The gentleman's recreation in four parts, viz. hunting, hawking, fowling, fishing : wherein these generous exercises are largely treated of, and the terms of art for hunting and hawking more amply enlarged than heretofore : whereto is prefixt a large sculpture, giving easie directions for blowing the horn, and other sculptures inserted proper to each recreation : with an abstract at the end of each subject of such laws as relate to the same.
         Cox, Nicholas, fl. 1673-1721.
      
       
         
           1686
        
      
       Approx. 937 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 283 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images.
       
         Text Creation Partnership,
         Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) :
         2003-01 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1).
         A34843
         Wing C6705
         ESTC R33687
         13549337
         ocm 13549337
         100171
         
           
            This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of
             Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal
            . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.
          
        
      
       
         Early English books online.
      
       
         (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A34843)
         Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 100171)
         Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 1547:49)
      
       
         
           
             The gentleman's recreation in four parts, viz. hunting, hawking, fowling, fishing : wherein these generous exercises are largely treated of, and the terms of art for hunting and hawking more amply enlarged than heretofore : whereto is prefixt a large sculpture, giving easie directions for blowing the horn, and other sculptures inserted proper to each recreation : with an abstract at the end of each subject of such laws as relate to the same.
             Cox, Nicholas, fl. 1673-1721.
             Langbaine, Gerard, 1656-1692. Hunter, a discourse in horsemanship.
          
           
             The third edition,
          
           445 p. in various pagings, [4] folded leaves of plates : ill.
           
             Printed, and are to be sold by Jos. Phillips ... and Hen. Rodes ...,
             London :
             1686.
          
           
             "The epistle dedicatory" signed: Nicholas Cox.
             Each part has special t.p.
             The "Hunting horse" [by Gerard Langbaine], 98 p. at end, has special t.p.: The hunter, a discourse in horsemanship.
             Errata: p. 98 at end.
             Reproduction of original in the Harvard University Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford.
         Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors.
      
       
         EEBO-TCP is a partnership between the Universities of Michigan and Oxford and the publisher ProQuest to create accurately transcribed and encoded texts based on the image sets published by ProQuest via their Early English Books Online (EEBO) database (http://eebo.chadwyck.com). The general aim of EEBO-TCP is to encode one copy (usually the first edition) of every monographic English-language title published between 1473 and 1700 available in EEBO.
         EEBO-TCP aimed to produce large quantities of textual data within the usual project restraints of time and funding, and therefore chose to create diplomatic transcriptions (as opposed to critical editions) with light-touch, mainly structural encoding based on the Text Encoding Initiative (http://www.tei-c.org).
         The EEBO-TCP project was divided into two phases. The 25,363 texts created during Phase 1 of the project have been released into the public domain as of 1 January 2015. Anyone can now take and use these texts for their own purposes, but we respectfully request that due credit and attribution is given to their original source.
         Users should be aware of the process of creating the TCP texts, and therefore of any assumptions that can be made about the data.
         Text selection was based on the New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature (NCBEL). If an author (or for an anonymous work, the title) appears in NCBEL, then their works are eligible for inclusion. Selection was intended to range over a wide variety of subject areas, to reflect the true nature of the print record of the period. In general, first editions of a works in English were prioritized, although there are a number of works in other languages, notably Latin and Welsh, included and sometimes a second or later edition of a work was chosen if there was a compelling reason to do so.
         Image sets were sent to external keying companies for transcription and basic encoding. Quality assurance was then carried out by editorial teams in Oxford and Michigan. 5% (or 5 pages, whichever is the greater) of each text was proofread for accuracy and those which did not meet QA standards were returned to the keyers to be redone. After proofreading, the encoding was enhanced and/or corrected and characters marked as illegible were corrected where possible up to a limit of 100 instances per text. Any remaining illegibles were encoded as <gap>s. Understanding these processes should make clear that, while the overall quality of TCP data is very good, some errors will remain and some readable characters will be marked as illegible. Users should bear in mind that in all likelihood such instances will never have been looked at by a TCP editor.
         The texts were encoded and linked to page images in accordance with level 4 of the TEI in Libraries guidelines.
         Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements).
         
          Keying and markup guidelines are available at the
           Text Creation Partnership web site
          .
        
      
       
         
         
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           Hunting -- England -- Early works to 1800.
           Fishing -- England -- Early works to 1800.
           Fowling -- England -- Early works to 1800.
           Falconry -- England -- Early works to 1800.
           Game laws -- England.
        
      
    
     
        2000-00 TCP
        Assigned for keying and markup
      
        2001-11 Apex CoVantage
        Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images
      
        2002-04 TCP Staff (Oxford)
        Sampled and proofread
      
        2002-04 Judith Siefring
        Text and markup reviewed and edited
      
        2002-05 pfs
        Batch review (QC) and XML conversion
      
    
  
   
     
       
         
           
             
             
               
                 The
                 Royall
                 Hart
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Hare
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Stagg
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 fox
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Hinde
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Badger
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Buck
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Otter
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Roe
                 Buck
              
            
             
               
                 
                   The
                   antient
                   Hunting
                   Noats
                   with
                   Marshs
                   additions
                
                 
                   Names
                   of
                   the
                   Noats
                
                 
                   —
                   tone
                   ton
                   tavern
                   ,
                   ton-tavern
                   ,
                   ton-ton-tavern
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   To
                   call
                   the
                   Company
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                
                 
                   The
                   Stroaks
                   to
                   the
                   field
                   .
                
                 
                   To
                   uncouple
                   the
                   Hounds
                
                 
                   When
                   the
                   Hounds
                   hunta
                   Game
                   unknown
                
                 
                   A
                   Recheate
                   when
                   the
                   Hounds
                   hunt
                   a
                   right
                   Game
                
                 
                   The
                   double
                   Recheate
                
                 
                   The
                   trebble
                   or
                   Sr
                   Hervits
                   Recheate
                
                 
                   The
                   Earthing
                   of
                   a
                   ffox
                   if
                   recoverable
                
                 
                   If
                   not
                   to
                   call
                   away
                
                 
                   The
                   death
                   of
                   a
                   Hare
                
                 
                   The
                   death
                   of
                   a
                   Buck
                
                 
                   The
                   death
                   of
                   a
                   Staag
                   or
                   Hart
                
                 
                   The
                   death
                   of
                   a
                   ffox
                
                 
                   The
                   call
                   for
                   a
                   Keeper
                   in
                   Park
                   or
                   fforrest
                
                 
                   The
                   prize
                   of
                   a
                   Hart
                   Royall
                
                 
                   The
                   Stroaks
                   for
                   the
                   Terriers
                   when
                   the
                   ffox
                   is
                   earthed
                
                 
                   To
                   draw
                   the
                   Company
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   ffield
                
                 
                   A
                   Recheate
                   or
                   ffarewell
                   at
                   Parting
                
              
            
             
               Theis
               Noats
               are
               Taught
               &
               Sould
               by
               Michaell
               Marsh
               at
               the
               Haintsman
               at
               Holborne
               Bridge
            
          
           
             
             
               
            
          
           
             
             
               THE
               GENTLEMANS
               Recreation
               :
               In
               Four
               Parts
               ,
               VIZ.
               HUNTING
               ,
               HAWKING
               ,
               FOWLING
               ,
               FISHING
               Wherein
               These
               Generous
               EXERCISES
               are
               largely
               Treated
               of
               ,
               and
               the
               Terms
               of
               Art
               for
               HUNTING
               and
               HAWKING
               more
               amply
               Enlarged
               than
               heretofore
               .
               Whereto
               is
               prefixt
               a
               large
               Sculpture
               ,
               giving
               easie
               Directions
               for
               blowing
               the
               Horn
               ,
               and
               other
               Sculptures
               inserted
               proper
               to
               each
               Recreation
               .
               With
               an
               ABSTRACT
               at
               the
               end
               of
               each
               SUBJECT
               of
               such
               LAWS
               as
               relate
               to
               the
               same
               .
            
             
               The
               Third
               EDITION
               ,
               With
               the
               Addition
               of
               a
               HUNTING-HORSE
               .
            
             
               LONDON
               ,
               Printed
               ,
               and
               are
               to
               be
               sold
               by
               
                 Jos.
                 Phillips
              
               at
               the
               Seven
               Stars
               in
               St.
               Paul's
               Church-yard
               ,
               and
               
                 Hen.
                 Rodes
              
               next
               door
               to
               the
               Swan-Tavern
               ,
               near
               Bride-Lane
               in
               Fleetstreet
               ,
               1686.
               
            
          
           
             
             
             
               To
               the
               Right
               Honourable
               JAMES
               Lord
               NORREYES
               BARON
               of
               RICOT
               ,
               His
               Majesties
               Lord-Lieutenant
               OF
               OXFORD-SHIRE
               .
            
             
               IF
               to
               admire
               Worth
               and
               Honour
               were
               a
               Crime
               ,
               it
               would
               highly
               concern
               me
               to
               beg
               your
               Lordships
               pardon
               for
               the
               presumption
               of
               this
               Address
               .
               For
               that
               's
               the
               Cause
               ,
               
               this
               the
               Effect
               .
               It
               is
               true
               ,
               the
               obscurity
               of
               my
               Condition
               ,
               and
               remoteness
               of
               my
               Scituation
               ,
               have
               plac'd
               me
               out
               of
               the
               reach
               of
               your
               Lordships
               Knowledge
               ;
               yet
               your
               Lordships
               Fame
               Ecchoing
               out
               of
               Oxford-shire
               through
               all
               the
               very
               Corners
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               could
               hardly
               escape
               my
               Ears
               ,
               were
               I
               not
               particularly
               entitled
               to
               the
               same
               County
               ,
               which
               hath
               given
               me
               thereby
               the
               greater
               opportunity
               both
               to
               know
               ,
               and
               admire
               the
               Greatness
               of
               your
               Generosity
               ,
               the
               Magnificence
               of
               your
               Living
               ,
               and
               Prudence
               of
               your
               
               Governing
               ,
               accompanied
               with
               all
               other
               Qualifications
               and
               Endowments
               requisite
               to
               render
               any
               person
               both
               Great
               and
               Good
               :
               As
               also
               ,
               that
               though
               your
               Lordship
               is
               a
               great
               improver
               of
               your
               own
               natural
               parts
               by
               your
               elaborate
               studies
               ,
               and
               of
               others
               Knowledge
               by
               your
               Edifying
               Conversation
               ;
               yet
               to
               obviate
               Idleness
               ,
               and
               to
               antidote
               Sickness
               ,
               as
               also
               the
               better
               to
               enapt
               your
               active
               Body
               to
               suit
               your
               Loyal
               Mind
               for
               Martial
               Employments
               ,
               should
               the
               concerns
               of
               your
               King
               and
               Country
               call
               you
               forth
               into
               the
               Field
               ,
               
               your
               Lordship
               is
               a
               most
               indefatigable
               user
               of
               all
               active
               Sports
               and
               Recreations
               ,
               and
               consequently
               become
               the
               great
               Oracle
               and
               Master
               of
               them
               all
               ,
               and
               all
               their
               Artful
               Terms
               .
               Under
               what
               other
               Wing
               then
               could
               this
               little
               Treatise
               on
               those
               Subjects
               so
               properly
               creep
               for
               shelter
               and
               Protection
               ?
               Under
               no
               other
               certainly
               ,
               without
               some
               kind
               of
               Injustice
               to
               your
               Lordship
               ,
               and
               real
               Injury
               to
               the
               Work
               it self
               .
               Be
               pleased
               therefore
               a
               little
               to
               unbend
               your
               Thoughts
               (
               I
               humbly
               beseech
               your
               Lordship
               )
               from
               your
               more
               serious
               Studies
               ,
               
               allowing
               your
               Eyes
               to
               run
               over
               these
               few
               Leaves
               ,
               and
               either
               vouchsafe
               to
               correct
               their
               Errours
               ,
               (
               if
               any
               have
               escaped
               those
               Judicious
               Sports-men
               who
               have
               been
               pleased
               to
               be
               my
               Guides
               in
               perusing
               this
               Work
               ,
               and
               purging
               it
               from
               many
               Errors
               and
               Mistakes
               of
               the
               former
               Edition
               )
               or
               stamp
               them
               with
               the
               unquestionable
               authority
               of
               your
               Lordships
               Approbation
               .
               This
               will
               oblige
               all
               true
               Lovers
               of
               the
               same
               generous
               Recreations
               to
               become
               greedy
               purchasers
               of
               these
               Rules
               ,
               both
               to
               improve
               their
               Knowledge
               ,
               and
               reduce
               their
               Language
               
               to
               the
               same
               significant
               terms
               ,
               to
               the
               great
               satisfaction
               of
               the
               Buyers
               ,
               and
               the
               benefit
               of
               Proprietor
               and
               Seller
               ,
               who
               humbly
               craves
               leave
               to
               lay
               himself
               at
               your
               Lordships
               Feet
               ,
               in
               the
               quality
               of
            
             
               
                 (
                 May
                 it
                 please
                 your
                 Lordship
                 )
              
               
                 Your
                 Lordship
                 's
                 Most
                 devoted
                 humble
                 Servant
                 ,
                 Nicholas
                 Cox.
                 
              
            
          
        
         
           
             
               
               
                 THE
                 GENTLEMAN'S
                 Recreation
                 :
                 OR
                 ,
                 A
                 TREATISE
                 Giving
                 the
                 best
                 Directions
                 for
                 HUNTING
                 ,
                 AND
                 KILLING
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 CHASES
                 used
                 in
                 ENGLAND
                 .
                 With
                 the
                 Terms
                 of
                 Art
                 belonging
                 thereunto
                 .
                 ALSO
                 ,
                 A
                 short
                 Account
                 of
                 some
                 peculiar
                 Beasts
                 not
                 usually
                 Hunted
                 in
                 ENGLAND
                 .
                 First
                 Collected
                 from
                 Antient
                 and
                 Modern
                 Authors
                 ;
                 and
                 now
                 very
                 much
                 Corrected
                 and
                 Enlarged
                 by
                 many
                 Worthy
                 and
                 Experienced
                 Artists
                 of
                 this
                 Recreation
                 .
                 With
                 an
                 Abstract
                 of
                 such
                 Statute-Laws
                 as
                 relate
                 to
                 FORESTS
                 and
                 HUNTING
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 First
                 Part.
                 
              
               
                 London
                 :
                 Printed
                 by
                 
                   J.
                   C.
                
                 and
                 
                   F.
                   C.
                
                 for
                 
                   N.
                   C.
                
                 
              
            
             
               
               
               
                 OF
                 HUNTING
                 .
                 The
                 Introduction
                 .
              
               
                 HUNTING
                 is
                 a
                 Game
                 and
                 Recreation
                 commendable
                 not
                 onely
                 for
                 Kings
                 ,
                 Princes
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Nobility
                 ,
                 but
                 likewise
                 for
                 private
                 Gentlemen
                 :
                 And
                 as
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 Noble
                 and
                 Healthy
                 Pastime
                 ,
                 so
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 thing
                 which
                 hath
                 been
                 highly
                 prized
                 in
                 all
                 Ages
                 .
              
               
                 Besides
                 ,
                 Hunting
                 trains
                 up
                 Youth
                 to
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 manly
                 Exercises
                 in
                 their
                 riper
                 Age
                 ,
                 being
                 encouraged
                 thereto
                 by
                 the
                 pleasure
                 they
                 take
                 in
                 hunting
                 the
                 
                   Stately
                   Stag
                
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Generous
                   Buck
                
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Wilde
                   Boar
                
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Cunning
                   Otter
                
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Crafty
                   Fox
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 
                   Fearful
                   Hare
                
                 ;
                 also
                 the
                 catching
                 of
                 Vermin
                 by
                 Engines
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Fitchet
                 ,
                 the
                 Fulimart
                 ,
                 the
                 Ferret
                 ,
                 the
                 Polecate
                 ,
                 the
                 Moldwarp
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 like
                 .
                 Exercise
                 herein
                 preserveth
                 Health
                 ,
                 and
                 increaseth
                 Strength
                 and
                 Activity
                 .
                 Others
                 inflame
                 the
                 hot
                 Spirits
                 of
                 young
                 men
                 with
                 roving
                 Ambition
                 ,
                 love
                 of
                 War
                 ,
                 and
                 seeds
                 of
                 Anger
                 :
                 But
                 the
                 Exercise
                 of
                 Hunting
                 neither
                 remits
                 the
                 Minde
                 to
                 Sloth
                 nor
                 Softness
                 ,
                 
                 nor
                 (
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 used
                 with
                 moderation
                 )
                 hardens
                 it
                 to
                 inhumanity
                 ;
                 but
                 rather
                 inclines
                 men
                 to
                 good
                 Acquaintance
                 ,
                 and
                 generous
                 Society
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 no
                 small
                 advantage
                 to
                 be
                 enured
                 to
                 bear
                 Hunger
                 ,
                 Thirst
                 ,
                 and
                 Weariness
                 from
                 ones
                 Childhood
                 ;
                 to
                 take
                 up
                 a
                 timely
                 habit
                 of
                 quitting
                 ones
                 Bed
                 early
                 ,
                 and
                 loving
                 to
                 sit
                 well
                 and
                 safe
                 upon
                 an
                 Horse
                 .
                 What
                 innocent
                 and
                 natural
                 delights
                 are
                 they
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 seeth
                 the
                 day
                 breaking
                 fortl
                 .
                 those
                 Blushes
                 and
                 Roses
                 which
                 Poets
                 and
                 Writers
                 of
                 Romances
                 onely
                 paint
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Huntsman
                 truely
                 courts
                 ?
                 When
                 he
                 heareth
                 the
                 chirping
                 of
                 small
                 Birds
                 pearching
                 upon
                 their
                 dewy
                 Boughs
                 ?
                 when
                 he
                 draws
                 in
                 the
                 fragrancy
                 and
                 coolness
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 ?
                 How
                 jolly
                 is
                 his
                 Spirit
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 suffers
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 imported
                 with
                 the
                 noise
                 of
                 Bugle-Horns
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 baying
                 of
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 which
                 leap
                 up
                 and
                 play
                 round
                 about
                 him
                 .
              
               
                 Nothing
                 doth
                 more
                 recreate
                 the
                 Minde
                 ,
                 strengthen
                 the
                 Limbs
                 ,
                 whet
                 the
                 Stomach
                 ,
                 and
                 clear
                 up
                 the
                 Spirit
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 is
                 heavy
                 ,
                 dull
                 ,
                 and
                 over-cast
                 with
                 gloomy
                 Cares
                 :
                 from
                 whence
                 it
                 comes
                 ,
                 that
                 these
                 delights
                 have
                 mcrited
                 to
                 be
                 in
                 esteem
                 in
                 all
                 Ages
                 ,
                 and
                 even
                 amongst
                 barbaroas
                 Nations
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Lords
                 ,
                 Princes
                 ,
                 and
                 highest
                 Potentates
                 .
              
