The saints encouragement in evil times: or Observations concerning the martyrs in generall with some memorable collections out of Foxes three volumes. Martin Luther. The covenant and promises. Living and dying by faith. By Edward Leigh Esquire. Leigh, Edward, 1602-1671. This text is an enriched version of the TCP digital transcription A47618 of text R222045 in the English Short Title Catalog (Wing L1000). Textual changes and metadata enrichments aim at making the text more computationally tractable, easier to read, and suitable for network-based collaborative curation by amateur and professional end users from many walks of life. The text has been tokenized and linguistically annotated with MorphAdorner. The annotation includes standard spellings that support the display of a text in a standardized format that preserves archaic forms ('loveth', 'seekest'). Textual changes aim at restoring the text the author or stationer meant to publish. This text has not been fully proofread Approx. 196 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 89 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. EarlyPrint Project Evanston,IL, Notre Dame, IN, St. Louis, MO 2017 A47618 Wing L1000 ESTC R222045 99833283 99833283 37759 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A47618) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 37759) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 2173:02) The saints encouragement in evil times: or Observations concerning the martyrs in generall with some memorable collections out of Foxes three volumes. Martin Luther. The covenant and promises. Living and dying by faith. By Edward Leigh Esquire. Leigh, Edward, 1602-1671. [22], 152, [4] p. printed by A[braham]. M[iller]. for William Lee and Thomas Underhill, London : 1648. The title words "Foxes ... faith" are joined by left brace. Title page signed A2. With an index. Copy tightly bound with print show-through. Reproduction of the original in the Bodleian Library, Oxford. eng Luther, Martin, 1483-1546 -- Early works to 1800. Catechisms, English -- Early works to 1800. Christian life -- Early works to 1800. Martyrs -- Early works to 1800. Faith -- Early works to 1800. A47618 R222045 (Wing L1000). civilwar no The saints encouragement in evil times: or Observations concerning the martyrs in generall, with some memorable collections out of Foxes thr Leigh, Edward 1648 35059 328 115 0 0 0 0 126 F The rate of 126 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the F category of texts with 100 or more defects per 10,000 words. 2004-03 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2004-03 Aptara Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2004-07 Melanie Sanders Sampled and proofread 2004-07 Melanie Sanders Text and markup reviewed and edited 2004-10 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion THE Saints Encouragement IN EVIL TIMES : OR OBSERVATIONS Concerning The MARTYRS in generall , with●some memorable Collections OUT OF Foxes three Volumes . Martin Luther . The Covenant and Promises . Living and dying by faith . By EDWARD LEIGH Esquire . REVEL. 14. 13. Blessed are the dead which die in the LORD , Mori timeat qui ad secundam mortem de hâc morte transibit . Cyprian de mortal . LONDON , Printed by A. M. for William Lee and Thomas Vnderhill , 1648. TO THE CHRISTIAN READER . READER , THe Church even in her Infancy , the Christian Church was under the Crosse , Stephanus lapidatus , Jacobus trucidatus , saith Austin , Stephen was stoned , and James beheaded . The Church hath had two kinde of persecutions , one from Rome ethnicall , the other from Rome Papall . After the Apostles what a continuall storme arose against Christians , which lasted three hundred years under the ten monsters of men those bloudie Emperours , Nero , Domitian , Trajane , Antoninus , Severus , Maximinus , Decius , Valerianus , Aurelianus , Dioclesianus , whose rage was such as a man could not set his foot in Rome , but tread on the graves of Martyrs ▪ Nero was the Authour * of the first grand persecution , wherein Saint Peter ( as it is said ) and Saint Paul were martyred at Rome , with others innumerable , and Jacobus Iustus at Jerusalem , whence Tertullian inferred , That the Gospel must needs be a precious thing , because Nero hated it . Dioclesian raised the tenth and extreamest persecution * , wherein Churches were overthrown , Bibles burnt , whole Cities razed , women hanged upon trees naked with their heads downwards . The Christians yet in that time under the Heathen Emperours had many lucida intervalla , many breathing spaces under Princes not altogether so bloudy . But the Popes have persecuted the Protestants for six hundred years together , and that without any intermission . I might exemplifie in many of their cruell practices ▪ 1. In their wars against the Waldenses and Albigenses . 2. In the Massacre of France , in which the rivers were died with bloud . 3. In our tempora Mariana Queen Maries daies ; Who hath not heard of bloudy Bonner and Gardiner ? 4. In the rebellious insurrection in Ireland , and the cruell butchery of above 200 thousand Protestants there . Platina writes of seventeen thousand martyred by Dioclesian ; but Meterane writes of 50 thousand slaughtered by the Pope only in the Low-countries , and that in the time of Charles the 5th ▪ Natalis Comes of sixty thousand in France only in one year . Iulius the second in seven years shed the bloud of above two hundred tho●sand Christians . Antichrist is drunk with the bloud of the Saints , Revel. 17. 6. and 18. 24. In her , that is , Babylon , now Rome , was found the bloud of Prophets , that is , of all those that preacht the Word of God , and of Saints , and of all that were slain upon the earth ; They were put to death by the authority of the Pope . Some hold that the bitterest persecutions of the Church of God are yet to come , but two considerations may much support the spirits of Gods people . 1. The shortnesse of the Persecutours lives , and their miserable ends for the most part . 2. The good that comes to the Church of God by affiction and persecution . I will not speak of the short lives of many Popes , and the short reign of Queen Mary * , nor of the miserable end of many persecuting Emperours , but shall out of Foxes Martyrology , instance in the exemplary punishments of some of the persecutours of our Martyrs . George Eagles ( alias , Trudge over the world ) hid himself in a Corn-field , and by the benefit of the height of the Corn , and breadth of the field he had escaped , had not Ralph Lurdane one of his persecutours with more malicious craft , climbed a high tree to view over the place , and so descried him . This persecutour a lewd fellow of life for theft and whoredome , within a few years after he had apprehended the foresaid George Eagles for gain of money , he himself was attached of felony for stealing a horse , condemned and hanged in the same place and Town of Chelmesford , where George Eagles before suffered martyrdome . A Bishop coming to Stephen Gardiner ( Bishop of Winchester ) on his death-bed , put him in remembrance of Peters denying his Master ; he answering again : said , That he had denied with Peter , but never repented with Peter , and so both stinkingly and unrepentantly died . Doctour Storie was a great enemy to the Protestants in Queen Maries daies , but in Queen Elizabeths reign he being beyond sea was by a handsome wile brought over into England , and suffered as a Traitour , on whom the boyes sung these verses , D. Story for You I am sorrie , The hangman must have Your gown : Your father the Pope , could not save You from the rope ; For all his triple crown . Secondly , The people of God like Commomile , the more they were trod on the more they did spread , and ( like Rabbets in frosty weather ) did thrive under persecution . One * saith , Martyrologie and catechizing were the great engines by which the reformers battered down Poperie . Jerome compares the state of the Ch●rch under Constantine and some Christian Emperours with that under Dioclesian and some persecuting Emperours : under the former the Church increased much Potentia & divitiis , in power and wealth , but diminished virtutibus , in vertue ▪ How strangely was that promise accomplished in England and France , Whosoever will save his life shall lose it ; and whosoever will lose his life for my sake , shall finde it . William Wolsey Martyr being in prison sent by another a noble to Richard Denton with this commendation , That he marvelled he tarried so long behinde him , seeing he was the first that delivered him the book of Scripture into his hand , and told him that it was the truth , desiring him to make haste after as fast as he could . This money and message being delivered to Denton almost a year after Wolsey was burned , his answer was this . I confesse it is true , but alas I cannot burn . But he that would not burn in the cause of Christ , was afterward burned against his will ; for his house was set on fire , and while he went in to save his goods he lost his life . On the contrary , some that were in prison , and purposed to suffer for the truth , were ●y the death of Queen Mary happily preserved , that being a true observation which * one hath , As good husbands do not put al their corn to the oven , but save some for seed , so doth God ever in the worst of persecutions . When Henry the fourth of France had conquered his enemies , he turned Papist , and gave this reason of it , That he might settle himself in peace and safety . Ravilliak who slew him , confessed that the reason why he stabbed him , was , because he was of two religions . It is well noted by a Reverend Divine * , That the book of martyrs was in high esteem all the days of Queen Elizabeth : All Churches by authority were injoyned to have it , so as all that would might read it . There was scarce a family of note that had it not , it was usuall to spend the long winter evenings in reading it . By the constancy of Martyrs therein set out , people were much encouraged to stand to that faith which was sealed by their bloud . Whether the killing of the two Witnesses be near at hand or no , I determine not , but sure there is likelihood enough of troubles and persecutions to Gods people , therefore I conceive these severall Tracts , Of the Martyrs in generall , and Concerning our English Martyrs , Of Martin Luther a couragious Reformer , Of the Covenant and Promises , Of living and dying by faith may be very suitable to our times . But some may urge , that for the first subject concerning the Martyrs , there was a book long since published , stiled , The Mirrour of Martyrs , usefull that way . I deny not but that book might be profitable to divers Christians , who either wanted money to purchase or leasure to reade the large book of Martyrs : But my drift in this worke is to excerp onely ( among the many dicta facta of the Martyrs ) those speeches and acts of theirs , which were specially observable . Master Co●ton ( who composed the book before mentioned ) hath confusedly jumbled divers things together : some of which are ordinary , though others may be remarkable , and I believe he mistakes in that which he hath of Voes , it being not consonant to the originall whence he took it . He hath also the same thing twice of Iohn & Christopher Waid . I hope therefore ( though I have many things the same with Cotton , that this work will be of speciall use to those , who would not be ignorant of the living speeches of dying Christians . The Saints are best toward their end ; so it was with Jacob and Moses , as appears in his excellent song made a little before his death , so David , Solomon , what an excellent Sermon and praier did our Saviour make a little before his death . I have likewise long since put forth a Treatise of the Covenant and Promises , yet having collected divers new Observations of that excellent subject , ( for some of which I was beholding to two of our worthy Lecturers * at Westminster ) I thought good to adde this Tract to the rest , it being of speciall use alwaies for Christians , especially in evil times . Thus hoping God will blesse these my endeavours for the good of his people , I rest Thy true Christian Friend EDWARD LEIGH ▪ THE SAINTS Encouragement IN Evil Times . CHAP. I. Observations concerning the Martyrs in generall . A Martyr in common use of speech , means one which seals his witnesse to the Gospel with his bloud , suffers death for Christ . That 's a Martyr , {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} in the highest * degree . But the word in Grammar sense , means but a witnesse . Tertullian cals confessours to Christ , Martyrs . He must suffer in a good cause for the name of Christ , 1 Pet. 4 14. Causa non poena facit martyrem . Non debet quid quisque patiatur , sed quare patiatur , attendi . Aug. contra Crescon. lib. 4. cap. 46. The cause not the punishment makes a martyr . When I consider the cause of my condemnation ( said Mr Bradford ) I cannot but lament , that I do no more rejoyce then I doe . For it is for God● verity and truth , so that the condemnation is not a condemnation of Bradford simply , but rather a condemnation of Christ and of his truth Bradford is nothing but an instrumen● in which Christ and his doctrine i● condemned . How early did martyrdome come into the world ? The first man that died , died for religion . One saith , None are saved but Martyrs ; martyrs either actually or habitually ; having faith enough to encourage , and love to constrain them to be martyrs , if the honour of their profession should require it . The habit of martyrdome is included in the most fundamentall principle of Christianity , love of Christ better then our selves , self-resignation or deniall . To suffer death for Christ is the greatest honour which can befall a man , and such a promotion that the highest Angel in heaven is not permitted to have . In the primitive times they were wont to call martyrdome by the name of Corona Martyrij , the crown of martyrdome , and Stephen the protomartyr had his name in Greek from a crown . One woman martyr having her childe in her hand , gave it to another , and offered her self to martyrdome ; Crowns ( saith she ) are to be dealt this day , and I mean to have one . Luther writing to those which were condemned to death , saith , the Lord will not do me that honour , I who have made all this busle : It was very strange * that one who had so provoked the Pope and all his potent party , should die quietly in his bed . Bernard saith there are three sorts of martyrs , 1. Martyrs voluntate solùm , in will only , so all the godly are martyrs . 2. Voluntate & opere , in will and act ; those who chearfully lay down their life for Christs cause . 3. Opere solum , in act only ; so the children of Bethlehem , Mat. 2. 16. This was rather a passive then an active martyrdome , and improperly so called , since to true martyrdome not only slaughter and a good cause are requisite , but a will and intention of undergoing death for Christs sake . It is a question among the Schoolmen why Christ should so complain in his sufferings , as in the garden and on the crosse , and yet the martyrs suffer so chearfully . 1. They suffered for God , and Christ from God . 2. They suffered in their bodies , Christ in his soul , and the wrath of God , Isa. 43. 10. 3. Their sufferings were mixed with joy and comfort , exuberance of joy sometimes . Christs sufferings on the crosse were void of all comfort , Mat. 27. 46. and there was a suspension of divine influence . M. Ball in his catechisme saith , The testimony of conscience is a strong argument to prove that there is a God , and the constancy of the Saints * is a good reason to prove the Scriptures to be the Word of God , both these main principles of religion may be then confirmed from the carriage and courage of the Martyrs . First , How forcible was the working of conscience in some of them ! Bilny and Bainham at first recanted , but what a hell did they feel in their consciences till they returned to God and bewailed their abjuration ! On the contrary , what ravishing comfort did Robert Glover injoy a little before his martyrdome ? Dear wife ( saith Sanders * ) riches I have none to leave behinde me , wherewith to endow you after this worldly manner , but the treasure of tasting how sweet Christ is unto hungry consciences ( whereof I thank my Christ I feel part , and would feel more ) I bequeath unto you , and to the rest of my beloved in Christ to retain the same in sense of heart alwaies . Secondly , The Martyrs constant suffering may much establish us in the assurance of the Scriptures coming from God . 1. Observe the number of those which suffered for the truth , of all sorts and conditions , stout and tender , noble and base . Famesius departing out of Italy is reported to have said , That he would make such a slaughter in Germany that his very horse might swim in the bloud of the Lutherans . So much bloud of the Protestants was spilt in France that the very rivers in the streets flowed with bloud . The Duke of Alba sitting at his Table * said , that he had taken diligent pains in rooting out the tares of heresies , having delivered 18000 men in the space of six years only to the hands of the hangman . Within the compas●e of lesse then four years continuance , there died in England in Q. Maries reign 277 persons , without regard * of degree , sex or age . In the heat of those flames were consumed five Bishops , one and twenty Divines , eight Gentlemen , eighty four Artificers , one hundred husbandmen , servants and labourers , twenty six wives , twenty widdows , nine virgins , two boies , and two infants . Secondly , The persecutours could neither by torments nor pleasures induce them to deny the truth . When Valens the Emperour coming to Caesarea commanded Basil to assent to the Arians , and threatned to banish and punish him if he obeyed not , Pueris ( saith Basil ) illa terriculamenta proponenda sunt , sibi verò vita eripi potest , sed confessio veritatis eripi non potest . Those bug-bears were to be propounded to children , but for his part ( said he ) though they might take away his life , yet they could not hinder him from professing the truth . When King Lysimachus threatned Cyrenaeus Theodorus with hanging , Istis quaeso ( saith he ) ista horribilia minitare purpuratis tuis : Theodori quidem nihil interest , humine an sublimè putrescat . Threaten those terrible things to thy brave Courtiers , Theodorus cares not whether he rot in the air , or on the ground . Cyprian said Amen * to his own sentence of martyrdome , and the Proconsul bidding him consult about it , he answered , In re tam justa * nulla est consultatio . Bonner said , A vengeance on them , I think they love to burn . When the Proconsul threatned Andrew the Apostle with the crosse , if he left not off his preaching , I would never ( said he ) have preacht the doctrin of the crosse , if I had feared the suffering of the crosse . Jerom in the life of Paulus the Heremite reciteth a story of a certain souldier , whom when the Pretor could not otherwise with torments remove from his Christianity , he devised another way , which was this : he commanded the souldier to be laid upon a soft bed in a pleasant garden among the flourishing lillies and red roses ; which done , all others being removed away , and himself there left alone , a beautiful harlot came to him , who imbraced him , and with all other incitements of an harlot , laboured to provoke him to her naughtinesse . But the godly souldier fearing God more then obeying flesh , bit his own tongue with his teeth , and spit in the face of the harlot , as she was kissing him , and so got he the victory by the constant grace of the Lord assisting him . Thirdly , The Martyrs suffered with much comfort , courage and assurance of their salvation , going to the fire as to a feast , calling the coles roses , and the day of their martyrdome , their marriage day . I am to die ( said Bishop Ridley * ) in defence of Gods everlasting truth and verity , which death I shall by Gods grace willingly take with hearty thanks to God therefore , in certain hope without any doubting to receive at Gods hand again of his free mercy and grace everlasting life . Rowland Taylour departing hence in sure hope without all doubting of eternall salvation , I thank God my heavenly Father through Jesus Christ my certain Saviour . Amen . They thanked their Judges for condemning them , Sententiis vestris gratias agimus , cum damnamur à vobis à Deo absolvimur . Tertul. Apol. c. 5. The Martyrs were eminent in many graces . 1. In humility . They neither called themselves martyrs , nor did they give way to others so to entitle them , but if any in epistle or speech so named them , they did sharply reprove them , saying , That this appellation was due to Christ alone , which only is a faithfall witnes to the truth . Ignatius in his Epistles saith , I salute you , who am ultimus , the last and least of all : and so in another Epistle , Tantillitas nostra . Lord ( said Hooper ) I am hell , but thou art heaven , I am a sink of sin , but thou art a gracious God , and a mercifull Redeemer . 