A briefe discourse, touching the happie vnion of the kingdomes of England, and Scotland Dedicated in priuate to his Maiestie.
         Bacon, Francis, 1561-1626.
      
       
         
           1603
        
      
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             A briefe discourse, touching the happie vnion of the kingdomes of England, and Scotland Dedicated in priuate to his Maiestie.
             Bacon, Francis, 1561-1626.
          
           [48] p.
           
             Printed [by R. Read] for Fœlix Norton, and are to be sold by William Aspley,
             At London :
             1603.
          
           
             By Francis Bacon.
             Printer's name from STC.
             Signatures: A-C.
             The first leaf and the last three leaves are blank.
             Running title reads: The happy vnion of England and Scotland.
             Reproduction of the original in the Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           England -- Foreign relations -- Scotland -- Early works to 1800.
           Scotland -- Foreign relations -- England -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           A
           BRIEFE
           DISCOVRSE
           ,
           TOVCHING
           THE
           HAPPIE
           VNION
           OF
           THE
           KINGDOMES
           OF
           ENGLAND
           ,
           AND
           SCOTLAND
        
         
           DEDICATED
           IN
           PRIVATE
           TO
           HIS
           MAIESTIE
           .
        
         
           AT
           LONDON
           Printed
           for
           
             Foelix
             Norton
             ,
          
           and
           are
           to
           be
           sold
           by
           
             William
             Aspley
             .
          
           1603.
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           A
           BRIEFE
           DIScourse
           ,
           touching
           the
           happy
           vnion
           of
           the
           Kingdomes
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           and
           Scotland
           .
           DEDICATED
           IN
           PRIuate
           to
           his
           MAIESTIE
           .
        
         
           I
           DOE
           not
           finde
           it
           straunge
           (
           excellent
           King
           ,
           )
           that
           when
           
             Heraclitus
             ,
          
           hee
           that
           was
           surnamed
           the
           obscure
           ,
           had
           set
           foorth
           a
           certaine
           booke
           ,
           which
           is
           not
           now
           extant
           :
           many
           men
           tooke
           it
           for
           a
           discourse
           
           of
           
             Nature
             ,
          
           and
           many
           others
           tooke
           it
           for
           a
           Treatise
           of
           
             Policie
             ,
          
           and
           matter
           of
           estate
           .
           For
           ,
           there
           is
           a
           great
           affinitie
           and
           consent
           ,
           betweene
           the
           rules
           of
           
             Nature
             ,
          
           and
           the
           true
           rules
           of
           
             Policie
             :
          
           The
           one
           being
           nothing
           els
           but
           an
           order
           in
           the
           gouernement
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           an
           order
           ,
           in
           the
           gouernment
           of
           an
           estate
           .
           And
           therefore
           ,
           the
           education
           and
           erudition
           of
           the
           Kings
           of
           
             Persia
             ,
          
           was
           in
           a
           science
           ,
           which
           was
           termed
           by
           a
           name
           ,
           then
           of
           great
           reuerence
           ,
           but
           now
           degenerate
           and
           taken
           in
           ill
           part
           .
           For
           ,
           the
           
             Persian
             Magicke
             ,
          
           which
           was
           the
           secret
           literature
           of
           their
           Kings
           ,
           was
           an
           obseruation
           of
           the
           contemplation
           of
           Nature
           ,
           and
           an
           application
           thereof
           to
           a
           sense
           politicke
           〈◊〉
           taking
           the
           fundamentall
           
           lawes
           of
           
             Nature
             ,
          
           with
           the
           branches
           and
           passages
           of
           them
           ,
           as
           an
           originall
           ,
           and
           first
           modell
           ,
           whence
           to
           take
           and
           describe
           a
           copie
           and
           imitation
           for
           gouernement
           .
        
         
           After
           this
           manner
           ,
           the
           foresaid
           Instructors
           fet
           before
           their
           Kings
           ,
           the
           examples
           of
           the
           celestiall
           bodies
           ,
           the
           Sunne
           ,
           the
           Moone
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           ,
           which
           haue
           great
           glorie
           and
           veneration
           ,
           but
           no
           rest
           or
           intermission
           ,
           beeing
           in
           a
           perpetuall
           office
           of
           motion
           ,
           for
           the
           cherishing
           ,
           in
           turne
           ,
           and
           in
           course
           ,
           of
           inferiour
           bodyes
           .
           Expressing
           likewise
           ,
           the
           true
           manner
           of
           the
           motions
           of
           gouernement
           ,
           which
           though
           they
           ought
           to
           bee
           swifte
           and
           rapide
           in
           respect
           of
           occasion
           and
           dispatche
           ,
           
           yet
           are
           they
           to
           be
           constant
           and
           regular
           ,
           without
           wauering
           or
           confusion
           .
        
         
           So
           did
           they
           represent
           vnto
           them
           ,
           how
           that
           the
           
             Heauens
          
           do
           not
           inritch
           themselues
           by
           the
           
             Earth
             ,
          
           and
           the
           
             Seas
             ,
          
           nor
           keepe
           no
           dead
           stocke
           or
           vntouched
           treasure
           ,
           of
           that
           they
           drawe
           to
           them
           from
           belowe
           ,
           but
           whatsoeuer
           moysture
           they
           doe
           leuie
           and
           take
           from
           both
           the
           elements
           in
           vapours
           ,
           they
           doe
           spend
           and
           turne
           backe
           againe
           in
           showers
           ,
           onely
           houlding
           and
           storing
           them
           vp
           for
           a
           time
           ,
           to
           the
           end
           to
           issue
           and
           distribute
           them
           in
           season
           .
        
