A treatise of the perpetuall visibilitie, and succession of the true church in all ages Abbot, George, 1562-1633. 1624 Approx. 137 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 64 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2005-10 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A17020 STC 39.3 ESTC S100501 24165166 ocm 24165166 27282 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A17020) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 27282) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 1845:2) A treatise of the perpetuall visibilitie, and succession of the true church in all ages Abbot, George, 1562-1633. [8], 116 p. Printed by Humfrey Louunes, for Robert Milbourne, At London : 1624. Attributed to Abbot, Abp. of Canterbury, by STC (2nd ed.) and NUC pre-1956 imprints. Signatures: A-P⁴ Q². Marginal notes. Error in paging: p. 87 misnumbered 88. Reproduction of original in the Cambridge University Library. Includes bibliographical references. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. 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Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements). Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Catholic Church -- Controversial literature. Church -- History of doctrines. Protestantism -- Apologetic works. 2003-03 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2003-04 Aptara Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2005-02 Rachel Losh Sampled and proofread 2005-02 Rachel Losh Text and markup reviewed and edited 2005-04 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion A TREATISE OF THE Perpetuall Visibilitie , AND Succession of the True CHVRCH . in all AGES . AT LONDON , Printed by HVM●REY LOVVNES ; for ROBERT MILBOVRNE . 1624. TO THE READER . KIng Salomon , the Mirror of wisdome , who digged deepest into the richest Mines of diuine and humane knowledge , exhorts others to search after that which himself had found in such abundance : and he sets an edge vpon our desires , by promising , If thou seekest after her as for siluer , and searchest for her as for hid treasure , then shalt thou finde the knowledge of God , &c. Of so pretious a Talent when wee haue found any parcell , wee ought not to hide it in a napkin , much lesse to bury it in the bowels of the earth , by concealment or suppression : for , Veritatem celare , est aurum sepelire ; To conceale the Truth , is to burie gold , and therby to depriue not only others , but our selues also , of the benefit and vse thereof . Wherefore Saint Austen sharply censureth such as would challenge a peculiar interest and propriety in this , which is the true common treasure of Gods Church , saying , Veritas nec mea , nec tua , nec illius est , sed omnium nostrum , quos ad eius communionem publicè vocas ; admonens nos , vt nolimus eam habere priuatam , ne priuemur ea : The truth is neither mine , nor thine , nor his , but all ours in common , whom thou ( O Lord ) callest publikely to the communion thereof ; dreadfully admonishing vs , not to desire to haue it priuate , lest we be depriued of it . Now , of all truth this day in controuersie , there is none more sought after by some , than the visibility of the true Church , which retained the purity of the Apostles doctrine , vnmixed with dregs of errour and superstition , especially in the gloomy and dark Ages before Luther . As for higher times , and neerer the Apostles , such was the clarity and splendour of the pure Church , that in a manner it obscured the Sun. But , in succeeding and degenerating times , after the number of the name of the Beast , 666 , it began much to be obscured and clouded with ignorance and superstition : and in the thousandth yeer , in which , Satan was let loose , and much more after , euen till the happy reformation in these later Ages , it was so eclipsed , especially in the Western Parts of the world , that some confidently affirm , it was quite extinct . The Woman , clothed with the Sun , hauing the Moon vnder her feet , was now fled into the Wildernesse , and had but a fewe Stars to discouer her . By the conduct and lustre wherof , yet many Wise-men follow'd her obscure track , and found her . Among whom , the most reuerend , religious , learned , and painfull Authour of this enfuing Treatise , concerning The Visibility and Succession of the true Church , deserueth to bee named in the first rank ; who hath more particularly and perspicuously trauelled in this Argument , than any in our English Tongue . It was the manner of the Heathen Race-runners , after they had finished their course , * to deliuer a Lamp or Taper to the next Runner . Semblably whereto , this Christian Antiquary shewes vnto thee , how the noble Worthies of the Christian world , and Fore-runners of our faith , after they had finished their course , deliuered the Lamp of their doctrine from one to another : as ( to omit other former-bearers of this Light ) Bertram , to Berengarius ; Berengarious , to Petrus Bruis ; Petrus Bruis , to Waldo ; Waldo , to Dulcinus ; Dulcinus , to Gandune and Marsilius ; they , to Wicklef ; Wicklef , to Hus and Ierome of Prague ; and their scholars , the Taborites , to Luther . This Treasure of Antiquitie falling into my hands , and finding it hard to come-by , I thought fit to publish it , and make it more common ; that so , all that loue the truth , might cleerly see in it the perfect Image of their Mother , the true Protestant Church , partly blubbered with tears , partly smeared with bloud , by the cruelty of the Man of sinne , and his Complices , in former Ages . About which dolefull Image , we may fitly write these words of the Prophet Micah , for a Motto : Reioyce not against me , O my enemy : when I fall , I shall rise : when I sit in darknes , the Lord shall be a Light vnto mee . Such a Light hee hath been Before , and In our daies , and Henceforth will bee , according to his promise ; til he shall dispell all darknes , and consume the Man of sin with the Spirit of his mouth , and destroy him with the brightnes of his Comming . Euen so come , Lord Iesu ; come quickly . A TREATISE OF the perpetuall Visibilitie and Succession of the true CHVRCH . WEE teach , that as from the beginning long before the Incarnation of Christ , God euer had his Church , yet sometimes more visible and glorious , and sometimes more contracted , and obscured : so since the appearance of our Sauiour , at all times infallibly and without exception , there haue been chosen children of God , who haue retained his faith , and calling vpon his name haue studied to expresse their knowledge in their life , by retyring themselues both from the loose conuersation of Libertines , and the profanation of Idolatrous persons . Neither euer was there any of our profession , which did teach or write the contrary . But wheras the Synagogue of Rome layes it downe for a fundamentall Rule , that this Church hath been and must bee in all ages , a visible and conspicuous Congregation at the least , consisting of an apparant Hierarchy , so that at all times a man may poynt it out , and may repaire thither , as to a matter eminent ; yea , and in a sort pompous too ; or to say as Stapleton speaketh when he doth most extenuate it , a It is euermore visible in respect of her Gouernours and Sheepheards , but most of all for the Pope , or cheife Pastor thereof . To which Pope , b Bellarmine assigneth that he cannot erre in iudgment , and to the people and Cleargie of Rome ( where this sensible Church must principally be ) that they cannot erre with a personall errour ; so that all altogether erre ; we therein doe dissent from them , and maintaine , that although when the godly are most driuen to extremities by Heresies or persecutions , they bee visible each to other , and acquainted with some other brethren , who are in like case with themselues , yet they are not so apparant to other men , as that at all times they know where to find Assemblies , and Congregations of them . But that the Bishop of Rome , and his Pontificall Clergie , should haue the face of the Church tyed , and inseperably ioyned vnto them , wee can in no sort yeeld , but doe disclaime it as a flattering tale , suggested to that Bishop by such parasites as are about him , and from time to time doe depend vpon him . And that it may bee seene what reason we haue of this our assertion , wee first shew , that the estate of the faithfull was frequently so , before the comming of Christ. For when it lay as hid in some fewe persons , within the single Families of the old Patriarks , before and after the Floud , what great boast could there bee made of it ? Nay , when the Commonwealth of the lewes was much setled , into what straight was it brought , when Dauid complained , c Helpe Lord , for there is not one godly man left : for the faithfull are fayled from among the children of men ? This being spoken , as it is most probable , in the dayes of Saul , aster the dayes of Samuel , and the d slaughter of the Priests , how was it euen in Iudah and Ierusalem , when Esay cried out , that e the whole head is sicke , and the whole heart is heauy , from the sole of the foot vnto the head , there is nothing whole therin ? The estate of the Church being then most miserable , and all depraued , not onely in manners , but in Religion , Idolatry being plentifull , as is manifest by the wordes in the same vision , f For they shall be● confounded for the Okes which you haue desired , and yee shall bee ashamed for the G●rdens you haue chosen : which intendeth the trees and pleasant places where they vsed their superstitions . Call to mind the dayes of Ieremie , when hee sayd , g Runne to and fro by the streetes of Ierusalem , and behold now , and know , and inquire in the open places thereof , if yee can finde a man , or if there bee any that executeth Iudgement , and seeketh the Truth , and I will spare it . And those of Ezech●l , testifying in this sort : h I sought for a man among them that should make vp the hedge , and stand in the gap before mee for the land , that I should not destroy it , but I found none . These things were spoken of Iudah and Ierusalem , where alone at that time was that Church which was ; the Israelites for their grieuous sins , being long before caried away into captiuitie . You may adde to this , if you will , the complaint of Micah , i Woe is mee for I am as the Summer gatherings , and as the Grapes of the vintage : there is no cluster to eate : my soule desireth the first ripe fruites . The good man is perished out of the earth , and there is none righteous among men : they all lie in wait for blood : euery man hunteth his brother with a net . If the Priests & people had not almost generally gone astray , and the whole face of the visible Church had not seemed to bee defaced , would these Prophets thus haue particularized , that one godly man was not left , and that one was not to bee found , who had not declined from truth ? Wee doubt not but in those times the Lord had many faithfull ones in secret , as hee had seuen thousand in Israel when k Elias liued , of whom neither the enemies of the trueth , nor scant that Prophet , did take any notice . l The marke in the forehead is sometime knowne to few , but onely to him that imprinted it there ; yet this is a good holde for the Elect , m The Lord knoweth who are his . But vpon what might those , who were Gods secret chosen outwardly build , when diuers times the Princes and people had corrupted their wayes , and the Temple it selfe was polluted , and made a sinke of Idolatrie ? For wee finde that things stood vpon those termes in the dayes of Manasse , when in the House of the Lord , euen that house , whereof the Lord had said , n In Ierusalem will I put my Name , hee built prophane altars : and in the two Courts of the House of the Lord hee built Altars for all the hoste of Heauen . Iudge where in those dayes was the glorie of the visible Church , or where it was a prettie while before that , when the Priest o Vriah was as ready to set vp in the Temple an Altar after the fashion of that which was in Damascus , as the King Ahaz was ready to commaund it . And then the Prince and Priests conspiring , there was scant any kinde of grosse Idolatry , which was not plentifully committed , Ahaz himselfe making his sonne to p goe through the fire after the abominations of the Heathen . And least it should bee thought , that the people at least , did amend somewhat which was amisse , in the very next chapter it is witnessed in generall , q Yet Iudah kept not the Commaundements of the Lord their God , but walked according to the fashion of Israel , which they vsed . And by most probabilitie , this outrage vnder r Ahaz was the time , against which Esay so inueighed in the Vision before remembred . These things are so plaine , that the greatest pillars of the Papacie cannot deny them ; and therefore they are forced to another shift , as the Rhemists when they say , That there is a great difference betweene the Christian Church , and the Iewes , ours resting vpon better promises then theirs ; which is a very poore euasion , in as much as euery Diuine may know , that there be as large and many promises , that the Church of the Iewes should last vntill Christes appearance in the flesh , as there bee that the Congregation of Gods Saints shall continue among the Gentiles vntill the day of Iudgement . And ●auing onely for the time of the Babylonish captiuitie , there was one set externall place of Gods eminent seruice , that is , the Temple at Ierusalem , supported with such words , t This is my rest for euer , heere will I dwell , 〈◊〉 and u In Ierusalem shall my name 〈◊〉 euer : the like whereof through●● all the continuance of the New Testament , is not warrantable o●● of the Word for any one place wh●●●euer . Now it cannot bee so much as superficially maintained out of the Scripture , that Rome it selfe hath any such promise , but rather out of the Reuelation of St. Iohn , there are many substantiall matters which make to the contrary . But because by the strong shot of Trueth they bee beaten from the Bulwarke of the Iewish Synagogue , and flye to the next hold of the later Testament ; let vs follow them thither . VVhen our Sauiour Christ was borne , and for the most part afterward , till he was baptized , where shall we conceiue was the visible Church ? The Scribes and Pharisees possessed all the shew , and they were no better then a blinde leaders of the blinde . The Priesthood was long before and after bought and sold ; and in Christs owne time it is euident out of the Scripture , that the highest spirituall dignitie going b by yeares , Annas and Caiphas , and other vnworthy men of that rabble did enioy it . Vpon the birth of Iesus , they were not glad , who should haue most reioyced in it : but all c Ierufalem was troubled at it . And how they persisted afterward till Christ did manifest himselfe fully , may bee guessed by diuers circumstances , which the Euangelists do mention after his birth . But when hee came first into the world , of whom doe we find speech made , but of some Shepheards in the field , of Simeon an old man , of Anna a most aged woman , both ready to goe into their graues , of Ioseph and Marie , Zacharias and Elizabeth , and very