2. In love to God and Christ . Ignatius called Christ his love , Amor meus crucifixus est , said he , My love was crucified . None but Christ , none but Christ , said John Lambert . They offered to some of them gifts and honors to take them off , to which one well answered , Do but offer me somewhat that is better then my Lord Jesus Christ , and you shal see what I will say unto you . 3. In love to the brethren , and one another . Ejusmodi vel maximae dilectiovis operatio notam nobis inurit penes quosdam , vide inquiunt , ut invicem s● diligant . In the primitive times the cry of the Heathens was , See how they love one another , See how they are ready to die for one another . How did they express their affection to one another likewise by their gilt pence , nutmegs , and other tokens which they sent to one another , and by their hearty praiers ? 4. In * patience , Victi sunt Gentiles , & eorum Idololatria , non à repugnantibus , sed à morient●bus Christianis . Aust. 5. In liberality to the poor . * 6. In fidelity , John Bradford had often leave of his keeper , while he was in prison , to go see a friend , and he returned to his prison again rather before his time . 7. In zeal and fervency in * praier . 8. In mildenes * and forgiving their enemies . CHAP. II. Some memorable Collections concerning the Martyrs , especially out of Foxes three large volumes . Polycarpus . EVsebius * saith he was wont to say when he fell into the company of hereticks : Bone Deus in quae me tempora reservasti ? Good God what times hast thou kept me for ? When Marcion the heretick casually met him and said , Cognoscis nos ? Dost thou know us ? Polycarpus answered , Cognosco primogenitum diaboli , I know the first born of the devil . Being urged by the Proconsull to deny Christ , he answered : I have served him 86. * years , and he hath not once hurt me , and shall I now deny him ? When he should have been tied to the stake , he required to stand untied , saying : Let me alone ( I pray you ) for he that gave me strength to come to the fire , will also give me patience to abide in the same without your tying . Ignatius . Being led from Syria to Rome , there to be devoured , he wished by the way as he went , that he were in the midst of those beasts which were ready to rent him in pieces , and that their appetites might be whetted to dispatch him quickly , fearing least it should happen to him as to some other Martyrs , that the beasts out of a kinde of reverence and humanity , would not dare to approach unto him ; being ready , he said , rather to provoke them to fight , then that they should suffer him so to escape . It is reported of him , by some popish writers ( quam verè ipsi viderint ) that he was so frequent in roling the name of Jesus in his mouth , that when he died , there was ingraved and written in his heart the character of that name in golden letters : This may be fabulous , but Christ was very dear unto him , he called him his love , meus amor crucifixus est * , my love ( said he ) is crucified . When he heard the lions roaring , he said ; I am the Lords wheat * that must be ground with the teeth of wilde beasts , that I may be found pure bread . Ignis , crux , ferarum concursus , ( sectiones , lanienae ) ossium discerptiones , membrorum concisiones , totius corporis contritiones & diaboli tormenta in me veniant , tantummodo ut Jesum nanciscar . Id. ibid. Come ( saith he ) fire , gallows , wilde beasts , breaking of bones , tearing of members , contrition of the whole body , and torments from the devil , so that I may gain Christ . After all his sufferings he said , now I begin to be a Disciple . John Hus. Martin Luther in his preface to Daniel , cals him , sanctissimum Martyrem , a most holy Martyr , where he rehearseth also this prophesie of his : They shall now burn a Goose ( for Hus in the Bohemian tongue signifies a Goose ) but a Swan * shall come after me , which shall escape their burning . The Bishops caused to be made a certain crown of paper almost a cubit deep , in the which were painted three devils of wonderfull uglyshape , and this title set over their heads , Haeresiarcha * . The which when he saw , he said , My Lord Jesus Christ for my sake did wear a crown of thorns , why should not I then for his sake again , wear this light crown , be it never so ignominious ? Truly I will doe it , and that willingly . You knew how before my Priesthood ( which grieveth me now ) I have delighted to play oftentimes at chesse , and have neglected my time , and have unhappily provoked both my self and others to anger many times by that play . Hierome of Prage . He being condemned by the councell of Constance , thus prophesied , Et cito vos omnes , ut respondeatis mihi coram altissimo & justissimo judice post centum annos . Here I cite you to answer unto me before the most high & just Judge within a hundred years . He said thus to the Executioner , make the fire in my sight , for if I had feared it I had never come hither . Henry Voes and John Esch. Henry Voes and John Esch Friers , being burned at Bruxels , one of them seeing that fire was kindled at his feet , said , Me thinks ye doe straw rooses under my feet . Peter Moice . One of the Martyrs which suffered in Germany , being called befor● the Senate at Dornick , they bega● to examine him of certain articles 〈◊〉 religion . To whom as he was abou● to answer boldly and expressely t● every point , they interrupting him ▪ bad him say in two words , either yea or nay : Then said he , If ye will not suffer me to answer for my self it matters of such importance , send me to my prison again among my toad● and frogs , which will not interrup● me while I talk with my Lord my God . Peter Serre . One of the Martyrs which suffered in France , being put to the fire stood so quiet , looking up to heaven all the time of his burning , as though he had felt nothing , bringing such admiration to the people , that one of the Parliament said , that way was not best to bring the Lutherans to the fire , for that would doe more hurt then good . Bartholmew Hector . A French Martyr at his death , praying and speaking heavenly to the people , and taking his death patiently , many of the people wept , saying , why doth this man die which speaketh of nothing but of God ? Pomponius Algerius . An Italian Martyr , thus underwrites a comfortable letter of his to some of his Christian friends , From the delectable Orchyard of Leonine prison . Patrick Hamelton . Certain faithfull men being present the same time when this Scottish Martyr was in the fire , they heard him to cite and appeal the black Frier called Cambell that accused him to appear before the high God , a● generall Judge of all men , to answer to the innocencie of his death and whether his accusation were ju●● or not , between that and a certai● day of the next moneth , which h● there named . By the same witness● it is testified , that the said Frier died immediately before the day came without remorse of conscience , that he had persecuted the innocent . Thomas Bilney . His first conversion was by reading the new Testament set out by Erasmus , and particularly , 1 Tim. 1. 15. At the last ( saith he ) I heard speak of Jesus , even then when the new Testament was first set forth by Erasmus , which when I understood to be eloquently done by him , being assured rather for the Latine then for the word of God ( for at that time I knew not what it meant ) I bought it even by the providence of God , as I doe now well understand and perceive : And at the first reading ( as I well remember ) I chanced upon this sentence of St Paul ( O most sweet and comfortable sentence to my soul ) in his first epistle to Timoth. chap. 1. vers. 15. It is a true saying and worthy of all men to be embraced , that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners , of whom I am the chief . This one sentence through Gods instruction and inward working , which I did not then perceive , did so exhilerate my heart , being before wounded with the guilt of my sins , and being almost in despair , that immediately I felt a marvellous comfort and quietnesse , in so much that my brused bones leapt for joy . After this , the Scripture began to be more pleasant unto me then the hony or the hony-comb . Latimer cals him in his Sermons , blessed Saint Bilney , and shews how he was converted by him , and in what anguish of soul Bilney was in after his abjuration , and that he returned again and suffered for the Gospel . Being in the prison he divers time proved the fire by putting his finge● near to the candle : At the first touc● of the candle , his flesh resisting , an● he withdrawing his finger , did afte● chide his flesh in these words , Qu● ( inquit ) unius membri inustione● ferre non potes , & quo pacto cras t●●tius corporis conflagrationem tolerabi● What ( saith he ) canst not tho● bear the burning of one member and how wilt thou endure to mor● row the burning of thy whole body ▪ The night before his execution , divers of his friends resorted unto hi● in the Guild Hall where he was kep● amongst which one of them findin●● him eating an Alebrew with a cheerfull heart and quiet minde , said , that he was glad to see him at that time so shortly before his painfull an● heavy departure , so heartily to refresh himself : Whereunto he answered , O said he , I follow the example of the husbandmen of the countrey , who having a ruinou● house to dwell in , yet bestow cos● as long as they may to hold it up ▪ And so doe I now with this ruinous house of my body , and with Gods creatures , in thanks to him , refresh the same as ye see . Then sitting with his said friends in godly talk to their edification , some put him in minde , that though the fire which he should suffer the next day , should be of great heat unto his body , yet the comfort of Gods Spirit should cool it to his everlasting refreshing . At this word the said Thomas Bilney putting his hand toward the flame of the candle burning before them ( as also he did divers times besides ) and feeling the heat thereof , O ( said he ) I feel by experience , and have known it long by Philosophy , that fire by Gods Ordinance is naturally hot , but yet I am perswaded by Gods holy Word , and by the experience of some spoken of in the same , that in the flame they felt no heat , and in the fire they felt no consumption : and I constantly beleeve , howsoever that the stubble of this my body shall be wasted by it , yet my soul and spirit shall be purged thereby , a pain for the time whereon followeth 〈◊〉 unspeakable . And then most co●fortably entreated of Isa. 43. 1 , 2. well in respect of himself , as app●●ing it to the particular use of friends there present , of whom for took such sweet fruit therein , the they caused the words to be 〈◊〉 written on tables , and some in the books . The comfort whereof ( 〈◊〉 divers of them ) was never tak● from them to their dying day . James Bainham . As he was at the stake in the mid● of the flaming fire which had ha● consumed his arms and legs , he spak● these words : O ye Papists , behold 〈◊〉 look for miracles , and here now y● may see a miracle , for in this fire I f●●● no more pain , then if I were in a bed● down : but it is to me as a bed of rose● ▪ William Tyndall . For his notable pains and travel he may well be called the Apostle o●England in this our later age . He translated the new Testament , and five books of Moses ; for his faithfulnesse therein , observe his own words , I call God to record against the day we shall appear before our Lord Jesus , to give our reckoning of our doings , that I never altered one syllable of Gods words against my conscience , nor would doe this day , if all that is in earth , whether it be honour , pleasure or riches , might be given me . There was at Antwerp on a time amongst a company of Merchants , as they were at Supper , a certain jugler which through his diabolicall inchantment of art magicall , would fetch all kinde of viands and wine from any place they would , and set it upon the table presently before them , with many other such like things . The same of this jugler being much talked of , it chanced that Master Tindall heard of it , he desired certain of the merchants that he might also be present at Supper to see him play his parts . The Supper was appointed , and the Merchants with Tindall were there prese●● ▪ Then the jugler being required 〈◊〉 play his feats , and to shew his cuning , after his wonted boldnesse began to utter all that he could d● but all was in vain . At the last w●● his labour , sweating and toili●● when he saw that nothing would 〈◊〉 forward , but that all his encha●●●ments were void , he was compell● openly to confesse , that there w●● some man present at supper , whi●● disturbed and letted all his doings . He cried at the stake with a fe●vent zeal and a loud voice , * Le● open the King of Englands eies . John Lambert . After that his legs were consum●●● and burned to the stumps , he lifti●● up such hands as he had , and his fi●●gers ends flaming with fire , cri● unto the people in these words , No● but Christ , none but Christ . Anthony Person . He being come to the place of ●●●ecution , with a cheerfull countenance embraced the post in his arms , and kissing it , said , Now welcome mine own sweet wife ; for this day shall thou and I be married together in the love and peace of God . Henry Filmer . He said to Person and Testwood , two other Martyrs which died with him , Be merry my brethren and lift up your hands unto God , for after this sharp breakefast , I trust we shall have a good dinner in the kingdome of Christ our Lord and Redeemer . At the which words Testwood lifting up his hands and eies to heaven , desired the Lord above to receive his spirit . And Anthony Person pulling the straw unto him , laid a good deal thereof upon the top of his head , saying , This is Gods hat ; now I am dressed like a true souldier of Christ , by whose merits only I trust this day to enter into his joy . Many which saw their patitient suffering , confessed that they could have found in their hearts ( at the present ) to have died with them . Adam Damplip . He understanding from the Keepe● that he should soon suffer , was ye● merry and did eat his meat as wel● as ever he did in all his life , in so much that some at the bord said unto him , that they marvelled how he could eat his meat so well , knowing he was so near his death . Ah master ▪ quoth he , doe you think that I hav● been Gods prisoner so long in the Mar● shalsey , and have not yet learned to dy Yes , yes , and I doubt not but God wi●● strengthen me therein . Kerby . Master Wingfield said to Kerby 〈◊〉 prison , Remember the fire is ho● take no more upon thee then tho● canst perform , the terrour is grea● the pain will be extream , and life 〈◊〉 sweet : Better it were betime to sti●● to mercy , while there is hope of lif● then rashly to begin and then to shrink . To whom Kerby replied , Ah , Master Wingfield , be at my burning and you shall say , there standeth a Christian souldier in the fire : for I know that fire and water , sword and all other things are in the hands of God , and he will suffer no more to be laid upon us then he will give us strength to bear . Anne Askew . Pray , pray * , pray . To her confession in Newgate she thus subscribes . Written by me Anne Askew , that neither wisheth death , nor feareth his might , and as merry as * one that is bound towards heaven . Wrisley Lord Chancellour sent her letters ( being at the stake ) offering to her the Kings pardon if she would recant , who refusing once to look upon them , made this answer again , that she came not thither to deny her Lord and Master . Sir George Blague . He being one of the Kings privy Chamber , was condemned and appointed to be burned , but being pardoned by the King , and coming after into his presence ; Ah my Pig ( saith the King to him , for so he was wont to call him ) Yea , said he , if you● Majestie had not been better to m● then your Bishops were , your Pig had been rosted ere this time . Mr John Rogers . That morning he should be burned he was found asleep , and could scarce with much jogging be awaked : At length being raised and waked , and bid to make haste , the●● said he , if it be so I need not to ti● my points . The sunday before he suffered , he drank to Mr Hooper , being then underneath him , and bad them commend him unto him , and tell him there was never little fellow would better stick to a man , then he would stick to him , presupposing they should both be burned together , although it happened otherwise , for Mr Rogers was burnt alone . He was the Protomartyr of all the blessed company that suffered in Queen Maries time , that gave the first adventure upon the fire . His wife and children being eleven in number , ten able to go , and one sucking on her breast , met him by the way as he went toward Smithfield ; this sorrowfull sight of his own flesh and bloud could nothing move him , but that he constantly and chearfully took his death with wonderfull patience in the defence of Christs Gospel . Laurence Sanders . He seeming to be somewhat troubled at his lodging , one which was there about him asked him how he did : In very deed ( saith he ) I am in prison till I be in prison : Meaning , that his minde was unquiet untill he had preached , and that then he should have quietnesse of minde , though he were put in prison . He that did lie with him in prison in the same bed , reported that he heard him say , that even in the time of his examination he was wonderfully comforted , in so much as not only in spirit but also in body , he received a certain taste of that holy communion of Saints , whilst a most pleasant refreshing did issue from every part and member of the body , unto the seat and place of the heart , and from thence did ebb to and fro unto all the parts again . At Coventry ( where he was burned ) a poor Shoemaker which was wont to serve him of shoes , came to him and said ; O my good master , God strengthen and comfort you Gran mercy good Shoemaker , quoth Master Sanders , and I pray thee to pray for me , for I am the unmeetest man for this high office , that ever was appointed to it ; but my gracious God and dear Father is able to make me strong enough . When he came to the fire he fell to the ground and praied , then he rose up again and took the stake to which he should be chained , in his arms , and kissed it , saying : Welcome the crosse of Christ , welcome everlasting life : and being fastened to the stake , and fire put to him , full sweetly he slept in the Lord . In the beginning of Q. Maries time , there being a communication between Laurence Sanders and D. Pendleton , the Doctor took upon him to comfort Mr Sanders all that he might , admonishing him not to start aside , having put his hand to Gods plough ; I will see said he ( being a fat man ) the utmost drop of this grease of mine molten away , and the last gobbet of this flesh consumed to ashes , before I will forsake God and his truth . Sanders on the other side seemed so fearfull and feeblespirited , that he seemed rather to fall quite from Gods word which he had taught , then to stick to his profession and abide by his tacle , but after Sanders suffered most willingly , and Pendleton played the Apostata . Mr John Hooper . Being at Zarick with Bullinger , at his parting with him he promised to write unto him how it went with him . But the last news of all I shall not be able to write : for there , said he ( taking M. Bullinger by the hand ) where I shall take most pains , there shall you hear of me to be burned to ashes , and that shall be the last news , which I shall not be able to write unto you , but you shall hear of me . When Mr Hooper being made Bishop of Worcester and Glocester should have his Arms given him by the Herald , as the manner is for every Bishop to have his Arms assigned unto him ( whether by the Bishops or Heralds appointment is uncertain ) the Arms to him allotted was a Lamb in a fiery bush , and the sun-beams from heaven descended down upon the Lamb , rightly denoting as it seemed , the order of his suffering , which afterward followed . His life was so pure and good , that no kinde of slander ( although divers went about to reprove it ) could fasten any fault upon it . I know not one of all those vertues and qualities required of St Paul in a good Bishop , lacking in this good Bishop . Bishop Ridley and he differed about the ceremonies , yet both being in prison for the truths sake they were reconciled . Every day his manner was to have to dinner a certain number of poor folk of Worcester by course , who were served by four at a messe , with whole and wholesome meats : and when they were served ( being afore examined by him or his Deputies of the Lords prayer , the Articles of their faith , and ten Commandments ) then he himself sate down to dinner , and not before . Sir Anthony Kingston his friend coming to him a little before his death , used these words , Life is sweet and death bitter , to whom he replied , that the death to come was more bitter , and the life to come more sweet . A blinde boy being brought unto him , who had not long afore suffered imprisonment at Glocester for confessing of the truth , Master Hooper after he had examined him of his faith and the cause of his imprisonment , beheld him stedfastly , and ( the water appearing in his eies ) said unto him : Ah poor boy , God hath taken from thee thy outward sight , for