               
                 Then
                 it
                 is
                 admirable
                 to
                 observe
                 the
                 natural
                 instinct
                 of
                 Enmity
                 and
                 Cunning
                 ,
                 whereby
                 one
                 Beast
                 being
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 confederate
                 with
                 man
                 ,
                 by
                 whom
                 he
                 is
                 maintained
                 ,
                 serves
                 him
                 in
                 ,
                 his
                 designes
                 upon
                 others
                 .
                 How
                 perfect
                 is
                 the
                 Scent
                 or
                 Smell
                 of
                 an
                 Hound
                 ,
                 who
                 never
                 leaves
                 it
                 ,
                 but
                 follows
                 it
                 through
                 innumerable
                 changes
                 and
                 varieties
                 of
                 other
                 Scents
                 ,
                 even
                 over
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 Water
                 ,
                 and
                 into
                 the
                 Earth
                 ?
                 Again
                 ,
                 how
                 soon
                 will
                 a
                 Hound
                 fix
                 his
                 Eye
                 on
                 the
                 best
                 and
                 fattest
                 Buck
                 of
                 the
                 Herd
                 ,
                 single
                 him
                 out
                 ,
                 and
                 follow
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 him
                 onely
                 ,
                 without
                 changing
                 ,
                 through
                 a
                 whole
                 Herd
                 of
                 rascal
                 Game
                 ,
                 and
                 leave
                 him
                 not
                 till
                 he
                 kills
                 him
                 ?
                 Moreover
                 ,
                 
                 is
                 it
                 not
                 delightful
                 and
                 pleasant
                 to
                 observe
                 the
                 Docibleness
                 of
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 as
                 admirable
                 as
                 their
                 Understanding
                 ?
                 For
                 as
                 a
                 right
                 Huntsman
                 knows
                 the
                 Language
                 of
                 his
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 so
                 they
                 know
                 his
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 meaning
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 kinde
                 ,
                 as
                 perfectly
                 as
                 we
                 can
                 distinguish
                 the
                 voices
                 of
                 our
                 friends
                 and
                 acquaintance
                 from
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 strangers
                 .
              
               
                 Again
                 ,
                 how
                 satisfied
                 is
                 a
                 curious
                 Minde
                 ,
                 nay
                 exceedingly
                 delighted
                 ,
                 to
                 see
                 the
                 Game
                 fly
                 before
                 him
                 !
                 and
                 after
                 that
                 it
                 hath
                 withdrawn
                 itself
                 from
                 his
                 sight
                 ,
                 to
                 see
                 the
                 whole
                 Line
                 where
                 it
                 hath
                 passed
                 over
                 ,
                 with
                 all
                 the
                 doublings
                 and
                 cross
                 works
                 which
                 the
                 amazed
                 and
                 afrighted
                 Beast
                 hath
                 made
                 ,
                 recovered
                 again
                 ;
                 and
                 all
                 that
                 Maze
                 wrought
                 out
                 by
                 the
                 intelligence
                 which
                 he
                 holds
                 with
                 Dogs
                 !
                 this
                 is
                 most
                 pleasant
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 a
                 Master-piece
                 of
                 natural
                 Magick
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 ,
                 what
                 Triumph
                 there
                 is
                 to
                 return
                 with
                 Victory
                 and
                 Spoils
                 ,
                 having
                 a
                 good
                 Title
                 both
                 to
                 his
                 Appetite
                 and
                 Repose
                 !
                 Neither
                 must
                 it
                 be
                 omitted
                 ,
                 that
                 herein
                 there
                 is
                 an
                 especial
                 need
                 to
                 hold
                 a
                 strict
                 Rein
                 over
                 our
                 affections
                 ,
                 that
                 this
                 Pleasure
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 allowable
                 in
                 its
                 season
                 ,
                 may
                 not
                 intrench
                 upon
                 other
                 Domestical
                 affairs
                 .
                 There
                 is
                 great
                 danger
                 lest
                 we
                 be
                 transported
                 with
                 this
                 Pastime
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 our
                 felves
                 grow
                 Wild
                 ,
                 haunting
                 the
                 Woods
                 till
                 we
                 resemble
                 the
                 Beasts
                 which
                 are
                 Citizens
                 of
                 them
                 ;
                 and
                 by
                 continual
                 conversation
                 with
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 become
                 altogether
                 addicted
                 to
                 Slaughter
                 and
                 Carnage
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 wholly
                 dishonourable
                 ,
                 being
                 a
                 servile
                 employment
                 .
                 For
                 as
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 priviledge
                 of
                 Man
                 ,
                 who
                 is
                 endued
                 with
                 Reason
                 ,
                 and
                 Authorized
                 in
                 the
                 Law
                 of
                 his
                 Creation
                 ,
                 to
                 subdue
                 the
                 Beasts
                 of
                 the
                 Field
                 ;
                 so
                 to
                 tyrannize
                 over
                 them
                 too
                 much
                 ,
                 is
                 brutish
                 in
                 plain
                 English.
                 
              
               
                 Mistake
                 me
                 not
                 ,
                 I
                 intend
                 this
                 Reflection
                 not
                 for
                 the
                 Nobility
                 and
                 Gentry
                 of
                 this
                 Nation
                 ,
                 whose
                 expence
                 of
                 time
                 in
                 this
                 noble
                 and
                 delightful
                 Exercise
                 can
                 no
                 
                 ways
                 prejudice
                 their
                 large
                 Possessions
                 ,
                 since
                 it
                 is
                 so
                 far
                 from
                 being
                 very
                 chargeable
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 exceeding
                 profitable
                 to
                 the
                 bodily
                 health
                 of
                 such
                 who
                 can
                 dispence
                 with
                 their
                 staying
                 at
                 home
                 without
                 any
                 injury
                 to
                 their
                 Families
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 might
                 much
                 enlarge
                 my self
                 in
                 the
                 commendation
                 of
                 Hunting
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 I
                 am
                 loath
                 to
                 detain
                 you
                 too
                 long
                 from
                 the
                 knowledge
                 of
                 what
                 will
                 make
                 a
                 right
                 and
                 perfect
                 Huntsman
                 .
                 I
                 shall
                 therefore
                 thus
                 conclude
                 :
                 No
                 Musick
                 can
                 be
                 more
                 ravishingly
                 delightful
                 than
                 a
                 Pack
                 of
                 Hounds
                 in
                 full
                 Cry
                 ,
                 to
                 such
                 a
                 man
                 whose
                 Heart
                 and
                 Ears
                 are
                 so
                 happy
                 to
                 be
                 set
                 to
                 the
                 tune
                 of
                 such
                 charming
                 Instruments
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 HUNTERS
                 TERMS
                 .
              
               
                 BEfore
                 we
                 shall
                 treat
                 of
                 the
                 Method
                 that
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 used
                 in
                 the
                 obtaining
                 pleasure
                 in
                 the
                 prosecution
                 of
                 this
                 Royal
                 Game
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 very
                 requisite
                 ,
                 as
                 an
                 Introduction
                 to
                 this
                 Work
                 ,
                 first
                 to
                 understand
                 those
                 
                   Terms
                   of
                   Art
                
                 Huntsmen
                 ,
                 Foresters
                 ,
                 and
                 Wood-men
                 use
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 are
                 discoursing
                 of
                 their
                 commendable
                 and
                 highly
                 recreative
                 Profession
                 .
                 And
                 first
                 ,
                 let
                 us
                 consider
              
               
                 
                   Which
                   are
                   Beasts
                   of
                   Forest
                   ,
                   or
                   Venery
                   ,
                   or
                   Venary
                   ,
                   Chase
                   ,
                   and
                   Warren
                   .
                
                 
                   Old
                   Foresters
                   and
                   Wood-men
                   ,
                   with
                   others
                   well
                   acquainted
                   with
                   Hunting
                   ,
                   do
                   reckon
                   that
                   there
                   are
                   five
                   Beasts
                   of
                   Venery
                   ,
                   (
                   that
                   are
                   also
                   called
                   Beasts
                   of
                   Forest
                   )
                   which
                   are
                   these
                   :
                   the
                   Hart
                   ,
                   the
                   Hinde
                   ,
                   the
                   Hare
                   ,
                   the
                   Boar
                   ,
                   and
                   Wolf
                   :
                   this
                   is
                   the
                   Opinion
                   of
                   Budaeus
                   
                   likewise
                   ,
                   in
                   his
                   Treatise
                   of
                   Philologie
                   ,
                   speaking
                   of
                   the
                   former
                   Beasts
                   ,
                   
                     Semper
                     Forestae
                     &
                     Veneris
                     habentur
                     Bestiae
                     :
                  
                   These
                   (
                   saith
                   he
                   )
                   are
                   always
                   accounted
                   Beasts
                   of
                   Venery
                   and
                   Forest.
                   
                
                 
                   Some
                   may
                   here
                   object
                   and
                   say
                   ,
                   Why
                   should
                   the
                   Heart
                   and
                   Hinde
                   ,
                   being
                   both
                   of
                   one
                   kinde
                   ,
                   be
                   accounted
                   two
                   several
                   Beasts
                   ?
                   To
                   this
                   I
                   answer
                   ,
                   That
                   though
                   they
                   are
                   Beasts
                   of
                   one
                   kind
                   ,
                   yet
                   they
                   are
                   of
                   several
                   seasons
                   :
                   for
                   the
                   Hart
                   hath
                   his
                   season
                   in
                   Summer
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   season
                   of
                   the
                   Hinde
                   begins
                   when
                   the
                   Hart
                   's
                   is
                   over
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   with
                   the
                   Heart
                   is
                   included
                   the
                   Stag
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   other
                   
                     Red
                     Deer
                  
                   of
                   Antlier
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   also
                   five
                   wild
                   Beasts
                   that
                   are
                   called
                   Beasts
                   of
                   Chase
                   ;
                   the
                   Buck
                   the
                   Doe
                   ,
                   the
                   Fox
                   ,
                   the
                   Martron
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Roe
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Beasts
                   and
                   Fowls
                   of
                   Warren
                   ,
                   are
                   the
                   Hare
                   ,
                   the
                   Coney
                   ,
                   the
                   Pheasant
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Partridge
                   ;
                   and
                   none
                   other
                   ,
                   saith
                   Mr.
                   Manwood
                   ,
                   are
                   accounted
                   Beasts
                   nor
                   Fowls
                   of
                   Warren
                   .
                
                 
                   My
                   Lord
                   Cook
                   is
                   of
                   another
                   Opinion
                   ,
                   in
                   his
                   
                     Commentary
                     on
                     Littleton
                     233.
                     
                     There
                     be
                     both
                     Beasts
                     and
                     Fowls
                     of
                     the
                     Warren
                     ,
                  
                   saith
                   he
                   :
                   
                     Beasts
                     ,
                     as
                  
                   Hares
                   ,
                   Coneys
                   ,
                   and
                   Roes
                   :
                   
                     Fowls
                     of
                     two
                     sorts
                  
                   ,
                   Terrestres
                   ,
                   (
                   
                     and
                     they
                     of
                     two
                     sorts
                  
                   )
                   Silvestres
                   ,
                   &
                   Campestres
                   .
                   
                     The
                     first
                  
                   ,
                   Pheasant
                   ,
                   Wood-cock
                   ,
                   
                     &c.
                     The
                     second
                  
                   ,
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   Quail
                   ,
                   Rail
                   ,
                   
                     &c.
                     Then
                  
                   Aquatiles
                   ,
                   as
                   Mallard
                   ,
                   Hern
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   There
                   is
                   great
                   difference
                   between
                   Beasts
                   of
                   Forest
                   ,
                   and
                   Chase
                   ;
                   the
                   first
                   are
                   
                     Silvestres
                     tantum
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   latter
                   
                     Campestres
                     tantum
                  
                   .
                   The
                   beasts
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   make
                   their
                   abode
                   all
                   the
                   day-time
                   in
                   the
                   great
                   Coverts
                   and
                   secret
                   places
                   in
                   the
                   Woods
                   ;
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   night-season
                   they
                   repair
                   into
                   the
                   Lawns
                   ,
                   Meadows
                   ,
                   Pastures
                   ,
                   and
                   pleasant
                   feeding
                   places
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   they
                   are
                   called
                   Silvestres
                   ,
                   Beasts
                   of
                   the
                   Wood.
                   The
                   Beasts
                   of
                   Chase
                   do
                   reside
                   all
                   the
                   day-time
                   in
                   the
                   Fields
                   ,
                   and
                   
                   upon
                   the
                   Hills
                   or
                   high
                   Mountains
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   may
                   see
                   round
                   about
                   them
                   afar
                   off
                   ,
                   to
                   prevent
                   danger
                   ;
                   but
                   upon
                   nights
                   approach
                   they
                   feed
                   as
                   the
                   rest
                   in
                   Meadows
                   ,
                   &c.
                   and
                   therefore
                   these
                   are
                   called
                   Campestres
                   ,
                   Beasts
                   of
                   the
                   Field
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   us
                   in
                   the
                   next
                   place
                   discover
                   their
                   Names
                   ,
                   Seasons
                   ,
                   Degrees
                   ,
                   and
                   Ages
                   of
                   Forest
                   or
                   Venery
                   ,
                   Chase
                   and
                   Warren
                   :
                   and
                   because
                   the
                   Hart
                   is
                   the
                   most
                   noble
                   ,
                   worthy
                   ,
                   and
                   stately
                   Beast
                   ,
                   I
                   shall
                   place
                   him
                   first
                   ;
                   and
                   must
                   call
                   a
                   Hart
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Hinde-calf
                   ,
                   or
                   Calf
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Knobber
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   third
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Brocke
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fourth
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Staggard
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fifth
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Stag.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   sixth
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Hart.
                   
                
                 
                   If
                   hunted
                   by
                   the
                   King
                   ,
                   a
                   
                     Hart
                     Royal.
                  
                   If
                   he
                   escape
                   ,
                   and
                   Proclamation
                   be
                   made
                   for
                   his
                   safe
                   return
                   without
                   let
                   or
                   detriment
                   ,
                   he
                   is
                   then
                   called
                   a
                   
                     Hart
                     Royal
                     Proclaimed
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   a
                   vulgar
                   errour
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   Opinion
                   of
                   Mr.
                   Guillim
                   ,
                   to
                   think
                   that
                   a
                   Stag
                   ,
                   of
                   what
                   age
                   soever
                   he
                   be
                   ,
                   shall
                   not
                   be
                   called
                   a
                   Hart
                   till
                   he
                   be
                   hunted
                   by
                   the
                   King
                   or
                   Queen
                   ,
                   and
                   thence
                   he
                   shall
                   derive
                   his
                   Title
                   .
                   Mr.
                   
                     George
                     Turbervile
                  
                   saith
                   positively
                   ,
                   he
                   shall
                   not
                   obtain
                   that
                   Name
                   till
                   he
                   be
                   hunted
                   or
                   killed
                   by
                   a
                   Prince
                   .
                   But
                   late
                   Huntsmen
                   do
                   agree
                   ,
                   he
                   may
                   be
                   called
                   a
                   Hart
                   at
                   and
                   after
                   the
                   age
                   of
                   six
                   years
                   old
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   if
                   the
                   King
                   or
                   Queen
                   shall
                   happen
                   to
                   hunt
                   or
                   chase
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   escape
                   with
                   life
                   ,
                   he
                   shall
                   ever
                   after
                   be
                   called
                   a
                   
                     Hart
                     Royal
                  
                   :
                   But
                   if
                   he
                   fly
                   so
                   far
                   from
                   the
                   Forest
                   or
                   Chase
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   is
                   unlikely
                   he
                   will
                   ever
                   return
                   of
                   his
                   own
                   accord
                   to
                   the
                   place
                   aforesaid
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   that
                   Proclamation
                   be
                   made
                   in
                   all
                   Towns
                   and
                   Villages
                   thereabouts
                   ,
                   that
                   none
                   shall
                   kill
                   or
                   offend
                   him
                   ,
                   but
                   that
                   he
                   may
                   safely
                   return
                   if
                   he
                   list
                   ;
                   he
                   is
                   then
                   called
                   a
                   
                     Hart
                     Royal
                     Proclaimed
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   Beast
                   of
                   Venery
                   is
                   called
                   a
                   Hinde
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   she
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   first
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Calf
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Hearse
                   ;
                   and
                   sometimes
                   we
                   say
                   
                     Brockets
                     Sister
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   third
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Hinde
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   next
                   and
                   third
                   ,
                   which
                   by
                   old
                   Foresters
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   all
                   Beasts
                   of
                   Venery
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Hare
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   first
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Leveret
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Hare
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   third
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   
                     Great
                     Hare
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fourth
                   Beast
                   of
                   Venery
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   Wilde-Boar
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   year
                   ,
                   he
                   is
                   a
                   
                     Pig
                     of
                     the
                     Sounder
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   year
                   ,
                   he
                   is
                   a
                   Hog
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   third
                   year
                   ,
                   he
                   is
                   a
                   
                     Hogs
                     Steer
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fourth
                   year
                   ,
                   he
                   is
                   a
                   Boar
                   ;
                   at
                   which
                   age
                   ,
                   if
                   not
                   before
                   ,
                   he
                   leaveth
                   the
                   Sounder
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   he
                   is
                   called
                   a
                   Singler
                   or
                   Sanglier
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fifth
                   and
                   last
                   Beast
                   of
                   Venery
                   is
                   the
                   Wolf.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   The
                   names
                   of
                   the
                   Beasts
                   of
                   Chase
                   according
                   to
                   their
                   Ages
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   is
                   the
                   Buck.
                   
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   first
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Fawn
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Pricket
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   third
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Sorel
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fourth
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Sore
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fifth
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   
                     Buck
                     of
                     the
                     first
                     Head.
                  
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   sixth
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   
                     Great
                     Buck.
                  
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   Beast
                   of
                   Chase
                   is
                   the
                   
                     Doe
                     or
                     Doo
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   first
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Fawn
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Tegg
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   third
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Doe
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   third
                   Beast
                   of
                   Chase
                   is
                   the
                   Fox
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   first
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Cub
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   secound
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Fox
                   ,
                   and
                   afterwards
                   an
                   old
                   Fox
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fourth
                   Beast
                   of
                   Chase
                   is
                   the
                   Martern
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   year
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   called
                   a
                   Cub
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Martern
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   The
                   fifth
                   and
                   last
                   Beast
                   of
                   Chase
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   Roe
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   year
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   called
                   a
                   Kid.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Gyrle
                
                 
                   The
                   third
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Hemuse
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fourth
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   Roe-Buck
                   of
                   the
                   
                     first
                     Head.
                  
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   fifth
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   
                     Fair
                     Roe-Buck
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   As
                   for
                   the
                   Beasts
                   of
                   the
                   Warren
                   ,
                   the
                   Hare
                   hath
                   been
                   spoken
                   of
                   already
                   .
                   The
                   Coney
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   first
                   year
                   a
                   Rabbet
                   ,
                   and
                   afterwards
                   an
                   old
                   Coney
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   Seasons
                   of
                   Beasts
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Hart
                   or
                   Buck
                   beginneth
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   Fencer
                   Month
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   15
                   days
                   after
                   Midsummer-day
                   ,
                   and
                   lasteth
                   till
                   Holy-rood-day
                   .
                   The
                   Fox
                   at
                   Christmas
                   ,
                   and
                   lasteth
                   till
                   the
                   Annuntiation
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Blessed
                     Virgin.
                  
                   The
                   Hinde
                   or
                   Doe
                   beginneth
                   at
                   Holy-rood-day
                   ,
                   and
                   lasteth
                   till
                   Candlemas
                   .
                   The
                   Roe-Buck
                   beginneth
                   at
                   Easter
                   ,
                   and
                   lasteth
                   till
                   Michaelmas
                   .
                   The
                   Roe
                   beginneth
                   at
                   Michaelmas
                   ,
                   and
                   lasteth
                   till
                   Candlemas
                   .
                   The
                   Hare
                   beginneth
                   at
                   Michaelmas
                   ,
                   and
                   lasteth
                   till
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   February
                   .
                   The
                   season
                   of
                   the
                   Wolf
                   is
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   from
                   Christmas
                   till
                   the
                   Annuntiation
                   of
                   the
                   Virgin
                   Mary
                   .
                   Lastly
                   ,
                   The
                   Boar
                   begins
                   at
                   Christmas
                   ,
                   and
                   continues
                   to
                   the
                   Purification
                   of
                   our
                   Lady
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Terms
                   to
                   be
                   used
                   for
                   Beasts
                   of
                   Venery
                   and
                   Chase
                   ,
                   as
                   they
                   are
                   in
                   Company
                   one
                   with
                   the
                   other
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Herd
                   of
                   Harts
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Herd
                   of
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   Deer
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   A
                   Bevy
                   of
                   Roes
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Sounder
                   of
                   Swine
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Rout
                   of
                   Wolves
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Richess
                   of
                   Marterns
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Brace
                   or
                   Lease
                   of
                   Bucks
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Brace
                   or
                   Lease
                   of
                   Foxes
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Brace
                   or
                   Lease
                   of
                   Hares
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Couple
                   of
                   Rabbets
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Couple
                   of
                   Coneys
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Terms
                   for
                   their
                   Lodging
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Hart
                   Harboureth
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Buck
                   Lodgeth
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Roe
                   Beddeth
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Hare
                   Seateth
                   ,
                   or
                   Formeth
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Coney
                   Sitteth
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Fox
                   Kennelleth
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Martern
                   Treeth
                   .
                