few others ? and of these some might bee soone dead , others might liue out of the way at Bethlehem , or Nazareth , or in Aegypt , and the Shepheards were in the fieldes about their Trades : but where there was the appearance of a visible Congregation can hardly bee imagined . When our Sauiour had selected out his Apostles , they then were termed by the name of a Flocke ; but yet by their Master they were called but a d little flocke , where the Rhemists do confesse , that in the beginning it was little indeed . At the death of Christ , when his body hanged on the crosse for our sakes , and his Disciples were all e fled , no man daring to shew himselfe . f Mary and Iohn , and a fewe women were all the faithfull that now appeared vpon earth : and afterward while the Apostles & their followers walked very priuately , or were assembled g in a chamber , the Priestes , and Scribes , and Pharisees were they who ruffled it in the streetes , and bore the sway in the Temple ; so that if a weak body had enquired for the Church , he might rather haue been directed to them , who had the Law , and the Altars , and all sacred things in their custody , then to any other . When Steuen had been stoned , and for feare of the persecution which was at Ierusalem , the Disciples were all scattered ; besides the Apostles , it may well be presumed , that for a time they which remained in the citie where Steuen had lost his life , did not walke very openly . Truth it is , that after these things the Church was better setled , and the truth was more spread ; but yet neuer was there any such priuiledge bestowed vpon it , but that in the dayes of persecution , or some grieuous apostacy , the faithfull might bee brought to a small visibilitie . Our Sauiours wordes intend so much , when alluding to the time of his second appearance , to iudge the quicke and the dead , he asketh , i Neuerthelesse , when the Sonne of man commeth , shall he find faith on earth ? as meaning , that very little should then bee found , in comparison of the Floodes and Ocean of iniquitie which euery where should abound . But God , to the end that he might not haue vs ignorant but warned before hand into what straights the Church should bee brought , informeth vs by Saint k Paul , that the Lord shall not come , except there first bee an apostacie , or reuolt , or falling away , wherein Antichrist with great pride and disdaine should shew himselfe . This is solemnly spoken of by the Apostle , and by all both old and new , intreating of it , is obserued to some matter of great note , that is to say , some maine declining from somwhat . Many of our Papists fearing to touch this sore , which can in no case turne them to good , would haue that interpreted , to note nothing else but the slipping of diuers regions & countries from their subiection to the Romane Empire . But Gregory Martin , and the other Rhemistes being ouercome with the euidence of truth , are heere a little more honest then ordinary , and speake to other purpose . Indeed they cannot tell how it will be taken at other Papists hands , that contrary to the custome of their fellowes , in a matter of such moment , they should giue way vnto vs ; and therefore they doe vse these words in vvay of excuse , ● Be it spoken vnder the correction of Gods Church , and all learned Catholiques . But to the poynt concerning the Apostacie , they deliuer this : It is very like , that this great defection and reuolt shall not bee onely from the Romane Empire , but especially from the Romane Church , and withall from most poynts of Christian Religion , ( in the Margent it is , and from most Articles of the Catholique Faith. ) Heere they would haue vs take the Romish beleefe for the Christian Religion , and Catholique faith : but that deserueth a long pause : we rather obserue out of them , that this reuolt is in matter of faith , and not onely from the Empire ; then which Glosse , nothing can be truer . Well then , if there must bee so egregious an Apostacie , it will follow , that Antichrist so domineering , as by the Apostle he is described , will not bee negligent so to represse the publike seruice of God , that it shall not carry any liuely head , or countenance , where hee hath to doe . So that certainely our Rhemistes yeelding to this Exposition , doe in substance confesse so much , as that the apparancy of Gods Congregation , in the time of the great defection , must bee mightily ecclipsed . Now the Lord , to the end hee might establish his faithfull , and arme them to expect this paucitie of beleeuers , and inconspicuousnes of his Church , and yet not be discouraged for that which should bee past , present , or to come . And againe , that there might bee no doubt in a matter of this moment , letteth vs further know , that the m woman fled into the wildernesse , where shee hath a place prepared of God. It is not doubted of betweene the Romanists and vs , but this Woman doeth represent the Church , concerning whom , being in the wildernesse , it doth manifestly follow , that for the time of her abode there , which the Almightie had decreed , she should not be discerned ; that is , by her enemies , who did & would chase her : notwithstanding , it is not to be doubted , but shee knew where her selfe was . If the Romanist therefore , and persecuting aduersary , did not euer see the Professors of the Gospell , it was no wonder : the woman was to remaine in the Wildernesse a part , and hidde from them . The euidence of which matter is such , that as n Master Fox obserueth , for feare of diuers things in the Reuelation of Saint Iohn , ( whereof this may worthily be one scant any Popish Writer for many yeares together , durst aduenture to comment any thing vpon the Apocalyps , vntill our Rhemistes being desirous to shame the Pope , and themselues , with all who are wise , and adventured to set pen to paper . Hauing then a purpose to set forth and corrupt the New Testament , partly by their Translation , but most of all by their Annotations , they could not choose but say somewhat of the Reuelation , although they professe , that it is as o sparingly as may be , and as briefly ; which is not for that the Volume of the Rhemish Testament groweth great , as they would colour it , but for feare least they should too much lay open their owne weakenesse , which while that Booke is in the Bible , will neuer bee concealed . Howsoeuer therefore , through their Volume , in many maine matters , they bee very silent where they should most speake , as of the Question of imputed righteousnesse , where the p Apostle doeth most handle it , ( a sore argument of their owne conscience distrusting their cause , and euen sinking vnder the waight of that chapter ) yet here God ouer-ruling them , to say the truth , as hee did q Caiaphas , they interpret the woman to be the r Church , flying from the great persecution , which shall be in the time of Antichrist . Indeed , to keepe peace with their Lord and Mastes the Pope , they will not haue this flight to bee but in the very ending of the world ; and so they would fetch it with a backe Racket , that the woman should continue so in secret , but three yeares and a halfe , which ( to keepe all vpright ) they assigne to be the time of Antichrists raigne , and then the Iudgement must come ; which is a most fond evasion , seeing by that meanes men liuing at the appearance of Antichrist , should be able precisely to tell when the day should be , to wit , three yeares and a halfe after Antichrists entring . f But of that day and houre knoweth no man , no not the Angells which are in Heauen , neither the Sonne himselfe , saue the Father onely . It can neuer be made good , that the t time , times , and halfe a time , the two and fortie moneths , and the thousand , two hundred and sixtie dayes , are so literally to bee taken , as that they should containe exactly three ordinary yeares and a halfe . Your Romane Bishop in his declination , hath already been in the world much longer , and he is the greatest Antichrist that euer yet was manifested among men , and on whom many things in the Scripture signified , touching Antichrist , doe directly and vnauoydably light . Well , this reuolt taking place , and the woman , the Church being in the wildernesse , it is not to be doubted , but here and there be diuers , which serue God aright , the very gates u of Hell not being able to preuaile against them . And as these in generall wheresoeuer dispersed , doe make vp the vniuersall militant Church : so where any few of them , euen in the smallest number , are assembled together , they may be said to be a particular Congregation , or Church . Where three are , saith w Tertullian , there is a Church , although they bee Lay persons . It is likely , that he alludeth to that saying of our Sauiour , x Where two or three are gathered together in my Name , there am I in the middest of them . He is with them as with members of his Church , to guide them and heare them , to blesse them , and preserue them . And that such little assemblies are not vnworthy the name of the Church , is plaine by S. Pauls words to Philemon , where he sendeth greeting , not only to Philemon , and Appias , and Archippus , but a to the Church in Philemons house : for so the Rhemistes themselues translate it . In dangerous and Apostatating times , such petty assemblies doe make vp the generall , and they belong vnto the same mysticall body , although they not onely be not knowne to their persecutors , but many of them haue no acquaintance with other . They haue the same Head , the same Faith , the same Charitie , the same Spirit , the same Holy Ghost is giuen to all Saints , ioyned one to the other in loue , whether they know each other corporally , or doe not knowe them , saith b Saint Austen . The want then of Acquaintance each with other , may keepe the godly asunder , as well as the rage of their persecutors ; both which are to be found in the case of Elias . But directly to follow further this Argument of the Ecclipse of the Churches glorie , may it not bee thought to be brought to a low ebbe , when it is said of the second Beast , That c he causeth all both small and great , rich and poore , free and bond , that he should giue them a marke in the right hand , or in their foreheads , and that no man might buy or sell , saue hee that had the marke , or the name of the Beast , or the number of his name . And what else is signified , when so d many are mentioned to haue commerce with the Whore of Babylon ; yea , e all Nations are reported to haue drunken of the wine of the wrath of her fornication . The ancient Fathers were not ignorant , that such times these might bee , when they so oft compared the Church to the Moone , as Saint f Ambrose . The Moone it selfe , whereby in the Oracles of the Prophets , the countenance of the Church is figured ; when at the first rising againe , shee is renewed into the ages of the Moneth , she is hidden by the darknesse of the night , and by little and little filling her hornes , or right ouer against the Sunne ending them , doth shine with the light of cleare brightnes . g S. Austen in one place doth for diuers respects liken the church vnto the moone , and expoundeth the moone to signifie it . h In another place he hath the Sun is Christ , the Moon the Church ; which as one the one side it doth intimate vnto vs , that the Moone hath no light but from the Sun ; and the Church no light nor beauty , but from God : so on the other side it doth most liuely put vs in mind , that as the Moon continueth at the same stay , but increaseth and decreaseth , waxeth and waneth , is ecclipsed by the interposition of the earth between her selfe and the Sunne , and somtimes in the change cannot be seene , although it is neuer to be doubted but there is a Moon : so the church of Christ , whilest this troublesome world doth last , is now glorious , then shadowed ; in one age in beauty , in an other age kept vnder ; vnder some Princes in peace , vnder others in persecution ; yea , sometimes so pressed with the extremity of the malicious , as that she is glad to remaine retyred into secret places , & not to appeare openly to the malignant , albeit shee neuer is nor can be extinguished , but hath a continuall being . Vnto which it may bee added , that since faith doth much consist of i things which are not seene ; and we beleeue the holy Catholike church as an Article of our faith , it may follow , that it need not euer be eminently visible , and apparantly sensible vnto vs. For the better exemplification of this verity , it may be remembred what hauock was made by the Heathen Romane Emperors , and their deputies , against the flock of Christ , in the ten first persecutions : that in the Roman dominion , there was scant any to be heard of , who professed Christianity , but he was soone cut off by the sword , or otherwise . Did they in those times suffer any potent visibilitie of true Professors , or whē they once knew where they were , did they not forthwith labour to extirpate them ? But in the dayes of Constantius , when the Arrian Heresie had once gotten the head , where in the world did there appeare any sencible Congregation , maintaining the Orthodox beliefe ? Hieroms testimony of those dayes was , k The whole world did sigh , and wondred that it selfe was Arrian . The words are but few , but they are to the purpose . So said Saint Gregorius Presbyter , writing the life of Gregory Nazianzen , The Sect of the Arrians had almost possessed all the coasts of the world , the power and impietie of the Emperour ministring vnto it . The words of Constantius himselfe in L Theodoret , do giue testimony vnto this . Neither doth Liberius the Roman Bishop say ought to the contrary . The speeches of the Arrian Emperour against him and Athanasius are these ; The whole world doth thinke that this is well . The whole world hath giuen sentence of his impietie . Thou alone doest embrace the friendship of that wicked man. And a little before that : Doeth so great a part of the world reside in thee Liberius , that thou alone doest dare to come in ayd to that wicked man , and disturbe the peace of the vniuersall world ? Whereunto Liberius did not take exception , saying , that the visible Church stood for him , and Athanasius , but rather giueth another reason , to make good his being alone ; Be it that I am alone ; notwithstanding for that the cause of the faith is not the worse : for a great while ago●e , there were three onely found , who would resist the Kings commandement . Heere the Church for any external shew , was low brought : for if any body held it vp , it was Athanasius , who then played least in sight , and durst not appeare . For this Liberius , who did for a time second him , did afterward shrinke . He went at first into banishment in defence of the truth : but after that , he was solicited , and laid at by Fontunatianus , that he relented and condiscended to subscribe to the Arrian heresie , as m Hierom witnesseth , who liued in that age , and was long conuersant in Rome , and therefore could better report what was the issue of Liberius his constancie , then some others who doe relate it otherwise . What can be said for him , Bellarmine hath : but yet inforced by n the euident testimony of