Pax vobis, or Ghospell and libertie against ancient and modern papists. By E.G. preacher of the word. Dedicated to the right honble the Lord Halyfax Griffith, Evan, A.M., Minister of Alderly. 1679 Approx. 218 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 96 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2007-01 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A42139 Wing G1990 ESTC R215168 99827126 99827126 31540 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A42139) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 31540) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 1886:23) Pax vobis, or Ghospell and libertie against ancient and modern papists. By E.G. preacher of the word. Dedicated to the right honble the Lord Halyfax Griffith, Evan, A.M., Minister of Alderly. [20], 166 p. s.n.], [London? : Anno 1679. E.G. = Evan Griffith. Place of publication conjecture by cataloger. Reproduction of original in the Bodleian Library. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. 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Stand fast in the Libertie , wherewith Christ hath made vs free , and be not entangl'd again with the yoke of bondage ( Popery ) Gal. c. 5. v. 1. Anno 1679. THE PREFACE TO THE CHILDREN OF THE REFORMATION . BE not concern'd to know whose hand it is which holds the link , but follow the light it gives : reach your hand to receive this Treatise , which marks the shore , where the Ark of our Reformation , shatter'd by a deluge of troubles , may rest ; which is a Holy liberty to all and each Person to believe or not believe ; act or not act , as he pleases with a safe conscience acording the Principles of our Reformation . We generally lament the convulsions which shake our Church and State , through the diversity of opinions , professed by our several Congregations ; som remedies have bin applied to bring vs to Peace and conformity ; but all have proved ineffectual : som of our Drs judge , nothing can cure our disease , but a General Council or supream Authority , to whose sentence we should all submit ; but this , besides that it is Popish , to grant any human Power for to oblige our consciences against our jugdments in matters of Religion ; is but an imaginary remedy for a real Evil : for , it 's not in the Reformation as in Popery ; in this there is a supream Authority for to convene the Pastors of diverse Kingdoms to a general Council ; in our Reformation there is none : Popery believes its Councils and Popes infallible ; and therefore they cannot but acquiesce , because an infallible sentence leaves no doubt of the Truth ; but in the Reformation , all Councils and human Authority are fallible ; and consequently their Decisions may be doubted of , and we are never certain of the Truth . Others judge , the remedy of our disease can be no other , but Pills of persecution , penal laws , Acts of Parliament , Ordinances of Synods , forcing men to conformity ; but this has proved not only destructive to the peace of the Church , but has shockt the very foundation of our Reformation : for if we must believe under severe penalties what the State and Ecclesiastical Authority will have vs believe ; then scripture must be no more our Rule of faith , but the state and Church , which tells me what I must believe ; and we must be deprived of the right and power of interpreting Scripture and believing it in the sense we think it to be the true ; and yet our whole Reformation is cemented and was first raised vpon this Holy Libertie ; That every one should reade Scripture , interpret it , and believe whatever he thought was the true sense of it ; without any compulsion or constraint for to believe either Church , State , Universitie or Dr. if wee did not judge by Scripture his Doctrin was true . If Prudence had as great a share in our Conduct , as Passion , wee should regulat our future by the effects of our past actions ; and if wee will cast an eye back to the transactions of later years , we will find this compulsion of Mens Consciences has produced but confusion in our Church , and fatal disturbances in our State ; contrarywise , never did our Reformation enjoy more peace , shin'd with more lustre , and held its course with more happiness , than when none was molested for his Profession , but euery one had libertie to believe and teach , what Doctrin and sense each one thought to be the most conformable to Scripture . Confider the infancy of the Reformation , when God raised Luther to repair the ruins of the Church ; how of a suddain it spred it self in Germany , France , Holland , Poland , Scotland and England , and by what means ? was it not by takeing away all constraint of mens Consciences ( vsed then only in the Popish Church ) our blessed Reformers takeing to themselves and giving to others , a Holy libertie for to teach and believe what ever they judged to be the Doctrin and true Sense of Scripture , tho it should be against the received opinion of the Councils , Church , Universities and Drs. ? look into the Reign of Edward the VI. then , did our Reformation florish in England ; and was miraculously propagated by the Liberty of Martin Bucer , Cranmer , Ochinus , Peter Martyr and others in teaching Calvinism , Lutheranism , Zuinglianism by Scripture as every one vnderstood it : Descend to the reing of Queen Marie ; then , the light of the Ghospel was eclypsed , because the flock was again popishly compelled to believe , not what they judged by Scripture to be true ; but what the Pope and Church judged was such : Com down a step lower to Queen Elizabeths time ; then , the flock recouering that holy liberty for to believe what each one thought was the Doctrin of Scripture ; the Reformation gained ground ; our several Congregations lived peaceably ; for tho Protestancy was establisht the Religion of the Land ; others were not oppressed , nor their liberty constrained by compulsions : step down a degree lower to king James his time ; the Reformation held its course as prosperoussy as in Queen Elizabeths time , because mens consciences were not oppressed ; all Reformed Brethren had full libertie to believe as they pleased ; tho Protestancy was the Religion of the King : look down a step lower to king Charles the first 's reign ; his Matie carried with a godly zeale of restraining the diversity of opinions , begot by the liberty enjoyed in his Predecessors times , would by new Laws and Ordinances force the flock to an Uniformity of Doctrin , but our zealous Brethren the Presbyterians , impatient of any constraint in affairs of Religion , and pleading for the Evangelical Libetty of our Reformation , for to believe nothing , nor vse any Rites or Ceremonies but as each one judged by Scripture to be convenient ; they covenanted against his Majestie and Bishops ; and the storm grew to that height , that both Church and state were drown'd almost in the blood of our Reformed Brethren : lastly looke vpon our Realm as it is at present , the symptom● of disatisfactions which you may read and hear in the Coffie houses , in public and privat conversations ; the sparkle● of jealousies , which appear in our land ▪ the Cabals against our gouernment ; the animositie of deuided parties ; the murmur and complaints of all ; what 's all this but the smoke of that hidden fire of zeale , wherwith Protestants would force Presbytherians by penal Laws , to profess their Tenets , Presbyterians exclaim against Protestancy as against Popery ; Quakers judge both to be limbs o● Satan ; Anabaptists look on all three , as Children of Perdition ; and no Congregation would give libertie for to profess any Tenets but its owne ; in so much that if you consider all well , each of our Cōgregations , are as severe Tyrants ouer our judgments and consciences , as Popery was ▪ and our Reformation comes to be in effect but an exchange of one Italian Pope , for many English ones : for as in Popery , we must submit our judgments to the Pope and Church of Rome , or be esteemed putrid rotten members ; and be shut out of heauens gates ; and suffer Inquisitions , persecutions , excommunications and what not ; so among vs , you must believe Scripture as interpreted by the Church of England , or you are condemned by them ; you must believe Scripture as interpreted by the Presbyterians , or you are accursed by them ; you must believe as Anabaptists do , or you are damn'd by them ; and not one Congregation among vs , but would root all the others out of the world , if it could ; and wee do not feare that danger wherof S. Paul Gal. 5.15 . warns vs , If wee bite and devour one an other , let 's take heed , wee be not consumed one of an other ; giving vs likewise a holsom advice in the same place , how to prevent this euil ; Stand fast in the libertie , wherewith Christ has made vs free , and be not entangled again with the yoke of bondage : The world did groan vnder this heauy yoke in Popery ; wherin our Rule of faith , was Scripture as interpreted by the Pope and Church : Scripture was kept from the hand of the flock : no man permitted to give or believe any interpretation or sense of it , but what the Pope , Church and Fathers did approve : our reason , our judgments , our consciences were slaves vnder this yoke , vntill that God raised our glorious and blessed Reformers Luther , Calvin , Zuinglius , Beza and others who tooke a holy Libertie , and gave v● all libertie for to reade and interpre● Scripture : to believe no Doctrin , bu● what wee judged to be true by Scripture ▪ to believe any sense of it , which wee judged to be true , tho contrary to all th● world : they tooke for their Rule of fait● Scripture , and nothing else but Scriptur● as each one of them vnderstood it ; thi● same Rule of faith they left to vs , and ● holy freedom and libertie of our judgments and consciences , that any man o● sound judgment may hold , and believ● whatever sense of it , he thinks to b● true . This therefore is the scope and end o● my following Treatise ; that , wheras ou● Rule of faith , as J will prove by th● vnanimous cōsent of our whole Reformed Church , is Scripture or Gods Wri●ten Word , as interpreted by each perso● of sound judgment ; that wheras b● the Principles of our Reformation , n● man is to be constrained to believe an● Doctrin against his judgment and conscience : ( otherwise why were not we left in Popery ) it is impious , tyran●cal , and quite against the spirit of the Reformation , to force vs by Acts of Parliaments , Decrees of Synods , invectives , and persecutions of indiscreet Brethren , to embrace this or that Religion ; that every one ought to be permitted to believe what he please ; if you think Bigamy to be the Doctrin of Scripture : if you think by Scripture there is one Nature and four Persons in God ; if you think Transubstantiation to be true ; if you judge by Gods Word ther 's neither Purgatory nor Hell ; finally whatever you think to be the true sense of scripture , you are bound as a true Reformed Child , to believe it ; that it is quite against the spirit of the Reformation to censure , oppose or blame the Doctrin or Tenets of any Congregation , or of any Doctor of the Reformed Church ; because , that any Doctrin professed by any Christian Congregation , whatever ( the Popish excepted ) or that ever was delivered by any man of good judgment of the Reformation , since the beginning of it , vntill this day , is as truly and really the Doctrin of the Reformation , as the Figurative Presence or kings supremacy is . Consequently Protestants are deservedly to be checkt for persecutin● Quakers ; Quakers , for murmuring again● Presbyterians ; these , for their invectiv● against Anabaptists and Socinians ; A● are very good ; and you may lawfully according the Principles of our Reform●tion believe them , or deny them . This Evangelical libertie of believin● any thing , which we judge to be the sen● of scripture , tho all the rest of the worl● should judge it to be a blasphemie , the most distinctive sign of the Refo●mation from Popery ; for Papists are th● Children of Agar the slave ; they liv● in bondage and constraint to believe at Doctrin , which the Pope and Church pr●poses to them ; and if a learned man ● vniversity should judge it to be contra● to Scripture ; he must submit his judgment to that of the Pope , or be co●demn'd as an Heretic : in our Reform●tion , wee are the Children of Sara t● Free ; our Rule of faith is Scripture ● each Person of sound judgment in th● Church vnderstands it ; if wee do n● like the Doctrin of the Pope , Church ● Council , wee may gainsay them all , an● hold our own sense of Scripture : ● enjoy the Prerogative of Rational cre●tures , we are lead by our own reason , which God has given vs for our conduct , and are not like Beasts , constrained to follow that of others . Wee follow the Rule given vs by S. Paul Rom. 14. He who eates , let him not despise him who does not eate ; and he who does not eate , let him not despise him who does eate , for God hath received him : that 's to say , he who believes let him not check him who does not believe , as he does : and he who does not believe , let him not blame him who does believe : but let each one believe , or not believe as he thinks best in the Lord : This holy libertie and freedom is the Spirit of God , for , where the Spirit of God is , there is libertie , 2. Cor. 3. saies the great Apostle : The Lord inspire to our Parliament that now sit● vpon a perfect and new settlement of Gouvernment and Religion , to follow the footsteps of our first renowned Reformers : to enact that there may be no other Rule of faith , but that which we received from our Reformers , and which is laid down for vs in the 39 Articles of the Church of England : that is , Scripture as each one best vnderstands it , without regarding the judgment , sense , or interpretation of any but the pure Word of God , as we vnderstand it : and to enact Penal Laws against any so bold and vncharitable , as to censure or blame the Tenets of any Congregation , be it Lutheranism , Presbyterie , Arianism , Judaism or Paganism : or any Doctrin whatever , that any man of sound judgment thinks in his conscience to be the sense and Doctrin of Scripture . Three things make me hope , that this Treatise will be wellcom to the well inclined and pious Reader of our Reformed Church : first , that there is not one author quoted in this booke , but our own Doctors , learned and godly Children of the Reformation ; and this J observe , that my Reader may know ther 's not a Jot of any Doctrin heer but what is of the Reformation ; and also advertise our Writers and Schoole men , how much , they discredit our Reformed Church , by makeing so much vse of Popish Drs and Bookes in their Writings ; as if wee had not great and learned men of our own ; if wee looke into our Bishops and Ministers libraries ; wee shall meet but books either of confessedly Papists , or strongly suspected of Popery ; and you shall hardly meete in any of them , the works of Lurher , Calvin , Beza , or any of our own authors , if you do not meet som Comedies , or Romances : if you reade our Modern Writers , you shall find their bookes to be stuft with arguments stolen from Stapleton , Peron , Bellarmin , and other Popish Drs. wheras they ought to take their Doctrin from Luther , Calvin and our other first Reformers , Apostles raised by Gods heavenly Spirit ; Oracles by whose mouths and pens he delivered the pure and Orthodox Doctrin of the Ghospel ; heavenly Fontains , from which wee ought to drink the Doctrin of the Reformation : therefore , J have made a particular study , for the comfort of my Reader , not to profane this Treatise with any quotation of any Popish Writer , none but our own Drs. Secondly my Reader will be pleased with this Treatise , because J do not oblige him to believe the contents of it : if he mislikes any Doctrin couched in this booke , let him not believe it ; if he likes it , let him believe it ; what J pretend is , to maintain his libertie for to believe or not believe what he please and that none can say black in his eye , for believing whatever he judges to be the sense of Scripture ; let all others think of it what they will ; for , our Rule of faith , as J will prove , being Scripture as each Person vnderstands it , who can be so bold as to check you for teaching and believing what you vnderstand scripture to say ? som Doctrins there are in this booke delivered by Luther , Calvin , Zuinglius , Beza , and others ; which our Church of England and som others do call blasphemies , and scandalous Tenets ; and their irreverence and arrogance is run so farr : as to condemn those blessed men , for teaching such Tenets , and say that they swerved from the truth ; and had their fraileties , in so much , that many of vs are ashamed to own those great men to have been our Reformers and leaders : this is an impiety altogither insupportable , it cannot be suffered with patience , that such Apostolical men , who were vndeniably our first Masters of the Reformation , should be so vilified and abused : therefore J do prove , that ther 's no Doctrin delivered by them , but is to be esteemed and called the Doctrin of the Reformation : and can be according the Principles of the Reformed Church , believed and taught by any Reformed Child : for what is our Rule of faith in the Reformation , but Scripture as each Person of sound judgment vndestands it ? consequently what is the Doctrin of the Reformation , but what any Person of sound judgment vnderstands to be of Scripture : whatever Doctrin therefore , Luther , Calvin , or others judged to be of Scripture : how can you deny it to be the Doctrin of the Reformation : or blame them for teaching and believing it ? if you do not like it : the most , you can in justice do , is not to believe it : but you cannot justly say it s not the Doctrin of the Reformation , because it 's Scripture as vnderstood by Persons of good judgment : nor can you in justice blame them , or any other for believing it , if they like it : for , must not wee believe , what wee judge in our conscience to be the Doctrin of Scripture ? Lastly my Reader will be pleased with the sincerity and plain dealing of this Treatise : as much as wee are all offended by the dissimulation and double dealing of our Modern Writers , whose aim and scope in the bookes they give out Seems to be nothing else , but to say so●what whereby they may be thought t● be no Papists , and nothing is less foun● in their Writings , than the pure and orthodox Doctrin of the Reformation● and what is to be bemoan'd , that you● hardly see in the houses or hands of th● flock the works of Luther , Calvin , o● our other first Reformers , they are hi● from vs , to keep vs in ignorance of th● true Reformed Doctrin , and wee see bu● Bramhal , Tillinson , Taylor , Stillingfleet Thorndik and such others , whose Doctrin is neither Popery , nor of the Reformation , but a new compound of both they do so mangle the questions controverted with their scholastical subtilities and distinctions , as if they wer● ashamed to own openly our Tenets and did endeauor to get the opinion o● moderat sober men with the Papists by drawing as neer as their Interest ca● permit them , to their Doctrin . Ask them , if we be obliged to believe the Doctrin and sense of scripture delivered by a general Council ? our first Reformers resolved roundly that we are not : nay Luther , saies expresly we are bound to gainsay , and work against the Decrees of any Council : but our Modern Doctors answer with a pretty Distincction , Ther 's a civil obligation , quoth one , but no obligation in conscience : Ther 's an obligation in conscience , saies an other , provided you do not believe they are infallible : you may believe they are infallible objectively or terminatively , saies an other : but not subjectively : they are infallible in fundamental points , saies an other , but not in inferior Truths . An other will come yet , and say they are absoluty infallible in all Articles , and thus by little and little , the Papists gain ground against vs , and the lustre of our Reformation is clouded by the cowardliness , or insincerity , or hiprocisy of our Modern teachers . 1. Kings 18. How long halt ye between two opinions ? if the Lord be God , follow him : but if Baal , then follow him : Luther , Calvin , Beza and our other first Reformers were raised by God to teach vs the purity of the Ghospel : let vs not be ashamed to follow their Doctrin : to speake , preach , and believe as they did : Therefore , J do propose their Doctrin in this Treatise in its native coulours , that if you like it , you may believe it , and if any be so bold as to Say you believe fals or sca●dalous Doctrin , you must answer : i● the Doctrin of the Reformation , b●cause its Scripture as vnderstood b● Persons of judgment , and the greate Oracles wee had : and if you do no● like it , you may deny it , but bewa● never to blame or check any other fo● believing it : this is the Holy libertie o● the Ghospel and of our Primitive R●formation . FIRST DIALOGUE . ISMAEL . I have read your Preface and Principles , & me thinks you drive to establish a new Religion ; for that vnlimited libertie , which you assert for to belieue or not belieue whatever we please with a safe Conscience , is not allowed by any of our Reformed Congregatiōs ; and it were to be wisht you should rather stick to som one of the Congregations now establisht , than to erect a new one for we have but too many already . Isaac . The Lord forbid ▪ I should think or speake otherwise then as becometh a true child of the Reformation : If you will oblige me to belieue Scripture as interpreted by the Lutheran Church ( the like I say of any other Congregation ) and deny the Tenets of all others , what difference betwixt me and a Papist in the electi● of my Religion ? for the Papist's R●ligion must be no other , but Script● as interpreted by the Pope and Cōci● my Religion must be Scripture as int●preted by the Lutheran Church , a● no other ; my judgment and Conscie● therefore is as much constrained as t● of the Papist ; and our separation fr● Popery will com to be but an exchan● of one slavery for another ; in th● our judgments and Consciences w● slaves to the Pope and Councils ● this , we are slaves to the Luthe● Church : We became a Reformat● by shaking of the yoke of Pop● from our judgments , and leaving th● free for to belieue Scripture as w● the assistance of Gods spirit , each o● best vnderstands it ; and if we ● continue a Reformation , we must ● submit again our judgments to a● other , but retain that blessed liber● we recouered for to belieue the Te● of any Congregation . I confess this ●bertie is not allowed by any one p●ticular Congregation , as you obser● but you must also grant me , that ● allowed & taken by the whole bod● of the Reformation , for in this who● body , as it comprehends Protestants , Lutherans , Presbyterians , &c. one Cōgregation believes what the other denies , and in any of them a man may live with a safe Conscience ( which you will not denie ; ) therefore any man has full libertie for to believe or deny with a safe Conscience the Tenets of any Congregation : hence it follows ( and to my grief I speake it ) that no particular Congregation , be it of England , France , or Germanie , has the true spirit of the Reformation , in doting so much vpon their particular Tenets , as to thinke they cannot be as well denied , as believed ; and in looking vpon them with so passionat eys , as to censure , check and force others to believe them : you shall see by this discourse , that the true spirit of the Reformation is not in any one particular Congregation separatly taken from the rest ; for each particular Congregation constrains as much as it can , all people to believe its own Tenets : Protestancy would have vs all to be Protestants , and would root Lutherans out of the world as well as Popery ; Lutherans would , if they could , draw all to their own Nett ; Presbytery esteems itself to be the best of all , & would crush Protestancy if it could : This then i● the spirit of each particular Congregation , a Limiting , confining spirit to som particular Tenets with an exclusion of all others ; but looke on the whole Body of our Reformation , a● it includes all Reformed Congregations distinct from Popery ; there i● a holy extension of spirit and libertie for to be either Lutherans , Presbyteriants , Protestans , and any thing but Popery , and whatever any Congregation may say of an other , but all vnanimously agree that the spirit of the Lord is in the whole body of the Reformation , since therefore that in this whole Body there is a latitude & libertie for to profess divers and opposit● Tenets , and that each Tenet is believed by one , and denied by others ▪ we must grant that this holy libertie for to believe or deny any Tenets we please , is the true spirit of our holy reformation . It 's not therefore to be wisht , as you do , that I should stick to any one particular Congregation or Tenets ; for such a restriction is meer Popery ; and your bemoaning the multiplicity of our Congregations is profane and Popish : No , it s a blessing of the Lord vpon our Reformation , for which we shall never sufficiently thank him , that we see it divided into so many Godly branches . In the house of my father , said Christ , there are many mansions Joan. 14.2 . Ismael . By your discourse you seem to allow that we may with a safe conscience change Religions as often as we please , and be to day a Protestant , to morrow à Lutheran , next day a Presbyterian , and so run ouer all . Isaac . I know you will be startl'd at my answer , for J am not ignorant that all men apprehend it to be absurd to change & run ouer so many religions ; but truth must be declared though it may seem a scandal to the Iews , and a folly to the Gentils : It s therefore the Doctrin of the Reformation that we may with a safe conscience be to day Protestanrs , to morrow Lutherans ▪ in France Hugonots , in Hungarie Antitrinitarians , in Poland Socinians , ad in London of any Religion but Popery . Ismael . For shame you fouly impos● vpon the Reformation ; ther 's not an● Congregation that teachs such à scandalous and absurd Doctrin . Isaac . By your favor , I loue th● Reformation as the apple of my eye and will never yield to any in my zeal● for its honor and doctrin ; J am so fa● from imposing upon it , that I will evidence your error in denying this to b● its Doctrin , and it will appear tha● whoever will deny it to be very lawful to change Religions as time and occasion requires , must renounce the bes● and fundamental Principles of our Reformation , & must impiously condem● the practise of our first Reformers . Ismael . How will you make it ou● that this Doctrin is grounded vpo● the fundamental Principles of our Reformation ; wheras there is not on● Congregation of ours , but abhorrs it ▪ Isaac Sr. You may well perceive by the tenor of my discours that J am piously and charitably iealous with each particular Congregation , & tha● my drift is to shew that each of them , none excepted ▪ swerves from and transgresses against the true spirit , and solid Principles of the Reformation , as wi●l further appear in this discours . It s v●contestedly true that the Rule of faith of the Reformation , is Scripture as the humble of heart assisted with the spirit of the Lord vnderstands it ; for Lutherans will never admit their Rule of faith to be Scripture as interpreted by the Church of England , but as interpreted by themselves ; nor will England admit Scripture to be their Rule of faith as it is interpreted by the Presbyterians ; but as interpreted by the Church of England : so that the Doctrin of each Congregation is but Scripture , as interpreted by them , and wheras all these Congregations joyntly compose the whole Body of the Reformation , and each Congregation is truly a member of the Reformation ; the Doctrin of the Reformation coms to be Scripture , as each Congregation , and person of sound judgment in the Reformation ( saies the Church of England in her 39. Artic. ) interprets it . This being an vncōtrouled truth ; what man of euer so sound a judgment , but may read to day Scripture , as interpreted by the Lutheran Church , and judge in his conscience that interpretation and Doctrin to be true : consequently he may with a safe conscience profess that Religion ; soon after he may meet Calvins bookes , & charm'd with the admirable strength of his reasons and glosses vpon Scripture , he may judge in his conscience , he is to be preferr'd beforre Luther ▪ and so may lawfully forsake Lutheranism for Calvinism ; then again he hits vpon Scripture as interpreted by the Church of England , whose Doctrin ravish's him with that decencie of Ceremonies , that majesty of her lyturgie , that harmonie of her Hiera●chie ; he is convinc't its better that Calvinism , & embraces it : Then again he reads the works of Arius , and convinc't by the energie of his argument● and texts of Scripture produced by him , may alter his judgment and become an Arian . Wherin can you say does this man transgress against the Doctrin or principles of the Reformation ? Does he forsake the Reformation because he forsakes Lutheranism for Calvinism ? No sure ; for Calvinism is as much of the Reformation as the other : Is not Protestancy as much the Doctrin of the Reformation as Presbyterie ? tho he changes therefore one for the other , he still holds the Doctrin of the Reformation : Is not the Doctrin of the Reformation Scripture , not as Protestants onely , or Presbyterians onely interpret it , but as any Congregation or man of sound judgment holds it ? It is therefore evident that according the Doctrin and principles of the Reformation , he may with a safe conscience change Religions , and be to day of one , to morrow of an other vntill he runs all ouer . Point me out any Congregation ( the obstinat Papists excepted ) who will dare say , I cannot live with a safe conscience in any other Congregation but in it self ; all other Congregations will laugh at it ; Why then may not I lawfully forsake any Congregation , and pass to an other ? And be in England a Protestant , in Germany a Lutheran , in Hungarie an Antitrinitarian or Socinian . Ismael . It 's against the grain of mans reason to believe that we can with a safe conscience change Religions , as you say : If you be a Protestant , and you judge it to be the true Religion ; you are bound to stick to it , & neve● to change it . Isaac . If I did discourse with a Papist I would not wonder he should say it against the g●ain of mans reason t● believe it lawfull ; but I admire tha● a Child of the Reformation , be he o● what Congregation he will , should b● so ignorant of his principles , as to sa● a man cannot change Religions whe● he please : nor do I vndertake to prov● against the Papist , that this is lawfull but I vndertake to prove it lawfull against any Reformed Child , or for● him to deny the principles of the R●formation . Is it against reason th● a man may read to day Scripture , ● the Lutherans interpretation vpon i● & like it very well ; & that he shoul● in this case embrace that Religion Is it against the graine of mans reaso● that this same man should next year● afterwards hit vpon Calvins work● vpon Scripture , and after better consideration , think his Doctrin to surpass that of Luther , & could not he then ( being obliged to choose the best ) forsake Lutheranism and stick to Calvinism ? And is it against mans reason that he in following years may meet other bookes of Arians , Socinians , &c. & do the like ? Have not we many examples of his in our best & most renowned Reformers ? Did not Ochinus that great light ( says B. Bale ) in whose presence England was happie , reading Scripture judge the Reformation to be better then Popery , & of a Capuchin fryar became à Reformed ; after som years reading Scripture he judged Judaism to be better than the Reformation & became a Jew : Did not Martin Bacer one of our first Reformers of England & composers of our lyturgie , reading Scripture , judge Lutheranism to be better than Popery , & of a Dominicā fryar became a Lutheran ? soon after reading Scripture , he judged Zuinglianism to be better than Lutheranism , & became a Zuinglian ; not long after he became a Lutheran again as he confesses , a & forsooke Lutheranism the second time , and returned again to Zuinglianism as Sklusser : says . b Did not Cranmer one of our fir●t Reformers also of England , & composers of the 39. Articles , a wise and Religious man profess Popery i● Henry the VIII . time and compose ● book in defence of Real presence ; the● in Edward the VI. time vpon bette● consideration be professed Zuinglianism and writ a book against Real pr●sence ; then again in Queen Mary'● raign , being sentenc'd to death , he declared for Popery ; but seeing his recantation could not preserve his life , he renounced Popery and dyed a Zuinglian . I would tyre your patience i● reading & myne in relating the number of our prime , and most renowne● as well first Reformers , as Learne● Doctors , who without any scruple chā●ed severall times their Religions ; no● in te Principles of our Reformatio● ought they to be blamed : for when our Rule of faith is Scripture as wit● the assistance of Gods spirit we vnderstand it , who doubts but we may t● day judge sincerely Luther's sense of i● to be true , to morrow we may rea● with more attention & judge Ari●● his sense to be true ; next day that o● Calvin , & so of the rest : And do no● think but that we have in England many Abettors of this Doctrin : alas how many Bishops , Deans and rich Parsōs do we know & haue we known , who were Zealous Presbyterians and declared enemies of Protestancie in our Gratious Soueraign's exile , and no sooner was he restored , & had Bishopricks and Ecclesiastical dignities to be giuen but they became stiff Protestants . Observe the difference Betwixt the Papists and vs , if of a Papist you becom of any other Congregation , the Popish Church excommunicats you ; thou art Lookt vpon as an Heretic , & Apostat , a strayd sheep ; they will not admit you to their communion or lyturgy ; nay could they well auoid you , they would neuer admit you to their Companie ; and why ? Because they are fondly perswaded their own is the only true Religion , and all others to be synagogues of Satan ; and if any of vs will become a Papist , he must first abiure his former Profession : but if of a Protestant you should become a Presbyterian , a Lutheran , Quaker or of any other of our Societies , you are neuer Looked vpon to be a jot the worse for it ; we are not a Whit scandalized at such change● which we daily see ; and it is an ● speakable blessing with what acco● vnity and charitie , you may s● at our lyturgie & communion the Pr●testant , Presbyterian , Anabaptis● Socinian and Hugonot , all praysi● the Lord in one Congregation in o● Churches , none bid out of the Churc● none excommunicated , no previo● abjuration required of their form● Tenets , & ther 's nothing more f●quent among vs then to go to t● Protestant Lyturgy in the mornin● in the euening to the Presbyteri● especially if our interest or con●niēcie requires it : Can there be a m● convincing proofe that we este● it all alike what Religion & Ten● we profess ? let a Lutheran go ● France ; alas ! hee 'l neuer stick to● to the Hugonots meeting and seruice let a Protestant go to Germany , he● go as cheerfully to the Luthera● Church , as in England to the Pr●testant : let a Hugonot or Presbyteria● go to Hungary or Poland he is we●com to the Antitrinitarians , & Soc●nians ; and when any of them retur● home hee 'l be as before . Ismael . But can you prove this Doctrin by the testimony of any of our synods ? Did any teach that we may with a safe conscience change our Religion as you say ? Isaac . Yes I can : the Synod of Charenton in France held about the yeare 1634. expresly saies that for your salvation it s all alike whether you be a Calvinist , Lutheran or of any other Congregation of the Reformed , because says this Venerable synod , they all agree in fundamental points , and the Lutherans haue nothing of superstition or Idolatrie in their manner of divin worship . Change then as often as you list ; be a Lutheran , be a Presbyterian , be an Anabaptist , by the mouth of this synod you are assured you 'l never miss to hit right . And I pray can any synod of our times haue more authoritie in point of Doctrin than Luther our first Reformer , a man extraordinarily raised by God ( says the synod of Charenton ) and replenisht with his spirit for to repaire the ruins of his Church ? He teachs c the elevation of the sacrament is Idolatrie , yet he did practise i● and commanded it should be practised i● the Church of Wittemberg to sp●te th● Deuil Carolstadius : Giuing you t● vnderstand that for just reasons , yo● may teach now one Religion , no● an other . Zuinglius also whose virtu● and Learning is knowen to the work says d that God inspired him to preac● what Doctrin was suitable to the times which as it often changes , you ma● often change your Doctrin : and consider you if it be not therefore tha● Christ our lord saies his yoke is swe●● & his burden light ( that is Religio● because we can withdraw our Ne●● from it , as time and just reason requires . Ismael . Could you giue me any s●nod of the Church of England whic● deliuers this Doctrin , you would g● neere hand to convince me ; for , th● som particular Doctors should hau● taught or practis'd it , does not prov● it to be the Doctrin of the Reformation . Isaac . And what greater authoriti● has a synod of England for to prov● a Doctrin to be of the Reformation than a synod of France which I have produced ? Or than Luther and Zuinglius our first Reformers inspired by God to teach vs the puritie of the Ghospel ? Was it not from Luther and Zuinglius that England receiued the Doctrin of the Reformation ? and if England be so bold as to say they erred in this , what assurance can we haue , but that they erred in the rest ? But since nothing will please you but a synod of England , you shall haue not one , but many . Can there be any synod in England of so great authoritie as our wise and prudent Parliaments ? Read our Chronicles and you 'l find , that in few years time , they changed and established different Religions by publick acts of Parliament : In Henry the 8. Reigne they voted for Popery , and made Acts and Statuts against the Reformation ; In Edward the 6. time they banisht Popery and voted for Zuinglianism ; In Queen Mary's they pull'd down this , and sett vp Popery again ; In Queen Elizabeths , they decryed this , and set vp not Zuinglianism , but Protestancy ; in the midst of her reign , they polisht this , and added som new perfections to it ; In King James and succeeding kings times , Protestancy is of a different stamp from that of Queen Elizabeths : Heare Doue in his Exhort : to the English Recusants an . 1603. pag. 31. Henry the 8 had his Lyturgie which was very good : Edward the 6. condemned it , and brought in an other composed by Peter Martir and Bucer : in Elizabeths time , that was condemned , and an othe● approued , and in the middle of her reign , her Lyturgy was also misliked , and ● new one introduced , we are so want●● that nothing will cōtent vs but novelties ▪ Ismael . Doue does not commen● this Doctrin , for he calls that frequent exchange of Religion Wantonness and loue of noueltie . Isaac . It s no great matter what he says of it ; my drift is but to convince you that this is the Doctrin ▪ & practise of the best Members of our Reformation ; euen of England , and if you be convinc't its the Doctrin of the Reformation ; you cannot deny but that it is good Doctrin : if Doue calls it wantonness , S. Paul Ephes . 4.22 . Coloss . 3.9 . & Rom. 6.6 . commends it , and exhorts vs to put of the old man with its deeds ( that 's Popery with its ceremonies ) and put on the new man ( that 's the Reformation ) where ther 's neither Greek nor Iew , Circumcision , nor Incircumcision , Barbarian , or Scythian , bound or free , but Christ is all and in all : that 's to say ; where ther 's no distinction of Protestants or Presbyterians , Socinians , or Arians ; it s all one which Religion you profes● . Ismael . But is there no Tenet of Religion which we are all indispensably obliged to hold ? Isaac . Yes there is , and no more but one : we are bound to have faith in Iesus Christ , son of God and Saviour of the world . This is the substance of Christian Religion ; be an Arian , be a Presbyterian , be a Socinian or what you please , be also plung'd to your ears in wickedness of life , and manners , so you have faith in Jesus Christ son of God and Redeemer of the world and live in charitie you will be a member of the true Church and be saved . Do not imagin this is any new Doctrin invented by me ; search the vulgar sort of our Reformed Brethren , you shall get thousands of this opinion in our Realm ; search the Books of our Learned Drs , you shall find it in them also . Dr Morton in his much applauded booke dedicated to Queen Elizabeth , for which he deserved a Bishoprick , e says : The Arian Curch is to be esteemed a true Church , because they hold the true substance of Christian Religiō , which is faith in Iesus Christ son of God , and Redeemer of the world : and again in the same place sect . 4. whose Title , is , Heretics are members of the Church , he says , whosoeuer believes in Iesus Christ tho by wickedness of life , or Heresy in Doctrin they should err in Doctrin , they are still true Members of the Church . Therefore our learnd f Fox , g Doctor Field● , and Illiricus say the Greek Church notwithstanding their error in denying the Procession of the H. Ghost from the son , are holy members of the true Church , because they have faith in Jesus Christ . Ismael . Sure you will not say this Doctrin is of the Reformation or can be safely believed . Isaac . I do admire how you can doubt of it , and that it may be believed : for what is the Doctrin of the Reformation but as we have said in our Principles , Scripture as interpreted by any man of sound judgement in the Church ? and were not Doctor Morton , Fox , Field and Illiricus men of sound judgement , eminent Learning , and Godlines ? if-therefore this be Scripture as interpreted by them how can you deny it to be the Doctrin of the Reformation ? Ismael . And what Jesus Christ are we obliged to believe in ? for Jesus Christ as believed by the Arians Socinians , Luther and , Calvin , is far different from Jesus Christ , as commonly believed by the Protestans and Popish Church , we believe in Jesus Christ the son of God , of one and the same substance and nature with the Father ; they believe in a Jesus Christ , son of God but of a distinct and different nature and substance from the Father . Isaac . Pish ! that 's but a nicetie ; believe what you please , and what you vndestand by Scripture to be true and have charitie . Ismael . I confess you have puzzled , but yet not wholy convinced me ; were I but perswaded that what you have discoursed is truly the Doctrin of the reformation , J would cheerfully embrace it , and J will be better informed by your self , but not tyre your patience : we will meet again and pursue our Discours vpon this subject . II. DIALOGUE . ISMAEL . Reflecting in my solitude vpon your last discours , J find it bottom'd vpon a fals principle ; for you suppose that what euer Doctrin is of Luther Calvin , or any of our Learned , Drs , Synods , Parliaments , or Congregations , is the Doctrin of the Reformation and may without any more proof or scruple be believed by any Reformed Child ; who but sees this is ridiculous , to fasten the Doctrin and absurd opinions of each particular Dr , or Congregation vpon the whole body : this is the vncharitable and vnreasonable art of the Papists , who keep a great coyl with som exorbitāt opinions of Luther and Calvin , and would perswade their Proselyts , they are the Tenets of the Reformation ; wheras the Reformation disclaims those opinions as much as the Pope does : and they do not , poore people , observe how many absurd and scandalous Doctrins we meet in their Casuists and Divins , which when we reproach them with , they answer it s not the Doctrin of their Church , but of som particular Drs ; as if we might not with as much justice as they , answer the same . Isaac . Your reflection is good , and my discours will fall to ground if I do not prove that principle , which will be no hard task : Let vs imagin we are heere a full synod of Protestants , Presbyterians , Hugonots , Lutherans , Antitrinitarians , Anabaptists , Quakers , and of all and each of our Congregations ; our Reformation is not any of these Congregations with an exclusion of the rest ; but all of them ioyntly ; for whatsoeuer Congregation would say it self alone is the Reformation , and no other , would be hiss'd at by the rest ; and iustly ; because that our Reformation imports two points essential●y : first a Profession of Christianitie according the Rule of the Word of God , and a detestation or abjuration of Popish Errors ; and none of these Congregations but does both . Ismael . I know som of these , Pharisee like . despise others , and Looke upon them , not as Ref●rmed , but as putrid members ; but the Lord forbid I should be so deuoid of charitie ; I see no just challenge any can have to the Title of Reformation , which all haue not . Isaac . Let vs ask this synod by what Rule of faith does the Reformation walk ? what must a man believe for to be a true Reformed ? Protestants will say , that Scripture and Apostolical Tradition ; but Protestants say of Papists ; and Presbyterians and Anabaptists say of Protestants ; that many human inventions are obtruded upon vs as Apostolical Traditions ; that we have no way to discern the one from the other , and con●●quently Tradition , as being an vnknown thing vnto vs , cannot be our Rule : others will say that Scripture and the indubitable consequences out of it , is our Rule , all will grant this : but then enters the Controversie , if the consequences of Lutherans be such , and if the consequences of Presbyterians be indubitable out of Scripture , and each Congregation will say that their peculiar Tenets are indubitable consequences out of Scripture , and the rest must allow it to be true , or deny such a Congregation to be of the Reformation : Others will say that Scripture and the four first General Councils , with the Apostles and Athanasius's Creeds are our Rule of faith ; but most of the assembly will no more admit the four first , than the subsequent Councils , nor Athanasius his Creed more than that of Trent ; nor will the Quakers , Socinians and others value the Apostles Creed . But there is none of all the Assembly , who will not admit Scripture that 's the pure written word of God , to be a sacred and full Rule of faith , because it s replenisht with Divin light and all Heavenly instruction necessarie for our saluation : and such as ad , as a part of our Rule of faith , the Apostles or Athanasius his Creeds , or the four first General Councils , they will confess that all they containe is expressed in Gods written word , and are but a plainer , or more distinct expression or declaration of the Contents of Scripture . Ismael . Truly I must grant you this , that I have been often present at severall discourses of Protestants with Papists , and never yet could I heare a Protestant make Councils , Tradition , or any thing els the Test of their discours but onely scripture ; not but that I could heare them say and pretend in their discourses that Apostolical Tradition , and the four first Councils were for them against Popery ; but still their main strength and vltimat refuge was Scripture ; for when ever they harp vpon that string of Tradition and Councils , the Papists are visibly too hard for them , and then they run to Scripture , than which there is no plus vltra . I have been also often at severall discourses betwixt Protestans , Presbyterians and our brethren of other Congregations , and have observed that the Protestant , for to defend his lyturgie , Rites and Ceremonies of the Church of England , and her Episcopacy against the others , could never defend himself by scripture alone , and placed his main strength against them in Tradition , Primitive Councils , and ancient Fathers , all which the others rejected and reproached the Protestant with Popery , for making vse of that weapon ; that if thy would stick to those Principles as their Rule of faith , they must admit many Tenets of Popery , which they disavow ; that nothing but scripture is a sufficient warrant and Rule of faith : And I find by all I could ever well vnderstand , that its the General apprehension and belief of all the Reformation , that Scripture abundantly contains all we are obliged to believe , and is our sole and adequat Rule of faith , and that our recours to Tradition , Councils , Fathers &c. are but shifts of some of our Drs. who being Non plust in their particular engagements , and Sophistries , patch the incoherencie of their discours with these raggs of Popery . Isaac : I commend your ingenuity , but not that heate which transports you to check our Drs for their glosses and particular Doctrins vpon Scripture , which , as the Manna relisht of all sorts of Victuals which the Eater● fancied , admits several senses according the different spirits and measure of light that God gives to the Reader , and it is vndoubtedly the the Spirit of the Reformation to follow what sense of it he likes best , and not to check others for following this or that as they please : Lutherans , Protestants , Presbyterians , &c. have all for their Rule of faith Scripture , which each of them interprets in a different sense ; Luther for the Real , Protestants for the Figurative Presence ; Protestants for Episcopacy ; Presbyterians against it ; and so of others : and tho each esteems his own sense to be the best , yet none , is so bold as to say the others may not be saved in their own sense of it , or deny them to be true Children of the Reformation ; nay that Venerable Synod of Charenton , as I quoted aboue , has declared that the Lutherans , tho opposit to them in their chief Tenets , are their beloved Brethren and have nothing Idolatrous or superstitious in their manner of Divin worship : the fundamental reason of all this is , that our Rule of faith , is but Scripture as each Person of sound judgment vnderstands it . Ismael . I grant all your discourse as to this particular ; for its certain Lutherans will not admit Scripture as interpreted by Protestants , but as interpreted by themselves ; and so of each other Congregation . Isaac . If you admit our Rule is Scripture as each vnderstands it ; then you must grant that our Doctrin of the Reformation is whateuer Doctrin each Person of sound judgment vnderstands to be of Scripture ; and from this , it appears plainly that my Principle wherat you bogl'd is true ; That , whateuer Doctrin is professed by any of our Congregations , Synods ▪ Parliaments , Drs. or particular Dr. of our Reformation , is to be truly reputed and esteemed the Doctrin of the Reformation ; which Principle being true ; my discourse of yesterday is vndeniable , that you may change religions , as often as you please , and remain still a true Reformed Child . Ismael . But you haue said that not only the Doctrin of each Congregation and Synod , is the Doctrin of the Reformation ; but also whateuer any one particular Doctor teachs ; and this seems to be very absurd . Isaac . It 's not so absurd , as it is true ; I 'l prove by the Principles of our Reformed Church , by the testimonies of our most Learned and Best Drs. and Reformers , and by reason and experience that the Doctrin of any particular Doctor among vs , has as much right to be called and esteemed the Doctrin of the Reformation , as Protestancy , Presbytery or Lutheranism ; for , what is Lutheranism , but the judgment of Luther a particular Dr , against the whole Church of Rome ? what is Calvinism , but what Calvin a particular Dr , judged to be the sense of Scripture against that same Church ? what is Quakery , but honest Naylor's godly and pious sentiments vpon Scripture . It s vndeniably the Principle of our Reformed Church , that our Rule of faith is Scripture as interpreted , not only by Synods or Congregations , but by any Person of sound judgment in the Church . No Congregation or Synod is to vs a Rule of faith : because all are fallible ; but Gods Written Word , as each one vnderstands it ; and if wee do not like the sense of it delivered by any Council Synod or Congregation , wee may safely deny it : therefore our great Calvin a saies and proues with great energy of Scripture and reason , that we are not obliged to the Decisions and Doctrin of any Council Synod or Congregation , if after hauing examined Scripture , we do not find their interpretation and sense of it , is conformable to the Word of God. Let Synods and Congregations say what they will , if any particular Doctor thinks his own privat sense of it to be better , he may stick to it against them all , and be a good true Child of the Reformation ; as Arminius in Holland did withstand the Synods of Dordreet and Delpht ; as Luther and Calvin did against Rome . I will be free , saies our vnparalleld Proto-Apostle Luther , b I wil● not submit my self to the authority of Councils , Church , Drs Vniuersities or Fathers , but will teach and preach whateuer I think to be true . Did ever any Apostle speake with more courage ? and the blessed man acted with no less ; he knew full well the whole Stream of antiquity , Drs , Fathers and Councils were against him , as he confesses himself , and dit not care a rus● for them all : Lay aside , saies he , c ● arms of Orthodox antiquity , of School● of Diuinity , authority of Fathers , Councils , Popes , and consent of ages we receiue nothing but Scripture ; but s● that we must haue the authority of interpreting it . Nor was it only Luther and Calvin spoke thus , but all our first blessed Reformers ; and why ? because our Rule of faith is Scripture , not a interpreted by the Church of England , ( France will not admit it ) nor as interpreted by the Quakers , ( the Anabaptists and Independents will not heare it ) nor as interpreted by Luther ▪ ( Calvin rejects it ) nor as interpreted by Calvin ( Thorndic and Bramhal will not yield to it , ) nor will Stillingfleet stand to their interpretation ; nor others to that of Stillingfleet . Finally our Rule of faith is Scripture , not as interpreted by any , but as each Congregation Synod , particular Dr , or man of sound judgment interprets it ; and consequently what ever Doctrin any man of sound judgment judges to be of Scripture , is to be esteemed the Doctrin of the Reformation ; and you may safely believe it , if you like it , and remain still as truely a Reformed Child , as the proudest Protestant of England . Ismael . Can you prove that our Rule of faith is Scripture as any particular Dr or person of sound judgment vnderstands it ? Isaac . Behold how convincingly ; first wee have heard Luther , quoted but now , say , We receive nothing but Scripture , but so as that we must have the authority for t● interpret it : hear him again ; d Th● Governors and Pastors haver powe t● teach ; but the sheep must give thei● judgment whether they propose the voy● of Christ , e or of strangers . And again : Christ has taken from the Bishops Councils and Pastors the right of judging of Doctrin ; and given it to all Christians i● General ; and the Rule is Scripture ● each one will think fit to interpret i● And consequently to this , wee hav● heard him say aboue , I will be fi● and will not submit to Drs Councils , ● Pastors , but will teach whatever think to be true . Barlow ; f The Apostles have given to each particular t● Right and power of interpreting a● judging by his inward spirit , what i● True ; its needless that either man ● Angel , Pope or Council should instru● you ; the spirit working in the heart , an● Scripture are to each particular person mo● assured interpreters . Bilson Bishop o● Wincester saies the same , g The peopl● must be discerners and judges of wha● is taught . Our Religion has no othe● Rule of faith ( saies our French Reformation by the mouth of Dumoulin , h Drelincourt , and the holy Synod of Charenton ) but the Written Word of God , as interpreted by vs. Lastly saies the Church of England in the 6th . Art. of their 39. We have no other Rule of faith but Scripture as each person of sound judgment in the Church vnderstāds it , and what is proved by it : and again in the Catholic Doctrin of the Church of England pag. 103. which is but an exposition of the 39. Articles . Our Rule of faith is but Scripture as each Person of sound judgment in the Church vnderstands it : Authority is given to the Church and to each person of sound judgment in it , to judge in Controversies of faith ; and this is not the privat judgment of our Church , but also of our Brethren of forreign Countries Ismael . J confess , not only these , but many other Drs abet your discourse , and the General Vogue of our Reformation , is for Scripture as each one vnderstands it ; but alas ! you see well , that wee can never settle any Religion or Church by such a Rule of faith . Isaac . You can never settle any but rhis , That every man may without le● or hinderance believe what he please : and why should not this be a good Religion ? if Scripture as each one vnderstands it be not our Rule of faith ; if we must be constrained to believe Scripture not as wee vnderstand it ; but as it is vnderstood by this or that Congregation ; wh● difference betwixt vs and Papists ▪ They must believe Scripture as interpreted by the Pope , and Council● have ever so much light from God be ever so wise and witty , you mu● depose your own judgment , a● submit to that of the Pope , Counci● and Popish Church : to this pass ● are come also ; wee must believe t● kings supremacie , Episcopacy , F●gurative presence tho perhaps we d● not judge by Scripture it be tr● Doctrin ; wee are constrained by Penal laws , and Acts of Parliament t● believe them , as Papists by the Inquisition ; and why ? because th● Church of England vnderstands b● Scripture , its true ; and if you , repl● you do not interpret Scripture s● you 'l not be heard ; you must submi● and believe against your judgment : and what 's this but plain Popish Tyrany ouer mens consciences ? Did Luther and Calvin forsake the Pope and Councils , for to submit their judgments to any other ? No , but to follow Scripture as each one of them vnderstood it : and tho Luther was a man raysed by God and replenisht with his spirit to repair the ruins of the Church ; yet Calvin did no more submit to him , than Luther did to the Pope ; nor did Zuinglius submit to Calvin , but followed his own sense of Scripture ; nor did Oecolampadius submit to Zuinglius ; but every one searched the Scripture , believed and taught what they thought to be true ; and thus we became a Reformation of Popery : if therefore we will continue a Reformation , and walk by the spirit of our first blessed Reformers ; wee must not be constrained to believe any mans sense of Scripture : we must believe whateuer we think to be true , and have no other Rule of faith but Scripture as each one vnderstands it . Ismael . And what then ? what do you inferr from this discourse ? Isaac . This consequence , that wheras no true Child of the Reformation , be he of what Congregation you will , can justly deny our Rule of faith to be Scripture as any Person of sound judgment interprets it ; it follows vnauoidably that the Doctrin of the Reformation is , Whatever any Person of sound judgment interprets to be the true sense of Scripture , and whatever Luther , Calvin , Beza , or any other of sound judgment in the Reformation , since its first ryse vntill this day , taught to be the true sense of Scripture , is to be called and esteemed the Doctrin of the Reformation , tho to others of this or that Congregation it may seem to be wicked and scandalous Doctrin ▪ And now let me answer to an objection you made against this Principle in our entrance to this discourse : you objected that many Papish Drs and Casuists delivered scandalous and base Doctrins , which the Papists will not admit to be the Doctrin of their Church , tho deliverd by Papish Drs ; and thence you pretended , that the particular sentiments of privat Drs of the Reformation are not to be called the Doctrin of our Church . But be pleased to observe the difference betwixt Popery and our Reformation ; the Rule of faith in Popery is , Scripture as interpreted by the Pope and Council , or their Church ; they will admit no other ; consequently no Doctrin is to be called Popery but what is judged by the Pope and his Church or Council to be the sense of Scripture ; and if any Dr or Universitie holds any sense contrary to theirs ; it is to be called the Doctrin of that particular person , and not the Doctrin of the Popish Church ; because their Rule of faith is not Scripture as interpreted by any Person of sound judgment ; but as interpreted by their Pope and Council . But wheras our Rule of faith in the Reformation , is Scripture as each person of sound judgment interprets it ; whatever Doctrin or sense is said by any man to be of Scripture , is justly to be called the Doctrin of the Reformation : for example , Melancton , a man of sound judgment , great learning , and of an vpright conscience , taught Bigamy to be the Doctrin of scripture ; Beza taught , the Lords supper might be administer'd in any kind of victuals , as well as in bread and wine : Calvin taught , that Christ despaired on the Cross , and suffered the pains of hell after his death : why then , let all the Bishops and Universities of England condemn this Doctrin ; let all the Synods of France and Germany decry it ; the Doctrin will be still of the Reformation ; because its Scripture as interpreted by men of sound judgment . Ismael . The heate of your discourse has tyred you ; and my memorie i● sufficiently loaden with what yo● have said ; let me digest it in my privat retirement , and wee will mee● again . Isaac . Content ; carrie with yo● these three points , which I have proved convincingly : first our Rule of faith is Scripture , not as interpreted by this or that , but by an● man of sound judgment ; secondly i● follows hence that the Doctrin of th● Reformation , must be and ought to be called whatever any man of sound judgment saies is the sense of scripture : thirdly it follows , wee may change Religions as often as wee please . III. DIALOGUE . ISMAEL . I remember well the summary of your last discourse , given me in three points ; and I find the second to be absurd , and repugnant to reason : you 'l neuer perswade it , tho you have pleaded for it with great energy ; what ? if a silly Woman , Cobler , or other tradesman reade Scripture and giue their sense of it , that , forsooth , must be called the Doctrin of the Reformation ? and it shall be lawfull for them to believe it against the Doctrin of the whole Church ? Isaac . Do not limit Gods infinit goodness , by measuring his mercies towards his Creatures with your narrow apprehensions : take notice he saies , he has chosen the weake and contemptible of the world for to confound the strong ones : I confess vnto you Father , that you have hid thes● things from the wise and prudent , and hast revealed them to the little ones . And therefore he choosed poore simple fishermen to be his Apostles : ● know it 's the practise of Papists , and from them your Church of England borrows it , to despise the Ministeri● of Women , tradesmen , and illitera● people in preaching teaching and interpreting Scripture ; but S. Paul tell vs The word of God is not bound that's to say , is not entayl'd on th● learned , rich , or great ones , the Wind bloweth where it listeth : o● Bishops and Ministers would make ● Monopoly of the Word of God , and have themselves to be the only Retailers of it ; for to have som plausible title for to enjoy great Rents and sheare the flock : but wee have seen , as well among the Quakers , a● in other Congregations , filly Women and Tradesmen replenisht with Gods Spirit , preach and expound the great Misteries of our Religion with as much of good success and edification of the Auditory , as any Penny-booke Man in England . Ismael . It seems you approue the Ministerie of Women and silly Tradesmen for preaching and teaching the flock ; and if so , you 'l ouerthrow our Hierarchy of Bishops and Ministers . Isaac . It matters not much for you to know , what I approve or condemn ; but to know what the Doctrin of the Reformation is ; It 's this ; that none can teach , preach , administer Sacraments , or exercise Ecclesiastical functions if he be not in holy Orders , Bishop , Minister or Deacon ; for the Church of England teachs it , and you may believe it if you please . You may also deny it ; and say , any Woman or tradesman has as much power for to preach and administer the Sacraments as the richest Bishop in England : this also is the Doctrin of the Reformation as well as the former , because Quakers ▪ Presbyterians , Brownists ; Anabaptists , &c. believe and teach it , and they are men of as sound judgments , and as good Reformeds as Protestants ; nay the most learned of our Reformers teach and commend the power of Women for to exercise Spiritual functions , and administer the Sacraments : a Saumaise , Peter Martyr , and b Zuinglius expresly defend the Priesthood as well of Women as of Men : and Luther proves it efficaciously ; The first office of a Priest saies he , is to preach , c this is common to all , euen women ; the second is to baptize ; which is also common to women ; the third is to consecrat the bread and wine , and this also is common to all as well as to men and in the absence of a Priest , a woma● may absolve from sins as well as the Pope , because the words of Christ , whateu●● yee shall vntye on earth , shall be vntyed in heauen , were said to all Christians . And when so eminent men ha● not said it , reason and Scripture convinces it ; Reason , because that our Rule of faith being Scripture a● each Person of sound judgment vnderstands it , many women vndoubtedly are of sound judgment , and why should not their interpretation of Scripture pass for the Doctrin of the Reformation , as well as that of our Bishops and Ministers : Scripture , because wee reade the Samaritan Woman was the first who preached the Messias to the Cittie of Sama●ia , and Christ commanded Mary Magdalen to go to preach his Resurrection to his Disciples , and wee know by our Cronicles that our glorious Queen Elizabeth of blessed memory , did not only gouern the state , but was a great Apostoless in Church affaires . Ismael . To what purpose then , have wee Bishops and Ministers , who enjoy so vast reuenews , if any man or woman can preach and administer the Sacraments as well as they . Isaac . You may believe , Bishops and Ministers are very needfull for the service of the Church ; for they being commonly learned witty men , and having Wyves , they come to instruct their wyves so well , that the good women com in a short time to be as learned as their husbands , and as nimble and quick in the Ecclesiastical Ministeries as they , if they were permitted to exercise them ; as som Authors of credit relate vnto vs , that a Gentleman of Constance , writ to his friend in a Village ( about thre● leagues distant from that Cittie , whose inhabitants were for the mos● part of our Lutheran Reformation the good Pastor exhorted his floc● to prepare for Easter Communion and that none should presume t● come to the holy Table , but shoul● first confess and receive absolutio● of his sins : Easter holy dayes bein● come , such a multitude flockt to confession , that the Pastor could not satisfie the devotion of so great a cro● he called his wife to help him , f● to hear Confessions , and give absolutions , in wich Ministerie the goo● Lady did labour with great satisfaction of the Penitents ; but neith● the Pastor nor his virtuous Conso● being able to dispatch so great a multitude , he called his Maide Servant who did work in the holy Minister with as much expedition as her Master . But for all this , the Church o● Scotland , France and all England ( Protestants excepted ) will tell yo● that Bishops and Ministers are no● needfull ; nay that they are very prejudicious to the Reformation and State ; To the Reformation , because this Hierarchy with the Bishops Court , surplices Corner Caps , and other trumperies , puts the flock in mind of Popery , wherof its a perfect resemblance ; and whylst the Papists see our change from them , comes to be almost no more but to substitute new Priests and Bishops in their own place , for to manage more conscienciously the Rents and reuenews which they profanely abused ; and that those Rents and revenews are still in the hands of an Ecclesiastical Hierarchie ; they live in hopes of recovering them som day , when our Bishops and Ministers will come to be as bad ●tewards of them as they were ; and ●hat the flock will be weary of them , ●nd call back the Ancient Possessors : ●ts therefore perhaps the Emissaries ●f the Pope do incessantly blow in ●ur eares ; how ill our Ecclesiastical ●evenews are bestowed , for to main●ain wyves and Children , Pomp and ●anitie of Bishops and Ministers ; no ●ess than in Popery . To the State , they seem to be prejudicious , whera● any but a Bishop or Minister , would think , it would be more advantagiou● to the Common-wealth , that the king should have those Revenews for to maintain his fleet and armie , and eas● thereby the subjects of subsidies an● taxes , than that a handfull of Bishop and Ministers should have them specially when others can preach an● teach as well as they , for nothing , b● the pleasure of being hea●d . Ismael . But do not you see it woul● be a Sacriledge that the king shoul● deprive the Clergy of their Churc● Revenews . Isaac . And do not you know , th● almost all our Congregations do hol● our Clergy to be no true Clergy , b● as meer laymen as you or I ; the admit no Clergy or Episcopal Car●cter ; But Elders chosen by the Co●gregation : and if they be no tr● Clergy , they have no right to th● Church Revenews , and it s no sacr●ledge to deprive them of them . Th● Popish Clergy in Henry the VII time , had visibly a greater right ● them , than ours now have : s● neither the king himself nor any other did doubt of their Right , and now most of our Congregations , do absolutly deny any Right in our Clergy to those Rents ; because they are no Clergy : yet none will be so bold , as to accuse Henry the VIII . of sacriledge , for hauing taken the Church Liuings from them , for to put them to better vse . And why should wee dare say , our king would commit any , for depriving our Clergy of those Rents : believe he can lawfully do it ; or believe he can not , you 'l be still a good Child of the Reformation . Believe what you please . Ismael . This is a ticklish point ; let 's leaue it to the consideration of our wise and prudent Parliament ; and be pleased to answer to my doubt ; how can wee live in peace and tranquillitie in Religion , if our Rule of faith be Scripture as each one vnderstands it : I remember a discourse started in the house of Lords , not many yeares agon , by his Grace the Duke of Buckingam ; he desired to know , what was it to be a Protestant ; wherin did Protestancy properly consist ? the Bishops , who were present looked one vpon an other , and whether , they feared the difficultie of the question , or that for modesty's sake , each expected to hear an other speake first● they stood sylent for a whyle ; at last the yce was broken by one ; others followed ; but hardly any two agreed ; and all that the Duke could gather out of their several answers , was that our Rule of faith , was Scripture as each one vndestood it ; and Protestancy nothing but Scripture as interpreted by the Parliament and Church of England : whervpon he concluded , Wee are these hundred yeares very busy for to settle Religion , and for ought I perceive , wee are as vnsettled now as at the beginning : And truly he had great reason ; for , Religion and faith is nothing else , but that sense of Scripture , which each Person of sound judgment vnderstands ; and as it 's impossible wee should all jump and agree in one sense and meaning of the text , so its impossible wee shall euer be settled and agree in Religion . Isaac . The reason of our vnsettlement hitherto and at present , is the violent efforts , what by persecutions , Acts of Parliaments , and other oppressions ; what by Invectives , intrigues , and cabals of the Church of England , to draw all to be Protestants ; of the Presbyterians , to make vs deny Episcopacy ; and of each other Congregation , to force vs to their respective Tenets : and whylst this constraint and severity is vsed against mens consciences , it s in vain to expect peace or settlement in our Reformed Church : but let vs follow our Rule of faith ; let cach one believe as in his conscience he best vnderstands Scripture ; let vs all believe what wee please , and be permitted so to do ; and wee shall without doubt enjoy perfect peace and Tranquillity : believe you Figurative Presence , if you will ; let the Lutheran believe his Real Presence , if he likes it ; and let me believe no Presence at all , if I judge ther 's none ; why will not you permit me to follow that Rule of faith which the whole Reformation , euen the Church of England gives me in her 39. Articles , Scripture as each Person of sound judgment vnderstands it . To say , wee can neuer have settlement in Religion , whylst this arbitrary interpretation of Scripture is permitted , is to speake like a Papist : this the Pope and Papists said to our first blessed Reformers ; and the Popish Church saies this day to vs ; that wee ought to submit our judgments to the Church and Councils ; that wee ought not to believe what sense wee think to be true , but what the Pope and Councils propose vnto vs ; and if Luther and our other Reformers did not do ill , in follwing their own sense and interpretation of Scripture against all the world , why do you blame me or any other for following their example ? Ismael . When you speake of our Reformation and Congregations , I heare you reckon the Arians , Socinians , and Antitrinitarians among them ; sure you do not belieue they , or such like ancient condemned hereticks , were of the Reformation ; for wee Protestants do believe the Mystery of the Trinity against them , and will never own them to be our Brethren . Isaac . And , do not you believe Episcopacy against the Presbyterians ; som Canonical Books against the Lutherans ; Supremacy against the Quakers , and Infants Baptism against the Anabaptists ; and yet you own them as your Brethren and godly Congregations of the Reformation ; or if you will deny them , they will also scorn you , and say they are more of the Reformation than you are ; and why will not you own the Arians , &c. as your Brethren tho you believe the Trinitie against them ? you say they are old condemn'd Heretiks : and does this language becom a Child of the Reformed Church ? by whom were they condemn'd ? was it not by the Popish Church , which also condemns vs , and saies wee are as much Hereticks as they ; and as wee ought not to be so called , and judge the Pope and Councils sentence against vs to be bold , vncharitable , and injust ; so wee must say of the Arians , Pelagians and others condemn'd by them . You saie Protestants will never own them to be their Brethren ; God forbid the Protestant Church should be so vncharitable to their fellow Christians , and so injust to themselves . B. Morton , ) as I cited in my first Dialogue ) as learned a man a● the Church of England bred , saies the Arian Church is a true Church , and will say no less of the others : but what need wee the testimonie of any , for what reason so convincingly proves ; They who walk by one and the same Rule of faith , are of one and the same Religion , therefore Lutherans , Protestants , Presbyterians and Independents do esteem themselves to be of the same faith and Religion , because they all have the same Rule , which is Scripture ● each Congregation vnderstands it also notwithstanding the difference and varietie of Congregations in Popery ; they hold all but one faith as they say ; because they have al● but one Rule of their beliefe , whic● is their infallible Pope and Church but it 's evident that those which yo● call , Ancient condemned Hereticks , have one and the same Rule of faith with our Reformation ; for ours is Scripture as each Person of sound judgment vnderstands it ; without any obligation of holding the sense of it delivered by Pope , Church , Councils or any other ; therefore our first blessed Reformers did not care what sense of it , the Church or Pope did hold when they began to preach the purity of the Ghospel ; but each of them interpreted it as he thought fit in the Lord , and so purged the Church of many Errors : This is the very self same Rule of faith , which Arians , Pelagians , Nestorians , and others , peremptorily condemned by Rome as Hereticks , did follow and walk by : each of them read and interpreted Scripture , preached and believed what sense of it they tought to be true , tho they knew it was against the Doctrin of the Church , looking on Scripture alone as their Rule of faith , without any regard of the Pope , Church , Councils , or Fathers : The Church of Rome proud and impatient of any opposition , condemned them as Hereticks for not submitting their judgments to her ; for takeing Scripture as they vnderstood it , and not as the Church and Councils vnderstood it , for their Rule of faith ; and if this be a crime , wee are as guiltie as they ; wee are equally nocent or innocent ; wee are both Hereticks , or none is ; wee are therefore concern'd in their honor and ought to defend the integrity of their procedure against the Common enemy which is the Pope● they were Reformers of the Church in their times , as wee are in ours and wheras thy have the same Rul● of faith ; so they have the same Religion with the Reformation . Ismael . Then , you will say Ari●nism is the Doctrin of the Reform●tion , and wee may lawfully believe i● Isaac . I say God's Unitie in Nature and Trinity in Persons is th● Doctrin of the Reformation , becaus● the Protestant , Lutheran , and H●gonot Church , judge by Scripture i● is true ; and if you judge also b● Scripture it s the true Doctrin , yo● may believe it : I say also if yo● judge by Scripture this Mystery is not true , you may safely deny it according the Principles of the Reformation , and be still as good a member of the Reformed Church , as they who believe it ; for whoeuer believes what he judges by Scripture to be true , is a true Reformed : and , that the denyal of the Trinitie is as much the Doctrin of the Reformation as the belief of it ; it appears not only because it was the Doctrin of the Arians , who as I proved are truly of the Reformed Church ; but because it was taught by the greatest Ligths of our Church : d Calvin saies the text , My Father is greater than I , must be vnderstood of Christ , not only as he is Man , but also as he is God. And that the Council of Nice did abuse the text : e My Father and I are one , for to prove the Vnity of both in Nature ; wheras it only signifies their Vnity by conformity of Will. Again he saies Epist . 2. ad Polon . in tract . Theol. pag. 796. That prayer , Holy Trinity one God have mercy of vs , is barbarous , and does not please me . And ads f The son has his own substance distinct from the Father . His Disciple Danaeus g saies , it s a foolish insipid prayer : and our great Apostle Luther ( who as Fox witnesseth , was the Chariot and conductor of Israel , and a man extraordinarily raised and replenisht with Gods spirit , to teach the purity of the Ghospel ) caused that prayer to be blotted out of the Litanies . h That word Trinity , saies he , sounds coldly ; my soule hates that word Homousion , and the Arian did well in not admitting it . Lastly Ochinus that great Oracle of England impugns this Mysterie with a strong discourse : i Wee are not obliged to believe , saies he , more than the Saints of the Ancient Testament , otherwise our condition would be worse than theirs ; but they were not obliged to believe this Mystery ; therefore we are not obliged . Examin I pray the works of these eminent Drs. where I quote them ; consider if they be not , not only men of sound judgment , but men extraordinarily raised by God , ( saies the Synod of Charenton ; the chariots and conductors of Israel , saies Fox : men to be reverenc'd after Christ , saies our Dr Powel , and Apostolical Oracles sent to teach vs the purity of the Ghospell ; and conclude , it s an vndeniable Veritie that this is the Doctrin of the Reformation , wheras it's Scripture as interpreted by such men : O! but England France and Scotland believes this Mysterie ; well ? and what then ? that proves that the Mysterie is also the Doctrin of the Reformation , because whateuer any Man of sound judgment thinks to be Scripture , is its Doctrin ; but is England or France alone the whole Reformation ? are not Luther , Caluin , Danaeus , Ochinus as well of the Reformation ; and men of as sound judgment as they ? since therefore they vnderstand by Scripture ther 's no Trinitie , it s the Doctrin of the Reformation also that ther 's none : believe it or deny it , which you like best , and you 'l be still of the Reformed Church . Ismael . By the Principle you run vpon , you may say any blasphemy is the Doctrin of the Reformation ; for ther 's hardly any so execrable , but som Dr of ours has delivered and taught it . Isaac . The Principle I run vpon is this , Scripture as each Person of sound judgment interprets it , is our Rule of faith : judge you , if that be not a good Principle in our Reformed Church ; wheras this is the Rule of faith given vs by the 39. Articles and generally by all our Drs as I proved in my first Dialogue : this being our Rule of faith and Reformed Doctrin , its evident , that whatever Doctrin is judged by any Person of sound judgment to be contained in Scripture , is the Doctrin of our Reformation : som Persons of sound judgement say the Real Presence is expressed by Scripture ; this therefore is the Doctrin of the Reformation ; others say , only Figurative Presence is taught in Scripture ; this also is the Doctrin of the Reformation ; som vnderstand by Scripture , there is a Mysterie of the blessed Trinitie ; this therefore is the Doctrin of the Reformation ; others vnderstand ther 's no such Mysterie ; this also is the Doctrin of the Reformation : so that whether you believe or deny this or any other Tenet controverted , you 'l still hold the Doctrin of the Reformation . Ismael . Calvin k saies Christ prai'd vnaduisedly , the Eve of his Passion ; that he vttered words wherof he was afterward sorry , that in his passion he was so troubled of all sides , that ouerwhelm'd with desperation , he desisted from invoking God , which was to renunce all hopes of salvation : And saies he , l if you object us absurd and scandalous to affirm Christ despaired , I answer , this desperation proceeded from him as he was man , not as he was God. And this is not only the Doctrin of Calvin , but of Brentius , m Marlotus , n Jacobus Minister ( quoted by Bilson ) and of Beza ▪ will you say this is the Doctrin of the Reformation , or that wee can without scruple believe it ? Also Calvin saies , o That Ch●ist's corporal death was not sufficient for to redeem vs , but that after hauing despaired on the Cross , he suffered the death of his soule ; that 's to say , that his soule after his corporal death , suffered the pains of the damn'd in hell . And saies he in the same place , they are but ignorant doltish brutish men , who will deny it . Luther also teachs the same Doctrin : p As he suffered with exceeding pains the death of the Body , so it seems he suffered afterward the death of his soule in hell : Epinus q a learned Lutheran saies , Christ descended into hell for thee , and suffered not only corporal death , but the death and fire of hell . Mr. Fulk and Parkins avow this is also the express Doctrin of Illiricus , Latimer and Lossius . Also Lurher r most impiously affirms , that not only the human nature of Christ dyed for vs , but also his Divin nature : see Luther's words quoted at large by Zuinglius , ſ and Hospinian : t If you say such scandalous blasphemies may be safely believed , you will render you● Christianitie suspected ; and if yo● say , that they are the Doctrin of th● Reformation , or that they may be believed according the Principles ● the Reformation ; you will make th● Reformation and its Principles t● be hated by any good Christian . Isaac . If I walk by the Rule o● faith of the Reformation , I 'l prove my self a true Reformed Child ; and if I prove my self to be a Reformed Child , my Christianity cannot be justly suspected . What Tenet have you related of all those which you call blasphemies and scandals ▪ but has been judged by those Eminent Drs. of our Reformation to be express Scripture , or conformable to Scripture ; and since our Rule of faith is Scripture as each person of sound judgment vnderstands it , and since the Doctrin of our Reformation is but whatever any such Person of sound judgment , judges to be expressed in , or proved by Scripture ; its evident that all those Tenets are vndeniably the Doctrin of the Reformation : I say then , and will say without any offence to my Christianity , or blemish to our Reformed Church ; that those Tenets are the Doctrin of the Reformation and may be as safely believed by any Child of it , as Figurative Presence , supremacy , or Two Sacraments : and let not any Bigot pretend to freghten me from this Doctrin by calling it blasphemy and impiety ; No , its Scripture as interpreted by our renowned Reformed Doctors ; therefore it s no blasphemy : let any man convince me , that our Rule of faith must not be Scripture as each Person of sound judgment vnderstands it ; and he will convince that this cannot be justly called the Doctrin of the Reformation ; but whylst that Principle and Rule of faith stands vnshaken , nothing that is taught by any Person of sound judgment to be the Doctrin of Scripture , but is to be called our Doctrin , and may be safely believed . You say that whoeuer has any loue for Christianity , will hate the Reformation and its Principles , if they give libertie for to believe such blasphemies : but , can any mother be more indulgent to her Child than the Reformation is to vs ? such as think those Tenets to be blasphemies , the Reformation gives them leave not to believe them ; and if any judges by Scripture , that they are not blasphemies but pure Doctrin ; as Luther , Calvin and others did , they have liberty for to believe them . He who denyes them , cannot in charity check them who believe them ; nor can they who believe them , check those who deny them , wheras each follow our Rule of faith , and believe what they judge by Scripture to be true . And if you or your Church of England cry out Blasphemy , Blasphemy , against all that you judge to be fals ; why do not you cry blasphemie against Presbyterians , Lutherans and other Congregations from whom you dissent ? and what difference betwixt you and the Church of Rome ? the folly of this is to call Heresy and blasphemy all that is not her own Doctrin : and all that your Church of England mystikes , must be fanaticism , blasphemy , and impiety ? must our Rule of faith be Scripture as the Church of England vnderstands it , and not otherwise ? Presbyterians and Lutherans will neuer allow it : if therefore our Rule of faith be Scripture as each Person vnderstands it ; any Person of sound judgment in the Reformation , may without scrupule believe what he vnderstands to be the Doctrine of Scripture . IV. DIALOGUE . ISMAEL . You still insist vpon that Principle that our Rule of faith , is Scripture as each Person of sound judgment vnderstands it ; and from that Principle will follow many absurd consequences destructive of piety and Religion . Isaac . That Principle is not invented by me ; it s of our holy Reformation ; if J did discourse with a Papist J would prove the Principle to be true and Gods express Word ; but since J discourse with a Reformed Child , J suppose , and not spend my time in proving it : this Principle then , being an vnquestionable truth in our Reformation , no Reformed Child must be so irreverent and bold as to say , that any Doctrin which cleerly and vnauoidably follows out of it , is blasphemous or impious , for that would be to condemn our Principle by which we walk : Ex vero non sequitur nisi verum : from a true Principle nothing can follow but true Doctrin : can you deny , but this was the Rule of faith and Principle of our first blessed Reformers , and of the Church of England mentioned in her 39. Articles ? if therefore they judged , and if any other judges by that Rule and Principle , that those Tenets which you call impious and blasphemous be true Doctrin ; they cannot be blamed for believing them . Ismael . I confess our first Reformers did speake so , but J say such Errors and impious Doctrins cannot without irreverence be called the Doctrin of the Reformation and cannot without impiety be belieued ; because our Reformation , at present condemns and detests those blasphemies , for we must grant , that our Reformation in its beginning was not in its full perfection of Doctrin ; God began it by Luther , Caluin , Zuinglius and others : those great men ha their fraylties ; they did ouerlash in som things ; and what they said amiss , Gods heavenly spirit inspired to the Church from time to time to correct it , and has at length brought our Church to that purity of Doctrin , and fullness of perfection which now it enjoyes : Nothing is to be called now the Doctrin of the Reformation , but what is now believed by our Congregations , and none of them believes those execrable Tenets you related . Isaac . you wrong the Reformation very much , in saying it had not its full perfection in the beginning , it s rather to be thought , that that polishing and refining of it in ensuing years with new perfections , and correcting the first draught of it by our first Reformers , has been a corruption of it with som mixture o● Popish errors and superstitions : for all religious Congregations , and Pretenders to piety , are at the first beginning in the height of their perfection , and in progress of years they decline and decay from their primitive Spirit into errors and corruption of manners : Religious Congregations are not like Arts and Sciences , wihich by tyme and experience receive new perfefections ; but like chimnies , which grow dayly blacker by continual smoke and fire : witness the Jewish Church and law , in its beginning , florishing and holy , but corrupted in progress of time by Traditions of men and superstitions of Pharisees : witness also the law of the Ghospell in those happy tymes of the Apostles , holy and pure , but corrupted after som years by errors of Popery : Jf wee be to seek for the pure and Orthodox Doctrin of the primitive Church ; ought not we to be said by the Apostles , men raised extraordinaryly by God and replenisht with his Spirit to teach vs the Ghospell ? and if wee be to seek for the pure and Orthodox Doctrin of the Reformation , ought not wee to be said rather by Luther , Calvin , Melancton , Zuinglius , Beza and our other first Reformers , than by a few Ministers and Bishops of England , who , tho they be wise and pious men , yet they are not of that stamp as the others . And if our present Congregations presume to correct them , and say they ouerlasht in their Doctrin ; will not the Papists say ; if they have been such scandalous Masters and fals teachers , why did you receive their Reformation , and as they erred so grosly in such prime articles of Christianity , why do not you feare and suspect , they have also erred in the rest ? secondly the Papists will say , if as they reformed vs , you reform them ; then you must expect and permit that others may reform you ; and forsake your Doctrin , as you forsake theirs . Ismael . I wish you could make out , that the Reformation was in its full perfection in its beginning ; had you read som Writers of ours ; perhaps you would judge otherwise ; a Musculus , a learned Lutheran writes thus , Thus it is with vs at present , that if any be desirous to see a great rabble of knaues turbulent Spirits , deceitfull persons , Coseners and debauch men , let him go to a Ci●ty where the Ghospel is purely preached , and he shall find them by multitudes ; for its more manifest than the day light , that never were there more vnbridled and vnruly people among the turks and other infidels than the Professors of the Reformed Ghospel . b Luther himself saies as much ; The world grows dayly worse , and men are now more covetous , revengefull , and lycentious than they were in Popery . Mr. Stubs c sayes no less : After my travells round about all England , I found the people in most parts proud , malicious , ambitious and careless of good works : Mr Richard Geferie in his Sermon at St. Pauls Cross printed in : 1604. I may freely speake what I have plainly seen , that in Flanders ●ever was there more drunkness , in Italy more wantonnes● , in lury more hypocrisy , in Turkie more impiety ; in Tartary more iniquity , than is practis'd generally in England , and particularly in London . Certainly our Reformation at present deserues a better caracter ; never did the Alehouses and Taverns complain more heauily of want of trading ; which is a proof of our Sobriety : the Churches which we see a building in London , is a good testimony of piety ; and we are so farr from any smack of hypocrisy , that you shall not see in all London the least appearance of Virtue so hiddenly its kept from mortal Eyes , but what you may meet in our honests Quakers . Isaac . I confess our Congregations as now they are , are very good both in Doctrin and manners ; but I say also , that the Doctrin and manners of our Reformation at its first beginning was as pure , as holy , and as true as now it is , or ever it will be . Nay supposing and granted , their manners and Doctrin were so corrupt as those Drs. mention ; I say that amidst all those vices , their life was as holy , innocent , blamless and pure as yours is now : and that you may be convinc't of this truth , know that Calvin expressy teachs : d Wee belieue , the sins of the faithfull ( he means of the Reformation ) are but venial sins ; not but that they deserve death , but because there is no damnation for the Children of Grace , in as much as their sins are not imputed to them ; And again e he saies , Wee can assure ourselves , wee can no more be damn'd for any sins , than Iesus-Christ himself . Luther f is of the same opinion , As nothing but faith doth justifiy vs , so nothing but incredulity is a sin . Again g No sin is so great that it can condemn a man ; such as are , damn'd are damn'd only for their incredulitie : Whitaker , h No sin can hurt a man who has faith . The same is taught by Wotten , Fulk , Tindal , and Beza . It s therefore the Doctrin of Scripture , as interpreted by these Persons of great and sound judgment , that incests , murthers , intemperance or whateuer else you call a sin ( incredulitie excepted ) either is no sin at all , or but venial sins , which do no harm , nor cannot damn the children of the Reformation ; if therefore our Brethren lived in the beginning of the Reformation , as those authors relate ; they liued according Scripture as interpreted to them by men of sound judgment , and this being our Rule of faith and manners , they did not ill but very well in following it . Ismael . They were men of the Reformation , its true , who taught these errors , and dissolution of life and good manners ; in so much they swerued from the spirit holyness and purity of the Reformation , and must not be believed nor commended : looke vpon the Reformation as now it is , and you will not find any such scandalous Doctrin or corruption of manners . Isaac . They were not only men of the Reformation ; but the greatest Oracles of it , which you will not match with any of our present congregations ; and it s not pardonable in any Reformed Child to say , such Oracles extrordinarily raised by God to teach the purity of the Ghospel , should have taught either Errors in Doctrin , or dissolution of manners : they taught what in their conscience they vnderstood by Scripture to be true ; if you will not be so irreverent as to say that they were knaves , Who spoke and taught against their conscience and kno●ledge . Therefore they taught the Doctrin of the Reformation purely and truly : the consequence is euident● for , what is the Doctrin of the Reformation , but what wise learned men of sound judgment think and vnderstand by Scripture to be true ? why is figuratiue Presence the Doctrin of the Reformation , tho denied by Lutherans , ( who are Reformed also ) but because wise learned men judge by Scripture as they vnderstand it , it s the true Doctrin ? or can you give me any other Rule of faith , by which wee may know what Doctrin is of the Reformation , and what not , but Scripture as each Person of sound judgment vnderstands it ? or what Rule can you give for to know what is good or euil to be don , but Scripture as vnderstood b● such Persons : if therefore Luther , Calvin and the other Drs. J quoted judge by Scripture that Doctrin , and manner of life to be true and good ; why may not wee say its the Doctrin of the Reformation : if you or the Church of England , or Scotland judge that Doctrin to be false , and that manner of life to be a dissolution and corruption of manners : why ; you are men of sound judgment , you vnderstand Scripture so ; that will be the Doctrin also of the Reformation , you may believe it : but you must not deny that Luther and Calvins Doctrin also is of the Reformation , because they were men of as sound a judgmen as you . You transgress haynously against modestie in saying those sacred Organs of God swerued from the spirit and holyness of the Reformation ; which hauing no other Rule of faith but Scripture as each Person of sound judgment vnderstands it ; it 's Spirit and holyness consist in framing our life and Doctrin to that Rule , as our blessed Reformers and Reformation in its beginning did ; believing those Tenets , which you call Errors and blasphemy ; and liuing that life which you call Dissolution and corruption of Manners ; because they judge by Scripture , as they vnderstood it , that Doctrin and manner of life was true , innocent and good ; and if you like it as they did , you may believe , and liue as they did , and be a good Child of the Reformation : consider I pray all the works and Doctrin of Luther , ( the like I say of our other first Reformers ) the three parts of his Doctrin is against Popery , and They say , all are Heresies and blasphemies ; the rest is contrary to the Church of England , and she saies , this is also Errors and blasphamie , so you conspire with the Papists to destroy the credit of our first and best Reformer ; and betwixt you both , you vnplume him of all his Feathers , and leaue him not a bit of good Doctrin . But I will stand to the Spirit , and Principles of the Reformation and Congregations as now they are , since that you do so much boast of its purity and great Perfections ; and I will prove that Doctrin , and manner of life , may be believed and followed lawfully standing to its Principles : for if the Spirit of the Reformation be at present among vs , wee must not be forced , as in Popery to believe against our proper judgments , what others believe by Scripture to be ttue and holy ; but what each one thinks in his own conscience to be such ; because even now at present , our Rule of faith , is Scripture as each person of sound judgment vnderstands it , and this is the same Rule which Luther and the Reformation in its beginning had : this holy libertie is the best iewel , the greatest perfection , and most glorious prerogative the Reformation has : if therefore now at present any man judges by scripture , that he can marry ten wyves at a time ; that he can kill his owne son as Abraham intended ; that he may commit incest with his own Daughter , as Lot did ; that there is no sin but incredulity , as Luther believed ; nor any Mysterie of the Trinitie of Persons in one nature , as Calvin believed : with what justice can the Church of England say a man does not believe and live as becometh a Reformed Child , or that his Doctrin and life is scandalous ? wheras he lives and believes as he vnderstands by Scripture he may or ought to do , which is the Rule of faith of the Reformation , even of the Church of England ? the Church of England saies , the Lutheran Doctrin of the real Presence , is not the Doctrin of Scripture ; that the Presbyterian Doctrin against Episcopacy , is not the Doctrin of Scripture ; that the Anabaptist Doctrin against infants Baptism , is not of Scripture ; and yet you permit them all to live in peace ; you confess they are true Children of the Reformation , tho dissenters from you ; why ? because they follow Scripture as they vnderstand it , and this is our Rule of faith : and why will not you say , the belief and life of that other man is also of the Reformation , tho absurd it may seem to you ; since he believes and lives as he judges by Scripture he may : it follows therefore plainly that this is the Doctrin of the Reformation . Ismael . I confess our Rule of faith in the Reformation , is Scripture as each person of sound judgment vnderstands it : but you cannot doubt but that its needfull to moderat and curb this libertie , or it may run too farr : for if every man be lycenc't to believe and teach every thing he fancies to be according Scripture ; as there is no Doctrin so execrable but som ignorant Reader may hit vpon a text , which , ill vnderstood , may seem to favor it ; so there will be none but may be believed , and called the Doctrin of the Reformation : for example Beza i teaches , ( and saies its also the Doctrin of Calvin , Saumaize and Geneve , ) that the Lords supper may belawfully administer'd in any kind of victuals as well as in bread , and wine ; in Eges , flesh , fish , &c. Where there is no bread and wine , saies he , wee may duly celebrat , if insteed of them , we vse , what wee vsually eate and drink . And again in the same place ; If there be no water at hand , and that baptism ' cannot be with edification differed I would baptize in any other liquor : Isaac . and why should not it be lawfull to any Reformed to believe this , wheras its Scripture as interpreted by a man of so sound a judgment ? but I do not in any wise like that opinion of yours and of the Church of England , that its convenient to limit and curb mens judgments least they may run too farr : this is the Policy of Rome ; They will not permit an arbitrary interpretation of Scripture , alleadging forsooth , for inconveniencie , the multitude of absurd Doctrins which the word would swarm with , if such a libertie were granted : No , No ▪ far be it from any true Reformed Child to mislike or blame that all people should interpret Scripture , and believe what they judge by it to be true : and if what the judge to be true , should seem to you fals and scandalous ; do not you believe it , but let them believe it , and they will be of the Reformation , because they follow our Rule of faith . Ismael . k Luther , l Melancton , m Musculus , n Ochinus , o Beza and others teach the lawfullness of Bigamy or multiplicity of Wives , and prove it with the example of Abraham , Isaac and Jacob : and Ochinus expounding the text of S. Paul ; It behoueth a Bishop to be a man of one Wife : The prohibition saies he , is not to be vnderstood so , that a Bishop should have but one wife at a time for certainly he may have many , but S. Paul's meaning is , that he ought not to have too many wyves at a time ; that 's to say ten or twentie . Isaac . And will you deny this to be the Doctrin of the Reformation , wheras its Scripture as interpreted by men of so eminent and sound a judgment ? Ismael . The synod of Geneve ; p and the q Ecclesiastical Disciplin of France printed at Saumure , has decreed , that a wife whose husband is a long time absent , may have him called by the public Cryer , and if within a competent time he does not appear , without any further enquiry , the Minister may lycence her to marry an other , or marry her himself . Isaac . J say , all honest Women may practise this Doctrin without scruple or shame , wheras its Scripture as interpreted by that thrice holy synod : but let seamen beware how they undertake long voyages , for feare their Wyves may take other husbands in their absence . Ismael . Luther r teachs its lawfull to a wife , if her husband does not please her , to call her Man servant , or her neighbour ; which Doctrin they say is come to the eares of our London Sisters ; and he gives the like libertie to the husbands , if their Wyves be pettish and humorsom . If the husband saies he , cannot correct the humorsomness of his wife , he may imagin she is dead , and may marry an other because it s not in the pow●r of a Man to live without a Woman , nor in hers to live without a man. Isaac . This is Scripture as interpreted by Luther , and consequently must not be denied to be the Doctrin of the Reformation ; nor can any of our Reformation be justly punisht or blam'd for practising it , if he judges by Scripture it be true , ( as Luther did ) for this is our Rule of faith . But Luther never gave this libertie , but vpon condition , that the husband or wife should first make their complaint before a Magistrat , for to have a redress of their injurie and discontent : but this condition seems too combersom to the modestie of our sisters ; they do no● submit to it , but do themselves justice without any address to the Magistrat . ſ I know also that not only Luther , but Bucer , t Melancton , u Ochinus , x Musculus and Calvin● do tea●h that a Man who finds his wife in Adulterie , may cast her of by Divorce and marry an other ; and our french synods have ordered thi● Doctrin to be put in their Ecclesiastical Disciplin , so that its the Doctrin of Scripture as interpreted by these Persons of sound judgment , and consequently of the Reformation : you may therefore believe and practise it ; y our Sisters , particularly our Ministers wyves , were much alarm'd at this Doctrin , and say its à damnable Heresy : believe as you please . Ismael . z Does not Luther say it● impossible a yong man of 20 years can liue without a woman ; or a yong maide of 18 years , without a man● whereby all Parents may believe their Daughters of that age are defiled , if not preferr'd in due time : sure you will not say this is the Doctrin of the Reformation . Isaac . And who doubts but tha● its the Reformed Doctrin ; Scripture as interpreted by so sound a judgment : the contrary Doctrin is also of the Reformation , and you may believe it because our glorious Queen Elizabeth dyed a Virgin ; and it s credibly reported som few fellows of Oxford and Cambridge liue continently . Ismael . But what do you think of a Child Christen'd in Popery by a Monk or a Fryar , ought he to be Christen'd again in our Reformation ? and what if a Popish Priest or Fryar did becom of our Reformed Church , can he lawfully marry , wheras he made a vow of Chastity ? Isaac . As to the first Quere , it s the Doctrin of the Reformation declared by many french Synods and recorded in their Ecclesiastical Disciplin , that he must be Christen'd again , because the first baptism was Null : it s also the Doctrin of the Reformation declared by the Church of England and many Synods of France , that the first Baptism is sufficient and valid : believe which you please . It 's also the Doctrin of the Reformation , that Infants baptism is not at all needfull ( nay nor Lawfull say the Anabaptists ) so saies Calvin a Zuinglius , Beza and many others , it s likewise the Doctrin of our 39. Articles b ; and our holy Synod of London c that Infants baptism is lawfull and needfull . Believe which you like best ; both are of the Reformation . As to the second Quere , it s the Doctrin of the Reformation that Priests and Fryars are obliged to the vow of Chastity which they made in Popery , and cannot marry ; this is the Doctrin of many of our Brethren and particularly of d Hooker , e Marloratus , Budellus and f Couel ; who say the Papish vows of Pouertie , Obedience and Chastitie are commendable and ought to be kept . You may also believe this is wicked Doctrin , and that they may take wyues notwithstanding their vow of Chastitie , as well as Benefices notwithstanding their vow of Pouertie : believe which you please ; both Doctrins are of the Reformation ; but the best is to say they can marry ; for if marriage and benefices were denied them , no Priest or Fryar would euer embrace our Reformed Doctrin : We know our great Zuinglius himself would not at all preach the Ghospell vnto the Suitzers , vntill that he presented a petition for himself and his companions , ( all Priests and Fryars ) extant yet in his 1. Tom. pag. 110. and obtained the contents of it , which was to have Wyves ; Nor can wee doubt this to be the best Doctrin , wheras Luther , Beza and almost all our other Reformers , were Priests and Fryars , and the first step they gaue in the Reformation was to Marry : the Papists and som weake Brethren were much scandalized at Luthers marriage , and Erasmus his rallerie vpon it was much solemnised , Luther yesterday a Monk , to day a husband , and next day à Father , because that honest Cate Boren , his virtuous Bride , was hapily delivred of a louey Boy eight daies after he married her : but the Servant of God did not regret the action , which proues that he judged by scripture it was very lawfull . V. DIALOGUE . ISMAEL . You know I have been born and bred in our holy Reformation , and a Church of England man ; you tell me I may believe this or that , and whateuer I please ; I would gladly settle once for ever , and resolve what J may , and ought to believe , and not to be euery day carried away with euery wind of Doctrin : let me , to that purpose propose vnto you , and hear your resolution of som doubts . What do you think , have not wee a Church on earth establisht by Christ , wherin wee are to live and serve him , and believe her Doctrin ? Isaac . J will giue you no other instruction nor answer but the pure Doctrin of the Reformation ; which when you have heard , you may determin as you like best , what religion to embrace ; but know this , that after you have determin'd with yourself to believe this or that ; you may with a very safe conscience alter that resolution next day after , and believe the quite contrary to what you resolved to believe , if vpon better consideration you thinke the contrary to be true ; this is the libertie of the holy Reformation as J proued in my first Dialogue . As to your present doubt J answer , it s the Doctrine of the Reformation , that it was Jesus Christ the son of God who establisht the Church ; you may believe it therefore : It 's also the Doctrin of the Reformation , that it was not Jesus Christ the son of God who establisht the Church : that this is the Doctrin of our Reformation its apparent ; for its Scripture as interpreted by Ochinus a man of sound judgment , whom all Italy could not match , saies Calvin ; in whose presence England was happy , and vnhappy in his absence , saies B Bale : Ochinus speakes thus , a Considering how the Church was establisht by Christ and washt with his blood ; and considering again how it was vtter●y ouerthrowen by Papacy ; I concluded that he who establisht it , could not be Christ the son of God , because he wanted prouidence ; and vpon this reflexion he renounced Christ and became a Jew : And no man can say but that he acted and behaued himself like a true Child of the Reformation in so doing ; for he followed scripture as he vnderstood it ; and as he was a true Reformed Child in forsaking Popery , because he vnderstood by Scripture , that the Reformation was better ; so since he vnderstood by reading Scripture more , that Judaism was better than the Reformation , he acted like a good Reformed , in chosing that which he vnderstood by Scripture to be the best : this is the Reformations Rule of faith : do you , if you please , as he did , and you 'l be as good a Reformed as he . And if you choose to believe that there is a Church establisht on earth by Christ , you must beware never to believe or perswade yourself that wee are bound to believe her Docctrin , or live in her , if you do not judge by scripture that she teachs the Doctrin of Christ : This is the most essential point of Popery ; An obligation of submitting our judgments to the Church , and believing her Doctrin without any more examin ; and in this the Church of England is much like the Popish Church , which by acts of Parliaments and other severities , would oblige all men to believe her Doctrin Rites and Ceremonies : No , God has given vs scripture for our Rule of faith ; as wee forsook the Popish Church , because wee discouered by Scripture her many Errors in Doctrin ; so wee are not bound to believe the Doctrin of any other Church , but as wee find by scripture her Doctrin is true . Do , and speake as Luther to . 1. Edit . Jen. in Resolut . I will be free , and will not submit to the authority of Councils , Popes Church or vniversity ; to the contrary I will confidently teach whatever I judge to be true ; whether it be Catholic Doctrin or hereticall ; condemned or approued . Ismael . Must I not believe that the Doctrin of Jesus Christ , delivered to his Apostles and the Church is true Doctrin ? Isaac . The Reformation teaches it is , and you may safely believe it : You may as safely believe it is not , in the Principles of the Reformation ; because it teaches that Christ err'd in Doctrin and manners : Vere Pharisaei e●ant viri valde boni , saies Luther ; b & Christus minime debuit eos taxare : and Calvin saies , it s a folly to think he was not ignoran● in many things ; c lastly David Georgius d ( a Man of God and of a holy life saies Osiander ) writes . If the Doctrin of Christ and his Apostles had been true and perfect ; the Church which they planted had continued , but now it is manifest that Antichrist has subverted it , as it 's manifest in Papacy ; therefore it was false and impe●fect . See these words quoted in the historie of David George printed by the Divins of Basile , at Antwerp an . 1568. both Doctrins are Scripture as interpreted by men of sound judgment ; a Child of the Reformation , may believe which he will. Ismael . Is it not the Doctrin of the Reformation that the Apostles were infallible in their Doctrin ! much more must wee believe that Jesus Christ was so . Isaac . Yes it is ; you may believe it : and it s also the Doctrin of the Reformation that they were not infallible , neither in their written or vnwritten Doctrin ; so , many of our most renowned Drs speake ; and whatever any men of sound judgment judge to be true by scripture , is the Doctrin of the Reformation : Zuinglius , e one of the greatest Oracles of our Church saies ; It 's a great ignorance to believe any infallible authority in the Ghospels or Epistles of the Apostles ; Beza not inferiour to Zuinglius , blotted out of S. John the historie of the Woman Adulteress ▪ judging it a fable . Clebitius f affirms , that Luk's relation of Christ's passion is not true , because it does not agree with that of Mathew and Mark , and more credit is to be given to two , than to one . g Calvin saies , Peter consented to , and added to the schism of the Church , to the ouerthrow of Christian liberty , and Christ's Grace . h Whitaker sais , It 's evident that after the Descent of the Holy G. the whole Church , even the Apostles , erred ; and Peter erred in Doctrin and Manners i Luther saies Peter liued and taught extra Verbum Dei ; and Brentius k his disciple saies , that Peter and Barnabas , togither with the Church of Ierusalem erred after receiving the H. Ghost . If our Rule of faith be Scripture as each Person of sound judgment vnderstands it , vndoubtedly this must be the Doctrin of the Reformation , and may be believed by any Reformed , since its Scripture interpreted by such renowned men . Ismael . This is most wicked Doctrin , I 'l never believe it . Isaac Jf you think by Scripture its wicked , do not : follow your Rule of faith , Scripture as you vnderstand it : but if an other vnderstands by scripture ( as those authors did ) that the Doctrin is good , give him leave to believe it ; hee 'l but follow his Rule of faith ; Scripture as he vnderstands it . Ismael . I would gladly know which are the true Canonical bookes of scripture . Isaac . The Reformation teachs and you may believe with the Church of England that S. Paul's Epistle to the Hebrews ; those of James and Jude ; the 2. of S. Peter ; the 2. and 3 of S. John , are true Cononical Scripture ; the Reformation also teachs they are not Canonical , because Lutherans deny them ; believe which you like best . But if you l ' live in peace , and out of all strife with Protestants , Lutherans , and others , who dispute , if this or that be Canonical Scripture ; your rediest and speediest way will be , to say ther 's no true Canonical Scripture ; Scripture is no more to be regarded than other pious bookes : if you say this is not the Doctrin of the Reformation ; reade Hossius de expresso Verbo Dei , & lib. de Haer. where he relates this to be the Doctrin of the Swi●feldians , as good Reformeds , as the best of vs : they say , that wee are not to regard any instruction from man or book , but Gods immediat inspiration , which speakes secretly to our hearts ; for which they alleadge those comfortable words of the prophet , I will hear what my Lord my God speakes in me : for say they , the book which we call Scripture , is a creature , and we must not seeke for light and instruction from any creature , but from God the Father of Lights . This is Scripture as interpreted by men of sound judgment : any Child of the Reformation may believe it . Ismael . I thought to settle my mind in my choyce of som Religion , and you go the way to beate me from all ; for if you renvers the authority of Scripture , what warrant shall wee haue for any Religion ? God forbid the Reformation should deny the true Canon , or the infallible truth of Scripture ; and let all the world say the contrary , I will constantly revere and believe it's Gods infallible word . Isaac . How can you say I beate you from all Religion , when I directly perswade you to follow the Rule of faith of our Reformation , Scripture as each Person of sound judgment vnderstands it ; let this be your Religion , if you will be a true Reformed ; Whateuer you judge in your conscience to be true ; let the Church of England , or France or any other say and believe what they will ; you are to believe but what you judge by scripture to be true , and this is the Religion of the Reformation . Ismael . J would gladly know , if it be lawfull to chop or change the text ? Isaac . It 's the Doctrin of the Reformation , that you cannot , because God has forbid to add to , or take away from his word : and therefore wee condemn the Papists for their Traditions , obtruded vpon the flock as the Word of God : It 's also the Doctrin of the Reformation , and the practise of our best Reformers , when the text does not speake cleerly enough , that for to refute Popery and establish our own Doctrin , wee may add or diminish a word or two ; which is not to change the Word of God , but to make it speake more expresly : as when Luther had a mind to preach Iustification by faith alone ; finding the Text said but , Man is justified by faith , he added the word Alone , and made the Text very cleer against Popery , which formerly was somwhat obscure : Zuinglius being to teach the Figurative presence of Christ in the Sacrament , found the Text , this is my Body , to be too pat against his Doctrin ; and insteed of Is , put in , this signifieth : The Church of England being to preach the kings Spiritual Supremacy , could not convince the obstinat Papist by the Original text which saide 1. Pet. 2 submit yourselvts vnto every human creature for the Lord's sake , whether it it be the king as excelling , or to , &c. But in king Edwards time they altered one word , and made the text thus , submit yourselves to every Ordinance of man , whether it be to the king as being the cheef head , and the following impressions of the Bible the yeare 1557. and 79. saie , To the king as supreame . And so the true Ductrin is cleerly convinced out of Scripture : as also the Lawfullness of Priests marriage● for the text before the Reformation said 1. Cor. 9 have not wee power to leade about a Woman sister ; and now our Bibles say , have not wee power to leade about a Wife being our sister : hence its evident according the Doctrine and practise of our Reformation , that when you have a mind to establish a Doctrin which you judge to be true , you may change the text and make it speake to your sense and meaning , provided you judge your sense to be true . Ismael . What do you think of Iustifying faith ? does faith alone justify vs ? Isaac . It 's the Doctrin of the Reformation , that without charity it cannot , because S. Paul saies 1. Cor. 13. if I have faith so as to move mountains , and have no charity , I am nothing , It 's also the Doctrin of the Reformation , that its impious and wicked to say , faith alone without charity does not justify ; this is Scripture as interpreted by Luther a man of sound judgment : l Who say , quoth Luther , that faith alone tho perfect it be cannot , justify without charitie ; say impiously and wickedly ; because faith alone without any good works doth justify . Believe which Doctrin you please , both are of the Reformation . Ismael . Luther was insolent in checking the Doctrin of S. Paul. Isaac . Probably he did not reflect that it was the Doctrin of the Apostle ; and if you will have it to be a check of S. Paul , Luther m will answer for himself Be it , saies he , that the Church , Augusti● or other Drs , also Peter and Paul , nay and an Angel from heaven should teach otherwise than as I teach , yet my Doctrin is such that it setteth forth Gods glory ; I know I teach no human , but Divin Doctrin . It 's the Doctrin of the Reformation that faith alone without any good works , and notwithstanding all sins you are guiltie of , doth justify you : this is Scripture as interpreted by Luther , who saies , nothing can damn you but incredulity , as nothing but faith can save you ; of Whitaker , Wotten fulk and Beza whose words I related in our precedent Dialogue ; which J believe you remember , and J need not repeat . Jts also the Doctrin of the Reformation , that good workes are meritorious of grace and glorie ; n Hocker and Harmonia confess : o say its the Doctrin of scripture ; and what any Person of sound judgment judges to be the Doctrin of scripture , he may believe it ; for this is our Rule of faith : it s like wise the Doctrin generally of all our Church , that good Works are not at all meritorious : Tindal ( called by Fox p a Man of God and a constant Martyr ) judges this to be so true that in his treatise de Mammona iniquitatis he saies , Christ himself did not by all his good Works merit the glory : and tho the scripture saies expresly he did ; Calvin q affirms , that its a foolish curiosity to examin , and a rash proposition to say Christ did merit . Jt's the Doctrin of the Reformation , that tho good works be not meritorious , nor have not the least influence in our justification or salvation ; yet they are absolutly needfull for both ; in as much as that true faith cannot be without good Works ; because they are the marks and signs of a living faith , by which alone wee are saved ; this is the judgment of the Church of England expressed in the 11. and 12. Article , of the 39. and of Melancton in locis Commun . de Bonis operibus , and you may believe it : You may also believe , and its the Doctrin of the Reformation , that good Works are so farr from being needfull , that they are prejudicious and hurtfull to our salvation , and the best way to be saved is to do no good Work at all ; this is scripture as interpreted by Jlliricus , Flaccius , Amsdorfius quoted in Act. Colloq . Aldeburg . pag. 205. and 299. and Luther r was so deeply perswaded of this truth , that tho Christ said , If ●hou wilt enter into the kingdom of heaven , keep the Commandments : Luther saies , it s an obstacle to our Salvation to keep them : Where it is said , quoth he , that faith in Christ doth indeed justify vs , but that it is necessary also to keep the Commandements , there Christ is denied , and faith abolisht ; because that which is proper to faith alone is attributed to the Commandements . And again ſ saies he , if faith be-acompanied with good Works , it s ●o true faith ; that it may justifie it must be alone without any good Works . This is Scripture as interpreted by such Eminent and sound men ; and consequently the Doctrin of the Reformation ; and who doubts but that any Doctrin of the Reformation may be believed . Hence forward , when you hear the preacher exhort you to good Works , you may believe him , if you please , and have a mind to spend your monies ; because he preaches the Doctrin of the Reformation : or you may laugh at him , and believe not a word he saies , because he preachs against the Doctrin of the Reformation . Ismael . These are dangerous and scandalous Tenets destructive of piety and Christianity ; and let Luther and those Authors you quoted say what they please , the Reformation , nor no honest man will ever believe such abominable Doctrin . Isaac . J do not say that the Children of the Reformation are obliged to believe them : they may believe as you do , that all are wicked Tenets : but if Luther and the others cited , judge in their conscience these Tenets to be the Doctrin of scripture , and if Peter , John or James like their interpretation ; I say they may according the Principles of our Reformation believe them , and be as truly Reformed Children as you : for our Rule of faith is Scripture as each Person of sound judgment vnderstands it , and in believing those Tenets , because they judge them to be the Doctrin of scripture , they stick fast to , and follow our Rule of faith : why is Figurative Presence , and the kings supremacie the Doctrin of the Reformation ; tho denied by Papists , Lutherans and Presbyterians ? but because the Protestants judge its the Doctrin of scripture : if therefore those great Authors I quoted , and any other with them judge those Tenets to be the Doctrin of Scripture , they can be justly called the Doctrin of the Reformation : must Protestants be forced against their judgments to deny Real Presence and supremacy , because Lutherans say its wicked Doctrin ? and why must Luther , Jlliticus , Flaccius and others be forced to deny those Tenets , tho Protestants or Papists judge them to be damnable I let each one believe what he thinks to be the Doctrin of Scripture , and he will still be a true Reformed Child . Ismael . Does not our Reformation teach that it 's possible to all men assisted with Gods Grace to keep the Commandments ? Isaac . This is the Doctrin of the Church of England , and consequently of the Reformation : It 's also the Doctrin of the Reformation delivered out of Scripture as interpreted by Luther , Calvin , Willet and several others , that its impossible to any man , assisted with what Grace soever to keep the Commandments . None has euer yet , saies our great Calvin , t and God has decreed none shall ever keep the Commandments : Again , u The law and Commandments were giuen vs , to no other end but that we should be damn'd by them , in as much as that it is impossible for vs to do what they command . The same Doctrin is taught by Luther in several places of his Works , by Willet , x and by our Brethren the Gomarists of Holland , and many of our french Synods . Believe which you please , both Doctrins are of the Reformation . Jt's also the Doctrin of Luther and Calvin , that God does not cast men into hell because their sins deserve it ; nor save men because they merit it ; but meerly because he will have it so : He crowns those who have not deserved it saies Luther , y and he punishes those who have not deserved it : t is Gods wrath and seuerity to damn the one , 't is his Grace and mercy to saue the other . Calvin also , z Men are damn'd for no other cause but because God will have it so ; he is the cause and author of their damnation ; their damnation is decreed by God when they are in their Mother's womb , because he will have it so ; this is also the belief of our Gomarists in Holland , of many french Churchs , and of several learned Calvinists : tho the Church of England denies this Doctrin , none will dare say it s not the Doctrin of the Reformation , because its Scripture as interpreted by such Eminent men of our Church . Ismael . J will neuer believe such execrable Doctrins ; nor will J euer be of any Congregation which believes them . Isaac . J do not advise you to believe them ; but to giue others leaue to believe them , if they think them to be the Doctrin of Scripture ; as Luther , Calvin , Willet , Gomarists and others do : you must not , if you be a true Reformed Child hinder any man from believing , nor be displeased with him for believing what he judges in his conscience to be the Doctrin of Scripture , for this is our Rule of faith : Will not you be of the Congregation and Religion of those , who follow Scripture as their Rule of faith , and Believe what they judge in their conscience to be the Doctrin of Scripture ? Ismael . Yes J will , and am of such a Congregation , for this is the Rule of faith of the Reformation . Isaac . Why then , you must be of the same Congregation with the Gomarists , Luther , Calvin and the others , who believe those which you call execrable Doctrins , because they follow Scripture as they vnderstand ; and believe those Doctrins , because they judge them to be of Scripture : you both follow the same Rule , one goes one way , and the other an other , and both are of the Reformation . The Church of England vnderstands by Scripture that God is not the Author nor cause of sin , that he does not force vs to sin ; who doubts but that this is there fore the Doctrin of the Reformation ? But Calvin , Brentius , Beza and several others vndestand by Scripture ; that God is the cause and author which forces our Will to sin ; that man , and the deuil , are but Gods instruments to commit it : that murthers , incests , blasphemies , &c are the works of God , that he makes vs commit them : and who doubts but this also is the Doctrin of the Reformation being Scripture as interpreted by such eminent and sound judgments ? God saies Calvin , a directs , moues , inclins and forces the Will of man to sin ; in so much that the power and efficacy of working , is wholy in him ; man , nay and satan when he impells vs , Being only Gods instruments which he vses for to make vs sin . Zuinglius , Willet , Beza teach the same . VI. DIALOGUE . ISMAEL J am weary of hearing such horrid blasphemies ; my heart trembles to heare you say , that such abominable Tenets may be believed according our Rule of faith and Principles of our Reformation : I beseech you let me hear no more of such stuff : J conceive very well that mens judgments and consciences are not to be constrain'd to believe or deny this or that Tenet , because the Pope or his infaillable , forsooth , Church wil have it so ; Isaac . and must they be constrain'd to deny or believe because the fallible Church of England or France will have it so ? Ismael . No , J do not say they must , have patience , and heare me speake a whyle : J say that Scripture must be our Rule of faith , and not any Pope , or Church , or Congregation ; and that wee are no to be forced by any to believe , but what wee vnderstand to be true by Scripture ; and that if wee judge by Scripture any Doctrin to be fals and contrary to Gods Word ; wee must not be forced to believe it : but wee must not abuse this liberty : that wee should have libertie for to believe or deny supremacy , figurative Presence , Communion in one or both kinds , and such other inferior Truths controverted among Christians ; and that each Congregation may in such Articles , believe as it vnderstands by Scripture to be true , may pass ; and it s practis'd in our Reformed Churchs : But that wee should run so farr , as to have libertie by our Rule of faith to believe or deny the Fundamental and chief Articles of Christianity , as the Trinity , Incarnation , Divinity of Christ , &c. that libertie ought not to be giuen : our Reformation very wisely and piously permits the Lutherans to believe one thing , the Presbyterians an other , the Protestants an other , and so of the rest : and all are true Reformed Children , because each of them believes as they judge by Scripture to be true : but the Reformation has neuer giuen , not neuer will giue liberty to interpret Scripture against the fundamental articles of Christanity : wee must be moderat ; and keep our rambling fancies within compass , and if any should judge and interpret Scripture in favor of any scandalous and abominable Tenets against Christianity and good Manners , he must be checkt , and not commended : this moderation the Church of England vses and will never permit the contrary . Isaac . J percevie a greate deale of Popish blood to run in your veins , and that if you and your Church of England , were in p●ower at the beginning of our Reformation , wee should neuer have had a Luther , Calvin , Beza , or such other noble and renowned Reformers : by what J gather from your discourse , J do not see the breth of an inchs difference betwixt the Church of Rome and you and your Church of England ; for the Church of Rome will not stick to grant , that Gods Word alone is her Rule of faith , but so that none must believe any sense of it , but as she believes it , nor interpret any text , but receive her interpretation of it : The Church of England has Scripture for her Rule of faith , and gives vs libertie for to interpret , vnderstand , and believe som texts of it , as each one thinks best ; and so permits Presbyterians to deny Episcopacy , Lutherans to deny Figurative Presence , &c. and confesses they are all her Brethren of the Reformation , but she will give no libertie at all for to interpret other Texts , but all must vnderstand them as she does , or all must be heretiks and damn'd men : No , that text , My father and I are one , must be interpreted to signifie the Unitie in Nature of the Father and son , as the Church of England believes ; none must interpret it otherwise : so that the difference betwixt the Popish Church and that of England is ; the first giues vs no liberty at all : the second giues us som libertie ; the first robs vs of all ; the second but of the one half : the Rule of faith in Popery is Scripture as interpreted by the Pope and Councils ; the Rule of faith in England as to som Articles is Scripture as interpreted by the Church of Enggland ; and as to other Articles , Scripture as each Person of sound judgment vnderstands it : and thus Protestants , are but half Papists , and half Reformed , and both these ingredients will never make a good compound . Let any vnbyass'd and impartial man judge if the Church of England proceeds justly in this : for if our Rule of faith be Scripture as each Person of sound judgment vnderstands it , as she mentions in her 39. Articles ▪ and as the whole Reformation believes , if wee are not to be constraind , to believe any Church , Council , or mans sense of Scripture , if wee do not judge by the Word of God its true ; by what authority Rule or reason , can the Church of England give me libertie to vnderstand and believe som texts as J please ; and deny me libertie for to vnderstand and believe others , as J judge by Scripture they ought to be vnderstood ? J pray observe well this discourse : heer are Luther , Calvin , Beza , Zuinglius and our other first Reformers ; they interpret som texts against the Doctrin of Rome , and others against the Doctrin of the Church of England : they are praised for the first , and esteemed Apostolical Reformers , because without any regard of what the Church of Rome said , they freely taught and believed what they judged by Scripture to be true ; why must not they be praised and esteemed true Reformers also , for not regarding what the Church of England or any other saies ; but teach the impossibility of Gods Commandments , the sufficiency of faith alone , and all those other Tenets which you so much mislike , since they judge by Scripture , that to be the true Doctrin : are they bound to submit their judgments to the Church of England more than to that of Rome ? Ismael . But in those Tenets they do not only contradict the Church of England ; but all Christian Churchs and Congregations ; for all will say those are wicked and scandalous Doctrin . Isaac . And if they judge by Scripture that those Tenets are not such , but sound and good Doctrin , may not they believe them , tho all the world and ten worlds did gainsay them ? is not Scripture our Rule of faith , and are wee to regard what any Church or all Churchs say , further than wee find by Scripture that they say well ? But being these Tenets , which you call horrid blasphemies displease you I 'll change my discourse ; and because I see you are Popishly inclined , J will shew you how by the Principles of our Reformation , you can be as good a Papist as the Pope ; one principle excepted , wherin you must dissent from the Church of Rome , if you intend to remain a true Reformed Child . Ismael . You promise too much , and more than J desire to know ; J don't desire to have any Communication with the Pope , I know by the Writings of our Authors what kind of beast he is . Isaac . By your favor , you may believe the Popes are worthy , honest , and godly men ; many Drs. of our Reformation , and our Travellers to the Court of Rome give this testimonie of them ? you may also believe , that Popes and Cardinals are knaves and Atheists , who looke on Scripture as a Romance and deny the Incarnation of Christ , for Calvin saies so , and would never have said it , if it had not been true : but beware not to speake so in Rome , or they 'l lodge you where honest Taylor the Quaker was ; nor in Spain , or they 'l stop your mouth with an Inquisition faggot . Ismael . J care not what the Pope or Cardinals are ; but J would gladly know , what religion and Congregation you are of ; for wheras you are my immediat instructor ; it behoues me to know what religion you have . Isaac As to my Religion , I doubt not but that my Readers will be devided in their judgments of me ; if a Papist reades me , hee 'l sweare I am an Atheist ; but J hope he will not pretend to be infallible as his Pope : if a Protestant , hee l say , I am a Papist ; and that my drift is to cast dirt vpon his Church : the honest Quaker will say , I am a profane man ; others perhaps will say I am of no Religion , but a despiser of all ; and our Congregations are so vncharitable that likely none will accept of me , because I say all religions are very good : a sad thing that a man must be hated for speaking well of his neighbours ; and that each one must have all the world to be naught but himself : this then is my Religion , To suffer persecution for justice and truth ; to render good for evil ; to bless those who curse me ; and speake well of all congregations , whylst they speake all evil against me : reflect well vpon what J discoursed hitherto , and you will find , J am as great a louer of the Reformation as they who may think me its enemie ; and reade my following discourse and you will find I loue Popery as well as the Reformation : the Spirit of God makes no exception of Persons . Ismael . You promised to proue by the Principles of the Reformation , that wee may believe all the Tenets of Popery , and remain still of the Reformation : how can this be ? Isaac . You remember I excepted one Principle of Poperie , wherin you must necessarily dissent from them : and if you deny this one Principle , you may believe all their others Tenets as well as the Pope ; and be as ●ood a Child of the Reformation as Luther . Ismael . What Principle is this , which you seem to make the only distinctive sign of a Reformed , from a Papist . Isaac . Listen a whyle : a Papist is not a Papist because he believes Purgatory , Transubstantiation , Indulgences , and the rest of Popish Tenets , but because he believes them vpon the testimonie of the Pope and Church , because they assure him they are revealed Truths : if a Papist did say , J believe these Tenets because I myself do judge by scripture that they are revealed ; and not , because the Pope and Church say they are ; he would be no Papist : The Papist believes the Mystery of the Trinity , the Incarnation and passion of Christ : the Protestant believes the same Mysteries ; yet the one is a Papist and no Protestant ; the other is a Protestant and no Papist . And why ? because the Papist believes them vpon the testimonie of the Pope and Church , the Protestant believes them vpon the testimony of Gods Written Word : believe then whatever you please of Popery , provided you believe it , because you judge by Scripture its true , and not because the Pope or the Church sayes it ; you 'l never be a Papist but a perfect Reformed . Ismael . If this discourse be solid , you may hedge in all the Articles of Popery into our Reformation . Isaac . If you peruse the works of our Reformed Drs you 'l hardly find any Article of Popery , but has been judged by many , or som of our best Reformed Drs , to be the true Doctrin of scripture ; and wheras any Doctrin which any Person of sound judgment vnderstands by scripture to be true may be justly called the Doctrin of the Reformation ; it follows that hardly is there any Article of Popery , for which wee see so many persecutions againsts subjects , and such troubles in our Parliaments , but is truly the Doctrin of the Reformation . Ismael . Shew me som examples of this . Isaac . The Veneration of Relicks and Saints dead bones , is generally believed by vs to be meer Popery and superstition ; therefore wee made no store of Luther and Calvins bones , tho wee know them to be as great Saints as any in the Popish Church : but Veneration of Relicks and Saints bones , is the Doctrin of our Reformation ; for whatever is set down and commended by our Common Prayer book , must be vndoubtedly esteemed our Reformed Doctrin and practice , and our common Prayer book printed since our Kings happy restauration , in its Kalender sets down a day to the Translation of S. Edward king of Saxons Body in the month of June ; and dedicats an other to the translation of the Bodies of S. Martin and Swithin , in the month of July . The Veneration and vse of the Sign of the Cross , is flat Popery in the judgment of all our Congregations ; yet any Reformed Child may laudably and piously vse it ; wheras our Common Prayer Book in the Administration of Baptism , commands the Minister to vse it , saying , Wee sign him with the sign of the Cross , in token that heerafter he shall not be ashamed , to confess the faith of Christ crucified , and manfully to fight vnder his banner against Sin , the world and the Deuil . And in our kalender printed since his Majesti's restauration , it s called the Holy Cross . Our Congregations generally believe , its Popery to keep Holy daies ( except the Sabboth day ) and Saints daies ; to fast Lent , Vigils , commanded , Emberdays , and fridaies ; and all this is recommanded to vs in our Common Prayer book , and the Minister is commanded , in the Administration of the Lords Supper , to publish the Holy daies of the week , and exhort vs to fast ; and surely , he is not commanded to teach , or exhort vs to any thing , but to the Doctrin of the Reformation : It 's true the Students of our Colledges of Oxford and Cambridge , are much troubled with scruples in this point : these Pauperes de Lugduno , are compelled to fast all fridays throughout the yeare ; and it s not hungar that makes them complain , but tenderness of Conscience , because they feare its Popery . It 's a Popish error , wee say , to believe that Pennance , or our penal works of fasting , almsdeeds , or corporal austerities , can auaile and helpe for the remission of our Sins , and satisfying Gods Justice : No , we say , penal works , serue for noting ; all is don by Repentance ; that 's to say , by sorrow of heart for having offended God. This is the Doctrin of Danaeus , Willet , Junius and Calvin , who saies Francis , Dominick , Bernard , Antony , and the rest of Popish Monks and Fryars , are in hell for their austerities and penal Works : for all that , you may very well believe , and its the Doctrin of the Reformation , that Pennance and Penal Works , do auaile for the remission of our sins , and are very profitable to the soule ; for , our Common Prayer booke in the Commination against sinners , saies thus ; In the Primitive Church , there was a godly Disciplin , that at the beginning of Lent , such as were notorious Sinners , were put to open pennance , and punisht in this world , that their soules may be saued in the day of the Lord. And our Common Prayer booke wishes , that this Disciplin were restored again ; and Surely , it does not wish that Popery were restored ; therefore it s no Popery to say , that Pennance or penal Works , do satisfy for our sins in this world , and auaile to save vs in the other . Ismael . I know , many of our Congregations , mislike much our Common Prayer booke for these Popish Tenets ; but what do you say of the grand errors of Popery , can a man be a true Child of the Reformation , and yet believe the Popes Supremacy ; deny the kings supremacy ; believe Transubstantiation and Communion in one kind ; are these Tenets , the Doctrin of the Reformation , or consistent with its Principles ? Isaac . The kings supremacy is vndoubtedly the Doctrin of the Reformation ; because it s judged by the Church of England to be of Scripture : yet not only the Quakers , Presbyterians , Anabaptists , and other Congregations , judge it s not of Scripture , but as erroneus a Tenet , as that of the Popes supremacy ; Calvin 6. Amos , saies ; They were vnaduised people and blasphemers , who raised king Henry the VIII . so far as to call him the head of the Church ; but also that no Civil Magistrat can be the head of any particular Church , is the Doctrin of the Centuriators cent . sept . pag. 11. of Cartwright , Viretus , Kemnitius and many others ; who doubts then but that in the Principles and Doctrin of the Reformation , you may deny the Kings Supremacy , tho the Church of England believes it . The Popes Supremacy is the Doctrin of Popery ; who doubts it ? but it s also the Doctrin of the Reformation , for many of our Eminent Drs. haue judged it to be the Doctrin of Scripture ; as Whitgift , a who cites Calvin , and Musculus for this opinion : but its needfull wee relate som of their express words , I do not deny saies Luther , b but that the Bishop of Rome , is , has been , and ought to be the first of all ; I believe , he is aboue all other Bishops , it s not lawfull to deny his supremacy : Melancton c saies no less that the B. of Rome is aboue all the Church ; that it is his Office to govern , to judge in controversies , to watch ouer the Priests , to keep all Nations in conformity and vnity of Doctrin : Somaisius , d The Pope of Rome has been without controversie the first Metropolitan in Italie , and not only in Italie , nor only in the West , but in all the world , the other Metropolitans have bin chief in their respective districts , but the pope of Rome has bin Metropolitan and Primat , not only of som particular Dioces , but of all . Grotius e has expresly the same Doctrin and proves this supremacy belongs to the Pope de Iure Divino . J pray consider if these Drs. be not men of sound judgment , and of eminent learning and credit in our Reformation , and if our Doctrin be Scripture as such men vnderstand it , consider I say with what justice can this Doctrin be called Popery more than Reformed Doctrin . As for Transubstantiation , it contains two difficulties ; first if the Body of Christ be really in the Sacrament ; and this Real presence , the Lutherans defend to be the Doctrin of Scripture , as well as the Papists ; why then should it be called Popish , more than Reformed Doctrin ? the second is , if the substance of bread , be in the Sacrament togither with Christs Body : Lutherans say it is ; Papists say it is not , but that there is a Transubstantiation , or change of the whole substance of bread , into the Body of Christ ; but hear what Luther f saies of this that wee call Popish Doctrin ? I give all Persons libertie to believe in this point , what they please , without hazard of their salvation , either that the bread is in the Sacrament of the Altar , or that it is not . Would Luther have given this liberty , if Transubstantiation had not been the Doctrin of the Reformation as well as any other ? Calvin g also and Beza h affirm , that Luther's Doctrin of the coexistence of Christ's Body and the bread , is more absurd , than the Popish Doctrin of the existence of the Body alone ; if therefore wee be true Reformed , and safely believe the Doctrin of Luther , which is the most absurd ; much more will we be of the Reformation , by believing that of the Papists , which is less . Communion in One kind , is the Doctrin of the Reformation , no less than Communion in both : for besides that Luther saies , i They sin not against Christ , who vse one kind onely , seeing Christ has not commanded to vse both ; and again , k tho it were an excellent thing to vse both kinds in the Sacrament ; and Christ has commanded nothing in this , as necessary , yet it were better to follow peace and Vnity , than to contest about the kinds ; but also Melancton ; l who in the opinion of Luther surpasses all the Fathers of the Church ; expresly teachs the same Doctrin : and the Church of England Statut 1. Edward VI. commands . That the Sacrament be commonly administer'd in both kinds , if necessitie does not require otherwise ; mark , he saies but Commonly ; and that for som necessity it may be receved in one ; lastly th● sufficiency of one kind in the Sacrament , is plainly set down by our Reformed Church of France in her Ecclesiastical Disciplin printed at Saumur , chap. 12. art . 7. The Minister must give the bread in the supper to them , who cannot drink the Cup , provided it be not for contempt . And the reason is , because there are many who cannot endure the tast of Wine : wherefore it often happens among them , that som persons , do take the bread alone : and truly if som of our Ministers in England , do not give better wine than they are acustomed , who very irreverently serve that holy Table with naughtie trash , it s much to be feared , that our flock will also petition to be dispens'd with in the Cup ; because there are som of so delicat Palats , that they cannot endure the tast of bad Wine . Now , you may admire the injustice of the Papists in condemning our Reformed Doctrin and Doctors as Hereticks , wheras those Tenets are believed by many of vs , as well as by them ; and the groundless severity of our Congregations in exclaiming against that Doctrin ; it being the Doctrin of the Reformation , wheras so many eminent men of our own , judge it to be of Scripture . Ismael . Wheras I see people persecuted by the Church of England for these Tenets , I can hardly be perswaded they are the Doctrin of the Reformation : at our next meeting wee will pursue this discourse ; the Bell rings for morning Prayers ; A Dieu . VII . DIALOGUE . ISAAC . You come from Church , as I guess by the Common Prayer booke I see in your hands , I pray let me see the Kalender of it ; if it be à la mode nouvelle , which was made by the Church of England , since his Majesties restauration . Ismael . Why ? have you met any thing in it , which shocks you ? Isaac . Shock me ? No Doctrin or practice of any Congregation , or man of sound judgment of our Church can shock me ; you know , I pleade for libertie to believe and practise as each one judges by scripture to be true and good . But I observe in your Kalender , you have a day consecrated to S. Ann in the month of of July ; I would gladly know , what Ann is this , which the Church of England honors so much ? Ismael . It 's Ann , the Mother of the Virgin Mary . Isaac . Is 't possible ? J thought it was Ann Bolen the mother of our Virgen Elizabeth : J am sure the Church of England , is more obliged to her , than to the other : but as you have put heer the Mother of the Virgin Mary , why did not you put in also Elizabeth mother of the great Baptist ; and the Angel Gabriel , as well as Michael ? Ismael . J know not indeed . Isaac . Nor do J know , if it be not , because that Elizabeth and Gabriel made the Popish Ave Maria , as Scripture relates ; but can you tell , as the Church of England put in your Kalender , S. George , S. Andrew and S. David , Patrons of England , Scotland and Wales ; why did not she put in S. Patrick Patron of Ireland ? Ismael . J can't tell ; what may be the reason , think you ? Isaac . J know not , if it be not that he forfeited his place for his Purgatorie ; for tho the others were as deep in Popery as he , ) if wee believe the Papists ; ) but the Parliament pass'd an Act of Indemnity for England , Scotland and Wales after the kings return to his kingdoms ; and thereby the sin of Popery was forgiven to their Patrons ; and no act of Indemnitie was past for Jreland , whereby Patrik is still guiltie ; if it be not , that the Seaven Champions of Christendom tell us S. Patrick was S. George his footman , and it was not thought good manners , to put him in the same rank with his Master . Ismael . For shame , if not for piety , forbeare , J cannot endure to sully sacred things with profane Ralleries ; the Kalender is a holy institution of the Church , and ought to be reverenc'd . Isaac . And so is Episcopacy , surplices , Bells , Organs , and Corner Capps ; yet J hope you will give Presbyterians , Anabaptists , Quakers , &c. leave to laugh at them : and be still as good Children of the Reformation as you : if you esteem them to be sacred and holy , reverence and honor them ; J commend you for it ; if others judge otherwise let them follow their humor ; each one as he fancies , saies the fellow kissing ●his Cow ; this is the holy Libertie of the Reformation , Scripture as each one vnderstands it . Ismael . Let vs return to our last discourse ; how is it possible , that those Tenets of Popery , should be the Doctrin of the Reformation , wheras wee see the Church of England so severely persecut the Professors of them ? Isaac . Do you think a Doctrin is not of the Reformation , because it s denied by the Church of England ? or because she persecutes the Professors of it ? do not they persecute all non Conformists , as well as Popery ? persecution is no proof of a Doctrin to be bad ; it 's but the effect of a blind zeale armed with power : for to know certainly if a Doctrin , be of the Reformation , you must trye it by our test or Rule of faith , which is the Written Word of God ; and whateuer any man of sound judgment , of a sincere and humble heart judges to be contained in Scripture , or an indubitable consequence out of it ; that man , may believe that Doctrin , let all others judge of it as they list ; and by so believing will be a true Child of the Reformation ; wherefore , since that the Church of France , that of England in Edward the VI. time , Luther , Melancton , Grotius , and the other authors J quoted , do judge Transubstantiation , Popes Supremacy , and Communion in one kind to be the Doctrine of Sctipture : wee must call it the Doctrin of the Reformation ; and if you judge as they did , you may believe that Doctrin , and be still of the Reformation , as well as they . Ismael . Can you shew me any other Tenet of Popery , which you can call the Doctrin of the Reformation . Isaac . Alas ! you can hardly shew me any Tenet of Popery , but what is its Doctrin ; what Doctrin more Popish than that of Confession and Absolution from sins ? yet it s as truly the Doctrin of the Reformation , as Figurative Presence : for not only a Lobechius , b Altamerus , c Sarcerius and d Melancton say , it s a Sacrament : but the Church of England in our Common Prayer booke , declares that Priests have not only the power of declaring their sins to be forgiuen to the Penitents , but also the power of forgiuing them : and sets down the form of Absolution , which the Minister is to vse ; Our Lord Iesus Christ , who left power to the Church , to absolve all sinners which truly repent , of his mercie forgive thee and thine offences ; and I by his authoritie committed vnto me , do Absolve thee from all they sins : the ministers of the Diocess of Lincoln in their Survey of the book of Common Prayers , checkt this Doctrin as Popery , and petitioned to have it blotted out ; but could not prevaile ; whereby we are given to vnderstand , it s the Doctrin of the Reformation . It 's Popery , wee say , to call Extream Vnction , Confirmation , and Holy Order of Priesthood , Sacraments : and who can justly denie all this to be the Doctrin of the Reformation ? for Calvin e saies , I confess , the Disciples of Christ did vse Extream Vnction as a Sacrement ; I am not , saies he , of the opinion of those , who judge it was only a Medecin for corporal diseases : Calvin f also , and with him our Common Prayer book and all our Divins say , a Sacrament is nothing els , but a Visible sign of the invisible Grace wee receive by it ; and they say with g Couel , h Hooker and others that this definition fits exactly Confirmation ; wherfore the Ministers of the Diocess of Lincolne , checkt the Common Prayer book , for giving the Difinition of a Sacrament to Confirmation . i Melancton , k Bilson l Hooker and m Calvin expresly teach , that the Order of Priesthood , is a Sacramēt . And when men of so eminēt judgment of our Reformation teach , this to be the Doctrin of Scripture , who doubts but that it is of the Reformation . Ismael . By this , you destroy the Doctrin of the Reformation , of two Sacraments only . Isaac . Destroy it ? God forbid : Because the Church of England saies , there are but two Sacraments , I say its the Doctrin of the Reformation , there are but two : and because so many eminent men judge by Scripture there are more , J say its the Doctrin of the Reformation there are more , that 's to say six , Baptism , Confirmation , Eucharist , Pennance , Extrem Unction and Holy Order : and every likely our Bishops and Ministers , for their Wyves sake , will not stick to grant that Matrimony also is a Sacrament . Ismael . But can you say , that Prayers to Saints and Jmages , Prayers for the dead , and Purgatorie , are not meer Popery , and in no wise the Doctrin of the Reformation ? Isaac . Without doubt , those Tenets are Popery ; but all the world knows , the Lutherans vse Jmages in their Churchs and pray before them ; and the ●oly synod of Charenton has declared , as wee said in our first Dialogue , that the Lutherans have nothing of Superstition or Idolatry in their manner of Divin Worship ; this is also the Doctrin n of Jacobus Andreas , o Brachmanus , p Kemnitius , Luther and Brentius quoted by Beza q and why should not a Doctrin judged by such eminent men to be of Scripture , be called the Doctrin of the Reformation ? Prayers for the dead and Purgatorie , is Popery confessedly ; but alas , it is taught expresly by Urbanus , Regius r Bucer , ſ Zuinglius , t Melancton , u Luther , x the Common Prayer book in king Edwards time printed 1549. and many others of our learned Drs , and what can you call more properly the Doctrin of the Reformation , than what such men teach to be the Doctrin of scripture : And tho our Brethren , Quakers , Anabaptists , Presbyterians and Protestants judge Prayers to Angels and Saints to be nothing else but Popery : yet our Common Prayer booke has the same Collect or Prayer to Angels in S. Michael's day , that the Popish Mass Book has , and desires that the Angels may succour and defend vs on earth : and prayers to , and intercession of Saints is taught by Luther , y Bilneus and Latimer quoted by Fox z and consequently its the Doctrin of the Reformation . Ismael . If all these Popish Articles , may be safely believed by the Reformation , and be the Doctrin of our Reformed Church , as well as of Popery ; what difference then betwixt vs and Popery : or why are we called a Reformation of Popery , or why did wee separat from them ? Isaac J have told you already , that our difference from Popery , is not , because wee must deny what they believe , for wee believe as well as they the Unity and Trinity of God , the Jncarnation of his son , &c. but in this , that the Papists believe because the Pope and Church saies this is true revealed Doctrin : but wee believe not because any Church , Pope or Doctor saies so , but because wee ourselves judge by scripture it is so : for if a Papist did say , I do not believe this is a revealed Truth , because the Pope and Church saies it is , but because I find by scripture it is ; he would be no Papist : believe then whatever Doctrin you will , either Popery , Iudaism , Protestancy , Arianism or what else you please , provided you judge by scripture it is true , and that you believe it , not because this or that Church , Congregation , or Drs believe it , but because yourself judges it to be true ; you 'l be a true Child of the Reformation : And this is the reason why wee are called a Reformation , and why wee separated from them , because they would haue vs take for our Rule of faith Scripture as interpreted by them ; and believe , not what wee judge to be the Doctrin of Scripture , but what they judge ; and this is also the Reason why Ptesbyterians are jealous with the Church of England ; why Anabaptists forsake Presbyterians , why these are forsaken by Quakers , because each one would haue the world judge as they do , and persecute and trouble one another , which is quite against the Spirit of the Reformation , for wher as our Rule of faith is no Church , Congregation or man , but Scripture as each one vnderstands it ; it follows that by our Principles , every one must be permitted to believe whatever he pleases ; and by so doing , he will be a true Child of the Reformation . Ismael . The Church of England nor any of our Congregations , will neuer believe any of those Popish Tenets . Isaac . The time may come , that they may believe them all , and be still as good Reformeds as now they are : for if the Pope and his Church should to morrow deny and excommunicat those Tenets , which now they so stedfastly believe ( and I hope they will som day ) then it would be a pious and virtuous action in all Reformed Children , to believe them all , as much as now they deny them : and let vs pretend what other reason : wee please : but it s very certain that the strongest reason wee can haue to deny those Articles , is because the Pope and his Church believes them , and consequently , if the Popish Church , would but deny them , wee might and ought to believe them : you will think this a Paradox ; but listen to our Apostolical and Divin Luther : a If a general Council , saies he , did permit Priests to marry ; it would be a singular mark of piety and sign of Godlyness in that case to take Concubins , rather than to marry in conformity to the Decree of the Council , I would in that case command Priests not to marry vnder pain of damnation . And again saies he ; b if the Council should decree Communion in both kinds ; in contempt of the Council , I would take one only kind or none . See these words of Luther quoted by our learned Hospinian c and Jewel d and see it s not only my Doctrin but of great Luther , that in case the Pope and Council deny all the Tenets , they now believe ; wee may , and it will be a pious godly action to believe them , and make as many Acts of Parliament for them , as now wee have against them . But what 's the matter ? me thinks you become pale som thing troubles you , speake , what i st ? Ismael . It 's the horror J conceive against your discourse , my countenance cannot be in a calm , when my mind is in such a storm and confusion ; pursue no more : you said enough , that J should curse the day J haue euer seen you , or heard that , which you call Holy Liberty , which is but a prostitution of Consciences , a profanation of all that is sacred , and an open gap to all impiety in Doctrin and manners : but J hope the Lord has giuen me that profound respect and attache to our holy Reformation , that I shall not be beatten from it by all your engines , able to inspire a contempt and hatred of it to any weake Brother : for who would liue a moment in it : if such impious Tenets , such sandalous and blasphemous Doctrins were of it , or were vnauoidable sequeles out of its principles : No , No , the Principles of the Reformed Church , are sound and Orthodox , and no Doctrin can follow from them , but what 's pure and true . Isaac . Let me tell you , J have as tender a loue for the Reformation , as you : and J will maintain the holy Libertie J assert , cannot justly be called a prostitution of Consciences ; for , you dare not deny but this is an Orthodox and sound Principle , that our Rule of faith is Scripture as ●ach Person of sound judgement vnderstands it ; that it is lawfull for each person of sound judgment to reade it , to giue his judgement of the true sense of it , and to believe and hold that sense of it , which he thinks in his Conscience to be true ; is there any prostitution of Consciences in this Doctrin ? or is it not the Doctrin of our Reformation ? Ismael . All this in true , the prostitution of consciences leyes not there ; but in the scandalous and blasphemous Tenets , which you pretend that follow out of that Rule of faith . Isaac . But you wrong the Reformation in calling such Tenets blasphemies and scandals : for since our Rule of faith is Scripture as each Person of soud judgment vnderstands it ; if this Rule of faith be good and sound ; if it be religious and holy ; any Doctrin that is conformable to this Rule , must be good , sound , religious and holy ; this being our Rule of faith and manners , it s cleerer than day light , that all and each Tenet which J rehearsed in all my former discourses , are consormable to our Rule of faith ; for our Rule is , Scripture as each man of sound judgment vnderstands it . our Doctrin therefore must be , what any Person of sound judgment vnderstands to be the Doctrin of Scripture . This is an evident sequele out of that Principle , and wheras there is not one Tenet of all those which J rehearsed , whether they concern Doctrin or Manners ; but was judged by the Doctors , which J cited for it , to be the Doctrin of Scripture ; it follows vnauoiably , that there is not one Tenet of them , but is the Doctrin of the Reformation : therefore you must be forced to either of these two ; either to say that our Rule of faith , by which such Doctrins are warranted , is naught , wicked and scandalous , and leads to a prostitution of consciences and Manners ; or that all those Tenets , are good , sound , pious , and no prostitution or corruption of our consciences : for , pick and choose out the Doctrin which you think to be the most wicked and scandalous of all those J rehearsed ; you cannot deny , but that it was taught by the author J quoted for it , and judged by him , to be the Doctrin of Scripture : and if no Doctor hitherto had believed it , you or J , or som other person of sound judgment , may judge it to be the Doctrin of Scripture : either of both then , you must be constrained to grant : or that the Doctrin of the Reformation , is not what each Person of sound judgment vnderstands to be the Doctrin and sense of Scripture , which is as much as to say , that our Rule of faith must not be Scripture as wee vnderstand it , but that wee must believe against our own judgment and conscience , what others say is the Doctrin and sence of Scripture : or you must grant that all and each of those Tenets J rehearsed , is the Doctrin of the Reformation , tho you , or this , or that man may judge them to be blasphemies and scandals Ismael . J confess our Rule of faith in the Reformation is Scripture as each Person vnderstands it ; for all our Reformed Churchs , with the Church of England inher 39. Articles do giue vs this Rule of faith : I confess consequently out of this Principle , that wee must not believe what Doctrin or sense of Scripture others judge to be true and orthodox , if wee do not ourselues judge it to be such , for wee must not be forced to believe against our judgments : lastly I confess wee may safely believe , whatsoeuer Doctrin wee seriously judge to be Doctrin of Scripture , but prouided , that such a Tenet or Doctrin be not plainly against Scripture , and be not plain and downright impiety and blasphemie . Isaac . And in case you , or the Church of England , Rome , France , or Germany judges a Doctrin to be blasphemous and against Scripture , and Luther , or Calvin or J , or an other , judges it is good Doctrin and conformable to Scripture ; to which judgment must J stand ? must J believe yours against my Conscience and knowledge ▪ or must not J believe my own ? is it not the Principle and practice of our Reformation , that J must believe what J judge in my conscience to be Scripture , and not what others judge , if they judge the contrarie ? when Luther began the Reformation , did not almost all Christians , and the whole Church believe Purgatorie and Prayers to saints to be the Doctrin of Scripture ; and did not he , very commendably , deny it against them all , because he judged by Scripture it was not ? will a Presbyterian believe Episcopacy because the Church of England