                 
                   An
                   Otter
                   Watcheth
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Badger
                   Eartheth
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Boar
                   Coucheth
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Terms
                   for
                   their
                   Dislodging
                   .
                
                 
                   Unharbour
                   the
                   Hart.
                   
                
                 
                   Rouze
                   the
                   Buck.
                   
                
                 
                   Start
                   the
                   Hare
                   .
                
                 
                   Bolt
                   the
                   Coney
                   .
                
                 
                   Unkennel
                   the
                   Fox
                   .
                
                 
                   Tree
                   the
                   Martern
                   .
                
                 
                   Vent
                   the
                   Otter
                   .
                
                 
                   Dig
                   the
                   Badger
                   .
                
                 
                   Rear
                   the
                   Boar.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   Terms
                   for
                   their
                   Noise
                   at
                   Rutting
                   time
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Hart
                   Belleth
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Buck
                   Growneth
                   or
                   Troateth
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Roe
                   Belloweth
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Hare
                   Beateth
                   or
                   Tappeth
                   .
                
                 
                   An
                   Otter
                   Whineth
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Boar
                   Freameth
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Fox
                   Barketh
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Badger
                   Shricketh
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Wolf
                   Howleth
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Goat
                   Ratleth
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Terms
                   for
                   Copulation
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Hart
                   or
                   Buck
                   goeth
                   to
                   Rut.
                   
                
                 
                   A
                   Roe
                   goeth
                   to
                   Tourn
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Boar
                   goeth
                   to
                   Brim
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Hare
                   and
                   Coney
                   goeth
                   to
                   Buck.
                   
                
                 
                   A
                   Fox
                   goeth
                   to
                   Clickitting
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Wolf
                   goeth
                   to
                   Match
                   or
                   to
                   Make.
                   
                
                 
                   An
                   Otter
                   hunteth
                   for
                   his
                   Kinde
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Terms
                   for
                   the
                   Footing
                   and
                   Treading
                   of
                   all
                   Beasts
                   of
                   Venery
                   and
                   Chase.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   Hart
                   ,
                   the
                   Slot
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   Buck
                   and
                   all
                   
                     Fallow
                     Deer
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   View
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   all
                   Deer
                   ,
                   if
                   on
                   the
                   Grass
                   ,
                   and
                   scarce
                   visible
                   ,
                   then
                   it
                   is
                   called
                   Foiling
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   Fox
                   ,
                   the
                   Print
                   ;
                   and
                   other
                   such
                   Vermin
                   ,
                   the
                   Footing
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   an
                   Otter
                   ,
                   the
                   Marks
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   Boar
                   ,
                   the
                   Tract
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   Hare
                   ,
                   diversly
                   ;
                   for
                   when
                   she
                   is
                   in
                   open
                   Field
                   ,
                   
                   she
                   Soreth
                   :
                   When
                   she
                   winds
                   about
                   to
                   deceive
                   the
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   then
                   she
                   Doubleth
                   :
                   When
                   she
                   beateth
                   on
                   the
                   hard
                   High-way
                   ,
                   and
                   her
                   Footing
                   can
                   be
                   perceived
                   ,
                   then
                   she
                   Pricketh
                   ;
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   Snow
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   Trace
                   of
                   the
                   Hare
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Terms
                   of
                   the
                   Tail.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   
                     Hart
                     ,
                     Buck
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   other
                   Deer
                   ,
                   the
                   Single
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   Boar
                   ,
                   the
                   Wreath
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   Fox
                   ,
                   the
                   Brush
                   or
                   Drag
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   Tip
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   Chape
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   Wolf
                   ,
                   the
                   Stern
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   Hare
                   and
                   Coney
                   ,
                   the
                   Scut
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Terms
                   for
                   their
                   Ordure
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   Hart
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   Deer
                   ,
                   their
                   Excrement
                   is
                   called
                   Fewmets
                   or
                   Fewishing
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   Hare
                   ,
                   Crotiles
                   or
                   Crotising
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   Boar
                   ,
                   Lesses
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   Fox
                   ,
                   the
                   Billiting
                   ;
                   and
                   all
                   other
                   such
                   Vermin
                   ,
                   the
                   Fuants
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   an
                   Otter
                   ,
                   the
                   Spraints
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Terms
                   for
                   the
                   Attire
                   of
                   Deer
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   Stag
                   ,
                   if
                   perfect
                   ,
                   the
                   Bur
                   ,
                   the
                   Pearls
                   (
                   the
                   little
                   Knobs
                   on
                   it
                   )
                   the
                   Beam
                   ,
                   the
                   Gutters
                   ,
                   the
                   Antlier
                   ,
                   the
                   Sur-Antlier
                   ,
                   Royal
                   ,
                   Sur-Royal
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   at
                   top
                   the
                   Croches
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   a
                   Buck
                   ,
                   the
                   Bur
                   ,
                   the
                   Beam
                   ,
                   the
                   Brow-Antlier
                   ,
                   the
                   Back-Antlier
                   ,
                   the
                   Advancer
                   ,
                   Palm
                   ,
                   and
                   Spellers
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   the
                   Croches
                   grow
                   in
                   form
                   of
                   a
                   mans
                   Hand
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   then
                   called
                   a
                   Palmed
                   Head.
                   Heads
                   bearing
                   not
                   above
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   ,
                   the
                   Crotches
                   being
                   plac'd
                   aloft
                   all
                   
                   of
                   one
                   height
                   ,
                   are
                   called
                   Crown'd
                   Heads
                   .
                   Heads
                   having
                   doubling
                   Croches
                   ,
                   are
                   called
                   Forked
                   Heads
                   ,
                   becase
                   the
                   Croches
                   are
                   planted
                   on
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   the
                   Beam
                   like
                   Forks
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   are
                   asked
                   what
                   a
                   Stag
                   bears
                   ,
                   you
                   are
                   onely
                   to
                   reckon
                   Croches
                   he
                   bears
                   ,
                   and
                   never
                   to
                   express
                   an
                   odde
                   number
                   :
                   As
                   ,
                   if
                   he
                   hath
                   four
                   Croches
                   on
                   his
                   near
                   Horn
                   ,
                   and
                   five
                   on
                   his
                   far
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   say
                   ,
                   he
                   beareth
                   ten
                   ,
                   a
                   false
                   Right
                   on
                   his
                   near
                   Horn
                   (
                   for
                   all
                   that
                   the
                   Beam
                   bears
                   are
                   called
                   Rights
                   .
                   )
                   If
                   but
                   four
                   on
                   the
                   near
                   Horn
                   ,
                   and
                   fix
                   on
                   the
                   far
                   Horn
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   say
                   he
                   bears
                   twelve
                   ,
                   a
                   double
                   false
                   Right
                   on
                   the
                   near
                   Horn
                   ;
                   for
                   you
                   must
                   not
                   onely
                   make
                   the
                   number
                   even
                   ,
                   but
                   also
                   the
                   Horns
                   even
                   with
                   that
                   distinction
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   a
                   Hart
                   breaketh
                   Herd
                   ,
                   and
                   draweth
                   to
                   the
                   Thickets
                   or
                   Coverts
                   ,
                   we
                   usually
                   say
                   he
                   taketh
                   his
                   Hold
                   ,
                   or
                   he
                   goeth
                   to
                   Harbour
                   .
                
                 
                   All
                   kind
                   of
                   Deers
                   fat
                   is
                   called
                   Sewit
                   ;
                   and
                   yet
                   you
                   may
                   say
                   ,
                   This
                   Deer
                   was
                   a
                   high
                   Deer
                   of
                   Grease
                   .
                   The
                   fat
                   of
                   a
                   Boar
                   is
                   called
                   Grease
                   .
                   The
                   fat
                   of
                   a
                   Roe
                   onely
                   is
                   called
                   Beavy
                   Grease
                   .
                
                 
                   We
                   say
                   the
                   Deer
                   is
                   broken
                   up
                   .
                   The
                   Fox
                   and
                   Hare
                   is
                   cased
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   
                     
                       A
                       Litter
                       of
                       Cubs
                       .
                    
                     
                       A
                       Nest
                       of
                       Rabbets
                       .
                    
                     
                       A
                       Squirrels
                       Dray
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   Venison
                   ,
                   or
                   Venaison
                   ,
                   is
                   so
                   called
                   ,
                   from
                   the
                   means
                   whereby
                   the
                   Beasts
                   are
                   taken
                   ,
                   
                     quoniam
                     ex
                     Venatione
                     capiuntur
                  
                   ;
                   and
                   being
                   hunted
                   ,
                   are
                   most
                   wholsome
                   .
                
                 
                   Beasts
                   of
                   Venary
                   (
                   not
                   Venery
                   ,
                   as
                   some
                   call
                   it
                   )
                   are
                   so
                   termed
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   are
                   gotten
                   by
                   Hunting
                   .
                
                 
                   No
                   Beast
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   that
                   is
                   
                     Solivagam
                     &
                     nocivum
                  
                   is
                   Venison
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Fox
                   ,
                   the
                   Wolf
                   ,
                   the
                   Martin
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   are
                   no
                   meat
                   .
                   The
                   Bear
                   is
                   no
                   Venison
                   ,
                   because
                   not
                   onely
                   that
                   he
                   is
                   
                     Animal
                     nocivum
                     &
                     Solivagam
                  
                   ;
                   
                   but
                   because
                   he
                   is
                   no
                   beast
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   ,
                   and
                   whatsoever
                   is
                   Venison
                   must
                   be
                   a
                   beast
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   ;
                   
                     sed
                     non
                     è
                     converso
                  
                   .
                   On
                   the
                   other
                   side
                   ,
                   
                     Animalia
                     gregalia
                     non
                     sunt
                     nociva
                  
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Wilde
                   Boar
                   ;
                   for
                   naturally
                   the
                   first
                   three
                   years
                   he
                   is
                   
                     Animal
                     gregale
                  
                   ;
                   and
                   after
                   trusting
                   to
                   his
                   own
                   strength
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   the
                   pleasure
                   of
                   man
                   ,
                   becometh
                   Solivagum
                   .
                   He
                   is
                   then
                   called
                   Sanglier
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   is
                   Singularis
                   :
                   but
                   he
                   is
                   Venison
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   be
                   eaten
                   .
                   The
                   Hare
                   is
                   Venison
                   too
                   ,
                   which
                   Martial
                   preferreth
                   before
                   all
                   others
                   .
                   
                     Inter
                     Quadrupedes
                     gloria
                     prima
                     Lepus
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   So
                   are
                   the
                   Red-Deer
                   and
                   Fallow-Deer
                   Venison
                   :
                   
                     vide
                     Cook
                  
                   Inst.
                   4.
                   pag.
                   316.
                   
                   Give
                   me
                   leave
                   to
                   insert
                   here
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   Author
                   two
                   Conclusions
                   in
                   the
                   Law
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   ,
                   which
                   follow
                   from
                   hence
                   .
                   First
                   ,
                   Whatsoever
                   Beast
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   is
                   for
                   the
                   food
                   of
                   man
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   Venison
                   :
                   and
                   therewith
                   agreeth
                   Virgil
                   ,
                   describing
                   of
                   a
                   Feast
                   ,
                   
                     Implentur
                     Veteris
                     Bacchi
                     pinguisque
                     ferinae
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   They
                   had
                   their
                   belly
                   full
                   of
                   Old
                   Wine
                   and
                   Fat
                   Venison
                   .
                   So
                   Venison
                   was
                   the
                   principal
                   Dish
                   of
                   the
                   Feast
                   .
                   Secondly
                   ,
                   Whatsoever
                   Beast
                   is
                   not
                   for
                   the
                   food
                   of
                   man
                   ,
                   is
                   not
                   Venison
                   .
                   Therefore
                   Capriolus
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   Roe
                   ,
                   being
                   no
                   Beast
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   ,
                   is
                   by
                   the
                   Law
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   no
                   Venison
                   unless
                   Hunted
                   .
                   Nature
                   hath
                   endewed
                   the
                   Beasts
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   with
                   two
                   qualities
                   ,
                   Swiftness
                   ,
                   and
                   Fear
                   ;
                   and
                   their
                   Fear
                   increaseth
                   their
                   Swiftness
                   .
                   
                     —
                     Pedibus
                     timor
                     addidit
                     alas
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   Vert
                   is
                   any
                   thing
                   that
                   beareth
                   green
                   Leaf
                   ,
                   but
                   especially
                   of
                   great
                   and
                   thick
                   Coverts
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   derived
                   
                     à
                     Viriditate
                  
                   .
                   
                   Vert
                   is
                   of
                   divers
                   kinds
                   ;
                   some
                   that
                   beareth
                   Fruit
                   that
                   may
                   serve
                   for
                   food
                   both
                   for
                   man
                   and
                   beasts
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Service-trees
                     ,
                     Nut-trees
                     ,
                     Crab-trees
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   and
                   for
                   the
                   shelter
                   and
                   defence
                   of
                   the
                   Game
                   .
                   Some
                   called
                   Hautboys
                   ,
                   serving
                   for
                   Food
                   and
                   browse
                   of
                   and
                   for
                   the
                   Game
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   the
                   defence
                   of
                   them
                   ;
                   as
                   
                     Oaks
                     ,
                     Beeches
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   Some
                   Hautboys
                   for
                   Browse
                   ,
                   Shelter
                   ,
                   and
                   Defence
                   onely
                   ;
                   as
                   
                     Ashes
                     ,
                     Poplars
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   Of
                   Sub-boys
                   ,
                   some
                   for
                   Browse
                   and
                   Food
                   of
                   the
                   Game
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   Shelter
                   and
                   Defence
                   ;
                   as
                   Maples
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   Some
                   for
                   Browse
                   and
                   Defence
                   ;
                   as
                   
                     Birch
                     ,
                     Sallow
                     ,
                     Willow
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   Some
                   for
                   Shelter
                   and
                   Defence
                   onely
                   ;
                   as
                   
                     Elder
                     ,
                     Alder
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   Of
                   Bushes
                   and
                   other
                   Vegetables
                   ,
                   some
                   for
                   Food
                   and
                   Shelter
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   
                     Hiw-thorn
                     ,
                     Black-thorn
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   Some
                   for
                   hiding
                   and
                   shelter
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Brakes
                     ,
                     Gorse
                     ,
                     Heath
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   Vert
                   ,
                   as
                   I
                   said
                   ,
                   comes
                   
                     à
                     Viridi
                  
                   ;
                   thence
                   Viridarii
                   ,
                   because
                   their
                   Office
                   is
                   to
                   look
                   after
                   the
                   preservation
                   of
                   the
                   Vert
                   ,
                   which
                   in
                   truth
                   is
                   the
                   preservation
                   of
                   Venison
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Terms
                   for
                   Flaying
                   ,
                   Stripping
                   ,
                   and
                   Casing
                   of
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   CHASES
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Hart
                   and
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   Deer
                   are
                   slain
                   :
                   Huntsmen
                   commonly
                   say
                   ,
                   Take
                   off
                   that
                   Deer's
                   Skin
                   .
                   The
                   Hare
                   is
                   Stripped
                   or
                   Cased
                   ;
                   and
                   so
                   is
                   the
                   Boar
                   too
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   opinion
                   of
                   the
                   Antients
                   .
                   The
                   Fox
                   ,
                   the
                   Badger
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   Vermin
                   are
                   cased
                   ,
                   beginning
                   at
                   the
                   Snout
                   or
                   Nose
                   of
                   the
                   Beast
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   turn
                   his
                   Skin
                   over
                   his
                   Ears
                   down
                   to
                   the
                   Body
                   till
                   you
                   come
                   to
                   the
                   Tail.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   Proper
                   Terms
                   for
                   the
                   Noises
                   of
                   Hounds
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Hounds
                   are
                   first
                   cast
                   off
                   ,
                   and
                   find
                   some
                   Game
                   or
                   Chase
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   .
                   
                     They
                     Challenge
                  
                   .
                   If
                   they
                   are
                   too
                   busie
                   before
                   they
                   find
                   the
                   scent
                   good
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   
                     They
                     Bawl
                  
                   .
                   If
                   
                   they
                   be
                   too
                   busie
                   after
                   they
                   find
                   good
                   scent
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   
                     They
                     Babble
                  
                   .
                   If
                   they
                   run
                   it
                   end-ways
                   orderly
                   ,
                   making
                   it
                   good
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   hold
                   in
                   together
                   merrily
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   
                     They
                     are
                     in
                     full
                     Cry.
                  
                   When
                   Spaniels
                   open
                   in
                   the
                   string
                   ,
                   (
                   or
                   a
                   Grey-hound
                   in
                   his
                   course
                   )
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   
                     They
                     Lapse
                  
                   .
                   When
                   Hounds
                   hang
                   behinde
                   ,
                   and
                   beat
                   too
                   much
                   upon
                   the
                   scent
                   or
                   place
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   
                     Thy
                     Plod
                  
                   .
                   And
                   when
                   they
                   have
                   either
                   Earthed
                   a
                   Virmin
                   ,
                   or
                   brought
                   a
                   
                     Deer
                     ,
                     Boar
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   such-like
                   to
                   turn
                   head
                   against
                   them
                   ,
                   then
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   
                     They
                     Bay.
                  
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   Different
                   Terms
                   for
                   Hounds
                   and
                   Grey-hounds
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   Grey-hounds
                   ,
                   two
                   make
                   a
                   Brace
                   ;
                   of
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   a
                   Couple
                   .
                   Of
                   Grey-hounds
                   ,
                   three
                   make
                   a
                   Leace
                   ;
                   and
                   of
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   a
                   
                     Couple
                     and
                     half
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   We
                   let
                   slip
                   a
                   Grey-hound
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   off
                   a
                   Hound
                   .
                   The
                   string
                   where
                   with
                   we
                   lead
                   a
                   Grey-hound
                   ,
                   is
                   called
                   a
                   Leace
                   ;
                   and
                   for
                   a
                   Hound
                   ,
                   a
                   Lyome
                   .
                   The
                   Grey-hound
                   hath
                   his
                   Collar
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Hound
                   hath
                   his
                   Couples
                   .
                   We
                   say
                   ,
                   a
                   Kennel
                   of
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Pack
                   of
                   Beagles
                   .
                   Some
                   other
                   differences
                   there
                   are
                   ,
                   but
                   these
                   are
                   the
                   most
                   usual
                   .
                
                 
                   Where
                   we
                   find
                   Deer
                   have
                   lately
                   passed
                   into
                   Thickets
                   ,
                   &c.
                   by
                   which
                   we
                   guess
                   their
                   greatness
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   put
                   the
                   Hounds
                   or
                   Beagles
                   thereto
                   for
                   the
                   View
                   ,
                   we
                   account
                   such
                   places
                   Entries
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Impression
                   where
                   any
                   Deer
                   hath
                   reposed
                   or
                   harboured
                   ,
                   we
                   call
                   a
                   Layr
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   the
                   Hounds
                   or
                   Beagles
                   hit
                   the
                   scent
                   of
                   their
                   Chase
                   contrary
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   hit
                   it
                   up
                   the
                   wind
                   when
                   they
                   should
                   it
                   down
                   ,
                   we
                   then
                   say
                   ,
                   they
                   
                     Draw
                     amiss
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   the
                   Hounds
                   or
                   Beagles
                   take
                   fresh
                   scent
                   ,
                   hunting
                   another
                   Chase
                   ,
                   until
                   they
                   stick
                   and
                   hit
                   it
                   again
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   they
                   
                     Hunt
                     Change.
                  
