Summary of your 'study carrel' ============================== This is a summary of your Distant Reader 'study carrel'. The Distant Reader harvested & cached your content into a collection/corpus. It then applied sets of natural language processing and text mining against the collection. The results of this process was reduced to a database file -- a 'study carrel'. The study carrel can then be queried, thus bringing light specific characteristics for your collection. These characteristics can help you summarize the collection as well as enumerate things you might want to investigate more closely. This report is a terse narrative report, and when processing is complete you will be linked to a more complete narrative report. Eric Lease Morgan Number of items in the collection; 'How big is my corpus?' ---------------------------------------------------------- 9 Average length of all items measured in words; "More or less, how big is each item?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10383 Average readability score of all items (0 = difficult; 100 = easy) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 62 Top 50 statistically significant keywords; "What is my collection about?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 form 6 cell 5 illustration 5 animal 4 plant 4 great 4 Professor 4 Darwin 3 nature 3 life 3 body 3 Weismann 3 Mr. 3 Dr. 3 Biology 2 work 2 variation 2 time 2 structure 2 present 2 organism 2 live 2 history 2 force 2 fig 2 fact 2 Sir 2 Natural 2 Life 2 Evolution 1 water 1 vein 1 unit 1 tree 1 theory 1 sense 1 selection 1 section 1 result 1 protoplasm 1 produce 1 process 1 organic 1 nerve 1 natural 1 mental 1 matter 1 man 1 machine 1 line Top 50 lemmatized nouns; "What is discussed?" --------------------------------------------- 2781 animal 2749 cell 2032 part 1739 plant 1729 life 1712 form 1605 body 1469 organism 1366 time 1347 case 1277 fact 1273 food 1269 change 1179 structure 1052 process 1041 man 993 organ 990 water 947 condition 918 action 887 matter 882 development 876 work 861 variation 852 way 804 nature 797 place 775 force 774 illustration 770 blood 761 kind 746 substance 741 activity 738 specie 729 evolution 696 individual 657 result 655 year 653 power 647 number 646 egg 626 question 623 character 618 tissue 612 one 582 evidence 579 selection 578 sense 566 fish 564 group Top 50 proper nouns; "What are the names of persons or places?" -------------------------------------------------------------- 11394 _ 741 . 638 Mr. 442 Darwin 412 Professor 382 | 284 Weismann 276 Fig 237 Company 215 Dr. 205 vol 159 Lamarck 155 American 151 Biology 150 Cuvier 141 Evolution 133 New 128 Life 127 Harvey 122 Nature 122 Natural 119 University 114 Romanes 113 Sir 113 Malpighi 109 Book 107 Wallace 100 Von 100 Figure 97 © 97 Prof. 93 Linnæus 92 A 90 Charles 89 Society 87 Animals 86 Huxley 85 germ 84 b 83 Schwann 83 Principles 83 M. 83 Baer 81 John 81 CHAPTER 80 Europe 79 De 78 United 78 Laboratory 77 e Top 50 personal pronouns nouns; "To whom are things referred?" ------------------------------------------------------------- 8596 it 4967 we 2900 they 2643 he 2387 i 1669 them 980 us 443 him 426 me 412 itself 358 you 309 themselves 203 himself 128 she 109 one 78 ourselves 63 myself 41 her 17 ours 17 herself 11 mine 3 theirs 3 his 2 |245| 1 à 1 |246| 1 |233| 1 yourself 1 wolff 1 ventilation.--during 1 system.--the 1 s 1 planting.--_by 1 plant.--we 1 oneself 1 nature.--although 1 medicine.--his 1 heredity.--perhaps 1 em 1 bruises.--blood 1 alcohol.--when Top 50 lemmatized verbs; "What do things do?" --------------------------------------------- 37689 be 9336 have 2120 do 1603 make 1587 see 1437 show 1429 give 1403 find 1397 take 1167 say 1122 become 1086 produce 996 form 943 call 894 live 883 know 787 come 702 contain 655 pass 628 seem 601 exist 587 use 584 go 573 appear 572 develop 562 follow 549 bring 520 arise 489 grow 453 suppose 439 cause 437 occur 431 remain 431 carry 428 think 428 regard 425 consider 412 lead 409 increase 376 leave 360 reach 353 result 351 bear 347 begin 326 let 320 believe 319 change 318 possess 315 work 311 hold Top 50 lemmatized adjectives and adverbs; "How are things described?" --------------------------------------------------------------------- 4942 not 2608 other 2447 more 1873 so 1741 great 1502 such 1367 only 1241 same 1235 now 1183 first 1164 very 1154 thus 1096 certain 1077 many 1035 then 1010 most 976 up 972 well 956 different 892 also 888 large 873 much 868 small 824 out 806 less 799 high 766 new 757 general 756 as 739 long 732 natural 721 organic 707 however 695 here 672 even 647 little 636 still 634 far 585 simple 519 low 518 present 492 special 489 therefore 455 further 452 good 445 early 434 various 424 on 422 again 414 - Top 50 lemmatized superlative adjectives; "How are things described to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 246 most 171 good 160 great 149 