Athanasius , Hillary , and Hierome , he confesseth so much as I haue here set down ; but couer it he would , that he only consented to the externall act of subscribing , but remained in heart Othodox . Why should it then bee a maruell , if in processe of time , Antichrist growing to greater strength , the Church should bee in couert ? It is no more then often fell out vnder the Iewish Synagogue , & hath bin exemplified to haue been since among the Christians , and was so euidently foretold before . In so much that by the example of the o woman , it can not bee the true Church , vnlesse it should be hidden in the wildernesse . Which while our Popish teachers deny to agree to their Romish Church , but professe that it hath euer been in sight , they themselues doe by a consequent proclaime , that they are not the pure and vndefiled flying woman , but another painted harlot and strumpet . The true Church is for a time out of sight in the wildernes ; but so say they , was their Church neuer : and therefore will they , nill they , their Church is not the true Church . And here , to the end that the slaunderous calumniation of our aduersaries may the more be manifested to all those , who wil not wilfully close their eyes against truth , I will a little shew the vanity , & yet maliciousnes of their obiection , when they say there was neuer any of our faith before the daies of p Luther , who in the yeare 1517 , began for his part to display the kingdome of Antichrist . Where , I pray the Reader to consider , that the most part of those whom I shall cite , are Popish Writers , and no way partially affected towards vs. We say then , that Martine Luther was not the first brocher of those points which he taught again't papistry ; but as he did originally deduce them from the Scriptures , & out of the works of the ancient Fathers ; so he did derine them also hereditarily from other , who immediatly before him had taught the same doctrine , & left it both in books , & the hearts of men recommended vnto him ; as principal parties herein I name Iohn Hus , & Hierome of Prage , and all such as were their schollers , in or about Bohemia ; who before Luthers time oppugned the beliefe of the church of Rome , & their profession was not extinguished vntill his dayes , howsoeuer it before had bin mainly assaulted . If we could learne this no where els , yet q Fr. Guicciardine , an Italian , & Florentin Historiographer , would informe vs of it , who writing of the yeare 1520 , saith plainly , that Luther did set abroad the Heresies ( as he tearmeth them ) of the Bohemians ; and hee nameth there Hus and Hierome as former diuulgers of the same : and r Petrus Messias a Spaniard therein agreeth with him , who mentioning the opinions of Hus and the Bohemians , saith , they were the seed of those errours , which were afterward in Germany , alluding to the doctrine of Luther . There is no man whose testimony in this behalfe may be of more worth then Ioh. Cochleus ; First , because he wrote a large story of purpose concerning the Hussites , & therfore by his long search , reading , and writing , in that argument may be persumed to know as much as any . Secondly , because it may be well imagined , that he would fain nothing to do Luther good , in as much as he also wrote a volume purposely against that worthy seruant of God , intending to rip vp his whole life from yeare to yeare , and to censure all his works ; yet this enemy of his , in the Story of the Hussites , doth plentifully satisfie vs about the matter now in question . One where he telleth vs , that Hus did slay soules for an hundred yeares together ; neither yet doth he cease to slay them by the second death . Within an hundred yeares after him came in Luther , according as the said Iohn Hus did a prophecie not long before his death . And when it is added , that yet he doth not cease to slay ; it is manifest , that his Doctrine remained till the dayes of Cochleus . b In another place he relateth , that Luther did stirre vp seditions in Germanie , by the Books of the Hussites . Afterward he calleth those , who were in Germany in his time , New c Hussites . And againe , Hus did so rent the vnitie of the Church , that vnto this day there remaineth a pitifull diuision in Bohemia . He proceedeth in the same matter elsewhere , saying , That the people of Germanie are now by Luther partakers of the Heresies of Hus , and Hierome . One sort of the followers of this Iohn Hus , did call themselues Thaborites ; and these were they , who most dissented of all from the Doctrine of Rome : Of these he speaketh thus : e Vnto this day remaineth the Sect of the Thaborites , in many places of Bohemia , and Morauia , vnder the name of Picards and Waldenses . Lastly , the same f Cochleus , in the yeare 1534. doth wish that hee may see the remainders or leauings of the Hussites to returne to the Church , and the Germanes to cast out all new Sectes . VVhat can bee more euident , then that the Doctrine of Iohn Hus was sensibly and apparantly continued somewhere , euen till the dayes of Martin Luther ? Vnto which may bee added , that whereas Luther began to shew himselfe but in the yeare 1517 , that very yeere , was g ended the Councell of Laterane held at Rome , and finished by Pope Leo the tenth . And there consultation was had of reforming the manners of the Church , and of recalling the Bohemians to the vnity of the Church of Rome . And as these Testimonies doe conuince , that the Christian Confession of Hus was not extinguished at the comming of Martin Luther : so may there be good reason assigned , why it did so long continue , in as much as it was imbraced by many , and earnestly maintained euen vnto the death . When Hus began first to preach the people which vsed h handy craftes did with great desire heare his sermons , & did read the scriptures , being turned by him into their mother tongue , so that they could dispute with the Priestes ; which the very women were able to doe ; m yea , and one woman did make a Booke . Not long after three of the schollers of this Preacher did affirme , that the Pope thē liuing was Antichrist ; who had proclaimed a Croisado against a Christian King ; that was Ladislaus , King of Naples , then infesting the lands of the Church of Rome . These three persons were martyred for this speech , and tooke their death patiently . In small processe of time , this Doctrine so multiplied , that as n Onuphrius hath , the Councell of Constance was called principally for two things ; the one was against the Hussites , the other to take away the Schisme between the Popes . These of liklihood grew great , that now a generall Councell was called against them . Neither did the people only agree in faith with Iohn Hus , but the Nobles of Bohemia stood apparantly for him ; in so much that they sent two o seuerall and solemne supplications to the Councell of Constance in his behalfe . And when these their request were neglected , and Iohn Hus , and Hierom of Prage ( contrary to the p Emperors safe conduct giuen to the former of them ) were burnt , the Nobles of Bohemia did mightily murmure against the Fathers of the Councell ; in so much that Sigismund the Emperour , to giue them satisfaction on his behalfe , did write vnto them , excusing himselfe touching the death of these men , and laying the fault vpon the Councell . But this gaue not contentment vnto the Bohemians , now robbed of their principall Pastor , but being mooued at the perfidiousnesse of those at Constance , they assembled themselues together , to the number of thirtie thousand ; and in the fields vpon three hundred Tables erected for that purpose , they receiued the Eucharist in both kindes . Afterward , they rushing into the Churches and Monasteries , did breake downe the Images there . It was not long after , but that vnder q Iohannes Zisca , a Noble and victorious Warriour , these Hussites grew to bee of Souldiers fortie thousand in one armie , who got into their hands the Castle of Prage , the chiefe Citie of Bohemia . Then not long after did Pope Martin the fift publish a Croysado against these , whom hee called Heretiques , promising remission of their sinnes to such as could destroy them . Notwithstanding , these hated persons did still prosper , getting many Victories vnder Procopius , and other Captaines , but especially vnder Zisca , who was of that dexteritie , and felicitie in his Warres , as that r Cochleus almost amazed at his strange successe , sayeth , That scant any Historie of the Greekes , or Hebrewes , or Latines doeth mention such a Generall as Zisca was . Hee built a new Citie , as a refuge for his men , and called it Thabor , whereof diuers embracing the Doctrine of Hus , were afterward called Thaborites . A s second time did Pope Martine proclaime a Croysado against them , graunting remission of sinnes to all who did either fight , or contribute money against them . Vpon which , there were at one time t fortie thousand Germane Horse men gathered to destroy them : but such was the terror of their name , that vpon the approaching to them , the Horsemen of their owne accord turned their backes and fled . The Popish Authour saith , that there was in this some secret Iudgement of God , but hee thinketh the cause of their ill successe , was , that they had Bishops and Priests to their Leaders and Captaines . By this time came on the Councell of Basil , which as u Onuphrius saith , was held against the Hussites . This sheweth that there were many , which may also appeare , in that the Fathers at Basil , did by an Indulgence graunt to the Bohemians this dispensation , That contrary to the Act of the Councell of x Constance , they might receiue the Eucharist both in Bread and Wine . y Genebrard , who was euer a true seruant to the Pope , confesseth so much : but addeth withall , that the Cup was permitted vnto them , because that alwaies before had beene their custome so to communicate : yet saith he , all was on that condition , That they should not finde fault with the contrary vse , nor seuer themselues from the Catholique Church in other Rites and Doctrines . y Cochleus nameth no such condition . Nay , to shew that simply and directly it was yeelded vnto them , hee reporteth , that the Legates of the Councell of Basil , did thus expound that which was concluded in the Bohemians behalfe . The z Councell doeth permit the Eucharist vnder both kindes ; not tollerating it onely as a thing euill , as to the Iewes was permitted a Bill of Diuorce ; but so , that by the authoritie of Christ and his Church , it is lawfull and profitable to the worthy Receiuers . Where is it likely , that vnlesse the Bohemians now after Husses death had beene a strong partie , the Antichristian rabble would haue yeelded to their importunitie , so directly against the Canon of the next precedent Councell ? Indeed the a Emperour Sigismund did afterward take a course to lessen their number , when he sent many of them into Hungaria against the Turkes , that there they might either conquering winne to him victories , or being conquered themselues , so be destroied and perish . He who list to see more concerning the multitude of these Professors , let him but looke on diuers places in the workes of Aeneas Syluius , who was afterward Pope , by the name of Pius the second , and hee shall finde him reporting of his owne knowledge , as trauailing himselfe into Bohemia , that they were many , and very earnest also in their Religion . If heere it should bee replyed , that these perhaps were base people , and of the vulgar , who thus followed Iohn Hus ; but men of learning and knowledge , or persons of authoritie , they had none to ioyne with them ; the course of the Story will easily cleare the same , and shew that they had both learned Pastors , and great Magistrates , who beleeued as they beleeued , and stood wholly with them . Of what literature Hus himselfe was , is euident by his workes yet remaining , and by his personall withstanding the whole Councell of Constance . And what learning , what eloquence , what memory , all admirable were in Hierom of Prage , as also with what singular patience he tooke his death , is most significantly deliuered in an Epistle of c Poggius , who as an eye witnes beheld him , and seemed to be much affected with the singular parts of the man. Which noble testimony of that worthy Poggius , is acknowledged by d Cochleus . Whilst these two liued , there were diuers e Priests , and f Preachers , which agreed in their doctrine ; and in their Sermons reproued the Popish Clergy for their Simony , keeping of Concubines , auarice , ryot , and Secular-like pride . But after the death of those two famous seruants of God , their g followers got to them a Bishop , who was a Suffragane to the Archbishop of Prage , and by him they put into holy Orders , as many Clerkes as they would . Which the Archbishop tooke so ill , that he suspended his Suffragan . But it was not long after , that h Conradus the Archbishop himselfe became a Hussite also , as the Authour calleth him . Vnder this Conradus , as President of the assembly , these Hussites held a Councell at Prage , in the yeare 1421 , and there they compiled a Confession of their faith . This cause did the said Archbishop , and many Barons of Bohemia , afterward stiffely maintaine , & complained against the Emperor Sigismund , for offring wrong to those of their Religion . i Alexander also the Duke of Lituania , did giue these Hussites ayd , which moued Pope Martin the fifth to write vnto him in this sort : Know , that thou couldest not giue thy faith to Heretikes , which are the violaters of the holy faith , and that thou doest sinne deadly if thou shalt keepe it , because there cannot be any fellowship of a Beleeuer with an Infidell . Thus did the vertuous Pope write . k In processe of time there grew a parley betweene Sigismund the Emperour , and the Bohemians . There among the Compacts , this was one , That the Bishop should promote to holy Orders the Bohemians , euen the Hussites , which were of the Vniuersitie of Prage . And they might well deserue to be reputed Vniuersity men : for Cochleus himselfe witnesseth , that the Priests of the Thaborites were skilled in arguing , and exercised in the holy Scripture . l Kakizana , one of them did vndertake to dispute with Capistranus , a great and learned Papist . By that time that the yeare 1453. was come , Aeneas : Syluius doth complaine , that m the kingdom of Bohemia was wholly gouerned by Heretikes . Now all the Nobilitie , all the Comminaltie is subiect to an Heretike . That was one George of Gyrziko , Gouernour of the kingdome of Bohemia , vnder King Ladislaus . But when Ladislaus was dead , this n George himselfe was by the Nobles , and people chosen King of that Countrey : And continuing the ancient profession of his Religion , about the yeare 1458. those of Vratislauia and Silesia doe refuse to obey him , as being an Heretike . Notwithstanding Pope Pius the second then intending warres against the Turke , did by all meanes perswade them , that they should yeeld obedience vnto him . This George , saith the Authour , was borne and brought vp in the heresie of the Hussites . Now when Pope Pius did interpose himselfe as a Mediator betweene the King and his subiects , George