what consideration he best knoweth ; but he hath given thee another sight much more precious , for he hath indued thy soul with the eye of knowledge and faith : God give thee grace continually to pray unto him , that thou lose not that sight , for then shouldst thou be blinde both in body and soul . Being at the stake , and having entred into his prayer , a box wa● brought and laid before him upon ▪ stool with his pardon ( or at least fained so to be ) from the Queen if he would turn : At the sight where of he cried , If you love my soul away with it , if you love my soul away wit● it . The box being taken the Lor● Shandoys said , Seeing there is no remedy dispatch him quickly . Master Hooper said , good my Lord , I trust you will give me leave to make an end of my praiers . Doctor Taylor . He told the Sheriffe and others ( who laboured to turn him to the Popish religion ) that he had been deceived himself , and was like to deceive a great many of Hadley of their expectation . I am ( said he ) as you see , a man that hath a very great carkasse , which I thought should have been buried in Hadley Church-yard , if I had died in my bed as I well hoped I should have done ; but herein I see I was deceived : and there are a great number of worms in Hadley Church-yard which should have had jolly feeding upon this carrion , which they have looked for many a day : but now I know we be deceived , both I and they ; for this carkasse must be burned to ashes , and so shall they loose their bait and feeding that they look to have had of it . Having light off his horse in his journey to Hadley a little afore he suffered , he leapt and fet a frisk or twain , as men commonly doe in dancing : Mr Doctor quoth the Sheriffe , how doe you now , he answered ; well , God be praised good Mr Sheriffe , never better , for now I know I am almost at home , I lack not past two stiles to go over , and I am even at my fathers house . The same morning in which he was called up by the Sheriffe to go to his burning ( about three of the clock in the morning ) being suddainly awaked out of his sound sleep , he sate up in his bed , and putting on his shirt , had these words , speaking somewhat thick after his accustomed manner : Ah horson theeves , ah horson theeves , rob God of his honour , rob God of his honour . Afterward being risen and tying his points , he cast his arms about a balke which was in the chamber between Mr Bradfords bed and his : and there hanging by the hands , said to Master Bradford : O Master Bradford , quoth he , what a notable swing should I give if I were hanged ? William Hunter . His mother said to him a little before his suffering , that she was glad that ever she was so happy to bear such a childe which could finde in his heart to lose his life for Christs name sake . Then William said to his mother , for my little pain which I shall suffer , Christ hath promised me mother ( said he ) a crown of joy , may you not be glad of that mother ? with that his mother kneeled down on her knees , saying ; I pray God strengthen thee my son to the end , yea I think thee as well bestowed as any childe that ever I bare . Being at the stake , he said , Son of God shine upon me , and immediately the sun in the firmament shone out of a dark cloud so full in his face , that he was constrained to look another way , whereat the people mused because it was so dark a little time before . John Lawrence . He being not able to go ( because his legs were so worn with heavy irons in prison , and his body weakned with evil keeping ) was born to the fire in a chair , and he sitting in the fire , the young children came about the fire and cried as well as young children could speak , saying , Lord strengthen thy servant and keep thy promise , Lord strengthen thy servant and keep thy promise . Dr Farrar Bishop of St Davids . One Richard Jones a Knights son coming to M. Farrar a little before his death , seemed to lament the painfulnesse of the death he had to suffer , unto whom the Bishop answered again to this effect , saying , that if he saw him once to stir in the pains of his burning , he should then give no credit to his doctrine . And as he said , so he right well performed the same ; for so patiently he stood , that he never moved , but even as he stood , holding up his stumps , so still he continued , till one Richard Gravell with a staff dashed him upon the head , and so struck him down . Rawlins White . The Bishop of Landaffe asking him whether he would revoke his opinions or no . Surely ( said Rawlins ) my Lord , Rawlins you left me , and Rawlins you finde me , and by Gods grace Rawlins I will continue . The night before he was to suffer , he sent to his wife , and willed her by the messenger that in any wise she should make ready and send unto him his wedding garment , meaning a shirt , which afterward he was burned in . As he went to the place of execution , in his way his poor wife and children stood weeping , and making great lamentation : the sudden sight of whom so pierced his heart , that the very tears trickled down his face , but he soon after , as though he had misliked this infirmity of his flesh , began to be as it were altogether angry with himself , in so much , that in his striking his breast with his hand , he used these words ; Ah flesh , staiest thou me so ? wouldst thou fain prevail ? well , I tell thee doe what thou canst , thou shalt not by Gods grace have victory . Thomas Haukes . Darbishire Bishop Bonners kinsman said unto him , that he was too curious , for he would have nothing but his little pretty Gods book . And is it not sufficient for my salvation ? said Haukes : Yes ( said he ) it is sufficient for our salvation , but not for our instruction : God send me the salvation ( said Haukes ) and you the instruction . Some of Haukes his friends privily desired him , that in the midst of the flame he would shew them some token if he could , whether the pain of suffering were so great , that a man might not therein keep his minde quiet and patient . Which thing he promised them to do , and so secretly between them it was agreed , that if the rage of the pain were tolerable and might be suffered , then he should lift up his hands above his head toward heaven , before he gave up the ghost . Having continued long in the flame , and his speech being taken away by the violence of the flame , and his fingers consumed with the fire , so that now all men thought certainly he had been gon , suddenly and contrary to expectation the blessed servant of God , being mindfull of his promise afore made , reached up his hands burning on a light fire ( which was marvellous to behold ) over his head to the living God , and with great rejoicing , as seemed , strook or clapped them three times together : At the sight whereof there followed such applause and out-cry of the people , and especially of them which understood the matter , that the like had not commonly been heard . John Bradford . He did not eat above one meal a day ; which was but very little when he took it : and his continuall study was upon his knees . In the midst of dinner he used often to muse with himself , having his hat over his eies , from whence came commonly plenty of tears dropping on his trencher . He was very gentle to man and childe , and in so good credit with his keeper , that at his desire in an evening ( being prisoner in the Kings bench in Southwark ) he had licenc● upon his promise to return again that night , to go into London without any keeper to visit one that was sick lying by the Still-yard : Neither did he fail his promise , but returned unto his prison again , rather preventing his hour then breaking his fidelity . He slept not commonly above four hours in the night ; and in his bed till sleep came , his book went not out of his hand . He counted that hour not well spent wherein he did not some good , either with his pen , study , or in exhorting of others . Whosoever ( saith he ) hath not learned the lesson of the crosse , hath not learned his A , B , C , in Christianity . He was not content till he found God coming into his spirit with severall dispensations , according to the severall parts of his prayer . The keepers wife came up suddenly to him ( he being in the keepers chamber ) as one half amazed , and seeming much troubled , being almost windelesse , said , O M. Bradford , I come to bring you heavy news , what is that , said he ? marry quoth she to morrow you must be burned , and your chain is now a buying , and soon you must go to Newgate ; with that M. Bradford put off his cap , and lifting up his eies to heaven , said , I thank God for it ; I have looked for the same time , and therefore it cometh not now to me suddenly , but as a thing waited for every day and hour , the Lord make me worthy thereof . Creswell offering to make sute for M. Bradford : He thus answered , I● the Queen will give me life I will thank her , if she will banish me I will thank her , if she will burn me I will thank her , if she will condem● me to perpetuall imprisonment , I will thank her . Some of the subscriptions of his letters were observable , The most miserable , heardhearted , unthankfull sinner , John Bradford . A very painted hypocrite , John Bradford . Christopher Waid . As soon as he was fastened to the stake , he spake ( his hands and eies being lifted up to heaven ) with ● cheerfull and loud voice , the last verse of the 86. Psalm . Shew me ● token for good , that they which hate m● may see it and be ashamed , because thou Lord hast holpen me and comforted me . Fire being put unto him , he cried unto God often , Lord Jesus receive my soul , without any sign of impatiency in the fire , till at length after the fire was once throughly kindled , he was heard by no man to speak , still holding his hands up over his head together towards heaven , even when he was dead and altogether rosted , as though they had been staid up with a prop standing under them . Robert Samuell a Minister . He would often in prison have drank his own water , but his body was so dried up with his long emptinesse , that he was not able to make one drop of water : After he had been pined with hunger two or three daies together , he then fell into a sleep , as it were one half in a slumber , at which time one clad all in white seemed to stand before him which ministred comfort unto him by these words , Samuel , Samuel , be of good cheer , and take a good heart unto thee , for after this day shalt thou never be either hungry or thirsty . Which thing came even to passe accordingly , for speedily after he wa● burned , and from that time till b● should suffer , he felt neither hung● nor thrist . Robert Glover . After he was condemned by the B●shop , and was near his death , tw● or three daies before his heart bein● lumpish and destitute of all spiritual● consolation , he felt in himself ● aptnesse nor willingnesse , but rathe● a dulnesse of spirit , full of much dis●comfort to bear the bitter crosse o● martyrdome ready to be laid upo● him . Whereupon fearing in himself least the Lord had utterly with drawn his wonted favour from hi● he made his moan to Austen Benh●● a Minister , and his familiar frien● signifying how earnestly he had pra●ed day and night unto the Lord , an● yet could receive no motion , no sense of any comfort from him : unto whom the said Austen answerin● again , desired him patiently to wai● the Lords pleasure , and howsoeve● his present feeling was , yet seeing his cause was just and true , he exhorted him constantly to stick to the same , and to play the man , nothing misdoubting but the Lord in his good time would visit him , and satisfie his desire with plenty of consolation , whereof ( he said ) he was right certain , and therefore desired him whensoever any such feeling of Gods heavenly mercies should begin to touch his heart , that then he should shew some signification thereof , whereby he might witnesse with him the same , and so departed from him . The next day when the time came of his martyrdome , as he was going to the place , and was now come to the sight of the stake , although all night before praying for strength and courage he could feel none , suddenly he was so mightily replenished with Gods holy comfort , and heavenly joyes , that he cried out clapping his hands to Austen , and saying in these words , Austen he is come , he is come , and that with such joy and ala●rity , as one seeming rather to be risen from some deadly danger to liberty of life , then as one passing out of the world by any pains of death . Such was the change of the marvellous working of the Lords hand upon that good man . Bishop Ridley . He offering to preach before the Lady Mary ( being made Queen ) was refused . He was after brought by Sir Thomas Wharton to a room , and desired to drink . After he had drunk , he paused a little while looking very sadly , and suddenly brake out into these words ; Surely I have done amisse , Why so ? quoth Sr Thomas Wharton . For I have drunk ( said he ) in that place where Gods Word offered hath been refused . Whereas if I had remembred my duty , I ought to have departed immediately , and to have shaken off the dust of my shoes for a testimony against this house . These words were spoken by him with such a vehemency , that some of the hearers afterward confessed , that it made their hair stand upright on their heads . The night before he suffered , his bear'd was washed and his legs , and as he sate at supper the same night at M. Irishes ( who was his keeper ) he bad the hostesse and the rest of the bord to his marriage ; for , saith he , tomorrow I must be married , and so shewed himself to be as merry as ever he was at any time before . M. Ridley looking ( as he was going to the stake ) espied Master Latimer coming after , unto whom he said , O be ye there , Yea , said M. Latimer , have after as fast as I can follow : After they came both to the stake , D. Ridley with a wondrous chearfull look ran to M. Latimer , imbraced and kissed him , and as they that stood near reported , comforted him , saying : Be of good heart , brother , for God will either asswage the fury of the flame , or else strengthen us to abide it . D. Smith preached at the burning of Bishop Ridley and M. Latimer on the first of the Corinth . 13. 3. wherein he railed against the Martyrs ( and these two especially ) crying still to the people to beware of them , for they were heretikes , and died out of the Church . Dr Ridley ( after the Sermon was ended ) desired liberty to speak , but could not obtain it , unlesse he would revoke his erroneous opinions and recant . To which he answered , so long as the breath is in my body , I will never deny my Lord Christ , and his known truth : Gods will be done in me , and said with a loud voice , Well , then I commit our cause to Almighty God , which shall indifferently judge all . M. Hugh Latimer . In King Edwards time he did so evidently fore-shew and prophecy o● all those kindes of plagues which afterwards ensued , that if England ever had a Prophet , he might seem to be one . And as touching himself h● ever affirmed , that the preaching of the Gospel would cost him his life . When the Lieutenants man upon a time came to him in prison , the aged * Father kept without a fire in the frosty winter , and well nigh starved for cold , merrily bad the man tell his master , that if he did not look the better to him perchance he would deceive him . He praied fervently , and oftentimes so long continued● kneeling , that he was not able to rise without help . The three principal matters he praied for , were First , That as God had appointed him to be a Preacher of his Word , so also he would give him grace to stand to his doctrine untill his death , that he might give his heart-bloud for the same . Secondly , That God of his mercy would restore his Gospel to England once again , and these words , Once again , once again , he did so inculcate , as though he had seen God before him , and spoken to him face to face . His third request was for the preservation of Queen Elizabeth , whom in his praier he was wont to name , and even with his tears desired God to make her a comfort to this comfortlesse Realm of England . Upon new-years day every Bishop was used to present the King with some handsome new-years gift , so they did some with gold , some with silver , some with a purse full of money , and some one thing , and some another : but M. Latimer being Bishop of Worcester then , among the rest presented a new Testament for his new-years gift with a napkin having this posie about it , Fornicatores & adulteros * judicabit Dominus , Fornicatours and adulterers God will judge . To some that asked him why one that preacht his Sermon did not preach as he did , he answered , he had his siddle and stick , but wanted his rozen . Quem recitas meus est O Fidentine , libellus : Sed malè dum recitas , incipit esse tuus . He spake to M. Ridley at the stake with him in this manner ; Be of good comfort M. Ridley , and play the man , we shall this day light such a candle by Gods grace in England , as I trust shall neve● be put out . M. John Philpot. Bishop Bonner said thus to him , What say you to the omnipotency of God ? Is not he able to perform that which he spoke ? This is my body , I tell thee that God by his omnipotency may make himself to be this carpet if he will . To whom Philpot answered , God is able to do whatsoever he willeth , but he willeth nothing which is not agreeable to his Word : Non potest Deus facere quae sunt naturae suae contraria . It is contrary to the nature of God to be a carpet , for a Creator to be the creature . A messenger from the Sheriffs coming to M. Philpot , and bidding him make ready , for the next day he should suffer and be burned at a stake with fire . Master Philpot answered and said , I am ready ; God grant me strength , and a joyfull resurrection . And so he went into his chamber , and poured out his spirit unto the Lord God , giving him most hearty thanks , that he of his mercy had made him worthy to suffer for his truth . As he went with the Sheriffs to the place of execution , entring into Smithfield the way was foul , and two Officers took him up to bear him to the stake . Then said he merrily , What ? Will ye make me a Pope ? I am content to goe my journies end on foot . But first coming into Smithfield he kneeled down there , saying these words ; I will pay my vows in thee , O Smithfield . And when he was come to the place of suffering , he kissed the stake , and said , Shall I disdain to suffer at this stake , seeing my Redeemer did not refuse to suffer a most vile death upon the crosse for me ? Thomas Cranmer Archbishop of Canterbury . He was so milde to his enemies that if any of them ( who had wronged him ) would seem never so slenderly to relent or excuse himself , he would both forget the offence committed , and also evermore afterward friendly entertain him , insomuch that it came into a common proverb , Doe unto my Lord of Canterbury a displeasure , a shrewd turn , and then you may be sure to have him your friend while be liveth . He was a means to bring some learned men from beyond sea into England , as Bucer , Paulus Fagius , Peter Martyr , Tremellius * , being very hospitable to learned and pious men . And there are in Calvins Epistles letters between Calvin and him . When the fire began to burn near him , he stretching out his arm put his right hand to the flame , which he held so stedfast and immoveable ( saving that once with the same hand he wiped his face ) that all men might see his hand burned before his body was touched . His eyes were lifted up into heaven , and oftentimes he repeated his unworthy * right hand , so long as his voice would suffer him ; and using often the words of Stephen , Lord Jesus receive my spirit ; in the greatnesse of the flame he gave up the ghost . William Tyms . He being brought and examined before Bishop Boner and the Bishop of Bath , The Bishops began to pi●y Tyms case , and to flatter him , saying ; Ah good fellow thou art bold , and thou hast a good fresh spirit , we wish thou hadst learning to thy spirit . I thank you ( my Lord ) said Tyms , and both you be learned , and I would you had a good spirit to your learning . Hugh Laverock an old lame man , John Apprice a blinde man , Martyrs , burn'd at Stratford the Bow . At their death Hugh Laverock after he was chained , casting away his cr●tch , and comforting John Apprice his fellow martyr , said unto him ; Be of good comfort my brother , for my Lord of London is our good Physitian . He will heal us both shortly ; thee of thy blindenes , and me of me lamenesse . Bradbridges wife . When she was condemned of the Bishop to be burned , she had two children named Patience and Charity . Who then said to the Bishop , That if he would needs burn her , yet she trusted that he would take and keep Patience and Charity , meaning her two children . Nay , quoth the Bishop , by the faith of my body I will meddle with neither of them both . Elizabeth Folks . She being a young maiden and examined , whether she believed the presence of Christs body to be in the Sacrament substantially and really o● no , answered , that she believed it was a substantiall lie , and a reall lie . When she was at the stake , she said , Farewell all the world , Farewell faith , Farewell hope , and so taking the stake in her hand , said , Welcome love . William Sparrow . He said thus to Bishop Boner , that which you call truth I do believe to be heresie , and that which you call heresie is good and godly , and if every hair of my head were a man ( said he ) I would burn them all rather then go from the truth , &c. John Rough . Master Rough being at the burning of Austen in Smithfield , and returning homeward again , met with one M. Farrar , a merchant of Hallifax who asked him where he had been . Unto whom he answered , I have been where I would not for one of mine eyes , but I had been . Where have you been , said M. Farrar ? Forsooth ( saith he ) to learn the way . And so he told him he had been at the burning of Austoo , where shortly after he was burned himself . Roger Holland . He said thus to Bishop Boner . This I dare be bold in God to speak ( which by his Spirit I am moved to say ) that God will shorten your hand of cruelty , that for a time you shall not molest his Church . And this shall you in a short time well perceive , my dear brethren , to be most true . For after this day , in this place shall not there any by him * be put to the triall of fire and fagot . William Pikes . Somewhat before his apprehension , he sitting in his garden , and reading in a Bible , suddenly there fell down upon his book between 11 , and 12 a clock of the day four drops of fresh bloud , and he knew not from whence it came . Then he seeing the same was sore astonished , and could by no means learn from whence it should fall , and wiping out one of the drops with his finger , he called his wife , and said . In the vertue of God wife what meaneth this ? will the Lord have four sacrifices ? I see well enough the Lord will have bloud : his will be done , and give me grace to abide the triall . Afterward he daily looked to be apprehended of the Papists , and it came to passe accordingly . Alice Driver . D. Gascoin and she conferring , she asked him whether it was Christs body that the Disciples did eat over night . He answered , yea . What body was it then ( said she ) that was crucified the next day , he replying , Christs body , How could that be ( said she ) when his Disciples had eaten him over night ? Except he had two bodies , as by your argument he had . One they did eat over night , and another was crucified the next day . Such a Doctour , such doctrine : She put all her examiners to shame , that one looked on another , and had not a word to speak , whence she brake out into these words , Have you not more to say ? God be honoured , you are not able to resist the Sperit of God in me a poor woman . I was an honest poor mans daughter , never brought up in the Vniversity , as you have been , but I have driven the plough before my Father many a time , I thank God , yet notwithstanding in the defence of Gods truth , and in the defence of my Master Christ , by his grace I will set my foot against the foot of any of you all , in the maintenance and defence of the same ; and if I had a thousand lives they should goe for paiment thereof . Prests Wife . In her trouble she would take no money , for she said , I am going to a city where money beareth no mastery whiles I am here God hath promised to feed me . Elizabeth Young . She being committed to close prison , the Keeper was charged by Doctor Martin in her hearing , to give her one day bread , and another day water , to which she made this answer : If ye take away my meat , I trust that God will take away my hunger . CHAP. III. Martin Luther . HE was born on St Martins day , and therefore called * Martin Luther . He was though strong in body , yet sparing in diet ; I saw him ( saith * Melancthon ) when he was in good health , four whole daies eating and drinking nothing at all , I have often seen him at other times to be content many daies with a little bread and herring daily . When he recreated himself , and took his minde off his studies , he was delighted with the play of Chesse , and was skilfull at it . He was almost beyond measure liberall toward the poor : it happened once that a student asked some money of him , he bad his wife to give him something , but she excusing the matter in regard of their penury at that time , he took a silver cup which stood near to his hand , and gave it to the scholler , wishing him to sell it to the Goldsmith , and take the mon● to himself . Erasmus saith , Lenitatem se in 〈◊〉 desiderare , He wished him more moderation and temper in his writing Erasmus also often said , That God gave to this last age a sharp Physitian because of the greatnesse of their diseases . Intemperans aeger crudelem medicum fecit . He was by nature fiery but placable ; therefore when Melancthon came once to him being vehemently moved , he rehearsed this verse to him the rest being silent , Vince animos iramque tuam qui caeter● vincis . Overcome thy minde and anger ▪ which overcomest other things . Calvin * saith , Though Luther should call him a devil , yet he would honour him as a famous servant of God , who as he excels with great vertues , so he hath also great vices , but I would ( saith he ) he had alwaies exercised his vehemency which was imbred in him on the enemies of the truth , and not also on the servants of God , and that he had spent more pains in acknowledging his own faults . He was of a just stature , a strong body , of such a Lion-like vivacity of eyes that many could not endure to look directly upon him . He had good health , except that towards his later end he was often troubled with a pain in his head ; whence he : Valemus omnes praeter Lutherum ipsum , qui corpore sanus , foris à toto mundo , intus à Diabolo patitur & omnibus angelis ejus . We are all well save Luther himself , who being sound in body suffers outwardly from the whole world , inwardly from the devil and all his angels . A great deal of money was given him by Dukes and Princes , so that I began ( saith he ) to fear least God would herereward me , sed protestatus sum me nolle sic satiari ab eo , but I protested that I would not so be satisfied by him . He saith somewhere of himself , that he was never in all his life tempted to covetousnesse , one that was so great a reformer as he was , had need to have a spirit disingaged from the world . When upon a time one Papist demanded of another , why do you not stop the mans mouth with gold and silver ? The other answered , Hem , Germana haec bestia pecuniam non curat . See , this Germain beast careth not for money . He was the first that opposed the Popish Indulgences . Occasione nundinationis Indulgentiarum pretio numerato , Lutherus initio fuit permotus ad hoc quod suscepit reformaetionis opus . In the same year * when Martin Luther began , Pope Leo the tenth did create one and thirty Cardinals : In which year and day of their creation , there fell a tempest of thunder and lightning in Rome , which so shook the earth when the Cardinals were made , that it removed the little childe Jesus out of the lap of his mother , and the keyes out of S. Peters hands , which thing many then did interpret to signifie and foreshew the subversion and alteration of the Sea of Rome . Erasmus told Frederick Duke of Saxony , That in Luther were two great faults : First , That he would touch the bellies of the Monks . Secondly , That he would touch the Popes Crown , which two matters in no case are to be medled withall . Luthers friends disswading him from going to Worms , some crying that by the burning of his books it appeared he was condemned in the judgement of the Papists : others instancing in the examples of John Hus and Savanarola : Luther thus answered * , As touching me , since I am sent for , I am resolved and certainly determined to enter Worms in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ , yea although I knew there were so many devils to resist me , as there are tiles to cover the houses 〈◊〉 Wormes . Whose undaunted minde , mos● fervent zeal , great learning ( sait● * Chamier ) stirred up many who armed themselves against the errours and commonly received superstitions , among which were Zuingllus * Oecolampadius , Melancthon , B●cer , Calvin , and many others , whos● labours and endeavours that way● God would not suffer to be frusta●neous . Albertus Crantzius an Historia● of the Vandales is reported to hav● said to Luther , Frater vade * in cel●lam , & dic Miserere mei Deus . Brother go into thy cell , and say , Lord have mercy upon me , insinuating that an Aust●n Monke should in vai● dispute against the Pope . His praiers were so ardent unto Christ , that ( as Melancthon writeth ) they which stood under his window where he stood praying might see his tears falling and dropping down . He praied every day three hours , and then when his spirits were most lively , Pertres horas easque ad studia aptissimas . When he preached they which heard him thought every one his own temptations severally to be noted and touched , whereof when signification was given unto him by his friends , and he demanded how that could be : Mine own manifold temptations ( said he ) and experiences are the cause thereof . For from his tender years he was much exercised with spirituall conflicts , and vexed with all kinde of temptations . Hee regarded not the threats of his adversaries the Papists , he said to Melancthon , Si nos ●uemus ruet Christus una , scilicet ille regnator mundi : & esto ●uat , malo ego cum Christo rue●re , quam cum Caesare stare . If we fall Christ the Lord and Ru●er of the world falleth with us , I had rather fall with Christ then stand with Caesar . When any evil news was brought to him , he called for the 46. Psal● to comfort him . He saith in one place , odi istud v●cabulum paenitenti● * there was one no word so terrible unto him ( while he was a Papist ) and which his so●●did more hate then that , Repent , b●● after no word was more sweet , when he understood the Gospel . When a certain Jew was appointed to come to destroy him by poison yet it was the will of God that Luther had warning thereof before , an● by the face of the Jew sent to him by picture , whereby he knew him , an● avoided the pill . In the garden of his houses the devil appeared to him in the form of 〈◊〉 black bore , but he regarded it not . Cajetan asked him whether 〈◊〉 thought the Duke of Saxony would make warre in his behalf ▪ he said , 〈◊〉 would not have him : Where wil● you be then said Cajetan ? Luthe● answered , I shall be sub caelo under heaven . Erasmus wrote that there was more solid Divinity contained in one folio of Luthers Commentaries , then in many large writings of the Schoolmen and such like . He said and taught many things truly and gravely , as concerning the sacred Scripture and its authority , Solis canonicis libris debetur fides , caeteris omnibus judicium . We must beleeve the Canonicall books only , and may judge all others . He was so zealous to have the Scriptures read , that he professed , if he thought the reading of his books would hinder the reading of the Scripture , he would burn them all before he died . His saying was , Ecclesia sanguine & oratione totum mundum convertit . When something concerning a businesse was concluded amisse at Norimberg , he said , Longe aliter in caelo quam Norimbergae hoc de negoti● erat conclusum : It was farre otherwise concluded in heaven then at Norimberg concerning that matter . He took a liberty to himself t● speak stoutly when he was brought before the Emperour , till he hear● the pen go behinde the hangings . He hath some high expressions in● in his writings , fiat volunt as nostra , let our will be done . Cave non tantum à peccatis sed etiam a bonis operibus . Take heed not only of sins but also of good works . He being in an agony , and 〈◊〉 glimpse of Christs righteousnesse being discovered to him out of Rom. 1. 17. and perceiving that it was not meant , de justitia puniente , but justificante , not of his punishing justice , but that which justifieth the ungodly , he saith , I perceived my self regenerate , and to have entred into Paradise , the Scripture presently appeared in a new hew . He would have been content at the first if they would have taken away indulgencies . He said , Brevi efficiam ut anathema sit esse Papistam : I will shortly cause it to be a curse to be a Papist . A young man about Wittenberg being kept bare and needy by his father , was tempted by way of sorcery to bargain with the devil or a familiar ( as they call him ) to yield himself body and soul unto the devils power , upon condition to have his wish satisfied with money , so that upon the same an obligation was made by the young man , written with his own bloud , and given to the devil : upon the sudden wealth and alteration of the young man , the matter first being noted , began afterward more and more to be suspected , and at length after long and great admiration he was brought unto Martin Luther to be examined . The young man whether for shame or fear long denied to confesse , and would be known of nothing , yet God so wrought being stronger then the devil , that he uttered unto Luther the whole substance of the cause , as well touching the money , as the obligation . Luther understanding the matter and pittying the lamentable state of the man , willed the whole Congregation to pray , and he himself ceased not with his prayers and labour , so that the devil was compelled at last to throw in his obligation at the window , and bad him take it again unto him . He held Consubstantiation , but confessed to Melancthon that he had gone too far in the controversie of the Sacrament . Melancthon perswaded him by the publishing of some milde writing to explain himself . Luther replied to that , that by this means he should cause his whole doctrine to be suspected , but Melancthon might do what seemed good to him after his death . When they said he had recanted , he writing to his friend Stupitius , saith , Omnia de me praesumas praeter fugam & palinodiam : Presume any thing of me sooner then flying and retracting . Luther so much esteemed of his book de servo arbitrio , that he gloried in it as unanswerable and wrote to Wolfangus Fabricius Capito : Nullum se agnoscere justum suum librum , nisi fortè De servo arbitrio , & Catechismo , that he acknowledged none of his books for his , but those two , that de servo arbitrio , and his Catechisme . If any of his books be to be disliked , surely that de sermonibus Convivalibus is most faulty , of which Gerhard * ( a Lutheran ) saith thus , Liber ille Convivalium sermonum à Luthero nec visus , nec lectus , nec approbatus est , quin multoties privato quorundam arbitrio mutatus , mutilatus , auctus . He said of the Pope , non habeo argumentum robustius , that he should fall , then quia sine cruce regnat . Luther speaks slightly himself of his first labours . Above all I beseeeh the godly Reader , and for our Lord Jesus Christs sake , that he would reade my writings judiciously , and with much compassion , and let him know that I was formerly a Monk and a most furious Papist , when I first entred into the cause undertaken by me . He fitly called the Popes bull bullam , a bubble in respect of its vanity . Being reproached , he said , Prorsus satan Lutherus sit , modo Christus vivat & regnet , Let Lurther be counted a devil so Christ may live and reign . His saying was , Turcicum imperium quantum quantum est , mica tantum est quam pater-familias pr●jicit canibus , The whole Turkish Empire is but a crumme that the master of the family throws to a dog . He said he learnt more by one fervent prayer , then he could get by reading of many books or most intent * meditation . Melancthon in his preface to his 3d Tome reports this of him . When he often seriously thought of the anger of God , or the wonderfull examples of punishments , suddenly he had such terrours that he was almost dead with them , and in disputing once about some points being much amazed , he lay upon a bed in the next room , where he often inserted this sentence in his prayer : He hath concluded all under sin that he might have mercy on all . His prayer a little before his death was this , Paeter mi caelestis , Deus & Pater Domini nostri Jesu Christi , Deus omnis consolationis , ago tibi gratias , quod filium tuum Jesum Christum mihi revelasti , cui credidi , quem sum professus , quem amavi , quem celebravi , &c. My heavenly Father , the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ , the God of all consolation , I give thee thanks , that thou hast revealed thy Son Jesus Christ to me , whom I have beleeved , whom I have professed , whom I have loved and celebrated . When he lay a dying , this was his will for his wife great with childe and his little son . Domine Deus , gratias ago tibi , quod volueris me esse pauperem super terram & mendicum . Non habeo domum , agrum , possessiones , pecuniam 〈◊〉 quae relinquam . Tu dedisti mihi uxorem & filios , tibi reddo , nutri , doce , serva , ut hactenus me , O Pater pupillarum , & judex viduarum . O Lord God , I thank thee that thou wouldst have me to be poor upon the earth , I have no house land or money that I should leave them . Thou hast given me wife and children , I restore them to thee , doe thou O father of Orphans and Judge of widdows , nourish , teach , keep them , as thou hast hitherto me . CHAP. IIII. Of the Covenant and Promises . I. Of the Covenant . THE Hebrew word {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Berith , is derived from {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Barah , elegit , to choose , because God in the Covenant of works did choose out man especially with whom he made the Covenant , and because in the Covenant of grace he chuseth out of the multitude the elect , and because a Covenant is a thing which two chuse , and of which they mutually agree and promise betwixt themselves , although the word be used where ore alone doth promise with a simple promise , and so it may be referred to the Testamentary disposition . Or else it may come from {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Barah , comedit , to eat , as if they should say an eating , because they used in the Eastern countries to establish Covenants by eating and drinking together . The condition was about eating in the Covenant of works . {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Bara , signifieth to slay ( whence some derive a Covenant ) because God made the first Covenant of grace and sealed it by sacrifices * of beasts slain and divided . The Covenant in generall may be described a mutuall compact or agreement betwixt God and man , whereby God promiseth all good things , specially eternall happinesse unto man , upon just , equall and favourable conditions , and man doth promise to walk before God in all acceptable , free and willing obedience , expecting all good from God , and happinesse in God according to his promise , for the praise and glory of his great name . A Covenant is a solemn compact or agreement between two chosen parties or more , whereby with mutuall , free , and full consent they binde themselves upon select conditions tending to the glory of God and their common good . It differs from a promise gradually and in the formalities of it , not naturally or in the substance of it . A Covenant usually is the collection of many promises , as a constellation is the collection of many starres , though it be but one promise , I will be thy God , yet it is such a one as comprehends many . There is a difference between a Law and a Covenant . A Superiour may give a law whether the inferiour consent to it or no , but a Covenant is ratified by the consent of both parties . A Covenant is something unto which two persons by mutuall consent doe freely binde themselves . There are divers distinctions of Covenants . 1. A Covenant of nature . 2. A Covenant of grace . 3. A mixt Covenant consisting of nature and grace . Others make these three Covenants , 1. Foedus natura , the Covenant of nature made with Adam . 2. Foedus gratiae , the Covenant of grace made to us in Christ . 3. Foedus subserviens , a preparing Covenant to make way for the advancement of the Covenant of grace in Christ . Others say , there were never any but two Covenants made with man , one Legall , the other Evangelicall , of works or grace , the first in innocency , the other after the fall . Foedus operum , when it was first made with man , was foedus amicitiae , God and man were then friends , foedus gratiae is foedus reconciliationis inter i●imicos . 1. The Covenant of works wherein God Covenanteth with man to give him eternall life upon condition of perfect obedience in his own person . 2. The Covenant of grace which God maketh with man , promising eternall life upon condition of beleeving . We reade not in Scripture the Covenant of works and of grace totide● syllabis , the nearest we come to it is Rom. 3. 27. the law of works opposed to the law of faith , which holds out as much as the Covenant of works and the Covenant of grace . The Covenant of works was 1. That Covenant wherein God was the authour and the ground of it , was Gods free grace , it was reciprocall betwixt him and Adam . We call not the second Covenant a Covenant of grace , because there was no grace in the first Covenant , but in opposition to the condition of the first Covenant which was works , and because greater grace is manifested in it then the first , 2. It was the same Covenant under which the best of the creatures the Angels now stand and injoy their happinesse , and Adam should have been happy by observing this Covenant if he had stood . Christ was made under this Covenant . 