least 139 high 120 simple 116 low 85 early 49 fit 48 Most 43 small 35 manif 34 large 29 slight 23 old 21 wide 17 near 15 strong 13 late 13 fine 12 long 11 broad 10 common 7 full 7 clear 7 bad 6 close 5 minute 5 deep 4 weak 4 pure 4 keen 4 grave 4 brief 3 true 3 safe 3 rough 3 heavy 3 hard 3 foremost 3 eld 3 easy 2 young 2 wild 2 vague 2 thick 2 strange 2 poor 2 new 2 mere Top 50 lemmatized superlative adverbs; "How do things do to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 764 most 52 well 37 least 3 ¦ 1 oldest 1 lowest 1 hindermost 1 goethe 1 early Top 50 Internet domains; "What Webbed places are alluded to in this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 www.gutenberg.net Top 50 URLs; "What is hyperlinked from this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------- 1 http://www.gutenberg.net/dirs/2/1/7/8/21781/21781-h/21781-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.net/dirs/2/1/7/8/21781/21781-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.net/dirs/1/6/1/3/16136/16136-h/16136-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.net/dirs/1/6/1/3/16136/16136-h.zip Top 50 email addresses; "Who are you gonna call?" ------------------------------------------------- Top 50 positive assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-noun?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 changes going on 9 processes going on 8 _ are _ 8 _ is _ 6 _ is not 6 actions going on 6 changes take place 6 plants make food 5 _ does _ 5 _ form _ 5 cells are not 4 _ do _ 4 bodies called _ 4 changes taking place 4 organism is not 4 organisms made up 4 structure is more 4 variations are not 3 _ do not 3 _ does gamogenesis 3 _ does not 3 _ has _ 3 _ take place 3 animals are able 3 animals are capable 3 animals are not 3 animals are sensitive 3 animals do not 3 animals grow old 3 case is different 3 cells are usually 3 cells do not 3 conditions are similar 3 development produces identical 3 facts are not 3 facts do not 3 food is not 3 forces are sufficient 3 forms do not 3 life is not 3 matter is not 3 organ is greater 3 organisms are mainly 3 organisms were severally 3 organs are not 3 plants are thus 3 plants give off 3 structure is not 3 variations taking place 2 _ are extreme Top 50 negative assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-no|not-noun?" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 organisms are not universally 2 structure is not so 1 _ are not so 1 _ has no place 1 action is not always 1 actions are not direct 1 actions are not merely 1 actions do not continuously 1 actions is not life 1 animal has no carbo 1 animal is no exception 1 animals are not even 1 animals are not only 1 animals is not altogether 1 animals is not independent 1 animals show no distinct 1 animals show no sensible 1 animals were no longer 1 bodies are not inert 1 bodies are not mere 1 case is not quite 1 cases is not inconsiderable 1 cell is no more 1 cell is not easily 1 cell is not merely 1 cells are no longer 1 cells are not fundamentally 1 cells are not present 1 cells are not so 1 cells do not appreciably 1 cells have no cell 1 cells produce no change 1 cells show no differentiation 1 cells were not continuous 1 change is not relatively 1 change is not rigorously 1 change taking no part 1 changes have no apparent 1 changes is not yet 1 conditions are no longer 1 conditions has no immediate 1 development is not necessarily 1 facts are not likely 1 facts are not numerous 1 facts are not true 1 facts do not even 1 food is not also 1 food is not well 1 force has no longer 1 force is no longer A rudimentary bibliography -------------------------- id = 16487 author = Conn, H. W. (Herbert William) title = The Story of the Living Machine A Review of the Conclusions of Modern Biology in Regard to the Mechanism Which Controls the Phenomena of Living Activity date = keywords = FIG; Story; cell; chemical; energy; force; form; illustration; life; live; machine; protoplasm summary = of Nature''s power of building machines--The origin of the cell ==The Mechanical Nature of Living Organisms.==--This new attitude forced the powers of the living organism and the forces of heat and chemical forces, explain the activities taking place in the living organism? the body of the animal is formed out of these cells, and when it is or plant which produced it, begins to divide, as already shown in Fig. 8, and the many cells which arise from it eventually form the new The cell is simply a bit of protoplasm and is the unit of living matter. that the simplest living machine is the cell whose study must always The living machine has developed by natural processes, all animal and plant machines have been built up from the simple cell as the building during which this cell machine was built by certain natural machine upon whose activities all vital phenomena rest--the living cell. id = 39969 author = Hunter, George W. (George William) title = A Civic Biology, Presented in Problems date = keywords = Agriculture; American; Biology; Book; Botany; Civic; Company; Darwin; Department; Health; Hunter; Laboratory; Life; Macmillan; New; ORDER; Physiology; Problems; States; United; York; animal; blood; body; cell; food; form; illustration; insect; live; man; plant; tree; water; work summary = Plants furnish man with the greater part of his food in the form conditions in their surroundings in order to live: water, air, food, a All Animals depend on Green Plants.