O per se O. Or A new cryer of Lanthorne and candle-light Being an addition, or lengthening, of the Bell-mans second night-walke. In which, are discouered those villanies, which the bell-man (because hee went i'th darke) could not see: now laid open to the world. Together with the shooting through the arme, vsed by counterfeit souldiers: the making of the great soare, (commonly called the great cleyme:) the mad-mens markes: their phrase of begging: the articles and oathes giuen to the fraternitie of roagues, vagabonds, and sturdy beggers at their meetings. And last of all, a new canting-song. Lanthorne and candle-light Dekker, Thomas, ca. 1572-1632. 1616 Approx. 223 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 56 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2008-09 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A20047 STC 6487 ESTC S109511 99845158 99845158 10043 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A20047) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 10043) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 880:20) O per se O. Or A new cryer of Lanthorne and candle-light Being an addition, or lengthening, of the Bell-mans second night-walke. In which, are discouered those villanies, which the bell-man (because hee went i'th darke) could not see: now laid open to the world. Together with the shooting through the arme, vsed by counterfeit souldiers: the making of the great soare, (commonly called the great cleyme:) the mad-mens markes: their phrase of begging: the articles and oathes giuen to the fraternitie of roagues, vagabonds, and sturdy beggers at their meetings. And last of all, a new canting-song. Lanthorne and candle-light Dekker, Thomas, ca. 1572-1632. [110] p. [By Thomas Snodham] for Iohn Busbie, and are to be sould at his shop in S. Dunstans Church-yard in Fleete-street, Printed at London : 1612. By Thomas Dekker. An expansion of "Lanthorne and candle-light", in turn a continuation of "The belman of London". With a title-page woodcut. Printer's name from STC. Signatures: A-O⁴ (-O4). "O per se O" has separate dated title page; register is continuous. Reproduction of the original in the British Library. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. 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Cant -- Early works to 1800. 2006-01 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2006-03 Apex CoVantage Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2007-03 Ali Jakobson Sampled and proofread 2007-03 Ali Jakobson Text and markup reviewed and edited 2008-02 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion O per se O. OR A new Cryer of Lanthorne and Candle-light . Being an Addition , or Lengthening , of the Bell-mans Second Night-walke . In which , are Discouered those Villanies , which the Bell-man ( because hee went i' th darke ) could not see : now laid open to the world . Together With the shooting through the arme vsed by counterfeit Souldiers : The making of the great Soare , ( commonly called The great Cleyme : ) The Mad-mens markes : Their phrase of Begging : The Articles and Oathes giuen to the Fraternitie of Roagues , Vagabonds , and sturdy Beggers at their Meetings . And last of all , A new Canting-Song . Printed at London for Iohn Busbie , and are to be sould at his shop in S. Dunstans Church-yard in Fleete-street . 1612. To my owne Nation . Readers , AFter it was proclaymed abroad , that ( vnder the conduct of the Bel-man of London ) new Forces were ( once more ) to be leauied against certaine Wilde and barbarous Rebels , that were vp in armes against the tranquilitie of the Weale-publicke : It cannot be told what numbers of voluntaries offred themselues daily to fight against so common , so bold , so strange , and so dangerous an enemie . Light horse men came in hourely with discouery where these Mutiners lay intrenched : deliuering ( in briefe notes of intelligence ) who were their Leaders , how they went armed , and that they serued both on horse and foote : onely their Strengths could not be discried , because their Numbers were held infinite . Yet instructions were written , and sent euery minute by those that were fauourers of Goodnesse , shewing what militarie discipline the Foe vsed in his battailes , and what Forts ( if he were put at any time to flight ) he would retire to ; what stratagems he would practise , and where he did determine to lye in Ambuscado . They that could not serue in person , in this Noble quarrell , sent their Auxiliary Forces , well armed with Counsell . So that the Bel-man ( contrary to his hopes ) seeing himselfe so strongly and strangely seconded by friends , doth now brauely aduance forward , in maine battalion . The day of encounter is appointed to be in this Michaelmas Tearme : the place , Paules Church-yard , Fleetstreete , and other parts of the Citie . But before they ioyne let me giue you note of one thing , and that is this . There is an Vsurper , that of late hath taken vpon him the name of the Bel-man , but being not able to maintaine that title , hee doth now call himselfe the Bel-mans brother , his ambition is ( rather out of vaine-glory then the true courage of an experienced Souldier ) to haue the leading of the Van , but it shall be honor good enough for him ( if not too good ) to come vp with the Rere . You shall know him by his Habiliments , for ( by the furniture he weares ) he will be taken for a Beadle of Bridewell . It is thought he is rather a Nevvter then a friend to the cause : and therefore the Bel-man doth here openly protest that hee comes into the field as no fellow in armes with Him. Howsoeuer it be strucke , or whosoeuer giues the first blow , the victorie depends vpon the valour of you that are the Wings to the Bel-mans army , for which conquest he is in hope you will valiantly fight , sithence the quarrell is against the head of monstrous abuses , and the blowes which you must giue are in defence of Law , Iustice , Order , Ceremonie , Religion , Peace , and that honourable title of Goodnesse . Saint George ▪ I see the two Armies moue forward : and behold , the Bel-man himselfe first chargeth vpon the face of the Enemy , Thus : A Table of all the matters that are contained in this Booke . Chap. 1. Of Canting . Chap. 2. 1 What matters were tryed at a Tearme that was in Hell. 2 The proceedings of that Court. 3 A Counsell held in Hell about the Bel-man . 4 A messenger sent from thence with instructions . Chap. 3. Of Gull-groping . How Gentlemen are cheated at Ordinaries . To furnish which feast , these Guests are bidden , viz. The Leaders . The Forlorne Hope . The Eagle . The Wood-pecker . The Gull. The Gull-groper . Chap. 4. Of Ferreting . How Gentlemen are vndone by taking vp commodities . Which Tragedy hath these fiue Acts , viz. A Tumbler . Pursenets . A Ferret . Rabbet-suckers . A Warren . Chap. 5. Of Hawking . How to catch Birds by the Booke . Which is done with these fiue Nets , viz. A Falconer . A Lure . A Tercell-Gentle . A Bird. A Mongril . Chap. 6. Of Iackes of the Clocke-house . Chap. 7. Of Ranckeriders . How Inne-keepers and Hackney men are sadled . To make whom goe a round pace , you must haue A Colt. A Snaffle . A Ring . Prouander . Chap. 8. Of Moone-men . Chap. 9. The infection of the Suburbs . Chap. 10. Of Iynglers . The villanie of Horse-coursers . Who consists of — Iynglers . Drouers . Goades . skip-iackes . Chap. 11. Of Iack in a Boxe , or a new kind of cheating , teaching how to change gold into siluer : vnto which is added a Map , by which a man may learne to trauell all ouer England , and haue his charges borne . Chap. 12. The Bell mans second Nights walke , in which hee meetes with a number of Monsters that liue in darkenesse . Lanthorne and Candle-light . OR The Bel-mans second nights walke . Of Canting . How long it hath beene a language : how it comes to be a language : how it is deriued : and by whom it is spoken . CHAP. 1. WHen all the World was but one Kingdome , all the people in that Kingdome spake but one Language . A man could trauell in those dayes neyther by Sea nor Land , but he met his Countreymen , & none others . Two could not then stand gabling with strange tongues , and conspire together ( to his owne face ) how to cut a third mans throate , but he might vnderstand them . There was no Spaniard ( in that age ) to braue his enemie in the rich and loftie Castilian : no Romaine Orator to plead in the Rethoricall and Fluent Latine : no Italian to court his Mistressa in the sweet and amorous Tuscane : no French-man to parley in the full and stately phrase of Orleans no Germaine to thunder out the high and ratling Dutch : the vnfruitfull crabbed Irish , and the voluble significant Welch , were not then so much as spoken of : the quicke Scottish Dialect ( sister to the English ) had not then a tongue , neyther were the strings of the English speech ( in those times ) vntyed . When she first learned to speake , it was but a broken language : the singlest and the simplest words flowed from her vtterance ; for she dealt in nothing but in Monosillables , ( as if to haue spoken words of greater length would haue crackt her voyce ) by which meanes her Eloquence was ●●rest yet hardest to learne , and so ( but for necessitie ) not regarded amongst Strangers . Yet afterwards those noblest languages lent her words and phrases , and turning those Borrowings into Good husbandry , shée is now as rich in Elocution , and as abundant , as her prowdest and best-stored neighbours . Whilst thus ( as I said before ) there was but one Alphabet of Letters for all the world to read by : all the people that then liued , might haue wrought vpon one piece of worke in countries farre distant a sunder , without mistaking one another , and not néeding an Interpreter to run betwéene them . Which thing Nymrod ( the first Idolater ) perceiuing , and not knowing better how to imploy so many thousand millions of Subiects as bowed before him : a fire of Ambition burned within him , to climbe vp so high that he might sée what was done in heauen . And for that purpose , work-men were summoned from all the corners of the Earth , who presently were set to build the tower of Babell . But the Maister-workman of this great Vniuerse , ( to checke the insolence of such a sawcie builder ) that durst raise vp pinnacles equall to his owne ( aboue ) commanded the selfe-same Spirit , that was both bred in the Chaos , and had maintained it in disorder , to be both Surueyor of those workes , and Comptroller of the Labourers . This Messenger was called Confusion . It was a Spirit swift of sight , & faithfull of seruice . Her lookes wilde , serrible and inconstant : her attire carelesly loose , and of a thousand seuerall colours . In one hand shée grip'd an heape of stormes , with which ( at her pleasure ) she could trouble the waters : in the other she held a whip , to make thrée Spirits that drew her to gallop fast before her : the Spirits names were Treason , Sedition ; and Warre , who at euery time when they went abroad ; were ready to see Kingdomes in an vproare . She roade vpon a Chariot of clowdes , which was alwayes furnished with Thunder , Lightning , Windes , Raine , Haile-stones , Snow , and all the other Artillerie belonging to the seruice of Diuine Vengeance : and when she spake , her voyce founded like the roaring of many Torrents ; voysterously strugling together , for betwéene her iawes did she carry 1000000 tongues . This strange Linguist stepping to euery artificer that was there at worke , whispered in his eare : whose lookes were there-vpon ( presently ) 〈◊〉 with a strange distraction : and on a sodaine , whilst euery man was speaking to his fellow , his language altered , and no man could vnderstand what his fellow spake . They all stared one vpon another , yet none of them all could tell wherefore , so they stared . Their tongues went , and their hands gaue action to their tongues , yet neyther words nor action were vnderstood . It was a noise of a thousand sounds , and yet the sound of the noise was nothing . Hée that spake knew hée spake well : and hée that heard , was madde that the other could speake no better . In the end they grew angry one with another , as thinking they had mocked one another of purpose : so that the Mason was ready to strike the Bricklayer , the Bricklayer to beate out the braines of his Labourer : the Carpenter tooke vp his Are to throw at the Caruer , whilst the Caruer was stabbing at the Smith , because he brought him an Hammer , when hée should haue made him a Chizzell : He that called for Timber had stones laid before him : and when one was sent for Nayles , hée fetcht a Tray of Morter . Thus Babel should haue béene raized , and by this meanes Babell fell . The Frame could not goe forward , the stuffe was throwne by , the worke-men made holy-day . Euery one packd vp his Tooles to be gone , yet not to goe the same way that he came , but glad was hée , that could méete another whose speech hée vnderstood : for to what place soeuer hee went , others ( that ran madding vp and downe ) hearing a man speak like themselues , followed onely him : so that they who when the worke began were all Countrey-men , before a quarter of it was finished , fled from one another , s from enemies and strangers . And in this manner did men at the first make vp nations : thus were words coyned into Languages , & out of those Languages haue others béene molded since , onely by the mixture of nations after Kingdomes haue béene subdued . But I am now to speake of a People and a Language , of both which ( many thousands of yéeres since that Wonder wrought at Babell ) the world till now neuer made mention : yet confusion neuer dwelt more amongst any Creatures . The Bell-man ( in his first Voyage which he made for Discoueries ) found them to be sauages , yet liuing in an Iland very temperate , fruitfull , full of a noble Nation , rarely gouerned . The Lawes , manners , and habits of these Wild-men are plainly set downe , as it were in a former painted Table . Yet least happily a stranger may looke vpon this second Picture of them , who neuer beheld The first . it shall not be a misse ( in this place ) to repeate ouer againe , the Names of all the Tribes , into which they Diu●de themselues , both when they Serue abroad in the open fields , and when they lye in garrison within Townes & walled Cities . And these are their Ranckes , as they stand in order , viz. RVfflers . Vpright-men . Hookers , alias Anglers . Roagues . Wilde Roagues . Priggers of Prancers . Pallyards . Fraters . Prigges . Swadders . Curtals . Irish Toyles . Swigmen . Iarkmen . Patri-coes . Kitchin-Coes . Abraham-men , Mad Tom , alias of Bedlam . Whip-Iackes . Counterfet Crankes . Dommerats . Glymmerers . Bawdy-Baskets . Autem Morts . Doxies . Dells . Kinchin-Morts . Into thus many Regiments are they now deuided : but in former times ( aboue foure hundred yeares now past ) they did consist of fiue Squadrons onely . viz. 1 Cursitors , alias Vagabondes . 2 Faytors . 3 Robardsemen . 4 Draw-latches . 5 Sturdy Beggars . And as these people are strange both in names and in their conditions , so doe they speake a Language ( proper only to thēselues ) called canting , which is more strange . By none but the souldiers of These tottred bandes , is it familiarly or vsually spoken , yet within lesse then foure-score yeares ( now past ) not a word of this language was knowen . The first Inuentor of it , was hang'd , yet left he apt schollers behind him , who haue reduced that into Methode , which he on his death-bed ( which was a paire of gallowes ) could not so absolutely perfect as he desired . It was necessary , that a people ( so fast increasing , & so daity practising new & strange Villanies , should borrow to themselues a spéech , which ( so néere as they could ) none but themselues should vnderstand : & for that cause was this Language , ( which some call Pedlers French ) Inuented , to th' intent that ( albeit any Spies should secretly steale into their companies to discouer them ) they might fréely vtter their mindes one to another , yet auoide the danger . The language therefore of canting , they study euen from their Infancy , that is to say , from the very first houre , that they take vpón them the names of Kinchin Coes , till they are growne Rufflers , or Vpright-men , which are the highest in degrée amongst thē . This word canting séemes to be deriued from the latine verbe ( canto ) which signifies in English , to sing , or to make a sound with words , that is to say , to speake . And very aptly may canting take his deriuation a cantando , from singing , because amongst these beggerly consorts that can play vpon no better instruments , the language of canting is a king of musicke , and hée that in such assemblies can cant best , is counted the best Musitian . Now as touching the Dialect or phrase it selfe , I sée not that it is grounded vpon any certaine rules ; And no meruaile if it haue none , for sithence both the Father of this new kinde of Learning , and the children that study to speake it after him , haue béene from the beginning and stil are the Breeders and Norishers of al base disorder , in their liuing and in their Manners : how is it possible , they should obserue any Method in their spéech , and especialy in such a Language , as serues but onely to vtter discourses of villanies ? And yet ( euen out of all that Irregularity , vnhansomnesse , and fountaine of Barbarisme ) doe they draw a kinde of forme : and in some wordes , ( aswell simple as compounds ) retaine a certaine salte , tasting of some wit , and some Learning . As for example , they call a cloake ( in the canting tongue ) a Togeman , and in Latin , Toga signifies a gowne , or an vpper garment . Pannam is bread : & Panis in Lattin is likewise bread , cassan is chéese , and is a word barbarously coynde out of the substantiue caseus , which also signifies chéese . And so of others . Then by ioyning of two simples , doe they make almost all their compounds . As for example : Nab ( in the canting tongue ) is a head , and Nab-cheate , is a hat , or a cap : Which word cheate , being coupled to other wordes , stands in very good stead , and does excellent seruice : For a Smelling cheate , signifies a Nose : a Prat-ling cheate , is a tongue Crashing cheates , are téeth : Hearing . cheates are Eares : Fambles are Hands : and there vpon a ring is called a Fambling chete . A Muffling chete , signifies a Napkin . A Belly chete , an Apron : A Grunting chete , A Pig : A Cackling Chete , a Cocke or a Capon : A Quacking chete , a ducke : A Lowghing chete , a Cow : A Bleating chete , a Calfe , or a Shéepe : and so may that word be marryed to many others besides . The word Coue , or Cofe , or Cuffin , signifies a Man , a Fellow , &c. But differs something in his propertie , according as it méetes with other wordes : For a Gentleman is called a Gentry Coue , or Cofe : A good fellow is a Bene Cofe : a Churle is called , a Quier Cuffin ; Quier signifies naught , and Cuffin ( as I said before ) a man : and in Canting they terme a Iustice of peace , ( because hée punisheth them belike ) by no other name then by Quier cuffin , that is to say , a Churle , or a naughty man. And so , Ken signifing a house , they call a prison , a Quire Ken , that is to say , an ill hous . Many péeces of this strange coyne could I shew you , but by these small stampes , you may iudge of the greater . Now because , a Language is nothing els , then heapes of wordes , orderly wouen and composed together : and that ( within so narrow a circle as I haue drawne to my selfe ) it is impossible to imprint a Dictionarie of all the Canting phrases : I will at this time not make you surfet on too much , but as if you were walking in a Garden , you shall openly plurke here a flower , and there another , which ( as I take it ) will bemore delightfull then if you gathered them by handfulls . But before I lead you into that walke , stay and heare a Canter in his owne language , making Rithmes , albeit ( I thinke ) those tharmes of Poesie which ( at the first ) made the barbarous tame , and brought them ciuillity , can ( vpon these sauage Monsters ) worke no such wonder . Yet thus hée sing● ( vpon demaund whether any of his owne crue did come that way ) to which hée answers , yes ( quoth he . ) Canting rithmes . ENough with bowsy Coue maund Nace , Tour the Patring Coue in the Darkeman Case , Docked the Dell , for a Coper meke , His watch shall feng a Prounces Nab-chere , Cya●●m , by Salmon , and thou shalt pek my Iere , In thy Ga● , for my watch it is nace gere . For the beene bowse my watch hath a win , &c. This short Lesson I leaue to be constraued by him that is desirous to try his skill in the language , which he may use by helpe of the following Dictionary ; into which way that he may more readily come , I will translate into English , this broken French that followes in prose . Two Canters hauing wrangled a while about some idle quarrell at length growing friends , thus one of them speakes to the other . viz. A Canter in prose . STowe you beene Cofe ; and cut benar whiddes and bing wee to Rome vile , to nip a boung : so shall wee haue lowre for the bowsing ken , and when wee beng back to the Dewese a vile , wee will filch some Dudes , off the Ruffmans , or mill the Ken for a lagge of Dudes . Thus in English . Stowe you beene cofe : hold your peace good fellow , And cut bena● whiddes : and speake better words . And bing we to Romevile : and goe we to London . To nip a boung : to cut a purse . So shall we haue lowre : so shall we haue mony . For the bowsing Ken , for the Ale house . And when wee bing back : and when we come backe . To the Dewse-a-vile : into the Country . Wee will filch some dudes : we will filth some clothes , Off the Ruffmans : from the hedges , Or mill the Ken : or rob the house , For a lagge of Duddes : for a bucke of clothes , Now turne to your Dictionary . ANd because you shall not haue one dish twice set before you , none of those Canting wordes that are englished before , shal here be found : for our intent is to frast you with varietie . The Canters Dictionarie . AVtem , a church . Autem-mort , a married woman . Boung , a purse . Borde , a shilling . Halfe a Borde , six pence . Bowse , drinke . Bowsing Ken , an Ale-house . Bene , good . Beneship , very good : Bufe , a Dogge . Bing a wast , get you hence . Caster , a cloake . A Commission , a shirt . Chates , the Gallowes . To cly the Ierke , to be whipped . To cut , to speake . To cut bene , to speake gently . To cut bene whiddes , to speake good wordes , To cut quier whiddes , to giue euill language . To Cant , to speake . To couch a Hogshead , to lye downe a sléepe . Drawers , Hosen . Dudes , clothes . Darke mans , the night . Dewse-a-vile , the country , Dup the Giger , open the dore . Fambles , hands . Fambling Chete , a King. Flag , a Goat . Glasiers , eyes . Gan , a mouth . Gage , a Quart pot . Grannam , Corne. Gybe , a writing . Glymmer , fire . Gigger , a doore . Gentry Mort , a Gentlewoman . Gentry cofes Ken , a Noblemans house . Harman beck , a Constable . Harmans , the Stockes . Heaue a bough , rob a Booth . Iarke , a Seale . Ken , a House . Lage of Dudes , a Bucke of Clothes . Libbege , a Bed. Lowre , money . Lap , Butter , Milke , or Whay . Libkin , a House to lye in . Lage , Water . Light-mans , the day . Mynt , Golde . A Make , a Halfe-penny . Margery prater , a Henne . Mawnding , asking . To Mill , to steale . Mill a Ken , rob a house . Nosegent , a Nunne . Niggling , companying with a woman . Pratt , a Buttocke . Peck , meate . Poplars , Pottage . Prancer , a Horse . Prigging , Riding . Patrico , a Priest . Pad , a way . Quaromes , a body . Ruff-peck , Bacon . Roger , or Tib of the Buttry , a Goose . Rome-vile , London . Rome-bowse , Wine . Rome-mort , a Queane . Ruffmans , the woodes , or bushes . Ruffian , the Diuell . Stampes : legges . Stampers ? shooes . Slate : a shéete . Skew : a cup. Salomon : the masse . Stuling ken : a house to receiue stolne goods . Skipper : a barne . Strommel , straw . Smelling chete , an Orchard or Garden . To scowre the Cramp-ring : to weare boults . Stalling : making or ordeyning . Tryning : hanging . To twore : to sée . Wyn : a penny . Yarum : milke . And thus haue I builded vp a little Mint , where you may coyne wordes for your pleasure . The payment of this was a debt : for the Belman at his farewell ( in his first Round which hée walk'd ) promised so much . If hée kéepe not touch , by tendring the due Summe , he desires forbearance , and if any that is more rich in this Canting commodity will lend him any more , or any better , hée will pay his loue double : In the meane time , receiue this , and to giue it a little more weight , you shall haue a Canting song , wherein you may learne , how This cursed Generation pray , or ( to speake truth ) curse such Officers as punish them . A Canting song . THe Ruffin cly the nab of the Harman beck , If we mawnd Pannam , lap , or Ruff pecke , Or poplars of yarum : he cuts , bing to the Ruffmans , Or els he sweares by the light-mans , To put our stamps in the Harmans . The ruffian cly the ghost of the Harmanbeck , If we heaue a booth we cly the Ierke . If we niggle , or mill a bowsing Ken , Or nip a boung that has but a win , Or dup the giger of a Gentry cofes ken , To the quier cuffing we bing , And then to the quier Ken , to scowre the Cramp-ring , And then to the Trin'de on the chutes , in the lightmans The Bube & Ruffian cly the Harman beck & harmans . Thus Englished . THe Diuell take the Constables head , If we beg Bacon , Butter-milke or bread , Or Pottage , to the hedge he bids vs hie , Or sweares ( by this light ) i th stocks we shall lie . The Deuill haunt the Constables ghoast , If we rob but a Booth , we are whipt at a poast . If an Ale-house we rob , or be tane with a Whore , Or cut a purse that has iust a penny and no more , Or come but stealing in at a Gentlemans dore , To the Iustice straight we goe , And then to the Iayle to be shackled : And so , To be hangd on the gallowes i th day time : the pox And the Deuill take the Constable and his stocks . We haue Canted ( I feare ) too much , let vs now giue eare to the Bel-man , and heare what he speaks in english . THE BEL-MANS SECOND Nights walke . CHAP. II. IT was Terme time in hell ( for you must vnderstand , a Lawyer liues there aswell as héere : ) by which meanes don Lucifer ( being the iustice for that Countie , where the Brimstone mines are ) had better dooings and more rapping at his gates , then all the Doctors and unpericall Quack-saluers of ten Cities haue at theirs in a great plague time . The hall where these Termers were to try their causes , was very large and strongly built , but it had one fault , it was so hot that people could not indure to walk there : Yet to walke there they were compelled , by reason they were drawne thither vpon orcasions , and such iustling there was of one another , that it would haue grieued any man to be in the thronges amongst me . Nothing could be heard but noise , and nothing of that noise be vnderstood , but that it was a sound , as of men in a kingdome , when on a sodaine it is in an vprore . Euery one brabled with him that he walked with , or if hée did but tell his tale to his Councell , heè was so eager in the very deliuery of that tale , that you would haue sworne hée did brabble : and such gnashing of téeth there was when aduersaries met together , that the fyling of ten thousand Sawes cannot yéeld a sound more horrible . The Iudge of the Court had a diuelish countenance , and as cruell he was in punishingthose that were condemned by Lawe , as he was crabbed in his lookes , whilst he sat to heare their tryals . But albeit there was no pittie to be expected at his hands , yet was hée so vpright in iustice , that none could euer fasten bribe vpon him , for hée was ready and willing to heare the cryes of all commers . Neither durst any Pleader ( at the infernall Barre ) or any officer of the Court , exact any Fée of Plaintiffes , and such as complained of wrongs and were opprest : but onely they paide that were the wrong dooers , those would they sée dambd ere they should get out of their fingers , such fellowes they were appointed to vexe at the very soule . The matters that here were put in sute , were more then could be bred in twentie Vacations , yet should a man be dispached out of hand . In one Terme hée had his Iudgement , for heare they neuer stand vpon Returnes , but presently come to Triall . The causes decided here are many ; the Clients that complaine many ; the Counsellors ( that plead till they be hoarse , ) many ; the Attornies ( that runne vp and downe , ) infinite ; the Clarkes of the Court , not to be numbred . All these haue their hands full ; day and night are they so plagued with the bawling of Clients , that they neuer can rest . The Inck where-with they write , is the blood of Coniurers : they haue no Paper , but all things are engrossed in Parchment , and that Parchment is made of Scriueners skinnes flead off , after they haue béene punished for Forgerie : their Standishes are the Seuls of Vsurers : their Pennes , the bones of vnconscionable Brokers , and hard-hearted Creditors , that haue made dice of other mens bones , or else of periured Excecutors and blind Ouer-séeers , that haue eaten vp Widdowes and Orphanes to the bare bones : and those Pennes are made of purpose without Nebs , because they may cast Incke but slowly , in mockery of those , who in their life time were slowe in yéelding drops of pitty . Would you know what actions are tried here ? I will but turne ouer the Recordes , and read them vnto you as they hang vpon the Fyle . The Courtier is sued héere , and condemned for Ryots . The Soldier is sued héere , and condemned for murders . The Scholler is sued héere , & condemned for Heresies . The Citizen is sued héere , and condemned for the Citie-sinnes . The Farmer is suedchéere vpon Penal Statutes , and condemned for spoyling the Markets . Actions of batterie are brought against Swaggerers , and héere they are bound to the peace . Actions of Waste are brought against Drunkards and Epicures , and héere they are condemned to begge at the Grate for one drop of colde water to coole their tongues , or one crum of breade to stay their hunger , yet are they denyed it . Harlots haue processe sued vpon them héere , and are condemned to Howling , to Rottennesse and to Stench . No Actes of Parliament that haue passed the * Vpper-house , can be broken , but here the breach is punished , and that seuerely , and that suddenly : For here they stand vpon no demurres ; no Audita Queraela can héere be gotten , no writs of Errores to Reuerse Iudgement : héere is no flying to a court of Chancery for reléef , yet euerie one that comes hether is serued with a Sub-poena . No , they deale altogether in this Court vpon the Habeas Corpus , vpon the Capias , vpon the Ne exeat Regnum , vpon Rebellion , vpon heauie Fines ( but no Recoueries ) vpon writs of Out-lary , to attache the body for euer , and last of all vpon Executions after Iudgement , which being serued vpon a man is his euerlasting vndoing . Such are the Customes and courses of procéedings in the Offices belonging to the Prince of Darknesse . These hot dooings hath hée in his Terme-times . But vpon a day when a great matter was to be tryed betwéene an Englishman and a Dutchman , which of the two were the fowlest Drinkers , and the case being a long time in arguing , by reason that strong euidence came in réeling on both sides , ( yet it was thought that the English-man would carry it away , and cast the Dutchman ) on a sodaine all was staid by the sound of a horne that was heard at the lower end of the Hall. And euery one looking back ( as wondring at the strangenes ) roome , roome , was cryed and made through the thickest of the crowde , for a certain Spirit , in the likenesse of a Post , who made away on a little leane Nagge vp to the Bench where indge Radamanth with his two grime Brothers ( Minos and Aecus ) sat . This Spirit was an intelligencer sent by Belzebub of Batharum , into some Countries of christendome , to lye there as a Spie , and had brought with him a packet of letters from seuerall Leigiers that lay in those Countries , for the seruice of the Tartarian , their Lord and Maister . Which packet being opened , all the Letters ( because they concerned the generall good and state of those low Countries in Hell ) were publikely reade . The contents of that Letter that stung most , and put them all out of their law cases , tended to this purpose . That whereas she Lord of the Fiery Lakes had his Ministers in all kingdomes aboue the earth , whose Offices were not onely to win the subiects of other Princes to his obadience , but also to giue notice when any of his owne sworne houshold , or any other that held league with him should reuolt or flie from their allegiance : also discouer from time to time all plots , conspiracies , machinations , or vnderminings , that should be laid ( albeit they that durst lay them should digge déepe inough ) to blow vp his great Infernall Citie : so that if his Horned Regiment were not sodainely mustred together , and did not ●●stely bestirre their clouen stumps , his territories would be shaken , his dominions left in time vnpeopled , his forces looked into , and his authoritie which he held in the world , contemned and laughed to scorne . The reason was , that a certaine fellow . The Childe of Darkenesse , a common Night-walker , a man that had no man to waite vpon him but onely a Dogge , one that was a disordered person , and at midnight would beate at mens doores , bidding them ( in meere mockerie ) to looke to their candles , when they themselues were in their dead sleepes : and albeit hee was an Officer , yet hee was but of Light-carriage , being knowne by the name of the Bel-man of London , had of late not onely drawne a number of the Deuils owne kindred into question for their liues , but had also ( onely by the help of the lanthorn & candle ) lookt into the serrets of the best trades that are taught in hell , laying them open to the broad eye of the world , making them infamous , odious , and ridiculous : yea , and not satisfied with dooing this wrong to his diuelship , very spitefullie hath hée set them out in print , drawing their pictures so to the life , that now a horse-stealer shall not shew his head , but a hailter with the Hang-mans noose is ready to be fastned about it : A Foyst , nor a Nip shall not walke into a Fayre or a Play-house , but euerie tracke will cry , looke to your purses : nor a poore common Rogue come to a mans doore , but he shall be examined if hée can cant . If this Baulling fellow therefore haue not his mouth stop'd , she light Angels that are coynd below , will neuer be able to passe as they haue done , but be naild vp for counterfeits , Hell will haue no dooings , and the deuill be no body . This was the lyking of the Letter , and this Letter draue them all to a Non-plus , because they knew not how to answere it . But at last aduice was taken , the Court brake vp , the Tearme was adiournd , ( by reason that the Hell houndes were thus Plagu'd ) & a common counsell in hell was presently called how to redresse these abuses . The Sathanicall Sinagogue being set , vp startes the Father of Hell and damnation , and looking verie terribly , with apaire of eies that stared as wide as the mouth gapes at Bishops-gate , fetching foure or fiue déep sighes ( which were nothing else but the Smoke of fire & brimstone boyling in his stomacke , and shewed as if hée were taking Tobacco , which be oftentimes does ) tolde his children & seruants ( and the rest of the citizens that dwelt within the freedome of Hell , and sat there before him vpon narrow low formes ) that they neuer had more cause to lay their heads together , and to grow politicians . Hée and they all knew that from the corners of the earth , some did euery houre in a day créepe forth , to come and serue him : yea , that many thousands were so bewitched with his fauours , and his rare parts , that they would come running quick to him : his dominions ( he said ) were great , and ful of people , Emperors , and Kings , ( in infinit number ) were his slaues , his court was full of Princes , if the world were denided ( as some report ) but into thrée parts , two of those thrée were his : or if ( as others affirme ) into foure parts , almost thrée of that foure hée had firme footing in . But if such a fellow as a treble voic'd Bel-man , should be suffer to pry into the infernall Misteries , & into those blacke Acts which command the spirits of the Déepe , and hauing sucked what knowledge he can from them , to turn it all into poison , and to spit it in the very faces of the professors , with a malicious intent to make them appeare vgly , and so to grow hatefull and out of fauour with the world , if such a coniurer at midnight should dance in their circles , and not be driuen out of them , Hell in a few yéers would not be worth the dwelling in . The great Lord of Limbo did therefore command all his blacke guard that stood about him , to bestirre them in their places , and to defend the court wherein they liued : threatning ( besides ) that his curse , and all the plagues of stincking Hell should fall vpon his officers , seruants , and subiects , vnlesse they either aduiz'd him , how , or take some spéedie order themselues to punish that saucie intelligencer , the Bel-man of London . Thus hée spake , and then sat downe . At last , a foolish Diuell rose vp , and shot the bolt of his aduice , which flew thus farre : That the Black-dogge of New-gate should againe be let loose , and a farre off , follow the Bauling Bel-man , to watch into what places hée went , and what déedes of darkenesse ( euerie night ) hée did . Hinc risus ! The whole Synodicall assembly , fell a laughing at this Wise-acre , so that neither he , nor his blacke Dogge durst barke any more . Another , thinking to cleaue the very pinne with his arrow , drew it home to the head of Wisdome ( as he imagined ) and yet that lighted wide too . But thus shot his counsell , that the Ghosts of all those Théeues , Cheaters , and others of that damned crew , ( who by the Bel-mans discouerie , had béene betraied , were taken and sent westward ) should be fetched from those fields of Horror , where euery night they walke , disputing with Doctor Story , who kéepes them company there in his corner Cap : and that those wry neckt spirits should haue charge giuen them to haunt the Bel-man in his walkes , and so fright him out of his wits . The Diuell for all his roaring went away neither with a Plaudite , nor with a hisse . Others stept vp , some pronouncing one verdict , some another : But at the last , it being put into their Diulish heads , that they had no power ouer him further then what should be giuen vnto them , it was concluded and set downe as a rule in Court , that some one strange Spirit , who could transport himselfe into all shapes , should be sent vp to London , and scorning to take reuenge vpon so meane a person as a Bel-ringer , should thrust himselfe into such companyes ( as in a warrant to be signed for that purpose ) should be nominated : and being once growne familiar with them , hée was to worke and win them by all possible meanes to fight vnder the dismall and blacke colours of the Grand Sophy ( his Lord and Maister ) the fruit that was to grow vpon this trée of euill , would be great , for it should be fit to be serued vp to Don Lucifers Table , as a new banquetting Dish , sithence all his other meates , ( though they fatted him well ) were growne stale . Hereupon Parmersiell the Messenger was called , a Pasport was drawne , signed , and deliuered to him , with certaine instructions how to carry himselfe in his trauell . And thus much was openly spoken to him by word of mouth . Flye Pamersiel with spéede to the great and populous citie in the West : winde thy selfe into all shapes : be a Dogge ( to ●awne , ) a Dragon ( to confound , ) be a Doue ( séeme innocent , ) be a Deuill ( as thou art , ) and shew that thou art a Iorniman to hel . Build rather thynest amongst willowes that bend euerie way , then on tops of Oakes , whose hearts are hard to be broken : Fly with the Swallow , close to the earth , when stormes are at hand , but kéepe company with Birdes of greater tallants , when the weather is cléere , and neuer leaue them till they looke like Rauens : créepe into bosomes that are buttond vp in sattin and there spred the wings of thine infection : make euerie head thy pillow to leane vpon , or vse it like a Mill , onely to grinde mischiefe . If thou méetst a Dutchman , drinke with him : if a Frenchman , stab : if a Spaniard , betray : if an Italian poyson : if an Englishman doe all this . Haunt Tauerns , there thou shalt finde prodigalls : pay thy two-pence to a Player , in his gallerie maist thou sit by a Harlot : at Ordinaries maist thou dine with filken fooles : when the day steales out of the world , thou shalt méete rich drunkards , vnder welted gownes search for thréescore in the hundred , hugge those golden villaines , they shine bright , & will make a good shew in hell , shricke with a cricket in the brew-house , and watch how they coniure there : Ride vp and downe Smith-field , and play the Iade there : Visit prisons , and teach Iaylors how to make nets of Iron there : binde thy selfe Prentice to the best trades : but if thou canst grow extreame ritch in a very short time ( honestly ) I banish thée my kingdome , come no more into hell , I haue red thée a lecture , follow it , farewell . No sooner was farewell spoken , but the spirit to whom all these matters were giuen in charge , vanished : the clouen footed Orator arose , and the whole assembly went about their damnable businesse . Gul-groping . How Gentlemen are cheated at Ordinaries . CHAP. III. THe Diuels foote-man was very nimble of his héeles ( for no wilde-Irish man could out-runne him , and therefore in a few houres , was hée come vp to London : the miles betwéene Hell and any place vpon earth , being shorter then those betwéene London and Saint Albones , to any man that trauels from hence thither , or to any Lacky that comes from thence hether , on the Deuils errands : but to any other poore soule , that dwells in those low countries , they are neuer at an end , and by him are not possible to be measured . No sooner was hée entred into the Citie , but hée met with one of his Maisters daughters , called Pride , drest like a Marchants wife , who taking acquaintance of him , and vnderstanding for what he came , tolde him , that the first thing hée was to doe , hée must put himselfe in good cloathes , such as were sutable to the fashion of the time , for that here , men were look'd vpon onely for their out-sides : he that had not ten-pounds-worth of wares in his shop , would carry twentie markes on his backe : that there were a number of sumpter-horses in the citie , who cared not how coursely they fed , so they might were gay trappings : yea , that some pied fooles , to put on satin and veluet but foure daies in the yeare , did often-times vndoe themselues , wiues and Children euer after . The spirit of the Deuils Buttery hearing this , made a legge to Pride for here counsell , and knowing by his owne experience that euerie Taylor hath his hell to himselfe , vnder his Shop-board , ( where he dammes new Sattin ) amongst them hée thought to finde best welcome , and therefore into Burchin-lane hée stalkes verie mannerly , Pride going along with him , and taking the vpper hand . No sooner was hée entred into the rankes of the Linnen Armorers , ( whose weapons are Spanish néedles ) but hée was most terribly and sharpely set vpon , euerie prentise boy had a pull at him : hee feared they all had bin Serieants , because they all had him by the backe : neuer was poore deuill so tormented in hell , as he was amongst them : he thought it had béene Saint Thomas his day , and that he had béene called vpon to be Constable , there was such bauling in his eares , and no strength could shake them off , but that they must shew him some suites of apparell , because they saw what Gentlewoman was in his company ( whom they all knew , ) Seeing no remedie , into a shop hée goes , was fitted brauely , and beating the price , found the lowest to be vnreasonable , yet paide it , and departed , none of them ( by reason of their crowding about him before ) perceiuing what customer they had met with , but now the Taylor spying the deuill , suffered him to goe , neuer praying that hée wold know the shop another time , but looking round about his ware-house if nothing were missing , at length he found that he had lost his conscience : yet remembring himselfe , that they who deale with the diuell , can hardly kéepe it , he stood vpon it the lesse . The fashions of an Ordinarie . THe Stigian traueller being thus translated into an accomplished gallant , with all acoutrements belonging ( as a ●ether for his head , gilt rapier for his sides , & new boots to hide his polt foote , for in Bed-lam he met with a shoemaker , a mad slaue , that knew the length of his last ) it rested , onely that now hée was to enter vpon company sutable to his cloathes : and knowing that your most selected Gallants are the onely-tablemen that are plaid with all at Ordinaries , into an Ordinary did he most gentleman like , conuay himselfe in state . It seemed that all who came thether , had clocks in their bellies , for they all strucke into the dyning roome much a-about the very minute of féeding . Our Caualier had all the eyes ( that came in ) throwne vpon him , ( as being a stranger : for no Ambassador from the diuell euer dined amongst them before , ) and he asmuch tooke especiall notice of them . In obseruing of whom and of the place , he found , that an Ordinary was the onely Randeuouz for the most ingenious , most terse , most trauaild , and most phantastick gallant : the very Exchange for newes out of all countries : the only Booke-sellers shop for conference of the best Editions , that if a woman ( to be a Lady ) would cast away herselfe vpon a Knight , there a man should heare a Catalogue of most of the richest London widowes : & last , that it was a schoole where they were all fellowes of one Forme , & that a country gentleman was of as great comming as the proudest Iustice that sat there on the bench aboue him : for hée that had the graine of the table with his trencher , payd no more then he that placed himselfe beneath the salt . The diuels intelligencer could not be contented to fill his eye onely with these obiects , and to féed his belly with delicate chéere : but hée drew a larger picture of all that were there , and in these collours . The voider hauing cléered the table , Cardes & Dice ( for the last Messe ) are serued vp to the boord : they that are full of coyne draw : they that haue little , stand by & giue ayme : they shuffle and cut on one side : the bones rattle on the other : long haue they not plaide , but oathes fly vp & downe the roome like haile-shot : if the poore dumb Dice be but a little out of square , the pox & a thousand-plagues breake their neckes out at window : presently after , the foure knaues are sent packing the same way , or els ( like heretikes ) are condemned to be burnt . In this battaile of Cardes and Dice , are seuerall Regiments and seuerall Officers . They that sit downe to play , are at first cald Leaders . They that loose , are the Forlorne Hope . He that winnes all , is the Eagle . He that stands by and Ventures , is the Wood-pecker . The fresh Gallant that is fetcht in , is The Gul. He that stands by , and lends , is the Gul-groper . The Gul-groper . THis Gul-groper is commonly an old Mony-monger , who hauing trauaild through all the follyes of the world in his youth , knowes them well , and shunnes them in his age , his whole felicitie being to fill his bags with golde and siluer : hée comes to an Ordinary , to saue charges of house-kéeping , and will eate for his two shillings , more meate then will serue thrée of the guard at a dinner , yet sweares hée comes thether onely for the company , and to conuerse with trauailers . It is a Gold-Finch that sildome flies to these Ordinary Nests , without a hundred or two hundred pound in twenty shilling péeces about him . After the tearing of some seauen paire of Cardes , or the damning of some ten baile of Dice , steps hée vpon