         
           But
           chiefely
           they
           did
           expresse
           and
           expound
           vnto
           them
           ,
           that
           fundamentall
           lawe
           of
           
             Nature
             ,
          
           whereby
           all
           things
           doe
           subsist
           and
           are
           
           preserued
           :
           which
           is
           ,
           that
           euery
           thing
           in
           nature
           ,
           although
           it
           hath
           his
           priuate
           and
           particular
           affection
           and
           appetite
           ,
           and
           doth
           follow
           and
           pursue
           the
           same
           in
           small
           moments
           ,
           and
           when
           it
           is
           deliuered
           and
           freed
           from
           more
           generall
           and
           common
           respects
           :
           yet
           neuerthelesse
           ,
           when
           there
           is
           question
           or
           cause
           ,
           for
           the
           sustaining
           of
           the
           more
           generall
           ,
           they
           forsake
           their
           owne
           particularities
           and
           proprieties
           ,
           and
           attend
           and
           conspire
           to
           vphold
           the
           publike
           .
        
         
           So
           ,
           we
           see
           the
           Yron
           in
           small
           quantitie
           will
           ascend
           and
           approach
           to
           the
           Load-stone
           ,
           vpon
           a
           particular
           Sympathie
           .
           But
           ,
           if
           it
           bee
           any
           quantitie
           of
           moment
           ,
           it
           leaues
           his
           appetite
           of
           amity
           with
           the
           Load-stone
           ,
           and
           like
           a
           good
           Patriott
           ,
           falleth
           
           to
           the
           earth
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           place
           and
           region
           ,
           of
           massy
           bodies
           .
        
         
           So
           againe
           ,
           the
           water
           ,
           and
           other
           like
           bodies
           ,
           doe
           fall
           towardes
           the
           center
           of
           the
           earth
           :
           which
           is
           ,
           as
           was
           saide
           ,
           their
           region
           or
           Country
           .
           And
           yet
           ,
           we
           see
           nothing
           more
           vsuall
           ,
           in
           all
           water-workes
           and
           Ingens
           ,
           then
           that
           the
           water
           (
           rather
           then
           to
           suffer
           any
           distraction
           ,
           or
           disunion
           in
           
             Nature
             ,
          
           )
           will
           ascend
           :
           forsaking
           the
           loue
           to
           his
           owne
           region
           or
           Country
           ,
           and
           applying
           it selfe
           to
           the
           body
           next
           adioyning
           .
        
         
           But
           ,
           it
           were
           too
           large
           a
           digression
           ,
           to
           proceede
           to
           more
           examples
           of
           this
           kinde
           .
           Your
           Maiesty
           your selfe
           ,
           did
           fall
           vppon
           a
           passage
           of
           this
           
             Nature
             ,
          
           in
           your
           gratious
           speech
           of
           thankes
           vnto
           
           your
           Councell
           .
           When
           acknowledging
           Princely
           ,
           their
           vigilancye
           and
           well
           deseruinges
           ,
           it
           pleased
           you
           to
           note
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           a
           successe
           and
           euent
           aboue
           the
           course
           of
           
             Nature
             ,
          
           to
           haue
           so
           great
           a
           change
           ,
           with
           so
           great
           a
           quiet
           :
           forasmuch
           as
           suddayne
           and
           great
           mutations
           ,
           as
           well
           in
           state
           as
           in
           
             Nature
             ,
          
           are
           rarely
           without
           violence
           and
           perturbation
           .
           So
           as
           still
           I
           conclude
           ,
           there
           is
           ,
           as
           was
           saide
           ,
           a
           congruity
           betweene
           the
           principles
           of
           
             Nature
             ,
          
           and
           and
           of
           
             Pollicie
             .
          
           And
           ,
           least
           that
           Instance
           may
           seeme
           to
           appone
           to
           this
           assertion
           ,
           I
           may
           ,
           euen
           in
           that
           perticular
           ,
           with
           your
           Maiesties
           fauour
           ,
           offer
           vnto
           you
           a
           Type
           or
           Patern
           in
           
             Nature
          
           much
           resembling
           this
           present
           euēt
           in
           your
           state
           :
           
           namely
           earthquakes
           ,
           which
           many
           of
           them
           ,
           bring
           euer
           much
           terror
           and
           wonder
           ,
           but
           no
           actuall
           hurt
           ;
           the
           earth
           trembling
           for
           a
           moment
           ,
           and
           sodainely
           stablishing
           in
           perfect
           quiet
           ,
           as
           it
           was
           before
           .
        
         
           This
           knowledge
           then
           ,
           of
           making
           the
           gouernment
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           a
           mirror
           for
           the
           gouernement
           of
           a
           state
           ,
           beeing
           a
           wisedome
           almost
           lost
           (
           whereof
           the
           reason
           I
           take
           to
           be
           ,
           because
           of
           the
           difficulty
           ,
           for
           one
           man
           to
           imbrace
           both
           Philosophies
           ;
           )
           I
           haue
           thought
           good
           to
           make
           some
           proofe
           ,
           (
           as
           farre
           as
           my
           weakenesse
           ,
           and
           the
           straights
           of
           time
           will
           suffer
           ,
           )
           to
           reuiue
           in
           the
           handling
           of
           one
           particular
           wherewith
           now
           I
           most
           humbly
           present
           your
           Maiesty
           .
           For
           ,
           surely
           ,
           as
           hath
           beene
           said
           ,
           it
           is
           a
           forme
           of
           
           discourse
           ,
           anciently
           vsed
           towardes
           Kings
           .
           And
           ,
           to
           what
           King
           ,
           should
           it
           be
           more
           proper
           then
           to
           a
           King
           ,
           that
           is
           studious
           to
           conioyne
           contemplatiue
           virtue
           and
           actiue
           virtue
           together
           .
        