3. The promises of this Covenant were very glorious . 1. For naturall life , in the body there was perfection without defect , beauty without deformity , labour without wearinesse . 2. For spirituall life , Adam should not have had terrours in his conscience , sorrow , fear , shame . 3. For death , he should have been translated without dissolution . The Faederati were God and Adam together with all his posterity . God made a Covenant with Adam as a publick person , which represented all mankinde . The reasons of it may be these , 1. From the imputation of Adams sin to all mankinde , Rom. 5. 12. In whom , or for as much as all have sinned , they sinned not all in themselves , therefore in Adam , see vers. 14. In him all died , 1 Cor. 15. 47. 2. Those on whom the curse of the Covenant comes , they are under the bond and precept of the Covenant , all mankinde is directly under the curse of the Covenant , Rom. 8. 20. 21. Gal. 3. 13. Adam did consent to it and understood the terms of the Covenant , for God dealt with him in a rationall way , and expected from him a reasonable service . Either he knew the tenour of the Covenant , or else he broke it out of ignorance , but the first sin could not be a sin of ignorance , he knew whatsoever was necessary to know in a way of duty . God dealt with Adam not only in a way of sovereignty but in a way of Covenant , God did this for divers reasons . 1. For the speciall manifestation of his free grace . 2. That it might be the greater obligation to Adam to obey , God made a promise and he gave his consent . 3. To sweeten his authority to man , Deut. 6. 24. 4. To encourage man to obedience , Heb. 12. 2. 5. That this might be a ground to Adam to exercise His faith in beleeving whatsoever God had revealed or should reveal . 2. His love , 1 John 4. 19. 3. His hope . 6. To leave man inexcusable if he sin , that a clear way might be made for Gods justification and mans conviction . Objection , God is a free Agent , how can it stand with his honour and absolute liberty to be bound to the creature ? Answer , In a strict sense , 1. God cannot be said to be bound , but promittendo s● fecit debitorem , saith Austins , and he is rather bound to himself , and his own faithfulnesse , then the creature . Objection , How can it stand with Gods justice to involve Adams posterity in a Covenant , which themselves never consented to . Answer , It is not an injustice among men for parents to conclude their children , their acts binde them and their heirs . 2. God hath reserved to himself a liberty to visit the sins , not only of the first , but immediate parents on their children , Gen. 9. 22. 1 Thes. 2. 26. The Sodomites children were punisht with their parents . 3. Adam was our parent , there was the will of the nature , which was enough to inwrap them in originall sin , the sin of the nature . 4. This Covenant was made with Adam and his posterity out of free grace , therefore all his posterity was bound by way of thankfulnesse to consent . 5. They ought to rejoice in Adams exaltation being so advanced , and to agree to the Covenant made with him . 6. God made the best choice for them in the first Adam ( as he did in the second ) in so doing , seeing he made him so perfect . The first Covenant consists of three parts . Gal. 3. 10 , 11 , 12. 1. The precept , that continueth not in all things . 2. The promise , live , the man that doth them shall live . 3. The curse in case of transgression , cursed in every one . The precept requires perfect and personall obedience . The condition of the Covenant on mans part was 1. Perfect obedience . 1. The commandment then did ( and still doth as it refers to the first Covenant ) call for perfect obedience , Lev. 18. 5. Rom. 10. 5. Gal. 3. 12. Ezek 20. 25. 2. Because there is a curse denounced against the least transgression , Gal ▪ 3. 10. One sinne and that but in thought , broke the Angels Covenant , Rom. 5. 17. 3. Gods holinesse is such , that he requires from the creature perfect obedience , Job 4. 18. Heb. 1. 13. 4. There are two things in the law , 1. The principall part of it , the precept . 2. The accidentall , the curse : man is bound to the precept , jure creatoris , to the curse , jure judicis . 5. He gave us a perfect ability to obey in our creation , Ephes. 4. 22 , 23. Eccles. 7. ult. 6. He requires perfect obedience in Christ , Rom. 8. 4. 2. Personall obedience . 1. There is a perfect obedience to the law required of every particular man , Gal. 3. 10. 2. The curse is denounced against the person , the soul that sins shall die . 3. This was required of Christ our surety , Gal. 4. 4. 4. It was required for the acceptation of our persons and salvation of our souls . 5. The righteousnesse of the first Covenant might easily be lost by transgression , Dan ▪ 9. 23. CHAP. V. Of the Covenant of grace . AFter man by his fall had broken the first Covenant , God our of his free grace did enter into a better and second Covenant . 1. All the persons in the Trinity did enter into Covenant with man , they have all the same nature , essence , will , and this is an act ad extra , 2. Sin was against all the persons in Trinity , therefore all they were to be reconciled , but the person that chiefly made the Covenant with man was God the Father , the other persons have their peculiar office● in the administration of this Covenant , the persons that God would take into Covenant were designed by the Father , John 17. 9. Rev. 13. 6 , 8. He imploies Christ as Mediator of the Covenant , Isa. 49. 8. Matth. 12. 18. He appoints how much grace and glory he will give to every one in this Covenant . 2. The fountain from whence this Covenant flows is the free grace of God , Gen. 17. 2. I will make ( Hebrew , I will give ) my Covenant . Ephes. 1. 6. Isa. 41. 1 , 2. 2 Sam. 7. 21. Free grace is here exalted in these particulars . 1. From the consideration of the person that enters into Covenant , God Alsufficient . 2. Of● the persons with whom he enter● into Covenant , man fallen , Gal. 4. 21. 3. In that this Covenant was made with some of those that fell , and not others , Ephes. 2. 12. 4. In that the Lord hereby exalts our persons and services , Hos. 2. 19. 5. In that sin can never spend the righteousnes of this Covenant , Hos. 3. 2 , 3. The Covenant of grace is that free and gracious Covenant which God of his free mercy in Jesus Christ , made with man a miserable and wretched sinner , promising unto him pardon of sin , and eternall happinesse , if he will return from his iniquity and embrace mercy reached forth by faith unfained , and walk before God in sincere , faithfull , and willing obedience , as becomes such a creature lifted up unto such injoyment , and partaker of such precious promises . God himself plotted this Covenant , Ephes. 1. 9 , 10. He spent infinite thoughts about it , Psal. 40. 7. took infinite delight in it , Isa. 53. 10. The main end of Christs coming into the world was to bring in a new Covenant , Mal. 3. 1. Heb. 7. 22. an● 12. 24. The spirit belongs to the se●cond Covenant , Isa. 59. ult. his glo●rious works , a witnesse , seal , earnest , belong to the spirit of the second Covenant . The Covenant of grace is more glorious then that of works . The first Covenant was made with the first Adam a mutable head , the second with the second Adam an unchangeable head , Gal. 3. 16. Secondly , The Covenant it self was a changeable Covenant , it gave place to the Covenant of grace , but this second Covenant was an everlasting Covenant . Thirdly , The righteousnesse of the second Covenant is far more glorious then the righteousnesse of the first Covenant , that of the first Covenant was the righteousnesse of a creature , this the righteousnesse of God . Fourthly , The condition of the second Covenant was more glorious then that of the first , the condition of the first Covenant on mans part , was perfect and personall obedience of this Covenant-faith , to sin against God in Christ , is the highest way of sinning , and to glorifie God in Christ , is the highest way of glorifying him . Fiftly , The power of performing it is more glorious , now we have a constant supply of the spirit , Ephes. 1. 19. and 4. 13. then we had none to assist us . Sixtly , The promises of the second Covenant are more glorious then those of the first , Heb. 8. 6. * I will be thy God , I will give thee my Son , my Spirit , God did not tell Adam that he would be his God in that way that he promiseth himself to his in the second Covenant . God promiseth a more glorious manifestation of himself , and union with himself in Christ , a higher manifestation of his wisdome , holinesse , power , and also of his mercy , which was not before discovered , a higher union , under the first head there was only a moral union of love , under the second a mysticall union , we are the same person with Christ ; the second Covenant brings repentance and pardon upon repentance . The first Covenant said , If thou dost well thou shalt be excepted . We have a higher Sonship . Adam was a son by creation , we by Christ , our ground of the acceptation of all our services is higher , God looks on us as being one with Christ , we have a greater ground of perseverance , we have a higher title to our inheritance , Adam was made King of this low world , Christ was made heir of all things , and we coheirs with him . Question , How can the Covenant of grace be called a Covenant * , as Ier. 31. 34. since it contains a meer absolute free promise , whereas a covenant requireth mutuall conditions . Now no condition can be required to this covenant , which the covenant it self doth not work ; For I will write my laws doth denote all things done by grace . Answer . Though God do perform , and in his Covenant promise to performe what he requires , yet still there is something required which man consenting to , and promising to perform ( though not of himself by his own power ) it is a covenant . The Covenant of grace is mentioned an hundred times directly in the Scripture , and a thousand times by consequence . In generall it comprehends all the blessings which God can give from election to glorification . Particularly he gives ; 1. His own self , God spared not his own Sonne , To us a Son is given , I will be thy God , thy reward , thy portion , thine inheritance . He is their reconciled God , theirs in a league of love and friendship . 〈◊〉 Scripture useth to expresse this 〈◊〉 some peculiar relations , as of King● Husband , Father , He will do 〈◊〉 the offices of a good King , of a ●●ving Husband and Father . 2. He doth actually with himse●● put the soul into the possession 〈◊〉 many other things . 1. He brings reconciliati●● with God . 2. Justification , the pardon 〈◊〉 all their sins , and covering 〈◊〉 their deformities with the 〈◊〉 of Christs righteousnes . 3. Adoption , makes them 〈◊〉 heirs with himself . 4. Sanctification , He gi●● his Spirit to dwell in them . Thirdly , He gives them infin●● wealth in bils & bonds , in promi●● 1. For this life , 1. Of preservation and de●●●verance from all evils , they 〈◊〉 either be prevented that 〈◊〉 come not , or sanctified if 〈◊〉 do come , or removed . 2. Of a constant supply of 〈◊〉 good things they stand in need of , for soul , body , name , Ps. 34. He will prosper and give successe to all the works of their hands , Psalm 1. 2. Job 22. 28. 2. For life to come . In the new Covenant there be three great Promises . 1. I will be your God . 2. I will pour out my Spirit on ●ou . 3. I will give you my Sonne . His giving his Son is the ground of both the rest , He is a God to none but 〈◊〉 whom Christ is a Saviour , we ●ave the Spirit also by interest in Christ . First , I will be your God , Genesis ●7 . 7. Psal. 48. This God is our God , Psal. 144. ult. 2 Cor. 6. 16 , 18 . ●●at is , you shall have as true an in●erest in all my attributes for your ●ood , as they are mine for my glory , ●y grace to pardon you , my power ●o protect you , my wisdome to di●ect you . This is a comprehensive ●romise for God to be our * God it includes all , Deus meus & omnia , said Luther . The Covenant of grace is both Faedus amicitiae & conjugale , a Covenant of friendship , and a conjugall Covenant . Abraham was in covenant with God , and God stiles him his friend ; also it is a conjugall league , Hos. 2. 19 , 20. Secondly , God promiseth his Spirit , Ioel 2. 28. John 14. 16 , 26. and 15. 26. and 16. 7. Luke 24. 49. Act. 1. 4. an accomplishment of which promise we have , Act. 2. 23. The Spirit is called , Ephes. 1. 13. The holy Spirit of promise , because this was the great promise which Christ from the Father hath made unto us , the giving of the holy Ghost to work in us all the good which he requireth & apply all the good wch he hath promised . The giving of the Spirit is a great and excellent promise of the new Testament . The great promise of the old Testament was the promise of Christ , Gen. 3. 16. of the Messiah , all the ceremoniall Law was but a typical enlargment of that promise . Christ when he was to goe out of the world promised his Spirit . 1. That in this last age of the world there might be a more full discovery of the great things of the Gospel , the Spirit reveals truth and stablisheth us in the truth , that Gods people might know more of himself and his Son , and prie more into the mysteries of the Gospel . 2. There are more glorious conquests to be made in this last age of the world , all the great enemies of Jesus Christ are to be vanquished , Ze. 4. 7. 2 Thess. 2. 9. the sharpest sufferings are reserved for these times , therefore Christ hath provided the most sovereign cordials . What undaunted courage , what invincible patience , what ravishing consolation had the martyrs in the flames ? God made good this promise to them in sending his Spirit . We should put our bond in sute , turn promises into praiers , presse God with much importunity for more of the Spirit . 3. God hath promised to give us his Son . The whole Covenant of grace i● purchased , founded , sealed , ratified in Christs bloud , Mat. 26. 28. Heb. 9. 14 , 15. and 13. 20. It was Gods plot from all eternity to save man in such a way , as should advance all his glorious Attributes , his wisdome , power , justice , mercy , compassion , wrath , vengeance . The Covenant of grace is the most free and gracious tender of Christ , and all his rich purchases to all the lost and undone sons of Adam that shall believe in him . All other particular promises found in the book of God receive their confirmation by the promise of Christ . God promiseth sometimes to deliver from a particular affliction ; to assure them that that shall be kept , he makes a promise of Christ , Behold a virgin shall conceive . There are three things in the promise of Christ to confirm all other promises . 1. Because there may be made more objections against the Lords giving of Christ , then against any other promise whatsoever , in that the great provoked God must come to be a suter to his vassall , Jehovah must lie in a virgins womb . 2. More love and compassion is shewed in that one promise of Christ then in all other promises whatsoever . 3. Because this is the mother promise , 2 Cor. 1. 20. Some say , The conditions of the Covenant of grace , are repentance , faith and new obedience . Sincerity alone ( or Evangelicall perfection ) is the only absolute condition of the Covenant of grace , Gen. 17. ● . It is called an upright heart , that is , straight : It is also called Integrity , a body that wants no members , a sound heart , a pure or sincere heart , a single heart , a simple and honest heart . Evangelicall perfection is a work of Gods Spirit whereby the whole inward man is applied to God and his waies without the mixture of strange intentions or affections . 2. Sincerity of singlenesse , purity , perfection is the whole substance and mettall of all graces which God worketh in the soul ; it is not any one grace , as patience , meeknesse , but the substance of every grace , faith and love unfeigned , Praier which comes not out of feigned lips ; we must worship God in spirit and in truth , Ephes. 4. 34. 3. God and the Saints have ever judged of men by this , Iudge me , O Lord , according to mine integrity . 4. The promises are made to this , Ps. 119. 1. Mat. 5. 8. Characters of sincerity . As preparatory or a motive to the rest , to be willing and desirous to have his heart thorowly tried and searched , Joh. 3. 18 , 19 , 20. Psalm 139. There are three reall marks , 1. It makes the work of grace universall . 1. In regard of the subject : therefore it is called a new creature . 2. In respect of the object , abstains from all sin , and performs all duty . 2. It is constant . 3. It presseth on to have more till it be filled with God and his waies , Phil. 3. 8 , 9 , 10 , 11. It is a matter of great concernment for a man rightly to understand the nature of the Covenant under which he is , 2 Sam. 23. 3 , 4. Reasons . 1. Because it is the covenant which God hath respect unto in all his dealings with you , Psal. 105. 8. & 111. 5. 2. Else we shall never be able to understand our own state , 1 Cor. 11. 28. and 2 Cor. 12. 5. Galat. 4. 23 , 24 , 25. 3. Else we shall never be able to judge a right of any of our actions , neither of Gods waies to us , nor ours to him , Gen. 4. 4. 4. Without knowledge of the nature of the Covenant we can never understand our own sinnes , we are not only breakers of the Law , but transgressors of the Covenant , Hosea 6. 7. Deut. 29. 21. Lev. 26. 24 , 25. 5. According to our Covenant , such is the Spirit by which we are acted , and such is our law and practice , one under the first covenant is acted by the spirit of bondage , one under the second is acted by the Spirit of adoption . 6. We cannot else understand our mercies or afflictions , whether they come from Gods love or displeasure . 7. Without this we cannot understand the riches of Gods grace in the second covenant . 1. That he should enter into a covenant at mans creation . 2. When man had broke that to enter into a new covenant . 3. To finde out such a glorious way to abolish the first covenant . 4. To make it with such a glorious Head , Christ . 5. That the promises of this covenant should be better then those of the first covenant . 8. All our terrour or comfort comes from our covenant under which we are , Heb. 6. 17. 1 Pet. 3. 9. Eph. 2. 2. We are under the covenant of grace . 1. If we be in the second Adam , if we be willing to accept of Christ upon his own terms , Hos. 2. 18. 2. If sin have not dominion over us , Rom. 6. 12. 3. If the Lord put his laws into our minde , and write them in our hearts , Heb. 8. 8. * It is an allusion to the two Tables of the Law . They were first written by the finger of God , and then put into the Ark : so God first writes the Law in our hearts , and then puts it in our mindes . The writing of the Law in the heart signifies , 1. Similitudinem , a conformity , an inward principle and disposition in the heart answerable to the doctrine in the book . 2. Permanentiam , continuance , it is not a flitting but a binding principle , Litera scripta manet . All the errours almost of these times may be confuted from the doctrine of the covenant , Heb. 8. 9 , 10 , 11 , 12. 1. Merit and supererogation of works , Satisfaction given to justice must be commensurate to that justice which it must satisfie , infinite . 2. The Popish and Arminian doctrine of Free-will . Can man work in a way of grace so as to determine and make it effectuall before he have grace , a principle of working ? Can a man receive grace offered without a speciall work of grace stirring and exciting him ? I will write my laws in their hearts , the promise then written in the heart is the foundation of all our faith , and the precept of all our obedience . 3. For in vocation of Saints . Christ is the Mediatour of the new Covenant ; He is touched with our infirmities , and yet cloathed with majesty , to his Father he gives his merit for us , from his Father he gives his Spirit to us . 4. That Arminian doctrine of universall grace and redemption , that Christ should die intentionally for all . Where ever the merit of Christs death goes , there goes his Spirit , the price and power of his death are equal ; all have not the Spirit of Christ , therefore not his merit . The Socinians deny the satisfaction of Christs death , justice must have satisfaction . Christ ( they say ) came into the world to be an example , and give us a patern of vertue , as the Pelagians say we have Adams sin by imputation . They deny all infused habits of grace , and would only have moral perswasions . The Antinomians also are hence confuted , there must needs be a work of grace in a man else the death of Christ will be ineffectuall , then some principle of grace must be put into us . The old rule may stand still , though there be a new principle put into the heart , because the holines of God is not varied . The Anabaptists , the covenant is with the house of Israel , and Gods children born in the covenant are of the house of Israel . Some say men are miserable two waies by Adams fall . 