did require of the Pope , that hee might keepe the Compacts agreed vpon at Basil , in behalfe of the Bohemians . And when o Pius would not yeeld thereunto , the King calleth together the Estates of his kingdome , and protesteth that hee would liue & die in those Compacts , and so did also the nobles which were Hussites . This was done at Prage in the yeare 1462. This resolutenesse of his caused that Pope to tolerate many things in him . But Paul 2 , who succeeded in that See of Rome , did excommunicate that King , & set vp a Croisado against him . Also he gaue to Matthias the King of Hungary , the title of King of Bohemia . p Onuphrius in the life of Paul the 2. saith , that the Pope did excommunicate him , and depriue him of his kingdome . Indeed for seuen yeares this George & Matthias did war for it , and Matthias got from him Morauia , and Silesia , & a good part of the kingdom of Bohemia : Vratislauia also , and some other Prouinces and Cities did put themselues in subiection to Mathias . Yet did not George deale hardly with the Papistes which were in Prage ; but in his greatest extremity did vse both the aduise and aid of many Nobles of the popish belief . At length , after the continuance of warre for seuen yeares , Mathias concludeth a peace with king George , both against the wil of q the Pope , and the Emperour . And then this King was content to aske of the Pope an absolution from the Excommunication , some Princes being mediators for him in that respect . But before the Agents could returne from Rome , the King died , in the yeare of our Lord , 1471. By this Story it is manifest , that both noble and learned of high account , were of that Christian Beliefe which Iohn Hus taught , and were contented to aduenture al things which they had in the world for the maintenance of the same . Perhaps here it may bee asked ; but how shal we know that Iohn Hus and his followers did imbrace that Religion which is now professed in England ? We find in Aeneas Syluius , some opinions of theirs , which peraduenture will scant be reputed currant among all English Protestants . Hee rehearseth these foure of theirs : m That they would receiue the Sacraments in both kinds ; that ciuill dominion is inhibited to Clergie men ; that Preaching of the Word was permitted to al men ; that publik crimes are in no sort to be tolerated . I answer , that truth it is , that hee there mentioneth onely those ; and whether he relateth them truly or no , it may be doubted , as anon I shall shew , by laying open the custom of the enemies of the Gospell , in misreporting their doctrine . But n elsewhere he deliuereth other opinions of theirs , as against the Supremacy of the Pope against Purgatory , against Inuocation of Saints , and such like matters . If we returne to Cochleus , who was best acquainted with their matters , we shal find much more . As thus , o Hus translated all the Books of Canonicall Scripture into the Bohemian tongue , and the people did most diligently read them . They would haue the holy Scriptures to be the onely Iudge in Controuersies . They held , that all Bishops and Priestes are the Successors of the Apostles ; that , not the Pope , but Christ is the head of the Church , neither are the Cardinals the body , but all that beleeue in Christ ; that , that the Pope is not a member of the Church , but of the Deuill , and his Synagogue ; that one Pope was a woman : yea , Hus did preach , that the Pope is an abomination , and Antichrist . Also he calleth the p generall Councell at Constance , The Synagogue of Sathan . Another of his articles was , q The Pope is the Beast in the Apocalyps . His Schollers after his death , r brake downe the Images in Churches and Monasteries : yea , f Zisca did cast down all the churches , which were dedicated to the virgin Mary , or to any Saint ; as if it were lawfull onely to build a Church to Almighty God. In his time the professors began to be distinguished in two companies ; the one of thē did not so much dissent from the Pope as the other : Those which in fewer matters diffred from the Bishop of Rome , retained still the name of Hussites ; they which disagreed in more , were called Thaborites , of Thabor , the citie which Zisca built for them . And these were the greater number , and the stronger . There is in Cochleus a confession of faith made by one Iohann . Pezibram , a Bohemian , who was but a Hussite , and not wel affected to the Thaborites , because he accounted them as a kinde of Precisians , or Puritans in comparison of himselfe ; yet this more mild man doth wish and beg of God , to see a reformation of the Church , that t there might be redressed Symonies throughout all the world , most detestable , most wicked , setting to sale of al Sacramēts , most insatiable auarice , most impudent fornications , most putrified vncleannesses , rottennesses most abominable , Concubines keeping most polluted , manners most dissolute , most corrupt gestures and behauiors , harlotry euery where too too much multiplied in the Clergy , wherwith alas the whole world lieth corruptly filthy . Also the Lucifer-like pride of the Clergie is exalted aboue God , their dainty & daily banquets , their abundant riches , and rich abundance , their disquietnes most litigious being the chiefe root of the quarels of the world , their curiositie most vaine , their most vnseemely pompe of apparell , their conuersation most Secular-like , their most open transgression of all the Commandements of God , their most remisse care of soules , their most negligent regard of the word of God. This he saith for himselfe : but concerning the Thaborites , who indeed came neerer to the purity of the Gospel , he witnesseth of them , that they held , u that materiall bread doth remaine in the Sacrament ; that the Saints now triumphant are not to be called vpon ; that there is no purgatory ; that no suffrages or prayers are to be made for the dead . Also they allow not of the holy dayes almost of all the Saints , nor of Eue or Vigils that goe before them ; nor the consecrations of visible things , as salt , oyle , holy water , Bels , and such like . They haue a schismaticall celebration of their Masses , that is , a seuerall sort of Church-seruice , and refuse the most celebrious seruice of the Church , and the rites and administrations of almost all the Sacraments . Let our Papists now speak , whether they & we do not agree in the same doctrine altogether . For I doubt not but they who had receiued so much grace frō God , as to see al these things , were also partakers of farther knowledg in the misteries of saluatiō . While I haue spokē thus largely concerning these good Christians in Bohemia , let not any man imagin that Christs faithfull flocke was restrained within the compasse of that countrey , so that godly men were else no where to be found . For certaine it is , that betweene the times of Io. Hus , who was burnt in the yeare 1415 , and the first standing vp of M. Luther , were very many other who in that darknes did see what belonged vnto the light of the Gospel . Among these may be reckoned as very memorable the Waldenses ; who about the yeare 1508 , do make an a answer in defence of themselues ; and therin as they testifie that then they had Priests of their owne : so they speake against Purgatory , and most openly against Transubstantiation . The same touching Transubstantiation they doe in a Confession of b theirs , where also they impugne Adoration of the Eucharist . There also they name the Prelates Vnsauor● Salt , and auouch that the execrabl● naughtinesse , which was in them by the instinct of the Deuill , did driue them away from the Sea of Rome . For the Papists in their Sermons did call one another Schismaticks , Hereticks , Sacrilegious false Prophets , rauening VVolues , the Beast and Whore in the Reuelation , c of these there were many in one part of France , who time out of mind had refused to beare the yoake of the Pope , and therefore in the dayes of Frauncis 1. King of France , by a bloudy decree of that King , but by the execution of one Minerius a most cruell person ; Merindol & Cabriers , with some other villages about them , were sacked and destroyed , men , women , & children , being slaine ; yea , diuers of them being stripped starke naked first , and then murthered , and fortie poore women being burned in a Ba●ne . I may adde vnto these many worthy men here & there dispersed , whereof all cryed out against the Church of Rome , and desired a reformation , and many of them apprehended , and deliuered to other the true meanes of Iustification , which is the nearest point of saluation . The d Author of the 16 Century nameth about the yeare 1500 , and somewhat after ( but yet before Luther ) Baptista Mantuanus , & Franciseus Picus , Earle of Mirandula , both which much inueighed agaiust the Clergy and their whole practise . Also one Doctor Keiserspergius ; another called Iohn : Hilton ; a third named Doctor Andreas Proles , and Sauanorola , all groning vnder the burthen of those times . The e Oration of Picus in the Coūcel of Later an is extant ; where besides his most bitter taxing of the filthy behauiour of the Clergie , he vseth these words : Pietie is almost sunke into superstition . How Mantuan doth euery where pay the Romanists , may appeare to those who read his workes . f But one place of him I will name ; — Petrique domus polluta fluente Marcessit Luxu , ( nulla hic arcana reuelo Nonignota loquor , liceat vulgata referre : Sic Vrbes populique ferunt , ea fama per omnem I am vetus Europam ) mores extirpat honestos : Sanctus ager scurris , venerabilis ara cynaedis Seruit , honorandae Divum Ganymedibus aedes . Quid miramur opes , recidiuaque surgere tecta ? Thuris odorati globulos & cinnama vendit Mollis Arabs , Tyr● vestes , venalia nobis Templa , Sacerdotes , Altaria , Sacra , Coronae Ignis , Thura , Preces , Coelum est venale Deusque . Some of them I English thus . Priests land now Iesters vile doth serue , the Altars Bawds maintaine ; Of holy Churches of the Gods , lewd Ganymeds make their gaine . Why doe we wonder that their wealth , and houses falne doe rise , Sweet Frankincense and Cinnamon are the onely Marchandise Of the Arabians ; and but Clothes the Tyrians vse to sell : But with vs Churches , Altars , Priests , yeeld money well . Things hallowed , crowns , fire , frankincense , the Prayers which we make ; Yea Heauen , yea God , are saleable , if money wee may take . The opinions of Sauanorola against Popery are many ; and for them ( howsoeuer it be otherwise coloured ) he was burnt . In the matter of free h Iustification he is cleare . And the same is written also of i Trithemius , another learned man , who liued at that time . How in England Christ had in all these times Professors of the truth , I shall haue occasion to shew anon , when I come to speake of Iohn Wiclefe . In the meane while I shal not do amisse to mētion some other whowere between the daies of Io. Hus , & M. Luther . A special oppugner of the Papacy was the learned Laurentius Valla , a Romane Patritian , and Canon of S. Iohn of Later an there . He wrote a k Treatise of purpose against the forged donation of Cōstantine . He prouounceth of his own experience , That the Pope himselfe doth make war against peaceable people , & soweth discord between Cities & Princes . The Pope doth both thirst after mens riches , and swalloweth vp his owne . He maketh gain of not only the Common wealth , but the Estate Ecclesiasticall , and the holy Ghost . The latter Popes do seeme to labour this , that looke how much the ancient Popes were wise , and holy , so much they will be wicked and foolish . He liued about the yeare 1420 , and for the freenesse of his speech and pen , was by the Pope driuen into exile . About the same time liued Archdeacon l Nicholaus Clemang●is , who rebuked many things in the Ecclesiasticall state , and spake excellently in the matter of generall Councels , and their circumstances , as hereafter may be declared . m Petrus de Aliaco , Cardinall of Cambray , gaue a Tract to the Councell of Constance , touching the reformation of the Church . There doth he reproue many notable abuses of the Romanists , & giueth aduise how to represse them ; n There should not be multiplied , saith he , such varietie of Images and pictures in the Churches ; there should not be so many holy dayes ; there should not be so many new S t s canonized ; Apocryphal writings should not be read in the churches on holy dayes ; o such numerosity & variety of religious persons not expedient ; there are so many Orders of begging Friers , that their state is burtheusome to men , hurtfull to hospitals , and to the poore ; few doe now study diuinity , for the abuse of the Church of Rome , who hath despised Diuines ; all now turne to the law , & artes of gaine . He saith , that it was then a prouerbe , The Church is come to that estate , that it is not worthy to be ruled , but by reprobates . He hath very much more , and in the p end concludeth , That as there were 7000 , who had not bowed to Baal : so it is to bee hoped there bee some , which desire the reformation of the Church . Imagine whether this Cardinall , if he had found company to haue ioyned with him , would not haue sayd much more . About that time liued Leonardus Aretinus , whose little book against Hypocrites is worth the reading . So is the oration of Antonius Cornelius Eynni●hanus , laying open the lewd lubric●●e of Priests in his dayes . So doth he detect many abuses and errours , who wrote The ten grieuances of Germany ; but those who compiled the hundred grieuances of the German nation , doe discouer many more . Finally , he who list to see further , that God euen in those dead dayes , had diuers seruants , who by more then a glimpse did see the truth , and desired yet to be more plentifully instructed in religion , let him read the Catologus testium veritatis , lately set out , and there he shall find diuers , whom I haue not named . By this time I trust it is manifest how fals a slander that of the Papists is , that before the daies of M. Luther , there was neuer any man of our religion . Til the time of the Councell of Constance , this case is cleared . And beyond that , it is as easie to shew , that I. Hus , & Hierom of Prage had their imediat antecessors in witnessing the faith of Christ For they were instructed & much helped by the Books of Io. Wiclif an English man ; and therefore saith Platina , as spectators of Wiclife , they were condemned in the Councell of Constance . AEneas Syluius sheweth the meanes how those Bohemians came to know the doctrine of Wiclife , he saith thus , He who first raised vp the opinion of the Hussites , had them frō Oxford , carying thence into Bohemia Wiclefs books de Realibus Vniuersalib ' , Coehleus , who by his good will would bee taken for a great defender of Popery , giueth yet a larger testimony ; for he saith , That as a Bohemian brought first into Bohemia Wiclefs books de Realibus Vniuer salibus ; so there was afterward one Peter Paine , a Scholler of Wiclefs , who after the death of his Master came also into Bohemia , and brought with him Wiclef bookes , which were in quantity as great as S. Austins works : many of these books did Hus afterward translate into their mother