The rule of perfection contayning a breif and perspicuous abridgement of all the wholle spirituall life, reduced to this only point of the (vvill of God.) Diuided into three partes. The first treating of the exteriour will of God, contayning the actiue life. The second of the interiour vvill contayning the contemplatiue life. The third of the essentiall vvill concerning the life supereminent. Composed by the R.F. Benet Capucin, preacher, of the holie order of Saint Francis, novv of the prouince of France, heertofore called VV. Fitch, of Canfeld in Essex. Règle de perfection. Part 1-2. English. Benoît, de Canfield, 1562-1610. 1609 Approx. 295 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 100 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2008-09 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A68048 STC 10928.3 ESTC S115066 99850285 99850285 15475 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A68048) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 15475) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 798:6, 1815:28) The rule of perfection contayning a breif and perspicuous abridgement of all the wholle spirituall life, reduced to this only point of the (vvill of God.) Diuided into three partes. The first treating of the exteriour will of God, contayning the actiue life. The second of the interiour vvill contayning the contemplatiue life. The third of the essentiall vvill concerning the life supereminent. Composed by the R.F. Benet Capucin, preacher, of the holie order of Saint Francis, novv of the prouince of France, heertofore called VV. Fitch, of Canfeld in Essex. Règle de perfection. Part 1-2. English. Benoît, de Canfield, 1562-1610. [20], 179, [1] p. By Cardin Hamillion, Printed at Roan : An. 1609. Parts 1 and 2 only; part 3 was not published in English. A variant of the edition which has "composed by the Ve. Br. (Benet) heertofore (William Fitche) Englishman" as authorship statement. Identified as STC 10928 on UMI microfilm reel 798. Reproductions of the original in Cambridge University Library. Appears at reel 798 and at reel 1815 (same copy filmed twice). Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. 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Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Christian life -- Early works to 1800. 2006-04 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2006-04 Aptara Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2007-04 Ali Jakobson Sampled and proofread 2007-04 Ali Jakobson Text and markup reviewed and edited 2008-02 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion THE RVLE OF PERFECTION CONTAYNING A BREIF AND PERSPICVOVS ABRIDGEMENT OF ALL THE WHOLLE spirituall life , reduced to this only point of the ( vvill of God. ) Diuided into three Partes . THE FIRST TREATING OF THE EXTERIOVR WILL OF GOD , CONTAYNING the Actiue life . THE SECOND OF THE INTERIOVR VVILL contayning the Contemplatiue life . THE THIRD OF THE ESSENTIALL VVILL CONCERNING THE LIFE SVPEREMINENT . COMPOSED BY THE R. F. BENET CAPVCIN Preacher , of the holie Order of Saint Francis , novv of the Prouince of France , heertofore called VV. Fitch , of Canfeld in Essex . Vita in voluntate eius . Psal . 29. Printed at ROAN , By CARDIN HAMILLION . An. 1609. bookplate APPROBATIONS OF THIS Rule of Perfection . ASVVELLIN LATIN BY THE VERY vvords vvherin they vvere vvritten , as also in English ; that so it may passe vvithout suspition , not only amongst those of the English tongue , but also in Countries vvhear it is not vnderstood ; vvhich so much the more seemeth necessarie , for that it is dedicated to those vvhich liue in such Countries . VVEE the subsigned Doctours in Diuinitie of the Vniuersitie of Paris haue diligently read the Rule of Perfection contayning a breif and perspicuous abridgement of the wholle spirituall lyfe Actiue , Contemplatiue , and Supereminent , all reduced to this one point of the vvill of God , composed by the R. F. Benet Englishman , of the Order of Capuchins , and haue approued it ; which no man will doubt to doe , whoesoeuer following the way of lyfe and of the diuine vvill of God shall practice this Compendium of pietie , which though it be breif yet is it most full of instruction . Dated the 20. of September in the yeare of our Lord. 1608. GVYION Vicar generall to the Illustrissime Cardinall , and most Reuerend Archebisshop of Roan . BOVCHIER , Chanceller of the Vniuersitie of Orleans , and Vicar generall to the most Reue , Bisshop of Orleans . The Kings Readers in Diuinitie , A. du VAL. GAMACH . P. L'ENGLES . C. le BEL. GESLIN . M. M. AVCLERC . I Subsigned , B. Rapbael Prouinciall of the Order of Capuchins in the Prouince of Paris ( though vnworthy ) haue most diligently perused this Rule of Perfection , or breif and perspicuous abridgement of the wholle spirituall lyfe ( to weet ) Actiue , Contemplatiue , and Supereminent , reduced vnto one point of the only vvill of God , composed by the V. F. F. Benet of our Order ; and haue fownd nothing in it contrarie to the true fayth and decrees of the Church ; yea , haue most cleerly seene it to be the solid food , and stable foundation of pietie , and a perfect Rule of the wholle spirituall lyfe . VVherfore , it will be most profitable for the pietie and merit of all Christians , and the spirituall aduancement of Religious persōs , and ( particularly ) will fully satisfie the desire of such as aspire to true Perfection , and the practice of mystical Diuinitie . It is ( doubtles ) a true guide for those which begin , for such as haue made some progresse , and for those which haue attayned vnto Perfection . In testimonie wherof , wee haue put to our signe , this Eeue of all Saints . Anno. 1596. B. RAPHAEL , as aboue . I Subsigned , vnworthy Prior of the Carthusians of Cahors , haue perused with as much diligence , attention of mind , and intention as I could , this Rule of Perfection or breif abridgement of the wholle spirituall lyfe , ( to weet ) of the Actiue , Contemplatiue , and Supereminent , conforme to the three-fold vvill of God Exteriour , Interiour , and Essentiall . I ( certainly ) admired to see the holie secrets of the perfection of lyfe gathered together , and expownded with wonderfull order and facilitie ; insomuch as like vnto that great Eagle in Ezechiel , it may worthily seeme to haue carryed away the pith of the mysticall Cedar , and esteeme that the lecture therof will be most profitable , seeing it is in all points no lesse conforme vnto true Fayth then to Pietie , and most fitting the capacitie of deuout and religious minds of Beginners , Proficients , and of the Perfect , entring by order into the practice therof , as Qweene Hester passed through euery doore to the presence of King Assuerus , Dated the 20. of September . Anno. 1608. F. A. Beaucousin . I Subsigned Bacheler of Diuinitie in the Vniuersitie of Paris , doe certifie , that I haue most diligently perused this Rule of Perfection and perspicuous abridgement of the wholle spirituall lyfe ( to weet ) of the Actiue , Contemplatiue , and Supereminent , reduced vnto one point of the onlie vvill of God , the which is most profitable to all Christians , and specially for the aduancement and merit of Religious persons ; for , it layeth open a most cleer way to the acquiring of perfection , in that it manifesteth diuers hidden errors , which being to many a Rocke of scandall , made some to leaue of , others to contemne , and some to sclander the spirituall life : seing also that it openeth the most pure fountaines of wisdome , explicating the excellent super-anagogicall Doctrine , through ignorance wherof , some are damnably infected with most corrupt maners ; some doe ignominiously betake themselfes to the cisternes of heathen bookes , not hable to containe the waters of grace ; others as blind doe doubt in the Catholike fayth ; others to theyr great shame make litle progresse in the knowledge of God ; others to no small detriment of the hear ers doe teath Diuinitie with great negligence ; others adhearing to the killing letter , and spēding all theyr labour in the outward barke of VVisdome , neither goe forward to reap the fruit therof , neither hastning to the Abnegation of themselfes , are viuified with the vnitiue spirit of God. All which being in this Rule sweetly refrayned , truly directed , wisely illuminated , deiformely perfectioned , it is worthy to be put to the Presse , and published to the glorie of allmightie God , augmentation of the Fayth , to the conuersion of sinners , consolation of Religious , and perseuerance of the perfect , in whoe 's mindes it ought to be day and night ruminated . Finally , it containeth nothing contrarie to the Catholike , Apostolike , and Romaine Church . Dated the 8. of May 1596. Poullet . APPROBATIONES REGVLAE Perfectionis . NOS subsignati Doctores Theologiae facultatis Parisiensis , seriò legimus Regulam Perfectionis continentem breue & dilucidum Enchiridion vitae spiritualis , Actiuae , Contemplatiuae , & Supereminentis ( id est ) Voluntatis diuinae , a R. P. Benedicto Anglo , Ordinis Capucinorum compositum ; & probauimus : quod & plenissimè faciet , quisquis breue hoc pietatis Compendium , sed cumulatissimè instructum , secutus viam Vitae & Voluntatis diuinae , insistet . Datum 20. Septem . An. saeculari sacro . 1608. GVYION , Vicarius Generalis Illustrissimi Cardinalis , & Reuerendiss . Archiepiscopi Rhotomagensis . BOVCHIER , Cancellarius Vniuersitatis Aurelianensis , & Vicarius Generalis Reuerendiss . Episcopi Aurelianensis . Lectores Regij in Theologia . A. du VAL. GAMACH . P. L'ENGLES . C. le BEL. GESLIN . M. MAVCLERC . EGO subsignatus F. Raphael Prouincialis prouinciae Parisiensis Fratrum Minorum Capucinorum licet immeritus , breue hoc & dilucidum Enchiridion totius vitae spiritualis ( scilicet ) Actiuae , Contemplatiuae , & Supereminentis , ad vnicum instar solius Voluntatis diuinae directum , & a V. P. P. Benedicto nostri Insti●uti compositum , diligentissimè perlegi ; nihilquè in eo inueni quod fidei Orthodoxae aut decretis Ecclesiae repugnet ; quinimò illud cibum esse solidum , stabileque fundamentum pietatis , & normam perfectam totius vitae spiritualis clarissimè comprehendi : vndè ad pietatem & meritum omnium Christianorum , & ad spiritualem profectum Religiosorum conducet plurimum , eorum verò de siderio qui ad vera perfectionem , & mysticae Theologiae praxim aspirant , abundè quidèm satisfaciet . Estsanè Incipientium , Proficientium , & Perfectorum verus praeceptor . In cuius rei testimonium signum nostrum apposuimus , Vigiliâ omnium Sanctorum . Anno. 1597. F. RAPHAEL , vt suprà . EGO subsignatus Cartbusiae Cadurcinae Prior immeritus , hoc breue Enchiridion vitae spiritualis , Actiuae , Contemplatiuae , & Supereminent is , vnitrinae voluntati diuinae Exteriori , Interiori , & Essentiali consonum , à V. P. Benedicto Anglo , Ordinis Capucinorum D. Francisci compositum , quantâ potui diligentia , attentione animi , & intentione perlegi . Suspexi vtiquè sacratiora vitae perfectionis arcana miro ordine & facilitate deligi & delucidari , ita vt quasi Aqui●a illa grandis in Ezechiele Cedri mystic● medullā tulisse meritissimè videatur . Et quià non orthodoxè minùs quàm piè per omnia s●riptum est , & ad piarum & religiosarum mentium , Incipientium , Proficientium , & Perfectorum captum maximè accommodatum ( dummodò vt Ester cum ad Assueri conspectum , ingrediantur cuncta per ordinem ostia ) summá cum vtilitate legi posse censeo . Datum 20. September . anno a partu virgineo . 1608. F. A. BEAVCOVSIN . EGO subsignatus Baccalaureus in facultate Theologiae Parisiensi , certum facio me breue hoc & perlucidum Enchiridion totius vttae spiritualis ( scilieet ) Actiuae , Contemplatiuae , & Supereminentis , ad vnicum instar solius voluntatis diuinae directae , diligentissimê perlegi . Quod ad vtilitatem omnium Christianorum , tum maximé Religiosorum pùfectum & meritum confert plurimum , & perfectioni acquirendae clarissimum praebet iter , cùm peruios errores occultos designet , qui suerunt permultis lapis offensionis derelinquendae , nonnullis contemnendae , alijs etiàm probris insectandae spiritualis vitae : sapientiae limpidissimos fontes aperit , illustrem superanagogicam doctrinam & veram Theologiam explicando , cuius ignorantia alii corruptissimis moribus damnabiliter se coinquinant , alii ad cisternas librorum Gentilium ( non valentes continere aquas gratiae ) turpiter secedunt , alij in fide Catholica mente capti haesitant ; alij in cognitione Dei cum magno dedecore minùs proficiunt ; alij negligentiùs Theologiam cum magno detrimento pertractant ; alij litterae occidenti adhaerentes , & corticibus sapientiae insudantes , neque progrediuntur ad illius carpendos fructus , neque ad suijpsorum Abnegationem properantes , spiritu Dei vnitiuo viuificantur . Quae omnia cùm in hoc Enchiridio suauiter coerceantur , verè dirig antur , sapientèr illuminentur , deiformitèr perficiantur ; typis & omnium lumini mandari dignum est , ad Dei Omnipotent is gloriam , Fidei augmentum , Peccatorum conuersionem , Religiosorum consolationem , Perfectorum perseuerantiam ; quorum omnium animis diurno nocturnoque labore versari debet . Caeterùm Fidei Catholicae , Apostolicae , Romanae , nihil contrarium continet . Datum 8. Maij. An. 1596. POVLLET . Licentia Superiorum . EGO frater Leonardus Parisiensis , Ordinis fratrum Minorum Capucinorum nuncupatorum , in prouincia Parisiensi Commissarius ( licet immeritus ) potestate ad id mihi factâ a Reuerendo admodum Patre Siluestro ab Assisio , Ministro nostro generali ; facultatem concedo vt liber inscriptus Regula Perfectionis , vel , Voluntas diuina continens tres partes ; Item liber inscriptus Eques Christianus , continens duas partes ; Item denique , vt libri duo diuersorum Opusculorum spiritualium , vnus Tractatuum , alter Epistolarum , a Re. Patre Benedicto Anglo , Predicatore eiusdem Ordinis , & Conuentus Rhotomagensis Guardiano , nec non Nouitiorum magistro , typis mandentur , grauium priùs & doctorum in Theologia hominum iudicio approbatus ; seruatis insuper omnibus de iure seruandis . In quorum fidem , has litteras manu nostra subscriptas , sigilloque nostro munitas dedimus . Rothomagi 23. Iunij . 1608. F. Leonardus , qui supra . TO THE. R. AND MOST DEVOVT Lady Abbesse of the Religious companie of English - vvomen of the Order of S. Briget ; to his tvvoe cosins ( vvisemans ) of the same Order , and to all the rest of that holie familie at Lysbone . IF the light of Natures lamp hath so shined in the obscure closet of a Pagans breast , that therby hee brought forth this no lesse true then worthy sentence , Non nobis solùm nati sumus , sed ortus nostri partem amici , partem parentes , part emquè patria vendicat , VVee are not borne for our selfes alone , but of our birth our kinsfolk must haue parte , our freinds likewise must haue their due , our Countrie also challengeth therin her right ; how much more ought the shining Sun of Grace and Fayth illuminate the Christian heart , wherby to bring forth a like or better Sentence ? as did hee whoe sayd , Optabamego ipse Anathema esse â Christo pro fratribus meis , qui sunt cognati mei secundum carnem , qui sunt Israelitae , I desired to be Anathema my self from Christ for my brethrē , which be my kinsfolke according to the fleash , whoe be Israelites . And if Nature could bind vs with so strong a band to our Freinds , Parents , and Country , how much more should the link of Grace , and chayne of Charitie tie vs therunto ? Seing then such is my Obligation , and that the reuolution of some yeares calleth vpon mee for performance therof , I was glad now to haue fownd out a meanes , wherby at once to discharge three duties , and by one payment to cancell a threefold obligation ; by presenting this Rule of Perfection to such a house and companie , which is composed of my deer freinds , neerest kinsfolke , and natiue Countrie . Not , for that I think the weaknesse of so small a matter can haue strength enough to dissolue so strong a band , or so small a present can satisfie so great a debt ; but that I hope yow will take it as a token , and messanger of a mind more willing then hable to performe her obligation ; which Rule I hauing squared out according to mine owne interiour practice since my calling to Religion ( though truly , with great negligence ) and hauing participated the same , and therwith informed others of my calling though not of my Countrie ; I thought good now to communicate it vnto others of my Countrie , though not of my calling ; and for that purpose haue translated it into English , though with more difficultie then I writ it in the language wherin I made it . For eloquent words and flowing discourse ( I know ) yow expect none , aswell because that our calling auoideth curiositie and professeth plaine simplicitie , and that my so long discontinuance of the tongue can afford no smooth discourse ; as also ( especially ) for that in spirituall Rules , and documēts touching interiour exercise , it fareth not as in other books which chiefly ( or at least , partly ) tend to delight the eare by pleasant wordes , or moue affection by pleasing tearmes , but by plainesse of Documents , and cleernesse of Doctrine to lay open the way to Perfection , and an easie and familiar meanes to practice the same . Thus heartily wishing your dayly progresse in all vertue , I commend yow to Gods holie protection , and my self ( poor sinner ) by your prayers to his sweet mercie . Your poor Brother and Cosin in Christ Iesus , B. Benet , called heertosore . VV. Fitche . TO THE DEVOVT RELIGIOVS English-vvomen of the Couent of S. Vrsula at Louayn , and of S. Benet at Bruxells , and particularly to his deuout Cosins VVisemans in both hovvses , and to all other Religious of our Nation in Flanders . DEVOVT sisters in Christ , and deer Cosins . Many yeares haue passed since this booke was dedicated to the aboue sayd of S. Briget , but being twoe sundry tymes put to print in England ( whear I was then in Prison ) it was both tymes taken , though it doth not in any wise touch either Controuersies or matters of State . Since which tyme hath bein erected that your Religious howse at Bruxells , and aswell the same as that of Louayne hath bein better knowne vnto mee , for the entercourse of letters betwixt yow and mee ( my louing Cosins at Louayne ) and by your rendition ( my good Cosin at Bruxells . ) And because I owe yow and your howses the like office as to the aboue sayd ( for the same causes of kinred and Countrie ) and that , as sayth the Philosopher , Bonum quò communius eo melius , The good is so much the better , by how much it is more common : and ( finally ) for that the subiect of the booke particularly fitteth those of your vocation ; I haue thought good to direct it also vnto yow , the respect of the smallnesse of the worke disswading therfrom , wayeng lesse in the one scale of the ballance of my consideration , then the ponderousnesse of the sayd causes put against it in the other , especially the Ballance being held in the hand of that charitable affection which shall neuer cease to worke , and doe the office which kinne and Countrie call vpon mee to performe . And though the thing both in respect of it self , and of so sinfull and vile a wretch from whome it cometh , be of so small valew and so vnworthy the printing , that I haue often tymes hindred the same ( howsoeuer the great persuasion of others , and due affection to the aboue named , made mee consent therunto in England ) yet in tyme perceiuing it is so acceptable in these partes to all sortes , aswell of authoritie as of learning and perfection ; and seing it so much published throughout France though paynfully by writing ; I haue bein more encouraged to present the same vnto yow : though for the third part therof , it is not thought meet to be published , as treating of matters somewhat high for the capacitie of the common sort . And if it bring yow any spirituall profit , I beseech yow recompense mee with this prayer , that I be not like the candle which whilst it lighteneth others consumeth it self ; nor as the Conduict pipe , which conuayeth water from the fountaine to others , not retayning any for it self . Fare yee well . Your poor Brother and Cossin in Christ Iesus , B. Benet , called heertofore VV. Fitch . TO THE READER . GENTLE Reader , There is a certaine booke intituled the Method to serue God in Latin , Franch , and English which in the beginning , speaketh of the vvill of God : Least therfore thow mayst think that this booke be ( as it were ) the same , or not much different , and so thy affection to read this be diminished , thow shalt vnderstand , that they differre in all matters ; in subiect , method , and pretended scope : For , that booke hath but some one Chapter or document of the vvill of God , but this , three bookes or partes ; that goeth to other discourses of vertues and vices , but this pursueth this only point of the vvill of God ; that propowndeth it as the end of our actions , but this as the beginning , progresse , and ending , of the wholle spirituall life , geuing precepts for euery one : Yea , that booke in the place where it toucheth the vvill of God , sheweth not how to know it , but this geueth meanes how to know the same ; that , speaketh of the vvill of God , without distinction , but this distinguisheth it mystically into three ; Finally , that booke speaketh of the Exteriour will , but this entreth into the knowledge , tast , and feeling of the Internall will as it is spirit and life , yea , and essentially God himself , as is shewed in the third part . But it is needlesse to speak of all the differences which by reading thow shalt find to be such , as that there is no conueniencie betwixt them : only the vvill of God which is heer taught throughout the Actiue , Contemplatiue , and Supereminent lyfe , is thear touched in the beginning of that booke of Actiue lyfe . And if this had affinitie with that , it would neuer haue bein so required and published in France , especially so paynfully by writing before it was printed , and ( particularly ) amongst religious Orders , whear that booke is so common . As for the other three bookes mentioned , they be not yet printed , though readie to goe to the prefle . And if this or they bring vnto thy sowlle any profit or consolation , I desire for recompense some memorie of mee in thy holie prayers . Fare well . Thine in Christ Iesus B. Benet . THE RVLE OF PERFECTION CONTAYNING A BREIFE AND PERSPICVOVS ABRIDGEMENT OF ALL THE whole spirituall life , reduced to this only point of the ( vvill of God. ) Diuided into three partes . THE FIRST PARTE OF THE EXTERIOR VVILL OF GOD COMPREHENDING THE ACTIVE LIFE . OF THE EXCELLENCY AND VTIlitie of this exercise , compared vvith others . CHAP. I. HAVING well considered the diuersitie of wayes , and multitude of exercises fownd out and practised by many learned and deuoute persons , for the obtaining of true perfection ; and in fine , finding that as they tend all to one end , so in themselues they are not muche different , but rather in substance all one , how differet̄ soeuer they seeme ; I haue desired for the greater light and profit of deuout soules and more facilitie , to abridge and reduce them all to one only point , in which may shine and cleerly be seene all the others , and which ( not withstanding such breuitie ) might be easie to comprehend , and perspicuous to vnderstand : to which effect I could find no point so fit as this of the vvill of God ; for though the perfect soule and illuminated spirit cleerly doth see and discerne all wayes and exercises in euery one , and euery one in all , principally in the highest and most sublime ; yet is this verified rather in this exercise and point of the vvill of God then in any other ; for that heer in all the other exercises are so cleerly seene , that not only the perfect and illuminated person , but also the beginner ( if hee will a little consider ) may see them all , and how in the same consisteth all kind of perfections of spirituall life , as in the next chapter shall appear . Secondly , this exercise of the vvill of God shall be found without all cōparison to be more short then any other ; for , that which others doe effect by many circumstances , multiplicities , changings , and degrees , this effecteth at once by one only application of intention . As for example , one that following any other practise would be humble , patient , obedient , or would be dispised , to imitate the passion of our Sauiour , would imitate the passion to be conformable to the Sonne of God ; would be conformable vnto him to please God and doe his will ; but according to this exercise hee should at the first only applie his intention to the said vvill of God. Likewise , he that would eschew euill company to auoid temptation , would auoid temptation to flie synne ; would fly synne to escape hell ; would escape hell to be saued ; would be saued because it is the will of God : but according to this exercise hee should cutt of all these multiplicities and degrees , and euen at first applie his intentiō to the vvill of God , propownding and sayeng this in his heart ; I will auoid euill cōpany because it is the vvill of God ; wherby alone the soule approcheth neeer to God without comparison then with all the other good intentions together : whear many may note and see their spirituall deceipt , whoe doing any good thing spirituall or corporall , doe not at the first , nay nor scarce at the last applie their whole intention to this vvill of God. Further , the practise of this rule is more meritorious as shal be shewed then the others , yea though ( without this vvill of God ) they should ioyne with other spirituall exercises , fasting , discipline , lamenting their syns and such like , although ( perhaps ) to some it seeme not so , whoe measure merit by their sensible deuotion , and spirituall sweetnes . Moreouer , this rule of the will of God is the true end and scope of all others , those seruing but as degrees to mount , and as meanes to attaine vnto this , namely to doe the will of God : so that this will of God ought to be so muche preferred before other exercises , as the end before the meanes . Againe , this exercise is more proper and conuement to all sorts of people then any other , being fitt as well for the perfect as the imperfect , for the spirit illuminated , as for the obscured ; because it is as well subtile and sublime as simple and easie . Also , it is wholy denudated and void of all multiplicitie , diuersitie , and curiositie of discours or speculation of the witt , so that without difficultie it may be practised by the only feruent will. It is likewise more assured from deceipts , because it is a continuall abnegation of the proper will , fountaine of all errors , and roote of all euils . VVhich abnegation though it be in all other exercises , yet not so direct nor so strong and violēt as in this , seing nothing is so contrary to the proper will as the vvill of God ; the one being common respecting the common good ; the other proper seeking priuate gaine . And wheras in other exercises often tymes the curio●itie of Intelligence doth please , in this the feruency of the will must faythfully worke ; In others one contenteth him selfe often with a feeble deuotion sensible , but in this operateth the strong Intellectual deuotion . But aboue all , this point of the vvill of God excelleth all others in as much as it serueth for a rule , and for the end of our actiōs , wheras the others serue but for the one or the other onely : it is ( I say ) the rule of our actions , not onely exterior , but also interior , declaring by his rectitude the obliquitie as well of the one as of the others : of the exterior , because it declareth which are to be done , and which to be lest vndone , how and at what tyme to take anything in hand , how and in what season to endure : of the interior , in as much as it sheweth how to will and how to nill ; when to desire and when to refuse ; in what manner to choose and accept ; in what sort to omitt and re●ect . To be breif , this doth leuell all our exterior , and illustrate our interior , rectifieng and cutting of all the crookednes and tortuositie of our actions as well interne , as externe . It is also the end of the same actiōs ; end ( I say ) proportioned to euery mans capacitie , shewing it self to some as externe , to others as interne , and to others as essentiall , which is God himself : end ( I say againe ) to which the soule commes and adheres , not by the interruptiō of the meanes , but by the continuation of the same ; not as to another thing different from the meanes , ( as it happens in the other exrcises ) but as to the same and one thing with the meanes , which is proper to this exercise : it being like a sea the water wherof is all one at the shore and beginning as in the maine Ocean and end therof , wherin our soule doth nauigate and mount by continuation of the same tract without any variation , change of obiect , or multiplicitie . And no lesse hath it this excellencie in particular aboue all others ; namely , that wheras others are not durable , nor can be allwayes vsed and practised during a mans whole life , but must be left and laid a side and others practised according as a man goeth forward in perfection ; this contrariewise is permanent and serueth a man , and is alwayes continued aswell in the actiue as in the contemplatiue and vnitiue life without changing or interrupting his course of exercise , or breaking the thread of his spirituall practise ; which is no little spirituall good nor smalle profit , seeing that therby much distraction and hndrance is auoided , proceeding from the change and multiplicitie of exercise . For , euen as the child that goeth from one booke or schoole to another is much troubled and new to seeke ; so is hee which changeth from one exercise to another ; yea , some tymes and that often , man that changeth often , or hath many exercises knoweth not well how to practise any of them all , and that especialie in tyme of tēptation and spirituall warre : for as he which will learne to sence with many kinds of weapons , commonly is not cunning at any , in so much that the enimy assayling him he is easilie hurt or killed for want of skill , so he that hath diuers exercises , ordinarilie knoweth not the perfect practise of any of thē and therfore the enimies , the world , the flesh and the deuell assalting him , foorthwith is either slaine or maymed . The reason is , because the soule hauing her will already infeebled by the impulsion of the temptation flieng to her exercise and spirituall weapon , and not being skillfull in handling the same , the enimy whoe seeth and knoweth it well , is more encouraged to pursue and follow the weakned will , and shee discouraged and vnabled to resist . Yea , some men haue so many exercises that in tyme of battayle they know not which to betake thē to , and so many wayes to perfectiō that they follow none ; so accōplishing the prouerbe that sayth , Qui duos insectatur lepores , neutrū capit , He that hunteth two hares cacheth neither . But otherwise it is with him that hath cōtinually one only exercise , for that without distractio of spirit , or dissipation of sēces heere and thear in diuersitie of exercises he remaineth alwayes recollected , and his with all his powers gathered togeather , and fixed in one , so that he penetrateth the same euen to the bottome and profunditie therof , and so walketh cōtinually in the light therof , practising the same and conforming his life therunto , and so when the enemy commes to assaulte him he is not vnprouided of his weapōs , nor doubtfull which to betake him vnto , because he hath but one at which he is very cunning as beīg his daylie practise . And finaly , is resolute and stable in his way , and maner of the pursute of perfectiō , as not knowing any but that by which he rūneth the right way with all assurance . Heerin therfore doth this exercise in particular excell all others , because none of them may be continually practised all a mans life , but must be changed according as the soule changeth estate and ariseth in perfection , vsing some at the beginning , others in the progresse , and others in the end , but in this exercise a mā must begin , proceed , and end : so that this vvill of God is a spirituall Sea in which each one may saile according to the burthen of his vessell ; so as the shallops of the weake soules of beginners doe flote in the roade of the shallow waters of the exterior vill ; the barks of suche as be aduāced doe hoist saile ; and lāche far