                   
                
                 
                   When
                   the
                   Hounds
                   or
                   Beagles
                   hunt
                   it
                   by
                   the
                   Heel
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   they
                   
                     Hunt
                     Counter
                  
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   When
                   the
                   Chase
                   goes
                   off
                   ,
                   and
                   comes
                   on
                   again
                   traversing
                   the
                   same
                   ground
                   ,
                   to
                   deceive
                   the
                   Hounds
                   or
                   Beagles
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   they
                   Hunt
                   the
                   Foil
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   we
                   set
                   Hounds
                   in
                   readiness
                   where
                   we
                   expect
                   the
                   Deer
                   will
                   come
                   by
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   cast
                   them
                   off
                   when
                   the
                   other
                   Hounds
                   are
                   pass'd
                   by
                   ,
                   we
                   account
                   that
                   a
                   Relay
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Hounds
                   or
                   Beagles
                   have
                   finish'd
                   their
                   Chase
                   by
                   the
                   death
                   of
                   what
                   they
                   pursued
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   in
                   requital
                   are
                   fed
                   by
                   the
                   hands
                   of
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   or
                   others
                   ,
                   we
                   call
                   that
                   their
                   Reward
                   .
                
                 
                   Huntsmen
                   when
                   they
                   go
                   drawing
                   in
                   their
                   Springs
                   at
                   Hart-Hunting
                   ,
                   usually
                   make
                   Dew-rounds
                   ,
                   which
                   we
                   call
                   Ringwalks
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   any
                   Deer
                   is
                   hard
                   hunted
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   betakes
                   himself
                   to
                   swimming
                   in
                   any
                   River
                   ,
                   &c.
                   then
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   he
                   takes
                   Soyl.
                   
                
                 
                   When
                   Deer
                   cast
                   their
                   Horns
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   they
                   Mew
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   head
                   of
                   a
                   Fallow-Deer
                   is
                   called
                   Prick
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Huntsmen
                   endeavour
                   to
                   find
                   a
                   Hart
                   by
                   the
                   Slot
                   ,
                   &c.
                   and
                   then
                   minde
                   his
                   step
                   to
                   know
                   whether
                   he
                   is
                   great
                   and
                   long
                   ,
                   they
                   then
                   say
                   ,
                   they
                   know
                   him
                   by
                   his
                   Gate
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Deer
                   rub
                   and
                   push
                   their
                   heads
                   against
                   Trees
                   to
                   cause
                   the
                   Pills
                   of
                   their
                   new
                   Horns
                   come
                   off
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   they
                   Fray.
                   
                
                 
                   When
                   Deer
                   ,
                   after
                   being
                   hard
                   run
                   ,
                   turn
                   head
                   against
                   the
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   they
                   Bay.
                   
                
                 
                   When
                   Hounds
                   or
                   Beagles
                   run
                   long
                   without
                   opening
                   or
                   making
                   any
                   cry
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   they
                   run
                   Mute
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Hounds
                   or
                   Beagles
                   at
                   first
                   finding
                   the
                   scent
                   of
                   their
                   Game
                   presently
                   open
                   and
                   cry
                   ,
                   we
                   then
                   say
                   ,
                   they
                   Challenge
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Hounds
                   run
                   at
                   a
                   whole
                   Herd
                   of
                   Deer
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   they
                   
                     Run
                     Riot
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   the
                   Hounds
                   touch
                   the
                   scent
                   ,
                   and
                   draw
                   on
                   till
                   they
                   rouze
                   or
                   put
                   up
                   the
                   Chase
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   they
                   
                     Draw
                     on
                     the
                     Slot
                  
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   When
                   a
                   Roe
                   crosses
                   and
                   doubles
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   called
                   Trajoning
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   a
                   Hare
                   ,
                   as
                   sometimes
                   (
                   though
                   seldom
                   )
                   takes
                   the
                   ground
                   like
                   a
                   Coney
                   ,
                   we
                   then
                   say
                   ,
                   she
                   
                     Goes
                     to
                     the
                     Vault
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   we
                   beat
                   the
                   Bushes
                   ,
                   &c.
                   after
                   the
                   Fox
                   ,
                   we
                   call
                   it
                   Drawing
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   a
                   Hare
                   runs
                   on
                   rotten
                   ground
                   ,
                   or
                   in
                   a
                   Frost
                   sometimes
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   it
                   sticks
                   to
                   her
                   Feet
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   she
                   Carryeth
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   the
                   Fox
                   hath
                   young
                   ones
                   in
                   her
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   she
                   
                     is
                     with
                     Cub
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Beagles
                   bark
                   and
                   cry
                   at
                   their
                   Prey
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   they
                   Yearn
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Red
                   Male
                   Heart
                   of
                   an
                   year
                   old
                   ,
                   is
                   called
                   a
                   Spitter
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Rayn-Deer
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   beast
                   like
                   an
                   Heart
                   ,
                   but
                   hath
                   his
                   Head
                   fuller
                   of
                   Antliers
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Pricker
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   Huntsman
                   on
                   Horse-back
                   .
                
                 
                   Engines
                   that
                   we
                   take
                   Deer
                   withal
                   ,
                   are
                   called
                   Wiles
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   we
                   set
                   Hounds
                   or
                   Beagles
                   in
                   readiness
                   ,
                   expecting
                   the
                   Chase
                   to
                   come
                   by
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   cast
                   them
                   off
                   before
                   the
                   rest
                   come
                   in
                   ,
                   we
                   call
                   it
                   a
                   Vauntlay
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Hounds
                   or
                   Beagles
                   find
                   where
                   the
                   Chase
                   hath
                   been
                   ,
                   and
                   made
                   a
                   proffer
                   to
                   enter
                   ,
                   but
                   returned
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   there
                   is
                   a
                   Blemish
                   .
                
                 
                   We
                   say
                   How
                   to
                   a
                   Deer
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   we
                   start
                   a
                   Hare
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   
                     That
                     ,
                     that
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   
                     There
                     ,
                     there
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Call
                   ,
                   a
                   Lesson
                   blowed
                   on
                   the
                   Horn
                   to
                   comfort
                   the
                   Hounds
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Recheat
                   ,
                   a
                   Lesson
                   likewise
                   blown
                   on
                   the
                   Horn.
                   The
                   Mort
                   or
                   Death
                   ,
                   is
                   blown
                   at
                   the
                   death
                   of
                   any
                   Deer
                   .
                   There
                   are
                   several
                   other
                   Lessons
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   may
                   find
                   in
                   the
                   Sculpture
                   of
                   Notes
                   for
                   blowing
                   on
                   the
                   Horn.
                   
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   several
                   Hounds
                   and
                   Beagles
                   which
                   we
                   have
                   different
                   Titles
                   for
                   ;
                   as
                   Gaze-hound
                   ,
                   Blood-hound
                   ,
                   Staunch-hound
                   ,
                   Harrier
                   ,
                   and
                   Terrier
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   But
                   we
                   generally
                   
                   in
                   all
                   our
                   Kennels
                   and
                   Packs
                   rank
                   them
                   under
                   these
                   heads
                   :
                   
                     Enterers
                     ,
                     Drivers
                     ,
                     Flyers
                     ,
                     Tyers
                     ,
                     &c.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   And
                   now
                   to
                   conclude
                   our
                   discourse
                   of
                   general
                   Terms
                   at
                   this
                   place
                   ,
                   give
                   us
                   leave
                   to
                   insert
                   ,
                   for
                   such
                   young
                   Gentlemen
                   as
                   in
                   time
                   may
                   keep
                   a
                   Kennel
                   ,
                   some
                   usual
                   Names
                   of
                   Hounds
                   and
                   Beagles
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     A
                     CATALOGUE
                     of
                     some
                     general
                     Names
                     OF
                     HOUNDS
                     and
                     BEAGLES
                     .
                  
                   
                     BAnger
                  
                   
                     Beauty
                  
                   
                     Blue-man
                  
                   
                     Blue-cap
                  
                   
                     Boman
                  
                   
                     Bonny
                  
                   
                     Bouncer
                     .
                  
                   
                     Captain
                  
                   
                     Capper
                  
                   
                     Chanter
                  
                   
                     Countess
                  
                   
                     Cryer
                  
                   
                     Caesar.
                     
                  
                   
                     Dido
                  
                   
                     Driver
                  
                   
                     Drunkard
                  
                   
                     Drummer
                  
                   
                     Damosel
                  
                   
                     Darling
                  
                   
                     Dutchess
                  
                   
                     Dancer
                  
                   
                     Daphne
                     .
                  
                   
                     Fancy
                  
                   
                     Fidler
                  
                   
                     Flippant
                  
                   
                     Flurry
                  
                   
                     Fuddle
                     .
                  
                   
                     Gallant
                  
                   
                     Gawdy
                     .
                  
                   
                     Hector
                     .
                  
                   
                     Juggler
                  
                   
                     Jewel
                  
                   
                     Jocky
                  
                   
                     Jenny
                  
                   
                     Joler
                  
                   
                     Jollyboy
                  
                   
                     Jupiter
                  
                   
                     Juno
                     .
                  
                   
                     Keeper
                  
                   
                     Kilbuck
                     .
                  
                   
                     Lively
                  
                   
                     Lovely
                  
                   
                     Lady
                  
                   
                     Lilly
                  
                   
                     Lillups
                     .
                  
                   
                     Madam
                  
                   
                     Maulkin
                  
                   
                     Merryboy
                  
                   
                     Mopsie
                  
                   
                     Motley
                  
                   
                     Musick
                     .
                  
                   
                     Nancy
                  
                   
                     Nacter
                     .
                  
                   
                     Plunder
                  
                   
                     Pleasant
                  
                   
                     Pluto
                     .
                  
                   
                     Rockwood
                  
                   
                     Ringwood
                  
                   
                     Rover
                  
                   
                     Ranter
                  
                   
                     Ratler
                  
                   
                     Ruler
                  
                   
                     Ranger
                  
                   
                   
                     Royal
                  
                   
                     Rapper
                  
                   
                     Rusfler
                     .
                  
                   
                     Spanker
                  
                   
                     Singwel
                  
                   
                     Sweetlips
                  
                   
                     Soundwel
                  
                   
                     Stately
                     .
                  
                   
                     Troler
                  
                   
                     Thunder
                  
                   
                     Thisbe
                  
                   
                     Truman
                  
                   
                     Truelove
                  
                   
                     Tickler
                  
                   
                     Tattler
                  
                   
                     Tulip
                  
                   
                     Truelips
                  
                   
                     Touchstone
                  
                   
                     Traveller
                  
                   
                     Tracer
                  
                   
                     Touler
                  
                   
                     Tunewel
                  
                   
                     Tidings
                  
                   
                     Trouncer
                  
                   
                     Trusty
                  
                   
                     Truescent
                  
                   
                     Tryer.
                     
                  
                   
                     Venus
                  
                   
                     Vulcan
                  
                   
                     Violet
                     .
                  
                   
                     Wanton
                  
                   
                     Wonder
                  
                   
                     Winder
                  
                   
                     Whipster
                     .
                  
                   
                     Yerker
                  
                   
                     Younker
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 
                   Some
                   other
                   Terms
                   and
                   Descriptions
                   relating
                   more
                   particularly
                   to
                   Forest
                   and
                   Forest-Laws
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Forest
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   place
                   priviledged
                   by
                   Royal
                   Authority
                   and
                   differs
                   from
                   Park
                   ,
                   Warren
                   ,
                   and
                   Chase
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   on
                   purpose
                   allotted
                   for
                   the
                   peaceable
                   abiding
                   and
                   nourishment
                   of
                   the
                   Beasts
                   and
                   Fowls
                   thereto
                   belonging
                   .
                   For
                   which
                   there
                   are
                   certain
                   peculiar
                   Laws
                   ,
                   Officers
                   ,
                   and
                   Orders
                   ;
                   part
                   of
                   which
                   appear
                   in
                   the
                   Great
                   Charter
                   of
                   the
                   Forest.
                   
                
                 
                   A
                   Forester
                   ,
                   is
                   an
                   Officer
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   ,
                   sworn
                   to
                   preserve
                   the
                   Vert
                   and
                   Venison
                   therein
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   attend
                   the
                   wild
                   beasts
                   within
                   his
                   Bailiwick
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   watch
                   ,
                   and
                   endeavour
                   to
                   keep
                   them
                   safe
                   by
                   day
                   and
                   night
                   .
                   He
                   is
                   likewise
                   to
                   apprehend
                   all
                   Offenders
                   in
                   Vert
                   and
                   Venison
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   present
                   them
                   to
                   the
                   Courts
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   to
                   the
                   end
                   they
                   may
                   be
                   punished
                   according
                   to
                   their
                   offences
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   A
                   Purlieu
                   ,
                   is
                   all
                   that
                   ground
                   adjoyning
                   to
                   Forests
                   ,
                   which
                   being
                   made
                   Forest
                   by
                   Henry
                   the
                   second
                   ,
                   Richard
                   the
                   first
                   ,
                   or
                   King
                   John
                   ,
                   were
                   by
                   perambulations
                   granted
                   by
                   Henry
                   the
                   third
                   ,
                   and
                   severed
                   again
                   from
                   the
                   same
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Purlieu-man
                   ,
                   is
                   he
                   that
                   hath
                   ground
                   within
                   the
                   Purlieu
                   ,
                   and
                   hath
                   40
                   s.
                   a
                   year
                   Free-hold
                   ;
                   and
                   such
                   a
                   one
                   with
                   some
                   caution
                   may
                   hunt
                   within
                   his
                   own
                   Purlieu
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Regarder
                   ,
                   is
                   an
                   Officer
                   of
                   the
                   Kings
                   Forest
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   sworn
                   to
                   take
                   care
                   of
                   the
                   Vert
                   and
                   Venison
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   view
                   and
                   enquire
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   offences
                   committed
                   within
                   the
                   Forest
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   Concealments
                   of
                   them
                   ;
                   and
                   whether
                   all
                   other
                   Officers
                   do
                   execute
                   their
                   Office
                   or
                   not
                   .
                
                 
                   Woodgeld
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   gathering
                   or
                   cutting
                   of
                   Wood
                   in
                   the
                   Forest
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   money
                   paid
                   for
                   it
                   to
                   the
                   use
                   of
                   the
                   Foresters
                   ;
                   or
                   an
                   Immunity
                   for
                   this
                   by
                   the
                   King's
                   Grant.
                   
                
                 
                   A
                   Raunger
                   ,
                   In
                   some
                   Forests
                   there
                   are
                   twelve
                   Raungers
                   ,
                   whose
                   Offices
                   are
                   to
                   look
                   after
                   the
                   Purlieu
                   ,
                   and
                   drive
                   back
                   the
                   wild
                   Beasts
                   into
                   the
                   Forest
                   again
                   ;
                   and
                   to
                   see
                   ,
                   hear
                   ,
                   and
                   enquire
                   of
                   offenders
                   there
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   present
                   their
                   offences
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Verderor
                   ,
                   is
                   an
                   Officer
                   of
                   the
                   King's
                   Forest
                   ,
                   and
                   chosen
                   by
                   the
                   Free-holders
                   of
                   the
                   County
                   where
                   the
                   Forest
                   is
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   Kings
                   Writ
                   directed
                   to
                   the
                   Sheriff
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   .
                   Their
                   Office
                   is
                   chiefly
                   to
                   look
                   after
                   the
                   Wood
                   and
                   Grass
                   in
                   the
                   Forest.
                   
                
                 
                   An
                   Agistor
                   ,
                   is
                   an
                   Officer
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   that
                   takes
                   in
                   to
                   feed
                   the
                   Cattle
                   of
                   Strangers
                   ,
                   and
                   receives
                   for
                   the
                   Kings
                   use
                   all
                   such
                   tack-Money
                   as
                   becomes
                   due
                   from
                   those
                   Strangers
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Chase
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   place
                   used
                   for
                   the
                   receipt
                   of
                   Deer
                   and
                   Beasts
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   :
                   It
                   differs
                   from
                   a
                   Forest
                   and
                   Park
                   .
                   It
                   may
                   be
                   in
                   the
                   hands
                   of
                   a
                   Subject
                   ,
                   which
                   a
                   
                   Forest
                   in
                   its
                   proper
                   nature
                   cannot
                   be
                   .
                   Neither
                   is
                   it
                   inclosed
                   as
                   a
                   Park
                   always
                   is
                   ;
                   and
                   it
                   hath
                   a
                   larger
                   compass
                   ,
                   more
                   store
                   of
                   Game
                   ,
                   and
                   more
                   Keepers
                   and
                   Overseers
                   .
                
                 
                   Expeditate
                   ,
                   is
                   (
                   saith
                   Mr.
                   Crompton
                   )
                   the
                   cutting
                   out
                   the
                   ball
                   of
                   the
                   Foot
                   of
                   great
                   Dogs
                   in
                   the
                   Forest
                   ;
                   but
                   (
                   saith
                   Mr.
                   Manwood
                   )
                   it
                   is
                   the
                   cutting
                   off
                   the
                   three
                   fore-Claws
                   by
                   the
                   Skin
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   the
                   owner
                   of
                   every
                   such
                   Dog
                   ,
                   unexpeditated
                   in
                   the
                   Forest
                   ,
                   shall
                   forfeit
                   
                     3s
                     .
                     4d
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Fence
                     Month
                  
                   ,
                   hath
                   31
                   days
                   ,
                   begins
                   15
                   days
                   before
                   Midsummer
                   ,
                   and
                   ends
                   15
                   days
                   after
                   :
                   In
                   which
                   time
                   it
                   is
                   unlawful
                   for
                   any
                   to
                   hunt
                   in
                   the
                   Forest
                   ,
                   or
                   to
                   go
                   amongst
                   the
                   Deer
                   to
                   disquiet
                   them
                   ;
                   because
                   it
                   is
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   Fawning
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Frank
                     Chase
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   liberty
                   of
                   free
                   Chase
                   in
                   a
                   Circuit
                   annexed
                   to
                   a
                   Forest
                   ,
                   whereby
                   all
                   men
                   that
                   have
                   ground
                   within
                   the
                   circuit
                   are
                   forbidden
                   to
                   cut
                   down
                   Wood
                   ,
                   or
                   discover
                   ,
                   &c.
                   within
                   the
                   view
                   of
                   the
                   Forester
                   ,
                   though
                   it
                   be
                   his
                   own
                   Demesne
                   .
                
                 
                   Green-hue
                   ,
                   or
                   Vert
                   ,
                   they
                   both
                   signifie
                   one
                   thing
                   ,
                   it
                   being
                   every
                   thing
                   that
                   doth
                   drow
                   and
                   bear
                   green
                   Leaf
                   within
                   the
                   Forest
                   ,
                   that
                   may
                   cover
                   and
                   hide
                   the
                   Deer
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Over
                     Vert
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   high
                   Wood.
                   
                
                 
                   
                     Nether
                     Vert
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   under-wood
                   .
                   Brushwood
                   is
                   called
                   Cablish
                   .
                
                 
                   Horngeld
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   Tax
                   within
                   the
                   Forest
                   for
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   horned
                   beasts
                   .
                
                 
                   Footgeld
                   ,
                   is
                   an
                   Amercement
                   on
                   such
                   as
                   live
                   within
                   the
                   Forest
                   ,
                   for
                   not
                   expeditating
                   their
                   Dogs
                   .
                   And
                   to
                   be
                   quit
                   of
                   Footgeld
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   priviledge
                   to
                   keep
                   Dogs
                   there
                   Unlawed
                   without
                   Punishment
                   or
                   Controlement
                   .
                
