19 odious odious JJ 32282 45 20 shadow shadow NN 32282 45 21 of of IN 32282 45 22 the the DT 32282 45 23 odious odious JJ 32282 45 24 column column NN 32282 45 25 of of IN 32282 45 26 bolted bolt VBN 32282 45 27 sheet sheet NN 32282 45 28 iron iron NN 32282 45 29 . . . 32282 46 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 46 2 is be VBZ 32282 46 3 impossible impossible JJ 32282 46 4 to to TO 32282 46 5 determine determine VB 32282 46 6 what what WDT 32282 46 7 influence influence NN 32282 46 8 these these DT 32282 46 9 outcries outcry NNS 32282 46 10 might may MD 32282 46 11 have have VB 32282 46 12 had have VBD 32282 46 13 on on IN 32282 46 14 the the DT 32282 46 15 project project NN 32282 46 16 had have VBD 32282 46 17 they -PRON- PRP 32282 46 18 been be VBN 32282 46 19 organized organize VBN 32282 46 20 sooner soon RBR 32282 46 21 . . . 32282 47 1 But but CC 32282 47 2 inasmuch inasmuch VB 32282 47 3 as as IN 32282 47 4 the the DT 32282 47 5 Commission Commission NNP 32282 47 6 had have VBD 32282 47 7 , , , 32282 47 8 in in IN 32282 47 9 November November NNP 32282 47 10 1886 1886 CD 32282 47 11 , , , 32282 47 12 provided provide VBD 32282 47 13 1,500,000 1,500,000 CD 32282 47 14 francs franc NNS 32282 47 15 for for IN 32282 47 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 47 17 commencement commencement NN 32282 47 18 , , , 32282 47 19 the the DT 32282 47 20 work work NN 32282 47 21 had have VBD 32282 47 22 been be VBN 32282 47 23 fairly fairly RB 32282 47 24 launched launch VBN 32282 47 25 by by IN 32282 47 26 the the DT 32282 47 27 time time NN 32282 47 28 the the DT 32282 47 29 protestations protestation NNS 32282 47 30 became become VBD 32282 47 31 loud loud JJ 32282 47 32 enough enough RB 32282 47 33 to to TO 32282 47 34 threaten threaten VB 32282 47 35 and and CC 32282 47 36 they -PRON- PRP 32282 47 37 were be VBD 32282 47 38 ineffectual ineffectual JJ 32282 47 39 . . . 32282 48 1 Upon upon IN 32282 48 2 completion completion NN 32282 48 3 , , , 32282 48 4 many many JJ 32282 48 5 of of IN 32282 48 6 the the DT 32282 48 7 most most RBS 32282 48 8 vigorous vigorous JJ 32282 48 9 protestants protestant NNS 32282 48 10 became become VBD 32282 48 11 as as RB 32282 48 12 vigorous vigorous JJ 32282 48 13 in in IN 32282 48 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 48 15 praise praise NN 32282 48 16 of of IN 32282 48 17 the the DT 32282 48 18 Tower Tower NNP 32282 48 19 , , , 32282 48 20 but but CC 32282 48 21 a a DT 32282 48 22 hard hard JJ 32282 48 23 core core NN 32282 48 24 of of IN 32282 48 25 critics critic NNS 32282 48 26 continued continue VBD 32282 48 27 for for IN 32282 48 28 several several JJ 32282 48 29 years year NNS 32282 48 30 to to TO 32282 48 31 circulate circulate VB 32282 48 32 petitions petition NNS 32282 48 33 advocating advocate VBG 32282 48 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 48 35 demolition demolition NN 32282 48 36 by by IN 32282 48 37 the the DT 32282 48 38 government government NN 32282 48 39 . . . 32282 49 1 One one CD 32282 49 2 of of IN 32282 49 3 these these DT 32282 49 4 critics critic NNS 32282 49 5 , , , 32282 49 6 it -PRON- PRP 32282 49 7 was be VBD 32282 49 8 said say VBN 32282 49 9 -- -- : 32282 49 10 probably probably RB 32282 49 11 apocryphally apocryphally RB 32282 49 12 -- -- : 32282 49 13 took take VBD 32282 49 14 an an DT 32282 49 15 office office NN 32282 49 16 on on IN 32282 49 17 the the DT 32282 49 18 first first JJ 32282 49 19 platform platform NN 32282 49 20 , , , 32282 49 21 that that IN 32282 49 22 being be VBG 32282 49 23 the the DT 32282 49 24 only only JJ 32282 49 25 place place NN 32282 49 26 in in IN 32282 49 27 Paris Paris NNP 32282 49 28 from from IN 32282 49 29 which which WDT 32282 49 30 the the DT 32282 49 31 Tower Tower NNP 32282 49 32 could could MD 32282 49 33 not not RB 32282 49 34 be be VB 32282 49 35 seen see VBN 32282 49 36 . . . 32282 50 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 50 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 50 3 : : : 32282 50 4 Figure Figure NNP 32282 50 5 3.--Trevithick 3.--Trevithick NNP 32282 50 6 's 's POS 32282 50 7 proposed propose VBN 32282 50 8 cast cast NN 32282 50 9 - - HYPH 32282 50 10 iron iron NN 32282 50 11 tower tower NN 32282 50 12 ( ( -LRB- 32282 50 13 1832 1832 CD 32282 50 14 ) ) -RRB- 32282 50 15 would would MD 32282 50 16 have have VB 32282 50 17 been be VBN 32282 50 18 1,000 1,000 CD 32282 50 19 feet foot NNS 32282 50 20 high high JJ 32282 50 21 , , , 32282 50 22 100 100 CD 32282 50 23 feet foot NNS 32282 50 24 in in IN 32282 50 25 diameter diameter NN 32282 50 26 at at IN 32282 50 27 the the DT 32282 50 28 base base NN 32282 50 29 , , , 32282 50 30 12 12 CD 32282 50 31 feet foot NNS 32282 50 32 at at IN 32282 50 33 the the DT 32282 50 34 top top NN 32282 50 35 , , , 32282 50 36 and and CC 32282 50 37 surmounted surmount VBN 32282 50 38 by by IN 32282 50 39 a a DT 32282 50 40 colossal colossal JJ 32282 50 41 statue statue NN 32282 50 42 . . . 32282 51 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 51 2 From from IN 32282 51 3 F. F. NNP 32282 51 4 Dye Dye NNP 32282 51 5 , , , 32282 51 6 _ _ NNP 32282 51 7 Popular Popular NNP 32282 51 8 Engineering Engineering NNP 32282 51 9 _ _ NNP 32282 51 10 , , , 32282 51 11 London London NNP 32282 51 12 , , , 32282 51 13 1895 1895 CD 32282 51 14 , , , 32282 51 15 p. p. NN 32282 52 1 205 205 CD 32282 52 2 . . . 32282 52 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 52 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 53 1 The the DT 32282 53 2 Tower Tower NNP 32282 53 3 's 's POS 32282 53 4 Structural Structural NNP 32282 53 5 Rationale Rationale NNP 32282 53 6 During during IN 32282 53 7 the the DT 32282 53 8 previously previously RB 32282 53 9 mentioned mention VBN 32282 53 10 studies study NNS 32282 53 11 of of IN 32282 53 12 high high JJ 32282 53 13 piers pier NNS 32282 53 14 undertaken undertake VBN 32282 53 15 by by IN 32282 53 16 the the DT 32282 53 17 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 53 18 firm firm NN 32282 53 19 , , , 32282 53 20 it -PRON- PRP 32282 53 21 was be VBD 32282 53 22 established establish VBN 32282 53 23 that that IN 32282 53 24 as as IN 32282 53 25 the the DT 32282 53 26 base base JJ 32282 53 27 width width NN 32282 53 28 of of IN 32282 53 29 these these DT 32282 53 30 piers pier NNS 32282 53 31 increased increase VBD 32282 53 32 in in IN 32282 53 33 proportion proportion NN 32282 53 34 to to IN 32282 53 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 53 36 height height NN 32282 53 37 , , , 32282 53 38 the the DT 32282 53 39 diagonal diagonal JJ 32282 53 40 bracing bracing NN 32282 53 41 connecting connect VBG 32282 53 42 the the DT 32282 53 43 vertical vertical JJ 32282 53 44 members member NNS 32282 53 45 , , , 32282 53 46 necessary necessary JJ 32282 53 47 for for IN 32282 53 48 rigidity rigidity NN 32282 53 49 , , , 32282 53 50 became become VBD 32282 53 51 so so RB 32282 53 52 long long RB 32282 53 53 as as IN 32282 53 54 to to TO 32282 53 55 be be VB 32282 53 56 subject subject JJ 32282 53 57 to to IN 32282 53 58 high high JJ 32282 53 59 flexural flexural JJ 32282 53 60 stresses stress NNS 32282 53 61 from from IN 32282 53 62 wind wind NN 32282 53 63 and and CC 32282 53 64 columnar columnar JJ 32282 53 65 loading loading NN 32282 53 66 . . . 32282 54 1 To to TO 32282 54 2 resist resist VB 32282 54 3 these these DT 32282 54 4 stresses stress NNS 32282 54 5 , , , 32282 54 6 the the DT 32282 54 7 bracing bracing NN 32282 54 8 required require VBD 32282 54 9 extremely extremely RB 32282 54 10 large large JJ 32282 54 11 sections section NNS 32282 54 12 which which WDT 32282 54 13 greatly greatly RB 32282 54 14 increased increase VBD 32282 54 15 the the DT 32282 54 16 surface surface NN 32282 54 17 of of IN 32282 54 18 the the DT 32282 54 19 structure structure NN 32282 54 20 exposed expose VBN 32282 54 21 to to IN 32282 54 22 the the DT 32282 54 23 wind wind NN 32282 54 24 , , , 32282 54 25 and and CC 32282 54 26 was be VBD 32282 54 27 , , , 32282 54 28 moreover moreover RB 32282 54 29 , , , 32282 54 30 decidedly decidedly RB 32282 54 31 uneconomical uneconomical JJ 32282 54 32 . . . 32282 55 1 To to TO 32282 55 2 overcome overcome VB 32282 55 3 this this DT 32282 55 4 difficulty difficulty NN 32282 55 5 , , , 32282 55 6 the the DT 32282 55 7 principle principle NN 32282 55 8 which which WDT 32282 55 9 became become VBD 32282 55 10 the the DT 32282 55 11 basic basic JJ 32282 55 12 design design NN 32282 55 13 concept concept NN 32282 55 14 of of IN 32282 55 15 the the DT 32282 55 16 Tower Tower NNP 32282 55 17 was be VBD 32282 55 18 developed develop VBN 32282 55 19 . . . 32282 56 1 The the DT 32282 56 2 material material NN 32282 56 3 which which WDT 32282 56 4 would would MD 32282 56 5 otherwise otherwise RB 32282 56 6 have have VB 32282 56 7 been be VBN 32282 56 8 used use VBN 32282 56 9 for for IN 32282 56 10 the the DT 32282 56 11 continuous continuous JJ 32282 56 12 lattice lattice NN 32282 56 13 of of IN 32282 56 14 diagonal diagonal JJ 32282 56 15 bracing bracing NN 32282 56 16 was be VBD 32282 56 17 concentrated concentrate VBN 32282 56 18 in in IN 32282 56 19 the the DT 32282 56 20 four four CD 32282 56 21 corner corner NN 32282 56 22 columns column NNS 32282 56 23 of of IN 32282 56 24 the the DT 32282 56 25 Tower Tower NNP 32282 56 26 , , , 32282 56 27 and and CC 32282 56 28 these these DT 32282 56 29 verticals vertical NNS 32282 56 30 were be VBD 32282 56 31 connected connect VBN 32282 56 32 only only RB 32282 56 33 at at IN 32282 56 34 two two CD 32282 56 35 widely widely RB 32282 56 36 separated separate VBN 32282 56 37 points point NNS 32282 56 38 by by IN 32282 56 39 the the DT 32282 56 40 deep deep JJ 32282 56 41 bands band NNS 32282 56 42 of of IN 32282 56 43 trussing trussing NN 32282 56 44 which which WDT 32282 56 45 formed form VBD 32282 56 46 the the DT 32282 56 47 first first JJ 32282 56 48 and and CC 32282 56 49 second second JJ 32282 56 50 platforms platform NNS 32282 56 51 . . . 32282 57 1 A a DT 32282 57 2 slight slight JJ 32282 57 3 curvature curvature JJ 32282 57 4 inward inward NN 32282 57 5 was be VBD 32282 57 6 given give VBN 32282 57 7 to to IN 32282 57 8 the the DT 32282 57 9 main main JJ 32282 57 10 piers pier NNS 32282 57 11 to to TO 32282 57 12 further further RB 32282 57 13 widen widen VB 32282 57 14 the the DT 32282 57 15 base base NN 32282 57 16 and and CC 32282 57 17 increase increase VB 32282 57 18 the the DT 32282 57 19 stability stability NN 32282 57 20 of of IN 32282 57 21 the the DT 32282 57 22 structure structure NN 32282 57 23 . . . 32282 58 1 At at IN 32282 58 2 a a DT 32282 58 3 point point NN 32282 58 4 slightly slightly RB 32282 58 5 above above IN 32282 58 6 the the DT 32282 58 7 second second JJ 32282 58 8 platform platform NN 32282 58 9 , , , 32282 58 10 the the DT 32282 58 11 four four CD 32282 58 12 members member NNS 32282 58 13 converged converge VBN 32282 58 14 to to IN 32282 58 15 the the DT 32282 58 16 extent extent NN 32282 58 17 that that IN 32282 58 18 conventional conventional JJ 32282 58 19 bracing bracing NN 32282 58 20 became become VBD 32282 58 21 more more RBR 32282 58 22 economical economical JJ 32282 58 23 , , , 32282 58 24 and and CC 32282 58 25 they -PRON- PRP 32282 58 26 were be VBD 32282 58 27 joined join VBN 32282 58 28 . . . 32282 59 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 59 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 59 3 : : : 32282 59 4 Figure figure VB 32282 59 5 4.--The 4.--the CD 32282 59 6 proposed propose VBD 32282 59 7 1,000-foot 1,000-foot CD 32282 59 8 iron iron NN 32282 59 9 tower tower NN 32282 59 10 designed design VBN 32282 59 11 by by IN 32282 59 12 Clarke Clarke NNP 32282 59 13 , , , 32282 59 14 Reeves Reeves NNP 32282 59 15 & & CC 32282 59 16 Co. Co. NNP 32282 59 17 for for IN 32282 59 18 the the DT 32282 59 19 Centennial Centennial NNP 32282 59 20 Exhibition Exhibition NNP 32282 59 21 of of IN 32282 59 22 1876 1876 CD 32282 59 23 at at IN 32282 59 24 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 32282 59 25 . . . 32282 60 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 60 2 From from IN 32282 60 3 _ _ NNP 32282 60 4 Scientific Scientific NNP 32282 60 5 American American NNP 32282 60 6 _ _ NNP 32282 60 7 , , , 32282 60 8 Jan. January NNP 32282 60 9 24 24 CD 32282 60 10 , , , 32282 60 11 1874 1874 CD 32282 60 12 , , , 32282 60 13 vol vol NNP 32282 60 14 . . . 32282 61 1 30 30 CD 32282 61 2 , , , 32282 61 3 p. p. NN 32282 62 1 47 47 CD 32282 62 2 . . . 32282 62 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 62 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 63 1 That that IN 32282 63 2 this this DT 32282 63 3 theory theory NN 32282 63 4 was be VBD 32282 63 5 successful successful JJ 32282 63 6 not not RB 32282 63 7 only only RB 32282 63 8 practically practically RB 32282 63 9 , , , 32282 63 10 but but CC 32282 63 11 visually visually RB 32282 63 12 , , , 32282 63 13 is be VBZ 32282 63 14 evident evident JJ 32282 63 15 from from IN 32282 63 16 the the DT 32282 63 17 resulting result VBG 32282 63 18 work work NN 32282 63 19 . . . 32282 64 1 The the DT 32282 64 2 curve curve NN 32282 64 3 of of IN 32282 64 4 the the DT 32282 64 5 legs leg NNS 32282 64 6 and and CC 32282 64 7 the the DT 32282 64 8 openings opening NNS 32282 64 9 beneath beneath IN 32282 64 10 the the DT 32282 64 11 two two CD 32282 64 12 lower low JJR 32282 64 13 platforms platform NNS 32282 64 14 are be VBP 32282 64 15 primarily primarily RB 32282 64 16 responsible responsible JJ 32282 64 17 for for IN 32282 64 18 the the DT 32282 64 19 Tower Tower NNP 32282 64 20 's 's POS 32282 64 21 graceful graceful JJ 32282 64 22 beauty beauty NN 32282 64 23 as as RB 32282 64 24 well well RB 32282 64 25 as as IN 32282 64 26 for for IN 32282 64 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 64 28 structural structural JJ 32282 64 29 soundness soundness NN 32282 64 30 . . . 32282 65 1 The the DT 32282 65 2 design design NN 32282 65 3 of of IN 32282 65 4 the the DT 32282 65 5 Tower Tower NNP 32282 65 6 was be VBD 32282 65 7 not not RB 32282 65 8 actually actually RB 32282 65 9 the the DT 32282 65 10 work work NN 32282 65 11 of of IN 32282 65 12 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 65 13 himself -PRON- PRP 32282 65 14 but but CC 32282 65 15 of of IN 32282 65 16 two two CD 32282 65 17 of of IN 32282 65 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 65 19 chief chief JJ 32282 65 20 engineers engineer NNS 32282 65 21 , , , 32282 65 22 Emile Emile NNP 32282 65 23 Nouguier Nouguier NNP 32282 65 24 ( ( -LRB- 32282 65 25 1840- 1840- CD 32282 65 26 ? ? . 32282 65 27 ) ) -RRB- 32282 66 1 and and CC 32282 66 2 Maurice Maurice NNP 32282 66 3 Koechlin Koechlin NNP 32282 66 4 ( ( -LRB- 32282 66 5 1856 1856 CD 32282 66 6 - - SYM 32282 66 7 1946)--the 1946)--the CD 32282 66 8 men man NNS 32282 66 9 who who WP 32282 66 10 had have VBD 32282 66 11 conducted conduct VBN 32282 66 12 the the DT 32282 66 13 high high JJ 32282 66 14 pier pier NN 32282 66 15 studies study NNS 32282 66 16 -- -- : 32282 66 17 and and CC 32282 66 18 the the DT 32282 66 19 architect architect NN 32282 66 20 Stéphen Stéphen NNP 32282 66 21 Sauvestre Sauvestre NNP 32282 66 22 ( ( -LRB- 32282 66 23 1847- 1847- CD 32282 66 24 ? ? . 32282 66 25 ) ) -RRB- 32282 66 26 . . . 32282 67 1 In in IN 32282 67 2 the the DT 32282 67 3 planning planning NN 32282 67 4 of of IN 32282 67 5 the the DT 32282 67 6 foundations foundation NNS 32282 67 7 , , , 32282 67 8 extreme extreme JJ 32282 67 9 care care NN 32282 67 10 was be VBD 32282 67 11 used use VBN 32282 67 12 to to TO 32282 67 13 ensure ensure VB 32282 67 14 adequate adequate JJ 32282 67 15 footing footing NN 32282 67 16 , , , 32282 67 17 but but CC 32282 67 18 in in IN 32282 67 19 spite spite NN 32282 67 20 of of IN 32282 67 21 the the DT 32282 67 22 Tower Tower NNP 32282 67 23 's 's POS 32282 67 24 light light JJ 32282 67 25 weight weight NN 32282 67 26 in in IN 32282 67 27 proportion proportion NN 32282 67 28 to to IN 32282 67 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 67 30 bulk bulk NN 32282 67 31 , , , 32282 67 32 and and CC 32282 67 33 the the DT 32282 67 34 low low JJ 32282 67 35 earth earth NN 32282 67 36 pressure pressure NN 32282 67 37 it -PRON- PRP 32282 67 38 exerted exert VBD 32282 67 39 , , , 32282 67 40 uneven uneven JJ 32282 67 41 pier pier NN 32282 67 42 settlement settlement NN 32282 67 43 with with IN 32282 67 44 resultant resultant JJ 32282 67 45 leaning leaning NN 32282 67 46 of of IN 32282 67 47 the the DT 32282 67 48 Tower Tower NNP 32282 67 49 was be VBD 32282 67 50 considered consider VBN 32282 67 51 a a DT 32282 67 52 dangerous dangerous JJ 32282 67 53 possibility possibility NN 32282 67 54 . . . 32282 68 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 68 2 2 2 LS 32282 68 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 68 4 To to TO 32282 68 5 compensate compensate VB 32282 68 6 for for IN 32282 68 7 this this DT 32282 68 8 eventuality eventuality NN 32282 68 9 , , , 32282 68 10 a a DT 32282 68 11 device device NN 32282 68 12 was be VBD 32282 68 13 used use VBN 32282 68 14 whose whose WP$ 32282 68 15 ingenious ingenious JJ 32282 68 16 directness directness NN 32282 68 17 justifies justifie NNS 32282 68 18 a a DT 32282 68 19 brief brief JJ 32282 68 20 description description NN 32282 68 21 . . . 32282 69 1 In in IN 32282 69 2 the the DT 32282 69 3 base base NN 32282 69 4 of of IN 32282 69 5 each each DT 32282 69 6 of of IN 32282 69 7 the the DT 32282 69 8 16 16 CD 32282 69 9 columns column NNS 32282 69 10 forming form VBG 32282 69 11 the the DT 32282 69 12 four four CD 32282 69 13 main main JJ 32282 69 14 legs leg NNS 32282 69 15 was be VBD 32282 69 16 incorporated incorporate VBN 32282 69 17 an an DT 32282 69 18 opening opening NN 32282 69 19 into into IN 32282 69 20 which which WDT 32282 69 21 an an DT 32282 69 22 800-ton 800-ton CD 32282 69 23 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 69 24 press press NN 32282 69 25 could could MD 32282 69 26 be be VB 32282 69 27 placed place VBN 32282 69 28 , , , 32282 69 29 capable capable JJ 32282 69 30 of of IN 32282 69 31 raising raise VBG 32282 69 32 the the DT 32282 69 33 member member NN 32282 69 34 slightly slightly RB 32282 69 35 . . . 32282 70 1 A a DT 32282 70 2 thin thin JJ 32282 70 3 steel steel NN 32282 70 4 shim shim NN 32282 70 5 could could MD 32282 70 6 then then RB 32282 70 7 be be VB 32282 70 8 inserted insert VBN 32282 70 9 to to TO 32282 70 10 make make VB 32282 70 11 the the DT 32282 70 12 necessary necessary JJ 32282 70 13 correction correction NN 32282 70 14 ( ( -LRB- 32282 70 15 fig fig NN 32282 70 16 . . . 32282 71 1 5 5 LS 32282 71 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 71 3 . . . 32282 72 1 The the DT 32282 72 2 system system NN 32282 72 3 was be VBD 32282 72 4 used use VBN 32282 72 5 only only RB 32282 72 6 during during IN 32282 72 7 construction construction NN 32282 72 8 to to TO 32282 72 9 overcome overcome VB 32282 72 10 minor minor JJ 32282 72 11 erection erection NN 32282 72 12 discrepancies discrepancy NNS 32282 72 13 . . . 32282 73 1 In in IN 32282 73 2 order order NN 32282 73 3 to to TO 32282 73 4 appreciate appreciate VB 32282 73 5 fully fully RB 32282 73 6 the the DT 32282 73 7 problem problem NN 32282 73 8 which which WDT 32282 73 9 confronted confront VBD 32282 73 10 the the DT 32282 73 11 Tower Tower NNP 32282 73 12 's 's POS 32282 73 13 designers designer NNS 32282 73 14 and and CC 32282 73 15 sponsors sponsor NNS 32282 73 16 when when WRB 32282 73 17 they -PRON- PRP 32282 73 18 turned turn VBD 32282 73 19 to to IN 32282 73 20 the the DT 32282 73 21 problem problem NN 32282 73 22 of of IN 32282 73 23 making make VBG 32282 73 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 73 25 observation observation NN 32282 73 26 areas area NNS 32282 73 27 accessible accessible JJ 32282 73 28 to to IN 32282 73 29 the the DT 32282 73 30 fair fair NN 32282 73 31 's 's POS 32282 73 32 visitors visitor NNS 32282 73 33 , , , 32282 73 34 it -PRON- PRP 32282 73 35 is be VBZ 32282 73 36 first first RB 32282 73 37 necessary necessary JJ 32282 73 38 to to TO 32282 73 39 investigate investigate VB 32282 73 40 briefly briefly RB 32282 73 41 the the DT 32282 73 42 contemporary contemporary JJ 32282 73 43 state state NN 32282 73 44 of of IN 32282 73 45 elevator elevator NN 32282 73 46 art art NN 32282 73 47 . . . 32282 74 1 Elevator Elevator NNP 32282 74 2 Development Development NNP 32282 74 3 before before IN 32282 74 4 the the DT 32282 74 5 Tower Tower NNP 32282 74 6 While while IN 32282 74 7 power power NN 32282 74 8 - - HYPH 32282 74 9 driven drive VBN 32282 74 10 hoists hoist NNS 32282 74 11 and and CC 32282 74 12 elevators elevator NNS 32282 74 13 in in IN 32282 74 14 many many JJ 32282 74 15 forms form NNS 32282 74 16 had have VBD 32282 74 17 been be VBN 32282 74 18 used use VBN 32282 74 19 since since IN 32282 74 20 the the DT 32282 74 21 early early JJ 32282 74 22 years year NNS 32282 74 23 of of IN 32282 74 24 the the DT 32282 74 25 19th 19th JJ 32282 74 26 century century NN 32282 74 27 , , , 32282 74 28 the the DT 32282 74 29 ever ever RB 32282 74 30 - - HYPH 32282 74 31 present present JJ 32282 74 32 possibility possibility NN 32282 74 33 of of IN 32282 74 34 breakage breakage NN 32282 74 35 of of IN 32282 74 36 the the DT 32282 74 37 hoisting hoist VBG 32282 74 38 rope rope NN 32282 74 39 restricted restrict VBD 32282 74 40 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 74 41 use use NN 32282 74 42 almost almost RB 32282 74 43 entirely entirely RB 32282 74 44 to to IN 32282 74 45 the the DT 32282 74 46 handling handling NN 32282 74 47 of of IN 32282 74 48 goods good NNS 32282 74 49 in in IN 32282 74 50 mills mill NNS 32282 74 51 and and CC 32282 74 52 warehouses warehouse NNS 32282 74 53 . . . 32282 75 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 75 2 3 3 LS 32282 75 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 75 4 Not not RB 32282 75 5 until until IN 32282 75 6 the the DT 32282 75 7 invention invention NN 32282 75 8 of of IN 32282 75 9 a a DT 32282 75 10 device device NN 32282 75 11 which which WDT 32282 75 12 would would MD 32282 75 13 positively positively RB 32282 75 14 prevent prevent VB 32282 75 15 this this DT 32282 75 16 was be VBD 32282 75 17 there there RB 32282 75 18 much much JJ 32282 75 19 basis basis NN 32282 75 20 for for IN 32282 75 21 work work NN 32282 75 22 on on IN 32282 75 23 other other JJ 32282 75 24 elements element NNS 32282 75 25 of of IN 32282 75 26 the the DT 32282 75 27 system system NN 32282 75 28 . . . 32282 76 1 The the DT 32282 76 2 first first JJ 32282 76 3 workable workable JJ 32282 76 4 mechanism mechanism NN 32282 76 5 to to TO 32282 76 6 prevent prevent VB 32282 76 7 the the DT 32282 76 8 car car NN 32282 76 9 from from IN 32282 76 10 dropping drop VBG 32282 76 11 to to IN 32282 76 12 the the DT 32282 76 13 bottom bottom NN 32282 76 14 of of IN 32282 76 15 the the DT 32282 76 16 hoistway hoistway NN 32282 76 17 in in IN 32282 76 18 event event NN 32282 76 19 of of IN 32282 76 20 rope rope NN 32282 76 21 failure failure NN 32282 76 22 was be VBD 32282 76 23 the the DT 32282 76 24 product product NN 32282 76 25 of of IN 32282 76 26 Elisha Elisha NNP 32282 76 27 G. G. NNP 32282 76 28 Otis Otis NNP 32282 76 29 ( ( -LRB- 32282 76 30 1811 1811 CD 32282 76 31 - - SYM 32282 76 32 1861 1861 CD 32282 76 33 ) ) -RRB- 32282 76 34 , , , 32282 76 35 a a DT 32282 76 36 mechanic mechanic NN 32282 76 37 of of IN 32282 76 38 Yonkers Yonkers NNPS 32282 76 39 , , , 32282 76 40 New New NNP 32282 76 41 York York NNP 32282 76 42 . . . 32282 77 1 The the DT 32282 77 2 invention invention NN 32282 77 3 was be VBD 32282 77 4 made make VBN 32282 77 5 more more RBR 32282 77 6 or or CC 32282 77 7 less less JJR 32282 77 8 as as IN 32282 77 9 a a DT 32282 77 10 matter matter NN 32282 77 11 of of IN 32282 77 12 course course NN 32282 77 13 along along RB 32282 77 14 with with IN 32282 77 15 the the DT 32282 77 16 other other JJ 32282 77 17 machinery machinery NN 32282 77 18 for for IN 32282 77 19 a a DT 32282 77 20 new new JJ 32282 77 21 mattress mattress NN 32282 77 22 factory factory NN 32282 77 23 of of IN 32282 77 24 which which WDT 32282 77 25 Otis Otis NNP 32282 77 26 was be VBD 32282 77 27 master master NN 32282 77 28 mechanic mechanic JJ 32282 77 29 . . . 32282 78 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 78 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 78 3 : : : 32282 78 4 Figure figure NN 32282 78 5 5.--Correcting 5.--correcting JJ 32282 78 6 erection erection NN 32282 78 7 discrepancies discrepancy NNS 32282 78 8 by by IN 32282 78 9 raising raise VBG 32282 78 10 pier pier NN 32282 78 11 member member NN 32282 78 12 -- -- : 32282 78 13 with with IN 32282 78 14 hydraulic hydraulic NNP 32282 78 15 press press NNP 32282 78 16 and and CC 32282 78 17 hand hand NN 32282 78 18 pump pump NN 32282 78 19 -- -- : 32282 78 20 and and CC 32282 78 21 inserting insert VBG 32282 78 22 shims shim NNS 32282 78 23 . . . 32282 79 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 79 2 From from IN 32282 79 3 _ _ NNP 32282 79 4 La La NNP 32282 79 5 Nature Nature NNP 32282 79 6 _ _ NNP 32282 79 7 , , , 32282 79 8 Feb. February NNP 32282 79 9 18 18 CD 32282 79 10 , , , 32282 79 11 1888 1888 CD 32282 79 12 , , , 32282 79 13 vol vol NNP 32282 79 14 . . . 32282 80 1 16 16 CD 32282 80 2 , , , 32282 80 3 p. p. NN 32282 81 1 184 184 CD 32282 81 2 . . . 32282 81 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 81 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 82 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 82 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 82 3 : : : 32282 82 4 Figure figure VB 32282 82 5 6.--The 6.--The NNP 32282 82 6 promenade promenade NN 32282 82 7 beneath beneath IN 32282 82 8 the the DT 32282 82 9 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 82 10 Tower Tower NNP 32282 82 11 , , , 32282 82 12 1889 1889 CD 32282 82 13 . . . 32282 83 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 83 2 From from IN 32282 83 3 _ _ NNP 32282 83 4 La La NNP 32282 83 5 Nature Nature NNP 32282 83 6 _ _ NNP 32282 83 7 , , , 32282 83 8 Nov. November NNP 32282 83 9 30 30 CD 32282 83 10 , , , 32282 83 11 1889 1889 CD 32282 83 12 , , , 32282 83 13 vol vol NNP 32282 83 14 . . . 32282 84 1 17 17 CD 32282 84 2 , , , 32282 84 3 p. p. NN 32282 85 1 425 425 CD 32282 85 2 . . . 32282 85 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 85 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 86 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 86 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 86 3 : : : 32282 86 4 Figure figure NN 32282 86 5 7.--Teagle 7.--teagle CD 32282 86 6 elevator elevator NN 32282 86 7 in in IN 32282 86 8 an an DT 32282 86 9 English english JJ 32282 86 10 mill mill NN 32282 86 11 about about IN 32282 86 12 1845 1845 CD 32282 86 13 . . . 32282 87 1 Power power NN 32282 87 2 was be VBD 32282 87 3 taken take VBN 32282 87 4 from from IN 32282 87 5 the the DT 32282 87 6 line line NN 32282 87 7 shafting shafting NN 32282 87 8 . . . 32282 88 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 88 2 From from IN 32282 88 3 _ _ NNP 32282 88 4 Pictorial Pictorial NNP 32282 88 5 Gallery Gallery NNP 32282 88 6 of of IN 32282 88 7 Arts Arts NNP 32282 88 8 _ _ NNP 32282 88 9 , , , 32282 88 10 Volume Volume NNP 32282 88 11 of of IN 32282 88 12 Useful Useful NNP 32282 88 13 Arts Arts NNPS 32282 88 14 , , , 32282 88 15 London London NNP 32282 88 16 , , , 32282 88 17 n.d n.d NNP 32282 88 18 . . . 32282 88 19 [ [ -LRB- 32282 88 20 ca ca NN 32282 88 21 . . . 32282 89 1 1845 1845 CD 32282 89 2 ] ] -RRB- 32282 89 3 . . . 32282 89 4 ) ) -RRB- 32282 89 5 ] ] -RRB- 32282 90 1 The the DT 32282 90 2 importance importance NN 32282 90 3 of of IN 32282 90 4 this this DT 32282 90 5 invention invention NN 32282 90 6 soon soon RB 32282 90 7 became become VBD 32282 90 8 evident evident JJ 32282 90 9 to to IN 32282 90 10 Otis Otis NNP 32282 90 11 , , , 32282 90 12 and and CC 32282 90 13 he -PRON- PRP 32282 90 14 introduced introduce VBD 32282 90 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 90 16 device device NN 32282 90 17 to to IN 32282 90 18 the the DT 32282 90 19 public public JJ 32282 90 20 three three CD 32282 90 21 years year NNS 32282 90 22 later later RB 32282 90 23 during during IN 32282 90 24 the the DT 32282 90 25 second second JJ 32282 90 26 season season NN 32282 90 27 of of IN 32282 90 28 the the DT 32282 90 29 New New NNP 32282 90 30 York York NNP 32282 90 31 Crystal Crystal NNP 32282 90 32 Palace Palace NNP 32282 90 33 Exhibition Exhibition NNP 32282 90 34 , , , 32282 90 35 in in IN 32282 90 36 1854 1854 CD 32282 90 37 . . . 32282 91 1 Here here RB 32282 91 2 he -PRON- PRP 32282 91 3 would would MD 32282 91 4 demonstrate demonstrate VB 32282 91 5 dramatically dramatically RB 32282 91 6 the the DT 32282 91 7 perfect perfect JJ 32282 91 8 safety safety NN 32282 91 9 of of IN 32282 91 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 91 11 elevator elevator NN 32282 91 12 by by IN 32282 91 13 cutting cut VBG 32282 91 14 the the DT 32282 91 15 hoisting hoist VBG 32282 91 16 rope rope NN 32282 91 17 of of IN 32282 91 18 a a DT 32282 91 19 suspended suspend VBN 32282 91 20 platform platform NN 32282 91 21 on on IN 32282 91 22 which which WDT 32282 91 23 he -PRON- PRP 32282 91 24 himself -PRON- PRP 32282 91 25 stood stand VBD 32282 91 26 , , , 32282 91 27 uttering utter VBG 32282 91 28 the the DT 32282 91 29 immortal immortal JJ 32282 91 30 words word NNS 32282 91 31 which which WDT 32282 91 32 have have VBP 32282 91 33 come come VBN 32282 91 34 to to TO 32282 91 35 be be VB 32282 91 36 inseparably inseparably RB 32282 91 37 associated associate VBN 32282 91 38 with with IN 32282 91 39 the the DT 32282 91 40 history history NN 32282 91 41 of of IN 32282 91 42 the the DT 32282 91 43 elevator--"All elevator--"All NNP 32282 91 44 safe safe JJ 32282 91 45 , , , 32282 91 46 gentlemen gentleman NNS 32282 91 47 ! ! . 32282 92 1 " " `` 32282 92 2 [ [ -LRB- 32282 92 3 4 4 LS 32282 92 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 92 5 The the DT 32282 92 6 invention invention NN 32282 92 7 achieved achieve VBD 32282 92 8 popularity popularity NN 32282 92 9 slowly slowly RB 32282 92 10 , , , 32282 92 11 but but CC 32282 92 12 did do VBD 32282 92 13 find find VB 32282 92 14 increasing increase VBG 32282 92 15 favor favor NN 32282 92 16 in in IN 32282 92 17 manufactories manufactory NNS 32282 92 18 throughout throughout IN 32282 92 19 the the DT 32282 92 20 eastern eastern JJ 32282 92 21 United United NNP 32282 92 22 States States NNP 32282 92 23 . . . 32282 93 1 The the DT 32282 93 2 significance significance NN 32282 93 3 of of IN 32282 93 4 Otis Otis NNP 32282 93 5 ' ' POS 32282 93 6 early early JJ 32282 93 7 work work NN 32282 93 8 in in IN 32282 93 9 this this DT 32282 93 10 field field NN 32282 93 11 lay lie VBD 32282 93 12 strictly strictly RB 32282 93 13 in in IN 32282 93 14 the the DT 32282 93 15 safety safety NN 32282 93 16 features feature NNS 32282 93 17 of of IN 32282 93 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 93 19 elevators elevator NNS 32282 93 20 rather rather RB 32282 93 21 than than IN 32282 93 22 in in IN 32282 93 23 the the DT 32282 93 24 hoisting hoisting NN 32282 93 25 equipment equipment NN 32282 93 26 . . . 32282 94 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 32282 94 2 earliest early JJS 32282 94 3 systems system NNS 32282 94 4 were be VBD 32282 94 5 operated operate VBN 32282 94 6 by by IN 32282 94 7 machinery machinery NN 32282 94 8 similar similar JJ 32282 94 9 to to IN 32282 94 10 that that DT 32282 94 11 of of IN 32282 94 12 the the DT 32282 94 13 teagle teagle JJ 32282 94 14 elevator elevator NN 32282 94 15 in in IN 32282 94 16 which which WDT 32282 94 17 the the DT 32282 94 18 hoisting hoisting NN 32282 94 19 drum drum NN 32282 94 20 was be VBD 32282 94 21 driven drive VBN 32282 94 22 from from IN 32282 94 23 the the DT 32282 94 24 mill mill NN 32282 94 25 shafting shaft VBG 32282 94 26 by by IN 32282 94 27 simple simple JJ 32282 94 28 fast fast RB 32282 94 29 and and CC 32282 94 30 loose loose JJ 32282 94 31 pulleys pulley NNS 32282 94 32 with with IN 32282 94 33 crossed crossed JJ 32282 94 34 and and CC 32282 94 35 straight straight JJ 32282 94 36 belts belt NNS 32282 94 37 to to TO 32282 94 38 raise raise VB 32282 94 39 , , , 32282 94 40 lower low JJR 32282 94 41 , , , 32282 94 42 and and CC 32282 94 43 stop stop VB 32282 94 44 . . . 32282 95 1 This this DT 32282 95 2 scheme scheme NN 32282 95 3 , , , 32282 95 4 already already RB 32282 95 5 common common JJ 32282 95 6 at at IN 32282 95 7 the the DT 32282 95 8 time time NN 32282 95 9 , , , 32282 95 10 was be VBD 32282 95 11 itself -PRON- PRP 32282 95 12 a a DT 32282 95 13 direct direct JJ 32282 95 14 improvement improvement NN 32282 95 15 on on IN 32282 95 16 the the DT 32282 95 17 ancient ancient JJ 32282 95 18 hand hand NN 32282 95 19 - - HYPH 32282 95 20 powered power VBN 32282 95 21 drum drum NN 32282 95 22 hoist hoist NN 32282 95 23 . . . 32282 96 1 The the DT 32282 96 2 first first JJ 32282 96 3 complete complete JJ 32282 96 4 elevator elevator NN 32282 96 5 machine machine NN 32282 96 6 in in IN 32282 96 7 the the DT 32282 96 8 United United NNP 32282 96 9 States States NNP 32282 96 10 , , , 32282 96 11 constructed construct VBN 32282 96 12 in in IN 32282 96 13 1855 1855 CD 32282 96 14 , , , 32282 96 15 was be VBD 32282 96 16 a a DT 32282 96 17 complex complex JJ 32282 96 18 and and CC 32282 96 19 inefficient inefficient JJ 32282 96 20 contrivance contrivance NN 32282 96 21 built build VBN 32282 96 22 around around IN 32282 96 23 an an DT 32282 96 24 oscillating oscillating NN 32282 96 25 - - HYPH 32282 96 26 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 96 27 steam steam NN 32282 96 28 engine engine NN 32282 96 29 . . . 32282 97 1 The the DT 32282 97 2 advantages advantage NNS 32282 97 3 of of IN 32282 97 4 an an DT 32282 97 5 elevator elevator NN 32282 97 6 system system NN 32282 97 7 independent independent JJ 32282 97 8 of of IN 32282 97 9 the the DT 32282 97 10 mill mill NN 32282 97 11 drive drive NN 32282 97 12 quickly quickly RB 32282 97 13 became become VBD 32282 97 14 apparent apparent JJ 32282 97 15 , , , 32282 97 16 and and CC 32282 97 17 by by IN 32282 97 18 1860 1860 CD 32282 97 19 improved improved JJ 32282 97 20 steam steam NN 32282 97 21 elevator elevator NN 32282 97 22 machines machine NNS 32282 97 23 were be VBD 32282 97 24 being be VBG 32282 97 25 produced produce VBN 32282 97 26 in in IN 32282 97 27 some some DT 32282 97 28 quantity quantity NN 32282 97 29 , , , 32282 97 30 but but CC 32282 97 31 almost almost RB 32282 97 32 exclusively exclusively RB 32282 97 33 for for IN 32282 97 34 freight freight NN 32282 97 35 service service NN 32282 97 36 . . . 32282 98 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 98 2 is be VBZ 32282 98 3 not not RB 32282 98 4 clear clear JJ 32282 98 5 when when WRB 32282 98 6 the the DT 32282 98 7 first first JJ 32282 98 8 elevator elevator NN 32282 98 9 was be VBD 32282 98 10 installed instal VBN 32282 98 11 explicitly explicitly RB 32282 98 12 for for IN 32282 98 13 passenger passenger NN 32282 98 14 service service NN 32282 98 15 , , , 32282 98 16 but but CC 32282 98 17 it -PRON- PRP 32282 98 18 was be VBD 32282 98 19 probably probably RB 32282 98 20 in in IN 32282 98 21 1857 1857 CD 32282 98 22 , , , 32282 98 23 when when WRB 32282 98 24 Otis Otis NNP 32282 98 25 placed place VBD 32282 98 26 one one CD 32282 98 27 in in IN 32282 98 28 a a DT 32282 98 29 store store NN 32282 98 30 on on IN 32282 98 31 Broadway Broadway NNP 32282 98 32 at at IN 32282 98 33 Broome Broome NNP 32282 98 34 Street Street NNP 32282 98 35 in in IN 32282 98 36 New New NNP 32282 98 37 York York NNP 32282 98 38 . . . 32282 99 1 In in IN 32282 99 2 the the DT 32282 99 3 decade decade NN 32282 99 4 following follow VBG 32282 99 5 the the DT 32282 99 6 Civil Civil NNP 32282 99 7 War War NNP 32282 99 8 , , , 32282 99 9 tall tall JJ 32282 99 10 buildings building NNS 32282 99 11 had have VBD 32282 99 12 just just RB 32282 99 13 begun begin VBN 32282 99 14 to to TO 32282 99 15 emerge emerge VB 32282 99 16 ; ; : 32282 99 17 and and CC 32282 99 18 , , , 32282 99 19 although although IN 32282 99 20 the the DT 32282 99 21 skylines skyline NNS 32282 99 22 of of IN 32282 99 23 the the DT 32282 99 24 world world NN 32282 99 25 's 's POS 32282 99 26 great great JJ 32282 99 27 cities city NNS 32282 99 28 were be VBD 32282 99 29 still still RB 32282 99 30 dominated dominate VBN 32282 99 31 by by IN 32282 99 32 church church NN 32282 99 33 spires spire NNS 32282 99 34 , , , 32282 99 35 there there EX 32282 99 36 was be VBD 32282 99 37 increasing increase VBG 32282 99 38 activity activity NN 32282 99 39 in in IN 32282 99 40 the the DT 32282 99 41 development development NN 32282 99 42 of of IN 32282 99 43 elevator elevator NN 32282 99 44 apparatus apparatus NNP 32282 99 45 adapted adapt VBN 32282 99 46 to to IN 32282 99 47 the the DT 32282 99 48 transportation transportation NN 32282 99 49 of of IN 32282 99 50 people people NNS 32282 99 51 as as RB 32282 99 52 well well RB 32282 99 53 as as IN 32282 99 54 of of IN 32282 99 55 merchandise merchandise NN 32282 99 56 . . . 32282 100 1 Operators operator NNS 32282 100 2 of of IN 32282 100 3 hotels hotel NNS 32282 100 4 and and CC 32282 100 5 stores store NNS 32282 100 6 gradually gradually RB 32282 100 7 became become VBD 32282 100 8 aware aware JJ 32282 100 9 of of IN 32282 100 10 the the DT 32282 100 11 commercial commercial JJ 32282 100 12 advantages advantage NNS 32282 100 13 to to TO 32282 100 14 be be VB 32282 100 15 gained gain VBN 32282 100 16 by by IN 32282 100 17 elevating elevate VBG 32282 100 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 100 19 patrons patron NNS 32282 100 20 even even RB 32282 100 21 one one CD 32282 100 22 or or CC 32282 100 23 two two CD 32282 100 24 floors floor NNS 32282 100 25 above above IN 32282 100 26 the the DT 32282 100 27 ground ground NN 32282 100 28 , , , 32282 100 29 by by IN 32282 100 30 machinery machinery NN 32282 100 31 . . . 32282 101 1 The the DT 32282 101 2 steam steam NN 32282 101 3 engine engine NN 32282 101 4 formed form VBD 32282 101 5 the the DT 32282 101 6 foundation foundation NN 32282 101 7 of of IN 32282 101 8 the the DT 32282 101 9 early early JJ 32282 101 10 elevator elevator NN 32282 101 11 industry industry NN 32282 101 12 , , , 32282 101 13 but but CC 32282 101 14 as as IN 32282 101 15 building building NN 32282 101 16 heights height NNS 32282 101 17 increased increase VBD 32282 101 18 it -PRON- PRP 32282 101 19 was be VBD 32282 101 20 gradually gradually RB 32282 101 21 replaced replace VBN 32282 101 22 by by IN 32282 101 23 hydraulic hydraulic NNP 32282 101 24 , , , 32282 101 25 and and CC 32282 101 26 ultimately ultimately RB 32282 101 27 by by IN 32282 101 28 electrical electrical JJ 32282 101 29 , , , 32282 101 30 systems system NNS 32282 101 31 . . . 32282 102 1 THE the DT 32282 102 2 STEAM STEAM NNP 32282 102 3 ELEVATOR ELEVATOR VBD 32282 102 4 The the DT 32282 102 5 progression progression NN 32282 102 6 from from IN 32282 102 7 an an DT 32282 102 8 elevator elevator NN 32282 102 9 machine machine NN 32282 102 10 powered power VBN 32282 102 11 by by IN 32282 102 12 the the DT 32282 102 13 line line NN 32282 102 14 shafting shafting NN 32282 102 15 of of IN 32282 102 16 a a DT 32282 102 17 mill mill NN 32282 102 18 to to IN 32282 102 19 one one CD 32282 102 20 in in IN 32282 102 21 which which WDT 32282 102 22 the the DT 32282 102 23 power power NN 32282 102 24 source source NN 32282 102 25 was be VBD 32282 102 26 independent independent JJ 32282 102 27 would would MD 32282 102 28 appear appear VB 32282 102 29 a a DT 32282 102 30 simple simple JJ 32282 102 31 and and CC 32282 102 32 direct direct JJ 32282 102 33 one one CD 32282 102 34 . . . 32282 103 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 32282 103 2 , , , 32282 103 3 it -PRON- PRP 32282 103 4 was be VBD 32282 103 5 about about RB 32282 103 6 40 40 CD 32282 103 7 years year NNS 32282 103 8 after after IN 32282 103 9 the the DT 32282 103 10 introduction introduction NN 32282 103 11 of of IN 32282 103 12 the the DT 32282 103 13 powered power VBN 32282 103 14 elevator elevator NN 32282 103 15 before before IN 32282 103 16 it -PRON- PRP 32282 103 17 became become VBD 32282 103 18 common common JJ 32282 103 19 to to IN 32282 103 20 couple couple NN 32282 103 21 elevator elevator NN 32282 103 22 machines machine NNS 32282 103 23 directly directly RB 32282 103 24 to to IN 32282 103 25 separate separate JJ 32282 103 26 engines engine NNS 32282 103 27 . . . 32282 104 1 The the DT 32282 104 2 multiple multiple JJ 32282 104 3 belt belt NN 32282 104 4 and and CC 32282 104 5 pulley pulley NN 32282 104 6 transmission transmission NN 32282 104 7 system system NN 32282 104 8 was be VBD 32282 104 9 at at IN 32282 104 10 first first RB 32282 104 11 retained retain VBN 32282 104 12 , , , 32282 104 13 but but CC 32282 104 14 it -PRON- PRP 32282 104 15 soon soon RB 32282 104 16 became become VBD 32282 104 17 evident evident JJ 32282 104 18 that that IN 32282 104 19 a a DT 32282 104 20 more more RBR 32282 104 21 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 32282 104 22 service service NN 32282 104 23 resulted result VBD 32282 104 24 from from IN 32282 104 25 stopping stop VBG 32282 104 26 and and CC 32282 104 27 reversing reverse VBG 32282 104 28 the the DT 32282 104 29 engine engine NN 32282 104 30 itself -PRON- PRP 32282 104 31 , , , 32282 104 32 using use VBG 32282 104 33 a a DT 32282 104 34 single single JJ 32282 104 35 fixed fix VBN 32282 104 36 belt belt NN 32282 104 37 to to TO 32282 104 38 connect connect VB 32282 104 39 the the DT 32282 104 40 engine engine NN 32282 104 41 and and CC 32282 104 42 winding winding NN 32282 104 43 mechanism mechanism NN 32282 104 44 . . . 32282 105 1 Interestingly interestingly RB 32282 105 2 , , , 32282 105 3 the the DT 32282 105 4 same same JJ 32282 105 5 pattern pattern NN 32282 105 6 was be VBD 32282 105 7 followed follow VBN 32282 105 8 40 40 CD 32282 105 9 years year NNS 32282 105 10 later later RB 32282 105 11 when when WRB 32282 105 12 the the DT 32282 105 13 first first JJ 32282 105 14 attempts attempt NNS 32282 105 15 were be VBD 32282 105 16 made make VBN 32282 105 17 to to TO 32282 105 18 apply apply VB 32282 105 19 the the DT 32282 105 20 electric electric JJ 32282 105 21 motor motor NN 32282 105 22 to to TO 32282 105 23 elevator elevator NN 32282 105 24 drive drive NN 32282 105 25 . . . 32282 106 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 106 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 106 3 : : : 32282 106 4 Figure figure NN 32282 106 5 8.--In 8.--in CD 32282 106 6 the the DT 32282 106 7 typical typical JJ 32282 106 8 steam steam NN 32282 106 9 elevator elevator NN 32282 106 10 machine machine NN 32282 106 11 two two CD 32282 106 12 vertical vertical JJ 32282 106 13 cylinders cylinder NNS 32282 106 14 were be VBD 32282 106 15 situated situate VBN 32282 106 16 either either CC 32282 106 17 above above IN 32282 106 18 or or CC 32282 106 19 below below IN 32282 106 20 the the DT 32282 106 21 crankshaft crankshaft NN 32282 106 22 , , , 32282 106 23 and and CC 32282 106 24 a a DT 32282 106 25 small small JJ 32282 106 26 pulley pulley NN 32282 106 27 was be VBD 32282 106 28 keyed key VBN 32282 106 29 to to IN 32282 106 30 the the DT 32282 106 31 crankshaft crankshaft NN 32282 106 32 . . . 32282 107 1 In in IN 32282 107 2 a a DT 32282 107 3 light light JJ 32282 107 4 - - HYPH 32282 107 5 duty duty NN 32282 107 6 machine machine NN 32282 107 7 , , , 32282 107 8 the the DT 32282 107 9 power power NN 32282 107 10 was be VBD 32282 107 11 transmitted transmit VBN 32282 107 12 by by IN 32282 107 13 flatbelt flatbelt NNS 32282 107 14 from from IN 32282 107 15 the the DT 32282 107 16 small small JJ 32282 107 17 pulley pulley NN 32282 107 18 to to IN 32282 107 19 a a DT 32282 107 20 larger large JJR 32282 107 21 one one NN 32282 107 22 mounted mount VBN 32282 107 23 directly directly RB 32282 107 24 on on IN 32282 107 25 the the DT 32282 107 26 drum drum NN 32282 107 27 . . . 32282 108 1 In in IN 32282 108 2 heavy heavy JJ 32282 108 3 - - HYPH 32282 108 4 duty duty NN 32282 108 5 machines machine NNS 32282 108 6 , , , 32282 108 7 spur spur VBP 32282 108 8 gearing gearing NN 32282 108 9 was be VBD 32282 108 10 interposed interpose VBN 32282 108 11 between between IN 32282 108 12 the the DT 32282 108 13 large large JJ 32282 108 14 secondary secondary JJ 32282 108 15 pulley pulley NN 32282 108 16 and and CC 32282 108 17 the the DT 32282 108 18 winding winding NN 32282 108 19 drum drum NN 32282 108 20 . . . 32282 109 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 109 2 Photo photo NN 32282 109 3 courtesy courtesy NN 32282 109 4 of of IN 32282 109 5 Otis Otis NNP 32282 109 6 Elevator Elevator NNP 32282 109 7 Company Company NNP 32282 109 8 . . . 32282 109 9 ) ) -RRB- 32282 109 10 ] ] -RRB- 32282 110 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 110 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 110 3 : : : 32282 110 4 Figure Figure NNP 32282 110 5 9.--Several 9.--Several NNP 32282 110 6 manufacturers manufacturer NNS 32282 110 7 built build VBD 32282 110 8 steam steam NN 32282 110 9 machines machine NNS 32282 110 10 in in IN 32282 110 11 which which WDT 32282 110 12 a a DT 32282 110 13 gear gear NN 32282 110 14 on on IN 32282 110 15 the the DT 32282 110 16 drum drum NN 32282 110 17 shaft shaft NN 32282 110 18 meshed mesh VBN 32282 110 19 directly directly RB 32282 110 20 with with IN 32282 110 21 a a DT 32282 110 22 worm worm NN 32282 110 23 on on IN 32282 110 24 the the DT 32282 110 25 crankshaft crankshaft NN 32282 110 26 . . . 32282 111 1 This this DT 32282 111 2 arrangement arrangement NN 32282 111 3 eliminated eliminate VBD 32282 111 4 the the DT 32282 111 5 belt belt NN 32282 111 6 , , , 32282 111 7 and and CC 32282 111 8 , , , 32282 111 9 since since IN 32282 111 10 the the DT 32282 111 11 drum drum NN 32282 111 12 could could MD 32282 111 13 not not RB 32282 111 14 drive drive VB 32282 111 15 the the DT 32282 111 16 engine engine NN 32282 111 17 through through IN 32282 111 18 the the DT 32282 111 19 worm worm NN 32282 111 20 gearing gearing NN 32282 111 21 , , , 32282 111 22 no no DT 32282 111 23 brake brake NN 32282 111 24 was be VBD 32282 111 25 necessary necessary JJ 32282 111 26 for for IN 32282 111 27 holding hold VBG 32282 111 28 the the DT 32282 111 29 load load NN 32282 111 30 . . . 32282 112 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 112 2 Courtesy courtesy NN 32282 112 3 of of IN 32282 112 4 Otis Otis NNP 32282 112 5 Elevator Elevator NNP 32282 112 6 Company Company NNP 32282 112 7 . . . 32282 112 8 ) ) -RRB- 32282 112 9 ] ] -RRB- 32282 113 1 By by IN 32282 113 2 1870 1870 CD 32282 113 3 the the DT 32282 113 4 steam steam NN 32282 113 5 elevator elevator NN 32282 113 6 machine machine NN 32282 113 7 had have VBD 32282 113 8 attained attain VBN 32282 113 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 113 10 ultimate ultimate JJ 32282 113 11 form form NN 32282 113 12 , , , 32282 113 13 which which WDT 32282 113 14 , , , 32282 113 15 except except IN 32282 113 16 for for IN 32282 113 17 a a DT 32282 113 18 number number NN 32282 113 19 of of IN 32282 113 20 minor minor JJ 32282 113 21 refinements refinement NNS 32282 113 22 , , , 32282 113 23 was be VBD 32282 113 24 to to TO 32282 113 25 remain remain VB 32282 113 26 unchanged unchanged JJ 32282 113 27 until until IN 32282 113 28 the the DT 32282 113 29 type type NN 32282 113 30 became become VBD 32282 113 31 completely completely RB 32282 113 32 obsolete obsolete JJ 32282 113 33 toward toward IN 32282 113 34 the the DT 32282 113 35 end end NN 32282 113 36 of of IN 32282 113 37 the the DT 32282 113 38 century century NN 32282 113 39 . . . 32282 114 1 By by IN 32282 114 2 the the DT 32282 114 3 last last JJ 32282 114 4 quarter quarter NN 32282 114 5 of of IN 32282 114 6 the the DT 32282 114 7 century century NN 32282 114 8 , , , 32282 114 9 a a DT 32282 114 10 continuous continuous JJ 32282 114 11 series series NN 32282 114 12 of of IN 32282 114 13 improvements improvement NNS 32282 114 14 in in IN 32282 114 15 the the DT 32282 114 16 valving valving NN 32282 114 17 , , , 32282 114 18 control control NN 32282 114 19 systems system NNS 32282 114 20 , , , 32282 114 21 and and CC 32282 114 22 safety safety NN 32282 114 23 features feature NNS 32282 114 24 of of IN 32282 114 25 the the DT 32282 114 26 steam steam NN 32282 114 27 machine machine NN 32282 114 28 had have VBD 32282 114 29 made make VBN 32282 114 30 possible possible JJ 32282 114 31 an an DT 32282 114 32 elevator elevator NN 32282 114 33 able able JJ 32282 114 34 to to TO 32282 114 35 compete compete VB 32282 114 36 with with IN 32282 114 37 the the DT 32282 114 38 subsequently subsequently RB 32282 114 39 appearing appear VBG 32282 114 40 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 114 41 systems system NNS 32282 114 42 for for IN 32282 114 43 freight freight NN 32282 114 44 and and CC 32282 114 45 low low JJ 32282 114 46 - - HYPH 32282 114 47 rise rise NN 32282 114 48 passenger passenger NN 32282 114 49 service service NN 32282 114 50 insofar insofar RB 32282 114 51 as as IN 32282 114 52 smoothness smoothness JJ 32282 114 53 , , , 32282 114 54 control control NN 32282 114 55 , , , 32282 114 56 and and CC 32282 114 57 lifting lift VBG 32282 114 58 power power NN 32282 114 59 were be VBD 32282 114 60 concerned concern VBN 32282 114 61 . . . 