         
           Your
           Maiesty
           is
           the
           first
           King
           ,
           which
           hath
           had
           the
           honour
           ,
           to
           be
           
             Lapis
             angularis
             ,
          
           to
           vnite
           these
           two
           mighty
           and
           warlike
           nations
           of
           
             England
          
           and
           
             Scotland
             ,
          
           vnder
           one
           Soueraignety
           and
           Monarchy
           .
           It
           dooth
           not
           appeare
           by
           the
           recordes
           and
           memories
           ,
           of
           any
           true
           history
           ,
           nor
           scarcly
           by
           the
           fiction
           and
           pleasure
           of
           any
           fabulous
           narration
           ,
           or
           tradition
           :
           that
           euer
           ,
           of
           any
           antiquity
           ,
           this
           Iland
           of
           great
           
             Brittaine
          
           was
           vnited
           vnder
           one
           King
           ,
           before
           this
           day
           .
           And
           yet
           ,
           there
           be
           no
           Mountaines
           or
           races
           
           of
           hils
           ,
           there
           be
           no
           seas
           ,
           or
           great
           riuers
           ,
           there
           is
           no
           diuersity
           of
           toung
           or
           language
           ,
           that
           hath
           inuited
           or
           prouoked
           this
           ancient
           separation
           ,
           or
           diuorce
           .
        
         
           The
           lot
           of
           
             Spaine
          
           was
           ,
           to
           haue
           the
           seuerall
           Kingdomes
           of
           that
           continent
           (
           
             Portugal
          
           onely
           except
           ,
           )
           to
           be
           vnited
           in
           an
           age
           ,
           not
           long
           past
           :
           and
           ,
           now
           in
           our
           age
           ,
           that
           of
           
             Portugal
          
           also
           ,
           which
           was
           the
           last
           that
           held
           out
           ,
           to
           bee
           incorporate
           with
           the
           rest
           .
           The
           lot
           of
           
             France
          
           hath
           beene
           ,
           much
           about
           the
           same
           time
           likewise
           ,
           to
           haue
           reannexed
           vnto
           that
           crowne
           ,
           the
           seuerall
           Duchies
           and
           portions
           ,
           that
           were
           in
           former
           times
           dismembred
           .
           The
           lotte
           of
           this
           Iland
           ,
           is
           the
           last
           reserued
           for
           your
           Maiesties
           happye
           times
           ,
           by
           the
           
           speciall
           prouidence
           and
           fauour
           of
           God
           :
           who
           hath
           brought
           your
           Maiesty
           to
           this
           happy
           coniunction
           ,
           with
           great
           consent
           of
           harts
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           strength
           of
           your
           yeares
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           maturity
           of
           your
           experience
           .
           It
           resteth
           therefore
           ,
           but
           that
           ,
           (
           as
           I
           promised
           )
           I
           set
           before
           your
           Maiesties
           Princelye
           consideration
           ,
           the
           grounds
           of
           
             Nature
             ,
          
           touching
           the
           Vnion
           and
           commixture
           of
           bodies
           ;
           &
           the
           correspondence
           which
           they
           haue
           with
           the
           groundes
           of
           
             Pollicie
             ,
          
           in
           the
           coniunction
           of
           states
           and
           kingdomes
           .
        
         
           First
           therefore
           that
           Position
           ,
           
             vis
             vnita
             fortior
             ,
          
           beeing
           one
           of
           the
           common
           notions
           of
           the
           minde
           ,
           needeth
           not
           much
           to
           be
           induced
           or
           illustrate
           .
           We
           see
           the
           Sunne
           (
           when
           he
           enters
           ,
           &
           while
           he
           continues
           
           vnder
           the
           signe
           of
           
             Leo
          
           )
           causeth
           more
           vehement
           heates
           ,
           then
           when
           he
           is
           in
           
             Cancer
          
           :
           what
           time
           his
           beames
           are
           neuerthelesse
           ,
           more
           perpendicular
           .
           The
           reason
           whereof
           ,
           in
           great
           part
           ,
           hath
           beene
           truely
           ascribed
           ,
           to
           the
           coniunction
           and
           Corradiation
           in
           that
           place
           of
           heauen
           ,
           of
           the
           Sunne
           ,
           with
           the
           foure
           Starres
           of
           the
           first
           magnitude
           ,
           
             Syrius
             ,
             Canicula
             ,
             Cor
             Leonis
             ,
             &
             Cauda
             Leonis
             .
          
        
         
           So
           ,
           the
           Moone
           likewise
           ,
           by
           ancient
           tradition
           ,
           while
           she
           is
           in
           the
           same
           signe
           of
           
             Leo
             ,
          
           is
           saide
           to
           be
           at
           the
           heart
           ,
           or
           ,
           to
           respect
           the
           hart
           .
           Which
           is
           not
           for
           any
           affinity
           ,
           which
           that
           place
           in
           heauen
           can
           haue
           ,
           with
           that
           part
           of
           mans
           body
           :
           But
           onely
           ,
           because
           the
           Moone
           is
           then
           (
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           coniunction
           
           and
           neerenesse
           with
           the
           starres
           aforenamed
           )
           in
           greatest
           strength
           of
           influence
           :
           and
           so
           worketh
           vppon
           that
           part
           ,
           in
           inferiour
           bodyes
           ,
           which
           is
           most
           vitall
           and
           principall
           .
        
