Salmoneus - Wikipedia Salmoneus From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search For the shrimp genus, see Salmoneus (genus). Greek underworld Salmonueus Residents Aeacus Angelos Arae Ascalaphus Cerberus Ceuthonymus Charon Erinyes Eurynomos Hades/Pluto Hecate Hypnos Macaria Melinoë Menoetius Minos Moirai Mormolykeia Persephone Rhadamanthus Thanatos Geography Acheron Asphodel Fields Cocytus Elysium Erebus Lethe Phlegethon Styx Tartarus Famous Tartarus inmates Danaïdes Ixion Salmoneus Sisyphus Tantalus Titans Tityus Visitors Aeneas Dionysus Heracles Hermes Odysseus Orpheus Pirithous Psyche Theseus v t e In Greek mythology, Salmoneus (/səlˈmoʊniəs/; Ancient Greek: Σαλμωνεύς) was a king of Elis and founded the city of Salmone in Pisatis.[1] Contents 1 Family 2 Mythology 3 Inspiration 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References Family[edit] Salmoneus was a son of Aeolus and Enarete or Iphis, daughter of Peneus[2] or Laodice[3] and brother of Athamas, Sisyphus, Cretheus, Perieres, Deioneus, Canace, Alcyone, and Perimede.[4] Salmoneus was the father of Tyro by his first wife Alcidice and his second wife was Sidero.[5] Mythology[edit] Emigrating from Aeolis with a number of Aeolians, Salmoneus founded a city in Eleia (Elis) on the banks of the river Alpheius and called it Salmonia after his own name. He then married Alcidice, the daughter of Aleus but when she died, the king took for a second wife Sidero who treated his beautiful daughter Tyro unkindly.[6] Salmoneus and his brother Sisyphus hated each other. Sisyphus found out from an oracle that if he married Tyro, she would bear him children who would kill Salmoneus. At first, Tyro submitted to Sisyphus, married him, and bore him a son. When Tyro found out what the child would do to Salmoneus, she killed the boy. It was soon after this that Tyro lay with Poseidon and bore him Pelias and Neleus. Salmoneus, being an overbearing man and impious, came to be hated by his subjects for he ordered them to worship him under the name of Zeus.[7] He built a bridge of brass, over which he drove at full speed in his chariot to imitate thunder, the effect being heightened by dried skins and cauldrons trailing behind while torches were thrown into the air to represent lightning. For this sin of hubris, Zeus eventually struck him down with his thunderbolt and destroyed the town.[8][9][10][11][12][13] And he [i.e. Salmoneus] acted profanely, by casting torches (in the air) as if they were lightnings, And dragging dried hides with kettles at his chariot, Pretending to make thunder, so he was thunderstruck by Zeus.[7] Virgil's Aeneid has Salmoneus placed in Tartarus after Zeus smites him where he is subjected to eternal torment.[14] Inspiration[edit] According to Frazer, the early Greek kings, who were expected to produce rain for the benefit of the crops, were in the habit of imitating thunder and lightning in the character of Zeus.[15][16] At Crannon in Thessaly, there was a bronze chariot which in time of drought was shaken and prayers offered for rain.[17] S. Reinach[18] suggests that the story that Salmoneus was struck by lightning was due to the misinterpretation of a picture, in which a Thessalian magician appeared bringing down lightning and rain from heaven. Hence arose the idea that he was the victim of the anger or jealousy of Zeus and that the picture represented his punishment.[13] See also[edit] List of Hercules (1998 TV series) episodes, season 1, episode 2 Notes[edit] ^ Strabo, Geography, 8. 3. 32 ^ Hellanicus in scholia on Plato, Symposium, 208 (p. 376) ^ Scholia on Homer. Odyssey, 11.235 ^ Pseudo-Apollodorus. Bibliotheca, 1.7.3 ^ Pseudo-Apollodorus. Bibliotheca, 1.9.8 ^ Diodorus Siculus. The Library, 4.68.1-2. ^ a b Tzetzes, Chiliades Book 7.9 ^ Pseudo-Apollodorus. Bibliotheca, 1.9.7 ^ Hyginus, Fabulae 60, 61 ^ Strabo viii. p. 356 ^ Manilius, Astronom. 5, 91 ^ Virgil, Aeneid vi. 585, with Heyne's excursus ^ a b  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Salmoneus". Encyclopædia Britannica. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 85. ^ Virgil Aeneid 6.585-594 ^ Frazer Early History of the Kingship, 1905 ^ see also Golden Bough, i., 1900, p. 82 ^ Antigonus of Carystus, Historiae mirabiles, 15 ^ S. Reinach Revue archéologique, 1903, i. 154 References[edit] Diodorus Siculus, The Library of History translated by Charles Henry Oldfather. Twelve volumes. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989. Vol. 3. Books 4.59–8. Online version at Bill Thayer's Web Site Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica. Vol 1-2. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1888–1890. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library. Hyginus, Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. Online version at the Topos Text Project. John Tzetzes, Book of Histories, Book VII-VIII translated by Vasiliki Dogani from the original Greek of T. Kiessling's edition of 1826. Online version at theio.com Pseudo-Apollodorus, The Library with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website. Strabo, The Geography of Strabo. Edition by H.L. Jones. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Strabo, Geographica edited by A. Meineke. Leipzig: Teubner. 1877. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library. Publius Vergilius Maro, Aeneid. Theodore C. Williams. trans. Boston. Houghton Mifflin Co. 1910. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Publius Vergilius Maro, Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics. J. B. Greenough. Boston. Ginn & Co. 1900. Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library. Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salmoneus&oldid=965621462" Categories: Characters in Book VI of the Aeneid Kings of Elis Greco-Roman mythology in popular culture Aeolides Condemned souls into Tartarus Hidden categories: Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version In other projects Wikimedia Commons Languages العربية Български Català Čeština Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά Español Esperanto Français Italiano Lietuvių Nederlands 日本語 Polski Português Русский Slovenčina Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Українська 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 2 July 2020, at 12:08 (UTC). 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