Distant Reader - subject-authority-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 14 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 734,594 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 52,471 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 91. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

god, church, one, christ, may, will, law, man, men, spirit, also, faith, yet, scripture, things, therefore, us, shall, first, many, power, now, without, authority, right, either, reason, made, must, much, good, true, doctrine, holy, say, make, nature, doth, great, rule, people, word, fathers, fayth, lord, others, every, thing, truth, time

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are The triall of the protestant priuate spirit VVherein their doctrine, making the sayd spirit the sole ground & meanes of their beliefe, is confuted. By authority of Holy Scripture. Testimonies of auncient fathers. Euidence of reason, drawne from the grounds of faith. Absurdity of consequences following vpon it, against all faith, religion, and reason. The second part, which is doctrinall. Written by I.S. of the Society of Iesus., The law of God ratified by the gospel of Christ, or, The harmony of the doctrine of faith with the law of righteousness wherein many of the types and rites of the ceremonial law are unfolded, and the moral law adjusted a rule of holy living to all, though justified by faith / as it was delivered in several sermons preacht to the parochial congregation of Mayfield in Sussex by Mr. Mainard late rector thereof, publisht since his death., and Philosophicall rudiments concerning government and society. Or, A dissertation concerning man in his severall habitudes and respects, as the member of a society, first secular, and then sacred. Containing the elements of civill politie in the agreement which it hath both with naturall and divine lawes. In which is demonstrated, both what the origine of justice is, and wherein the essence of Christian religion doth consist. Together with the nature, limits, and qualifications both of regiment and subjection. / By Tho: Hobbes..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

priuate spirit, holy ghost, every man, highest power, euery one, every one, let us, holy scripture, jesus christ, holy scriptures, like manner, new testament, old testament, supreme power, highest powers, greatest part, light within, divine law, christian religion, early english, english books, must needs, supreme authority, take away, nothing else, man may, papal church, yet notwithstanding, lord christ, books online, good workes, holy spirit, one thing, lord jesus, true sense, general rule, make use, sacred things, true church, one man, another place, ancient church, christian faith, haue beene, saviour christ, many things, one another, iesus christ, right reason, ancient fathers

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are The triall of the protestant priuate spirit VVherein their doctrine, making the sayd spirit the sole ground & meanes of their beliefe, is confuted. By authority of Holy Scripture. Testimonies of auncient fathers. Euidence of reason, drawne from the grounds of faith. Absurdity of consequences following vpon it, against all faith, religion, and reason. The second part, which is doctrinall. Written by I.S. of the Society of Iesus. For all in authority upon the earth, and in special, those now in England, to read and ponder [by] T. Taylor., and Philosophicall rudiments concerning government and society. Or, A dissertation concerning man in his severall habitudes and respects, as the member of a society, first secular, and then sacred. Containing the elements of civill politie in the agreement which it hath both with naturall and divine lawes. In which is demonstrated, both what the origine of justice is, and wherein the essence of Christian religion doth consist. Together with the nature, limits, and qualifications both of regiment and subjection. / By Tho: Hobbes..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

god, church, religion, tcp, lord, faith, christian, christ, scripture, man, fathers, doctrine, scriptures, people, law, king, holy, bishops, authority, apostles, world, word, truth, supreme, spirit, son, sect, reason, protestants, prophets, priest, pope, men, laws, iudge, government, father, covenant, councell, city, books, augustine, writings, w.p., vnderstanding, trinity, tradition, testimonies, testament, temple

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be god, and Piety''s address to the magistrate delivered in a sermon at the assizes held in Winchester, July 11th, 1695 / by E. Young ... is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

man, men, things, scripture, spirit, reason, faith, people, others, power, thing, time, fathers, part, way, nature, words, word, truth, doctrine, place, hath, manner, authority, sense, life, right, religion, doth, p., world, sin, body, nothing, one, opinion, light, sinne, scriptures, end, will, day, person, rule, persons, ad, grace, cause, death, use

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, are, have, was, were, had, do, being, been, made, did, say, make, according, said, hath, take, done, given, let, know, come, see, written, called, having, give, concerning, taken, follow, found, touching, delivered, read, believe, speak, find, set, received, haue, seeing, put, belieue, makes, prove, receive, doth, think, judge

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

god, christ, church, law, 〉, ◊, 〈, hath, c., s., lord, faith, spirit, de, holy, authority, rule, lawes, pag, ●, power, doe, king, doctrine, father, apostles, christian, paul, city, rome, christians, divine, thou, lib, haue, nature, fayth, supreme, l., gods, bishops, protestants, st., men, gospel, writings, est, bishop, council, testament

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, they, he, his, their, them, we, i, him, our, us, you, themselves, himself, my, your, me, its, her, thy, she, theirs, thee, one, ours, ye, yours, mine, itself, whosoever, whereof, non, yee, us''d, eateth, ●, †, whence, vp, vnto, severall, iu, ib, hee, ''s, yhey, vvith, vvhat, treateth, ourselves

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, same, many, such, true, great, good, own, first, necessary, more, much, whole, common, holy, false, new, priuate, certain, like, saith, particular, present, former, most, little, second, least, able, contrary, sufficient, greater, old, right, perfect, infallible, greatest, full, free, very, fayth, proper, impossible, general, last, highest, private, subject, evident, doth

not, so, then, also, therefore, only, now, yet, very, more, as, most, thus, first, here, much, well, up, even, all, onely, that, is, out, rather, indeed, never, sometimes, at, there, together, again, ever, away, too, far, else, down, before, whatsoever, otherwise, forth, namely, in, often, certainly, secondly, likewise, hence, just

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

Thank you for using the Distant Reader.