         
           So
           ,
           wee
           see
           waters
           and
           liquors
           ,
           in
           small
           quantity
           ,
           do
           easily
           purrifie
           and
           corrupt
           :
           but
           ,
           in
           large
           quantity
           ,
           subsist
           long
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           strength
           ,
           they
           receiue
           ,
           by
           Vnion
           .
        
         
           So
           ,
           in
           Earthquakes
           ,
           the
           more
           generall
           doe
           little
           hurt
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           vnited
           weight
           ,
           that
           they
           offer
           to
           subuert
           :
           but
           ,
           narrow
           and
           particular
           Earthquakes
           ,
           haue
           many
           times
           ouerturned
           whole
           townes
           and
           Citties
           .
        
         
         
           So
           then
           ,
           this
           point
           touching
           the
           force
           of
           Vnion
           is
           euident
           .
           And
           therefore
           it
           is
           more
           fitte
           to
           speake
           of
           the
           manner
           of
           Vnion
           .
           Wherein
           againe
           ,
           it
           will
           not
           be
           pertinent
           ,
           to
           handle
           one
           kinde
           of
           Vnion
           ,
           which
           is
           Vnion
           ,
           by
           victory
           :
           when
           one
           body
           ,
           doth
           meerely
           subdue
           another
           ,
           and
           conuerteth
           the
           same
           into
           his
           owne
           
             Nature
             ,
          
           extinguishing
           and
           expulsing
           ,
           what
           part
           so
           euer
           of
           it
           ,
           it
           cannot
           ouercome
           .
           As
           ,
           when
           the
           fire
           conuerteth
           the
           Wood
           into
           fire
           ,
           purging
           awaye
           the
           Smoake
           and
           the
           Ashes
           ,
           as
           vnapt
           matter
           to
           inflame
           .
           Or
           ,
           when
           the
           bodye
           of
           a
           liuing
           creature
           dooth
           conuert
           
           and
           assimilate
           foode
           and
           nourishment
           :
           purging
           and
           expelling
           whatsoeuer
           it
           cannot
           conuerte
           .
           For
           ,
           these
           representations
           doe
           aunswere
           in
           matter
           of
           
             Pollicie
             ,
          
           to
           Vnion
           of
           Countreyes
           by
           conquest
           :
           where
           the
           conquering
           State
           dooth
           extinguish
           ,
           extirpate
           and
           expulse
           any
           parte
           of
           the
           estate
           conquered
           ,
           which
           it
           findeth
           so
           contrarye
           ,
           as
           it
           cannot
           alter
           and
           conuerte
           it
           .
           And
           therefore
           leauing
           violent
           Vnions
           :
           wee
           will
           consider
           onelye
           of
           naturall
           Vnions
           .
        
         
           The
           difference
           is
           excellent
           ,
           which
           the
           best
           obseruers
           in
           
             Nature
          
           doe
           take
           ,
           
           betweene
           
             Compositio
          
           and
           
             Miltio
          
           ;
           putting
           together
           and
           mingling
           .
           The
           one
           beeing
           but
           a
           coniunction
           of
           bodyes
           in
           place
           ,
           the
           other
           in
           quality
           ,
           and
           consent
           :
           the
           one
           ,
           the
           mother
           of
           sedition
           and
           alteration
           ,
           the
           other
           of
           peace
           and
           continuance
           :
           The
           one
           rather
           a
           confusion
           ,
           then
           an
           Vnion
           ,
           the
           other
           properly
           a
           Vnion
           .
           Therefore
           we
           see
           those
           bodies
           which
           they
           call
           
             Imperfectè
             miltio
             ,
          
           last
           not
           ,
           but
           are
           speedily
           dissolued
           .
           For
           ,
           take
           for
           example
           ,
           Snow
           or
           froth
           ,
           which
           are
           Compositions
           of
           ayre
           and
           water
           :
           in
           them
           you
           may
           behold
           ,
           how
           easily
           they
           seuer
           and
           dissolue
           ,
           the
           water
           closing
           
           togeather
           ,
           and
           excluding
           the
           ayre
           .
        
         
           So
           ,
           those
           three
           bodies
           ,
           which
           the
           Alchymists
           doe
           so
           much
           celebrate
           ,
           as
           the
           three
           principles
           of
           things
           ,
           that
           is
           to
           say
           ,
           
             Earth
             ,
             Water
          
           and
           
             Oyle
             ,
          
           (
           which
           it
           pleaseth
           them
           to
           terme
           
             Salt
             ,
             Mercury
          
           and
           
             Sulphur
          
           :
           )
           wee
           see
           ,
           if
           they
           bee
           vnited
           onely
           by
           composition
           ,
           or
           putting
           togeather
           ,
           how
           weakely
           and
           rudely
           they
           doe
           incorporate
           .
           For
           ,
           water
           and
           earth
           ,
           make
           but
           an
           vnperfect
           slime
           ,
           and
           ,
           if
           they
           be
           forced
           togeather
           by
           agitation
           ,
           yet
           ,
           vpon
           a
           little
           setling
           ,
           the
           earth
           resides
           in
           the
           bottome
           .
           So
           ,
           water
           and
           Oyle
           ,
           though
           by
           agitation
           it
           be
           beaten
           
           into
           an
           Oyntment
           .
           Yet
           ,
           after
           a
           little
           setling
           ,
           the
           Oyle
           will
           floate
           vppon
           the
           toppe
           .
        
         
           So
           as
           ,
           such
           vnperfect
           minglinges
           ,
           continue
           no
           longer
           ,
           then
           they
           are
           forced
           :
           and
           still
           in
           the
           ende
           ,
           the
           worthiest
           getteth
           aboue
           .
        