tongue . In plaine termes , after this the Author deliuereth it , That the Hussites & Thaborites were branches of Wiclefe . And in the same book Hus did commit spiritual fornication with many strangers , with Wiclefist the Dulcimist , &c. And in the next he auoucheth , that a Hus & Hierom tooke their heresies frō Wiclef . And once againe he termeth the Protestant Germās b new Wiclefists . What an opinion of this man I. Hus had , may be fully seen by that wish of his , wherin he praied , c that he might there be where the soul of Wiclef was . Now what Wiclef did teach , may be easily gathered , if by nothing else , yet by the deadly hatred which the Romanistes did carrie towards him . The Councell of Constance did define him to be an Heretike long after his death , & commanded that his bones should be taken vp & burnt . Also Pope Iohn 23. in a general Councell at Rome , did before that time condemne him for an heretike ; which the Hussites did but laugh at : but no man had a harder conceit of him then Cochl . who sticketh not to affirme , that he thinketh that f the torments of Wiclefe are greater in hell , then those of Iudas , or Nero. If God almightie had no better opinion of him , the man were in an ill case . But the best is , this cholerick Criticke is not the Iudge of all the world . He was angry belike , in behalfe of Transubstantiation , concerning which he citeth this article of Wiclefe : There was neuer a greater heresie , then that which putteth the Accident without a Subiect in the Eucharist . But hee might haue named more points , wherein that holy man did differ from the Church of Rome . The Councel of Constāce picketh out 45. articles of his Positions , which the learned Reader may find there . Yet doubtles many of them are falsly reported , which is a matter common with enemies of the truth , to peruert & misconster , that so they may more freely defame . There was one Wilh . Wideford , who tooke on him to answer 18. articles said to bee Wiclefs , whence a man may gathersome of his doctrine . But that all things there said against him were not true , may wel be obserud out of the same answere , declaring that he had many things concerning Wiclef ; but only by a a fame and report , and that is not the most certaine relater . What positions indeed he held , may be seen in M. Fox , reporting his life and actions , as also in Catalogo testium veritatis . And those who be not learned , may esteem of thē by the doctrine of Io Hu● before rehearsed , who by the testimony of the Papists themselues , as I haue shewed , maintained the opinions of Wiclef . Now that this worthy Champion & Preacher of the Gospel of Iesus Christ went not alone , but had many English men and women , who in his life time , & after his death beleeued as he beleeued , and professed as he professed , is in the next place to be shewed . Among the chiefe of his fautours , were Iohn of Gant , ( as Parsons the Iesuite confesseth ) and Lord Henry Percy ; the one of them Duke of Lancaster , the other Marshall of England . M. Fox citeth out a Register of the Archb. of Canterbury , a Mandate that the Conclusions of Wiclefe were preached in diuers and sundry places of the Archbishops Prouince , generally , commonly , and publikely . The same also is manifested by a letter of the Archbishop to the Bishop of Lōdon ; and in a Monition directed to Oxford , where it is said , that certain Conclusions hereticall and erronious were generally and commonly preached and published in diuers places of the Prouince of Canterbury . There be extant also Letters of king Richard 2. directly signifying so much . But there is nothing which may more amply testifie the spreading of his doctrine , then an Act of Parliament in the beginning almost of that young Kings dayes , where it is related , that there were diuers Preaching dayly , not onely in Churches and Church-yardes , but also in markets , faires , & other open places , where as great congregation of people is , diuers Sermons containing heresies , and notorious errours . This putteth me in minde of a written book which once I saw , being a Chronicle compiled by a Monk of Leicester Abby ; who , writing of the time of the said King , reporteth at large , that the people in faires and markets , and riding by the way , and almost euery where , would talke of the Scripture , and reprooue the customes of that time , as also the Priests ; to the exceeding great trouble and offence of the Clergie . This they might the rather do out of the Word of God , because the Scriptures were then translated into English , as may bee seene by diuerse Copies written and remaining vnto this day , supposed to be so turned by Wicklef . And it is very probable , that in Leicester shire there were many of those of whom the Monk Leicestrensis spake , since , at Lutterworth a Towne in that County , Iohn Wicklef was beneficed . But the greatest part of this learned mans abode was at the first in the Vniuersitie of Oxford , where hee was both a Doctor and Reader in Diuinity ; and therefore is to bee conceiued to haue many learned men partaking with him in his opinions . Master Fox saith ( out of the Chronicle of S. Albanes ) , that hee had a Benefice in Oxford ; of which he was depriued by Simon Sudbury , Arch-Bishop of Canterbury . It may bee , this was nothing else but the Mastership or chiefe Gouernors place in Bailioll Colledge ; which I am perswaded that hee had , since there are yet two antient Writings in the treasury of that Colledge ( which I haue seene ) , which were made in the name of Iohn Wicklef , Master of that house , and that in the daies of King Richard the Second . But while he liued , he had so many fauourers in that Vniuersity , as that Master Robert Rigges Vice-Chancelor , and the two Proctors , took part with him ; as also Nicholas Herford , Philip Repington and Iohn Ashton , Preachers and Batchelors of Diuinity , and grew into great question for his cause : where Repington in the end beeing Doctor , did slippe from him . Yea , so farre was his doctrine there spred , that Pope Gregorie the Eleuenth , in the yeere 1378 , did direct his B●ll to the Vniuersity of Oxford against the Doctrine and Articles of that learned man , euen Rome it selfe ringing of his opinions in that Vniuersity . Neither did his Followers dye when he himselfe died . But long after that , Pope Gregory the twelfth did direct downe another Bull to Oxford against Wicklef ; in which he vsed the same words which his Predecessors had , that is to say , that Wicklef did follow the doctrine of Marsilius of Padua , and of Iohn of Gandune of vnworthy memory : Which speech is worth the marking ; to shew , that this man also had his Predecessors . The Copie of this latter Bull is to bee seene in the Booke which that worthy louer of Antiquities , Master Hare , gaue to our Vniuersity : where also is to bee seene in the Constitution of a Prouinciall Councell , celebrated at Oxford , a sharp Inquisition decreed by Thomas Arundel Archbishop of Canterbury , against all , euen the heads of Colledges and Halles , and others suspected of Lollardy and Wicleuisme . They might well suppose , that the Students of that place were entertainers of such doctrine , since about that very time a testimoniall was giuen in their Congregation house vnder seale , in fauour of Iohn Wicklef : where these words are among other ; God forbid , that our Prelates should haue condemned a man of such honesty for an Heretick . And yet in the Councell of Constance hee was condemned for such a one , forty yeeres after that he was dead and buried . But all would not serue to extirpate his Bookes or memory out of our Vniuersity : but euen in the daies of King Edward the Fourth , there were new letters directed to the Gouernors of that place , by the King himselfe , to make search for his Bookes , and to burne them . I haue in my custody a faire antient Record of that Vniuersity : which , by meanes of a good friend , I haue gained back to this place . And therein is a solemne Letter directed from the Conuocation of Doctors and Masters , to the King ; te●tifying , that according to their Soueraigns Commandement , they had with accurate diligence searched out the Bookes and Tracts of Wicklef himselfe , and of Reginald Pecock , and had burnt them . So much adoe was it , and that in so long a space , to suppresse the head whereunto Wicklefs doctrine was growne in the famous Vniuersity of Oxford . How elsewhere in this Kingdome , his positions were spred , may be easily collected out of Geffry Chaucer : who , dying about the yeere 1400 , may rightly be supposed to haue liued while Ioh. Wicklef liued . This Chaucer , who wanted neither wit nor learning , did at * large paint-out the pride , lasciuious , vicious , and intolerable behauior of the Pope , Cardinals and Clergy , euen applying the name of Antichrist diuers times vnto the Romane Bishop , and saying , that There were many in those daies of the speakers minde ; yea , finding fault with their faith , aswell as with their manners . The whole tale is wel worth the reading : but I will cite onely a few verses . Peter was neuer so great a foole , To leaue his * Key with such a * lorell , Or take such cursed such a toole , He was aduised nothing well : I trow they haue the key of hell : Their master is of that place Marshall : For there they dressen hem to dwell , And with false Lucifer there to fall : They beene as proud as Lucifer , As angry , and as enuious : From good faith they beene full farre , In couetize they beene curious . To catch cattaile , as couetous As hound , that for hunger will yall : Vngodly and vngracious And needily such falshod shall fool fall . This and a hundred times as much , he expresseth in a simple plough mans person ; as euidently inferring , that the husbandman & meanest country body of that time , by the reading and hearing of the Word of God , could tell what was right and religious , and what otherwise ; yea , and complaine of the blindnesse , and impiety of the Romanists in that age . But if wee would be aduertised , what euen Lay-men in those times could doe , let vs looke into the Declarations of Walter Bruite , who was in question for his opinion , before the Bishop of Hereford , in the yeere 1393 , and gaue vp a a little booke , containing those t●●ngs which he maintained . The true copy of that treatise is yet extant , and deserueth to bee read . There wee may finde these and the like positions : that Bread remaineth in the Sacraments after Consecration ; that The Pope is Antichrist ; that Nothing is to be beleeued , but what may bee confirmed out of the Scriptures ; that The Pope is the Idoll of desolation , sitting in the Temple of God ; that Antichrist is not to come of the Tribe of Dan , neither onely to raigne three yeeres and a halfe : that The Citie Apoc. 17 , is Rome ; that Our Iustification is freely by faith alone ; that The doctrine of the Pope differeth from that of Christ ; that Miracles are no assurance of truth ; that Men are not rashly to bee reputed Saints ; that The Pope hath not power beyond other Bishops , neither is the Head of the Church ; that Papists mistake the keys of binding & loosing ; that Infants dying before Baptisme , are not therefore damned ; that Auricular Confession is not prescribed in the Scripture ; that The Canon Lawe is ill grounded ; that The Pope deceiueth men in his pardons ; that Absolution is to be sought at the hands of God onely ; that The Priests vse vaine prayers in the Masses ; that Exorcismes and holy water are vnlawfull ; that Priests doe sinne , who bargaine to sing for the soules of men departed ; that Religious men and women are deuourers of widowes houses ; that Selling of orders and dirges is naught ; that The Pope is the beast with the two hornes like the Lamb , while he challengeth the double sword ; that He seeketh to bee worshipped as God ; that Dux Cleri doth make vp the number 666 ; that Worshipping of Images is idolatry ; that Temporall goods may be taken from the Clergie offending . There was a great Papist , one William Wideford , whom before I mentioned , who giueth testimony to this Treatise of Bruite , whom hee calleth Waltherus Britta in Latine ; and writing against Wicklef , maketh twise mention of a booke of his owne , sent to the Bishop of Hereford ( Dominum Erfordensem he calleth him ) in confutation of the book of Walter Bruite . While I write these things , I cannot but think vpon the audacious absurdnes of an ignorāt popish Doctor ; who blusheth not to vtter , that it is most manifest , that All in England were Papists , without exception , from the first christening thereof , vntill this age of King Henry the Eight . He is doubtless an honest man , and worthie to bee trusted on his word . It is not onely manifest , but most manifest , not that the greatest part , but all ; yea , and because it shall not be scanted , all without exception , were Papists , &c. Were Iohn Wicklefs bones burnt , because he was a Papist ? And were the Bulls of the pope denounced against him for that cause ? And were the Arch-bishop Arundels constitutions against his Followers so seuere , because they were Papists ? The man is to be pitied for his simplicity . A man may know by the Lawes , Proclamations , Letters and Proceedings by the State , against some as against Hereticks , as also by the records of Bishops yet extant ; and by the manifold executions and burnings afterward , that euen in that deepe time of ignorance , England did giue most noble testimony of Christs truth against Popery ; euen so farre , as to the fiery triall . If the Christian Reader peruse the Ecclesiasticall History of Master Fox , hee shall finde , how before the Councel , William Sawtree a Priest was burnt , & after him Iohn Badby ; & that because they were Wickleuists or Lollards ( as they then called them ) , and not because they were Papists . There are the reasons also and asseuerations of Puruey and Thorpe against Poperie , with diuers other matters . And is it not to be thought , that the Hereticks increased , when a Synod was assembled in S. Paul's Church at London , into the which came twelue Inquisitors , who in a former Synod were appointed to sift and scan the writings of Wicklef , wherein they found 246. Conclusions ; all which they supposed to be heresie ? But it is plaine , that in the first yeere of King Henry the Fift , diuers were put to death as Lollards . Afterward the Lord Cobham was hanged , for a shew , as if hee had beene a kinde of Traytor : but hee was then also burnt as a reputed Heretick . So was one Iohn Claydon , for his Conscience , consumed to ashes . Not long after the comming of Henry the Sixt to the Kingdome , besides diuers which were questioned and much troubled about religion , Taylor and White , two Priests , and Houeden a Citizen of London , were burnt : and some other followed afterward . Neither did the daies of King Edward the Fourth , and of King Henry the Seuenth , escape without the Martyrdome of sundry English , yeelding vp their liues for Iesus Christ his sake , and for the profession of the truth : The particular Stories of whom may bee found in the Author aboue-named . The Clergy of those times did beare much sway with their Princes , and left no meanes vnsought , no stone