32282 115 1 However however RB 32282 115 2 , , , 32282 115 3 steam steam NN 32282 115 4 machinery machinery NN 32282 115 5 began begin VBD 32282 115 6 to to TO 32282 115 7 fail fail VB 32282 115 8 in in IN 32282 115 9 this this DT 32282 115 10 competition competition NN 32282 115 11 as as IN 32282 115 12 the the DT 32282 115 13 increasing increase VBG 32282 115 14 height height NN 32282 115 15 of of IN 32282 115 16 buildings building NNS 32282 115 17 rapidly rapidly RB 32282 115 18 extended extend VBD 32282 115 19 the the DT 32282 115 20 demands demand NNS 32282 115 21 of of IN 32282 115 22 speed speed NN 32282 115 23 and and CC 32282 115 24 length length NN 32282 115 25 of of IN 32282 115 26 rise rise NN 32282 115 27 . . . 32282 116 1 The the DT 32282 116 2 limitation limitation NN 32282 116 3 in in IN 32282 116 4 rise rise NN 32282 116 5 constituted constitute VBD 32282 116 6 the the DT 32282 116 7 most most RBS 32282 116 8 serious serious JJ 32282 116 9 shortcoming shortcoming NN 32282 116 10 of of IN 32282 116 11 the the DT 32282 116 12 steam steam NN 32282 116 13 elevator elevator NN 32282 116 14 ( ( -LRB- 32282 116 15 figs fig NNS 32282 116 16 . . . 32282 117 1 8 8 CD 32282 117 2 - - SYM 32282 117 3 10 10 CD 32282 117 4 ) ) -RRB- 32282 117 5 , , , 32282 117 6 an an DT 32282 117 7 inherent inherent JJ 32282 117 8 defect defect NN 32282 117 9 that that WDT 32282 117 10 did do VBD 32282 117 11 not not RB 32282 117 12 exist exist VB 32282 117 13 in in IN 32282 117 14 the the DT 32282 117 15 various various JJ 32282 117 16 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 117 17 systems system NNS 32282 117 18 . . . 32282 118 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 118 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 118 3 : : : 32282 118 4 Figure figure NN 32282 118 5 10.--Components 10.--components CD 32282 118 6 of of IN 32282 118 7 the the DT 32282 118 8 steam steam NN 32282 118 9 passenger passenger NN 32282 118 10 elevator elevator NN 32282 118 11 at at IN 32282 118 12 the the DT 32282 118 13 time time NN 32282 118 14 of of IN 32282 118 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 118 16 peak peak NN 32282 118 17 development development NN 32282 118 18 and and CC 32282 118 19 use use NN 32282 118 20 ( ( -LRB- 32282 118 21 1876 1876 CD 32282 118 22 ) ) -RRB- 32282 118 23 . . . 32282 119 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 119 2 From from IN 32282 119 3 _ _ NNP 32282 119 4 The the DT 32282 119 5 First first JJ 32282 119 6 One one CD 32282 119 7 Hundred hundred CD 32282 119 8 Years Years NNPS 32282 119 9 _ _ NNP 32282 119 10 , , , 32282 119 11 Otis Otis NNP 32282 119 12 Elevator Elevator NNP 32282 119 13 Company Company NNP 32282 119 14 , , , 32282 119 15 1953 1953 CD 32282 119 16 . . . 32282 119 17 ) ) -RRB- 32282 119 18 ] ] -RRB- 32282 120 1 Since since IN 32282 120 2 the the DT 32282 120 3 only only JJ 32282 120 4 practical practical JJ 32282 120 5 way way NN 32282 120 6 in in IN 32282 120 7 which which WDT 32282 120 8 the the DT 32282 120 9 power power NN 32282 120 10 of of IN 32282 120 11 a a DT 32282 120 12 steam steam NN 32282 120 13 engine engine NN 32282 120 14 could could MD 32282 120 15 be be VB 32282 120 16 applied apply VBN 32282 120 17 to to IN 32282 120 18 the the DT 32282 120 19 haulage haulage NN 32282 120 20 of of IN 32282 120 21 elevator elevator NN 32282 120 22 cables cable NNS 32282 120 23 was be VBD 32282 120 24 through through IN 32282 120 25 a a DT 32282 120 26 rotational rotational JJ 32282 120 27 system system NN 32282 120 28 , , , 32282 120 29 the the DT 32282 120 30 cables cable NNS 32282 120 31 invariably invariably RB 32282 120 32 were be VBD 32282 120 33 wound wind VBN 32282 120 34 on on IN 32282 120 35 a a DT 32282 120 36 drum drum NN 32282 120 37 . . . 32282 121 1 The the DT 32282 121 2 travel travel NN 32282 121 3 or or CC 32282 121 4 rise rise NN 32282 121 5 of of IN 32282 121 6 the the DT 32282 121 7 car car NN 32282 121 8 was be VBD 32282 121 9 therefore therefore RB 32282 121 10 limited limit VBN 32282 121 11 by by IN 32282 121 12 the the DT 32282 121 13 cable cable NN 32282 121 14 capacity capacity NN 32282 121 15 of of IN 32282 121 16 the the DT 32282 121 17 winding winding NN 32282 121 18 drum drum NN 32282 121 19 . . . 32282 122 1 As as IN 32282 122 2 building building NN 32282 122 3 heights height NNS 32282 122 4 increased increase VBD 32282 122 5 , , , 32282 122 6 drums drum NNS 32282 122 7 became become VBD 32282 122 8 necessarily necessarily RB 32282 122 9 longer long JJR 32282 122 10 and and CC 32282 122 11 larger large JJR 32282 122 12 until until IN 32282 122 13 they -PRON- PRP 32282 122 14 grew grow VBD 32282 122 15 so so RB 32282 122 16 cumbersome cumbersome JJ 32282 122 17 as as IN 32282 122 18 to to TO 32282 122 19 impose impose VB 32282 122 20 a a DT 32282 122 21 serious serious JJ 32282 122 22 limitation limitation NN 32282 122 23 upon upon IN 32282 122 24 further further RB 32282 122 25 upward upward JJ 32282 122 26 growth growth NN 32282 122 27 . . . 32282 123 1 A a DT 32282 123 2 drum drum NN 32282 123 3 machine machine NN 32282 123 4 rarely rarely RB 32282 123 5 could could MD 32282 123 6 be be VB 32282 123 7 used use VBN 32282 123 8 for for IN 32282 123 9 a a DT 32282 123 10 lift lift NN 32282 123 11 of of IN 32282 123 12 more more JJR 32282 123 13 than than IN 32282 123 14 150 150 CD 32282 123 15 feet foot NNS 32282 123 16 . . . 32282 124 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 124 2 5 5 CD 32282 124 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 124 4 Another another DT 32282 124 5 organic organic JJ 32282 124 6 difficulty difficulty NN 32282 124 7 existing exist VBG 32282 124 8 in in IN 32282 124 9 drum drum NNP 32282 124 10 machines machine NNS 32282 124 11 was be VBD 32282 124 12 the the DT 32282 124 13 dangerous dangerous JJ 32282 124 14 possibility possibility NN 32282 124 15 of of IN 32282 124 16 the the DT 32282 124 17 car car NN 32282 124 18 -- -- : 32282 124 19 or or CC 32282 124 20 the the DT 32282 124 21 counterweight counterweight JJ 32282 124 22 , , , 32282 124 23 whose whose WP$ 32282 124 24 cables cable NNS 32282 124 25 often often RB 32282 124 26 wound wind VBD 32282 124 27 on on IN 32282 124 28 the the DT 32282 124 29 drum drum NN 32282 124 30 -- -- : 32282 124 31 being be VBG 32282 124 32 drawn draw VBN 32282 124 33 past past IN 32282 124 34 the the DT 32282 124 35 normal normal JJ 32282 124 36 top top JJ 32282 124 37 limit limit NN 32282 124 38 and and CC 32282 124 39 into into IN 32282 124 40 the the DT 32282 124 41 upper upper JJ 32282 124 42 supporting support VBG 32282 124 43 works work NNS 32282 124 44 . . . 32282 125 1 Only only RB 32282 125 2 safety safety NN 32282 125 3 stops stop NNS 32282 125 4 could could MD 32282 125 5 prevent prevent VB 32282 125 6 such such PDT 32282 125 7 an an DT 32282 125 8 occurrence occurrence NN 32282 125 9 if if IN 32282 125 10 the the DT 32282 125 11 operator operator NN 32282 125 12 failed fail VBD 32282 125 13 to to TO 32282 125 14 stop stop VB 32282 125 15 the the DT 32282 125 16 car car NN 32282 125 17 at at IN 32282 125 18 the the DT 32282 125 19 top top JJ 32282 125 20 or or CC 32282 125 21 bottom bottom NN 32282 125 22 of of IN 32282 125 23 the the DT 32282 125 24 shaft shaft NN 32282 125 25 , , , 32282 125 26 and and CC 32282 125 27 even even RB 32282 125 28 these these DT 32282 125 29 were be VBD 32282 125 30 not not RB 32282 125 31 always always RB 32282 125 32 effective effective JJ 32282 125 33 . . . 32282 126 1 Hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 126 2 machines machine NNS 32282 126 3 were be VBD 32282 126 4 not not RB 32282 126 5 susceptible susceptible JJ 32282 126 6 to to IN 32282 126 7 this this DT 32282 126 8 danger danger NN 32282 126 9 , , , 32282 126 10 the the DT 32282 126 11 piston piston NN 32282 126 12 or or CC 32282 126 13 plunger plunger NN 32282 126 14 being be VBG 32282 126 15 arrested arrest VBN 32282 126 16 by by IN 32282 126 17 the the DT 32282 126 18 ends end NNS 32282 126 19 of of IN 32282 126 20 the the DT 32282 126 21 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 126 22 at at IN 32282 126 23 the the DT 32282 126 24 extremes extreme NNS 32282 126 25 of of IN 32282 126 26 travel travel NN 32282 126 27 . . . 32282 127 1 THE the DT 32282 127 2 HYDRAULIC HYDRAULIC NNP 32282 127 3 ELEVATOR ELEVATOR VBD 32282 127 4 The the DT 32282 127 5 rope rope NN 32282 127 6 - - HYPH 32282 127 7 geared gear VBN 32282 127 8 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 127 9 elevator elevator NN 32282 127 10 , , , 32282 127 11 which which WDT 32282 127 12 was be VBD 32282 127 13 eventually eventually RB 32282 127 14 to to TO 32282 127 15 become become VB 32282 127 16 known know VBN 32282 127 17 as as IN 32282 127 18 the the DT 32282 127 19 " " `` 32282 127 20 standard standard NN 32282 127 21 of of IN 32282 127 22 the the DT 32282 127 23 industry industry NN 32282 127 24 , , , 32282 127 25 " " '' 32282 127 26 is be VBZ 32282 127 27 generally generally RB 32282 127 28 thought think VBN 32282 127 29 to to TO 32282 127 30 have have VB 32282 127 31 evolved evolve VBN 32282 127 32 directly directly RB 32282 127 33 from from IN 32282 127 34 an an DT 32282 127 35 invention invention NN 32282 127 36 of of IN 32282 127 37 the the DT 32282 127 38 English english JJ 32282 127 39 engineer engineer NN 32282 127 40 Sir Sir NNP 32282 127 41 William William NNP 32282 127 42 Armstrong Armstrong NNP 32282 127 43 ( ( -LRB- 32282 127 44 1810 1810 CD 32282 127 45 - - SYM 32282 127 46 1900 1900 CD 32282 127 47 ) ) -RRB- 32282 127 48 of of IN 32282 127 49 ordnance ordnance NN 32282 127 50 fame fame NN 32282 127 51 . . . 32282 128 1 In in IN 32282 128 2 1846 1846 CD 32282 128 3 he -PRON- PRP 32282 128 4 developed develop VBD 32282 128 5 a a DT 32282 128 6 water water NN 32282 128 7 - - HYPH 32282 128 8 powered power VBN 32282 128 9 crane crane NN 32282 128 10 , , , 32282 128 11 utilizing utilize VBG 32282 128 12 the the DT 32282 128 13 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 128 14 head head NN 32282 128 15 available available JJ 32282 128 16 from from IN 32282 128 17 a a DT 32282 128 18 reservoir reservoir NN 32282 128 19 on on IN 32282 128 20 a a DT 32282 128 21 hill hill NN 32282 128 22 200 200 CD 32282 128 23 feet foot NNS 32282 128 24 above above RB 32282 128 25 . . . 32282 129 1 The the DT 32282 129 2 system system NN 32282 129 3 was be VBD 32282 129 4 not not RB 32282 129 5 basically basically RB 32282 129 6 different different JJ 32282 129 7 from from IN 32282 129 8 the the DT 32282 129 9 simple simple JJ 32282 129 10 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 129 11 press press NN 32282 129 12 so so RB 32282 129 13 well well RB 32282 129 14 known know VBN 32282 129 15 at at IN 32282 129 16 the the DT 32282 129 17 time time NN 32282 129 18 . . . 32282 130 1 Water water NN 32282 130 2 , , , 32282 130 3 admitted admit VBD 32282 130 4 to to IN 32282 130 5 a a DT 32282 130 6 horizontal horizontal JJ 32282 130 7 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 130 8 , , , 32282 130 9 displaced displace VBD 32282 130 10 a a DT 32282 130 11 piston piston NN 32282 130 12 and and CC 32282 130 13 rod rod NN 32282 130 14 to to TO 32282 130 15 which which WDT 32282 130 16 a a DT 32282 130 17 sheave sheave NN 32282 130 18 was be VBD 32282 130 19 attached attach VBN 32282 130 20 . . . 32282 131 1 Around around IN 32282 131 2 the the DT 32282 131 3 sheave sheave NN 32282 131 4 passed pass VBD 32282 131 5 a a DT 32282 131 6 loop loop NN 32282 131 7 of of IN 32282 131 8 chain chain NN 32282 131 9 , , , 32282 131 10 one one CD 32282 131 11 end end NN 32282 131 12 of of IN 32282 131 13 which which WDT 32282 131 14 was be VBD 32282 131 15 fixed fix VBN 32282 131 16 , , , 32282 131 17 the the DT 32282 131 18 other other JJ 32282 131 19 running run VBG 32282 131 20 over over IN 32282 131 21 guide guide NN 32282 131 22 sheaves sheaf NNS 32282 131 23 and and CC 32282 131 24 terminating terminate VBG 32282 131 25 at at IN 32282 131 26 the the DT 32282 131 27 crane crane NN 32282 131 28 arm arm NN 32282 131 29 with with IN 32282 131 30 a a DT 32282 131 31 lifting lift VBG 32282 131 32 hook hook NN 32282 131 33 . . . 32282 132 1 As as IN 32282 132 2 the the DT 32282 132 3 piston piston NN 32282 132 4 was be VBD 32282 132 5 pressed press VBN 32282 132 6 into into IN 32282 132 7 the the DT 32282 132 8 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 132 9 , , , 32282 132 10 the the DT 32282 132 11 free free JJ 32282 132 12 end end NN 32282 132 13 of of IN 32282 132 14 the the DT 32282 132 15 chain chain NN 32282 132 16 was be VBD 32282 132 17 drawn draw VBN 32282 132 18 up up RP 32282 132 19 at at IN 32282 132 20 triple triple PDT 32282 132 21 the the DT 32282 132 22 piston piston NN 32282 132 23 speed speed NN 32282 132 24 , , , 32282 132 25 raising raise VBG 32282 132 26 the the DT 32282 132 27 load load NN 32282 132 28 . . . 32282 133 1 The the DT 32282 133 2 effect effect NN 32282 133 3 was be VBD 32282 133 4 simply simply RB 32282 133 5 that that DT 32282 133 6 of of IN 32282 133 7 a a DT 32282 133 8 3-to-1 3-to-1 CD 32282 133 9 tackle tackle NN 32282 133 10 , , , 32282 133 11 with with IN 32282 133 12 the the DT 32282 133 13 effort effort NN 32282 133 14 and and CC 32282 133 15 load load NN 32282 133 16 elements element NNS 32282 133 17 reversed reverse VBD 32282 133 18 . . . 32282 134 1 Simple simple JJ 32282 134 2 valves valve NNS 32282 134 3 controlled control VBN 32282 134 4 admission admission NN 32282 134 5 and and CC 32282 134 6 exhaust exhaust NN 32282 134 7 of of IN 32282 134 8 the the DT 32282 134 9 water water NN 32282 134 10 . . . 32282 135 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 135 2 See see VB 32282 135 3 fig fig NN 32282 135 4 . . . 32282 136 1 11 11 CD 32282 136 2 . . . 32282 136 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 137 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 137 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 137 3 : : : 32282 137 4 Figure Figure NNP 32282 137 5 11.--Armstrong 11.--armstrong NN 32282 137 6 's 's POS 32282 137 7 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 137 8 crane crane NN 32282 137 9 . . . 32282 138 1 The the DT 32282 138 2 main main JJ 32282 138 3 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 138 4 was be VBD 32282 138 5 inclined incline VBN 32282 138 6 , , , 32282 138 7 permitting permit VBG 32282 138 8 gravity gravity NN 32282 138 9 to to TO 32282 138 10 assist assist VB 32282 138 11 in in IN 32282 138 12 overhauling overhaul VBG 32282 138 13 the the DT 32282 138 14 hook hook NN 32282 138 15 . . . 32282 139 1 The the DT 32282 139 2 small small JJ 32282 139 3 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 139 4 rotated rotate VBD 32282 139 5 the the DT 32282 139 6 crane crane NN 32282 139 7 . . . 32282 140 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 140 2 From from IN 32282 140 3 John John NNP 32282 140 4 H. H. NNP 32282 140 5 Jallings Jallings NNP 32282 140 6 , , , 32282 140 7 _ _ NNP 32282 140 8 Elevators Elevators NNPS 32282 140 9 _ _ NNP 32282 140 10 , , , 32282 140 11 Chicago Chicago NNP 32282 140 12 , , , 32282 140 13 1916 1916 CD 32282 140 14 , , , 32282 140 15 p. p. NN 32282 141 1 82 82 CD 32282 141 2 . . . 32282 141 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 141 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 142 1 The the DT 32282 142 2 success success NN 32282 142 3 of of IN 32282 142 4 this this DT 32282 142 5 system system NN 32282 142 6 initiated initiate VBD 32282 142 7 a a DT 32282 142 8 sizable sizable JJ 32282 142 9 industry industry NN 32282 142 10 in in IN 32282 142 11 England England NNP 32282 142 12 , , , 32282 142 13 and and CC 32282 142 14 the the DT 32282 142 15 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 142 16 crane crane NN 32282 142 17 , , , 32282 142 18 with with IN 32282 142 19 many many JJ 32282 142 20 modifications modification NNS 32282 142 21 , , , 32282 142 22 was be VBD 32282 142 23 in in IN 32282 142 24 common common JJ 32282 142 25 use use NN 32282 142 26 there there RB 32282 142 27 for for IN 32282 142 28 many many JJ 32282 142 29 years year NNS 32282 142 30 . . . 32282 143 1 Such such JJ 32282 143 2 cranes crane NNS 32282 143 3 were be VBD 32282 143 4 introduced introduce VBN 32282 143 5 in in IN 32282 143 6 the the DT 32282 143 7 United United NNP 32282 143 8 States States NNP 32282 143 9 in in IN 32282 143 10 about about RB 32282 143 11 1867 1867 CD 32282 143 12 but but CC 32282 143 13 never never RB 32282 143 14 became become VBD 32282 143 15 popular popular JJ 32282 143 16 ; ; : 32282 143 17 they -PRON- PRP 32282 143 18 did do VBD 32282 143 19 , , , 32282 143 20 however however RB 32282 143 21 , , , 32282 143 22 have have VBP 32282 143 23 a a DT 32282 143 24 profound profound JJ 32282 143 25 influence influence NN 32282 143 26 on on IN 32282 143 27 the the DT 32282 143 28 elevator elevator NN 32282 143 29 art art NN 32282 143 30 , , , 32282 143 31 forming form VBG 32282 143 32 the the DT 32282 143 33 basis basis NN 32282 143 34 of of IN 32282 143 35 the the DT 32282 143 36 third third JJ 32282 143 37 generic generic JJ 32282 143 38 type type NN 32282 143 39 to to TO 32282 143 40 achieve achieve VB 32282 143 41 widespread widespread JJ 32282 143 42 use use NN 32282 143 43 in in IN 32282 143 44 this this DT 32282 143 45 country country NN 32282 143 46 . . . 32282 144 1 The the DT 32282 144 2 ease ease NN 32282 144 3 of of IN 32282 144 4 translation translation NN 32282 144 5 from from IN 32282 144 6 the the DT 32282 144 7 Armstrong Armstrong NNP 32282 144 8 crane crane NN 32282 144 9 to to IN 32282 144 10 an an DT 32282 144 11 elevator elevator NN 32282 144 12 system system NN 32282 144 13 could could MD 32282 144 14 hardly hardly RB 32282 144 15 have have VB 32282 144 16 been be VBN 32282 144 17 more more RBR 32282 144 18 evident evident JJ 32282 144 19 , , , 32282 144 20 only only RB 32282 144 21 two two CD 32282 144 22 alterations alteration NNS 32282 144 23 of of IN 32282 144 24 consequence consequence NN 32282 144 25 being be VBG 32282 144 26 necessary necessary JJ 32282 144 27 in in IN 32282 144 28 the the DT 32282 144 29 passage passage NN 32282 144 30 . . . 32282 145 1 A a DT 32282 145 2 guided guide VBN 32282 145 3 platform platform NN 32282 145 4 or or CC 32282 145 5 car car NN 32282 145 6 was be VBD 32282 145 7 substituted substitute VBN 32282 145 8 for for IN 32282 145 9 the the DT 32282 145 10 hook hook NN 32282 145 11 ; ; : 32282 145 12 and and CC 32282 145 13 the the DT 32282 145 14 control control NN 32282 145 15 valves valve NNS 32282 145 16 were be VBD 32282 145 17 connected connect VBN 32282 145 18 to to IN 32282 145 19 a a DT 32282 145 20 stationary stationary JJ 32282 145 21 endless endless JJ 32282 145 22 rope rope NN 32282 145 23 that that WDT 32282 145 24 was be VBD 32282 145 25 accessible accessible JJ 32282 145 26 to to IN 32282 145 27 an an DT 32282 145 28 operator operator NN 32282 145 29 on on IN 32282 145 30 the the DT 32282 145 31 car car NN 32282 145 32 . . . 32282 146 1 The the DT 32282 146 2 rope rope NN 32282 146 3 - - HYPH 32282 146 4 geared gear VBN 32282 146 5 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 146 6 system system NN 32282 146 7 ( ( -LRB- 32282 146 8 fig fig NN 32282 146 9 . . . 32282 147 1 13 13 CD 32282 147 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 147 3 appeared appear VBD 32282 147 4 in in IN 32282 147 5 mature mature JJ 32282 147 6 form form NN 32282 147 7 in in IN 32282 147 8 about about IN 32282 147 9 1876 1876 CD 32282 147 10 . . . 32282 148 1 However however RB 32282 148 2 , , , 32282 148 3 before before IN 32282 148 4 it -PRON- PRP 32282 148 5 had have VBD 32282 148 6 become become VBN 32282 148 7 the the DT 32282 148 8 " " `` 32282 148 9 standard standard JJ 32282 148 10 elevator elevator NN 32282 148 11 " " '' 32282 148 12 through through IN 32282 148 13 a a DT 32282 148 14 process process NN 32282 148 15 of of IN 32282 148 16 refinement refinement NN 32282 148 17 , , , 32282 148 18 another another DT 32282 148 19 system system NN 32282 148 20 was be VBD 32282 148 21 introduced introduce VBN 32282 148 22 which which WDT 32282 148 23 merits merit NNS 32282 148 24 notice notice NN 32282 148 25 if if IN 32282 148 26 for for IN 32282 148 27 no no DT 32282 148 28 other other JJ 32282 148 29 reason reason NN 32282 148 30 than than IN 32282 148 31 that that IN 32282 148 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 148 33 popularity popularity NN 32282 148 34 for for IN 32282 148 35 some some DT 32282 148 36 years year NNS 32282 148 37 seems seem VBZ 32282 148 38 remarkable remarkable JJ 32282 148 39 in in IN 32282 148 40 view view NN 32282 148 41 of of IN 32282 148 42 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 148 43 preposterously preposterously RB 32282 148 44 unsafe unsafe JJ 32282 148 45 design design NN 32282 148 46 . . . 32282 149 1 Patented patent VBN 32282 149 2 by by IN 32282 149 3 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 32282 149 4 W. W. NNP 32282 149 5 Baldwin Baldwin NNP 32282 149 6 of of IN 32282 149 7 Boston Boston NNP 32282 149 8 in in IN 32282 149 9 January January NNP 32282 149 10 1870 1870 CD 32282 149 11 , , , 32282 149 12 this this DT 32282 149 13 system system NN 32282 149 14 was be VBD 32282 149 15 termed term VBN 32282 149 16 the the DT 32282 149 17 Hydro Hydro NNP 32282 149 18 - - HYPH 32282 149 19 Atmospheric Atmospheric NNP 32282 149 20 Elevator Elevator NNP 32282 149 21 , , , 32282 149 22 but but CC 32282 149 23 more more RBR 32282 149 24 commonly commonly RB 32282 149 25 known know VBN 32282 149 26 as as IN 32282 149 27 the the DT 32282 149 28 water water NN 32282 149 29 - - HYPH 32282 149 30 balance balance NN 32282 149 31 elevator elevator NN 32282 149 32 ( ( -LRB- 32282 149 33 fig fig NN 32282 149 34 . . . 32282 150 1 12 12 CD 32282 150 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 150 3 . . . 32282 151 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 151 2 employed employ VBD 32282 151 3 water water NN 32282 151 4 not not RB 32282 151 5 under under IN 32282 151 6 pressure pressure NN 32282 151 7 but but CC 32282 151 8 simply simply RB 32282 151 9 as as IN 32282 151 10 mass mass NN 32282 151 11 under under IN 32282 151 12 the the DT 32282 151 13 influence influence NN 32282 151 14 of of IN 32282 151 15 gravity gravity NN 32282 151 16 . . . 32282 152 1 The the DT 32282 152 2 elevator elevator NN 32282 152 3 car car NN 32282 152 4 's 's POS 32282 152 5 supporting support VBG 32282 152 6 cables cable NNS 32282 152 7 ran run VBD 32282 152 8 over over IN 32282 152 9 sheaves sheaf NNS 32282 152 10 at at IN 32282 152 11 the the DT 32282 152 12 top top NN 32282 152 13 of of IN 32282 152 14 the the DT 32282 152 15 shaft shaft NN 32282 152 16 to to IN 32282 152 17 a a DT 32282 152 18 large large JJ 32282 152 19 iron iron NN 32282 152 20 bucket bucket NN 32282 152 21 , , , 32282 152 22 which which WDT 32282 152 23 traveled travel VBD 32282 152 24 in in IN 32282 152 25 a a DT 32282 152 26 closed closed JJ 32282 152 27 tube tube NN 32282 152 28 or or CC 32282 152 29 well well RB 32282 152 30 adjacent adjacent JJ 32282 152 31 to to IN 32282 152 32 and and CC 32282 152 33 the the DT 32282 152 34 same same JJ 32282 152 35 length length NN 32282 152 36 as as IN 32282 152 37 the the DT 32282 152 38 shaft shaft NN 32282 152 39 . . . 32282 153 1 To to TO 32282 153 2 raise raise VB 32282 153 3 the the DT 32282 153 4 car car NN 32282 153 5 , , , 32282 153 6 the the DT 32282 153 7 operator operator NN 32282 153 8 caused cause VBD 32282 153 9 a a DT 32282 153 10 valve valve NN 32282 153 11 to to TO 32282 153 12 open open VB 32282 153 13 , , , 32282 153 14 filling fill VBG 32282 153 15 the the DT 32282 153 16 bucket bucket NN 32282 153 17 with with IN 32282 153 18 water water NN 32282 153 19 from from IN 32282 153 20 a a DT 32282 153 21 roof roof NN 32282 153 22 tank tank NN 32282 153 23 . . . 32282 154 1 When when WRB 32282 154 2 the the DT 32282 154 3 weight weight NN 32282 154 4 of of IN 32282 154 5 water water NN 32282 154 6 was be VBD 32282 154 7 sufficient sufficient JJ 32282 154 8 to to TO 32282 154 9 overbalance overbalance VB 32282 154 10 the the DT 32282 154 11 loaded loaded JJ 32282 154 12 car car NN 32282 154 13 , , , 32282 154 14 the the DT 32282 154 15 bucket bucket NN 32282 154 16 descended descend VBD 32282 154 17 , , , 32282 154 18 raising raise VBG 32282 154 19 the the DT 32282 154 20 car car NN 32282 154 21 . . . 32282 155 1 On on IN 32282 155 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 155 3 ascent ascent NN 32282 155 4 the the DT 32282 155 5 car car NN 32282 155 6 was be VBD 32282 155 7 stopped stop VBN 32282 155 8 at at IN 32282 155 9 intermediate intermediate JJ 32282 155 10 floors floor NNS 32282 155 11 by by IN 32282 155 12 a a DT 32282 155 13 strong strong JJ 32282 155 14 brake brake NN 32282 155 15 that that WDT 32282 155 16 gripped grip VBD 32282 155 17 the the DT 32282 155 18 guides guide NNS 32282 155 19 . . . 32282 156 1 Upon upon IN 32282 156 2 reaching reach VBG 32282 156 3 the the DT 32282 156 4 top top NN 32282 156 5 , , , 32282 156 6 the the DT 32282 156 7 operator operator NN 32282 156 8 was be VBD 32282 156 9 able able JJ 32282 156 10 to to TO 32282 156 11 open open VB 32282 156 12 a a DT 32282 156 13 valve valve NN 32282 156 14 in in IN 32282 156 15 the the DT 32282 156 16 bucket bucket NN 32282 156 17 , , , 32282 156 18 now now RB 32282 156 19 at at IN 32282 156 20 the the DT 32282 156 21 bottom bottom NN 32282 156 22 of of IN 32282 156 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 156 24 travel travel NN 32282 156 25 , , , 32282 156 26 and and CC 32282 156 27 discharge discharge VB 32282 156 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 156 29 contents content NNS 32282 156 30 into into IN 32282 156 31 a a DT 32282 156 32 basement basement NN 32282 156 33 tank tank NN 32282 156 34 , , , 32282 156 35 to to TO 32282 156 36 be be VB 32282 156 37 pumped pump VBN 32282 156 38 back back RB 32282 156 39 to to IN 32282 156 40 the the DT 32282 156 41 roof roof NN 32282 156 42 . . . 32282 157 1 No no RB 32282 157 2 longer long RBR 32282 157 3 counterbalanced counterbalance VBN 32282 157 4 , , , 32282 157 5 the the DT 32282 157 6 car car NN 32282 157 7 could could MD 32282 157 8 descend descend VB 32282 157 9 , , , 32282 157 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 157 11 speed speed NN 32282 157 12 controlled control VBN 32282 157 13 solely solely RB 32282 157 14 by by IN 32282 157 15 the the DT 32282 157 16 brake brake NN 32282 157 17 . . . 32282 158 1 The the DT 32282 158 2 great great JJ 32282 158 3 popularity popularity NN 32282 158 4 of of IN 32282 158 5 this this DT 32282 158 6 novel novel JJ 32282 158 7 system system NN 32282 158 8 apparently apparently RB 32282 158 9 was be VBD 32282 158 10 due due JJ 32282 158 11 to to IN 32282 158 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 158 13 smooth smooth JJ 32282 158 14 operation operation NN 32282 158 15 , , , 32282 158 16 high high JJ 32282 158 17 speed speed NN 32282 158 18 , , , 32282 158 19 simplicity simplicity NN 32282 158 20 , , , 32282 158 21 and and CC 32282 158 22 economy economy NN 32282 158 23 of of IN 32282 158 24 operation operation NN 32282 158 25 . . . 32282 159 1 Managed manage VBN 32282 159 2 by by IN 32282 159 3 a a DT 32282 159 4 skillful skillful JJ 32282 159 5 operator operator NN 32282 159 6 , , , 32282 159 7 it -PRON- PRP 32282 159 8 was be VBD 32282 159 9 capable capable JJ 32282 159 10 of of IN 32282 159 11 speeds speed NNS 32282 159 12 far far RB 32282 159 13 greater great JJR 32282 159 14 than than IN 32282 159 15 other other JJ 32282 159 16 systems system NNS 32282 159 17 could could MD 32282 159 18 then then RB 32282 159 19 achieve achieve VB 32282 159 20 -- -- : 32282 159 21 up up IN 32282 159 22 to to IN 32282 159 23 a a DT 32282 159 24 frightening frightening JJ 32282 159 25 1,800 1,800 CD 32282 159 26 feet foot NNS 32282 159 27 per per IN 32282 159 28 minute minute NN 32282 159 29 . . . 32282 160 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 160 2 6 6 CD 32282 160 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 160 4 [ [ -LRB- 32282 160 5 Illustration illustration NN 32282 160 6 : : : 32282 160 7 Figure figure VB 32282 160 8 12.--Final 12.--final CD 32282 160 9 development development NN 32282 160 10 of of IN 32282 160 11 the the DT 32282 160 12 Baldwin Baldwin NNP 32282 160 13 - - HYPH 32282 160 14 Hale Hale NNP 32282 160 15 water water NN 32282 160 16 balance balance NN 32282 160 17 elevator elevator NN 32282 160 18 , , , 32282 160 19 1873 1873 CD 32282 160 20 . . . 32282 161 1 The the DT 32282 161 2 brake brake NN 32282 161 3 , , , 32282 161 4 kept keep VBD 32282 161 5 applied apply VBN 32282 161 6 by by IN 32282 161 7 powerful powerful JJ 32282 161 8 springs spring NNS 32282 161 9 , , , 32282 161 10 was be VBD 32282 161 11 released release VBN 32282 161 12 only only RB 32282 161 13 by by IN 32282 161 14 steady steady JJ 32282 161 15 pressure pressure NN 32282 161 16 on on IN 32282 161 17 a a DT 32282 161 18 lever lever NN 32282 161 19 . . . 32282 162 1 There there EX 32282 162 2 were be VBD 32282 162 3 two two CD 32282 162 4 additional additional JJ 32282 162 5 controls control NNS 32282 162 6 -- -- : 32282 162 7 the the DT 32282 162 8 continuous continuous JJ 32282 162 9 rope rope NN 32282 162 10 that that WDT 32282 162 11 opened open VBD 32282 162 12 the the DT 32282 162 13 cistern cistern JJ 32282 162 14 valve valve NN 32282 162 15 to to TO 32282 162 16 fill fill VB 32282 162 17 the the DT 32282 162 18 bucket bucket NN 32282 162 19 , , , 32282 162 20 and and CC 32282 162 21 a a DT 32282 162 22 second second JJ 32282 162 23 lever lever NN 32282 162 24 to to TO 32282 162 25 open open VB 32282 162 26 the the DT 32282 162 27 valve valve NN 32282 162 28 of of IN 32282 162 29 the the DT 32282 162 30 bucket bucket NN 32282 162 31 to to TO 32282 162 32 empty empty VB 32282 162 33 it -PRON- PRP 32282 162 34 . . . 32282 163 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 163 2 From from IN 32282 163 3 _ _ NNP 32282 163 4 United United NNP 32282 163 5 States States NNP 32282 163 6 Railroad Railroad NNP 32282 163 7 and and CC 32282 163 8 Mining Mining NNP 32282 163 9 Register Register NNP 32282 163 10 _ _ NNP 32282 163 11 , , , 32282 163 12 Apr. April NNP 32282 164 1 12 12 CD 32282 164 2 , , , 32282 164 3 1873 1873 CD 32282 164 4 , , , 32282 164 5 vol vol NNP 32282 164 6 . . . 32282 165 1 17 17 CD 32282 165 2 , , , 32282 165 3 p. p. NN 32282 166 1 3 3 LS 32282 166 2 . . . 32282 166 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 166 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 167 1 In in IN 32282 167 2 addition addition NN 32282 167 3 to to IN 32282 167 4 the the DT 32282 167 5 element element NN 32282 167 6 of of IN 32282 167 7 potential potential JJ 32282 167 8 danger danger NN 32282 167 9 from from IN 32282 167 10 careless careless JJ 32282 167 11 operation operation NN 32282 167 12 or or CC 32282 167 13 failure failure NN 32282 167 14 of of IN 32282 167 15 the the DT 32282 167 16 brake brake NN 32282 167 17 , , , 32282 167 18 the the DT 32282 167 19 Baldwin Baldwin NNP 32282 167 20 system system NN 32282 167 21 was be VBD 32282 167 22 extremely extremely RB 32282 167 23 expensive expensive JJ 32282 167 24 to to TO 32282 167 25 install install VB 32282 167 26 as as IN 32282 167 27 a a DT 32282 167 28 result result NN 32282 167 29 of of IN 32282 167 30 the the DT 32282 167 31 second second JJ 32282 167 32 shaft shaft NN 32282 167 33 , , , 32282 167 34 which which WDT 32282 167 35 of of IN 32282 167 36 course course NN 32282 167 37 was be VBD 32282 167 38 required require VBN 32282 167 39 to to TO 32282 167 40 be be VB 32282 167 41 more more RBR 32282 167 42 or or CC 32282 167 43 less less RBR 32282 167 44 watertight watertight JJ 32282 167 45 . . . 32282 168 1 Much much JJ 32282 168 2 of of IN 32282 168 3 the the DT 32282 168 4 water water NN 32282 168 5 - - HYPH 32282 168 6 balance balance NN 32282 168 7 elevator elevator NN 32282 168 8 's 's POS 32282 168 9 development development NN 32282 168 10 and and CC 32282 168 11 refinement refinement NN 32282 168 12 was be VBD 32282 168 13 done do VBN 32282 168 14 by by IN 32282 168 15 William William NNP 32282 168 16 E. E. NNP 32282 168 17 Hale Hale NNP 32282 168 18 of of IN 32282 168 19 Chicago Chicago NNP 32282 168 20 , , , 32282 168 21 who who WP 32282 168 22 also also RB 32282 168 23 made make VBD 32282 168 24 most most JJS 32282 168 25 of of IN 32282 168 26 the the DT 32282 168 27 installations installation NNS 32282 168 28 . . . 32282 169 1 The the DT 32282 169 2 system system NN 32282 169 3 has have VBZ 32282 169 4 , , , 32282 169 5 therefore therefore RB 32282 169 6 , , , 32282 169 7 come come VB 32282 169 8 to to TO 32282 169 9 bear bear VB 32282 169 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 169 11 name name NN 32282 169 12 more more RBR 32282 169 13 commonly commonly RB 32282 169 14 than than IN 32282 169 15 Baldwin Baldwin NNP 32282 169 16 's 's POS 32282 169 17 . . . 32282 170 1 The the DT 32282 170 2 popularity popularity NN 32282 170 3 of of IN 32282 170 4 the the DT 32282 170 5 water water NN 32282 170 6 - - HYPH 32282 170 7 balance balance NN 32282 170 8 system system NN 32282 170 9 waned wane VBD 32282 170 10 after after IN 32282 170 11 only only RB 32282 170 12 a a DT 32282 170 13 few few JJ 32282 170 14 years year NNS 32282 170 15 , , , 32282 170 16 being be VBG 32282 170 17 eclipsed eclipse VBN 32282 170 18 by by IN 32282 170 19 more more JJR 32282 170 20 rational rational JJ 32282 170 21 systems system NNS 32282 170 22 . . . 32282 171 1 Hale Hale NNP 32282 171 2 eventually eventually RB 32282 171 3 abandoned abandon VBD 32282 171 4 it -PRON- PRP 32282 171 5 and and CC 32282 171 6 became become VBD 32282 171 7 the the DT 32282 171 8 western western JJ 32282 171 9 agent agent NN 32282 171 10 for for IN 32282 171 11 Otis Otis NNP 32282 171 12 -- -- : 32282 171 13 by by IN 32282 171 14 this this DT 32282 171 15 time time NN 32282 171 16 prominent prominent JJ 32282 171 17 in in IN 32282 171 18 the the DT 32282 171 19 field field NN 32282 171 20 -- -- : 32282 171 21 and and CC 32282 171 22 subsequently subsequently RB 32282 171 23 was be VBD 32282 171 24 influential influential JJ 32282 171 25 in in IN 32282 171 26 development development NN 32282 171 27 of of IN 32282 171 28 the the DT 32282 171 29 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 171 30 elevator elevator NN 32282 171 31 . . . 32282 172 1 The the DT 32282 172 2 rope rope NN 32282 172 3 - - HYPH 32282 172 4 geared gear VBN 32282 172 5 system system NN 32282 172 6 of of IN 32282 172 7 hydraulic hydraulic NNP 32282 172 8 elevator elevator NN 32282 172 9 operation operation NN 32282 172 10 was be VBD 32282 172 11 so so RB 32282 172 12 basically basically RB 32282 172 13 simple simple JJ 32282 172 14 that that IN 32282 172 15 by by IN 32282 172 16 1880 1880 CD 32282 172 17 it -PRON- PRP 32282 172 18 had have VBD 32282 172 19 been be VBN 32282 172 20 embraced embrace VBN 32282 172 21 by by IN 32282 172 22 virtually virtually RB 32282 172 23 all all DT 32282 172 24 manufacturers manufacturer NNS 32282 172 25 . . . 32282 173 1 However however RB 32282 173 2 , , , 32282 173 3 for for IN 32282 173 4 years year NNS 32282 173 5 most most JJS 32282 173 6 builders builder NNS 32282 173 7 continued continue VBD 32282 173 8 to to TO 32282 173 9 maintain maintain VB 32282 173 10 a a DT 32282 173 11 line line NN 32282 173 12 of of IN 32282 173 13 steam steam NN 32282 173 14 and and CC 32282 173 15 belt belt NN 32282 173 16 driven drive VBN 32282 173 17 machines machine NNS 32282 173 18 for for IN 32282 173 19 freight freight NN 32282 173 20 service service NN 32282 173 21 . . . 32282 174 1 Inspired inspire VBN 32282 174 2 by by IN 32282 174 3 the the DT 32282 174 4 rapid rapid JJ 32282 174 5 increase increase NN 32282 174 6 of of IN 32282 174 7 taller tall JJR 32282 174 8 and and CC 32282 174 9 taller tall JJR 32282 174 10 buildings building NNS 32282 174 11 , , , 32282 174 12 there there EX 32282 174 13 was be VBD 32282 174 14 a a DT 32282 174 15 concentrated concentrated JJ 32282 174 16 effort effort NN 32282 174 17 , , , 32282 174 18 heightened heighten VBN 32282 174 19 by by IN 32282 174 20 severe severe JJ 32282 174 21 competition competition NN 32282 174 22 , , , 32282 174 23 to to TO 32282 174 24 refine refine VB 32282 174 25 the the DT 32282 174 26 basic basic JJ 32282 174 27 system system NN 32282 174 28 . . . 32282 175 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 175 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 175 3 : : : 32282 175 4 Figure figure NN 32282 175 5 13.--Vertical 13.--vertical CD 32282 175 6 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 175 7 , , , 32282 175 8 rope rope NN 32282 175 9 - - HYPH 32282 175 10 geared gear VBN 32282 175 11 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 175 12 elevator elevator NN 32282 175 13 with with IN 32282 175 14 2:1 2:1 CD 32282 175 15 gear gear NN 32282 175 16 ratio ratio NN 32282 175 17 and and CC 32282 175 18 rope rope NN 32282 175 19 control control NN 32282 175 20 ( ( -LRB- 32282 175 21 about about RB 32282 175 22 1880 1880 CD 32282 175 23 ) ) -RRB- 32282 175 24 . . . 32282 176 1 For for IN 32282 176 2 higher high JJR 32282 176 3 rises rise NNS 32282 176 4 and and CC 32282 176 5 speeds speed NNS 32282 176 6 , , , 32282 176 7 ratios ratio NNS 32282 176 8 of of IN 32282 176 9 up up IN 32282 176 10 to to TO 32282 176 11 10:1 10:1 CD 32282 176 12 were be VBD 32282 176 13 used use VBN 32282 176 14 , , , 32282 176 15 and and CC 32282 176 16 the the DT 32282 176 17 endless endless JJ 32282 176 18 rope rope NN 32282 176 19 was be VBD 32282 176 20 replaced replace VBN 32282 176 21 by by IN 32282 176 22 a a DT 32282 176 23 lever lever NN 32282 176 24 . . . 32282 177 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 177 2 Courtesy courtesy NN 32282 177 3 of of IN 32282 177 4 Otis Otis NNP 32282 177 5 Elevator Elevator NNP 32282 177 6 Company Company NNP 32282 177 7 . . . 32282 177 8 ) ) -RRB- 32282 177 9 ] ] -RRB- 32282 178 1 By by IN 32282 178 2 the the DT 32282 178 3 late late JJ 32282 178 4 1880 1880 CD 32282 178 5 's be VBZ 32282 178 6 a a DT 32282 178 7 vast vast JJ 32282 178 8 number number NN 32282 178 9 of of IN 32282 178 10 improvements improvement NNS 32282 178 11 in in IN 32282 178 12 detail detail NN 32282 178 13 had have VBD 32282 178 14 appeared appear VBN 32282 178 15 , , , 32282 178 16 and and CC 32282 178 17 this this DT 32282 178 18 form form NN 32282 178 19 of of IN 32282 178 20 elevator elevator NN 32282 178 21 was be VBD 32282 178 22 considered consider VBN 32282 178 23 to to TO 32282 178 24 be be VB 32282 178 25 almost almost RB 32282 178 26 without without IN 32282 178 27 defect defect NN 32282 178 28 . . . 32282 179 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 179 2 was be VBD 32282 179 3 safe safe JJ 32282 179 4 . . . 32282 180 1 Absence absence NN 32282 180 2 of of IN 32282 180 3 a a DT 32282 180 4 drum drum NN 32282 180 5 enabled enable VBD 32282 180 6 the the DT 32282 180 7 car car NN 32282 180 8 to to TO 32282 180 9 be be VB 32282 180 10 carried carry VBN 32282 180 11 by by IN 32282 180 12 a a DT 32282 180 13 number number NN 32282 180 14 of of IN 32282 180 15 cables cable NNS 32282 180 16 rather rather RB 32282 180 17 than than IN 32282 180 18 by by IN 32282 180 19 one one CD 32282 180 20 or or CC 32282 180 21 two two CD 32282 180 22 , , , 32282 180 23 and and CC 32282 180 24 rendered render VBN 32282 180 25 overtravel overtravel NN 32282 180 26 impossible impossible JJ 32282 180 27 . . . 32282 181 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 181 2 was be VBD 32282 181 3 fast fast JJ 32282 181 4 . . . 32282 182 1 Control control NN 32282 182 2 devices device NNS 32282 182 3 had have VBD 32282 182 4 received receive VBN 32282 182 5 probably probably RB 32282 182 6 the the DT 32282 182 7 most most JJS 32282 182 8 attention attention NN 32282 182 9 by by IN 32282 182 10 engineers engineer NNS 32282 182 11 and and CC 32282 182 12 were be VBD 32282 182 13 as as RB 32282 182 14 perfect perfect JJ 32282 182 15 and and CC 32282 182 16 sensitive sensitive JJ 32282 182 17 as as IN 32282 182 18 was be VBD 32282 182 19 possible possible JJ 32282 182 20 with with IN 32282 182 21 mechanical mechanical JJ 32282 182 22 means mean NNS 32282 182 23 . . . 32282 183 1 Cars car NNS 32282 183 2 with with IN 32282 183 3 lever lever NN 32282 183 4 control control NN 32282 183 5 could could MD 32282 183 6 be be VB 32282 183 7 run run VBN 32282 183 8 at at IN 32282 183 9 the the DT 32282 183 10 high high JJ 32282 183 11 speeds speed NNS 32282 183 12 required require VBN 32282 183 13 for for IN 32282 183 14 high high JJ 32282 183 15 buildings building NNS 32282 183 16 , , , 32282 183 17 yet yet CC 32282 183 18 they -PRON- PRP 32282 183 19 could could MD 32282 183 20 be be VB 32282 183 21 stopped stop VBN 32282 183 22 with with IN 32282 183 23 a a DT 32282 183 24 smoothness smoothness NN 32282 183 25 and and CC 32282 183 26 precision precision NN 32282 183 27 unattainable unattainable JJ 32282 183 28 earlier early RBR 32282 183 29 with with IN 32282 183 30 systems system NNS 32282 183 31 in in IN 32282 183 32 which which WDT 32282 183 33 the the DT 32282 183 34 valves valve NNS 32282 183 35 were be VBD 32282 183 36 controlled control VBN 32282 183 37 by by IN 32282 183 38 an an DT 32282 183 39 endless endless JJ 32282 183 40 rope rope NN 32282 183 41 , , , 32282 183 42 worked work VBN 32282 183 43 by by IN 32282 183 44 the the DT 32282 183 45 operator operator NN 32282 183 46 . . . 32282 184 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 184 2 was be VBD 32282 184 3 almost almost RB 32282 184 4 completely completely RB 32282 184 5 silent silent JJ 32282 184 6 , , , 32282 184 7 and and CC 32282 184 8 when when WRB 32282 184 9 the the DT 32282 184 10 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 184 11 was be VBD 32282 184 12 placed place VBN 32282 184 13 vertically vertically RB 32282 184 14 in in IN 32282 184 15 a a DT 32282 184 16 well well NN 32282 184 17 near near IN 32282 184 18 the the DT 32282 184 19 shaft shaft NN 32282 184 20 , , , 32282 184 21 practically practically RB 32282 184 22 no no DT 32282 184 23 valuable valuable JJ 32282 184 24 floor floor NN 32282 184 25 space space NN 32282 184 26 was be VBD 32282 184 27 occupied occupy VBN 32282 184 28 . . . 32282 185 1 But but CC 32282 185 2 most most RBS 32282 185 3 important important JJ 32282 185 4 , , , 32282 185 5 the the DT 32282 185 6 length length NN 32282 185 7 of of IN 32282 185 8 rise rise NN 32282 185 9 was be VBD 32282 185 10 unlimited unlimited JJ 32282 185 11 because because IN 32282 185 12 no no DT 32282 185 13 drum drum NN 32282 185 14 was be VBD 32282 185 15 used use VBN 32282 185 16 . . . 32282 186 1 As as IN 32282 186 2 greater great JJR 32282 186 3 rises rise NNS 32282 186 4 were be VBD 32282 186 5 required require VBN 32282 186 6 , , , 32282 186 7 the the DT 32282 186 8 multiplication multiplication NN 32282 186 9 of of IN 32282 186 10 the the DT 32282 186 11 ropes rope NNS 32282 186 12 and and CC 32282 186 13 sheaves sheaf NNS 32282 186 14 was be VBD 32282 186 15 simply simply RB 32282 186 16 increased increase VBN 32282 186 17 , , , 32282 186 18 raising raise VBG 32282 186 19 the the DT 32282 186 20 piston piston NN 32282 186 21 - - HYPH 32282 186 22 car car NN 32282 186 23 travel travel NN 32282 186 24 ratio ratio NN 32282 186 25 and and CC 32282 186 26 permitting permit VBG 32282 186 27 the the DT 32282 186 28 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 186 29 to to TO 32282 186 30 remain remain VB 32282 186 31 of of IN 32282 186 32 manageable manageable JJ 32282 186 33 length length NN 32282 186 34 . . . 32282 187 1 The the DT 32282 187 2 ratio ratio NN 32282 187 3 was be VBD 32282 187 4 often often RB 32282 187 5 as as RB 32282 187 6 high high JJ 32282 187 7 as as IN 32282 187 8 10 10 CD 32282 187 9 or or CC 32282 187 10 12 12 CD 32282 187 11 to to TO 32282 187 12 1 1 CD 32282 187 13 , , , 32282 187 14 the the DT 32282 187 15 car car NN 32282 187 16 moving move VBG 32282 187 17 10 10 CD 32282 187 18 or or CC 32282 187 19 12 12 CD 32282 187 20 feet foot NNS 32282 187 21 to to IN 32282 187 22 the the DT 32282 187 23 piston piston NN 32282 187 24 's 's POS 32282 187 25 1 1 CD 32282 187 26 . . . 32282 188 1 In in IN 32282 188 2 addition addition NN 32282 188 3 to to IN 32282 188 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 188 5 principal principal JJ 32282 188 6 advantages advantage NNS 32282 188 7 , , , 32282 188 8 the the DT 32282 188 9 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 188 10 elevator elevator NN 32282 188 11 could could MD 32282 188 12 be be VB 32282 188 13 operated operate VBN 32282 188 14 directly directly RB 32282 188 15 from from IN 32282 188 16 municipal municipal JJ 32282 188 17 water water NN 32282 188 18 mains main NNS 32282 188 19 in in IN 32282 188 20 the the DT 32282 188 21 many many JJ 32282 188 22 cities city NNS 32282 188 23 where where WRB 32282 188 24 there there EX 32282 188 25 was be VBD 32282 188 26 sufficient sufficient JJ 32282 188 27 pressure pressure NN 32282 188 28 , , , 32282 188 29 thus thus RB 32282 188 30 eliminating eliminate VBG 32282 188 31 a a DT 32282 188 32 large large JJ 32282 188 33 investment investment NN 32282 188 34 in in IN 32282 188 35 tanks tank NNS 32282 188 36 , , , 32282 188 37 pumps pump NNS 32282 188 38 and and CC 32282 188 39 boilers boiler NNS 32282 188 40 ( ( -LRB- 32282 188 41 fig fig VB 32282 188 42 . . . 32282 189 1 14 14 CD 32282 189 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 189 3 . . . 32282 190 1 By by IN 32282 190 2 far far RB 32282 190 3 the the DT 32282 190 4 greatest great JJS 32282 190 5 development development NN 32282 190 6 in in IN 32282 190 7 this this DT 32282 190 8 specialized specialized JJ 32282 190 9 branch branch NN 32282 190 10 of of IN 32282 190 11 mechanical mechanical JJ 32282 190 12 engineering engineering NN 32282 190 13 occurred occur VBD 32282 190 14 in in IN 32282 190 15 the the DT 32282 190 16 United United NNP 32282 190 17 States States NNP 32282 190 18 . . . 32282 191 1 The the DT 32282 191 2 comparative comparative JJ 32282 191 3 position position NN 32282 191 4 of of IN 32282 191 5 American american JJ 32282 191 6 practice practice NN 32282 191 7 , , , 32282 191 8 which which WDT 32282 191 9 will will MD 32282 191 10 be be VB 32282 191 11 demonstrated demonstrate VBN 32282 191 12 farther farther RB 32282 191 13 on on RB 32282 191 14 , , , 32282 191 15 is be VBZ 32282 191 16 indicated indicate VBN 32282 191 17 by by IN 32282 191 18 the the DT 32282 191 19 fact fact NN 32282 191 20 that that IN 32282 191 21 Otis Otis NNP 32282 191 22 Brothers Brothers NNPS 32282 191 23 and and CC 32282 191 24 other other JJ 32282 191 25 large large JJ 32282 191 26 elevator elevator NN 32282 191 27 concerns concern NNS 32282 191 28 in in IN 32282 191 29 the the DT 32282 191 30 United United NNP 32282 191 31 States States NNP 32282 191 32 were be VBD 32282 191 33 able able JJ 32282 191 34 to to TO 32282 191 35 establish establish VB 32282 191 36 offices office NNS 32282 191 37 in in IN 32282 191 38 many many JJ 32282 191 39 of of IN 32282 191 40 the the DT 32282 191 41 major major JJ 32282 191 42 cities city NNS 32282 191 43 of of IN 32282 191 44 Europe Europe NNP 32282 191 45 and and CC 32282 191 46 compete compete VB 32282 191 47 very very RB 32282 191 48 successfully successfully RB 32282 191 49 with with IN 32282 191 50 local local JJ 32282 191 51 firms firm NNS 32282 191 52 in in IN 32282 191 53 spite spite NN 32282 191 54 of of IN 32282 191 55 the the DT 32282 191 56 higher high JJR 32282 191 57 costs cost NNS 32282 191 58 due due JJ 32282 191 59 to to IN 32282 191 60 shipment shipment NN 32282 191 61 . . . 32282 192 1 This this DT 32282 192 2 also also RB 32282 192 3 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ 32282 192 4 the the DT 32282 192 5 extent extent NN 32282 192 6 of of IN 32282 192 7 error error NN 32282 192 8 in in IN 32282 192 9 the the DT 32282 192 10 oft oft RB 32282 192 11 - - HYPH 32282 192 12 heard hear VBN 32282 192 13 statement statement NN 32282 192 14 that that IN 32282 192 15 the the DT 32282 192 16 skyscraper skyscraper NN 32282 192 17 was be VBD 32282 192 18 the the DT 32282 192 19 direct direct JJ 32282 192 20 result result NN 32282 192 21 of of IN 32282 192 22 the the DT 32282 192 23 elevator elevator NN 32282 192 24 's 's POS 32282 192 25 invention invention NN 32282 192 26 . . . 32282 193 1 There there EX 32282 193 2 is be VBZ 32282 193 3 no no DT 32282 193 4 question question NN 32282 193 5 that that WDT 32282 193 6 continued continue VBN 32282 193 7 elevator elevator NN 32282 193 8 improvement improvement NN 32282 193 9 was be VBD 32282 193 10 an an DT 32282 193 11 essential essential JJ 32282 193 12 factor factor NN 32282 193 13 in in IN 32282 193 14 the the DT 32282 193 15 rapid rapid JJ 32282 193 16 increase increase NN 32282 193 17 of of IN 32282 193 18 building build VBG 32282 193 19 heights height NNS 32282 193 20 . . . 