         
           But
           ,
           otherwise
           it
           is
           ,
           of
           perfect
           mixture
           .
           For
           ,
           wee
           see
           those
           three
           bodies
           ,
           of
           Earth
           ,
           Water
           and
           Oyle
           ;
           when
           they
           are
           ioyned
           in
           a
           regetable
           or
           Minerall
           ,
           they
           are
           so
           vnited
           ,
           as
           without
           great
           subtiltie
           of
           Arte
           ,
           and
           force
           of
           extraction
           ,
           they
           cannot
           
           bee
           seperated
           and
           reduced
           into
           the
           same
           simple
           bodyes
           againe
           .
           So
           as
           ,
           the
           difference
           betweene
           
             Compositio
          
           and
           
             Mistio
             ,
          
           cleerelye
           set
           downe
           is
           this
           :
        
         
           That
           
             Compositio
             ,
          
           is
           the
           ioyning
           or
           putting
           togeather
           of
           bodyes
           ,
           without
           a
           new
           Forme
           :
           and
           
             Mistio
             ,
          
           is
           the
           ioyning
           or
           putting
           togeather
           of
           bodies
           ,
           vnder
           a
           new
           Forme
           .
        
         
           For
           ,
           the
           new
           Forme
           ,
           is
           
             Commune
             Vinculum
             :
          
           and
           without
           that
           ,
           the
           oulde
           Formes
           ,
           will
           be
           at
           striefe
           and
           discorde
           .
        
         
         
           Now
           ,
           to
           reflect
           this
           light
           of
           
             Nature
             ,
          
           vpon
           matter
           of
           estate
           :
           there
           hath
           beene
           put
           in
           practise
           in
           gouernment
           ,
           these
           two
           seuerall
           kindes
           of
           pollicie
           ,
           in
           vniting
           &
           conioyning
           of
           states
           &
           kingdomes
           .
           The
           one
           to
           retaine
           the
           auncient
           formes
           still
           seuered
           ,
           and
           onely
           conioyned
           in
           Soueraingtie
           ;
           the
           other
           ,
           to
           superinduce
           a
           new
           forme
           agreeable
           and
           conuenient
           to
           the
           entire
           estate
           .
           The
           former
           of
           these
           hath
           beene
           more
           vsuall
           ,
           and
           is
           more
           easie
           :
           but
           the
           latter
           ,
           is
           more
           happy
           .
           For
           ,
           if
           a
           man
           doe
           attentiuely
           reuolue
           histories
           of
           all
           nations
           ,
           and
           iudge
           truly
           therevpon
           :
           hee
           will
           make
           this
           conclusion
           ,
           that
           there
           were
           neuer
           
           any
           State
           that
           were
           good
           commixtures
           ,
           but
           the
           
             Romaines
             :
          
           which
           because
           it
           was
           the
           best
           state
           in
           the
           worlde
           ,
           and
           is
           the
           best
           example
           of
           this
           pointe
           ,
           wee
           will
           chiefely
           insist
           therevpon
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           Antiquities
           of
           
             Rome
             ,
             Virgill
          
           brings
           in
           
             Iupiter
             ,
          
           by
           way
           of
           Oracle
           or
           perdiction
           ,
           speaking
           of
           the
           mixture
           of
           the
           
             Troyans
          
           and
           the
           
             Italians
          
           :
           
             
               Sermonem
               ausonij
               patrium
               ,
               moresque
               tenebunt
               .
            
             
               Vtque
               est
               ,
               nomen
               erit
               :
               comisti
               corpore
               tantum
            
             
               Subsident
               Teucri
               ,
               morem
               ,
               ritusque
               sacrorum
            
             
               Adijciam
               ,
               faciamque
               omnes
               vno
               ore
               Latinos
               .
            
             
             
               Hine
               genus
               Ausomo
               mistum
               quod
               sanguine
               surget
               ,
            
             
               Suprà
               homines
               ,
               suprà
               ire
               deos
               pietate
               videbis
            
          
           Wherein
           
             Iupiter
          
           maketh
           a
           kinde
           of
           partition
           or
           distribution
           ,
           that
           
             Italy
          
           should
           giue
           the
           language
           and
           the
           lawes
           ;
           
             Troye
          
           should
           giue
           a
           mixture
           of
           men
           ,
           and
           some
           religious
           rites
           ,
           and
           both
           people
           should
           meete
           in
           one
           name
           of
           
             Latines
             .
          
        
         
           Soone
           after
           the
           foundation
           of
           the
           Citie
           of
           
             Rome
             ,
          
           the
           people
           of
           the
           
             Romaines
          
           and
           the
           
             Sabines
          
           mingled
           vppon
           equall
           termes
           .
           Wherin
           the
           interchange
           went
           so
           euen
           ,
           that
           (
           as
           
             Liui
          
           noteth
           )
           the
           one
           nation
           gaue
           the
           name
           to
           the
           place
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           
           to
           the
           people
           .
           For
           ,
           
             Rome
          
           continued
           the
           name
           :
           but
           ,
           the
           people
           were
           called
           
             Quirites
             ,
          
           which
           was
           the
           
             Sabine
          
           worde
           deriued
           of
           
             Cures
             ,
          
           the
           countrie
           of
           
             Tacitus
             .
          