the Stage , and this part hée playes . If any of the Forlorne Hope be a Gentleman of Meanes , either in Esse , or in Posse , ( and that the olde Foxe will be sure to know to halfe an Acre ) whose money runnes at a low ebbe , as may appeare by his scratching of the head , and walking vp and downe the roome , as if hée wanted an Ostler : The Gul-groper takes him to a side window and tels him , hée is sorry to sée his hard lucke , but the Dice are made of womens bones , and will cozen any man , yet for his fathers sake ( whom hée hath knowne so long ) if it please him , he shall not leaue off play for a hundred pound or two . If my yong Estrich gape to swallow downe this mettall ( as for the most part they are very gréedy , hauing such prouander set before them ) then is the gold powred on the board , a Bond is made for repaiment , at the next quarter day , when Exhibition is sent in : and because it is all gold , and cost so much the changing , the Scriuener ( who is a whelpe of the old Mastiues owne bréeding ) knows what words will bite , which thus he fastens vpon him , and in this Net the Gull is sure to be taken ( howsoeuer : ) for if hée fall to play againe , and loose , the hoary Goat-bearded Satyre that stands at his elbow , laughes in his sléeue : if his bags be so recouered of their Falling-sicknes , that they be able presently to repay the borrowed gold , then Monsieur Gul-groper steales away of purpose to auoide the reccipt of it ; hée hath fatter Chickens in hatching : it is a fayrer marke hée shootes at . For the day being come when the bond growes due , the within named Signior Auaro , will not be within : or if hée be at home , hée hath wedges enough in his pate , to cause the bond to be broken , or else a little before the day , hée féeds my young Maister with such swéete words , that surfetting vpon his protestations , hée neglects his paiment , as presuming hée may doe more But the Law hauing a hand in the forfeiture of the bond , laies presently hold of our yong Gallant with the helpe of a couple of Serieants , and iust at such a time when old Erra Pater ( the Iew ) that lent him the money , knowes by his owne Prognostication , that the Moone with the siluer face is with him in the waine . Nothing then can frée him out of the phangs of those bloud-hounds , but he must presently confesse a iudgement , for so much money , or for such a Manor or Lordship ( thrée times worth the bond forfeited ) to be paid , or to be entred vpon by him , by such a day , or within so many moneths after he comes to his land . And thus are young heires coozend of their Acres , before they well know where they lye . The Wood-pecker . THe Wood-pecker is a bird that sits by vpon a perch too : but is nothing so dangerous , as this Vulture spoken of before . He deales altogether vpon Returnes , ( as men doe that take thrée for one , at their comming back from Ierusalem , &c. ) for hauing a Iewell , a Clock , a ring with a Diamond , or any such like commoditie , hée notes him well that commonly is best acquainted with the Dice , and hath euer good lucke : to him he offers his prize , rating it at ten or fiftéene pound , when happily it is not worth aboue six , and for it hée bargaines to receiue fiue shillings or ten shillings ( according as it is in value ) at euery hand , second third , or fourth hand hée drawes : by which means he perhaps in a short time , makes that yéeld him forty or fifty pound , which cost not halfe twenty . Many of these Merchant venturers saile from Ordinary to Ordinary , being sure alwayes to make sauing Voiages , when they that put in ten times more then they , are for the most part loosers . The Gull. NOwifeither The Leaders , or The forlorne Hope , or any of the rest , chance to heare of a yong Fresh-water souldier that neuer before followed these strange warre , and yet hath a Charge newly giuen him ( by the old fellow Soldado Vecchio his father , when Death had shutte him into the Graue ) of some ten or twelue thousand in ready money , besides so many hundreds a yeare : first are Scoutes sent out to discouer his Lodging : that knowne some lye in ambush to note what Apothecaries shop hée resorts too euery morning , or in what Tobacco shop in Fléet-stréet he takes a pipe of Smoake in the afternoone : that fort which the Puny holds , is sure to be beleaguerd by the whole troope of the old weather beaten Gallants : amongst whom some one , whose wit is thought to be of a better blocke for his head , than the rest , is appointed to single out our Nouice , and after some foure or fiue dayes spent in Complement , our heire to seauen hundred a yeare is drawne to an Ordinary , into which hee no sooner enters , but all the old ones in that Nest flutter about him , embrace , protest , kisse the hand , Conge to the very garter , and in the end ( to shew that hée is no small foole , but that he knows his father left him not so much mony for nothing , ) the yong Cub suffers himselfe to be drawne to the stake : to flesh him , Fortune and the Dice ( or rather the False Dice , that coozen Fortune , & make a foole of him too ) shall so fauor him , that he marches away from a battaile or two the onely winner . But afterwards , let him play how warily soeuer hée can , the damned Dice shall crosse him , and his siluer crosses shall blesse those that play against him : for euen they that seeme deerest to his bosome , shall first be ready , and be the formost to enter with the other Leaders into conspiracy , how to make spoile of his golden bags . By such ransacking of Cittizens sormes wealth , the Leaders maintaine themselues braue , the Forlome hope , that drooped before , do'es now gallantly come on . The Eagle fethers his nest , the Wood-pecker pickes vp his crums , the Gul-groper growes fat with good feeding : and the Gul himselfe , at whom euery one has a Pull , hath in the end scarce fethers enough to kéepe his owne backe warme . The Post maister of Hell , séeing such villaine to goe vp and downe in cloakes lined cleane through with Veluet , was glad hée had such newes to send ouer , and therefore sealing vp a letter full of it , deliuered the same to filthybearded Charon ( their owne Water-man ) to be conuaied first to the Porter of Hell , & then ( by him ) to the Maister Keeper of the Diuels . Of Ferreting . The Manner of vndooing Gentlemen by taking vp of commodities . CHAP. IIII. HVnting is anoble , a manly , and a healthfull exercise , it is a very true picture of warre , nay it is a war in it selfe , for engines are brought into the steid , stratagems are contriued , ambushes are laide , onsets are giuen , allarums strucke vp , braue incounters are made , fierce assailings are resisted by strength , by courage , or by pollicy : the enemy is pursued , and the Pursuers neuer giue ouer till they haue him in execution , then is a Retreate sounded , then are spoiles diuided , then come they home wearied , but yet crowned with honor & victory . And as in battailes there be seuerall maners of fight : so in the pastime of hunting , there are seuerall degrées of game . Some hunt the Lyon , and that shewes as when subiects rise in Armes against their King. Some hunt the Vnicorne , for the treasure on his head , and they are like couetous men , that care not whom they kill for riches . Some hunt the spotted Panther , & the freckled Leopard , they are such as to inioy their pleasures regard not how blacke an infamie stickes vpon them : All these are barbarous and vnnaturall Huntsmen , for they range vp and downe the deserts , the Wildernes , and the Mountaines , Others pursue the long-liued Hart , the couragious Stag or the nimble footed Déere : these are the noblest hunters , and they exercise the Noblest game : these by following the Chace , get strength of body , a frée and vndisquieted minde , magnanimitie of spirit , alacritie of heart , and an vnwearisomnesse to breake through the hardest labours : their pleasures are not insatiable , but are contented to be kept within limits , for these hunt within Parkes inclosed , or within bounded Forrests . The hunting of the Hare teaches feare to be bould , and puts simplicitie so to her shifts , that she growes cunning and prouident : the turnings and crosse windings that shée makes are embleames of this lifes vncertaintie : when shée thinkes she is further from danger , it is at her héeles , and when it is néerest to her , the hand of safety defends her . When shée is wearied and hath runne her race , shée takes her death patiently , thereby to teach man to make himselfe ready , when the graue gapes for him . All these kindes of hunting are abroad in the open field , but there is a close Citie hunting , onely within the wals , that pulles downe Parkes , layes open Forrests , destroyes Chaces , wounds the Déere of the land , and makes such hauocke of the goodliest Heards , that by their wils , ( who are the rangers , ) none should be lest aliue but the Rascalls . This kinde of hunting is base and ignoble . It is the meanest , yet she most mischieuous , and it is called Ferreting . To behold a course or two at this , did the light-horseman of Hell one day leape into the saddle . Citie-Hunting . THis Ferret-hunting hath his Seasons as other games haue , and is onely followed at such a time of yeare , when the Gentry of our kingdome by riots , hauing chased them selues out of the faire reuenewes and large possessions left to them by their ancestors are forced to hide their heads like Conies , in little caues , and in vnfrequented places : or else being almost windelesse , by running after sensuall pleasures too fiercely , they are glad ( for keeping them-selues in breath so long as they can ) to fal to Ferret-hunting , that is to say , to tak vp commodities . No warrant can be graunted for a Bucke in this forrest , but it must passe vnder these fiue hānds . 1 He that hunts vp and downe to finde game , is called , the Tumbler . 2 The commodities that are taken vp are called Purse-nets . 3 The Citizens that selles them is the Ferret . 4 They that take vp are the Rabbet-suckers . 5 Hee vpon whose credit these Rabbet-suckers runne , is called the Warren . How the Warren is made . AFter a raine , Conies vse in come out of their Holes , and to sit nibling on wéeds , or any thing in the coole of the euening , and after a reueling , when younger brothers haue spent all , or in gaining haue lost all , they sit plotting in their chambers , with necessity , how to be furnished , presently with a new supply of 〈◊〉 . They would take vp any commodity whatsoeuer , but the●● names 〈◊〉 in too many texted letters all ready in Mercers and Soriueners bookes : vpon a hundred poundes worth of Roasted béefe they could finde in their hearts to venture , for that would away 〈…〉 of a hand : but where shall they finde Butcher , or a Cooke , that will let any 〈…〉 so much vpon the score for flesh onely Suppose therefore that foure of such loose-fortuned gallants were tied in one knot , and knew not how to fasten themselues vpon some wealthy cittizen . At the length it runnes into their heads , that such a young Nouice ( who daily serues to fill vp their company ) was neuer intangled in any citie limebush : they know his present meanes to be good , and those to come to be great : him therefore they lay vpon the Anuill of their wits , till they haue wrought him like wax , for him-selfe as well as for them , to doe any thing in wax , or indéed till they haue won him to slide vpon this Ice , because hée knowes not the danger ) he is easily drawne : for hée considers within him-selfe that they are all gentlemen well descended , they haue rich fathers , they weare good clothes , haue bin gallant spenders , and doe now and then ( still ) let it flye fréely : hée is to venture vpon no more rockes than all they , what then should hée feáre ? hée therefore resolues to doe it , and the rather because his owne exhibition runnes low , & that there lacke a great many wéekes to the quarter day , at which time , he shall be refurnished from his father . The Match being thus agréed vpon , one of them that has béene an ould Ferret-monger , & knowes all the trickes of such Hunting , séeks out a Tumbler , that is to say , a fellow , who beates the bush for them till they catch the birds , he himselfe being contented ( as he protests & sweares ) onely with a few fethers . The Tumblers Hunting dry-foote . THis Tumbler being let loose , runnes Snuffing vp and downe close to the ground , in the shoppes either of Merrers , Gouldsmithes , Drapers , Haberdashers , or of any other trade , where hée thinckes hée may méete with a Ferret : and the vpon his very first course , hée can finde his game , yet to make his gallants more hungry , and to thinke hée wearies himselfe in hunting the more , hée comes to them sweating and swearing that the Citie Ferrets are so coaped ( that is to say , haue their lippes stitched vp close ) that hée can hardly get them open to so great a sum as fiue hundred pounds , which they desire . This heache being chewd downe by the Rabbet-suckers almost kils their hearts , and is worse to them then dabbing on the neckes to Connies . They bid him if hée cannot fasten his tieth vpon plate or Cloth , or Silkes , to lay hold on browne paper or Tobacco , Bartholmew babies , Lute stringes or Hobnailes , or two hundred poundes in Saint Thomas Onions , and the rest in mony ; the Onions they coulde get wenches enough to cry and sell them by the Rope , and what remaines should serue them with Mutton . Vpon this , their Tumbler trottes vp and downe againe . And at last lighting on a Cittizen that will deale , the names are receiued , and deliuered to a Scriuener , who enquiring whether they be good men and true , that are to passe vpon the life and death of fiue hundred poundes , findes that foure of the fiue , are winde-shaken , and ready to fall into the Lordes handes : marry the fist man , is an Oake , and there 's hope that hée cannot be hewed downe in haste . Vpon him therefore the Cittizen buildes so much as comes to fiue hundred poundes , yet takes in the other foure to make them serue as scaffolding , till the Frame be furnished , and if then it hold , hée cares not greatly who takes them downe . In all hast , are the bondes sealed and the commodities deliuered , And then does the Tumbler fetch his second carréere , and that 's this . The Tumblers Hunting Counter . THe wares which they fished for being in the hand of the fiue shauers , doe now more trouble their wits how to turne those Wares into ready mony , then before they were troubled to turne their credits into wares . The Trée being once more to be shaken , they know it must loose fruit , and therefore their Factor must barter away their Marchandise , tho it be with losse : Abroad into the Citie he Sailes for that purpose , and deales with him that sold , to but his owne Commodities againe for ready mony ; Hée will not doe it vnder . 30 l. losse in the Hunored : other Archers bowes are tryed at the same marke , but all kéepe much about one scantling : backe therfore comes their Carrier with this newes , that no man will disburse so much present money vpon any 〈◊〉 whatsoeuer . Onely hée met by good fortune with one friend ( and that friend is himselfe ) who for 10 l. will procure them a Chapman , marry that chapman will not buy vnlesse hée may haue them at 30. l. losse in the Hundred : ●u●h , cry all the Sharers , 〈…〉 these 〈…〉 Curmudgions , giue that 〈◊〉 your friend 10. l. for his paines , and ●etch the rest of the money : within an houre after , it is brought , and powred downe in one heape vpon a tauerne table ; where making a goodly shew as if it could neuer be spent , all of them consult what sée the Tombler is to haue , for Hunting so well , and conclude that lesse then 10 l. they cannot giue him , which 10. l. is the first told out . Now let vs cast vp this Account : In euery 100. l. is lost 30. which being 5. times 30. l. makes 150. l. that Sum the Ferret puts vp cléer besides his ouer-prising the wares : vnto which 150. l. lost , ad 10. l. more , which the Tumbler guls them off , and other 10. l. which hée hath for his voyage , all which makes 170. l. which deducted from 500. l. there remaineth onely 330. to be deuided amongst 5. so that euery one of the partners shall haue but 66. l. yet this they all put vp merily , washing downe their losses with Sacke and Suger , whereof they drinke that night profoundly . How the Warren is spoyled . VVHilst this weather lasteth lasteth , and that there is any grake to nibble vpon , These Rabbet-suckers keepe to the Warren wherein they fatned : but the cold day of repaiment approaching , they retire déepe into their Caues ; so that when the Ferret makes account to haue fiue before him in chase ; foure of the fiue lye hidden , and are stolne into other groun vs. No maruell then if the Ferret growe fierce and teare open his own iawes , to suck blood from him that is left : no maruaile if he scratch what woolhe can from his back : the Pursnets that were Set , are all taken vp & carried away . The Warren therefore must be Searched , That must pay for all : ouer that does hée range like a little Lord. Sargeants , Marshals-men , and Baliffes are sent forth , who lye scowting at euery corner , and with terrible pawes haunt euery walke . Inconelusion the bird that these Hawkes slie after , is seazd vpon , then are his fethers pluck'd , his estate look'd into , then are his wings broken , his lands made ouer to a stranger : then must our yong son & heire pay 500. l. ( for which he neuer had but 66. l. ) or else lie in prison . To kéepe himselfe from which , he feales to any bond , enters into any statute , morgageth any Lordship , Does any thing , Sales any thing , yéews to pay any thing . And these Citie stormes ( which will wet a man , till he haue neuer a dry thried about him , tho he be kept neuer so warme ) fall not vpon him once or twise : But being a little way in , hee cares not how déepe he wades : the greater his possessions are , the apter he is to take vp & to be trusted : the more he is trusted , the more he comes in debt , the farther in debt , the néerer to danger . Thus Gentlemen are wrought vpon , thus are they Cheated , thus are they Ferreted , thus are they Vndone . Fawlconers . Of a new kinde of Hawking , teaching how to catch Birds by Bookes . HVnting and Hawking are of kin , and therefore it is sit they should kéepe company together : both of them are noble Games , and Recreations , honest and healthfull , yet they may so be abused that nothing can be more hurtfull . In Hunting , the Game is commonly still before you , or 〈…〉 hearing , and within a little compasse : In Hawking , the game flies farre off , and oftentimes out of sight : A Couple of Rookes therefore ( that were birds of the last feather ) conspired together to leaue their nest in the Citie , and to flutter abroad , into the Countrie : Vpon two leane hackneies were these two Doctor doddipols horst , Ciuilly suited , that they might carry about them some badge of a Scholler . The diuels Ranck-ryder , that came from the last Cityhunting , vnderstanding that two such Light-horsemen were gone a Hawking , posts after , and ouer-takes them . After some ordinary high-way talke , he begins to question of what profession they were ? One of them smyling scornfully in his face , as thinking him to be some Gul , ( and * indéed such fellowes take all men for Gulles , who they thinke to be beneath them in qualitie ) tolde him they were Falconers . But the Foxethat followed them , séeing no properties , ( belonging to a Falconer ) about them , smelt knauery , tooke them for a paire of mad rascals , and therefore resolued to sée at what these Falconers would let flie . How to cast vp the Lure . AT last on a suddaine sayes one of them to him , Sir , we haue Sprung a Partridge , & so fare you well : which words came stammering out with the haste that they made , for presently the two Forragers of the Countrie , were vpon the Spurre : Plutoes Post séeing this , stood still to watch them , and at length saw them in maine gallop make toward a goodly fayre place , where eyther some Knight , or some great Gentleman kept ; and this goodly house belike was the Partridge which those Falconers had sprung . Hee being loath to loose his share in this Hawking , and hauing power to transforme himselfe as he listed , came thither as soone as they , but beheld all ( which they did ) inuisible . They both , like two Knights Errant , alighted at the Gate , knocked , and were let in : The one walkes the Hackneyes in an outward Court , as if he had béene but Squire to Sir Dagonet . The other ( as boldly as S. George , when hee dar'd the Dragon at his very Den ) marcheth vndauntedly vp to the Hall , where , looking ouer those poore creatures of the house , that weare but the bare Blew-coates ( for Aquila non capit Muscas ) what should a Falconer meddle with files ? he onely salutes him that in his eye séemes to be a Gentleman-like fellow : Of him he askes for his good Knight , or so , and sayes that he is a * Gentleman come from London on a businesse , which he must deliuer to his owne Worshipfull Eare. Vp the staires does braue Mount Dragon ascend ; the Knight and he encounter , and with this staffe does he valiantly charge vpon him . How the Bird is Caught . SIr , I am a poore * Scholler , and the report of your vertues hath drawne me hither , venturously bold to fixe your worthy name as a patronage to a poore short discourse , which here I dedicate ( out of my loue ) to your noble and eternal Memorie : this spéech he vtters barely . The Hawking pamphleter is then bid to put on , whilst his Miscellane Maecenas , opens a Booke fayrely aparreld in Vellom , with gilt-fillets , and foure-penny silke ribbon at least , like little streamers on the top of a March-pane Castle , hanging dandling by at the foure corners : the title being superficially suruaid , in the next leafe hee sées that the Author hee , hath made him one of his Gossips , for the Booke carries his Worships name , and vnder it stands an Epistle iust the length of a Hench-mans grace before dinner , which is long inough for any Booke in conscience , vnlesse the writer be vnreasonable . The Knight being told before hand , that this little sun-beame of Phoebus ( shining thus briskly in print ) hath his Mite or Atmy wayting vpon him in the outward court , thankes him for his loue and labour , and considering with himselfe , what cost he hath béene at , and hold farre hee hath ridden to come to him , hee knowes that Patrons and Godfathers , are to pay scot and lot alike , and therefore to cherish his young and tender Muse , he giues him foure or sixe Angles , inuiting him either to stay breakefast , or if the sun-diall of the house points towards eleauen , then to tary dinner . How the Bird is drest . BVt the fish being caught ( for which our Heliconian Angler threw out his lines ) with thankes , and legs , and kissing his owne hand , he parts . No sooner is he horst , but his Hostler ( who all this while walked the iades , and trauailes vp & downe with him ( like an vndeseruing plaier for halfe a share ) askes this question , Strawes or not ? Strawes cries the whole sharer and a halfe , away then replies the first , flie to our nest : This nest is neuer in the same towne but commonly a mile or two off , and it is nothing els but the next Tauerne they come to . But the Village into which they rode being not able to maintaine an Iuybush , an Ale-house was their Inne : where aduancing themselues into the fairest Chamber , and bespeaking the best chéere in the towne for dinner , downe they sit , and share before they speake of any thing els : That done , he that ventures vpon all he méetes , and discharges the paper Bullets , ( for to tel truth , the other serues but as a signe , and is méerely no-body ) beginnes to discourse , how he caried himselfe in the action , how hée was encountred : how hée stood to his tackling , and how well hée came off : hée cals the Knight , a Noble fellow , yet they both shrug , and laugh , and sweares they are glad they haue Guld him . More arrowes must they shoote of the same length that this first was of , and therefore there is Truncke full of Trinckets , that is to say , their budget of Bookes is opend againe , to sée what leafe they are to turne ouer next , which whilst they are dooing , the Ghost that all this space haunted them , and hard what they said , hauing excellent , skill in the blacke art , that is to say , in picking of lockes , makes the dore suddenly flye open ( which they had closely shut . At his strange entrunce they being somwhat agast , began to shustle away their bookes , but he knowing what cardes they plaide withall , offred to cut , and turnd vp two Knaues by this tricke : my Maisters ( quoth he ) I know where you haue bin , I know what you haue done , I know what you meane to doe , I sée now you are Fakoners indéed , but by the ( and then hée swore a danuiable oth ) vnlesse you teach me to shoote in this Birding peece , I will raise the Village , send for the Knight whom you boast you haue guld , and so disgrace you : for your mony I care not . The two Frée-booters séeing themselues smoaked , told their third Brother , hée séemed to be a gentleman and a boone companion , they prayed him therefore to sit downe with silence , and sithence dinner was not yet ready , hée should heare all . This new kinde of Hawking ( qd . one of them ) which you sée vs vse , can afford no name vnles 5. be at it . viz. 1 He that casts vp the Lure is called the Falconer . 