                 
                   Pawnage
                   ,
                   is
                   Money
                   taken
                   by
                   the
                   Agistors
                   for
                   the
                   feed
                   of
                   Hogs
                   with
                   the
                   Mast
                   of
                   the
                   Kings's
                   Forest
                   ;
                   
                   but
                   (
                   Mr.
                   Crompton
                   saith
                   )
                   it
                   is
                   most
                   properly
                   the
                   Mast
                   ,
                   Woods
                   ,
                   Lands
                   ,
                   or
                   hedg'd
                   Rows
                   ,
                   or
                   Money
                   due
                   to
                   the
                   owners
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   for
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Scotale
                   ,
                   is
                   where
                   any
                   Officer
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   doth
                   keep
                   an
                   Ale-house
                   in
                   the
                   Forest
                   by
                   colour
                   of
                   his
                   Office
                   ,
                   causing
                   men
                   to
                   come
                   to
                   his
                   House
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   spend
                   their
                   money
                   there
                   for
                   fear
                   of
                   having
                   displeasure
                   ;
                   but
                   this
                   is
                   forbidden
                   by
                   
                     Charta
                     Forest.
                  
                   
                
                 
                   Perambulation
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   admeasurement
                   and
                   setting
                   down
                   of
                   Bounds
                   and
                   Limits
                   to
                   the
                   Forest.
                   
                
                 
                   
                     Drift
                     of
                     the
                     Forest
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   an
                   exact
                   view
                   and
                   examination
                   taken
                   at
                   certain
                   times
                   ,
                   as
                   occasion
                   shall
                   serve
                   ,
                   to
                   know
                   what
                   beasts
                   are
                   there
                   ;
                   that
                   none
                   Common
                   there
                   but
                   such
                   as
                   have
                   right
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   the
                   Forest
                   be
                   not
                   overcharged
                   with
                   the
                   beasts
                   of
                   Forreigners
                   .
                
                 
                   An
                   Assart
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   great
                   offence
                   committed
                   in
                   the
                   Forest
                   ,
                   by
                   grubbing
                   up
                   the
                   Woods
                   ,
                   Coverts
                   ,
                   and
                   Thickets
                   ,
                   and
                   making
                   them
                   plain
                   as
                   Arable
                   Land
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   like
                   .
                
                 
                   Minoverie
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   Trespass
                   or
                   Offence
                   committed
                   by
                   some
                   Engine
                   set
                   up
                   in
                   the
                   Forest
                   to
                   catch
                   Deer
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   like
                   .
                
                 
                   Tritis
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   freedom
                   that
                   one
                   hath
                   from
                   holding
                   a
                   Grey-hound
                   in
                   ones
                   hand
                   when
                   the
                   Lord
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   is
                   hunting
                   there
                   ,
                   or
                   to
                   be
                   amerced
                   for
                   his
                   default
                   .
                
                 
                   Protoforestarius
                   ,
                   was
                   a
                   great
                   Officer
                   heretofore
                   in
                   Windsor
                   Forest.
                   
                
                 
                   Stablestand
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   one
                   is
                   found
                   standing
                   in
                   the
                   Forest
                   with
                   his
                   Bow
                   ready
                   bent
                   to
                   shoot
                   at
                   any
                   Deer
                   or
                   ,
                   with
                   his
                   Grey-hound
                   in
                   a
                   Lease
                   ready
                   to
                   slip
                   .
                
                 
                   Swainmote
                   ,
                   or
                   Swannimote
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   Court
                   appointed
                   to
                   be
                   held
                   thrice
                   in
                   a
                   year
                   within
                   a
                   Forest
                   ;
                   the
                   first
                   ,
                   15
                   days
                   before
                   Michaelmas
                   ;
                   the
                   second
                   ,
                   about
                   Martinmas
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   third
                   ,
                   15
                   days
                   before
                   St.
                   
                     John
                     Baptist
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   Chiminage
                   ,
                   is
                   taken
                   by
                   Foresters
                   in
                   fee
                   throughout
                   
                   their
                   Bailiwick
                   for
                   Bushes
                   ,
                   Timber
                   ,
                   &c.
                   and
                   signifies
                   the
                   same
                   with
                   Toll
                   .
                
                 
                   Afforest
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   turn
                   Land
                   into
                   Forest.
                   
                
                 
                   Disafforest
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   turn
                   Land
                   from
                   being
                   Forest
                   to
                   other
                   uses
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   what
                   hath
                   been
                   said
                   be
                   sufficient
                   for
                   an
                   Introduction
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   us
                   conclude
                   it
                   with
                   a
                   perswasion
                   to
                   all
                   generous
                   Souls
                   not
                   to
                   slight
                   this
                   noble
                   and
                   worthy
                   Exercise
                   ,
                   (
                   wherein
                   is
                   contained
                   so
                   much
                   health
                   and
                   pleasure
                   )
                   for
                   the
                   besotting
                   Sensualities
                   ,
                   and
                   wicked
                   Debaucheries
                   of
                   a
                   City
                   ,
                   in
                   which
                   the
                   course
                   of
                   Nature
                   seems
                   to
                   be
                   inverted
                   ,
                   Day
                   turn'd
                   into
                   Night
                   ,
                   and
                   Night
                   into
                   Day
                   ;
                   where
                   there
                   is
                   little
                   other
                   Recreation
                   but
                   what
                   Women
                   ,
                   Wine
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Bawdy
                   Play
                   can
                   afford
                   them
                   ;
                   whereby
                   ,
                   for
                   want
                   of
                   Labour
                   and
                   Exercise
                   ,
                   Mens
                   Bodies
                   contain
                   as
                   many
                   Diseases
                   as
                   are
                   in
                   a
                   sickly
                   Hospital
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 DOGS
                 
                   in
                   general
                
                 .
              
               
                 AS
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 Country
                 in
                 the
                 World
                 wherein
                 there
                 is
                 not
                 plenty
                 of
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 so
                 no
                 Animal
                 can
                 boast
                 of
                 greater
                 variety
                 both
                 in
                 shape
                 and
                 kind
                 .
              
               
                 Some
                 Dogs
                 are
                 very
                 great
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Wolf-dog
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 shaped
                 like
                 a
                 Grey-hound
                 ,
                 but
                 by
                 much
                 taller
                 ,
                 longer
                 ,
                 and
                 thicker
                 ;
                 some
                 are
                 for
                 the
                 Buck
                 ,
                 others
                 for
                 the
                 
                   Boar
                   ,
                   Bear
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Bull
                 ;
                 some
                 for
                 the
                 
                   Hare
                   ,
                   Coney
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Hedge-hog
                 ;
                 some
                 are
                 both
                 for
                 Water
                 and
                 Land
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 are
                 called
                 Spaniels
                 ;
                 other
                 are
                 called
                 Lurchers
                 ,
                 Tumblers
                 ,
                 Brachers
                 ,
                 Beagles
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 As
                 for
                 Shepherds
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 foisting
                 Curs
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 whom
                 some
                 fond
                 Ladies
                 make
                 their
                 daily
                 ,
                 nay
                 nightly
                 Companions
                 
                 too
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 pass
                 over
                 ,
                 being
                 neither
                 worthy
                 to
                 be
                 inserted
                 in
                 this
                 Subject
                 ,
                 nor
                 agreeable
                 thereunto
                 :
                 wherefore
                 I
                 shall
                 onely
                 treat
                 of
                 such
                 whose
                 natures
                 do
                 incline
                 them
                 to
                 Game
                 ,
                 for
                 mans
                 Pastime
                 and
                 Recreation
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 first
                 place
                 ,
                 let
                 us
                 consider
                 the
                 Nature
                 of
                 Dogs
                 in
                 general
                 ,
                 wherein
                 they
                 agree
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 common
                 properties
                 of
                 Nature
                 ,
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 not
                 destroyed
                 in
                 the
                 distinction
                 of
                 kinds
                 ,
                 but
                 remain
                 like
                 infallible
                 Truths
                 ,
                 and
                 invariable
                 in
                 every
                 kind
                 and
                 Country
                 through
                 the
                 Universe
                 .
                 Dogs
                 (
                 as
                 it
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 observed
                 )
                 are
                 generally
                 rough
                 ;
                 and
                 their
                 Hair
                 indifferently
                 long
                 (
                 which
                 in
                 Winter
                 they
                 lose
                 every
                 year
                 )
                 is
                 a
                 signe
                 of
                 a
                 good
                 constitution
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 it
                 grow
                 over-long
                 ,
                 the
                 Mange
                 will
                 follow
                 .
                 The
                 outward
                 proportion
                 of
                 the
                 Head
                 altereth
                 as
                 the
                 kind
                 altereth
                 ,
                 having
                 no
                 commissure
                 or
                 seam
                 in
                 the
                 Skull
                 ,
                 being
                 a
                 continued
                 bone
                 without
                 separation
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 best
                 Dogs
                 (
                 in
                 Pliny's
                 Opinion
                 )
                 have
                 flat
                 Nostrils
                 ,
                 yet
                 round
                 ,
                 solid
                 ,
                 and
                 blunt
                 :
                 Their
                 Teeth
                 are
                 like
                 Saws
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 change
                 in
                 the
                 fourth
                 month
                 of
                 their
                 age
                 :
                 and
                 by
                 them
                 is
                 their
                 age
                 discerned
                 ;
                 for
                 while
                 they
                 are
                 white
                 and
                 sharp
                 ,
                 it
                 discovers
                 the
                 youth
                 of
                 a
                 Dog
                 ;
                 but
                 when
                 they
                 grow
                 blackish
                 or
                 dusky
                 ,
                 broken
                 and
                 torn
                 ,
                 they
                 demonstrate
                 the
                 elder
                 age
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Breast
                 of
                 a
                 Dog
                 is
                 narrow
                 ,
                 so
                 is
                 his
                 Ventricle
                 :
                 for
                 which
                 cause
                 he
                 is
                 always
                 in
                 pain
                 in
                 the
                 discharging
                 his
                 Excrements
                 .
              
               
                 After
                 they
                 have
                 run
                 a
                 Course
                 ,
                 they
                 relieve
                 themselves
                 by
                 tumbling
                 and
                 rowling
                 to
                 and
                 fro
                 .
                 When
                 they
                 lie
                 down
                 ,
                 they
                 turn
                 round
                 in
                 a
                 circle
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 times
                 together
                 ;
                 which
                 they
                 do
                 for
                 no
                 other
                 cause
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 the
                 more
                 commodiously
                 lie
                 round
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 the
                 Wind.
                 
              
               
                 In
                 their
                 sleep
                 they
                 often
                 dream
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 appear
                 by
                 their
                 barking
                 .
                 Here
                 observe
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 who
                 love
                 to
                 
                 keep
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 must
                 have
                 a
                 special
                 care
                 that
                 they
                 let
                 them
                 not
                 sleep
                 too
                 much
                 ,
                 especially
                 after
                 their
                 Meat
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 are
                 young
                 :
                 for
                 as
                 they
                 are
                 very
                 hot
                 ,
                 so
                 in
                 their
                 sleep
                 doth
                 their
                 heat
                 draw
                 much
                 pain
                 into
                 their
                 Stomack
                 and
                 Ventricle
                 .
                 The
                 time
                 of
                 their
                 Copulation
                 is
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 at
                 a
                 year
                 old
                 ;
                 yet
                 the
                 Females
                 will
                 lust
                 after
                 it
                 sooner
                 ;
                 but
                 they
                 should
                 be
                 restrained
                 from
                 it
                 ,
                 because
                 it
                 debilitates
                 their
                 Body
                 ,
                 and
                 dulls
                 their
                 Generofity
                 .
                 After
                 the
                 expiration
                 of
                 a
                 year
                 ,
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 permitted
                 to
                 copulate
                 ;
                 it
                 matters
                 not
                 whether
                 in
                 Winter
                 or
                 Summer
                 ,
                 but
                 it
                 is
                 best
                 in
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 the
                 Spring
                 :
                 but
                 with
                 this
                 caution
                 ,
                 that
                 Whelps
                 of
                 a
                 Litter
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 one
                 and
                 the
                 same
                 Bitch
                 ,
                 be
                 never
                 suffered
                 to
                 couple
                 ;
                 for
                 Nature
                 delights
                 in
                 variety
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 antient
                 time
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 more
                 ennobling
                 of
                 their
                 race
                 of
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 they
                 would
                 not
                 permit
                 them
                 to
                 ingender
                 till
                 the
                 Male
                 was
                 four
                 year
                 old
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Female
                 three
                 ;
                 for
                 by
                 that
                 means
                 the
                 Whelps
                 would
                 prove
                 more
                 strong
                 and
                 lively
                 .
                 By
                 Hunting
                 ,
                 Labour
                 ,
                 and
                 Travel
                 ,
                 the
                 Males
                 are
                 made
                 more
                 fit
                 for
                 Generation
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 prove
                 best
                 which
                 have
                 their
                 Siers
                 of
                 equal
                 age
                 .
                 When
                 they
                 grow
                 proud
                 ,
                 give
                 them
                 Leaven
                 mingled
                 with
                 Milk
                 and
                 Salt
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 will
                 not
                 stray
                 and
                 ramble
                 abroad
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 not
                 good
                 to
                 preserve
                 the
                 first
                 or
                 second
                 Litter
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 third
                 :
                 and
                 after
                 they
                 have
                 littered
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 good
                 to
                 give
                 the
                 Bitch
                 Whey
                 and
                 Barley-bread
                 ;
                 for
                 that
                 will
                 comfort
                 her
                 ,
                 and
                 increase
                 her
                 Milk
                 :
                 or
                 take
                 the
                 Bones
                 of
                 broken
                 Meat
                 ,
                 and
                 seeth
                 them
                 in
                 Goats-Milk
                 :
                 which
                 nutriment
                 will
                 strengthen
                 very
                 much
                 both
                 Dam
                 and
                 Whelps
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 no
                 great
                 regard
                 to
                 be
                 had
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 Food
                 of
                 a
                 Dog
                 ,
                 for
                 he
                 will
                 eat
                 any
                 thing
                 but
                 the
                 Flesh
                 of
                 his
                 own
                 kinde
                 ;
                 for
                 that
                 cannot
                 be
                 so
                 dressed
                 by
                 the
                 art
                 of
                 Man
                 ,
                 but
                 they
                 find
                 it
                 out
                 by
                 their
                 Nose
                 ,
                 and
                 
                 avoid
                 it
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 good
                 to
                 let
                 the
                 Whelps
                 suck
                 two
                 Months
                 before
                 they
                 be
                 weaned
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 Dam.
                 
              
               
                 Put
                 Cummin
                 now
                 and
                 then
                 in
                 their
                 bread
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 cure
                 or
                 prevent
                 Wind
                 in
                 their
                 bellies
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 Oyl
                 be
                 mingled
                 with
                 that
                 Water
                 they
                 lap
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 prove
                 more
                 able
                 and
                 swift
                 to
                 run
                 .
                 If
                 he
                 refuse
                 and
                 loath
                 his
                 Meat
                 ,
                 give
                 him
                 a
                 little
                 hot
                 Bread
                 ,
                 or
                 dip
                 brown
                 Bread
                 in
                 Vinegar
                 ,
                 and
                 sqeeze
                 the
                 liquor
                 thereof
                 into
                 his
                 Nose
                 ,
                 and
                 it
                 will
                 ease
                 him
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 some
                 difficulty
                 to
                 chuse
                 a
                 Whelp
                 under
                 the
                 Dam
                 that
                 will
                 prove
                 the
                 best
                 of
                 the
                 Litter
                 .
                 Some
                 observe
                 that
                 which
                 seeth
                 last
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 that
                 for
                 the
                 best
                 :
                 others
                 remove
                 the
                 Whelps
                 from
                 the
                 Kennel
                 ,
                 and
                 lay
                 them
                 several
                 and
                 apart
                 one
                 from
                 the
                 other
                 ;
                 then
                 watch
                 they
                 which
                 of
                 them
                 the
                 Bitch
                 first
                 taketh
                 and
                 carrieth
                 into
                 her
                 Kennel
                 again
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 they
                 take
                 for
                 the
                 best
                 ;
                 or
                 else
                 that
                 which
                 vomiteth
                 last
                 of
                 all
                 .
                 Some
                 again
                 give
                 for
                 a
                 certain
                 rule
                 to
                 know
                 the
                 best
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 same
                 which
                 weigheth
                 least
                 while
                 it
                 sucketh
                 will
                 prove
                 the
                 best
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 Verses
                 of
                 Nemesian
                 :
              
               
                 
                   Pondere
                   nam
                   Catuli
                   poteris
                   perpendere
                   viris
                   ,
                
                 
                   Corporibusque
                   leves
                   gravibus
                   pernoscere
                   cursu
                   .
                
              
               
                 But
                 this
                 is
                 certain
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 lighter
                 Whelp
                 will
                 prove
                 the
                 swifter
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 heavier
                 will
                 be
                 the
                 stronger
                 .
              
               
                 As
                 soon
                 as
                 as
                 the
                 Bitch
                 hath
                 littered
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 requisite
                 to
                 chuse
                 them
                 you
                 intend
                 to
                 preserve
                 ,
                 and
                 throw
                 away
                 the
                 rest
                 :
                 keep
                 the
                 black
                 ,
                 brown
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 one
                 colour
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 spotted
                 are
                 not
                 much
                 to
                 be
                 accounted
                 of
                 ;
                 but
                 of
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 spotted
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 valued
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 not
                 any
                 Creature
                 irrational
                 ,
                 more
                 loving
                 to
                 his
                 Master
                 ,
                 nor
                 more
                 serviceable
                 than
                 a
                 Dog
                 ,
                 enduring
                 blows
                 from
                 his
                 hands
                 ,
                 and
                 using
                 no
                 other
                 means
                 
                 to
                 pacifie
                 his
                 displeasure
                 ,
                 than
                 Humiliation
                 and
                 prostration
                 ;
                 and
                 after
                 beating
                 ,
                 turneth
                 a
                 Revenge
                 into
                 a
                 more
                 fervent
                 Love.
                 Irrational
                 ,
                 did
                 I
                 say
                 ,
                 ?
                 I
                 may
                 mistake
                 ,
                 if
                 what
                 AElianus
                 reports
                 be
                 true
                 ,
                 who
                 thought
                 Dogs
                 have
                 Reason
                 ,
                 and
                 use
                 Logick
                 in
                 their
                 Hunting
                 ;
                 for
                 they
                 will
                 cast
                 about
                 for
                 the
                 Game
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 Disputant
                 doth
                 for
                 the
                 truth
                 ;
                 as
                 if
                 they
                 should
                 say
                 ,
                 the
                 Hare
                 is
                 gone
                 either
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 ,
                 the
                 right
                 ,
                 or
                 straight
                 forward
                 ;
                 but
                 not
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 or
                 right
                 ,
                 Therefore
                 straight
                 forward
                 .
                 Whereupon
                 he
                 runneth
                 forthright
                 after
                 the
                 true
                 and
                 infallible
                 footsteps
                 of
                 the
                 Hare
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   Dogs
                   
                     for
                     Hunting
                     .
                     Of
                     the
                     Hound
                  
                   Rache
                   and
                   SLUTH-HOUND
                   ,
                   
                     so
                     called
                     in
                  
                   Scotland
                   ,
                   
                     and
                     by
                     the
                  
                   Germans
                   SCHLATHUND
                   .
                