        
         
           But
           ,
           that
           which
           is
           chiefly
           to
           be
           noted
           ,
           in
           the
           whole
           continuance
           of
           the
           
             Romaine
          
           gouernment
           ,
           they
           were
           so
           liberall
           of
           their
           naturallizations
           ,
           as
           in
           effect
           ,
           they
           made
           perpetuall
           mixtures
           .
           For
           their
           manner
           was
           ,
           to
           graunt
           the
           same
           ,
           not
           onely
           to
           particular
           persons
           ,
           but
           to
           Families
           and
           linages
           :
           and
           not
           onely
           so
           ,
           but
           to
           whole
           Citties
           and
           Countries
           .
           So
           as
           ,
           in
           the
           end
           it
           came
           to
           passe
           ,
           that
           
             Rome
          
           was
           
             Communis
             patria
             ,
          
           as
           some
           
           of
           the
           Ciuilians
           call
           it
           .
        
         
           So
           ,
           we
           read
           ,
           that
           Saint
           
             Paul
             ,
          
           after
           he
           had
           beene
           beaten
           with
           Roddes
           ,
           and
           therevpon
           charged
           the
           Officer
           with
           violation
           of
           the
           priuiledge
           of
           a
           Citizen
           of
           
             Rome
          
           :
           the
           Captaine
           then
           sayde
           to
           him
           ;
           Art
           thou
           then
           a
           
             Romaine
          
           ?
           That
           priuiledge
           hath
           cost
           mee
           deere
           !
           To
           whome
           Saint
           
             Paul
          
           replyed
           :
           But
           I
           was
           so
           borne
           .
           And
           yet
           ,
           in
           another
           place
           Saint
           
             Paul
          
           professeth
           of
           himselfe
           that
           hee
           was
           a
           
             Iewe
          
           by
           tribe
           .
           So
           as
           it
           is
           manifest
           that
           some
           of
           his
           Ancestors
           were
           naturallized
           ,
           to
           him
           and
           to
           his
           descendents
           .
        
         
           So
           ,
           wee
           read
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           one
           of
           the
           first
           despights
           that
           was
           
           done
           to
           
             Iulius
             Caesar
             ,
          
           that
           whereas
           hee
           had
           obtayned
           Naturalization
           for
           a
           Cittye
           in
           
             Gaul
             ,
          
           one
           of
           the
           Cittizens
           of
           that
           Cittye
           ,
           was
           beaten
           with
           roddes
           ,
           by
           the
           commaundement
           of
           the
           Consul
           
             Marcellus
             .
          
        
         
           So
           wee
           read
           in
           
             Cornelius
             Tacitus
             ,
          
           that
           ,
           in
           the
           Emperour
           
             Claudius
          
           time
           ,
           the
           nation
           of
           
             Gaul
             ,
          
           that
           part
           which
           was
           called
           
             Comata
             ,
          
           the
           wilder
           part
           ,
           were
           suters
           to
           bee
           made
           capable
           of
           the
           Honours
           of
           beeing
           Senators
           and
           Officers
           of
           
             Rome
             .
          
           His
           wordes
           are
           :
           
             Cùm
             de
             supplendo
             ,
             Senatu
             agitaretur
             ,
             Primoresque
             Galliae
             quae
             Commata
             appellatur
             ,
             foedera
             et
             Ciuitatem
             Romanam
             
             pridem
             assecuti
             ,
             ius
             adipiscendorum
             in
             vrbe
             honorum
             expeterent
             :
             multus
             ea
             super
             re
             ,
             variusque
             rumor
             ,
             et
             studijs
             diuersis
             apud
             Principem
             certabatur
          
           :
           and
           ,
           in
           the
           ende
           ,
           after
           long
           debate
           ,
           it
           was
           ruled
           ,
           they
           should
           be
           admitted
           .
        
         
           So
           likewise
           ,
           the
           authoritie
           of
           
             Nicholas
             Machiauell
             ,
          
           seemeth
           not
           to
           bee
           contemned
           :
           who
           ,
           inquiring
           of
           the
           causes
           of
           the
           growth
           of
           the
           
             Romaine
          
           Empire
           ,
           dooth
           giue
           iudgement
           ,
           there
           was
           not
           one
           greater
           then
           this
           ,
           that
           the
           state
           did
           so
           easily
           compound
           ,
           and
           incorporate
           with
           straungers
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           most
           true
           ,
           that
           most
           
           Estates
           and
           Kingdomes
           ,
           haue
           taken
           the
           other
           course
           :
           of
           which
           this
           effect
           hath
           followed
           ,
           that
           the
           addition
           of
           further
           Empire
           and
           territorie
           ,
           hath
           beene
           rather
           matter
           of
           burden
           ,
           then
           matter
           of
           strength
           vnto
           them
           ;
           yea
           ,
           and
           further
           ;
           it
           hath
           kepte
           aliue
           the
           seede
           and
           rootes
           of
           reuoltes
           and
           rebellions
           ,
           for
           many
           ages
           :
           As
           ,
           wee
           may
           see
           in
           a
           freshe
           and
           notable
           example
           of
           the
           kingdome
           of
           
             Aragon
             ,
          
           which
           though
           it
           were
           vnited
           to
           
             Castile
          
           by
           mariadge
           ,
           and
           not
           by
           conquest
           ,
           and
           so
           descended
           inhereditarie
           vnion
           by
           the
           space
           of
           more
           then
           a
           hundreth
           years
           :
           
           yet
           ,
           because
           it
           was
           continued
           in
           a
           diuided
           gouernement
           ,
           and
           not
           well
           incorporated
           and
           cemented
           with
           the
           other
           Crownes
           ;
           entred
           into
           a
           Rebellion
           ,
           vpon
           point
           of
           their
           
             Fueros
             ,
          
           or
           liberties
           ,
           now
           ,
           of
           very
           late
           yeares
           .
        