2 The Lure that is cast vp is an idle Pamphlet . 3 The Tercel-Gentle that comes to the Lure , is some Knight , or some gentleman of like qualitie . 4 The Bird that is preied vpon , is Mony. 5 Hee that walkes the horses , and hunts dry-foote is called a Mongrell . The Falconer and his Spaniell . THe Falconer hauing scraped together certaine small parings of witte , hée first cuttes them hansomely in pretty péeces , and of those péeces does hée patch vp a booke . This booke hée priúits at his own charge , the Mongrell running vp and downe to looke to the workemen , and bearing likewise some part of the cost , ( for which he enters vpon his halfe share . ) When it is fully finished , the Falconer and his Mongrell , or it may be two Falconers ioyne in one , ) but howsoeuer , it is by them deuised what Shire in England it is best to forrage next : that being set downe , the Falconers ●ea 〈…〉 either with ● Herauld for a note of all the Knights and Gentlemens names of worth that dwell in that circuit , which they meane to ride , or els by inquiry , get the chiefest of them , printing of so many Epistles as they haue names , the Epistles Dedicatory being all one , & vary in nothing but in the titles of their patrons . Hauing thus furnished themselues , and packed vp their wares , away they trudge , like tinckers , with a budget at one of their backes , or it may be the circle they meane to coniure in shall not be out of London , especially if it be Tearme-time , or when a Parliament is holden ( for then they haue choise of swéete-meats to féed vpon . ( If a gentleman séeing one of these bookes Dedicated onely to his name , suspect it to be a bastard , that hath more fathers besides himselfe , and to try that , does deferre the Presenter for a day or two , sending in the meane time ( as some haue done ) into Paules Church-yard amongst the Stationers to inquire if any such worke be come forth , and if they cannot tell , then to steppe to the Printers : Yet haue the Falconers a tricke to goe beyond such Hawkes too , for all they flye so hie : and that is this : The bookes lye all at the Printers , but not one line of an epistle to any of them ( those bug-beares lurke in Tenebris ) if then the Spy that is sent by his Maister , aske why they haue no dedications to them , Mounsier Printer tels him , the author would not venture to adde any to them all , ( sauing onely to that which was giuen to his Maister , vntill it was knowne whether he would accept of it or no. This satisfies the Patron , this fetches money from him , and this Cozens fiue hundred besides . Nay there be other Bird-catchers , that vse stranger Quaile-pipes : you shall haue fellows , foure or fiue in a country , that buying vp any old Booke ( especially a Sermon , or any other matter of Diuinity ) that lies for wast paper , and is cleane forgotten , ad a new printed Epistle to it , and with an Alphabet of letters which they cary about them , being able to print any mans name ( for a Dedscation ) on the suddaine trauaile vp and downe most Shires in England , and liue by this Hawking . Are we not excellent Falconersnow ( quoth thrée halfe shares ? ) excellent villaines , cryed the deuils Deputy : by this the meate ( for dinnet came smoaking in , vpon which they fell most firannically , yet ( for manners sake ) offring first , to the Balife of Belzebub the vpper end of the table , but he fearing they would make a Hauke , or a Buzzard of him too , and report they had ridden himlike an Asse , as they had done others , out a doores hée flung with a vengeance as he came . O sacred Learning why doost thou suffer thy seauen leaued trée , to be plucked by barbarous and most vnhallowed handes ? Why is thy beantifull Maiden-body , polluted like a strumpets , and prostituted to beastly and slanish Ignoraike ? O then Base-broode , that make the Muses harlots , yet say they are your Mothers ? You Theeues of Wit , Cheators of Arte , Traitors of schooles of Learning : murderers of Schollers : More worthy you are , to vndergoe the Romane Furca , like slaues , and to be branded i' th fore-head déeper then they that forge Testaments to vndoe Orphants : Such doe but rob children of goods that may be lost : but you rob Schollers of their Fame , which is déerer then life . You are not worth an Inuectiue , not worthy to haue-your names drop out of a deseruing pen , you shall onely be executed in Picture , ( as they vse to handle Malefactors in France ) and the picture ( though it were drawne to be hung vp in another place ) shal leaue you impudently arrogant to your selues , and ignominiously rioiculeus to after ages : in these collours , are you drawne . The true picture of these Falconers . — There be Fellowes Of course and common bloud ; Mechanicke knaues , Whose 〈…〉 buried then in graues : And indeed 〈…〉 earthy , whose creation . Was but to giue a Boote or Shooe good fashion . Yet these ( shrowing by the Apron and the Awle ) Being druncke with their own wit , cast vp their gall Onely of yncke : and in patchd , beggerly Rimes , ( As full of fowle corruption , as the Times ) From towne to towne they strowle in soule , as poore As th' are in clothes : yet these at euery doore , Their labors Dedicate . But ( as at Faires ) Like Pedlars , they shew still one sort of wares Vnto all commers ( with some filde oratlon ) And thus to giue bookes now 's an occupation . One booke hath seauen score patrons : thus desart Is cheated of her due : thus noble art Giues Ignorance ( that common strumpet ) place , Thus the true schollers name growes cheap and base , &c. Iacks of the Clock-house . A new and cunning drawing of money from Gentlemen . CHAP. VI. THere is another Fraternitie of wandring Pilgrims who merrily call themselues , Iackes of the Clocke-house , and are very néere allyed to the Falconers , that went a Hawking before . The Clarke of Erebus set downe their names too in his Tables , with certaine bréefe notes of their practises : and these they are . The Iacke of a Clocke-house goes vpon Screws , and his office is to doe nothing but strike : so does this noise , ( for they walke vp and downe like Fidlers ) trauaile with Motions , and whatsoeuer their Motions get them , is called striking . Those Motions are certaine Collections , or wittie Inuentions , some-times of one thing , and then of an other ( there is a new one now in towne , in praise of the Vnion . ) And these are fairely written and engrossed in Vellum , Parchement , or Royall paper , richly adorned with compartiments , and set out with letters both in gold , and in various coulours . This labour being taken , the Maister of the Motion hearkens where such a Nobleman , such a Lord , or such a Knight lyes , that is liberall : hauing found one to his liking , The Motion ( with his Patrons name fairely texted out , in manner of a Dedication , ) is presented before him : hée receiues it , and thinking it to be a worke onely vnder-taken for his sake , is bounteous to the giuer , estéeming him a Scholler , and knowing that not without great trauaile , hée hath drawne so many little stragling streames into so faire and smoothe a Riuer : whereas the Worke is the labour of some other ( copied out by stealth ) by an impudent ignorant fellow , that runnes vp and downe with the Transcripts , and euery Ale-house may haue one of them ( hanging in the basest drinking roome ) if they will be but at the charges of writing it out . Thus the liberallitie of a Nobleman , or of a Gentleman is abused : thus learning is brought into scorne and contempt : Thus men are cheated of their bountie , giuing much for that ( out of their frée mindes ) which is common abroad , and put away for base prices . Thus villanie some-times walkes alone , as if it were giuen to Melancholy , and some-times knaues tie themselues in a knot , because they may be more merry , as by a mad sort of Comrades whom I sée leaping into the Saddle , anon it will apeare . Rancke Riders , The manner of Cozening Inne-keepers . Post-masters and Hackney-men . CHAP. VII . THere is a troope of Horsemen , that runne vp and downe the whole kingdome , they are euer in a gallop , their businesse is weightie , their iournyes many , their expences great , their Innes euerie where , their lands no where : they haue onely a certaine Frée-holde called Tyborne , ( scituate néere London , and many a faire paire of Gallowes in other Countries besides , ) vpon which they liue verie poorely , till they dye , and dye for the most part wickedly , because their liues are villanous and desperate . But what race so euer they runne , their they end it , there they set vp their rest , there is their last baite , whether soeuer their iourney lyes . And these horsmen haue no other names but rancke Riders . To furnish whem foorth for any iourney , they must haue Riding sutes cut out of these foure péeces . 1 The Inne-kéeper or Hackney-man , of whom they haue horses , is called , A Colt. 2 He that neuer alights off a rich Farmer or country Gentleman , till he haue drawne mony from him , is called , The Snaffle . 3 The money so gotten , is The Ring . 4 He that féedes them with mony is called , The prouander . These Ranck-riders ( like Butchers to Rumford market ) sildome goe vnder sixe or seauen in a company , and these Caréeres they fetch . Their pursses being warmely lined with some purchase gotten before , and they themselues well booted and spur'd , and in reasonable good outsides , arriue at the fairest Inne they can choose , either in Westminster , the Strand , the Citie , or the Suburbes . Two of them who haue cloathes of purpose to fit the play , carrying the shew of Gentlemen , the other act their partes in blew coates , as they were their Seruingmen , though indéede they be all fellowes . They enter all durted or dustied ( according as it shall please the high way to vse them ) and the first bridle they put into the Colts mouth ( that is to say , the Inkéepers ) is at their comming in to aske alowde if the footeman be gone backe with the horses ? t is answered yes . Héere , the Ranck-riders lye thrée or foure daies , spending moderately enough , yet abating not a penny of any reckoning , to shew of what house they come : in which space their counterfeit followers learne what country-man the maister of the house is , where the Hostlars and Chamberlaines were borne , and what other countrie Gentlemen are guests to the Inne : which lessons being presently gotten by heart , they fall in study with the generall rules of their knauerie : and those are , first to giue out , that their Maister is a Gentleman of such and such meanes , in such a shire ( which shall be sure to stand farre enough from those places where any of the house , or of other guests were borne , ) that hée is come to receiue so many hundred poundes vpon land which hée hath solde , and that hée meanes to Inne there some quarter of a yeare at least . This Brasse money passing for currant through the house , hée is more obserued and better attended , is worshipped at euerie word : and the easier to breake and bridle the Colt , his Worship will not sit downe to Dinner or supper , till the Maister of the house be placed at the vpper end of the boord by him . In the middle of Supper , or else verie earely in the following morning , comes in a counterfeit footeman , sweatingly deliuering a message , that such a Knight hath sent for the head-Maister of these Rancke-ryders , and that hée must be with him by such an houre , the iourney being not aboue twelue or fouretéene miles . Vpon deliuerie of this message , ( from so déere and noble a friend ) hée sweares and chafes , because all his horses are out of Towne , curseth the sending of them backe , offers any mony to haue himselfe , his couzen with him , and his men but reasonably horst . Mine host being a credulous Asse , suffers them all to get vp vpon him , for hée prouides them horses , either of his owne ( thinking his Guest to be a man of great accompt , and being loath to loose him , because hée spends well ) or else sendes out to hire them of his neighbours , passing his word for their forth-comming within a day or two , Vp they get and away Gallop our Ranck-riders , as far as the poore Iades can carry them . The two daies being ambled out of the world , and perhaps thrée more after them , yet neither a supply of Horse-men or Foote-men , ( as was promised ) to be set eye vpon . The lamentable In-kéeper ( or Hackney man , if hée chance to be Sadled for this iourney too ) loose their Colts téeth , and finde that they are made olde arrant Iades : Search , then runnes vp and downe , like a Constable halfe out of his wittes ( vpon a Shroue-tuesday ) and hue and cry followes after , some twelue or fouretéene miles off , ( round about London ) which was the farthest of their iourney as they gaue out . But ( alas ! ) the horses are at pasture fourescore or a hundred miles from their olde mangers : they were sould at some blinde drunken théeuish faire , ( there being enow of them in company to saue themselues , by their Toll-booke , ) the Seruing-men cast off their blew-coates , and cried , All fellowes : the money is spent vpon wine , vpon whores , vpon fidlers , vpon fooles , ( by whom they wil loose nothing ) and the tyde being at an ebbe , they are as ready to practise their skill in horse-manship to bring Coltes to the saddle in that Towne , and to make Nags run a race of thrée-score or a hundred miles of from that place , as before they did from London . Running at the Ring . THus , so long as Horseflesh can make them fat , they neuer leaue féeding . But when they haue beaten so many high-waies in seuerall countries , that they feare to be ouer-taken by Tracers , then ( like Soldiers comming from a Breach ) they march faire & softly on foote , lying in garrison , as it were , close in some out townes , till the foule Rumor of their Villanies ( like a stormy durty winter ) be blown ouer : In which time of lurking in the shel , they are not idle neither , but like snailes , they venture abroad tho the law hath threatned to rain down neuer so much punishment vpon them : & what doe they ? they are not bées , to liue by their owne painfull labors , but Drones that must eate vp the swéetnesse , and be fedde wilh the earnings of others : This therefore is their worke . They carelesly inquire what gentleman of worth , or what rich Farmers dwell within fiue , six or seauen miles of the Fort where they are insconc'd ( which they may doe without suspition ) and hauing got their names , they single out themselues in a morning , and each man takes a seuerall path to himselfe : one goes East , one West , one North , and the other South : walking either in bootes with wandes in their handes , or otherwise , for it is all to one purpose . And note this by the way , that when they trauell thus one foot , they are no more called Ranck-riders but Ttrowlers , a proper name giuen to Country plaiers , that ( without Sockes ) trot from towne to towne vpon the bare hoofe . Being ariued at the Gate where the Gentlemen , or Farmer dwelleth , he boldly knockes , inquiring for him by name , and steppes into speake with him : the seruant séeing a fashionable person , tells his Maister there is a Gentleman desires to speake with him : the maister coms and salutes him , but eying him well , saies he does not know him : No Sir , replies the other ( with a face bolde ynough ) it may be so , but I pray you Sir , will you walke a turne or two in your Orchard or Garden , I would there conferre : Hauing got him thether , to this tune he plaies vpon him . How the snaffle is put on . SIr , I am a Gentleman , borne to better meanes then my present fortunes doe allow me : I serued in the field , and had commaunde there , But long peace ( you know Sir ) is the Cancker that eates vp Souldiers , and so it hath mée . I lie héere not far off , in the Country , at mine Inne , where staying vpon the dispatch of some businesse , I am indebted to the house in monies , so that I cannot with the credit of a Gentleman leaue the house till I haue paide them . Make mée sir so much beholden to your loue as to lend mée fortye or fiftie shillings to beare my horse and my selfe to London , from whence within a day or two , I shall send you many thankes , with a faithfull repayment of your curtesie . The honest Gentleman , or the good natur'd Farmer beholding a personable man , fashionably attired , and not carrying in outward coullors , the face of a cogging-knaue , giues credit to his words , are sorry that they are not at this present time so well furnished as they could wish , but if a matter of twentie shillings can stead him , he shall commaund it , because it were pittie any honest Gentleman should for so small a matter miscarry . Happily they meete with some Chapmen that giue them their owne asking ; but howsoeuer , all is fish that comes to net , they are the most conscionable market folkes that euer rode betwéene two paniers , for from forty they will fall to twentie , from twenty to ten , from ten to fiue : nay these Mountibanekes are so base , that they are not ashamed to take two shillings of a plaine Husbandman , and sometimes sixe pence ( which the other giues simply and honestly ) of whom they demaunded a whole fifteene . In this manner doe they digge siluer out of mens purses all the day , and at night meet together at the appointed Rendeuouz , where all these Snaffles are loosed to their full length , the Ringes which that day they haue made , are worne . The Prouender is praised or dispraised , as they finde it in goodnesse , but it goes downe all , whilst they laugh at all . And thus does a Common Wealth bring vp children , that care not how they discredit her , or vndoe her : who would imagine that Birdes so faire in shewe , and so sweete in voice , should be so dangerous in condition-but Kanens thinke carryon the daintiest meate , and villaines estéeme most of that mony which is purchast by basenes . The Vnder-Shriffe for the county of the Cacodemons , knowing into what arrerages these Rank-riders were runne , for horse-flesh to his maister , ( of whom hée farmed the office ) sent out his writs to attach them , and so narrowly pursued them , that for all they were well horst , some hée sent post to the gallowes , and the rest to seuerall iayles : After which , making all the hast hée possibly could to get to London againe , hée was way-layd by an army of a strong and new found people . Moone-men . A discouery of a strange wild people , very dangerous to Townes and Country Villages . CHAP. VIII . A Moone-man , signifies in English , a mad-man , because the Moone hath greatest domination ( aboue any other Planet ) ouet the bodies of Franticke persons . But these Moone-men ( whose Images are now to be carued ) are neither absolutely mad , nor yet perfectly in their wits . ) Their name they borrow from the Moone , because as the Moone is neuer in one shape two nights together , but wanders vp and downe Heauen , like an Anticke , so these changeable-stuffe-companions neuer tary one day in a place , but are the onely , and the onely base Runnagats vpon earth . And as in the Moone there is a man , that neuer stirres without a bush of thornes at his backe , so these Moone-men lie vndes bushes ; and are indeed no better then Hedge créepers . They are a people more scattred then Iewes , and more hated : beggerly in apparrell , barbarous in condition , beastly in behauior , and bloudy if they meete aduantage . A man that sées them would sweare they had all thè yellow Iawndis , or that they were To●●y , Moores bastardes , for no Red-oaker man caries a face of a more filthy complexion , yet are they not borne so , neither has the Sunne burnt them so , but they are painted so , yet they are not good painters neither : for they doe not make faces , but marte faces . By a by-name they are called Gipsies , they call themselues Egiptians , others in mockery call them Moone-men . If they be Egiptians , sure I am they neuer discended from the tribes of any of those people that came out of the Land of Egypt : Ptolomy ( King of the Egiptians ) I warrant neuer called them his Subiects : no nor Pharao before him . Looke what difference their is betweene a ciuell cittizen of Dublin , & a wilde Irish Kerne , so much difference there is betweene one of these counterfeit Egiptians and a true English Begger . An English Roague is iust of the same liuery . They are commonly an army about foure-score strong , yet they neuer march with all their bagges and baggages together , but ( like boot-halers ) they forrage vp and downe countries , 45. or 6. in a company . As the swizer has his wench and his Cocke with him when he goes to the warres , so these vagabonds haue their harlots with a number of little children following at their héeles : which young brood of Beggers , are sometimes caried ( like so many gréene géese aliue to a market ) in payres of pameres , or in dosters like fresh-fish from Kye that comes on horsebacke , ( if they be but infants . ) But if they can stradle once , then aswell the shée roagues as the héeroagues are horst , seauen or eight vpon one iade , strongly pineond , and strangely tyed together . One Shire alone & no more is sure stil at one time , to haue these Egiptian-tice swarming within it , for like flockes of wild géese , they will euermore fly one after another : let them be scattred worse then the quarters of a traitor are after hée s hang'd drawne and quartred , yet they haue a tricke ( like water cut with a sword ) to come together instantly and easily againe : and this is their pollicy , which way soeuer the formostranckes lead , they sticke vp small boughes in seuerall places , to euery village where they passe , which serue as ensignes to waft on the rest . Their apparell is old , and phantasticke , tho it be neuer so full of rents : the men weare scarfes of Callico , or any other base stuffe , hanging their bodies like Morris-dancers , with bels , & other toyes , to intice the countrey people to flocke about them , and to wounder at their fooleries , or rather rancke-knaueryes . The women as ridiculously attire them-selues , and ( like one that plaies , the Roague on a Stage ) weare rags , and patched filthy mantles vppermost , when the vnder garments are hansome and in fashion . The battailes these Out-lawes make , are many and very bloudy . Whosoeuer falles into their hands neuer escapes aliue , and so cruell they are in these murders , that nothing can satisfie them but the very heart bloud of those whom they kill . And who are they ( thinke you ) that thus goe to the pot ? Alasse ! Innocent Lambs , Shéep , Calues , Pigges , &c. Poultrie-Ware are more churlishly handled by them , then poore prisoners are by kéepers in the counter it 'h Pouitry . A goose comming amongst them learnes to be wise , that hée neuer will be Goose any more . The bloudy trage dies of al these , are only acted by the women , who carrying long