1. As we stand under his covenant , and so come short of conformity to the Law which requires perfect , personal , and perpetuall obedience . 2. As we bear his image , life and eternall salvation is offered on impossible terms , therefore ( say they ) in conversion there is required a double change . 1. Morall , which is the change of a mans covenant . 2. Physical , the change of a mans image . So that as a mans covenant is , such is his state , if under the first covenant , he is in a state of sin , of bondage and death , if he be under the second covenant , he is in a state of grace , of liberty and life , because he is no longer a son of the bond-woman , but of the free-woman . A man in Christ is freed from the Law as a covenant , in these respects . 1. For justification , Gal. 2. 21. in respect of condemnation , Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the Law being made a curse for us , Gal. 5. 23. against such ( persons , not works ) there is no law . 2. He is freed from the Law in respect of irritation , there is a power in it to stir up the lusts of men , Ro. 6. 14. For ye are not under the law , as a covenant ( whether we understand it of its condemning or irritating power ) but under grace . 3. In respect of coaction the law causeth him not to do duties or forbear sins out of fear of the curse of it , Gal. 5. 18. Ye are not under the Law , viz. constraining , 1 Tim. 1. 9. A godly man is perfectly freed from the Law as a covenant in respect of justification and condemnation , he is freed by degrees from the irritation and coaction of the Law , al those that are out of Christ are under the law for justification , condemnation , irritation and coaction . The covenant of grace is the same for substance now to us since Christ was exhibited , and to them before he was exhibited , but the manner of administration of it is different , because it is , 1. Now clearer : things were declared then in types and shadows : heaven was typed out by the land of Canaan , we have things plainly manifested , 2 Cor. 3. 12. in this respect it is called a better testament or covenant , Heb. 7. 22. not in substance , but in the manner of revealing , and they are said to be better promises , Heb. 18. 6. 2. Of greater extent : Then in Iudah was God known , now to all Nations . 3. Abundance of the Spirit is poured out now : some few men then had a great deal of grace , but * generally now men partake of abundant more grace , * both for knowledge and holinesse . CHAP. VI . 2. Of the Promises . CHristians have many and great Promises , 2 Cor. 7. 1. 2 Pet. 1. 4. whereby are given to us , {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} , great and precious promises . 1. God makes them , they are the Promises of a great God : Great persons make great promises . 2. They are made to Gods people , his elect : a King will not bestow mean things upon his Favourites . Reasons , Why God makes great Promises to his people . 1. Hereby God sets forth his love to them , Tit. 1. 2. 2. That we might have ground for our faith and hope : here in this world we are in a state of expectation , Heb. 11. 39 , 40. 3. That hereby he might support them in their many troubles , Gen. 15. 1. Heb. 10. 35 , 36. This is a mercifull administration of the Lord , Adam had all his good things in possession , he soon lost them , by the Promises they are as certain as if we had them already , 1 Pet. 1. 3. The Promises are sure and certain , God hath confirmed them , 1. By the Sacraments . 2. By oath , the strongest confirmation that may be , Heb. 6. 17 , 18. The faith of Gods people is built upon two pillars , his power and faithfulnesse resembled by those two pillars , 1 King. 7. 21. Bo●● in it is strength , Jachin , he will establish . 1. Gods power , that is often given as a prop to uphold our faith in his Promises , Mat. 22. 21 , 29. Rom. 4. 20. & 11. 23. 2. His faithfulnesse , Heb. 10. 23. 1 Pet. 4. 19. When Gods Promises come to be fulfilled to his people , they finde twice as much in them as they expected , 1 Cor. 2. 9. The Promise is the shell wherein the kernell is contained , Ephes. 1. 20. 2 Pet. 1. 4. That Promise in the covenant of grace That God will be our portion , there is a great deal more in it then we can understand ; God will put his fear in his peoples hearts , Job 28. 16 , 17. Prov. 3. 13. They shall enjoy eternall life with him in heaven , when this Promise comes to be accomplished , it will be farre greater then we can now imagine . They finde the mercies of this life double many times to what they expect . Reasons , 1. From our weak capacity , we are not able to understand how much is laid up in a Promise , the experience of Gods people is a great proof of this , the longer they chew the Promise the sweeter it is . 2. The infinite goodnes and bounty of God joyned with his omnipotency and all-sufficiency , because God hath set his heart on his people he will give them abundantly more then they think of . The Promises of God are of two sorts . 1. Absolute , those which the Lord hath undertaken to perform of his own free grace , not only citra meritum , but also citra conditionem , without all supposed or pre-required conditions in us : of this kinde are all those great promises of the new covenant , Genesis 3. 15. and 17. 7. Isaiah 43. 25. Ezekiel 11. 19. Jeremy 31. 33. Hosea 14. 4. Joel 2. 18. I will be thy GOD , I will give my Sonne , I will pour out my Spirit , I , even I am he who blot out your iniquities for my Names sake , I will take away the heart of stone , and I will give an heart of flesh , I will put my Law in your inward parts , and write it in your hearts ; I will heal your backesliding , and love you freely , for mine anger is turned away . 2. Conditional , which shews what God will do upon the performance of such duties and conditions by the creature , which conditions without Gods grace he is never able to perform ; Ier. 17. 8 , 9 , 10. These are made for the encouragement of the creature in the waies of obedience , and to shew a mans inability , that he may flie to Christ for strength , but they doe not alwaies shew the purpose of God to give the condition or reward . When once God makes a Promise , though it may be a long time before it be fulfilled , yet it yeelds comfortable fruit from the day of his making of it . All agree that a Promise is a certain pledge of performance in due time . Four other fruits grow from a Promise before it come to be accomplisht . 1. It is a certain evidence of Gods love , a declaration of his heart and good will ; outward administrations come all from Gods hand , but his Promises come all from his heart , his affection is set on them who have an interest in the Promises . Reason , All the Promises are made in and thorow Christ , to Christ and then to those who are united to him . 2. A Promise from the day of the date of it is a sufficient pledge to the soul to whom it is made , that God will never doe them hurt , but his purposes and thoughts to them are alwaies good , notwithstanding the outward administrations . 3. It brings preservation to the soul , 1 Pet. 1. 5. It will preserve it from the assaults of the devil , and the world . 4. It brings present consolation to the soul : in Peter , where the Apostle speaks of great and precious promises , he saith , We rejoyce with joy unspeakable . An ingagement of God in a Promise is a speciall means to support Christians in times of distresse . God was ever wont to bear up the spirits of his people rather by Promises then providences . First , A great part of the Bible is spent in reporting Gods ingagements to his people by promise , and the exemplification of his people in performing his Promises . Secondly , The Saints of God were wont to live by faith , Ps. 56. 4. They ever fetcht consolation from the Promises , as Jacob , Hast thou not said ? and Jehosaphat , 2 Chron. 2. Reasons , 1. The end of God in making the Promises was to give security . 2. They are a ray of his power for the creating of help : he that hath a promise hath a blessing in the root of it . 3. Promises issue from the love , the grace and goodnesse of God , and are as unchangeable as his love , they are founded upon the truth and Allsufficiency of God . That in Heb. 13. 5. is as full a promise as any is in the Bible , it is applicable to particular cases , made in the hazards of warre and difficulties of reformation , it is double to shew it is a fixed truth , and for time to come in the future tense , in the Hebrews there is more said then is to Ioshua . God saith , He will not leave him nor forsake him , Heb. 13. 5. there are five negatives in that little sentence . All the subjects of Christs Kingdome of grace inherit all the Promises of the Covenant , they are their portion . 1. It is a great priviledge to be the heirs of Gods Promises , and the Saints have gloried in it , David saith , Thy Promises have I claimed as mine heritage , by faith they imbraced the Promises , Heb. 11. 2. Every childe of God hath a right to all the promises , 1 Tim. 4. 8. Gal. 3. 16. Rom. 9. 4. 2 Pet. 1. 4. 1. They are all made in and through Christ , as branches of the Covenant of grace . Objection , Particular Promises were made to this or that man in a speciall case . Answer , No particular Promise was ever made to any for his own sake , but for Christs ; Therefore those Promises which at first uttering of them were made to some particular person on a particular occasion , were after pressed on all Gods people , as that , Josh. 1. Heb. 13. This is a peculiar priviledge to Gods people , none but those under Christs dominion have interest in the Promises . We should therefore , 1. Study the Promises , and know for what use and time they serve . 2. Beware of weighing them by our own carnall sense and reason . 3. Set faith awork , let the heart rest on Gods Alsufficiency , his truth , wisdome , faithfulnesse . A good man fetcheth contentment ▪ and satisfaction to his soul in all conditions . 1. From the Covenant of grace in generall , 2 Sam. 23. 5. This Covenant of grace , which God hath made with his people is Gods assurance office , and the Saints in all their fears may and ought to go to the Covenant to assure all things to them , to assure their estates and their lives . 2. For particular Promises in the Covenant of grace , a gracious heart looks upon every Promise as coming from the root of the Covenant of grace in Christ . See Psal. 34. 10. and 37. 6. and Isa. 58. 10. and elsewhere● where there are divers Promise● which may bring Christian contentment . It is the greatest honour that 〈◊〉 creature is capable of to be taken in●to Covenant with God , Levit. 26. 18 , 19. Jer. 11. 11. Zach , 11. the staffe of beauty , that is the Covenant , and you sin against offers of a second Covenant which the devils never did . Those who are in Christ and have their covenant changed are in a happy condition . 1. By this means God and thou art reconciled , thy covenant is a covenant of●peace , Ezek. 37. 26. 2. Being once taken into the covenant thou hast interest into glorious relations ; God is become thy Father , thy Husband , thy Friend , 2 Cor. 6. 16. 3. Thou hast interest into a most glorious inheritance by becoming the son of a free woman . 4. Thou hast a foundation for thy faith and a ground of all thy praiers , the covenant contains all the priviledges a beleeving soul can expect , it is the ground of all thy praiers , Jer. 31. 18. Isa. 64. 9. The people of God still plead it , it upholds the soul from sinking . When David came to dy , God hath made with me an everlasting covenant . So Christ , My God my God , Psal. 89. 26. 5. It is a covenant that can never be broken , 2 Chron. 13. 5. Isa. 50. 7. CHAP. VII . Of living and dying by Faith . I. Of living by Faith . FAith is a staying , resting , depending and relying upon the merits and satisfaction of our blessed Saviour , by the vertue and merit thereof to obtain remission of sins and eternall life , and all good things promised in the new covenant , at the hands of God . That there is such a life as the life of faith , is plain , Habak. 2. 4. But the just shall live by his faith . The just shall live the life of grace here , and of glory hereafter , in and by faith . Gal. 2. 20. Neverthelesse I live , yet not I , but Christ liveth in me , and the life which I now live in the flesh , I live by the faith of the Son of God Psal. 74. 13 , 14. Thou didst divide the sea by thy strength : thou brakest the heads of the dragons in the waters : That is , of the chief captains , and commanders under Pharaoh . Thou brakest the heads of Leviathan ( that is , Pharaoh ) in pieces , and gavest him to be meat to the people inhabiting the wildernesse , for their faith , not their bellies . While they were in the wildernesse they remembred Gods mercy to them at the red sea , and lived by the faith of this providence of God . It is a life arising from the union of God with us by his sanctifying Spirit , whereby a man is able to perform actions spirituall , in the Promises is the life of the spirit of Gods people . The life of faith ( saith Mr Perkins ) is a true life indeed , the only life . The Schools dispute of faith , Ministers preach of faith , Professours talk of faith , prophane men swear by faith , but few men live by faith None can live , nor rightly understand this life but the Saints of God , a Promise from God is sufficient for faith to rest upon against all improbabilities whatsoever . Many reasons might be given why we should rather live upon Gods Word then any thing else . The first reason may be taken from Gods Alsufficiency . Consider 3. Attributes in God . 1. His Almighty power , he can as easily perform as promise . God urged this to his people when they were weak at any time , Numb. 11. Is the Lords hand shortened ? Gen. 18. Is any thing too hard for the Lord ? 2. The goodnesse and love of God , his promises are given to his people as fruits of his love , Jer. 31. 3. 3. His truth , faithfulnesse and unchangeablenesse , Mal. 3. 6. The second reason may be drawn from the interest which Christ hath in him that makes the promise , and in him to whom the promise is made . 1. All the Promises are yea and Amen in Christ , Consider , 1. Christs interest in his Father who makes the Promise , his Father makes them all for the Sons sake , all the Promises are called the sure mercies of David , Isa. 55. He being a type of Christ . 2. Christ hath bought all the Promises of the Father with his own hearts bloud . 2. The interest Christ hath in his people , he is one with them , and they one with him . A third reason may be taken from the nature of faith , the proper object of it is a Promise from God , Heb. 11. 1. Faith sees things clearly , infallibly , strongly . Motives to living by faith . First , The necessity of it . 1. Take away this and you take away the only principle which distinguisheth the life of a man as a Christian from the life of other men . 2. The only cause of all heart-breaking and uncomfortable sorrows which Gods people meet with in any condition is the want of this , Psal. 42. 3. The want of this is one great cause , if not the only cause of the unevennesse found in the conversation of Gods people . Rebecca and Jacob had a direct Promise that Jacob should have the blessing , yet because Esau was great with his father they used unjust means . 4. Without this we can expect no benefit from the Promises ( though they be precious ) unlesse we rest our selves upon them , Isa. 26. 3. Secondly , It is a very becoming , amiable , fitting thing that we should rather live upon a word of God , then any other help whatsoever . No creature on earth ever attains to a self sufficiency , one must have something for his support , therefore it is better to take a Promise from God , then to depend upon the deceitfulnesse of creature-comforts . Thirdly , The wonderfull gain which comes by it . 1. The soul which hath but once learnt to make the Word of God a sufficient stay to it self , such a one will live the easiest life that any man in the world lives . It is not easily learnt ( for much grace is required to it ) but when thou hast once got it , it is comfortable . Such a one lives as a childe when he is in his fathers house , he is never troubled with care for meat , drink , or cloathes : the soul is at quiet when it hath learn'd to center it self upon the word . 2. It is the greatest ingagement ( as I may say ) to God to help them , we cannot put a greater obligation upon him , then by trusting in him , God will never fail such as trust in him , Isa. 26. 3. Psal. 91. 9 , 14. Means to attain this life of faith . How may a soul learn to pick a living out of the word , to live by faith . The life of faith is to fetch the counsell , the portion and comfort of his life out of the word . Ten directions how the soul may attain to live this life of faith . First , Nothing but a sound , true , living faith is a principle of this life , all the Schoolmasters in the world cannot teach any creature to live by reason , till it hath a reasonable soul . Labour to understand the true nature of faith , and get it wrought in thy soul , the just man will live by his faith . Secondly , Every degree of saving faith will not serve a man to live comfortably and free from distempers , one must have a sound faith , and a pleropho●y , and a great deal of faith for that end , the least degree of saving faith will serve for justification , sanctification , adoption , salvation , but not for consolation : Every blast of temptation overthrew the Disciples while they were weak beleevers , they questioned the truth of all , Christ therefore rebukes them for it , and saith , Why are your hearts troubled ? Paul when he could say , I know whom I have beleeved , though after he was told he should be whipt , he said , none of these things troubled him . Thirdly , He gets acquaintance with some things in the covenant of grace which may take off those objections that usually trouble beleevers , which are four , and these doe hinder Gods people from living by faith . 1. They finde corruption in their hearts , this should no way hinder their comfort , if they hate it and strive against it . 2. Temptations trouble them , whereas Gods own people are liable to temptations of all sorts . 3. Afflictions , God breeds them up which are in covenant with him under divers and great afflictions . 4. Desertions , They finde not the working of Gods Spirit , nor the assurance of his favour , God many times leaves his best children to great and sad desertions . Fourthly , Thou must get sound acquaintance with the Promises of the Gospel , else thou wilt be to seek in time of trouble . Some generall Promises concern all estates we can be in , all things shall work for good to them that fear God , and no good thing shall be wanting to such . 2. There are excellent promises in the Scripture for any condition imaginable . Fiftly , As the exigents or occasions require , whether to bear afflictions or go through temptations , act thy faith upon that Promise which sutes thy present need . A good man having all taken from him , and his wife desiring to know how he and his family would live , he said he would now put his bond in suit . Think on Gods power , truth , love , and Christs interest in the Promises to incourage thy soul . Sixtly , As a Promise from God must be measured by faith , so only by faith , not by carnall sense or reason , doe as Abrahaem did , he never told his wife Sarah when he was to go cut his childes throat and offer him a sacrifice to God . Seventhly , Faith must be helped with a use of all other means which God hath appointed to attain the blessing , 2 Sam. 7. later end . Psal. 5. 3. Psal. 119. Deal well with thy servant according to thy word . Faith made Noah to build him an Ark , work belongs to us , successe to God . Eightly , Resolve to wait the Lords leasure in all thy beleeving , limit him not to the time or manner of delivering thee , resolve God shall do it in his own time , if thou hast an able good paymaster thou wilt be willing he should pay thee how and when he will . He that beleeves will not make haste . Ninthly , Get thy will so far subdued to Gods will , that his will may be thine , as near as it is possible for poor sinners to attain it : learn to say Gods will is the best will , Rom. 12. 3. 4. Tenthly , Study the life of holines , let David be an example to thee , he had great communion with God , and knew how to improve a Promise . Some think one ought to beleeve whatever corruptions he gives way to , they say men are duty-mongers , merit-mongers . Others of Gods people are too much dejected with the remainders of their own corruption . CHAP. VIII . 2. Of dying in Faith . QValis vita , finis ita : He that will die in faith , must first of all live by faith , and there is but one example in all the whole Bible , of a man dying in faith that lived without faith , viz. that thief upon the crosse . To die by faith , is when a man in the time of death , doth with all his heart rely himself wholly on Gods speciall love and favour and mercy in Christ , and as it is revealed in the word . Religion is seen in its glory , when one not only lives but dies in Christ , Phil. 1. 