         
           Now
           ,
           to
           speake
           briefely
           ,
           of
           the
           seuerall
           partes
           of
           that
           forme
           ,
           whereby
           states
           and
           kingdomes
           are
           perfectly
           vnited
           :
           they
           are
           ,
           besides
           the
           soueraignety
           it selfe
           ,
           foure
           in
           number
           .
           
             Vnion
             in
             Name
             ,
             Vnion
             in
             Language
             ,
             Vnion
             in
             Lawes
             ,
             and
             Vnion
             in
             Employmentes
             .
          
        
         
           For
           Name
           ,
           though
           it
           seeme
           but
           a
           superficiall
           and
           outward
           matter
           ;
           yet
           it
           carrieth
           much
           
           impression
           and
           inchantment
           .
           The
           generall
           and
           common
           name
           of
           
             Grecia
             ,
          
           made
           the
           
             Greekes
          
           alwayes
           apt
           to
           vnite
           (
           though
           otherwise
           full
           of
           diuisions
           amongst
           themselues
           :
           )
           against
           other
           nations
           ,
           who
           they
           called
           Barbarous
           .
        
         
           The
           
             He●●●tian
          
           name
           ,
           is
           no
           small
           band
           to
           knit
           together
           ,
           their
           leagues
           and
           confederacies
           ,
           the
           faster
           .
           The
           common
           name
           of
           
             Spaine
             ,
          
           no
           doubt
           hath
           beene
           a
           speciall
           meane
           of
           the
           better
           Vnion
           and
           conglutination
           ,
           of
           the
           seuerall
           kindomes
           of
           
             Castile
             ,
             Aragon
             ,
             Granada
             ,
             Nauarra
             ,
             Valencia
             ,
             Catalonia
             ,
          
           and
           the
           rest
           :
           comprehending
           also
           now
           lately
           
             Portugall
             .
          
        
         
         
           For
           Language
           ,
           it
           is
           not
           needfull
           to
           insist
           vpon
           it
           :
           because
           both
           your
           Maiesties
           kingdoms
           ,
           are
           of
           one
           language
           ,
           though
           of
           seuerall
           Dialects
           :
           and
           the
           difference
           so
           small
           betweene
           them
           ,
           as
           promiseth
           rather
           an
           inriching
           of
           one
           Language
           ,
           then
           a
           continuance
           of
           two
           .
        
         
           For
           lawes
           ,
           which
           are
           the
           principall
           Synewes
           of
           gouernment
           ,
           they
           be
           of
           three
           natures
           .
           
             Iura
             ,
          
           which
           I
           will
           terme
           Freedomes
           ,
           or
           abilities
           ,
           
             Leges
             ,
          
           and
           
             Mores
             .
          
        
         
           For
           abilities
           and
           Freedoms
           ,
           they
           were
           amongst
           the
           
             Romans
          
           ;
           of
           foure
           kindes
           ,
           or
           rather
           degrees
           
             Ius
             Connubij
             ,
             Ius
             Ciuitatis
             ,
             Ius
             suffragij
             ,
          
           and
           
             Ius
             Petitionis
             ,
          
           or
           
             Ius
             honorum
             .
             Ius
             Connubij
             ,
          
           is
           a
           
           thing
           ,
           in
           these
           times
           ,
           out
           of
           vse
           .
           For
           ,
           marriage
           is
           open
           betweene
           all
           diuersity
           of
           Nations
           .
           
             Ius
             Ciuitatis
          
           answereth
           to
           that
           we
           call
           
             Denization
             ,
          
           or
           
             Naturalization
             .
             Ius
             suffragij
          
           answereth
           to
           voyce
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           or
           voice
           in
           election
           of
           such
           ,
           as
           haue
           voyce
           in
           Parliament
           .
           
             Ius
             petitionis
             ,
          
           aunswereth
           to
           place
           in
           Councell
           and
           office
           .
           And
           ,
           the
           Romanes
           did
           many
           times
           seuer
           these
           freedoms
           ,
           granting
           
             Ius
             connubij
             ,
             sine
             Ciuitate
             ,
          
           and
           
             Ciuitatem
             sine
             suffragio
             ,
             &
             Suffragium
             sine
             Iure
             petitionis
             ,
          
           which
           was
           commonly
           with
           them
           the
           last
           .
        
         
           For
           lawes
           ,
           it
           is
           a
           matter
           of
           curiosity
           and
           inconuenience
           ,
           to
           seeke
           eyther
           to
           extripate
           all
           
           particular
           customes
           ,
           or
           ,
           to
           draw
           all
           subiectes
           to
           one
           place
           or
           resort
           of
           Iudicature
           and
           Session
           .
           It
           sufficeth
           ,
           there
           be
           an
           vniformity
           in
           the
           Principall
           and
           fundamentall
           Lawes
           ,
           both
           Ecclesiasticall
           and
           ciuill
           .
           For
           ,
           in
           this
           point
           the
           rule
           houldes
           ,
           which
           was
           pronounced
           by
           an
           ancient
           Father
           ,
           touching
           the
           diuersity
           of
           rites
           in
           the
           church
           .
           For
           ,
           finding
           the
           vesture
           of
           the
           Queene
           ,
           (
           in
           the
           Psalme
           )
           which
           did
           prefigure
           the
           church
           ,
           was
           of
           diuerse
           colours
           :
           and
           ,
           finding
           againe
           ,
           that
           Christes
           Coate
           was
           without
           a
           seame
           :
           hee
           concludes
           well
           ,
           
             In
             veste
             varietas
             sit
             ,
             scissura
             non
             fit
             .
          