ther into the depth of the interior will ; and the huge shipps of the perfectest sorte hauing lost all sight of land are retired into the maine sea of the Essentiall vvill . And as this will of God is like the sea , so the obscuritie of our proper will is like the lande ; and as he which is in the midst of the land seeth not the sea at all , so he that is in the midst of obscure proper will seeth not this celestial Ocean . And as the greater and more spacious the lande is , so much farther one is from seing the sea ; so how much greater is this proper will so muche farther is he from seing this vvill of God. Againe , as where the sea gaineth the land , ther is nothing seene but the sea , and as according to the measure that it ouerfloweth the land the sea appeareth ; so wher the vvill of God getteth the vpper hand , ther is so farr nothing but that will ; and according as the vvill of God ouerfloweth the darknes of our proper will , it taketh place , and is plainly seene . Finaly , as if ther were no land at all thear would be nothing but sea ; so if wee had no darknes at all of proper will , we should see nothing but the vvill of God ; and as he that is in the midest of the maine sea seeth no land ; so he that hath attained to perfection , and is in the depth of this will seeth no darknes , but in all things , tymes , and places , soeth this heauenly shining light , as in the third parte shal be shewed . Of the excellency of this exercise in respect of it self , vvher is shevved hovv all other vvayes and perfections are heerin contained . CHAP. II. HAVING shewed the profit and excellencie of this vvill of God in comparison of other exercises , it followeth also that wee breifly declare the same in regard of it self , all which excellency is comprehended in this , that this rule and exercise containeth all others , and all kind of perfection . For , if one constitute perfection in the renouncing of him self as our Sauiour teacheth , Qui vult post me venire abneget semetipsum , Hee which will follow mee let him renounce him self , it is in this vvill of God ; seing one can not doe the same but by renouncing himself and his owne will. Secondly , if one thinke that perfectiō consisteth in resignatiō , as Christ teacheth , Fiat volunt as tua , Thy will be done , it is in this exercise ; because hee that doth the vvill of God is resigned , seing that resignatiō is nothing els but a disposition and perfect preparation to receiue willingly whatsoeuer that diuine will shall ordaine or dispose of himself , either in suffering or doing things hard or easie , pleasant or bitter , honorable or dishonorable and abiect , all which hee must needs haue whoe accomplisheth the vvill of God. Moreouer , if you esteeme puritie of heart to be perfection , as it is written , Beati mūdo corde , Happie are the pure of heart , it is heer also ; for what can make the heart more pure then the vvill of God which so violently plucketh vp , and exstirpateth out of it the roote of all impuritie , namely , proper will , whence springeth as from their Origin all affections , passions , and impurities , and whatsoeuer other spirituall darknes : for , as two contraries can not be togeather in one subiect , as fire and water can not be togeather in the samevessell , so can not proper will and the vvill of God be togeather in the same soule ; and no more then the obscuritie of the darke night can abide the brightnes of the shining Son , no more can the darke night and obscuritie of proper will endure the splendour of this shining son of Gods vvill , but flyeth as soone as it appeareth , and presently is dissipated and vanisheth away . Further , if perfection consist in the presence of God , and hauing him allwayes before our eyes , as it is written , Prouidebam dominum in conspectu meo semper , quoniam●● dextris est mihi ne commouear , I alwayes haue God in my sight because hee assisteth at my right hand least I should be moued ; it is likewise in this will , because ( as shal be declared ) this vvill of God is God himself ; so that when by doing his will wee haue it present , wee must needs haue God present . Againe , if perfectiō consist in the knowledge of himself , which not only by the Christiā but by the heathen Philosopher is so much inculcated by this so commonsentence , Nosce teipsum , know thy selfe ; it is heer most perspicious : for by the straight line of this vvill of God we come to the perfect knowledge of our selfes ( that is ) of our obsure passions , tortuous affections , inordinate desires , and brutish motions , which before we could not see ; for , as the staffe or chalked line seemeth wholie straight or little crooked vntill it be examined by the Ioiners rule by which appeereth the crokednes therof ; so our will and desire seemeth to be right or to haue but very little obliquitie , but as soone as this right rule of Gods vvill ( the only lawfull and approued measure of mans desire ) is applied therunto , presently appeareth the disordered and deformed obliquitie therof . And by this will we may not onely know our selfes as touching the old man replenished with imperfections and darkenes , but also as touching the new , ( namely ) perfection and light ; his will being that light and perfection which communicateth vnto our soule all her lights and perfections ; so that by the one we see and know the other , for the greate likenes and sympathie which is betwixt them ; a man being made by this diuine will Nouus homo qui secundum Deumc●ea rus est in iustitia & sanctitate veritatis , A new man , created according to God in iustice and sanctitie of veritie . Also , if the knowledge of God be Christian perfection , according as is written , Haeec est vita aeterna vt cognoscant te solum Deum verum & quem misisti Iesum Christum , This is euerlasting life , to know thee the onely true God , and whom thow hast sent Iesus Christ , it is euident in this will , seing the vvill of God is God him self , as in the third part shall appeare , so that who knoweth and doth his will , by consequence knoweth God , which perfection of the knowledge of God , with the other of the knowledge of him self was so earnestly desired , and deeplie ingraffed in the heart of our father S. Francis , that he continued all a night long in prayer , repeating continually these only two sentences , O my God , let me know thee , let me knowe my self . ●Likewise , if one desire to attaine to perfect annihillation wherof it is said ad nihilum redactus sum , & ▪ nesciui , I am brought to nothing and knew it not , let him imbrace this exercise , for by the liuelie and efficatious operation of this diuine will , a man is reduced and brought to nothing , and that both in respect of the old man and the new : In respect of the old , wholy and entierely , so that he is no more ; in respect of the new , so is he annihilated that he worketh no more , nor produceth any operation as of himself , but by God , with God and in God , and doth nothing actiuely but passiuely ; for although what one doth hee must needs doe it himself , yet not as of hīself though hee that operates is presupposed needs to operate , yet not as agēt but as patiēt ( that is ) that though hee hath his will , act , and operation in the worke , be it exterior or interior , yet by this perfectiō of Annihillatiō hee seeth they are not of them selfes , but are acted and produced by a higher essence and power thē thēselfs , which is God ; yea , in the perfectiō of this annihilatiō in this diuine will the soule is so abstracted and fixed in God , and so high lifted aboue herself , that shee feeleth not her owne operatiō though most vehemēt , but only the interior operatiō of God , and ouerflowing of those heauēly influences and eternall lights , which are so mighie and haue such power ouer her , that in cōparisō therof her operation is nothing ; and so shee is rather said to suffer the doe , and to be wrought the to worke ; and this especially in the operatiōs intrinsecall : and though in the acts and operations sēsible and exterior shee doth some thing , yet loseth she not this annihilatiō , but remaineth still annihilated , because ( as is aboue said ) shee knoweth by the light of this will that it is not shee as of herself , but Christ that liueth in her that doth those good operations , who said , VVithout mee yovv can doe nothing . As for the perfectiō of Vniō of which is written , Qui adhaeret Deo vnus spiritus est , Hee that adhereth to God is one spirit with him ; that shineth cleerly in this vvill of God , because that by forsaking ones owne will and doing his , wee adheare vnto him , and become one will and spirit with him . Touching the perfectiō of diuine cōtēplatiō wherof the Psalmist saith , Quismihi dabit pennas sicut colūba , & volabo , & requiescā ? whoe shall giue mee wings like a doue , and I will fly and repose ; it is heer in full perfection , and that by a necessarie cōsequēce , as well because that ( as is said ) this will purifieth the soule from all proper will , immortificatiōs , passiōs , affectiōs , and frō all other darkenes , blinding her cleer sight and detayning her flight of cōtēplation ; as also because that ( as is likewise shewed ) this will is the very light of heauē and God himself , illuminating and most admirablie eleuating and nobilitating the soule which it so possesseth . Again , if yow desire the true loue of God and charitie ( Quod est vinculū perfectionis ) the bond of perfection ; who so doth Gods will keepeth his cōmaundemēts , and so possesseth the treasure of his loue , himself sayeng , Qui amat me , mādata mea seruabit , hee which loues mee , keeps my cōmandemēts ; and again , In hoc cognoscetis si me amatis , si mandata mea seruaueritis , By this meanes yow shall knowe whither yow loue mee or no , if yow keepe my cōmaundements . Finally , if perfectiō consist in the trāsformation and totall chāge of himself into God , and putting on Christ , as the Apostle witnesseth sayeng , Induite Dominū Tesā Put on Iesus Christ , and , Vos mortuvestis , & vita vestra abscondita est cum Christo in Deo. Yow are dead and your life is hidden with Christ in God ; and , Viuo ego iam non ego , viuit vero● in me Christus , I liue now , not I , but Christ in me . This perfection ( I say ) is heerin contained : for that when a man putteth of his owne will for the vvill of God , he putteth of himselfe , and putteth on God , according to S. Paule sayeng , Exuite veterem hominem cum actibus suis , & induimini nouum qui secundum Deum creatus est in iustitia & sanctitate ueritatis . Put of the old man with his works and put on the new which is created according vnto God in iustice and holines of truthe ; for this will being wholy celestiall and diuine , so filleth and possesseth the harte , penetrating the verie bottome and most intimate parte therof , and by an vnspeakable sweetnes , true tast , and perfect feeling of eternall life , and of the delitious presence of the heauenly spouse , doth so drawe , allure , intice , and melt the soule in the loue and admiration therof , that as being molten , and as hauing lost all her forces , and languishing with loue , she remaineth rauished , lost , and drowned in the bottomles sea of heauenly ioyes and eternall light , wher she may iustly say with S. Paule as aboue sayd , Viuo ego iam non ego , viuit verō in me Christus . I liue now , not I , but Christ in me ; God the father sayeng vnto her , Haee est filia mea dilecta in qua mihi bene complacui . This is my louing daughter in whom I am well pleased , Haec requies mea in saeculum saeculi , hic habitabo quoniam elegi eam , This is my resting place for euer , and heer will I dwell because I haue chosen her . Thus then may appeare how all the aboue said perfections are contained in this exercise of the vvill of God , as also any whatsoeuer or wherinsoeuer the whole or any parte of perfection doth consist ; and therfore rightly and not without iust cause is this vvill of God so muche praised , and recommended vnto vs in holie scripture , at when it is said a Meus cibus est vt faciam voluntatem eius qui misit me , This is my meat to doe the will of him whoe sent me ; and b Spiritus quidem promptus est , caro autem infirma , fiat voluntas tua , The spirit is prompt but the fleash is infirme , thy will be done ; and c Haec est volunt as Dei sanctificatio vestra , This is the vvill of God your sanctification ; and d Descendi de coelo non vt faciam voluntatem meam sed voluntatem eius qui misit me , I came downe from heauen , not to doe my owne will but the will of him whoe sent mee ; and the Psalmist , e Vita in voluntate eius , Life is in his will ; and againe , f Domine in voluntate tua praestitisti decori meo virtutem , O Lord in thy will thow hast giuen vertue to my beautie , And our Sauyour g Quicunque fecerit voluntatem patris mei qui in coelis est , ipse meus frater , & soror , & mater est , VVhosoeuer doth the will of my father which is in heauen , hee is my brother , sister , and mother . And although this vvill of God be incōprehensible in itselfe , yet being in our soule it is made comprehensible ; and though in it self it be hiddē , yet being ioined with ours it is made knowne : for as God which was incōprehēsible , being in our fleash was made comprehensible , and which was inuisible , by ioyning himself with our humanitie was made visible ; so it is of his will which is his spirit and himselfe ; for before it be in our will it is hidden and vnknown , but being ioyned therwith it is seene and manifestly known to the soule ; and as before the Incarnation hee was only God , but after the vnion with our humanitie was God and man , so the vvill of God which was only diuine , after the vnion with ours is diuine and humaine ; and as that man by that vnion might say , I am God , so the will of man by such an vnion may say , I ame the vvill of God , according to Saint Gregorie Nazian . sayeng , Deus humanatus est , homo autem Deificatus , God is made humaine , and man is made diuine ; And Saint Augustine sayeng , Talis erat illa susceptio quae Deum hominem faceret , & hominem Deum , That was such an assumption or coniunction , as made God man and man God : for as when God was made man man was made God , so when once the vvill of God is made the will of man , the will of man is the vvill of God ; and as the diuinitie was not obscu●red by , nor in , the humanitie , so neither is the vvill of God by , nor in , the will of man ; but as the humanitie is illuminated , exalted , magnified , glorified , and deified by the diuinitie , so is the will of man by the vvill of God : yet not that this vnion of wills is hypostaticall as was that of those twoe naturs , but is made by the linke of loue and light of grace : and heerehence commeth it that the vertuous person hath the spirit illuminated , penetratiue , magnanimous , and couragious ; heerehence is it that his whole ioy is in heauenly things ; heerehence it proceedeth that hee treadeth vnder foot as most base , that which before hee admired and aspired vnto as his cheefe felicitie ; his spirit being no more humaine but eleuated and magnified in God and made one with him . And though some things in this chapter will not be well vnderstood by the beginner vntill such tyme as hee hath practised the third parte , yet will hee vnderstand it sufficiently for attayning to the knowledge of the end for which I haue written it ; namely , to shewe the excellency of this Rule , and how all other exercises are contained heerin . Neither ought any to thinke that wee attribute too much to this exercise or praise it beyond her desert , for that not so much it praised , as the subiect therof ( to weet ) the vvill of God , as most worthily preferred before all other points , as that wher in succinctly , plainly , easily , securely , and without change to any other , all other points and exercises are fownded , and wherby wee attaine to all perfections , being practised as is breefly taught in this treatise following . The summe or generall practise of all this Rule . CHAP. III. HAVING seene the excellency and perfection of this rule of the vvill of God , it followeth that wee now shewe the practise therof , touching which wee will heer at the beginning lay downe an ample and generall document , which breifly shall containe the whole matter ; namely , that wee doe all our actions only for the vvill of God and because hee will that so wee doe ; I say ( all our works and actions ) as well to containe corporall as spiritual ; as well thoughts as words and deeds ; no lesse the resistance to temptations , then the acceptance of inspirations : In like manner in casting of any vice or imperfection , as in labouring for any vertue or perfection ; as well in speaking , as in silence ; in accepting labour as repose ; sicknes as health ; affliction as consolation ; and finally , no lesse in doeng the thing naturall then supernaturall ; litle then great ; vile and base then excellent and glorious ; and in somme , whatsoeuer is done or suffered by any part or power of the body or soule ; all ( I say ) must be with this only end of the vvill of God and with this sole intention , because God will so haue it ; and this without any exception of thing , tyme , place , or person . This general practise of the vvill of God comprehending all sortes of actions good and euill , seemeth to be signified by that mysticall nett of the ghospell gathering all kinds of fish good and bad , of which our Sauiour sayth thus The kingdome of heauen is like a nett cast into the sea , And S. Gregorie , that Regnum coelorum coelestis est disciplina , The kingdome of heauen is the celestiall discipline . Now , what other thing is this diuine will ruling all our actions , and mortifieng all our passions , then this heauenly discipline ? and so is like a nett cast into the sea ( to weet ) into this instable , wauering , bitter and dangerous life , as a vast Oceane into which the good and religious Christian by faythfull practise casteth this diuine nett , which gathereth togeather all sortes of fishe , which are our thoughts , desires , dissignes , and actions which liue , and haue their mouing in this sea of our life . Hee taketh them when by ( applicatiō of intentiō ) he casteth it vpō them , and gathereth them togeather , when ( by diligent care ) hee chaseth them vnder the nett forcing thē to swim vnder this diuine will : VVhich being full ( by Action ) hee draweth it vpp ( by Contemplation ) vpon the shore or banke of the solid earh ( of perdurable repose , according to S. Gregory ) and sitting downe , and resting after his trauail , and retiring himself frō multiplicitie of affaires , as the Psalmist counsaileth , Vacate & videte , Take yee leasure and see , putting the good fish ( of works and inspiratiōs ) in theirvessell ( of hearts ) and casting forth ( by resistance ) the bad . For , though this nett of the vvill of God take aswell the good as the bad fishe , yet it doth it with cōtrary intentiōs ; the good to be reserued for the sustētation of the soule , the bad to be cast out for her exercise ; the one and the other in this diuine will which would so haue it . The cause why wee ought to doe all with this sole intētiō of Gods will is , because it is better without cōparison then any other , containing all perfections and making ourworks more perfect , meritorious , and agreable vnto God then all others , as by the second Chapter before hath bein shewed , and as by this one argument may appear . Our worke taketh her goodnes of the end for which it is done , hauing in itself nomore good thē it receaueth from her end , so that if it bee done for some end that is base , or of little moment , the worke also is base and of little worth if the end be high , the worke is high , if it be higher and better the worke is higher and better ; if finally , highest and best , the worke is best and most sublime . Now , so it is that a higher and better end thear can be none them this of the vvill of God , nor any like vnto it , and therfore a better or nobler worke thear can be none then that which is done with this end of the vvill of God nor any like vnto it ; yea , as ther is no end equall vnto it , so is thear no worke comparable ther vnto . That no other end can be better or equall vnto this is manifest , because this end is immediatly ▪ God himself which is Summūbonū , The foueraigne good ; for which without any other end is done immediatly for the vvill of God is immediatly done for God who hath no equall . A man may doe his worke for diuers intētiōs , as to exterminate vice , to attaine vnto vertue , to auoid hell , to come to heauē , to imitate our Sauiours exāple all which are good though some more perfect then others : but to doe his worke only for the vvill of God , and only to please him , is an intention farr excelling them all , the others hauing their end and object only to the Creature directly , and to the Creator indirectly ; yea so farr excelleth this intention the others , as hee that doth things natural with this intention , as to walke , yea though they bee pleasant , as to eate and drink , doth more merit and please God then hee which without this end should fast , doe pennance , discipline , or other painfull works , with any other intention . VVhear may be noted certaine deceipts and abuses : first , of those whoe measure all their works , and esteeme their merit only or principally by their exterior , they taking contrariewise their merit from the interior , or end wherfore they be done . Secondly , by this rule appeareth the losse of merit , light , and grace , of the most part of men which doe their naturall works naturally , and not supernaturally as they might doe by this intention , which maketh such works naturall and humaine , supernaturall and diuine . Thirdly , of those which not only in naturall things but also in supernaturall and good works , as almes , fasting , sayeng diuine seruice etc , forget to addresse their intention to God , 〈◊〉 doing them either because they can not auoid them , or els of custome not thinking wherfore . Fourthlie , of those which doe their works for reward in heauen , for though they shal be rewarded , and though it be good so to doe them , yet is it better without comparison to doe them only for Gods will and to please him , not thinking ( as much as is possible ) of any reward ; and how much the lesse hee so worketh , so much the more shall hee be rewarded , as approching so much the neerer to the nature of a Sonne ; and contrariewise how muche the more hee so worketh for reward , so much the lesse shall hee be rewarded , as so much more approching to the nature of a mercenarie or seruant . Finally , by this rule may appeare the common blindnes of men , whoe for the most part doe their works for other ends , and not for this of the vvill of God. But some may heer obiect and say ; that if so it be ( as wee say ) that the worke taketh her merit only of the interior , and that an ordinarie and naturall worke with this intention of the vvill of God is more noble and meritorious then the greatest worke done with any other intention , then consequently to receiue that diuine Sacrament of the Altar or any other , is not a better worke then to walke , eate , or drinke . I answer , that in receiuing the Sacraments thear be twoe things to be considered ; one is the Sacrament as a Sacrament instituted by God to conferre grace ; the other is the simple receauing therof , as being our worke and wee the Author therof . If then wee haue respect vnto the first , it is a better worke without comparison then our ordinarie works , hauing an excellency in it selfe as of it selfe ; but if wee haue regard vnto the other , it is nothing better , hauing no excellency in it self as of it self but is good , better , or best of all according to the intention , yea euell also , for in Iudas it was bad , and in the other Apostles verie good . If any one obiect that if the worke take her merit only of the end , then at least as touching the works of penance , as discipline , fasting , almesdeeds , they are no better then ordinarie works being done with this good end and intention of the vvill of God aswell as they . I answer , that it followeth not ; for though the worke take her merit only of the end for which it is done , yet are not common works equall with the works of penance if both haue the same end , but the penall works merit more , because that besides the good intention for which they be done , they containe and haue in them selfes both satisfaction for the synns past , for ( as sayth S. Thomas ) Licet Deus non delectetur penis nostris , delectatur tamen ijs vt sunt iustae , Though God be not delighted in our pains , not withstanding hee is delighted in them as they are iust ; and are also a preseruation from the synns to come , for ( as sayth the Philosopher ) Paenae medicinae sunt , pains are medicins . VVherfore , when wee say that the worke taketh all her good of the end , wee meane all the good which it hath more then it had before in it selfe ; so that , if two works de done for this vvill of God , wherof the one is good in it selfe , as almes or fasting ; the other neither good nor bad in it selfe , as to walke or talke ; the first of these works shal be the better , namely so much the better as almes or fasting is better then walking or talking ; but if twoe works that be equall in them selfes be done , one for this said end of the vvill of God , the other for another , as to goe to heauen ; the first without comparison shall be the best : yea which is more , if twoe works wherof the one is very good in it selfe , as fasting ; the other neither good nor bad , as walking , bee done , the first for to auoid hell , or to come to heauen , the other for the vvill of God and only to please him ; this walking shal be much more meritorious and agreeable ●o God then that sasting as is aboue said ; for though that worke of fasting doth much excell this of walking , yet this intention of walning doth much more excell that of fasting , and by consequence makes the worke much better ; for euen as a small quantitie of gold excelleth a great masse of lead , so puritie of intention doth farr exceed the valew of corporall things , as penance which is great in ●hew ; though no man must leaue the better deed to doe the lesser good vnder pretext of ●uch an intention , for this were to deceiue him selfe , wherof and of such like deceipts shal be spoaken heerafter in the fift chapter . The diuision of this vvill into three partes . CHAP. IIII. BVT for the better vnderstanding of this matter , and for more easie conceiuing of all the rest which shal be said in these three partes of this treatise , it seemeth heere necessarie to make a diuision of this vvill of God , not an they diuide it in schools into the will present and the will subsequent according to S. Damascene ; nor into the will of the signe and the will of his pleasure according to some others ; nor into precept , prohibition , and counsaile as it pleaseth other doctors ; nor finally , according to others diuiding this will of his pleasure into his will efficatious and permissiue : I meane not ( I say ) to diuide it into to these scholasticall diuisions , but into a mysticall diuision , namely into the Interior , Exterior and Essentiall vvill . The Exterior vvill is a light and rule vvherby 〈◊〉 direct vs in the Active life . The Interior like wise is a light and rule to direct our soule in the Contemplatiue life . The Essentiall , is a light and guide vvherby to direct our spirit in the superemment life . The first being actiue , the second contemplatiue the third , supereminent : the first disposing to the second and the second to the third : the first is for Beginners , the second for Proficients , the third for the Perfect . Neither is this mysticall , and threefold diuision new or without fundatiō , but is grownded vpon the doctrine of S. Paule , and seemeth rather his diuisiō then myne whear hee sayth , Vt probetis que sit voluntas Dei bona , & beneplacens , & perfecta , That yee may trie vvhich is the vvill of God , good , pleasing , and perfect . Vpon which words Lyranus sayth , that , Voluntas Dei est bona , quantum ad 〈◊〉 , The vvill of God is good for the Beginners , pleasing for the Proficients and perfect for the Perfect . According wherunto the vvill of God which wee call Exteriour or Actiue is that which S. Paule calleth Good , seing it is that wherin the beginners doe exercise them selfes : the vvill of God which wee call Interiour , or Contemplatiue , is that which hee calleth Pleasing , seing it is that which the Proficiēts doe practice : And that which wee call Essentiall , or Supereminent , is the same which hee calleth Perfect , seing that the Perfect employe themselfes therin ; though these three taken essentially as they are in God , are but one and the same will , and God himself ; but are heer deuided for the better vnderstanding of such as tend to perfection ; for as in the triumphant church the superior Angels receaue a more ample and vniuersall knowledge of the diuine pleasure , wherof their 〈◊〉 our are not capable , till they diuide , and proportion the same according to theyr capacitie , and so proportioned shew it thē ( as sayeth S. Denise ; so in the Church militant , the holie and illuminated Doctours , receiuing a more ample , and sublime knowledg of the way of God , wherof wee are not capable , haue diuided the same and proportioned it to our capacitie ; And S. Thomas sayth : Lex diuinitatis , &c. God vvill that highest things being made lesse , and proportioned , should dravv vp those which are in the meane degree ; and those which are in the meane degree , should eleuare those vvhich are in the lovvest , because this light is not equall in the inferiour nature and the● superiour ; and the fore the guif●s asvvell naturall as supernaturall are said to descend . For sayth S. Ieames , Euery good and perfect guift commeth from aboue , descending from the Father of lights . VVherfore following this doctrine and example of the Fathers , wee haue diuided ( as aboue said ) this diuine light and will ; for though wee be altogeather vnlike to them in light , yet ought wee to imitate them in communication of doctrine , which though it haue no proportion with theirs , yet ought our method to bee the same . Of the Exteriour vvill , vvhat it is . CHAP. V. NOVV to come to the definition or description of the Exterior vvill of God it is the diuine pleasure knovvne by the lavve , and by reason , being the rule of all our thoughts , words , and deeds in the Actiue life . I say , it is ( the diuine pleasure ) because though God hath no need of our good deeds as the Psalmist testifieth , Quoniam ●onorum meorū non indiges , Because thow hast no need of my good works , nor hath any losse if wee doe euill , nor gaine if wee doe well ; yet in ●is bountie and goodnes hee taketh pleasure when wee doe well and keepe his commaun●●ements , as contrariewise by his iustice hee 〈◊〉 displeased when wee breake them . I say ( it knowne ) that is , not only hee hath a will ●nd pleasure , but hee hath made it known vn●● vs , hauing geuen vs to vnderstand wherin 〈◊〉 is vvill and pleasure consisteth . Farther , I say by the lawe ) for therby he hath made kno●en his will. I say ( by the lawe ) in generall , 〈◊〉 of God only , to comprehend all kinds of ●●od lawes , namely the lawe of God wherof 〈◊〉 written , Si vis ad vitam ingredi serua manda● , If thow wilt enter into life keepe the commaundements ; also the lawe of the Church , it being written , Si non uult ecclesiam audire , sit tibi ●ut ethnicus & pnblicanus , If hee will not heare ●e church , accompt him no better then an ●thnicke or Publicane ; likewise the lawe and commaundement of the spirituall Pastor therof is written , Obedite praepositis uestris & ●biacete eis , Obay your superiours and be sub ●●ct vnto them ; Moreouer , the lawe of Princes it being said , Reddite quae sunt Caesaris Caesari , Giue vnto Cesar that which is Cesars . Further , the lawe of magistrats , for , Non est potestas nisi a Deo , Thear is no power but of God ; and Qui potestatiresistit , Dei ordinationi resistit , Hee that resisteth the Power , resisteth the ordinance of God. Finally , the law of euery mans estate , qualitie , and condition , be hee Lord or subiect , master or seruant , Lay or religious ; Moreouer , I say ( and by Reason ) which I add not without great cause , for that in many things this vvill of God is not knowne by the lawe , thear being many things which the lawe doth not extend it self vnto , neither forbidding nor commaunding