--But insects in their turn are the food _(d) How a plant or animal is able to use its food supply._ _(e) How a plant or animal prepares food to use in various parts all our work with plants and animals that the problem of food supply is the bodies of all animals, including man, starchy foods are changed in a called pitcher plants, use as food the decayed bodies of insects which fall in soil, from the bodies of dead plants and animals, or even from foods and other parts of growing plants useful to man as food. A living plant or animal takes organic food, water, and oxygen Needs of plants and animals: (1) food, (2) water, (3) id = 10060 author = Huxley, Thomas Henry title = Discourses: Biological & Geological Essays date = keywords = America; Atlantic; Challenger; Dr.; Eocene; Europe; Fauna; Foraminifera; Globigerinoe; Heteromita; Hutton; Mediterranean; Mesozoic; Miocene; Mr.; North; Professor; Redi; Sea; Sir; Society; South; Thomson; animal; fact; footnote; form; great; nature; plant; present; time summary = And in respect of certain groups of animals, the wellestablished facts of paleontology leave no rational doubt that they arose existence of living _Globigerinoe_ at great depths, which are based upon shells of animals which live in different zones of depth will prove that true cretaceous forms may be discovered in the deep sea, the modern types highly-organized animals do continue to live at a depth of 300 and 400 calcareous element of the deep-sea "chalk" owes its existence, the fact organic formation like chalk; that, as a matter of fact, an area on the time or other, formed part of the organized framework of living living things, whence the two great series of plants and animals have forming in the midst of a sea which swarms with living beings, the great [Footnote 1: There is every reason to believe that living plants, like diameter, when magnified 400 times; but forms of living matter abound, id = 16136 author = Huxley, Thomas Henry title = American Addresses, with a Lecture on the Study of Biology date = keywords = Biology; Milton; animal; bird; evidence; form; great; history; hypothesis; natural; nature; present; time summary = into existence at no great distance of time from the present; and that existing animals and plants are taken by other forms, as numerous and indications of the existence of terrestrial animals, other than birds, period as four thousand years, no form of the hypothesis of evolution animals which are so closely allied to existing forms that, at one time, remains, and present the appearance of beds of rock formed under of organic remains in a deposit, that animals or plants did not exist at tertiary rocks; but, so far as our present knowledge goes, the birds of The horse is in many ways a remarkable animal; not least so in the fact we find animals which are extremely like horses--which, in fact, are so so far as our present knowledge extends, the history of the horse-type five great modifications of the animal form; and the like is true in id = 58867 author = Locy, William A. (William Albert) title = Biology and Its Makers With Portraits and Other Illustrations date = keywords = Aristotle; Baer; Cuvier; Darwin; Evolution; Galen; Harvey; Huxley; Lamarck; Leeuwenhoek; Linnæus; Malpighi; Müller; Paris; Pasteur; Schwann; Swammerdam; University; Vesalius; Von; Weismann; Wolff; animal; cell; chapter; fig; great; history; illustration; life; theory; work summary = Natural history had a parallel development with comparative anatomy, animals and plants, greatly advanced the subject of natural history. Von Baer, by his studies of the development of animal life, supplied Besides working on the structure and life-histories of animals, by his great work on the development of animals in 1828, before the organization of animal and plant life, he did much to extend the number of studies upon the structure of organisms, both plant and animal, cell-theory into better form, and in 1858 published a work on _Cellular life in animals and vegetables, a work that had general influence life had a great influence in the development of higher animal forms. different kinds of animals and plants, in working out their anatomy and The theory of organic evolution relates to the history of animal and plant life, while Darwin''s theory of natural selection is only one of id = 49818 author = Morgan, C. Lloyd (Conwy Lloyd) title = Animal Life and Intelligence date = keywords = Animals; Darwin; Domestication; Dr.; Evolution; John; Mr.; Natural; Nature; Professor; Romanes; Sir; Wallace; Weismann; activity; body; case; cell; colour; elimination; fig; form; illustration; life; mental; organism; plant; process; selection; sense; variation summary = the matter, that a general work on Animal Life and Intelligence, if organisms are formed either of single cells or of a number of related animals the cells in different parts of the body take on different forms individual is produced from some group of cells in the parent organism. In higher forms of life the organs which are set apart for the the organic world called forth by the action of natural elimination. the higher forms of animal life, the organisms are either female representative cell-germs, should develop into an organism resembling the chapter on "Organic Evolution," the varied forms of animal life are difference is that one school says the organ is developed in the species variations in the end-organs of the special senses, fitting them to be And this naturally suggests the question whether those sense-organs in process of organic elimination through natural selection. id = 54612 author = Spencer, Herbert title = The Principles of Biology, Volume 1 (of 2) date = keywords = Biology; CHAPTER; Darwin; Dr.; Earth; Life; Mr.; Natural; Principles; Prof.; Professor; Protozoa; Weismann; action; animal; argument; cause; cell; certain; change; development; evolution; fact; force; form; function; great; individual; kind; matter; organic; organism; plant; produce; result; structure; unit; variation summary = produce changes of molecular arrangement in organic matter. A certain general trait of animal organization may fitly be named distinguishes the changes taking place in an organism during life from The facts of structure shown in an individual organism, are of two The structural changes which any series of individual organisms exhibits, which the force generated in organisms by chemical change, is transformed structures in individual organisms, come the facts showing that functions, and presently unite to form certain parts of the growing structures. together, form the different organs: we have to observe the general and certain general truths displayed by animal organization at large. germ-cells, in some cases arising in different organs set apart for their causes by which organic forms are changed. occurrence in other organic forms, of changes great enough to produce what different parts are exposed, every individual organic aggregate, like all id = 21781 author = Wells, H. G. (Herbert George) title = Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata date = keywords = Amphioxus; Diagram; Dog; Edition; Frog; Rabbit; Second; Sheet; body; bone; cell; compare; figure; fish; form; illustration; line; nerve; section; structure; vein summary = organic mechanism, our sections upon the frog and dog-fish, and the alimentary canal or by certain organs called glands, which open be seen by gently scraping the roof of a frog''s mouth (the cells figured Figure 2 gives a dorsal view of the rabbit''s brain; a (Rabbit, Section 2) of the frog; the tail is absent-in a fish it would do Describe, with figures, the brain of a frog, and compare it with that body-wall muscle, and connected with a line of sense organs similar If the student will compare Figure 10 of the frog, and, like the corresponding arch in the frog, forms the carotid artery; frog, as compared with the rabbit and dog-fish, notably in the skull frog, amphioxus, rabbit, and dog-fish. 1. Compare the brain of the frog with that of the rabbit. 2. Compare the vertebrae of dog-fish, rabbit, and frog. id = 18911 author = Wilson, Edmund B. (Edmund Beecher) title = Biology A lecture delivered at Columbia University in the series on Science, Philosophy and Art November 20, 1907 date = keywords = COLUMBIA; Professor; UNIVERSITY; nature summary = not, in fact, denote any particular science but is a generic term general are the phenomena of life related to those of the non-living In its bearing on man''s place in nature this question is one of the merely mechanical principles of nature, much less can we explain them; biologist of to-day views the matter differently; and I shall give his nature and origin of organic adaptations. life is "response to the order of nature." This seems a long way from Without attempting adequately to illustrate the nature of organic found in certain cases, including animals as highly organized as Such combinations appear in definite series, the nature of which may fundamental problem is, how far the process may be mechanically this problem relates to the origin of organic adaptations, the But Darwin himself did not consider natural selection as an adequate mutations, any adequate general theory of evolution must explain the