32282 194 1 However however RB 32282 194 2 , , , 32282 194 3 consideration consideration NN 32282 194 4 of of IN 32282 194 5 the the DT 32282 194 6 situation situation NN 32282 194 7 in in IN 32282 194 8 European european JJ 32282 194 9 cities city NNS 32282 194 10 , , , 32282 194 11 where where WRB 32282 194 12 buildings building NNS 32282 194 13 of of IN 32282 194 14 over over IN 32282 194 15 10 10 CD 32282 194 16 stories story NNS 32282 194 17 were be VBD 32282 194 18 ( ( -LRB- 32282 194 19 and and CC 32282 194 20 still still RB 32282 194 21 are be VBP 32282 194 22 ) ) -RRB- 32282 194 23 rare rare JJ 32282 194 24 in in IN 32282 194 25 spite spite NN 32282 194 26 of of IN 32282 194 27 the the DT 32282 194 28 availability availability NN 32282 194 29 of of IN 32282 194 30 similar similar JJ 32282 194 31 elevator elevator NN 32282 194 32 techniques technique NNS 32282 194 33 , , , 32282 194 34 points point NNS 32282 194 35 to to IN 32282 194 36 the the DT 32282 194 37 fundamental fundamental JJ 32282 194 38 matter matter NN 32282 194 39 of of IN 32282 194 40 tradition tradition NN 32282 194 41 . . . 32282 195 1 The the DT 32282 195 2 European european JJ 32282 195 3 city city NN 32282 195 4 simply simply RB 32282 195 5 did do VBD 32282 195 6 not not RB 32282 195 7 develop develop VB 32282 195 8 with with IN 32282 195 9 the the DT 32282 195 10 lack lack NN 32282 195 11 of of IN 32282 195 12 judicial judicial JJ 32282 195 13 restraint restraint NN 32282 195 14 which which WDT 32282 195 15 characterized characterize VBD 32282 195 16 metropolitan metropolitan JJ 32282 195 17 growth growth NN 32282 195 18 in in IN 32282 195 19 the the DT 32282 195 20 United United NNP 32282 195 21 States States NNP 32282 195 22 . . . 32282 196 1 The the DT 32282 196 2 American american JJ 32282 196 3 tendency tendency NN 32282 196 4 to to TO 32282 196 5 confine confine VB 32282 196 6 mercantile mercantile NN 32282 196 7 activity activity NN 32282 196 8 to to IN 32282 196 9 the the DT 32282 196 10 smallest small JJS 32282 196 11 possible possible JJ 32282 196 12 area area NN 32282 196 13 resulted result VBD 32282 196 14 in in IN 32282 196 15 excessive excessive JJ 32282 196 16 land land NN 32282 196 17 values value NNS 32282 196 18 , , , 32282 196 19 which which WDT 32282 196 20 drove drive VBD 32282 196 21 buildings building NNS 32282 196 22 skyward skyward RB 32282 196 23 . . . 32282 197 1 The the DT 32282 197 2 elevator elevator NN 32282 197 3 followed follow VBD 32282 197 4 , , , 32282 197 5 or or CC 32282 197 6 , , , 32282 197 7 at at IN 32282 197 8 most most RBS 32282 197 9 , , , 32282 197 10 kept keep VBD 32282 197 11 pace pace NN 32282 197 12 with with IN 32282 197 13 , , , 32282 197 14 the the DT 32282 197 15 development development NN 32282 197 16 of of IN 32282 197 17 higher high JJR 32282 197 18 buildings building NNS 32282 197 19 . . . 32282 198 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 198 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 198 3 : : : 32282 198 4 Figure figure NN 32282 198 5 14.--In 14.--in CD 32282 198 6 the the DT 32282 198 7 various various JJ 32282 198 8 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 198 9 systems system NNS 32282 198 10 , , , 32282 198 11 a a DT 32282 198 12 pump pump NN 32282 198 13 was be VBD 32282 198 14 required require VBN 32282 198 15 if if IN 32282 198 16 pressure pressure NN 32282 198 17 from from IN 32282 198 18 water water NN 32282 198 19 mains main NNS 32282 198 20 was be VBD 32282 198 21 insufficient insufficient JJ 32282 198 22 to to TO 32282 198 23 operate operate VB 32282 198 24 the the DT 32282 198 25 elevator elevator NN 32282 198 26 directly directly RB 32282 198 27 . . . 32282 199 1 There there EX 32282 199 2 was be VBD 32282 199 3 either either CC 32282 199 4 a a DT 32282 199 5 gravity gravity NN 32282 199 6 tank tank NN 32282 199 7 on on IN 32282 199 8 the the DT 32282 199 9 roof roof NN 32282 199 10 or or CC 32282 199 11 a a DT 32282 199 12 pressure pressure NN 32282 199 13 tank tank NN 32282 199 14 in in IN 32282 199 15 the the DT 32282 199 16 basement basement NN 32282 199 17 . . . 32282 200 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 200 2 From from IN 32282 200 3 Thomas Thomas NNP 32282 200 4 E. E. NNP 32282 200 5 Brown Brown NNP 32282 200 6 , , , 32282 200 7 Jr. Jr. NNP 32282 200 8 , , , 32282 200 9 " " `` 32282 200 10 The the DT 32282 200 11 American American NNP 32282 200 12 Passenger Passenger NNP 32282 200 13 Elevator Elevator NNP 32282 200 14 , , , 32282 200 15 " " '' 32282 200 16 _ _ NNP 32282 200 17 Engineering Engineering NNP 32282 200 18 Magazine Magazine NNP 32282 200 19 _ _ NNP 32282 200 20 ( ( -LRB- 32282 200 21 New New NNP 32282 200 22 York York NNP 32282 200 23 ) ) -RRB- 32282 200 24 , , , 32282 200 25 June June NNP 32282 200 26 1893 1893 CD 32282 200 27 , , , 32282 200 28 vol vol NNP 32282 200 29 . . . 32282 201 1 5 5 CD 32282 201 2 , , , 32282 201 3 p. p. NN 32282 202 1 340 340 CD 32282 202 2 . . . 32282 202 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 202 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 203 1 European european JJ 32282 203 2 elevator elevator NN 32282 203 3 development development NN 32282 203 4 -- -- : 32282 203 5 notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 32282 203 6 the the DT 32282 203 7 number number NN 32282 203 8 of of IN 32282 203 9 American American NNP 32282 203 10 rope rope NN 32282 203 11 - - HYPH 32282 203 12 geared gear VBN 32282 203 13 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 203 14 machines machine NNS 32282 203 15 sold sell VBN 32282 203 16 in in IN 32282 203 17 Europe Europe NNP 32282 203 18 in in IN 32282 203 19 the the DT 32282 203 20 10 10 CD 32282 203 21 years year NNS 32282 203 22 or or CC 32282 203 23 so so RB 32282 203 24 preceding precede VBG 32282 203 25 the the DT 32282 203 26 Paris Paris NNP 32282 203 27 fair fair NN 32282 203 28 of of IN 32282 203 29 1889 1889 CD 32282 203 30 - - HYPH 32282 203 31 -was -was NN 32282 203 32 confined confine VBN 32282 203 33 mainly mainly RB 32282 203 34 to to IN 32282 203 35 variations variation NNS 32282 203 36 on on IN 32282 203 37 the the DT 32282 203 38 direct direct JJ 32282 203 39 plunger plunger NN 32282 203 40 type type NN 32282 203 41 , , , 32282 203 42 which which WDT 32282 203 43 was be VBD 32282 203 44 first first RB 32282 203 45 used use VBN 32282 203 46 in in IN 32282 203 47 English English NNP 32282 203 48 factories factory NNS 32282 203 49 in in IN 32282 203 50 the the DT 32282 203 51 1830 1830 CD 32282 203 52 's 's POS 32282 203 53 . . . 32282 204 1 The the DT 32282 204 2 plunger plung JJR 32282 204 3 elevator elevator NN 32282 204 4 ( ( -LRB- 32282 204 5 fig fig NN 32282 204 6 . . . 32282 205 1 16 16 CD 32282 205 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 205 3 , , , 32282 205 4 an an DT 32282 205 5 even even RB 32282 205 6 closer close RBR 32282 205 7 derivative derivative NN 32282 205 8 of of IN 32282 205 9 the the DT 32282 205 10 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 205 11 press press NN 32282 205 12 than than IN 32282 205 13 Armstrong Armstrong NNP 32282 205 14 's 's POS 32282 205 15 crane crane NN 32282 205 16 , , , 32282 205 17 was be VBD 32282 205 18 nothing nothing NN 32282 205 19 more more JJR 32282 205 20 than than IN 32282 205 21 a a DT 32282 205 22 platform platform NN 32282 205 23 on on IN 32282 205 24 the the DT 32282 205 25 upper upper JJ 32282 205 26 end end NN 32282 205 27 of of IN 32282 205 28 a a DT 32282 205 29 vertical vertical JJ 32282 205 30 plunger plunger NN 32282 205 31 that that WDT 32282 205 32 rose rise VBD 32282 205 33 from from IN 32282 205 34 a a DT 32282 205 35 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 205 36 as as IN 32282 205 37 water water NN 32282 205 38 was be VBD 32282 205 39 forced force VBN 32282 205 40 in in IN 32282 205 41 . . . 32282 206 1 There there EX 32282 206 2 were be VBD 32282 206 3 two two CD 32282 206 4 reasons reason NNS 32282 206 5 for for IN 32282 206 6 this this DT 32282 206 7 European european JJ 32282 206 8 practice practice NN 32282 206 9 . . . 32282 207 1 The the DT 32282 207 2 first first JJ 32282 207 3 and and CC 32282 207 4 most most RBS 32282 207 5 apparent apparent JJ 32282 207 6 was be VBD 32282 207 7 the the DT 32282 207 8 rarity rarity NN 32282 207 9 of of IN 32282 207 10 tall tall JJ 32282 207 11 buildings building NNS 32282 207 12 . . . 32282 208 1 The the DT 32282 208 2 drilling drilling NN 32282 208 3 of of IN 32282 208 4 a a DT 32282 208 5 well well NN 32282 208 6 to to TO 32282 208 7 receive receive VB 32282 208 8 the the DT 32282 208 9 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 208 10 was be VBD 32282 208 11 thus thus RB 32282 208 12 a a DT 32282 208 13 matter matter NN 32282 208 14 of of IN 32282 208 15 little little JJ 32282 208 16 difficulty difficulty NN 32282 208 17 . . . 32282 209 1 This this DT 32282 209 2 well well RB 32282 209 3 had have VBD 32282 209 4 to to TO 32282 209 5 be be VB 32282 209 6 equivalent equivalent JJ 32282 209 7 in in IN 32282 209 8 depth depth NN 32282 209 9 to to IN 32282 209 10 the the DT 32282 209 11 elevator elevator NN 32282 209 12 rise rise VB 32282 209 13 . . . 32282 210 1 The the DT 32282 210 2 second second JJ 32282 210 3 reason reason NN 32282 210 4 was be VBD 32282 210 5 an an DT 32282 210 6 innate innate JJ 32282 210 7 European european JJ 32282 210 8 distrust distrust NN 32282 210 9 of of IN 32282 210 10 cable cable NN 32282 210 11 - - HYPH 32282 210 12 hung hang VBN 32282 210 13 elevator elevator NN 32282 210 14 systems system NNS 32282 210 15 in in IN 32282 210 16 any any DT 32282 210 17 form form NN 32282 210 18 , , , 32282 210 19 an an DT 32282 210 20 attitude attitude NN 32282 210 21 that that WDT 32282 210 22 will will MD 32282 210 23 be be VB 32282 210 24 discussed discuss VBN 32282 210 25 more more RBR 32282 210 26 fully fully RB 32282 210 27 farther farther RB 32282 210 28 on on RB 32282 210 29 . . . 32282 211 1 THE the DT 32282 211 2 ELECTRIC ELECTRIC NNP 32282 211 3 ELEVATOR ELEVATOR NNP 32282 211 4 At at IN 32282 211 5 the the DT 32282 211 6 time time NN 32282 211 7 the the DT 32282 211 8 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 211 9 Tower Tower NNP 32282 211 10 elevators elevator NNS 32282 211 11 were be VBD 32282 211 12 under under IN 32282 211 13 consideration consideration NN 32282 211 14 , , , 32282 211 15 water water NN 32282 211 16 under under IN 32282 211 17 pressure pressure NN 32282 211 18 was be VBD 32282 211 19 , , , 32282 211 20 from from IN 32282 211 21 a a DT 32282 211 22 practical practical JJ 32282 211 23 standpoint standpoint NN 32282 211 24 , , , 32282 211 25 the the DT 32282 211 26 only only JJ 32282 211 27 agent agent NN 32282 211 28 capable capable JJ 32282 211 29 of of IN 32282 211 30 fulfilling fulfil VBG 32282 211 31 the the DT 32282 211 32 power power NN 32282 211 33 and and CC 32282 211 34 control control NN 32282 211 35 requirements requirement NNS 32282 211 36 of of IN 32282 211 37 this this DT 32282 211 38 particularly particularly RB 32282 211 39 severe severe JJ 32282 211 40 service service NN 32282 211 41 . . . 32282 212 1 Steam Steam NNP 32282 212 2 , , , 32282 212 3 as as IN 32282 212 4 previously previously RB 32282 212 5 mentioned mention VBN 32282 212 6 , , , 32282 212 7 had have VBD 32282 212 8 already already RB 32282 212 9 been be VBN 32282 212 10 found find VBN 32282 212 11 wanting want VBG 32282 212 12 in in IN 32282 212 13 several several JJ 32282 212 14 respects respect NNS 32282 212 15 . . . 32282 213 1 Electricity electricity NN 32282 213 2 , , , 32282 213 3 on on IN 32282 213 4 the the DT 32282 213 5 other other JJ 32282 213 6 hand hand NN 32282 213 7 , , , 32282 213 8 seemed seem VBD 32282 213 9 to to TO 32282 213 10 hold hold VB 32282 213 11 promise promise NN 32282 213 12 for for IN 32282 213 13 almost almost RB 32282 213 14 every every DT 32282 213 15 field field NN 32282 213 16 of of IN 32282 213 17 human human JJ 32282 213 18 endeavor endeavor NN 32282 213 19 . . . 32282 214 1 By by IN 32282 214 2 1888 1888 CD 32282 214 3 the the DT 32282 214 4 electric electric JJ 32282 214 5 motor motor NN 32282 214 6 had have VBD 32282 214 7 behind behind IN 32282 214 8 it -PRON- PRP 32282 214 9 a a DT 32282 214 10 10- 10- NNP 32282 214 11 or or CC 32282 214 12 15-year 15-year CD 32282 214 13 history history NN 32282 214 14 of of IN 32282 214 15 active active JJ 32282 214 16 development development NN 32282 214 17 . . . 32282 215 1 Frank Frank NNP 32282 215 2 J. J. NNP 32282 215 3 Sprague Sprague NNP 32282 215 4 had have VBD 32282 215 5 already already RB 32282 215 6 placed place VBN 32282 215 7 in in IN 32282 215 8 successful successful JJ 32282 215 9 operation operation NN 32282 215 10 a a DT 32282 215 11 sizable sizable JJ 32282 215 12 electric electric JJ 32282 215 13 trolley trolley NN 32282 215 14 - - HYPH 32282 215 15 car car NN 32282 215 16 system system NN 32282 215 17 , , , 32282 215 18 and and CC 32282 215 19 was be VBD 32282 215 20 manufacturing manufacture VBG 32282 215 21 motors motor NNS 32282 215 22 of of IN 32282 215 23 up up IN 32282 215 24 to to TO 32282 215 25 20 20 CD 32282 215 26 horsepower horsepower NN 32282 215 27 in in IN 32282 215 28 commercial commercial JJ 32282 215 29 quantity quantity NN 32282 215 30 . . . 32282 216 1 Lighting lighting NN 32282 216 2 generators generator NNS 32282 216 3 were be VBD 32282 216 4 being be VBG 32282 216 5 produced produce VBN 32282 216 6 in in IN 32282 216 7 sizes size NNS 32282 216 8 far far RB 32282 216 9 greater great JJR 32282 216 10 . . . 32282 217 1 There there EX 32282 217 2 were be VBD 32282 217 3 , , , 32282 217 4 nevertheless nevertheless RB 32282 217 5 , , , 32282 217 6 many many JJ 32282 217 7 obstacles obstacle NNS 32282 217 8 preventing prevent VBG 32282 217 9 the the DT 32282 217 10 translation translation NN 32282 217 11 of of IN 32282 217 12 this this DT 32282 217 13 progress progress NN 32282 217 14 into into IN 32282 217 15 machinery machinery NN 32282 217 16 capable capable JJ 32282 217 17 of of IN 32282 217 18 hauling haul VBG 32282 217 19 large large JJ 32282 217 20 groups group NNS 32282 217 21 of of IN 32282 217 22 people people NNS 32282 217 23 a a DT 32282 217 24 vertical vertical JJ 32282 217 25 distance distance NN 32282 217 26 of of IN 32282 217 27 1,000 1,000 CD 32282 217 28 feet foot NNS 32282 217 29 with with IN 32282 217 30 unquestionable unquestionable JJ 32282 217 31 dependability dependability NN 32282 217 32 . . . 32282 218 1 The the DT 32282 218 2 first first JJ 32282 218 3 application application NN 32282 218 4 of of IN 32282 218 5 electricity electricity NN 32282 218 6 to to IN 32282 218 7 elevator elevator NN 32282 218 8 propulsion propulsion NN 32282 218 9 was be VBD 32282 218 10 an an DT 32282 218 11 experiment experiment NN 32282 218 12 of of IN 32282 218 13 the the DT 32282 218 14 distinguished distinguished JJ 32282 218 15 German german JJ 32282 218 16 electrician electrician NN 32282 218 17 Werner Werner NNP 32282 218 18 von von NNP 32282 218 19 Siemens Siemens NNP 32282 218 20 , , , 32282 218 21 who who WP 32282 218 22 , , , 32282 218 23 in in IN 32282 218 24 1880 1880 CD 32282 218 25 , , , 32282 218 26 constructed construct VBD 32282 218 27 a a DT 32282 218 28 car car NN 32282 218 29 that that WDT 32282 218 30 successfully successfully RB 32282 218 31 climbed climb VBD 32282 218 32 a a DT 32282 218 33 rack rack NN 32282 218 34 by by IN 32282 218 35 means mean NNS 32282 218 36 of of IN 32282 218 37 a a DT 32282 218 38 motor motor NN 32282 218 39 and and CC 32282 218 40 worm worm NN 32282 218 41 gearing gearing NN 32282 218 42 beneath beneath IN 32282 218 43 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 218 44 deck deck NN 32282 218 45 ( ( -LRB- 32282 218 46 figs fig NNS 32282 218 47 . . . 32282 219 1 17 17 CD 32282 219 2 , , , 32282 219 3 18)--again 18)--again CD 32282 219 4 , , , 32282 219 5 the the DT 32282 219 6 characteristic characteristic JJ 32282 219 7 European european JJ 32282 219 8 distrust distrust NN 32282 219 9 of of IN 32282 219 10 cable cable NN 32282 219 11 suspension suspension NN 32282 219 12 . . . 32282 220 1 However however RB 32282 220 2 , , , 32282 220 3 the the DT 32282 220 4 effect effect NN 32282 220 5 of of IN 32282 220 6 this this DT 32282 220 7 success success NN 32282 220 8 on on IN 32282 220 9 subsequent subsequent JJ 32282 220 10 development development NN 32282 220 11 was be VBD 32282 220 12 negligible negligible JJ 32282 220 13 . . . 32282 221 1 Significant significant JJ 32282 221 2 use use NN 32282 221 3 of of IN 32282 221 4 electricity electricity NN 32282 221 5 in in IN 32282 221 6 this this DT 32282 221 7 field field NN 32282 221 8 occurred occur VBD 32282 221 9 somewhat somewhat RB 32282 221 10 later later RB 32282 221 11 , , , 32282 221 12 and and CC 32282 221 13 in in IN 32282 221 14 a a DT 32282 221 15 manner manner NN 32282 221 16 parallel parallel NN 32282 221 17 to to IN 32282 221 18 that that DT 32282 221 19 by by IN 32282 221 20 which which WDT 32282 221 21 steam steam NN 32282 221 22 was be VBD 32282 221 23 first first RB 32282 221 24 applied apply VBN 32282 221 25 to to IN 32282 221 26 the the DT 32282 221 27 elevator elevator NN 32282 221 28 -- -- : 32282 221 29 the the DT 32282 221 30 driving driving NN 32282 221 31 of of IN 32282 221 32 mechanical mechanical JJ 32282 221 33 ( ( -LRB- 32282 221 34 belt belt NN 32282 221 35 driven drive VBN 32282 221 36 ) ) -RRB- 32282 221 37 elevator elevator NN 32282 221 38 machines machine NNS 32282 221 39 by by IN 32282 221 40 individual individual JJ 32282 221 41 motors motor NNS 32282 221 42 . . . 32282 222 1 Slightly slightly RB 32282 222 2 later later RB 32282 222 3 came come VBD 32282 222 4 another another DT 32282 222 5 application application NN 32282 222 6 of of IN 32282 222 7 the the DT 32282 222 8 " " `` 32282 222 9 conversion conversion NN 32282 222 10 " " '' 32282 222 11 type type NN 32282 222 12 . . . 32282 223 1 This this DT 32282 223 2 was be VBD 32282 223 3 the the DT 32282 223 4 simple simple JJ 32282 223 5 substitution substitution NN 32282 223 6 of of IN 32282 223 7 electrically electrically RB 32282 223 8 driven drive VBN 32282 223 9 pumps pump NNS 32282 223 10 ( ( -LRB- 32282 223 11 fig fig NN 32282 223 12 . . . 32282 224 1 21 21 LS 32282 224 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 224 3 for for IN 32282 224 4 steam steam NN 32282 224 5 pumps pump NNS 32282 224 6 in in IN 32282 224 7 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 224 8 installations installation NNS 32282 224 9 . . . 32282 225 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 225 2 will will MD 32282 225 3 be be VB 32282 225 4 recalled recall VBN 32282 225 5 that that IN 32282 225 6 pumps pump NNS 32282 225 7 were be VBD 32282 225 8 necessary necessary JJ 32282 225 9 in in IN 32282 225 10 cases case NNS 32282 225 11 where where WRB 32282 225 12 water water NN 32282 225 13 main main JJ 32282 225 14 pressure pressure NN 32282 225 15 was be VBD 32282 225 16 insufficient insufficient JJ 32282 225 17 to to TO 32282 225 18 operate operate VB 32282 225 19 the the DT 32282 225 20 elevator elevator NN 32282 225 21 directly directly RB 32282 225 22 . . . 32282 226 1 In in IN 32282 226 2 both both DT 32282 226 3 of of IN 32282 226 4 these these DT 32282 226 5 cases case NNS 32282 226 6 the the DT 32282 226 7 operational operational JJ 32282 226 8 demands demand NNS 32282 226 9 on on IN 32282 226 10 the the DT 32282 226 11 motor motor NN 32282 226 12 were be VBD 32282 226 13 of of IN 32282 226 14 course course NN 32282 226 15 identical identical JJ 32282 226 16 to to IN 32282 226 17 those those DT 32282 226 18 on on IN 32282 226 19 the the DT 32282 226 20 prime prime JJ 32282 226 21 movers mover NNS 32282 226 22 which which WDT 32282 226 23 they -PRON- PRP 32282 226 24 replaced replace VBD 32282 226 25 ; ; : 32282 226 26 no no DT 32282 226 27 reversal reversal NN 32282 226 28 of of IN 32282 226 29 direction direction NN 32282 226 30 was be VBD 32282 226 31 necessary necessary JJ 32282 226 32 , , , 32282 226 33 the the DT 32282 226 34 speed speed NN 32282 226 35 was be VBD 32282 226 36 constant constant JJ 32282 226 37 , , , 32282 226 38 and and CC 32282 226 39 the the DT 32282 226 40 load load NN 32282 226 41 was be VBD 32282 226 42 nearly nearly RB 32282 226 43 constant constant JJ 32282 226 44 . . . 32282 227 1 Furthermore furthermore RB 32282 227 2 , , , 32282 227 3 the the DT 32282 227 4 load load NN 32282 227 5 could could MD 32282 227 6 be be VB 32282 227 7 applied apply VBN 32282 227 8 to to IN 32282 227 9 the the DT 32282 227 10 motor motor NN 32282 227 11 gradually gradually RB 32282 227 12 through through IN 32282 227 13 automatic automatic JJ 32282 227 14 relief relief NN 32282 227 15 valves valve NNS 32282 227 16 on on IN 32282 227 17 the the DT 32282 227 18 pump pump NN 32282 227 19 and and CC 32282 227 20 in in IN 32282 227 21 the the DT 32282 227 22 mechanical mechanical JJ 32282 227 23 machines machine NNS 32282 227 24 by by IN 32282 227 25 slippage slippage NN 32282 227 26 as as IN 32282 227 27 the the DT 32282 227 28 belt belt NN 32282 227 29 was be VBD 32282 227 30 shifted shift VBN 32282 227 31 from from IN 32282 227 32 the the DT 32282 227 33 loose loose NN 32282 227 34 to to IN 32282 227 35 the the DT 32282 227 36 fast fast JJ 32282 227 37 pulleys pulley NNS 32282 227 38 . . . 32282 228 1 The the DT 32282 228 2 ultimate ultimate JJ 32282 228 3 simplicity simplicity NN 32282 228 4 in in IN 32282 228 5 control control NN 32282 228 6 resulted result VBD 32282 228 7 from from IN 32282 228 8 permitting permit VBG 32282 228 9 the the DT 32282 228 10 motor motor NN 32282 228 11 to to TO 32282 228 12 run run VB 32282 228 13 continuously continuously RB 32282 228 14 , , , 32282 228 15 drawing draw VBG 32282 228 16 current current JJ 32282 228 17 only only RB 32282 228 18 in in IN 32282 228 19 proportion proportion NN 32282 228 20 to to IN 32282 228 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 228 22 loading loading NN 32282 228 23 . . . 32282 229 1 The the DT 32282 229 2 direct direct JJ 32282 229 3 - - HYPH 32282 229 4 current current JJ 32282 229 5 motor motor NN 32282 229 6 of of IN 32282 229 7 the the DT 32282 229 8 1880 1880 CD 32282 229 9 's 's POS 32282 229 10 was be VBD 32282 229 11 easily easily RB 32282 229 12 capable capable JJ 32282 229 13 of of IN 32282 229 14 such such JJ 32282 229 15 service service NN 32282 229 16 , , , 32282 229 17 and and CC 32282 229 18 it -PRON- PRP 32282 229 19 was be VBD 32282 229 20 widely widely RB 32282 229 21 used use VBN 32282 229 22 in in IN 32282 229 23 this this DT 32282 229 24 way way NN 32282 229 25 . . . 32282 230 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 230 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 230 3 : : : 32282 230 4 Figure figure NN 32282 230 5 15.--Rope 15.--Rope NNP 32282 230 6 - - HYPH 32282 230 7 geared gear VBN 32282 230 8 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 230 9 freight freight NN 32282 230 10 elevator elevator NN 32282 230 11 using use VBG 32282 230 12 a a DT 32282 230 13 horizontal horizontal JJ 32282 230 14 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 230 15 ( ( -LRB- 32282 230 16 about about RB 32282 230 17 1883 1883 CD 32282 230 18 ) ) -RRB- 32282 230 19 . . . 32282 231 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 231 2 From from IN 32282 231 3 a a DT 32282 231 4 Lane Lane NNP 32282 231 5 & & CC 32282 231 6 Bodley Bodley NNP 32282 231 7 illustrated illustrate VBN 32282 231 8 catalog catalog NN 32282 231 9 of of IN 32282 231 10 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 231 11 elevators elevator NNS 32282 231 12 , , , 32282 231 13 Cincinnati Cincinnati NNP 32282 231 14 , , , 32282 231 15 n.d n.d NNP 32282 231 16 . . NNP 32282 231 17 ) ) -RRB- 32282 231 18 ] ] -RRB- 32282 231 19 [ [ -LRB- 32282 231 20 Illustration illustration NN 32282 231 21 : : : 32282 231 22 Figure figure VB 32282 231 23 16.--English 16.--english CD 32282 231 24 direct direct JJ 32282 231 25 plunger plung JJR 32282 231 26 hydraulic hydraulic NNP 32282 231 27 elevator elevator NN 32282 231 28 ( ( -LRB- 32282 231 29 about about RB 32282 231 30 1895 1895 CD 32282 231 31 ) ) -RRB- 32282 231 32 . . . 32282 232 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 232 2 From from IN 32282 232 3 F. F. NNP 32282 232 4 Dye Dye NNP 32282 232 5 , , , 32282 232 6 _ _ NNP 32282 232 7 Popular Popular NNP 32282 232 8 Engineering Engineering NNP 32282 232 9 _ _ NNP 32282 232 10 , , , 32282 232 11 London London NNP 32282 232 12 , , , 32282 232 13 1895 1895 CD 32282 232 14 , , , 32282 232 15 p. p. NN 32282 233 1 280 280 CD 32282 233 2 . . . 32282 233 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 233 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 234 1 Adaptation adaptation NN 32282 234 2 of of IN 32282 234 3 the the DT 32282 234 4 motor motor NN 32282 234 5 to to IN 32282 234 6 the the DT 32282 234 7 direct direct JJ 32282 234 8 drive drive NN 32282 234 9 of of IN 32282 234 10 an an DT 32282 234 11 elevator elevator NN 32282 234 12 machine machine NN 32282 234 13 was be VBD 32282 234 14 quite quite PDT 32282 234 15 another another DT 32282 234 16 matter matter NN 32282 234 17 , , , 32282 234 18 the the DT 32282 234 19 difficulties difficulty NNS 32282 234 20 being be VBG 32282 234 21 largely largely RB 32282 234 22 those those DT 32282 234 23 of of IN 32282 234 24 control control NN 32282 234 25 . . . 32282 235 1 At at IN 32282 235 2 this this DT 32282 235 3 time time NN 32282 235 4 the the DT 32282 235 5 only only JJ 32282 235 6 practical practical JJ 32282 235 7 means mean NNS 32282 235 8 of of IN 32282 235 9 starting start VBG 32282 235 10 a a DT 32282 235 11 motor motor NN 32282 235 12 under under IN 32282 235 13 load load NN 32282 235 14 was be VBD 32282 235 15 by by IN 32282 235 16 introducing introduce VBG 32282 235 17 resistance resistance NN 32282 235 18 into into IN 32282 235 19 the the DT 32282 235 20 circuit circuit NN 32282 235 21 and and CC 32282 235 22 cutting cut VBG 32282 235 23 it -PRON- PRP 32282 235 24 out out RP 32282 235 25 in in IN 32282 235 26 a a DT 32282 235 27 series series NN 32282 235 28 of of IN 32282 235 29 steps step NNS 32282 235 30 as as IN 32282 235 31 the the DT 32282 235 32 speed speed NN 32282 235 33 picked pick VBD 32282 235 34 up up RP 32282 235 35 ; ; : 32282 235 36 precisely precisely RB 32282 235 37 the the DT 32282 235 38 method method NN 32282 235 39 used use VBN 32282 235 40 to to TO 32282 235 41 start start VB 32282 235 42 traction traction NN 32282 235 43 motors motor NNS 32282 235 44 . . . 32282 236 1 In in IN 32282 236 2 the the DT 32282 236 3 early early JJ 32282 236 4 attempts attempt NNS 32282 236 5 to to TO 32282 236 6 couple couple VB 32282 236 7 the the DT 32282 236 8 motor motor NN 32282 236 9 directly directly RB 32282 236 10 to to IN 32282 236 11 the the DT 32282 236 12 winding winding NN 32282 236 13 drum drum NN 32282 236 14 through through IN 32282 236 15 worm worm NN 32282 236 16 gearing gearing NN 32282 236 17 , , , 32282 236 18 this this DT 32282 236 19 " " `` 32282 236 20 notching notch VBG 32282 236 21 up up RP 32282 236 22 " " '' 32282 236 23 was be VBD 32282 236 24 transmitted transmit VBN 32282 236 25 to to IN 32282 236 26 the the DT 32282 236 27 car car NN 32282 236 28 as as IN 32282 236 29 a a DT 32282 236 30 jerking jerking NN 32282 236 31 motion motion NN 32282 236 32 , , , 32282 236 33 disagreeable disagreeable JJ 32282 236 34 to to IN 32282 236 35 passengers passenger NNS 32282 236 36 and and CC 32282 236 37 hard hard RB 32282 236 38 on on IN 32282 236 39 machinery machinery NN 32282 236 40 . . . 32282 237 1 Furthermore furthermore RB 32282 237 2 , , , 32282 237 3 the the DT 32282 237 4 controller controller NN 32282 237 5 contacts contact NNS 32282 237 6 had have VBD 32282 237 7 a a DT 32282 237 8 short short JJ 32282 237 9 life life NN 32282 237 10 because because IN 32282 237 11 of of IN 32282 237 12 the the DT 32282 237 13 arcing arcing NN 32282 237 14 which which WDT 32282 237 15 resulted result VBD 32282 237 16 from from IN 32282 237 17 heavy heavy JJ 32282 237 18 starting starting NN 32282 237 19 currents current NNS 32282 237 20 . . . 32282 238 1 In in IN 32282 238 2 all all DT 32282 238 3 , , , 32282 238 4 such such JJ 32282 238 5 systems system NNS 32282 238 6 were be VBD 32282 238 7 unsatisfactory unsatisfactory JJ 32282 238 8 and and CC 32282 238 9 generally generally RB 32282 238 10 unreliable unreliable JJ 32282 238 11 , , , 32282 238 12 and and CC 32282 238 13 were be VBD 32282 238 14 held hold VBN 32282 238 15 in in IN 32282 238 16 disfavor disfavor NN 32282 238 17 by by IN 32282 238 18 both both DT 32282 238 19 elevator elevator NN 32282 238 20 experts expert NNS 32282 238 21 and and CC 32282 238 22 owners owner NNS 32282 238 23 . . . 32282 239 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 239 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 239 3 : : : 32282 239 4 Figure figure VB 32282 239 5 17.--Siemens 17.--siemens CD 32282 239 6 ' ' POS 32282 239 7 electric electric JJ 32282 239 8 rack rack NN 32282 239 9 - - HYPH 32282 239 10 climbing climb VBG 32282 239 11 elevator elevator NN 32282 239 12 of of IN 32282 239 13 1880 1880 CD 32282 239 14 . . . 32282 240 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 240 2 From from IN 32282 240 3 Werner Werner NNP 32282 240 4 von von NNP 32282 240 5 Siemens Siemens NNP 32282 240 6 , , , 32282 240 7 _ _ NNP 32282 240 8 Gesammelte Gesammelte NNP 32282 240 9 Abhandlungen Abhandlungen NNP 32282 240 10 und und NN 32282 240 11 Vorträge Vorträge NNP 32282 240 12 _ _ NNP 32282 240 13 , , , 32282 240 14 Berlin Berlin NNP 32282 240 15 , , , 32282 240 16 1881 1881 CD 32282 240 17 , , , 32282 240 18 pl pl NNP 32282 240 19 . . . 32282 241 1 5 5 CD 32282 241 2 . . . 32282 241 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 241 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 242 1 There there EX 32282 242 2 was be VBD 32282 242 3 , , , 32282 242 4 moreover moreover RB 32282 242 5 , , , 32282 242 6 little little JJ 32282 242 7 inducement inducement JJ 32282 242 8 to to TO 32282 242 9 overcome overcome VB 32282 242 10 the the DT 32282 242 11 problem problem NN 32282 242 12 of of IN 32282 242 13 control control NN 32282 242 14 and and CC 32282 242 15 other other JJ 32282 242 16 minor minor JJ 32282 242 17 problems problem NNS 32282 242 18 because because IN 32282 242 19 of of IN 32282 242 20 a a DT 32282 242 21 more more RBR 32282 242 22 serious serious JJ 32282 242 23 difficulty difficulty NN 32282 242 24 which which WDT 32282 242 25 had have VBD 32282 242 26 persisted persist VBN 32282 242 27 since since IN 32282 242 28 the the DT 32282 242 29 days day NNS 32282 242 30 of of IN 32282 242 31 steam steam NN 32282 242 32 . . . 32282 243 1 This this DT 32282 243 2 was be VBD 32282 243 3 the the DT 32282 243 4 matter matter NN 32282 243 5 of of IN 32282 243 6 the the DT 32282 243 7 drum drum NN 32282 243 8 and and CC 32282 243 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 243 10 attendant attendant JJ 32282 243 11 limitations limitation NNS 32282 243 12 . . . 32282 244 1 The the DT 32282 244 2 motor motor NN 32282 244 3 's 's POS 32282 244 4 action action NN 32282 244 5 being be VBG 32282 244 6 rotatory rotatory JJ 32282 244 7 , , , 32282 244 8 the the DT 32282 244 9 winding winding NN 32282 244 10 drum drum NN 32282 244 11 was be VBD 32282 244 12 the the DT 32282 244 13 only only JJ 32282 244 14 practical practical JJ 32282 244 15 way way NN 32282 244 16 in in IN 32282 244 17 which which WDT 32282 244 18 to to TO 32282 244 19 apply apply VB 32282 244 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 244 21 motive motive JJ 32282 244 22 power power NN 32282 244 23 to to IN 32282 244 24 hoisting hoist VBG 32282 244 25 . . . 32282 245 1 This this DT 32282 245 2 single single JJ 32282 245 3 fact fact NN 32282 245 4 shut shut VBD 32282 245 5 electricity electricity NN 32282 245 6 almost almost RB 32282 245 7 completely completely RB 32282 245 8 out out IN 32282 245 9 of of IN 32282 245 10 any any DT 32282 245 11 large large JJ 32282 245 12 - - HYPH 32282 245 13 scale scale NN 32282 245 14 elevator elevator NN 32282 245 15 business business NN 32282 245 16 until until IN 32282 245 17 after after IN 32282 245 18 the the DT 32282 245 19 turn turn NN 32282 245 20 of of IN 32282 245 21 the the DT 32282 245 22 century century NN 32282 245 23 . . . 32282 246 1 True true JJ 32282 246 2 , , , 32282 246 3 there there EX 32282 246 4 was be VBD 32282 246 5 a a DT 32282 246 6 certain certain JJ 32282 246 7 amount amount NN 32282 246 8 of of IN 32282 246 9 development development NN 32282 246 10 , , , 32282 246 11 after after IN 32282 246 12 about about RB 32282 246 13 1887 1887 CD 32282 246 14 , , , 32282 246 15 of of IN 32282 246 16 the the DT 32282 246 17 electric electric JJ 32282 246 18 worm worm NN 32282 246 19 - - HYPH 32282 246 20 drive drive NN 32282 246 21 drum drum NN 32282 246 22 machine machine NN 32282 246 23 for for IN 32282 246 24 slow slow JJ 32282 246 25 - - HYPH 32282 246 26 speed speed NN 32282 246 27 , , , 32282 246 28 low low JJ 32282 246 29 - - HYPH 32282 246 30 rise rise NN 32282 246 31 service service NN 32282 246 32 ( ( -LRB- 32282 246 33 fig fig NN 32282 246 34 . . . 32282 247 1 19 19 CD 32282 247 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 247 3 . . . 32282 248 1 But but CC 32282 248 2 the the DT 32282 248 3 first first JJ 32282 248 4 installation installation NN 32282 248 5 of of IN 32282 248 6 this this DT 32282 248 7 type type NN 32282 248 8 that that WDT 32282 248 9 was be VBD 32282 248 10 considered consider VBN 32282 248 11 practically practically RB 32282 248 12 successful successful JJ 32282 248 13 -- -- : 32282 248 14 in in IN 32282 248 15 that that IN 32282 248 16 it -PRON- PRP 32282 248 17 was be VBD 32282 248 18 in in IN 32282 248 19 continuous continuous JJ 32282 248 20 use use NN 32282 248 21 for for IN 32282 248 22 a a DT 32282 248 23 long long JJ 32282 248 24 period period NN 32282 248 25 -- -- : 32282 248 26 was be VBD 32282 248 27 not not RB 32282 248 28 made make VBN 32282 248 29 until until IN 32282 248 30 1889,[7 1889,[7 CD 32282 248 31 ] ] -RRB- 32282 248 32 the the DT 32282 248 33 year year NN 32282 248 34 in in IN 32282 248 35 which which WDT 32282 248 36 the the DT 32282 248 37 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 248 38 Tower Tower NNP 32282 248 39 was be VBD 32282 248 40 completed complete VBN 32282 248 41 . . . 32282 249 1 Pertinent pertinent NN 32282 249 2 is be VBZ 32282 249 3 the the DT 32282 249 4 one one CD 32282 249 5 nearly nearly RB 32282 249 6 successful successful JJ 32282 249 7 attempt attempt NN 32282 249 8 which which WDT 32282 249 9 was be VBD 32282 249 10 made make VBN 32282 249 11 to to TO 32282 249 12 approach approach VB 32282 249 13 the the DT 32282 249 14 high high JJ 32282 249 15 - - HYPH 32282 249 16 rise rise NN 32282 249 17 problem problem NN 32282 249 18 electrically electrically RB 32282 249 19 . . . 32282 250 1 In in IN 32282 250 2 1888 1888 CD 32282 250 3 , , , 32282 250 4 Charles Charles NNP 32282 250 5 R. R. NNP 32282 250 6 Pratt Pratt NNP 32282 250 7 , , , 32282 250 8 an an DT 32282 250 9 elevator elevator NN 32282 250 10 engineer engineer NN 32282 250 11 of of IN 32282 250 12 Montclair Montclair NNP 32282 250 13 , , , 32282 250 14 New New NNP 32282 250 15 Jersey Jersey NNP 32282 250 16 , , , 32282 250 17 invented invent VBD 32282 250 18 a a DT 32282 250 19 machine machine NN 32282 250 20 based base VBN 32282 250 21 on on IN 32282 250 22 the the DT 32282 250 23 horizontal horizontal JJ 32282 250 24 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 250 25 rope rope NN 32282 250 26 - - HYPH 32282 250 27 geared gear VBN 32282 250 28 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 250 29 elevator elevator NN 32282 250 30 , , , 32282 250 31 in in IN 32282 250 32 which which WDT 32282 250 33 the the DT 32282 250 34 two two CD 32282 250 35 sets set NNS 32282 250 36 of of IN 32282 250 37 sheaves sheaf NNS 32282 250 38 were be VBD 32282 250 39 drawn draw VBN 32282 250 40 apart apart RB 32282 250 41 by by IN 32282 250 42 a a DT 32282 250 43 screw screw NN 32282 250 44 and and CC 32282 250 45 traveling travel VBG 32282 250 46 nut nut NNP 32282 250 47 . . . 32282 251 1 The the DT 32282 251 2 screw screw NN 32282 251 3 was be VBD 32282 251 4 revolved revolve VBN 32282 251 5 directly directly RB 32282 251 6 by by IN 32282 251 7 a a DT 32282 251 8 Sprague Sprague NNP 32282 251 9 motor motor NN 32282 251 10 , , , 32282 251 11 the the DT 32282 251 12 system system NN 32282 251 13 being be VBG 32282 251 14 known know VBN 32282 251 15 as as IN 32282 251 16 the the DT 32282 251 17 Sprague Sprague NNP 32282 251 18 - - HYPH 32282 251 19 Pratt Pratt NNP 32282 251 20 . . . 32282 252 1 While while IN 32282 252 2 a a DT 32282 252 3 number number NN 32282 252 4 of of IN 32282 252 5 installations installation NNS 32282 252 6 were be VBD 32282 252 7 made make VBN 32282 252 8 , , , 32282 252 9 the the DT 32282 252 10 machine machine NN 32282 252 11 was be VBD 32282 252 12 subject subject JJ 32282 252 13 to to IN 32282 252 14 several several JJ 32282 252 15 serious serious JJ 32282 252 16 mechanical mechanical JJ 32282 252 17 faults fault NNS 32282 252 18 and and CC 32282 252 19 passed pass VBD 32282 252 20 out out IN 32282 252 21 of of IN 32282 252 22 use use NN 32282 252 23 around around IN 32282 252 24 1900 1900 CD 32282 252 25 . . . 32282 253 1 Generally generally RB 32282 253 2 , , , 32282 253 3 electricity electricity NN 32282 253 4 as as IN 32282 253 5 a a DT 32282 253 6 practical practical JJ 32282 253 7 workable workable JJ 32282 253 8 power power NN 32282 253 9 for for IN 32282 253 10 elevators elevator NNS 32282 253 11 seemed seem VBD 32282 253 12 to to TO 32282 253 13 hold hold VB 32282 253 14 little little JJ 32282 253 15 promise promise NN 32282 253 16 in in IN 32282 253 17 1888 1888 CD 32282 253 18 . . . 32282 254 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 254 2 8 8 CD 32282 254 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 254 4 [ [ -LRB- 32282 254 5 Illustration illustration NN 32282 254 6 : : : 32282 254 7 Figure figure NN 32282 254 8 18.--Motor 18.--motor NN 32282 254 9 and and CC 32282 254 10 drive drive VB 32282 254 11 mechanism mechanism NN 32282 254 12 of of IN 32282 254 13 Siemens Siemens NNP 32282 254 14 ' ' POS 32282 254 15 elevator elevator NN 32282 254 16 . . . 32282 255 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 255 2 From from IN 32282 255 3 Alfred Alfred NNP 32282 255 4 R. R. NNP 32282 255 5 Urbanitzky Urbanitzky NNP 32282 255 6 , , , 32282 255 7 _ _ NNP 32282 255 8 Electricity Electricity NNP 32282 255 9 in in IN 32282 255 10 the the DT 32282 255 11 Service Service NNP 32282 255 12 of of IN 32282 255 13 Man Man NNP 32282 255 14 _ _ NNP 32282 255 15 , , , 32282 255 16 London London NNP 32282 255 17 , , , 32282 255 18 1886 1886 CD 32282 255 19 , , , 32282 255 20 p. p. NN 32282 256 1 646 646 CD 32282 256 2 . . . 32282 256 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 256 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 257 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 257 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 257 3 : : : 32282 257 4 _ _ NNP 32282 257 5 Morse Morse NNP 32282 257 6 , , , 32282 257 7 Williams Williams NNP 32282 257 8 & & CC 32282 257 9 Co. Co. NNP 32282 257 10 _ _ NNP 32282 257 11 , , , 32282 257 12 BUILDERS BUILDERS NNPS 32282 257 13 OF of IN 32282 257 14 PASSENGER PASSENGER NNP 32282 257 15 AND and CC 32282 257 16 FREIGHT FREIGHT NNP 32282 257 17 ELEVATORS elevator NNS 32282 257 18 . . . 32282 258 1 ELECTRIC ELECTRIC NNP 32282 258 2 ELEVATOR ELEVATOR NNP 32282 258 3 . . . 32282 259 1 Write write VB 32282 259 2 us -PRON- PRP 32282 259 3 for for IN 32282 259 4 Circulars Circulars NNPS 32282 259 5 and and CC 32282 259 6 Prices Prices NNPS 32282 259 7 . . . 32282 260 1 Main Main NNP 32282 260 2 Office Office NNP 32282 260 3 and and CC 32282 260 4 Works Works NNP 32282 260 5 , , , 32282 260 6 1105 1105 CD 32282 260 7 Frankford Frankford NNP 32282 260 8 Avenue Avenue NNP 32282 260 9 , , , 32282 260 10 PHILADELPHIA PHILADELPHIA NNP 32282 260 11 . . . 32282 261 1 New New NNP 32282 261 2 York York NNP 32282 261 3 Office Office NNP 32282 261 4 , , , 32282 261 5 108 108 CD 32282 261 6 Liberty Liberty NNP 32282 261 7 Street Street NNP 32282 261 8 . . . 32282 262 1 New New NNP 32282 262 2 Haven Haven NNP 32282 262 3 " " '' 32282 262 4 82 82 CD 32282 262 5 Church Church NNP 32282 262 6 Street Street NNP 32282 262 7 . . . 32282 263 1 Pittsburg Pittsburg NNP 32282 263 2 " " `` 32282 263 3 413 413 CD 32282 263 4 Fourth Fourth NNP 32282 263 5 Avenue Avenue NNP 32282 263 6 . . . 32282 264 1 Boston Boston NNP 32282 264 2 Office Office NNP 32282 264 3 19 19 CD 32282 264 4 Pearl Pearl NNP 32282 264 5 Street Street NNP 32282 264 6 . . . 32282 265 1 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 32282 265 2 " " `` 32282 265 3 Builders Builders NNPS 32282 265 4 ' ' POS 32282 265 5 Exchange Exchange NNP 32282 265 6 . . . 32282 266 1 Scranton Scranton NNP 32282 266 2 " " `` 32282 266 3 425 425 CD 32282 266 4 Spruce Spruce NNP 32282 266 5 Street Street NNP 32282 266 6 . . . 32282 267 1 Figure figure NN 32282 267 2 19.--The 19.--the CD 32282 267 3 electric electric JJ 32282 267 4 elevator elevator NN 32282 267 5 in in IN 32282 267 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 267 7 earliest early JJS 32282 267 8 commercial commercial JJ 32282 267 9 form form NN 32282 267 10 ( ( -LRB- 32282 267 11 1891 1891 CD 32282 267 12 ) ) -RRB- 32282 267 13 , , , 32282 267 14 with with IN 32282 267 15 the the DT 32282 267 16 motor motor NN 32282 267 17 connected connect VBN 32282 267 18 directly directly RB 32282 267 19 to to IN 32282 267 20 the the DT 32282 267 21 load load NN 32282 267 22 . . . 32282 268 1 By by IN 32282 268 2 this this DT 32282 268 3 time time NN 32282 268 4 , , , 32282 268 5 incandescent incandescent NN 32282 268 6 lighting lighting NN 32282 268 7 circuits circuit NNS 32282 268 8 in in IN 32282 268 9 large large JJ 32282 268 10 cities city NNS 32282 268 11 were be VBD 32282 268 12 sufficiently sufficiently RB 32282 268 13 extensive extensive JJ 32282 268 14 to to TO 32282 268 15 make make VB 32282 268 16 such such JJ 32282 268 17 installations installation NNS 32282 268 18 practical practical JJ 32282 268 19 . . . 32282 269 1 However however RB 32282 269 2 , , , 32282 269 3 capacity capacity NN 32282 269 4 and and CC 32282 269 5 lift lift NN 32282 269 6 were be VBD 32282 269 7 severely severely RB 32282 269 8 limited limit VBN 32282 269 9 by by IN 32282 269 10 weaknesses weakness NNS 32282 269 11 of of IN 32282 269 12 the the DT 32282 269 13 control control NN 32282 269 14 system system NN 32282 269 15 and and CC 32282 269 16 the the DT 32282 269 17 necessity necessity NN 32282 269 18 of of IN 32282 269 19 using use VBG 32282 269 20 a a DT 32282 269 21 drum drum NN 32282 269 22 . . . 32282 270 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 270 2 From from IN 32282 270 3 _ _ NNP 32282 270 4 Electrical Electrical NNP 32282 270 5 World World NNP 32282 270 6 _ _ NNP 32282 270 7 , , , 32282 270 8 Jan. January NNP 32282 270 9 2 2 CD 32282 270 10 , , , 32282 270 11 1897 1897 CD 32282 270 12 , , , 32282 270 13 vol vol NNP 32282 270 14 . . . 32282 271 1 20 20 CD 32282 271 2 , , , 32282 271 3 p. p. NN 32282 272 1 xcvii xcvii NNP 32282 272 2 . . . 32282 272 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 272 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 273 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 273 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 273 3 : : : 32282 273 4 MILLER MILLER NNP 32282 273 5 'S 's POS 32282 273 6 PATENT patent NN 32282 273 7 LIFE life NN 32282 273 8 AND and CC 32282 273 9 LABOR LABOR NNP 32282 273 10 - - HYPH 32282 273 11 SAVING saving NN 32282 273 12 SCREW screw NN 32282 273 13 HOISTING HOISTING NNP 32282 273 14 MACHINE MACHINE NNP 32282 273 15 , , , 32282 273 16 FOR for IN 32282 273 17 THE the DT 32282 273 18 USE USE NNP 32282 273 19 OF of IN 32282 273 20 Stores Stores NNPS 32282 273 21 , , , 32282 273 22 Hotels Hotels NNPS 32282 273 23 , , , 32282 273 24 Warehouses Warehouses NNP 32282 273 25 , , , 32282 273 26 Factories Factories NNPS 32282 273 27 , , , 32282 273 28 Sugar Sugar NNP 32282 273 29 Refineries Refineries NNP 32282 273 30 , , , 32282 273 31 Packing Packing NNP 32282 273 32 Houses Houses NNP 32282 273 33 , , , 32282 273 34 Mills Mills NNPS 32282 273 35 , , , 32282 273 36 Docks Docks NNPS 32282 273 37 , , , 32282 273 38 Mines Mines NNP 32282 273 39 , , , 32282 273 40 & & CC 32282 273 41 c. c. NNP 32282 273 42 MANUFACTURED MANUFACTURED NNP 32282 273 43 BY by IN 32282 273 44 CAMPBELL CAMPBELL NNP 32282 273 45 , , , 32282 273 46 WHITTIER WHITTIER NNP 32282 273 47 & & CC 32282 273 48 CO CO NNP 32282 273 49 . . NNP 32282 273 50 , , , 32282 273 51 ROXBURY ROXBURY NNP 32282 273 52 , , , 32282 273 53 MASS MASS NNP 32282 273 54 . . . 32282 274 1 _ _ NNP 32282 274 2 Sole Sole NNP 32282 274 3 Agents Agents NNP 32282 274 4 for for IN 32282 274 5 the the DT 32282 274 6 New New NNP 32282 274 7 England England NNP 32282 274 8 States States NNP 32282 274 9 . . . 32282 274 10 _ _ NNP 32282 274 11 The the DT 32282 274 12 above above JJ 32282 274 13 Engraving engraving NN 32282 274 14 illustrates illustrate VBZ 32282 274 15 a a DT 32282 274 16 very very RB 32282 274 17 superior superior JJ 32282 274 18 Hoisting Hoisting NNP 32282 274 19 Machine Machine NNP 32282 274 20 , , , 32282 274 21 designed design VBN 32282 274 22 for for IN 32282 274 23 _ _ NNP 32282 274 24 Store Store NNP 32282 274 25 and and CC 32282 274 26 Warehouse Warehouse NNP 32282 274 27 Hoisting Hoisting NNP 32282 274 28 _ _ NNP 32282 274 29 . . . 32282 275 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 275 2 is be VBZ 32282 275 3 very very RB 32282 275 4 simple simple JJ 32282 275 5 in in IN 32282 275 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 275 7 construction construction NN 32282 275 8 , , , 32282 275 9 compact compact JJ 32282 275 10 , , , 32282 275 11 durable durable JJ 32282 275 12 , , , 32282 275 13 and and CC 32282 275 14 not not RB 32282 275 15 liable liable JJ 32282 275 16 to to TO 32282 275 17 get get VB 32282 275 18 out out IN 32282 275 19 of of IN 32282 275 20 order order NN 32282 275 21 . . . 32282 276 1 An an DT 32282 276 2 examination examination NN 32282 276 3 of of IN 32282 276 4 the the DT 32282 276 5 Engraving engraving NN 32282 276 6 will will MD 32282 276 7 convince convince VB 32282 276 8 any any DT 32282 276 9 one one NN 32282 276 10 who who WP 32282 276 11 has have VBZ 32282 276 12 any any DT 32282 276 13 knowledge knowledge NN 32282 276 14 of of IN 32282 276 15 Machinery Machinery NNP 32282 276 16 , , , 32282 276 17 that that IN 32282 276 18 the the DT 32282 276 19 screw screw NN 32282 276 20 is be VBZ 32282 276 21 the the DT 32282 276 22 only only JJ 32282 276 23 safe safe JJ 32282 276 24 principle principle NN 32282 276 25 on on IN 32282 276 26 which which WDT 32282 276 27 to to TO 32282 276 28 construct construct VB 32282 276 29 a a DT 32282 276 30 Hoisting hoist VBG 32282 276 31 Machine Machine NNP 32282 276 32 or or CC 32282 276 33 Elevator Elevator NNP 32282 276 34 . . . 32282 277 1 Figure figure NN 32282 277 2 20.--Advertisement 20.--advertisement CD 32282 277 3 for for IN 32282 277 4 the the DT 32282 277 5 Miller Miller NNP 32282 277 6 screw screw NN 32282 277 7 - - HYPH 32282 277 8 hoisting hoist VBG 32282 277 9 machine machine NN 32282 277 10 , , , 32282 277 11 about about RB 32282 277 12 1867 1867 CD 32282 277 13 ( ( -LRB- 32282 277 14 see see VB 32282 277 15 p. p. NN 32282 277 16 23 23 CD 32282 277 17 ) ) -RRB- 32282 277 18 . . . 32282 278 1 From from IN 32282 278 2 flyer flyer NN 32282 278 3 in in IN 32282 278 4 the the DT 32282 278 5 United United NNP 32282 278 6 States States NNP 32282 278 7 National National NNP 32282 278 8 Museum Museum NNP 32282 278 9 . . . 32282 278 10 ] ] -RRB- 32282 279 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 279 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 279 3 : : : 32282 279 4 Figure figure NN 32282 279 5 21.--The 21.--the CD 32282 279 6 first first JJ 32282 279 7 widespread widespread JJ 32282 279 8 use use NN 32282 279 9 of of IN 32282 279 10 electricity electricity NN 32282 279 11 in in IN 32282 279 12 the the DT 32282 279 13 elevator elevator NN 32282 279 14 field field NN 32282 279 15 was be VBD 32282 279 16 to to TO 32282 279 17 drive drive VB 32282 279 18 belt belt NN 32282 279 19 - - HYPH 32282 279 20 type type NN 32282 279 21 mechanical mechanical JJ 32282 279 22 machines machine NNS 32282 279 23 and and CC 32282 279 24 the the DT 32282 279 25 pumps pump NNS 32282 279 26 of of IN 32282 279 27 hydraulic hydraulic NNP 32282 279 28 systems systems NNPS 32282 279 29 ( ( -LRB- 32282 279 30 see see VB 32282 279 31 p. p. NN 32282 279 32 14 14 CD 32282 279 33 ) ) -RRB- 32282 279 34 as as IN 32282 279 35 shown show VBN 32282 279 36 here here RB 32282 279 37 . . . 32282 280 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 280 2 From from IN 32282 280 3 _ _ NNP 32282 280 4 Electrical Electrical NNP 32282 280 5 World World NNP 32282 280 6 _ _ NNP 32282 280 7 , , , 32282 280 8 Jan. January NNP 32282 280 9 4 4 CD 32282 280 10 , , , 32282 280 11 1890 1890 CD 32282 280 12 , , , 32282 280 13 vol vol NNP 32282 280 14 . . . 