kniues or Skeanes vnder their mantles , doe thus play their parts : The Stage is some large Heath : or a Firre-bush Common , far from any houses : Vpon which casting them-selues into a King , they inclose the Murdered , till the Massacare be finished . If any passenger come by , and wondring to sée such a coniuring circle kept by Hel hounds & demaund what spirits they raise there : one of the Murderers steps to him , poysons him with swéete wordes and shifts him off , with this lye , that one of the women is falne in labour : but if any made Hamlet hearing this , smell villanie , & rush in by violence to fée what the tawny . Diuels are dooing , then they excuse the fact , lay the blame on those that are the actors , a perhaps ( it they sée no remedie ) deliuer them to an officer , to be had to punishment : But by the way a rescue is surely laid , and very valiantly ( tho very villanously ) doe they fetch them off , and guard them . The Cabbines where these Land-pyrates lodge in the night , are the Out-barnes of Farmers and Husbandmen , ( in some poore Village or other ) who dare not deny them , for feare they should ere Morning haue their thatched houses burning about their eares : in these Barnes , are both their Cooke-rooines , their Supping Parlors , and their Bed-chambers : for there they dresse after a beastly manner , what soeuer they purchast after a théeuish fashion : sometimes they eate Venison , & haue Gray-hounders that kill it for them , but if they had not , they are Houndes themseiues and are damnable Hunters after flesh : Which appeares by their vgly-faced queanes that follow them , with whom in these barnes they lye , as Swine doe together in Hogsties . These Barnes are the beds of Incests , Whoredomes Adulteries , and of all other blacke and deadly-damned Impieties ; here growes the cursed Tree of bastardie , that is so fruitfull : here are written the Bookes of all Blasphemies , Swearings and Curses , that are so dreadfull to be read . Yet the simple country-people will come running out of their houses to gaze vpon them , whilst in the meane time one steales into the next Roome , and brings away whatsoeuer he can lay hold on . Vpon daies of pastime and libertie , they Spred themselues in small companies amongst the Villages : and when young maids and batchelers ( yea sometimes old doting fooles ; that should be beaten to this world of villanies , and forewarn others ( doe flocke about them , they then professe skil in Palmestry , & ( forsooth ) can tell fortunes , which for the most part are infallibly true , by reason that they worke vpon rules , which are grounded vpon certamty : for one of them will tell you that you shall shortly haue some euill lucke fall vpon you , & within halfe an houre after you shall find your pocket pick'd , or your purse cut . These are those Egiptian Grashoppers that eate vp the fruites of the Earth , and destroy the poore corne fieldes : to swéepe whose swarmes out of this kingdome , there are no other meanes but the sharpnes of the most infamous and basest kinds of punishment . For if the vgly body of this Monster be suffred to grow and fatten it selfe with mischiefes and disorder , it will haue a necke so Sinewy & so brawny , that the arme of the law will haue much a doe to stricke of the Head , sithence euery day the members of it increase , and it gathers new ioints and new forces by Priggers , Anglers , Cheators , Morts , Yeomens Daughters ( that haue taken some by blowes , and to auoid shame , fall into their Sinnes ) and other Seruants , both men and maides , that haue béene pilferers , with all the rest of that Damned Regiment , marching together in the first Army of the Bel-man , who running away from their own Coulours ( which are bad ynough ) serue vnder these , being the worst . Lucifers Lansprizado that stood alooft to behold the mustrings of these Hell-hounds tooke delight to sée them Double their Fyles so nimbly , but held it no pollicy to come néere them ( for the Diuell him-selfe durst scarse haue done that . ) Away therefore hée gallops , knowing that at one time or other they would all come to fetch their pay in Hell. The infection of the Suburbs . CHAP. IX . THe Infernall Promoter being wearied with riding vp and downe the Country , was glad when hée had gotten Citie ouer his head , but the Citie being not able to hold him within the fréedome , because hée was a Forrener , the gates were sette wide open for him to passe through , and into the Suburbes hée went. And what saw hée there ? More Ale houses than there are Tauernes in all Spayne and France . Are they so dry in the Suburbes ? Yes , pockily dry . What saw he besides ? Hée saw the dores of notorious Carted Bawdes , ( like Hell gates ) stand night and day wide open , with a paire of Harlots in Taffata gownes ( like two painted posts ) garnishing out those dores , being better to the house then a Double signe : when the dore of a poore Artificer ( if his childe had died but with one Token of death about him ) was close ram'd vp and Guarded for feare others should haue béene infected : Yet the plague that a Whore-house layes vpon a Citie is worse , yet is laughed at : if not laughed at , yet not looked into , or if looked into Wincked at . The Tradesman hauing his house locked vp , looseth his customers , is put from worke and vndone : whilst in the meane time the strumpet is set on worke and maintained ( perhaps ) by those that vndoe the other : giue thankes O wide mouth'd Hell ! laugh Lucifer at this , Dance for ioy all you Diuells . Belzebub kéepes the Register booke , of all the Bawdes , Panders and Curtizans : & he knows , that these Suburb sinners haue no landes to liue vpon but their legges : euery prentice passing by them , can say , There sits a whore : Without putting them to their booke , they will sweare so much themselues : if so , are not Counstables , Church-wardens , Bayliffes , Beadels , other Officers , Pillars and Pillowes to all the villanies , that are by these committed ? Are they not parcell-Bawdes to wincke at such damned abuses , considering they haue whippes in their owne handes , and may draw bloud if they please ? Is not the Land-lord of such rentes the Graund-Bawde ? and the Dore-Kéeping mistresse of such a house of sinne , but his Vnder-Bawd ? sithence hée takes twenty pounds rent euery yeare , for a vaulting schoole ( which from no Artificer liuing by the hardnesse of the hand could be worth fiue pound . ) And that twenty pound rent , hée knowes must be prest out of petticoates : ) his mony smells of sinne , the very siluerlookes pale , because it was earned by lust . How happy therefore were Cities if they had no Suburbes , sithence they serue but as caues , where monsters are bred vp to deuoure the Cities them-selues ? Would the Diuell hire a villaine to spil bloud ? there he shall finde him . One to blaspheme ? there hée hath choice . A Pandar that would court a matron at her praiers ? he is there . A cheator that would turne his owne father a begging ? Hée is there too : A harlot that would murder her new borne Infant ? She lies in there . What a wretched wombe hath a strumpet , which being ( for the most part ) barren of Children , is notwithstanding the onely Bedde that bréedes vp these Serpente ? vpon that one stalke grow all these mischiefes . Shee is the Cockatrice that hatcheth all these egges of euills . When the diuell takes the Anatomy of all damnable sinnes , he lookes onely vpon her body . When she dies , he sits as her Coroner . When her soule comes to hell , all shunne that there , as they flie from a body strucke with the plague here shee hath her dore-keeper , and she her selfe is the Diuells chamber-maide . And yet for all this , that shée 's so dangerous and detestable , when she hath croak'd like a Rauen on the Eues , then comes she into the house like a Doue . When her villaines ( like the mote about a castle ) are rancke , thicke , and muddy , with standing long together , then ( to purge herselfe ) is shee dreind out of the Suburbes ( as though her corruption were there left behind her ) and ( as a cléere streame ) is let into the Citie . What armor a harlot weares comming out of the Suburbes to besiege the Citie within the wals . VPon what perch then does she sit ? what part plaies she then ? onely the Puritane . If before she ruffled in filkes , now is she more ciuilly attired then a Mid wife . If before she swaggred in Tauernes , now with the Snaile she stirreth not out of dores . And where must her lodging be taken vp , but in the house of some cittizen , whose known reputation , she borrowes ( or rather steales ) putting it on as a cloake to couer her deformities . Yet euen in that , hath she an art too , for he shal be of such a profession , that all commers may enter , without the danger of any eyes to watch them . As for example , she wil lie at some Scriueners house , and so vnder the collour of comming to haue a Bond made , she herselfe may write Nouerint vniuersi . And tho the law threaten to hit her neuer so often , yet hath she subtile defences to ward off the blowes . For , if Gallants haunt the house , then spreds shée these collours : she is a captaine or a lieutenants wife in the Low-countries , & they come with letters , from the souldier her husband . If Marchants resort to her , then hoistes shée vp these sayles , she is wife to the Maister of a shippe , & they bring newes that her husband put in at the Straytes , or at Venice , at Aleppo , Alexandria , or Scanderoon , &c. If shop-keepers come to her , with what doe you lacke , in their mouthes , then she takes vp such and such commodities , to send them to Rye , to Bristow , to Yorke , &c. where her husband dwells . But if the streame of her fortunes runne low , and that none but Apron-men lanch forth there , then kéepes shée a polliticke sempsters shop , or shée starches them . Perhaps shée is so polliticke , that none shall be noted to board her : if so then she sailes vpon these points of the compasse , so soone as euer shée is rig'd , and all her furniture on , forth shée lancheth into those stréetes that are most frequented : where the first man that shée méetes of her acquaintance , shall ( without much pulling ) get her into a Tauerne : out of him she kisses a breakefast , and then leaues him : the next shée méetes , does vpon as easie pullies , draw her to a Tauerne againe , out of him she cogs a dinner , and then leaues him : the third man , squires her to a play , which being ended , and the wine offred and taken ( for she 's on Recusant , to refuse any thing ) him shée leaues too : and being set vpon by a fourth , him she answers at his own weapon , sups with him , & drinckes Vpsie Freeze , till the clock striking Twelue , and the Drawers being drowzy , away they march arme in arme , being at euery foot-step fearfull to be set vpon by the Band of Halberdiers , that lye scowting in rug-gownes to cut off such mid-night straglers . But the word being giuen , and who goes there , with come before the Constable , being shot at them , they vaile presently and come , she taking vpon her to answere all the Bil-men and their Leader . Betwéene whom and her , suppose you heare this sléepy Dialogue , where haue you bin so late ? at supper forsooth with my Vncle , here , ( if he be well bearded ) or with my brother ( if the haire be but budding forth ) and hee is bringing me home . Are you married ? yes forsooth : what is your husband ? such a Noble-mans man , or such a Iustices Clarke , ( And then names some Alderman of London , to whom shée perswades herselfe , one or other of the bench of browne billes are beholding : ) where lye you ? At such a mans house : Sic tenues euanescit in Auras : and thus by stopping the Constables mouth with sugur-plummes ( that is to say , ) whilst shée poisons him with sweet wordes , the puncke vanisheth . O Lanthorne and Candle-light , how art thou made a blinde Asse ? because thou hast but one eye to sée withall : Be not so guld , be not so dull in vnderstanding : doe thou but follow aloofe ; those two tame Pigeons , and thou shalt finde , that her new Vncle lies by it all that night , to make his kins-woman on of mine Aunts : or if shée be not in trauell all night , they spend some halfe an houre together , but what doe they ? marry , they doe that which the Constable should haue done for them both in the stréetes , that is to say , commit , commit . You Guardians ouer so great a Princesse as the eldest daughter to King Brutus : you twice twelue fathers and gouernours ouer the Noblest Cittie , why are you so careful to plant Trees to beautifie your outward walks , yet suffer the goodliest garden ( within ) to be ouer-run with stincking wéedes : You are the proining kniues that should loppe off such idle , such vnprofitable , and such destroying branches from the Vine : The beames of your authoritie should purge the ayre of such infection : your breath of Iustice should scatter those foggy vapors , & driue them out of your gates , as chaffe tossed abroad by the windes . But stay : is our walking spirit become an Orator to perswade ? no : but the Bel-man of London , with whom he met in this perambulation of his , and to whom hée betraied himselfe and opened his very bosome , ( as hereafter you shall heare , ) is bould to take vpon him that speakers Office. Of Ginglers . Or the knauery of Horse-Coursers in Smith-field discouered . CHAP. X. AT the end of fierce battailes , the onely Rendeuouz for lame souldiers to retire vnto , is an Hospitall : and at the end of a long Progresse , the onely ground for a tyred Iade to runne in , is some blind country faire , where hée may be sure to be sold . To these Markets of vnwholesome Horse-flesh , ( like so many Kites to f●ede vpon Carion ) doe all the Horse-coursers ( that roost about the Citie ) flye one after another . And whereas in buying all other commodities , men striue to haue the best , how great so euer the price be , onely the Horsecouser is of a baser minde , for the worst Horse-flesh ( so it be cheape ) does best goe downe with him . Hée cares for nothing but a fayre out-side , and a hansome shape ( like those that hyre whores , ) though there be an hundred diseases within : he ( as the other ) ventures vpon them all . The first lesson therefore that a Horse-courser takes out , when he comes to one of these Markets , is to make choyce of such Nags , Geldings , or Mares , especially , as are fat , fayre , and well-fauor'd to the eye : and because men delight to behold beautifull colours , and thath some colours are more delicate ( euen in beasts ) then others are , hée will so néere as hée can , bargaine for those horses that haue the daintiest complexion : as the Milke-white , the Gray , the Dapple-Gray , the Cole blacke with his proper markes ( as the white starre in the fore-head , the white héele , &c. ) or the bright Bay , with the like proper ●●arkes also . And the goodlier proportion the beast carries or the fayrer markes or colour that hée ●eares , are or ●●ght to be watch-words as it were to him that after●ards buyes him of the horse courser , that hée be not coozend with an ouer-price for a had peny-worth , because such Horses ( belonging for the most part to Gentlemen ) are seldome or neuer solde away , but vpon some fowle quality , or some incurable disease , which the Beast is falne into . The Best colours are therefore the best Cloakes to hide those fa●●ts that most disfigure a Horse : and next vnto colour , his Pace doth often-times deceiue and goe beyond a very quicke Iudgement . Some of these Horse-hunters , are as nimble Knaues in finding out the infirmities of a Iade , as a Barber is in drawing of téeth : and albeit ( without casting his water ) hée does more readily reckon vp all the Aches , Crampes , Crickes , and whatsoeuer disease else lyes in his bones : and for those diseases seemes vtterly to dislike him , yet if by looking vpon the Dyall within his mouth , he finde that his yeeres haue struck but fiue , sixe , or seuen : and that he prooues but young , or that his diseases are but newly growing vpon him , if they be outward , or haue but hayre and skin to hide them , if they be inward , let him sweare neuer so damnably , that it is but a Iade , yet he will be sure to fasten vpon him . So then , a Horse-courser to the Merchant , ( that out of his sound iudgement buyes the fairest , the best bred , and the noblest Horses , selling them againe for bréede or seruice , with plainnesse and honesty , ) is as the Cheator to the faire Gamester : hée is indéed a meere Iadish Nonopolitane , and deales for none but tyred , tainted , dull and diseased horses . By which meanes , if his picture be drawne to the life , you shall finde euery Horse-courser for the most part to be in quality a coozener , by profession a knau , by his cunning a Varlet , in fayres a Hagling Chapman , in the Citie a Cogging dissembler , and in Smith-field a common forsworne Villaine . Hée will sweare any thing , but the faster hée sweares , the more danger t is to beleeue him : In one forenoone , and in seiling a Iade not worth fiue Nobles , will hée forsweare himselfe fiftéene times , and that forswearing too shall be by Equiuocation . As ●ée example , if an ignorant Chap-man comming to beatethe price , say to the Horse-courser your nagge is verie old , or thus many yéeres old , and reckon ten or twelue : hée claps his hand presently on the buttocke of the beast , and prayes he may be damb's if the Horse be not vnder fiue , meaning that the horse is not vnder fiue yeeres of age , but that hée standes vnder fiue of his fingers , when his hand is clap'd vpon him . These Horse-coursers are called Iynglers , and these Iynglers hauing laide out theirmony on a company of Iades , at some drunken fayre , vp to London they driue them , and vpon the Market day into Smithfield brauely come they prauncing . But least their Iades should shew too many horse-trickes in Smith-field , before so great an Audience as commonly resort thither , their maisters doe therefore Schooe them at home after this manner . How a Horse-courser workes vpon a Iade in his own Stable , to make him seruiceable for a couzening Race in Smith-field . THe Glanders in a horse is so filthy a disease , that he who is troubled with it can neuer kéepe his nose cleane : so that when such a foule-nosed Iade happens to serue a Horse-courser , hée hath more strange pil● ( then a Pothecarie makes ) for the purging of his head , he knows that a horse with such a qualitie , is but a beastly companion to trauell vpon the high way with any Gentleman . Albeit therefore that the Glanders haue played with his Nose so long , that hée knowes not how to mend him-selfe , but that disease being suffered to runne vpon him many yeeres together is growne inumcible , yet hath our Ingling Mountihancke Smith-field-rider , a trick to cure him , fiue or sixe waies : and this is one of them . In the very morning when hée is to be rifled away amongst the Gamsters in Smithfield , before hée thrust his head out of his Maisters Stable , the Horse courser tickles his nose ( not with a Pipe of Tobacco ) but with a good quantitie of the best Néesing powder that can be gotten : which with a quil being blown vp into the Nostrills , to make it worke the better , he stands poaking there vp and downe with two long feathers plucked from the wing of a Goose , they being dipt in the iuyce of Garlicke , or in any strong oyle , and thrust vp to the verie top of his head , so farre as possibly they can reach , to make the pore dumbe beast auoide the filth from his nostrils , which hée will doe in great aboundance : this being done , hée comes to him with a new medicine for a sicke horse , and mingling the iuyce of Bruzed Garlike , sharpe biting Mustard , and strong Ale together , into both the Nostrils ( with a Horne ) is powred a good quantitie of this filthy Broth , which by the hand being held in by stopping the nostrils close together , at length with a little néezzing more , his nose will be cleaner then his Maisters the Horse-courser , and the filth be so Artificially stop'd that for eight or ten houres a Iade will holde vp his head with the prowdest Gelding that gallops scornefully by him , and neuer haue néed of wiping . This is one of the Comedies a Common horse-courser playes by himselfe at home , but if when hée comes to act the second part abroad , you would disgrace him , and haue him hissed at for not playing the Knaue well , then handle him thus : If you suspect that the Nagge which hee would Iade you with , be troubled with that or any other such like disease , gripe him hard about the wesand pipe , close toward the roofe of the tongue , and holding him there so long and so forcibly , that hée cough twice or thrice , if then ( after you let goe your hold ) his chappes begin to walke as if hée were chewing downe a Horseleafe , shake hands with old Mounsier Cauiliero Horse-Courser , but clap no bargain vpon it , for his Iade is as full of infirmitie , as the Maister Villanie . Other Gambals that Horse-coursers practise vpon Foundred Horses , old Lades , &c. SMithfield is the Stage vpon which the Mountibanke English Horse-courser aduancing his banner , defies any disease that dares touch his Prancer : Insomuch that if a horse be so olde , as that foure legs can but carry him , yet shall he beare the markes of an Nag not aboue sixe or seauen yeeres of age : and that counterfeit badge of youth , hée weares thus : The Horse-courser with a small round yron made very hot , burnes two blacke hoses in the top of the two out-most téeth of each side the out-side of the Horse mouth vpon the nether téeth , and so likewise of the téeth of the vpper chap , which stand opposit to the nether , the qualitie of which markes is to shew that a horse is but yong : but if the iade be so old that those téeth are dropt out of his head , then is there a tricke still to be fumbling about his old chaps , and in that strooking his chin , to pricke his lips closely with a pin or a naile , till they be so tender , that albeit be were a giuen horse none could be suffered to looke him in the mouth ( which is one of the best Calender to tell his age ) but a reasonable sighted eye ( without helpe of spectacles ) may easily discouer this Iugling , because it is grosse and common . If now a Horse ( hauing béene a sore Trauailer ) happen by falling into a cold sweate to be Foundred , so that ( as if hée were druncke or had the staggers ) he can scarce stand on his legges , then will his maister , before hée enter into the lists of the field against all commers , put him into a villanous chasing by ryding him vp and downe a quarter , or halfe an houre , till his limbes be thoroughly heated , and this hée does , because so long as hée can discharge that false fire , or that ( being so collerickly hatte ) hée tramples onely vpon soft ground , a very cunning Horseman shall hardly finde where his shooe wrings him , or that hée is Fowndred . And ( to blinde the eyes of the Chapman ) the Horse-courser will be euer tickling of him with his wand , because hée may not by standing still like an Asse , shew of what house he comes . If a Horse come into the fielde ( like a lame soldier ) Halting , hée has not Crutches made for him , as the soldier hath , but because you shall thinke the Horses shooemaker hath serued him like a Iade , by not fitting his foote well , the shooe shall be taken off purposely from that foote which halts , as though it had béene lost by chance : And to proue this , witnesses shall come in , if at least twenty or thirty damnable oathes can be taken , that the want of the Shooe is onely the cause of his Halting . But if a Horse cannot be lustie at legges , by reason that either his hoofes be not good , or that there be Splents , or any other Eye-sore about the nether Ioynt , the Horse-courser vses him then as Cheating Swaggerers handle Nouices , what they cannot winne by the Dyce , they will haue by Foule-play : and in that foule manner , deales hée with the poore horse , ryding him vp and downe in the thickest and the durtiest places , till that durt , like a ruffled boote drawne vpon an ill-fauour'd gowtie legge , couer the Iades infirmitie from the eye of the Buyer . How a Horse-courser makes a Iade that has no stomach , to eate Lamb-pye . ALbeit Lamb-pie be good meat vpon a table , yet it is so offensiue to a horses stomach , that he had rather be fed a moneth together with mustie oates , than to taste it : Yet are not all Horses bidden to this Lamb-pye-Breakefasts , but onely such as are dyeted with no other meate : and those are Dull , Blockish , Sullen , and heauie footed Iades , When-soeuer therefore a Horse-courser hath such a Dead commoditie , as a Lumpish slow Iade , that goes more heauily then a Cow when shée trots , and that neither by a sharpe bitte nor a tickling spurre he can put him out of his lazie and dogged pace , what does hée with him then ? Onely hee giues him Lambpie . That is to say , euery morning when the Horse-courser comes into the Stable , hée takes vp a tough round cudgell , and neuer leaues fencing with his Quarter-staffe at the poore Horses sides and buttockes , till with blowes hée hath made them so tender , that the verry shaking of a bough will be able to make the horse ready to runne out of his wittes . And to kéepe the horse still in this mad mood , because he shall not forget his lesson , his maister will neuer come néer him , but he will haue a fling at him : If he doe touch him , hée strikes him : if he speakes to him , there is but a word and a blow : if he doe but looke vpon him , the Horse flings and takes on , as though hée would breake through the walles , or had béene a Horse bredde vp in Bedlam amongst mad folkes . Hauing thus gotten this hard lesson by heart , forth comes he into Smithfield to repeat it , where the Rider shall no sooner leap into the saddle but the Horse-courser giuing the Iade ( that is halfe scarred out of his wits already ) thrée or foure good bangs , away flies Bucephalus as if young Alexander were vpon his backe . No ground can holde him , no bridle raine him in , hée gallops away as if the Diuell had hired him of some Hackney-man , and scuds through thicke and thinne , as if crackers had hung at his héeles . If his taile play the wag , and happen to whiske vp and downe ( which is a signe that hée does his feates of Actiuitie , like a Tumblers prentice , by compulsion and without taking pleasure in them ( then shall you sée the Horse-courser laie about him like a thrasher , till with blowes hée make him carry his taile to his Buttockes : which in a Horse ( contrary to the nature of a Dog ) is an argument that hée hath mettell in him and Spirit , as in the other it is the note of cowardise . These and such other base iuglings are put in practise , by the Horse-courser ; in this manner comes hée arm'd into the field : with such bad and deceiptfull commodities does he furnish the markets . Neither steps he vpon the diuels stage alone , but others are likewise Actors in the selfe-same Scene , and sharers with him : for no sooner shall mony be offred for a Horse , but presently one Snake thrusts out his head and stings the buyer with false praises of the Horses goodnesse : An other throwes out his poisoned hooke and whispers in the Chapmans erre , that vpon his knowledge so much or so much hath béene offred by foure or fiue , and would not be taken : and of these Rauens there be sundry nests , but all of them as blacke in soule as the Horse-courser ( with whom they are yoaked ) is in conscience . This Regiment of Horse-men is therefore deuided into foure Squadrons . viz. 1 When Horse-coursers trauaile to country faires , they are called Iynglers . 