                 
                   THere
                   are
                   to
                   England
                   and
                   Scotland
                   two
                   kindes
                   of
                   Hunting-Dogs
                   ,
                   and
                   no
                   where
                   else
                   in
                   all
                   the
                   World
                   :
                   The
                   first
                   kind
                   is
                   called
                   
                     Ane
                     Rache
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   this
                   is
                   a
                   Foot-scenting
                   creature
                   both
                   of
                   wild
                   Beasts
                   ,
                   Birds
                   ,
                   and
                   Fishes
                   also
                   ,
                   which
                   lie
                   hid
                   among
                   the
                   Rocks
                   :
                   
                     The
                     Female
                     hereof
                     in
                  
                   England
                   
                     is
                     called
                     a
                  
                   Brache
                   .
                   A
                   Brach
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   mannerly
                   name
                   for
                   all
                   Hound-Bitches
                   .
                   The
                   second
                   in
                   Scotland
                   is
                   called
                   a
                   Sluth-hound
                   ,
                   being
                   a
                   little
                   greater
                   than
                   the
                   Hunting-Hound
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   colour
                   for
                   the
                   most
                   part
                   brown
                   or
                   sandy
                   spotted
                   .
                   The
                   sense
                   of
                   Smelling
                   is
                   so
                   quick
                   in
                   these
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   can
                   follow
                   the
                   Foot-steps
                   of
                   Thieves
                   ,
                   and
                   pursue
                   them
                   with
                   violence
                   until
                   they
                   overtake
                   them
                   :
                   nay
                   ,
                   should
                   the
                   Thief
                   take
                   the
                   Water
                   ,
                   so
                   eager
                   they
                   are
                   in
                   their
                   pursuit
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   will
                   swim
                   after
                   them
                   ;
                   and
                   are
                   restless
                   till
                   they
                   find
                   the
                   thing
                   they
                   seek
                   after
                   :
                   For
                   this
                   is
                   common
                   in
                   the
                   Borders
                   
                   of
                   England
                   and
                   Scotland
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   people
                   were
                   wont
                   to
                   live
                   much
                   upon
                   Theft
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   the
                   Dog
                   brought
                   his
                   Leader
                   to
                   any
                   house
                   where
                   they
                   may
                   not
                   be
                   suffered
                   to
                   enter
                   ,
                   they
                   take
                   it
                   for
                   granted
                   that
                   there
                   is
                   both
                   the
                   stolen
                   Goods
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Thief
                   also
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   BLOOD-HOUND
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   Blood-hound
                   differeth
                   nothing
                   in
                   quality
                   from
                   the
                   Scotish
                   Sluth-hound
                   ,
                   saving
                   that
                   they
                   are
                   more
                   largely
                   sized
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   always
                   of
                   one
                   and
                   the
                   same
                   colour
                   :
                   for
                   they
                   are
                   sometimes
                   Red
                   ,
                   Sanded
                   ,
                   Black
                   ,
                   White
                   ,
                   Spotted
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   all
                   colours
                   with
                   other
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   but
                   most
                   commonly
                   either
                   brown
                   or
                   red
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Germans
                   call
                   this
                   beast
                   Langhund
                   ,
                   because
                   their
                   Ears
                   are
                   long
                   ,
                   thin
                   ,
                   and
                   hanging
                   down
                   ;
                   and
                   they
                   differ
                   not
                   from
                   vulgar
                   Dogs
                   in
                   any
                   other
                   outward
                   proportion
                   ,
                   than
                   onely
                   in
                   their
                   Cry
                   and
                   Barking
                   .
                   Their
                   nature
                   is
                   ,
                   being
                   set
                   on
                   by
                   the
                   voice
                   and
                   words
                   of
                   their
                   Leader
                   ,
                   to
                   cast
                   about
                   for
                   the
                   sitting
                   of
                   the
                   present
                   Game
                   ;
                   and
                   having
                   found
                   it
                   ,
                   will
                   never
                   cease
                   pursuing
                   it
                   with
                   full
                   cry
                   ,
                   till
                   it
                   is
                   tired
                   ,
                   without
                   changing
                   for
                   any
                   other
                   .
                   They
                   seldome
                   bark
                   ,
                   except
                   in
                   their
                   Chase
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   very
                   obedient
                   and
                   attentive
                   to
                   the
                   Voice
                   of
                   the
                   Leader
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   which
                   are
                   white
                   ,
                   are
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   quickest
                   scented
                   ,
                   and
                   surest
                   Nos'd
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   best
                   for
                   the
                   Hare
                   :
                   The
                   black
                   ones
                   for
                   the
                   Boar
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   red
                   for
                   the
                   Hart
                   and
                   Roe
                   .
                   This
                   is
                   the
                   Opinion
                   of
                   some
                   ,
                   but
                   none
                   of
                   mine
                   ;
                   because
                   their
                   colour
                   (
                   especially
                   the
                   latter
                   )
                   are
                   too
                   like
                   the
                   Game
                   they
                   Hunt
                   :
                   although
                   there
                   can
                   be
                   nothing
                   certain
                   collected
                   of
                   their
                   colour
                   ,
                   yet
                   is
                   the
                   black
                   Hound
                   hardier
                   ,
                   and
                   better
                   able
                   to
                   endure
                   cold
                   than
                   the
                   other
                   which
                   is
                   white
                   .
                   They
                   
                   must
                   be
                   tied
                   up
                   till
                   they
                   hunt
                   ,
                   yet
                   so
                   as
                   they
                   be
                   let
                   loose
                   now
                   and
                   then
                   a
                   little
                   to
                   ease
                   their
                   Bellies
                   ;
                   for
                   it
                   is
                   necessary
                   that
                   their
                   Kennel
                   be
                   kept
                   sweet
                   and
                   dry
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   questionable
                   how
                   to
                   discern
                   a
                   Hound
                   of
                   excellent
                   sense
                   :
                   yet
                   some
                   are
                   of
                   the
                   Opinion
                   that
                   the
                   square
                   and
                   flat
                   Nose
                   is
                   the
                   best
                   signe
                   thereof
                   ;
                   likewise
                   a
                   small
                   Head
                   ,
                   having
                   all
                   his
                   Legs
                   of
                   equal
                   length
                   ;
                   his
                   Breast
                   not
                   deeper
                   than
                   his
                   Belly
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Back
                   plain
                   to
                   his
                   Tail
                   ;
                   his
                   Eyes
                   quick
                   ,
                   his
                   Ears
                   hanging
                   long
                   ;
                   his
                   Tail
                   nimble
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   beak
                   of
                   his
                   Nose
                   always
                   to
                   the
                   Earth
                   ;
                   and
                   especially
                   such
                   as
                   are
                   most
                   silent
                   ,
                   and
                   bark
                   least
                   .
                
                 
                   Consider
                   now
                   the
                   divers
                   and
                   variable
                   dispositions
                   of
                   Hounds
                   in
                   their
                   finding
                   out
                   the
                   Beast
                   .
                   Some
                   are
                   of
                   that
                   nature
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   they
                   have
                   found
                   the
                   Game
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   stand
                   still
                   till
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   come
                   up
                   ,
                   to
                   whom
                   in
                   silence
                   ,
                   by
                   their
                   Face
                   ,
                   Eye
                   ,
                   and
                   Tail
                   ,
                   they
                   shew
                   the
                   Game
                   :
                   others
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   have
                   found
                   the
                   foot-steps
                   ,
                   go
                   forward
                   without
                   any
                   voice
                   or
                   other
                   shew
                   of
                   Ear
                   or
                   Tail
                   :
                   Another
                   sort
                   when
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   have
                   found
                   the
                   footings
                   of
                   the
                   Beast
                   ,
                   prick
                   up
                   their
                   Ears
                   a
                   little
                   ,
                   and
                   either
                   bark
                   or
                   wag
                   their
                   Tails
                   ;
                   and
                   others
                   will
                   wag
                   their
                   Tails
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   move
                   their
                   Ears
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   some
                   again
                   that
                   do
                   none
                   of
                   these
                   ,
                   but
                   wander
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   barking
                   about
                   the
                   surest
                   marks
                   ,
                   and
                   confounding
                   their
                   own
                   foot-steps
                   with
                   the
                   Beasts
                   they
                   hunt
                   ;
                   or
                   else
                   forsake
                   the
                   way
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   run
                   back
                   again
                   to
                   the
                   first
                   head
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   they
                   see
                   the
                   Hare
                   ,
                   are
                   affraid
                   ,
                   not
                   daring
                   to
                   come
                   near
                   her
                   ,
                   except
                   she
                   start
                   first
                   .
                   These
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   other
                   which
                   hinder
                   the
                   cunning
                   labours
                   of
                   their
                   Colleagues
                   ,
                   trusting
                   to
                   their
                   Feet
                   ,
                   and
                   running
                   before
                   their
                   betters
                   ,
                   deface
                   the
                   best
                   mark
                   ,
                   or
                   else
                   hunt
                   counter
                   ,
                   and
                   take
                   up
                   any
                   false
                   scent
                   for
                   the
                   truth
                   ;
                   or
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   more
                   reprehensible
                   ,
                   never
                   forsake
                   the
                   High-ways
                   ,
                   and
                   yet
                   have
                   not
                   learned
                   to
                   be
                   
                   silent
                   :
                   Unto
                   these
                   you
                   may
                   also
                   adde
                   those
                   which
                   cannot
                   discern
                   the
                   Footing
                   or
                   Pricking
                   of
                   a
                   Hare
                   ,
                   yet
                   will
                   they
                   run
                   speedy
                   when
                   they
                   see
                   her
                   ,
                   pursuing
                   her
                   hotly
                   in
                   the
                   beginning
                   ,
                   and
                   afterwards
                   tire
                   ,
                   or
                   hunt
                   lazily
                   .
                   All
                   these
                   are
                   not
                   to
                   be
                   admitted
                   into
                   a
                   Kennel
                   of
                   good
                   Hounds
                   .
                
                 
                   On
                   the
                   contrary
                   ,
                   those
                   Hounds
                   which
                   are
                   good
                   when
                   they
                   have
                   found
                   the
                   Hare
                   ,
                   make
                   shew
                   thereof
                   to
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   ,
                   by
                   running
                   more
                   speedily
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   gesture
                   of
                   Head
                   ,
                   Eyes
                   ,
                   Ears
                   ,
                   and
                   Tail
                   ,
                   winding
                   to
                   the
                   Fourm
                   or
                   Hares
                   Muse
                   ,
                   never
                   give
                   over
                   prosecution
                   with
                   a
                   gallant
                   noise
                   :
                   they
                   have
                   good
                   and
                   hard
                   Feet
                   ,
                   and
                   stately
                   Stomacks
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   whereas
                   the
                   nature
                   of
                   the
                   Hare
                   is
                   sometimes
                   to
                   leap
                   and
                   make
                   headings
                   ,
                   sometimes
                   to
                   tread
                   softly
                   with
                   but
                   a
                   very
                   small
                   impression
                   in
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   or
                   sometimes
                   to
                   lie
                   down
                   ,
                   and
                   ever
                   to
                   leap
                   or
                   jump
                   out
                   and
                   into
                   her
                   own
                   Form
                   ,
                   the
                   poor
                   Hound
                   is
                   so
                   much
                   the
                   more
                   busied
                   and
                   troubled
                   to
                   retain
                   the
                   small
                   scent
                   of
                   her
                   pricking
                   which
                   she
                   leaveth
                   behinde
                   her
                   ;
                   for
                   this
                   cause
                   it
                   is
                   requisite
                   that
                   you
                   help
                   the
                   Hound
                   ,
                   not
                   onely
                   with
                   Voice
                   ,
                   Eye
                   ,
                   and
                   Hand
                   ,
                   but
                   with
                   a
                   seasonable
                   Time
                   also
                   :
                   for
                   in
                   frosty
                   weather
                   the
                   scent
                   freezeth
                   with
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   there
                   is
                   no
                   certainty
                   of
                   hunting
                   till
                   it
                   thaw
                   ,
                   or
                   that
                   the
                   Sun
                   arise
                   .
                   Likewise
                   if
                   very
                   much
                   Rain
                   fall
                   between
                   the
                   starting
                   of
                   the
                   Hare
                   and
                   time
                   of
                   hunting
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   not
                   convenient
                   to
                   hunt
                   till
                   the
                   Water
                   be
                   dried
                   up
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   drops
                   disperse
                   the
                   scent
                   of
                   the
                   Hare
                   ,
                   and
                   dry
                   weather
                   collecteth
                   it
                   again
                   .
                   The
                   Summer-time
                   also
                   is
                   not
                   for
                   hunting
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   heat
                   of
                   the
                   weather
                   consurneth
                   the
                   scent
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   night
                   being
                   then
                   but
                   short
                   ,
                   the
                   Hare
                   travelleth
                   not
                   far
                   ,
                   feeding
                   onely
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   and
                   evening
                   :
                   besides
                   ,
                   the
                   fragrancy
                   of
                   Flowers
                   and
                   Herbs
                   then
                   growing
                   ,
                   obliterates
                   the
                   scent
                   the
                   Hounds
                   are
                   guided
                   by
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   The
                   best
                   time
                   for
                   hunting
                   with
                   these
                   Hounds
                   is
                   in
                   Autumn
                   ,
                   because
                   then
                   the
                   former
                   Odours
                   are
                   weakned
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Earth
                   barer
                   than
                   at
                   other
                   time
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   Hounds
                   do
                   not
                   onely
                   chase
                   their
                   Game
                   while
                   it
                   liveth
                   ,
                   but
                   being
                   dead
                   also
                   by
                   any
                   manner
                   of
                   casualty
                   ,
                   make
                   recourse
                   to
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   it
                   lieth
                   ,
                   having
                   in
                   this
                   point
                   an
                   assured
                   and
                   infallible
                   Guide
                   ,
                   namely
                   ,
                   the
                   Scent
                   and
                   Savour
                   of
                   the
                   Blood
                   sprinkled
                   here
                   and
                   there
                   upon
                   the
                   ground
                   :
                   for
                   whether
                   the
                   Beast
                   being
                   wounded
                   doth
                   notwithstanding
                   enjoy
                   life
                   ,
                   and
                   escapeth
                   the
                   hands
                   of
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   ;
                   or
                   whether
                   the
                   said
                   Beast
                   ,
                   being
                   slain
                   ,
                   is
                   conveyed
                   cleanly
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Park
                   ,
                   (
                   so
                   that
                   there
                   be
                   some
                   marks
                   of
                   bloodshed
                   )
                   these
                   Dogs
                   ,
                   with
                   no
                   less
                   facility
                   and
                   easiness
                   ,
                   than
                   avidity
                   and
                   greediness
                   ,
                   disclose
                   and
                   bewray
                   the
                   same
                   by
                   Smelling
                   ,
                   applying
                   to
                   their
                   pursuit
                   agility
                   and
                   nimbleness
                   ,
                   without
                   tediousness
                   ;
                   for
                   which
                   consideration
                   ,
                   of
                   a
                   singular
                   speciality
                   they
                   deserved
                   to
                   be
                   called
                   Sanguinarii
                   ,
                   Blood-Hounds
                   :
                   And
                   although
                   a
                   piece
                   of
                   flesh
                   be
                   subtilly
                   stolen
                   ,
                   and
                   cunningly
                   conveyed
                   away
                   ,
                   with
                   such
                   proviso's
                   and
                   precaveats
                   ,
                   as
                   thereby
                   all
                   appearances
                   of
                   Bloud
                   is
                   thereby
                   prevented
                   or
                   concealed
                   ;
                   yet
                   these
                   kind
                   of
                   Dogs
                   ,
                   by
                   certain
                   direction
                   of
                   an
                   inward
                   assured
                   notice
                   and
                   private
                   mark
                   ,
                   pursue
                   these
                   desperate
                   Deer-stealers
                   through
                   craggy
                   Ways
                   ,
                   and
                   crooked
                   Meanders
                   ,
                   till
                   they
                   have
                   found
                   them
                   out
                   :
                   yea
                   ,
                   so
                   effectual
                   is
                   their
                   foresight
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   can
                   discover
                   ,
                   separate
                   ,
                   and
                   pick
                   them
                   out
                   from
                   an
                   infinite
                   multitude
                   ;
                   creep
                   they
                   never
                   so
                   far
                   into
                   the
                   thickest
                   throng
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   find
                   them
                   out
                   notwithstanding
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   GAZE-HOUND
                   .
                
                 
                   THis
                   Dog
                   is
                   little
                   beholding
                   in
                   Hunting
                   to
                   his
                   Nose
                   or
                   Smelling
                   ,
                   but
                   to
                   sharpness
                   of
                   Sight
                   altogether
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   vertue
                   whereof
                   it
                   makes
                   excellent
                   sport
                   with
                   the
                   Fox
                   and
                   Hare
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Dog
                   will
                   chuse
                   and
                   separate
                   from
                   amongst
                   a
                   great
                   Flock
                   or
                   Herd
                   ,
                   and
                   such
                   a
                   one
                   will
                   it
                   take
                   by
                   election
                   ,
                   as
                   is
                   not
                   lank
                   or
                   lean
                   ,
                   but
                   full
                   ,
                   fat
                   ,
                   and
                   round
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   a
                   Beast
                   be
                   wounded
                   and
                   go
                   astray
                   ,
                   this
                   Dog
                   will
                   seek
                   after
                   it
                   by
                   the
                   sreadfastness
                   of
                   the
                   Eye
                   ;
                   if
                   it
                   happen
                   to
                   return
                   ,
                   and
                   be
                   mingled
                   with
                   the
                   residue
                   of
                   the
                   Herd
                   ,
                   this
                   Dog
                   will
                   soon
                   spy
                   it
                   out
                   ,
                   leaving
                   the
                   rest
                   untouched
                   :
                   and
                   after
                   he
                   hath
                   set
                   sure
                   sight
                   upon
                   it
                   ,
                   he
                   separateth
                   it
                   from
                   the
                   company
                   ;
                   and
                   having
                   so
                   done
                   ,
                   never
                   ceaseth
                   till
                   he
                   hath
                   wearied
                   it
                   to
                   death
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Dog
                   is
                   called
                   in
                   Latine
                   Agasaeus
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   beams
                   of
                   the
                   Sight
                   are
                   so
                   stedfastly
                   setled
                   ,
                   and
                   unmoveably
                   fastned
                   .
                   These
                   Dogs
                   are
                   much
                   used
                   in
                   the
                   Northern
                   parts
                   of
                   England
                   ,
                   much
                   more
                   than
                   in
                   the
                   Southern
                   ;
                   and
                   on
                   Champion
                   ground
                   rather
                   than
                   in
                   bushy
                   and
                   woody
                   places
                   :
                   Horsemen
                   use
                   them
                   more
                   than
                   Footmen
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   it
                   happen
                   so
                   at
                   any
                   time
                   that
                   this
                   Dog
                   take
                   a
                   wrong
                   way
                   ,
                   the
                   Master
                   making
                   some
                   usual
                   signe
                   ,
                   and
                   familiar
                   token
                   ,
                   he
                   returneth
                   forthwith
                   ,
                   and
                   taketh
                   the
                   right
                   and
                   ready
                   course
                   ,
                   beginning
                   his
                   Ghase
                   afresh
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   a
                   clear
                   Voice
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   swift
                   Foot
                   ,
                   followeth
                   the
                   Game
                   with
                   as
                   much
                   courage
                   and
                   nimbleness
                   as
                   he
                   did
                   at
                   the
                   first
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   GREY-HOUND
                   .
                