32282 281 1 15 15 CD 32282 281 2 , , , 32282 281 3 p. p. NN 32282 282 1 4 4 LS 32282 282 2 . . . 32282 282 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 282 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 283 1 The the DT 32282 283 2 Tower Tower NNP 32282 283 3 's 's POS 32282 283 4 Elevators Elevators NNPS 32282 283 5 A a DT 32282 283 6 great great JJ 32282 283 7 part part NN 32282 283 8 of of IN 32282 283 9 the the DT 32282 283 10 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 283 11 Tower Tower NNP 32282 283 12 's 's POS 32282 283 13 worth worth NN 32282 283 14 and and CC 32282 283 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 283 16 _ _ NNP 32282 283 17 raison raison NNP 32282 283 18 d'être d'être NNP 32282 283 19 _ _ NNP 32282 283 20 lay lie VBD 32282 283 21 in in IN 32282 283 22 the the DT 32282 283 23 overwhelming overwhelming JJ 32282 283 24 visual visual JJ 32282 283 25 power power NN 32282 283 26 by by IN 32282 283 27 which which WDT 32282 283 28 it -PRON- PRP 32282 283 29 was be VBD 32282 283 30 to to TO 32282 283 31 symbolize symbolize VB 32282 283 32 to to IN 32282 283 33 a a DT 32282 283 34 world world NN 32282 283 35 audience audience NN 32282 283 36 the the DT 32282 283 37 scientific scientific JJ 32282 283 38 , , , 32282 283 39 artistic artistic JJ 32282 283 40 , , , 32282 283 41 and and CC 32282 283 42 , , , 32282 283 43 above above IN 32282 283 44 all all DT 32282 283 45 , , , 32282 283 46 the the DT 32282 283 47 technical technical JJ 32282 283 48 achievements achievement NNS 32282 283 49 of of IN 32282 283 50 the the DT 32282 283 51 French French NNP 32282 283 52 Republic Republic NNP 32282 283 53 . . . 32282 284 1 Another another DT 32282 284 2 consideration consideration NN 32282 284 3 , , , 32282 284 4 in in IN 32282 284 5 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 284 6 's 's POS 32282 284 7 opinion opinion NN 32282 284 8 , , , 32282 284 9 was be VBD 32282 284 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 284 11 great great JJ 32282 284 12 potential potential JJ 32282 284 13 value value NN 32282 284 14 as as IN 32282 284 15 a a DT 32282 284 16 scientific scientific JJ 32282 284 17 observatory observatory NN 32282 284 18 . . . 32282 285 1 At at IN 32282 285 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 285 3 summit summit NN 32282 285 4 grand grand JJ 32282 285 5 experiments experiment NNS 32282 285 6 and and CC 32282 285 7 observations observation NNS 32282 285 8 would would MD 32282 285 9 be be VB 32282 285 10 possible possible JJ 32282 285 11 in in IN 32282 285 12 such such JJ 32282 285 13 fields field NNS 32282 285 14 as as IN 32282 285 15 meteorology meteorology NN 32282 285 16 and and CC 32282 285 17 astronomy astronomy NN 32282 285 18 . . . 32282 286 1 In in IN 32282 286 2 this this DT 32282 286 3 respect respect NN 32282 286 4 it -PRON- PRP 32282 286 5 was be VBD 32282 286 6 welcomed welcome VBN 32282 286 7 as as IN 32282 286 8 a a DT 32282 286 9 tremendous tremendous JJ 32282 286 10 improvement improvement NN 32282 286 11 over over IN 32282 286 12 the the DT 32282 286 13 balloon balloon NN 32282 286 14 and and CC 32282 286 15 steam steam NN 32282 286 16 winch winch NN 32282 286 17 that that WDT 32282 286 18 had have VBD 32282 286 19 been be VBN 32282 286 20 featured feature VBN 32282 286 21 in in IN 32282 286 22 this this DT 32282 286 23 service service NN 32282 286 24 at at IN 32282 286 25 the the DT 32282 286 26 1878 1878 CD 32282 286 27 Paris Paris NNP 32282 286 28 exposition exposition NN 32282 286 29 . . . 32282 287 1 Experiments experiment NNS 32282 287 2 were be VBD 32282 287 3 also also RB 32282 287 4 to to TO 32282 287 5 be be VB 32282 287 6 conducted conduct VBN 32282 287 7 on on IN 32282 287 8 the the DT 32282 287 9 electrical electrical JJ 32282 287 10 illumination illumination NN 32282 287 11 of of IN 32282 287 12 cities city NNS 32282 287 13 from from IN 32282 287 14 great great JJ 32282 287 15 heights height NNS 32282 287 16 . . . 32282 288 1 The the DT 32282 288 2 great great JJ 32282 288 3 strategic strategic JJ 32282 288 4 value value NN 32282 288 5 of of IN 32282 288 6 the the DT 32282 288 7 Tower Tower NNP 32282 288 8 as as IN 32282 288 9 an an DT 32282 288 10 observation observation NN 32282 288 11 post post NN 32282 288 12 also also RB 32282 288 13 was be VBD 32282 288 14 recognized recognize VBN 32282 288 15 . . . 32282 289 1 But but CC 32282 289 2 from from IN 32282 289 3 the the DT 32282 289 4 beginning beginning NN 32282 289 5 , , , 32282 289 6 sight sight NN 32282 289 7 was be VBD 32282 289 8 never never RB 32282 289 9 lost lose VBN 32282 289 10 of of IN 32282 289 11 the the DT 32282 289 12 structure structure NN 32282 289 13 's 's POS 32282 289 14 great great JJ 32282 289 15 value value NN 32282 289 16 as as IN 32282 289 17 an an DT 32282 289 18 unprecedented unprecedented JJ 32282 289 19 public public JJ 32282 289 20 attraction attraction NN 32282 289 21 , , , 32282 289 22 and and CC 32282 289 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 289 24 systematic systematic JJ 32282 289 25 exploitation exploitation NN 32282 289 26 in in IN 32282 289 27 this this DT 32282 289 28 manner manner NN 32282 289 29 played play VBD 32282 289 30 a a DT 32282 289 31 part part NN 32282 289 32 in in IN 32282 289 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 289 34 planning planning NN 32282 289 35 , , , 32282 289 36 second second JJ 32282 289 37 perhaps perhaps RB 32282 289 38 only only RB 32282 289 39 to to IN 32282 289 40 the the DT 32282 289 41 basic basic JJ 32282 289 42 design design NN 32282 289 43 . . . 32282 290 1 The the DT 32282 290 2 conveyance conveyance NN 32282 290 3 of of IN 32282 290 4 multitudes multitude NNS 32282 290 5 of of IN 32282 290 6 visitors visitor NNS 32282 290 7 to to IN 32282 290 8 the the DT 32282 290 9 Tower Tower NNP 32282 290 10 's 's POS 32282 290 11 first first JJ 32282 290 12 or or CC 32282 290 13 main main JJ 32282 290 14 platform platform NN 32282 290 15 and and CC 32282 290 16 a a DT 32282 290 17 somewhat somewhat RB 32282 290 18 lesser less JJR 32282 290 19 number number NN 32282 290 20 to to IN 32282 290 21 the the DT 32282 290 22 summit summit NN 32282 290 23 was be VBD 32282 290 24 a a DT 32282 290 25 technical technical JJ 32282 290 26 problem problem NN 32282 290 27 whose whose WP$ 32282 290 28 seriousness seriousness JJ 32282 290 29 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 290 30 must must MD 32282 290 31 certainly certainly RB 32282 290 32 have have VB 32282 290 33 been be VBN 32282 290 34 aware aware JJ 32282 290 35 of of IN 32282 290 36 at at IN 32282 290 37 the the DT 32282 290 38 project project NN 32282 290 39 's 's POS 32282 290 40 onset onset NN 32282 290 41 . . . 32282 291 1 While while IN 32282 291 2 a a DT 32282 291 3 few few JJ 32282 291 4 visitors visitor NNS 32282 291 5 could could MD 32282 291 6 be be VB 32282 291 7 expected expect VBN 32282 291 8 to to TO 32282 291 9 walk walk VB 32282 291 10 to to IN 32282 291 11 the the DT 32282 291 12 first first JJ 32282 291 13 or or CC 32282 291 14 possibly possibly RB 32282 291 15 second second JJ 32282 291 16 stage stage NN 32282 291 17 , , , 32282 291 18 377 377 CD 32282 291 19 feet foot NNS 32282 291 20 above above IN 32282 291 21 the the DT 32282 291 22 ground ground NN 32282 291 23 , , , 32282 291 24 the the DT 32282 291 25 main main JJ 32282 291 26 means means NN 32282 291 27 of of IN 32282 291 28 transport transport NN 32282 291 29 obviously obviously RB 32282 291 30 had have VBD 32282 291 31 to to TO 32282 291 32 be be VB 32282 291 33 elevators elevator NNS 32282 291 34 . . . 32282 292 1 Indeed indeed RB 32282 292 2 , , , 32282 292 3 the the DT 32282 292 4 two two CD 32282 292 5 aspects aspect NNS 32282 292 6 of of IN 32282 292 7 the the DT 32282 292 8 Tower Tower NNP 32282 292 9 with with IN 32282 292 10 which which WDT 32282 292 11 the the DT 32282 292 12 Exposition Exposition NNP 32282 292 13 commissioners commissioner NNS 32282 292 14 were be VBD 32282 292 15 most most RBS 32282 292 16 deeply deeply RB 32282 292 17 concerned concerned JJ 32282 292 18 were be VBD 32282 292 19 the the DT 32282 292 20 adequate adequate JJ 32282 292 21 grounding grounding NN 32282 292 22 of of IN 32282 292 23 lightning lightning NN 32282 292 24 and and CC 32282 292 25 the the DT 32282 292 26 provision provision NN 32282 292 27 of of IN 32282 292 28 a a DT 32282 292 29 reliable reliable JJ 32282 292 30 system system NN 32282 292 31 of of IN 32282 292 32 elevators elevator NNS 32282 292 33 , , , 32282 292 34 which which WDT 32282 292 35 they -PRON- PRP 32282 292 36 insisted insist VBD 32282 292 37 be be VB 32282 292 38 unconditionally unconditionally RB 32282 292 39 safe safe JJ 32282 292 40 . . . 32282 293 1 To to TO 32282 293 2 study study VB 32282 293 3 the the DT 32282 293 4 elevator elevator NN 32282 293 5 problem problem NN 32282 293 6 , , , 32282 293 7 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 293 8 retained retain VBD 32282 293 9 a a DT 32282 293 10 man man NN 32282 293 11 named name VBN 32282 293 12 Backmann Backmann NNP 32282 293 13 who who WP 32282 293 14 was be VBD 32282 293 15 considered consider VBN 32282 293 16 an an DT 32282 293 17 expert expert NN 32282 293 18 on on IN 32282 293 19 the the DT 32282 293 20 subject subject NN 32282 293 21 . . . 32282 294 1 Apparently apparently RB 32282 294 2 Backmann Backmann NNP 32282 294 3 originally originally RB 32282 294 4 was be VBD 32282 294 5 to to TO 32282 294 6 design design VB 32282 294 7 the the DT 32282 294 8 complete complete JJ 32282 294 9 system system NN 32282 294 10 , , , 32282 294 11 but but CC 32282 294 12 he -PRON- PRP 32282 294 13 was be VBD 32282 294 14 to to TO 32282 294 15 prove prove VB 32282 294 16 inadequate inadequate JJ 32282 294 17 to to IN 32282 294 18 the the DT 32282 294 19 task task NN 32282 294 20 . . . 32282 295 1 As as IN 32282 295 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 295 3 few few JJ 32282 295 4 schemes scheme NNS 32282 295 5 are be VBP 32282 295 6 studied study VBN 32282 295 7 it -PRON- PRP 32282 295 8 becomes become VBZ 32282 295 9 increasingly increasingly RB 32282 295 10 difficult difficult JJ 32282 295 11 to to TO 32282 295 12 imagine imagine VB 32282 295 13 by by IN 32282 295 14 what what WDT 32282 295 15 qualifications qualification NNS 32282 295 16 he -PRON- PRP 32282 295 17 was be VBD 32282 295 18 regarded regard VBN 32282 295 19 as as IN 32282 295 20 either either CC 32282 295 21 an an DT 32282 295 22 elevator elevator NN 32282 295 23 expert expert NN 32282 295 24 or or CC 32282 295 25 designer designer NN 32282 295 26 by by IN 32282 295 27 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 295 28 and and CC 32282 295 29 the the DT 32282 295 30 Commission Commission NNP 32282 295 31 . . . 32282 296 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 32282 296 2 proposals proposal NNS 32282 296 3 appear appear VBP 32282 296 4 , , , 32282 296 5 with with IN 32282 296 6 one one CD 32282 296 7 exception exception NN 32282 296 8 , , , 32282 296 9 to to TO 32282 296 10 have have VB 32282 296 11 been be VBN 32282 296 12 decidedly decidedly RB 32282 296 13 retrogressive retrogressive JJ 32282 296 14 , , , 32282 296 15 and and CC 32282 296 16 , , , 32282 296 17 further further RB 32282 296 18 , , , 32282 296 19 to to TO 32282 296 20 incorporate incorporate VB 32282 296 21 the the DT 32282 296 22 most most RBS 32282 296 23 undesirable undesirable JJ 32282 296 24 features feature NNS 32282 296 25 of of IN 32282 296 26 those those DT 32282 296 27 earlier early JJR 32282 296 28 systems system NNS 32282 296 29 he -PRON- PRP 32282 296 30 chose choose VBD 32282 296 31 to to TO 32282 296 32 borrow borrow VB 32282 296 33 from from IN 32282 296 34 . . . 32282 297 1 Nothing nothing NN 32282 297 2 has have VBZ 32282 297 3 been be VBN 32282 297 4 discovered discover VBN 32282 297 5 regarding regard VBG 32282 297 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 297 7 work work NN 32282 297 8 , , , 32282 297 9 if if IN 32282 297 10 any any DT 32282 297 11 , , , 32282 297 12 on on IN 32282 297 13 elevators elevator NNS 32282 297 14 for for IN 32282 297 15 the the DT 32282 297 16 lower low JJR 32282 297 17 section section NN 32282 297 18 of of IN 32282 297 19 the the DT 32282 297 20 Tower Tower NNP 32282 297 21 . . . 32282 298 1 Realizing realize VBG 32282 298 2 the the DT 32282 298 3 difficulty difficulty NN 32282 298 4 of of IN 32282 298 5 this this DT 32282 298 6 aspect aspect NN 32282 298 7 of of IN 32282 298 8 the the DT 32282 298 9 problem problem NN 32282 298 10 , , , 32282 298 11 he -PRON- PRP 32282 298 12 may may MD 32282 298 13 not not RB 32282 298 14 have have VB 32282 298 15 attempted attempt VBN 32282 298 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 298 17 solution solution NN 32282 298 18 , , , 32282 298 19 and and CC 32282 298 20 confined confine VBD 32282 298 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 298 22 work work NN 32282 298 23 to to IN 32282 298 24 the the DT 32282 298 25 upper upper JJ 32282 298 26 half half NN 32282 298 27 where where WRB 32282 298 28 the the DT 32282 298 29 structure structure NN 32282 298 30 permitted permit VBD 32282 298 31 a a DT 32282 298 32 straight straight JJ 32282 298 33 , , , 32282 298 34 vertical vertical JJ 32282 298 35 run run NN 32282 298 36 . . . 32282 299 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 299 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 299 3 : : : 32282 299 4 Figure figure VB 32282 299 5 22.--Various 22.--various CD 32282 299 6 levels level NNS 32282 299 7 of of IN 32282 299 8 the the DT 32282 299 9 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 299 10 Tower Tower NNP 32282 299 11 . . . 32282 300 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 300 2 Adapted adapt VBN 32282 300 3 from from IN 32282 300 4 Gustave Gustave NNP 32282 300 5 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 300 6 , , , 32282 300 7 _ _ NNP 32282 300 8 La La NNP 32282 300 9 Tour Tour NNP 32282 300 10 de de NNP 32282 300 11 Trois Trois NNP 32282 300 12 Cents Cents NNPS 32282 300 13 Mètres Mètres NNPS 32282 300 14 _ _ NNP 32282 300 15 , , , 32282 300 16 Paris Paris NNP 32282 300 17 , , , 32282 300 18 1900 1900 CD 32282 300 19 , , , 32282 300 20 pl pl NNP 32282 300 21 . . . 32282 301 1 1 1 LS 32282 301 2 . . . 32282 301 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 301 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 302 1 The the DT 32282 302 2 Backmann Backmann NNP 32282 302 3 design design NN 32282 302 4 for for IN 32282 302 5 the the DT 32282 302 6 upper upper JJ 32282 302 7 elevators elevator NNS 32282 302 8 was be VBD 32282 302 9 based base VBN 32282 302 10 upon upon IN 32282 302 11 a a DT 32282 302 12 principle principle NN 32282 302 13 which which WDT 32282 302 14 had have VBD 32282 302 15 been be VBN 32282 302 16 attractive attractive JJ 32282 302 17 to to IN 32282 302 18 many many JJ 32282 302 19 inventors inventor NNS 32282 302 20 in in IN 32282 302 21 the the DT 32282 302 22 mid-19th mid-19th JJ 32282 302 23 century century NN 32282 302 24 period period NN 32282 302 25 of of IN 32282 302 26 elevator elevator NN 32282 302 27 development development NN 32282 302 28 -- -- : 32282 302 29 that that DT 32282 302 30 of of IN 32282 302 31 " " `` 32282 302 32 screwing screw VBG 32282 302 33 the the DT 32282 302 34 car car NN 32282 302 35 up up RP 32282 302 36 " " '' 32282 302 37 by by IN 32282 302 38 means mean NNS 32282 302 39 of of IN 32282 302 40 a a DT 32282 302 41 threaded threaded JJ 32282 302 42 element element NN 32282 302 43 and and CC 32282 302 44 a a DT 32282 302 45 nut nut NN 32282 302 46 , , , 32282 302 47 either either DT 32282 302 48 of of IN 32282 302 49 which which WDT 32282 302 50 might may MD 32282 302 51 be be VB 32282 302 52 rotated rotate VBN 32282 302 53 and and CC 32282 302 54 the the DT 32282 302 55 other other JJ 32282 302 56 remain remain VBP 32282 302 57 stationary stationary JJ 32282 302 58 . . . 32282 303 1 The the DT 32282 303 2 analogy analogy NN 32282 303 3 to to IN 32282 303 4 a a DT 32282 303 5 nut nut NN 32282 303 6 and and CC 32282 303 7 bolt bolt NN 32282 303 8 made make VBD 32282 303 9 the the DT 32282 303 10 scheme scheme NN 32282 303 11 an an DT 32282 303 12 obvious obvious JJ 32282 303 13 one one NN 32282 303 14 at at IN 32282 303 15 that that DT 32282 303 16 early early JJ 32282 303 17 time time NN 32282 303 18 , , , 32282 303 19 but but CC 32282 303 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 303 21 inherent inherent JJ 32282 303 22 complexity complexity NN 32282 303 23 soon soon RB 32282 303 24 became become VBD 32282 303 25 equally equally RB 32282 303 26 evident evident JJ 32282 303 27 and and CC 32282 303 28 it -PRON- PRP 32282 303 29 never never RB 32282 303 30 achieved achieve VBD 32282 303 31 practical practical JJ 32282 303 32 success success NN 32282 303 33 . . . 32282 304 1 Backmann Backmann NNP 32282 304 2 projected project VBD 32282 304 3 two two CD 32282 304 4 cylindrical cylindrical JJ 32282 304 5 cars car NNS 32282 304 6 that that WDT 32282 304 7 traveled travel VBD 32282 304 8 in in IN 32282 304 9 parallel parallel JJ 32282 304 10 shafts shaft NNS 32282 304 11 and and CC 32282 304 12 balanced balance VBD 32282 304 13 one one CD 32282 304 14 another another DT 32282 304 15 from from IN 32282 304 16 opposite opposite JJ 32282 304 17 ends end NNS 32282 304 18 of of IN 32282 304 19 common common JJ 32282 304 20 cables cable NNS 32282 304 21 that that WDT 32282 304 22 passed pass VBD 32282 304 23 over over RP 32282 304 24 a a DT 32282 304 25 sheave sheave NN 32282 304 26 in in IN 32282 304 27 the the DT 32282 304 28 upperworks upperwork NNS 32282 304 29 . . . 32282 305 1 Around around IN 32282 305 2 the the DT 32282 305 3 inside inside NN 32282 305 4 of of IN 32282 305 5 each each DT 32282 305 6 shaft shaft NN 32282 305 7 extended extend VBD 32282 305 8 a a DT 32282 305 9 spiral spiral JJ 32282 305 10 track track NN 32282 305 11 upon upon IN 32282 305 12 which which WDT 32282 305 13 ran run VBD 32282 305 14 rollers roller NNS 32282 305 15 attached attach VBN 32282 305 16 to to IN 32282 305 17 revolving revolve VBG 32282 305 18 frames frame NNS 32282 305 19 underneath underneath IN 32282 305 20 the the DT 32282 305 21 cars car NNS 32282 305 22 . . . 32282 306 1 When when WRB 32282 306 2 the the DT 32282 306 3 frames frame NNS 32282 306 4 were be VBD 32282 306 5 made make VBN 32282 306 6 to to TO 32282 306 7 revolve revolve VB 32282 306 8 , , , 32282 306 9 the the DT 32282 306 10 rollers roller NNS 32282 306 11 , , , 32282 306 12 running run VBG 32282 306 13 around around IN 32282 306 14 the the DT 32282 306 15 track track NN 32282 306 16 , , , 32282 306 17 would would MD 32282 306 18 raise raise VB 32282 306 19 or or CC 32282 306 20 lower lower VB 32282 306 21 one one CD 32282 306 22 car car NN 32282 306 23 , , , 32282 306 24 the the DT 32282 306 25 other other JJ 32282 306 26 traveling traveling NN 32282 306 27 in in IN 32282 306 28 the the DT 32282 306 29 opposite opposite JJ 32282 306 30 direction direction NN 32282 306 31 ( ( -LRB- 32282 306 32 fig fig NN 32282 306 33 . . . 32282 307 1 23 23 CD 32282 307 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 307 3 . . . 32282 308 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 308 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 308 3 : : : 32282 308 4 Figure Figure NNP 32282 308 5 23.--Backmann 23.--Backmann NNP 32282 308 6 's 's POS 32282 308 7 proposed propose VBN 32282 308 8 helicoidal helicoidal JJ 32282 308 9 elevator elevator NN 32282 308 10 for for IN 32282 308 11 the the DT 32282 308 12 upper upper JJ 32282 308 13 section section NN 32282 308 14 of of IN 32282 308 15 the the DT 32282 308 16 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 308 17 Tower Tower NNP 32282 308 18 . . . 32282 309 1 The the DT 32282 309 2 cars car NNS 32282 309 3 were be VBD 32282 309 4 to to TO 32282 309 5 be be VB 32282 309 6 self self NN 32282 309 7 - - HYPH 32282 309 8 powered power VBN 32282 309 9 by by IN 32282 309 10 electric electric JJ 32282 309 11 motors motor NNS 32282 309 12 . . . 32282 310 1 Note note VB 32282 310 2 similarity similarity NN 32282 310 3 to to IN 32282 310 4 the the DT 32282 310 5 Miller Miller NNP 32282 310 6 system system NN 32282 310 7 ( ( -LRB- 32282 310 8 fig fig NN 32282 310 9 . . . 32282 311 1 20 20 CD 32282 311 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 311 3 . . . 32282 312 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 312 2 Adapted adapt VBN 32282 312 3 from from IN 32282 312 4 _ _ NNP 32282 312 5 The the DT 32282 312 6 Engineer Engineer NNP 32282 312 7 _ _ NNP 32282 312 8 ( ( -LRB- 32282 312 9 London London NNP 32282 312 10 ) ) -RRB- 32282 312 11 , , , 32282 312 12 Aug. August NNP 32282 312 13 3 3 CD 32282 312 14 , , , 32282 312 15 1888 1888 CD 32282 312 16 , , , 32282 312 17 vol vol NNP 32282 312 18 . . . 32282 313 1 66 66 CD 32282 313 2 , , , 32282 313 3 p. p. NN 32282 314 1 101 101 CD 32282 314 2 . . . 32282 314 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 314 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 315 1 In in IN 32282 315 2 the the DT 32282 315 3 plan plan NN 32282 315 4 as as IN 32282 315 5 first first RB 32282 315 6 presented present VBN 32282 315 7 , , , 32282 315 8 a a DT 32282 315 9 ground ground NN 32282 315 10 - - HYPH 32282 315 11 based base VBN 32282 315 12 steam steam NN 32282 315 13 engine engine NN 32282 315 14 drove drive VBD 32282 315 15 the the DT 32282 315 16 frames frame NNS 32282 315 17 and and CC 32282 315 18 rollers roller NNS 32282 315 19 through through IN 32282 315 20 an an DT 32282 315 21 endless endless JJ 32282 315 22 fly fly NN 32282 315 23 rope rope NN 32282 315 24 -- -- : 32282 315 25 traveling travel VBG 32282 315 26 at at IN 32282 315 27 high high JJ 32282 315 28 speed speed NN 32282 315 29 presumably presumably RB 32282 315 30 to to TO 32282 315 31 permit permit VB 32282 315 32 it -PRON- PRP 32282 315 33 to to TO 32282 315 34 be be VB 32282 315 35 of of IN 32282 315 36 small small JJ 32282 315 37 diameter diameter NN 32282 315 38 and and CC 32282 315 39 still still RB 32282 315 40 transmit transmit VB 32282 315 41 a a DT 32282 315 42 reasonable reasonable JJ 32282 315 43 amount amount NN 32282 315 44 of of IN 32282 315 45 power power NN 32282 315 46 -- -- : 32282 315 47 which which WDT 32282 315 48 engaged engage VBD 32282 315 49 pulleys pulley NNS 32282 315 50 on on IN 32282 315 51 the the DT 32282 315 52 cars car NNS 32282 315 53 . . . 32282 316 1 The the DT 32282 316 2 design design NN 32282 316 3 was be VBD 32282 316 4 remarkably remarkably RB 32282 316 5 similar similar JJ 32282 316 6 to to IN 32282 316 7 that that DT 32282 316 8 of of IN 32282 316 9 the the DT 32282 316 10 Miller Miller NNP 32282 316 11 Patent Patent NNP 32282 316 12 Screw Screw NNP 32282 316 13 Hoisting Hoisting NNP 32282 316 14 Machine Machine NNP 32282 316 15 , , , 32282 316 16 which which WDT 32282 316 17 had have VBD 32282 316 18 had have VBN 32282 316 19 a a DT 32282 316 20 brief brief JJ 32282 316 21 life life NN 32282 316 22 in in IN 32282 316 23 the the DT 32282 316 24 United United NNP 32282 316 25 States States NNP 32282 316 26 around around IN 32282 316 27 1865 1865 CD 32282 316 28 . . . 32282 317 1 The the DT 32282 317 2 Miller Miller NNP 32282 317 3 system system NN 32282 317 4 ( ( -LRB- 32282 317 5 see see VB 32282 317 6 p. p. NN 32282 317 7 19 19 CD 32282 317 8 ) ) -RRB- 32282 317 9 used use VBD 32282 317 10 a a DT 32282 317 11 flat flat JJ 32282 317 12 belt belt NN 32282 317 13 rather rather RB 32282 317 14 than than IN 32282 317 15 a a DT 32282 317 16 rope rope NN 32282 317 17 ( ( -LRB- 32282 317 18 fig fig NN 32282 317 19 . . . 32282 318 1 20 20 CD 32282 318 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 318 3 . . . 32282 319 1 This this DT 32282 319 2 plan plan NN 32282 319 3 was be VBD 32282 319 4 quickly quickly RB 32282 319 5 rejected reject VBN 32282 319 6 , , , 32282 319 7 probably probably RB 32282 319 8 because because IN 32282 319 9 of of IN 32282 319 10 anticipated anticipated JJ 32282 319 11 difficulties difficulty NNS 32282 319 12 with with IN 32282 319 13 the the DT 32282 319 14 rope rope NN 32282 319 15 transmission transmission NN 32282 319 16 . . . 32282 320 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 320 2 9 9 CD 32282 320 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 320 4 Backmann Backmann NNP 32282 320 5 's 's POS 32282 320 6 second second JJ 32282 320 7 proposal proposal NN 32282 320 8 , , , 32282 320 9 actually actually RB 32282 320 10 approved approve VBN 32282 320 11 by by IN 32282 320 12 the the DT 32282 320 13 Commission Commission NNP 32282 320 14 , , , 32282 320 15 incorporated incorporate VBD 32282 320 16 the the DT 32282 320 17 only only JJ 32282 320 18 -- -- : 32282 320 19 although although IN 32282 320 20 highly highly RB 32282 320 21 significant significant JJ 32282 320 22 -- -- : 32282 320 23 innovation innovation NN 32282 320 24 evident evident NN 32282 320 25 in in IN 32282 320 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 320 27 designs design NNS 32282 320 28 . . . 32282 321 1 For for IN 32282 321 2 the the DT 32282 321 3 rope rope NN 32282 321 4 transmission transmission NN 32282 321 5 , , , 32282 321 6 electric electric JJ 32282 321 7 motors motor NNS 32282 321 8 were be VBD 32282 321 9 substituted substitute VBN 32282 321 10 , , , 32282 321 11 one one CD 32282 321 12 in in IN 32282 321 13 each each DT 32282 321 14 car car NN 32282 321 15 to to TO 32282 321 16 drive drive VB 32282 321 17 the the DT 32282 321 18 roller roller NN 32282 321 19 frame frame NN 32282 321 20 directly directly RB 32282 321 21 . . . 32282 322 1 With with IN 32282 322 2 this this DT 32282 322 3 modification modification NN 32282 322 4 , , , 32282 322 5 the the DT 32282 322 6 plan plan NN 32282 322 7 does do VBZ 32282 322 8 not not RB 32282 322 9 seem seem VB 32282 322 10 quite quite RB 32282 322 11 as as RB 32282 322 12 unreasonable unreasonable JJ 32282 322 13 , , , 32282 322 14 and and CC 32282 322 15 would would MD 32282 322 16 probably probably RB 32282 322 17 have have VB 32282 322 18 worked work VBN 32282 322 19 . . . 32282 323 1 However however RB 32282 323 2 , , , 32282 323 3 it -PRON- PRP 32282 323 4 would would MD 32282 323 5 certainly certainly RB 32282 323 6 have have VB 32282 323 7 lacked lack VBN 32282 323 8 the the DT 32282 323 9 necessary necessary JJ 32282 323 10 durability durability NN 32282 323 11 and and CC 32282 323 12 would would MD 32282 323 13 have have VB 32282 323 14 been be VBN 32282 323 15 extremely extremely RB 32282 323 16 expensive expensive JJ 32282 323 17 . . . 32282 324 1 The the DT 32282 324 2 Commission Commission NNP 32282 324 3 discarded discard VBD 32282 324 4 the the DT 32282 324 5 whole whole JJ 32282 324 6 scheme scheme NN 32282 324 7 about about IN 32282 324 8 the the DT 32282 324 9 middle middle NN 32282 324 10 of of IN 32282 324 11 1888 1888 CD 32282 324 12 , , , 32282 324 13 giving give VBG 32282 324 14 two two CD 32282 324 15 reasons reason NNS 32282 324 16 for for IN 32282 324 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 324 18 action action NN 32282 324 19 : : : 32282 324 20 ( ( -LRB- 32282 324 21 1 1 LS 32282 324 22 ) ) -RRB- 32282 324 23 the the DT 32282 324 24 novelty novelty NN 32282 324 25 of of IN 32282 324 26 the the DT 32282 324 27 system system NN 32282 324 28 and and CC 32282 324 29 the the DT 32282 324 30 attendant attendant JJ 32282 324 31 possibility possibility NN 32282 324 32 of of IN 32282 324 33 stoppages stoppage NNS 32282 324 34 which which WDT 32282 324 35 might may MD 32282 324 36 seriously seriously RB 32282 324 37 interrupt interrupt VB 32282 324 38 the the DT 32282 324 39 " " `` 32282 324 40 exploitation exploitation NN 32282 324 41 of of IN 32282 324 42 the the DT 32282 324 43 Tower Tower NNP 32282 324 44 , , , 32282 324 45 " " '' 32282 324 46 and and CC 32282 324 47 ( ( -LRB- 32282 324 48 2 2 LS 32282 324 49 ) ) -RRB- 32282 324 50 fear fear VBP 32282 324 51 that that IN 32282 324 52 the the DT 32282 324 53 rollers roller NNS 32282 324 54 running run VBG 32282 324 55 around around IN 32282 324 56 the the DT 32282 324 57 tracks track NNS 32282 324 58 would would MD 32282 324 59 cause cause VB 32282 324 60 excessive excessive JJ 32282 324 61 noise noise NN 32282 324 62 and and CC 32282 324 63 vibration vibration NN 32282 324 64 . . . 32282 325 1 Both both DT 32282 325 2 reasons reason NNS 32282 325 3 seem seem VBP 32282 325 4 quite quite RB 32282 325 5 incredible incredible JJ 32282 325 6 when when WRB 32282 325 7 the the DT 32282 325 8 Backmann Backmann NNP 32282 325 9 system system NN 32282 325 10 is be VBZ 32282 325 11 compared compare VBN 32282 325 12 to to IN 32282 325 13 one one CD 32282 325 14 of of IN 32282 325 15 those those DT 32282 325 16 actually actually RB 32282 325 17 used use VBN 32282 325 18 -- -- : 32282 325 19 the the DT 32282 325 20 Roux Roux NNP 32282 325 21 , , , 32282 325 22 described describe VBN 32282 325 23 below below RB 32282 325 24 -- -- : 32282 325 25 which which WDT 32282 325 26 obviously obviously RB 32282 325 27 must must MD 32282 325 28 have have VB 32282 325 29 been be VBN 32282 325 30 subject subject JJ 32282 325 31 to to IN 32282 325 32 identical identical JJ 32282 325 33 failings failing NNS 32282 325 34 , , , 32282 325 35 and and CC 32282 325 36 on on IN 32282 325 37 a a DT 32282 325 38 far far RB 32282 325 39 greater great JJR 32282 325 40 scale scale NN 32282 325 41 . . . 32282 326 1 More more RBR 32282 326 2 likely likely JJ 32282 326 3 there there RB 32282 326 4 existed exist VBD 32282 326 5 an an DT 32282 326 6 unspoken unspoken JJ 32282 326 7 distrust distrust NN 32282 326 8 of of IN 32282 326 9 electric electric JJ 32282 326 10 propulsion propulsion NN 32282 326 11 . . . 32282 327 1 That that IN 32282 327 2 the the DT 32282 327 3 Backmann Backmann NNP 32282 327 4 system system NN 32282 327 5 should should MD 32282 327 6 have have VB 32282 327 7 been be VBN 32282 327 8 given give VBN 32282 327 9 serious serious JJ 32282 327 10 consideration consideration NN 32282 327 11 at at IN 32282 327 12 all all DT 32282 327 13 reflects reflect VBZ 32282 327 14 the the DT 32282 327 15 uncertainty uncertainty NN 32282 327 16 surrounding surround VBG 32282 327 17 the the DT 32282 327 18 entire entire JJ 32282 327 19 matter matter NN 32282 327 20 of of IN 32282 327 21 providing provide VBG 32282 327 22 elevator elevator NN 32282 327 23 service service NN 32282 327 24 of of IN 32282 327 25 such such JJ 32282 327 26 unusual unusual JJ 32282 327 27 nature nature NN 32282 327 28 . . . 32282 328 1 Had have VBD 32282 328 2 the the DT 32282 328 3 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 328 4 Tower Tower NNP 32282 328 5 been be VBN 32282 328 6 erected erect VBN 32282 328 7 only only RB 32282 328 8 15 15 CD 32282 328 9 years year NNS 32282 328 10 later later RB 32282 328 11 , , , 32282 328 12 the the DT 32282 328 13 situation situation NN 32282 328 14 would would MD 32282 328 15 have have VB 32282 328 16 been be VBN 32282 328 17 simply simply RB 32282 328 18 one one CD 32282 328 19 of of IN 32282 328 20 selection selection NN 32282 328 21 . . . 32282 329 1 As as IN 32282 329 2 it -PRON- PRP 32282 329 3 was be VBD 32282 329 4 , , , 32282 329 5 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 329 6 and and CC 32282 329 7 the the DT 32282 329 8 commissioners commissioner NNS 32282 329 9 were be VBD 32282 329 10 governed govern VBN 32282 329 11 not not RB 32282 329 12 by by IN 32282 329 13 what what WP 32282 329 14 they -PRON- PRP 32282 329 15 wanted want VBD 32282 329 16 but but CC 32282 329 17 largely largely RB 32282 329 18 by by IN 32282 329 19 what what WP 32282 329 20 was be VBD 32282 329 21 available available JJ 32282 329 22 . . . 32282 330 1 THE the DT 32282 330 2 OTIS OTIS NNP 32282 330 3 SYSTEM system NN 32282 330 4 The the DT 32282 330 5 curvature curvature NN 32282 330 6 of of IN 32282 330 7 the the DT 32282 330 8 Tower Tower NNP 32282 330 9 's 's POS 32282 330 10 legs leg NNS 32282 330 11 imposed impose VBD 32282 330 12 a a DT 32282 330 13 problem problem NN 32282 330 14 unique unique JJ 32282 330 15 in in IN 32282 330 16 elevator elevator NN 32282 330 17 design design NN 32282 330 18 , , , 32282 330 19 and and CC 32282 330 20 it -PRON- PRP 32282 330 21 caused cause VBD 32282 330 22 great great JJ 32282 330 23 annoyance annoyance NN 32282 330 24 to to IN 32282 330 25 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 330 26 , , , 32282 330 27 the the DT 32282 330 28 fair fair NN 32282 330 29 's 's POS 32282 330 30 Commission Commission NNP 32282 330 31 , , , 32282 330 32 and and CC 32282 330 33 all all DT 32282 330 34 others other NNS 32282 330 35 concerned concern VBD 32282 330 36 . . . 32282 331 1 Since since IN 32282 331 2 a a DT 32282 331 3 vertical vertical JJ 32282 331 4 shaftway shaftway NN 32282 331 5 anywhere anywhere RB 32282 331 6 within within IN 32282 331 7 the the DT 32282 331 8 open open JJ 32282 331 9 area area NN 32282 331 10 beneath beneath IN 32282 331 11 the the DT 32282 331 12 first first JJ 32282 331 13 platform platform NN 32282 331 14 was be VBD 32282 331 15 esthetically esthetically RB 32282 331 16 unthinkable unthinkable JJ 32282 331 17 , , , 32282 331 18 the the DT 32282 331 19 elevators elevator NNS 32282 331 20 could could MD 32282 331 21 be be VB 32282 331 22 placed place VBN 32282 331 23 only only RB 32282 331 24 in in IN 32282 331 25 the the DT 32282 331 26 inclined incline VBN 32282 331 27 legs leg NNS 32282 331 28 . . . 32282 332 1 The the DT 32282 332 2 problem problem NN 32282 332 3 of of IN 32282 332 4 reaching reach VBG 32282 332 5 the the DT 32282 332 6 first first JJ 32282 332 7 platform platform NN 32282 332 8 was be VBD 32282 332 9 not not RB 32282 332 10 serious serious JJ 32282 332 11 . . . 32282 333 1 The the DT 32282 333 2 legs leg NNS 32282 333 3 were be VBD 32282 333 4 wide wide JJ 32282 333 5 enough enough RB 32282 333 6 and and CC 32282 333 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 333 8 curvature curvature JJ 32282 333 9 so so RB 32282 333 10 slight slight JJ 32282 333 11 in in IN 32282 333 12 this this DT 32282 333 13 lower low JJR 32282 333 14 portion portion NN 32282 333 15 as as IN 32282 333 16 to to TO 32282 333 17 permit permit VB 32282 333 18 them -PRON- PRP 32282 333 19 to to TO 32282 333 20 contain contain VB 32282 333 21 a a DT 32282 333 22 straight straight JJ 32282 333 23 run run NN 32282 333 24 of of IN 32282 333 25 track track NN 32282 333 26 , , , 32282 333 27 and and CC 32282 333 28 the the DT 32282 333 29 service service NN 32282 333 30 could could MD 32282 333 31 have have VB 32282 333 32 been be VBN 32282 333 33 designed design VBN 32282 333 34 along along IN 32282 333 35 the the DT 32282 333 36 lines line NNS 32282 333 37 of of IN 32282 333 38 an an DT 32282 333 39 ordinary ordinary JJ 32282 333 40 inclined inclined JJ 32282 333 41 railway railway NN 32282 333 42 . . . 32282 334 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 334 2 was be VBD 32282 334 3 estimated estimate VBN 32282 334 4 that that IN 32282 334 5 the the DT 32282 334 6 great great JJ 32282 334 7 majority majority NN 32282 334 8 of of IN 32282 334 9 visitors visitor NNS 32282 334 10 would would MD 32282 334 11 go go VB 32282 334 12 only only RB 32282 334 13 to to IN 32282 334 14 this this DT 32282 334 15 level level NN 32282 334 16 , , , 32282 334 17 attracted attract VBN 32282 334 18 by by IN 32282 334 19 the the DT 32282 334 20 several several JJ 32282 334 21 international international JJ 32282 334 22 restaurants restaurant NNS 32282 334 23 , , , 32282 334 24 bars bar NNS 32282 334 25 and and CC 32282 334 26 other other JJ 32282 334 27 features feature NNS 32282 334 28 located locate VBN 32282 334 29 there there RB 32282 334 30 . . . 32282 335 1 Two two CD 32282 335 2 elevators elevator NNS 32282 335 3 to to TO 32282 335 4 operate operate VB 32282 335 5 only only RB 32282 335 6 that that IN 32282 335 7 far far RB 32282 335 8 were be VBD 32282 335 9 contracted contract VBN 32282 335 10 for for IN 32282 335 11 with with IN 32282 335 12 no no DT 32282 335 13 difficulty difficulty NN 32282 335 14 -- -- : 32282 335 15 one one PRP 32282 335 16 to to TO 32282 335 17 be be VB 32282 335 18 placed place VBN 32282 335 19 in in IN 32282 335 20 the the DT 32282 335 21 east east NNP 32282 335 22 leg leg NN 32282 335 23 and and CC 32282 335 24 one one CD 32282 335 25 in in IN 32282 335 26 the the DT 32282 335 27 west west NN 32282 335 28 . . . 32282 336 1 To to TO 32282 336 2 transport transport VB 32282 336 3 people people NNS 32282 336 4 to to IN 32282 336 5 the the DT 32282 336 6 second second JJ 32282 336 7 platform platform NN 32282 336 8 was be VBD 32282 336 9 an an DT 32282 336 10 altogether altogether RB 32282 336 11 different different JJ 32282 336 12 problem problem NN 32282 336 13 . . . 32282 337 1 Since since IN 32282 337 2 there there EX 32282 337 3 was be VBD 32282 337 4 to to TO 32282 337 5 be be VB 32282 337 6 a a DT 32282 337 7 single single JJ 32282 337 8 run run NN 32282 337 9 from from IN 32282 337 10 the the DT 32282 337 11 ground ground NN 32282 337 12 , , , 32282 337 13 it -PRON- PRP 32282 337 14 would would MD 32282 337 15 have have VB 32282 337 16 been be VBN 32282 337 17 necessary necessary JJ 32282 337 18 to to TO 32282 337 19 form form VB 32282 337 20 the the DT 32282 337 21 elevator elevator NN 32282 337 22 guides guide VBZ 32282 337 23 either either CC 32282 337 24 with with IN 32282 337 25 a a DT 32282 337 26 constant constant JJ 32282 337 27 curvature curvature NN 32282 337 28 , , , 32282 337 29 approximating approximate VBG 32282 337 30 that that DT 32282 337 31 of of IN 32282 337 32 the the DT 32282 337 33 legs leg NNS 32282 337 34 , , , 32282 337 35 or or CC 32282 337 36 with with IN 32282 337 37 a a DT 32282 337 38 series series NN 32282 337 39 of of IN 32282 337 40 straight straight JJ 32282 337 41 chords chord NNS 32282 337 42 connected connect VBN 32282 337 43 by by IN 32282 337 44 short short JJ 32282 337 45 segmental segmental JJ 32282 337 46 curves curve NNS 32282 337 47 of of IN 32282 337 48 small small JJ 32282 337 49 radius radius NN 32282 337 50 . . . 32282 338 1 Eiffel eiffel NN 32282 338 2 planned plan VBD 32282 338 3 initially initially RB 32282 338 4 to to TO 32282 338 5 use use VB 32282 338 6 the the DT 32282 338 7 first first JJ 32282 338 8 method method NN 32282 338 9 , , , 32282 338 10 but but CC 32282 338 11 the the DT 32282 338 12 second second JJ 32282 338 13 was be VBD 32282 338 14 adopted adopt VBN 32282 338 15 ultimately ultimately RB 32282 338 16 , , , 32282 338 17 probably probably RB 32282 338 18 as as IN 32282 338 19 being be VBG 32282 338 20 the the DT 32282 338 21 simpler simple JJR 32282 338 22 because because IN 32282 338 23 only only RB 32282 338 24 two two CD 32282 338 25 straight straight JJ 32282 338 26 lengths length NNS 32282 338 27 of of IN 32282 338 28 run run NN 32282 338 29 were be VBD 32282 338 30 found find VBN 32282 338 31 to to TO 32282 338 32 be be VB 32282 338 33 necessary necessary JJ 32282 338 34 . . . 32282 339 1 Bids bid NNS 32282 339 2 were be VBD 32282 339 3 invited invite VBN 32282 339 4 for for IN 32282 339 5 two two CD 32282 339 6 elevators elevator NNS 32282 339 7 on on IN 32282 339 8 this this DT 32282 339 9 basis basis NN 32282 339 10 -- -- : 32282 339 11 one one NN 32282 339 12 each each DT 32282 339 13 for for IN 32282 339 14 the the DT 32282 339 15 north north JJ 32282 339 16 and and CC 32282 339 17 south south JJ 32282 339 18 legs leg NNS 32282 339 19 . . . 32282 340 1 Here here RB 32282 340 2 the the DT 32282 340 3 unprecedented unprecedented JJ 32282 340 4 character character NN 32282 340 5 of of IN 32282 340 6 the the DT 32282 340 7 matter matter NN 32282 340 8 became become VBD 32282 340 9 evident evident JJ 32282 340 10 -- -- : 32282 340 11 there there EX 32282 340 12 was be VBD 32282 340 13 not not RB 32282 340 14 a a DT 32282 340 15 firm firm NN 32282 340 16 in in IN 32282 340 17 France France NNP 32282 340 18 willing willing JJ 32282 340 19 to to TO 32282 340 20 undertake undertake VB 32282 340 21 the the DT 32282 340 22 work work NN 32282 340 23 . . . 32282 341 1 The the DT 32282 341 2 American American NNP 32282 341 3 Elevator Elevator NNP 32282 341 4 Company Company NNP 32282 341 5 , , , 32282 341 6 the the DT 32282 341 7 European european JJ 32282 341 8 branch branch NN 32282 341 9 of of IN 32282 341 10 Otis Otis NNP 32282 341 11 Brothers Brothers NNPS 32282 341 12 & & CC 32282 341 13 Company Company NNP 32282 341 14 , , , 32282 341 15 did do VBD 32282 341 16 submit submit VB 32282 341 17 a a DT 32282 341 18 proposal proposal NN 32282 341 19 through through IN 32282 341 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 341 21 Paris Paris NNP 32282 341 22 office office NN 32282 341 23 , , , 32282 341 24 Otis Otis NNP 32282 341 25 Ascenseur Ascenseur NNP 32282 341 26 Cie Cie NNP 32282 341 27 . . NNP 32282 341 28 , , , 32282 341 29 but but CC 32282 341 30 the the DT 32282 341 31 Commission Commission NNP 32282 341 32 was be VBD 32282 341 33 compelled compel VBN 32282 341 34 to to TO 32282 341 35 reject reject VB 32282 341 36 it -PRON- PRP 32282 341 37 because because IN 32282 341 38 a a DT 32282 341 39 clause clause NN 32282 341 40 in in IN 32282 341 41 the the DT 32282 341 42 fair fair NN 32282 341 43 's 's POS 32282 341 44 charter charter NN 32282 341 45 prohibited prohibit VBD 32282 341 46 the the DT 32282 341 47 use use NN 32282 341 48 of of IN 32282 341 49 any any DT 32282 341 50 foreign foreign JJ 32282 341 51 material material NN 32282 341 52 in in IN 32282 341 53 the the DT 32282 341 54 construction construction NN 32282 341 55 of of IN 32282 341 56 the the DT 32282 341 57 Tower Tower NNP 32282 341 58 . . . 32282 342 1 Furthermore furthermore RB 32282 342 2 , , , 32282 342 3 there there EX 32282 342 4 was be VBD 32282 342 5 a a DT 32282 342 6 strong strong JJ 32282 342 7 prejudice prejudice NN 32282 342 8 against against IN 32282 342 9 foreign foreign JJ 32282 342 10 contractors contractor NNS 32282 342 11 , , , 32282 342 12 which which WDT 32282 342 13 , , , 32282 342 14 because because IN 32282 342 15 of of IN 32282 342 16 the the DT 32282 342 17 general general JJ 32282 342 18 background background NN 32282 342 19 of of IN 32282 342 20 disfavor disfavor NN 32282 342 21 surrounding surround VBG 32282 342 22 the the DT 32282 342 23 project project NN 32282 342 24 during during IN 32282 342 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 342 26 early early JJ 32282 342 27 stages stage NNS 32282 342 28 , , , 32282 342 29 was be VBD 32282 342 30 an an DT 32282 342 31 element element NN 32282 342 32 worth worth JJ 32282 342 33 serious serious JJ 32282 342 34 consideration consideration NN 32282 342 35 by by IN 32282 342 36 the the DT 32282 342 37 Commission Commission NNP 32282 342 38 . . . 32282 343 1 The the DT 32282 343 2 bidding bidding NN 32282 343 3 time time NN 32282 343 4 was be VBD 32282 343 5 extended extend VBN 32282 343 6 , , , 32282 343 7 and and CC 32282 343 8 many many JJ 32282 343 9 attempts attempt NNS 32282 343 10 were be VBD 32282 343 11 made make VBN 32282 343 12 to to TO 32282 343 13 attract attract VB 32282 343 14 a a DT 32282 343 15 native native JJ 32282 343 16 design design NN 32282 343 17 but but CC 32282 343 18 none none NN 32282 343 19 was be VBD 32282 343 20 forthcoming forthcoming JJ 32282 343 21 . . . 32282 344 1 As as IN 32282 344 2 time time NN 32282 344 3 grew grow VBD 32282 344 4 short short JJ 32282 344 5 , , , 32282 344 6 it -PRON- PRP 32282 344 7 became become VBD 32282 344 8 imperative imperative JJ 32282 344 9 to to TO 32282 344 10 resolve resolve VB 32282 344 11 the the DT 32282 344 12 matter matter NN 32282 344 13 , , , 32282 344 14 and and CC 32282 344 15 the the DT 32282 344 16 Commission Commission NNP 32282 344 17 , , , 32282 344 18 in in IN 32282 344 19 desperation desperation NN 32282 344 20 , , , 32282 344 21 awarded award VBD 32282 344 22 the the DT 32282 344 23 contract contract NN 32282 344 24 to to IN 32282 344 25 Otis Otis NNP 32282 344 26 in in IN 32282 344 27 July July NNP 32282 344 28 1887 1887 CD 32282 344 29 for for IN 32282 344 30 the the DT 32282 344 31 amount amount NN 32282 344 32 of of IN 32282 344 33 $ $ $ 32282 344 34 22,500 22,500 CD 32282 344 35 . . . 32282 345 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 345 2 10 10 CD 32282 345 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 345 4 A a DT 32282 345 5 curious curious JJ 32282 345 6 footnote footnote NN 32282 345 7 to to IN 32282 345 8 the the DT 32282 345 9 affair affair NN 32282 345 10 appeared appear VBD 32282 345 11 much much RB 32282 345 12 later later RB 32282 345 13 in in IN 32282 345 14 the the DT 32282 345 15 form form NN 32282 345 16 of of IN 32282 345 17 a a DT 32282 345 18 published publish VBN 32282 345 19 interview[11 interview[11 NNP 32282 345 20 ] ] -RRB- 32282 345 21 with with IN 32282 345 22 W. W. NNP 32282 345 23 Frank Frank NNP 32282 345 24 Hall Hall NNP 32282 345 25 , , , 32282 345 26 Otis Otis NNP 32282 345 27 ' ' '' 32282 345 28 Paris Paris NNP 32282 345 29 representative representative NN 32282 345 30 : : : 32282 345 31 " " `` 32282 345 32 Yes yes UH 32282 345 33 , , , 32282 345 34 " " '' 32282 345 35 said say VBD 32282 345 36 Mr. Mr. NNP 32282 345 37 Hall Hall NNP 32282 345 38 , , , 32282 345 39 " " `` 32282 345 40 this this DT 32282 345 41 is be VBZ 32282 345 42 the the DT 32282 345 43 first first JJ 32282 345 44 elevator elevator NN 32282 345 45 of of IN 32282 345 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 345 47 kind kind NN 32282 345 48 . . . 32282 346 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 32282 346 2 people people NNS 32282 346 3 for for IN 32282 346 4 thirty thirty CD 32282 346 5 - - HYPH 32282 346 6 eight eight CD 32282 346 7 years year NNS 32282 346 8 have have VBP 32282 346 9 been be VBN 32282 346 10 doing do VBG 32282 346 11 this this DT 32282 346 12 work work NN 32282 346 13 , , , 32282 346 14 and and CC 32282 346 15 have have VBP 32282 346 16 constructed construct VBN 32282 346 17 thousands thousand NNS 32282 346 18 of of IN 32282 346 19 elevators elevator NNS 32282 346 20 vertically vertically RB 32282 346 21 , , , 32282 346 22 and and CC 32282 346 23 many many JJ 32282 346 24 on on IN 32282 346 25 an an DT 32282 346 26 incline incline NN 32282 346 27 , , , 32282 346 28 but but CC 32282 346 29 never never RB 32282 346 30 one one PRP 32282 346 31 to to TO 32282 346 32 strike strike VB 32282 346 33 a a DT 32282 346 34 radius radius NN 32282 346 35 of of IN 32282 346 36 160 160 CD 32282 346 37 feet foot NNS 32282 346 38 for for IN 32282 346 39 a a DT 32282 346 40 distance distance NN 32282 346 41 of of IN 32282 346 42 over over IN 32282 346 43 50 50 CD 32282 346 44 feet foot NNS 32282 346 45 . . . 32282 347 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 347 2 has have VBZ 32282 347 3 required require VBN 32282 347 4 a a DT 32282 347 5 great great JJ 32282 347 6 amount amount NN 32282 347 7 of of IN 32282 347 8 preparatory preparatory JJ 32282 347 9 study study NN 32282 347 10 and and CC 32282 347 11 we -PRON- PRP 32282 347 12 have have VBP 32282 347 13 worked work VBN 32282 347 14 on on IN 32282 347 15 it -PRON- PRP 32282 347 16 for for IN 32282 347 17 three three CD 32282 347 18 years year NNS 32282 347 19 . . . 32282 347 20 " " '' 32282 348 1 " " `` 32282 348 2 That that DT 32282 348 3 was be VBD 32282 348 4 before before IN 32282 348 5 you -PRON- PRP 32282 348 6 got get VBD 32282 348 7 the the DT 32282 348 8 contract contract NN 32282 348 9 ? ? . 32282 348 10 " " '' 32282 349 1 " " `` 32282 349 2 Quite quite RB 32282 349 3 so so RB 32282 349 4 , , , 32282 349 5 but but CC 32282 349 6 we -PRON- PRP 32282 349 7 knew know VBD 32282 349 8 that that IN 32282 349 9 , , , 32282 349 10 although although IN 32282 349 11 the the DT 32282 349 12 French french JJ 32282 349 13 authorities authority NNS 32282 349 14 were be VBD 32282 349 15 very very RB 32282 349 16 reluctant reluctant JJ 32282 349 17 to to TO 32282 349 18 give give VB 32282 349 19 away away RP 32282 349 20 this this DT 32282 349 21 piece piece NN 32282 349 22 of of IN 32282 349 23 work work NN 32282 349 24 , , , 32282 349 25 they -PRON- PRP 32282 349 26 would would MD 32282 349 27 be be VB 32282 349 28 bound bind VBN 32282 349 29 to to TO 32282 349 30 come come VB 32282 349 31 to to IN 32282 349 32 us -PRON- PRP 32282 349 33 , , , 32282 349 34 and and CC 32282 349 35 so so RB 32282 349 36 we -PRON- PRP 32282 349 37 were be VBD 32282 349 38 preparing prepare VBG 32282 349 39 for for IN 32282 349 40 them -PRON- PRP 32282 349 41 . . . 32282 349 42 " " '' 32282 350 1 Such such JJ 32282 350 2 supreme supreme JJ 32282 350 3 confidence confidence NN 32282 350 4 must must MD 32282 350 5 have have VB 32282 350 6 rapidly rapidly RB 32282 350 7 evaporated evaporate VBN 32282 350 8 as as IN 32282 350 9 events event NNS 32282 350 10 progressed progress VBN 32282 350 11 . . . 32282 351 1 Despite despite IN 32282 351 2 the the DT 32282 351 3 invaluable invaluable JJ 32282 351 4 advertising advertising NN 32282 351 5 to to TO 32282 351 6 be be VB 32282 351 7 derived derive VBN 32282 351 8 from from IN 32282 351 9 an an DT 32282 351 10 installation installation NN 32282 351 11 of of IN 32282 351 12 such such JJ 32282 351 13 distinction distinction NN 32282 351 14 , , , 32282 351 15 the the DT 32282 351 16 Otises Otises NNPS 32282 351 17 would would MD 32282 351 18 probably probably RB 32282 351 19 have have VB 32282 351 20 defaulted default VBN 32282 351 21 had have VBD 32282 351 22 they -PRON- PRP 32282 351 23 foreseen foresee VBN 32282 351 24 the the DT 32282 351 25 difficulties difficulty NNS 32282 351 26 which which WDT 32282 351 27 preceded precede VBD 32282 351 28 completion completion NN 32282 351 29 of of IN 32282 351 30 the the DT 32282 351 31 work work NN 32282 351 32 . . . 