them ; as ( for example ) whither to take holie Orders or not , to marrie or to liue single , to take a voyage or to stay at home , to sitt or to stand , to speake o● to be silēt , and a thowsand other things which dayly come in practise neither commaunded nor forbidden but left indifferent , and a man knoweth not therin which is the vvill of God , which seemeth a hindrance or let to our aboue said Rule , teaching that in all things wee must do it . In this case therfore , whear no lawe resolueth the matter but leaueth it indifferent , Reason must beare the sway , by which word ( Reason ) is meant Discretion , piety , and counsaile . How in particular this Reason must resolue euery such doubtfull thing , shall forthwith in the next chapter be declared . Further I say , it is a ( Rule ) of all our thoughts , words , and deeds , because that as the materiall rule is the thing wherby to drawe a line straight , and wherby wee trie whether any thing be right or crooked ; so the vvill of God is that wherby wee may drawe only the course of our life , and the intention of our works , words , or thoughts , and wherby wee may knowe whether they bee straight by right intention , or crooked by any blind affection . I say ( in the Actiue life ) which comprehendeth not only the exterior action , but also the interior intention ; not only the outward conuersation , but also the inward reformation . If one say , why then doe yow call it the vvill Exterior seing it toucheth and reformeth the interior ? I answer , because it receiueth her light and direction from the exterior ; namely by the lawe , and so is most conuersant in the exterior , in doing things or leauing thē vndon , in accepting or reiecting according to the same lawe , and finally , because though it be something interior by reason of the rectifieng of the intention , yet may it be well called exterior , in respect of the other twoe wills which are wholie conuersant in the interior . Rules hovv to knovve and practise this ( vvill of God ) in all things . CHAP. VI. IT is necessarie that after hauing declared what this will is by the aboue said definition in generall , wee shewe it in euery thing by some rule more particular , that so knowing what is to be done and what left vndone , what to be accepted and what reiected , wee may in all things doe the vvill of God as before hath bein taught by the aboue said generall rule in the third chapter . This particular rule is this , and may easilie be gathered of that which is said . All things whatsoeuer offer or present them selfes vnto vs to be done or suffered , admitted or reiected , be they corporall or spirituall are of three sorts , namely commaunded , forbidden , or 〈◊〉 indifferent , 〈◊〉 neither commaunded nor forbidden ; and nothing can come or happen but is contained in one of these three kindes . As touching the first kinde , if the thing be commaunded , the vvill of God is knowne ( to weet ) that wee doe it ; wee must therfore doe it and that according to the aboue said generall rule ( to weet ) only because God will haue it so , and for no other end whatsoeuer . For the second sort , if the thing be forbidden , the vvill of God is likewise knowne that wee doe it not ; and therfore wee must reiect it and leaue it vndone , and this for the same only intention of Gods vvill all other intentiōs reiected , and as much as is possible forgotten . As concerning the third , namely of things indifferent ; they are of three sorts ( to weet ) agreeable to nature or sensualitie , as hearing , curious talke or newes , viewing the beautie of some person , stately buildings , and such like ; or contrarie to nature and sensualitie , as keeping silence , geuing almes , fasting not commaunded or in different to nature and sensualitie , as to goe this way or another , to sitt or to walke , or finally , whatsoeuer hee findeth no more inclination to doe then to leaue vndone . If the thing offered or that presenteth it self be of the first kinde , according to sensualitie or affection ; the vvill of God is , that wee refuse and reiect it : if it bee of the second , repugnant to sensualitie or affection ; the vvill of God is , that wee accept it : both which are Propositions manifest by the scripture , euery leafe wherof almost doth exhorte vs to mortification of the old man , as Mortificate membra vestra quae sunt super terram , Mortifie your members that are on the earth , and , Siautem spiritu facta carnis mortificaueritis , viuetis , If by the spirit yow mortifie the act● of the fleash yow shall liue , yet with this exception , if true and vnfained discretion require not the contrarie , hauing respect to health , person , qualitie , tyme , and place , with other like circumstances ; but if such be the circumstances and so indifferent the reasons on both sides , as in veritie a man knoweth not which to doe or choose , either to doe or leaue vndone , to resist or admit the thing , then must hee dispatche and choose the one or the other , allwayes with the intention aboue said of the vvill of God , rather then with distraction , and breaking his braines , and losse of tyme , make too long discussion ; except ( which happeneth seldom ) the matter bee of such consequence that it deserueth it , in which case hee must vse prayer and counfaile of godly men , and such as are of mature iudgement . If the thing be of the third kind , namely indifferent , neither according nor yet against sensualitie to doe or to leaue vndone ; a man may choose which side hee will , alwayes with this intention of the vvill of God , and sayeng in his heart and mynd vnto him selfe ; I will doe or accept , or I will not doe or reiect this for thy will and pleasure ; which doing , the thing that so hee shall leaue or doe with this intention , shal be as well the vvill of God as if it had bein commaunded or forbidden : the reason is , because the worke followeth the intention ; so that such things not commaunded or forbidden but in themselfes indifferent , are made good or bad by their good or bad intention . For better intelligence wherof must be vnderstood , that as all the fruit of the tree as well little as great appertaineth to him that is master therof ; so all the fruits of works , words , and thoughts of a man appertaine vnto his Lord and God ; and by consequence hee ought to doe nothing be it neuer so little , either in accepting or reiecting , consenting or resisting , doing or suffering , but for him and his glorie , the Apostle sayeng , Quodcunque facitis in verbo aui in opere , omnia in nomine Domini nostri Iesu Christi facite , VVhatsoeuer yow doe either in word or worke , doe it all in the name of our Lord Iesus Christ . Further , though all our life must be for God , yet all our life is not limited ; though all our works must be for him either in doing or suffering , accepting or reiecting , consenting or resisting , yet hath hee not limited all , nor commaunded which wee shall accept or reiect , resist or consent vnto , but hath left the most parte of our life and works in our owne choise , to doe or to leaue vndone , accept or reiect without any synne ; namely , all those things of this classe or order which heer wee call indifferent , as being free from commaundement or prohibition . Heervpon then , this our purpose is easilie proued ( to weet ) that by such intention these works indifferent are the vvill of God. For , whatsoeuer God will haue vs knowe and doe , hee giueth vs meanes to knowe and doe the same ; but in all these things indifferent hee will haue vs knowe and doe his will as by the Apostle alleaged appeareth , and hath giuen no other meanes to knowe and doe the same but by our application of intention , seing they are not commaunded or prohibited by any lawe ; therfore this application of intention in such things is the meanes to knowe and doe the vvill of God. Moreouer , hee doth the vvill of God whoe exhibiteth vnto him his honor in the best manner possible ; but in all these things indifferent thear is no better māner to exhibite his honor vnto him thē by applicatiō of intentiō ; therfore hee that in these things indifferent will vse such application of intention to God , shall ( doubtles ) execute his will. Also , in all works that bee lawfull , such is the worke exterior as God seeth to be the heart and intention interior ; but God seeth in thes indifferent things which be lawfull , the heart interior thus directed to be according to his will ; therfore the worke exterior is likewise according to his will. Likewise , when in doing anything the vvill of God and ours pretend one end , the worke is done for the same end ; but in doing these things indifferent the vvill of God pretendeth his honor ( as is proued ) and by application of intentiō our will pretēds also the same ; therfor in doing such things indifferēt with such application of intention they are the vvill of God. Also , those things are the vvill of God which are don according as he demandeth of vs ; but God demaunds of vs that these things indifferent be done for his honor ( as is proued by the Apostle ) and by such applicatiō of intentiō to God wee doe thē for his honor ; therfore whē wee doe these things indifferēt with applicatiō of intētiō to God , they are the vvill of God. Againe , those things are the vvill of God in which Gods intention and mans are but one ; but in these things indifferēt done with rectificatiō of intention Gods intention and ours are but one ( to weet , his glorie ) therfore when in these things indifferent wee haue this rectification of intention , they are the vvill of God. It is then plaine that these works indifferent done with this end and intentiō are as well the vvill of God as the things that wee doe because they are commaunded , or reiect because they are forbidden , though in those our intention must follow the worke , but in these the worke our intentiō ; for in things cōmaunded or forbiddē , our intentiō must bee cōformed to the work which the law hath limited but in things indifferēt the work must be cōformed to our intention which the lawe hath left at libertie . On which point I haue bein somewhat the longer , for that I haue knowne some which doubted in the practise therof . By this therfore yow see the rule of things commaunded , forbidden , and indifferent , which are the three mysticall dayes of which is said , Iter trium dierum ibimus in desertum , & sacrificabimus domino , VVee will goe tbree dayes iourney into the desert , and offer sacrifice vnto our Lord. For , what is this iourney els then the vvill of God by which a man trauaileth toward Paradise and discouereth the life eternall , as is said ? Illîc iter quò ostendam illi salutare Dei , Thear is the iourney whear I will shewe him the saluation of God : and what may be these three dayes of this iourney but these three points wherin the vvill of God is fownd ? and worthily they are called ( dayes ) for the great light which they bring . This desert is the penitent life , or voyage of the vvill of God in the light of these three dayes as it is written ; Domine , in lumine vultus tui ambulabunt , & in virtute tua exultabunt tota die , O Lord , in the light of thy face they will walke , and in thy vertue they will exult all day long : and during these three dayes , and by these three things is offered ( as is commaunded ) self will by mortification of the same , of which sacrifice it is said , Sacrificium Deo spiritus contribulatus , The afflicted spirit is to God a sacrifice , which is more pleasing vnto him , yea then the sacrifices of beasts ; for ( sayth S. Gregorie ) In sacrificus aliena caro , in obedientia autem propria voluntas mactatur , By sacrifices is offered the fleash of beasts , but by obedience selfwill is killed . Exceptions from this rule , and solutions of certaine obiections touching things commaunded , forbidden , and indifferent . CHAP. VII . IF one aske touching these things indifferent in respect of the lawe yet not in respect of sensualitie , but are agreeable therunto , whither one may not choose the side which is according to sensualitie , and so reiect that which is bitter , and admitt that which is pleasant ; I answer , if it be by true discretion , as for health or otherwise , then it is no question but hee may ( as alreadie is said ) but without such iust occasion , though it be possible to doe it for the vvill of God , yet is it impossible to doe it only and purely for the vvill of God , without somme mixture of affection or sensualitie ; and so to doe is verie dangerous . I say ( it is dangerous ) aswell because in so choosing that side which pleaseth sensualitie , hee doth not mortifie the same as hee ought ; as also because it is to be feared that in so doing hee deceiueth himself , doing the thing either wholie or partly to please sensualitie , though hee both say and thinke to doe it for Gods vvill . I say it also ( impossible ) to doe it simplie and purely for God , especially when deliberatly and of sett purpose hee so chooseth according to sensualitie ; because no reason can moue him so to choose : for seing a man ought allwayes to bend to mortification , what reason is thear why hee should willingly , wittingly , and deliberatly , without any respect of health or other matter of discretion choose the things delightfull to sensualitie ? and so doing it not according to the true light of reason , it is impossible that his intention should bee pure and only for God , without some mixture of sensualitie or self loue , though more or lesse according as the person is more or lesse imperfect : yet if it be done by surprise , suddainly , or for want of taking heed , it may be done for the only vvill of God ; namely if remembring himself , hee therunto purely and wholly addresse and leuell his intention . As for the things commaunded which seeme agreable to nature and sensualitie , as to eate or drinke , play or recreat himself , walke or visit some place or person wherin he taketh pleasure and contentment ; as likewise for the things forbidden disagreeable to sensualitie and affection , as to leaue of fasting , working , discipline , or any other painfull , bitter , difficile , or vnpleasant thing , a man must fortifie and strengthen his intention , least it be ouerthrowne or wounded and weakned by the force of sensualitie , or the impulsion of vnbridled affection ; which hee must doe by producing contrarie acts , namely , by casting of and turning away his mind from the contētmēt and pleasure of such a thing , and stopping all his spirituall powres and vnderstanding against the sensualitie therof ; and contrarywise by fixing his heart and mind and all his powers on God , and so offer himself vnto him as his vessell or instrument , wherby hee may doe that work only for his honor and will , without any pleasure or proper cōmoditie of this his creature ; and so doing it cometh to passe in those that vse it , that wheras before the soule tooke her repose and delight rather in the sensualitie and contentment of such a thing , then in the vvill of God , after such a spiritual act , shee taketh her whole ioy and delight in the only vvill of God. But some will demaund , if after such diligēce hee findeth still himself drawne and allured by sensualitie or affection , what is to be done . A man must proceed in another manner vsing more subtiltie , and making of necessitie a vertue in accepting the same sensualitie or affection ( which hee can not be rid of ) togeather with such a worke euen at the hands of God as his will ; not as a pleasure but as a paine , not as sensualitie but as the crosse of Christ , as in verie deed to such a soule it is . For better intelligence wherof , because this point is of great consequence , as being euen the verie knott of the spiritual life ; and because it is a block wherat many stumble , and a ditch which almost all fall into , not knowing how to behaue themselfes in this battaile , I will say somewhat farther therof . VVee must then knowe and remember , that thear be twoe partes of our soule , sensible or sensitiue ; and spirituall or reasonable ; wherof the one is allwayes contrarie to the other and haue their contrarie desirs ; the sensible part desiring sensible things against the spirit , and contrariewise the spirituall part spirituall things against the sensible , as sayth S. Paule , Spiritus concupiscit aduersus carnem , caro autem aduersus spiritum , The spirit coueteth against the fleash , and the fleash against the spirit . Moreouer , that the one of these partes , namely the spirituall , is allwayes in our power to make it suiect to God and his lawe , because of her free will which is naturall , and grace which is all wayes readie : but the part which is sensible is not so allwayes subiect , nor in our power to make it obey God , and followe that which is good , but often resisteth the good which by our reason wee would doe , and followeth the euill which wee would not doe ; wherfore S. Paule sayth heerof , Non quod volo bonum hoc facio , sed quod nolo malūhoc ago , I doe not the good which I would , but the euill which I would not , that doe I. Further , because God is not vniust , tyrannicall , and cruell , but contrariewise iust , sweet and mercifull , hee hath not commaunded vs things vnpossible and aboue our power , or imposed a burthen heauie to be caried , but contrariewise hath commaunded that which is easie , as is said , Mādata eius non sunt grauia , His commaundements are not heauie , And Iugum meum suaue est , & onus meum leue , My yoake is sweet , and my burthen light . And therfore by consequence though hee hath commaunded vs to keepe this spirituall part wholy subiect to his lawe being ( as is sayd ) a thing possible , yet hah hee not commaunded so to keepe subiect the sensible , being ( as is shewed ) a thing impossible , but only to keepe it so much subiect as wee can , by due mortification and by the rule of reason : wherfore this rebellion of the inferior part is neuer any synne so long as the superior part doth her indeuor , and be the rebellion neuer so vnreasonable , if it preuaile not against reason , it shall neuer be imputed to the partie reasonable , but contrarywise it shal be crowned , as hauing lawfully fought . VVherfore when in these things cōmaunded or in any other done by true discussiō , a man feeleth any delight or sensualitie little or great against reasō and this puritie of intentiō of Gods vvill , and hauing resisted in bringing forth contrarie interior acts , and yet such motion or rebellion remaineth , he ought not to dispaire or loose courage as many doe thinking that all is lost , and that hee is not able to resist sufficiently ; but ( as is said ) hee ought with courage to perseuer , assuring himself that hee shall not be ouercome except hee will himself by consent of the partie superior and spirituall . Therfore ( as is aboue said ) let him take and accept such an interior battaile as frō the hand of God ( that is ) as his will , and as the crosse of Christ , knowing that his crosse cometh not only by exterior iniuries ( as many think ) but also by interior warrs as heer is seene , and as hee knewe fullwell which said , Video autem aliam legem in membris meis repugnamē legi mētis meae , & captiuantē me in legem peccati , I perceiue another lawe within mee repugnant to the lawe of my mind , and drawing mee to the law of synne ; and likewise hee which said , Factus sum mihimet ipsi grauis , I ame made burthensom vnto my self . But heer againe in this conflict against carnall and sensuall motions thear seemeth yet an other doubt and obscuritie to be brought to light ; which is , that though by this which is said a man may know that if the partie superior consent not but doe her endeuour , the rebellion or motion of the partie inferior can neuer hurt him , yet knoweth hee not some tymes when it is so , and when not . For , so great is the motion sensuall or carnall that often tymes it so troubleth reason , and obscureth the light and serenitie of the spirituall part , that shee is not able to iudge whether shee hath consented or not . I answer , that neither is it necessarie that wee know it assuredly , but only probably , for the better preseruatiō of humilitie : for if wee knewe assuredly that wee had ouercome it , wee should be in more danger to fall by pride then before by the fight , and were like by elatiō of mynd to loose more in peace then by valiant fight wee had gained in warre : but yet may wee know it asmuch as is for our good , and asmuch as God seeth to be healthfull for vs , namely by coniecture and probabilitie ; which knowledge and assurance cometh two wayes ; first , if hee haue this firme purpose and general resolutiō habitualy , neuer at any tyme to cōmitt mortall synne ; secōdly , if in his cōscience hee thinke that hee neuer gaue ouer the fight but still resisted , though this resistāce seemed not so strong ; for though it seemed weake , this weaknes might come of twoe causes ; first , for want of good will to resist , and then it is in deed such as it seemeth , namely weake ; and so is very like to haue offended . Secondly , this weaknes may come by reason of the impulsion of the temptation causing great feeling and delectation in the inferior parte drowning ( as it were ) the sensible feeling and knowledge , of resistance , and goodwill ; which notwithstanding liueth and keepeth entire in the superior parte , and then this want of resistance is not such is it seemeth , but is in deed verie great , and so hee offendeth not . But how shall I knowe ( say yow ) of which of these twoe causes this feeble resistance cometh ? I aunswer , by the aboue said habituall and continuall firme purpose and resolution neuer to commit synne ; for if hee be not accustomed to haue this purpose , hee may know when hee feeleth none or almost no will to resist the temptation , that hee hath none in deed ; but if hee haue this generall purpose hee may verily thinke that hee hath resisted and kept pure his spirit and the powers therof , though like the three children in the glowing fornace , flaming with the fire of concupiscēce so heated by Nabuchodonosor the diuell , king of all Babylon and confusion . Moreouer , it must heer be noted that when wee speake of things commaunded or forbidden , wee intend not only the great things which were mortall synne to committ them or to leaue them vndone , but also little matters which being commaunded were veniall synne or imperfection to omit , or being forbidden were the like to committ , for heer wee treat not only of the obseruing of Gods commandements , but principally of the way to perfection , which consisteth in auoyding of imperfections : and heer also must alwayes be remembred that ( as is aboue said ) by this word ( lawe or commaundement ) I meane not only the lawe of God and of his church , but of superiors spirituall and tēporall , as likewise of the order , state , and condition of euery one , and finally of the commaundement or intention ( not contrarie to God ) of father , mother , or any other to whom wee are bownd to obay ; so that whenas by any of these kind of lawes , commaundements , or intentions wee ought to doe or leaue vndone any thing , hee should much deceiue himselfe which should doe the contrarie be the thing neuer so small , though vnder pretext of perfection or cōtemplation , because ( as is written ) Melior est obedientia quàm victimae , Obedience is better then sacrifices . And whoesoeuer should so doe willingly and wittingly , ordinarily is in great dāger through inobedience by little and little to fall into some great error and ruine of his soule ; and also if hee were of any particular order of Religion , by such leauing of little customs and ceremonies , to help ( for his part ) to ruinate his Order fenced in and defended with such customs as a gardin with a hedge . VVherfore , I wish him to heare what Ecclesiastes sayth vnto him , Qui dissipat sepem , mordebit eum coluber , Hee which pulleth downe the hedge , the snake will bite him ; and to receiue this admonition from the wise man , Ne transgrediaris terminos antiquos quos posuerunt Patres tui , Passe not the ancient bownds which thy fathers haue putt before thee . For , how can that tend to perfection that nourisheth proper will , and leaueth of obedience ? or how can that tend to perfection that diminisheth true performance of profession ? But what more diminisheth true performance of his profession then to abandon the good customs and constitutions of his Religion , which though they be not the essentiall or verie substance throf , yet are they the wall , trenche , or bulwarke to defend the same ? For as no Captaine of a castle or Gouernour of a towne is so foolish as to beat downe the walles or bullwarks , or to fill vp the trenches or ditches of the same which defendeth the towne , and maketh the enemy employ his forces and spend his munition , shott , and powder to win the same , and to beate them downe before hee can assalt the castle or towne it selfe : so is hee no wiser who beateth downe and abolisheth such ceremonies and customes which keepe in safetie the essentiall of his Rule ( namely his three vowes and other things commaunded vnder paine of synne ) and which make the spirituall enemies to spend their forces in expugning the same before they can come to that which is of greater consequence . For , as when such defences of the towne be destroyed , the enemy layeng his seige against it forthwith planteth his Canons and beateth at his will and pleasure against the very howses of the same euen vnto the heart therof , and so it is in great danger to be taken and subdued : in like manner when such ceremonies be abrogated , the enemy beseiging the cittie of the soule , without any lett layeth on his whole forces , and with his fierie arrowes shooteth full butt against the naked essentiall poynts and vndefēded vowes of his professiō ; so that hee ought to be so far from such contempt of those things , that though he were in great sublime contemplation , yet if hee knew that such things were to be done , hee ought for the causes aboue said to leaue the same . But herein lieth the sore and imperfection in this case , that they thinke they should be farther frō God , and diminishe their spirituall light whiles they are employed in the accomplishmēt of such little things and ceremonies ; so that they doe not only omit them by frailtie , but also wittinglie and of sett purpose . But ●f so it be that by these meanes they be seques●red from God , and their light decreased , it is either because they doe it vnwillinglie , namely exteriorlie , and not in mynd ; which in effect before God whoe regardeth the will , is as much as to leaue it vndone : or els if they doe it willinglie , it is not ( as heer is taught ) for the vvill of God only ; for if this were their end , so far should they be from being alienated from God , and their light diminished , that they should therby be neerer vnto him , and their light much encreased ; because this will ( which is spirit and life ) doth illuminate , illustrate , and so change the works , that of corporall they become spirituall , of darke and exterior , cleere and interior ; and therfore of those that so doe them it is written , Quia tenebraenon obscurabuntur a te , & nox sicut dies illuminabitur ; sicut tenebrae eius it a & lumen eius , Darknes shall not be hidden to thee , and the night shall shine as the day ; the light and the darknes shall bee alike : and Egredietur diabolus ante ped●● eius , The diuell shall goe foorth before his feef as being troden vnder the same by such obedience , Ante faciem eius ibit mors , Death shall goe before his face , as being beaten away by the life ( which is this will ) and by the great light wherwith hee is cloathed , and life wherwith his spirit is filled . And this is the true actiue and contemplatiue life ( to weet ) not separated ( as many take it ) but ioined togeather , making of works exterior , interior ▪ of temporall , spirituall ; of obscure , illuminated ; and finally , which so ioineth in one and the same worke contemplation with the action , and that without preiudice or hinderance one of another , wherof wee will speake more amply in her due place . Hovv six degrees are contained in this Intention , that sayth ; I vvill doe this for the only vvill of God. Of the first degree . CHAP. VIII . THIS rule therfore thus obserued of things commaunded , forbidden , and indifferent , with those other obseruations therunto adioyned , the vvill of God shall euery whear in all things appeare most plainly ; and so it resteth that wee doe the same by the practise of the aboue said generall rule in the third chapter expressed ; namely , that wee doe all things for this end of the vvill of God , and neuer begin any worke , whether it be exterior or interior , corporall or spirituall , in repelling vice or acquiring vertue ; be it a thing commaunded , forbidden , or indifferēt , be it naturall or supernaturall , little or greate , finally be it whatsoeuer ; wee neuer ( I say ) begin to doe it till wee haue first addressed our intention vnto God , sayeng by word and thought , or at least by thought from the bottome of our heart : O Lord , I will doe this or I will suffer , I will resist or will pursue &c. this thing only for thy will and pleasure . But that the puritie and perfection of this intention may be the better vnderstood , and the deuout soule may more cleerly discerne , and more easily expell all impuritie , which no lesse secretly then commonly doth contaminate the same , wee will declare it more plainly . This intention therfore which saith , I will doe or suffer this or that only for the vvill of God , containeth six degrees or perfections ( to weet ) Actually , Onely , VVillingly , Cleerly , Assuredly , Speedily . And this intention with these six degrees , hath bein figured by the six degrees of Salomōs Throne in these words ; King Salomon built a Throne of Iuory , and couered it vvith shining gold , vvhich had six degrees , and the topp therof vvas rovvnd in the hinder part , and tvvoe handles on each side vpholding the seat , and on each handle tvvoe lyons , and on each side of the degrees tvvelue little 〈◊〉 such a vvorke vvas not to be fovvnd in any kingdome . This king Salomon is Iesus Christ , whoe worthily may attribute vnto himselfe this name Salomō which signifieth ( peaceable ) seing hee bringeth peace to the soule wherin hee maketh his aboad , for Factus est in pace locus eius , His dwelling is in peace . Now , in the soule as in his pallace hee hath made a throne of white Iuory of ( pure intention and diuine will ) large , to be capable of his diuine maiestie , garnishing it with fine gold of ( perfect charitie ) This throne hath the six foresaid degrees , of which wee are to treat . The topp of this Throne or ( compleat perfection of intention ) is rownd without end or limit ( to weet ) Perpetuall in the hinder part , which looketh towards the other world and life eternall : for though the fore parte of the Intention which regardeth vs hath a beginning , yet that which is behind hidden from vs which looketh towards God and eternitie shall neuer haue end , for Charitas non excidit , Charitie hath no fall . But which is the seate of this th one wherin God reposeth himself , if not ( constant perseuerance ? ) of which seate is said , Sedes tua Deus in saeculum saeculi , Thy seat ( ô God ) remaineth for euer . The twoe handles which vphold the seate , are the twoe parts of strength , which are ( according to S. Thomas ) Aggredi and Sustinere , To vndertake and sustaine , or , to doe and suffer ; which handles firmely support this seate of ( Perseuerance ) not permitting it to fall . One was at the one end , to weet ( to Vndertake ) at the beginning ; the other at the other end , to weet ( to Sustaine ) at the end . The fower lyons are the fower Cardinall vertues , or rather the fowre principall partes of the soule , the vnderstanding , the will , the powers irascible and concupiscible : the twelue little lyons are the eleuen Passions of the mind with Discretion which doth tame them , and of lyons and furious beasts make them domesticall and seruiceable . They were vpon the degrees , because ( being well gouerned ) they maintaine and preserue them . They were six on each side , because six of these passions haue their residence in the Concupiscible powre , and six in the Irascible , placing thear Discretion . Loe then this mysticall throne : O glorious th one ! ô maiesticall seate ! ô sublime intention ! ô diuine worke of great Salomon ! It is not without good reason said of thee , that no kingdome can afford they like ; ô throne which beautifieth the soule geuing her to vnderstand this sweet inuitation of God sayeng , Veni ( electa mea ) & ponam in te thronum meum , Come ( my elect ) and I will place my throne in thee . Oh holie intention and throne of God , whear hee sitteth to renue in the soule all things therin contained , according as is written , Dixit qui sedebat in throno ; Ecce noua facio omnia , Hee whoe sate in the throne , sayd , Behold , I make all things new . Lett vs consider therfore the compleat perfection of this throne , ascending by order the degrees therof . The first wherof is Actually , by which is meant an actuall remembrance of this vvill of God , which consisteth in lifting vp our mynd to the same , and rectifieng our intention according therunto : by which degree of ( Remembrance ) is excluded all obliuion of this will , whensoeuer wee begin any thing spirituall or corporall ; which is a common fault , causing an infinit losse , and depriuing vs of an vnspeakable treasure of the light of grace , and of an vnknowne waight of merit . Yet to eschew this extremitie of Obliuion , a man must not fall into the contrarie excesse of ouermuch Remembrance , in multiplyeng so many acts , and rectifieng so often his intention as to trouble the braine . And therfore when I say that a man must direct his intention in all works , I meane not of euery little action done by euery part and sence of the body or power of the soule , but of such works as are distinguished and separated in them selfes ; but particularly and aboue all , wee must not forget those which wee feele to please or displease nature very much ; for it is thear ( as they say ) whear the Hare goeth away , and wherin consisteth true aduancement . Note also , that though allwayes hee ought so to direct his intention whensoeuer hee beginneth to doe or suffer any thing , sayeng , I will doe or suffer this ( oh Lord ) for thy will ; this is to be vnderstood of all those tymes when hee is distracted , and thinketh not already of the same will , nor hath his spirit lifted vp to God ; and not when hee hath it so eleuated as it may happen , especially if hee be diligent , and the worke be shorte and not distractiue of it self . For if after such direction of intention at the beginning hee be diligent in turning away his mind togeather with his eyes and other sences from all exterior things , and fixing his spirit in this will and diuine pleasure , and be attētiue only vnto God , hee may still remaine vnited vnto him , vntill hee take in hand some other thing . Likewise , the worke being soone done , or els being not distractiue , but rather drawing the soule to deuotion and towards God , as in singing hymnes or diuine seruice ; a man may haue his mind still lifted vp , which if so it be , I say not that hee direct a new his intention taking in hand a new thing , but that hee so still remaine with his mind so eleuated vnto God : for if hee doe otherwise , hee should rather descend lower then be raised higher , though ( perhaps ) this case falleth not out often , but that hee hath his mind distracted and the intention crooked , or at least not so vpright but that the mind may be more recollected , and the intention more rectified . Neuerthelesse , a man must not be scrupulous if hee faile in this degree and some others , as though hee had committed some synne , seing the desire hee hath to practise this Rule doth add no new obligation . Of the second degree of perfect Intention . CHAP. IX . THE second degree of this mysticall Throne of pure intention and diuine will is Only ( that is ) that this will be theyr only , simple , and alone the end which moueth the mind to doe or suffer the thing . VVhich degree excludeth all other ends and intentions whatsoeuer ; and first the euill and malitious intentions as to doe the thing for pride , enuie , couetousnes , gluttonie &c. Secondy , all imperfect end and intentions , as to doe the thing for humaine respect , fauor of men , self loue , proper complacence , seruile feare , sensualitie , particular profit , and the like ; and ( in somme ) all veniall synnes , and whatsoeuer is absolutlie of her owne nature imperfection . Finally , heerby is excluded not only the euill intētion , and that which is of it owne nature imperfect , but also that which is of her nature good , but comparatiuely bad , namely compared with a better , as to doe penance , discipline , fast , to eschew the paines of hell , to merit to be rewarded , to goe to heauen , and the like ; which intentions though they be good in them selfes , yet are they not so , compared with the only vvill of God which is farr better ( as hath bein shewed ) and are therfore heer excluded . VVherfore this degree and perfection especially appertaineth and is referred to the mortification of all our passions and affections , selfe loue , vntemperate desires , and all other imperfections ; all which as bad weedes springing vp in the fertile grownd of our good works , are rooted out with this fitt instrument or degree of ( Onely ) and as crooked boughes shooting out of the straight tree of our intention , are cutt of with the sharpe sword of the onely vvill of God ; the same being ( as is said ) a right rule to measure whether the line of our intention be drawne straight or no. VVherfore let the deuout Reader take this for a generall and infallible Rule , that whensoeuer in his worke he hath not this sole intention and onely vvill of God for his end without any mixture of other intention whatsoeuer , it hath in it imperfection be it neuer so secretly hidden , yea from the partie himself ; but assoone as this only will beareth sway and taketh entire possession of the heart , all darknes is discouered by the light therof , and all obscuritie of imperfection is cast out by the shining brightnes of the same . Oh how often are wee deceiued for want of this light ! how straight thinke wee to be our intention ! how holie our desire ! how excellent our worke ! how good an opinion haue wee of our selfes ! but assoone as this light cometh , downe must goe the Peacocks feathers seing now her fowlle feet so soyled , and loaden with earthly affections , durtie passions , muddie proprietie , and swinishe self loue ; for so soone as this right Rule of Gods vvill is applied vnto our intention , wee see the crookednes of intēperance and disordinate desire therof . All the world goeth awry , because they will not by this Rule square their intentions , nor by this light examin their actions . In this point therfore let the deuout person labour , heerin let his whole studdie be , in this worke let him recollect and employ all his forces , namely in thus examining his intention in all his affaires , for heerin consisteth all true spirituall profitt ; this is the infallible fowndation in the beginning , the secure way in proceeding , and the consummated perfection in the end of all the Actiue life . The third degree of perfect Intention . CHAP. X. THE third degree of this Throne is , that this intention be vvillingly ( that is ) that the work be done not only for Gods only will , but also willingly , and with full consent , with a certaine repose , peace , trāquillitie , and spirituall contentment therin , that the soule may be made capable of the presence of God and influence of his holie spirit , Quia factus est in pace locus eius , His place and abode is in peace ( that is ) in the soule not disquieted with the noise of troublesome affections and contradicting passions , nor with the tract of contrarie desires drawing her another way . By this degree therfore of vvillingnesse and contentment , is excluded and shutt out all sadnesse , heauinesse , and vnwillingnesse in doing , leauing vndone , or suffering any thing commaunded by any of the lawes aboue said , of what cause soeuer such vnwillingnesse proceed . Farther , this vnwillingnesse and contradiction may spring of diuers causes , and namely of the thing commaunded , as when it is base , abiect , and vile , as to visit prisons to attend the sicke , or doe the offices of the house : also when the thing is vnpleasant , sharpe , and bitter , as discipline , abstinence , or fasting : likewise when it is against our profit , as restitution , hospitalitie , or almesdeeds ; and finally , when it is against our worldly honor , as to support patiently euill , spightfull , or slanderous words , reproches , and all kind of iniuries . Againe , this Vnwillingnesse may come by occasion of the partie that commaundeth , as because hee is , or is thought to be simple , poore , or vnlearned ; or that hee is his enemy or at least not his freind , or hath done or spoken somewhat vnkindly to him . Likewise it may come in respect of the tyme when hee should doe the thing , as when hee is commaunded to doe it when hee would rest , take his refection , recreation , or doe some other thing of his owne ; or when contrariewise hee hath a mind to doe it and is cōmaunded to repose , eate , or rest from labour , or should doe some other particular thing then that . Also , this Vnwillingnesse may come in respect of the maner of the worke , as when it must be done speedily , laboriously , and diligently ; or meekly , humbly , and to his owne confufion and to the abating of his pride . Finally , it may happen in respect of the place , as when it is publicke , vnpleasant , loathsome . By all these occasions ( I say ) with the like , this sadnes creepeth into the worke when wee doe the same , though they all spring of one only cause , namely proper will ; and must be remoued and cast out by this degree of ( willingnesse and contentment ) remembring that such is the pleasure and will of that soueraigne will whoe for his owne delight and seruice created ours . Moreouer , thear is an other kind of wnwillingnesse in doing the vvill of God which is more secret , and proceedeth of causes lesse known , but no lesse contrarie to the same vvill of God and degree of ( willingnesse ) and these causes are commonly couered with pretence of pietie , as of prayer , fasting , teaching , studdyeng , preaching , and the like ; so that many when by their superior they are commanded any thing which may interrupt their exercise , they doe it not willingly but vnwillingly and with sadnesse , proper will persuading them that they were better occupied before , and blinding them so , that they can not see how much Obedientia melior est quàm victima , Obedience is better then sacrifices ; nor knowe , that though in themselfes such works be good , yet are they nought worth , done against the vvill of God manifested vnto vs by his lawe , and the commaunding or knowne intention of the lawfull superior , namely , so long as hee commaundeth not against the fame lawe . A third kinde of vnwillingnesse ariseth from another cause yet more secret and vnknowne ; namely , when a man knoweth that it is the vvill of God , and also willingly taketh it in hand , but vnwillingly bestoweth his spirit , his endeuour , and tyme vpon it to doe it well and faythfully , but turning his mind from the same , casteth it on God and his will , and so neglecteth the worke , making it not so perfect as hee ought ; which is a notable and most secret deceipt ; for , casting so his mind from the worke to the vvill of God , hee diuideth the said worke and will which are but one , making the worke one thing and the will another : and so when hee seeketh God but of the worke , hee seeketh him out of his will ; and turning from the worke , hee turneth from his will , casting of his mind from the worke hee casteth it from his will , and ( finally ) going out of his worke hee goeth out of his will and pleasure , because the worke is his will ; and though still hee doth the worke , yet if it be hot willingly , hee doth it not before God , whoe seeth the heart , and iudgeth according to the will : and therfore how much the more hee so feeketh God , so much the lesse doth hee find him , because God is neuer fownd by doing against his diuine will ; but the more vnwillingly hee doth that which hee commaundeth , and the more hee turneth his interior eyes from it as being wearie therof , the more doth hee against his will , and by consequence the lesse hee findeth him . But God is fownd only by his will ( that is ) by doing that which hee commaundeth ; in his will , which is his worke ; by meanes of his will , which is by meanes of doing the thing which hee willeth , and that willingly and with all our heart and all our strength , as wee are bownd to serue him which all our heart and our strength , not with slownes or fastidiousnesse , for Maledictus homo qui facit opus Deinegligenter , Accursed is that man whoe doth the worke of God negligenly ; nor yet sadly , or ( as it were ) by constraint , for Non ex tristitiae aut nece ssitate , Not with sadnesse or necessitie , but willingly and with contentment , Hilarem enim datorē diligit Deus , For God loueth a ioyfull giuer ; but ( as is said ) hee doth not ioyfully the worke , whoe in doing it , vnwillingly thinketh therof : Hee doth not ( I say ) willingly the vvill of God whoe doing the worke will not thinke therof , but only of his will , as though his worke were not his will , or as if his will were other then his worke ; fynally , as though his worke and his will were not one and the self same thing : so that when to thinke of the will hee will not thinke of the worke , hee thinketh in deed neither of the worke nor of the will ; and the soule that will be so out of the worke to be in God , is neither in deed in God , nor yet in his worke . Let vs therfore lay downe heer for a sure grownd to build vpon , for an infallible Maxime to resolue this matter , and for a shining light to dissipat and dissolue this cloud ( namely ) that when any worke presenteth it selfe to be done , following the Rules aboue said , the same verie worke it self , be it corporall or spirituall , inasmuch as it appertaineth to mee , is the verie vvill of God , and to mee is spirit and life . I say ( the verie worke it selfe ) to signifie the thing done , and to exclude all imaginations of any other thing , either in heauen , or in earth , or in our soule , excepting as that thing it selfe is in our soule . I say ( both corporall and spirituall ) that none may think the corporall to be lesse then the spirituall ; and to touche the deceipt and common error heerin of many spirituall men , which doe more willingly the spirituall then the corporall , esteeming the one kind more noble then the other , and deeming to find more life and light in the one then in the other ; which though it be true in respect only of themselfes , and good so to doe , preferring the one before the other when a man hath libertie to take his choise ; yet is it otherwise when the vvill of God inter poseth it self by meanes of any obligation or commādement ; for then it is ill done , and a man deceiueth himself in preferring the spirituall before the corporall , obedience being ( as is said ) better then sacrifice . I say ( in as much as it appertaineth vnto me ) to exclude the substance of the thing be it corporall or spirituall substance togeather also with all her Accidents , as the whitenes , blacknes , and all kind of colours ; sweetnes or bitternes and all kind of tastes ; greatnes , smallnes and all kind of proportions ; and finally , all the qualities and accidents , as not being this vvill of God , but as it appertaineth vnto mee ( that is ) in as much as it ought to be in my soule , as being brought vnto the same by the corporall powers and fiue sences , Nihil est enim in Intellectu quod non fuerit prius in Sensu , Thear is nothing in the vnderstanding which was not first of all in some of the fiue Sences ; which fiue Sences bring it into the three Powers of the soule , Intelligence , Memorie , and VVill , which keepe , retaine , and ( as it were ) digest , worke , and metamorphose the same into another forme by taking away the vayle therof , putting of the corporall Image ; and so bringing it to a pure abstraction doth lodge it in the essence of the soule : Thus ( I say ) the worke is in our soule , and thus it appertaineth vnto vs. Taking therfore the worke in this forte , it is the verie vvill of God , and to him that so doth it spirit and life . For , though thear be some darknes by reason of the Image or imagination of the worke in my spirit , yet is the same turned into light by the feruour and light of this diuine will , wherby the soule seeth , nor tasteth ought els but God and his sweet will and pleasure : and how much more willingly the worke is done in this order ( to weet ) in not diuiding the worke and the will , but esteeming the verie worke to be the verie will , so much the more cleerly doth the soule see this will , and perfectly enioy God ; the worke that seemed corporall being so turned wholie into spirituall . And note , that when I say one must not looke on the vvill of God but on the worke , my meaning is ( as I haue said ) that hee ought not to looke or behold the will a parte , as it is not ; but as one and the self same thing with the worke , as it is ; nor that hee should turne his spirit and affection from the worke , but contrariewise fix it still in the same , yet alwayes , as in his will. VVhear is to be noted , that as some are in this extremitie to turne their mind from the worke , and fix it on the vvill of God ; so are they in farre greater number which leane to the contrarie , turning their mind from the vvill of God to fix it on the worke ; so that as the one ( which be spirituall ) find not the vvill of God because they seeke it not in his worke ; so the others ( which are the worldlings , and vndeuout ) doe not the worke of God , because they seeke it not in his will : for , as wee doe but lie to God and in vayne seduce our selfes , in thinking to loue his will and yet neglect his worke ; so doe wee no lesse , when wee thinke to doe his worke and yet neglect his will. It is therfore euident , that to vnite both these extremities , and amend these twoe contrarie imperfections , the vvill of God ( according to the aboue said Maxime ) must be ioyned with his worke , and his worke with his will , and neuer make them twoe , but perfectly one and the self same thing ; acknowledging that the accomplishing of the worke is his verie will , and that his will is the verie accomplishing of the worke , though the reformatiō of this latter imperfection of doing the worke without hauing regard to the vvill of God , appertaineth to the first degree of Actuall remembrance . Of the fourth degree of perfect Intention . CHAP. XI . THE fourth degree of this Throne , or persection of this intention is , Certainty , or Assurance , with which it ought to be munited and fortified , namely , that when one hath directed his intention to doe the worke for the only vvill of God , hee assure himself that in veritie it is the vvill of God. By this degree and perfection of Assurance is excluded all doubts and hesitations , which because in this poynt they often intrude them selfs , to the great preiudice of the true and faythfull practise therof , I will endeuour to resolue them , by declaring and taking away the causes wherof they spring . The first cause then , wherof these doubts doe spring , is because in matters indifferent a man knoweth not whether hee hath chosen that side which pleaseth God or nor , in doing or leauing vndone any thing ; which happeneth because forgetting his rule hee knoweth not how to discerne the matter , taking a wrong meanes of discerning the same ( to weet ) in wayghing the exterior thing , and cōsidering whether it be more agreable to God to leaue or doe it , to doe this or to doe that . For remedy therfore heerof , hee must knowe that this is not the meanes in things indifferent ; but must iudge therof by an interior discussiō , and not by the exterior thing , namely , by a view or examen of the intētion ; which if it tend directly to the vvill of God , hee hath in veritie chosen that which is his will ; because in such indifferent things the worke followeth the intention , and not the intention the worke . The second doubt is in little matters , and proceeds from the smallnes and little valew therof , perswading some that God esteemeth not such things , sayeng ( as it were ) in them selfes : God careth much for this or that ; or , hath God need , or maketh hee accompt of these smalle things ? The remedie wherof is , to remember that as wee must not serue God only with a parte but with all our forces , so must wee not only doe some of our actions but all for him ; and therfore the little aswell as the great . Also , that God measureth the goodnesse of the worke , not by the exterior valew but by the inward intention , and a little thing in our eyes may be great before God : For , like as the garment of russet embroadred with gold and sett with perles , is richer then that of veluet without any ornament ; the cloake lined with veluet is more costly then one of taffata lined with searge ; so the least worke exterior with perfect intention , is better then the greatest with an imperfect intentiō . Finally , the remedie of this doubt is , to remember to what the Apostle exhorteth vs sayeng , Omne quodcunque facitis in verbo aut in opere , omnia in nomine domininostri Iesu Christi facite , All whatsoeuer yow doe or say , doe it in the name of our Lord Iesus Christ : for , sayeng that all our workes should be done for God , hee excepteth not the least worke , yea includeth the least word . And S. Augustin to this purpose sayth , Thow doest prayse God when thow doest thy busynes . The third kinde of things wherof these doubts and this hesitation commeth ; are things pleasant and sensuall , as eating , drinking , recreations , and the like ; because that being so agreable vnto nature and sensualitie some will thinke ( perhaps ) that they say not syncerely , but rather faine , and mocke ( as it were ) God , in sayeng they doe them for his only will and to please him , feeling that it pleaseth theyr nature and sensualitie : which error proceedeth from the euill custome wherunto a man hath giuen himself , to doe such things only by the motion , tract , and impulsion of pleasure and sensualitie , without intention or regard had to the vvill of God : for , hauing contracted such a long custome to doe them so , to satisfie theyr insatiable and brutish sensualitie , not lifting vp theyr mind , nor looking vp to God no more then hoggs in the trowgh , they think such things should be no otherwise done , nor that in deed a man hath the power to rectifie the same , and to doe them for the vvill of God. But to reforme this error , and dissipate this obscuritie , I referr the Reader aswell to the reasons aboue sayd against the second doubt , as also to the expresse words of the Apostle sayeng , Siue manducatis , siue bibitis , siue quid alind facitis , omnia in gloria Dei facite , VVhether yow eate or drinke , or doe any thing els , doe it all to the glorie of God : And S. Augustine sayth to the sowlle well ordered , Thow doest prayse God when thow takest they refection , when thow doest eate , when thow doest drinke ; thow doest prayse him when thow doest repose in thy bed , thow doest also prayse him when thow doest sleepe . The fourth and last doubt and hesitation proceeds from naturall things which seeme abiect , and wherof a man hath some shamefastnesse . For remedie against which hesitation and error , serue very fitly aswell all those reasons against the second and third doubts , as also these words of S. Paul which seemeth to touche the same , Quae putamus ignobiliora a membra corporis esse , his honorem abundantiorem circundamus ; & quae inhonesta sunt nostra , abundantiorem honestatem habent ; that is to say , Those partes which wee think to be the baser and most dishonest members of the bodie , wee couer and adorne with greater care and diligence ; and those that are our most vnhonest parter are more sumptuously decked : wherfore no man in suche case ought to loose the presence of God , knowing that the Sonne beating on the dunghill , is no more obscured then when it shineth on the greene meddowe or fayre feild . Of the fift degree of perfect Intention . CHAP. XII . THE fift degree of this Throne or perfectiō of this Intention is Cleerly ( that is ) that it be accompained with a liuely fayth , namely that according as one knoweth that the worke so done is the vvill of God , so with a liuely fayth , and a cleer sight casting his eyes theron , and firmely fixing them in the same , hee steadfastly behold it as the same very vvill of God , which in deed in it self is no other but God himself . Hee must ( I say ) in spirit behold the worke , not as that worke , but as this will ; looking not on the thing exteriour , but on the diuine pleasure interiour ; not as any thing created , but as the vvill of God and God himself vncreated : for though therin thear be something created , yet that is nothing in respect of him that is thear vncreated ; and though thear be both the one and the other , yet wee must not see both , but turne from the one , and contemplate the other ; because that as it is created and a humaine worke , it bringeth no light , but as it is vncreated and the vvill of God ; so ought wee not to fix our spirit on it as it is a humaine worke , but as it is the vvill of God ; because our spirit can neuer see the beautie , light , and perfection of the one , whiles it is cloathed with the obscure Image of the other : for though hee see by this light of the vvill of God , that hee must doe the worke exteriour or interiour which it requireth , yet must hee not fix his spirit in the worke but in this will ; for as none can see the light of this will which will not doe the worke , so none can see the same light which will only see the worke ; but as the soule is well inspired to doe the worke by motion of that will , so is shee well illuminated when fixed in this will , shee seeth not the worke as a worke , but as the vvill of God. Heer how will say , if shee behold not the worke , how can shee doe it well ? I answer , that I say not simplie that shee should not behold the worke ; but , that shee should not behold it as the worke , but as the vvill of God : for as it is his will that shee doe the worke , so is it that shee doe it not as the worke , but as his will ; and therfore in the worke must only looke vpon his will. But shee cannot choose ( say yow ) but behold the worke in doing it , though shee doe what shee can to the contrarie . I answer , that though shee cannot choose but see the worke , yet can shee choose whether shee will see it as the work or as the vvill of God , namely , by this degree of liuely fayth : And if shee doe what shee can , not to see the worke as the worke , but to fix herselfe only in the vvill of God , all the rest of the worke which by imagination or otherwise remaineth in the mind is the vvill of God whoe so will haue it ; and therfore as his will shee must accept of it , and as such behold it ; and so doing shee seeth nothing but the vvill of God. But of this hath bein spoaken in the third degree . By this degree which wee call Cleerly operating with liuely Fayth , is excluded all dullnesse or ( as it were ) sleepinesse or slownesse of Fayth , which ordinarily heerin hindreth vs of much spirituall profit , and depriueth vs of great lightand knowledge of God : by which dullnesse of Fayth I meane not a totall vnbeleiuing , as though one beleiued not that the worke so done with such direction of intention were the vvill of God , but I meane a certaine drowsines , slacknes , and negligence of spirit in producing aninterior act of the fayth which hee hath , wherby actually to behold and contemplat the same as the very vvill of God , and not as any humaine operation and worke of his owne ; so that not practising the fayth which hee hath , nor extending the same any farther then to humaine operation , nor lifting vp his mind with full assurance to his diuine will , it happeneth that neither his Intelligēce is illuminated by this cleer light , nor his will inflamed by this burning loue , nor his soule allured by this perfect beauty , nor enlarged by this gretnes , nor eleuated by this highnes , nor innobled by this maiesty , nor ( finally ) viuified by this qwickning spirit of God ; but for want of practising that which he knoweth and extēding actually his fayth to that which hee beleiueth , liveth in the penurie , pouerty , and obscuritie of his soule ; so being like to him that hath a sword at his side , but for want drawing it forth letteth him self be killed ; or to him whoe hath a soueraigne medecineth his shop , but for want of applyeng the same dyeth of his disease ; or finally , whoe hath prouision sufficient in his howse , and wyne enough in his celler , but for want of dressing the one starueth for hunger , and of drawing the other dyeth for thirst . But contrarie wise By this degre of viuacitie or liuelines of fayth , by this actuall seing , and fixed contemplation and beholding of this vvill of God , all such miserie goeth away , all such darknes flyeth away , all such obscuritie vanisheth out of sight , and the soule remaineth vnited to his will and conioyned with God , illuminated , viuified , and eleuated in an vnspeakable manner . The sixt degree of perfect Intention . CHAP. XIII . THE sixt degree of this Throne is Speedily ( that is ) that this intetion adorned with the foresaid siue perfections be quickly directed , not at the end of the worke , nor in the midst , but before wee take the same in hand . By which degree is excluded all slownes and slacknes of rectifyeng our intention when wee begin to doe or suffer any thing ; wherby vntill our intention be rectified wee are depriued some tymes of the profit and merit of the worke , as 1 doing the same some tymes with some lesse intention then for the only vvill of God , and some tymes 2 with no good intention at all , yea and sometymes wee demerit and offend by the same , as 3 doing or suffering it with an euill intention , and to an euill end and purpose ; and all for want of this diligence and speedines in directing our intention at the beginning , as this degree requireth . Yet if so wee offend against this degree , wee must repaire the fault aswell as wee can , in directing our intention assoone as wee remember our selfes . Moreouer , it is to be noted , that a man may fayle or offend against some of these degrees which be last in order , and yet not against others which are precedent , as a man may be destitute of the greater perfection , yet not of the lesser ; but a man can not fayle in any one of the first degrees in order , without fayling in all the rest which followe , because one cannot lacke the lesser perfection without wanting the greater . And therfore our intention by slownes may offend against this sixt degree of Speedines , being directed late , and towards the end of the work to the vvill of God , and yet may be furnished with the other fiue . It may also with this sixt fayle in the sixt degree of Cleernes by a sleepines of fay th , no beholding the worke as the verie vvill of God and yet maybe fortified with the other foure . As it may also with the sixt and fift degree fayle in the fourth of Assurance by hesitation not firmely beleiuing that the worke done with the intention heer taught is the veri● vvill of God , and yet may be furnished with the other three , and so of the rest . But contrariewise our intention can no fayle in any of the degrees which are first 〈◊〉 order , without fayling in all which followe● for it can not offend against the fift without offending against the sixt ; nor against the fourth without offending against the fift and sixt ; and so forth vnto the first degree , which if it fayle , all the rest doe likewise fayle : so as yow may see , thear is more danger and losse to fayle in the first then in the last . Now , if a man be fallen into any one of these defaults in the beginning of the worke , hee must not perseuer and cast all away , but rather remember the common sayeng , Better late then neuer ; and so at least in prosecuting or finishing the worke , hee must rectifie his crooked intention by these degrees , and by the straight line of Gods loue , cutting of euerie imperfection by the particular degree against which it millitateth . And heerin a man ought to employ all his spirit and diligence , all his care and vigilance during the worke , examining and purifieng his intention by these degrees , and to take heed if all be therin comprehended , or whether for want of any of