21. For me to live is Christ and to die is gain . And ver. 20. So now also Christ shall be magnified in my body , whether it be by life or death . If I live , by preaching , if I dy , by suffering . Dr Preston said a little before his death , I have long● conversed with Christ in the world , and though I change my place , I shall not change my company . Revel. 14. 13. Blessed are the dead which dy in the Lord , from henceforth , yea saith the Spirit , that they may rest from their labours , and their works doe follow them . In the Lord , that is , say some for the Lord , as Ephes. 4. 1. Which suffer death for Christ , rather in the faith of Christ being incorporated into him , {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} from henceforth , as Rom. 8. 1. and 16 , 17. That constantly hold out in these times of persecution , say some , presently , saith Dr Rainolds , from the very time of their death , they rest from their labours , of their particular calling , under afflictions from God , and persecutions from men , under sin , temptations , desertions . And their works , That is metonymically , the rewards of their works , as 2 Cor. 5. 26. Do follow them , accompany or go with them , the words well weighed sound so . When a godly man dies he dies in the ●ord by vertue of his union with Christ , when there is a dissolution of the soul and body , the mysticall union is not dissolved , as the personall union of Christ was not dissolved when he died . Before I lay down directions how to die well , and shew the benefits that come to the godly by death , I will shew 1. The necessity , or certainty of death , and the misery of it to the wicked . 2. Resolve some questions about death . Of the first , Death is a common condition appointed for every man first or last to undergo . Heb. 9. 27. And as it is appointed unto men once to die , but after this the judgement . The Greek word {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} translated , It is appointed , signifieth , it lieth as a mans lot . Once imploies two things , 1. A certainty , it shall once be . 2. A singularity , it will be but once , 1 Samuel 26. 8. 1 King. 2. 2. I go the way of all the earth , saith David Job 30. 23. The grave is called the house appointed for all the living . Eccles. 12. 5. Solomon calls the grave {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Bajith Gnolam , domum saeculi , the house of age : We translate it long home , where he must abide for a long time . 1 Cor. 15. 26. The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death , that is , death destroies all and after is destroied it self . Psal. 89. 48. What man lives and shall not see death ? When we would affirm any thing to be infallibly true , we say as sure as death . A young man may die , an old man must die . It is an Hebrew proverb , In Golgotha are to be seen sculs of all sizes , that is , death comes on the young as well as the old . Omnes una manet nox , Et calcanda semel via lethi . When it was told Anaxagoras that both his sons ( which were all he had ) were dead , being nothing terrified therewith , he answered , Sciebam me genuisse mortales , I knew I begat mortall creatures . There are three speciall reasons why all must die . 1. Because God hath so decreed it , Heb. 9. 27. 2. All men are made of one mould and matter , Job . 4. 19. Dust thou art , and unto dust shalt thou return , Gen. 3. 19. 3. Because all have sinned , Rom. 5. 12. Wherefore as by one man sinne entred into the world , and death by sin : and so death passed upon all men , for that , or in whom all have sinned . Beza prefers that version , in whom , In Adam legally , as they stood under his Covenant , in him naturally , as they bear his Image . Sin brought death into the world , either meritoriè , as it deserves wrath , or privativè , as it takes away the power of the law to conferre life . Rom. 6. 23. The wages of sinne is death . The word in the * Originall signifies properly victuals , because victuals were that which the Roman Emperours gave their souldiers as wages in recompence of their service : but thence the word extends to signifie any other wages or salary whatsoever . Death is then certain , because no man can eschew it , yet it is 3. waies uncertain . 1. In regard of time , no man knows when * he shall die , Hezekiah only had a lease of his life . 2. In regard of place * , no man knows where he shall die . 3. In respect of the kinde of death , no man kuows what death he shall die , whether a naturall or violent death . Objection , 1 Cor. 15. 51. We shall not all sleep , but we shall all be changed , Christ is said to be the judge of the quick and dead , therefore all men shall not die . Answer , Cajetan on 2 Thes. 4. 17. gives both a succinct and sufficient answer , Statutum regulare est , illos autem non mori singulare est . Others say that change shall be a kinde of death . Secondly , The misery that comes to the wicked by death . Every man in an unregenerate estate lies under the fear of death . 1. The Scripture thus frequently sets forth naturall men . Heb. 2. 15. And deliver them who through fear of death were all their life time subject to bondage . Job 18. 14. Death is called The King of terrours , an ordinary hebraisme , as the Lord of glory , that is , most glorious , death hath a dominion over them . Luk. 1. 79. The shadow of death , that is , such darknesse as strikes men with fear of death . 2. All unregenerate men hate the very thoughts of death , Isa. 28. 15. Lewis the 11th of France straitly charged his servants , that when they saw him sick they should never dare to name that bitter word , Death , in his ears . 3. Thoughts of death often imbitter all the comforts of this life . The reasons of this truth may be these . 1. Because death is contrary to nature it self , and to that inseparable desire of its own preservation , it being a dissolution of the whole man , and a separation of two most loving companions , the soul and body , by vertue of that ancient curse , Gen. 2. 17. Yet it is not an enemy to the godly mans person , though it be to his naturall estate , 1 Cor. 3. 22. Christ did maledictionem benedicere , paupertatem ditare , ignominiam glorificare , saith Luther . 2. Because they die in their sins they must themselves conflict with the terrours of death , 1 Cor. 15. 55. John . 8. 44. Sin in every man brings with it a secret guiltinesse , which makes him fear something worse will follow after death . 3. It puts an end to all the benefits and comforts of this life . Son remember that in thy life time thou receivedst good things . It deprives him of friends , goods , pleasures , credit . 4. It puts an end to all his hopes , Job 11. ult. Their hope shall be as the giving up of the ghost . 5. His conscience shall then be awakened , this is the worm . 6. It brings him to the barre of judgement , Heb. 9. 27. He must go to God to give an account , in whom he hath no interest . 7. All offers of grace shall be at an end . 8. It is the inlet to eternity and puts them into an unchangeable condition . In the next place I shall resolve some questions about death . 1. Question , Whether it be lawfull to desire death ? We have examples of both kindes , Paul desired to be dissolved , but Hezekiah mourned , and prayed exceedingly against it , so did David , Psal. 102. yet he rashly wished to die for Absolom , 1 Sam. 18. 33. The Israelites offended this way , Would God we had died in Egypt , and would God we had died with our brethren . Elisha , Job , and Jonah were to blame this way , O that I had never been born , said Job , O that I had died so soon as I was born , O that I might die out of hand , for these are the three parts of his desperate words . It is often in the mouths of wicked people , would I were dead , and I would I were out of the world . If they were to die indeed they would be loath enough to it . Like the man in the fable , who being wearied with his burden of sticks , lay down and called for death , but when death came indeed to take him , and said , What shall I doe man ? thou calledst me : I pray thee , said he , help me up with my burden of sticks . To answer this question , we must distinguish , 1. Of desire , there is Desiderium carnale , spirituale , heroscum , a carnall , spirituall , and heroicall desire . If this desire ariseth , 1. From diffidence of Gods help and succour . 2. From impatience under crosses . Or 3. From shunning of those labours and pains which are to be endured for Gods glory and the Churches good , it is very sinfull , but if it arise from a holy desire to injoy the presence of Christ , and to be freed from sin , it may be lawfull . Secondly , We must distinguish of the manner in desiring , which is either absolute or conditionate , if it be a conditionate one with submission to Gods will , as long as the Church hath need of him , it may be lawfull , Domine si adhuc populo tuo sim necessarius , n●llum recuso laborem . 2. Question , Whether a godly man may fear to die ? Answer , He may . 1. For some sin that he is not enough humbled for . 2. For want of the clear evidence of pardon and assurance of interest in Christ . 3. Question , Whether may one pray against a sudden and violent death ? Answer , A violent and sudden death chiefly by some immediate hand of God , is tedious to mans nature : The Apostles themselves in a tempest made bold to waken Christ with some what a reproving speech , Master , carest thou not that we perish ? Christ told Peter ( foretelling a violent death ) that he should be led to it as to that which he would not , meaning by the naturall inclination of his will , this gives us just ground and warrant to pray against sudden and violent death . 4. Question , Whether may we mourn for the dead ? Answer , Yes , Because 1. Death is a fruit of sin , In the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt d●e the death , and a sign of Gods displeasure against it . 2. It is a separation of friends , and they should not part without some grief , onely we must look that our mourning in such cases , be 1. Serious , not counterfeit . 2. Moderate , not excessive , either for quantity or continuance , which may shew want of hope and excesse of love , both naught . 3. Holy , turning our sorrow from the death of our friends to the bewailing of our sins , the only procurers of that and all other crosses . In the last place I shall lay down directions how to die well , and shew the benefits that come to the godly by death . 1. What a Christian should do that would die comfortably . 1. Discharge the place and office which God hath called him to with much diligence and sincerity , 2 Tim. 4. 7 , 8. Act. 20. 31. Why dost fear O my soul ( said Hilarion ) thou hast served God this seventy years , and art thou afraid to die ? Live much in a little time , doe all for eternity , be abundant in serving thy generation , Acts 13. 36. You live no longer in Gods account then you serve him . 2. Doe nothing against conscience for the greatest advantage , this troubled Iudas , he betraied innocent bloud , this made the wofull tragedy of Spira . 3. Take heed of unjust dealing and violent oppressing of others . Samuel before his death , Tell me ( saith he ) whose ox or asse have I stolen or taken away ? * 4. Improve thy riches and honours for Gods glory , Luk. 16. 9. 5. Spend the time of thy health well , and lay up praiers for death before hand . Teach us to number our daies ( that is , to consider how few they are ) that we apply our hearts to wisdom . 6. Get acquaintance with death , take notice of all the approaches of it , behold the mortality of others and consider thine own , do not think to die all at once , the Apostle saith , I thank God I die daily , So seriously meditate on death , as to draw from thence some wholesome and profitable conclusions and resolutions for the well ordering of thy life , and that in respect of four things chiefly ; sin , the things of the world , our own persons , and the persons of others . For sin , this conclusion must follow , therefore sin is a most hatefull thing to God , and a most harmfull thing to man , for it alone hath provoked God to inflict this heavy punishment of death , yea of eternall death after this upon the sons of men , unlesse repentance come betwixt . Sinne is the parent and sting of death , sin brought it into the world and makes it terrible , therefore I must hate sinne , lament sin , resist and mortifie sin , and must make it my chiefest and in a manner my only care to get my sins forgiven , my iniquity subdued , and then resolve especially to mortifie that sin which thy heart is most unwilling to reform . 2. In respect of the world , we must conclude and resolve , that wealth honour , pleasure , friends , are but very vanities , trifles and toies , poor petty short and vanishing goods , therfore I must , and by Gods grace will resolve to pull mine heart from off these things , not rejoice in them , trust in them , boast of them , seeing I brought nothing into the world and must carry nothing out , use the present world as if we used it not . 2. Diligently prepare for the life to come , every man must be for ever in heaven or hell ( there is no middle place as * pargatory ) so soon as his soul and body are separated . Labour therefore to get good assurance of bettering your estate and injoying eternall life by bewailing the sinfulnesse of your nature and lives , and seeking unto , and resting upon the Lord Jesus Christ alone , and his mediation and obedience and the sprinkl●ng of his bloud for pardon of sin and help against damnation , and lastly labour and study to reform your hearts and lives more and more . 3. Concerning our own persons , we must thus conclude that we are but mean and contemptible creatures that must die and turn to dust and be made food for worms , why should I then be proud , or think my self better then others because of my strength , beauty , wit , learning , parentage , titles , offices , attendances ? of all which death will strip me and teach me to know they were but borrowed things . 4. For other men we ought to to conclude thus , they also must die as well as my self , my husband , wife , my dear and faithfull friend , who knows how soon ? therefore it is a great weaknesse to trust on such , to place my happinesse in them . Cease from man whose breath is in his nostrils , therefore use al persons as well as all things , as if thou didst not use them . Lastly , Let the Saints of God take great comfort in the contemplation of the good that death will bring them , it concludes all their sorrows and evils and is a beginning of all joies , pleasures , comfort , glory and happinesse . Death is to such a resting from their labours , Rev. 14. 14. A happy change , Phil. 3. 21. Job 14. 14. cals death a change , it is not an annihilation or extinction , but a mutation , and that by way of eminency , My change . It is the last change we shall meet with till the resurrection . 2. A lasting , nay an everlasting change , it puts us into an eternall condition of happinesse or misery . 3. An universall change , 1. in respect of persons all must meet with it . 2. In regard of the whole man , body and soul , makes the body a stinking carkasse , and puts the soul into heaven or hell . 4. A different change according to the quality of the person changed , terrible to a sinner , comfortable to the godly . Death is their bodies seed-time , 1 Cor. 15. the crowning day to the soul , 2 Tim. 4. 7 , 8. the funerall of all their sins and sorrows , Rom. 6. 7. I shall in the last place mention some of the chief benefits that come to the godly by death . By it he is freed 1. From sin , not only the destroying power , but the being of it is then taken away . 2. From those miseries which follow sin , Isa. 57. 1 , 2 , 3. 3. From the temptations of the devil , Rev. 12. 8. 4. From the troubles of the world , and vexations of the flesh , Rev. 14. 13. Eccles. 4. 1 , 2. 2. There is nothing in his death but what conduceth to make him happy . 1. A godly man dies in Gods love , and mercy , 2. He never dies til he be prepared , till his graces be perfected and work finished , Job . 5. 26. 3. He shall in some measure be assured of a better life , 2 Cor. 5. 1. 4. When he dies he shall leave a sweet favour behinde him , Prov. 10. 7. The memory of the just is blessed * {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} The Septuagint thus translates it , {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} . The memory of the just is with praises . Let the godly therefore comfort themselves against death with these promises , Joh. 3. 16. & 5. 24. and 10. 28. and 11. 25. 1 Cor. 15. 22 , 57. 2 Cor. 5. 1. FINIS . AN ALPHABETICALL TABLE . A. Anne Askew . p. 29. Aprice . p. 59. B. Bainham . p. 24. Beleever freed from the law , how . p. 111. Bilney . p. 20 , 21 , 22 , 23. Blague . p. 30. Bradbridges wife . p. 59. Bradford . p. 44 , 45 , 46. C. Covenant , the reason of the hebrew name . 81 , 82 What a covenant is , 82. The severall kindes of covenants . p. 83 , 84. 1. The covenant of works . p. 85 , to 91. The covenant of grace . p. 91 , to 113. Cranmer . p. 56 , 57 , 58. D. Damplip . p. 28. Death is common to all . p. 136 , 137 , 138 , 139. The misery which comes to the wicked by death . p. 140 , 141 , 142. Whether it be lawfull to desire death . p. 142 , 143 , 144. Whether may one pray against a sudden and violent death . p. 145. Whether may one mourn for the dead . p. ib. Whether a good man may fear to die . p. 144. What a christian should do to die comfortably . p. 146. Dying in faith . p. 134 , to the end . E. Error , all the errors almost of these : times may be confuted from the doctrine of the covenant . p. 108. to 110. F. Faith , what it is . p. 124. Farrar . p. 40. Filmer . p. 27. Folk . p. 60. G. Glover . p. 48 , 49. H. Hamelton . p. 19. Hauks . p. 42 , 43. Hector . p. 19. Hierome of Prague . 17 Holland . p. 61. Hooper . p. 34 , 35. Hunter . p. 39 , 40. Hus. p. 16. I. Ignatius . p. 14 , 15 , 16. Indulgencies , Luther first opposed them . 68. K. Kerby . p. 28 , 29. L. Lambert . p. 26. Latimer . p. 52 to 55. Laverock . p. 59. Lawrence . p. 40. Living by faith . p. 124 , to 134. Luther , divers memorable things of him . p. 65. to 81. M. Martin , why Luther was so called . p. 65. 3. Martins much opposed the papists . ib. Martyr , Observations concerning the martyrs in generall . p. 1 , to 13. What a martyr is . p. 1 , 2 , 3. The great honor of martyrdome . p. 3 , 4. The severall sorts of martyrs . p. 4. They suffered cheerfully . p. 5. Constantly . p. 6 , 7 , 8 , 9. With much comfort and assurance . p. 10. The number of them . p. 6 , 7. They were eminent in many graces . p. 11. to 13. Moice . p. 18. P. Person . p. 26 , 27. Philpot. p. 55 , 56. Pikes . p 62. Policarpus . p. 13 , 14. Pomponius Algerius . p. 18. Prests wife . p. 64. Promises . p. 113 , to 124 R. Ridley . p. 50 , 51 , 52. Rogers . p. 30 , 31. Rough . p. 60 , 61. S. Samuel . p. 47 , 48. Sanders . p. 31 , 32 , 33. Serre . p. 18 , 19. Sincerity . p. 103 , 104 , 105. Sparrow . p. 60. T. Taylor . p. 37 , 38 , 39. Tyms . p. 58. Tyndall . p. 24 , 25 , 26. V. Voes . p. 17. W. Waid . p. 46. White . p. 41 , 42. Y. Young . p. 64. FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A47618e-230 When any common calamity befell the people or State , as famine , dearth , pestilence , they straightway imputed it to the Christians , saying , that they and their wicked religion were the cause thereof . Christianos ad Leonem . Tertul. Away with them to the Lion , to the stake . * Consule Commentarios vestros , illic reperietis primum Neronem in hanc sectam●tum maxime Romae orientem Caesariano gladio ferocisse : Sed tali dedicatore damnationis nostrae gloriamur . Qui enim scit illum , intelligere potest non nisi grande aliquod bonum à Nerone damnatum . Tertul. Apol. cap. 5. * Vide Euseb. lib. 8. * Of all since the conquest her reign was the shortest , only excepting that of Richard the tyrant , but much more bloudy then was his . Speeds Chro. in Q. Marie . Foxes Acts and Monum. 3d vol. pag. 1023. Foxes 3d vol. p. 95. See also in Fox a notable story of the death of Dr Whittington a persecutour . Fox ubi supra * Mr Manton on Rev. 2. 3. Mat. 25. Foxes Acts and Monum. 3d vol. p. 433 * Dr Hall . * Dr Gouge on Exod. 13. 13. Deut. 32. John 14. 15. 16. and 17. chap. * Mr Marshall and Mr Strong . Notes for div A47618e-1940 Vide Bezam in Act. 22. 20 Heb. 12. 4. Rev. 2. 13. & 6. 9. * Martyrū nomen bodiè duntaxat illis attribuitur qui mortem pro Christo perpessi sunt . Olim verò & potiss●mum aetate Cypriani , etiam illis qui à confessione nominis Christi nulla tormentorum atrocitate abduci poterant ; quos eleganter Tertullianus lib ▪ ad Martyres , designatos martyres nuncupat . Pamelius ad Cypriani ▪ epist. 9. M●Bradford to all that professe the Gospel in Lancashire . D. Halls contempl. . M. Pinkes fourth Sermon on that Text ▪ Luke 14. 26. See more there . Phil. 1. 29. Carelesse in his letter to Agnes . Glascock . Foxes 3. vol p. 29. And Guide Bree 3 vo . p. 38. Magnificus martyrij titulus {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} . Grot. in 21. Joh. 19. * Hic ( sc. amor spon●● ) leonis faucibus 〈…〉 eripuit , & ●uod meritò stupebat mu●dus , in medio tot ac etiam potentum hostium , infimo homuncioni & longam vitam prorogavit , & placidam mortem intra domesticos parictes concessit . Brightman in cant. 6. 