id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
work_fldj2cgtj5b67mjr5pyxrzkc6a	Carol E. Cleland	Methodological and Epistemic Differences between Historical Science and Experimental Science*	2002	23	.pdf	application/pdf	10760	666	49	this paper explores differences in practice between historical and experimental research shall see, scientists engage in two very different patterns of evidential reasoning, and one of these patterns predominates in historical research and When one considers the vast number of additional conditions (known and unknown) that might affect the outcome of an experiment independently of the truth of the hypothesis, all three of these activities make good sense. As an example, in a discussion of the asteroid impact hypothesis for the extinction of the dinosaurs, James Powell refers to the "tiresome metaphor of 'smoking gun'" (1998, 115). a "crucial" test of a hypothesis is no more possible in historical science Miller-Urey experiments (Miller 1953), which were touted as an experimental test of the hypothesis that life on Earth originated in a "primordial In the face of a failed experimental test of a target hypothesis, experimentalists entertain different possibilities for denying auxiliary assumptions, and their reasoning resembles	./cache/work_fldj2cgtj5b67mjr5pyxrzkc6a.pdf	./txt/work_fldj2cgtj5b67mjr5pyxrzkc6a.txt