32282 352 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 352 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 352 3 : : : 32282 352 4 Figure figure VB 32282 352 5 24.--General 24.--general CD 32282 352 6 arrangement arrangement NN 32282 352 7 of of IN 32282 352 8 Otis Otis NNP 32282 352 9 elevator elevator NN 32282 352 10 system system NN 32282 352 11 in in IN 32282 352 12 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 352 13 Tower Tower NNP 32282 352 14 . . . 32282 353 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 353 2 From from IN 32282 353 3 _ _ NNP 32282 353 4 The the DT 32282 353 5 Engineer Engineer NNP 32282 353 6 _ _ NNP 32282 353 7 ( ( -LRB- 32282 353 8 London London NNP 32282 353 9 ) ) -RRB- 32282 353 10 , , , 32282 353 11 July July NNP 32282 353 12 19 19 CD 32282 353 13 , , , 32282 353 14 1889 1889 CD 32282 353 15 , , , 32282 353 16 vol vol NNP 32282 353 17 . . . 32282 354 1 68 68 CD 32282 354 2 , , , 32282 354 3 p. p. NN 32282 355 1 58 58 CD 32282 355 2 . . . 32282 355 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 355 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 356 1 The the DT 32282 356 2 proposed propose VBN 32282 356 3 system system NN 32282 356 4 ( ( -LRB- 32282 356 5 fig fig NN 32282 356 6 . . . 32282 357 1 24 24 CD 32282 357 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 357 3 was be VBD 32282 357 4 based base VBN 32282 357 5 fundamentally fundamentally RB 32282 357 6 upon upon IN 32282 357 7 Otis Otis NNP 32282 357 8 ' ' POS 32282 357 9 standard standard JJ 32282 357 10 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 357 11 elevator elevator NN 32282 357 12 , , , 32282 357 13 but but CC 32282 357 14 it -PRON- PRP 32282 357 15 was be VBD 32282 357 16 recognizable recognizable JJ 32282 357 17 only only RB 32282 357 18 in in IN 32282 357 19 basic basic JJ 32282 357 20 operating operating NN 32282 357 21 principle principle NN 32282 357 22 ( ( -LRB- 32282 357 23 fig fig NN 32282 357 24 . . . 32282 358 1 25 25 CD 32282 358 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 358 3 . . . 32282 359 1 Tracks track NNS 32282 359 2 of of IN 32282 359 3 regular regular JJ 32282 359 4 rail rail NN 32282 359 5 section section NN 32282 359 6 replaced replace VBD 32282 359 7 the the DT 32282 359 8 guides guide NNS 32282 359 9 because because IN 32282 359 10 of of IN 32282 359 11 the the DT 32282 359 12 incline incline NN 32282 359 13 , , , 32282 359 14 and and CC 32282 359 15 the the DT 32282 359 16 double double JJ 32282 359 17 - - HYPH 32282 359 18 decked deck VBN 32282 359 19 cabin cabin NN 32282 359 20 ( ( -LRB- 32282 359 21 fig fig NN 32282 359 22 . . . 32282 360 1 29 29 CD 32282 360 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 360 3 ran run VBD 32282 360 4 on on IN 32282 360 5 small small JJ 32282 360 6 flanged flanged JJ 32282 360 7 wheels wheel NNS 32282 360 8 . . . 32282 361 1 This this DT 32282 361 2 much much JJ 32282 361 3 of of IN 32282 361 4 the the DT 32282 361 5 apparatus apparatus NN 32282 361 6 was be VBD 32282 361 7 really really RB 32282 361 8 not not RB 32282 361 9 unlike unlike IN 32282 361 10 that that DT 32282 361 11 of of IN 32282 361 12 an an DT 32282 361 13 ordinary ordinary JJ 32282 361 14 inclined inclined JJ 32282 361 15 railway railway NN 32282 361 16 . . . 32282 362 1 Motive motive JJ 32282 362 2 power power NN 32282 362 3 was be VBD 32282 362 4 provided provide VBN 32282 362 5 by by IN 32282 362 6 the the DT 32282 362 7 customary customary JJ 32282 362 8 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 362 9 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 362 10 ( ( -LRB- 32282 362 11 fig fig NN 32282 362 12 . . . 32282 363 1 26 26 CD 32282 363 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 363 3 , , , 32282 363 4 set set VBN 32282 363 5 on on IN 32282 363 6 an an DT 32282 363 7 angle angle NN 32282 363 8 roughly roughly RB 32282 363 9 equal equal JJ 32282 363 10 to to IN 32282 363 11 the the DT 32282 363 12 incline incline NN 32282 363 13 of of IN 32282 363 14 the the DT 32282 363 15 lower low JJR 32282 363 16 section section NN 32282 363 17 of of IN 32282 363 18 run run NN 32282 363 19 . . . 32282 364 1 Balancing balance VBG 32282 364 2 the the DT 32282 364 3 cabin cabin NN 32282 364 4 's 's POS 32282 364 5 dead dead JJ 32282 364 6 weight weight NN 32282 364 7 was be VBD 32282 364 8 a a DT 32282 364 9 counterpoise counterpoise NN 32282 364 10 carriage carriage NN 32282 364 11 ( ( -LRB- 32282 364 12 fig fig NN 32282 364 13 . . . 32282 365 1 27 27 CD 32282 365 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 365 3 loaded load VBN 32282 365 4 with with IN 32282 365 5 pig pig NN 32282 365 6 iron iron NN 32282 365 7 that that WDT 32282 365 8 traveled travel VBD 32282 365 9 on on IN 32282 365 10 a a DT 32282 365 11 second second JJ 32282 365 12 set set NN 32282 365 13 of of IN 32282 365 14 rails rail NNS 32282 365 15 beneath beneath IN 32282 365 16 the the DT 32282 365 17 main main JJ 32282 365 18 track track NN 32282 365 19 . . . 32282 366 1 Like like IN 32282 366 2 the the DT 32282 366 3 driving driving NN 32282 366 4 system system NN 32282 366 5 , , , 32282 366 6 the the DT 32282 366 7 counterweight counterweight NNP 32282 366 8 was be VBD 32282 366 9 rope rope NN 32282 366 10 - - HYPH 32282 366 11 geared gear VBN 32282 366 12 , , , 32282 366 13 3 3 CD 32282 366 14 to to IN 32282 366 15 1 1 CD 32282 366 16 , , , 32282 366 17 so so IN 32282 366 18 that that IN 32282 366 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 366 20 travel travel NN 32282 366 21 was be VBD 32282 366 22 about about RB 32282 366 23 125 125 CD 32282 366 24 feet foot NNS 32282 366 25 to to IN 32282 366 26 the the DT 32282 366 27 cabin cabin NN 32282 366 28 's 's POS 32282 366 29 377 377 CD 32282 366 30 feet foot NNS 32282 366 31 . . . 32282 367 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 367 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 367 3 : : : 32282 367 4 Figure figure NN 32282 367 5 25.--Schematic 25.--schematic CD 32282 367 6 diagram diagram NN 32282 367 7 of of IN 32282 367 8 the the DT 32282 367 9 rigging rigging NN 32282 367 10 of of IN 32282 367 11 the the DT 32282 367 12 Otis Otis NNP 32282 367 13 system system NN 32282 367 14 . . . 32282 368 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 368 2 Adapted adapt VBN 32282 368 3 from from IN 32282 368 4 Gustave Gustave NNP 32282 368 5 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 368 6 , , , 32282 368 7 _ _ NNP 32282 368 8 La La NNP 32282 368 9 Tour Tour NNP 32282 368 10 de de NNP 32282 368 11 Trois Trois NNP 32282 368 12 Cents Cents NNPS 32282 368 13 Mètres Mètres NNPS 32282 368 14 _ _ NNP 32282 368 15 , , , 32282 368 16 Paris Paris NNP 32282 368 17 , , , 32282 368 18 1900 1900 CD 32282 368 19 , , , 32282 368 20 p. p. NN 32282 369 1 127 127 CD 32282 369 2 . . . 32282 369 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 369 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 370 1 Everything everything NN 32282 370 2 about about IN 32282 370 3 the the DT 32282 370 4 system system NN 32282 370 5 was be VBD 32282 370 6 on on IN 32282 370 7 a a DT 32282 370 8 scale scale NN 32282 370 9 far far RB 32282 370 10 heavier heavier RBR 32282 370 11 than than IN 32282 370 12 found find VBN 32282 370 13 in in IN 32282 370 14 the the DT 32282 370 15 normal normal JJ 32282 370 16 elevator elevator NN 32282 370 17 of of IN 32282 370 18 the the DT 32282 370 19 type type NN 32282 370 20 . . . 32282 371 1 The the DT 32282 371 2 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 371 3 , , , 32282 371 4 of of IN 32282 371 5 38-inch 38-inch CD 32282 371 6 bore bore NN 32282 371 7 , , , 32282 371 8 was be VBD 32282 371 9 36 36 CD 32282 371 10 feet foot NNS 32282 371 11 long long JJ 32282 371 12 . . . 32282 372 1 Rather rather RB 32282 372 2 than than IN 32282 372 3 a a DT 32282 372 4 simple simple JJ 32282 372 5 nest nest NN 32282 372 6 of of IN 32282 372 7 pulleys pulley NNS 32282 372 8 , , , 32282 372 9 the the DT 32282 372 10 piston piston NN 32282 372 11 rods rod NNS 32282 372 12 pulled pull VBD 32282 372 13 a a DT 32282 372 14 large large JJ 32282 372 15 guided guide VBN 32282 372 16 carriage carriage NN 32282 372 17 or or CC 32282 372 18 " " `` 32282 372 19 chariot chariot NN 32282 372 20 " " '' 32282 372 21 bearing bear VBG 32282 372 22 six six CD 32282 372 23 movable movable JJ 32282 372 24 sheaves sheaf NNS 32282 372 25 ( ( -LRB- 32282 372 26 fig fig NN 32282 372 27 . . . 32282 373 1 28 28 CD 32282 373 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 373 3 . . . 32282 374 1 Corresponding correspond VBG 32282 374 2 were be VBD 32282 374 3 five five CD 32282 374 4 stationary stationary JJ 32282 374 5 sheaves sheaf NNS 32282 374 6 , , , 32282 374 7 the the DT 32282 374 8 whole whole NN 32282 374 9 reeved reeve VBN 32282 374 10 to to TO 32282 374 11 form form VB 32282 374 12 an an DT 32282 374 13 immense immense JJ 32282 374 14 12-purchase 12-purchase CD 32282 374 15 tackle tackle NN 32282 374 16 . . . 32282 375 1 The the DT 32282 375 2 car car NN 32282 375 3 , , , 32282 375 4 attached attach VBN 32282 375 5 to to IN 32282 375 6 the the DT 32282 375 7 free free JJ 32282 375 8 ends end NNS 32282 375 9 of of IN 32282 375 10 the the DT 32282 375 11 cables cable NNS 32282 375 12 , , , 32282 375 13 was be VBD 32282 375 14 hauled haul VBN 32282 375 15 up up RP 32282 375 16 as as IN 32282 375 17 the the DT 32282 375 18 piston piston NN 32282 375 19 drew draw VBD 32282 375 20 the the DT 32282 375 21 two two CD 32282 375 22 sheave sheave NNP 32282 375 23 assemblies assembly NNS 32282 375 24 apart apart RB 32282 375 25 . . . 32282 376 1 In in IN 32282 376 2 examining examine VBG 32282 376 3 the the DT 32282 376 4 system system NN 32282 376 5 , , , 32282 376 6 it -PRON- PRP 32282 376 7 is be VBZ 32282 376 8 difficult difficult JJ 32282 376 9 to to TO 32282 376 10 determine determine VB 32282 376 11 what what WP 32282 376 12 single single JJ 32282 376 13 element element NN 32282 376 14 in in IN 32282 376 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 376 16 design design NN 32282 376 17 might may MD 32282 376 18 have have VB 32282 376 19 caused cause VBN 32282 376 20 such such PDT 32282 376 21 a a DT 32282 376 22 problem problem NN 32282 376 23 as as IN 32282 376 24 to to TO 32282 376 25 have have VB 32282 376 26 been be VBN 32282 376 27 beyond beyond IN 32282 376 28 the the DT 32282 376 29 engineering engineering NN 32282 376 30 ability ability NN 32282 376 31 of of IN 32282 376 32 a a DT 32282 376 33 French french JJ 32282 376 34 firm firm NN 32282 376 35 , , , 32282 376 36 and and CC 32282 376 37 to to TO 32282 376 38 have have VB 32282 376 39 caused cause VBN 32282 376 40 such such JJ 32282 376 41 concern concern NN 32282 376 42 to to IN 32282 376 43 a a DT 32282 376 44 large large JJ 32282 376 45 , , , 32282 376 46 well well RB 32282 376 47 - - HYPH 32282 376 48 established establish VBN 32282 376 49 American american JJ 32282 376 50 organization organization NN 32282 376 51 of of IN 32282 376 52 Otis Otis NNP 32282 376 53 ' ' POS 32282 376 54 wide wide JJ 32282 376 55 elevator elevator NN 32282 376 56 and and CC 32282 376 57 inclined inclined JJ 32282 376 58 railway railway NN 32282 376 59 experience experience NN 32282 376 60 . . . 32282 377 1 Indeed indeed RB 32282 377 2 , , , 32282 377 3 when when WRB 32282 377 4 the the DT 32282 377 5 French french JJ 32282 377 6 system system NN 32282 377 7 -- -- : 32282 377 8 which which WDT 32282 377 9 served serve VBD 32282 377 10 the the DT 32282 377 11 first first JJ 32282 377 12 platform platform NN 32282 377 13 from from IN 32282 377 14 the the DT 32282 377 15 east east NNP 32282 377 16 and and CC 32282 377 17 west west NNP 32282 377 18 legs leg NNS 32282 377 19 -- -- : 32282 377 20 is be VBZ 32282 377 21 examined examine VBN 32282 377 22 , , , 32282 377 23 it -PRON- PRP 32282 377 24 appears appear VBZ 32282 377 25 curious curious JJ 32282 377 26 that that IN 32282 377 27 a a DT 32282 377 28 national national JJ 32282 377 29 technology technology NN 32282 377 30 capable capable JJ 32282 377 31 of of IN 32282 377 32 producing produce VBG 32282 377 33 a a DT 32282 377 34 machine machine NN 32282 377 35 at at IN 32282 377 36 such such PDT 32282 377 37 a a DT 32282 377 38 level level NN 32282 377 39 of of IN 32282 377 40 complexity complexity NN 32282 377 41 should should MD 32282 377 42 have have VB 32282 377 43 been be VBN 32282 377 44 unable unable JJ 32282 377 45 to to TO 32282 377 46 deal deal VB 32282 377 47 easily easily RB 32282 377 48 with with IN 32282 377 49 the the DT 32282 377 50 entire entire JJ 32282 377 51 matter matter NN 32282 377 52 . . . 32282 378 1 This this DT 32282 378 2 can can MD 32282 378 3 be be VB 32282 378 4 plausibly plausibly RB 32282 378 5 explained explain VBN 32282 378 6 only only RB 32282 378 7 on on IN 32282 378 8 the the DT 32282 378 9 basis basis NN 32282 378 10 of of IN 32282 378 11 Europe Europe NNP 32282 378 12 's 's POS 32282 378 13 previously previously RB 32282 378 14 mentioned mention VBN 32282 378 15 lack lack NN 32282 378 16 of of IN 32282 378 17 experience experience NN 32282 378 18 with with IN 32282 378 19 rope rope NN 32282 378 20 - - HYPH 32282 378 21 geared gear VBN 32282 378 22 and and CC 32282 378 23 other other JJ 32282 378 24 cable cable NN 32282 378 25 - - HYPH 32282 378 26 hung hang VBN 32282 378 27 elevator elevator NN 32282 378 28 systems system NNS 32282 378 29 . . . 32282 379 1 The the DT 32282 379 2 difficulty difficulty NN 32282 379 3 attending attend VBG 32282 379 4 Otis Otis NNP 32282 379 5 ' ' POS 32282 379 6 work work NN 32282 379 7 , , , 32282 379 8 usually usually RB 32282 379 9 true true JJ 32282 379 10 in in IN 32282 379 11 the the DT 32282 379 12 case case NN 32282 379 13 of of IN 32282 379 14 all all DT 32282 379 15 innovations innovation NNS 32282 379 16 , , , 32282 379 17 lay lie VBD 32282 379 18 unquestionably unquestionably RB 32282 379 19 in in IN 32282 379 20 the the DT 32282 379 21 multitudes multitude NNS 32282 379 22 of of IN 32282 379 23 details detail NNS 32282 379 24 -- -- : 32282 379 25 many many JJ 32282 379 26 of of IN 32282 379 27 them -PRON- PRP 32282 379 28 , , , 32282 379 29 of of IN 32282 379 30 course course NN 32282 379 31 , , , 32282 379 32 invisible invisible JJ 32282 379 33 when when WRB 32282 379 34 only only RB 32282 379 35 the the DT 32282 379 36 successfully successfully RB 32282 379 37 working work VBG 32282 379 38 end end NN 32282 379 39 product product NN 32282 379 40 is be VBZ 32282 379 41 observed observe VBN 32282 379 42 . . . 32282 380 1 More More JJR 32282 380 2 than than IN 32282 380 3 a a DT 32282 380 4 matter matter NN 32282 380 5 of of IN 32282 380 6 detail detail NN 32282 380 7 was be VBD 32282 380 8 the the DT 32282 380 9 Commission Commission NNP 32282 380 10 's 's POS 32282 380 11 demand demand NN 32282 380 12 for for IN 32282 380 13 perfect perfect JJ 32282 380 14 safety safety NN 32282 380 15 , , , 32282 380 16 which which WDT 32282 380 17 precipitated precipitate VBD 32282 380 18 a a DT 32282 380 19 situation situation NN 32282 380 20 typical typical JJ 32282 380 21 of of IN 32282 380 22 many many JJ 32282 380 23 confronting confront VBG 32282 380 24 Otis Otis NNP 32282 380 25 during during IN 32282 380 26 the the DT 32282 380 27 entire entire JJ 32282 380 28 work work NN 32282 380 29 . . . 32282 381 1 Otis Otis NNP 32282 381 2 had have VBD 32282 381 3 wished wish VBN 32282 381 4 to to TO 32282 381 5 coordinate coordinate VB 32282 381 6 the the DT 32282 381 7 entire entire JJ 32282 381 8 design design NN 32282 381 9 process process NN 32282 381 10 through through IN 32282 381 11 Mr. Mr. NNP 32282 381 12 Hall Hall NNP 32282 381 13 , , , 32282 381 14 with with IN 32282 381 15 technical technical JJ 32282 381 16 matters matter NNS 32282 381 17 handled handle VBN 32282 381 18 by by IN 32282 381 19 mail mail NN 32282 381 20 . . . 32282 382 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 32282 382 2 , , , 32282 382 3 at at IN 32282 382 4 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 382 5 's 's POS 32282 382 6 insistence insistence NN 32282 382 7 , , , 32282 382 8 and and CC 32282 382 9 with with IN 32282 382 10 some some DT 32282 382 11 inconvenience inconvenience NN 32282 382 12 , , , 32282 382 13 in in IN 32282 382 14 1888 1888 CD 32282 382 15 the the DT 32282 382 16 company company NN 32282 382 17 dispatched dispatch VBD 32282 382 18 the the DT 32282 382 19 project project NN 32282 382 20 's 's POS 32282 382 21 engineer engineer NN 32282 382 22 , , , 32282 382 23 Thomas Thomas NNP 32282 382 24 E. E. NNP 32282 382 25 Brown Brown NNP 32282 382 26 , , , 32282 382 27 Jr. Jr. NNP 32282 382 28 , , , 32282 382 29 to to IN 32282 382 30 Paris Paris NNP 32282 382 31 for for IN 32282 382 32 a a DT 32282 382 33 direct direct JJ 32282 382 34 consultation consultation NN 32282 382 35 . . . 32282 383 1 Mild mild JJ 32282 383 2 conflict conflict NN 32282 383 3 over over IN 32282 383 4 minor minor JJ 32282 383 5 details detail NNS 32282 383 6 ensued ensue VBN 32282 383 7 , , , 32282 383 8 but but CC 32282 383 9 a a DT 32282 383 10 gross gross JJ 32282 383 11 difference difference NN 32282 383 12 of of IN 32282 383 13 opinion opinion NN 32282 383 14 arose arise VBD 32282 383 15 ultimately ultimately RB 32282 383 16 between between IN 32282 383 17 the the DT 32282 383 18 American american JJ 32282 383 19 and and CC 32282 383 20 French french JJ 32282 383 21 engineers engineer NNS 32282 383 22 over over IN 32282 383 23 the the DT 32282 383 24 safety safety NN 32282 383 25 of of IN 32282 383 26 the the DT 32282 383 27 system system NN 32282 383 28 . . . 32282 384 1 The the DT 32282 384 2 disagreement disagreement NN 32282 384 3 threatened threaten VBD 32282 384 4 to to TO 32282 384 5 halt halt VB 32282 384 6 the the DT 32282 384 7 entire entire JJ 32282 384 8 project project NN 32282 384 9 . . . 32282 385 1 In in IN 32282 385 2 common common JJ 32282 385 3 with with IN 32282 385 4 all all DT 32282 385 5 elevators elevator NNS 32282 385 6 in in IN 32282 385 7 which which WDT 32282 385 8 the the DT 32282 385 9 car car NN 32282 385 10 hangs hang VBZ 32282 385 11 by by IN 32282 385 12 cables cable NNS 32282 385 13 , , , 32282 385 14 the the DT 32282 385 15 prime prime JJ 32282 385 16 consideration consideration NN 32282 385 17 here here RB 32282 385 18 was be VBD 32282 385 19 a a DT 32282 385 20 means means NN 32282 385 21 of of IN 32282 385 22 arresting arrest VBG 32282 385 23 the the DT 32282 385 24 cabin cabin NN 32282 385 25 should should MD 32282 385 26 the the DT 32282 385 27 cables cable NNS 32282 385 28 fail fail VB 32282 385 29 . . . 32282 386 1 As as IN 32282 386 2 originally originally RB 32282 386 3 presented present VBN 32282 386 4 to to IN 32282 386 5 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 386 6 , , , 32282 386 7 the the DT 32282 386 8 plans plan NNS 32282 386 9 indicated indicate VBD 32282 386 10 an an DT 32282 386 11 elaborate elaborate JJ 32282 386 12 modification modification NN 32282 386 13 of of IN 32282 386 14 the the DT 32282 386 15 standard standard JJ 32282 386 16 Otis Otis NNP 32282 386 17 safety safety NN 32282 386 18 device device NN 32282 386 19 -- -- : 32282 386 20 itself -PRON- PRP 32282 386 21 a a DT 32282 386 22 direct direct JJ 32282 386 23 derivative derivative NN 32282 386 24 of of IN 32282 386 25 E. E. NNP 32282 386 26 G. G. NNP 32282 386 27 Otis Otis NNP 32282 386 28 ' ' POS 32282 386 29 original original NN 32282 386 30 . . . 32282 387 1 If if IN 32282 387 2 any any DT 32282 387 3 one one CD 32282 387 4 of of IN 32282 387 5 the the DT 32282 387 6 six six CD 32282 387 7 hoisting hoist VBG 32282 387 8 cables cable NNS 32282 387 9 broke break VBD 32282 387 10 or or CC 32282 387 11 stretched stretch VBD 32282 387 12 unduly unduly RB 32282 387 13 , , , 32282 387 14 or or CC 32282 387 15 if if IN 32282 387 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 387 17 tension tension NN 32282 387 18 slackened slacken VBD 32282 387 19 for for IN 32282 387 20 any any DT 32282 387 21 reason reason NN 32282 387 22 , , , 32282 387 23 powerful powerful JJ 32282 387 24 leaf leaf NN 32282 387 25 springs spring NNS 32282 387 26 were be VBD 32282 387 27 released release VBN 32282 387 28 causing cause VBG 32282 387 29 brake brake NN 32282 387 30 shoes shoe NNS 32282 387 31 to to TO 32282 387 32 grip grip VB 32282 387 33 the the DT 32282 387 34 rails rail NNS 32282 387 35 . . . 32282 388 1 The the DT 32282 388 2 essential essential JJ 32282 388 3 feature feature NN 32282 388 4 of of IN 32282 388 5 the the DT 32282 388 6 design design NN 32282 388 7 was be VBD 32282 388 8 the the DT 32282 388 9 car car NN 32282 388 10 's 's POS 32282 388 11 arrest arrest NN 32282 388 12 by by IN 32282 388 13 friction friction NN 32282 388 14 between between IN 32282 388 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 388 16 grippers gripper NNS 32282 388 17 and and CC 32282 388 18 the the DT 32282 388 19 rails rail NNS 32282 388 20 so so IN 32282 388 21 that that IN 32282 388 22 the the DT 32282 388 23 stopping stop VBG 32282 388 24 action action NN 32282 388 25 was be VBD 32282 388 26 gradual gradual JJ 32282 388 27 , , , 32282 388 28 not not RB 32282 388 29 sudden sudden JJ 32282 388 30 as as IN 32282 388 31 in in IN 32282 388 32 the the DT 32282 388 33 elevator elevator NN 32282 388 34 safety safety NN 32282 388 35 . . . 32282 389 1 During during IN 32282 389 2 proof proof JJ 32282 389 3 trials trial NNS 32282 389 4 of of IN 32282 389 5 the the DT 32282 389 6 safety safety NN 32282 389 7 , , , 32282 389 8 made make VBN 32282 389 9 prior prior RB 32282 389 10 to to IN 32282 389 11 the the DT 32282 389 12 fair fair NN 32282 389 13 's 's POS 32282 389 14 opening opening NN 32282 389 15 by by IN 32282 389 16 cutting cut VBG 32282 389 17 away away RP 32282 389 18 a a DT 32282 389 19 set set NN 32282 389 20 of of IN 32282 389 21 temporary temporary JJ 32282 389 22 hoisting hoisting NN 32282 389 23 cables cable NNS 32282 389 24 , , , 32282 389 25 the the DT 32282 389 26 cabin cabin NN 32282 389 27 would would MD 32282 389 28 fall fall VB 32282 389 29 about about IN 32282 389 30 10 10 CD 32282 389 31 feet foot NNS 32282 389 32 before before IN 32282 389 33 being be VBG 32282 389 34 halted halt VBN 32282 389 35 . . . 32282 390 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 390 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 390 3 : : : 32282 390 4 Figure figure NN 32282 390 5 26.--Section 26.--section CD 32282 390 6 through through IN 32282 390 7 the the DT 32282 390 8 Otis Otis NNP 32282 390 9 power power NN 32282 390 10 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 390 11 . . . 32282 391 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 391 2 Adapted adapt VBN 32282 391 3 from from IN 32282 391 4 Gustave Gustave NNP 32282 391 5 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 391 6 , , , 32282 391 7 _ _ NNP 32282 391 8 La La NNP 32282 391 9 Tour Tour NNP 32282 391 10 de de NNP 32282 391 11 Trois Trois NNP 32282 391 12 Cents Cents NNPS 32282 391 13 Mètres Mètres NNPS 32282 391 14 _ _ NNP 32282 391 15 , , , 32282 391 16 Paris Paris NNP 32282 391 17 , , , 32282 391 18 1900 1900 CD 32282 391 19 , , , 32282 391 20 pl pl NNP 32282 391 21 . . . 32282 392 1 22 22 CD 32282 392 2 . . . 32282 392 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 392 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 393 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 393 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 393 3 : : : 32282 393 4 Figure figure NN 32282 393 5 27.--Details 27.--details CD 32282 393 6 of of IN 32282 393 7 the the DT 32282 393 8 counterweight counterweight JJ 32282 393 9 carriage carriage NN 32282 393 10 in in IN 32282 393 11 the the DT 32282 393 12 Otis Otis NNP 32282 393 13 system system NN 32282 393 14 . . . 32282 394 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 394 2 From from IN 32282 394 3 Gustave Gustave NNP 32282 394 4 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 394 5 , , , 32282 394 6 _ _ NNP 32282 394 7 La La NNP 32282 394 8 Tour Tour NNP 32282 394 9 de de NNP 32282 394 10 Trois Trois NNP 32282 394 11 Cents Cents NNPS 32282 394 12 Mètres Mètres NNPS 32282 394 13 _ _ NNP 32282 394 14 , , , 32282 394 15 Paris Paris NNP 32282 394 16 , , , 32282 394 17 1900 1900 CD 32282 394 18 , , , 32282 394 19 pl pl NNP 32282 394 20 . . . 32282 395 1 22{4 22{4 LS 32282 395 2 } } -RRB- 32282 395 3 . . . 32282 395 4 ) ) -RRB- 32282 395 5 ] ] -RRB- 32282 396 1 Although although IN 32282 396 2 highly highly RB 32282 396 3 efficient efficient JJ 32282 396 4 and and CC 32282 396 5 of of IN 32282 396 6 unquestionable unquestionable JJ 32282 396 7 security security NN 32282 396 8 , , , 32282 396 9 this this DT 32282 396 10 safety safety NN 32282 396 11 device device NN 32282 396 12 was be VBD 32282 396 13 considered consider VBN 32282 396 14 an an DT 32282 396 15 insufficient insufficient JJ 32282 396 16 safeguard safeguard NN 32282 396 17 by by IN 32282 396 18 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 396 19 , , , 32282 396 20 who who WP 32282 396 21 , , , 32282 396 22 speaking speak VBG 32282 396 23 in in IN 32282 396 24 the the DT 32282 396 25 name name NN 32282 396 26 of of IN 32282 396 27 the the DT 32282 396 28 Commission Commission NNP 32282 396 29 , , , 32282 396 30 demanded demand VBD 32282 396 31 the the DT 32282 396 32 application application NN 32282 396 33 of of IN 32282 396 34 a a DT 32282 396 35 device device NN 32282 396 36 known know VBN 32282 396 37 as as IN 32282 396 38 the the DT 32282 396 39 rack rack NN 32282 396 40 and and CC 32282 396 41 pinion pinion NN 32282 396 42 safety safety NN 32282 396 43 that that WDT 32282 396 44 was be VBD 32282 396 45 used use VBN 32282 396 46 to to IN 32282 396 47 some some DT 32282 396 48 extent extent NN 32282 396 49 on on IN 32282 396 50 European european JJ 32282 396 51 cog cog JJ 32282 396 52 railways railway NNS 32282 396 53 . . . 32282 397 1 The the DT 32282 397 2 commissioners commissioner NNS 32282 397 3 not not RB 32282 397 4 only only RB 32282 397 5 considered consider VBD 32282 397 6 this this DT 32282 397 7 system system NN 32282 397 8 more more RBR 32282 397 9 reliable reliable JJ 32282 397 10 but but CC 32282 397 11 felt feel VBD 32282 397 12 that that IN 32282 397 13 one one CD 32282 397 14 of of IN 32282 397 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 397 16 features feature NNS 32282 397 17 was be VBD 32282 397 18 a a DT 32282 397 19 necessity necessity NN 32282 397 20 : : : 32282 397 21 a a DT 32282 397 22 device device NN 32282 397 23 that that WDT 32282 397 24 permitted permit VBD 32282 397 25 the the DT 32282 397 26 car car NN 32282 397 27 to to TO 32282 397 28 be be VB 32282 397 29 lowered lower VBN 32282 397 30 by by IN 32282 397 31 hand hand NN 32282 397 32 , , , 32282 397 33 even even RB 32282 397 34 after after IN 32282 397 35 failure failure NN 32282 397 36 of of IN 32282 397 37 all all PDT 32282 397 38 the the DT 32282 397 39 hoisting hoist VBG 32282 397 40 cables cable NNS 32282 397 41 . . . 32282 398 1 The the DT 32282 398 2 serious serious JJ 32282 398 3 shortcomings shortcoming NNS 32282 398 4 of of IN 32282 398 5 the the DT 32282 398 6 rack rack NN 32282 398 7 and and CC 32282 398 8 pinion pinion NN 32282 398 9 were be VBD 32282 398 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 398 11 great great JJ 32282 398 12 noisiness noisiness NN 32282 398 13 and and CC 32282 398 14 the the DT 32282 398 15 limitation limitation NN 32282 398 16 it -PRON- PRP 32282 398 17 imposed impose VBD 32282 398 18 on on IN 32282 398 19 hoisting hoist VBG 32282 398 20 speed speed NN 32282 398 21 . . . 32282 399 1 Both both DT 32282 399 2 disadvantages disadvantage NNS 32282 399 3 were be VBD 32282 399 4 due due JJ 32282 399 5 to to IN 32282 399 6 the the DT 32282 399 7 constant constant JJ 32282 399 8 engagement engagement NN 32282 399 9 of of IN 32282 399 10 a a DT 32282 399 11 pinion pinion NN 32282 399 12 on on IN 32282 399 13 the the DT 32282 399 14 car car NN 32282 399 15 with with IN 32282 399 16 a a DT 32282 399 17 continuous continuous JJ 32282 399 18 rack rack NN 32282 399 19 set set VBN 32282 399 20 between between IN 32282 399 21 the the DT 32282 399 22 rails rail NNS 32282 399 23 . . . 32282 400 1 The the DT 32282 400 2 meeting meeting NN 32282 400 3 ended end VBD 32282 400 4 in in IN 32282 400 5 an an DT 32282 400 6 impasse impasse NN 32282 400 7 , , , 32282 400 8 with with IN 32282 400 9 Brown Brown NNP 32282 400 10 unwilling unwilling NN 32282 400 11 to to TO 32282 400 12 approve approve VB 32282 400 13 the the DT 32282 400 14 objectionable objectionable JJ 32282 400 15 apparatus apparatus NN 32282 400 16 and and CC 32282 400 17 able able JJ 32282 400 18 only only RB 32282 400 19 to to TO 32282 400 20 return return VB 32282 400 21 to to IN 32282 400 22 New New NNP 32282 400 23 York York NNP 32282 400 24 and and CC 32282 400 25 lay lie VBD 32282 400 26 the the DT 32282 400 27 matter matter NN 32282 400 28 before before IN 32282 400 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 400 30 company company NN 32282 400 31 . . . 32282 401 1 While while IN 32282 401 2 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 401 3 's 's POS 32282 401 4 attitude attitude NN 32282 401 5 in in IN 32282 401 6 the the DT 32282 401 7 matter matter NN 32282 401 8 may may MD 32282 401 9 appear appear VB 32282 401 10 highly highly RB 32282 401 11 unreasonable unreasonable JJ 32282 401 12 , , , 32282 401 13 it -PRON- PRP 32282 401 14 must must MD 32282 401 15 be be VB 32282 401 16 said say VBN 32282 401 17 that that IN 32282 401 18 during during IN 32282 401 19 a a DT 32282 401 20 subsequent subsequent JJ 32282 401 21 meeting meeting NN 32282 401 22 between between IN 32282 401 23 Brown Brown NNP 32282 401 24 and and CC 32282 401 25 Koechlin Koechlin NNP 32282 401 26 , , , 32282 401 27 the the DT 32282 401 28 French french JJ 32282 401 29 engineer engineer NN 32282 401 30 implied imply VBD 32282 401 31 that that IN 32282 401 32 a a DT 32282 401 33 mutual mutual JJ 32282 401 34 antagonism antagonism NN 32282 401 35 had have VBD 32282 401 36 arisen arise VBN 32282 401 37 between between IN 32282 401 38 the the DT 32282 401 39 Tower Tower NNP 32282 401 40 's 's POS 32282 401 41 creator creator NN 32282 401 42 and and CC 32282 401 43 the the DT 32282 401 44 Commission Commission NNP 32282 401 45 . . . 32282 402 1 Thus thus RB 32282 402 2 , , , 32282 402 3 since since IN 32282 402 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 402 5 own own JJ 32282 402 6 judgment judgment NN 32282 402 7 must must MD 32282 402 8 have have VB 32282 402 9 had have VBN 32282 402 10 little little JJ 32282 402 11 influence influence NN 32282 402 12 with with IN 32282 402 13 the the DT 32282 402 14 commissioners commissioner NNS 32282 402 15 at at IN 32282 402 16 that that DT 32282 402 17 time time NN 32282 402 18 , , , 32282 402 19 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 402 20 was be VBD 32282 402 21 compelled compel VBN 32282 402 22 to to TO 32282 402 23 specify specify VB 32282 402 24 what what WP 32282 402 25 he -PRON- PRP 32282 402 26 well well RB 32282 402 27 knew know VBD 32282 402 28 were be VBD 32282 402 29 excessive excessive JJ 32282 402 30 safety safety NN 32282 402 31 provisions provision NNS 32282 402 32 . . . 32282 403 1 This this DT 32282 403 2 decision decision NN 32282 403 3 placed place VBD 32282 403 4 Otis Otis NNP 32282 403 5 Brothers Brothers NNPS 32282 403 6 in in IN 32282 403 7 a a DT 32282 403 8 decidedly decidedly RB 32282 403 9 uncomfortable uncomfortable JJ 32282 403 10 position position NN 32282 403 11 , , , 32282 403 12 at at IN 32282 403 13 the the DT 32282 403 14 mercy mercy NN 32282 403 15 of of IN 32282 403 16 the the DT 32282 403 17 Commission Commission NNP 32282 403 18 . . . 32282 404 1 W. W. NNP 32282 404 2 E. E. NNP 32282 404 3 Hale Hale NNP 32282 404 4 , , , 32282 404 5 promoter promoter NN 32282 404 6 of of IN 32282 404 7 the the DT 32282 404 8 water water NN 32282 404 9 balance balance NN 32282 404 10 elevator elevator NN 32282 404 11 -- -- : 32282 404 12 who who WP 32282 404 13 by by IN 32282 404 14 then then RB 32282 404 15 had have VBD 32282 404 16 a a DT 32282 404 17 strong strong JJ 32282 404 18 voice voice NN 32282 404 19 in in IN 32282 404 20 Otis Otis NNP 32282 404 21 ' ' POS 32282 404 22 affairs affair NNS 32282 404 23 -- -- : 32282 404 24 expressed express VBD 32282 404 25 the the DT 32282 404 26 seriousness seriousness NN 32282 404 27 of of IN 32282 404 28 the the DT 32282 404 29 matter matter NN 32282 404 30 in in IN 32282 404 31 a a DT 32282 404 32 letter letter NN 32282 404 33 to to IN 32282 404 34 the the DT 32282 404 35 company company NN 32282 404 36 's 's POS 32282 404 37 president president NN 32282 404 38 , , , 32282 404 39 Charles Charles NNP 32282 404 40 R. R. NNP 32282 404 41 Otis Otis NNP 32282 404 42 , , , 32282 404 43 following follow VBG 32282 404 44 receipt receipt NN 32282 404 45 of of IN 32282 404 46 Brown Brown NNP 32282 404 47 's 's POS 32282 404 48 report report NN 32282 404 49 on on IN 32282 404 50 the the DT 32282 404 51 Paris Paris NNP 32282 404 52 conference conference NN 32282 404 53 . . . 32282 405 1 Referring refer VBG 32282 405 2 to to IN 32282 405 3 the the DT 32282 405 4 controversial controversial JJ 32282 405 5 cogwheel cogwheel NN 32282 405 6 , , , 32282 405 7 Hale Hale NNP 32282 405 8 wrote write VBD 32282 405 9 ... ... : 32282 405 10 if if IN 32282 405 11 this this DT 32282 405 12 must must MD 32282 405 13 be be VB 32282 405 14 arranged arrange VBN 32282 405 15 so so IN 32282 405 16 that that IN 32282 405 17 the the DT 32282 405 18 car car NN 32282 405 19 is be VBZ 32282 405 20 effected effect VBN 32282 405 21 [ [ -LRB- 32282 405 22 sic sic NN 32282 405 23 ] ] -RRB- 32282 405 24 in in IN 32282 405 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 405 26 operation operation NN 32282 405 27 by by IN 32282 405 28 constant constant JJ 32282 405 29 contact contact NN 32282 405 30 with with IN 32282 405 31 the the DT 32282 405 32 rack rack NN 32282 405 33 and and CC 32282 405 34 pinion pinion NN 32282 405 35 ... ... : 32282 405 36 so so IN 32282 405 37 as as IN 32282 405 38 to to TO 32282 405 39 communicate communicate VB 32282 405 40 the the DT 32282 405 41 noise noise NN 32282 405 42 and and CC 32282 405 43 jar jar NN 32282 405 44 , , , 32282 405 45 and and CC 32282 405 46 unpleasant unpleasant JJ 32282 405 47 motion motion NN 32282 405 48 which which WDT 32282 405 49 such such PDT 32282 405 50 an an DT 32282 405 51 arrangement arrangement NN 32282 405 52 always always RB 32282 405 53 produces produce VBZ 32282 405 54 , , , 32282 405 55 I -PRON- PRP 32282 405 56 should should MD 32282 405 57 favor favor VB 32282 405 58 giving give VBG 32282 405 59 up up RP 32282 405 60 the the DT 32282 405 61 whole whole JJ 32282 405 62 matter matter NN 32282 405 63 rather rather RB 32282 405 64 than than IN 32282 405 65 allying ally VBG 32282 405 66 ourselves -PRON- PRP 32282 405 67 with with IN 32282 405 68 any any DT 32282 405 69 such such JJ 32282 405 70 abortion abortion NN 32282 405 71 .... .... NFP 32282 405 72 we -PRON- PRP 32282 405 73 would would MD 32282 405 74 be be VB 32282 405 75 the the DT 32282 405 76 laughing laugh VBG 32282 405 77 stock stock NN 32282 405 78 of of IN 32282 405 79 the the DT 32282 405 80 world world NN 32282 405 81 , , , 32282 405 82 for for IN 32282 405 83 putting put VBG 32282 405 84 up up RP 32282 405 85 such such PDT 32282 405 86 a a DT 32282 405 87 contrivance contrivance NN 32282 405 88 . . . 32282 406 1 This this DT 32282 406 2 difficult difficult JJ 32282 406 3 situation situation NN 32282 406 4 apparently apparently RB 32282 406 5 was be VBD 32282 406 6 the the DT 32282 406 7 product product NN 32282 406 8 of of IN 32282 406 9 a a DT 32282 406 10 somewhat somewhat RB 32282 406 11 general general JJ 32282 406 12 contract contract NN 32282 406 13 phrased phrase VBN 32282 406 14 in in IN 32282 406 15 terms term NNS 32282 406 16 of of IN 32282 406 17 service service NN 32282 406 18 to to TO 32282 406 19 be be VB 32282 406 20 provided provide VBN 32282 406 21 rather rather RB 32282 406 22 than than IN 32282 406 23 of of IN 32282 406 24 specific specific JJ 32282 406 25 equipment equipment NN 32282 406 26 to to TO 32282 406 27 be be VB 32282 406 28 used use VBN 32282 406 29 . . . 32282 407 1 This this DT 32282 407 2 is be VBZ 32282 407 3 not not RB 32282 407 4 unusual unusual JJ 32282 407 5 , , , 32282 407 6 but but CC 32282 407 7 it -PRON- PRP 32282 407 8 did do VBD 32282 407 9 leave leave VB 32282 407 10 open open JJ 32282 407 11 to to IN 32282 407 12 later later RB 32282 407 13 dispute dispute VB 32282 407 14 such such JJ 32282 407 15 ambiguous ambiguous JJ 32282 407 16 clauses clause NNS 32282 407 17 as as IN 32282 407 18 " " `` 32282 407 19 adequate adequate JJ 32282 407 20 safety safety NN 32282 407 21 devices device NNS 32282 407 22 are be VBP 32282 407 23 to to TO 32282 407 24 be be VB 32282 407 25 provided provide VBN 32282 407 26 . . . 32282 407 27 " " '' 32282 408 1 Although although IN 32282 408 2 faced face VBN 32282 408 3 with with IN 32282 408 4 the the DT 32282 408 5 loss loss NN 32282 408 6 not not RB 32282 408 7 only only RB 32282 408 8 of of IN 32282 408 9 all all DT 32282 408 10 previously previously RB 32282 408 11 expended expend VBN 32282 408 12 design design NN 32282 408 13 work work NN 32282 408 14 but but CC 32282 408 15 also also RB 32282 408 16 of of IN 32282 408 17 an an DT 32282 408 18 advertisement advertisement NN 32282 408 19 of of IN 32282 408 20 international international JJ 32282 408 21 consequence consequence NN 32282 408 22 , , , 32282 408 23 the the DT 32282 408 24 company company NN 32282 408 25 apparently apparently RB 32282 408 26 concurred concur VBD 32282 408 27 with with IN 32282 408 28 Hale Hale NNP 32282 408 29 and and CC 32282 408 30 so so RB 32282 408 31 advised advise VBD 32282 408 32 Paris Paris NNP 32282 408 33 . . . 32282 409 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB 32282 409 2 , , , 32282 409 3 there there EX 32282 409 4 are be VBP 32282 409 5 no no DT 32282 409 6 Otis Otis NNP 32282 409 7 records record NNS 32282 409 8 to to TO 32282 409 9 reveal reveal VB 32282 409 10 the the DT 32282 409 11 subsequent subsequent JJ 32282 409 12 transactions transaction NNS 32282 409 13 , , , 32282 409 14 but but CC 32282 409 15 we -PRON- PRP 32282 409 16 may may MD 32282 409 17 assume assume VB 32282 409 18 that that IN 32282 409 19 Otis Otis NNP 32282 409 20 ' ' POS 32282 409 21 threat threat NN 32282 409 22 of of IN 32282 409 23 withdrawal withdrawal NN 32282 409 24 prevailed prevail VBD 32282 409 25 , , , 32282 409 26 coupled couple VBN 32282 409 27 as as IN 32282 409 28 it -PRON- PRP 32282 409 29 was be VBD 32282 409 30 with with IN 32282 409 31 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 409 32 's 's POS 32282 409 33 confidence confidence NN 32282 409 34 in in IN 32282 409 35 the the DT 32282 409 36 American american JJ 32282 409 37 equipment equipment NN 32282 409 38 . . . 32282 410 1 The the DT 32282 410 2 system system NN 32282 410 3 went go VBD 32282 410 4 into into IN 32282 410 5 operation operation NN 32282 410 6 as as IN 32282 410 7 originally originally RB 32282 410 8 designed design VBN 32282 410 9 , , , 32282 410 10 free free JJ 32282 410 11 of of IN 32282 410 12 the the DT 32282 410 13 odious odious JJ 32282 410 14 rack rack NN 32282 410 15 and and CC 32282 410 16 pinion pinion NN 32282 410 17 . . . 32282 411 1 That that IN 32282 411 2 , , , 32282 411 3 unfortunately unfortunately RB 32282 411 4 , , , 32282 411 5 was be VBD 32282 411 6 not not RB 32282 411 7 the the DT 32282 411 8 final final JJ 32282 411 9 disagreement disagreement NN 32282 411 10 . . . 32282 412 1 Before before IN 32282 412 2 the the DT 32282 412 3 fair fair NN 32282 412 4 's 's POS 32282 412 5 opening opening NN 32282 412 6 in in IN 32282 412 7 May May NNP 32282 412 8 1889 1889 CD 32282 412 9 , , , 32282 412 10 the the DT 32282 412 11 relationship relationship NN 32282 412 12 was be VBD 32282 412 13 strained strain VBN 32282 412 14 so so RB 32282 412 15 drastically drastically RB 32282 412 16 that that IN 32282 412 17 a a DT 32282 412 18 mutually mutually RB 32282 412 19 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 32282 412 20 conclusion conclusion NN 32282 412 21 to to IN 32282 412 22 the the DT 32282 412 23 project project NN 32282 412 24 must must MD 32282 412 25 indeed indeed RB 32282 412 26 have have VB 32282 412 27 seemed seem VBN 32282 412 28 hopeless hopeless JJ 32282 412 29 . . . 32282 413 1 The the DT 32282 413 2 numerous numerous JJ 32282 413 3 minor minor JJ 32282 413 4 structural structural JJ 32282 413 5 modifications modification NNS 32282 413 6 of of IN 32282 413 7 the the DT 32282 413 8 Tower Tower NNP 32282 413 9 legs leg NNS 32282 413 10 found find VBD 32282 413 11 necessary necessary JJ 32282 413 12 as as IN 32282 413 13 construction construction NN 32282 413 14 progressed progress VBN 32282 413 15 had have VBD 32282 413 16 necessitated necessitate VBN 32282 413 17 certain certain JJ 32282 413 18 equivalent equivalent JJ 32282 413 19 alteration alteration NN 32282 413 20 to to IN 32282 413 21 the the DT 32282 413 22 Otis Otis NNP 32282 413 23 design design NN 32282 413 24 insofar insofar RB 32282 413 25 as as IN 32282 413 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 413 27 dependency dependency NN 32282 413 28 upon upon IN 32282 413 29 the the DT 32282 413 30 framework framework NN 32282 413 31 was be VBD 32282 413 32 affected affect VBN 32282 413 33 . . . 32282 414 1 Consequently consequently RB 32282 414 2 , , , 32282 414 3 work work VB 32282 414 4 on on IN 32282 414 5 the the DT 32282 414 6 machinery machinery NN 32282 414 7 was be VBD 32282 414 8 set set VBN 32282 414 9 back back RP 32282 414 10 by by IN 32282 414 11 some some DT 32282 414 12 months month NNS 32282 414 13 . . . 32282 415 1 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 415 2 was be VBD 32282 415 3 informed inform VBN 32282 415 4 that that IN 32282 415 5 although although IN 32282 415 6 everything everything NN 32282 415 7 was be VBD 32282 415 8 guaranteed guarantee VBN 32282 415 9 to to TO 32282 415 10 be be VB 32282 415 11 in in IN 32282 415 12 full full JJ 32282 415 13 operation operation NN 32282 415 14 by by IN 32282 415 15 opening open VBG 32282 415 16 day day NN 32282 415 17 on on IN 32282 415 18 May May NNP 32282 415 19 1 1 CD 32282 415 20 , , , 32282 415 21 the the DT 32282 415 22 contractual contractual JJ 32282 415 23 deadline deadline NN 32282 415 24 of of IN 32282 415 25 January January NNP 32282 415 26 1 1 CD 32282 415 27 could could MD 32282 415 28 not not RB 32282 415 29 possibly possibly RB 32282 415 30 be be VB 32282 415 31 met meet VBN 32282 415 32 . . . 32282 416 1 Eiffel eiffel NN 32282 416 2 , , , 32282 416 3 now now RB 32282 416 4 unquestionably unquestionably RB 32282 416 5 acting act VBG 32282 416 6 on on IN 32282 416 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 416 8 own own JJ 32282 416 9 volition volition NN 32282 416 10 , , , 32282 416 11 responded respond VBN 32282 416 12 by by IN 32282 416 13 cable cable NN 32282 416 14 , , , 32282 416 15 refusing refuse VBG 32282 416 16 all all DT 32282 416 17 payment payment NN 32282 416 18 . . . 32282 417 1 Charles Charles NNP 32282 417 2 Otis Otis NNP 32282 417 3 ' ' POS 32282 417 4 reply reply NN 32282 417 5 , , , 32282 417 6 a a DT 32282 417 7 classic classic NN 32282 417 8 of of IN 32282 417 9 indignation indignation NN 32282 417 10 , , , 32282 417 11 disclosed disclose VBN 32282 417 12 to to IN 32282 417 13 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 417 14 the the DT 32282 417 15 jeopardy jeopardy NN 32282 417 16 in in IN 32282 417 17 which which WDT 32282 417 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 417 19 impetuosity impetuosity NN 32282 417 20 had have VBD 32282 417 21 placed place VBN 32282 417 22 the the DT 32282 417 23 success success NN 32282 417 24 of of IN 32282 417 25 the the DT 32282 417 26 entire entire JJ 32282 417 27 project project NN 32282 417 28 : : : 32282 417 29 After after RB 32282 417 30 all all RB 32282 417 31 else else RB 32282 417 32 we -PRON- PRP 32282 417 33 have have VBP 32282 417 34 borne bear VBN 32282 417 35 and and CC 32282 417 36 suffered suffer VBN 32282 417 37 and and CC 32282 417 38 achieved achieve VBN 32282 417 39 in in IN 32282 417 40 your -PRON- PRP$ 32282 417 41 behalf behalf NN 32282 417 42 , , , 32282 417 43 we -PRON- PRP 32282 417 44 regard regard VBP 32282 417 45 this this DT 32282 417 46 as as IN 32282 417 47 a a DT 32282 417 48 trifle trifle NN 32282 417 49 too too RB 32282 417 50 much much JJ 32282 417 51 ; ; : 32282 417 52 and and CC 32282 417 53 we -PRON- PRP 32282 417 54 do do VBP 32282 417 55 not not RB 32282 417 56 hesitate hesitate VB 32282 417 57 to to TO 32282 417 58 declare declare VB 32282 417 59 , , , 32282 417 60 in in IN 32282 417 61 the the DT 32282 417 62 strongest strong JJS 32282 417 63 terms term NNS 32282 417 64 possible possible JJ 32282 417 65 to to IN 32282 417 66 the the DT 32282 417 67 English english JJ 32282 417 68 language language NN 32282 417 69 , , , 32282 417 70 that that IN 32282 417 71 we -PRON- PRP 32282 417 72 will will MD 32282 417 73 not not RB 32282 417 74 put put VB 32282 417 75 up up RP 32282 417 76 with with IN 32282 417 77 it -PRON- PRP 32282 417 78 ... ... NFP 32282 417 79 and and CC 32282 417 80 , , , 32282 417 81 if if IN 32282 417 82 there there EX 32282 417 83 is be VBZ 32282 417 84 to to TO 32282 417 85 be be VB 32282 417 86 War war JJ 32282 417 87 , , , 32282 417 88 under under IN 32282 417 89 the the DT 32282 417 90 existing exist VBG 32282 417 91 circumstances circumstance NNS 32282 417 92 , , , 32282 417 93 propose propose VBP 32282 417 94 that that IN 32282 417 95 at at IN 32282 417 96 least least JJS 32282 417 97 part part NN 32282 417 98 of of IN 32282 417 99 it -PRON- PRP 32282 417 100 shall shall MD 32282 417 101 be be VB 32282 417 102 fought fight VBN 32282 417 103 on on IN 32282 417 104 American american JJ 32282 417 105 ground ground NN 32282 417 106 . . . 32282 418 1 If if IN 32282 418 2 Mr. Mr. NNP 32282 418 3 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 418 4 shall shall MD 32282 418 5 , , , 32282 418 6 on on IN 32282 418 7 the the DT 32282 418 8 contrary contrary NN 32282 418 9 , , , 32282 418 10 treat treat VB 32282 418 11 us -PRON- PRP 32282 418 12 as as IN 32282 418 13 we -PRON- PRP 32282 418 14 believe believe VBP 32282 418 15 we -PRON- PRP 32282 418 16 are be VBP 32282 418 17 entitled entitle VBN 32282 418 18 to to TO 32282 418 19 be be VB 32282 418 20 treated treat VBN 32282 418 21 , , , 32282 418 22 under under IN 32282 418 23 the the DT 32282 418 24 circumstances circumstance NNS 32282 418 25 , , , 32282 418 26 and and CC 32282 418 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 418 28 confidence confidence NN 32282 418 29 in in IN 32282 418 30 our -PRON- PRP$ 32282 418 31 integrity integrity NN 32282 418 32 to to TO 32282 418 33 serve serve VB 32282 418 34 him -PRON- PRP 32282 418 35 well well RB 32282 418 36 shall shall MD 32282 418 37 be be VB 32282 418 38 restored restore VBN 32282 418 39 in in IN 32282 418 40 season season NN 32282 418 41 to to TO 32282 418 42 admit admit VB 32282 418 43 of of IN 32282 418 44 the the DT 32282 418 45 completion completion NN 32282 418 46 of of IN 32282 418 47 this this DT 32282 418 48 work work NN 32282 418 49 at at IN 32282 418 50 the the DT 32282 418 51 time time NN 32282 418 52 wanted want VBD 32282 418 53 , , , 32282 418 54 well well UH 32282 418 55 and and CC 32282 418 56 good good JJ 32282 418 57 ; ; : 32282 418 58 but but CC 32282 418 59 it -PRON- PRP 32282 418 60 must must MD 32282 418 61 be be VB 32282 418 62 done do VBN 32282 418 63 at at IN 32282 418 64 once once RB 32282 418 65 ... ... . 32282 418 66 otherwise otherwise RB 32282 418 67 we -PRON- PRP 32282 418 68 shall shall MD 32282 418 69 ship ship VB 32282 418 70 no no DT 32282 418 71 more more JJR 32282 418 72 work work NN 32282 418 73 from from IN 32282 418 74 this this DT 32282 418 75 side side NN 32282 418 76 , , , 32282 418 77 and and CC 32282 418 78 Mr. Mr. NNP 32282 418 79 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 418 80 must must MD 32282 418 81 charge charge VB 32282 418 82 to to IN 32282 418 83 himself -PRON- PRP 32282 418 84 the the DT 32282 418 85 consequences consequence NNS 32282 418 86 of of IN 32282 418 87 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 418 88 own own JJ 32282 418 89 acts act NNS 32282 418 90 . . . 32282 419 1 This this DT 32282 419 2 message message NN 32282 419 3 apparently apparently RB 32282 419 4 had have VBD 32282 419 5 the the DT 32282 419 6 desired desire VBN 32282 419 7 effect effect NN 32282 419 8 and and CC 32282 419 9 the the DT 32282 419 10 matter matter NN 32282 419 11 was be VBD 32282 419 12 somehow somehow RB 32282 419 13 resolved resolve VBN 32282 419 14 , , , 32282 419 15 as as IN 32282 419 16 the the DT 32282 419 17 machinery machinery NN 32282 419 18 was be VBD 32282 419 19 in in IN 32282 419 20 full full JJ 32282 419 21 operation operation NN 32282 419 22 when when WRB 32282 419 23 the the DT 32282 419 24 Exposition exposition NN 32282 419 25 opened open VBD 32282 419 26 . . . 