        
         
         
           For
           Manners
           ,
           a
           consent
           in
           them
           is
           to
           be
           sought
           industriously
           ;
           but
           ,
           not
           to
           bee
           inforced
           .
           For
           ,
           nothing
           amongst
           people
           ,
           breedes
           so
           much
           pertinacie
           ,
           in
           houlding
           their
           customes
           ,
           as
           suddaine
           and
           violent
           offer
           to
           remooue
           them
           .
        
         
           And
           ,
           as
           for
           Employments
           ;
           it
           is
           no
           more
           ,
           but
           an
           indifferent
           hand
           ,
           and
           execution
           of
           that
           verse
           :
           
             
               Tros
               ,
               Tyriusué
               mihi
               ,
               nulle
               discrimine
               agetur
               .
            
          
        
         
           There
           remaineth
           onely
           ,
           to
           remember
           out
           of
           the
           grounds
           of
           
             Nature
             ,
          
           the
           two
           conditions
           of
           perfect
           
             mixture
             :
          
           whereof
           the
           former
           is
           
             Time.
          
           For
           ,
           the
           
           naturall
           Philosophers
           say
           well
           ,
           that
           
             compositio
             ,
          
           is
           
             opus
             homines
          
           :
           and
           
             Mistio
             ,
          
           is
           
             opus
             Naturae
             .
          
           For
           it
           is
           the
           dutie
           of
           man
           ,
           to
           make
           a
           fitte
           application
           of
           bodies
           together
           .
           But
           ,
           the
           perfect
           fermentation
           and
           incorporation
           of
           them
           ,
           must
           bee
           left
           to
           
             Nature
          
           and
           
             Time
          
           :
           and
           vnnaturall
           hasting
           thereof
           ,
           dooth
           disturbe
           the
           worke
           ,
           and
           not
           dispatche
           it
           .
        
         
           So
           ,
           wee
           see
           ,
           after
           the
           grift
           is
           put
           into
           the
           stock
           ,
           and
           bound
           ;
           it
           must
           bee
           left
           to
           
             Nature
          
           and
           
             Time
             ,
          
           to
           make
           that
           
             continuum
             ,
          
           which
           was
           at
           first
           but
           
             contiguum
             .
          
           And
           ,
           it
           is
           not
           any
           continuall
           pressing
           ,
           or
           thrusting
           together
           :
           that
           will
           preuent
           
             Natures
          
           
           season
           ,
           but
           rather
           hinder
           it
           .
           And
           so
           ,
           in
           liquors
           ,
           those
           mixtures
           which
           are
           at
           the
           first
           troubled
           :
           growe
           after
           cleere
           and
           setled
           ,
           by
           the
           benefit
           of
           rest
           and
           time
           .
        
         
           The
           second
           condition
           is
           :
           that
           the
           greater
           drawe
           the
           lesse
           .
           So
           wee
           see
           ,
           when
           two
           lights
           doe
           meete
           ,
           the
           greater
           dooth
           darken
           and
           drowne
           the
           lesse
           .
           And
           ,
           when
           a
           smaller
           riuer
           ,
           runs
           into
           a
           greater
           ,
           it
           leeseth
           both
           his
           name
           and
           streame
           .
        
         
           And
           hereof
           to
           conclude
           ,
           we
           see
           an
           excellent
           example
           in
           the
           Kingdomes
           of
           
             Iuda
          
           and
           
             Israel
             .
          
           The
           Kingdome
           of
           
             Iuda
          
           contained
           two
           Tribes
           ;
           the
           Kingdome
           of
           
             Israel
             ,
          
           contained
           ten
           .
           
           King
           
             Dauid
          
           raigned
           first
           ouer
           
             Iuda
             ,
          
           for
           certaine
           yeeres
           :
           &
           ,
           after
           the
           death
           of
           
             Isbosheth
             ,
          
           the
           sonne
           of
           
             Saul
             ,
          
           obtayned
           likewise
           the
           Kingdome
           of
           
             Israel
             .
          
           This
           vnion
           continued
           in
           him
           ,
           and
           likewise
           in
           his
           sonne
           
             Salomon
             ,
          
           by
           the
           space
           of
           seuentie
           yeares
           at
           least
           ,
           betweene
           them
           both
           .
           But
           yet
           ,
           because
           the
           seate
           of
           the
           kingdome
           was
           kept
           still
           in
           
             Iuda
             ,
          
           and
           so
           the
           lesse
           sought
           to
           drawe
           the
           greater
           ;
           vppon
           the
           first
           occasion
           offered
           ,
           the
           kingdomes
           brake
           againe
           ,
           and
           so
           continued
           ,
           diuided
           for
           euer
           after
           .
        
         
           Thus
           hauing
           in
           all
           humblenesse
           made
           oblation
           vnto
           your
           Maiestie
           of
           these
           simple
           fruites
           ,
           
           of
           my
           deuotion
           and
           studies
           :
           I
           do
           wish
           (
           and
           I
           do
           wish
           it
           ,
           not
           in
           the
           nature
           of
           an
           impossibilitie
           ,
           to
           my
           thinking
           ,
           )
           that
           this
           happye
           vnion
           of
           your
           Maiesties
           two
           Kingdomes
           of
           
             England
          
           and
           
             Scotland
          
           ;
           may
           bee
           in
           as
           good
           an
           houre
           ;
           and
           vnder
           the
           like
           diuine
           prouidence
           ,
           as
           that
           was
           ,
           betweene
           the
           
             Romaines
          
           and
           the
           
             Sabines
             .
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .