Distant Reader - subject-confectionery-gutenberg

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-06-03 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader gutenberg process, and the input was the result of a query applied to a local mirror of Project Gutenberg -- facet_subject:"Confectionery". Then, for future reference, the results were saved to a Zip file complete with rudimentary bibliographics. The name of the file is input-file.zip. The Zip file was then unpacked and the contents saved to a cache as well as a directory of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 11 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 279,417 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 25,401 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 84. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

sugar, one, water, put, boil, chocolate, two, will, half, cream, little, add, make, take, candy, cold, syrup, pan, well, pound, cut, fire, butter, let, may, stir, cupful, made, pour, small, three, fondant, white, vanilla, milk, cup, set, place, paste, dry, use, eggs, beat, time, much, fine, ball, must, till, jelly

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Candy-Making at Home Two hundred ways to make candy with home flavors and professional finish, How to Make Candy A Complete Hand Book for Making All Kinds of Candy, Ice Cream, Syrups, Essences, Etc., Etc., and Chocolate and Cocoa Recipes and Home Made Candy Recipes.

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

cold water, half cupful, one cupful, add one, soft ball, powdered sugar, next day, one pound, granulated sugar, two cupfuls, buttered pan, boiling water, one teaspoonful, brown sugar, white sugar, take two, hard ball, ball stage, corn syrup, small pieces, two pounds, two ounces, one quart, hot water, pints water, waxed paper, moderate oven, inch thick, two eggs, one tablespoonful, two hundred, melted chocolate, two tablespoonfuls, one ounce, add two, potato fondant, walter baker, little water, nut meats, sharp knife, well together, maple sugar, will make, baker co, ten minutes, loaf sugar, slow fire, fine sugar, chocolate fondant, chocolate creams

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Candy-Making at Home Two hundred ways to make candy with home flavors and professional finish A Little Candy Book for a Little Girl, and Chocolate and Cocoa Recipes and Home Made Candy Recipes.

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

sugar, chocolate, water, pound, illustration, candy, jelly, half, fudge, cream, butter, walter, vegetable, vanilla, syrup, stuyvesant, stir, south, riveredge, reade, raulsbury, premium, potato, porter, pike, old, mrs., mr., miss, mammy, lbs, king, jean, james, jabe, hadyn, fruit, frank, fondant, flavoring, eleanor, day, cupful, crack, cook, constance, come, color, cocoa, co.

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be sugar, and Mrs. Mary Eales''s receipts. (1733) is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

sugar, water, cream, candy, pan, half, fire, syrup, chocolate, cupful, butter, cup, milk, pound, fondant, vanilla, eggs, time, pounds, paste, flour, day, ball, paper, teaspoonful, mixture, squares, place, pieces, color, pint, corn, minutes, lbs, mother, drops, way, flavor, ounces, nuts, cups, saucepan, knife, candies, juice, top, lemon, tartar, slab, inch

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, put, are, was, add, make, have, take, boil, let, cut, made, pour, had, do, stir, set, been, has, beat, used, were, mix, use, cover, dry, give, lay, done, keep, remove, turn, buttered, added, boiling, beaten, roll, place, granulated, melted, bake, stand, being, come, boiled, making, ''s, know, get

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

_, sugar, chocolate, betsey, mammy, cream, water, jelly, jean, pound, boil, constance, yo, nut, fudge, carruth, orange, baker, mrs., cocoanut, syrup, white, fruit, eleanor, vanilla, candy, mr., fondant, butter, cakes, brown, paste, miss, creams, dat, walnut, lemon, pan, maple, almond, stove, baltie, cocoa, de, caramels, glucose, almonds, juice, riveredge, stuyvesant

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, them, you, i, she, her, they, your, he, his, their, we, me, him, my, its, our, herself, us, itself, one, ''em, themselves, myself, himself, yourself, em, yours, yo, mine, ''s, ourselves, hers, ours, wo''k, shou''d, n.b.--the, lozenges.--fine, ice.--this, i''m, five!--four

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

little, cold, small, other, white, large, hot, good, same, fine, thick, more, cool, few, old, soft, thin, much, hard, next, dry, powdered, many, ready, warm, long, best, smooth, green, sweet, sufficient, clear, red, different, possible, fresh, light, stiff, strong, first, better, whole, great, such, yellow, brown, new, spoonful, full, enough

then, not, very, out, well, up, so, as, n''t, off, in, together, now, just, too, about, again, only, more, enough, quite, much, also, down, all, over, carefully, first, soon, quickly, most, gradually, easily, never, before, nearly, thoroughly, on, even, almost, once, back, away, here, always, long, however, there, often, slowly

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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