32282 420 1 The the DT 32282 420 2 installation installation NN 32282 420 3 must must MD 32282 420 4 have have VB 32282 420 5 had have VBN 32282 420 6 immense immense JJ 32282 420 7 promotional promotional JJ 32282 420 8 value value NN 32282 420 9 for for IN 32282 420 10 Otis Otis NNP 32282 420 11 Brothers Brothers NNPS 32282 420 12 , , , 32282 420 13 particularly particularly RB 32282 420 14 in in IN 32282 420 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 420 16 contrast contrast NN 32282 420 17 to to IN 32282 420 18 the the DT 32282 420 19 somewhat somewhat RB 32282 420 20 anomalous anomalous JJ 32282 420 21 French french JJ 32282 420 22 system system NN 32282 420 23 . . . 32282 421 1 This this DT 32282 421 2 contrast contrast NN 32282 421 3 evidently evidently RB 32282 421 4 was be VBD 32282 421 5 visible visible JJ 32282 421 6 to to IN 32282 421 7 the the DT 32282 421 8 technically technically RB 32282 421 9 unsophisticated unsophisticated JJ 32282 421 10 as as RB 32282 421 11 well well RB 32282 421 12 as as IN 32282 421 13 to to IN 32282 421 14 visiting visit VBG 32282 421 15 engineers engineer NNS 32282 421 16 . . . 32282 422 1 Several several JJ 32282 422 2 newspapers newspaper NNS 32282 422 3 reported report VBD 32282 422 4 that that IN 32282 422 5 the the DT 32282 422 6 Otis Otis NNP 32282 422 7 elevators elevator NNS 32282 422 8 were be VBD 32282 422 9 one one CD 32282 422 10 of of IN 32282 422 11 the the DT 32282 422 12 best good JJS 32282 422 13 American american JJ 32282 422 14 exhibits exhibit NNS 32282 422 15 at at IN 32282 422 16 the the DT 32282 422 17 fair fair NN 32282 422 18 . . . 32282 423 1 In in IN 32282 423 2 spite spite NN 32282 423 3 of of IN 32282 423 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 423 5 large large JJ 32282 423 6 over over IN 32282 423 7 - - HYPH 32282 423 8 all all DT 32282 423 9 scale scale NN 32282 423 10 and and CC 32282 423 11 the the DT 32282 423 12 complication complication NN 32282 423 13 of of IN 32282 423 14 the the DT 32282 423 15 basic basic JJ 32282 423 16 pattern pattern NN 32282 423 17 imposed impose VBN 32282 423 18 by by IN 32282 423 19 the the DT 32282 423 20 unique unique JJ 32282 423 21 situation situation NN 32282 423 22 , , , 32282 423 23 the the DT 32282 423 24 Otis Otis NNP 32282 423 25 elevators elevator NNS 32282 423 26 performed perform VBD 32282 423 27 well well RB 32282 423 28 and and CC 32282 423 29 justified justify VBD 32282 423 30 the the DT 32282 423 31 original original JJ 32282 423 32 judgment judgment NN 32282 423 33 and and CC 32282 423 34 confidence confidence NN 32282 423 35 which which WDT 32282 423 36 had have VBD 32282 423 37 prompted prompt VBN 32282 423 38 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 423 39 to to TO 32282 423 40 fight fight VB 32282 423 41 for for IN 32282 423 42 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 423 43 installation installation NN 32282 423 44 . . . 32282 424 1 Aside aside RB 32282 424 2 from from IN 32282 424 3 the the DT 32282 424 4 obvious obvious JJ 32282 424 5 advantage advantage NN 32282 424 6 of of IN 32282 424 7 simplicity simplicity NN 32282 424 8 when when WRB 32282 424 9 compared compare VBN 32282 424 10 to to IN 32282 424 11 the the DT 32282 424 12 French french JJ 32282 424 13 machines machine NNS 32282 424 14 , , , 32282 424 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 424 16 operation operation NN 32282 424 17 was be VBD 32282 424 18 relatively relatively RB 32282 424 19 quiet quiet JJ 32282 424 20 , , , 32282 424 21 and and CC 32282 424 22 fast fast RB 32282 424 23 . . . 32282 425 1 The the DT 32282 425 2 double double JJ 32282 425 3 car car NN 32282 425 4 , , , 32282 425 5 traveling travel VBG 32282 425 6 at at IN 32282 425 7 400 400 CD 32282 425 8 feet foot NNS 32282 425 9 per per IN 32282 425 10 minute minute NN 32282 425 11 , , , 32282 425 12 carried carry VBD 32282 425 13 40 40 CD 32282 425 14 persons person NNS 32282 425 15 , , , 32282 425 16 all all DT 32282 425 17 seated seat VBN 32282 425 18 because because IN 32282 425 19 of of IN 32282 425 20 the the DT 32282 425 21 change change NN 32282 425 22 of of IN 32282 425 23 inclination inclination NN 32282 425 24 . . . 32282 426 1 The the DT 32282 426 2 main main JJ 32282 426 3 valve valve NN 32282 426 4 or or CC 32282 426 5 distributor distributor NN 32282 426 6 that that WDT 32282 426 7 controlled control VBD 32282 426 8 the the DT 32282 426 9 flow flow NN 32282 426 10 of of IN 32282 426 11 water water NN 32282 426 12 to to IN 32282 426 13 and and CC 32282 426 14 from from IN 32282 426 15 the the DT 32282 426 16 driving drive VBG 32282 426 17 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 426 18 was be VBD 32282 426 19 operated operate VBN 32282 426 20 from from IN 32282 426 21 the the DT 32282 426 22 car car NN 32282 426 23 by by IN 32282 426 24 cables cable NNS 32282 426 25 . . . 32282 427 1 The the DT 32282 427 2 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 427 3 head head NN 32282 427 4 necessary necessary JJ 32282 427 5 to to TO 32282 427 6 produce produce VB 32282 427 7 pressure pressure NN 32282 427 8 within within IN 32282 427 9 the the DT 32282 427 10 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 427 11 was be VBD 32282 427 12 obtained obtain VBN 32282 427 13 from from IN 32282 427 14 a a DT 32282 427 15 large large JJ 32282 427 16 open open JJ 32282 427 17 reservoir reservoir NN 32282 427 18 on on IN 32282 427 19 the the DT 32282 427 20 second second JJ 32282 427 21 platform platform NN 32282 427 22 . . . 32282 428 1 After after IN 32282 428 2 being be VBG 32282 428 3 exhausted exhaust VBN 32282 428 4 from from IN 32282 428 5 the the DT 32282 428 6 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 428 7 , , , 32282 428 8 the the DT 32282 428 9 water water NN 32282 428 10 was be VBD 32282 428 11 pumped pump VBN 32282 428 12 back back RP 32282 428 13 up up RP 32282 428 14 by by IN 32282 428 15 two two CD 32282 428 16 Girard Girard NNP 32282 428 17 pumps pump NNS 32282 428 18 ( ( -LRB- 32282 428 19 fig fig NN 32282 428 20 . . . 32282 429 1 31 31 CD 32282 429 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 429 3 in in IN 32282 429 4 the the DT 32282 429 5 engine engine NN 32282 429 6 room room NN 32282 429 7 at at IN 32282 429 8 the the DT 32282 429 9 base base NN 32282 429 10 of of IN 32282 429 11 the the DT 32282 429 12 Tower Tower NNP 32282 429 13 's 's POS 32282 429 14 south south JJ 32282 429 15 leg leg NN 32282 429 16 . . . 32282 430 1 THE the DT 32282 430 2 SYSTEM system NN 32282 430 3 OF of IN 32282 430 4 ROUX ROUX NNS 32282 430 5 , , , 32282 430 6 COMBALUZIER COMBALUZIER NNP 32282 430 7 AND and CC 32282 430 8 LEPAPE LEPAPE NNP 32282 430 9 There there EX 32282 430 10 can can MD 32282 430 11 be be VB 32282 430 12 little little JJ 32282 430 13 doubt doubt NN 32282 430 14 that that IN 32282 430 15 the the DT 32282 430 16 French french JJ 32282 430 17 elevators elevator NNS 32282 430 18 placed place VBN 32282 430 19 in in IN 32282 430 20 the the DT 32282 430 21 east east NNP 32282 430 22 and and CC 32282 430 23 west west NNP 32282 430 24 piers pier NNS 32282 430 25 to to TO 32282 430 26 carry carry VB 32282 430 27 visitors visitor NNS 32282 430 28 to to IN 32282 430 29 the the DT 32282 430 30 first first JJ 32282 430 31 stage stage NN 32282 430 32 of of IN 32282 430 33 the the DT 32282 430 34 Tower Tower NNP 32282 430 35 had have VBD 32282 430 36 the the DT 32282 430 37 important important JJ 32282 430 38 secondary secondary JJ 32282 430 39 function function NN 32282 430 40 of of IN 32282 430 41 saving save VBG 32282 430 42 face face NN 32282 430 43 . . . 32282 431 1 That that IN 32282 431 2 an an DT 32282 431 3 engineer engineer NN 32282 431 4 of of IN 32282 431 5 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 431 6 's 's POS 32282 431 7 mechanical mechanical JJ 32282 431 8 perception perception NN 32282 431 9 would would MD 32282 431 10 have have VB 32282 431 11 permitted permit VBN 32282 431 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 431 13 use use NN 32282 431 14 , , , 32282 431 15 unless unless IN 32282 431 16 compelled compel VBN 32282 431 17 to to TO 32282 431 18 do do VB 32282 431 19 so so RB 32282 431 20 by by IN 32282 431 21 the the DT 32282 431 22 Exposition Exposition NNP 32282 431 23 Commission Commission NNP 32282 431 24 , , , 32282 431 25 is be VBZ 32282 431 26 unthinkable unthinkable JJ 32282 431 27 . . . 32282 432 1 Whatever whatever WDT 32282 432 2 the the DT 32282 432 3 attitudes attitude NNS 32282 432 4 of of IN 32282 432 5 the the DT 32282 432 6 commissioners commissioner NNS 32282 432 7 may may MD 32282 432 8 have have VB 32282 432 9 been be VBN 32282 432 10 , , , 32282 432 11 it -PRON- PRP 32282 432 12 must must MD 32282 432 13 be be VB 32282 432 14 said say VBN 32282 432 15 -- -- : 32282 432 16 recalling recall VBG 32282 432 17 the the DT 32282 432 18 Backmann Backmann NNP 32282 432 19 system system NN 32282 432 20 -- -- : 32282 432 21 that that IN 32282 432 22 they -PRON- PRP 32282 432 23 did do VBD 32282 432 24 not not RB 32282 432 25 fear fear VB 32282 432 26 innovation innovation NN 32282 432 27 . . . 32282 433 1 The the DT 32282 433 2 machinery machinery NN 32282 433 3 installed instal VBN 32282 433 4 by by IN 32282 433 5 the the DT 32282 433 6 firm firm NN 32282 433 7 of of IN 32282 433 8 Roux Roux NNP 32282 433 9 , , , 32282 433 10 Combaluzier Combaluzier NNP 32282 433 11 and and CC 32282 433 12 Lepape Lepape NNP 32282 433 13 was be VBD 32282 433 14 novel novel JJ 32282 433 15 in in IN 32282 433 16 every every DT 32282 433 17 respect respect NN 32282 433 18 , , , 32282 433 19 but but CC 32282 433 20 it -PRON- PRP 32282 433 21 was be VBD 32282 433 22 a a DT 32282 433 23 product product NN 32282 433 24 of of IN 32282 433 25 misguided misguided JJ 32282 433 26 ingenuity ingenuity NN 32282 433 27 and and CC 32282 433 28 set set VBD 32282 433 29 no no DT 32282 433 30 precedent precedent NN 32282 433 31 . . . 32282 434 1 The the DT 32282 434 2 system system NN 32282 434 3 , , , 32282 434 4 never never RB 32282 434 5 duplicated duplicate VBN 32282 434 6 , , , 32282 434 7 was be VBD 32282 434 8 conceived conceive VBN 32282 434 9 , , , 32282 434 10 born bear VBN 32282 434 11 , , , 32282 434 12 lived live VBD 32282 434 13 a a DT 32282 434 14 brief brief NN 32282 434 15 and and CC 32282 434 16 not not RB 32282 434 17 overly overly RB 32282 434 18 creditable creditable JJ 32282 434 19 life life NN 32282 434 20 , , , 32282 434 21 and and CC 32282 434 22 died die VBD 32282 434 23 , , , 32282 434 24 entirely entirely RB 32282 434 25 within within IN 32282 434 26 the the DT 32282 434 27 Tower Tower NNP 32282 434 28 . . . 32282 435 1 Basis basis NN 32282 435 2 of of IN 32282 435 3 the the DT 32282 435 4 French french JJ 32282 435 5 system system NN 32282 435 6 was be VBD 32282 435 7 an an DT 32282 435 8 endless endless JJ 32282 435 9 chain chain NN 32282 435 10 of of IN 32282 435 11 short short JJ 32282 435 12 , , , 32282 435 13 rigid rigid JJ 32282 435 14 , , , 32282 435 15 articulated articulate VBN 32282 435 16 links link NNS 32282 435 17 ( ( -LRB- 32282 435 18 fig fig NN 32282 435 19 . . . 32282 436 1 35 35 CD 32282 436 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 436 3 , , , 32282 436 4 to to IN 32282 436 5 one one CD 32282 436 6 point point NN 32282 436 7 of of IN 32282 436 8 which which WDT 32282 436 9 the the DT 32282 436 10 car car NN 32282 436 11 was be VBD 32282 436 12 attached attach VBN 32282 436 13 . . . 32282 437 1 As as IN 32282 437 2 the the DT 32282 437 3 chain chain NN 32282 437 4 moved move VBD 32282 437 5 , , , 32282 437 6 the the DT 32282 437 7 car car NN 32282 437 8 was be VBD 32282 437 9 raised raise VBN 32282 437 10 or or CC 32282 437 11 lowered lower VBN 32282 437 12 . . . 32282 438 1 Recalling recall VBG 32282 438 2 the the DT 32282 438 3 European european JJ 32282 438 4 distrust distrust NN 32282 438 5 of of IN 32282 438 6 suspended suspend VBN 32282 438 7 elevators elevator NNS 32282 438 8 , , , 32282 438 9 it -PRON- PRP 32282 438 10 is be VBZ 32282 438 11 interesting interesting JJ 32282 438 12 to to TO 32282 438 13 note note VB 32282 438 14 that that IN 32282 438 15 the the DT 32282 438 16 car car NN 32282 438 17 was be VBD 32282 438 18 pushed push VBN 32282 438 19 up up RP 32282 438 20 by by IN 32282 438 21 the the DT 32282 438 22 links link NNS 32282 438 23 below below RB 32282 438 24 , , , 32282 438 25 not not RB 32282 438 26 drawn draw VBN 32282 438 27 by by IN 32282 438 28 those those DT 32282 438 29 above above RB 32282 438 30 , , , 32282 438 31 thus thus RB 32282 438 32 the the DT 32282 438 33 active active JJ 32282 438 34 links link NNS 32282 438 35 were be VBD 32282 438 36 in in IN 32282 438 37 compression compression NN 32282 438 38 . . . 32282 439 1 To to TO 32282 439 2 prevent prevent VB 32282 439 3 buckling buckling NN 32282 439 4 of of IN 32282 439 5 the the DT 32282 439 6 column column NN 32282 439 7 , , , 32282 439 8 the the DT 32282 439 9 chain chain NN 32282 439 10 was be VBD 32282 439 11 enclosed enclose VBN 32282 439 12 in in IN 32282 439 13 a a DT 32282 439 14 conduit conduit NN 32282 439 15 ( ( -LRB- 32282 439 16 fig fig NN 32282 439 17 . . . 32282 440 1 36 36 CD 32282 440 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 440 3 . . . 32282 441 1 Excessive excessive JJ 32282 441 2 friction friction NN 32282 441 3 was be VBD 32282 441 4 prevented prevent VBN 32282 441 5 by by IN 32282 441 6 a a DT 32282 441 7 pair pair NN 32282 441 8 of of IN 32282 441 9 small small JJ 32282 441 10 rollers roller NNS 32282 441 11 at at IN 32282 441 12 each each DT 32282 441 13 of of IN 32282 441 14 the the DT 32282 441 15 knuckle knuckle JJ 32282 441 16 joints joint NNS 32282 441 17 between between IN 32282 441 18 the the DT 32282 441 19 links link NNS 32282 441 20 . . . 32282 442 1 The the DT 32282 442 2 system system NN 32282 442 3 was be VBD 32282 442 4 , , , 32282 442 5 in in IN 32282 442 6 fact fact NN 32282 442 7 , , , 32282 442 8 a a DT 32282 442 9 duplicate duplicate JJ 32282 442 10 one one NN 32282 442 11 , , , 32282 442 12 with with IN 32282 442 13 a a DT 32282 442 14 chain chain NN 32282 442 15 on on IN 32282 442 16 either either DT 32282 442 17 side side NN 32282 442 18 of of IN 32282 442 19 the the DT 32282 442 20 car car NN 32282 442 21 . . . 32282 443 1 At at IN 32282 443 2 the the DT 32282 443 3 bottom bottom NN 32282 443 4 of of IN 32282 443 5 the the DT 32282 443 6 run run NN 32282 443 7 the the DT 32282 443 8 chains chain NNS 32282 443 9 passed pass VBN 32282 443 10 around around RP 32282 443 11 huge huge JJ 32282 443 12 sprocket sprocket NN 32282 443 13 wheels wheel NNS 32282 443 14 , , , 32282 443 15 12.80 12.80 CD 32282 443 16 feet foot NNS 32282 443 17 in in IN 32282 443 18 diameter diameter NN 32282 443 19 , , , 32282 443 20 with with IN 32282 443 21 pockets pocket NNS 32282 443 22 on on IN 32282 443 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 443 24 peripheries periphery NNS 32282 443 25 to to TO 32282 443 26 engage engage VB 32282 443 27 the the DT 32282 443 28 joints joint NNS 32282 443 29 . . . 32282 444 1 Smaller small JJR 32282 444 2 wheels wheel NNS 32282 444 3 at at IN 32282 444 4 the the DT 32282 444 5 top top NN 32282 444 6 guided guide VBD 32282 444 7 the the DT 32282 444 8 chains chain NNS 32282 444 9 . . . 32282 445 1 If if IN 32282 445 2 by by IN 32282 445 3 some some DT 32282 445 4 motive motive JJ 32282 445 5 force force NN 32282 445 6 the the DT 32282 445 7 wheel wheel NN 32282 445 8 ( ( -LRB- 32282 445 9 fig fig VB 32282 445 10 . . . 32282 446 1 33 33 CD 32282 446 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 446 3 were be VBD 32282 446 4 turned turn VBN 32282 446 5 counterclockwise counterclockwise NN 32282 446 6 , , , 32282 446 7 the the DT 32282 446 8 lower low JJR 32282 446 9 half half NN 32282 446 10 of of IN 32282 446 11 the the DT 32282 446 12 chain chain NN 32282 446 13 would would MD 32282 446 14 be be VB 32282 446 15 driven drive VBN 32282 446 16 upward upward RB 32282 446 17 , , , 32282 446 18 carrying carry VBG 32282 446 19 the the DT 32282 446 20 car car NN 32282 446 21 with with IN 32282 446 22 it -PRON- PRP 32282 446 23 . . . 32282 447 1 Slots slot NNS 32282 447 2 on on IN 32282 447 3 the the DT 32282 447 4 inside inside JJ 32282 447 5 faces face NNS 32282 447 6 of of IN 32282 447 7 the the DT 32282 447 8 lower low JJR 32282 447 9 guide guide NN 32282 447 10 trunks trunk NNS 32282 447 11 permitted permit VBD 32282 447 12 passage passage NN 32282 447 13 of of IN 32282 447 14 the the DT 32282 447 15 connection connection NN 32282 447 16 between between IN 32282 447 17 the the DT 32282 447 18 car car NN 32282 447 19 and and CC 32282 447 20 chain chain NN 32282 447 21 . . . 32282 448 1 Lead lead VB 32282 448 2 weights weight NNS 32282 448 3 on on IN 32282 448 4 certain certain JJ 32282 448 5 links link NNS 32282 448 6 of of IN 32282 448 7 the the DT 32282 448 8 chains chain NNS 32282 448 9 ' ' POS 32282 448 10 upper upper JJ 32282 448 11 or or CC 32282 448 12 return return NN 32282 448 13 sections section NNS 32282 448 14 counterbalanced counterbalance VBD 32282 448 15 most most JJS 32282 448 16 of of IN 32282 448 17 the the DT 32282 448 18 car car NN 32282 448 19 's 's POS 32282 448 20 dead dead JJ 32282 448 21 weight weight NN 32282 448 22 . . . 32282 449 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 449 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 449 3 : : : 32282 449 4 Figure figure NN 32282 449 5 28.--Plan 28.--Plan NNS 32282 449 6 and and CC 32282 449 7 section section NN 32282 449 8 of of IN 32282 449 9 the the DT 32282 449 10 Otis Otis NNP 32282 449 11 system system NN 32282 449 12 's 's POS 32282 449 13 movable movable JJ 32282 449 14 pulley pulley NN 32282 449 15 assembly assembly NNP 32282 449 16 , , , 32282 449 17 or or CC 32282 449 18 chariot chariot NN 32282 449 19 . . . 32282 450 1 Piston Piston NNP 32282 450 2 rods rod NNS 32282 450 3 are be VBP 32282 450 4 at at IN 32282 450 5 left left JJ 32282 450 6 . . . 32282 451 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 451 2 Adapted adapt VBN 32282 451 3 from from IN 32282 451 4 _ _ NNP 32282 451 5 The the DT 32282 451 6 Engineer Engineer NNP 32282 451 7 _ _ NNP 32282 451 8 ( ( -LRB- 32282 451 9 London London NNP 32282 451 10 ) ) -RRB- 32282 451 11 , , , 32282 451 12 July July NNP 32282 451 13 19 19 CD 32282 451 14 , , , 32282 451 15 1889 1889 CD 32282 451 16 , , , 32282 451 17 vol vol NNP 32282 451 18 . . . 32282 452 1 68 68 CD 32282 452 2 , , , 32282 452 3 p. p. NN 32282 453 1 58 58 CD 32282 453 2 . . . 32282 453 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 453 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 454 1 Two two CD 32282 454 2 horizontal horizontal JJ 32282 454 3 cylinders cylinder NNS 32282 454 4 rotated rotate VBD 32282 454 5 the the DT 32282 454 6 driving drive VBG 32282 454 7 sprockets sprocket NNS 32282 454 8 through through IN 32282 454 9 a a DT 32282 454 10 mechanism mechanism NN 32282 454 11 whose whose WP$ 32282 454 12 effect effect NN 32282 454 13 was be VBD 32282 454 14 similar similar JJ 32282 454 15 to to IN 32282 454 16 the the DT 32282 454 17 rope rope NN 32282 454 18 - - HYPH 32282 454 19 gearing gearing NN 32282 454 20 of of IN 32282 454 21 the the DT 32282 454 22 standard standard JJ 32282 454 23 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 454 24 elevator elevator NN 32282 454 25 , , , 32282 454 26 but but CC 32282 454 27 which which WDT 32282 454 28 might may MD 32282 454 29 be be VB 32282 454 30 described describe VBN 32282 454 31 as as IN 32282 454 32 chain chain NN 32282 454 33 gearing gearing NN 32282 454 34 . . . 32282 455 1 The the DT 32282 455 2 cylinders cylinder NNS 32282 455 3 were be VBD 32282 455 4 of of IN 32282 455 5 the the DT 32282 455 6 pushing pushing NN 32282 455 7 rather rather RB 32282 455 8 than than IN 32282 455 9 the the DT 32282 455 10 pulling pull VBG 32282 455 11 type type NN 32282 455 12 used use VBN 32282 455 13 in in IN 32282 455 14 the the DT 32282 455 15 Otis Otis NNP 32282 455 16 system system NN 32282 455 17 ; ; : 32282 455 18 that that RB 32282 455 19 is is RB 32282 455 20 , , , 32282 455 21 the the DT 32282 455 22 pressure pressure NN 32282 455 23 was be VBD 32282 455 24 introduced introduce VBN 32282 455 25 behind behind IN 32282 455 26 the the DT 32282 455 27 plungers plunger NNS 32282 455 28 , , , 32282 455 29 driving drive VBG 32282 455 30 them -PRON- PRP 32282 455 31 out out RP 32282 455 32 . . . 32282 456 1 To to IN 32282 456 2 the the DT 32282 456 3 ends end NNS 32282 456 4 of of IN 32282 456 5 the the DT 32282 456 6 plungers plunger NNS 32282 456 7 were be VBD 32282 456 8 fixed fix VBN 32282 456 9 smooth smooth JJ 32282 456 10 - - HYPH 32282 456 11 faced faced JJ 32282 456 12 sheaves sheaf NNS 32282 456 13 , , , 32282 456 14 over over IN 32282 456 15 which which WDT 32282 456 16 were be VBD 32282 456 17 looped loop VBN 32282 456 18 heavy heavy JJ 32282 456 19 quadruple quadruple JJ 32282 456 20 - - HYPH 32282 456 21 link link NN 32282 456 22 pitch pitch NN 32282 456 23 chains chain NNS 32282 456 24 , , , 32282 456 25 one one CD 32282 456 26 end end NN 32282 456 27 of of IN 32282 456 28 each each DT 32282 456 29 being be VBG 32282 456 30 solidly solidly RB 32282 456 31 attached attach VBN 32282 456 32 to to IN 32282 456 33 the the DT 32282 456 34 machine machine NN 32282 456 35 base base NN 32282 456 36 . . . 32282 457 1 The the DT 32282 457 2 free free JJ 32282 457 3 ends end NNS 32282 457 4 ran run VBD 32282 457 5 under under IN 32282 457 6 the the DT 32282 457 7 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 457 8 and and CC 32282 457 9 made make VBD 32282 457 10 another another DT 32282 457 11 half half JJ 32282 457 12 - - HYPH 32282 457 13 wrap wrap NN 32282 457 14 around around IN 32282 457 15 small small JJ 32282 457 16 sprockets sprocket NNS 32282 457 17 keyed key VBD 32282 457 18 to to IN 32282 457 19 the the DT 32282 457 20 main main JJ 32282 457 21 drive drive NN 32282 457 22 shaft shaft NN 32282 457 23 . . . 32282 458 1 As as IN 32282 458 2 the the DT 32282 458 3 plungers plunger NNS 32282 458 4 were be VBD 32282 458 5 forced force VBN 32282 458 6 outward outward RB 32282 458 7 , , , 32282 458 8 the the DT 32282 458 9 free free JJ 32282 458 10 ends end NNS 32282 458 11 of of IN 32282 458 12 the the DT 32282 458 13 chain chain NN 32282 458 14 moved move VBD 32282 458 15 in in IN 32282 458 16 the the DT 32282 458 17 opposite opposite JJ 32282 458 18 direction direction NN 32282 458 19 , , , 32282 458 20 at at IN 32282 458 21 twice twice PDT 32282 458 22 the the DT 32282 458 23 velocity velocity NN 32282 458 24 and and CC 32282 458 25 linear linear JJ 32282 458 26 displacement displacement NN 32282 458 27 of of IN 32282 458 28 the the DT 32282 458 29 plungers plunger NNS 32282 458 30 . . . 32282 459 1 The the DT 32282 459 2 drive drive NN 32282 459 3 sprockets sprocket NNS 32282 459 4 were be VBD 32282 459 5 thereby thereby RB 32282 459 6 revolved revolve VBN 32282 459 7 , , , 32282 459 8 driving drive VBG 32282 459 9 up up RP 32282 459 10 the the DT 32282 459 11 car car NN 32282 459 12 . . . 32282 460 1 Descent Descent NNP 32282 460 2 was be VBD 32282 460 3 made make VBN 32282 460 4 simply simply RB 32282 460 5 by by IN 32282 460 6 permitting permit VBG 32282 460 7 the the DT 32282 460 8 cylinders cylinder NNS 32282 460 9 to to IN 32282 460 10 exhaust exhaust VB 32282 460 11 , , , 32282 460 12 the the DT 32282 460 13 car car NN 32282 460 14 dropping dropping NN 32282 460 15 of of IN 32282 460 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 460 17 own own JJ 32282 460 18 weight weight NN 32282 460 19 . . . 32282 461 1 The the DT 32282 461 2 over over IN 32282 461 3 - - HYPH 32282 461 4 all all DT 32282 461 5 gear gear NN 32282 461 6 or or CC 32282 461 7 ratio ratio NN 32282 461 8 of of IN 32282 461 9 the the DT 32282 461 10 system system NN 32282 461 11 was be VBD 32282 461 12 the the DT 32282 461 13 multiplication multiplication NN 32282 461 14 due due IN 32282 461 15 to to IN 32282 461 16 the the DT 32282 461 17 double double JJ 32282 461 18 purchase purchase NN 32282 461 19 of of IN 32282 461 20 the the DT 32282 461 21 plunger plunger NN 32282 461 22 sheaves sheave VBZ 32282 461 23 times time NNS 32282 461 24 the the DT 32282 461 25 ratio ratio NN 32282 461 26 of of IN 32282 461 27 the the DT 32282 461 28 chain chain NN 32282 461 29 and and CC 32282 461 30 drive drive VB 32282 461 31 sprocket sprocket NN 32282 461 32 diameters diameter NNS 32282 461 33 : : : 32282 461 34 2(12.80/1.97 2(12.80/1.97 CD 32282 461 35 ) ) -RRB- 32282 461 36 or or CC 32282 461 37 about about IN 32282 461 38 13:1 13:1 CD 32282 461 39 . . . 32282 462 1 To to TO 32282 462 2 drive drive VB 32282 462 3 the the DT 32282 462 4 car car NN 32282 462 5 218 218 CD 32282 462 6 feet foot NNS 32282 462 7 to to IN 32282 462 8 the the DT 32282 462 9 first first JJ 32282 462 10 platform platform NN 32282 462 11 of of IN 32282 462 12 the the DT 32282 462 13 Tower Tower NNP 32282 462 14 the the DT 32282 462 15 plungers plunger NNS 32282 462 16 traveled travel VBD 32282 462 17 only only RB 32282 462 18 about about IN 32282 462 19 16.5 16.5 CD 32282 462 20 feet foot NNS 32282 462 21 . . . 32282 463 1 To to TO 32282 463 2 penetrate penetrate VB 32282 463 3 the the DT 32282 463 4 inventive inventive JJ 32282 463 5 rationale rationale NN 32282 463 6 behind behind IN 32282 463 7 this this DT 32282 463 8 strange strange JJ 32282 463 9 machine machine NN 32282 463 10 is be VBZ 32282 463 11 not not RB 32282 463 12 difficult difficult JJ 32282 463 13 . . . 32282 464 1 Aware aware JJ 32282 464 2 of of IN 32282 464 3 the the DT 32282 464 4 fundamental fundamental JJ 32282 464 5 dictum dictum NN 32282 464 6 of of IN 32282 464 7 absolute absolute JJ 32282 464 8 safety safety NN 32282 464 9 before before RB 32282 464 10 all all DT 32282 464 11 else else RB 32282 464 12 , , , 32282 464 13 the the DT 32282 464 14 Roux Roux NNP 32282 464 15 engineers engineer NNS 32282 464 16 turned turn VBD 32282 464 17 logically logically RB 32282 464 18 to to IN 32282 464 19 the the DT 32282 464 20 safest safe JJS 32282 464 21 known know VBN 32282 464 22 elevator elevator NN 32282 464 23 type type NN 32282 464 24 -- -- : 32282 464 25 the the DT 32282 464 26 direct direct JJ 32282 464 27 plunger plunger NN 32282 464 28 . . . 32282 465 1 This this DT 32282 465 2 type type NN 32282 465 3 of of IN 32282 465 4 elevator elevator NN 32282 465 5 , , , 32282 465 6 being be VBG 32282 465 7 well well RB 32282 465 8 suited suited JJ 32282 465 9 to to IN 32282 465 10 low low JJ 32282 465 11 rises rise NNS 32282 465 12 , , , 32282 465 13 formed form VBD 32282 465 14 the the DT 32282 465 15 main main JJ 32282 465 16 body body NN 32282 465 17 of of IN 32282 465 18 European european JJ 32282 465 19 practice practice NN 32282 465 20 at at IN 32282 465 21 the the DT 32282 465 22 time time NN 32282 465 23 , , , 32282 465 24 and and CC 32282 465 25 in in IN 32282 465 26 this this DT 32282 465 27 fact fact NN 32282 465 28 lay lie VBD 32282 465 29 the the DT 32282 465 30 further further JJ 32282 465 31 attraction attraction NN 32282 465 32 of of IN 32282 465 33 a a DT 32282 465 34 system system NN 32282 465 35 firmly firmly RB 32282 465 36 based base VBN 32282 465 37 on on IN 32282 465 38 tradition tradition NN 32282 465 39 . . . 32282 466 1 Since since IN 32282 466 2 the the DT 32282 466 3 piers pier NNS 32282 466 4 between between IN 32282 466 5 the the DT 32282 466 6 ground ground NN 32282 466 7 and and CC 32282 466 8 first first JJ 32282 466 9 platform platform NN 32282 466 10 could could MD 32282 466 11 accommodate accommodate VB 32282 466 12 a a DT 32282 466 13 straight straight JJ 32282 466 14 , , , 32282 466 15 although although IN 32282 466 16 inclined inclined JJ 32282 466 17 run run NN 32282 466 18 , , , 32282 466 19 the the DT 32282 466 20 solution solution NN 32282 466 21 might may MD 32282 466 22 obviously obviously RB 32282 466 23 have have VB 32282 466 24 been be VBN 32282 466 25 to to TO 32282 466 26 use use VB 32282 466 27 an an DT 32282 466 28 inclined inclined JJ 32282 466 29 , , , 32282 466 30 direct direct JJ 32282 466 31 plunger plunger NN 32282 466 32 . . . 32282 467 1 The the DT 32282 467 2 only only JJ 32282 467 3 difficulty difficulty NN 32282 467 4 would would MD 32282 467 5 have have VB 32282 467 6 been be VBN 32282 467 7 that that DT 32282 467 8 of of IN 32282 467 9 drilling drill VBG 32282 467 10 a a DT 32282 467 11 220-foot 220-foot CD 32282 467 12 , , , 32282 467 13 inclined incline VBN 32282 467 14 well well RB 32282 467 15 for for IN 32282 467 16 the the DT 32282 467 17 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 467 18 . . . 32282 468 1 While while IN 32282 468 2 a a DT 32282 468 3 difficult difficult JJ 32282 468 4 problem problem NN 32282 468 5 , , , 32282 468 6 it -PRON- PRP 32282 468 7 would would MD 32282 468 8 not not RB 32282 468 9 have have VB 32282 468 10 been be VBN 32282 468 11 insurmountable insurmountable JJ 32282 468 12 . . . 32282 469 1 What what WP 32282 469 2 then then RB 32282 469 3 was be VBD 32282 469 4 the the DT 32282 469 5 reason reason NN 32282 469 6 for for IN 32282 469 7 using use VBG 32282 469 8 a a DT 32282 469 9 design design NN 32282 469 10 vastly vastly RB 32282 469 11 more more RBR 32282 469 12 complex complex JJ 32282 469 13 ? ? . 32282 470 1 The the DT 32282 470 2 only only JJ 32282 470 3 reasonable reasonable JJ 32282 470 4 answer answer NN 32282 470 5 that that WDT 32282 470 6 presents present VBZ 32282 470 7 itself -PRON- PRP 32282 470 8 is be VBZ 32282 470 9 that that IN 32282 470 10 the the DT 32282 470 11 designers designer NNS 32282 470 12 , , , 32282 470 13 working work VBG 32282 470 14 in in IN 32282 470 15 a a DT 32282 470 16 period period NN 32282 470 17 before before IN 32282 470 18 the the DT 32282 470 19 Otis Otis NNP 32282 470 20 bid bid NN 32282 470 21 had have VBD 32282 470 22 been be VBN 32282 470 23 accepted accept VBN 32282 470 24 , , , 32282 470 25 were be VBD 32282 470 26 attempting attempt VBG 32282 470 27 to to TO 32282 470 28 evolve evolve VB 32282 470 29 an an DT 32282 470 30 apparatus apparatus NN 32282 470 31 capable capable JJ 32282 470 32 of of IN 32282 470 33 the the DT 32282 470 34 complete complete JJ 32282 470 35 service service NN 32282 470 36 to to IN 32282 470 37 the the DT 32282 470 38 second second JJ 32282 470 39 platform platform NN 32282 470 40 . . . 32282 471 1 The the DT 32282 471 2 use use NN 32282 471 3 of of IN 32282 471 4 a a DT 32282 471 5 rigid rigid JJ 32282 471 6 direct direct JJ 32282 471 7 plunger plunger NN 32282 471 8 thus thus RB 32282 471 9 precluded preclude VBD 32282 471 10 , , , 32282 471 11 it -PRON- PRP 32282 471 12 became become VBD 32282 471 13 necessary necessary JJ 32282 471 14 to to TO 32282 471 15 transpose transpose VB 32282 471 16 the the DT 32282 471 17 basic basic JJ 32282 471 18 idea idea NN 32282 471 19 in in IN 32282 471 20 order order NN 32282 471 21 to to TO 32282 471 22 adapt adapt VB 32282 471 23 it -PRON- PRP 32282 471 24 to to IN 32282 471 25 the the DT 32282 471 26 curvature curvature NN 32282 471 27 of of IN 32282 471 28 the the DT 32282 471 29 Tower Tower NNP 32282 471 30 leg leg NN 32282 471 31 , , , 32282 471 32 and and CC 32282 471 33 at at IN 32282 471 34 the the DT 32282 471 35 same same JJ 32282 471 36 time time NN 32282 471 37 retain retain VB 32282 471 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 471 39 inherent inherent JJ 32282 471 40 quality quality NN 32282 471 41 of of IN 32282 471 42 safety safety NN 32282 471 43 . . . 32282 472 1 Continuing continue VBG 32282 472 2 the the DT 32282 472 3 conceptual conceptual JJ 32282 472 4 sequence sequence NN 32282 472 5 , , , 32282 472 6 the the DT 32282 472 7 idea idea NN 32282 472 8 of of IN 32282 472 9 a a DT 32282 472 10 plunger plunger NN 32282 472 11 made make VBN 32282 472 12 in in IN 32282 472 13 some some DT 32282 472 14 manner manner NN 32282 472 15 flexible flexible JJ 32282 472 16 apparently apparently RB 32282 472 17 suggested suggest VBD 32282 472 18 itself -PRON- PRP 32282 472 19 , , , 32282 472 20 becoming become VBG 32282 472 21 the the DT 32282 472 22 heart heart NN 32282 472 23 of of IN 32282 472 24 the the DT 32282 472 25 Roux Roux NNP 32282 472 26 machines machine NNS 32282 472 27 . . . 32282 473 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 473 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 473 3 : : : 32282 473 4 Figure figure VB 32282 473 5 29.--Section 29.--section CD 32282 473 6 through through IN 32282 473 7 cabin cabin NN 32282 473 8 of of IN 32282 473 9 the the DT 32282 473 10 Otis Otis NNP 32282 473 11 elevator elevator NN 32282 473 12 . . . 32282 474 1 Note note VB 32282 474 2 the the DT 32282 474 3 pivoted pivoted JJ 32282 474 4 floor floor NN 32282 474 5 - - HYPH 32282 474 6 sections section NNS 32282 474 7 . . . 32282 475 1 As as IN 32282 475 2 the the DT 32282 475 3 car car NN 32282 475 4 traveled travel VBD 32282 475 5 , , , 32282 475 6 these these DT 32282 475 7 floor floor NN 32282 475 8 - - HYPH 32282 475 9 sections section NNS 32282 475 10 were be VBD 32282 475 11 leveled level VBN 32282 475 12 by by IN 32282 475 13 the the DT 32282 475 14 operator operator NN 32282 475 15 to to TO 32282 475 16 compensate compensate VB 32282 475 17 for for IN 32282 475 18 the the DT 32282 475 19 change change NN 32282 475 20 of of IN 32282 475 21 inclination inclination NN 32282 475 22 ; ; : 32282 475 23 however however RB 32282 475 24 , , , 32282 475 25 they -PRON- PRP 32282 475 26 were be VBD 32282 475 27 soon soon RB 32282 475 28 removed remove VBN 32282 475 29 because because IN 32282 475 30 they -PRON- PRP 32282 475 31 interfered interfere VBD 32282 475 32 with with IN 32282 475 33 the the DT 32282 475 34 loading loading NN 32282 475 35 and and CC 32282 475 36 unloading unloading NN 32282 475 37 of of IN 32282 475 38 passengers passenger NNS 32282 475 39 . . . 32282 476 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 476 2 From from IN 32282 476 3 _ _ NNP 32282 476 4 La La NNP 32282 476 5 Nature Nature NNP 32282 476 6 _ _ NNP 32282 476 7 , , , 32282 476 8 May May NNP 32282 476 9 4 4 CD 32282 476 10 , , , 32282 476 11 1889 1889 CD 32282 476 12 , , , 32282 476 13 vol vol NNP 32282 476 14 . . . 32282 477 1 17 17 CD 32282 477 2 , , , 32282 477 3 p. p. NN 32282 478 1 360 360 CD 32282 478 2 . . . 32282 478 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 478 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 479 1 Here here RB 32282 479 2 then then RB 32282 479 3 was be VBD 32282 479 4 a a DT 32282 479 5 design design NN 32282 479 6 exhibiting exhibit VBG 32282 479 7 strange strange JJ 32282 479 8 contrast contrast NN 32282 479 9 . . . 32282 480 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 480 2 was be VBD 32282 480 3 on on IN 32282 480 4 the the DT 32282 480 5 one one CD 32282 480 6 hand hand NN 32282 480 7 completely completely RB 32282 480 8 novel novel JJ 32282 480 9 , , , 32282 480 10 devised devise VBN 32282 480 11 expressly expressly RB 32282 480 12 for for IN 32282 480 13 this this DT 32282 480 14 trying try VBG 32282 480 15 service service NN 32282 480 16 ; ; : 32282 480 17 yet yet CC 32282 480 18 on on IN 32282 480 19 the the DT 32282 480 20 other other JJ 32282 480 21 hand hand NN 32282 480 22 it -PRON- PRP 32282 480 23 was be VBD 32282 480 24 derived derive VBN 32282 480 25 from from IN 32282 480 26 and and CC 32282 480 27 fundamentally fundamentally RB 32282 480 28 based base VBN 32282 480 29 on on IN 32282 480 30 a a DT 32282 480 31 thoroughly thoroughly RB 32282 480 32 traditional traditional JJ 32282 480 33 system system NN 32282 480 34 . . . 32282 481 1 If if IN 32282 481 2 nothing nothing NN 32282 481 3 else else RB 32282 481 4 , , , 32282 481 5 it -PRON- PRP 32282 481 6 was be VBD 32282 481 7 safe safe JJ 32282 481 8 beyond beyond IN 32282 481 9 question question NN 32282 481 10 . . . 32282 482 1 In in IN 32282 482 2 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 482 3 's 's POS 32282 482 4 own own JJ 32282 482 5 words word NNS 32282 482 6 , , , 32282 482 7 the the DT 32282 482 8 Roux Roux NNP 32282 482 9 lifts lift VBZ 32282 482 10 " " `` 32282 482 11 not not RB 32282 482 12 only only RB 32282 482 13 were be VBD 32282 482 14 safe safe JJ 32282 482 15 , , , 32282 482 16 but but CC 32282 482 17 appeared appear VBD 32282 482 18 safe safe JJ 32282 482 19 ; ; : 32282 482 20 a a DT 32282 482 21 most most RBS 32282 482 22 desirable desirable JJ 32282 482 23 feature feature NN 32282 482 24 in in IN 32282 482 25 lifts lift NNS 32282 482 26 traveling travel VBG 32282 482 27 to to IN 32282 482 28 such such JJ 32282 482 29 heights height NNS 32282 482 30 and and CC 32282 482 31 carrying carry VBG 32282 482 32 the the DT 32282 482 33 general general JJ 32282 482 34 public public NN 32282 482 35 . . . 32282 483 1 " " `` 32282 483 2 [ [ -LRB- 32282 483 3 12 12 CD 32282 483 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 483 5 The the DT 32282 483 6 system system NN 32282 483 7 's 's POS 32282 483 8 shortcomings shortcoming NNS 32282 483 9 could could MD 32282 483 10 hardly hardly RB 32282 483 11 be be VB 32282 483 12 more more RBR 32282 483 13 evident evident JJ 32282 483 14 . . . 32282 484 1 Friction friction NN 32282 484 2 resulting result VBG 32282 484 3 from from IN 32282 484 4 the the DT 32282 484 5 more more JJR 32282 484 6 than than IN 32282 484 7 320 320 CD 32282 484 8 joints joint NNS 32282 484 9 in in IN 32282 484 10 the the DT 32282 484 11 flexible flexible JJ 32282 484 12 pistons piston NNS 32282 484 13 , , , 32282 484 14 each each DT 32282 484 15 carrying carry VBG 32282 484 16 two two CD 32282 484 17 rollers roller NNS 32282 484 18 , , , 32282 484 19 plus plus CC 32282 484 20 that that IN 32282 484 21 from from IN 32282 484 22 the the DT 32282 484 23 pitch pitch NN 32282 484 24 chains chain NNS 32282 484 25 must must MD 32282 484 26 have have VB 32282 484 27 been be VBN 32282 484 28 immense immense JJ 32282 484 29 . . . 32282 485 1 The the DT 32282 485 2 noise noise NN 32282 485 3 created create VBN 32282 485 4 by by IN 32282 485 5 such such JJ 32282 485 6 multiplicity multiplicity NN 32282 485 7 of of IN 32282 485 8 parts part NNS 32282 485 9 can can MD 32282 485 10 only only RB 32282 485 11 be be VB 32282 485 12 imagined imagine VBN 32282 485 13 . . . 32282 486 1 Capacity capacity NN 32282 486 2 was be VBD 32282 486 3 equivalent equivalent JJ 32282 486 4 to to IN 32282 486 5 that that DT 32282 486 6 of of IN 32282 486 7 the the DT 32282 486 8 Otis Otis NNP 32282 486 9 system system NN 32282 486 10 . . . 32282 487 1 About about IN 32282 487 2 100 100 CD 32282 487 3 people people NNS 32282 487 4 could could MD 32282 487 5 be be VB 32282 487 6 carried carry VBN 32282 487 7 in in IN 32282 487 8 the the DT 32282 487 9 double double JJ 32282 487 10 - - HYPH 32282 487 11 deck deck NN 32282 487 12 cabin cabin NN 32282 487 13 , , , 32282 487 14 some some DT 32282 487 15 standing standing NN 32282 487 16 . . . 32282 488 1 The the DT 32282 488 2 speed speed NN 32282 488 3 , , , 32282 488 4 however however RB 32282 488 5 , , , 32282 488 6 was be VBD 32282 488 7 only only RB 32282 488 8 200 200 CD 32282 488 9 feet foot NNS 32282 488 10 per per IN 32282 488 11 minute minute NN 32282 488 12 , , , 32282 488 13 understandably understandably RB 32282 488 14 low low JJ 32282 488 15 . . . 32282 489 1 If if IN 32282 489 2 it -PRON- PRP 32282 489 3 had have VBD 32282 489 4 been be VBN 32282 489 5 the the DT 32282 489 6 initial initial JJ 32282 489 7 intention intention NN 32282 489 8 of of IN 32282 489 9 the the DT 32282 489 10 designers designer NNS 32282 489 11 to to TO 32282 489 12 operate operate VB 32282 489 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 489 14 cars car NNS 32282 489 15 to to IN 32282 489 16 the the DT 32282 489 17 second second JJ 32282 489 18 platform platform NN 32282 489 19 , , , 32282 489 20 they -PRON- PRP 32282 489 21 must must MD 32282 489 22 shortly shortly RB 32282 489 23 have have VB 32282 489 24 become become VBN 32282 489 25 aware aware JJ 32282 489 26 of of IN 32282 489 27 the the DT 32282 489 28 impracticability impracticability NN 32282 489 29 of of IN 32282 489 30 this this DT 32282 489 31 plan plan NN 32282 489 32 , , , 32282 489 33 caused cause VBN 32282 489 34 by by IN 32282 489 35 an an DT 32282 489 36 inherent inherent JJ 32282 489 37 characteristic characteristic NN 32282 489 38 of of IN 32282 489 39 the the DT 32282 489 40 apparatus apparatus NN 32282 489 41 . . . 32282 490 1 As as RB 32282 490 2 long long RB 32282 490 3 as as IN 32282 490 4 the the DT 32282 490 5 compressive compressive JJ 32282 490 6 force force NN 32282 490 7 acted act VBD 32282 490 8 along along IN 32282 490 9 the the DT 32282 490 10 longitudinal longitudinal JJ 32282 490 11 axis axi NNS 32282 490 12 of of IN 32282 490 13 the the DT 32282 490 14 links link NNS 32282 490 15 , , , 32282 490 16 there there EX 32282 490 17 was be VBD 32282 490 18 no no DT 32282 490 19 lateral lateral JJ 32282 490 20 resultant resultant NN 32282 490 21 and and CC 32282 490 22 the the DT 32282 490 23 only only JJ 32282 490 24 load load NN 32282 490 25 on on IN 32282 490 26 the the DT 32282 490 27 small small JJ 32282 490 28 rollers roller NNS 32282 490 29 was be VBD 32282 490 30 that that IN 32282 490 31 due due IN 32282 490 32 to to IN 32282 490 33 the the DT 32282 490 34 dead dead JJ 32282 490 35 weight weight NN 32282 490 36 of of IN 32282 490 37 the the DT 32282 490 38 link link NN 32282 490 39 itself -PRON- PRP 32282 490 40 . . . 32282 491 1 However however RB 32282 491 2 , , , 32282 491 3 if if IN 32282 491 4 a a DT 32282 491 5 curve curve NN 32282 491 6 had have VBD 32282 491 7 been be VBN 32282 491 8 introduced introduce VBN 32282 491 9 in in IN 32282 491 10 the the DT 32282 491 11 guide guide NN 32282 491 12 channels channel NNS 32282 491 13 to to TO 32282 491 14 increase increase VB 32282 491 15 the the DT 32282 491 16 incline incline NN 32282 491 17 of of IN 32282 491 18 the the DT 32282 491 19 upper upper JJ 32282 491 20 run run NN 32282 491 21 , , , 32282 491 22 as as IN 32282 491 23 done do VBN 32282 491 24 by by IN 32282 491 25 Otis Otis NNP 32282 491 26 , , , 32282 491 27 the the DT 32282 491 28 force force NN 32282 491 29 on on IN 32282 491 30 those those DT 32282 491 31 links link NNS 32282 491 32 traversing traverse VBG 32282 491 33 the the DT 32282 491 34 bend bend NN 32282 491 35 would would MD 32282 491 36 have have VB 32282 491 37 been be VBN 32282 491 38 eccentric eccentric JJ 32282 491 39 -- -- : 32282 491 40 assuming assume VBG 32282 491 41 the the DT 32282 491 42 car car NN 32282 491 43 to to TO 32282 491 44 be be VB 32282 491 45 in in IN 32282 491 46 the the DT 32282 491 47 upper upper JJ 32282 491 48 section section NN 32282 491 49 , , , 32282 491 50 above above IN 32282 491 51 the the DT 32282 491 52 bend bend NN 32282 491 53 . . . 32282 492 1 The the DT 32282 492 2 difference difference NN 32282 492 3 between between IN 32282 492 4 the the DT 32282 492 5 two two CD 32282 492 6 sections section NNS 32282 492 7 ( ( -LRB- 32282 492 8 based base VBN 32282 492 9 upon upon IN 32282 492 10 the the DT 32282 492 11 Otis Otis NNP 32282 492 12 system system NN 32282 492 13 ) ) -RRB- 32282 492 14 was be VBD 32282 492 15 78 78 CD 32282 492 16 ° ° , 32282 492 17 9 9 CD 32282 492 18 ' ' POS 32282 492 19 minus minus CC 32282 492 20 54 54 CD 32282 492 21 ° ° , 32282 492 22 35 35 CD 32282 492 23 ' ' POS 32282 492 24 , , , 32282 492 25 or or CC 32282 492 26 23 23 CD 32282 492 27 ° ° , 32282 492 28 34 34 CD 32282 492 29 ' ' NNS 32282 492 30 , , , 32282 492 31 the the DT 32282 492 32 tangent tangent NN 32282 492 33 of of IN 32282 492 34 which which WDT 32282 492 35 equals equal VBZ 32282 492 36 0.436 0.436 CD 32282 492 37 . . . 32282 493 1 Forty forty CD 32282 493 2 - - HYPH 32282 493 3 three three CD 32282 493 4 percent percent NN 32282 493 5 of of IN 32282 493 6 the the DT 32282 493 7 unbalanced unbalanced JJ 32282 493 8 weight weight NN 32282 493 9 of of IN 32282 493 10 the the DT 32282 493 11 car car NN 32282 493 12 and and CC 32282 493 13 load load NN 32282 493 14 would would MD 32282 493 15 then then RB 32282 493 16 have have VB 32282 493 17 borne bear VBN 32282 493 18 upon upon IN 32282 493 19 the the DT 32282 493 20 , , , 32282 493 21 say say UH 32282 493 22 , , , 32282 493 23 12 12 CD 32282 493 24 sets set NNS 32282 493 25 of of IN 32282 493 26 rollers roller NNS 32282 493 27 on on IN 32282 493 28 the the DT 32282 493 29 curve curve NN 32282 493 30 . . . 32282 494 1 The the DT 32282 494 2 immense immense JJ 32282 494 3 frictional frictional JJ 32282 494 4 load load NN 32282 494 5 thus thus RB 32282 494 6 added add VBD 32282 494 7 to to IN 32282 494 8 the the DT 32282 494 9 entire entire JJ 32282 494 10 system system NN 32282 494 11 would would MD 32282 494 12 certainly certainly RB 32282 494 13 have have VB 32282 494 14 made make VBN 32282 494 15 it -PRON- PRP 32282 494 16 dismally dismally RB 32282 494 17 inefficient inefficient JJ 32282 494 18 , , , 32282 494 19 if if IN 32282 494 20 not not RB 32282 494 21 actually actually RB 32282 494 22 unworkable unworkable JJ 32282 494 23 . . . 32282 495 1 In in IN 32282 495 2 spite spite NN 32282 495 3 of of IN 32282 495 4 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 495 5 's 's POS 32282 495 6 public public JJ 32282 495 7 remarks remark NNS 32282 495 8 regarding regard VBG 32282 495 9 the the DT 32282 495 10 safety safety NN 32282 495 11 of of IN 32282 495 12 the the DT 32282 495 13 Roux Roux NNP 32282 495 14 machinery machinery NN 32282 495 15 , , , 32282 495 16 in in IN 32282 495 17 private private JJ 32282 495 18 he -PRON- PRP 32282 495 19 did do VBD 32282 495 20 not not RB 32282 495 21 trouble trouble VB 32282 495 22 to to TO 32282 495 23 conceal conceal VB 32282 495 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 495 25 doubts doubt NNS 32282 495 26 . . . 32282 496 1 Otis Otis NNP 32282 496 2 ' ' POS 32282 496 3 representative representative NN 32282 496 4 , , , 32282 496 5 Hall Hall NNP 32282 496 6 , , , 32282 496 7 discussing discuss VBG 32282 496 8 this this DT 32282 496 9 toward toward IN 32282 496 10 the the DT 32282 496 11 end end NN 32282 496 12 of of IN 32282 496 13 Brown Brown NNP 32282 496 14 's 's POS 32282 496 15 previously previously RB 32282 496 16 mentioned mention VBN 32282 496 17 report report NN 32282 496 18 , , , 32282 496 19 probably probably RB 32282 496 20 presented present VBD 32282 496 21 a a DT 32282 496 22 fairly fairly RB 32282 496 23 accurate accurate JJ 32282 496 24 picture picture NN 32282 496 25 of of IN 32282 496 26 the the DT 32282 496 27 situation situation NN 32282 496 28 . . . 32282 497 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 32282 497 2 comments comment NNS 32282 497 3 were be VBD 32282 497 4 based base VBN 32282 497 5 on on IN 32282 497 6 conversations conversation NNS 32282 497 7 with with IN 32282 497 8 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 497 9 and and CC 32282 497 10 Koechlin Koechlin NNP 32282 497 11 : : : 32282 497 12 Mr. Mr. NNP 32282 497 13 Gibson Gibson NNP 32282 497 14 , , , 32282 497 15 Mr. Mr. NNP 32282 497 16 Hanning Hanning NNP 32282 497 17 [ [ -LRB- 32282 497 18 who who WP 32282 497 19 were be VBD 32282 497 20 other other JJ 32282 497 21 Otis Otis NNP 32282 497 22 employees employee NNS 32282 497 23 ] ] -RRB- 32282 497 24 and and CC 32282 497 25 myself -PRON- PRP 32282 497 26 came come VBD 32282 497 27 to to IN 32282 497 28 the the DT 32282 497 29 unanimous unanimous JJ 32282 497 30 conclusion conclusion NN 32282 497 31 that that IN 32282 497 32 Mr. Mr. NNP 32282 497 33 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 497 34 had have VBD 32282 497 35 been be VBN 32282 497 36 forced force VBN 32282 497 37 to to TO 32282 497 38 order order VB 32282 497 39 those those DT 32282 497 40 other other JJ 32282 497 41 machines machine NNS 32282 497 42 , , , 32282 497 43 from from IN 32282 497 44 outside outside JJ 32282 497 45 parties party NNS 32282 497 46 , , , 32282 497 47 against against IN 32282 497 48 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 497 49 own own JJ 32282 497 50 judgment judgment NN 32282 497 51 : : : 32282 497 52 and and CC 32282 497 53 that that IN 32282 497 54 he -PRON- PRP 32282 497 55 was be VBD 32282 497 56 very very RB 32282 497 57 much much RB 32282 497 58 in in IN 32282 497 59 doubt doubt NN 32282 497 60 as as IN 32282 497 61 to to IN 32282 497 62 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 497 63 being be VBG 32282 497 64 a a DT 32282 497 65 practical practical JJ 32282 497 66 success success NN 32282 497 67 -- -- : 32282 497 68 and and CC 32282 497 69 was be VBD 32282 497 70 , , , 32282 497 71 therefore therefore RB 32282 497 72 , , , 32282 497 73 all all PDT 32282 497 74 the the DT 32282 497 75 more more RBR 32282 497 76 anxious anxious JJ 32282 497 77 to to TO 32282 497 78 put put VB 32282 497 79 in in RP 32282 497 80 our -PRON- PRP$ 32282 497 81 machines machine NNS 32282 497 82 ( ( -LRB- 32282 497 83 which which WDT 32282 497 84 he -PRON- PRP 32282 497 85 did do VBD 32282 497 86 have have VB 32282 497 87 faith faith NN 32282 497 88 in in IN 32282 497 89 ) ) -RRB- 32282 497 90 ... ... : 32282 497 91 and and CC 32282 497 92 if if IN 32282 497 93 the the DT 32282 497 94 others other NNS 32282 497 95 ate eat VBD 32282 497 96 up up RP 32282 497 97 coal coal NN 32282 497 98 in in IN 32282 497 99 proportions proportion NNS 32282 497 100 greatly greatly RB 32282 497 101 in in IN 32282 497 102 excess excess NN 32282 497 103 of of IN 32282 497 104 ours -PRON- PRP 32282 497 105 , , , 32282 497 106 he -PRON- PRP 32282 497 107 would would MD 32282 497 108 have have VB 32282 497 109 it -PRON- PRP 32282 497 110 to to TO 32282 497 111 say say VB 32282 497 112 ... ... NFP 32282 497 113 " " `` 32282 497 114 Gentlemen gentleman NNS 32282 497 115 , , , 32282 497 116 these these DT 32282 497 117 are be VBP 32282 497 118 my -PRON- PRP$ 32282 497 119 choice choice NN 32282 497 120 of of IN 32282 497 121 elevators elevator NNS 32282 497 122 , , , 32282 497 123 those those DT 32282 497 124 are be VBP 32282 497 125 yours yours PRP$ 32282 497 126 & & CC 32282 497 127 c. c. CC 32282 497 128 " " `` 32282 497 129 There there EX 32282 497 130 was be VBD 32282 497 131 a a DT 32282 497 132 published publish VBN 32282 497 133 interview interview NN 32282 497 134 ... ... : 32282 497 135 in in IN 32282 497 136 which which WDT 32282 497 137 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 497 138 stated state VBD 32282 497 139 ... ... NFP 32282 497 140 that that IN 32282 497 141 he -PRON- PRP 32282 497 142 was be VBD 32282 497 143 to to TO 32282 497 144 meet meet VB 32282 497 145 some some DT 32282 497 146 American american JJ 32282 497 147 gentlemen gentleman NNS 32282 497 148 the the DT 32282 497 149 following follow VBG 32282 497 150 day day NN 32282 497 151 , , , 32282 497 152 who who WP 32282 497 153 were be VBD 32282 497 154 to to TO 32282 497 155 provide provide VB 32282 497 156 him -PRON- PRP 32282 497 157 with with IN 32282 497 158 elevators elevator NNS 32282 497 159 -- -- : 32282 497 160 grand grand JJ 32282 497 161 elevators elevator NNS 32282 497 162 , , , 32282 497 163 I -PRON- PRP 32282 497 164 think think VBP 32282 497 165 he -PRON- PRP 32282 497 166 said say VBD 32282 497 167 .... .... . 32282 497 168 [ [ -LRB- 32282 497 169 Illustration illustration NN 32282 497 170 : : : 32282 497 171 Figure figure NN 32282 497 172 30.--Upperworks 30.--Upperworks NFP 32282 497 173 and and CC 32282 497 174 passenger passenger NN 32282 497 175 platforms platform NNS 32282 497 176 of of IN 32282 497 177 the the DT 32282 497 178 Otis Otis NNP 32282 497 179 system system NN 32282 497 180 at at IN 32282 497 181 second second JJ 32282 497 182 level level NN 32282 497 183 . . . 32282 498 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 498 2 From from IN 32282 498 3 _ _ NNP 32282 498 4 La La NNP 32282 498 5 Nature Nature NNP 32282 498 6 _ _ NNP 32282 498 7 , , , 32282 498 8 Aug. August NNP 32282 498 9 10 10 CD 32282 498 10 , , , 32282 498 11 1889 1889 CD 32282 498 12 , , , 32282 498 13 vol vol NNP 32282 498 14 . . . 32282 499 1 17 17 CD 32282 499 2 , , , 32282 499 3 p. p. NN 32282 500 1 169 169 CD 32282 500 2 . . . 32282 500 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 500 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 501 1 The the DT 32282 501 2 Roux Roux NNP 32282 501 3 and and CC 32282 501 4 the the DT 32282 501 5 Otis Otis NNP 32282 501 6 systems system NNS 32282 501 7 both both DT 32282 501 8 drew draw VBD 32282 501 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 501 10 water water NN 32282 501 11 supply supply NN 32282 501 12 from from IN 32282 501 13 the the DT 32282 501 14 same same JJ 32282 501 15 tanks tank NNS 32282 501 16 ; ; : 32282 501 17 also also RB 32282 501 18 , , , 32282 501 19 each each DT 32282 501 20 system system NN 32282 501 21 used use VBD 32282 501 22 similar similar JJ 32282 501 23 distributing distribute VBG 32282 501 24 valves valve NNS 32282 501 25 ( ( -LRB- 32282 501 26 fig fig NN 32282 501 27 . . . 32282 502 1 32 32 CD 32282 502 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 502 3 operated operate VBD 32282 502 4 from from IN 32282 502 5 the the DT 32282 502 6 cars car NNS 32282 502 7 . . . 32282 503 1 Although although IN 32282 503 2 no no DT 32282 503 3 reports report NNS 32282 503 4 have have VBP 32282 503 5 been be VBN 32282 503 6 found find VBN 32282 503 7 of of IN 32282 503 8 actual actual JJ 32282 503 9 controlled control VBN 32282 503 10 tests test NNS 32282 503 11 comparing compare VBG 32282 503 12 the the DT 32282 503 13 efficiencies efficiency NNS 32282 503 14 of of IN 32282 503 15 the the DT 32282 503 16 Otis Otis NNP 32282 503 17 and and CC 32282 503 18 Roux Roux NNP 32282 503 19 systems system NNS 32282 503 20 , , , 32282 503 21 a a DT 32282 503 22 general general JJ 32282 503 23 quantitative quantitative JJ 32282 503 24 comparison comparison NN 32282 503 25 may may MD 32282 503 26 be be VB 32282 503 27 made make VBN 32282 503 28 from from IN 32282 503 29 the the DT 32282 503 30 balance balance NN 32282 503 31 figures figure NNS 32282 503 32 given give VBN 32282 503 33 for for IN 32282 503 34 each each DT 32282 503 35 ( ( -LRB- 32282 503 36 p. p. NN 32282 503 37 40 40 CD 32282 503 38 ) ) -RRB- 32282 503 39 , , , 32282 503 40 where where WRB 32282 503 41 it -PRON- PRP 32282 503 42 is be VBZ 32282 503 43 seen see VBN 32282 503 44 that that IN 32282 503 45 2,665 2,665 CD 32282 503 46 pounds pound NNS 32282 503 47 of of IN 32282 503 48 excess excess JJ 32282 503 49 tractive tractive JJ 32282 503 50 effort effort NN 32282 503 51 were be VBD 32282 503 52 allowed allow VBN 32282 503 53 to to TO 32282 503 54 overcome overcome VB 32282 503 55 the the DT 32282 503 56 friction friction NN 32282 503 57 of of IN 32282 503 58 the the DT 32282 503 59 Otis Otis NNP 32282 503 60 machinery machinery NN 32282 503 61 against against IN 32282 503 62 13,856 13,856 CD 32282 503 63 pounds pound NNS 32282 503 64 for for IN 32282 503 65 the the DT 32282 503 66 Roux Roux NNP 32282 503 67 . . . 32282 504 1 THE the DT 32282 504 2 EDOUX EDOUX NNP 32282 504 3 SYSTEM system NN 32282 504 4 The the DT 32282 504 5 section section NN 32282 504 6 of of IN 32282 504 7 the the DT 32282 504 8 Tower Tower NNP 32282 504 9 presenting present VBG 32282 504 10 the the DT 32282 504 11 least least JJS 32282 504 12 difficulty difficulty NN 32282 504 13 to to IN 32282 504 14 elevator elevator NN 32282 504 15 installation installation NN 32282 504 16 was be VBD 32282 504 17 that that IN 32282 504 18 above above IN 32282 504 19 the the DT 32282 504 20 juncture juncture NN 32282 504 21 of of IN 32282 504 22 the the DT 32282 504 23 four four CD 32282 504 24 legs leg NNS 32282 504 25 -- -- : 32282 504 26 from from IN 32282 504 27 the the DT 32282 504 28 second second JJ 32282 504 29 platform platform NN 32282 504 30 to to IN 32282 504 31 the the DT 32282 504 32 third third JJ 32282 504 33 , , , 32282 504 34 or or CC 32282 504 35 observation observation NN 32282 504 36 , , , 32282 504 37 enclosure enclosure NN 32282 504 38 . . . 32282 505 1 There there EX 32282 505 2 was be VBD 32282 505 3 no no DT 32282 505 4 question question NN 32282 505 5 that that IN 32282 505 6 French french JJ 32282 505 7 equipment equipment NN 32282 505 8 could could MD 32282 505 9 perform perform VB 32282 505 10 this this DT 32282 505 11 service service NN 32282 505 12 . . . 32282 506 1 The the DT 32282 506 2 run run NN 32282 506 3 being be VBG 32282 506 4 perfectly perfectly RB 32282 506 5 straight straight JJ 32282 506 6 and and CC 32282 506 7 vertical vertical JJ 32282 506 8 , , , 32282 506 9 the the DT 32282 506 10 only only JJ 32282 506 11 unusual unusual JJ 32282 506 12 demand demand NN 32282 506 13 upon upon IN 32282 506 14 contemporary contemporary JJ 32282 506 15 elevator elevator NN 32282 506 16 technology technology NN 32282 506 17 was be VBD 32282 506 18 the the DT 32282 506 19 length length NN 32282 506 20 of of IN 32282 506 21 rise--525 rise--525 CD 32282 506 22 feet foot NNS 32282 506 23 . . . 32282 507 1 The the DT 32282 507 2 system system NN 32282 507 3 ultimately ultimately RB 32282 507 4 selected select VBN 32282 507 5 ( ( -LRB- 32282 507 6 fig fig NN 32282 507 7 . . . 32282 508 1 37 37 CD 32282 508 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 508 3 appealed appeal VBD 32282 508 4 to to IN 32282 508 5 the the DT 32282 508 6 Commission Commission NNP 32282 508 7 largely largely RB 32282 508 8 because because IN 32282 508 9 of of IN 32282 508 10 a a DT 32282 508 11 similar similar JJ 32282 508 12 one one NN 32282 508 13 that that WDT 32282 508 14 had have VBD 32282 508 15 been be VBN 32282 508 16 installed instal VBN 32282 508 17 in in IN 32282 508 18 one one CD 32282 508 19 tower tower NN 32282 508 20 of of IN 32282 508 21 the the DT 32282 508 22 famous famous JJ 32282 508 23 Trocadero[13 trocadero[13 ADD 32282 508 24 ] ] -RRB- 32282 508 25 and and CC 32282 508 26 which which WDT 32282 508 27 had have VBD 32282 508 28 been be VBN 32282 508 29 operating operate VBG 32282 508 30 successfully successfully RB 32282 508 31 for for IN 32282 508 32 10 10 CD 32282 508 33 years year NNS 32282 508 34 . . . 32282 509 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 509 2 was be VBD 32282 509 3 the the DT 32282 509 4 direct direct JJ 32282 509 5 plunger plunger NN 32282 509 6 system system NN 32282 509 7 of of IN 32282 509 8 Leon Leon NNP 32282 509 9 Edoux Edoux NNP 32282 509 10 , , , 32282 509 11 and and CC 32282 509 12 was be VBD 32282 509 13 , , , 32282 509 14 for for IN 32282 509 15 the the DT 32282 509 16 time time NN 32282 509 17 , , , 32282 509 18 far far RB 32282 509 19 more more RBR 32282 509 20 rationally rationally RB 32282 509 21 contrived contrived JJ 32282 509 22 than than IN 32282 509 23 Backmann Backmann NNP 32282 509 24 's 's POS 32282 509 25 helicoidal helicoidal JJ 32282 509 26 system system NN 32282 509 27 . . . 32282 510 1 Edoux edoux NN 32282 510 2 , , , 32282 510 3 an an DT 32282 510 4 old old JJ 32282 510 5 schoolmate schoolmate NN 32282 510 6 of of IN 32282 510 7 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 510 8 's 's POS 32282 510 9 , , , 32282 510 10 had have VBD 32282 510 11 built build VBN 32282 510 12 thousands thousand NNS 32282 510 13 of of IN 32282 510 14 elevators elevator NNS 32282 510 15 in in IN 32282 510 16 France France NNP 32282 510 17 and and CC 32282 510 18 was be VBD 32282 510 19 possibly possibly RB 32282 510 20 the the DT 32282 510 21 country country NN 32282 510 22 's 's POS 32282 510 23 most most RBS 32282 510 24 successful successful JJ 32282 510 25 inventor inventor NN 32282 510 26 and and CC 32282 510 27 manufacturer manufacturer NN 32282 510 28 in in IN 32282 510 29 the the DT 32282 510 30 field field NN 32282 510 31 . . . 32282 511 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 511 2 is be VBZ 32282 511 3 likely likely JJ 32282 511 4 that that IN 32282 511 5 he -PRON- PRP 32282 511 6 did do VBD 32282 511 7 not not RB 32282 511 8 attempt attempt VB 32282 511 9 to to TO 32282 511 10 obtain obtain VB 32282 511 11 the the DT 32282 511 12 contract contract NN 32282 511 13 for for IN 32282 511 14 the the DT 32282 511 15 elevator elevator NN 32282 511 16 equipment equipment NN 32282 511 17 in in IN 32282 511 18 the the DT 32282 511 19 Tower Tower NNP 32282 511 20 legs leg NNS 32282 511 21 , , , 32282 511 22 as as IN 32282 511 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 511 24 experience experience NN 32282 511 25 was be VBD 32282 511 26 based base VBN 32282 511 27 almost almost RB 32282 511 28 entirely entirely RB 32282 511 29 on on IN 32282 511 30 plunger plunger NN 32282 511 31 systems system NNS 32282 511 32 , , , 32282 511 33 a a DT 32282 511 34 type type NN 32282 511 35 , , , 32282 511 36 as as IN 32282 511 37 we -PRON- PRP 32282 511 38 have have VBP 32282 511 39 seen see VBN 32282 511 40 , , , 32282 511 41 not not RB 32282 511 42 readily readily RB 32282 511 43 adaptable adaptable JJ 32282 511 44 to to IN 32282 511 45 that that DT 32282 511 46 situation situation NN 32282 511 47 . . . 32282 512 1 What what WP 32282 512 2 is be VBZ 32282 512 3 puzzling puzzle VBG 32282 512 4 was be VBD 32282 512 5 the the DT 32282 512 6 failure failure NN 32282 512 7 of of IN 32282 512 8 the the DT 32282 512 9 Commission Commission NNP 32282 512 10 's 's POS 32282 512 11 members member NNS 32282 512 12 to to TO 32282 512 13 recognize recognize VB 32282 512 14 sooner soon RBR 32282 512 15 Edoux Edoux NNP 32282 512 16 's 's POS 32282 512 17 obvious obvious JJ 32282 512 18 ability ability NN 32282 512 19 to to TO 32282 512 20 provide provide VB 32282 512 21 equipment equipment NN 32282 512 22 for for IN 32282 512 23 the the DT 32282 512 24 upper upper JJ 32282 512 25 run run NN 32282 512 26 . . . 32282 513 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 513 2 may may MD 32282 513 3 have have VB 32282 513 4 been be VBN 32282 513 5 due due JJ 32282 513 6 to to IN 32282 513 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 513 8 inexplicable inexplicable JJ 32282 513 9 confidence confidence NN 32282 513 10 in in IN 32282 513 11 Backmann Backmann NNP 32282 513 12 . . . 32282 514 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 514 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 514 3 : : : 32282 514 4 Figure figure VB 32282 514 5 31.--The 31.--the CD 32282 514 6 French French NNP 32282 514 7 Girard Girard NNP 32282 514 8 pumps pump VBZ 32282 514 9 that that WDT 32282 514 10 supplied supply VBD 32282 514 11 the the DT 32282 514 12 Otis Otis NNP 32282 514 13 and and CC 32282 514 14 Roux Roux NNP 32282 514 15 systems system NNS 32282 514 16 . . . 32282 515 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 515 2 From from IN 32282 515 3 _ _ NNP 32282 515 4 La La NNP 32282 515 5 Nature Nature NNP 32282 515 6 _ _ NNP 32282 515 7 , , , 32282 515 8 Oct. October NNP 32282 515 9 5 5 CD 32282 515 10 , , , 32282 515 11 1889 1889 CD 32282 515 12 , , , 32282 515 13 vol vol NNP 32282 515 14 . . . 32282 516 1 17 17 CD 32282 516 2 , , , 32282 516 3 p. p. NN 32282 517 1 292 292 CD 32282 517 2 . . . 32282 517 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 517 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 518 1 The the DT 32282 518 2 direct direct JJ 32282 518 3 plunger plunger NN 32282 518 4 elevator elevator NN 32282 518 5 was be VBD 32282 518 6 the the DT 32282 518 7 only only JJ 32282 518 8 type type NN 32282 518 9 in in IN 32282 518 10 which which WDT 32282 518 11 European european JJ 32282 518 12 practice practice NN 32282 518 13 was be VBD 32282 518 14 in in IN 32282 518 15 advance advance NN 32282 518 16 of of IN 32282 518 17 American american JJ 32282 518 18 practice practice NN 32282 518 19 at at IN 32282 518 20 this this DT 32282 518 21 time time NN 32282 518 22 . . . 32282 519 1 Not not RB 32282 519 2 until until IN 32282 519 3 the the DT 32282 519 4 beginning beginning NN 32282 519 5 of of IN 32282 519 6 the the DT 32282 519 7 20th 20th JJ 32282 519 8 century century NN 32282 519 9 , , , 32282 519 10 when when WRB 32282 519 11 hydraulic hydraulic NNP 32282 519 12 systems system NNS 32282 519 13 were be VBD 32282 519 14 forced force VBN 32282 519 15 into into IN 32282 519 16 competition competition NN 32282 519 17 with with IN 32282 519 18 electrical electrical JJ 32282 519 19 systems system NNS 32282 519 20 , , , 32282 519 21 was be VBD 32282 519 22 the the DT 32282 519 23 direct direct JJ 32282 519 24 plunger plunger NN 32282 519 25 elevator elevator NN 32282 519 26 improved improve VBN 32282 519 27 in in IN 32282 519 28 America America NNP 32282 519 29 to to IN 32282 519 30 the the DT 32282 519 31 extent extent NN 32282 519 32 of of IN 32282 519 33 being be VBG 32282 519 34 practically practically RB 32282 519 35 capable capable JJ 32282 519 36 of of IN 32282 519 37 high high JJ 32282 519 38 rises rise NNS 32282 519 39 and and CC 32282 519 40 speeds speed NNS 32282 519 41 . . . 32282 520 1 Another another DT 32282 520 2 reason reason NN 32282 520 3 for for IN 32282 520 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 520 5 early early JJ 32282 520 6 disfavor disfavor NN 32282 520 7 in in IN 32282 520 8 the the DT 32282 520 9 United United NNP 32282 520 10 States States NNP 32282 520 11 was be VBD 32282 520 12 the the DT 32282 520 13 necessity necessity NN 32282 520 14 for for IN 32282 520 15 drilling drill VBG 32282 520 16 an an DT 32282 520 17 expensive expensive JJ 32282 520 18 plunger plunger NN 32282 520 19 well well RB 32282 520 20 equal equal JJ 32282 520 21 in in IN 32282 520 22 length length NN 32282 520 23 to to IN 32282 520 24 the the DT 32282 520 25 rise rise NN 32282 520 26 . . . 32282 521 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 521 2 14 14 CD 32282 521 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 521 4 As as IN 32282 521 5 mentioned mention VBN 32282 521 6 , , , 32282 521 7 the the DT 32282 521 8 most most RBS 32282 521 9 serious serious JJ 32282 521 10 problem problem NN 32282 521 11 confronting confront VBG 32282 521 12 Edoux Edoux NNP 32282 521 13 was be VBD 32282 521 14 the the DT 32282 521 15 extremely extremely RB 32282 521 16 high high JJ 32282 521 17 rise rise NN 32282 521 18 of of IN 32282 521 19 525 525 CD 32282 521 20 feet foot NNS 32282 521 21 . . . 32282 522 1 The the DT 32282 522 2 Trocadero Trocadero NNP 32282 522 3 elevator elevator NN 32282 522 4 , , , 32282 522 5 then then RB 32282 522 6 the the DT 32282 522 7 highest high JJS 32282 522 8 plunger plung JJR 32282 522 9 machine machine NN 32282 522 10 in in IN 32282 522 11 the the DT 32282 522 12 world world NN 32282 522 13 , , , 32282 522 14 traveled travel VBD 32282 522 15 only only RB 32282 522 16 about about RB 32282 522 17 230 230 CD 32282 522 18 feet foot NNS 32282 522 19 . . . 32282 523 1 A a DT 32282 523 2 secondary secondary JJ 32282 523 3 difficulty difficulty NN 32282 523 4 was be VBD 32282 523 5 the the DT 32282 523 6 esthetic esthetic JJ 32282 523 7 undesirability undesirability NN 32282 523 8 of of IN 32282 523 9 permitting permit VBG 32282 523 10 a a DT 32282 523 11 plunger plunger NN 32282 523 12 cylinder cylinder NN 32282 523 13 to to TO 32282 523 14 project project VB 32282 523 15 downward downward RB 32282 523 16 a a DT 32282 523 17 distance distance NN 32282 523 18 equal equal JJ 32282 523 19 to to IN 32282 523 20 such such PDT 32282 523 21 a a DT 32282 523 22 rise rise NN 32282 523 23 , , , 32282 523 24 which which WDT 32282 523 25 would would MD 32282 523 26 have have VB 32282 523 27 carried carry VBN 32282 523 28 it -PRON- PRP 32282 523 29 directly directly RB 32282 523 30 into into IN 32282 523 31 the the DT 32282 523 32 center center NN 32282 523 33 of of IN 32282 523 34 the the DT 32282 523 35 open open JJ 32282 523 36 area area NN 32282 523 37 beneath beneath IN 32282 523 38 the the DT 32282 523 39 first first JJ 32282 523 40 platform platform NN 32282 523 41 ( ( -LRB- 32282 523 42 fig fig NN 32282 523 43 . . . 32282 524 1 6 6 LS 32282 524 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 524 3 . . . 32282 525 1 Both both DT 32282 525 2 problems problem NNS 32282 525 3 were be VBD 32282 525 4 met meet VBN 32282 525 5 by by IN 32282 525 6 an an DT 32282 525 7 ingenious ingenious JJ 32282 525 8 modification modification NN 32282 525 9 of of IN 32282 525 10 the the DT 32282 525 11 basic basic JJ 32282 525 12 system system NN 32282 525 13 . . . 32282 526 1 The the DT 32282 526 2 run run NN 32282 526 3 was be VBD 32282 526 4 divided divide VBN 32282 526 5 into into IN 32282 526 6 two two CD 32282 526 7 equal equal JJ 32282 526 8 sections section NNS 32282 526 9 , , , 32282 526 10 each each DT 32282 526 11 of of IN 32282 526 12 262 262 CD 32282 526 13 feet foot NNS 32282 526 14 , , , 32282 526 15 and and CC 32282 526 16 two two CD 32282 526 17 cars car NNS 32282 526 18 were be VBD 32282 526 19 used use VBN 32282 526 20 . . . 32282 527 1 One one CD 32282 527 2 operated operate VBD 32282 527 3 from from IN 32282 527 4 the the DT 32282 527 5 bottom bottom NN 32282 527 6 of of IN 32282 527 7 the the DT 32282 527 8 run run NN 32282 527 9 at at IN 32282 527 10 the the DT 32282 527 11 second second JJ 32282 527 12 platform platform NN 32282 527 13 level level NN 32282 527 14 to to IN 32282 527 15 an an DT 32282 527 16 intermediate intermediate JJ 32282 527 17 platform platform NN 32282 527 18 half half JJ 32282 527 19 - - HYPH 32282 527 20 way way NN 32282 527 21 up up RB 32282 527 22 , , , 32282 527 23 while while IN 32282 527 24 the the DT 32282 527 25 other other JJ 32282 527 26 operated operate VBD 32282 527 27 from from IN 32282 527 28 this this DT 32282 527 29 point point NN 32282 527 30 to to IN 32282 527 31 the the DT 32282 527 32 observation observation NN 32282 527 33 platform platform NN 32282 527 34 near near IN 32282 527 35 the the DT 32282 527 36 top top NN 32282 527 37 of of IN 32282 527 38 the the DT 32282 527 39 Tower Tower NNP 32282 527 40 . . . 32282 528 1 The the DT 32282 528 2 two two CD 32282 528 3 sections section NNS 32282 528 4 were be VBD 32282 528 5 of of IN 32282 528 6 course course NN 32282 528 7 parallel parallel NN 32282 528 8 , , , 32282 528 9 but but CC 32282 528 10 offset offset VB 32282 528 11 . . . 32282 529 1 A a DT 32282 529 2 central central JJ 32282 529 3 guide guide NN 32282 529 4 , , , 32282 529 5 on on IN 32282 529 6 the the DT 32282 529 7 Tower Tower NNP 32282 529 8 's 's POS 32282 529 9 center center NN 32282 529 10 - - HYPH 32282 529 11 line line NN 32282 529 12 , , , 32282 529 13 running run VBG 32282 529 14 the the DT 32282 529 15 entire entire JJ 32282 529 16 525 525 CD 32282 529 17 feet foot NNS 32282 529 18 served serve VBD 32282 529 19 both both DT 32282 529 20 cars car NNS 32282 529 21 , , , 32282 529 22 with with IN 32282 529 23 shorter short JJR 32282 529 24 guides guide NNS 32282 529 25 on on IN 32282 529 26 either either DT 32282 529 27 side side NN 32282 529 28 -- -- : 32282 529 29 one one CD 32282 529 30 for for IN 32282 529 31 the the DT 32282 529 32 upper upper JJ 32282 529 33 and and CC 32282 529 34 one one CD 32282 529 35 for for IN 32282 529 36 the the DT 32282 529 37 lower low JJR 32282 529 38 run run NN 32282 529 39 . . . 32282 530 1 Thus thus RB 32282 530 2 , , , 32282 530 3 each each DT 32282 530 4 car car NN 32282 530 5 traveled travel VBD 32282 530 6 only only RB 32282 530 7 half half PDT 32282 530 8 the the DT 32282 530 9 total total JJ 32282 530 10 distance distance NN 32282 530 11 . . . 32282 531 1 The the DT 32282 531 2 two two CD 32282 531 3 cars car NNS 32282 531 4 were be VBD 32282 531 5 connected connect VBN 32282 531 6 , , , 32282 531 7 as as IN 32282 531 8 in in IN 32282 531 9 the the DT 32282 531 10 Backmann Backmann NNP 32282 531 11 system system NN 32282 531 12 , , , 32282 531 13 by by IN 32282 531 14 steel steel NN 32282 531 15 cables cable NNS 32282 531 16 running run VBG 32282 531 17 over over IN 32282 531 18 sheaves sheaf NNS 32282 531 19 at at IN 32282 531 20 the the DT 32282 531 21 top top NN 32282 531 22 , , , 32282 531 23 balancing balance VBG 32282 531 24 each each DT 32282 531 25 other other JJ 32282 531 26 and and CC 32282 531 27 eliminating eliminate VBG 32282 531 28 the the DT 32282 531 29 need need NN 32282 531 30 for for IN 32282 531 31 counterweights counterweight NNS 32282 531 32 . . . 32282 532 1 Two two CD 32282 532 2 driving driving NN 32282 532 3 rams ram NNS 32282 532 4 were be VBD 32282 532 5 used use VBN 32282 532 6 . . . 32282 533 1 By by IN 32282 533 2 being be VBG 32282 533 3 placed place VBN 32282 533 4 beneath beneath IN 32282 533 5 the the DT 32282 533 6 upper upper JJ 32282 533 7 car car NN 32282 533 8 , , , 32282 533 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 533 10 cylinders cylinder NNS 32282 533 11 extended extend VBD 32282 533 12 downward downward RB 32282 533 13 only only RB 32282 533 14 the the DT 32282 533 15 262 262 CD 32282 533 16 feet foot NNS 32282 533 17 to to IN 32282 533 18 the the DT 32282 533 19 second second JJ 32282 533 20 platform platform NN 32282 533 21 and and CC 32282 533 22 so so RB 32282 533 23 did do VBD 32282 533 24 not not RB 32282 533 25 project project VB 32282 533 26 beyond beyond IN 32282 533 27 the the DT 32282 533 28 confines confine NNS 32282 533 29 of of IN 32282 533 30 the the DT 32282 533 31 system system NN 32282 533 32 itself -PRON- PRP 32282 533 33 . . . 32282 534 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 534 2 15 15 CD 32282 534 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 534 4 In in IN 32282 534 5 making make VBG 32282 534 6 the the DT 32282 534 7 upward upward JJ 32282 534 8 or or CC 32282 534 9 downward downward JJ 32282 534 10 trip trip NN 32282 534 11 , , , 32282 534 12 the the DT 32282 534 13 passengers passenger NNS 32282 534 14 had have VBD 32282 534 15 to to TO 32282 534 16 change change VB 32282 534 17 from from IN 32282 534 18 one one CD 32282 534 19 car car NN 32282 534 20 to to IN 32282 534 21 the the DT 32282 534 22 other other JJ 32282 534 23 at at IN 32282 534 24 the the DT 32282 534 25 intermediate intermediate JJ 32282 534 26 platform platform NN 32282 534 27 , , , 32282 534 28 where where WRB 32282 534 29 the the DT 32282 534 30 two two CD 32282 534 31 met meet VBD 32282 534 32 and and CC 32282 534 33 parted parted JJ 32282 534 34 ( ( -LRB- 32282 534 35 fig fig NN 32282 534 36 . . . 32282 535 1 39 39 CD 32282 535 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 535 3 . . . 32282 536 1 This this DT 32282 536 2 transfer transfer NN 32282 536 3 was be VBD 32282 536 4 the the DT 32282 536 5 only only JJ 32282 536 6 undesirable undesirable JJ 32282 536 7 feature feature NN 32282 536 8 of of IN 32282 536 9 what what WP 32282 536 10 was be VBD 32282 536 11 , , , 32282 536 12 on on IN 32282 536 13 the the DT 32282 536 14 whole whole NN 32282 536 15 , , , 32282 536 16 a a DT 32282 536 17 thoroughly thoroughly RB 32282 536 18 efficient efficient JJ 32282 536 19 and and CC 32282 536 20 well well JJ 32282 536 21 designed design VBN 32282 536 22 work work NN 32282 536 23 of of IN 32282 536 24 elevator elevator NN 32282 536 25 engineering engineering NN 32282 536 26 . . . 32282 537 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 537 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 537 3 : : : 32282 537 4 Figure figure NN 32282 537 5 32.--The 32.--the CD 32282 537 6 Otis Otis NNP 32282 537 7 distributor distributor NN 32282 537 8 , , , 32282 537 9 with with IN 32282 537 10 valves valve NNS 32282 537 11 shown show VBN 32282 537 12 in in IN 32282 537 13 motionless motionless JJ 32282 537 14 , , , 32282 537 15 neutral neutral JJ 32282 537 16 position position NN 32282 537 17 . . . 32282 538 1 Since since IN 32282 538 2 the the DT 32282 538 3 main main JJ 32282 538 4 valve valve NN 32282 538 5 at at IN 32282 538 6 all all DT 32282 538 7 times time NNS 32282 538 8 was be VBD 32282 538 9 subjected subject VBN 32282 538 10 to to IN 32282 538 11 the the DT 32282 538 12 full full JJ 32282 538 13 operating operating NN 32282 538 14 pressure pressure NN 32282 538 15 , , , 32282 538 16 it -PRON- PRP 32282 538 17 was be VBD 32282 538 18 necessary necessary JJ 32282 538 19 to to TO 32282 538 20 drive drive VB 32282 538 21 this this DT 32282 538 22 valve valve NN 32282 538 23 with with IN 32282 538 24 a a DT 32282 538 25 servo servo NN 32282 538 26 piston piston NN 32282 538 27 . . . 32282 539 1 The the DT 32282 539 2 control control NN 32282 539 3 cable cable NN 32282 539 4 operated operate VBD 32282 539 5 only only RB 32282 539 6 the the DT 32282 539 7 servo servo NNS 32282 539 8 piston piston NN 32282 539 9 's 's POS 32282 539 10 valve valve NN 32282 539 11 . . . 32282 540 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 540 2 Adapted adapt VBN 32282 540 3 from from IN 32282 540 4 Gustave Gustave NNP 32282 540 5 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 540 6 , , , 32282 540 7 _ _ NNP 32282 540 8 La La NNP 32282 540 9 Tour Tour NNP 32282 540 10 de de NNP 32282 540 11 Trois Trois NNP 32282 540 12 Cents Cents NNPS 32282 540 13 Mètres Mètres NNPS 32282 540 14 _ _ NNP 32282 540 15 , , , 32282 540 16 Paris Paris NNP 32282 540 17 , , , 32282 540 18 1900 1900 CD 32282 540 19 , , , 32282 540 20 p. p. NN 32282 541 1 130 130 CD 32282 541 2 . . . 32282 541 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 541 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 542 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 542 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 542 3 : : : 32282 542 4 Figure figure NN 32282 542 5 33.--General 33.--general CD 32282 542 6 arrangement arrangement NN 32282 542 7 of of IN 32282 542 8 the the DT 32282 542 9 Roux Roux NNP 32282 542 10 Combaluzier Combaluzier NNP 32282 542 11 and and CC 32282 542 12 Lepape Lepape NNP 32282 542 13 elevator elevator NN 32282 542 14 . . . 32282 542 15 ] ] -RRB- 32282 543 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 543 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 543 3 : : : 32282 543 4 Figure figure NN 32282 543 5 34.--Roux 34.--Roux NNS 32282 543 6 , , , 32282 543 7 Combaluzier Combaluzier NNP 32282 543 8 and and CC 32282 543 9 Lepape Lepape NNP 32282 543 10 machinery machinery NN 32282 543 11 and and CC 32282 543 12 cabin cabin NN 32282 543 13 at at IN 32282 543 14 the the DT 32282 543 15 Tower Tower NNP 32282 543 16 's 's POS 32282 543 17 base base NN 32282 543 18 . . . 32282 544 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 544 2 From from IN 32282 544 3 _ _ NNP 32282 544 4 La La NNP 32282 544 5 Nature Nature NNP 32282 544 6 _ _ NNP 32282 544 7 , , , 32282 544 8 Aug. August NNP 32282 544 9 10 10 CD 32282 544 10 , , , 32282 544 11 1889 1889 CD 32282 544 12 , , , 32282 544 13 vol vol NNP 32282 544 14 . . . 32282 545 1 17 17 CD 32282 545 2 , , , 32282 545 3 p. p. NN 32282 546 1 168 168 CD 32282 546 2 . . . 32282 546 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 546 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 547 1 In in IN 32282 547 2 operation operation NN 32282 547 3 , , , 32282 547 4 water water NN 32282 547 5 was be VBD 32282 547 6 admitted admit VBN 32282 547 7 to to IN 32282 547 8 the the DT 32282 547 9 two two CD 32282 547 10 cylinders cylinder NNS 32282 547 11 from from IN 32282 547 12 a a DT 32282 547 13 tank tank NN 32282 547 14 on on IN 32282 547 15 the the DT 32282 547 16 third third JJ 32282 547 17 platform platform NN 32282 547 18 . . . 32282 548 1 The the DT 32282 548 2 resultant resultant JJ 32282 548 3 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 548 4 head head NN 32282 548 5 was be VBD 32282 548 6 sufficient sufficient JJ 32282 548 7 to to TO 32282 548 8 force force VB 32282 548 9 out out RP 32282 548 10 the the DT 32282 548 11 rams ram NNS 32282 548 12 and and CC 32282 548 13 raise raise VB 32282 548 14 the the DT 32282 548 15 upper upper JJ 32282 548 16 car car NN 32282 548 17 . . . 32282 549 1 As as IN 32282 549 2 the the DT 32282 549 3 rams ram NNS 32282 549 4 and and CC 32282 549 5 car car NN 32282 549 6 rose rise VBD 32282 549 7 , , , 32282 549 8 the the DT 32282 549 9 rising rise VBG 32282 549 10 water water NN 32282 549 11 level level NN 32282 549 12 in in IN 32282 549 13 the the DT 32282 549 14 cylinders cylinder NNS 32282 549 15 caused cause VBD 32282 549 16 a a DT 32282 549 17 progressive progressive JJ 32282 549 18 reduction reduction NN 32282 549 19 of of IN 32282 549 20 the the DT 32282 549 21 available available JJ 32282 549 22 head head NN 32282 549 23 . . . 32282 550 1 This this DT 32282 550 2 negative negative JJ 32282 550 3 effect effect NN 32282 550 4 was be VBD 32282 550 5 further further RB 32282 550 6 heightened heighten VBN 32282 550 7 by by IN 32282 550 8 the the DT 32282 550 9 fact fact NN 32282 550 10 that that IN 32282 550 11 , , , 32282 550 12 as as IN 32282 550 13 the the DT 32282 550 14 rams ram NNS 32282 550 15 moved move VBD 32282 550 16 upward upward RB 32282 550 17 , , , 32282 550 18 less less RBR 32282 550 19 and and CC 32282 550 20 less less JJR 32282 550 21 of of IN 32282 550 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 550 23 length length NN 32282 550 24 was be VBD 32282 550 25 buoyed buoy VBN 32282 550 26 by by IN 32282 550 27 the the DT 32282 550 28 water water NN 32282 550 29 within within IN 32282 550 30 the the DT 32282 550 31 cylinders cylinder NNS 32282 550 32 , , , 32282 550 33 increasing increase VBG 32282 550 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 550 35 effective effective JJ 32282 550 36 weight weight NN 32282 550 37 . . . 32282 551 1 These these DT 32282 551 2 two two CD 32282 551 3 factors factor NNS 32282 551 4 were be VBD 32282 551 5 , , , 32282 551 6 however however RB 32282 551 7 , , , 32282 551 8 exactly exactly RB 32282 551 9 compensated compensate VBN 32282 551 10 for for IN 32282 551 11 by by IN 32282 551 12 the the DT 32282 551 13 lengthening lengthening NN 32282 551 14 of of IN 32282 551 15 the the DT 32282 551 16 cables cable NNS 32282 551 17 on on IN 32282 551 18 the the DT 32282 551 19 other other JJ 32282 551 20 side side NN 32282 551 21 of of IN 32282 551 22 the the DT 32282 551 23 pulleys pulley NNS 32282 551 24 as as IN 32282 551 25 the the DT 32282 551 26 lower low JJR 32282 551 27 car car NN 32282 551 28 descended descend VBD 32282 551 29 . . . 32282 552 1 Perfect perfect JJ 32282 552 2 balance balance NN 32282 552 3 of of IN 32282 552 4 the the DT 32282 552 5 system system NN 32282 552 6 's 's POS 32282 552 7 dead dead JJ 32282 552 8 load load NN 32282 552 9 for for IN 32282 552 10 any any DT 32282 552 11 position position NN 32282 552 12 of of IN 32282 552 13 the the DT 32282 552 14 cabins cabin NNS 32282 552 15 was be VBD 32282 552 16 , , , 32282 552 17 therefore therefore RB 32282 552 18 , , , 32282 552 19 a a DT 32282 552 20 quality quality NN 32282 552 21 inherent inherent JJ 32282 552 22 in in IN 32282 552 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 552 24 design design NN 32282 552 25 . . . 32282 553 1 However however RB 32282 553 2 , , , 32282 553 3 there there EX 32282 553 4 were be VBD 32282 553 5 two two CD 32282 553 6 extreme extreme JJ 32282 553 7 conditions condition NNS 32282 553 8 of of IN 32282 553 9 live live JJ 32282 553 10 loading loading NN 32282 553 11 which which WDT 32282 553 12 required require VBD 32282 553 13 consideration consideration NN 32282 553 14 : : : 32282 553 15 the the DT 32282 553 16 lower low JJR 32282 553 17 car car NN 32282 553 18 full full JJ 32282 553 19 and and CC 32282 553 20 the the DT 32282 553 21 upper upper JJ 32282 553 22 empty empty NN 32282 553 23 , , , 32282 553 24 or or CC 32282 553 25 vice vice RB 32282 553 26 versa versa RB 32282 553 27 . . . 32282 554 1 To to TO 32282 554 2 permit permit VB 32282 554 3 the the DT 32282 554 4 upper upper JJ 32282 554 5 car car NN 32282 554 6 to to TO 32282 554 7 descend descend VB 32282 554 8 under under IN 32282 554 9 the the DT 32282 554 10 first first JJ 32282 554 11 condition condition NN 32282 554 12 , , , 32282 554 13 the the DT 32282 554 14 plungers plunger NNS 32282 554 15 were be VBD 32282 554 16 made make VBN 32282 554 17 sufficiently sufficiently RB 32282 554 18 heavy heavy JJ 32282 554 19 , , , 32282 554 20 by by IN 32282 554 21 the the DT 32282 554 22 addition addition NN 32282 554 23 of of IN 32282 554 24 cast cast NN 32282 554 25 iron iron NN 32282 554 26 at at IN 32282 554 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 554 28 lower low JJR 32282 554 29 ends end NNS 32282 554 30 , , , 32282 554 31 to to TO 32282 554 32 overbalance overbalance VB 32282 554 33 the the DT 32282 554 34 weight weight NN 32282 554 35 of of IN 32282 554 36 a a DT 32282 554 37 capacity capacity NN 32282 554 38 load load NN 32282 554 39 in in IN 32282 554 40 the the DT 32282 554 41 lower low JJR 32282 554 42 car car NN 32282 554 43 . . . 32282 555 1 The the DT 32282 555 2 second second JJ 32282 555 3 condition condition NN 32282 555 4 demanded demand VBD 32282 555 5 simply simply RB 32282 555 6 that that IN 32282 555 7 the the DT 32282 555 8 system system NN 32282 555 9 be be VB 32282 555 10 powerful powerful JJ 32282 555 11 enough enough RB 32282 555 12 to to TO 32282 555 13 lift lift VB 32282 555 14 the the DT 32282 555 15 unbalanced unbalanced JJ 32282 555 16 weight weight NN 32282 555 17 of of IN 32282 555 18 the the DT 32282 555 19 plungers plunger NNS 32282 555 20 plus plus CC 32282 555 21 the the DT 32282 555 22 weight weight NN 32282 555 23 of of IN 32282 555 24 passengers passenger NNS 32282 555 25 in in IN 32282 555 26 the the DT 32282 555 27 upper upper JJ 32282 555 28 car car NN 32282 555 29 . . . 32282 556 1 As as IN 32282 556 2 in in IN 32282 556 3 the the DT 32282 556 4 other other JJ 32282 556 5 systems system NNS 32282 556 6 , , , 32282 556 7 safety safety NN 32282 556 8 was be VBD 32282 556 9 a a DT 32282 556 10 matter matter NN 32282 556 11 of of IN 32282 556 12 prime prime JJ 32282 556 13 importance importance NN 32282 556 14 . . . 32282 557 1 In in IN 32282 557 2 this this DT 32282 557 3 case case NN 32282 557 4 , , , 32282 557 5 the the DT 32282 557 6 element element NN 32282 557 7 of of IN 32282 557 8 risk risk NN 32282 557 9 lay lie VBD 32282 557 10 in in IN 32282 557 11 the the DT 32282 557 12 possibility possibility NN 32282 557 13 of of IN 32282 557 14 the the DT 32282 557 15 suspended suspend VBN 32282 557 16 car car NN 32282 557 17 falling fall VBG 32282 557 18 . . . 32282 558 1 The the DT 32282 558 2 upper upper JJ 32282 558 3 car car NN 32282 558 4 , , , 32282 558 5 resting rest VBG 32282 558 6 on on IN 32282 558 7 the the DT 32282 558 8 rams ram NNS 32282 558 9 , , , 32282 558 10 was be VBD 32282 558 11 virtually virtually RB 32282 558 12 free free JJ 32282 558 13 of of IN 32282 558 14 such such JJ 32282 558 15 danger danger NN 32282 558 16 . . . 32282 559 1 Here here RB 32282 559 2 again again RB 32282 559 3 the the DT 32282 559 4 influence influence NN 32282 559 5 of of IN 32282 559 6 Backmann Backmann NNP 32282 559 7 was be VBD 32282 559 8 felt feel VBN 32282 559 9 -- -- : 32282 559 10 a a DT 32282 559 11 brake brake NN 32282 559 12 of of IN 32282 559 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 559 14 design design NN 32282 559 15 was be VBD 32282 559 16 applied apply VBN 32282 559 17 ( ( -LRB- 32282 559 18 fig fig NN 32282 559 19 . . . 32282 560 1 38 38 CD 32282 560 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 560 3 . . . 32282 561 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 561 2 was be VBD 32282 561 3 , , , 32282 561 4 true true JJ 32282 561 5 to to TO 32282 561 6 form form VB 32282 561 7 , , , 32282 561 8 a a DT 32282 561 9 throwback throwback JJ 32282 561 10 , , , 32282 561 11 similar similar JJ 32282 561 12 safety safety NN 32282 561 13 devices device NNS 32282 561 14 having have VBG 32282 561 15 proven prove VBN 32282 561 16 unsuccessful unsuccessful JJ 32282 561 17 much much RB 32282 561 18 earlier early RBR 32282 561 19 . . . 32282 562 1 Attached attach VBN 32282 562 2 to to IN 32282 562 3 the the DT 32282 562 4 lower low JJR 32282 562 5 car car NN 32282 562 6 were be VBD 32282 562 7 two two CD 32282 562 8 helically helically RB 32282 562 9 threaded thread VBN 32282 562 10 vertical vertical JJ 32282 562 11 rollers roller NNS 32282 562 12 , , , 32282 562 13 working work VBG 32282 562 14 within within IN 32282 562 15 the the DT 32282 562 16 hollow hollow JJ 32282 562 17 guides guide NNS 32282 562 18 . . . 32282 563 1 Corresponding correspond VBG 32282 563 2 helical helical JJ 32282 563 3 ribs rib NNS 32282 563 4 in in IN 32282 563 5 the the DT 32282 563 6 guides guide NNS 32282 563 7 rotated rotate VBD 32282 563 8 the the DT 32282 563 9 rollers roller NNS 32282 563 10 as as IN 32282 563 11 the the DT 32282 563 12 car car NN 32282 563 13 moved move VBD 32282 563 14 . . . 32282 564 1 If if IN 32282 564 2 the the DT 32282 564 3 car car NN 32282 564 4 speed speed NN 32282 564 5 exceeded exceed VBD 32282 564 6 a a DT 32282 564 7 set set VBN 32282 564 8 limit limit NN 32282 564 9 , , , 32282 564 10 the the DT 32282 564 11 increased increase VBN 32282 564 12 resistance resistance NN 32282 564 13 offered offer VBN 32282 564 14 by by IN 32282 564 15 the the DT 32282 564 16 apparatus apparatus NN 32282 564 17 drove drive VBD 32282 564 18 the the DT 32282 564 19 rollers roller NNS 32282 564 20 up up RP 32282 564 21 into into IN 32282 564 22 friction friction NN 32282 564 23 cups cup NNS 32282 564 24 , , , 32282 564 25 slowing slow VBG 32282 564 26 or or CC 32282 564 27 stopping stop VBG 32282 564 28 the the DT 32282 564 29 car car NN 32282 564 30 . . . 32282 565 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 565 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 565 3 : : : 32282 565 4 Figure figure VB 32282 565 5 35.--Detail 35.--detail CD 32282 565 6 of of IN 32282 565 7 links link NNS 32282 565 8 in in IN 32282 565 9 the the DT 32282 565 10 Roux Roux NNP 32282 565 11 system system NN 32282 565 12 . . . 32282 566 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 566 2 From from IN 32282 566 3 Gustave Gustave NNP 32282 566 4 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 566 5 , , , 32282 566 6 _ _ NNP 32282 566 7 La La NNP 32282 566 8 Tour Tour NNP 32282 566 9 de de NNP 32282 566 10 Trois Trois NNP 32282 566 11 Cents Cents NNPS 32282 566 12 Mètres Mètres NNPS 32282 566 13 _ _ NNP 32282 566 14 , , , 32282 566 15 Paris Paris NNP 32282 566 16 , , , 32282 566 17 1900 1900 CD 32282 566 18 , , , 32282 566 19 p. p. NN 32282 567 1 156 156 CD 32282 567 2 . . . 32282 567 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 567 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 568 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 568 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 568 3 : : : 32282 568 4 Figure figure NN 32282 568 5 36.--Section 36.--section NN 32282 568 6 of of IN 32282 568 7 guide guide NN 32282 568 8 trunks trunk NNS 32282 568 9 in in IN 32282 568 10 the the DT 32282 568 11 Roux Roux NNP 32282 568 12 system system NN 32282 568 13 . . . 32282 569 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 569 2 From from IN 32282 569 3 Gustave Gustave NNP 32282 569 4 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 569 5 , , , 32282 569 6 _ _ NNP 32282 569 7 La La NNP 32282 569 8 Tour Tour NNP 32282 569 9 de de NNP 32282 569 10 Trois Trois NNP 32282 569 11 Cents Cents NNPS 32282 569 12 Mètres Mètres NNPS 32282 569 13 _ _ NNP 32282 569 14 , , , 32282 569 15 Paris Paris NNP 32282 569 16 , , , 32282 569 17 1900 1900 CD 32282 569 18 , , , 32282 569 19 p. p. NN 32282 570 1 156 156 CD 32282 570 2 . . . 32282 570 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 570 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 571 1 The the DT 32282 571 2 device device NN 32282 571 3 was be VBD 32282 571 4 considered consider VBN 32282 571 5 ineffectual ineffectual JJ 32282 571 6 by by IN 32282 571 7 Edoux Edoux NNP 32282 571 8 and and CC 32282 571 9 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 571 10 , , , 32282 571 11 who who WP 32282 571 12 were be VBD 32282 571 13 aware aware JJ 32282 571 14 that that IN 32282 571 15 the the DT 32282 571 16 ultimate ultimate JJ 32282 571 17 safety safety NN 32282 571 18 of of IN 32282 571 19 the the DT 32282 571 20 system system NN 32282 571 21 resulted result VBD 32282 571 22 from from IN 32282 571 23 the the DT 32282 571 24 use use NN 32282 571 25 of of IN 32282 571 26 supporting support VBG 32282 571 27 cables cable NNS 32282 571 28 far far RB 32282 571 29 heavier heavy JJR 32282 571 30 than than IN 32282 571 31 necessary necessary JJ 32282 571 32 . . . 32282 572 1 There there EX 32282 572 2 were be VBD 32282 572 3 four four CD 32282 572 4 such such JJ 32282 572 5 cables cable NNS 32282 572 6 , , , 32282 572 7 with with IN 32282 572 8 a a DT 32282 572 9 total total JJ 32282 572 10 sectional sectional JJ 32282 572 11 area area NN 32282 572 12 of of IN 32282 572 13 15.5 15.5 CD 32282 572 14 square square JJ 32282 572 15 inches inch NNS 32282 572 16 . . . 32282 573 1 The the DT 32282 573 2 total total JJ 32282 573 3 maximum maximum JJ 32282 573 4 load load NN 32282 573 5 to to IN 32282 573 6 which which WDT 32282 573 7 the the DT 32282 573 8 cables cable NNS 32282 573 9 might may MD 32282 573 10 be be VB 32282 573 11 subjected subject VBN 32282 573 12 was be VBD 32282 573 13 about about RB 32282 573 14 47,000 47,000 CD 32282 573 15 pounds pound NNS 32282 573 16 , , , 32282 573 17 producing produce VBG 32282 573 18 a a DT 32282 573 19 stress stress NN 32282 573 20 of of IN 32282 573 21 about about RB 32282 573 22 3,000 3,000 CD 32282 573 23 pounds pound NNS 32282 573 24 per per IN 32282 573 25 square square JJ 32282 573 26 inch inch NN 32282 573 27 compared compare VBN 32282 573 28 to to IN 32282 573 29 a a DT 32282 573 30 breaking breaking JJ 32282 573 31 stress stress NN 32282 573 32 of of IN 32282 573 33 140,000 140,000 CD 32282 573 34 pounds pound NNS 32282 573 35 per per IN 32282 573 36 square square JJ 32282 573 37 inch inch NN 32282 573 38 -- -- : 32282 573 39 a a DT 32282 573 40 safety safety NN 32282 573 41 factor factor NN 32282 573 42 of of IN 32282 573 43 46 46 CD 32282 573 44 ! ! . 32282 574 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 574 2 16 16 CD 32282 574 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 574 4 [ [ -LRB- 32282 574 5 Illustration illustration NN 32282 574 6 : : : 32282 574 7 Figure figure NN 32282 574 8 37.--Schematic 37.--schematic CD 32282 574 9 diagram diagram NN 32282 574 10 of of IN 32282 574 11 the the DT 32282 574 12 Edoux Edoux NNP 32282 574 13 system system NN 32282 574 14 . . . 32282 575 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 575 2 Adapted adapt VBN 32282 575 3 from from IN 32282 575 4 Gustave Gustave NNP 32282 575 5 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 575 6 , , , 32282 575 7 _ _ NNP 32282 575 8 La La NNP 32282 575 9 Tour Tour NNP 32282 575 10 de de NNP 32282 575 11 Trois Trois NNP 32282 575 12 Cents Cents NNPS 32282 575 13 Mètres Mètres NNPS 32282 575 14 _ _ NNP 32282 575 15 , , , 32282 575 16 Paris Paris NNP 32282 575 17 , , , 32282 575 18 1900 1900 CD 32282 575 19 , , , 32282 575 20 p. p. NN 32282 576 1 175 175 CD 32282 576 2 . . . 32282 576 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 576 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 577 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 577 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 577 3 : : : 32282 577 4 Figure figure VB 32282 577 5 38.--Vertical 38.--vertical CD 32282 577 6 section section NN 32282 577 7 through through IN 32282 577 8 lower low JJR 32282 577 9 ( ( -LRB- 32282 577 10 suspended suspend VBN 32282 577 11 ) ) -RRB- 32282 577 12 Edoux edoux NN 32282 577 13 car car NN 32282 577 14 , , , 32282 577 15 showing show VBG 32282 577 16 Backmann Backmann NNP 32282 577 17 helicoidal helicoidal JJ 32282 577 18 safety safety NN 32282 577 19 brake brake NN 32282 577 20 . . . 32282 578 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 578 2 Adapted adapt VBN 32282 578 3 from from IN 32282 578 4 Gustave Gustave NNP 32282 578 5 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 578 6 , , , 32282 578 7 _ _ NNP 32282 578 8 La La NNP 32282 578 9 Tour Tour NNP 32282 578 10 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 578 11 en en NNP 32282 578 12 1900 1900 CD 32282 578 13 _ _ NNP 32282 578 14 , , , 32282 578 15 Paris Paris NNP 32282 578 16 , , , 32282 578 17 1902 1902 CD 32282 578 18 , , , 32282 578 19 p. p. NN 32282 579 1 12 12 CD 32282 579 2 . . . 32282 579 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 579 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 580 1 A a DT 32282 580 2 curiosity curiosity NN 32282 580 3 in in IN 32282 580 4 connection connection NN 32282 580 5 with with IN 32282 580 6 the the DT 32282 580 7 Edoux Edoux NNP 32282 580 8 system system NN 32282 580 9 was be VBD 32282 580 10 the the DT 32282 580 11 use use NN 32282 580 12 of of IN 32282 580 13 Worthington Worthington NNP 32282 580 14 ( ( -LRB- 32282 580 15 American American NNP 32282 580 16 ) ) -RRB- 32282 580 17 pumps pump NNS 32282 580 18 ( ( -LRB- 32282 580 19 fig fig NN 32282 580 20 . . . 32282 581 1 40 40 LS 32282 581 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 581 3 to to TO 32282 581 4 carry carry VB 32282 581 5 the the DT 32282 581 6 water water NN 32282 581 7 exhausted exhaust VBN 32282 581 8 from from IN 32282 581 9 the the DT 32282 581 10 cylinders cylinder NNS 32282 581 11 back back RB 32282 581 12 to to IN 32282 581 13 the the DT 32282 581 14 supply supply NN 32282 581 15 tanks tank NNS 32282 581 16 . . . 32282 582 1 No no DT 32282 582 2 record record NN 32282 582 3 has have VBZ 32282 582 4 been be VBN 32282 582 5 found find VBN 32282 582 6 that that WDT 32282 582 7 might may MD 32282 582 8 explain explain VB 32282 582 9 why why WRB 32282 582 10 this this DT 32282 582 11 particular particular JJ 32282 582 12 exception exception NN 32282 582 13 was be VBD 32282 582 14 made make VBN 32282 582 15 to to IN 32282 582 16 the the DT 32282 582 17 " " `` 32282 582 18 foreign foreign JJ 32282 582 19 materials material NNS 32282 582 20 " " '' 32282 582 21 stipulation stipulation NN 32282 582 22 . . . 32282 583 1 This this DT 32282 583 2 exception exception NN 32282 583 3 is be VBZ 32282 583 4 even even RB 32282 583 5 more more RBR 32282 583 6 strange strange JJ 32282 583 7 in in IN 32282 583 8 view view NN 32282 583 9 of of IN 32282 583 10 Otis Otis NNP 32282 583 11 ' ' POS 32282 583 12 futile futile JJ 32282 583 13 request request NN 32282 583 14 for for IN 32282 583 15 the the DT 32282 583 16 same same JJ 32282 583 17 pumps pump NNS 32282 583 18 and and CC 32282 583 19 the the DT 32282 583 20 fact fact NN 32282 583 21 that that IN 32282 583 22 any any DT 32282 583 23 number number NN 32282 583 24 of of IN 32282 583 25 native native JJ 32282 583 26 machines machine NNS 32282 583 27 must must MD 32282 583 28 have have VB 32282 583 29 been be VBN 32282 583 30 available available JJ 32282 583 31 . . . 