them it be contaminated with any spot of self loue obscuring her beautie , or vayled with any clowd of proper will couering her radious splendour ; whith examen and rectification of intention is so good , so excellent , and so profitable an occupation of the mind , that I wish and desire all that practise this exercise to employ themselves wholy therin ; as being of all others the most direct , short , and readiest way to all perfection , leading vs ( as it were ) by the hand to the knowledge of our selfes , and displayeng all our hidden self loue , bewrayeng all our secret passions , layeng open all our inclosed affections , and poynting out as with her finger all our vnknown imperfections . And for want of this continuall occupation of our selfes in our interior , for lacke of this due examination of our intention , and vigilant watch ouer our heart , it harboureth many passions iudging them to be inspirations , yeildeth to many affections thinking them to be holie actions , is filled with self loue esteeming it the loue of God , and ( finally ) doth the will of the old man , yet beleiuing it is the disire of the new . In which examination of our intention I admonish this , that no man trust himself , and beleiue his first sight or inspection into the same , nor think that all goeth well if at the first hee see nothing amisse , because this cometh for the most part , not for want of fault but of light , nor for lacke of abundance of self loue or proper will to be discouered , but for want of knowledge and a sharpe sight wherby to discerne it ; which sight and light hee shall ( doubtles ) haue , whoe still will remaine in his interior : for , as hee that cometh from abroad out of the Sunne into some obscure place or chamber , seeth nothing at the first , but if hee remaine thear awhile hee seeth whatsoeuer is therin ; so the mind that cometh from abroad , and from exterior affayres into the interior or inward closet of the soule seeth nothing therin , but stayeng thear while sco●reth whatsoeuer lyeth hidden imper●● : Loe then the six degrees of this mistical Throne . Hovv to continue this puritie of Intention . CHAP. XIIII . HAVING ascended by order all the degrees of the Throne , we must now consider her topp and seate of stable Perseuerance , wherin this great Salomon sitteth and reposeth ; and hauing seene how the mind is sixed in the only vvill of God , wee must know how it may preseuer therin ; which to effect thear be twoe wayes and meanes , the first wherof is for Beginners the other for those which haue made some good progresse , though ( if diligent endeuour supplie the want in Beginners ) both they and the others may vse both meanes , as their denotion shall serue them . The first is practised by diuers internall acts of the mind , as first by an act of filiall feare or profownd reuerence of God seing himself so neer vnto him , so illuminated by his presence , so enuironed with his splendour , and ) as it were ) on euerie side compassed about with the bright beames and illustration of his diuinitie . Some tymes by an abyssall Humilitie and abasing of him self , seing his miserie honored with the actuall assistance , and his indigni●● accompanied with the true presence of God ; and so rightly crieng out with S. Peter sayeng , Exi â me quia homo peccator sum ( Domine ) Depart from mee ( ô Lord ) because I ame a sinfull man. Againe , by a great Admiration , seing God to cooperate so familiarlie with him in that which hee doth . Likewise , by an extreame Ioy and exultation of heart , seing himself made the liuely instrument and temple of God. In like maner , by a sweet and amorous inclination towards the celestiall Bridegroome , tasting his great clemencie and goodnes . Farther , by an inward Iubilation and heartie ioy in the soule , perceiuing her self , to be deliuered from the seruitude of her self , and set free from the bondage of proper will. Moreouer , by a totall resignation and deliuering vp of the soule into the hands of her spouse to enioy him more fully . Againe , by acts of perpetuall Abnegation of him self , as hauing fownd by experience the perfect consolation , and happie fruit which immediatly springeth , and infallibly cometh therof . Also , by a true Annihilation of him self , proceeding from the propinquitie and neernes of the Allmightie and infinit essence of God. In like sort , by holie and heauenly desires , wishes , and suspires , to be alwayes conuersant in heauen ; seing now the chaines of his proper will to be broken which tied him so before vnto the earth . Finally , by a most intimate Loue of God , feeling the ardour and sweet burning flame of his diuine loue . And to conclude , by an Attention to the straight vnion already made betwixt God and the soule by vnitie of their wills in the worke , entertaining , nourishing , and cheatishing the same vnion by diligently hearing , willingly obayeng , and ioyfully following the tract of the same spirit of God. The second and more essentiall meanes to conserue entier the pure and perfect intention , is to make an expropriatiō of the worke that is ) ●that when a man hath so rectified and purified his intention according to these degrees , hee ought to put of ( as it were ) the worke both exterior and interior , as not being his owne , but knowing that ( in veritie ) after such rectification it is not his will that doth the worke , but the vvill of God ; nor his spirit , but the spirit of God ; and by consequence that it is not himself but God that doth the same , hee being only the meer Instrument ( though free ) nay nor that Instrument neither as of him self , but the same giuen him by God : and therfore ( I say ) hee ought to esteeme , and firmely behold the verie worke so done , as the verie will , operatiō , and spirit of God , as hath bein touched in the fourth degre . And not only the soule must so esteeme and behold it as the verie vvill of God , but also ( all other things set apart ) must adheare therunto , and with all her power remaine recollected therin ; so that being wholie established and immoueablie setled in the same , keeping forth all bruit and noise of the world , and all clowds of passions and distracting thoughts , shee shall discouer this light of heauen in a quiet and profownd silence , and tast this verie life , and viuifieng spirit of Gods vvill in great abundance . VVhear must be noted that wee say ( hee must behold the worke as the verie vvill of God , and not that hee behold the said will in the worke ) and that to eschew many errors , blindnes , and deceipts , which proceed from such kind of speach and practise . For first , wee say that wee must behold God or his will in our worke or in our intention ; it is so conceiued and vnderstood , as if one should behold the same will as contayned and inclosed in the worke , as in some vessell , place , space , or circuit corporall , imaginarie , or intellectuall ; hee , nor his will hauing neither place nor situation , as contayned therin . Secondly , in so sayeng , diuers doe endeuour to see or consider the will and the worke both togeather , and not the vvill of God only and alone ; and so ( indeed ) the soule can not know nor tast the liuely vvill of God ; for it being spirit and life , it is impossible that shee should be capable therof in any perfection , whiles shee is filled and possessed with the worke be it exterior or interior , but when shee taketh the verie worke for the verie will. Thirdly , by such an imagination of seing the vvill of God in the worke or in the intention , is hindred the vnion with the same will , as making the will one thing , and the intention another . Finally , when so wee consider or contemplate God or his will in our work or intention , the same worke or intention is the principall obiect of our contemplation or spirituall sight , wheras ( indeed ) it should be the only vvill of God. For these causes therfore I say not that we● must behold the vvill of God in our worke or intention , but I say wee must behold the worke or intention as the verie vvill of God , which is God himself , whoe by his presence doth anihillate in this respect both the worke , and intention or will of man ; not that indeed they are nothing ( hauing alwayes their essence ) but that they are so little that in comparison and the presence of God they are nothing ; and though they be some thing , yet must they not heer be seene as such , but as nothing ; because though in it self the worke be some thing , yet considered in the vvill of God , it is nothing , but euen the same vvill of God into which it is transformed , and so of death and darknes is made life and brightne●s and that which in it self was corporall , in the vvill of God is made spirituall . VVherfore , so taking the worke whether exterior or interior , not as his owne , but as the verie pure vvill of God without any hesitation , excluding all other thoughts and distractions , let the soule fix her self in the same with all her forces , with all simplicitie , constancie , veritie , and viuacitie of fayth ; let her adheare therunto , inclose , plunge , and transforme her selfe therinto , being her light , life , peace , and ioy , her center and repose ; as being her rule and perfection , her treasure and richesse , her beginning and end ; and so shall shee accomplish the continuation of 〈◊〉 six degrees of perfect Intention , and by stabilitie of perseuerance shall establish in her self this seat , and shall make great king Salomon her celestiall spouse sweetly repose therin . Hovv the celestiall Bridegroome and his spouse in their Dialogue in the Canticles make mention of this seat or spirituall Throne vvith her six degrees . CHAP. XV. OF this Throne with her six mysticall degrees is made mention in the Canticles of Salomon . For , of the first of Remembrance is spoken , when the celestiall Bridegroome sayth to his spouse , Pone me vt signaculum super cor tuum , vt signaculum super brachium tuum , Put mee as a signet vpon thy heart , and as a signet vpon thine arme : for , a signet maketh impression , and impression signifies Remembrance against Obliuion ; by the heart is meant the intention or affection ; by the arme the action ; the heart and the arme together doth signifie the actuall intention . VVhen then the bridegroome sayth to his spouse that shee imprint him as a signet , hee will haue her to be mindfull of him : when hee sayth to her that shee print him in her heart , hee desires that shee remember him in her affection or intention : and when hee wisheth her to imprint him also on her Arme , hee will haue her in her intention to haue an actuall Remembrance of him ; which actuall Remembrance is this first degree called Actually . The second degree which is Onely , is toucht when the Bridegroome speaking to his spouse sayth vnto her , Oculi tui columbarum , Thine eyes are like vnto the eyes of doues ; for , by the doue is signified the soule ; by the eyes of the one , the sight of the other ; and by the simplicitie of that , the simple sight of this . Now , the sight of the soule is her intention which is simple when it is not double ; and it is not double when it hath not twoe obiects , the Creator and the Creature , but one alone ( to weet ) the Creator , for them the intention is simple when it hath for her sole and simple obiect God only . The same is signified when hee sayth , Vulnerasti cor meuin ( soror measponsa ) vulnerasti cormeum in vno oculorum tuorum , Thow hast wownded my heart ( my sister , my spouse ) thow hast wownded my heart by one of thine eyes : for , the soule hauing twoe eyes or sights , the one seing the Creature , the other the Creator , shee seemeth exceeding fayr in the presence of God , when hauing put out that , shee seeth only with this ; for then shee wowndeth his heart with her loue . Of this only intention and simple eyesight our Sauiour speaketh , when hee sayth , Sioculus tuus simplex fuerit , totum corpus tuum lucidum erit , If thine eye be simple , all thy body shall be lightsome . Of the third degree which is ( willingly ) is made mention when the spouse sayth , Pessulum oftij mei aperui dilecto meo , I vnbolted my doore to my welbeloued ; for , which is this bolt which barreth our doore against our Sauiour but our proper will ? and how is it taken away but by the renunciation therof for the vvill of God ? and when is it taken away willingly , if not when the soule doth it herself ? VVhen then the spouse sayth that herself vnbolted her doore to her welbeloued , her meaning is , that renouncing herself shee did willingly the vvill of God , and not by constraint . The same are wee giuen to vnderstand when The sayth , Vadam ad montē Myrrhae , I will goe to the mountaine of myrrhe : for , by bitter myrrhe is represented vnto vs the bitternes of Abnegation , to doe the vvill of God : by the Mountaine , the sublimitie of this Abnegatiō , eleuating a man aboue himself in God , as is said , Sedebit solitarius & tacebit , quia leuauit se suprase , Hee shall remaine solitarie and be silent , because hee hath lifted himself aboue himself . By that which is said that she went , is signified that it was freely and of her owne good will , without any constraint , repugnance , or sadnes , so willingly renouncing herself for the vvill of God as hee whoe said , Voluntarie sacrificabotibi , I will offer sacrifice vnto the willingly . The fourth degree which is ( Assuredly ) is touched by the spouse when shee sayth , Ego dilecto meo , & ad me conuersio illius , I belong to my welbeloued , and hee turneth himself towards mee : for , by the first part of this sentence shee comprehendeth all the degrees before rehearsed , and by the other shee toucheth this degree of Assurance ; for in sayeng ( I appertaine to my welbeloued ) it is as much as if shee said , I haue purified my soule and intention , eleuating and addressing it vnto him actually without obliuion , only , without any other end , and willingly , without sadnes , and so I ame wholy his , he entirely possesseth mee , hee hath taken mee for his owne , Sicut sponsam ornatam viro suo , As a spouse adorned for her bridegroome : and as I ame his , so reciprocally his conuersion is vnto mee ; as I ame his , so likewise is hee mine ; for the same internall acts which make mee his , make him also myne ; as the bond or lawe of loue doth giue mee vnto him , so doth it giue him vnto mee ; and as by the other degrees hee hath assurance of mee , so by this which necessarily followeth them , haue I assurance of him . Behold then wherfored say , that Assuredly I belong to my welbeloued , and that his conuersion is to mee ; which I know , not only assuredly without hesitation , but also see cleerly without sleepines of fayth , wherby I knowe him and see him , which is The fift degree to which I did so ardently aspire , which● so long tyme desired , and often demaunded of my spouse sayeng , Indica mihi quem dil 〈◊〉 ima mea , vbi pascas , vbi cubas in meridie , O whom my soule doth loue , declare vnto mee whear thow doest feed , whear thow doest repose at Nooneday ( that is to say ) in the ardour and liuely flames of loue and meridian light , whear by vnion with him I may be inflamed and burned with his diuine fire , lightned and illuminated with his celestiall splendour . I say ( whear doth hee repose ) for the great quietnes which hee hath in my soule , when hee is thear by my absence , and maketh his aboad thear by my abnegation ; for it is then that hee reposeth thear as in his bed , of which is said . En lectulum Salomonis sexaginta fortes ambiunt , Behold , threescore strong men which compasse about Salomons bed : this bed being no other then my heart ; for , hee is Deus cordis mei , the God of my heart , and Deus in medio eius non common●bitur , God shall not be moued from the midst therof : and , to make mee attaine to this happy estate , and to the haight of these degrees , Esdilectus meus loquitur mihi , Behold , my welbeloued speaketh to mee , and maketh mee hasten , inuiting mee often , and incessantly distilling thes sweet words in the eare of my soule . 6. Surge , propera ( amica mea , formosa mea ) 〈◊〉 veni . Arise , hasten ( my dea●●●●y beautifull and come . In which gratious inuitation 〈◊〉 calleth mee sweetly to his fam●●ties , and will haue mee come vnto him , and to that end , first hee wisheth me●● arise ( to weet ) from the base and abiect condition of my corrupt nature by these degrees asore sayd ; afterwards , that I doe it speedily , because they goe not to him , which goe with drowsines or slownes , for Nescit molimina tarda sancti spiritual gratia , The holy ghost loues not the slacke operation . And therfore the mother of God hauing conceiued him , representing the soule which by inspiration doth the same , Abiit in montana , went vnto the mountaine , which is Iesus Christ , in perfection , Cum festinatione , speedily , which is the sixt and last degree . And that wee may not think that shee hath forgotten the seat of this throne , which is the continuation of all these degrees , whear shee maketh her spouse repose after hauing fownd him so happily , behold what shee sayth , Tenui eum , nec dimittam donec introducam in domum matris mea , & in cubiculum genitricis meae , I haue caught him , and will not let him goe , vntill I bring him into my mothers house , and into her chamber which brought mee forth . I haue caught him , ( to weet , by the six internall acts and degrees aforesaid ) and will not let him goe ( by my negligence and coldnes ) but will keepe him with great vigilance , and will cherish him by intimate affection and ardent loue , vntill I bring him into my mothers house ( the churche , by vertuous ●ife , good example , or preaching ) and ●●to her chamber which brought mee forth namely , into my particular Order , by a ●eligious life and celestiall contemplation ) and so cherishing him dayly in my soule , will make him repose on this seat of Continuation , and I shall prepare this Throne , with the six degrees for my ●●rue king Salomon , Quem laudant simul astra maatina , VVhom the morning stars together do raise , Loe how this holie soule speaketh for the instruction , consolation , and encouragement of others which are not as yet so perfect and so farre aduanced . Neither ought any man to think that ●ee put or constitut too many degrees in his intention , because that euen of it self ( being perfect ) it hath them all , and that without them it can not be perfect : though in liew of their being thear implicitè or obscurely . wee haue declared them explicitè and more cleerly , to the end wee may well and perfectly discerne of our interiour , which is the point of greatest importance of all , and for want of which , verie spirituall men often remaine in darknes ; seing also ( 2 ) they bring so great profit and light , eleuating the soule to such a high degree as may appear by what is aboue said in this chapter ; seing finally ( 3 ) though wee haue thus distinguished them the better to discerne of the said intention and to examin the same therby , yet notwithstanding by one only feruent and vertuou act , they be all effected and brought forth togeather ; and that with the same facilitie and no otherwise , then if wee had not distinguished them . Hovv all mortifications and virtues , and the true imitation of Christs life and passion , are perfectly practised by this rule and exercise . CHAP. XVI . CONCERNING the mortifications and vertues , and likewise touching the imitation of our Sauiour in his life and passion ( which are so necessarie as without them in vaine a man aspireth to spirituall life ) as the breuitie of this abridgement doth not permit to treat of them directly , but onely indirectly ; so is it not necessarie , seing they are cleerly seene , and most perfectly practised in this vvill of God ; which though it be manifest by the second chapter , declaring how all perfections are heerin contained ( euerie one wherof containeth all mortifications and vertues ) yet for better satisfaction of all men that would sollow this rule , it seemeth not amisse to shew it by examples . VVhoesoeuer then is greiuously and iniustly persecuted , and supporteth and patiently endureth the same according to the foresaid documēts of the vvill of God whoe would haue it so ; such a one shall mortifie the passion of enuie , practise the vertue of patience , and imitate our Sauiour , whoe in like persecution had like patience . Likewise , hee that being mocked and with ●utragious speaches reuiled , and keepeth silence for this only will and pleasure of God ; hall mortifie the passion of anger , practise ●he vertue of meeknes , and imitate our Sauiour , whoe when hee was blaspheamed and mocked of the Iewes behaued him self in like manner . So also , hee that washeth the feet of some poore Pilgrim or of his brethren ( as the custome is in religious houses ) with this pure intention ; hee shall mortifie the vice of pride , practise the vertue of humilitie , and imitate our Sauiour , washing the feet of his Apostles . Againe , whoe for the only pleasure of God prayeth for those that doe him open iniurie , and seeke his death ; shall mortifie the passion of Reuenge , exercise the virtue of charitie , and imitate our Sauiour , whoe prayed for those that persecuted him and put him to death . Moreouer , hee that with this only end and motiue of Gods vvill , answereth not when hee is falsly accused ( discretion alwayes presupposed ) shall mortifie self loue , practise the vertue of silence , and followe heerin Iesus Christ , whoe answered nothing to the false witnesse brought in against him . I might bring infinite other like example to this end , but wee will conclude with this which comprehendeth all others ; namely , that whensoeuer a man according to this Rule , doth any thing disagreable to sensualit●● or affection , and leaueth any thing pleasant or agreable to the same , for to doe the vvill of God , hee mortifieth the proper will , practiseth the vertue of Resignation , and imitateth our sweet Sauiour whoe said , I come not to doe myne ovvne vvill , but the vvill of my father vvhoe sent mee . Behold then , how it appeareth that whensoeuer a man doth practise this exercise or rule of life , hee perfectly practiseth therwith all the mortification , vertue , and imitation of the life and passion of our Sauiour Christ , whoe in all things sought to doe the will of his father . VVhear is to be noted , that in the said life and passion of our Sauiour are twoe things ( to weet ) the paines or torments which hee suffered , and the end wherfore hee suffered them ; namely , to doe the will of his father ; both which wee ought to imitate as a paterne and example of our life , himself sayeng , Exemplum dedi vobis , I haue giuen yow an example : and if it had not bein to haue giuen vs an example , what needed hee to haue suffered so much , seing one only dropp of his blood , yea his only will had bein sufficient to haue redeemed vs. Now , of these twoe things some want the one , and some the other . As for those that want the first ( namely ) suffering with Christ ; I wish them to heare the wordes of Sainct Peter sayeng , Christus passus est pro nobis , vobis relinquens exemplum vt sequamini vestigia eius , Christ hath suffered for vs , leauing to yow an example that yow might followe his stepps ; and of S. Paule , St compatimur , & conglorificabimur , If wee suffer togeather , wee shall also be glorIfied togeather : and likewise of S. iohn , Qui dicit se in ipso manere , debet si●ut ille ambulauit & ipse ambulare , VVhoe sayth that hee remaineth in him ; ought to walke as hee hath walked . As for those which fayle in the other ( to weet ) in hauing that intention of the only vvill of God , in that they doe or suffer , they must knowe that they are not so perfect imitators of Iesus Christ as ( perhaps ) they thinke , though they doe or suffer much , because they want one of these twoe things of his imitation ( namely ) the end and intention , which is without comparison the cheefest of the twoe ; and so they followe the exterior works of his body , but not the interior acts of his soule ; and conforme themselfes to the exterior humanitie , but not to the interior , nor to the diuinitie , partlie doing or suffering that which hee did or suffered , but not as hee did or suffered , enduring in some sort with the Sonne heer on earth , but not for the will of the father which is in heauen , because they haue not this end of Gods will , which is so excellent that the Angells haue no better , nor any other end then that ; and is such that it maketh not only our prayers and painfull works or suffrings agreable to God , but also our works that be pleasant and delightfull ( as is aboue said ) being done syncerely without all fayning for this end and intention . VVherfore , when any hard thing presenteth it self to be done or suffered , let a man doe or suffer the same for this diuine will ; and so hee shall cloath himself with the Passion of our Sauiour , as being the same verie will in such things difficile ; and shall perfectly imitate him in both the sayd poynts of suffering , and of the true end of suffering . A particular meanes for Beginners hovv to enter into the practise of this rule , and hovv a man may keepe himself therin , and greatly fructifie and goe for vvard in the same . CHAP. XVII . BVT because this rule and exercise consisteth cheifly in interior practise , and in the discerning of the motions of our heart , which are hardly discouered at the beginning ; and because through slowth and forgetfulnes aswell the Beginners as others let passe much tyme , yea sometymes many howres of the day without practising the same : Therfore aswell to open the way to Beginners and to make them an entrance to the practise therof , as also to excitate the slacknes , and help the forgetfulnes of others , I will in fewe lines lay downe some particular meanes wherin all may profitably exercise themselfes , as leading the beginners ( as it were ) by the hand , to the true knowledge of their heart and interiour , and to the perfect practise of the same exercise , putting both them and the others in mind of their dutie and fidelitie , inciting and spurring them forward to the faythfull practise therof . Let him therfore that practiseth this Rule lay downe a taske euerie day , binding himself therto , not by the band of any kind of synne mortall or veniall , but by a full and resolute purpose to mortifie , and renounce himself for the vvill of God some certaine tymes , as thrice , fiue , or ten tymes , according to his seruour and deuotion ; which abnegations or mortifications shal be taken or practised by any sence , facultie , or power either of body or soule : Of the body , as by the fiue sences , seing , hearing , smelling , tasting , and touching ; by doing or suffering that which is contrarie or vnpleasant to the same : as when hee desireth to see any curious thing , behold any beautifull person , looke on any delightfull place , as pleasant gardins , faire castles , sumptuous and costly buildings ; or ( finally ) any other thing gratefull to the sight ; yea , and when hee desireth curiously to cast his eyes this way or that way , wherby hee is distracted from thinking of God : in all which cases hee ought to mortifie his sight by renouncing therin his will for the only vvill of God. In like maner , when hee desireth , to heare any pleasant musick , sweet instrument , delightfull song , curious and strange newes and reports , and whatsoeuer is agreable to the eare . Also , when hee would tast some delicate meats , delicious drinkes , pleasant fruits , or whatsoeuer hee findeth to be delightfull to the tast , though in it self the thing be not pretious or rare . The like wee say touching smelling , to which a man ought to denie all perfumes , and other extraordinarie pleasant things . In all which cases ( I say ) a man may haue matter and take occasion , often in the day to renounce himself for the vvill of God , in leauing the pleasure of such things according to the Rules aboue said ; offering them vp willingly as a sacrifice to God , sayeng with the Prophet , Voluntarè sacrisicabotibi , I will voluntarily offer vp sacrifice vnto thee . And the same wee say of the things which are contrarie to the said sences ( namely ) which be vnpleasant to be seene , disagreable to the ●are , noysome to smell , vnsauorie to tast , rude and austere to touche . And to this purpose our father S. Francis sayd , that hee was so dayly conuersant with the leapers , exhibiting vnto them offices of charitie , that both according to reason and to his exterior sences it seemed to him a pleasant and sweet thing to be amongst them , whose sight in the beginning hee did abhorre . And wee reade also of diuers Saints of both sexes , which did kisse and licke the sores and vlcers of poor men , though ( perhaps ) these examples be left vs rather to be admired then imitated except it be by like particular diuine inspiration : but although they doe not serue vs for imitation , yet at least may they suffice for condemnation of the delicat nicenesse , and also of the disdaine and hard heartednesse of those of this tyme , whoe can not abide to see them , much lesse assist them . As touching the powers of the soule , one may likewise take ther of his exercise of mortification ; as of the Intelligence , in renouncing for this vvill of God some curious discours or speculation , or some mundaine , idle , and vaine thoughts wherin hee taketh pleasure and delight . Also , of the Memorie , in expelling all thoughts of iniuries , contempts , disgraces , and mockeries ; as also of all dishonest words , discourses , sports , pleasures , and pastimes , and all dishonest acts . Likewise , by mortifieng the VVill in all her intemperate passions , and disordinate affectiōs which ( according to the Philosopher ) are eleuen ( to weet ) loue , desire , ioy respecting good ; hatred , detestation , and sadnes respecting euill ; which six passiōs appertaine to the partie Concupiscible . Also , hope , dispaire , feare , audacitie , and wrath ; which fiue haue their residēce in the Irascible parte . All which passions , Boetius and S. Thomas after him , doe reduce to ●oure ( namely ) vaine Ioy , vaine feare , vaine hope , and vaine Sadnes in these verses . Tu quoquè si vis Lumine claro Cernere verum ; Gaudia pelle , Pelle timorem , Spemquè fugato , Nec dolor adsit . That is , if thow wilt cleerly see the truth , driue away Ioy , put of Feare , flie Hope , and auoid Greife . To this mortification of the will appertaineth also resistance to all temptation of synne ( to weet ) of the capitall synnes with all their branches . As of pride which is the head of all the other seuen deadly synns ; of vaine glorie with all her branches , which are bosting , hypocrisie , contention , pertinacie , discord , susurration , detraction , ioy of the euill , and sadnes of the good of his neighbour ; of wrath with her ofspring of indignation , heart swelling , clamour , blasphemie , contumely , debate , and fighting ; of Sloath with her progenie of malice , rancor , pusillanimitie , dispaire , negligence , and distraction ; of Couetousnes with her euill race of treason , fraud in trafficke , violence , deceipt in words , periurie , vnquietnes , and hardnes of heart , of gluttonie with her children of foolish ioy , scurrilitie , immundicitie , babbling , and dullnes of witt ; finally , of lechery with her vncleane brood of blyndnes of heart , inconsideration , precipitation , incontinencie , loue of himself , hatred of God , affection of this world , and horror of the next . Of all which kinds of synnes or temptations of them , one may take occasion to renounced his will ; and so vpon all these matters rehearsed touching the body or the soule , a man may haue sufficient matter to practise this exercise ; of such ( I say ) and so palpable things , as the verie Nouice and beginner can not but find out , and clerly discerne . Aswell therfore the Beginners for their instruction and entrance , as the others for their excitation and diligence , must limit to themselfes euerie day a certaine number of mortifications taken of these things aboue said , and especially of those wherin they find them selfes most weake , renouncing themselfes therin for the vvill of God , not forgetting still to view and examin in euery one , if their pure intention ( Throne of Iuory , whear God great Salomon sitteth ) be eleuated and established on the six degrees aboue said . And so , both the Beginners shall easilie be brought to the true discerning and knowledge of their interiour , which is a thing of great importance and altogeather necessarie ; and the others shal be continually kept profitablie in their exercise ; and both the one and the other shall make great aduancement and progresse in the same . VVhear notwithstanding is to be noted , that our meaning is not by the particular practise of this chapter , to acquit them of the generall and continuall ●in all other things , as though it were suffi●tiēt for a man to practise this rule only at those tymes , and in those things which hee hath ●in this order limitted out and bownd himself vnto : for , our meaning is , that hee should continually in all things practise the same ( 〈◊〉 hath bein taught ) as well , and as diligently as hee can , and that ouer and besides that generall care , and practise incertaine and vnlimitted , hee should haue this particular carefull practise therof , thus tasked and limited out , and that for the causes in the beginning of this chapter aboue alleaged . Of tvvoe errors vvhich may happen in this exercise , vvith their remedies . CHAP. XVIII . VVEE think it heer necessarie● to giue an aduertisment of twoe errors , and contrarie extremities which may happen in the practise of this Rule . The first is , of those which may be likened to Iacob , whoe assoone as hee was married vnto Rachel figuring the contemplatiue life , dispised Lia representing the actiue life : for ; seing cleerly and perfectly the whole actiue life so breifly in this Compendium , they may easily comprehend the same , and so ( perchance● may think that that suffiseth without any farther practise therof . Againe , seing themselfes so eleuated euen at the first true and saythfull practise of this Rule , and transported ( as it were ) into the contemplatiue life , they would willingly remaine therin , for the sweetnes they find in such contemplation . For remedie wherof they must vnderstand , that it is not inough to haue the Actiue life by only speculation , but must also haue it by practise , and that it is not sufficient to know what they ought to doe , and how they ought to practise vertue or extirpate vice ( which knowledge by this Rule is easily had ) but they must also put the same in practise , by rooting but vice and planting vertue , vntill such tyme as they haue acquired some good habit therof . For , though this Rule and way aboue all other , giueth a merueilous aduantage and aduancement both in the knowledge and practise of the Actiue life , yet can it not make a man perfect therin , vnlesse hee ioyne therto faythfull practise . So that though by the ●ight of this exercise a man knoweth the actiue life , and seeth ( as it were ) presently a gate open to the contemplatiue , for the great affinitie and likenes of this kind of actiue life with that which is comtemplatiue ; yet must hee not at the first enter so farre therin , as to cast of the actiue , as if hee had not any more need to practise himself therin ; but must still pursue the mortification of himself and his passions , which hee shall more sufficiently and speedily doe by this rule then any other , the faythfull practise wherof effecteth in twoe or three moonthes , that which some others doe not in so many yeares . The other error and contrarie extremitie which heer may happen is , of those whoe being too much addicted to the administration of Mariea , will not choose the better parte with Martha , hauing so great affection to the actiue life that they would not proceed to the contemplatiue , and all because they know not the excellency therof ; whear we● meane not only of the exterior actiue life but especiallie of the interior , consisting in the acts of the intelligence and of the will. For , some seing themselfes draw ( as it were ) by the hand out of the actiue life , and from their accustomed acts of discourses , meditation , and aspirations , and ( as it were ) forced by this right Rule to fix the full force of their mind in this only vvill of God , and wholie to adhear therto ( wherin consisteth the pure and essentiall contemplation ) they know not whear they are nor how to behaue themselfes , and so turne away and cast of such naked and pure contemplation , esteeming that the spirituall practise of the mind hath neither profit , nor yet any veritie , which is not accompanied with such their accustomed acts , and discourses of the wit. For remedie then of this error , and for the casting of of these superfluous acts , and first for those of the Intelligence , the practiser of this Rule must know that our interiour is not made perfect , nor the true contemplation gotten by such discourses and speculation , which are the acts of the vnderstanding , but by feruour , loue , and affection , which are the acts of the will , because that no speculation of the Intelligence can possesse or enioy God , but the loue of the will ; and therfore S. Denis sayth , Suppositae Deitenebrae cooperiuntur omni lumine , & absconduntur omni cognitioni , & si aliquis videns Deum intellexit quod vidit , non it sum vidit , sed aliquid quod est eius . The hidden darknes of God ( which hee calleth the abundance of light ) are vnknowne to all lights , and kept secret from all knowledge ; and if any one seing God hath vnderstood what hee sawe , hee hath not seene him , but somewhat appertayning vnto him ; for , the speculation of the Intelligence doth proportion God allmightie , infinite , and incomprehensible to our smalle capacitie ; but contrariewise the will by loue proportioneth it self in some degree to the immensitie , infinitie , and omnipotencie of God ; so that the operation of the Intelligence maketh God like vnto man , causing him ( as it were ) to descend vnto vs ; but the loue of the VVill maketh man like vnto God , eleuating the soule vnto him . Finally , this speculation of the Intelligence is a humaine thing , making vs remaine in our selfes ; but the affection of the VVill is a druine thing , eleuating and drawing vs out of our selfes to be transformed into God. And therfore it is cleere that such speculations and discourses of the Intelligence , are not perfection no● true contemplation , consisting in a certaine kind of vision of God , so farr as this mortalltie permitteth , wherunto the speculation of the Intelligence is preiudiciall . And therefore the heauenly Bridegroome admonisheth therof the spouse in the Canticle when hee sayth Auerte oculos tuos a me , Turne away thine eye from mee ( that is ) of curious discours and speculation of the Intelligence , Quia ipsi●e auolare fecerunt , Because they haue made mee flie away ( namely ) from the sight and viey which obscured by such discourses can not behold mee . The same are wee taught mysticallie by the Angell , whoe made Iacob lame of one of his leggs ; for , by the twoe leggs are signified the twoe principall powers of the soule , Intelligence and VVill , wher of the one must be made lame ( to weet ) the Intelligence , that the soule may walke as shee ought towards God. The verie same also is signified when the Bridegroome sayth vnto the spouse , Vulner asti cor meum ( sor or mea , sponsa ) in vno oculorum tuorum , Thow hast wownded my heart ( my sister , my spouse ) in one of thine eyes ( to weet ) by thy VVill enflamed , which is but one alone , when the other of the Vnderstanding is put out . For , these twoe powers of the soule be like the twoe horses ofa coach , wher of the one is too slowe , the other too swift , the VVill being so dull and slowe for want of loue , that it will scarse goe , and the Vnderstanding so swift and speedy through curiositie that it will alwayes runne ; so that the one hath need of the goad , and the other of the bridle . VVherfore it must be stopped , and his curious course cutt of , when by the tract of the holie ghost the soule is drawne , and lifted vp to the essentiall contemplation of God ; and this is that which S. Denis writing to Timothy sayth , Derelinque intellectuales operationes , & omnia sensibilia , & sicut est pos●bile , ig notè consurge ad eius visionem qui est super omnem substantiam & cognitionem , Lay a side intellectuall operations and all things sensible , and a smuch as possible may be , vnknowne arise thow to the vision of him which is aboue all substance and knowledge . Not withstanding , I say not that at the verie beginning of the contemplatiue life , one ought wholy to cast of all discourses of the Vnderstanding , this belonging to the perfectiō of the supreeminent life ; but I thought it necessarie to aduertise this much therof , that knowing that perfection consisteth not in such meditations and discourses , a man should not wholie relie on them , and also vnderstanding that the pure and perfect contemplation is without such imaginarie discourses , he should not refuse the doore to enter therinto when in due tyme it shal be opened vnto him , which is , when hee hath well practised the Actiue life ; and that ( finally ) hee shutt not the doore against the holie ghost , as some doe whoe determin not to leaue of such discourses for any better thing which may happē vnto them : And thus much touching the acts of the Vnderstanding . As for the acts of the VVill , they may also haue their excesse and extremitie ; not that loue and feruour can be too great , for they of neuer be great enough , but that such feruour may be ill gouerned , and by too many acts much hindred , as when the soule feeling the draught and attractiō of the heauenly spouse , she behaueth her self too actiuely in his presēce , multiplieng acts , and producing too many aspiratiōs , or little short prayers , and affection of the hearte , wherby the holie ghost can not so well enter into the soule , nor so fully and wholy possesse her , and by perfect vnion with her make his abode , and take his peaceable repose in her ; so that trusting more to the industrie of her owne naturall acts , then to the supernaturall attractiō of her spouse , shee is nei●ier drawne out of her self , and hauing more cōfidēce in her owne operatiō then in the eleuation of the holie ghost , shee is neuer lifted aboue her self , but remaineth still at one stay . For remedy therfore of this incōuenience , the deuout soule must vnderstād , that though generally such aspirations &c. be verie good , yet not so good , but that at som tyme , insom particular point , thear is some other exercise better thē they . And as their true and propre vse is in the actiue life , and at such tymes as wee be in sterilitie , and without ay de of the wind or tide of the holie ghost , so ( speaking generally ) their infructuous abuse is in the contēplatiue life , and when the soule is alreadie inflamed with the loue of God , and actuallie drawn by the holie ghost ; and as in tyme of sterility our coldnes is therby inflamed , so , vsed in tyme of feruour , our loue is therby rather quenched ; and as being vsed in our actiō , they lift the sou le vpwards to contēplation , so being vsed in contemplation , they drawe her downwards to action , which alwayes is meant when they are too excessiue or too frequent . VVhen therfore the contēplatiue soule shall find her self inflamed and drawn with the soue and tract of her spouse , let her with all sweetnes , and humilitie follow the same , and giuing place to the supernaturall operations of God , let her lay a side all these her naturall operations and acts , excepting so farre forth as may only serue her to follow the said tract , and firmely adhear vnto her spouse , which shee must doe by such kind of acts as be much more interior and spirituall then the accustomed , so to haue correspondence as much as shee may , with the same operation of God , farre more spirituall then her accustomed ; yea , so much more spirituall must they be and so far from sence , that the same should make no noyse in her interior , but remaining ( as it were ) in still and profound silence , shee should not so much worke as be wrought , nor so much doe by and of her self as suffer the sweet operation of God , nor ( finally ) so much speake to God , as to heare what God speaketh in her sayeng , Audiā● qui loquatur in me Dominus Deus , I will hear what my Lord God speaketh within mee ; and so following the attraction of her spouse , and light of the holie ghost , shee shall be easily so farre drawne out of her self , and so highly eleuated into God , as those which haue not proued in by experience can not conceiue . An Aduertisment touching Prayer . CHAP. XIX . VVEE will conclude this first part with an Aduertisment of the meanes how to pray , according to the practise of this exercise . A man therfore may choose any of these fower wayes agreeing to his vnderstanding and capacitie ( to weet ) Vocall prayer , which is the most vnperfect , as hauing least spirituall light , and serueth for the verie first Beginners : Secondly , Mentall prayer which is better , as hauing more light , and serueth for those that are past the beginning : Thirdly , Aspirations , which are little , short , seruent prayers , and enflamed suspires or desires , comming some tymes only from the heart , some tymes from the mouth , and is for the most part a more perfect kind , as hauing lesse speculation , and serueth for those that haue made some good progresse . Finally , the Prayer made in this only vvill of God by adhearing only vnto him , which is the best kind of all , as being only grownded vpon and mayntained by the pure loue and charitie of God , and is fit for those whoe haue their spirit enflamed , simplified , and purged from all images and imaginations , or for such as ( perhaps ) haue not wholy attained therunto , but yet their courage and patience in exspecting the tract of the holie ghost doth supplie their want . Those therfore which by their Confessors or directors shal be iudged to be such , let them take this last meanes , and so they shall find themselfes suddainly illuminated , and eleuated vnto the true and essentiall contemplation ; neither let them lose courage , nor thinke it idlenes or tyme lost , so to exspect and remaine in the presence of God , and at the foote of the Crucifix ; for so the soule profiteth more , brīgeth forth more profownd and spirituall acts , maketh a greater offering of herself , and a sweeter holocaust of the whole man , and ( finally ) pleaseth God more then when shee flieth through heauen , discoursing of diuine and deepe mysteries : and whensoeuer after such attending and due disposition , God shall come and visit her , shee shal be more illuminated at one tyme , then not doing so , in a hundred . As for the others which are not as yet sufficient to practise this way , but take some of the others according to their capacitie , they must notwithstanding alwayes remember , that they vse such meanes according to this Rule ( namely ) in this only vvill of God as hath bein taught ( that is to say ) that in all such vocall prayers , meditations , and aspirations , they haue this vvill of God so fully , soly , and wholy for their obiect and hearts desire , that they feele no will nor affection to be comforted , illuminated , or consolated in that their prayer , but only as farre forth as shall please God ; which whoesoeuer will doe , shall find excessiue comfort and ioy , because hee findeth the vvill of God , which is his only comfort and ioy : and therfore so it cometh to passe , that hee which seeketh most his owne comfort , shall least find it , and contrarie wise hee that for the only vvill of God seeketh it least , shall most amply find the same . Six points therfore or interiour acts are necessarie for them which make their meditations , aspirations , or contemplatiōs according to this practise . The first is , to protest that they come to pray only for the vvill of God and to please him , without seeking consolation , illumination , or any satisfaction : But heer the fearfull and scrupulous soules must not think , that they are tyed heereto vnder paine of any synne either mortall or veniall , because this protestation is in nature of a good purpose , and not of any obligatorie promisse . The second , to reflect on their interiour , and in sownding the depth therof , to examin and discerne without any partiality , whether they haue protested the truth or no ; in which examen they ought to be verie diligent , and iudges indifferēt ; and hee which shal be faythfull in this point in sownding well his interiour , shall open the gate to perfect contēplatiō . The third , to amend and correct what they find cōtrarie to the said protestation , maistering proper loue , which solliciteth alwayes to desire sensible cōsolation , or at least spirituall . The fourth , to relie cōtinually on this diuine pleasure , as on the grownd and principall end of their prayer , not caring so much to make any curious discourses and meditation , nor to haue feruours and deuotions , nor ( finally ) to make their prayer according to self liking , as to conforme them selfes to this diuine will , and to be vnited therunto by a totall resignation , to chearish the same in their heart with loue , and to adore it with profownd reuerence . The fift , to discerne and examin some tymes , the foresaid protestation by a simple reflexion theron , to see if it be not fallen from her puritie , and in particular , if the tyme seeme not tedious . The sixt , to rest contented , yea and to reioyce in heart , with a profownd Ioy and tranquility at the end of their prayer ( whether it be sterile or feruent ) that they haue obtained what they desired ( to weet ) the accomplishment of the diuine pleasure . And note , that the soule which is once well entred , and eleuated by this meanes of Abnegation for the vvill of God , both in and out of prayer , shall find no great difficultie afterwards , but shall at all tymes enter in again , as hauing vndone the knott , fownd the secret , and diued to the depth of this whole matter ; and as hauing by experience fownd God the true light , ioy , and life , not whear shee thought , nor whear ordinarily men seeke him ( namely ) in our selfes , or in our owne proper will , nor in seeking our owne delight , ioy , light , and comfort ; but whear shee thought him not to be , and whear commonly men neuer seeke him ( to weet ) in renouncing our selfes , yea and our spirituall ioy , consolation , and light , postposing them all and putting them ( as it were ) out of mind for the actuall remembrance , and great ioy which shee hath of the vvill of God and to doe his pleasure ; for , the cause why wee can not so renounce ourselfes absolutely for the vvill of God , is for no other thing but that wee thinke wee should so leaue and loose both that which wee desire , and our owne contentment ; but when once by such experience the soule hath fownd out the contrarie , and that by renouncing , yea and forgetting her owne will and ioy for the diuine will ; her will and ioy is not annihilated nor lost , but is fownd in God according to his promisse with an hundred tymes more ; find she feeleth now no more repugnance , nor sadnes to renounce her selfe , and offer vp to God her deer and only sonne Isaac , her proper will and joy ; knowing assuredly that though ●●eé be bownd , and layd vpon the Altar of ●er heart , in the mountaine of prayer , and by the sword of Iustice readie to be beheaded , and in the fire of charitie shee be willing to consume him , yet shall hee not die but liue , ●nd according to his name , shal be changed into ioy and laughter . And of this subiect of prayer , a man may see the little table or direction which wee haue made for a method , and entry to Meditation . A daylie Examination to be made by the practiser of this exercise , vvherin is contained the summe or abridgement of all this parte , in as much as concerneth the practise therof . FIRST , let him examin whether hee hath gouerned himself , and ordred his actions according to the Rule of things commaunded ▪ forbidden , and indifferent . For the first sort ; whether hee hath don● the things cōmaunded by any lawe , custome ▪ commandement , or intention of his superior● master , father , or mother ; and the same we●● say in like maner of things forbidden . But as touching the third sort of thing● ( namely ) indifferent , being neither commaunded nor forbidden by any such lawe , le●● him examin himself whether hee hath done admitted , or receiued those whic● were against proper will and sensualitie , and contrariewise reiected and forsaken those which were agreable to the same , true discretion alwayes presupposed . Farther , touching things indifferent , asw●● in respect of commaundement as of proper will and sensualitie ( as being neither commaunded , nor yet contrarie , nor agreable to proper will and sensualitie ) let him take heed whether hee hath therin directed his intention according to this Rule , and not done them without any intention . For the things commaunded which are pleasant to sensualitie or self loue , as to eate , drinke , to visit such places or persons as hee desireth , and the like , let him examin himself whether hee hath produced interiour acts of the will against such pleasure and contentment . And the like touching the things forbidden which are disagreable to sence , and selfe will , whether he hath produced such acts , and so hath done the one , and left vndone the other for the vvill of God. But if after such interior acts , such delectation and contentment remaine ; then whether hee hath still remayned firme in the superior part of his soule in doing the same for the vvill of God ; and taken such pleasure for paine and as the crosse of Christ and true vvill of God , as is taught after the midst of the seauenth Chapter . Moreouer , let him examin him self touching the six degrees of the mysticall throne of pure intention ; and first , if hee haue actually eleuated his intention in all these things , or whether hee hath forgottē the same , yet without his cōtrarie excesse of multiplieng to many acts , to the preiudice of the stomacke or braine ; also without troubling himself with scruples and anxietie of mind , as though hee had committed some great synne when hee findeth himself to haue much failed therin ; for , this falte will happen verie often . Secondly , whether hee hath done them only for this will , or whether it hath bein● mingled with some other end , either bad or imperfect . Thirdlie , whether it hath bein willingly with alacritie of mind , or with sadnes and heauines . Fourthly , whether it hath bein accompanied with assurance , or whether with hesitation , doubting whether the things so done were the verie vvill of God , because it seemed of small valew ; or els agreable to sence ; on ( finally ) because it seemed vile and abiect . Fiftly , if hee beheld this vvill of God cleerly with a liuely fayth without dullnes , or ( as it were ) sleepines or slownes of fayth . Sixtly , if all these degrees of perfection were speedily accomplished ( that is ) if at the beginning of the worke hee thus directed his intention ; or if not , whether hee did it as least before the worke was finished . Seauenthly , if by stable perseuerance o● this perfect intention , the soule hath prepare● in herself a seat for king Salomon her celestia● spouse ; and that by meanes of the twoe waye● layd downe to that effect . Also , if in doing or suffering the foresaid things , hee employed himself in examining his intention , sifting out continually the imperfections therof ; and ( finally ) in viewing whether it was established on these six degres and thus much touching the generall and continuall practise of this part . Besides the which , let him examin whether hee hath taken in hand , and vsed the meanes taught in the sixteenth chapter , wherby to enter the better into this practise , according to which meanes let him see if hee hath stinted himself euery day to a certaine number of mortifications , either touching the fiue sences of the boddie , or the three powers of the soule according as is thear taught , taking those occasions of this mortification which are thear layd downe . As touching Prayer , let him examin himself whether therin hee hath taken this only vvill of God for the end of his intention , not seeking any proper pleasure or contentment . And if any man at the first vnderstand not , or in practise doe not remember any of the points of this examination , let him see it more at large in the exercise it self , which hee shall easily find out by the chapters heer noted in the margin . VVhich examination whoesoeuer shall dayly vse , so exacting of himself continually the due and faythfull practise of this exercise ▪ shall ( no doubt ) in verie short tyme attaine to true perfection . But it is a thing most assured , that by this examination a man shall find himself to haue often tymes fayled heerin , in forgetting this vvill of God , and not directing his intention in his works ; yea , some shall find that all day long they haue verie seldome so done , and verie little practised this exercise , wherof ( experimented practise in others affording foreknowledge ) I admonish and aduise the Reader before hand , that when hee findeth it in hi● self , hee think it not strange , nor be any whi●● discouraged therat ; but with all constanci● goe forward , aswell because that dayly exercise will yeild the faythfull habit of such practise ▪ more familiar in him , as also because that though hee so often forget this practise yet shall hee doe much more good , and profit spiritually by those few tymes in which he● shall so direct his intention , and shal be more illuminated in the knowledge of God and himself , then by any other practised all day long , by reason of the great merit of such 〈◊〉 deiforme intention , and the light therof● which like vnto a Sonne being in our interiour howse , leadeth vs vnto the sight of God , aud discouereth all the fowllnes 〈◊〉 the passions , affections , and disorder of our soule . Heer endeth the first parte of the Rule of Perfection . Laus Deo. THE RVLE OF PERFECTION● OF THE INTERIOVR ( VVILL OF GOD. ) CONTAYNING THE CONTEMTLATIVE LYFE . THE SECOND PARTE . VVHAT IS THE INTERIOV● vvill of God , and vvherin it differeth from the Exteriour . CHAP. I. HAVING finished the first parts of this Rule , treating of the Exteriour vvill of God ( namely ) what 〈◊〉 is , how to be knowne , and by whe meanes to be accomplished ; it followeth now that wee likewise deliuer the second part●● the which consisteth of the Interiour vvill 〈◊〉 God ; shewing what it is , the way to knowe it● and the meanes how to practice it . This Interiour vvill of God then , is the diuine pleasure knowne vnto vs by a perfect , manifest , and expert interiour knowledge , illumining the sowlle in the Interiour or Contemplatiue life ( that is ) when shee seeth and contemplateth her God , and inwardly experimenteth , perceiueth , and tasteth the diuine will ( to weet ) the pleasure , and contentment God taketh in such or such a thing . And to the end to diue lower into the depth of this will , and to discouer more essentially how this actuall will , desire , and contentment in our works is fownd in God , in whom is no Accident , and to whome nothing can happen a nue ; I saye that it is by the meanes of man , God vsing humaine will ; which will ( as touching good works ) is common to God and man , by reason of the vnion of God and man. God ( I saye ) in this worke vseth humayne will , in asmuch as it is a ●nue will and desire , and humayne contentation as an Accident , or a thing nuely felt or tasted ; not that God himself hath not also his will and contentation in euery worke ( as being the principall author therof ) but as suche , this will is not nue or accidentall , or perceiuable of man ; but is made perceiuable and nue to the nue will and contentation humayne , conioyned and conformed to the diuine : by which conformitie and coniunction , the diuine externall will and contentation , communicateth and manifesteth it self to the humaine and temporall will and contentation ; in such sort that man in this Interiour will , rellisheth no whit his owne humayne will and contentation but Gods only , his owne being wholy swallowed vp , and transformed into Gods : For , this transformation requireth that all the powres and forces of oursowlle be absolutely employed in God , and consequently , not any of them vpon himself ; and by another consequence ( as so transformed ) feeleth no will of his owne but only that of God : I meane , that by this Deiforme Intention and diuine will , the sowlle is so straightly vnited with God , and so replenished with spirit and lyfe , so eleuated , magnified , glorified , and deified , breif , so drowned in the abysse of the inaccessible eternall light , that shee feeleth no will or motion as her owne , but only as Gods , in whom only shee vieweth and feeleth her self , and all her motions . This will , pleasure , and contentment of God , is so delitious a thing , and so pleasant to the sowlle when so shee tasteth it perfectly , that it draweth , illuminateth , dilateth , extendeth , exalteth , rauisheth , and inebriateth her in such sort that shee feeleth no more any will , affection , or inclination of her owne , but wholy despoyled of her self , and all self-will , intrest , and commoditie , is plunged into the bottomlesse gulfe of this will and the abyssall pleasure therof , and so is become one and the same spirit with God. The difference betwixt the Interiour and Exteriour will is , that the Exteriour taketh her light from abrode , and the Interiour from within ( that is ) the former is knowne by Exteriour things , as by the commaundements of God , of the church , of the Prelate , by customes , &c. but the other by Interiour things , as inspirations , illuminations , eleuations , and other the like attractions of God : The one is shaddowed with corporall things or by theyr images , and the other is wholly discouered in spirit and truth ; the one hath in it accidentall things , but the other is in a maner wholy essentiall ; the one consisteth of the ryne and pith ( to weet ) both of the Exteriour and interiour , but the other of the interiour only . All which notwithstanding is meant according to our capacitie , ( to weet ) that the will diuine is different , which in it self is alwayes but one and the same , as wee haue shewn in the beginning of the first parte , Chap. 4. but that our capacitie apprehendeth it so ; and that in such maner , and by such degrees it discloseth and manifesteth it self vnto vs , as not hable to comprehend it at the very first otherwise , nor all at once , for , Nemo repētè fit summus , No man becometh perfect on the suddaine sayth Saint Bernard . So that this diuine will and heauenly light descendeth vnto vs by degrees , and wee therby ascend vp to God by like degrees : and this is it which S. Thomas sayth , Sicut diuinum lumen gradatim decrescendo in nos descendit gradatim , it a contrario modo per ipsum lumen , in Deum reducimur gradatim & crescendo , As the diuine light decreasing by degrees descendeth vnto vs by degrees , so on the contrary are wee drawne backe into God by the same light increasing , and by degrees ; and that according to the Psalmist sayeng , They shall proceed from vertue to vertue , the God of Gods shal be seen in Sion ( that is ) in perfect contemplation ( sayth the Glose ) And in the Prouerbs also , Iustorum semita sicut lux splendens procedit , & crescit vsquè ad perfectum diem , The way of the Iust proceedeth like a resplendēt light , and groweth to noone-daye ; which day ( according to the Glose ) is lyfe euerlasting . So that this Interiour will discouereth not it self after one sorte , but diuersly and by degrees , like as neither wee doe comprehend it all at once , but by little and little and by the same degrees ; wherof though one might set downe a great many , yet for breuitie I will reduce them all to fiue ( that is ) Manifestation , Admiration , Humiliation , Exultation , and Eleuation . Of Manifestation , the first degree . CHAP. II. AS touching the first degree then ; this Manifestation of the Interiour will proceedeth of the pure intention of the Exteriour will , for the one springeth of the other as the effect of the cause , and the one followeth the other , and is transported therinto immediately , if so be this intention be trulie pure , wee doing our worke with this only end of the vvill of God , all other intents and ends ( though good ) sett asyde , and ( in fine ) if it be accompanied with the six degrees specified in the first parte . For , after such puritie of intention , it cannot be but the sowlle must tast of the Interiour will , and feele her internall touch , seing it is a Maxime in