2 Spanhom . Dub. Evan p●r ● . Dub 84. * Ex illa tanta multitudine omnis generis sexusque hominū tot locis ac saeculis distinctorum , qui pro hac religione mori non dubitarunt , colligendum , magnam aliquam tantae constantiae fuisse causam , quae alia cogitart non potest , quam lux veritatis Grot. de veritate Rel. Christ . l. 2. See Foxes 1. volume in Bilney , and 2. vol. p. 300. * In a letter to his wife Fox . 3. vol. p. p. 138. See Rawlins and William Sparrow . Sleid con● l 17. * Meter . hist. de reb. Belg. l. 15. From the beginning of the Jesuites to 1580. ( being the space of 30 years ) almost 900 thousand Protestants were put to death in France , England , Spain , Italy , Germany , and other parts of Christendome . Reverend Cranmer , learned Ridley , Down right Latimer , zealous Bradford , pious Philpot , patient Hooper . Fuller . on Heb. 9. 10. * Speeds chron. in Q. Mary . Neither in Q Elizabeths reign , nor in the reign of K. James , nor King Charles , vvas any Papist put to death meerly for his conscience . Cic quest . Tusc. l. 1. * S. Cyprian●● senten●i●m in se latam audiens , dixit gratias ago Deo omnipotenti , qui me à vinculis hujus corporis dignatur absolvere ▪ Pont. in vita Cypriani . * Aug Ser. de Cypr. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 1 p. 8● . See in Io. Hus. Ierom of Prague . Hen. Voes . Pet. Serre . Ia. Bainham . Anth. Person . An. Askew * In a letter to his kindred & friends at his farevvel . Fox . vol. 3. pa. 506. D. Tailour in his last vvill and testament . Fox . vol. 3. p. 175. Crudelitas vestra gloria est nostra ●ert . ad Scap. c. 5. Euseb. eccles. hist ▪ l. 5. In a praie● a little before his death . F●xes vol● 3. p. 154. See the subscriptions of Brad●ord● lett●rs . Tertul. Apolog. c , 39. * See M. Kerby , Io. Rogers , D. Farrar , * See in B. Hooper * See B. ●ati●er ▪ * See Archbishop Cran●er . * Hist. Eccles. l. 5. c. 19. * Hilarion morti proximus dixisse fertur , egredere , quid times ? egredere anima mea , quid du●itas ? septuaginta propè annis serviisti Christo , & mort●m times ? Hier. epist. ●am. lib. 3. & in ejus vit● ▪ Euse. hist. Eccles ▪ Permi●tite me sic , inquit , Qui enim mihi dedit velle larg●etur & posse ; atque ipsum tollerabilem faciet voluntati ignem ardentem . Smyrnensis Ecclesiae epistola , de S. Polycarpi Martyrio . A Syria Romam usque terra marique cum testiis de pugno , noct● ac interdiu alligatus de cem Leopardis ( quae est militaris custodia ) qui & beneficio affecti pejores . fiunt , utinam fruar bestiis mihi paratis , quas opto veloce● mihi inveniri , quas & blanditiis demulcebo , ut citius me devorent , non ut quosd●m me●uentes non attigerunt , sed & si ipsae aversae nolint , ego illas vi adigam . Ignatii epistola ad Romanos . * Ignatii epistola ad Romanos . * Fr●mentum sum Dei , dentibus ferarum molo● ut mundus panis Dei inveniar . Ignat ep ▪ ad Rom. * Luther in the Bohemian language signifieth a Svvan . Foxes Acts and Mon. 1. vol p. 820. * A Ring leader and Captain of an heresie . Foxes 1. vol. p 830. Iohn Has repents his playing at chesse . Foxes 1●vol. p. 830 Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 2 p. 102. K. Hen. Foxes Act , and Mon. in 2. vol. Henry 8. p. 122. Foxes Acts and Mon. 2. vol p 143. Plures efficimur quotiesme timur a vobis . Ter. Foxes ib ▪ p. 155. Foxes Acts and Mon. 2. vol p. 183. Foxes 2. vol. K. Henry the 8. p. 238. See the like propheticall speech of Philbert Hamlin in Foxes● . vol. p 151. And of a poor man in Calice , p 565. And of Roger Holland , 2. vol. p. 145. Foxes Acts and Mon in 2. vol K He. 8. p. 268. Psal 50. Foxes Acts and Mon. 2. vol. K He. 8. p. 271 , 27● . And 3. vol. p. 450. Soultet . Annal. Anno 153 Foxes 2. vol p. 277. Fox ubi supra . Foxes ● . vol. K. He. 8. p. 301. Foxes Acts and Mon. 2. vol. p. 361. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 2. p. 367. Fox ib. Tindall said I will go and see this , but I wil set my faith to beleeve t●e contrary . The power of Gods Saints against the devil . He said , I cannot do it , for there sits the man ( pointing to Tindal ) who holds my hands . * He was burned at Filford in Flanders . Fox ib. Foxes Acts and Mon. 2. vol. p. 427. Foxes Acts and Mon. 2d . vol p. 554. Foxes●d . vol. p. 555. The like words spake the L. Cromwell to the L. Hungerford , they both going to their death . Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 2d . p 564. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 2d p. 586. * She said so twice . Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. ●d . p. 576 , 578. Sanders saith the s●me tvvice . George Marsh saith , pray , pray , pray , never more need . Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 235. * Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. ●d . p 576. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 2d . p. 580. Foxes Acts and Mon. 2d . vol p. 586 , 587. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d p. 130. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 130. He was a bold Israelite that first s●t his foot into the red sea saies D. Hall . Foxes Acts and Mon. 3d. vol p. 131. Foxes Acts and Mon. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d p. 140. Id. ib. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3. p. 140 , 141. B. Hooper prophesieth of himself . Foxes Act , and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 145. Fox ibid. p. 146. Epistle to Timothy . Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d p 147. While he vvas Bishop of Glocester and Worcester in K. Edw. time . Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 148. Foxes Acts and Mon. 3d. vol p. 153. Id. ib. Foxes Acts and Mon vol 3d. p. 154. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3. p. 176. Id. Ibid. 177. Another Martyr said , hold out faith and patience your vvork is almost at an end . Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 179. Id. ib. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 193. Fox ibid. 193 , 194. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 200. Foxes Act● and Mon. vol. d●2 . Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. 219. Fox ib. p. 220. See before in Rogers . Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d p. 257. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d p. 265 , 266. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 181. Qui non est Crucianus non est Christianus . Luth. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol : 3. p. 282. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d p. 356 , 357. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 382. See a strange token also upon Robert Smith in the fire , Fox ib. 410. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3. p. 414. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 427. Foxes Acts and Mon. 2d . vol. p. 788. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 502. Id , Ibid. Fox ubi supra . Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. p 502 , 503. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 461. Fox ib. * He was called father Latimer ▪ viz. Not burn , but starve for cold . Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 463. The Lord did most graciously grant all these requests . Latimers new years gift sent to K. Hen. the 8. Foxes Act , and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 486. * Heb. 13 ▪ 4 They both suffered together in Oxford against Baily College Martialis Epig. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d p. 503. Foxes Act● and Mon. 3d. vol p. 555. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d p. 593. Fox ibid. His life is written in latin ( out of Fox ) by Melchior Adam . Foxes Acts and Mon. 3 vol. p. 63● . * Hom● {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} , nec minus {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} ( Thomas Cranmerus Cantuariensis Archiepiscopus ) me non solum excepit , sed etiam in aula sua aliquandiu detinuit . Sed quid aulam invidioso verbo nomino ? Schola certè fuit , vel palaestra pietatis & literarum . Tremel . epist. in Hos ▪ enarrat . Foxes Acts and Mon. 3d. book , p. 671. * Because by his right hand he had formerly subscribed his recantation . Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 682. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d p. 701. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d. p. 2 , 7. Foxes Acts and Mon , vol. 3d. 832. Id. ibid. 833. There is no use of faith and hope in heaven , love & joy remain . See 1 Cor. 8. 13. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d p. 557. Foxes Acts and Mon. 3d. vol. p. 862. Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3d p. 877. * B Boner , after which day no man suffered in Smithfield for the testimony of the Gospel . Foxes Acts and Mon. 3d. vol. p. 879. Foxes Acts and Mon. 3d. vol. p. 887. Luke 22. 19. Fox ubi supra . Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 3. p. 891. * Three Martins have much opposed the Papists , Martin Luther , Martin Bucer , and Martin Chemnicius . * Melanct. Praefat. ad ●dum volumen Lutheri . Homo affectibus suis nimium indulgens , qui ipse animi suiaestum praeproperum saepe agnoscit . Rai●ol . de lib. Appoc . praelect , quarta vide Gesner ▪ B●bliothecam . * Saepe dicere solitus sum : etiamsi me Lutherus diabolum vocaret , me tamen hoc illi honoris habiturum , ut insignem Dei servum agnosca● : qui tamen ut pollet eximiis virtutibus , ita magnis vitiis laborat , Vehementian autem quae illi est ingenita , utinam in hostes veritatis semper contulisset , non etiam vibrasset in servos Dominitutinam recognescendis suis vitiis plus operae dedisset . Cal. Bul. As for sedition , for ought I know me thinks I should not need Christ if I might so say . Latimers 3d Serm. before Edw. the 6 Rivet . Iesuit . vap ▪ * About the year 1517. Foxes Acts and Mon. 2d . Tom. out of I. Bale . The spirit of Luther was raised by opposition . Concurrimus utrinque , illi extremo ●urore , & ego summo cōtemptu , & vincet mea audacia . * Melch. Adam . Si scirem tot Wormatiae esse diabolos quot tegulae in tectis ▪ tamen essem ingressurus . He might more fitly be called Doctor resolutus then the schoolman * Tom. 2d l. 16. c. 15. * Famous writers of the reformation , Luther & Melancthō in Saxony , Oecolampadius in Helvetia , Calvin and Beza in France , Peter Martyr and Zanchi●s from Italy * Sculter . Annal Fox . Acts and Mon 2d Tom. p. 83. Tanta reverentia aliquid petit , ut cum Deo : tanta spe & fide ut cum patre & amic● se loquisentiat . Melc . Ad. He said 〈◊〉 things make a Divine , meditation , praier , tēptation . His motto was , Sit miser , qui miser esse potest . * Prius non fuerit fermè in Scriptura tota amarius mihi verbum quam paenitentia , nunc nihil dulcius aut gratius mihi sonat qua● paenitentia . Lutherus Stupitio . Foxes Acts and Mon 2d . tome . p. 88. Quid ( inquit ) putas princi●em Frideri●ū propter tearma sumturum dixi ? hoc nollem prorsus , & ubi manebis ? Respondi , sub caelo . Lutherus praetat . ad Tom. primum . Ego ipse odi meos libros , & saepe opto eos interire , quod met●o ne morentur lectores , & abducant à lectione ipsius Scripturae , quae sela omnis sapientiae fons est ▪ Luth. in Gen. 19. Hic me prorsus renatum esse sensi , & apertis portis in ipsū Paradisum intrasse ibi ●ontinuò alia mihi facies totius Scripturae apparuit . Lutherus praesat . ad pr●mum opus . Foxes Acts and Mon. vol. 2d . p. 88. Paulò ante mortem a gens cum Philippo Melancthone , fatetur in negotio cae●ae ni●●um esse factum . ●●●nold ▪ de lib. Apoc prael quarta They offered him a cardinals hat if he would be quiet & not speak against the popish indulgencies , he answered , he would not though he might be Pope . * Loco primo de sacra Scriptura . Lutherus de primis conatibus petit , ut ea legatiector cū magna commiseratione & meminerit authorem fuisse aliquando monachum & Papistam insaniffimum . Luth. tom . 10. operū in praefat. Vide Melc . Ad. * Ipse ●go in una aliqua ardenti oratione mea plura saepedidi●i ▪ quam ex multorum librorum lectione aut accuratissima meditatione co●sequi potu●s●em . Luth. tom . 1. Melc . Ad. Melch. Ad Dicitur Hebraeis foedus {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Berith vel à {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Barah id est , eligendo , quod Foedus est ut Abenezra scribit mutuus cōsensus super aliqua revel à {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Bara id est exscindēdo , e● quod in foederibus semper ali ●uid occide●●atur ▪ Gen. 15 10 , 17. Foedus Latinis a ferie●do ▪ Paul . Fag . Armot . in Deu. ●9 . 11. * Berith quasi Cerith , because sacrifices were slain in making of Covenants , and therefore it is often construed with the verb {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Carath fecijt , he s●ruck , vide Su●kii , Antiq. Conviv . l. 1. c. 30 , See also M● Mede on Mal. 1. 11. and M. Cudworths discourse concerning the true notion of the L. Supper chap. 6. Omnes nos eramus ille unus . Aug. Deut 29. 21. God required mans service , non ex indigētia , sed ex abūdantia . Aquinas . Heb. 12. 24. Eph. 13. Gen. 17. 1. It is called the Covenant of grace , because God of his meer love and favour made it with man when he lay wallowing in his bloud , Ezek 16. 6. It doth not exclude all conditions , but only those which will not stand with grace . It is called a new Covenant , Heb. 8. 8 , 10. The Covenant of life , of salvation and grace , Rom. 4. 16. Gal. 3. 18. Isa. 42. As the first Adam Caput cum faedere , so the 2d , Adam , Isa. 42. 6. Gen. 17. 7. 2 Sam. 5. 23. Isa. 54. 10. Hos 2. 19. Vide Ames . Medul. l. 1. c. 24. 2 Cor. 5. ult. The first Covenant offers no surety , it is a Covenant without a Mediator . * All the promises of the law were conditionall , This doe and thou shalt live , Those great ones of the Gospel , of pardon of sin , of giving a soft heart , are absolute : 2. Those of the Gospel are mighty promises , they can give the mercy promised , and grace required , the law is weak through the flesh . God in the second Covenant set forth as it were a new edition of all his attributes . Repentance is a fruit of the second Covenant Act. 2. * Faedus dicitur , quia firma est promissio in Scripturis ēim quodlibet firmū statutū , quā vis sit de rebus inanimis , dicitur , faedus Ier. 33. 20 , 25. Quia tamen gratuita donatione constat , & morte donantis confirmatur , non tam propriè faedus quam testamentum vocatur , Heb. 9 16. quod cum in priori non invenitur , illud non tam propriè testamentum vocatur quam foe●us . Ames ▪ Med The . l. 1. c. 24. He is their shield , Ge. 15. a wall of fire round about them Zech. 12. The goodnesse of duties lies inadverbs , and the sweetnes of the covenant lies in possessives . Deus quantus , quantus 〈…〉 noster est ▪ Tolle De● & nullus ero . * Substantia foederis , Iun. Anima foederis . Pare . Caput foederis , Mus. Isa. 44 3 Ier. 31. 33 Ezek. 36. 26 ▪ The Spirit reveals & applies the promises . Christus impletio legis spiritus impletio Evangelij . Veritas à quacunque est à spiritu sancto est . Abraham saw Christs day a farre off , and rejoyced . Anna , Zacharias , & Elizabeth waited for the consolation of Israel , L● . 2 ▪ 25 , 30. Isa. 7. 14. Rom. 8. 20 See those Greek words ( which have an emphasis in them ) {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} , Mat. 10. 16 , and {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Phil. 1. 10. explained fully in my Greek Critica . Isa. 34. 5. * God discovers four things to his people by writing the law in the heart . 1 His holinesse , that a conformity to this law is a conformity to his holinesse , Ephes. 4. 24. 2. A perfect patern of that glorious image our first parents had in innocency . 3. A perfect patern of the law of God in Christs humane nature . 4. A patern of that perfection they shall attain unto , Hebrews 12 ▪ 24. Heb. 8. 10. It is not barely said thus , You shall not teach every man his neighbor , but that clause is added , saying , Know the Lord , not as if you were ignorant , but my law shall be in your hearts & you shal be taught as a knowing people . Iob 9. ●3 . Gal 4. 24. Partu● sequitur ventrem . Gal. 4. 4. Christ was not only under the ceremonial law as he was a Iew , but under the moral as a man , for it is under the law under which we were , and frō which we were redeemed . See Gal. 3. 13. Vid. Ames . Medul. l. 1. c. 39. * Rom. 4. 18. Heb. 11. 17. * Isa. 11. 9 & 54. 13. Rom. 9. 4. Though 1. The matter was exceeding great , yet God made good his Promise , as in that of Christ , Gen. 3. 15. who was more worth than heaven and earth , yet in the fulnesse of time Christ came . 2. Though it exceeded all humane reason as the Promise of a childe to Abraham and Sarah when so old . 3. Though it was a cluster of good things , and that to a nation . 4. Though he hath taken a great time to make it good . 5. Though humane policies have stood in the way , as in the case of the people of Israel and David . 2 Cor. 12. 4 Psal. 16. M. Strong on 1 Sam. 2. 30. Gods promises are of two sorts , such as are absolutely , and such as doe run conditionally according unto the nature of that good thing which he promiseth ; some good things promised are absolutely good for us , as pardon of sinne , grace . Thus Gods promise is made absolute to the elect in Christ : some good things are but conditionally good for us , as degrees of grace , comfort and outward blessings : and concerning these Gods promise is made conditionally , which condition if he break , he is at liberty . M. Bridge on Lam ▪ 5. 2. Numb 14 34 q●d I have p●omised to bring you into the land of Canaan upon such and such conditions , if you doe not perform the condition I am free . Promises are a manifestation of the covenant of grace , the covenant of love . The consolations of the Gospel differ from all other comforts , 1 They are unutterable , 1 Pet ▪ 1. 8 , Phil. 4 5. 2. Real , Ioh. 14 27. 3 Great & strong , Ephe. 6. 18 4 Reach to the inward man , 5 Comfort in the saddest distresses . Mic. 5. 5. 6. Are everlasting , 2 Thess. 2. 18. Josh. 1. 5. Those that are driven frō their houses , spoiled of their goods , should remember the hundred fold promise , and that Mic 4. 6 , 7 When David was driven from house and harbour , he incouraged himself in the Lord his God Tolle meum & tolle Deū . Aug. What faith is . Justifying faith is a spirituall habit , by which a regenerate man having in himself , upon a Divine testimony , an evidence of t●e truth and goodnesse of the promise , and covenant of eternall salvation through Jesus Christ , relies on him only for everlasting life . Mr White . Isa 38. 16. M. Ward . Ephes. 5. So is Christ , that is , the Church . Heb. 11. M. Perkins his right way of dying wel Psal. 73. ●● . These were the words of Tremellius a converted ▪ Jew near his end , Vivat Christus pereat Barabbas . Domini causa , id est ▪ propter Dominum . Beza . In Domino moriuntur , quicunque perfidem uniti & conjuncti Christo inunum quasi corpus cum eo coalescunt . Rainold . de l. Apoc. praelect. 80 Beati a modò , statim , è vestigio , ab ipso mortis tempore . Id. ib. There must be a being in Christ before there can be a dying in him , those that sleep in Iesus . Horace . Adam of Adamah , homo ab humo . Some reade {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} propterea quod , for as much as . * {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Stipendia capitur , Lu● . 3. 14. & 1 Cor. 9. 7. pro stipendio militum . de Dieu . in loc. Vide Grotium . in loc. * Morte nihil certius , boramortis nihil incertius . * Incertum est , quo te loco mors expectet , itaque tu illam omni loco expecta . Sen. epist. 26. Act. 10. 42. Vide Calv. in 1 Cor. 15 , 51 , Death is the Atheists fear , and the christians desire . Tenebrae metum mortis incutientes . 1 Cor. 15. 26. Lies down with the sins of his youth . A great man wrote thus a little before his death , Spes & fortuna valete . Phil. 1. 23 1 Kings 19. 4. Jonah 4. 3. Job 7. 15. and 6. 9. M. Fenner of conscience . Summum nec met●as diem nec optes . Mors non est simpliciter & , absolutè optanda , quia habet in serationem mali , sed primò tanquam medium ad finem praestantiorē , secundò propter consecutionē majoris boni . Egredere , quid times ? egredere anima mea quid dubitas ? septuaginta propè annos servisti Christo & mortem times ? Hier epist. Fam. l. 3. Non est timendum quod nos liberat ab omni timē , do . Tertul. Deu. 32. 19 * Psal. 90. 12. This will make death less bitter and terrible unto us , forewarned fore-armed . Tu mor●ē ut nunquā time as , semper cogita . Senec It is the act of acts & science of sciences to learn to die . Moriantur ante te vitia Sen. Our Saviour being at a great feast at Bethanie , sell into meditatiō and speech of his death and 〈◊〉 , Ioh. ●● . 7 , 8. Ioseph of Arimathea made his tomb in his gardē , Ioh. 19 4● * Nemose decipiat fratres , duo enim loca sunt , & tertius non est visus . Qui cum Christo regnare nō meruit , cū diabolo absque ulla dubitatione peribit . Aug. serm. 1. de ebrietate . See Ioh. 11. 44. 2 Tim. 4. 7 * The Iews when they make mention of any of their deceased Worthies , are wont to doe it with this encomium {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} id est , Memoria ejus sit in bened●ctionem . Which encomiasticall scheme is taken from that of Solomon , Pr● . 10. 7. Buxtorf . de Abbreviat Hebr. Fuller . Concord . Hebr. transm . and Mede on Psal. 112. 6.