saies its the Doctrin of Scripture ; no , but deny it because himsef judges it is not . Ismael . It s true , each one may lawfully believe what himself judges to be the Doctrin of Scripture ; prouided he be a godly wel intentioned man , humble and meeke in Spirit ; provided secondly , that what he vnderstands to be the sense and Doctrin of Scripture , be not absurd and impious in the judgment of all the rest of the faithfull : for , let a man be euer se learned and godly , if he gives an interpretation of Scripture , which is denied by all the Church , he must not be followed Isaac . Your first Prouiso is very good , and J hope you will meet no Doctor of all those J quoted for those Tenets , which you call blasphemies , who was not a learned , godly humble and well intentioned man , who will be so bold as to deny it of Luther , Calvin , Beza , Zuinglius , &c. Your second Proviso is not just , and in it you ouerthrow the whole Reformation , and our Rule of faith ; for this being , as you granted , Scripture as each Person of sound judgment vndestands it ; whateuer interpretation or sense any man of sound judgment vnderstands to be of Scripture , he may safely and piously believe it , tho all the rest of the world should judge it to be impious and blasphemous ; otherwise our Rule of faith , must not be Scripture as wee vnderstand it ; but as it is vnderstood by others : and wheras no Tenet , of all those J rehearsed , but was judged to be the sense and Doctrin of Scripture by som of those eminent Drs. I quoted ; it follows , they might have safely believed them ; and if you or J judge as they did , wee may also believe as they did , and be still of the Reformation . Ismael . It 's wicked and pernicious to say , any particular Person may believe his own privat sense and interpretation of Scripture , if it be judged by all others to be naught ; and therefore the Church of England , prudently and wisely , puts a stop and bridle to the extravagant and rambling imaginations of particular Persons ; they must conform themselves , and believe but what the Church judges may be safely believed . Isaac . Pray Sr. , since when is it cōmendable to constrain mens judgments to believe , not what each one thinks best , but what the Church thinks may be safely believed ? was this commendable in the beginning of our Reformation , when our blessed Reformers began to teach their privat judgments against the Church then establisht ? if it was ; then the Church of Rome is to be commended , for persecuting and excommunicating our first Reformers ; and if this was not , nor is not commendable in the Church of Rome ; why is it commendable in the Church of England ? this is a peece of Popery , wherof the Church of England is guiltie , and for which all our Congregations are iealous of her : be it knowen to you , our other Congregations , Lutherans , Calvinists , Anabaptists , &c. are as truly and godly Children of the Reformation as the Church of England ; and they will not submit to that Popish tyranny , nor suffer any curb to their judgments , but will have our Rule of faith to be but Scripture , and each one to vnderstand , and believe it , as he thinks best in the Lord. Ismael . J confess , other Congregations will admit no such curb , nor bridle to their judgments , but follow Scripture as they vnderstand it ; but the Church of England has a reverent regard for the sense and interpretation of it given by the Primitive ages , Fathers and Councils ; and that wee prefer before the privat interpretations of particular Persons . Isaac . And just so saied the Popish Church to Luther and our first blessed Reformers ; and if that had been well d●n ; wee should have had , neither Protestancy , nor any other Reformation : but you confess at least , that the Rule of faith in all other Congregations , is but Scripture as each Person vnderstands it , and each person may consequently believe his own sense of it , and deny the sense of any other if he does not like it : then you must confess , that in all other Congregations , except the Church of England , any Reformed Child may believe any sense and Doctrin , which any Person of sound judgment judges to be Scripture , if himself likes it , tho all the rest of the world may think it naught ; and wheras you cannot deny , but that all and each Dr. quoted by me for those Tenets , which you call blasphemies , were sound and able judgments ; you must confess , that it is a necessarie sequele out of their Rule of faith , that in all other Congregations they may piously and safely believe all those Tenets , and be still true Children of the Reformation . Ismael . J confess if they speake coherently and stand to their Principles , they may believe them safely ; but as J hate those blasphemous Tenets , I abhorr and detest also that Principle and Rule of faith of other Congregations , from which such Tenets are vnavoidable sequeles . Isaac . Good Ismael ; you forget what you have hitherto all along avowed , and you are quite astray from the Doctrin of the Reformation : you have often granted me , that our Rule of faith is Scripture , not as this or that Congregation , Doctor , or Church , but as each Person of sound judgment vnderstands it ; and now you tell me you hate and detest that Rule , because that out of it , there follow strange and blasphemous Tenets ? you say , the sense and interpretation of the primitive ages , Church and Fathers must be prefered before the interpretation of any privat Person or Congregation ; and what think you of our whole Reformation , and particularly of our 39. Articles of the Church of England , which allow no other Rule of faith but Scripture as each person of sound judgment vnderstands it ? what say you of Luther , Calvin , Beza , and the rest of our first Reformers , who preferred their own privat sense and interpretation of Scripture , before that of the whole Church ? what say you to the Presbyterians , who preferr their own sense and interpretation of the Bible , before that of the Church of England ? what say you of all the Congregations of the Reformed Church , each one of which , holds its sense and Doctrin of Scripture , different from all the rest ? I grant , there ought to be a respect for the judgment and interpretation of the Text , given by the Primitive Church and Fathers ; but if a Doctor , or man of sound judgment , replenisht with Gods Spirit , reades Scripture with an humble heart , and pure intention , and judges by it , that Bygamy is lawfull ; that there is no Mystery of three Persons in one Divin Nature ; that Christ despaired on the Cross , &c. tho these Doctrins be quite against the judgment of Fathers , Church , and Councils , he may believe them , and be still a true Reformed Child , because he follows our Rule of faith ; and if he must deny these Articles , because others decry them ; then he must go against his own judgement and conscience , for to conform himself to them , and his Rule of faith must not be scripture as each man of sound judgment vnderstands it ; but as the primitive Ages , Church , and Councils vnderstand it ; and this is Popery . Ismael . Prethy friend Jsaac , let 's give ouer : all that your discourse drives at , by what J can perceive , is either to beate me from the Reformation by shewing me the absurdity of its Rule of faith ; or oblige me to believe scandalous and blasphemous Tenets as necessary sequeles out of that Rule : I am à Child of the Reformation , and never will be otherwise . Isaac . The Lord , who is the Searcher of hearts , knows , you misconster my intentions : how can you say I intēd to beate you from the Reformation ; do not J insist and persuade you to stick fast to its Rule of faith , and acknowledge no other but Scripture , as you vnderstand it ? how can you say , J oblige you to believe fals and scandalous Tenets ? to the contrary , J advise you not to believe them , if you judge by scripture they are fals and scandalous : what my discourse drives at is , that you should not censure , blame , or call any Doctrin blasphemous , scandalous , fals , or heretical ( Popery excepted ) for , tho you judge by Scripture it is not true ; an other will judge it to be the true sense and Doctrin of the Text ; and if he does , he may with a safe conscience believe it , and ought not to be blamed by you or any other for believing it ; if you do not like that Doctrin , do not believe it ; but let the other believe as he judges by Scripture he may , and let every tub stand on its own bottom . Ismael . Once more I besech you give ouer ; J will not discourse any more with you . Isaac . Nay Deare Ismael , I see you are troubled , and I will not leaue you in that perplexitie : be pleased to listen to three points I will propose vnto you , and you 'l not miss to find satisfaction in either of them . Ismael . Let 's heare them . Isaac . Will you believe Scripture , as it is interpreted , and in that sense which the Church , Councils , and Fathers propound vnto you ? Ismael . J will not be obliged to that ; for I may judge by Scripture that sense and interpretation of it , to be fals and erroneous ; and I will not be obliged to believe any thing against my judgment and conscience ; that is Popery . Isaac . That 's well , in so much you follow the footsteps of Luther , Calvin , and our other fist Reformers , who would not believe what the Church believed in their tyme , nor regarded not , what the Papists alleadged out of the Councils and Fathers against them ; because they held themselves obliged to believe Scripture as they vnderstood it , and not as it was vndestood by others : Will you then believe Scripture in that sense and interpretation which yourself judges to be true , tho the Church , Councils , and all other Congregations , judge it to be fals and erroneous ; and give the like libertie to all others ? Ismael . That 's dangerous ; for it would follow , that any man might believe without check or blame , the greatest blasphemies imaginable , if he judges them to be the sense of the Text. Isaac . Why then , since that the first does not please you , for feare of constraining your judgment Papist-like ; and the second displeases you , for the scope it gives for to believe any thing , or nothing ; your best way will be to lay Scripture asyde , wheras Christ has forgot , or neglected to appoint vs som assured means for to know , what sense of it he would have vs believe . Ismael . And what Religion shall J profess , if J lay Scripture asyde ? Isaac . The same which now you have by Scripture ; that 's to say , whatever you judge to be the true Worship of God : be sure to profess a reverence for Scripture , and seem to believe its the Word of God ; least you may scandalize weake Brethren ; pretend allwaies that your sentiments are grounded vpon the Text ; but betwixt you and God , believe whatever you think to be true , worship God , as you-judge he is to be worshipt , and that 's the way to liue in peace : do you think but that those Noble Spirits , which they call the Wits of England , have a good Religion ? in publick they speake reverently of the Bible , but we know what they have , and do declare in their privat discourses , that it s but a Romance or meer fiction : Do you think but that there was a Religion in England before it saw Gregori's Emissaries , Austin and his Monks ? what need therefore of a Bible for to have Religion ? Were not the Swinfeldians a religious Congregation and of the Reformation to , yet they cared not for Scripture , but grounded their belief vpon Gods inspiration and inward speech to the heart ? Ismael . If I were not well acquainted with you , and had not very convincing proofes , and signal testimonies of your pietie , solid Religiosity , and Christianity , I would judge you by this last peece of your discourse , to be an impious Atheist or Pagan : and J wonder that so good a Christian , as I know you to be , should speake so irrevently of the Bible , and so much in commendation of Paganism as you do : There was indeed a Religion in England before they knew what Scripture was ; but that Religion was Paganism , which Austin and his Companions happily banisht from our Land. Isaac . Happily ? do you call an exchange of Paganism for Popery ( introduced by Austin ) a Happiness ? is it not generally believed in our Reformation , and most strongly proved of late , by that incomparable Wit and Pen-man Doctor Stillingfleet , that Popery has as much of Idolatry , as Paganism : our land therefore had in Paganism , as good a Religion , as it received by Austin in Popery : does not this our noble Champion , and most of the Scribes of the Church of England teach , that Popery is a saving Religion , that we may be saued in the Church of Rome ? if Popery ( not withstanding it be Idolatrie , as they say ) be a saving Religion ; how can they deny but that Paganism is also a saving Religion ? what need had our Forefathers therefore to abandon Paganism ? why was it not left in the land ? Ismael . Whatever may be said of Popery , it cannot be denied , but that Christianity is better than Paganism : the expulsion therefore of Paganism by Austin was a Happiness , because by it Christianity was introduced , and establisht in our Kingdom . Isaac . Alas Ismael , if England had bin as well informed of the merit of Paganism , when first Christianity was preached , it had never exchanged the one for the other . Ismael . What , not Paganism , which adored a Multitude of Gods , for Christianity which adores but one ? Not Paganism , which adored Iupiter , Saturn , Venus , &c. who were Deuils and Evil Spirits , or wicked Men , who caused themselves to be adored , for Christianity , which adores the onely true , immortal and eternal Deytie ? Isaac . You speake with the vulgar sort ; and believe as you have bin instructed by your Ancestors : I confess , the Apostles , and Ancient Doctors of Christianity do teach , that the Gods of the Gentils were Deuils or Euil Spirits ; I confess also , all the Christian World since the first preaching of the Ghospell , was so perswaded , grounded vpon Scripture , which in several places saies , the Gods of the Gentils were Deuds , grounded vpon the Doctrin of the Apostles , and their Successors the Fathers of the Church , and the World being perswaded by the Apostles , by the Doctors , Fathers , and Preachers of Christianity , that the Gods which the Pagans adored were but Deuils , which by sorceries , and marvelous works deceiued mankind , and made themselves to be adored as Gods , all men were ashamed to adore but Deuils , forsooke Paganism , and embraced Christianity . And all was but a meer Policy of Popery , to cast so much dirt and calumnie vpon Paganism , and make its Gods but Deuils , for to introduce and establish Christianity ; Dr. Stillingfleet in his Charge of Idolatry against the Chu●ch of Rome , Pag. 40. and 41. saies plainly , that the Pagans are charged with more than they were guilty of ; page 7. saies that Iupiter adored by the Pagans , was so farr from being an Arch-Devil , in the opinion of S. Paul , that he was the tru God , blessed for ever more : that the Pagans adored but one suprem and Omnipotent God , which they called Jupiter , and which they did believe to be neither a Devil , nor a Man , but a true , and the first and chiefest of the Gods ; and that the rest of the Gods , which they adored , they looked vpon them , as vpon Inferior Deyties , and gave them no other adoration , but such as the Papists give to their Saints . If therefore the Pagans adored the tru God under the name of Jupiter , and the other Gods but as inferior Deyties , as the Papists do their Saints ; was it not injustly don by the Ancient Fathers and Teachers of Christianity , to have imposed vpon the World , and made vs believe the Pagans adored but Devils and Evil Spirits ? have not the Pagans Ryght and justice on their syde , for to pleade before our wyse and religious Parliament , that Paganism may be restored , or at least tolerated , and Iupiter , with the rest of the Gods , may be adored , as formerly they were ; first because Paganism is no more Jdolatry than Popery , as Dr Stillinfleet , Mr Burnet and other Reformed Writers prove convincingly ; secondly , because that Paganism having bin banisht out of our Land vpon the fals information of our first Teachers , that it was an Adoration of Devils , or Evil Spirits , and wicked debaucht Men , who by counterfeited wonders , and cheate , gained the Peoples adoration ; since that Dr Stillingfleet , Mr. Burnet , and other Reformed Writers will make it out , that the Pagans adored no Devils , but One , tru Omnipotent , suprem God , blessed evermore , which they called Iupiter , and the rest of the Gods as inferior Deities , as Papists do their Saints ; and will prove that the Pagans were charged by the first DDrs of Christianity , and by all our Ancestors , with more than they were guilty of ; why should not Paganism be restored again to the Land , and heard to speake for itsselfe , and Dr Stillingfleet and his zealous companions be lycenc't to pleade for them , and for holy Iupiter , so fouly misrepresented by Antiquity , as to be believed an Arch-Devil , whom Dr. Stillingfleet will prove to have bin , a tru God blessed for ever more . Ismael . The more J discourse with you , the more J am perplexed in mind ; J bid you a Dieu , and do confess J carry with me from your discourse , a dislike of what I have bin hitherto , an vnsettlement in my perswasion , and a compassion of the poore Pagans , so vniustly banisht from our Nation , if what Dr Stillingfleet saies , be true : he is a learned , religious , and diligent searcher into Scripture ; the Ancient DDrs and Fathers of the Church reading Scripture , judged and taught , that Iupiter was a Devil , as well as the rest of the Gods which the Gentils ad●red ; Dr Stillingfleet and other Reformed DDrs reading Scripture judge he was no Devil , but the tru God , blessed for ever more ; any Child of the Reformation may believe either of both , and put Jupiter in our Litanies , as well as Jesus Christ , and offer Sacrifice to him as formerly our Ancestors did ; for whatever any man of sound judment judges to be the Doctrin of Scripture , may be safely believed , and is the D●ctrin of the Reformation : as for my part , I see our Wyse Parliament sits now vpon a new settlement of Gouvernment and Religion , and I will not resolve vpon any Religion , vntill I see what it concludes . If Dr Stillinfleet be so zealous , as to put in a good Word for Paganism before the Religious Assembly , he may find Abettors , and as the Parliament cherishes Dr Oates for the extirpation of Popery , so it may cherish Dr Stillingfleet for the introduction of Paganism , and the erecting of Temples and Altars for holy Iupiter , his tru and evermore blessed God ; and if he be successfull in this vndertaking , as for exchanging Presbytery for Protestancy , he was promoted to the Deanry of S. Pole , so by changing Christianity for Paganism , he may expect to be his Holy Iupiter's heigh Priest , in London Capitol , and reign with him everlastingly in the other life , in case he believes there is an other . FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A42139-e420 a Epist . ad Noremb . & in Comment . in 10.6 . & 16. Matt. b Theol. Calvin . l. 2. fol. 70. c in parva Confes cerm . fol. 55. & in Colloq . fol. 110. d To. ● . fol. 202. e The Kingdom of Isr . pag 9. f Acts & mon. pag 36. lib. 3. c. 5. g Catal. tes●ium pag. 976. & 978. Notes for div A42139-e1630 a l. 4 ▪ instit . c. 9 b To. 1. Edit . Ien. in Resolut . c lib. de serv . Ar bit . cont . Erasm . edit . 1. d In Colloq . Mensal . fol. 118. e To. 2. Wittem . fol. 374. & 375. f In Defens . Art. Reliq . Protest . pag. 199. g In his true Differ . par 2. pag 353. h Bouclier de la Foy ▪ Notes for div A42139-e2670 Matt. 12. Tim. 2. Io. 3. a In lib. ad Corin. c. 11. b In Explan . Art. 17. c To. 2. de Minist . Eccles . inst●t fol. 369 & lib. de Capt. Babyl . c. de Ordin . & lib. de abroganda Missa . d In Harm . in Math. c. 26 vers . 64. & i● admonad Polan . in Tract . Theolog. pag. 794. e Comm●nt . s● . per Ioanc . 10. f In Act. Serueti pag. 87. g l. cont . ●enebrar . h In Postil . Major . in e●arrat . Evang. Domin . Trinit . i lib. 2. Dial. 2. k Harm . in Evang. Mat c. 26 vers 39. &c. 27 vers . 46. & lib. 2. Instit . c. 16 sect . 10. & 1● . l In Luc. par . 2. hom . 65. & in Ioan. hom . 54. m In Math c. 26. n In Recogn . pag 376. o lib. 2. Inst . c. 16. fact . 10. & seq . p To. 3. W●ttemb . in sp . 16. q in ps . 16. r In Conses . majori de Coena Dn̄i . ſ To. 2. in respōs . ad Confess . Luth. fol. 458. t In Histor Sacram . par . ● . fol. 57. Notes for div A42139-e4010 a Dom 1. Adventus , & libr de Proph. Christi . b In Postill . super Evangel . Domi. 1. Advent . & Dom. 26. post Trinit . c Moriu●● to Good Works in the Ep●st . Dedic ▪ d lib. 3 ▪ Inst c. 4. sect . 28. e lib. 4. Inst . c. 7. sect . 2. f In loeis common classe 5 c. 27. g To. 2. Wittem . de capt . Babyl . fol. 74. h de Eccl. cont . Bellarm . cōf . 2. quaest 5 i Epist . 2 ▪ 2. & 25. k To. 5. wittem : serm . de Matrim . & in 1. ad Corint . 7. l Consil . Theol. par . 1 pag 648. & 134. m In Epist Paul. ad Phil. & in 1. ad Tim. 3. n lib. 2● Dial. 21. o lib. de Repud . & Divort. pag. 123. p Canon . ●enerales Geuuen . 1560. q Chap. 13. art . 31 : r To. 5. Wittem . serm . de Matrim . ſ To. 5. Wittemb . serm . de Matrim . t In Scriptis Anglic de Reg Chr. l. 2. c. 26. & in Math c. 19 u in Consil . Theol. par . 1 pag. 648● & 134. x Dial. 200. & 204 in Epist . s. Paul. ad Tim 3. y l. 4. Inst . c. 19. sect . 37. Discip . Eccl c. 13. z serm de Matrim . a lib. 4 Inst . c. 15. sect . 20. & 21. b Act. 27. c Can. 29. d lib. 2. Eccles . Polit. pag 103. e In Tim. c. 50. f In defens . Hoo keri art . 8 Notes for div A42139-e5240 a In Praefat . Dialog . b serm . de 50. Artic. in summa summarum . c In Harm super ●uc . c. 2. d Epito● . Cent. 16. par . 2. e Tom. 2. cont . Catabapt . fol. 10. f Victoria verit . a●g . 5. g In cap. 2. ad Gal. h de Eccles cont . Bella●m . Cont. 2. q. 4. i To. 5. Wittem . ●n 1554. & in Epist . ad Gal. c. 1. k In Apol . Cōf. c. de Concil . l In cap. 2. ad Gal. & serm . Angl : pag 204. m In Epist . ad Gal c. 1. & 2. & Tom. 5. W●ttemb . an . 1554. soi . 29. n lib. 5. de Eccl. Polit. sect . 72. o Pag. 495. & ●73 . p Acts. and Mon ▪ pag. 514 q lib. 2 ▪ Inst . c 17● sect . 6. r In Cōment . in cap. 2. ad Gal. ſ To. 1. Proposit . 3. t lib. 2. instit . c. 7. sect . 5. u Harm . Evang. in Luc. c. 10. vers . 26. x In Synop . Papismi pag 564. y lib. de servo . Arbit cont . Erasm . z lib. 3● . Instit . c. 21. sect . 5. & 7 ! &c. 22. sect . 11. & cap. 23. sect . 1. a Lib. 2. inst . c. 4 sec . 3 & l. 1. c. 18 sect . z & l. 3 c. z3 sec . 4. Lo. 1 de deprovid . c. 6. in Synops . pag. 563. In manifest . stratag . Papist . Notes for div A42139-e6980 l. 4. Inst . c. 7. sect . 27. a In Defens . &c. pag. 373.70 . and 395. b In Respons t●edecem Propos . c in Epist . ad Card. Belay Episo . Pariens . d In Tract , Euchar. ad P. Sermondum e In ●not . supe● Nouum Testam . cap 10. Matth. & soepe alibi . f To. 1. Edit . Ie●ae . l , de Capt. Babyl . Westph . defens 2. Orthod . ●it . g Admonit . 2. ad h Lib. de Coena Domini . i lib. de capt . Babyl . c. de Euchar. k Epist ad Bohemos in declarat . Euch. & in serm● de Euch. l in Concil . Theol. ad Mareh . Elect. de vsu vtriusque speciei pag. 141. Notes for div A42139-e8290 a In Disput . Theol . pag. 301. b in Conciliat loc . Scrip. loco . 191. c In locis Cōmun . To. 1. de Potest . Eccl. d in Apol. Confes . Aug. art 13. & l.b. 1. Epist . pag. 234. e In cap. 5. Epist . lac . v. 4. f lib. 4. I●st . c. 14. sect . 5. g In modest . Exami● . h in Eccl ▪ Polit. l. 5. sect . 66. i In locis Cōmun . tit . de Numero . Sacram ! k in perpet . R●gim . pag. 109. l In Eccl. Pol●t lib. 5. sect 77. m lib. 4. Inst . c. 29. n Epit. Colloq . Mōtisbel . o In Centur . Exercit . Theol. pag. 270. p Exam. par . 4. q in respons . ad acta Colloq Montisbelgar . par . 2. in Praefat. r In locis cōmun c. 18. & 19. ſ ●n script . Angl. pag. 450. t To. 1. in Explan . Art. 90. & Art. 60. u in Apolog . Confes . Aug. x To. 1● Wittem . in resol . de Indul. concl . 15. y Epist ad Spalat . z Acts. and Mon. pag. 46● . & 1312. a To. 2. Germ ▪ fol. 214. b de formula ●issa & To. 3. Germ. c in hiftor . Sacram . par . 2. fol. 13. d In replica cōt . Hardingum .