vnturned , to keepe vp the dignity and preeminence of their romish Hierarchy , and the superstitious Idolatry which then was in vse . Now , if in the Raigne of all these Princes , so many were slaughtered for the testimony of a good conscience , how many weake brethren were there , who made not open profession of their faith ? & how many did there lie hid , diuers of them in probability hauing confederates , and some of them beeing Priests , and therfore not vnlikely to haue learning both to confirme themselues in the truth , and such others as heard them ? Thus haue I both in England and else-where brought vp the doctrine of the Gospell , vntill the time of Iohn Wicklef , who flourished in the yeere 1371. Heer it may please the Reader to remember , that the iudgement ( before cited ) of two Popes , was , that Wicklef taught the doctrine of Marsilius of Padua , & of Iohn of G●●dune . Of the later of these there yet appeareth no monument written ; but he ioined in opinion with the former . But as for Marsilius Patauinus , our Aduersaries cannot but acknowledge him to be a very learned man , after the measure of the age wherein he liued , which was in the yeere 1324. He wrote a Book against the vsurped power of the Bishop of Rome ; which argument he entred into , in behalfe of the Emperour Lewes of Bauiere , who was mightily layd-at by three Popes successiuely . There the Authour auoweth , as right and iust , the supreme authoritie of the Emperour , displaying the iniquity of the Popes vsurpation ouer Christian Princes , and generall Councels : The book is worth the reading , to see Whether all in times past did allow of the Popes doctrine and proceedings ; or not : his opinions are these ; I that The Pope is not superiour to other Bishops , and much lesse to the Emperour and ciuill Magistrates ; 2 that Things are to be decided by the Scripture ; 3 that Learned men of the Laity haue voices in Councels ; 4 that The Clergie and Pope himself are to be subiect to Magistrates ; 5 that The Church is the whole company of the faithfull ; 6 that Christ is the foundation and Head of the Church ; and appointed no one to be his Vicar ; 7 that priests may be maried ; 8 that Saint Peter was neuer at Rome ; 9 that The Popish Synagogue is a denne of theeues ; 10 that The Doctrine of the Pope is not to be followed , because it leads to euerlasting destruction . In the time of this Marsilius , liued the noble Poet ●●ente , who wrote also a booke against the pope , concerning the Monarchy of the Emperour : but , for taking part with Lewes Bauiere , he was condemned for an Heretike , and his book as hereticall . Then also wrote Occam directly to the same purpose : but for his labour therein , and his large reproofe of the Papacie in other points , hee was excommunicated by the Romane Bishop : which he so much contemned , that hee not vnwillingly dyed vnder that Sentence . About that time were heer and there dispersed sundry godly men , who saw more than the common sort touching religion ; as Hayabalus a Minorite , who frequently said in his Sermons , that The Church of Rome was the whore of Babylon , and that the Pope and his Cardinals were meere Antichrists : which propositions were held somewhat before also by Gerhardus and Dulcinus , two learned men . This Dulcinus may bee thought to haue many followers , since Cochleus could say , that Iohn Hus committed spirituall fornication with the Wickleuists and with the Dulcinists . The same opinions concerning the Pope and Rome , did that rare man , Franciscus Petrarcha , seeme fully to embrace , as may appeare to any who will reade his workes , howsoeuer Cardinall Bellarmine labour to make the world beleeue otherwise , beeing desirous to haue vs thinke , that Petrarch spake not against the Pope , but some abuses in the Court of Rome . And to make it plaine , that it was not a slight conceipt , or onely in a few , that The Pope was Antichrist , and Rome was Babylon , Apo. 17. God stird vp yet more in that age , who proclaimed the same matter ; as , Petrus Iohannes Biraensis , or Piranensis , who was a Minorite ; and for teaching so , was digged vp after that he was dead ; and his body , after the Sentence of Clement the Sixt , was burnt . A few yeeres after him , did Iohannes de Rupe-sciss● , a Monk , teach the same doctrine ; which , as euery man may ghesse , doth ruinate the Papacy in euery respect . Iohannes Gerson came not so farre , but saw in his age many horrible abuses of the Church of Rome , and in his writing spake liberally of it . And it did bite deepe , when hee disputed , that the Pope might bee taken away safely from the Church , and yet no danger follow of it . But let vs now goe a little higher . I mentioned before , how Cochleus saith , that Iohn . H●s took his doctrine from the Wickleuists and the Dulcinists . Heare , I pray you , what he saith : Hus did commit spirituall fornication with many aliens ; with the Wickleuists , the Dulcinists , with the Leonists , the Waldenses , the Albingenses , and other of that sort , enemies of the Church of Rome . These Leonists or poor-men of Lyons , and Waldenses , and Albingenses , were the same men , but diuersly , on diuers occasiōs , tearmed by the Roman Synagogue which hated them . Their opinion then did Hus maintain . AEneas Syluius doth also witnesse the same ; affirming , that the Hussites did embrace the opinions of the Waldenses . There you may see , that their doctrine was against the Primacy of the Pope , Purgatory , and such like matters . Genebrard , who saith , that these Waldenses began , Anno 1170. or , as some other will , 1218. rehearseth out of Syluius these opinions of theirs ; that Prayers for the dead , and Purgatory fire , are an inuention of the Priests couetousnesse ; that Holy Images are to be defaced ; that Confirmation and Extreme Vnction are no Sacraments ; that Auricular Confession is a trifling thing . Hee who list , may see a great many more of their positions agreeing with the doctrine which we teach : which may well also be gathered from the Iesuites themselues . For , that is the cause that Bellarmine ioyneth these together as Hereticks ; the Berengarians , the Petrobrusians , the Waldenses , the Albingenses , the Wickleuists , the Hussites , the Lutherans , &c. And Lewes Richcome , another of that Society , in his defence of the Masse against the Lord Plessis , saith , that The Ministers , for the confirming of their figuratiue sense in This is my body , haue none for their Doctors , for their Antients , for their Fathers , but Berengarius , Zuinglius , Caluin , Carolastadius , Wicklef , the Albingenses , the Waldenses . These Waldenses then and Albingenses are ours , by the confession of our Aduersaries ; and of these long agone there were no small company . For , as Du Haillan , in the life of Philip the Third , King of France , speaketh ; being driuen from Lyons in France , they withdrew themselues into Lombardy : where they so multiplied , that their doctrine began to spread through Italy , and came as farre as Sicily . As the same Author writeth , Philippus Augustus came to his Kingdome , Anno 1180. which is now more then foure hundred yeeres since : and in his time it was , that the Albingenses did so increase in France , that the Pope and Princes adioyning were afraid of their number . Hee who readeth the Story of them , shall see that they are reported to haue held many grosse , wicked , and absurd opinions mingled with their true Doctrine . But Du Haillan the best and iudicious Chronicler of France , and no partiall witnesse in our behalfe ( since his profession touching Religion , was such , that hee was imployed to write that Story by King Henry the third ) , had not so little wit , but that he perceiued those imputations to bee laid on them in odium , and of purpose to procure their defamation . See how wisely hee speaketh truth and his conscience ; and yet so coucheth it , that his fellowes might not bee iustly offended at his words . Although , saith hee , these Albingenses had euill opinions , yet so it is , that these did not stir vp the hate of the Pope and of great Princes against them so much , as their liberty of speech did , wherewith they vsed to blame the vices and dissolutenesse of the said Princes and of the Clergie , yea , to tax the vices and actions of the Popes . This was the principall point which brought them into vniuersall hatred , and which charged them with more euil opinions then they had . Now first , that they were not men infamous , either for their vile opinions or filthy conuersation ; and secondly , that they were not onely base and poore people , it is euident by this , that so many noble and worthy men took part with them , yea , to the aduenturing of their liues in their company , and for their behalfe ; as the Counts or Earles of Tholouse , of Coninges , of Bigorr , of Carmain , yea , the King of Arragon . And when Raymund , the Earle of Tholouse , was for his beliefe excommunicated by the Pope , and a Croisado was proclaimed against him and the Albingenses , as if they had beene Saracens or Infidels , not onely the Counties of Foix and Coninges came with all their strength to assist Raymund , but Alphonsus , the King of Arragon , came in his owne person to his succour , as beeing his kinsman and his friend . And when all these were met together ; the report is , saith Du Haillan , that the Armie of these Hereticks did consist of about the number of one hundred thousand fighting men . These things beeing thus discouered by men of your owne part ; bee ashamed , you Papists , and blush to spread among your simple and credulous Followers , that neuer men did as we doo , nor beleeued as wee beleeue , before Luther's time ; but that all Christendome formerly liked of the papisticall doctrine and proceedings . But because you shall heare one testimony further touching these Albingenses and Waldenses , how honest and truely religious they were , I will cite what one Reinerius , a man who did hate them , and was ( as it is supposed ) an Inquisitor against them , reported concerning them , now 300 yeers ago , or thereabout . Thus then , among much other matter , he saith of them : There were many Sects of Hereticks long ago : among all which Sects that are or were , there is not one more pernicious to the Church of God , than that of the poore men of Lyons , for three causes . First , because it is of longer continuance : some say , that it hath endured from the time of Syluester : others say , that from the time of the Apostles . The second is , because it is more generall : for , there is almost no Land into which this Sect doth not creep . The third , that whereas all other , by the immanity of their blasphemies against God , doo make men abhorre them ; this of the Lyonists , hauing a great shew of godlinesse , because they doo liue iustly before men , and doo beleeue all things well of God , and all the Articles which are contained in the Creed , onely the Church of Rome they doo blaspheme and hate : which the multitude is easie to beleeue . And as Sampson ' s Foxes had their faces seueral waies , but their tails tied one to another : so Hereticks are diuerse in Sects among themselues , but in the impugning of the Church they are vnited . There can hardly be found a more honourable testimony out of the mouth or penne of a bitter and bloudy Aduersary as he was , who wrote this & much more concerning those good seruants of God. We shall not need to ascend any higher , since hee giueth witnes of the antiquity of their profession long before his time : which otherwise to make plain , is as easie , as to deliuer that which hitherto I haue spoken . And it is not to bee conceiued , that Petrus Waldo ( of whom the Waldenses tooke their name at Lyons ) had his doctrine from no body , but that of himselfe he attained to his owne knowledge , since he was not deeply learned . Berengarius indeed was onely called in question for denying Transubstantiation in the Sacrament ; but it may well bee thought , that in something else he dissented from the Church of Rome : and albeit by his owne weaknes , and the importunity of the Clergie , he yeelded once or twice to recant and abiure the true doctrine which hee held , yet hee had many scholars , who by his example would not bee driuen from the right beleef which they had apprehended . These scholars were in France in great numbers , and in diuerse other lands : and Genebrard cannot conceal it , but that about the yeer of our Lord 1088 , Basilius the Monk did set on foot again the errour of Berengarius . And might not the doctrine of both these bee sucked from Bertram , who wrote so learnedly and so directly out of the Scriptures and Fathers against the reall presence and Transubstantiation , that the Index expurgatorius cannot tel what to make of him ? But the Bishop of Eureux , vnder the name of Henry Constable , tearmeth him The great fore-runner of all the Sacramentaries : and Richcome the Iesuit disclaimeth him plainly as a Sacramentarie Heretick . Then Caluin and Zuinglius were not the first who gain-said transubstantiation . Before our ascending thus high , we might tell you of Saint Bernard : whom although it is likely , at the first dash , you will challenge as your owne ; yet , when you haue well aduised on him , you may let him goe again : for , albeit hee had his errours , which he suckt from the age wherein he liued , and we may not in all things subscribe to his iudgement , but say of him , as commonly it is spoken , Bernardus non vidit omnia ; yet wee finde in him saniorem partem , a liberall profession of many good & sound points agreeable to the Gospell . Hee , for a fashion , acknowledgeth many matters to be in the Pope , and giueth him greater titles than any Papist can iustifie ; but it is , by such insinuation , to win him more attention frō Eugenius : and then , hauing procured liberty , or rather taken it to himself , he schooleth and lessoneth the Pope plainly ; shewing , that he liked not of their ordinary courses , neither did hee repute him to haue that preeminence or prerogatiue which his Parasites did allow him . But , touching the matter of merit by good works , for iustification alone by Christ , of free-will , for certain assurance of saluation in the death and by the strength of our Sauiour , and for disliking then the vile life of the Clergie , how cleer , how learned , how copious is hee ! These things wee teach together with him ; and , notwithstanding his other slips , we doubt not but his soule doth rest with the Lord , God pardoning vnto him his errours and his ignorances ; which hee , being carried with the stream of that Time ; did neuer discusse , but took them as they were deliuered to him , without scanning or examining . And to this good hope we are firmly induced by that Saying of Saint Paul ; Other Foundation can no man lay , but that which is laid , which is Iesus Christ : and if any man build on this Foundation , gold , siluer , precious stones , timber , hay or stubble , euery mans work shall bee made manifest : for , the day shall declare it , because it shall be reuealed by fire ; and the fire shall try euery mans work of what sort it is . If any mans work that he hath built-vpon , abide , he shall receiue wages : if any mans