Distant Reader - subject-endOfTheWorld-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 3 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 126,176 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 42,058 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 93. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

shall, god, time, earth, may, one, world, great, first, will, us, yet, now, times, water, heaven, come, last, therefore, also, many, sea, must, saith, christ, day, man, like, made, things, might, men, daemons, place, make, though, much, part, fire, gods, say, saint, lord, end, see, words, whether, church, whole, concerning

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are The apostasy of the latter times in which, according to divine prediction, the world should wonder after the beast the mystery of iniquity should so farre prevaile over the mystery of godlinesse, whorish Babylon over the virgin-Church of Christ, as that the visible glory of the true church should be much clouded the true unstained Christian faith corrupted the purity of true worship polluted, or, The gentiles theology of dæmons i.e. inferiour divine powers, supposed to be mediatours between God and man : revived in the latter times amongst Christians in worshipping of angels, deifying and invocating of saints, adoring and templing of reliques, bowing downe to images, worshipping of crosses, &c : all which together with a true discovery of the nature, originall, progresse, of the great, fatall and solemn apotisy are cleared : delivered in publique some years since upon I Tim. 4. 1,2,3 / by Joseph Mede ..., Miscellaneous discourses concerning the dissolution and changes of the world wherein the primitive chaos and creation, the general deluge, fountains, formed stones, sea-shells found in the earth, subterraneous trees, mountains, earthquakes, vulcanoes, the universal conflagration and future state, are largely discussed and examined / by John Ray ..., and A paraphrase and exposition of the prophesie of Saint Peter concerning the day of Christs second comming described in the third chapter of his second epistle as also how the conflagration or destruction of the world by fire, whereof Saint Peter speaks, and especially of the heavens is to be understood / by Ioseph Mede ....

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

last times, thousand years, must needs, latter times, let us, saint peter, shall come, one day, dry land, tell us, right hand, whether shall, tels us, saint paul, english books, new earth, holy ghost, later times, early english, general deluge, last time, formed stones, great apostasie, great deep, christian faith, tells us, blessed virgin, books online, like manner, new heaven, new testament, master mede, shall bee, saint john, true god, true church, whole world, one place, come now, torrid zone, jewish state, future dissolution, spirituall fornication, holy conversation, text creation, creation partnership, page images, second comming, every one, heavens shall

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Miscellaneous discourses concerning the dissolution and changes of the world wherein the primitive chaos and creation, the general deluge, fountains, formed stones, sea-shells found in the earth, subterraneous trees, mountains, earthquakes, vulcanoes, the universal conflagration and future state, are largely discussed and examined / by John Ray ... A paraphrase and exposition of the prophesie of Saint Peter concerning the day of Christs second comming described in the third chapter of his second epistle as also how the conflagration or destruction of the world by fire, whereof Saint Peter speaks, and especially of the heavens is to be understood / by Ioseph Mede ..., and The apostasy of the latter times in which, according to divine prediction, the world should wonder after the beast the mystery of iniquity should so farre prevaile over the mystery of godlinesse, whorish Babylon over the virgin-Church of Christ, as that the visible glory of the true church should be much clouded the true unstained Christian faith corrupted the purity of true worship polluted, or, The gentiles theology of dæmons i.e. inferiour divine powers, supposed to be mediatours between God and man : revived in the latter times amongst Christians in worshipping of angels, deifying and invocating of saints, adoring and templing of reliques, bowing downe to images, worshipping of crosses, &c : all which together with a true discovery of the nature, originall, progresse, of the great, fatall and solemn apotisy are cleared : delivered in publique some years since upon I Tim. 4. 1,2,3 / by Joseph Mede ....

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

scripture, lord, god, earth, world, water, virgin, vapours, text, temple, tcp, superficies, sun, stones, springs, spirit, shells, sea, saints, roman, rivers, rain, question, opinion, ocean, mountains, mede, martyrs, land, king, jewes, images, idolatry, heavens, heaven, gentiles, flood, fire, father, empire, emperour, dissolution, deluge, daemons, conflagration, city, church, christian, christ, bodies

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be shall, and The apostasy of the latter times in which, according to divine prediction, the world should wonder after the beast the mystery of iniquity should so farre prevaile over the mystery of godlinesse, whorish Babylon over the virgin-Church of Christ, as that the visible glory of the true church should be much clouded the true unstained Christian faith corrupted the purity of true worship polluted, or, The gentiles theology of dæmons i.e. inferiour divine powers, supposed to be mediatours between God and man : revived in the latter times amongst Christians in worshipping of angels, deifying and invocating of saints, adoring and templing of reliques, bowing downe to images, worshipping of crosses, &c : all which together with a true discovery of the nature, originall, progresse, of the great, fatall and solemn apotisy are cleared : delivered in publique some years since upon I Tim. 4. 1,2,3 / by Joseph Mede ... is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

time, times, day, things, place, part, men, p., end, man, words, world, gods, name, earth, reason, way, word, manner, places, scripture, fire, thing, life, cap, viz, others, opinion, people, years, hath, death, images, use, state, days, nothing, rain, one, nature, text, daemons, body, self, doth, glory, saints, kingdome, destruction, dissolution

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

be, is, was, are, have, were, had, being, come, been, made, make, do, say, said, see, concerning, found, did, take, think, 〈, taken, called, let, according, know, give, having, done, am, given, find, came, brought, answer, seems, suppose, mentioned, hath, supposed, fall, needs, bee, observed, worshipped, heard, understood, makes, add

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

◊, 〉, 〈, god, earth, world, c., heaven, christ, sea, ●, water, saint, lord, church, daemons, thou, hath, heavens, christians, waters, apostasie, mountains, l., de, gentiles, fire, yea, peter, s., lib, temple, rivers, man, sun, deluge, city, text, martyrs, jewes, israel, idolatry, tcp, qui, i., paul, flood, ocean, land, john

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, i, they, he, his, them, their, we, us, him, our, my, you, me, its, her, thy, themselves, she, your, thee, himself, one, theirs, ours, mine, s, yee, ye, whereof, ourselves, lye, itself, exceptus

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

great, other, such, many, last, same, first, saith, true, whole, more, second, new, good, like, little, much, latter, holy, high, ancient, most, common, certain, eternal, natural, former, own, long, old, visible, christian, general, very, divine, small, least, present, wicked, greater, better, clear, false, third, strong, right, possible, next, greatest, few

not, so, now, then, therefore, also, up, more, as, yet, thus, only, here, first, very, even, together, out, most, much, thereof, well, never, indeed, down, too, is, there, again, ever, away, that, long, in, onely, still, off, far, before, all, rather, otherwise, sometimes, especially, once, further, no, else, secondly, almost

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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