32282 584 1 It -PRON- PRP 32282 584 2 is be VBZ 32282 584 3 possible possible JJ 32282 584 4 that that IN 32282 584 5 Edoux Edoux NNP 32282 584 6 's 's POS 32282 584 7 personal personal JJ 32282 584 8 influence influence NN 32282 584 9 was be VBD 32282 584 10 sufficient sufficient JJ 32282 584 11 to to TO 32282 584 12 overcome overcome VB 32282 584 13 the the DT 32282 584 14 authority authority NN 32282 584 15 of of IN 32282 584 16 the the DT 32282 584 17 regulation regulation NN 32282 584 18 . . . 32282 585 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 585 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 585 3 : : : 32282 585 4 Figure figure NN 32282 585 5 39.--Passengers 39.--passengers CD 32282 585 6 changing change VBG 32282 585 7 cars car NNS 32282 585 8 on on IN 32282 585 9 Edoux Edoux NNP 32282 585 10 elevator elevator NN 32282 585 11 at at IN 32282 585 12 intermediate intermediate JJ 32282 585 13 platform platform NN 32282 585 14 . . . 32282 586 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 586 2 From from IN 32282 586 3 _ _ NNP 32282 586 4 La La NNP 32282 586 5 Nature Nature NNP 32282 586 6 _ _ NNP 32282 586 7 , , , 32282 586 8 May May NNP 32282 586 9 4 4 CD 32282 586 10 , , , 32282 586 11 1889 1889 CD 32282 586 12 , , , 32282 586 13 vol vol NNP 32282 586 14 . . . 32282 587 1 17 17 CD 32282 587 2 , , , 32282 587 3 p. p. NN 32282 588 1 361 361 CD 32282 588 2 . . . 32282 588 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 588 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 589 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 589 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 589 3 : : : 32282 589 4 Figure figure NN 32282 589 5 40.--Worthington 40.--worthington CD 32282 589 6 tandem tandem NN 32282 589 7 compound compound NN 32282 589 8 steam steam NN 32282 589 9 pumps pump NNS 32282 589 10 , , , 32282 589 11 at at IN 32282 589 12 base base NN 32282 589 13 of of IN 32282 589 14 the the DT 32282 589 15 Tower Tower NNP 32282 589 16 's 's POS 32282 589 17 south south JJ 32282 589 18 pier pier NN 32282 589 19 , , , 32282 589 20 supplied supply VBN 32282 589 21 water water NN 32282 589 22 for for IN 32282 589 23 the the DT 32282 589 24 Edoux Edoux NNP 32282 589 25 system system NN 32282 589 26 . . . 32282 590 1 The the DT 32282 590 2 tank tank NN 32282 590 3 was be VBD 32282 590 4 at at IN 32282 590 5 896 896 CD 32282 590 6 feet foot NNS 32282 590 7 , , , 32282 590 8 but but CC 32282 590 9 suction suction NN 32282 590 10 was be VBD 32282 590 11 taken take VBN 32282 590 12 from from IN 32282 590 13 the the DT 32282 590 14 top top NN 32282 590 15 of of IN 32282 590 16 the the DT 32282 590 17 cylinders cylinder NNS 32282 590 18 at at IN 32282 590 19 643 643 CD 32282 590 20 feet foot NNS 32282 590 21 ; ; : 32282 590 22 therefore therefore RB 32282 590 23 , , , 32282 590 24 the the DT 32282 590 25 pumps pump NNS 32282 590 26 worked work VBD 32282 590 27 against against IN 32282 590 28 a a DT 32282 590 29 head head NN 32282 590 30 of of IN 32282 590 31 only only RB 32282 590 32 about about RB 32282 590 33 250 250 CD 32282 590 34 feet foot NNS 32282 590 35 . . . 32282 591 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 591 2 From from IN 32282 591 3 _ _ NNP 32282 591 4 La La NNP 32282 591 5 Nature Nature NNP 32282 591 6 _ _ NNP 32282 591 7 , , , 32282 591 8 Oct. October NNP 32282 591 9 5 5 CD 32282 591 10 , , , 32282 591 11 1889 1889 CD 32282 591 12 , , , 32282 591 13 vol vol NNP 32282 591 14 . . . 32282 592 1 17 17 CD 32282 592 2 , , , 32282 592 3 p. p. NN 32282 593 1 293 293 CD 32282 593 2 . . . 32282 593 3 ) ) -RRB- 32282 593 4 ] ] -RRB- 32282 594 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 594 2 Illustration illustration NN 32282 594 3 : : : 32282 594 4 Figure figure NN 32282 594 5 41.--Recent 41.--recent CD 32282 594 6 view view NN 32282 594 7 of of IN 32282 594 8 lower low JJR 32282 594 9 car car NN 32282 594 10 of of IN 32282 594 11 the the DT 32282 594 12 Edoux Edoux NNP 32282 594 13 system system NN 32282 594 14 , , , 32282 594 15 showing show VBG 32282 594 16 slotted slot VBN 32282 594 17 cylindrical cylindrical JJ 32282 594 18 guides guide NNS 32282 594 19 that that WDT 32282 594 20 enclose enclose VBP 32282 594 21 the the DT 32282 594 22 cables cable NNS 32282 594 23 . . . 32282 594 24 ] ] -RRB- 32282 595 1 Epilogue Epilogue NNP 32282 595 2 In in IN 32282 595 3 1900 1900 CD 32282 595 4 , , , 32282 595 5 after after IN 32282 595 6 the the DT 32282 595 7 customary customary JJ 32282 595 8 11-year 11-year CD 32282 595 9 period period NN 32282 595 10 , , , 32282 595 11 Paris Paris NNP 32282 595 12 again again RB 32282 595 13 prepared prepare VBD 32282 595 14 for for IN 32282 595 15 an an DT 32282 595 16 international international JJ 32282 595 17 exposition exposition NN 32282 595 18 , , , 32282 595 19 about about RB 32282 595 20 5 5 CD 32282 595 21 years year NNS 32282 595 22 too too RB 32282 595 23 early early RB 32282 595 24 to to TO 32282 595 25 take take VB 32282 595 26 advantage advantage NN 32282 595 27 of of IN 32282 595 28 the the DT 32282 595 29 great great JJ 32282 595 30 progress progress NN 32282 595 31 made make VBN 32282 595 32 by by IN 32282 595 33 the the DT 32282 595 34 electric electric JJ 32282 595 35 elevator elevator NN 32282 595 36 . . . 32282 596 1 When when WRB 32282 596 2 the the DT 32282 596 3 Roux Roux NNP 32282 596 4 machines machine NNS 32282 596 5 , , , 32282 596 6 the the DT 32282 596 7 weakest weak JJS 32282 596 8 element element NN 32282 596 9 in in IN 32282 596 10 the the DT 32282 596 11 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 596 12 Tower Tower NNP 32282 596 13 system system NN 32282 596 14 , , , 32282 596 15 were be VBD 32282 596 16 replaced replace VBN 32282 596 17 at at IN 32282 596 18 this this DT 32282 596 19 time time NN 32282 596 20 , , , 32282 596 21 it -PRON- PRP 32282 596 22 was be VBD 32282 596 23 by by IN 32282 596 24 other other JJ 32282 596 25 hydraulics hydraulic NNS 32282 596 26 . . . 32282 597 1 Built build VBN 32282 597 2 by by IN 32282 597 3 the the DT 32282 597 4 well well RB 32282 597 5 known know VBN 32282 597 6 French french JJ 32282 597 7 engineering engineering NN 32282 597 8 organization organization NN 32282 597 9 of of IN 32282 597 10 Fives Fives NNP 32282 597 11 - - HYPH 32282 597 12 Lilles Lilles NNP 32282 597 13 , , , 32282 597 14 the the DT 32282 597 15 new new JJ 32282 597 16 machines machine NNS 32282 597 17 were be VBD 32282 597 18 the the DT 32282 597 19 ultimate ultimate JJ 32282 597 20 in in IN 32282 597 21 power power NN 32282 597 22 , , , 32282 597 23 control control NN 32282 597 24 , , , 32282 597 25 and and CC 32282 597 26 general general JJ 32282 597 27 excellence excellence NN 32282 597 28 of of IN 32282 597 29 operation operation NN 32282 597 30 . . . 32282 598 1 As as IN 32282 598 2 in in IN 32282 598 3 the the DT 32282 598 4 Otis Otis NNP 32282 598 5 system system NN 32282 598 6 , , , 32282 598 7 the the DT 32282 598 8 cars car NNS 32282 598 9 ran run VBD 32282 598 10 all all PDT 32282 598 11 the the DT 32282 598 12 way way NN 32282 598 13 to to IN 32282 598 14 the the DT 32282 598 15 second second JJ 32282 598 16 platform platform NN 32282 598 17 . . . 32282 599 1 The the DT 32282 599 2 Fives Fives NNPS 32282 599 3 - - HYPH 32282 599 4 Lilles Lilles NNP 32282 599 5 equipment equipment NN 32282 599 6 reflected reflect VBD 32282 599 7 the the DT 32282 599 8 advance advance NN 32282 599 9 of of IN 32282 599 10 European european JJ 32282 599 11 elevator elevator NN 32282 599 12 engineering engineering NN 32282 599 13 in in IN 32282 599 14 this this DT 32282 599 15 short short JJ 32282 599 16 time time NN 32282 599 17 . . . 32282 600 1 The the DT 32282 600 2 machines machine NNS 32282 600 3 were be VBD 32282 600 4 rope rope NN 32282 600 5 - - HYPH 32282 600 6 geared gear VBN 32282 600 7 and and CC 32282 600 8 incorporated incorporate VBD 32282 600 9 the the DT 32282 600 10 elegant elegant JJ 32282 600 11 feature feature NN 32282 600 12 of of IN 32282 600 13 self self NN 32282 600 14 - - HYPH 32282 600 15 leveling leveling NN 32282 600 16 cabins cabin NNS 32282 600 17 which which WDT 32282 600 18 compensated compensate VBD 32282 600 19 for for IN 32282 600 20 the the DT 32282 600 21 varying varying NN 32282 600 22 track track NN 32282 600 23 inclination inclination NN 32282 600 24 . . . 32282 601 1 For for IN 32282 601 2 the the DT 32282 601 3 1900 1900 CD 32282 601 4 fair fair NN 32282 601 5 , , , 32282 601 6 the the DT 32282 601 7 Otis Otis NNP 32282 601 8 elevator elevator NN 32282 601 9 in in IN 32282 601 10 the the DT 32282 601 11 south south NNP 32282 601 12 pier pier NN 32282 601 13 was be VBD 32282 601 14 also also RB 32282 601 15 removed remove VBN 32282 601 16 and and CC 32282 601 17 a a DT 32282 601 18 wide wide JJ 32282 601 19 stairway stairway NN 32282 601 20 to to IN 32282 601 21 the the DT 32282 601 22 first first JJ 32282 601 23 platform platform NN 32282 601 24 built build VBN 32282 601 25 in in IN 32282 601 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 601 27 place place NN 32282 601 28 . . . 32282 602 1 In in IN 32282 602 2 1912 1912 CD 32282 602 3 , , , 32282 602 4 25 25 CD 32282 602 5 years year NNS 32282 602 6 after after IN 32282 602 7 Backmann Backmann NNP 32282 602 8 's 's POS 32282 602 9 startling startling JJ 32282 602 10 proposal proposal NN 32282 602 11 to to TO 32282 602 12 use use VB 32282 602 13 electricity electricity NN 32282 602 14 for for IN 32282 602 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 32282 602 16 system system NN 32282 602 17 , , , 32282 602 18 the the DT 32282 602 19 remaining remain VBG 32282 602 20 Otis Otis NNP 32282 602 21 elevator elevator NN 32282 602 22 was be VBD 32282 602 23 replaced replace VBN 32282 602 24 by by IN 32282 602 25 a a DT 32282 602 26 small small JJ 32282 602 27 electric electric JJ 32282 602 28 one one CD 32282 602 29 . . . 32282 603 1 This this DT 32282 603 2 innovation innovation NN 32282 603 3 was be VBD 32282 603 4 reluctantly reluctantly RB 32282 603 5 introduced introduce VBN 32282 603 6 solely solely RB 32282 603 7 for for IN 32282 603 8 the the DT 32282 603 9 purpose purpose NN 32282 603 10 of of IN 32282 603 11 accommodating accommodate VBG 32282 603 12 visitors visitor NNS 32282 603 13 in in IN 32282 603 14 the the DT 32282 603 15 winter winter NN 32282 603 16 when when WRB 32282 603 17 the the DT 32282 603 18 hydraulic hydraulic NNP 32282 603 19 systems systems NNPS 32282 603 20 were be VBD 32282 603 21 shut shut VBN 32282 603 22 down down RP 32282 603 23 due due IN 32282 603 24 to to IN 32282 603 25 freezing freeze VBG 32282 603 26 weather weather NN 32282 603 27 . . . 32282 604 1 The the DT 32282 604 2 electric electric JJ 32282 604 3 elevator elevator NN 32282 604 4 had have VBD 32282 604 5 a a DT 32282 604 6 short short JJ 32282 604 7 life life NN 32282 604 8 , , , 32282 604 9 being be VBG 32282 604 10 removed remove VBN 32282 604 11 in in IN 32282 604 12 1922 1922 CD 32282 604 13 when when WRB 32282 604 14 the the DT 32282 604 15 number number NN 32282 604 16 of of IN 32282 604 17 winter winter NN 32282 604 18 visitors visitor NNS 32282 604 19 increased increase VBN 32282 604 20 far far RB 32282 604 21 beyond beyond IN 32282 604 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 604 23 capacity capacity NN 32282 604 24 . . . 32282 605 1 However however RB 32282 605 2 , , , 32282 605 3 the the DT 32282 605 4 two two CD 32282 605 5 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 605 6 systems system NNS 32282 605 7 were be VBD 32282 605 8 modified modify VBN 32282 605 9 to to TO 32282 605 10 operate operate VB 32282 605 11 in in IN 32282 605 12 freezing freeze VBG 32282 605 13 temperatures temperature NNS 32282 605 14 -- -- : 32282 605 15 presumably presumably RB 32282 605 16 by by IN 32282 605 17 the the DT 32282 605 18 simple simple JJ 32282 605 19 expedient expedient NN 32282 605 20 of of IN 32282 605 21 adding add VBG 32282 605 22 an an DT 32282 605 23 antifreezing antifreeze VBG 32282 605 24 chemical chemical NN 32282 605 25 to to IN 32282 605 26 the the DT 32282 605 27 water water NN 32282 605 28 -- -- : 32282 605 29 and and CC 32282 605 30 operation operation NN 32282 605 31 was be VBD 32282 605 32 placed place VBN 32282 605 33 on on IN 32282 605 34 a a DT 32282 605 35 year year NN 32282 605 36 - - HYPH 32282 605 37 round round JJ 32282 605 38 basis basis NN 32282 605 39 . . . 32282 606 1 Today today NN 32282 606 2 the the DT 32282 606 3 two two CD 32282 606 4 Fives Fives NNPS 32282 606 5 - - HYPH 32282 606 6 Lilles Lilles NNP 32282 606 7 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 32282 606 8 systems system NNS 32282 606 9 remain remain VBP 32282 606 10 in in IN 32282 606 11 full full JJ 32282 606 12 use use NN 32282 606 13 ; ; : 32282 606 14 and and CC 32282 606 15 visitors visitor NNS 32282 606 16 reach reach VBP 32282 606 17 the the DT 32282 606 18 Tower Tower NNP 32282 606 19 's 's POS 32282 606 20 summit summit NN 32282 606 21 by by IN 32282 606 22 Edoux Edoux NNP 32282 606 23 's 's POS 32282 606 24 elevator elevator NN 32282 606 25 ( ( -LRB- 32282 606 26 fig fig NN 32282 606 27 . . . 32282 607 1 41 41 CD 32282 607 2 ) ) -RRB- 32282 607 3 , , , 32282 607 4 which which WDT 32282 607 5 is be VBZ 32282 607 6 all all DT 32282 607 7 that that WDT 32282 607 8 remains remain VBZ 32282 607 9 of of IN 32282 607 10 the the DT 32282 607 11 original original JJ 32282 607 12 installation installation NN 32282 607 13 . . . 32282 608 1 BALANCE balance NN 32282 608 2 OF of IN 32282 608 3 THE the DT 32282 608 4 THREE three CD 32282 608 5 ELEVATOR ELEVATOR NNP 32282 608 6 SYSTEMS system NNS 32282 608 7 _ _ NNP 32282 608 8 The the DT 32282 608 9 Otis Otis NNP 32282 608 10 System System NNP 32282 608 11 _ _ NNP 32282 608 12 Negative Negative NNP 32282 608 13 effect effect NN 32282 608 14 Weight Weight NNP 32282 608 15 of of IN 32282 608 16 cabin cabin NN 32282 608 17 : : : 32282 608 18 23,900 23,900 CD 32282 608 19 lb lb IN 32282 608 20 . . . 32282 609 1 × × NNP 32282 609 2 sin sin NN 32282 609 3 78 78 CD 32282 609 4 ° ° , 32282 609 5 9 9 CD 32282 609 6 ' ' POS 32282 609 7 ( ( -LRB- 32282 609 8 incline incline NN 32282 609 9 of of IN 32282 609 10 upper upper JJ 32282 609 11 run run NN 32282 609 12 ) ) -RRB- 32282 609 13 23,390 23,390 CD 32282 609 14 lb lb XX 32282 609 15 . . . 32282 610 1 Live live JJ 32282 610 2 load load NN 32282 610 3 : : : 32282 610 4 40 40 CD 32282 610 5 persons person NNS 32282 610 6 @150 @150 NNP 32282 610 7 lb lb XX 32282 610 8 . . . 32282 611 1 = = NFP 32282 611 2 6,000 6,000 CD 32282 611 3 × × NN 32282 611 4 sin sin NN 32282 611 5 78 78 CD 32282 611 6 ° ° , 32282 611 7 9 9 CD 32282 611 8 ' ' CD 32282 611 9 5,872 5,872 CD 32282 611 10 ------ ------ CD 32282 611 11 -- -- : 32282 611 12 29,262 29,262 CD 32282 611 13 lb lb RB 32282 611 14 . . . 32282 612 1 Positive positive JJ 32282 612 2 effect effect NN 32282 612 3 Counterweight Counterweight NNP 32282 612 4 : : : 32282 612 5 55,000 55,000 CD 32282 612 6 × × NNS 32282 612 7 sin sin NN 32282 612 8 54 54 CD 32282 612 9 ° ° , 32282 612 10 35 35 CD 32282 612 11 ' ' POS 32282 612 12 ( ( -LRB- 32282 612 13 incline incline NN 32282 612 14 of of IN 32282 612 15 lower low JJR 32282 612 16 run run NN 32282 612 17 ) ) -RRB- 32282 612 18 ------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------ NFP 32282 612 19 3 3 CD 32282 612 20 ( ( -LRB- 32282 612 21 rope rope NN 32282 612 22 gear gear NN 32282 612 23 ratio ratio NN 32282 612 24 ) ) -RRB- 32282 612 25 14,940 14,940 CD 32282 612 26 lb lb JJ 32282 612 27 . . . 32282 613 1 Weight weight NN 32282 613 2 of of IN 32282 613 3 piston piston NN 32282 613 4 and and CC 32282 613 5 chariot chariot NN 32282 613 6 : : : 32282 613 7 33,060 33,060 CD 32282 613 8 × × CD 32282 613 9 sin sin NN 32282 613 10 54 54 CD 32282 613 11 ° ° , 32282 613 12 35 35 CD 32282 613 13 ' ' CD 32282 613 14 ------------------ ------------------ CD 32282 613 15 12 12 CD 32282 613 16 ( ( -LRB- 32282 613 17 ratio ratio NN 32282 613 18 ) ) -RRB- 32282 613 19 2,245 2,245 CD 32282 613 20 Power power NN 32282 613 21 : : : 32282 613 22 156 156 CD 32282 613 23 p.s.i p.s.i NN 32282 613 24 . . . 32282 614 1 × × NNP 32282 614 2 1,134 1,134 CD 32282 614 3 sq sq NN 32282 614 4 . . . 32282 615 1 in in IN 32282 615 2 . . . 32282 616 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 616 2 piston piston NNP 32282 616 3 area area NN 32282 616 4 ) ) -RRB- 32282 616 5 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- NFP 32282 616 6 12 12 CD 32282 616 7 ( ( -LRB- 32282 616 8 ratio ratio NN 32282 616 9 ) ) -RRB- 32282 616 10 14,742 14,742 CD 32282 616 11 31,927 31,927 CD 32282 616 12 lb lb JJ 32282 616 13 . . . 32282 617 1 Excess excess JJ 32282 617 2 to to TO 32282 617 3 overcome overcome VB 32282 617 4 friction friction NN 32282 617 5 2,665 2,665 CD 32282 617 6 lb lb RB 32282 617 7 . . . 32282 618 1 _ _ NNP 32282 618 2 The the DT 32282 618 3 Roux Roux NNP 32282 618 4 , , , 32282 618 5 Combaluzier Combaluzier NNP 32282 618 6 and and CC 32282 618 7 Lepape Lepape NNP 32282 618 8 System System NNP 32282 618 9 _ _ NNP 32282 618 10 Negative Negative NNP 32282 618 11 effect effect NN 32282 618 12 Weight Weight NNP 32282 618 13 of of IN 32282 618 14 cabin cabin NN 32282 618 15 : : : 32282 618 16 14,100 14,100 CD 32282 618 17 × × NNS 32282 618 18 sin sin NN 32282 618 19 54 54 CD 32282 618 20 ° ° , 32282 618 21 35 35 CD 32282 618 22 ' ' CD 32282 618 23 11,500 11,500 CD 32282 618 24 lb lb NN 32282 618 25 . . . 32282 619 1 Live live JJ 32282 619 2 load load NN 32282 619 3 : : : 32282 619 4 100 100 CD 32282 619 5 persons person NNS 32282 619 6 @150 @150 NNP 32282 619 7 lb lb XX 32282 619 8 . . . 32282 620 1 = = NFP 32282 620 2 15,000 15,000 CD 32282 620 3 × × NNS 32282 620 4 sin sin NN 32282 620 5 54 54 CD 32282 620 6 ° ° , 32282 620 7 35 35 CD 32282 620 8 ' ' CD 32282 620 9 12,220 12,220 CD 32282 620 10 ------ ------ CD 32282 620 11 -- -- : 32282 620 12 23,720 23,720 CD 32282 620 13 lb lb IN 32282 620 14 . . . 32282 621 1 Positive positive JJ 32282 621 2 effect effect NN 32282 621 3 Counterweight Counterweight NNP 32282 621 4 : : : 32282 621 5 6,600 6,600 CD 32282 621 6 × × CD 32282 621 7 sin sin NN 32282 621 8 54 54 CD 32282 621 9 ° ° , 32282 621 10 35 35 CD 32282 621 11 ' ' CD 32282 621 12 5,380 5,380 CD 32282 621 13 Power power NN 32282 621 14 : : : 32282 621 15 156 156 CD 32282 621 16 p.s.i p.s.i NN 32282 621 17 . . . 32282 622 1 × × UH 32282 622 2 2 2 CD 32282 622 3 ( ( -LRB- 32282 622 4 pistons piston NNS 32282 622 5 ) ) -RRB- 32282 622 6 × × NNP 32282 622 7 1,341.5 1,341.5 CD 32282 622 8 sq sq NN 32282 622 9 . . . 32282 623 1 in in IN 32282 623 2 . . . 32282 624 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 624 2 piston piston NNP 32282 624 3 area area NN 32282 624 4 ) ) -RRB- 32282 624 5 ------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------ NFP 32282 624 6 13 13 CD 32282 624 7 ( ( -LRB- 32282 624 8 ratio ratio NN 32282 624 9 ) ) -RRB- 32282 624 10 32,196 32,196 CD 32282 624 11 37,576 37,576 CD 32282 624 12 lb lb RB 32282 624 13 . . . 32282 625 1 ------ ------ NFP 32282 625 2 ---------- ---------- NFP 32282 625 3 Excess excess NN 32282 625 4 to to TO 32282 625 5 overcome overcome VB 32282 625 6 friction friction NN 32282 625 7 13,856 13,856 CD 32282 625 8 lb lb RB 32282 625 9 . . . 32282 626 1 _ _ NNP 32282 626 2 The the DT 32282 626 3 Edoux Edoux NNP 32282 626 4 System System NNP 32282 626 5 _ _ NNP 32282 626 6 Negative negative JJ 32282 626 7 effect effect NN 32282 626 8 Unbalanced unbalanced JJ 32282 626 9 weight weight NN 32282 626 10 of of IN 32282 626 11 plungers plunger NNS 32282 626 12 ( ( -LRB- 32282 626 13 necessary necessary JJ 32282 626 14 to to TO 32282 626 15 raise raise VB 32282 626 16 full full JJ 32282 626 17 lower low JJR 32282 626 18 car car NN 32282 626 19 and and CC 32282 626 20 weight weight NN 32282 626 21 of of IN 32282 626 22 cables cable NNS 32282 626 23 on on IN 32282 626 24 lower low JJR 32282 626 25 side side NN 32282 626 26 ) ) -RRB- 32282 626 27 42,330 42,330 CD 32282 626 28 lb lb RB 32282 626 29 . . . 32282 627 1 Live live JJ 32282 627 2 load load NN 32282 627 3 : : : 32282 627 4 60 60 CD 32282 627 5 persons person NNS 32282 627 6 @150 @150 NNP 32282 627 7 lb lb XX 32282 627 8 . . . 32282 628 1 9,000 9,000 CD 32282 628 2 ------ ------ XX 32282 628 3 -- -- : 32282 628 4 51,330 51,330 CD 32282 628 5 lb lb XX 32282 628 6 . . . 32282 629 1 Positive positive JJ 32282 629 2 effect effect NN 32282 629 3 Power power NN 32282 629 4 : : : 32282 629 5 227.5 227.5 CD 32282 629 6 p.s.i p.s.i NN 32282 629 7 . . . 32282 630 1 × × UH 32282 630 2 2 2 CD 32282 630 3 ( ( -LRB- 32282 630 4 plungers plunger NNS 32282 630 5 ) ) -RRB- 32282 630 6 × × NFP 32282 630 7 124 124 CD 32282 630 8 sq sq NN 32282 630 9 . . . 32282 631 1 in in IN 32282 631 2 . . . 32282 632 1 ( ( -LRB- 32282 632 2 plunger plunger NNP 32282 632 3 area area NN 32282 632 4 ) ) -RRB- 32282 632 5 56,420 56,420 CD 32282 632 6 lb lb XX 32282 632 7 . . . 32282 633 1 ---------- ---------- NFP 32282 633 2 Excess excess JJ 32282 633 3 to to TO 32282 633 4 overcome overcome VB 32282 633 5 friction friction NN 32282 633 6 5,090 5,090 CD 32282 633 7 lb lb IN 32282 633 8 . . . 32282 634 1 Footnotes footnote NNS 32282 634 2 : : : 32282 634 3 [ [ -LRB- 32282 634 4 1 1 CD 32282 634 5 ] ] -RRB- 32282 634 6 Translated translate VBN 32282 634 7 from from IN 32282 634 8 Jean Jean NNP 32282 634 9 A. a. NN 32282 634 10 Keim Keim NNP 32282 634 11 , , , 32282 634 12 _ _ NNP 32282 634 13 La La NNP 32282 634 14 Tour Tour NNP 32282 634 15 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 634 16 _ _ NNP 32282 634 17 , , , 32282 634 18 Paris Paris NNP 32282 634 19 , , , 32282 634 20 1950 1950 CD 32282 634 21 . . . 32282 635 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 635 2 2 2 LS 32282 635 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 635 4 The the DT 32282 635 5 foundation foundation NN 32282 635 6 footings footing NNS 32282 635 7 exerted exert VBD 32282 635 8 a a DT 32282 635 9 pressure pressure NN 32282 635 10 on on IN 32282 635 11 the the DT 32282 635 12 earth earth NN 32282 635 13 of of IN 32282 635 14 about about RB 32282 635 15 200 200 CD 32282 635 16 pounds pound NNS 32282 635 17 per per IN 32282 635 18 square square JJ 32282 635 19 foot foot NN 32282 635 20 , , , 32282 635 21 roughly roughly RB 32282 635 22 one one CD 32282 635 23 - - HYPH 32282 635 24 sixth sixth JJ 32282 635 25 that that DT 32282 635 26 of of IN 32282 635 27 the the DT 32282 635 28 Washington Washington NNP 32282 635 29 Monument Monument NNP 32282 635 30 , , , 32282 635 31 then then RB 32282 635 32 the the DT 32282 635 33 highest high JJS 32282 635 34 structure structure NN 32282 635 35 in in IN 32282 635 36 the the DT 32282 635 37 world world NN 32282 635 38 . . . 32282 636 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 636 2 3 3 LS 32282 636 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 636 4 A a DT 32282 636 5 type type NN 32282 636 6 of of IN 32282 636 7 elevator elevator NN 32282 636 8 known know VBN 32282 636 9 as as IN 32282 636 10 the the DT 32282 636 11 " " `` 32282 636 12 teagle teagle NN 32282 636 13 " " '' 32282 636 14 was be VBD 32282 636 15 in in IN 32282 636 16 use use NN 32282 636 17 in in IN 32282 636 18 some some DT 32282 636 19 multistory multistory JJ 32282 636 20 English english JJ 32282 636 21 factories factory NNS 32282 636 22 by by IN 32282 636 23 about about IN 32282 636 24 1835 1835 CD 32282 636 25 . . . 32282 637 1 From from IN 32282 637 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 637 3 description description NN 32282 637 4 , , , 32282 637 5 this this DT 32282 637 6 elevator elevator NN 32282 637 7 appears appear VBZ 32282 637 8 to to TO 32282 637 9 have have VB 32282 637 10 been be VBN 32282 637 11 primarily primarily RB 32282 637 12 for for IN 32282 637 13 the the DT 32282 637 14 use use NN 32282 637 15 of of IN 32282 637 16 passengers passenger NNS 32282 637 17 , , , 32282 637 18 but but CC 32282 637 19 it -PRON- PRP 32282 637 20 unquestionably unquestionably RB 32282 637 21 carried carry VBD 32282 637 22 freight freight NN 32282 637 23 as as RB 32282 637 24 well well RB 32282 637 25 . . . 32282 638 1 The the DT 32282 638 2 machine machine NN 32282 638 3 shown show VBN 32282 638 4 in in IN 32282 638 5 figure figure NN 32282 638 6 7 7 CD 32282 638 7 had have VBD 32282 638 8 , , , 32282 638 9 with with IN 32282 638 10 the the DT 32282 638 11 exception exception NN 32282 638 12 of of IN 32282 638 13 a a DT 32282 638 14 car car NN 32282 638 15 safety safety NN 32282 638 16 , , , 32282 638 17 all all PDT 32282 638 18 the the DT 32282 638 19 features feature NNS 32282 638 20 of of IN 32282 638 21 later later JJ 32282 638 22 systems system NNS 32282 638 23 driven drive VBN 32282 638 24 from from IN 32282 638 25 line line NN 32282 638 26 shafting shafting NN 32282 638 27 -- -- : 32282 638 28 counterweight counterweight JJ 32282 638 29 , , , 32282 638 30 control control NN 32282 638 31 from from IN 32282 638 32 the the DT 32282 638 33 car car NN 32282 638 34 , , , 32282 638 35 and and CC 32282 638 36 reversal reversal NN 32282 638 37 by by IN 32282 638 38 straight straight JJ 32282 638 39 and and CC 32282 638 40 crossed cross VBD 32282 638 41 belts belt NNS 32282 638 42 . . . 32282 639 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 639 2 4 4 LS 32282 639 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 639 4 The the DT 32282 639 5 Otis Otis NNP 32282 639 6 safety safety NN 32282 639 7 , , , 32282 639 8 of of IN 32282 639 9 which which WDT 32282 639 10 a a DT 32282 639 11 modified modify VBN 32282 639 12 form form NN 32282 639 13 is be VBZ 32282 639 14 still still RB 32282 639 15 used use VBN 32282 639 16 , , , 32282 639 17 consisted consist VBN 32282 639 18 essentially essentially RB 32282 639 19 of of IN 32282 639 20 a a DT 32282 639 21 leaf leaf NN 32282 639 22 wagon wagon NN 32282 639 23 spring spring NN 32282 639 24 , , , 32282 639 25 on on IN 32282 639 26 the the DT 32282 639 27 car car NN 32282 639 28 frame frame NN 32282 639 29 , , , 32282 639 30 kept keep VBD 32282 639 31 strained strain VBN 32282 639 32 by by IN 32282 639 33 the the DT 32282 639 34 tension tension NN 32282 639 35 of of IN 32282 639 36 the the DT 32282 639 37 hoisting hoist VBG 32282 639 38 cables cable NNS 32282 639 39 . . . 32282 640 1 If if IN 32282 640 2 these these DT 32282 640 3 gave give VBD 32282 640 4 way way NN 32282 640 5 , , , 32282 640 6 the the DT 32282 640 7 spring spring NN 32282 640 8 , , , 32282 640 9 released release VBN 32282 640 10 , , , 32282 640 11 drove drive VBD 32282 640 12 dogs dog NNS 32282 640 13 into into IN 32282 640 14 continuous continuous JJ 32282 640 15 racks rack NNS 32282 640 16 on on IN 32282 640 17 the the DT 32282 640 18 vertical vertical JJ 32282 640 19 guides guide NNS 32282 640 20 , , , 32282 640 21 holding hold VBG 32282 640 22 the the DT 32282 640 23 car car NN 32282 640 24 or or CC 32282 640 25 platform platform NN 32282 640 26 in in IN 32282 640 27 place place NN 32282 640 28 . . . 32282 641 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 641 2 5 5 CD 32282 641 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 641 4 A a DT 32282 641 5 notable notable JJ 32282 641 6 exception exception NN 32282 641 7 was be VBD 32282 641 8 the the DT 32282 641 9 elevator elevator NN 32282 641 10 in in IN 32282 641 11 the the DT 32282 641 12 Washington Washington NNP 32282 641 13 Monument Monument NNP 32282 641 14 . . . 32282 642 1 Installed instal VBN 32282 642 2 in in IN 32282 642 3 1880 1880 CD 32282 642 4 for for IN 32282 642 5 raising raise VBG 32282 642 6 materials material NNS 32282 642 7 during during IN 32282 642 8 the the DT 32282 642 9 structure structure NN 32282 642 10 's 's POS 32282 642 11 final final JJ 32282 642 12 period period NN 32282 642 13 of of IN 32282 642 14 erection erection NN 32282 642 15 and and CC 32282 642 16 afterwards afterwards RB 32282 642 17 converted convert VBN 32282 642 18 to to IN 32282 642 19 passenger passenger NN 32282 642 20 service service NN 32282 642 21 , , , 32282 642 22 it -PRON- PRP 32282 642 23 was be VBD 32282 642 24 for for IN 32282 642 25 many many JJ 32282 642 26 years year NNS 32282 642 27 the the DT 32282 642 28 highest high JJS 32282 642 29 - - HYPH 32282 642 30 rise rise NN 32282 642 31 elevator elevator NN 32282 642 32 in in IN 32282 642 33 the the DT 32282 642 34 world world NN 32282 642 35 ( ( -LRB- 32282 642 36 about about RB 32282 642 37 500 500 CD 32282 642 38 feet foot NNS 32282 642 39 ) ) -RRB- 32282 642 40 , , , 32282 642 41 and and CC 32282 642 42 was be VBD 32282 642 43 certainly certainly RB 32282 642 44 among among IN 32282 642 45 the the DT 32282 642 46 slowest slow JJS 32282 642 47 , , , 32282 642 48 having have VBG 32282 642 49 a a DT 32282 642 50 speed speed NN 32282 642 51 of of IN 32282 642 52 50 50 CD 32282 642 53 feet foot NNS 32282 642 54 per per IN 32282 642 55 minute minute NN 32282 642 56 . . . 32282 643 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 643 2 6 6 CD 32282 643 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 643 4 Today today NN 32282 643 5 , , , 32282 643 6 although although IN 32282 643 7 not not RB 32282 643 8 limited limit VBN 32282 643 9 by by IN 32282 643 10 the the DT 32282 643 11 machinery machinery NN 32282 643 12 , , , 32282 643 13 speeds speed NNS 32282 643 14 are be VBP 32282 643 15 set set VBN 32282 643 16 at at IN 32282 643 17 a a DT 32282 643 18 maximum maximum NN 32282 643 19 of of IN 32282 643 20 about about IN 32282 643 21 1,400 1,400 CD 32282 643 22 feet foot NNS 32282 643 23 per per IN 32282 643 24 minute minute NN 32282 643 25 . . . 32282 644 1 If if IN 32282 644 2 higher high JJR 32282 644 3 speeds speed NNS 32282 644 4 were be VBD 32282 644 5 used use VBN 32282 644 6 , , , 32282 644 7 an an DT 32282 644 8 impractically impractically RB 32282 644 9 long long JJ 32282 644 10 express express JJ 32282 644 11 run run NN 32282 644 12 would would MD 32282 644 13 be be VB 32282 644 14 necessary necessary JJ 32282 644 15 for for IN 32282 644 16 starting start VBG 32282 644 17 and and CC 32282 644 18 stopping stop VBG 32282 644 19 in in IN 32282 644 20 order order NN 32282 644 21 to to TO 32282 644 22 prevent prevent VB 32282 644 23 an an DT 32282 644 24 acceleration acceleration NN 32282 644 25 so so RB 32282 644 26 rapid rapid JJ 32282 644 27 as as IN 32282 644 28 to to TO 32282 644 29 be be VB 32282 644 30 uncomfortable uncomfortable JJ 32282 644 31 to to IN 32282 644 32 passengers passenger NNS 32282 644 33 and and CC 32282 644 34 a a DT 32282 644 35 strain strain NN 32282 644 36 on on IN 32282 644 37 the the DT 32282 644 38 equipment equipment NN 32282 644 39 . . . 32282 645 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 645 2 7 7 CD 32282 645 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 645 4 Two two CD 32282 645 5 machines machine NNS 32282 645 6 , , , 32282 645 7 by by IN 32282 645 8 Otis Otis NNP 32282 645 9 , , , 32282 645 10 in in IN 32282 645 11 the the DT 32282 645 12 Demarest Demarest NNP 32282 645 13 Building Building NNP 32282 645 14 , , , 32282 645 15 Fifth Fifth NNP 32282 645 16 Avenue Avenue NNP 32282 645 17 and and CC 32282 645 18 33d 33d NNP 32282 645 19 Street Street NNP 32282 645 20 , , , 32282 645 21 New New NNP 32282 645 22 York York NNP 32282 645 23 . . . 32282 646 1 They -PRON- PRP 32282 646 2 were be VBD 32282 646 3 in in IN 32282 646 4 use use NN 32282 646 5 for for IN 32282 646 6 over over IN 32282 646 7 30 30 CD 32282 646 8 years year NNS 32282 646 9 . . . 32282 647 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 647 2 8 8 CD 32282 647 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 647 4 Although although IN 32282 647 5 the the DT 32282 647 6 eventually eventually RB 32282 647 7 successful successful JJ 32282 647 8 application application NN 32282 647 9 of of IN 32282 647 10 electric electric JJ 32282 647 11 power power NN 32282 647 12 to to IN 32282 647 13 the the DT 32282 647 14 elevator elevator NN 32282 647 15 did do VBD 32282 647 16 not not RB 32282 647 17 occur occur VB 32282 647 18 until until IN 32282 647 19 1904 1904 CD 32282 647 20 , , , 32282 647 21 and and CC 32282 647 22 therefore therefore RB 32282 647 23 goes go VBZ 32282 647 24 beyond beyond IN 32282 647 25 the the DT 32282 647 26 chronological chronological JJ 32282 647 27 scope scope NN 32282 647 28 of of IN 32282 647 29 this this DT 32282 647 30 discussion discussion NN 32282 647 31 , , , 32282 647 32 it -PRON- PRP 32282 647 33 was be VBD 32282 647 34 of of IN 32282 647 35 such such JJ 32282 647 36 importance importance NN 32282 647 37 insofar insofar RB 32282 647 38 as as IN 32282 647 39 current current JJ 32282 647 40 practice practice NN 32282 647 41 is be VBZ 32282 647 42 concerned concern VBN 32282 647 43 as as IN 32282 647 44 to to TO 32282 647 45 be be VB 32282 647 46 worthy worthy JJ 32282 647 47 of of IN 32282 647 48 brief brief JJ 32282 647 49 mention mention NN 32282 647 50 . . . 32282 648 1 In in IN 32282 648 2 that that DT 32282 648 3 year year NN 32282 648 4 the the DT 32282 648 5 first first JJ 32282 648 6 gearless gearless JJ 32282 648 7 traction traction NN 32282 648 8 machine machine NN 32282 648 9 was be VBD 32282 648 10 installed instal VBN 32282 648 11 by by IN 32282 648 12 Otis Otis NNP 32282 648 13 in in IN 32282 648 14 a a DT 32282 648 15 Chicago Chicago NNP 32282 648 16 theatre theatre NN 32282 648 17 . . . 32282 649 1 As as IN 32282 649 2 the the DT 32282 649 3 name name NN 32282 649 4 implies imply VBZ 32282 649 5 , , , 32282 649 6 the the DT 32282 649 7 cables cable NNS 32282 649 8 were be VBD 32282 649 9 not not RB 32282 649 10 wrapped wrap VBN 32282 649 11 on on IN 32282 649 12 a a DT 32282 649 13 drum drum NN 32282 649 14 but but CC 32282 649 15 passed pass VBD 32282 649 16 , , , 32282 649 17 from from IN 32282 649 18 the the DT 32282 649 19 car car NN 32282 649 20 , , , 32282 649 21 over over IN 32282 649 22 a a DT 32282 649 23 grooved grooved JJ 32282 649 24 sheave sheave NN 32282 649 25 directly directly RB 32282 649 26 on on IN 32282 649 27 the the DT 32282 649 28 motor motor NN 32282 649 29 shaft shaft NN 32282 649 30 , , , 32282 649 31 the the DT 32282 649 32 other other JJ 32282 649 33 ends end NNS 32282 649 34 being be VBG 32282 649 35 attached attach VBN 32282 649 36 to to IN 32282 649 37 the the DT 32282 649 38 counterweights counterweight NNS 32282 649 39 . . . 32282 650 1 The the DT 32282 650 2 result result NN 32282 650 3 was be VBD 32282 650 4 a a DT 32282 650 5 system system NN 32282 650 6 of of IN 32282 650 7 beautiful beautiful JJ 32282 650 8 simplicity simplicity NN 32282 650 9 , , , 32282 650 10 capable capable JJ 32282 650 11 of of IN 32282 650 12 any any DT 32282 650 13 rise rise NN 32282 650 14 and and CC 32282 650 15 speed speed NN 32282 650 16 with with IN 32282 650 17 no no DT 32282 650 18 proportionate proportionate JJ 32282 650 19 increase increase NN 32282 650 20 in in IN 32282 650 21 the the DT 32282 650 22 number number NN 32282 650 23 or or CC 32282 650 24 size size NN 32282 650 25 of of IN 32282 650 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 650 27 parts part NNS 32282 650 28 , , , 32282 650 29 and and CC 32282 650 30 free free JJ 32282 650 31 from from IN 32282 650 32 any any DT 32282 650 33 possibility possibility NN 32282 650 34 of of IN 32282 650 35 car car NN 32282 650 36 or or CC 32282 650 37 weights weight NNS 32282 650 38 being be VBG 32282 650 39 drawn draw VBN 32282 650 40 into into IN 32282 650 41 the the DT 32282 650 42 machinery machinery NN 32282 650 43 . . . 32282 651 1 This this DT 32282 651 2 system system NN 32282 651 3 is be VBZ 32282 651 4 still still RB 32282 651 5 the the DT 32282 651 6 only only JJ 32282 651 7 one one CD 32282 651 8 used use VBN 32282 651 9 for for IN 32282 651 10 rises rise NNS 32282 651 11 of of IN 32282 651 12 over over IN 32282 651 13 100 100 CD 32282 651 14 feet foot NNS 32282 651 15 or or CC 32282 651 16 so so RB 32282 651 17 . . . 32282 652 1 By by IN 32282 652 2 the the DT 32282 652 3 time time NN 32282 652 4 of of IN 32282 652 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 652 6 introduction introduction NN 32282 652 7 , , , 32282 652 8 motor motor NN 32282 652 9 controls control NNS 32282 652 10 had have VBD 32282 652 11 been be VBN 32282 652 12 improved improve VBN 32282 652 13 to to IN 32282 652 14 the the DT 32282 652 15 point point NN 32282 652 16 of of IN 32282 652 17 complete complete JJ 32282 652 18 practicability practicability NN 32282 652 19 . . . 32282 653 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 653 2 9 9 CD 32282 653 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 653 4 Mechanical mechanical JJ 32282 653 5 transmission transmission NN 32282 653 6 of of IN 32282 653 7 power power NN 32282 653 8 by by IN 32282 653 9 wire wire NN 32282 653 10 rope rope NN 32282 653 11 was be VBD 32282 653 12 a a DT 32282 653 13 well well RB 32282 653 14 developed develop VBN 32282 653 15 practice practice NN 32282 653 16 at at IN 32282 653 17 this this DT 32282 653 18 time time NN 32282 653 19 , , , 32282 653 20 involving involve VBG 32282 653 21 in in IN 32282 653 22 many many JJ 32282 653 23 instances instance NNS 32282 653 24 high high JJ 32282 653 25 powers power NNS 32282 653 26 and and CC 32282 653 27 distances distance VBZ 32282 653 28 up up IN 32282 653 29 to to IN 32282 653 30 a a DT 32282 653 31 mile mile NN 32282 653 32 . . . 32282 654 1 To to TO 32282 654 2 attempt attempt VB 32282 654 3 this this DT 32282 654 4 system system NN 32282 654 5 in in IN 32282 654 6 the the DT 32282 654 7 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 654 8 Tower Tower NNP 32282 654 9 , , , 32282 654 10 crowded crowd VBD 32282 654 11 with with IN 32282 654 12 structural structural JJ 32282 654 13 work work NN 32282 654 14 , , , 32282 654 15 machinery machinery NN 32282 654 16 and and CC 32282 654 17 people people NNS 32282 654 18 , , , 32282 654 19 was be VBD 32282 654 20 another another DT 32282 654 21 matter matter NN 32282 654 22 . . . 32282 655 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 655 2 10 10 CD 32282 655 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 655 4 According accord VBG 32282 655 5 to to IN 32282 655 6 Otis Otis NNP 32282 655 7 Elevator Elevator NNP 32282 655 8 Company Company NNP 32282 655 9 , , , 32282 655 10 the the DT 32282 655 11 final final JJ 32282 655 12 price price NN 32282 655 13 , , , 32282 655 14 because because IN 32282 655 15 of of IN 32282 655 16 extras extra NNS 32282 655 17 , , , 32282 655 18 was be VBD 32282 655 19 $ $ $ 32282 655 20 30,000 30,000 CD 32282 655 21 . . . 32282 656 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 656 2 11 11 CD 32282 656 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 656 4 In in IN 32282 656 5 _ _ NNP 32282 656 6 Pall Pall NNP 32282 656 7 Mall Mall NNP 32282 656 8 Gazette Gazette NNP 32282 656 9 _ _ NNP 32282 656 10 , , , 32282 656 11 as as IN 32282 656 12 quoted quote VBN 32282 656 13 in in IN 32282 656 14 _ _ NNP 32282 656 15 The the DT 32282 656 16 Engineering Engineering NNP 32282 656 17 and and CC 32282 656 18 Building Building NNP 32282 656 19 Record Record NNP 32282 656 20 and and CC 32282 656 21 the the DT 32282 656 22 Sanitary Sanitary NNP 32282 656 23 Engineer Engineer NNP 32282 656 24 _ _ NNP 32282 656 25 , , , 32282 656 26 May May NNP 32282 656 27 25 25 CD 32282 656 28 , , , 32282 656 29 1889 1889 CD 32282 656 30 , , , 32282 656 31 vol vol NNP 32282 656 32 . . . 32282 657 1 19 19 CD 32282 657 2 , , , 32282 657 3 p. p. NN 32282 657 4 345 345 CD 32282 657 5 . . . 32282 658 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 658 2 12 12 CD 32282 658 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 658 4 From from IN 32282 658 5 speech speech NN 32282 658 6 at at IN 32282 658 7 annual annual JJ 32282 658 8 summer summer NN 32282 658 9 meeting meeting NN 32282 658 10 of of IN 32282 658 11 Institution Institution NNP 32282 658 12 of of IN 32282 658 13 Mechanical Mechanical NNP 32282 658 14 Engineers Engineers NNPS 32282 658 15 , , , 32282 658 16 Paris Paris NNP 32282 658 17 , , , 32282 658 18 1889 1889 CD 32282 658 19 . . . 32282 659 1 Quoted quote VBN 32282 659 2 in in IN 32282 659 3 _ _ NNP 32282 659 4 Engineering Engineering NNP 32282 659 5 _ _ NNP 32282 659 6 , , , 32282 659 7 July July NNP 32282 659 8 5 5 CD 32282 659 9 , , , 32282 659 10 1889 1889 CD 32282 659 11 , , , 32282 659 12 vol vol NNP 32282 659 13 . . . 32282 660 1 48 48 CD 32282 660 2 , , , 32282 660 3 p. p. NN 32282 660 4 18 18 CD 32282 660 5 . . . 32282 661 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 661 2 13 13 CD 32282 661 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 661 4 Located locate VBN 32282 661 5 near near IN 32282 661 6 the the DT 32282 661 7 Tower Tower NNP 32282 661 8 , , , 32282 661 9 built build VBN 32282 661 10 for for IN 32282 661 11 the the DT 32282 661 12 Paris Paris NNP 32282 661 13 fair fair NN 32282 661 14 of of IN 32282 661 15 1878 1878 CD 32282 661 16 . . . 32282 662 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 662 2 14 14 CD 32282 662 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 662 4 Improved improve VBN 32282 662 5 oil oil NN 32282 662 6 - - HYPH 32282 662 7 well well NN 32282 662 8 drilling drilling NN 32282 662 9 techniques technique NNS 32282 662 10 were be VBD 32282 662 11 influential influential JJ 32282 662 12 in in IN 32282 662 13 the the DT 32282 662 14 intense intense JJ 32282 662 15 but but CC 32282 662 16 short short JJ 32282 662 17 burst burst NN 32282 662 18 of of IN 32282 662 19 popularity popularity NN 32282 662 20 enjoyed enjoy VBN 32282 662 21 by by IN 32282 662 22 direct direct JJ 32282 662 23 plunger plunger NN 32282 662 24 systems system NNS 32282 662 25 in in IN 32282 662 26 the the DT 32282 662 27 United United NNP 32282 662 28 States States NNP 32282 662 29 between between IN 32282 662 30 1899 1899 CD 32282 662 31 and and CC 32282 662 32 1910 1910 CD 32282 662 33 . . . 32282 663 1 In in IN 32282 663 2 New New NNP 32282 663 3 York York NNP 32282 663 4 , , , 32282 663 5 many many JJ 32282 663 6 such such JJ 32282 663 7 systems system NNS 32282 663 8 of of IN 32282 663 9 200-foot 200-foot CD 32282 663 10 rise rise NN 32282 663 11 , , , 32282 663 12 and and CC 32282 663 13 one one CD 32282 663 14 of of IN 32282 663 15 380 380 CD 32282 663 16 feet foot NNS 32282 663 17 , , , 32282 663 18 were be VBD 32282 663 19 installed instal VBN 32282 663 20 . . . 32282 664 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 664 2 15 15 CD 32282 664 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 664 4 An an DT 32282 664 5 obvious obvious JJ 32282 664 6 question question NN 32282 664 7 arises arise VBZ 32282 664 8 here here RB 32282 664 9 : : : 32282 664 10 What what WP 32282 664 11 prevents prevent VBZ 32282 664 12 a a DT 32282 664 13 plunger plung JJR 32282 664 14 200 200 CD 32282 664 15 or or CC 32282 664 16 300 300 CD 32282 664 17 feet foot NNS 32282 664 18 long long JJ 32282 664 19 and and CC 32282 664 20 no no RB 32282 664 21 more more JJR 32282 664 22 than than IN 32282 664 23 16 16 CD 32282 664 24 inches inch NNS 32282 664 25 in in IN 32282 664 26 diameter diameter NN 32282 664 27 from from IN 32282 664 28 buckling buckle VBG 32282 664 29 under under IN 32282 664 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 32282 664 31 compressive compressive JJ 32282 664 32 loading loading NN 32282 664 33 ? ? . 32282 665 1 The the DT 32282 665 2 answer answer NN 32282 665 3 is be VBZ 32282 665 4 simply simply RB 32282 665 5 that that IN 32282 665 6 most most JJS 32282 665 7 of of IN 32282 665 8 this this DT 32282 665 9 length length NN 32282 665 10 is be VBZ 32282 665 11 not not RB 32282 665 12 in in IN 32282 665 13 compression compression NN 32282 665 14 but but CC 32282 665 15 in in IN 32282 665 16 tension tension NN 32282 665 17 . . . 32282 666 1 The the DT 32282 666 2 Edoux Edoux NNP 32282 666 3 rams ram VBZ 32282 666 4 , , , 32282 666 5 when when WRB 32282 666 6 fully fully RB 32282 666 7 extended extend VBN 32282 666 8 , , , 32282 666 9 virtually virtually RB 32282 666 10 hung hang VBN 32282 666 11 from from IN 32282 666 12 the the DT 32282 666 13 upper upper JJ 32282 666 14 car car NN 32282 666 15 , , , 32282 666 16 sustained sustain VBN 32282 666 17 by by IN 32282 666 18 the the DT 32282 666 19 weight weight NN 32282 666 20 of of IN 32282 666 21 500 500 CD 32282 666 22 feet foot NNS 32282 666 23 of of IN 32282 666 24 cable cable NN 32282 666 25 on on IN 32282 666 26 the the DT 32282 666 27 other other JJ 32282 666 28 side side NN 32282 666 29 of of IN 32282 666 30 the the DT 32282 666 31 sheaves sheaf NNS 32282 666 32 . . . 32282 667 1 As as IN 32282 667 2 the the DT 32282 667 3 upper upper JJ 32282 667 4 car car NN 32282 667 5 descended descend VBD 32282 667 6 this this DT 32282 667 7 effect effect NN 32282 667 8 diminished diminish VBN 32282 667 9 , , , 32282 667 10 but but CC 32282 667 11 as as IN 32282 667 12 the the DT 32282 667 13 rams ram NNS 32282 667 14 moved move VBD 32282 667 15 back back RB 32282 667 16 into into IN 32282 667 17 the the DT 32282 667 18 cylinders cylinder NNS 32282 667 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 32282 667 20 unsupported unsupported JJ 32282 667 21 length length NN 32282 667 22 was be VBD 32282 667 23 correspondingly correspondingly RB 32282 667 24 reduced reduce VBN 32282 667 25 . . . 32282 668 1 [ [ -LRB- 32282 668 2 16 16 CD 32282 668 3 ] ] -RRB- 32282 668 4 M. M. NNP 32282 668 5 A. a. NN 32282 668 6 Ansaloni Ansaloni NNP 32282 668 7 , , , 32282 668 8 " " `` 32282 668 9 The the DT 32282 668 10 Lifts Lifts NNP 32282 668 11 in in IN 32282 668 12 the the DT 32282 668 13 Eiffel Eiffel NNP 32282 668 14 Tower Tower NNP 32282 668 15 , , , 32282 668 16 " " '' 32282 668 17 quoted quote VBN 32282 668 18 in in IN 32282 668 19 _ _ NNP 32282 668 20 Engineering Engineering NNP 32282 668 21 _ _ NNP 32282 668 22 , , , 32282 668 23 July July NNP 32282 668 24 5 5 CD 32282 668 25 , , , 32282 668 26 1889 1889 CD 32282 668 27 , , , 32282 668 28 vol vol NNP 32282 668 29 . . . 32282 669 1 48 48 CD 32282 669 2 , , , 32282 669 3 p. p. NN 32282 669 4 23 23 CD 32282 669 5 . . . 32282 670 1 The the DT 32282 670 2 strength strength NN 32282 670 3 of of IN 32282 670 4 steel steel NN 32282 670 5 when when WRB 32282 670 6 drawn draw VBN 32282 670 7 into into IN 32282 670 8 wire wire NN 32282 670 9 is be VBZ 32282 670 10 increased increase VBN 32282 670 11 tremendously tremendously RB 32282 670 12 . . . 32282 671 1 Breaking breaking JJ 32282 671 2 stresses stress NNS 32282 671 3 of of IN 32282 671 4 140,000 140,000 CD 32282 671 5 p.s.i p.s.i NN 32282 671 6 . . . 32282 672 1 were be VBD 32282 672 2 not not RB 32282 672 3 particularly particularly RB 32282 672 4 high high JJ 32282 672 5 at at IN 32282 672 6 the the DT 32282 672 7 time time NN 32282 672 8 . . . 32282 673 1 Special special JJ 32282 673 2 cables cable NNS 32282 673 3 with with IN 32282 673 4 breaking break VBG 32282 673 5 stresses stress NNS 32282 673 6 of of IN 32282 673 7 up up IN 32282 673 8 to to TO 32282 673 9 370,000 370,000 CD 32282 673 10 p.s.i p.s.i NN 32282 673 11 . . . 32282 674 1 were be VBD 32282 674 2 available available JJ 32282 674 3 . . . 32282 675 1 Transcriber Transcriber NNP 32282 675 2 's 's POS 32282 675 3 Notes note NNS 32282 675 4 : : : 32282 675 5 Passages passage NNS 32282 675 6 in in IN 32282 675 7 italics italic NNS 32282 675 8 are be VBP 32282 675 9 indicated indicate VBN 32282 675 10 by by IN 32282 675 11 _ _ NNP 32282 675 12 underscore underscore NNP 32282 675 13 _ _ NNP 32282 675 14 . . . 32282 676 1 The the DT 32282 676 2 original original NN 32282 676 3 was be VBD 32282 676 4 printed print VBN 32282 676 5 in in IN 32282 676 6 two two CD 32282 676 7 columns column NNS 32282 676 8 per per IN 32282 676 9 page page NN 32282 676 10 . . . 32282 677 1 Illustrations illustration NNS 32282 677 2 have have VBP 32282 677 3 been be VBN 32282 677 4 moved move VBN 32282 677 5 to to IN 32282 677 6 the the DT 32282 677 7 nearest near JJS 32282 677 8 paragraph paragraph NN 32282 677 9 break break NN 32282 677 10 . . . 32282 678 1 The the DT 32282 678 2 following follow VBG 32282 678 3 misprints misprint NNS 32282 678 4 have have VBP 32282 678 5 been be VBN 32282 678 6 corrected correct VBN 32282 678 7 : : : 32282 678 8 " " `` 32282 678 9 Trevethick Trevethick NNP 32282 678 10 's 's POS 32282 678 11 " " '' 32282 678 12 corrected correct VBN 32282 678 13 to to IN 32282 678 14 " " `` 32282 678 15 Trevithick Trevithick NNP 32282 678 16 's 's POS 32282 678 17 " " '' 32282 678 18 ( ( -LRB- 32282 678 19 page page NN 32282 678 20 5 5 CD 32282 678 21 ) ) -RRB- 32282 678 22 " " '' 32282 678 23 then then RB 32282 678 24 " " '' 32282 678 25 corrected correct VBN 32282 678 26 to to IN 32282 678 27 " " '' 32282 678 28 than than IN 32282 678 29 " " '' 32282 678 30 ( ( -LRB- 32282 678 31 page page NN 32282 678 32 14 14 CD 32282 678 33 ) ) -RRB- 32282 678 34 " " `` 32282 678 35 smiliar smiliar JJ 32282 678 36 " " '' 32282 678 37 corrected correct VBN 32282 678 38 to to IN 32282 678 39 " " `` 32282 678 40 similar similar JJ 32282 678 41 " " '' 32282 678 42 ( ( -LRB- 32282 678 43 page page NN 32282 678 44 31 31 CD 32282 678 45 ) ) -RRB-