                 
                   AMong
                   the
                   divers
                   kinds
                   of
                   Hunting-dogs
                   ,
                   the
                   Grey-hound
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   his
                   Swiftness
                   ,
                   Strength
                   ,
                   and
                   Sagacity
                   to
                   follow
                   and
                   pursue
                   his
                   Game
                   ,
                   deserveth
                   the
                   first
                   place
                   ;
                   for
                   such
                   are
                   the
                   conditions
                   of
                   this
                   Dog
                   as
                   a
                   Philosopher
                   observeth
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   is
                   reasonably
                   scented
                   to
                   find
                   out
                   ,
                   speedy
                   and
                   quick
                   of
                   foot
                   to
                   follow
                   ,
                   and
                   fierce
                   and
                   strong
                   to
                   take
                   and
                   overcome
                   ;
                   and
                   yet
                   silent
                   ,
                   coming
                   upon
                   his
                   Prey
                   at
                   unawares
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   observation
                   of
                   Gratius
                   :
                
              
               
                 
                   Sic
                   Canis
                   illa
                   suos
                   taciturna
                   supervenit
                   hostes
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   best
                   Grey-hound
                   hath
                   a
                   long
                   Body
                   ,
                   strong
                   ,
                   and
                   reasonable
                   great
                   ,
                   not
                   so
                   big
                   as
                   the
                   Wolf-dog
                   in
                   Ireland
                   ;
                   a
                   neat
                   sharp
                   Head
                   ,
                   and
                   splendant
                   Eyes
                   ;
                   a
                   long
                   Mouth
                   ,
                   and
                   sharp
                   Teeth
                   ;
                   little
                   Ears
                   ,
                   and
                   thin
                   Gristles
                   in
                   them
                   ;
                   a
                   straight
                   Neck
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   broad
                   and
                   strong
                   Breast
                   ;
                   his
                   fore
                   Legs
                   straight
                   and
                   short
                   ,
                   his
                   hinder
                   Legs
                   long
                   and
                   straight
                   ;
                   broad
                   Shoulders
                   ,
                   round
                   Ribs
                   ,
                   fleshy
                   Buttocks
                   ,
                   but
                   not
                   fat
                   ;
                   a
                   long
                   Tail
                   ,
                   strong
                   ,
                   and
                   full
                   of
                   Sinews
                   .
                   Thus
                   Nemesian
                   eloquently
                   describes
                   the
                   best
                   of
                   Grey-hounds
                   :
                
                 
                   
                     —
                     Sit
                     cruribus
                     altis
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Costarum
                     sub
                     fine
                     decenter
                     prona
                     carinam
                     :
                  
                   
                     Renibus
                     ampla
                     satis
                     validis
                     deductaque
                     coras
                  
                   
                     Sit
                     rigid
                     is
                     ,
                     multamque
                     gerat
                     sub
                     pectore
                     lato
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Quae
                     sensim
                     rursus
                     ficca
                     se
                     collig
                     at
                     alvo
                     :
                  
                   
                     Cuique
                     nimis
                     molles
                     fluitent
                     in
                     cursibus
                     Aures
                     .
                  
                   
                     Elige
                     tunc
                     cursu
                     facilem
                     ,
                     facilemque
                     recursu
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Dum
                     superant
                     vires
                     ,
                     dum
                     laeto
                     flore
                     juventus
                     .
                  
                
                 
                 
                   Of
                   this
                   kind
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   always
                   the
                   best
                   to
                   be
                   chosen
                   among
                   the
                   Whelps
                   ,
                   which
                   weigheth
                   lightest
                   ;
                   for
                   it
                   will
                   be
                   soonest
                   at
                   the
                   Game
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   hang
                   upon
                   it
                   ,
                   hindering
                   its
                   swiftness
                   ,
                   till
                   the
                   stronger
                   and
                   heavier
                   Dogs
                   come
                   to
                   help
                   and
                   offer
                   their
                   assistance
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   besides
                   the
                   marks
                   or
                   necessary
                   good
                   parts
                   of
                   a
                   Grey-hound
                   already
                   spoken
                   of
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   requisite
                   that
                   he
                   have
                   large
                   sides
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   broad
                   midriff
                   ,
                   that
                   so
                   he
                   may
                   take
                   his
                   breath
                   in
                   and
                   out
                   more
                   easily
                   :
                   his
                   Belly
                   must
                   be
                   small
                   ;
                   if
                   otherwise
                   ,
                   it
                   will
                   hinder
                   the
                   swiftness
                   of
                   his
                   course
                   :
                   likewise
                   he
                   must
                   have
                   long
                   Legs
                   ,
                   thin
                   and
                   soft
                   Hairs
                   .
                   And
                   these
                   must
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   lead
                   on
                   his
                   left
                   hand
                   ,
                   if
                   he
                   be
                   afoot
                   ;
                   and
                   on
                   the
                   right
                   ,
                   if
                   on
                   Horse-back
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   best
                   time
                   to
                   try
                   them
                   and
                   train
                   them
                   to
                   their
                   Game
                   ,
                   is
                   at
                   twelve
                   Months
                   old
                   ;
                   yet
                   some
                   begin
                   sooner
                   with
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   at
                   ten
                   Months
                   if
                   they
                   are
                   Males
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   eight
                   if
                   Females
                   :
                   yet
                   it
                   is
                   surest
                   not
                   to
                   strain
                   them
                   ,
                   or
                   permit
                   them
                   to
                   run
                   a
                   long
                   Course
                   ,
                   till
                   they
                   be
                   twenty
                   Moneths
                   old
                   .
                   Keep
                   them
                   also
                   in
                   the
                   Slip
                   while
                   they
                   are
                   abroad
                   ,
                   until
                   they
                   can
                   see
                   their
                   Course
                   ;
                   and
                   loosen
                   not
                   a
                   young
                   Dog
                   ,
                   until
                   the
                   Game
                   have
                   been
                   on
                   foot
                   for
                   a
                   good
                   season
                   ,
                   lest
                   being
                   over-greedy
                   of
                   the
                   Prey
                   ,
                   he
                   strain
                   his
                   limbs
                   too
                   much
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Grey-hounds
                   which
                   are
                   most
                   in
                   request
                   among
                   the
                   Germans
                   ,
                   are
                   called
                   Windspil
                   ,
                   alluding
                   to
                   compare
                   their
                   swiftness
                   with
                   the
                   Wind
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   French
                   make
                   most
                   account
                   of
                   those
                   that
                   are
                   bred
                   in
                   the
                   Mountains
                   of
                   Dalmatia
                   ,
                   or
                   in
                   any
                   other
                   Mountains
                   ,
                   especially
                   of
                   Turkie
                   ;
                   for
                   such
                   have
                   hard
                   Feet
                   ,
                   long
                   Ears
                   ,
                   and
                   bristle
                   Tails
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Grey-hound
                   (
                   called
                   by
                   the
                   Latins
                   Leporarius
                   )
                   hath
                   his
                   name
                   from
                   the
                   word
                   Gre
                   ,
                   which
                   word
                   soundeth
                   Gradus
                   in
                   Latine
                   ,
                   in
                   English
                   Degree
                   ;
                   because
                   among
                   all
                   Dogs
                   ,
                   these
                   are
                   the
                   most
                   principal
                   ,
                   having
                   the
                   chiefest
                   place
                   ,
                   and
                   being
                   simply
                   and
                   absolutely
                   the
                   best
                   of
                   the
                   gentle
                   kind
                   of
                   Hounds
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   HARRIER
                   and
                   TERRIER
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   Harrier
                   in
                   Latine
                   is
                   called
                   Leverarius
                   ,
                   or
                   Sagax
                   ;
                   by
                   the
                   Greeks
                   ,
                   Ichneuten
                   ,
                   of
                   tracing
                   or
                   chasing
                   by
                   the
                   Foot.
                   
                
                 
                   Nature
                   hath
                   endewed
                   this
                   Creature
                   with
                   an
                   admirable
                   gift
                   of
                   Smelling
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   bold
                   and
                   courageous
                   in
                   the
                   pursuit
                   of
                   his
                   Game
                   .
                   There
                   are
                   several
                   sorts
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   differ
                   in
                   their
                   Services
                   :
                   some
                   are
                   for
                   the
                   Hare
                   ,
                   the
                   Fox
                   ,
                   the
                   Wolf
                   ,
                   the
                   Hart
                   ,
                   the
                   Buck
                   ,
                   the
                   Badger
                   ,
                   the
                   Otter
                   ,
                   the
                   Polecat
                   ,
                   the
                   Weasle
                   ,
                   the
                   Coney
                   ,
                   &c.
                   some
                   for
                   one
                   thing
                   ,
                   some
                   for
                   another
                   .
                
                 
                   As
                   for
                   the
                   Coney
                   ,
                   we
                   use
                   not
                   to
                   hunt
                   ,
                   but
                   take
                   it
                   sometimes
                   with
                   a
                   Net
                   ,
                   sometimes
                   with
                   a
                   Ferret
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   with
                   a
                   Lurcher
                   or
                   Tumbler
                   .
                   Among
                   the
                   several
                   sorts
                   of
                   Harriers
                   ,
                   there
                   are
                   some
                   which
                   are
                   apt
                   to
                   hunt
                   two
                   divers
                   Beasts
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Fox
                   sometimes
                   ,
                   and
                   otherwhiles
                   the
                   Hare
                   ;
                   but
                   they
                   hunt
                   not
                   with
                   that
                   good
                   success
                   and
                   towardness
                   ,
                   who
                   stick
                   not
                   to
                   one
                   sort
                   of
                   Game
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Terrier
                   hunteth
                   the
                   Fox
                   and
                   the
                   Badger
                   or
                   Grey
                   onely
                   :
                   And
                   they
                   are
                   called
                   Terriers
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   (
                   after
                   the
                   manner
                   and
                   cusiom
                   of
                   Ferrets
                   in
                   searching
                   .
                   for
                   Coneys
                   )
                   creep
                   into
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   affright
                   ,
                   nip
                   ,
                   and
                   bite
                   the
                   Fox
                   and
                   the
                   Badger
                   ,
                   in
                   such
                   sort
                   ,
                   that
                   either
                   they
                   tear
                   them
                   in
                   pieces
                   with
                   their
                   Teeth
                   ,
                   (
                   being
                   in
                   the
                   bosome
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   )
                   or
                   else
                   hale
                   and
                   pull
                   them
                   by
                   force
                   out
                   of
                   their
                   lurking
                   Angles
                   ,
                   dark
                   Dungeons
                   ,
                   and
                   close
                   Caves
                   ;
                   or
                   at
                   the
                   least
                   ,
                   through
                   conceived
                   fear
                   ,
                   drive
                   them
                   out
                   of
                   their
                   hollow
                   Harbours
                   ,
                   insomuch
                   ,
                   if
                   they
                   are
                   not
                   taken
                   by
                   Net
                   or
                   otherwise
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   compelled
                   to
                   prepare
                   for
                   
                   flight
                   ;
                   and
                   being
                   desirous
                   of
                   the
                   next
                   ,
                   though
                   not
                   the
                   safest
                   refuge
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   oft-times
                   entrapped
                   with
                   Snares
                   and
                   Nets
                   laid
                   over
                   Holes
                   for
                   the
                   same
                   purpose
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   LEVINER
                   or
                   LYEMMER
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   Leviner
                   is
                   singular
                   in
                   Smelling
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   Swiftness
                   incomparable
                   .
                   This
                   is
                   as
                   it
                   where
                   a
                   middle
                   kinde
                   between
                   the
                   Harrier
                   and
                   the
                   Grey-Hound
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   for
                   his
                   kinde
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   frame
                   and
                   shape
                   of
                   his
                   Body
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   called
                   in
                   Latine
                   
                     Levinarius
                     ,
                     à
                     Levitate
                  
                   ,
                   of
                   lightness
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   may
                   well
                   be
                   called
                   a
                   Light-Hound
                   .
                   This
                   Dog
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   excellency
                   of
                   his
                   Conditions
                   ,
                   namely
                   ,
                   Smelling
                   ,
                   and
                   swift
                   Running
                   ,
                   doth
                   follow
                   the
                   Game
                   with
                   more
                   eagerness
                   ,
                   and
                   taketh
                   the
                   Prey
                   with
                   a
                   jolly
                   quickness
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   TUMBLER
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   word
                   Tumbler
                   undoubtedly
                   had
                   its
                   derivation
                   from
                   the
                   French
                   word
                   Tumbier
                   ,
                   which
                   signifies
                   to
                   Tumble
                   ;
                   to
                   which
                   the
                   Latine
                   name
                   agrees
                   ,
                   Vertagus
                   ,
                   from
                   Vertere
                   to
                   turn
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   they
                   do
                   :
                   for
                   in
                   Hunting
                   they
                   turn
                   and
                   tumble
                   ,
                   winding
                   their
                   Bodies
                   about
                   circularly
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   fiercely
                   and
                   violently
                   venturing
                   on
                   the
                   Beast
                   ,
                   do
                   suddenly
                   gripe
                   it
                   at
                   the
                   very
                   entrance
                   or
                   mouth
                   of
                   their
                   Holes
                   or
                   Receptacles
                   ,
                   before
                   they
                   can
                   make
                   any
                   recovery
                   of
                   self-security
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Dog
                   useth
                   another
                   craft
                   and
                   subtilty
                   ,
                   namely
                   ,
                   
                   when
                   he
                   runneth
                   into
                   a
                   Warren
                   ,
                   or
                   fetcheth
                   a
                   course
                   about
                   a
                   
                   Coney-borough
                   ,
                   he
                   hunts
                   not
                   after
                   them
                   ,
                   he
                   no
                   ways
                   affrights
                   them
                   ,
                   he
                   shews
                   no
                   spight
                   against
                   them
                   ;
                   but
                   dissembling
                   friendship
                   ,
                   and
                   pretending
                   favour
                   ,
                   passeth
                   by
                   with
                   silence
                   and
                   quietness
                   ,
                   marking
                   their
                   Holes
                   diligently
                   ,
                   wherein
                   he
                   seldom
                   is
                   deceived
                   .
                   When
                   he
                   cometh
                   to
                   a
                   place
                   where
                   there
                   is
                   a
                   certainty
                   of
                   Coneys
                   ,
                   he
                   coucheth
                   down
                   close
                   with
                   his
                   Belly
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   provided
                   always
                   by
                   his
                   Skill
                   and
                   Policy
                   that
                   the
                   Wind
                   be
                   against
                   him
                   in
                   that
                   Enterprize
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   the
                   Coneys
                   ,
                   discover
                   him
                   not
                   where
                   he
                   lurketh
                   ;
                   by
                   which
                   means
                   he
                   gets
                   the
                   benefit
                   of
                   the
                   scent
                   of
                   the
                   Coneys
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   carried
                   to
                   him
                   by
                   the
                   Wind
                   and
                   Air
                   ,
                   either
                   going
                   to
                   their
                   Holes
                   ,
                   or
                   coming
                   out
                   ,
                   either
                   passing
                   this
                   way
                   ,
                   or
                   running
                   that
                   way
                   ;
                   and
                   so
                   ordereth
                   the
                   business
                   by
                   his
                   circumspection
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   silly
                   Coney
                   is
                   debarred
                   quite
                   from
                   his
                   Hole
                   ,
                   (
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   Haven
                   of
                   their
                   hope
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Harbour
                   of
                   their
                   safety
                   )
                   and
                   fraudulently
                   circumvented
                   and
                   taken
                   before
                   they
                   can
                   get
                   the
                   advantage
                   of
                   their
                   Holes
                   .
                   Thus
                   having
                   caught
                   his
                   Prey
                   ,
                   he
                   carrieth
                   it
                   speedily
                   to
                   his
                   Master
                   ,
                   waiting
                   his
                   Dogs
                   return
                   in
                   some
                   convenient
                   lurking
                   corner
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   Dogs
                   are
                   somewhat
                   lesser
                   than
                   the
                   Hounds
                   being
                   lanker
                   ,
                   leaner
                   ,
                   and
                   somewhat
                   prick-ear'd
                   .
                   By
                   the
                   form
                   and
                   fashion
                   of
                   their
                   Bodies
                   they
                   may
                   be
                   justly
                   called
                   Mungrel-Grey-hounds
                   ,
                   if
                   they
                   were
                   somewhat
                   bigger
                   .
                   But
                   notwithstanding
                   they
                   countervail
                   not
                   the
                   Grey-hound
                   in
                   greatness
                   ,
                   yet
                   will
                   he
                   take
                   in
                   one
                   days
                   space
                   as
                   many
                   Coneys
                   as
                   shall
                   arise
                   to
                   as
                   big
                   a
                   burthen
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   heavy
                   a
                   load
                   as
                   a
                   Horse
                   can
                   cary
                   :
                   For
                   Craft
                   and
                   Subtilty
                   are
                   the
                   Instruments
                   whereby
                   he
                   maketh
                   this
                   spoil
                   ,
                   which
                   pernicious
                   properties
                   supply
                   the
                   places
                   of
                   more
                   commendable
                   qualities
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   this
                   suffice
                   for
                   a
                   taste
                   :
                   now
                   ,
                   after
                   such
                   Dogs
                   as
                   serve
                   Hunting
                   ,
                   will
                   follow
                   such
                   as
                   serve
                   for
                   Hawking
                   
                   and
                   Fowling
                   ;
                   among
                   which
                   ,
                   the
                   principal
                   and
                   chiefest
                   is
                   the
                   Spaniel
                   ,
                   called
                   in
                   Latine
                   Hispaniolus
                   ,
                   borrowing
                   his
                   name
                   from
                   Hispania
                   ;
                   wherein
                   we
                   English-men
                   ,
                   not
                   pronouncing
                   the
                   Aspiration
                   H
                   ,
                   nor
                   the
                   Vowel
                   I
                   ,
                   for
                   quickness
                   and
                   readiness
                   of
                   speech
                   ,
                   say
                   ,
                   Spaniel
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   SPANIEL
                   .
                
                 
                   THere
                   are
                   two
                   sorts
                   of
                   Dogs
                   which
                   necessarily
                   serve
                   for
                   Fowling
                   .
                   The
                   first
                   findeth
                   Game
                   on
                   the
                   Land
                   ,
                   the
                   other
                   on
                   the
                   Water
                   .
                   Such
                   as
                   delight
                   on
                   the
                   Land
                   ,
                   play
                   their
                   parts
                   either
                   by
                   swiftness
                   of
                   foot
                   ,
                   or
                   by
                   often
                   questing
                   to
                   search
                   out
                   and
                   to
                   spring
                   the
                   Bird
                   for
                   further
                   hope
                   of
                   reward
                   ,
                   or
                   else
                   by
                   some
                   secret
                   signe
                   and
                   privy
                   token
                   ,
                   discover
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   they
                   fall
                   .
                   The
                   first
                   kinde
                   of
                   such
                   serve
                   the
                   Hawk
                   ;
                   the
                   second
                   ,
                   the
                   Net
                   or
                   Train
                   .
                   The
                   first
                   kinde
                   have
                   no
                   peculiar
                   names
                   assigned
                   them
                   ,
                   except
                   they
                   are
                   named
                   after
                   the
                   Bird
                   which
                   by
                   natural
                   appointment
                   he
                   is
                   allotted
                   to
                   take
                   ;
                   for
                   which
                   consideration
                   ,
                   some
                   are
                   called
                   Dogs
                   for
                   the
                   Falcon
                   ,
                   the
                   Pheasant
                   ,
                   the
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   and
                   such-like
                   :
                   they
                   are
                   commonly
                   called
                   by
                   one
                   name
                   ,
                   
                     viz.
                     Spaniels
                  
                   ,
                   as
                   if
                   they
                   originally
                   came
                   from
                   Spain
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Spaniel
                   ,
                   whose
                   service
                   is
                   required
                   in
                   Fowling
                   on
                   the
                   Water
                   ,
                   partly
                   through
                   natural
                   inclination
                   ,
                   and
                   partly
                   by
                   diligently
                   teaching
                   ,
                   is
                   properly
                   called
                   Aquaticus
                   ,
                   as
                   Water-Spaniel
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   hath
                   usual
                   recourse
                   to
                   the
                   Water
                   ,
                   where
                   all
                   his
                   Game
                   lieth
                   ,
                   namely
                   ,
                   Water-fowl
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   taken
                   by
                   their
                   help
                   in
                   their
                   kind
                   .
                