Philosophy , that VVhatsoeuer is moued , is moued of her end : now , a man cannot be moued of any end , but that hee must needes see or feele that end ; yf then hee be moued by this only end of the vvill of God , hee seeth and feeleth it within himself . But note this word ( only ) for if so be hee be moued by any other end , not only sinister , but good , hee cannot feele it be it neuer so good . And ( loe ) heer the poynt wherin many fayle , the ditch wherinto many fall , and the rocke wheragainst many wracke , the which so stoppeth this spacious Oceane of the vvill of God , and maketh it so straight and vnnauigable , that the shipps of theyr sowlles cannot make sayle therin ( namely ) because they haue some other end , although often tymes so secret , that they themselfes know not , neither can discerne it , the which abuse is manifestly displayed in the 9. and other chapters ensuing of the first parte . But to the end to speake somewhat more essentially of this puritie of intention , which thus manifesteth the vvill of God ; it is nothing els then a pure , and free choice which the sowlle maketh by her free will of this diuine will and pleasure , in steed of her owne affection , passion , or will , and also of her worke ; the which choice consisteth in an auersion from the Creature , and in a simple conuersion to the Creator ; and is made by a true , faythfull , and simple regard of the vvill of God ( that is ) when in our worke , affection , or passion , wee cast our thought and spirituall sight on God , with all tranquilitie and repose , sweetly , serenely , and without all maner of stresse or violence ; which thought or sight is free and in our powre , seated in the superiour parte of our sowlle amidst all our affections , passions , afflictions , annoyes , and actions . And this ought to be a great comfort , and encouragement to all such as are combated with theyr passions , and agitated with temptations . And now , by how much more quietly , simply , and without multiplicitie we make and direct this respect , so much more manifestly shall wee see and tast this diuine will ; and also so much the sooner shall our spirit be simplyfied , by loosing all impression of the passion , and image of the worke . And this poynt ought to be well and maturely considered , as being the key to the contemplatiue life ; wherfore I wish it may be well heeded . Now then , hauing by puritie of intention in the Exterior will discouered this Interiour , and the vvill of God being thus manifested vnto the sowlle by his sweet and secret touche , and ( finally ) being thus come to the first degree of Manifestation , one ought not presently to start from thence , but to the end to come to the other degrees , and more plainly and essentially discover the same , hee must diligently attend vnto this secret operation and inward touch of God , and withdrawing himself into his interiour , endeuour to augment such sweet attractions , by cutting of all superfluitie of exteriour and ineriour occupation , togeather with all manner of motions , multitude and multiplicitie of thoughts , the noyse wherof may interrupt the repose of the spouse , and theyr clam ours hinder the sowlle from hearing his sweet voyce , his delicious and mellifluous speaches vnto her , or from reioycing in his amorous and alluring aspect , sweet kisses , chast embracements , or ( finally ) from feeling this efficatious inaction , and liuely touch of his good pleasure and will , the which hee ought still to nourish , conserue , and chearish within him in obayeng and corresponding to his attraction and illumination , vntill the sowlle attayne to see him ( as it were ) at Noone-daye , and that shee being become and made the self same with him , shee may haue no other will , ioye , or lyfe , then this vvill of God , the which is the perfection of the Interiour will : and by how much more purely a man addresseth his intention in the Exteriour will , so much more profowndly shall hee diue into the Interiour will. And therfore those that tast not this interiour , ought to examyn and looke how they behaue themselfes in the Exteriour ( namely ) whether they haue theyr Intention dulie ordered ( that is ) whether they haue not any passion or affection in the worke in hand ; whether they doe it meerly for that such is Gods will , without other end or intention whatsoeuer ; in somme , whether such theyr intention be accompanied with the six degrees taught in the first parte : And so shall they discouer the impediments withholding them from entring into the Interiour . Now ( loe ) this Manifestation and feeling proceedeth from the puritie of Intention in this manner : Puritie bringeth a mortification of passions and affections in the sowlle ; mortificatiō breedeth a great tranquility , trāquilitie a profownd silence ; and in this profownd silence the sowlle sayth , Audiā quid loquatur in me Dominus Deus , I will hearken what my Lord God speaketh within mee : and withall hearing and knowing like a true sheepe his sweet voyce , shee cannot contayne her but as his true spouse , in abundance of hearts-ease breaketh out and sayth , Vox dilecti pulsantis● , a●●eri mihi ( soror mea , sponsa ) Loe , the voyce of my deerly beloued knocking and sayeng , Open vnto mee ( my sister , my spouse ) And , Sonet vox tua in auribus nostris , vox enim tua dulcis & faciestua decora , Let thy voyce sownd with●n myne eares , for ( loe ) they voyce is sweet , and they face beautifull : And being ( as it we●e ) inebriated with this sweet inuitation shee ●nswereth him and sayth , Quàm dulcia faucibus neis eloquia tua , super me●ori meo , How sweet are thy words to my pallate , more sweet then ●onny to my mouth ; And againe , Ignitum elo●uium tuum vehementèr , & seruus tuus dilexit illud , Thy speach is vehemently inflamed , and thy ●eruant delighteth therin . Breif , hauing well knowne his voyce and the sweetnesse therof , shee cannot refrayne from breaking forth into his prayses , sayeng , Gutiur illius suauissimum , His throat or voyce is most sweet ; insomuch that , Anima mea liquefacta est vt dilectus loquutus est , My sowlle did melt and dissolue assoone as my beloued spake vnto mee . In like manner this puritie of Intention bringeth with it ( as is sayd ) a dissipation of passions and affections ; and this dissipation worketh a serenitie in the sowlle , which serenitie maketh the Sun of Iustice to shine in our interiour Horizon , and manifest himself vnto vs. Againe , this puritie of intention doth driue away the appetits and concupiscences of our owne will , which being cast of , their contraries take vp theyr place ; so that wheras before a man had no appetite but to his owne peruerse will , now rellisheth hee nothing el● then the vvill of God ; and therfore the Psalmist sayth , Gustate & videte quàm suauis est Dominus ▪ Tast and see how sweet our Lord is . Finally , this puritie of intention perceth and beateth downe the wall of self-will , behind which the spouse discrieth her heauēly Groome , as shee affirmeth sayeng , En , ipse flat pos● parietem nostram , prospiciens per cancellos , respiciem per fenestras , Behold , whear hee standeth behind our wall , casting his eye in at the grates ▪ looking in at the windowes . For , what other ●word ●this thick wall which hindreth vs to see God though neer vs , but our self-will which separateth vs frō him , according as it is sayd , ●niquitates vestrae diuiserunt inter vos & Deum , Your iniquities haue made a diuision or a wall betwixt yow and God ? And what are ●he grates in this wall through which hee beholdeth the spouse , but the breaches and gapps which shee maketh in this her self-will , by the heauy hammer of Abnegation ? Also what are these windowes in the wall wherat ●ee vieweth her , but pure intentions through brenunciation of all vncleanesse ? It is then the puritie of Intention that dis●ouereth God , and manifesteth vnto the sowle ●nd maketh her tast his will ; so as by this ●anifestation shee plainly seeth , and experinenteth that which before shee but only pos●essed : shee vnderstandeth ( I say ) seeth , and ●asteth this diuine will in her owne capacitie , ●yeng therin as in her owne , and that with 〈◊〉 much more pleasure as shee feeleth the one be more delitious , penetratiue , and ine●riating then the other ; ●nd also plungeth , and transformeth her self therinto with so ●uch more force , and violence of ardent ●oue , by how much shee discouereth it to be ●etter to liue therin , then in her owne will ; the ●hich hauing once taken full , fast , and peacea●le possession of her , draweth , exalteth , raui●eth , and cōioyneth her inseparably to it self , and lifteth her vp as Amber doth the strawe ; and like a torrent of delights breaking out vpon her and ouerflowing her , doth so water and inebriate her , and so wholy replenish her interiour , that like as melted and dissolued into a sea of sweetnesse , shee remaineth so cleane depriued of her owne forces and powers , that the diuine will taketh plenary possession of her , through an absolute maysterie , and without all manner of contradiction ; impelling her onward to all goodnesse , and working in her , by her , and with her , all these holie and amorous interiour operations and effects . And note , that betwixt this Manifestation and puritie of intention , thear is a mutuall augmentation and reciprocall encrease ; for ▪ as that springeth of this , so this augmenteth by that ; wherfore how much greater is the puritie of Intention , so much cleerer also will be the Manifestation ; and how much cleerer is this Manifestation , so much greater will be that puritie of Intention ; and how much sooner the soule shall haue attayned this puritie , so much the speedier shall shee likewise enioy that Manifestation . Finally , when the sowlle hath once fownd this treasor and tasted this pleasure , it shall not be hard for her to renounce from thenceforth her self , and to continue this puritie of Intention , seeing that a man easily forgoeth the lesser good and pleasure , to enjoy the greater . Of Admiration the second Degree . CHAP. III. AFTER this Manifestation of the pleasure which God taketh in the execution of his will , succeedeth another degree ( to weet ) Admiration , proceeding of three principall causes : the first wherof is the greatnes of God ; the second a mans owne Nothing ; the third the admirable familiaritie of God with the sowlle . As touching the first ; the vnmeasurable greatnes of God almightie beginneth heer to discouer it self so wonderfully , that it wholy astonisheth the sowlle ; for this interiour will by which shee is absorbed , and with which shee is become one and the self same thing , geueth her so true knowledge of God , that shee knoweth and seeth that thear is nothing else but hee , and that thear is but one being or Essence which is true , and that all things els but it are nothing : which although they haue some certaine borrowed being in thē , yet they haue it not so , as that thear is any comparison to be made betwixt their being and that of Gods , from which it all proceedeth ; whoe should not be infinit if thear were any other then hee ; for thear should hee end whear that other should beginne . Now then the sowlle knowing , and seeing this veritie by her owne experience , shee is so grownded and established therin ( not by particular discourse of the vnderstanding , but by a generall and simple view and by her inheasion to God ) as that shee neither seeth , knoweth , nor feeleth any other thing then this infinite essence , and incomprehensible beautie ; wherwith astonished , shee heerhence beginneth to tast the immensitie or infinitie which shee had but only heard tell of afore ; and this experimentall knowledge of the infinitie of God ingendreth this Admiration in the sowlle . Furthermore , this Admiration is augmented by the contrarie cause ( to weet ) our Nothing , which is as great an extremitie on the other side , and no lesse profownd gulf ; the perfect knowledge of which poynt cometh by the knowledge of the other , for Cōtraria iuxta se posita magis elucescunt , Contraries set one by another are more euident : so that like as black is more perspicuous set by white , so doth mans Nothing appeare more cleerly , being compared with the immensitie of God ; as also on the other side the immensitie of God , by comparison with mans Nothing , yea , these twoe poynts are so incident one to the other , that without the one yow can not knowe the other , insomuch that a man can neuer see the infinite Essence of God , till first hee knowe his owne Nothing ; neither yet his owne nothing , before hee haue the true knowledge of this diuine immensitie ; but the sowlle once knowing it , knoweth forthwith right perfectly her owne Nothing ; the sight wherof putting her into an astonishment and admiration , maketh her to break forth and say with the Prophet , Ad nihilum redactus sum & nesciui , I ame brought to nothing and wist it not ; for why shee hath so long contemplated , and so intimately embraced this infinite Essence in this will , that when shee retorneth to behold her self in conference , and comparison with this infinitie , shee acknowledgeth her self meer vanitie and a very Nothing ; the which acknowledgement freeth her , and geueth her a frank accesse to God , and free egresse and regresse vnto him at her pleasure , as hee himself witnesseth sayeng , Egredietur & ingredietur , & pascua inueniet , Shee shall goe forth and enter , and shall find pasture . But these twoe diuine illustrations and operations are followed by a third ( to weet ) by a great familiaritie and sweetnesse which our Sauiour vseth toward the sowlle , wherat shee remayneth yet more astonished , for that commonly , like seek and accompanie with theyr like , as Noblemen with Noblemen , gentlemen with gentlemen , ploughmen with ploughmen , beggers with beggers , insomuch as to see a Lord conuerse with a begger , were a note of Heroycall and admirable goodnesse in him ; but if a king should be seene to doe it , it would be reputed an humilitie and condescent worthy of immortall memorie : now what were all this goodnesse and humilitie compared with Gods , whoe so vouchsafeth to conuerse with man ? truly , nothing els but mallice , and pride . If then it seemeth so greate goodnes , one worme of the earth to conuerse with another , what bountie ( trow yee ) is it to see the king of kings and God of Gods familiar with a worme , and which hath nothing but commeth from him ? yea , which is most of all , with a syn full sowlle and his enemie ? seeking her , wooing her , chearing her , shewing her all louely and gratious regard , and incessantly honoring her with some particular grace or other ; in fine , making shewe as though hee had some speciall need of her ; yea seeking her grace with such instance , loue , and humilitie , as though all his good depended on her consent , and all his felicitie consisted in her fauor . The sowlle ( loe ) mounted to this degree , and seing with an illuminat eye the extent of so infinit goodnes of God toward her , not only falleth into a profownd admiration therof , but departeth euen out of her self through extreame astonishment , so farre forth as falling therby as into a trance or Extasie , in excesse of loue and ioy shee crieth out sayeng , Fulcite me floribus , stipate me malis , quia amore langueo , Prop mee vp with flowres , beset mee rownd with apples , for ( loe ) I languish for loue . If the twoe Qweenes , Hester and shee of Saba fell into an extasie , the one in beholding the glorie of king Assuerus , the other in viewing that of Salomon , what marueill may it seeme to the sowlle , to see so excessiue loue and goodnes of Allmightie God himself toward her ? But what are these flowres which may so support and prop her vp in her languishment , but the examples of Iesus Christ , the which shee desireth to imitate ? sayeng within her self : I desire to forgoe and renounce my owne will by his example , for the vvill of God , and be obedient therunto vntill death as hee was , and to annihilate my self like him , to the end I may render some parte of my debts to that vnmeasurable goodnes : I languish of the wownds which loue hath made in my heart with the arrowe called Sagitta electa the choise arrowe , the which that diuine Archer ( whoe is Charitie ) hath shot into my heart estosoones vpon his Manifestation vnto mee , and whoe also like a good Archer hath followed his arrowe , so that both are fixed in my heart , and lodged in my bowells as it is sayd , Ad●eum ●eniemus , & mansionem apud eum faciemus , VVee will come , and will abide with him . Behold , this arrowe is all on fier , and neuer cometh but to kindle this fier in our land ; the heat therof burneth mee , the loue inflameth mee , the ardour melteth and dissolueth mee like wax before the fier , consuming all my forces , and ( in fine ) maketh mee to die vnto my self and liue to God ; and how farther this arrowe perceth and my wownd is greater , so much more incurable is my languor , and holsome my hurt . And therefore is it that I entreat yow to support mee with the flowres and examples of Iesus Christ , and to strengthen mee with the apples of odoriferant prayers ; for ( loe ) these flowres and frutes are as pillars wheron I rest mee and ame borne vp , as being as hard as Adamant , high as heauen , of depth bottomlesse , of durance endlesse . See heer , how this holie sowlle speaketh , rapt in admiration of this infinite goodnesse , and wholly infiered and inflamed with the ardēt loue of her heauenly spouse ; and not hable to containe any lōger , breaketh out through excesse of feruor into inward tearmes and boyling acts , tearmes and acts vnderstood rather of God then of herself ; and is by this meanes highly lifted vp to God : and by how much the more shee admireth him , so much more is her eleuation , and so much the cleerer and essentiall her discouerie , and view of the diuine will and sweete pleasure of God ; and by how much more shee admireth him , so much the higher is her eleuation ; and reciprocally how much higher is her eleuation , so much the more shee admireth him , and is made therby so much the more capable of that goodnesse . But note , that I meane not that explicitè the sowlle rest and stay on these three poynts , nor that shee practice them by way of consideration ; but rather that they present them selfes generally vnto her as diuine lights , shee not leauing of the Contemplation of the diuine will to seeke them , but wholly and continually remayning fixed therin . Of Humiliation , the 3. degree . CHAP. IIII. AFTER this Admiration ensueth Humiliation , a degree which followeth immediately after hauing discried and admired the diuine immensity and omnipotencie , in that the sowlle hath cleerly seene that God is euery whear , as hauing seene him without and within her , aboue and belowe her , on euery side and rownd about her , and after hauing perfectly perceiued that God is more inwardly within her then shee herself : moreouer , hauing knowne his goodnesse , tasted his sweetnesse , seene his beauty , enioyed his familiaritie , and experimented in her his liuely and efficacious Inaction , his sweet and secret operation , his strong and violent attraction , and ( finally ) after hauing compared her vilitie , her mallice , her nothing , with the immense glorie and goodnesse of God , shee beginneth to produce profownd ( though most secret and subtile ) acts of humilitie , sayeng one while with S. Peter , Recede â me quia homo peccator sum , Depart from mee , for ( loe ) I ame a sinfull wight ; And anon with S. Elizabeth , Et vndê hoc mihi ? VVhence and from what goodnesse cometh it , that God vouchesafeth thus to come and visit mee ? Otherwhiles againe with S. Peter , Tu mihi lauas pedes ? Comest thow to wash the feete of my muddy and earthly affections through thy heauenly and familiar condescent and chearishings ? thow ( my Lord and God of all glorie ) wilt thow through the familiar and delitious operation of thy diuine will , thus daigne to disgust mee of myne owne bitter and abiect will ? what ! thow that art the king of kings and Lord of Lords , wilt thow abase thy self so lowe as to conioyne thy will with myne , and operate so familiarly with , in , and by it , and endure that it doe one and the fame act with , in , and by thy diuine will. Lord , I ame affrighted at this noueltie , astonished at this bounty , and ouerwhelmed with this glorie and maiestie , and ame not hable to endure so great abatement of thy greatnesse , nor sustaine so great a flashe of thy splendure , nor comprehend such excesse of goodnesse , nor abide so strong assalt of so infinit loue ; Recede â me , Lord , depart from mee a sinner , Et dimitte me paululùm vt plangam dolorem meum , And leaue mee a while to wayle my sinnes ; els , Non lauabis mihi pedes in aeternum , Thow shalt not wash the feete ( of my passions and affections ) with thy familiar blandishments and heauenly delices . To whom as to her that vnderstandeth not as yet that mysterie , God answereth , Quod ego facio tu nescis modò , scies autem postea , VVhat I doe , thow knowest not now , thow shalt know it heerafter . As if hee would saye , My spouse , thow vnderstandest not the effect and consequence of this my worke ; thinke not that I doe it only to manifest vnto thee my benignitie , but also to releiue thy necessitie , for why , Si non lauero te non habebis partem mecum , Vnlesse I washe thee thow shalt haue no parte with mee ; if by the tract of my spirit I plucke thee not out of thy fleshe ; if by the tast of my true pleasure I make thee not forgoe the false ; if with the rellish of my heauenly sweetnes I make thee not distast the earthly ; if by the peace of my will and pleasure I free thee not from the warre of thy passions ; if by a ioy in my will I make thee not forsake thine owne ; if ( finally ) by a supernaturall contentment and repose I make thee not cast of that of nature , thow shalt remaine euer thine owne , and allwayes in thy self , hauing the feet of thy affections still fowlle and soyled with earthly myer , and consequently canst haue no parte with mee in that goodly Citty of mine , wherinto Nuliū intrabit coinquinatum , No defiled thing shall enter : and therfore by this my liuely , efficatious , sweet , and familiar operation in , and with thee , it pleaseth mee to wash and make cleane thy feete ( to weet ) the inferiour parte of thy sowlle , from all spot of passion and disordinate affection , and radically to plant my will in thee , wherby to make thee my liuely temple , holie tabernacle , Paradise of pleasure , and ( brief ) to make thee one spirit with mee , yea myne owne sweet spouse for euer and euer , for Sponsabo te mihi in aeternum , I will espouse thee for euer . The sowlle thus seing that such is his diuine will , which is her only lyfe and ioye , and to the which shee aspireth from the bottome of her heart , with an vnsatiable desier to resigne herself wholly therunto , answereth , Domine non tan●um pedes meos , sed & manus & caput , O Lord , wash not only my feet , but my hands and head also , that I may not only haue cleane feet for to walk in thy wayes , but also an illumined vnderstanding to knowe thy lawe , and innocent hands to doe good workes , wherby being wholly despoyled of the old man , I may from henceforth say , not only Laui pedes meos , quomodò coinquinabo eos ? I haue washt my feet , how shall I now fowlle thē any more ? but also , Exui me tunica mea , quomodò induam illam ? I haue put of my garmēt , how shall I put it on againe ? wherunto the spouse answereth , Qui lotus est , non indiget nisi vt lauet pedes , sed est mundus totus , Hee that is washed , needeth not but only to wash his feet , but is wholly cleane : for , if thow haue no vaine affections thow shalt be cleane all ouer , Et macula non erit in te , And thear shal be no spot in thee : and therfore let me doe my will in thee , let mee operate like a true spouse , let my spirit repose in thee , let mee labour together with thee , for that according to the word I haue passed vnto thee , Sponsabo te mihi in fide , I will espouse thee in fayth . The sowlle hauing vnderstood this mysterie , as one wholly dissolued into sweetnes , and inflamed with loue , sayth , Anima mea liquefacta est vt dilectus loquutus est , I was wholly dissolued assoone as I heard my beloued speake ; and goeth on in spirit with the virgin Marie sayeng , Ecce ancilla Domini , fiat mihi secundum verbum tuum , Loe heer thy handmayd ( oh Lord ) be it vnto mee as thow hast sayd . And heerupon , by such her sweet consent and hearty resignation to the vvill of God , shee becometh straightly vnited therunto , receiueth it into her , and ( finally ) is become therby the mother of Iesus Christ , for ( quoth hee ) Quicunque fecerit voluntatem patris mei qui est in coelis , hic frater , & soror , & mater mea est , VVhoe so doth the will of my father whoe is in heauen , hee is my Brother , my Sister , and my Mother . And the sowlle hauing so spiritually conceiued him , and being become great of him , shee charily keepeth , cherisheth , nourisheth , worshippeth , and adoreth him in her heart , like as the virgin Marie did in her boddie ; and so ( to be short ) shee is blessed , not for being the wombe which beareth him , or the teates which nurseth him , but for being shee whoe hath heard the word of God and kept it . Now , albeit this Dialogue passe not betwixt God and the sowlle in these expresse and formall tearmes , yet silently and in spirit they passe in effect and substance within the sowlle in this her desire of Humiliation ; the which spirituall effect a man cannot expresse but by such articulate words . And thus by this degree of Humiliation ought the sowlle learne to humble herself amid the familiar visitations and blandishments of her heauenly spouse ( that is to say ) behaue her with as profownd reuerence toward that great maiestie , as it daigneth to stoope in so great familiaritie to her ; and ought to take great heed not to render herself reciprocally familiar vnto him as to her equall , for so should shee make of this familiaritie a wall betwixt God and her , and a very thick clowd which would hinder her from the cleer aspect of the spouse , and from wading forward into his greatnesse ; a poynt wherin many spirituall persons doe very much preiudice themselfes , forgetting through Gods great familiaritie with them , to render vnto him a due and profownd reuerence . The reason why such familiaritie of the sowlle toward God is such an obstacle and clowd , is because that therby shee accomodateth the greatnesse of God to her smallnesse , and his diuinitie to her humanitie , and so seeth allmost nothing at all out of her self , nor any greatnesse aboue her owne ; wheras by profownd reuerence shee is raysed vp aboue her self to the greatnes of God , and proportionateth herself in some sort to him , and her humanitie to his Dietie , and so shee seeth things which are aboue her ; in the one God is proportionated to the sowlle , in the other the sowlle to God ; in the one God is abased without that the sowlle is any whit lifted vp , in the other the sowlle is lifted vp , without that God is any whit abased : And so yow see the one serueth as a clowd to vayle the greatnesse of God from the sowlle , and the other as a light wherby to discerne it . Of Exultation , the 4. degree . CHAP. V. EXVLTATION of heart ensueth incidently the degree of Humiliation ; for , the same causes which doe humble her , doe like wise make her exuit , because her smallnesse which sheweth her that shee is nothing of her self , doth likewise shewe her how shee is all in God ; and how in leauing a being finite , shee vniteth her to an infinite , knowing well that seing shee is nothing of her self , but of that which is ( to weet ) God ; and if then shee subsist of him whoe sustaineth her , that consequently hee is in her and shee in him : and heerin consisteth the true Exultation of the heart . The greatnesse also , and magnificence of God as they doe humble her , so likewise doe they rayse in her this Iubilation , seing herself made one and the same with them . Moreouer , the familiaritie of God , or spirituall conception aforesayd of Iesus Christ causeth this humilitie in her , and that humilitie is accompanied with Exultation , insomuch as after that humble conception shee singeth with the virgin Marie , Exultauit spiritus meus in Deo Salutari meo , quia respexit humilitatem ancillae suae , My spirit exulteth in God my Sauiour , because hee hath respected the humilitie of his handmayd . Finally , another more essentiall cause then these which produceth this extreame Exultation , is , the marueillous and inseparable vnion of the spirit of man with God : wherof for that I haue already treated in the 2. chapter of the first Parte , I forbeare heer to speak , referring the Reader therunto . Of this Iubilie and Exultation of spirit spake shee whoe hauing tasted it sayd , Exultabimus , & laetabim●r inte , memores vberum tuorum super vinum , VVee will exult and reioyce in thee , remembring ( that is ) hauing experimented that thy teates are better then wyne : Shee sayth better then wyne , In quo est Luxuria , VVherin is Luxurie , wherunto this Exultation is contrarie , as being Vinum germinans virgines , The wyne which engendreth virgins or the celibate lyfe , and making a man for the fruition of these spirituall delights , to despise all the pleasures of the flesh , for , Gustato spiritu deficit omnis Caro , The spirit once tasted , all flesh fayleth . The effects of this Exultation are , that it withdraweth vs from all vagaries , retayneth vs at home within our Interiour , asswageth the dolour of Abnegation , encourageth Pusillanimitie , commaundeth affections and bridleth Passions ; also , it is an oyle which suppleth the stubburnes of mynd , sweetneth the bitternes of the heart , sollageth the tediousnes of lyfe , and reioyceth the spirit ; it is a saulce which maketh toothsome the vnsauorie morsell of mortification , a medicine which healeth the wownds of affliction ; a water which strengthneth the debilitie of the spirituall sight : In fine , it maketh vs despise all carnall consolation , forget all worldly delights , surmount our calamities , to sit at ease amid our toyles and trauayles , and to triumphe ouer our infernall foes : it maketh easie , things seeming impossible , it geueth courage to perseuere , it openeth Paradise , and wafting the sowlle ouer a sea of miseries , lifteth her vp to heauen , as shee of whome is sayd , Quae est ista quae ascendit de deserto , de lit ijs affluens , innixa super dilectum suum ? VVhoe is this that ascendeth from the desert , abounding in delights , leaning vpon her beloued , and firmly vnited to him ? Of Eleuation , the 5. degree . CHAP. VI. AFTER this degree of Exultation succeedeth the last of Eleuation of the will and mind into God ; the causes wherof are all the former degrees ( to weet ) Manifestation , Admiration , Humiliation , and Exultation . For first , that of Manifestation sheweth the sowlle as farre as her reach extēdeth the vvill of God , and how shee is in God , making her truly , really , and experimentally to tast it in her owne capacitie ( namely ) that it is spirit and lyfe ; a thing so surpassing all vnderstanding , as that no witt or doctrine can comprehend it , seing that naturally none can exceed the bownds of Nature , but to know what is spirit and lyfe a man must be in spirit and lyfe , which is aboue nature and beyond the actiuitie of her Sphear , and so not naturally to be knowne ; but this degree of Manifestation discloseth vnto vs the vvill of God ( spirit and lyfe ) in that it lyfteth vs vp aboue nature ; yet notwithstanding forasmuch as this degree discouereth not the vvill of God so plainly as the others in theyr order , so neither doth it lift vp the sowlle so much as they , but as it doth but only begin the discouerie , so doth it but begin to lift vp the sowlle into God. Admiration , likewise as is manifest , lifteth vp the sowlle , for that Admiration being nothing els but a totall extension of the sowlle , and all her powers vpon an obiect beyond and aboue her capacitie , it must of necessitie lift vp the admiring sowlle , for that such extension of her self , and totall application of her powers to this will , causeth consequently on the one side an auersion from exteriour things , by a totall intraction of her powers and senses , and on the other a perfect inherence or adhesion therunto wherby to comprehend it ; the which auersion , and conuersion or adhesion to the supernaturall obiect work this Eleuation . The like is of Humiliation , eleuating the sowlle as is shewne , Quia respexit humilitatem ancillae suae , For that hee hath respected the humilitie of his hand-mayd : and a whyle after , Et exaltauit humiles , And hath exalted the humble : It eleuateth her ( I say ) not only in grace , vertue , and fauor of God , but also in actuall Contemplation and experimētall knowledge of him ; for that by such act of Humiliation ( as is shewed ) a man reducing himself with all other things to nothing , hee seeth God in all things , or rather all things to be God , and consequently can see nothing but God euery whear ; and this is the true Eleuation . Then for Exultation , the like also is of it ; being but an excessiue spirituall ioy , the plenarie abundance wherof replenisheth wholly the sowlle , and with her extreame sweetnes so inebriateth her , as that cleane forgetting the world and all creatures , yea her self , shee remaineth wholly fixed in this fountaine of ioye ( to weet ) God , whoe hath totally seazed vpon all her powres , and so strooken and wownded her heart , and taken a full possession therof , that shee hauing now no more dominion ouer herself , followeth his inflaming instincts and attractions all in all , and ( as it were ) hand in hand , geueth eare to his wordes , embraceth his doctrine , and ( finally ) geueth herself wholly ouer vnto him , submitting and subiecting her to his good pleasure ; followeth him like as doth the shaddowe the boddie , adheareth to him like the Accident to the Substance , like the Circumference to the Center , the member to the boddie , the branche to the vine , and the parte to the wholle ; and so is perfectly becom one and the same spirit with God , for , Qui adhaeret Deo , vnus spiritus est , VVhoe so adheareth to God , is one spirit with him . Thus then it appeareth how the Interiour vvill of God cometh not all at once but by little and little , and how the sowlle feeleth it by degrees , shee being without this diuine will likevnto the world , wholly repleat and couered all ouer with the darknesse of the night , and it on the other side like vnto the Sun or day , the which as it approcheth , expelleth and banisheth all that darknesse , leauing her like a little world all ouer illumined ; but as the daye commeth not all at once but by degrees , and successiuely , so likewise doth this will : For , as in the morning the day beginneth to appear , and shew it self by little and little , so also doth this diuine will in the beginning of Pure intention . After followeth the dawne or breake of day , which sheweth manifestly that the day is entred into the word ; wherunto resembleth the degree of Manifestation , which in like maner manifesteth that the vvill of God is entred into the sowlle . Then afterward the sun beginneth to ryse , lightning the world somwhat more , and this resembleth the degree of Admiration , by which the fowlle apprehen deth more perspicuously the vvill of God , and is therby more illuminated then before . After this the Sun dischaseth all the darknesse of the night , the which is the degree of Humiliation , wherby ( namely ) by the great abasement and annihilation of the sowlle shee discouereth more essentially this vvill of God , and vniting her self perfectly therunto , disperseth all her spirituall fogg and darknesse . After all this , the Sun sheweth himself in his full and compleat beautie and brightnesse , suche , as that therby it cheereth and cherisheth all creatures both reasonable and vnreasonable ; which office appertaineth to this degree of Exultation , wherin the vvill of God sheweth it self so fayer and admirable , that the splendure therof cheereth and reioyceth the reasonable and vnreasonable parte of man. Finally , the Sun after all the foresayd degrees , riseth so high and very bright , that therby the world is likewise cleane eleuated out of the deepe darknesse of the night , vnto that splendure which wee see at Noone day ; the which representeth this last degree of Eleuation ; the vvill of God bringing at last so great light and splendure with it , as that the sowlle is quite exalted out of the abysse of her spirituall darknesse , euen to the perfect contemplation of God her true Sun , with whome being arrayed like the woman in the Apocalypse , and , Amicta lumine sicut vestimento , Clad all in light like as with a garment , the Angells fall on admiring her , sayeng , Quae est ista quae progreditur quasi aurora consurgens , pulchra vt luna , electa vt sol terribilis vt castrorum Acies ordinata ? VVhoe is this that cometh forth like the rising morning , beautifull as the Moone , choyce as the Sun , and terrible like an Armay in battayle array ? Certaine Aduises touching the premisses . CHAP. VII . NOTE , that I propose not these degrees as poynts or considerations to meditate vpon , but as effects which this diuine will operateth in the sowlle , the same effects not arriuing so much by her owne industrie , as by the operation and illustration of that will within her , shee only disposing herself therunto by the cutting of of all affections and passions , and by pure intention , listning in all peace and repose of heart , profownd silence , and tranquilitie of spirit to this diuine will. Moreouer , thear are some whoe for being too actiue and exteriour , attayne only to the actiue will , without tasting at all the contemplatiue or interiour . Others some thear are that attayne to so high degree , that they see almost continually the interiour will ; and suche see not the Exteriour , because that the Exteriour they haue made the Interiour . Againe , some haue attained the perfection to abyde in the supereminent will , and those see neither the Exteriour nor the Interiour will , for , of both they haue made the supereminent ; not that the one and the others doe not the work contayned in the first parte , according to the rules of things commaunded or forbidden , for that ( loe ) were a very grosse errour , wherof I haue aduertised yow in the sayd first parte , as likewise doe heer againe ; but that they doe those works interiourly with an other manner of intention , and more eminent meanes . To conclude , yow must be admonished not to retayne precisly in your mind the Ideaes of those degrees and diuisions of the diuine will , to stay thervpon ; but as that will is in it self spirit and lyfe without all maner of image or Idaea , so and in such sort must yee endeuor ( as neer as may be ) to contēplate it , these degrees and diuisions seruing only to help and make capable therof , the sowlles that haue not yet tasted the same , and which without such diuision are not hable to cōprehend it , as is shewed afore in the first and fowrth chapter of the first parte ; for , as the light of the day may be distinguished by degrees , according to his successiue and peece-meale coming into the world , and yet in it self is simple and without distinction and multiplicitie ; so the light of this diuine will may be distinguished by that it sheweth it self successiuely vnto the sowlle , and yet for all that is most simple , vniforme , and voyd of degrees and multiplicities ; for like as the Sun sheweth himself in one degree of light at breake of day ; at his vprising in an other , at Noone in another , and yet is but all one light ; euen so this diuine will discouereth it self in one degree of light to Beginners , in another to Proficients , and in a third to the Perfect . Note also , that although I say , that yow must feele and tast in your self this will and pleasure of God , yet must yow neuer byde vpon that feeling , yea though grownded on the Abnegation of your owne will , and vpon the vvill of God ; for , although it be right good to take a tast and contentment in the abnegation of your self , and in the vvill of God , yet must yow not for all that insist and dwell vpon that tast and contentment , but meerly in the vvill of God. For better vnderstanding wherof yow are to weet , that in this act of Abnegation thear concurre twoe things , Renunciation and Contentment ; on the first wherof yow are to insist and rest , but not vpon the latter . So likewise in the act of Resignation vnto the vvill of God thear are twoe things ( to weet ) the Resignation it self , and the Tast that one taketh therin ; on the former wherof yow are to repose , but not on the other . For defalt of which obseruation and due discouerie of this deceipt , I haue knowne some very much abused ; and that so much the more , by how much this error is subtile , and couered with a fayer pretext of Abnegation or Resignation . Finally , yow must not think your self hable to attayne to this second parte of the vvill of God , till yow haue first well and dulie practised the first by true and long mortifications ; as hath bein touched in the 18. chap. of the first parte . An Examination necessarie to be vsed by the Practiser of this second Parte of the vvill of God. CHAP. VIII . AS for this second Parte , it needeth no exact Examination , for that it consisteth rather of effects of the spirit then of any industrie of ours ; only it shall suffize to examin . First , whether ( hauing fownd by the first degree of Manifestation this Interiour will ) yow haue conserued , chearished , and entertayned it , without being distracted ; reiecting all passions , and mortifieng all affections , so farre forth as that yow haue had no other ioye , consolation , and lyfe , then in the same . If when yow could not haue this Manifestation nor tast of this diuine will , yow haue searched in the bottome of your heart the cause therof , with a strict examination whether yow haue not had any passion of ioy , or sadnesse , feare , loue , hatred , or any affection of willing or nilling ; and hauing fownd any such , whether yow haue faythfully repelled it or no. Furthermore , for as much as the degree of Admiration dependeth and proceedeth of three poynts ( to weet ) of the Immensitie of God , of his Familiaritie , and of our owne Nothing , as hath bein shewne , examin whether yow haue duely annihilated your self ; for that , of this annihilation dependeth the perfect familiaritie , and knowledge of the immensitie of God. As touching the 3. degree of Humiliation , yow are to reuise whether toward the familiaritie and blandishment of the heauenly Spouse , your sowlle haue carried and comported herself humbly ( that is ) with as profownd reuerence toward so great maiestie , as it hath daigned to stoope so familiarly to her ; or whether contrariewise shee haue forgotten her self , in rendring him reciprocall familiaritie as to her equall , and so haue made of such her presumption a wall ( as it were ) betwixt God and her , or a vayle or thick clowde , wherby shee is hindred truly to contemplate her Spouse , and diue into his greatnesse ; a falte which many spirituall persons commit to theyr great domage , not knowing with the familiarity of God , to reserue and render vnto him a due and profownd reuerence . Examin also , whether yow haue duely vsed the ioy and Exultation of Spirit , in infu●ing and plunging your sowlle farther into the vvill of God , and made vse therof toward a more intense and profownd Renunciation of your self , in driuing away all pusillanimitie and yrksomnesse of mind , and all imagined difficultie of mortification , without reposing sensually theron . As for Eleuation , that is a degree or effect dependant of the fowre former . Finally , whether yow haue continually borne in mind , that yow are not expresly to retaine therin , the images or representations of the degrees related in the second parte , nor the diuisions of the vvill of God , but rather whether yow haue endeuored according to your powre and capacitie , to knowe and contemplate it such as it is in it self ( to weet ) simple , and without all maner of image or diuision ; though to declare it vnto yow it hath bein necessarie to diuide it as yow haue seene . Likewise , whether yow haue taken the same 5. degrees , not for your owne acts , but for operations and effects of the Spirit of God in yow . Heer endeth the Second parte of the Rule of Perfection . Laus Deo. THE COPPIE OF AN ADVISE TOVCHING PRAYER , giuen vnto one , afflicted by reason of the great sterilitie vvhich hee fovvnd therin . THE first and principalln thing which a man ought in Prayer to doe , is to rectifie his intention ( that is ) to take it in hand only because God would haue it so , without any other end or motiue whatsoeuer ; and to continue the same only end and motiue . The second is , after such Protestation , to examin his interiour , and discerne if ( hauing protested such intention ) hee hath sayd true or no ; and this by a simple view or reflexion on himself , examining his heart and sownding the bottome of his interiour , whether thear be not any other thing besids this will lodged therin ; as , if hee desire the end of Prayer ; if hee feele any tediousnesse therin ; if hee seek occasion to depart or to be called away ; if hee wish to be illuminated , enflamed , or consolated in any sort whatsoeuer , aswell in the superiour or spirituall parte of the sowlle , as in the inferiour or sensible ; and finding by the examen any of these things or other whatsoeuer , hee must reiect it as a pernitious and venimous serpent , and as opposite to the foresayd protestation and vvill of God. Now , this reflexion and examen is nothing els , but to iudge and feele wherto his mind is drawne , what hee wisheth , desireth , and taketh pleasure in , or contrariewise in what hee is displeased , discomforted , and what hee flieth . The third thing is , the continuance of this examen and reflexion , if so be that hee taketh only for his Prayer and subiect this vvill of God , to the end that the sowlle remaining in her puritie , discharged of all affaires , and not being hindred by any other sight , may continually view , fixedly and soly contemplate , and sweetly tast this pleasure and delitious contentment of God. Or els , hee ought often to visit it by a frequent reflexion , if hee take for his subiect meditations and aspirations ; to the end that perceiuing any other thing to intrude it self into his interiour , hee may reiect it as opposite and contrarie to this puritie of intention , yea , the very desire of illumination and of high contemplation : and this reiection must be no otherwise done then by the same will , in turning by a simple conuersion therunto , and by a contempt , auersion , and obliuion of all creatures . And note , that for the most parte , the hindrance of the puritie of intention , and deception of well minded persons , are the good desires , which doe hinder , retayne , and ruine so much the more this integritie of intention , by how much the lesse they are discouered and held for such , as ( for example ) the desires of feruour , deuotion , teares , contrition , and illumination ; for , inasmuch as they are disguised with the cloake of pietie , one taketh no heed of them , so that without suspition , the desire of them entreth into the bottome of the heart , and wholly possesseth and ruleth it , not leauing roome for the vvill of God , the which often tymes is quite cōtrarie ( to weet ) that hee be not consolated nor illuminated , neither that hee haue teares and sensible deuotion ; for , true deuotion consisteth only in contenting himself with this vvill of God , or ( as saith S. Thomas ) promptly to doe that which appertaineth to his seruice . This blindnesse continually commeth , because ( as is sayd ) a man looketh only on the cloak and exteriour of such desires , and not on their interiour true substance and effects , which indeed are nothing els but consolation and illumination ; yea , proper will , naturall contentment , and self loue . For , yow must knowe that the wholle stable sowndation and grownd of perfection , is the vvill of God , which ought alwayes to be seene and shine in our interiour , and neuer to vanishe away nor be left of either by affliction or consolation ; no more in ariditie , sterilitie , and contradiction , then in deuotion , consolation , and perfect resignation ; because that this will is a thing so celestiall and transcendent , that it reformeth all deformitie , and rectifieth all crookednes , and as a thing firme and stable , dischaseth and ( as it were ) absorbeth all vacillation and instabilitie , and is no lesse in our pouertie , sterilitie , and fragilitie , then in our abundance , deuotion , and perfection , though not according to sence , but to reason ; wherof wee are assured by the diuine powre and prouidence gouerning all things . VVhoe then desireth true contentment of mind , and to liue with quietnesse in God , it is necessarie that hee alwayes establish himself vpon this vnmoueable fowndation , and cornerstone of the vvill of God , reposing cōtinually theron , and that , by way of Resignatiō . But as this fowdation is not alwayes sensible , but often hath residence only in the Reason , so likewise some tymes a man can not haue this Resignation sensible ; but only the reasonable ; the which hee may alwayes haue , euen when the sense is quite contrarie to the Resignatiō ; for , one may be resigned when hee hath any contradiction , sterilitie , or substraction of deuotion , notwithstanding the contradiction of the sence , all the which hee may accept as the vvill of God : yea , if hee feele not in himself the courage so to accept it and resigne himself , hee must mount higher , and take as the vvill of God this Irresignation ; and if yet the darkenes be so great that hee can not thus doe , hee must also resigne his darkenesse : if ( finally ) by reason of tediousnesse hee hath not the will to performe any of these things , hee must offer to God this tediousnes and defect of good will , and take it at his hands as his will in this maner , reducing to Resignation the letts of Resignation which may occurre ; to the end that in this sort , allwayes and incessantly the vvill of God may ( as is aboue sayd ) deuoure all things , and that a man may dwell allwayes therin : and this kind of Resignation of Irresignation is farre more frutefull , meritorious , and sublime , and leading more directly to the true vnion with God , mortification of himself , and transcendence ouer all things , then that which is done according to sence ; and a man may say that the one is simple , and the other dubble ; yea , that the one is so many tymes dubbled as it doth absorb and surmount intrinsecall obstacles . And note , that this Rule of accepting all things at the hands of God is so generall , that it hath no exception , in such sort that a man must accept not only the extrinsecall crosses and afflictions of the world , and of his neighbour at the hands of God , but also the very intrinsecall , proceeding from his imperfections , for , Omnia cooperantur in bonum diligentibus Deum . The three points of this aduertisment are more particularly distinguished into 6. in the 9. chapter of this rule of Perfection , and are not only fit for the perfect but also for the Beginners , that therby perceiuing the true end of Prayer , they may tend therunto by a more straight line ; the want wherof causeth diuers ( euen spirituall men ) to passe many yeares , yea some theyr wholle lyfe , not only without attayning to any perfection in Prayer , but also without knowing the true end therof , which is the will and pleasure of God. A LETTER CONTAYNING AN ANSVVER TO A doubt touching the Obiect of the vvill of God. DEAR Brother ; this present shal be for your satisfaction , and to resolue yow touching a certaine doubt which yow fownd in reading the exercise of the vvill of God. And as cōcerning that which yow say ; first , that thear is great difference betwixt God and his will ; for my part I acknowledge no such : For , I think that hee which seeth this essentiall will ( to weet ) considered only in God , by consequence hath seen God , and that as one and the same thing , not as diuerse ; for in God thear is nothing but God. And touching this point and the elucidation therof , thear is nere a whole chapter in the third part , whear thear are not too many arguments which proue it , and too many Doctours thear alleaged which with one consent affirme not the same : concerning which also , I haue had heertofore the aduise of some Diuines , though the thing be of it self too cleer , and likewise the Method sayth the same . But I see your error heerin proceedeth from this cause ( to weet ) that yow haue not well marked how I haue diuided it into three sorts of wills , yow hauing no respect to the difference therof ; not that in it self , but in vs it is distinguished . Now , yow notwithstanding write to mee of the vvill of God in generall , not expressing which of the 3. yow speake of . And it is no marueil if yow know not the sublimitie , and nuditie which I attribute to the essetiall vvill of God , seing yow haue not read what I haue written therof ; and therfore yow ought not to condemne a thing which yow neuer haue but halfe seen . For , whoe so hath read the third part , I doubt , rather will reprehend the contrarie fault ( namely ) that it is too naked , abstract , and spirituall , and nothing els but God. Now , yow alleage that this exercise admitteth some Obiect , wherof is no particular one in God. To which I answer , that this word ( Obiect ) may be vnderstood twoe maner of wayes ; for a generall , or for a particular obiect . As concerning the generall which is God himself , I answer that the third or supereminent will admitteth also no other but him , though not so in the first and second part , whear thear is some particular obiect which to the Beginners seemeth to cause some difference betwixt God and this VVill ; but it is because that at the first this diuine will sheweth it self as exteriour , and then after as interiour , and finally , as essentiall ; not that in it self it is variable or different , for that cometh of our part whoe so doe contemplate it proportionably to our light which is small , and not wholy abstract from an obiect in the Actiue life . Now , this light is greater in the Contemplatiue life , and most great in the Supereminēt , whear this will is seen to be God himself , which appeareth more plaine by the similitude which followeth . Yow must knowe then , that this exterior will is like a riuer which runneth into the sea , for so doth this will carrie our soule to God : and as the riuer-water is not called the sea though it be the same water , so this exterior will is not properly called God though it be but one and the same spirit ; and as the limits only , and not the substance causeth it to be called a Riuer and not the Sea , so the limits of this will , and not the substance giueth it the name of VVill , and not of God ; and as the limits of the riuer haue not their Originall frō the same , so the limits of this will proceed not therof but from our darknes ; and as , if thear were no land wee should see no riuer but all sea , because thear would be no limit , so if thear were in vs no clowd of darknes , wee should see no more this will as such , but only God , as is declared in the ninth Chapter of the 3. parte : And as the shipp in this riuer being not hindred , necessarily is transported by the streame therof into the sea , so the soule hauing no impediment , is caried by the course of this will vnto the naked Essence of God ; and as when one is so led into the maine Ocean , hee seeth no more the riuer ( though the same in substance ) but the sea , so hee which is transported into the essentiall will , seeth no more this ( as such ) but God only . Yf yow demand why in the beginning a man taketh not God for the Object of this exercise without this vvill , I aske why doth not one leape ouer the stile before hee come at it ? or why the ship which is at Roan doth not ride in the sea at Nevvhauen , rather then in the riuer of Roan ? If yow say because it is at Roan and not at Nevvhuaen , I answer the like ; that the Beginners are not in this ample and spatious essentiall sea of God , but in this riuer of his vvill which will leade thē therto . And I hold it a point of great indiscretion to set a little bote on the maine sea , and a Beginner in the naked Ocean of the diuine essence . Yow may see therfore , why at the beginning I haue not denudated this exercise of an Obiect : yow may also perceiue in some sort that it was the only , perfect , succinct point , and that which bringeth most light , which I could choose wherinto compendiously to reduce the whole spirituall life , without euer leauing it of , or seeking others , no lesse then the ship which to goe into the sea , neuer leaueth the riuer wherin shee rideth . In the beginning I only call it vvill and not God , because one of these twoe words fitteth better the Actiue life thē the other , because more properly wee say in the Actiue life ; I will doe this thing because it is the vvill of God , thē to say , because it is God : also that would be too sublime a doctrine , and ( litterally taken ) scarse to be admitted : likewise because all exercises , wayes , vertues , and perfections , are better reduced to this , then to any other point . In the Contemplatiue life also or second part , I doe not take this word God , because thear is yet some image though verie subtile and secret . Finally , in the Supereminent life or third part , I doe not alter this word vvill , fearing least a man might think that I had chāged the point or obiect of this exercise ; but I keep allwayes the same word , keeping still the distinction of three Epithets ( to weet ) Exteriour , for the Actiue life ; Interiour , for the Contemplatiue , and Essentiall , for the Supereminent ; VVhich must be noted for auoyding in this exercise both error and confusion . And thus much for the resolution of your doubt . From Orleans , this 16. of August . 1593. Your Brother in Christ Iesus B. Benet FOrasmuch as the third part mentioned of this Rule , treateth only of things abstract , of high contemplatiō of the Essence of God ; it is thought vnfitting the common sort , and therfore not conuenient to be published , vnlesse ( perchance ) heerafter vpon some farher reasons or experience of these tvvoe parts , it shall othervvise seeme meet . Meane tyme these so abundantly , plainly , and succinctly shevve the meanes and lay open the vvay to perfection that the diligent Practiser of them , vvithout the other shall quickly attayne therunto . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A68048-e1950 1. Abridgement of the vvhole spirituall life . 2. Breuitie . 3. Meritorious . End of others . Fitt for all . vvithout multiplicitie . Sure from deceipts . The end and the meanes . Similie . 6. Permanent . Similie . Similie . Similie notand . 1. Renouncing of him self . Matt. 16. Luc. 9. 2. Resignation . Matt. 26. 3. Puritie of heart . Matt. 5. 4. Presence of God. Psal 15. 5. Knovvledge of himself . Ephe. 4. Knovvledge of God. Ioan. 17. Annihilation . Psal . 72. Vnion . 1. Corin. 6. 9. Contemplation . Psal . 54. 10. Loue of God. Ioan. 14. 11. Trāsformation . Rom. 13. Coloss . 3. Gal. 2. Ephes . 4. Galas . 2. Psal . 131. a Ioan. 4. b Matt. 26. c Thess . 4. d Ioan. 6. e Psal . 29 f Psal . 8● g Mat. 12. Marc 3. Epist . 1. ad Elidoniū inter pri . & mid . August . lib. 1. de Trinit . 13. circa prin . tomo . 2. The summe of the vvhole practise of this Rule . Matt 13. Gregor . Hom. 11. in Euan. Greg. homil . in loan . 21. Psal . 45. Argument . 1. Deceipt . 2. Deceipt . 3. Deceipt . 4. Deceipt . 5. Deceipt . Objectiō . Ansvver . 2. Obiection . Ansvver . In supplemen . qu. 15. art . ● . Rom. 12. Lyra. in Rō . 12. De cael . hier . c. 15. S Th. in opd●hu . Christi post init . Iac. 1. The exterior vvill . Psal . 15. Matt. 19. Matt. 15. Hebrae . 13. Luc. 20. Rom. 13. Obiectiō . Ansvver . 1. Of things commanded . 2. Of things forbidden . 3. Of things indifferent . Coll. 3. Rom. 8. VVhen the thing is difficile vvhat is to be done . VVhen the matter is of importance . Coloss . 3. 1. Argument . 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Exod. 3. Psal . 49. Psal . 8● . Psal . 50. I. Doubt , and the solution . 2. Doubt , and the solution . 3. Doubt . Solution . Note vvell . Galat. 5. Rom. 7. 1. Ioan. 5. Matt. 11. 2. Tim. 2. Great cōfort for the tempted . Rom. 7. Iob. 7. 4. Doubt . Solution . Hovv to knovv yf a ma haue consented . Tvvoe causes of vveaknes . 5. Doubt . Resolutiō . Dan. 3. 1. Reg. 11. Eccl. 10. Prou. 28. Similie . Psal . 38. Abac. 3. Ibid. 3. Reg. c. 10. Psal . 75. 1. Cor. 13 Psal . 44. 2. 2. q. 128 art . 4. Actually , 1. degte . Faultes against this degree . Onely . 2. degree . Faultes against this degree . VVillingly , 3. Degree . Psal . 75. Faultesagainst this degree . The first kind of ●ontradiction in doing the vvill of God. 2. 3. 4. 5. The 2. kinde of cōtradiction . 1. Reg. 11. The 3. kind of contrndiction . Hier. 48. 2. Cor. 9. Ibid. Assuredly , the fourth degree . Faults against this degree . The first cause . Remedy . 2. Cause . Remedy . Simlie . Coloss . 3. Aug. sup . Psal . 46. 3. Causae . 1. Cor. 10. 4. Cause . 1. Cor. 12. Cleerly the 5. degree . Obiectiō . Ansvver . Obiectiō . Ansvver . Fault against this degree . Sim●lies . Speedily , the sixt degree . Faulter against this degree . 1 1. 2 2. 3 3. A man fayling in the former degrees , must neds fayle in the latter , but not contrarievvise . Devv occupation during the vvorke . Note . Similie . Tvvoe meanes to continue the purified Intention . Meanes . Luc. 5. 2. Meanes . Note . The first error . 2. 3. 4. 1. Actually . Cant. 8. 2. Onely . Cant. 1. & 3. Cant. 4. Matt. 6. 3. vvilligly . Cant. 5. Cant. 4. Thren . 3. Psal . 53. 4. Assuredly . Cant. 7. Apoc. 21. 5. Cleerly . Cant. 1. Cant. 3. Psal . 72. Psal . 45. Cant. 2. 6. Speedily . Cant. 2. Ambr. hom . in Luc. Luc. 1. The seat of continuation . Cant. 3. Iob. 38. VVhy these six degrees be heer putt devvne . 1. Cause . 2. 3. Demonstrations by example . Ioan. 6 Tvvoe things in generall in the lyfe of our Sauiour to imitate . Ioan. 13. Somefayle in the one , and some in the other . 1. 1. Petr. 2. Rom. 8. 1. Ioan. 2. Means to enter and continue in this practise . Practise upon the 5. Senses . psal . 53. S. Elizabeth . S. Catherine of Siena . Vpon the povvers of the Soulle . Boett . de consol . Phil. Met. 2. S. Tho. 1. a 2. 〈◊〉 Error . Remedie . Error . Remedie for the Intelligence . S. Dionys 3. ep . ad Caium Mon. Cant. 6. Genes . 32. Cant. 4. Similie . Remedie for the vvill . Psal . 84. Fovvre sorts of prayer . Six interiour Poīts necessary for prayer . 1. 2. 3. 4. 4. Once entred by abnegation , difficultie is taken avvay . Chap. 6. Chap. 7. Chap. 8. Chap. 9. Chap. 10. Chap. 11. Chap. 12. Chap. 13. Chap. 14. Chap. 16. Chap. 18. Description of the interiour vvill of God. The sueetnes of this vvill . The difference betvvixt the Exteriour and Interiour vvill . S. Bernard . In opusc . de humanit . Christi &c. Psal . 83. Prou. 4. Manifestatiō the. I. Degree . It proceedeth of a pure intention . VVhy it is not tasted . Hovv this choyce is made . Note . The sovvlle must plunge her self more deeply in the vvill of God hauing once fovvnd it . Let ts of the interiour vvill . Hovv this degre proceedech from puritie of intentsion . Psal . 84. Cant. 5. Cant. 2. Psal . 118. Ibid. Cant. 5. Cant. 5. Psal . 33. Cant. 2. Isay . 59. Admiration the 2. degree . It proceedeth of 3. causes . The greatnes of God. 1. Cause . Our nothing . 2. Cause . Psal . 7 2. Ioan. 10. Psal . 49. Cant. 2. Isay . 49. Psal . 14. Luc. 12. Psal . 77. These degrees be not considerations . Humiliation . 3. Degree . Luc. 5. Luc. 1. Ioan. 13. Apoc. 19. Iob. 10. Ioan. 13. Ibid. Ibid. Apoc. 21. Osee . 2. Ioan. 13. Cant. 5. Ibid. Ioan. 13. Cant. 4. Osee . 2. Cant. 5. Luc. 1. Luc. 11. This dialogue passeth in spirit . VVhy faemiliarity maketh a vvall bevvixt God and the Souls Exultation . 5. Degree . VVherof it cometh . Luc. 1. Cant. 1. Ephe. 5. Zach. 6. The effects of Exultation . Cant. 3. Eleuatiō ▪ 5. Degree . Effects . 1. 2. 3. Luc. 1. 4. Corin. 6. Similie notan . 1. Degree . 2. Degree . 3. Degree . 4. Degree 5. Degree 6. Degree . Apoc 12. Psal . 103. Cant. 6. Aduises . 1. 2. 3. 4. Similie . Note vvell . 7. Poynts to be examined . Notes for div A68048-e14760 3. Principall things in Prayr . Hovv to examin the intention . For prayr grovvnded vpon the only vvill of God , continuation of examē . For other sorte of Prayer , frequent reflexion . Secret deceptions . VVhat is true deuotion . 2. 2. qu. 82. art . 1. The grovvnd of all perfecction . Hovv to repose cōtinually in God. A perfect Resignation . Note . Rom. 8. Notes for div A68048-e15140 Similie notan .