Distant Reader - subject-charities-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 11 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 54,322 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 4,938 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 85. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

will, poor, may, good, work, children, text, one, many, much, tcp, great, shall, god, people, time, well, english, yet, eebo, england, make, men, persons, parish, early, therefore, now, london, others, made, every, charity, day, works, lord, like, better, also, tei, house, give, either, first, must, without, take, us, want, texts

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Some proposals for the imployment of the poor, and for the prevention of idleness and the consequence thereof, begging a practice so dishonourable to the nation, and to the Christian religion : in a letter to a friend / by T.F., Londons charity inlarged, stilling the orphans cry. By the liberality of the Parliament, in granting two houses by Act, and giving a thousand pound towards the work for the imployment of the poor, and education of poor children, who many of them are destroyed in their youth for want of being under a good government and education, whereby they may be made serviceable for God, and the Commonwealth. Also this good work is much encouraged by the liberall contributions of many well-affected citizens of London, for the better carrying it on for the glory of God, the honor of the nation, and comfort of the helples poor. With a platform, how many officers needfull to govern 100 children in a work-house, with laws and orders for the schoolmaster to read to the children once a day for a time, afterwards twice a month, whereby they may be kept under a godly and civill government, to the great joy of good peopl. With other observations worthy the reading. / By S.H. a well-wisher to the nations prosperity, and the poors comfort., and A sermon preach''d June 1, 1699, at Feckenham in Worcester-shire, before the trustees appointed by Sir Thomas Cookes, Kt. Bart. to manage his charity given to that place by John Baron ....

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

poor people, english books, early english, books online, many times, creation partnership, text creation, poor children, page images, early works, charitable uses, characters represented, represented either, lord mayor, tcp schema, image sets, present state, will never, per week, tcp assigned, creative commons, text transcribed, bit group, markup reviewed, image set, financial support, tiff page, online text, asking permission, images scanned, providing financial, institutions providing, commercial purposes, work described, proquest page, pfs batch, encoded text, iv tiff, batch review, encoded edition, without asking, xml conversion, gap elements, good work, text selection, diplomatic transcriptions, tcp project, tei oxford, structural encoding, using tcp

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are To the monthly and quarterly meetings of Friends in England, Wales, London, the twenty six day of the sixth month, 1692. The Case of the governours of the Hospital at Hoxton, of the Foundation of Robert Aske, Esq., and Mr. Pepys to the Right Honourable Sir Francis Child, Kt. Lord Mayor, and to the Court of Aldermen upon the present state of Christ-Hospital..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

tcp, hospital, court, world, work, uses, trade, poor, people, parish, nation, men, man, maiesties, lordship, london, life, hoxton, god, friends, england, employment, early, death, corporation, commonwealth, cloth, children, charity

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be poor, and Londons charity inlarged, stilling the orphans cry. By the liberality of the Parliament, in granting two houses by Act, and giving a thousand pound towards the work for the imployment of the poor, and education of poor children, who many of them are destroyed in their youth for want of being under a good government and education, whereby they may be made serviceable for God, and the Commonwealth. Also this good work is much encouraged by the liberall contributions of many well-affected citizens of London, for the better carrying it on for the glory of God, the honor of the nation, and comfort of the helples poor. With a platform, how many officers needfull to govern 100 children in a work-house, with laws and orders for the schoolmaster to read to the children once a day for a time, afterwards twice a month, whereby they may be kept under a godly and civill government, to the great joy of good peopl. With other observations worthy the reading. / By S.H. a well-wisher to the nations prosperity, and the poors comfort. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

work, children, text, people, time, others, day, works, persons, texts, times, way, charity, men, characters, pence, books, self, good, things, thing, years, xml, person, t, nothing, places, images, image, want, man, house, reason, lordship, edition, page, charge, s., keying, care, elements, week, project, place, hands, encoding, data, nation, eebo, part

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

be, is, have, are, was, do, were, been, being, make, said, had, made, give, take, come, encoded, live, has, done, am, find, see, say, given, work, set, let, known, according, know, get, brought, taken, based, put, pay, having, go, prevent, spin, leave, bring, hope, found, sent, doing, did, begging, read

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

tcp, god, england, london, parish, lord, poor, christ, text, hospital, court, eebo, oxford, english, tei, city, children, flax, corporation, employment, men, hath, house, cloth, sir, pepys, creation, proquest, phase, partnership, john, world, trade, governours, transcribed, hemp, charity, parliament, idleness, online, commonwealth, nation, d., utf-8, unicode, school, president, p5, ncbel, michigan

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

they, it, their, i, them, his, we, he, our, you, your, my, him, themselves, us, me, its, her, himself, thy, she, thee, theirs, one, myself, ye, mine, yours, requir''d, ours, ob

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

poor, such, other, many, good, great, own, more, much, able, early, better, little, english, charitable, same, first, present, several, available, old, idle, last, greater, least, late, true, due, general, few, less, common, second, illegible, rich, like, whole, possible, necessary, honest, sure, small, large, young, wide, short, original, best, textual, saith

not, so, very, well, as, then, more, much, therefore, now, also, up, yet, out, never, here, only, in, most, rather, otherwise, ever, away, there, early, first, even, too, no, online, sometimes, long, over, far, else, thereof, about, once, again, especially, better, wholly, together, thus, soon, on, lastly, already, above, indeed

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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