2 When they haue the leading of the Horse , and serue in Smithfield , they are Drouers . 3 They that stand by and cony-catch the Chapman , either with Out-bidding , false-praises , &c. are called Goades . 4 The hoyes , striplings , &c. that haue the ryding of the Iades vy and downe , are called Skip-iackes . Iacke in a Boxe : Or a new kinde of Cheating , teaching how to change golde into Siluer : vnto which is added a Map , by which a man may learne how to trauell all ouer England , and haue his charges borne . CHAP. XI . HOw many Trees of Euill are growing in this countrie , how tall they are , how Mellow is their fruit , and how gréedily gathered , so much ground doe they take vp , and so thickly doe they stand together , that it séemeth a kingdom can bring forth no more of their nature , yes , yes , there are not halfe so many Riuers in Hell , in which a soule may saile to damnation , as there are Blacke Streames of Mischiefe and Villany ( besides all those which in our Now-two Voyages wée haue ventured so many leagues vp , for discouerie ) in which thousandes of people are continually swimming , and euerie minute in danger vtterly to be cast away . The Horse-Courser of hell , after hée had durtyed him-selfe with ryding vp and downe Smithfield , and hauing his beast vnder him , gallopped away amaine to beholde a race of fiue myles by a couple of Running-Horses , vpon whose swiftnesse great summes of money were laide in wagers . In which Schoole of Horse-manship ( wherein for the most part none but Gallants are the Studients ) hée construed but strange Lectures of Abuses : hée could make large Comments vpon those that are the Runners of those Races , and could teach others how to loose fortie or fiftie pound pollitickely in the fore-noone , and in the after-noone ( with the selfe-same Gelding ) to winne a thousand markes in fiue or sixe myles riding . Hée could tell how Gentlemen are fetched in and made younger brothers , and how your new Knight comes to be a Couzen of this Race . Hée could draw the true pictures of some fellowes , that dyet these Running-Horses , who for a bribe of forty shillings can by a false Dye , make their owne Maisters loose a hundred pound a race . Hée could shew more craftie Foxes in this wilde-goose chase , then there are white Foxes in Russia , and more strange Horse-trickes plaide by such Riders , then Bankes his curtall did euer practise ( whose Gamballs of the two , were the honester . ) But because this sort of Birdes haue many feathers to loose , before they can féele any colde , hée suffers them to make their owne flight , knowing that prodigalls doe but test at the stripes which other mens rods giue them , and neuer complaine of smarting , till they are whip'd with their owne . In euerie Corner did he finde Serpents ingendering : vnder euerie roofe some impyetie or other lay breeding : but at last perceiuing that the most part of men were by the sorcerie of their own diuelish conditions transformed into Wolues , and being so changed were more brutish & bloody , then those that were Wolues by nature : his spléene leap'd against his ribbes with laughter , and in the height of that ioy , resolued to write the villanies of the world in Folio , and to dedicate them in priuate to his Lord and Maister , because hée knew him to be an open-handed patron , albeit he was no great louer of schollers . But hauing begunne one picture of a certaine strange Beast , ( called Iacke in a Boxe ) that onely ( because the Citie had giuen money already to sée it ) hée finished : and in these colours was Iacke in a Boxe drawne . It hath the head of a man ( the face well bearded ) the eyes of a Hawke , the tongue of a Lap-wing , which saies heere it is , when the nest is a good way off : it hath the stomacke of an Estrich , and can disgest siluer , as easily as that Bird doth Yron . It hath the pawes of a Beare instead of handes , for whatsoeuer it fastneth vpon it houldes : From the middle downe-wardes , it is made like a Gray-hound , and is so swift of foote , that if it once get the Start of you , a whole Kennel of Hounds cannot ouertake it . It loues to hunt dry-foote , and can Scent a Traine in no ground so well as the Citie , and yet not in all places of the Citie . But hée is best in Scenting betwéene Ludgate and Temple-barre : and it is thought that his next hunting shall be betwéene Lumbard-streete and the Gold smithes Row in Cheadeside . Thus much for his outward parts , now you shall haue him vnrip'd , and sée his inward . This Iacke in a Boxe , or this Deuill in mans shape , wearing ( like a player on a Stage , good cloathes on his backe , comes to a Golde-smithes Stall , to a Drapers , a Haberdashers , or into any other shop where hée knows good store of siluer faces are to be séene . And there drawing foorth a faire new boxe , hammered all out of Siluer Plate , hée opens it , and powres foorth twentie or forty Twentie-shilling-peeces in New Golde . To which heape of Worldly-Temptation , thus much hée addes in words , that either hee him-selfe , or such a Gentleman ( to whom hée belongs ) hath an occasion for foure or fiue daies to vse fortie pound . But because hée is verie shortly , ( nay hée knows not how suddenly ) to trauaile to Venice , to Ierusalem or so , and would not willingly be disfurnished of Golde , hée dooth therefore request the Cittizen to lend ( vpon those Forty twenty-shilling-peeces ) so much in white money ( but for foure , fiue or sixe daies at most ) and for his good-will hée shall receiue any reasonable satisfaction . The Cittizen ( knowing the pawne to be better then a Bond ) powres downe fortie pound in siluer , the other drawes it , and leauing so much golde in Hostage , marcheth away with Bag and Baggage . Fiue daies being expired , Iacke in a boxe ( according to his Bargaine ) being a man of his word , comes againe to the Shop or stall ( at which hée angles for fresh fish ) and there casting out his line with the siluer hooke , that is to say , pouring out the fortie pound which hée borrowed , The Cittizen sends in , or steps himselfe for the Boxe with the Golden deuill in it : it is opened , and the army of angels being mustred together , they are all found to be there . The Boxe is shut agen and set on the Stall , whilst the Cittizen is telling of his money : But whilst this musicke is sounding , Iacke in a Boxe actes his part in a dumb shew thus ; hée shifts out of his fingers another Boxe of the Tame mettall and making , that the former beares , which second Boxe is filled onely with shillings and being poized in the hand , shall séeme to cary the weight of the former , and is clap'd down in place of the first . The Cittizen in the meane time ( whilst this Pit-fall is made for him ) telling the fortie poundes , mi●●eth thirtie or fortie shilling in the whole summe , at which the Iacke in a Boxe starting backe ( as if it were a matter strange vnto him ) at last making a gathering within himselfe ) for his wits , hée remembers ( hée saies ) that hée said by so much money as is wanting ( of the fortie poundes ) to dispatch some businesse or other , and forgot to put it into the Bag againe , notwithstanding , hée intreates the Cittizen , to kéepe his Golde still , hée will take the white money home to fetch the rest , and make vp the Summe , his absence shall not be aboue an houre or two : before which time hée shall be sure to heare of him , and with this the little Diuell vanisheth , carrying that away with him , which in the end will send him to the Gallowes , ( that is to say , his owne Gold , ) and fortie pound besides of the Shop-kéepers , which hée borrowed , the other being glad to take fortie shillings for the whole debt , and yet is soundly box'd for his labour . This Iacke in a Boxe , is yet but a Chicken , and hath laide verie few Egges , if the Hang-man doe not spoyle it with treading , it will prooue an excellent Henne of the Game . It is a knot of Cheators but newly tyed , they are not yet a company . They flie not like Wilde-Géese ( in stockes ) but like Kites ( single ) as loath that any should share in their pray . They haue two or thrée names , ( yet they are no Romanes , but errant Rogues ) for some-times they call themselues Iacke in a Boxe , but now that their infantrie growes strong , and that it is knowne abroad , that they carrie the Philosophers stone about them , and are able of fortie shillings to make fortie pound , they therefore vse a deade March , and the better to cloake their villanies , doe put on these Masking suites : viz. 1 This art or sleight of changing golde into siluer , is called Trimming . 2 They that practise it , terme them-selues Sheepe-shearers . 3 The Gold which they bring to the Cittizen , is called Iasons Fleece . 4 The siluer which they picke vp by this wandring , is White-wooll . 5 They that are Cheated by Iacke in a Boxe , are called Bleaters . Oh Fléete-stréete , Fléete-stréete ! how hast thou béene trimd , washed , Shauen and Polde , by these déere and damnable Barbers ? how often hast thou mette with these Sheepe-shearers ? how many warme flakes of wooll haue they pulled from they Backe , yet if thy Bleating can make the flockes that graze néere vnto thée and round about thée , to lift vp their eyes , & to shunne such Wolues and Fores , when they are approaching , or to haue them worryed to death before they sucke the blood of others , thy misfortunes are the lesse , because thy neighbours by them shall be warned from danger . Many of thy Gallants ( O Fléete-stréete ) haue spent hundreds of poundes in thy presence , and yet neuer were so much as drunke for it : but for euerie fortye pound that thou layest out in this Indian commoditie ( of Gold ) thou hast a Siluer Boxe bestowed vpon thée , to carry thy Tobacco in , because thou hast euer loued that costlye and Gentleman-like Smoake . Iacke in a Boxe hath thus plaide his part . There is yet another Actor to step vpon the stage , and he séemes to haue good skil in Cosmography for hée holdes in his hand a Map , wherein hée hath layde downe a number of Shires in England , and with small prickes hath beaten but a path , teaching how a men may easily , ( tho not verry honestly ) trauell from Country to Country , and haue his charges borne ; and thus it is . He that vnder-takes this strange iourney , layes his first plotte how to be turned into a Braue man , which he findes can be done by none better then by a trusty Tailor : working therefore hard with him , till his suite be granted , Out of the Citie , being mounted on a good gelding hée rides , vpon his owne bare credit , not caring whether hée trauell to méete the Sunne at this Rysing , or at his going downe . Hée knowes his Kitchin smokes in euery countie , and his table is couered in euery Shire . For when he comes within a mile of the Towne , where hée meanes to catche Quailes , setting Spurres to his Horse , away hée gallops , with his cloake off ( for in these Beseigings of Townes hée goes not armed with any , his Hatte thrust into his Hose , as if it were lost , and onely an emptie paire of Hangers by his side , to shew that hée had béene disarmed . And you must note , that this Hot-spurre does neuer set vpon any places but onely such , where hée knowes ( by intelligence ) there are store of Gentlemen , or wealthy Farmers at the least . Amongst whom when hée is come , hée tels with distracted lookes , and a voice almost breathlesse , how many Villaines set vpon him , what golde and siluer they tooke from him , what woods they are fled into , from what part of England hée is come , to what place he is going , how farre hée is from home , how farre from his fornies end , or from any Gentleman of his acquaintance , and so liuely personates the lying Greeke ( Synon ) in telling a lamentable tale , that the mad Troianes ( the Gentlemen of the towne , beléeuing him , and the rather because hée carries the shape of an honest man in shew , and of a Gentleman in his apparrell ) are liberall of their purses , lending him money to beare him on his iourney , to pay which hée offers either his bill or bond ( naming his lodging in London ) or giues his word ( as he is a Gentleman ) which they rather take , knowing the like misfortune may be theirs at any time . And thus with the feathers of other birdes , is this Monster stucke , making wings of sundry fashions , with which hée thus basely flies ouer a whole kingdom . Thus doth he ride from Towne to Towne , from Citie to Citie as if he were a Land-lord in euery shire , and that hée were to gather Rents vp of none but Gentlemen . There is a Twin-brother to this Falsegalloper , and hée cheats Inne-keepers onely , or their Tapsters , by learning first what Country-men they are , and of what kindred : and then bringing counterfeit letters of commendations from such an Vncle , or such a Coozen ( wherin is requested , that the Bearer thereof may be vsed kindely ) he lyes in the Inne till he haue fetcht ouer the Maister or seruant for some mony ( to draw whom to him he hath may hookes ) and when they hang fast enough by the gils , vnder water Our Sharke diues , and is neuer séene to swimme againe in that Riuer . Vpon this Scaffold ; also might be mounted a number of Quack-saluing Emperickes , who ariuing in some Country towne , clappe vp their Terrible Billes , in the Market-place , and filling the Paper with such horrible names of diseases , as if euery disease were a Diuell , and that they could coniure them out of any Towne at their pleasure . Yet these Beggerly Mountibanckes are méere Coozeners , and haue not so much skill as Horseléeches . The poore people not giuing money to them to be cured of any infirmities , but rather with their money buying worse infirmities of them . Vpon the same post , doe certain stragling Scribling Writers deserue to haue both their names and themselues hung vp , in stéede of those faire tables which they hang vp in Townes , as gay pictures to intice Schollers to them : the Tables are written with sundry kindes of hands , but not one finger of those hands ( not one letter there ) drops from the Penne of such a false wandring Scribe . Hée buyes other mens cunning good cheape in London , and sels it déere in the Country . These Swallowes bragge of no qualitie in them so much as of swiftnesse . In foure and twenty houres , they will worke foure and twenty wonders , and promise to teach those , that know no more what belongs to an A then an Asse , to be able ( in that narrow compasse ) to write as faire and as fast as a country Vicar , who commonly reads all the Townes Letters . But wherefore doe these counterfeit Maisters of that Noble Science of Writing , kéepe such a florishing with the borrowed weapons of other Mens Pennes ? onely for this , to gette halfe the Birdes ( which they striue to catch ) into their hands , that is to say , to be payed halfe the money which is agréed vpon for the Scholler , and his nest being halfe fild with such Gold-finches , hée neuer stayes till the rest be fledge , but suffers him that comes next , to beate the bush for the other halfe . At this Caréere the Ryder that set out last from Smith field , stop'd : and alighting from Pacolet ( the horse that carried him ) his nextiourney was made on foote . The Bel-mans second Night-walke . CHAP. XII . SIr Lancelot of the infernall Lake , or the Knight Errant of Hell , hauing thus ( like a young Country gentleman ) gone round about the Citie , to sée the sights not onely within the walles , but those also in the Suburbes , was glad when hée sawe night hauing put on the vizard that Hell lends her ( called darkenes to leap into her Coach ) because now hée knew hée should méete with other strange birdes and beasts fluttring from their nests , and crawling out of their dennes . His prognostication held currant , and the foule weather ( which hée fore-told ) fell out accordingly . For Candle-light had scarce opened his eye ( to looke at the Citie , like a gunner shooting at a marke , ) but fearefully ( their féet trembling vnder them ) their eyes suspitiously rouling from euery nooke to nooke round about them , and their heads ( as if they stood vpon oyled skrewes ) still turning backe behinde them , came créeping out of hollow trées , where they lay hidden , a number of couzning Bankrupts , in the shapes of Owles , who when the Marshall of light , the Sunne , went vp and downe to search the Citie , durst not stir abroad , for feare of being houted at and followed by whole flockes of vndone creditors . But now when the stage of the world was hung in blacke , they ietted vp and downe like proud Tragedians . O what thankes they gaue to Darknesse ! what * songs they balladed out in praise of Night , for bestowing vpon them so excellent a cloake , wherein they might so safely walke muffled ▪ Now durst they , as if they had béene Constables , rap alowd at the dores of those to whom they owed most mony , and braue them with hie wordes , tho they payd them not a penny . Now did they boldly step into some priuiledged Tauerne , and there drinke healths , dance with Harlots , and pay both Drawers and Fidlers after mid-night with other mens money , and then march home againe fearelesse of the blowes that any showlder-clapper durst giue them . Out of another nest flew certaine Murderers and Theeues in the shapes of Skreech-owles , who , being set on by the Night , did beate with their bold and venturous fatall wings at the very dores , whereas in former times , their villanies had entred . Not farre from These , came crawling out of their bushes a company of graue and wealthy Lechers , in the shapes of Glowe-wormes , who with Gold , Iyngling in their pockets , made such a shew in the night , that the dores of Common Brothelryes flew open to receiue them , tho in the day time they durst not passe that way , for feare that noted Currizans should challenge them of acquaintance , or that others should laugh at them to sée white heads growing vpon greene stalkes . Then came forth certaine infamous earthy minded Creatures , in the shapes of Snailes , who all the day time hiding their heads in their shells , least boies should with two fingers point at them for liuing basely vpon the prostitution of their wiues bodies , cared not now , before candle-light to shoote out their largest Hornes . A number of other monsters , like These , were séene ( as the sunne went downe ) to venture from their dennes , onely to ingender with Darknesse : but candle-lights eye-sight growing dimmer and dimmer , and he at last falling starke blind , Lucifers Watch-man went stumbling vp and downe in the darke . How to weane Horses . EVery dore on a sudden was shut , not a candle stood péeping through any window , not a Vintner was to be séene brewing in his Cellor , not a drunkerd to be met reeling , not a Mouse to be heard stiring : al the citie shewed like one Bed , and al in that Bed were soundly cast into a sléepe . Noyse made no noise , for euery one that wrought with the hammer was put to silence . Yet notwithstanding when euen the Diuel himselfe could haue béene contented to take a nap , there were few Inkeepers about the towne but had their spirits walking . To watch which spirits what they doe , our Spy , that came lately out of the Lowercountries , stole into one of their Circles , where lurking very closely , he perceiued that when all the guests were profoundly sléeping , when Carriers were soundly snorting , and not so much as the chamberlaine of the house but was layd vp , suddenly out of his bed started an hostler , who hauing no apparrell on but his shirt , a paire of slip-shooes on his féete , & a Candle burning in his hand , like olde Ieronimo , step'd into the stable amongst a number of poore hungry Iades , as if that night he had béene to ride poast to the Diuell . But his iorney not lying that way till some other time , he neither bridled nor sadled any of his foure-footed guests that stood there at racke and manger , but séeing them so late at supper , and knowing that to ouer-eate them-selues would fill them full of diseases , ( they being subiect to aboue a hundred & thirty already ) hée first ( without a voyder ) after a most vnmanerly fashion tooke away , not onely all the Prouander that was set before them , but also all the hay , at which before they were glad to licke their lippes . The poore Horse looked very rufully vpon him for this , but hée rubbing their téeth onely with the end of a Candle ( in stéed of a Corrall ) tolde them , that for their Iadish trickes it was now time to weane them : And so wishing them not to be angry if they lay vpon the hard boards , considering all the beddes in the house were full , backe againe hée stole to his Couch , till breake of day : yet fearing least the sunne should rise to discouer his knauery , vp hée