Distant Reader - subject-crime-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 29 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 230,039 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 7,932 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 89. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

haue, one, will, vp, vpon, man, like, men, yet, text, tcp, hee, two, now, house, good, made, time, many, make, shall, english, money, first, onely, downe, may, great, therefore, eebo, neuer, come, early, much, london, found, away, another, horse, set, take, called, doe, hand, last, owne, day, put, tei, well

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are The seuen deadly sinnes of London drawne in seuen seuerall coaches, through the seuen seuerall gates of the citie bringing the plague with them. Opus septem dierum. Tho: Dekker., O per se O. Or A new cryer of Lanthorne and candle-light Being an addition, or lengthening, of the Bell-mans second night-walke. In which, are discouered those villanies, which the bell-man (because hee went i''th darke) could not see: now laid open to the world. Together with the shooting through the arme, vsed by counterfeit souldiers: the making of the great soare, (commonly called the great cleyme:) the mad-mens markes: their phrase of begging: the articles and oathes giuen to the fraternitie of roagues, vagabonds, and sturdy beggers at their meetings. And last of all, a new canting-song., and The belman of London Bringing to light the most notorious villanies that are now practised in the kingdome. Profitable for gentlemen, lawyers, merchants, citizens, farmers, masters of housholdes, and all sorts of seruants to mark, and delightfull for all men to reade..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

english books, early english, books online, found guilty, creation partnership, text creation, page images, early works, characters represented, tcp schema, represented either, image sets, true narrative, proquest page, markup reviewed, xml conversion, encoded text, encoded edition, iv tiff, work described, batch review, pfs batch, online text, image set, asking permission, text transcribed, institutions providing, providing financial, images scanned, tiff page, tcp assigned, financial support, commercial purposes, bit group, creative commons, without asking, tcp phase, general aim, meet qa, external keying, tcp texts, mnemonic sdata, displayable xml, characters will, strings within, remaining illegibles, encoding initiative, text strings, sdata character, one copy

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are The true narrative of the proceedings at the Assizes holden at Kingstone-upon-Thames, for the county of Surry Which began on Monday the 7th of this instant March, and ended on Thursday the 10th following. Giving an account of the most remarkable trials there, viz. for murder, felonies and burglaries, &c. with a particular relation to their names, and the places of their committing their facts, with the number of those condemned to die, burn''d in the hand, transported, and to be whipt. But more particular of the trial and condemnation of Margaret Osgood of the parish of St. Olives Southwark, for the horrid murther of her husband, on the 21th of July last, for which horrid fact she was found guilty of treason and murther. The Confession of the four high-way-men as it was written by one of them and allowed by the rest the 14th of this instant April (being the day before their appointed execution ), viz. John Williams, alias Tho. Matchet, Francis Jackson, alias Dixie, John White, alias Fowler, Walter Parkhurst., and The true narrative of the proceedings at the Sessions-House in the Old-Bayly which began on Wednesday the 13th of this instant April and ended on Thursday the 14th following Giving an account of most of the remarkable trials there, viz. for murder fellonies and burglaries, &c. with a particular relation of their names, and the places of their committing their facts, with the number of those condemned to die, burn''d in the hand, transported and to be whipt. But more especially of the trial and condemnation of that notorious highway-man Randolph Poulson, and John Francis Dickison for high-treason, who received sentence to be hang''d drawn and quartered, and Ann Price for murther.

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

tcp, early, haue, tei, hath, good, london, house, gentleman, english, vpon, time, prisoner, like, hee, man, maister, law, iade, horse, hell, god, ferret, evidence, england, downe, bel, woman, vpright, vincent, thy, thou, thee, taker, stephen, rogue, purse, pouerty, parliament, murther, money, midwife, lord, lawes, land, kate, hée, high, great, foyst

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be haue, and A full and true account of the proceedings at the sessions of oyer and terminer, holden for the city of London, county of Middlesex, and goal-delivery of Newgate; which began at the Sessions-House in the Old-Bayly, on Wednesday, April 26. and ended on Fryday, April 28, 1682 Where were many remarkable proceedings, but more especially the tryal of James Boucher, and Walter Archer, for killing the bayliff of Westminster. As also, in relation to the person accused for getting his daughter with child: together, with the names of those that received sentence of death, the number of those burn''d in the hand, transported, and vvhip''d. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

man, men, time, house, money, text, hee, day, hand, horse, works, vpon, texts, world, nothing, characters, none, way, others, books, night, life, people, selfe, part, number, xml, place, images, themselues, head, name, ▪, work, hands, end, death, company, page, hée, rest, image, wife, woman, edition, euery, thing, reason, keying, eebo

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, was, be, are, were, had, being, made, haue, make, have, did, come, found, called, take, been, put, came, set, neuer, do, let, brought, went, say, encoded, taken, said, stealing, sent, done, comes, know, hath, hauing, bee, stand, get, based, see, indicted, according, lay, began, left, giue, published, does, carried

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

〉, tcp, haue, ●, vp, ◊, 〈, thou, london, hée, downe, hath, england, english, hee, text, god, law, eebo, tei, gentleman, doe, oxford, owne, y, c., court, house, partnership, proquest, phase, creation, mans, prisoner, bee, sessions, hell, euery, al, lord, online, man, fiue, city, poore, utf-8, unicode, transcribed, p5, ncbel

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

his, they, he, their, it, him, them, her, i, you, she, my, your, our, me, we, thy, vp, thee, himself, themselves, us, mine, its, theirs, one, yours, ours, hers, s, herself, hee, gods, yncke, ye, wr, whip''d, vnto, tillthey, thīselues, thereabou, o, hel, habē, enge, em, ee, 400li

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, such, good, many, great, more, first, last, guilty, early, much, several, full, true, little, old, english, same, common, haue, new, most, own, best, available, honest, whole, second, next, strange, young, open, ready, better, least, able, long, rich, general, very, illegible, high, greater, small, large, worth, light, former, dead, sure

not, so, then, now, out, more, thus, therefore, onely, there, away, as, in, very, well, yet, together, most, off, too, much, also, forth, early, rather, vpon, here, no, likewise, first, only, still, sometimes, long, presently, else, before, online, up, abroad, commonly, on, about, once, all, afterwards, never, almost, over, sooner

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

Thank you for using the Distant Reader.