workburn , he shall lose , but he shall be safe himself . He held the Foundation of iustification onely by faith in Christ ; and that our best deeds are but via Regni , non causa regnandi ; the way to the Kingdome , not the cause of raigning : and for that cause , we doubt not but his soule is safe , though his hay and stubble of praying to Saints , and such other stuffe as cannot endure the fire of the holy Ghost's triall , doo burn and consume . And this is our iudgement touching many other both before and after the time of Saint Bernard ; that , holding Christ the Foundation aright , and groning vnder the heauy burden of humane traditions , satisfaction , and other popish trash , they , by a generall repentance from their errors and lapses knowne and vnknowne , and by an assured faith in their Sauiour , did finde fauour with the Lord. Such as these were we hold to be God's good seruants , to bee of the number of the Elect ; and , propter sanioren et meliorem partem , for their sounder and better part , to bee of that Church , whereof we are to be members ; of that body , whereof ( by the grace of Christ ) we are a portion . And in this respect our settled and resolued iudgement is , that when it is asked , Where our Church in former Ages was ; we may , besides that which we haue formerly answered , truly say , that it was in England , in France , in Spaine , in Italy , yea , in Rome it selfe : Spiritus vbi vult spirat , the holy Ghost breatheth where it pleaseth : for who cannot conceiue by the writings of many in former Ages , or by such touches as others doe giue concerning them , that diuers , who liued neerest the Whore of Babylon , did most detest her abomination ; and , finding that the weaknes and impurity of her doctrine could not truely satisfie the hungry and thirsty soule , did , according to that knowledge which Christ out of his Word reuealed vnto them , seek some means which was not ordinarily professed in that Time ? And if it be asked , Who they were , and how they could lie hid from the world ? It may truly be answered , that their case was like the case of them in the daies of Elias , who were not knowne to that State which would haue persecuted them . Now , why should not wee think , but as God had his secret and inuisible company at that time , in that most idolatrous Countrey : so , in the time of the deepest darknesse , hee had those which saw light ; his Christian Children , among Antichrists Brood ; such as embraced true Religion ; among the superstitious ? So that Italy , and Rome , and these Westerne parts , had some of Gods Saints in all Ages , who , like Sea-fish , most fresh in the salt water , and beeing remoued in their affections , though not in their persons , did with Lot vex their righteous soules in the middest of a spiritual Sodom , and kept themselues vnspotted of the world . And yet it is not to bee taken , that wee coarctate the Church within those Prouinces onely which looked towards the See of Rome ; but know , that God had thousands of his Elect elsewhere . Christians haue bin in India , euen by perpetuall descent , from the daies of the Apostles ; and so in Africa among the Abissines , in infinite and huge companies ; besides such as haue continued in Armenia , Asia the lesser , Aegypt , but especially in the Greeke Church , which was neuer so much as in shew extinguished ; and from whom the Russians and Muscouites had their Faith. Our Popish Lads would gladly shut all these out of Christs Fold , because they acknowledge not the Bishop of Rome for their Vniuersall Pastor : but wee should doe wrong to Almighty God , to pinne his iudgement vpon the Popes sleeue , and to offer to pull from him so many ample Churches ; whereas charity and common sense might put vs in minde , that he might there haue thousands throughout all Ages . Looke to these places , ye Papists , and imagine , that if there had beene none but these ; yet the words of the Scripture , which in generality speake of a Spouse , had beene true : and Christ had there had his body on earth , and the Church had not beene vtterly extinguished , if neither we nor the Synagogue of Rome had beene extant . But in as much as it cannot be denied , but that the prophesies concerning Antichrist , doe most touch the Westerne world , Rome beeing by the holy Ghost euidently designed to bee the seat of the Whore of Babylon , as also because our Romish Standard-bearers are more willing to talke of those parts then of any other , I will once returne againe to the Countreys neere adioyning . Then , in some parts of Christendome , how many men were there in all ages , who loathed both the See of Rome , and the whole courses of it , as the Israelites did loath the Aegyptians bondage ? Mathew Paris alone giueth as many notable experiments that way , as relating the Acts of the Emperour Frederick , who put out diuers declarations in detestation of the Pope ; and adding elsewhere , further of his owne , that Pope Gregory did absolue from the oath of fealty , all who were bound vnto the Emperor ; perswading them , that they should be faithfull in vnfaithfulnesse , obedient in disobedience . But so much deserued the Romane Churches lewdnesse , which is to be execrated of all men , that the Popes authority did merit to bee harkened vnto by few or none . He reporteth also of a certain Carthusian Monk at Cambridge , who cryed out against the Pope , and said , that Hee was an Heretick , and that the Churches were profaned ; and of Robert Grosthead , Bishop of Lincolne , who was a man both holy and learned in his time . This Lincolniensis , while he liued , had many combates with the Bishop of Rome , and openly resisted his barbarous tyranny in domineering so farre in England , as to enioyne prouision of the best Benefices to be taken vp for Italian Boyes ; which for a Prebend in his Church of Lincolne , hee would not yeeld vnto ; and for that cause was by the Pope excommunicated . But when hee was dying , hee most bitterly inueighed against the Romane Bishop and the Ecclesiasticall persons , as the most wicked men that did liue . In the same Author you may also finde the conceit which the most reuerend Arch-bishop of York , Sewaldus , had of them and their proceedings . What should I mention Ioachim , who said , that in his time Antichrist was already born , and was in the City of Rome ? or that Bishop of Florence , who liued about the yeer 1100 , and did vse to say , that Antichrist was then in the world ? Which moued Pope Paschalis so much , as that hee thought fit to enquire of him in a Councell , and did there castigate him for it . Notable in this kinde are the Contentions of Philippus Pulcher ▪ the King of France , and his whole Clergy , against Boniface the Eightth . I might adde to these , Petrus de Brus , and many other learned men , who laid the Axe to the very Root of Popery , and some in set Treatises oppugned one of their documents , and some assaulted other ; but that the Writer of the Catalogus testium veritatis , as it is lately enlarged , and Master Fox , and Master Bale , and diuers other , haue largely handled this ▪ to the reading of whose Bookes , I doe referre them who in particular desire to bee more aduertised in this behalfe . Now , if these things doe appeare much by their own witnesse , and by the confession of Papists themselues , as also by such few Records , as ( by Gods prouidence so disposing ) doe yet remaine ; how many illustrious arguments might there haue beene of the Confession of our faith , if the Clergy and Magistracy of those darke times had not burned and suppressed all things which made against them , as I shewed before , touching the Bookes of Iohn Wickles & Reinald Pecock in Oxford ? The Clergy in those dayes did almost rule all : and they had the custody of all Libraries , to ransack at their pleasure , or to put in and pull out : and they had power to search poore mens houses , and to destroy what was thought fit by them to bee destroyed . But God , who would not haue his truth vtterly burned or buried in ashes , suffred a remnant to remaine , yea , and that in England ; albeit Potydor Virgil , with an Italian trick of his owne , did heer consume and destroy many worthy and antient Monuments . By this time , I may wel suppose , that some vehement Papist is euen ready to swell , with his belly full of exceptions against these things heer said . And first he will begin & say , that we rake together , as the Ancestors and forerunners of our faith , such as were notorious Hereticks ; as Wicklef , or Hus , or the Waldenses , men condemned by Popes or generall Councels : and Hereticks , as Campian telleth vs , are the dregges , and the bellows , and the fewell of hell . These , as our Papists commonly say , are already fire-brands of hell , and frying there in flames . It is no rare matter with the Synagogue of Rome , to pronounce such Sentences as these are . Our Rhemists , by their Consistoriall or Imperiall Decree , haue defined , that Caluin and Verone are not onely Hereticks , but Reprobates , for writing so as they haue done , touching the Article of Predestination : Yea , they call Master Beza , a Reprobare also , although hee were then aliue , and long after too ; how ●oeuer the Iesuites some few yeeres since , did , by a most ridiculous pamphlet or other newes , spread it in France and Italy , that hee was then dead , and that dying had recanted his Religion , and was returned to the Romish faith ; which also Geneua did by his example . It is no newes with Iesuites to lie , and therefore Master Beza must beare with them ; and so had he neede to doe with the Rhemists also , who got hastily into Gods Chaire , and there concluded him to bee a Reprobate . But indeed these good Christians before-named , of whom many lost their liues for the maintenance of Gods truth , were Hereticks in such a manner , as Christ was said to bee a blasphemer ; who indeed was both called so , and condemned to bee such a one , by the counsell of the high Priests , Scribes and Rulers of the Synagogue . We doe not beleeue , that a●l those are Hereticks , whom your Papists will so call or account : for , you giue vs that name , which , maugre your malice , you shall neuer bee able to proue against vs. They are truely orthodox and right Catholiques , who teach nothing but that whereof they haue euident warrant out of the Word of God. And this wee haue , as hath beene oft shewed by men of our side , and in that question wee are ready at all times to iump with you , for any part or all the Doctrine wee professe . With Saint Paul therefore wee say , that , After the way that you call heresie , so worship wee the God of our Fathers . The same which you maliciously and pres●mptuously tearm schisme and heresie , is that , whereupon , vnder our blessed Sauiour , wee rest our soules ; and by the Confession thereof , wee hope to bee saued in the day of the generall Iudgement . Do not you therfore take that for granted , which is so highly questioned betwixt vs and you ; but rather , if you can prooue our Prof●ssion to bee hereticall , by Gods grace we shall not shrink at any of your biggest obiections . Yea , but say you further , The Writers which make mention of these your Predecessors , doo brand them with the holding of some most grosse and damnable doctrine , which you your selues will not auouch . My answer is , that wee our selues doo easily beleeue so much : for , did malice , I pray you , euer say well ? The Apostles were at more times , and in more places than one , charged with many accusations ; which yet , in truth , were but calumniations : The old Christians in the Primitiue Church were slandered , to vse incestuous company each with other , like Oedipus , and to eat vp mans flesh at the banquet of Thyestes ; yea , their owne * seruants for fear were induced to lay such matters to their charge . Athanasius was accused to haue cut off ones hand : and a harlot to his face would haue calumniated him to haue committed fornication with her . This practice was neuer more liberally frequented , than by the enemies of the Gospell in the late daies of Popery . You may remember what I cited before out of Du Haillan , concerning matters falsely obiected to the Albingenses . There is extant an excursitory Oration of the Waldenses ; wherein they say , that , for that their faith which they were ready to iustifie , they were condemned , iudged , captiuated , and afflicted ; and afterward that they were called Hereticks : but in their Confession they haue it directly ; Of these criminations whereof we are blamed of tentimes , we are nothing at all guilty . The Pope and his Chaplains were fell & furious against them , because they did bite so neer : and therefore , to disgrace them both in present and to posterity , they held it fit , that by speech , preaching and writing , it should be divulgated , that they taught monstrous blasphemies ; that by that meanes the credulous people might be preiudicate ; and so not onely frighted from hearkning to them , but bee much the readier to ioyne in the prosecution of them to prison and to death . But what they indeed held , is declared before . When Iohn Hus was at the Councell of Constance , hee did openly call God to witnes , that Hee did neither preach nor teach those things which his Aduersaries did obiect against him , neither that they euer came into his minde . Neither is it to be maruelled , that they did load his scholars with the like false accusations , when their malice was such towards them , as that they burnt many thousands of them in Barnes : which was done by the treachery of one Mainardus . In other places the Romanists haue still held the same course of slandering : which caused the Protestants to professe in the Diet at Augusta , that Diuers opinions were falsely reported vp and down , which wrongfully were fathered on them ; and that those were not only estranged from the holy Scriptures , but that they were abhorrent euen from common sense . And is it not probable , that long since , when much darknesse did couer the face of the earth , that few had grace to perceiue their dooings , and fewer had authority to question their doctrine , the Pope-holy Clergie , which hated the true gospellers with all their harts , would pay them with vile & odious reports ; when in this Age , wherein God hath affoorded more plentifull meanes to discouer their false-hoods , they doo dare , not onely in their Sermons , or in their secreter whisperings , but in their printed books , to proclaim abroad concerning vs , most false and vngodly calumniations and imputations ; as , that wee doo teach all loosenesse of life and libertinisme by this our new Gospell ; that we maintain , that All sinnes are equall ; that we hold it as a Maxime , that God is the Author of sinne ; and whatsoeuer it pleaseth Master Campian and his Fellowes to inuent and deuise touching vs : whereas we vtterly disclaim these and the like positions , as execrable and vngodly ; yea , that Mounti-bank , which once before I mentioned , hath not blushed to asseuere , that we so teach , as that by our doctrine the Protestants are bound in conscience , neuer to ask God forgiuenesse of their sinnes ; and that They are bound in conscience to auoid all good works ; as also , that We make God the only cause of sinnes ; and hold , that God is worse than the diuell . So shamelesse was this fellow growne , that hee neither knoweth nor careth what hee saith : and yet many a poor Papist , abused and gulled by the diuels deceiuing instruments , doth swallow such Gudgeons , and runneth away with these things ; beeing as verily perswaded of them , as that the gospel is true . Such a hand the seminary Priests haue ouer their disciples , that they may not read our Books , to see whether these obiections be true or no ; neither may they hear ought to the contrary . Now , if they thus vse vs , who can speak for our selues ; will any man maruell , that those who professed the Verity two or three hundred yeers since , doo taste of the malignant aspersions of those Times ? The Romanists , notwithstanding all this which hath been said , doo not yet so leaue vs ; but once more further adde , that none of all those which hitherto haue been named , or can be named , but in some knowne , consessed , and vndoubted opinions , did vary from you : and therefore they and you may not bee said to bee all of one Church . Our Masters of Rhemes doo think , that this lieth hardly vpon vs : and therefore thus vauntingly they vrge ; that They will not put the Protestants to prooue , that there were 7000 of their Sect , when their new Elias Luther began : but let them proue , that there were seuen , or any one , either then , or in all ages before him , that was in all points of his belief . What the old Fathers taught , we may haue time heerafter to shew : but for other of later time , it is most easie to manifest , that all those whom before I haue named , did generally , for all main matters , teach the same that we now doo teach . There is no Papist , who can truely , and without calumniating them , or faining things vpon them , demonstrate , that in causes which touch the substance of faith , or the foundation of Christian Religion , they did dissent from vs. Hee that will try this , let him look on the Declaration of Walther Bruite , which I before mentioned ; and let him read it set down by himself , and not reported by other . And what did that learned Lay-man deliuer there , which was not the belief of Wicklef , and the rest of the English , professing the Gospell in those Times ? But if there bee , in some petty matters , yea , questions of some reasonable moment , difference of opinion between them and vs , shal wee not therefore bee of the same Church with them , or they with vs ? Yes verily : for , otherwise many of the antient Fathers should not bee of the Communion of Saints , or Catholick Congregation , with those who came after them , and amended their errors : for , was not Lactantius spotted with the Millenary infection ? and Cyprian with the matter of re-baptizing ? Had not Austen an opinion of the necessity of the Eucharist to bee administred to children ; and that infants , being dead without Baptism , were not onely depriued of the fruition of heauenly ioies , but were damned to the pit of hell , and to euerlasting torments ? And what man , religiously affected , will suspect , but that although S. Cyprian and the other African Bishops , assembled in a Councell , did , concerning the new baptizing of those who were already baptized by Hereticks , determine clean contrary to Cornelius and the rest of the Italian Bishops , yet they should not bee of the same faith in generall , and of the same holy Church whereof Cornelius was ? Saint Austen can thus write concerning Cyprian : Whereas that holy man Cyprian ( thinking otherwise of Baptisme then the matter was which was afterward handled , & with most diligent consideration established ) did remain in the Catholique Vnity ; both by the plentifulnesse of his charity , a recompence was made ; and by the sickle of his suffering , there was a purging . In another place hee saith , The authority of Cyprian doth not terrifie me , but the humility of Cyprian doth refresh mee . He meaneth , that if that worthy man had liued to haue seene more light in that argument , or to behold what the succeeding time had reuealed and concluded in that behalfe , hee would , in great humility and meeknes of heart , haue conformed himself , and yeelded vnto it : which may iustly seeme for a true defense of the Waldenses , Io. Wicklef , Iohn Hus , or any other seruant of God , who might seeme , in matters of small moment , to vary from vs. And thus I trust , that by this time it appeareth to euery one who will not wilfully cloze his eies , and stop his eares against an apparant truth , that God hath at all times had his Children holding the verity of Christian Religion , and not approouing of the filthy Superstitions and sacrilegious Idolatries of the abominable Antichrist of Rome : So that it is a most fond collection , that either the Popish Conuocation or Confusion are the right and vndoubted Spouse of Iesus Christ ; or else , that for one thousand yeeres together there was no Church in the world . They doat much vpon themselues , and on the opinion of their beauty , who , in such intolerable deformities , doe predicate and magnifie their Synagogue , as the vnspotted wife & mysticall body of our most blessed Sauiour . Truth it is , that , intending to blinde the ignorant , and to abuse the simple , they labored , by all externall pomp and shew , to giue to their hypocrisie & outward formality a settled opinion of pietie & sanctitie : and for that cause , there was no corner of the braine of man , or rather of men , in many Ages succeeding together , vnsought , to procure glory to that which in it selfe was very vnglorious . Their care therefore was , to conuert the eies of all persons on their externall hue , which was maruellously adorned and garnished to the sense with their Crosses set vp or carried before some Prelates , with the triple Crowne of their Popes , in the red Hats of their Cardinals , the precious attire of some in their Churches , their prodigious apparel abroad , the diuers color'd Couls of their Monks , such singing & chanting with Organes , such ringing of Bells , such trimming of Images , and many more such sensible matters , as that neither the Iewes nor the Gentiles had the like . And among al this , if true Religion in diuers were present , it is not to be maruelled at , if shee were scant seene , or if no notice were taken of her for her poore , and vntrimmed , or vngarnished hue , for her naked simplicity , and vnpainted integrity . It was the commendation giuen to Salomons Beloued , by whom the Church is represented , that the Kings daughter is all glorious within ; her beauty consisting of purity in faith , verity in doctrine , seuereness in behauiour , innocency , patience , and such like spirituall complements . And these are as much contemned in others , by the Antichristian Rabble , as they are neglected in themselues : whereas their externall pomp , on the contrary side , is as much despised by the Lord , as it is magnified in their fleshly and carnall imaginations . The Lord direct vs in his own waies , and call home such as wilfully , or by ignorance , haue gone astray ; that at length they may bee reduced to the sheepfold of Christ Iesus : to whom , with his Father and the blessed Spirit , be praise for euermore . Amen . FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A17020-e50 L. 12. confess . c. 25. Erasm. Ad. * Pers. Sat. Nunc in decursu lampada trado , &c. Lucret. Et quasi currentes vitalem lampada tradunt . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Micah 7. 8. 2 Thes. 2. Notes for div A17020-e380 Sect. 1. a In Antid . Matt. 24. b De Rom. Pontif. 4. 4. Sect. 2. c Psalm 12. 1. d 1 Sam. 22. 18 e Esay 1. 5 , 6. f Esay 1. 29. g Ierem. 5. 1. h Ezek. 22. 30. i Mich. 7. 1. Sect. 3. k 1 King 19. 18 Rom. 11. 4. l Ezek. 9. 4. Apoc 7. 3. m 2 Tim. 2. 19 n 2 Kin. 21. 4 , 5 o 2 Kings 16. 11. p Verse ● . q 2 Kings 17. 29. r Esay 1. 1. Rom. 11. 4. t Psal. 13● . 14 u 2 Chro. 33. 4. Sect. 4. a Math. 23. 24. 2 Mach. 4. 8. 24. c. 11. 3. Ioseph de Bell. lud . 4. 5. & lib. 5. 9. b Iohn 11. 51. c Math. 2. ● . d Luke 12. 22 Rhem ●Annot , ibidem . e Math 26. 56. f Iohn 19. 25. Nich. de Clem. de Mater . Concil . g Acts 1. 13. Actes 8. 2. Sect. 5. i Luke 18. 8 k 2 Thes. 2. 3. Rhemes . in 2. Thess. 2. ● . m Ap●c . 12 ▪ 6. n In Prefat . super Apocal. o In Argument . Apocal & in Apoc. I. 1. p Rom. 4. 6. q Ioh● 11. 15. r Apoc. 12. 6. f Mark. 13. 22. t Apoc. 11. 2 , 3. & 12 ▪ 6. & 13. 5. & Dan. 7. 25 Sect. 6. u Math. 16. 18. w Tertull , exhort , ad chastit . x Math. 18. 20 a Phil. 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 b De Baptism . contra Donatist . 6. 4. idem spiritus 〈◊〉 ea dimit tit ( i. peccata ) quod datus est 〈◊〉 sanctis , &c. c Apoc. 13. 16. d Cap. 17. 2. & 21. e Cap. 8. 3. f S. Ambr. Epist. lib. 5. 31. g S. August . in Psal. 101. h Serm. 134. de Temp●re . i Hebr. 11. 1. Sect. 7. k Hiero aduersus Luciferi●nos . L Theod. Histor. Eccles. l. 2. 16. m In Catalog . Scripter . Eccles. n Bellar. de Pont. Rom. 4. 9. o Apoc. 12. 6. Sect. 8. p Camp. Ref. 10. quint. Euangely Pr●sessores . q Histor. l. 13. r In vita VVenceslai . Histor. Cochlei de Hussitis . Histor. de actis & scriptis Mar. Luther . L. 2. a Iobannes Fox . in Hist. Eccles. b Cochleus . l. 2. c Ibidem . L. 3. e Cochl . lib. 8. f L. 12. g Centur. 16. l. 1. 20. Sect. 9. h Cochleus l. 1. m lbide● . n In Tabulo Concilii ante Platine Hist. o Ioh. Fox . in Concil Constant. Histor. p Cochl . l. 4. Ibidem . Zisca ad locum quem cruci● appellant profectus est , ibi supra quadragint a millia vnorum ex●ere● icis conuenere . q Cochleus l. 5. & Pe●us Messias in Sigismundo . r L. 5. vix vlla Graeco● um , Hebreo●●que . aut Latin●ou●● Historia talem ref ducem qua●●s Zisca fui● . s L. 6. t Ibid. quis putasset quadraginta millia aequitum Germanicae nationis tam leuiter compelli posse &c. nolo hic temere iudicare sciens iudicia Dei esse oc . culta , &c. u In Tahul . ante Platin. x Sess. 13. y Lib. 4. Chronog . y L. 7. z L. 8. a Ibidem . Histor. Bohem. c. 35. & 50. 〈◊〉 . 130. c Ad Leonard●● Aretinum . d Mortē ala●ri vultu vt ait Poggius , non so 〈◊〉 perpeti , sed etiam appetiuisse visus est . C●cb . lib. 3. e L. 2. f L. 1. g L. 4. Nacti Episcopum Archi●episcopi Pragensis Suff aganeū ordinouerum per eum clericos , &c h Coch. lib. 5. Concil , Pragens . Hussitarum ita incipit , In nomine Dom. Amen . Incipit sancta Syn●dus hibita & rite celebrata anno 1421. sub Conrad . &c. Conradus Archiep . Pragensis cum Zisca & Hussitis scribit ●d principē , &c. i Ibidem . k L 8. Scholare die caesis Pragens . vtri ▪ tam sub vna quam sub ● traque communi●ca● es specie habilitate &c. pr●supposita ad s● cros crdine● psomoueantar & ordine●tur . l L. 10. m L. 11. n L. 2. Georgius Girziko de Cunstat , & Podiebrat quem Acneas Poggi siratium v●●●re solebat , vnctus est in Regem Bohemis , &c. post , 〈◊〉 vna defi●sset labes Hussititae sect● , in●er optimo● reges haud immeritò commemorari possit . o Ibidem . p Apud Plat. q Cochl . l. 12. Sect. II. m Hist. Bohem. c. 50. n Ep. 130. o Coch. Hist. lib. 1. p L. 2. q L. 3. r L. 4. f L. 5. Zisca vno impetu● insignes ●asilicas , & am pla monastéria quae in bonorem beat● Maria , &c dedicata erant , disiecit tanquom non sit fas alteri , quam soli Deo basilicas , a●t templa consecrare . t Artic. 57. u Artic. 55. Sect. 12. Anno 1517. a Respons . ad Doctor●m August . b VValdensium confessio in fasciculo rerum expetend . & fugiend . c Seiden . li. 16. d Luea● Os●ander . lib. 1. c. 8. e Oratio ad Leo●●● decimum . f Calamitatum . 3 Guicciar ● . lib. 3. h In Ps. 52. i Catalog . testi●● veritatu , lib. 19. Sect. 13. k Co●●● em●●titam donationē Const. l De ann●tis non soluendis . m De Reform . Eccles. n cap. 3. o c. 4. p c. 6. In Hypocritas libellus . Oratio od clerū Coloniensem . Decem grauami . na Germaniae . L. 19. Sect. 14. In Iohn 24. Histor. Bohem. c. 35. Hist. de Huss●tis , lib. 1. Scripsit mihi quidā ex Anglia Epis● opus esse sibi ad●uc bodie duo maxima volum●a VVitlefi quae mol● sua videantur ●quari opera beati , August . L. 1. Hus forni ca●us est spiritu aliter cum ali enigenis plurimis cum VViclefistis cum Dulcinistis , &c. L 2. a L. 3. b L. 6. c L. 2. Miser Hus optauit animam suā fore ihi est anima VViclefi . S●ss . 8. L. 2. f Multa g●autora ●●diderim esse VViclefi tbrmeta , quā●uit apud infero● vel scele ratissim●rum hominum , Iudae prod● o●s Christi & Neronus ●●irstianorum persecu . ●●is , &c. L. 2. Sess. 8. Respons ad 18. Artic. VViclefi in f●●cic rerum expe●end . a In fine Artic . 10. V●rg . Aen●ad . L. 18. Sect. 15. Apolog ▪ Hicra●c . c. 1. Ex Regist. G. Courtney . Ad Cancell . Ox. Ad Arthiepi●c Cant. & Cancell . Ox. Anno. 5. Rich. 2. c. 5. In manu magistri Wirley . In fine R. Richard● 3. In Arch uis Coll●dg . Bali●l . Vid. 10. Fox . in vit● Wicklef . A 〈◊〉 . Richara●● 2. Sub rege Hen. 4. L. 2. in literis Reg. Henrici 4. Anno 1406. Octobr. 5. In operib . I. Hus. Anno 1476. Sect. 16. * in a Ploughmans tale . The Apostle . * which Papists say , he hath of heauen gate . * as the Pope . Ex registro Episcops Herefor● Contra 18. articul . Wicklef . In articul . 11. & 12. Sect. 17. A● . 1400. sub Reg. He● . 4. Sub reg . Henrie . 5. Sub. Hen. 6. Sect. 18. Greg. 11. Greg. 12. Catal. testium ●esitatis .. l. 18. Defensor pacis . Petrus Messias in Ludo●●co . Catalogus ●estium verit●●● . l. 18. Ibid. ex . Hen. de Erford . Histor. Hussit . l. 2. Epis. 20. et in poe●i italic● . In appendice ad libros de Rom. pontifice . c. 20. Genebrard , Chron. l. 4. Anno 1327. Catal. ●estium veritatis . l. 18. Academ . les . Christ. Clas . 15 De auseribilitate Pap● ab ecclesia . Sect. 19. Hist. Bohem. c. 35. Chron. l. 4. Catal. testium veritatis . l. 15. In Pr●sat . general . Controuers . L. 1. c. 19. Hist. l. 12. L. 9. L. 10. Ibid. Mat. Paris i● Guliel . cōquaest . Contin . hist. de gestis Anglor . lib. 3. cap. 7. Malmis . l. 3. Chron. l. 4. Index in Bertram resp . ad Dan. Til●s . fol. 158. La. sainct . Mess● de clar . l. 2. De consider . ad Eug●n . l. 2. 8. Ser. 61. in Cant. ep . 190. de grat . & lib. arbitrio . Ser. 1. de septem misericordi●s . 1 Cor. 3. 11 Degrat . & libero arbit●io . Sect. 21. Iohn ● . 8. 1 Kings 19. 18 2. Pet. 2. 8. Iam. 1. 27. Os●rius l. 3. degestis Eman●el . Li. 9. Dam ▪ à Goes . de mori● . Ae●●i●●um . Sect. 22. Apoc. 17. 18. In Hen. 3. Ibidem . Ibidem . Lincoln . Epist. Math●● Paris in H. ● . 3. Ibidem . Houede● in parte 2. Pla●in . in Paschael . 1. Pap. Mas. on in Bo● . 2. In Histo● . Eccle. sias . in catal . script . Brit. L●ur . Humsr. I●suit●sm . part . Sect. 23. R●●ion . 10. In Rom. 11. 33. Ann● 159● . Vid. Epist. Beza ad Stuckium . Mat. 26. 65. Acts 24. 14 ▪ Sect. 24. Acts 16. 20. and 17. 7. 2 Cor. 12. 16 Eus. ●ccl● . hist. l. 4. 7. * L. 5. 1. Socrat. 1. 20. Theod. eccl . hist. l. 1. 30. Infasciculo rer● expetend . Conses . Walden . Cocleus histor . Hussit . l. 2. Cum articulos istos nunquam tenuerim quos falsi te●●es c●●ra me 〈◊〉 , se●●●ont aria tenuer●m , ●oc●erim , 〈◊〉 rimque , 〈◊〉 praedicau●rim , &c. L. 8. Sl●idencomment . l. 8. Certain Articles or forcible rea●ons at Antwerp , 1600 Sect. 25. In Rom 11. 4. In Fox eccles . Story . Diuin . ●istitut . l. 7. c. 14. Aug. Ep●st . 48. Ep. 106. & 28 Con● . Carth. in Cyp. oper . De bapt . cont . Donatis . L. 1. L. 2. Sect. 26. Prefat . catal . testium veritat . Psal. 45. 13.