started , and into the stable hée stumbled , scarce halfe awake , giuing to euery Iade a bottle of hay for his breake-fast , but all of them being troubled with the greazy tooth-ach , could eare none ; which their maisters in the morning espying swore they were either sullen or els that prouender pricked them . This Hostler for this péece of seruice was afterwards preferred to be one of the Groomes in Belzebubs stable . Another Night-peece drawne in sundry collours . SHall I shew you what other bottomes of mischiefe Plutos Beadle saw wound vpon the blacke spindels of the Night , in this his priuy search ? In some stréetes hée met Mid-wiues running , till they sweat , & following them close at héeles , hée spied them to be let in , at the backe dores of houses , seated either in blind lanes , or in by-gardens : which houses had roomes builded for the purpose , where young Maides , being bigge with child by vnlawfull Fathers , or young wiues ( in their husbands abscence at sea , or in the warres ) hauing wrastled with batchilers or married men , till they caught falls , lay safely till they were deliuered of them . And for reasonable summes of mony , the bastards that at these windows crept into the world , were as closely now and then sent presently out of the * world , or else were so vnmannerly brought vp , that they neuer spake to their owne parents that begot them . In some stréetes he met seruants , in whose brest albeit the arrowes of the plague stucke halfe way , yet by cruelll maisters were they driued out of dores at mid-night and conuaid to Garden-houses , where they either died before next morning , or else were carried thither dead in their coffins , as tho they had lien sicke there before and there had dyed . Now and then at the corner of a turning hée spied seruants purloying fardels of their maisters goods , & deliuering them to the hands of common strumpets . This dore opened , and Lust with Prodigality were heard to stand closely kissing : and ( wringing one another by the hand ) softly to whisper out foure or fiue goodnights till they met abroad the next morning . A thousand of these comedies were acted in dumbe shew , and onely in the priuate houses : at which the Diuells messenger laught so loude that Hell heard him , and for ioy rang foorth loud and lustie Plaudities . But being driuen into wonder why the night would fall in labour , and bring foorth so many Villanies , whose births she practised to couer ( as shée had reason ) because so many watchmen were continually called and charged to haue an eye to her dooings , at length hée perceiued that Bats ( more vgly and more in number then these ) might flye vp and downe in darkenesse : for tho with their Letherne Wings they should strike the very billes out of those Watchmens handes , such leaden plummets were commonly hung by sléepe at all their eyelids , that hardly they could be awakned to strike them agen . On therefore hée walkes , with intent to hasten home , as hauing fil'd his Table-Bookes with sufficient notes of intelligence . But , at the last , méeting with the Bel-man , and not knowing what hée was , because hée went without his Lanthorne and some other implements : for the man in the Moone was vp the most part of the night , and lighted him which way soeuer hée turned , hée tooke him for some churlish Hobgoblin , séeing a long staffe on his necke , and therefore to be one of his owne fellowes . The Bel-ringer Smelling what strong scent hée had in his nose , soothed him vp , and questioning with him how hée had spent his time in the citie , and what discouery of Land-villanies hée had made in this Iland voiage : tho Mariner of hell , opened his chart , which he had lined with all abuses , lying either East , West , North , or South : hée shewed how hée had pricked it , vpon what points hée had saild , where hée put in : vnder what height hée kept him-selfe : where hée went a shore , what strange people he met : what land hée had discouered , and what commodities hée was laden with from thence . Of all which the Bel-man drawing forth a perfect Map , they parted : which Map hée hath set out in such collors as you sée , tho not with such cunning as hée could wish : the paines are his owne , the pleasure , if this can yéelde any pleasure , onely yours , on whom hée bestowes it : to him that embraceth his labours , hée dedicates both them and his loue : with him that either knows not how , or cares not to entertaine them , hée will not be angry , but onely to Him sayes thus much for a farrewell . — Si quid Nouisti rectius istis , Candidus imperti : Si non , His vtere mecum , Heere endeth the Bel-man . O per se O. LONDON : Printed for Iohn Busbie , and are to be sould at his shop in Fleetestreet in S. Dunstans Church-yard . 1612. O , per se O. ANd so Good-morrow ( Goodman Bel-man of London : ) your Night-piece is drawne , and my Day-worke is now to begin . Let my morning therefore I pray you be your midnight , and now when all others rise to goe to their labours , ( who could scarce sléepe by reason of the noyse you made with your Clapper ) get you to your bed , and dreame vpon your pillow vpon some new discouerie . In that Map of Villanies , which you haue drawne in Print already , I like the handling of your Pensill , but not the laying on of your colours : they are smooth enough , but you haue not giuen them their true Swéetning , Heightning , and Shadowing . But I cannot blame you , because nocte latent mendae , Women , Horses and Colours are not to be chosen by candle-light : and you ( Gaffer Bell-man ) hauing no better guide , it is a wonder you stumbled no wore , considering you walked i' th darke . If therefore by my spectacles ( being clearer then yours ) I haue discouered more nests of Blacke-birds , ( I meane more Villanies of the Diuels owne hatching ) then euer flew to your ●●st , and were sold afterwards to sing in Shops in Paules Church-yard , it ought not to raise vp your coller an inch higher for all that , sithence in both our Land-discoueries our sailes are hoysted vp onely to doe good to the Common-wealth , and because the Notes which I sing may appeare to be of mine owne setting , and not eyther borrowed or stolne from any other . You shall know that seruing ( in the late Quéenes time ) many yéeres together in the office of an High-Constable , in that Countie , wherein I now dwell , I drew from the examination of such lewd persons as came before mée , the truth of all those villaynes which here I publish . In the mustring of this damned Regiment , I found , that whether they were Roagues taken in Romboyles ( that is to say , in Watches or Wardes ) by the Petty Harman Beck , ( who in their Company , signifies a petty Constable ) or whether they were such as in the Canting tongue are called Mawnderers ( of begging or demanding , ) whether they liued in Bowsing Kennes ( Ale-houses ) or what other course thread of life soeuer any of them all spunne , it was euer wound in a blacke bottome of the most pernicious making vp that the Diuell could teach them : insomuch that albeit the very Sun-beames could possibly haue written downe the discouerie of any grosse villanies , by them committed , they would as easily venture vpon damning , in denyall of it with oates , as if there had beene no hell for such offenders . For my better painting forth these Monsters , I once tooke one of them into my seruice ( being a sturdy , biglimde young fellow ) of him I desired some knowledge in their gibrish , but hée swore hée could not Cant , yet his Roague-ship séeing himselfe vsed kindly by mée , would now and then shoote out a word of Canting , and being thereupon asked why with oathes hée denyed it before , hée told mée , that they are sworne neuer to disclose their skill in Canting to any Housholder , for if they doe , the other Mawnderers or Roagues , Mill them ( kill them , ) yet hée for his part ( hée said ) was neuer sworne , because hée was a Clapperdogeon , that is to say , a Begger-borne . This Clapperdogeon staid with mée so long as hée durst , and then bingd a waste in a darkmans , stoole away from mée in the night time . So that what intelligence I got from him , or any other trained vp in the same Rudiments of Roaguery , I will briefely , plainely , and truely set downe , as I had it from my Diuellish Schoolemaister , whom I call by the name of O per se O. Of him I learned , that the cause why so many of this wicked Generation wander vp and downe this Kingdome is , the frée command , and abundant vse they haue of Women : for if you note them well , in their marching , not a Tatterdemalion walkes his round , ( be hée young , be hée olde ) but hée hath his Mort , or his Doxie at his héeles , ( his Woman , or his Whore ) for in hunting of their Rascall-déere this Law they hold , when they come to strike a Doe , if shée will not wap for a wyn ; let her Trine for a make , if shée will not — O per se O for a penny , let her hang for a halfe-penny . And this libertie of Wenching is increased by the almost infinite numbers of tipling houses , called Bowsing Kennes , or of Stalling Kennes , that is to say , houses where they haue ready money for any stolne goods : vnto which nests , birds flye of the same feather , that the owner is of : for if the Ale-seller , be a Horse-stealer , a Cut-purse , a Robber by the High way , a Cheater , &c. of the same coate are his guests . These houses are the Nurseries of Roagues and Thorues : for how could they bestow cloakes , shéetes , shirts , and other garments being stolne , if they had not Stalling Kennes to receiue them ? Why should Grunters ( Pigges ) goe whining out of the world , hauing their throates cut by Roagues , if they had not Bowsing Kennes to eate them in ? In the Ceremonie of whose ragged Assemblies , the Bell-man a little mistooke himselfe , for Driggers , Filchers and Cloyers being all ( in English ) Stealers , vse neyther roast-meate , nor spits in their Feastings , as hée furnisheth them , but when they entend to strike a hand , they leuie their damnable troopes in the day , but they sally forth , & share the spoyles in the night . For some one sturdy hell-hound aboue the rest , vndertakes to be the Miller ) that is to say , the Killer : ) I hope this can be no disgrace to any honest Miller , who is no théefe with a false Hopper ) And this Killer brings to the flaughter-house of the Diuell ( viz. a Bowsing Kenne ) a Bleating Chete , ( a Shéepe ) Another , Mils a Crackmans , breakes a hedge , and that wood heates the Ouen , whilest the Shéepe is dressed , cut in pieces , and put into earthen Pots , made for the purpose to bake their victuals in . The Ouens mouth being thus dawbed vp , out flye the little Diuels ( more dambde then the Ouen ) eyther to breake an house some two or thrée miles off , or to doe as bad a Villanie . The piece of Seruice being performed , a Retraite is sounded , and about mid-night they returne merrily , fall to their good-cheare manfully , and then diuide their spoyles of stolne shirts , smockes , or any thing else , most théeuishly . In which Partnership the Host and Hostesse are chiefe sharers , but such subtill shop-kéepers are these Habberdashers of the Diuels small Wares , that they neuer set out to sell , but when the coast is cleare , and that ( as théeues doe among Brokers ) the Hue and Cryes throate be stopt that went balling after them : for about a seuen-night after , ( when all is hushd ) to the Stalling Kenne goes the Duds for Loure , to the théeuing house are the stolne cloathes sent roundly for money : which being told out and diuided , away flye these Rauens scatteringly , the next prey that they light vpon , being euer at some Faire , or else a market . And now that we talke of Fayres , let my penne gallop ouer a few lines , and it shall bring you ( without spurring ) swiftlier into Glocesser-shire , then if you rode vpon Pacolet : there if you please to alight néere Tewksbury , at a place called Durrest-Fayre , ( being kept there vpon the two Holy-Roode dayes ) you shall sée more Roagues , then euer were whipt at a Carts-arse through London , and more Beggers then euer came dropping out of Ireland . If you looke vpon them , you would thinke you liued in Henry the sixt time , and that Iacke Cade , and his rebellious rag-amuffins were there mustring . Dunkirke cannot shew such sharkes . The wilde Irish are but flockes of wilde-Géese to them . And these swarmes of Locusts come to this lowste Fayre , from all parts of the Land , within an hundred myles compasse . To describe the Boothes is lost labour , for let the Hang-man shew but his wardrop , and there is not a ragge difference betwéene them . None here stands crying , What doe you lacke ? for you can aske for nothing that is good , but here it is lacking . The Buyers and Sellers are both alike , tawnie Sunne-burnt Rasealds , and they flocke in such troopes , that it shewes as if hell were broke loose . The Shoppe-kéepers are Théeues , and the Chap-men Roagues , Beggers and Whores : so that to bring a purse-full of money hither , were madnesse : for it is sure to be cut . But would you know what Wares these Marchants of Eele-skinnes vtter ? onely Duds for the Quarrons , that is to say , cloathes for the body , which they haue pilfered from hedges or houses . And this filthy Fayre beginnes before day , and endeth before nine in the same morning : at which breaking vp , they doe not presently march away with their bagges and their baggages , but hée who is chosen the Lord of the Fayre , ( who is commonly the lustiest Roague in the whole Bunch ) leades his ●ottered foote-men and foote-women from Ale-house , to Ale-house , where being armed all in Ale-of-proofe , and their Ben Bowse ( the strong Liquor ) causing them to haue Nase Nabs ( drunken Coxecombes ) vp fling they the Cannes , downe goe the Boothes , about ●●ye broken Iugges : here lyes a Roague bléeding , there is a ●ort cursing , here a Doxie stabbing with her knife : and thus this Fayre which beginnes merrily , ends madly : for Knaues set it vp , and Queanes pull it downe . Yet to méete at this assembly , ( how farre off soeuer they be ) they will kéepe their day , though they hoppe thither vpon one crutch : and it is for seauen causes that thus they bestirre their stumps to be at this vpsitting , which are these , viz. 1 Euery one as his Roague-shippe is of bulke , or can best swagger , desireth to be chosen Lord of the Fayrs : or if hée loose his Lord-ship , yet to be a Retayner at least , and to fight vnder his tottered colours . 2 To méete with the Sister-hood and Brother-hood of Whores and Wallet-mongers . 3 To share such money as is taken for ( Duds and Cheates wonne ) cloathes and things stolne . 4 To know how the world goes abroad , what newes in the Deusuile , ( the Countrey , and where is Benship , ( Good ) or where ( Quire ) Naught . 5 To be Bowsie ( drunken ) for company . 6 To bandy their tawny and weather-beaten forces of Mawderers ( being of their owne Fraternitie ) against any other troope of Mountibankes , at any other Fayre or Market , where the lowesi Randeuouz is to be made . 7 Lastly , to enact new warme orders , for fresh stealing of cloathes , &c. with all manner of Armour for the body , but especially , Stamps ( Shooes ) because ( being Beggers ) they are seldome set on horse-backe . These are the seauen halters that draw these Hell-hounds to this Fayre , for the least of which seauen , they will venture a hanging . The Fayre is broken vp , and because it is their fashion at the trushing vp of their packes , to trudge away merrily , I will here teach you what O per se O is , being nothing else but the burden of a Song , set by the Diuell , and sung by his Quire : of which I will set no more downe but the beginning , because the middle is detestable , the end abhominable , and all of it damnable ▪ Thus it sounds : Wilt thou a begging goe , O per se , O. O per se , O. Wilt thou a begging goe ? Yes verily , yea . Then thou must God forsake , and to stealing thee betake . O per se , O. O per se , O. Yes verily yea , &c. This is the Musicke they vse in their Libkens ( their lodgings ) where thirtie or fourtie of them being in a swarme , one of the Maister Diuels sings , and the rest of his damned crew follow with the burden : In which mid-night Catter-wallings of theirs , nothing is heard but cursing and prophanation , and such swearing , as if they were all Knights of the Poste . Iewes did neuer crucifie Christ with more dishonour , then these Rakehels , who with new inuented fearefull oathes teare him in pieces : and no meruaile , for most of those who are Beggers borns , are neuer Christened : besides , they haue in their Canting , a word for the Diuell , or the plague , &c. as Ruffin for the one , and Cannikin for the other : but for God they haue none : onely they name him , but it is not in reuerence , but abuse : all their talke in their nasty Libk●ns , ( where they lye like Swine ) being of nothing , but Wapping , Nigling , Prigging , Cloying , Filching , Cursing , and such stuffe . Who therefore would pittie such impostors , whose faces are full of dissembling , hearts of villanie , mouthes of curses , bodies of soares ( which they call their great Cleymes ) but laid vpon their flesh by cunning ▪ whose going Abram ( that is to say naked ) is not for want of cloathes , but to stirre vp men to pittie , and in that pittie to coozen their deuotion : now whereas the Bel-man ( in his priuie search ) found out the nests of these Scréech-Owles , pulling off some of their feathers , onely to shew their vglinesse , but for want of good and perfect eye sight , not ●●eaing off their skinnes , as I here purpose to doe , and so to draw bloud . I will finish that which the Bell-man ( by being ouerwatchd ) left lame , and shew those abuses naked to the world , which hée neuer discouered . First therefore shall you behold the Abram-man in his true colours , his right shape , his owne ragges , and then shall you heare the phrase of his Mawnd or Begging . Next him comes marching the Counterfeit Souldier , with his Mawnding note too . At his taile follow Ben-feakers of Iybes , ( that is to say ) Counterfeiters of Passe-ports . Then Dommerars . Then Clapperdogeons in their true abiliments , and their true beggerly Rhetoricke they vse in begging . Then will I shew you how they hang together in Fraternities , and what Articles of Brother-hood they are sworne too : with a note ( as good as any Roagues marke they carry about them ) how to know these Knots of Knaues , or these Brother-hoods , their Names , their Libkins , or Lodgins , their Stawling Kennes , to which all stolne goods are brought . And lastly , to shew you that euen in their mirth they are Diuels , you shall heare their true Canting Songs now vsed among them . In setting downe all which hidden villanies , ( neuer till this day discouered ) you shall finde a mixture not onely of all those detestable subtilties , vsed in making those Soares which eate into their flesh , but also the trickes and medicines they haue ( without help of Surgeons ) to cure them . I will besides ( in their descriptions ) here and there sticke words and phrases of their gibbrish or beggerly language , giuing them the stampe presently of true English , which labour I take of purpose to procure delight to the Reader . Of the Abram , his description . THe Abram Coue , is a lustie strong Roague , who walketh with a Slade about his Quarrous ( a shéete about his body ) Trining , hanging to his hammes , bandeliere-wise , for all the world as Cut-purses and Théeues weare their shéetes to the Gallowes , in which their Tru●s are to bury them : oftentimes ( because hée scornes to follow any fashions of Hose , ) hée goes without bréeches , a cut Ierkin with hanging fléeues ( in imitation of our Gallants , ) but no Sa●tin or Chamblet elbowes , for both his legges and armes are bare , hauing no Commission to couer his body , that is to say , no shirt : A face staring like a Sarasin , his hayre long and filthily knotted , for hée kéepes no Barber : a good Filch ( or Staffe ) of growne Ash , or else Hazell , in his Famble ( in his Hand ) and sometimes a sharpe sticke , on which hée hangeth Ruffe-pecke ( Bacon . ) These , walking vp and downe the Countrey , are more terribly to women and Children , then the name of Raw-head and Blo●dy-bones , Robbin Good-fellow , or any other Hobgobling Crackers tyed to a Dogges tayle , make not the poore Curre runne faster , then these Abram Ninnies doe the silly Villages of the Countrey , so that when they come to any doore a begging , nothing is deuyed them . Their Markes . SOme of these Abrams haue the Letters E. and R. vpon their armes : some haue Crosses , and some other marke , all of them carrying a blew colour : some weare an iron ring , &c. which markes are printed vpon their flesh , by tying their arme hard with two strings thrée or feure inches asunder , and then with a sharpe Awle pricking or raizing the skinne , to such a figure or print as they best fancy , they rub that place with burnt paper , pisse and Gunpowder , which being hard rubd in , and suffered to dry , stickes in the flesh a long time after , when these markes faile , they renew them at pleasure . If you examine them how these Letters or Figures are printed vpon their armes , they will tell you it is the Marke of Bedlam , but the truth is , they are made as I haue reported . And to colour their villanie the better , euery one of these Abrams hath a seuerall gesture in playing his part : some make an horrid noyse , hollowly sounding : some whoope , some hollow , some shew onely a kinde of wilde distracted vgly looke , vttering a simple kinde of Mawnding , with these addition of words ( Well and Wisely . ) Some daunce , ( but kéepe no measure ) others leape vp and downe , and fetch Gambals , all their actions shew them to be as drunke as Beggers : for not to belye them , what are they but drunken Beggers ? All that they begge being eyther Loure or Bouse , ( money or drinke . ) Their Mawnd , or Begging . THe first beginnes Good Vrship . Maister , or good Vrships Rulers of this place , bestow your reward on a poore man that hath lyen in Bedlam without Bishops-gate three yeeres , foure moneths , and nine dayes , And bestow one piece of your small siluer towards his fees , which he is indebted there , the summe of three pounds , thirteene shillings , seauen pence , halfe-penny , ( or to such effect , ) and hath not wherewith to pay the same , but by the good help of Vrshipfull and well disposed people , and God to reward them for it . The second beginnes : Now Dame , well and wisely : what will you giue poore Tom now ? one pound of your sheepes feathers to make poore Tom a blanket : or one cutting of your Sow side , no bigger then my arme , or one piece of your Salt meate to make poore Tom a sharing horne : or one crosse of your small siluer towards the buying a paire of Shooes , ( well and wisely : ) Ah , God blesse my good Dame ( well and wisely ) giue poore Tom an old sheete to keepe him from the cold , or an old dublet , or Ierkin of my Maisters , God saue his life . Then will he daunce and sing , or vse some other Anticke , and ridiculous gesture , shutting vp his counterfeite Puppet-play , with this Epilogue or Conclusion , Good Dame giue poore Tom one cup of the best drinke , ( well and wisely , ) God saue the King and his Counsell , and the Gouernour of this place , &c. Of Counterfeit Souldiers . THese may well be called Counterfeit Souldiers , for not one ( scarce ) among the whole Armie of them , euer discharged so much as a Caliner : nothing makes them Souldiers but old Mandilions , which they buy at the Broakers . The weapons they carry are short Crabtrée Cudgels : and these , ( because they haue the name of Souldiers , ) neuer march but in troopes two or thrée in a company : of all sorts of Roagues these are the most impudent and boldest , for they knocke at mens doores , as if they had serious businesse there , whereas the doore being opened to them , they beginne this parle . Their Mawnding . GEntle Rulers of this place , bestow your reward vpon poore Souldiers , that are viterly maymed and spoyled in her Maiesties late warres , as vvell for Gods cause as her Maiesties and yours . And bestow one piece of your smal siluer vpon poore men , or somwhat towards a meales meate , to succour them in the way of truth , &c. for Gods cause . These Fellowes goe commonly hurt in the left arme , beneath the elbow , hauing a Iybe ierked , ( that is to say , a Passeport sealed ) with license to depart the colours , ( vnder which if you rightly examine them , they neuer fought , ) yet wheresoeuer the warres are , and how far off soeuer , thus can they wound themselues at home . Their making of their Soares . TAke vnslaked lime and Sope , with the rust of olde yron : these mingled together , and spread thicke on two pieces of leather which are clap vpon the arme , one against the other : two small pieces of wood ( fitted to the purpose ) holding the leathers downe , all which are bound hard to the arme with a Garter : which in a few howers fretting the skin with blisters , and being taken off , the flesh will appeare all raw , then a linnen cloath being applyed to the raw blistered flesh , it stickes so fast , that vpon plucking it off , it bléedes : which bloud ( or else some other , ) is rubd all ouer the arme , by which meanes ( after it is well dryed o● ) the arme appeares blacke , and the soare raw and reddish , but white about the edges like an old wound : which if they desire to heale , a browne paper with butter and ware being applyed , they are cured : And thus ( without weapon ) doe you see how our Mawndering Counterfeite Souldiers come maymed . Of placing their Soares . THe Souldier hath his Soare alwayes on his left arme , ( vnlesse hée be left-handed , for then because of the better vse of that hand it is vpon the right ) betwixt the elbow and the wrest , and is called by the name of Souldiers Mawnd . When a Soare is placed on the backe of the hand , and that hée saith hée was hurt by an horse , then it is called Foote-mans Mawnd . When the soare is aboue the elbow , as if it were broken , or hurt by falling from a Scaffold , it is called Masons Mavvnd . And thus the altring the place of the soare altereth the Mawnd . Of these counterfeit Souldiers , some of them being examined , will say they were lately Seruing-men , but their Maister being dead , and the Houshold dispersed , they are compelled to this basenesse of life for want of meanes . Some of them can play the Abram , ( be madde Toms , ) or else begge Rum Mawnd ( counterfeit to be a Foole ) or else that his tongue is tyed , and cannot speake , and such like . Of Ben-feakers of Iybes . THey who are Counterfeiters of Passeports , are called Ben-feakers , that is to say , Good-Makers : and these makers ( like the Diuels Hackney-men ) lye lurking in euery Countrey , to send his Messengers p●ste to hell . The best Passeports that euer I saw , were made in S. -shire , with the hand of one M. W. subscribed vnto them . There was another excellent Ben-feaker about P. a Towne in G. -shire . In S. dwelt another , who tooke two shillings and sire pence ( two Bordes and sire Winnes , ) or two Bordes and a Flagge , for euery Passeport that went out of his beggerly Office : hée counterfeited the Seale of L. D. Of these Ben-feakers I could say much more , if I would be counted a blabbe : but now the very best of them are made in L. to carry men from thence vnto W. How to know counterfeite Passe-ports . THe Seales of Noblemen , Gentlemen , Iustices , or any other who haue authoritie to vse Seales , are grauen in Siluer , Copper , or some hard stuffe : and those things which are so grauen seale the Armes or such like with sharpe edges , and with a round circle enclosing it , as if it were cut with an instrument of Stéele , and it maketh a neate and déepe impression : but these counterfeit Ierkes ( or Seales ) are grauen with the point of a knife , vpon a stickes end , whose roundnesse may well be perceiued from the circle of a common turnde Seale : these for the most part bearing the ill fauoured shape of a Buhars Nab , or a Prancers Nab ( a Dogges head , or a Horses , ) and sometimes an Vnicornes , and such like : the Counterfeit Ierke hauing no Circle about the edges . Besides , in the Passeport you shall lightly finde these wordes , viz. For Salomon saith ; Who giueth the poore , lendeth the Lord , &c. And that Constables shall help them to lodgings : And that Curates shall perswade their Parishioners , &c. Another note is , let them be in what part of the Land soeuer they will , yet haue they an hundred miles to goe at least : euery one of them hauing his Doxie at his héeles . And thus much of Ben-feakers . Of Dommerars . THe Bell-man tooke his markes amisse in saying that a Dommerar is equall to the Cranke , for of these Dommerars I neuer met but one , and that was at the house of one M. L. of L. This Dommerars name was W. hée made a strange noyse , shewing by fingers acrosse , that his tongue was cut out at Cha●ke-hill . In his hand hée carryed a sticke , about a foote in length , and sharpe at both ends , which he would thrust into his mouth , as if hée meant to shew the shew of his tongue . But in doing so , hée did of purpose hit his tongue with the stiche to make it bléede , which filling vp his month , you could not for bloud perceiue any tongue at all , because hée had turned it vpwards , and with his sticke thrust it into his throate . But I caused him to be held fast by the strength of men , vntill such time that opening his téeth with the end of a small cudgell , I pluckt forth his tongue , and made him speake . Of Clapperdogeons . A Clapperdogeon is in English a Begger borne : some call him a Pallyard : of which sorts there are two : first , Naturall : secondly , Artificiall . This fellow ( aboue all other that are in the Regiment of Roagues ) goeth best armed against the crueltie of Winter : hée should be wise , for hée loues to kéepe himselfe warme , wearing a patched Castor ( a Cloake ) for his vpper roabe : vnder that a Togmans ( a Gowne ) with high Stampers ( shooes ) the soles an inch thicke pegged , or else patches at his Girdle , ready to be clapt on : a great Scue ( a browne dish ) hanging at his girdle , and a tassell of Thrummes to wipe it . A brace of greasie Night-caps on his head , and ouer them ( least hée should catch a knauish colde ) a hat , ( or Nabcheate , ) a good Filch ( or Staffe ) in his hand , hauing a little yron pegge in the end of it : a Bugher ( a little Dogge ) following him , with a smugge Dorie , attyred fit for such a Roaguish Companion . At her backe shée carryeth a great packe , couered with a patched Saueguard , vnder which shée conueyeth all such things as shée filcheth : her skill sometimes is to tell Fortunes , to helpe the diseases of Women or Children . As shée walkes , shée makes bals or shirtstrings , ( but now commonly they knit ) and weares in her hat a néedle with a thread at it . An excellent Angler shée is : for when her Coue mawnds at any doore , if any Poultrie-ware be picking vp their crummes néere them , shée féedeth them with bread , and hath a thread tyed to a hooked pinne , baited for the nonce , which the Chickin swallowing is choaked , and conueyed vnder the Castor : Chickins , linnen or woollen , or any shing that is worth the catching , comes into her net . Vnder this Banner of the patched Clapperdogeon , doe I leuie all Pallyards , as well those of the great Cleyme , ( or Soares , ) as others , whom I tearme Artificiall Clapperdogeons , albeit they are not Beggersborue . Of their Mawnd . THis Pallyard ( or Artifieiall Clapperdogeon , who carryeth about him the great Cleyme ) to stirre compassion vp in peoples hearts , thus acteth his part : Hée slides to the earth by his staffe , and lying pittiously on the ground , makes a fearefull horrid strange noyse , through an hoarse throate vttering these lamentable tunes : Ah the vrship of God looke out with your mereifull eyne , one pittifull looke vpon sore , lame , grieued and impudent ( for impotent ) people , sore troubled with the grieuous disease , and haue no rest day nor night by the Canker and Worme , that continually eateth the flesh from the bone : for the Vrship of God bestow one Crosse of your small siluer ; to buy him salue and oyntment , to case the poore wretched body ; that neuer taketh rest : and 〈…〉 to reward you for it in heauen . These Pallyards walke two or thrée together , and as one giues ouer this note , the second catcheth it at the rebound , vsing the selfe-same howling and grunting , which ended , they say the Lords Prayer , and in many places the Aue , neuer ceasing till something be giuen them . How they make their great Soares , called the great Cleyme . THey take Crow-foote , Sperewort , and Salt , and bruising these together , they lay them vpon the place of the body which they desire to make sore : the skinne by this meanes being fretted , they first clappe a linnen cloath , till it sticke fast , which plucked off , the raw flesh hath Rats-bane throwne vpon it , to make it looke vgly : and then cast ouer that a cloath , which is alwayes bloudy and filthy , which they doe so often , that in the end in this hurt they féele no paine , neyther desire they to haue it healed , but with their Doxies will trauell ( for all their great Cleymes ) from Fayre to Fayre , and from Market to Market , being able by their Mawnding to get fiue Bordes ( that is , fiue shillings ) in a wéeke , in money and Corne. Which money they hide vnder blew and gréene patches : so that some-times they haue about them , sixe pound or seauen pound together . The Clapperdogeons that haue not the great Cleyme , are called Farmarly Beggers . Of their Fraternities . THere is no lustie Roague , but hath many both sworne Brothers , and the Morts his sworne Sisters : who vow themselues body and soule to the Diuell to performe these tenne Articles , following , viz. Articles of their Fraternities . 1 THou shalt my true Brother be , kéeping thy faith to thy other Brothers ( as to my selfe ) if any such thou haue . 2 Thou shalt kéepe my counsell , and all other my brothers , being knowne to thée . 3 Thou shalt take part with mée , and all other my brothers in all matters . 4 Thou shalt not heare me ill spoken of without reuenge to thy power . 5 Thou shalt sée mée want nothing , to which thou canst help mée . 6 Thou shalt giue mée part of all thy winnings whatsoeuer . 7 Thou shalt not but kéepe true pointments with mée for méetings , be it by day or night , at what place soeuer . 8 Thou shalt teach no Housholder to Cant , neyther confesse any thing to them , be it neuer so true , but deny the same with oathes . 9 Thou shalt doe no hurt to any Mawnder , but with thine owne hands : and thou shalt forbeare none that disclose these secrets . 10 Thou shalt take Cloathes , Hennes , Géese , Pigs , Bacon , and such like , for thy Winnings , where-euer thou canst haue them . How to know their Brotherhoods . VVHen at the end of a Towne , wherein a Fayre or Market is kept , you sée an assembly of them together chiding & brawling , but not fighting , then those Coues are sworne brothers . If likewise two Doxies fall together by the eares , whilest the Roagues themselues stand by and fight not , that also is a Brother-hood : for it is one branch of their Lawes to take part with their Doxies in any wrong . Of their Names . EVery one of them hath a peculiar Nicke-name , proper to himselfe , by the which hée is more knowne , more inquired after by his brothers , and in common familiaritie more saluted , then by his owne true name : yea , the false is vsed so much that the true is forgotten . And of these Nick-names , some are giuen to them for some speciall cause : as Olli Compolli , is the By-name of some one principall Roague amongst them , being an Abram , being bestowed vpon him , because by that hée is knowne to be the head or chiefe amongest them : In like manner these Sir-names following belong to other Grand Signiors and Commanders , viz. Dimber Damber , and Hurly Burly , Generall Nurse , The Hye Shreue , The High Constable , and such like : and some Nicke-names are eyther vpon mockery , or vpon pleasure giuen vnto them : as The Great Bull , The little Bull , and many other such like . The great Bull is some one notable lustie Roague , who gets away all their Wenches : for this Great Bull ( by report ) had in one yéere , thrée and twenty Doxies , ( his Iockie was so lustie ) such libertie haue they in sinning , and such damnable and most detestable manner of life doe they lead . As the men haue Nicke-names , so likewise haue the Women : for some of them are called The white Ewe , The Lambe , &c. And ( as I haue heard ) there was an Abram , who called his Mort , Madam Wap-apace . Of their Libkins or Lodgings . AS these fugitiue Vagabonds haue Nicke names to themselues , so haue they Libkins , or Lodgings , and places of méeting : as one of the méeting places ( as I haue heard ) bring a Shéepe-cote , is by the Quest of Roagues who nightly assemble there , called by the name of Stophole Abbey : so likewise another of their Lodgings is called by the same name . Then haue they others , as the blew Bull , the Prancer , the Buls belly , the Cowes vdder , the gréene Arbour , the blasing starre , &c. Such like By names giue they also to their Stawling Kennes : and note this , that after a robbery done , they lye not within twelue miles at the least of the place where they doe it , but hauing eaten vp their stolne mutton ( baked as afore-said ( away they trudge through thicke and thinne , all the hauens of hell into which they put in , being alwayes for the most part of an equall distance one from another : for looke howfarre as the one Stophole Abbey stands from the other , and iust so farre is the Buls belly from the Cowes vdder , and so of the rest : so that what waysoeuer these night Spirits doe take after they haue done their déedes of darknesse , they know what pace to kéepe , because ( what stormes soeuer ) fall ) they are sure of harbour , all their iourneyes being but of one length . Yet dare they not but let their Morts and their Doxies méete them at some of these places , because how cold soeuer the weather be , their female furies come hotly and smoaking from thence , carrying about them Glymmar in the Prat ( fire in the touch-bore ) by whose flashes oftentimes there is Glymmar in the Iocky , ( the flaske is blowne vpto ) of which dangerous and deadly skirmishes the fault is laid vpon Seruing-men , dwelling thereabouts , who like Frée-booters are so hungry of flesh , that a Doxie ( if shée haue a smug face ) cannot péepe out , but shée is taken vp for Hawkes-meate . And it is no wonder , there is such stealing of these wilde Buckes , because there is such store of them : nor is it a meruaile there is such store , sithence hée is not held worthy to walke , or to be counted one of the foure and twenty Orders , but to be banished ( as a silly Animall and a stinckard ) from all good fellowship , societie , and méetings at Fayres , Markets , and merry Bowsing Kennes , who when the Trumpet sounds , ( that is to say , when the Cuckoe sings ) thrusts not out his head like a Snayle out of his shell , and walkes not abroad about the Deusuile ( the Countrey ) with his spirit of Lechery and théeuing , ( his Doxie ) at his héeles . Why the Staffe is called a Filch . THus much for their Fraternities , Names , Lodgings , and Assemblies , at all which times euery one of them carryes a short staffe in his hand , which is called a Filch , hauing in the Nab or head of it , a Ferme ( that is to say , a hole ) into which vpon any piece of seruice , when he goes a Filching ; he putteth a hoake of yron , with which hooke hée angles at a window in the dead of night , for shirts , smockes , or any other linnen or woollen : and for that reason is the staffe tearmed a Filch . So that it is as certaine that hée is an Angler for Duds , who hath a Ferme in the Nab of his Filch , as that hée is a théefe , who vpon the high-way cryes stand , and takes a purse . This Staffe serueth to more vses , then eyther the Crosse-staffe or the Iacobs , but the vses are not so good nor so honest : for this Filching-staffe being artificially handled , is able now and then to mill a Grunter , a bleating Cheate , a Redshanke , a Tib of the Buttry , and such like , or to Fib a Coues Quarrons in the Rome-pad , for his Loure in his bung , that is to say , to kill a Pigge , a Shéepe , a Ducke , a Goose , and such like , or to beate a man by the high-way for the money in his purse . And yet for all these base villanies and others , of what blackenesse soeuer they be , you shall at euery Assises and Sessions , sée swarmes of them boldly ventering amongst the Prisoners : one cause of their tempting their owne danger so , is , that being sworne brothers in league , and partnerts in one and the same théeuery , it behooues them to listen to the Prisoners confession ( which they doe secretly ) and so to take their héeles , if they spye a storme comming . Another cause is , to learne what time-twigges caught the Bird i' th Cage , and how he was entangled by the Iustice in his examination , that thereby hee abroad may shunne the like : but the Diuell is their Tutor , Hell their Schoole , Théeuery , Roaguery and Whoredome the Arts they Study , before Doctor Story they dispute , and at the Gallowes are made Graduates of Newgate and other Gaoles , ( the Hang-mans Colledges . ) To shut vp this feast merrily , ( as swéete meates are best last , ) your last dish which I set before you , to digest the hardnesse of the rest , is a Canting Song , not fained or composed as those of the Bel-mans were , out of his owne braine , but by the Canters themselues , and sung at their méetings . The Canting Song . 1 BIng out bien Morts , and toure , and toure , bing out bien Morts and toure : For all your Duds are bingd awaste , the bien Coue hath the loure . 2 I met a Dell , I viewde her well , she was benship to my watch : So she and I , did stall and cloy what euer we could catch . 3 This Doxie dell , can cut bien whids , and wap well for a win : And prig and cloy so benshiply , all the Dewse-auile within . 4 The boyle was vp , wee had good lucke , in frost , for and in snow : When they did seeke , then we did creepe , and plant in ruffe-mans low . 5 To Stawling Kenne , the Mort bings then , to fetch loure for her cheates : Duds and Ruffe-pecke , rumboild by Harman becke , and won by Mawnders feates . 6 You Mawnders all , stow what you stall , to Rome-coues watch so quire : And wapping Dell , that niggles well , and takes loure for her hire . 7 And Iybe well Ierkt , tick rome comfeck , for backe by glymmar to mawnd : To mill each Ken , let coue bing then , through ruffe-mans lague or launde . 8 Till Cramprings quier , tip Coue his hire , and quier kens doe them catch : A canniken ; mill quier Cuffen , so quier to ben coues watch . 9 Bein darkmans then , bouse , mort and ken , the bien coue's bingd a wast : On chates to trine , by Rome-coues dine , for his long lib at last . 10 Bingd out bien morts , and toure , and toure , bing out of the Rome-vile : And toure the coue , that cloyde your duds , vpon the chates to trine . FINIS . Thus for satisfaction of the Readers , Englished . 1 GOe forth ( braue girles ) looke out , looke out , looke out I say ( good Connies ) For all your cloathes are stolne ( I doubt ) mad shauers share the monyes . 2 I met a Drab , I likde her well , ( my bowles did fit her alley : ) We both did vow to rob pell-mell , and so abroad did sally . 3 This bowncing Trull can rarely talke , a penny will make her — : Through any towne which she doth walke , nought can her filching scape . 4 The house being raizde aside wée stept , and through the mire did wade : To auoid Hue and Cry , to a hedge we crept , and vnder it close were laid . 5 Toth ' Broakers then my hedge-bird flyes , for stolne goods bringing coyne : Which ( tho the Constable after hies ) our trickes away purloyne . 6 You mawnding rogues , how you steale beware for priuie search is made : Take héede thou to , ( thou hackney-mare ) whone'er art ridden , but paid . 7 A Licence got with counterfeit Seale to begge ( as if vndone By fire ) to breake each house , and steale , o'er hedge and ditch then runne . 8 Till Shackels soundly pay vs home , and to the Iayle compell vs : Ill may the Iustice euer thriue , so cruell to Good Fellowes . 9 Swéet Punck , béere-house , & béere , good night , the honest Roague 's departed To hanging , ( by the Iustice spite ) to his long home hée 's carted . 10 Away swéete Duckes , with gréedy eyes , from London walke vp Holbourne : Sue him who stole your cloathes : hée flyes with hempen-wings to Tybourne . FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A20047-e1470 One language through all the world at the beginning . English tongue comparable to the best . Building of Babel . Confusion described . Beginning of Languages . The Bell mans first Booke . Of canting . How long , Canting hath bin vsed . The first canter hanged . How canting grew to be a language . The Dialect of Canting . Qui fixit leges pretio atque refixit . A description of the Hall , where matters are tryed in Hell. Hine exauditur gemitus , &c. The Iudge of the Court. Haec Radamanthus habet durissima regna ; Castigatque ditque dolos , subigitque sateri , &c. — impios vinclis perpetuis domant . The customes and condition of the Court. Vnde nunquam quum semel venit potuit auerti . What matters are tryed be fore the Diuell . — Quique arma secuti impia . — Epulaeque ante ora paratae , — furiarum maxima iuxta accubat , & manibus prohibet contingere mensas . * * Heauen . — Exercenter paenis , eternumque malorum . Supplicia expendunt . A letter against the Bel-man . The Bel-man . Huc omnis turba Innumerae gentes populsqué . Graucolentis Auerni . Auser imur cultu , Gemmis aureque tegnutur omnia . Burchin-lane described . Taylors at first were called Linnen-Armorers . Serieants . Hunting of the Lyon , &c. Hunting of the Bucke . Hunting of the Hare . De magno preda petenda grege . What persons follow the game of Ferret-hunting . Dolor ac volupt as inuicem cedunt . The tragedy of Ferret-hunting diuided into 5. acts . Nam illa omnes artes perdecet , vbi quem attigit . Dum spectant oculi lasos ; leduntur & ipsi . The nature of a London Tumbler . Nil habit inf●lix paupertae durius in se , Quam quod ridicules homines facit . Dedit hanc contagio labem , et Dabit in plures . Infelix viris excidit ipse suis . Grandia permultos tenuantur Flumina riues . Hawking . Facies ron omnibus ●na , ●ec diuersatamem . Qui nisi quod ipsi faciunt , nihilrectum putant . The first Noate . Et qua non fecimus ipsi , vix ea nostra voeo : Sen stos fuit ille Caducus Frange Puer Calamos & manes desere Musas . Quid nisi Monstra legis ? stultus quoque munere gaudet . How Birds are drest after they be caught . Strange hawking . Cur ego si neque ignoreque Poetae salutor . Proh superi quantum pectora caeca Noctis Habēt . scribimus indocti ; doctique Miserum est aliorum incūbere famae . The manner of Brideling a Colt. His order in marching on foote or seruing vpon horse . His Furniture . His mannes of fight . His qualities whilst he lies intrenched . What peeces of desperate seruice hee ventures vpon . Noctes atque dies patet atri Ianua Ditis . How a citie puncke Rangeth . The picture of a Horse-courser . How a Horse-courser may coozen his chap-man with a horse that hath the Glanders . Terramalos homines nunc educat . Noxia mille modis Laceae . bitur vmbra . Abuses of race-running glanced at . Vix sunt homines hoc nomine dignis , quamque lupi laeuae plus feritatis habent . Iacke in a Box described . His exercise . Sitiens fugientia captat Flumina : quid rides ? mutato nomine , de te Fabula narratur . Multa petentibus desunt multa . How to trauaile without charges . Trauelling Emperickes . Strowling schoolemaister . Inuidia nigris restibus , currum insilit Nox . Noctis & erebi progenies sunt Dolus , Metus , Miseria , Fraus , Querelae &c. 〈…〉 3. De Nat. Deorum . * * Non verenda , verenda , &c. Sapiens in munera venit adultor , Praebuit ipsa sinus . Neo polisti metuunt Deos nec hos respcere Deos opinor . The knauery . of Hostlars . Matronaque rara pudica est . saepe solent auro multa subesse malâ . * * Pectora tantis obsessa malis . Non sunt ictu serienda leui . Quisprodere tanta relatis Funera .