                 
                   His
                   size
                   is
                   somewhat
                   big
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   a
                   measurable
                   greatness
                   ,
                   having
                   long
                   ,
                   rough
                   ,
                   and
                   curled
                   Hair
                   ,
                   which
                   
                   must
                   be
                   clipt
                   in
                   due
                   season
                   :
                   for
                   by
                   lessening
                   that
                   superfluity
                   of
                   Hair
                   ,
                   they
                   become
                   more
                   light
                   and
                   swist
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   less
                   hindred
                   in
                   swimming
                   .
                   Ducks
                   and
                   Drakes
                   are
                   his
                   principal
                   Game
                   ;
                   whereupon
                   he
                   is
                   likewise
                   named
                   a
                   Dog
                   for
                   a
                   Duck
                   ,
                   because
                   in
                   that
                   quality
                   he
                   is
                   excellent
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   WHITE-HOUND
                   .
                
                 
                   THose
                   Hounds
                   which
                   are
                   all
                   of
                   one
                   colour
                   ,
                   as
                   all
                   white
                   ,
                   are
                   the
                   best
                   Hounds
                   ;
                   in
                   like
                   manner
                   those
                   which
                   are
                   spotted
                   with
                   red
                   :
                   but
                   those
                   which
                   are
                   spotted
                   with
                   a
                   dun
                   colour
                   ,
                   are
                   of
                   little
                   value
                   ,
                   being
                   faint-hearted
                   ,
                   and
                   cannot
                   endure
                   much
                   labour
                   .
                   But
                   should
                   they
                   happen
                   to
                   be
                   whelpt
                   coal-black
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   but
                   seldom
                   ,
                   they
                   commonly
                   prove
                   incomparable
                   Hounds
                   .
                   But
                   if
                   white
                   Hounds
                   are
                   spotted
                   with
                   black
                   ,
                   experience
                   tells
                   us
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   never
                   the
                   best
                   Hare-hunters
                   .
                   White
                   ,
                   and
                   black
                   and
                   white
                   ,
                   and
                   grey
                   streak'd
                   white
                   ,
                   are
                   also
                   the
                   most
                   beautiful
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   FALLOW-HOUNDS
                   .
                
                 
                   THey
                   are
                   hardy
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   good
                   scent
                   ,
                   keeping
                   well
                   their
                   Chase
                   without
                   change
                   ;
                   but
                   not
                   so
                   swift
                   as
                   the
                   white
                   .
                   They
                   are
                   of
                   a
                   strong
                   constitution
                   ,
                   and
                   do
                   not
                   fear
                   the
                   Water
                   ;
                   running
                   surely
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   very
                   hardy
                   ,
                   commonly
                   loving
                   the
                   Hart
                   beyond
                   any
                   other
                   Chase.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   best
                   complexion
                   for
                   these
                   Fallow-Hounds
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   
                   lively
                   red
                   ,
                   and
                   such
                   as
                   have
                   a
                   white
                   spot
                   in
                   their
                   Forehead
                   ,
                   or
                   have
                   a
                   Ring
                   about
                   their
                   Neck
                   :
                   but
                   those
                   which
                   are
                   yellowish
                   ,
                   and
                   spotted
                   with
                   black
                   or
                   dun
                   ,
                   are
                   of
                   little
                   estimation
                   .
                   Those
                   which
                   are
                   well
                   joynted
                   ,
                   having
                   good
                   Claws
                   ,
                   are
                   fit
                   to
                   make
                   Blood-hounds
                   :
                   and
                   those
                   which
                   have
                   shagged
                   Tails
                   ,
                   are
                   generally
                   swift
                   runners
                   .
                   These
                   Hounds
                   are
                   fitter
                   for
                   Princes
                   than
                   private
                   Gentlemen
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   seldom
                   run
                   more
                   than
                   one
                   Chace
                   ;
                   neither
                   have
                   they
                   any
                   great
                   stomack
                   to
                   the
                   Hare
                   or
                   other
                   small
                   Chases
                   :
                   and
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   worst
                   of
                   all
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   apt
                   to
                   run
                   at
                   tame
                   Beasts
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   DUN-HOUND
                   .
                
                 
                   THese
                   are
                   good
                   for
                   all
                   Chases
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   of
                   general
                   use
                   .
                   The
                   best
                   coloured
                   are
                   such
                   as
                   are
                   dun
                   on
                   the
                   Back
                   ,
                   having
                   their
                   four
                   quarters
                   tann'd
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   the
                   complexion
                   of
                   a
                   Hare's
                   Legs
                   :
                   But
                   if
                   the
                   Hair
                   on
                   the
                   Back
                   be
                   black
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   Legs
                   freckled
                   with
                   red
                   and
                   black
                   ,
                   they
                   then
                   usually
                   prove
                   excellent
                   Hounds
                   :
                   and
                   indeed
                   there
                   are
                   few
                   dun-coloured
                   to
                   be
                   found
                   bad
                   ;
                   the
                   worst
                   of
                   them
                   are
                   such
                   whose
                   Legs
                   are
                   of
                   a
                   whitish
                   colour
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   wonderful
                   ,
                   in
                   these
                   creatures
                   ,
                   to
                   observe
                   how
                   much
                   they
                   stick
                   upon
                   the
                   knowledge
                   of
                   their
                   Master
                   ,
                   especially
                   his
                   Voice
                   ,
                   and
                   Horn
                   ,
                   and
                   none's
                   else
                   .
                   Nay
                   ,
                   farther
                   ,
                   they
                   know
                   the
                   distinct
                   Voices
                   of
                   their
                   Fellows
                   ,
                   and
                   do
                   know
                   who
                   are
                   Babblers
                   and
                   Liars
                   ,
                   and
                   who
                   not
                   ;
                   and
                   will
                   follow
                   the
                   one
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   the
                   other
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   for
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   the
                   West-country
                   ,
                   Cheshire
                   ,
                   and
                   Lancashire
                   ,
                   with
                   other
                   Wood-land
                   and
                   Mountainous
                   Countries
                   ,
                   breed
                   our
                   Slow-hound
                   ;
                   which
                   is
                   a
                   large
                   great
                   Dog
                   ,
                   tall
                   and
                   heavy
                   .
                   
                     Worcester-shire
                     ,
                     Bedford-shire
                  
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   many
                   well-mixt
                   soils
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   Champaign
                   and
                   Covert
                   are
                   of
                   equal
                   largeness
                   ,
                   produce
                   a
                   middle-sized
                   Dog
                   ,
                   of
                   a
                   more
                   nimble
                   composure
                   than
                   the
                   former
                   .
                   Lastly
                   ,
                   the
                   North-parts
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     York-shire
                     ,
                     Cumberland
                     ,
                     Northumberland
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   many
                   other
                   plain
                   Champaign
                   Countries
                   ,
                   breed
                   the
                   Light
                   ,
                   Nimble
                   ,
                   Swift
                   ,
                   Slender
                   ,
                   Fleet
                   Hound
                   .
                   After
                   all
                   these
                   ,
                   the
                   little
                   Beagle
                   is
                   attributed
                   to
                   our
                   Country
                   ;
                   this
                   is
                   that
                   Hound
                   ,
                   which
                   in
                   Latine
                   is
                   called
                   
                     Canis
                     Agasaeus
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   Gaze-hound
                   .
                   Besides
                   our
                   Mastiff
                   ,
                   which
                   seems
                   to
                   be
                   an
                   Indigena
                   ,
                   or
                   Native
                   of
                   England
                   ,
                   we
                   train
                   up
                   most
                   excellent
                   Grey-hounds
                   (
                   which
                   seem
                   to
                   have
                   been
                   brought
                   hither
                   by
                   the
                   Galls
                   )
                   in
                   our
                   open
                   Champaigns
                   .
                   All
                   these
                   Dogs
                   have
                   deserved
                   to
                   be
                   famous
                   in
                   adjacent
                   and
                   remote
                   Countries
                   ,
                   whither
                   they
                   are
                   sent
                   for
                   great
                   rarities
                   ,
                   and
                   ambitiously
                   sought
                   for
                   by
                   their
                   Lords
                   and
                   Princes
                   ;
                   although
                   onely
                   the
                   fighting
                   Dogs
                   seem
                   to
                   have
                   been
                   known
                   to
                   the
                   antient
                   Authors
                   ;
                   and
                   perhaps
                   in
                   that
                   Age
                   Hunting
                   was
                   not
                   so
                   much
                   cultivated
                   by
                   our
                   own
                   Countreymen
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   marks
                   of
                   a
                   good
                   and
                   fair
                   Hound
                   .
                
                 
                   His
                   Head
                   ought
                   to
                   be
                   of
                   a
                   middle
                   proportion
                   ,
                   rather
                   long
                   than
                   round
                   ;
                   his
                   Nostrils
                   wide
                   ;
                   his
                   Ears
                   large
                   ;
                   his
                   Back
                   bowed
                   ;
                   the
                   Fillets
                   great
                   ;
                   the
                   Haunches
                   large
                   ;
                   the
                   Thighs
                   well
                   trussed
                   ;
                   the
                   Ham
                   straight
                   ;
                   the
                   Tail
                   big
                   near
                   the
                   Reins
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   rest
                   slender
                   to
                   the
                   end
                   ;
                   the
                   Leg
                   big
                   ;
                   the
                   Soal
                   of
                   the
                   Foot
                   dry
                   ,
                   and
                   formed
                   like
                   a
                   Fox's
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   Claws
                   great
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Election
                   of
                   a
                   Dog
                   and
                   Bitch
                   for
                   good
                   Whelps
                   .
                
                 
                   Your
                   Bitch
                   must
                   come
                   of
                   a
                   good
                   kind
                   ,
                   being
                   strong
                   ,
                   and
                   well
                   proportioned
                   in
                   all
                   parts
                   ,
                   having
                   her
                   Ribs
                   and
                   Flanks
                   great
                   and
                   large
                   .
                   Let
                   the
                   Dog
                   that
                   lines
                   her
                   be
                   of
                   a
                   good
                   fair
                   breed
                   ;
                   and
                   let
                   him
                   be
                   young
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   have
                   light
                   and
                   hot
                   Hounds
                   :
                   for
                   if
                   the
                   Dog
                   be
                   old
                   ,
                   the
                   Whelps
                   will
                   participate
                   of
                   his
                   Dull
                   and
                   heavy
                   nature
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   your
                   Bitch
                   grow
                   not
                   naturally
                   Proud
                   so
                   soon
                   as
                   you
                   would
                   have
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   make
                   her
                   so
                   ,
                   by
                   taking
                   two
                   heads
                   of
                   Garlick
                   ,
                   half
                   a
                   Gastor's
                   Stone
                   ,
                   the
                   juice
                   of
                   Cresses
                   ,
                   and
                   about
                   twelve
                   Spanish
                   Flies
                   ,
                   or
                   Cantharides
                   :
                   boil
                   these
                   together
                   in
                   a
                   Pipkin
                   which
                   holds
                   a
                   pint
                   ,
                   with
                   some
                   Mutton
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   Broth
                   thereof
                   ;
                   and
                   of
                   this
                   give
                   to
                   the
                   Bitch
                   twice
                   or
                   thrice
                   ,
                   and
                   she
                   will
                   infallibly
                   grow
                   proud
                   .
                   The
                   same
                   Pottage
                   given
                   to
                   the
                   Dog
                   ,
                   will
                   make
                   him
                   desirous
                   of
                   copulation
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   your
                   Bitch
                   is
                   lined
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   Puppy
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   not
                   let
                   her
                   hunt
                   ,
                   for
                   that
                   will
                   be
                   the
                   way
                   to
                   make
                   her
                   cast
                   her
                   Whelps
                   ;
                   but
                   let
                   her
                   unconfined
                   walk
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   in
                   the
                   House
                   and
                   Court
                   ,
                   and
                   never
                   lock
                   her
                   up
                   in
                   her
                   Kennel
                   ;
                   for
                   she
                   is
                   then
                   impatient
                   of
                   food
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   you
                   must
                   make
                   her
                   some
                   hot
                   Broth
                   once
                   a
                   day
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   would
                   spay
                   your
                   Bitch
                   ,
                   it
                   must
                   be
                   done
                   before
                   she
                   ever
                   had
                   Litter
                   of
                   Whelps
                   :
                   And
                   in
                   spaying
                   her
                   ,
                   take
                   not
                   away
                   all
                   the
                   Roots
                   or
                   Strings
                   of
                   the
                   Veins
                   ;
                   for
                   if
                   you
                   do
                   ,
                   it
                   will
                   much
                   prejudice
                   her
                   Reins
                   ,
                   and
                   hinder
                   her
                   swiftness
                   ever
                   after
                   :
                   but
                   by
                   leaving
                   some
                   behinde
                   ,
                   it
                   will
                   make
                   her
                   much
                   the
                   stronger
                   and
                   more
                   hardy
                   .
                   Whatever
                   you
                   do
                   ,
                   spay
                   her
                   not
                   when
                   she
                   is
                   proud
                   ;
                   for
                   that
                   will
                   endanger
                   her
                   life
                   :
                   but
                   you
                   may
                   do
                   
                   it
                   fifteen
                   days
                   after
                   .
                   But
                   the
                   best
                   time
                   of
                   all
                   is
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   Whelps
                   are
                   shaped
                   within
                   her
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   enter
                   young
                   Hounds
                   to
                   Hunt
                   the
                   Hart
                   ;
                   and
                   what
                   Quarries
                   and
                   Rewards
                   you
                   shall
                   give
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   first
                   taught
                   your
                   Hounds
                   to
                   know
                   your
                   Hallow
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   sound
                   of
                   your
                   Horn
                   ,
                   then
                   ,
                   about
                   eighteen
                   months
                   old
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   lead
                   them
                   once
                   a
                   Week
                   into
                   the
                   fields
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   oftner
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   best
                   manner
                   to
                   teach
                   your
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   take
                   a
                   live
                   Hare
                   ,
                   and
                   trail
                   her
                   after
                   you
                   upon
                   the
                   Earth
                   now
                   one
                   way
                   ,
                   now
                   another
                   ;
                   and
                   so
                   ,
                   having
                   drawn
                   i●
                   a
                   convenient
                   space
                   ,
                   hide
                   it
                   in
                   the
                   Earth
                   :
                   afterward
                   se●
                   forth
                   your
                   Hound
                   near
                   the
                   Trail
                   ,
                   who
                   taking
                   Wind
                   runneth
                   to
                   and
                   fro
                   near
                   the
                   Woods
                   ,
                   Fields
                   ,
                   PAstures
                   ,
                   Path-ways
                   ,
                   and
                   Hedges
                   ,
                   until
                   he
                   find
                   which
                   way
                   th●
                   Hare
                   is
                   gone
                   ;
                   but
                   with
                   a
                   soft
                   and
                   gentle
                   pace
                   ,
                   until
                   at
                   length
                   coming
                   near
                   the
                   lodged
                   Hare
                   ,
                   he
                   mendeth
                   his
                   pace
                   ,
                   and
                   bestirreth
                   himself
                   more
                   speedily
                   ,
                   leaping
                   o●
                   his
                   Prey
                   ,
                   and
                   killing
                   it
                   ,
                   loadeth
                   himself
                   with
                   his
                   conquest
                   and
                   bringing
                   it
                   to
                   his
                   Master
                   with
                   Triumph
                   ,
                   h●
                   must
                   receive
                   both
                   Dog
                   and
                   it
                   with
                   all
                   tokens
                   of
                   love
                   i●
                   to
                   his
                   Bosom
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   hunt
                   ,
                   let
                   your
                   Hart
                   be
                   in
                   prime
                   of
                   grea●●
                   for
                   then
                   he
                   is
                   heavier
                   than
                   in
                   April
                   or
                   May
                   ,
                   and
                   cann●●
                   stand
                   up
                   so
                   long
                   .
                
                 
                   Then
                   chuse
                   your
                   Forest
                   wherein
                   the
                   Relays
                   are
                   〈◊〉
                   equal
                   proportion
                   :
                   then
                   place
                   all
                   your
                   young
                   Houn●●
                   with
                   five
                   or
                   fix
                   old
                   to
                   enter
                   them
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   lead
                   the●
                   to
                   the
                   farthest
                   and
                   last
                   Relay
                   ,
                   and
                   cause
                   the
                   Hart
                   to
                   〈◊〉
                   hunted
                   unto
                   them
                   .
                   Being
                   come
                   up
                   ,
                   uncouple
                   your
                   o●●
                   Hounds
                   ;
                   and
                   having
                   found
                   the
                   Track
                   of
                   the
                   Hart
                   ,
                   bein●
                   well
                   entred
                   in
                   cry
                   ,
                   uncouple
                   likewise
                   your
                   young
                   Hound●
                   
                   and
                   if
                   you
                   find
                   any
                   of
                   them
                   lag
                   behinde
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   beat
                   or
                   whip
                   them
                   forward
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   what
                   place
                   soever
                   you
                   kill
                   the
                   Hart
                   ,
                   immediately
                   flay
                   his
                   Neck
                   ,
                   and
                   reward
                   your
                   Hounds
                   :
                   for
                   it
                   is
                   best
                   whilst
                   it
                   is
                   hot
                   so
                   to
                   do
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   several
                   ways
                   of
                   entring
                   Hounds
                   .
                   As
                   first
                   ,
                   by
                   taking
                   a
                   Hart
                   in
                   Nets
                   ,
                   and
                   after
                   you
                   have
                   cut
                   off
                   one
                   of
                   his
                   Feet
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   go
                   :
                   a
                   quarter
                   of
                   an
                   hour
                   after
                   ,
                   assemble
                   your
                   young
                   Hounds
                   ;
                   and
                   having
                   found
                   out
                   the
                   View
                   or
                   Slot
                   of
                   the
                   Hart
                   or
                   Buck
                   by
                   your
                   Blood-hounds
                   ,
                   uncouple
                   your
                   young
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   them
                   hunt
                   .
                   Secondly
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   bring
                   them
                   to
                   quarry
                   ,
                   by
                   taking
                   half
                   a
                   dozen
                   Huntsmen
                   ,
                   swift
                   of
                   foot
                   ,
                   each
                   whereof
                   shall
                   have
                   two
                   couple
                   to
                   lead
                   in
                   Liams
                   ;
                   and
                   having
                   unlodg'd
                   the
                   Hart
                   ,
                   pursue
                   him
                   fair
                   and
                   softly
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   you
                   tire
                   not
                   too
                   much
                   your
                   young
                   Hounds
                   .
                   After
                   the
                   Hart
                   hath
                   ran
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   hours
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   you
                   find
                   he
                   begins
                   to
                   sink
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   then
                   cast
                   off
                   your
                   young
                   Hounds
                   :
                   but
                   beware
                   it
                   be
                   not
                   when
                   he
                   is
                   at
                   Bay
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Head
                   full
                   summed
                   ;
                   for
                   so
                   you
                   may
                   endanger
                   the
                   lives
                   of
                   your
                   Hounds
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   the
                   best
                   way
                   of
                   entring
                   Hounds
                   is
                   at
                   the
                   Hare
                   ;
                   for
                   thereby
                   they
                   will
                   learn
                   all
                   Doubles
                   and
                   Turns
                   ,
                   better
                   know
                   the
                   Hallow
                   ,
                   will
                   be
                   more
                   tender-nosed
                   ,
                   and
                   better
                   scented
                   ,
                   by
                   using
                   the
                   beaten
                   ways
                   and
                   Champion
                   grounds
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   with
                   whatsoever
                   you
                   first
                   enter
                   your
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   and
                   therewith
                   reward
                   them
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   ever
                   after
                   love
                   that
                   most
                   .
                   Wherefore
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   intend
                   them
                   for
                   the
                   Hart
                   ,
                   enter
                   them
                   not
                   first
                   with
                   the
                   Hinde
                   .
                   And
                   for
                   the
                   better
                   hunting
                   the
                   Hart
                   ,
                   enter
                   not
                   your
                   young
                   Hounds
                   within
                   a
                   Toil
                   ;
                   for
                   there
                   a
                   Hart
                   doth
                   nothing
                   but
                   turn
                   and
                   cast
                   about
                   ,
                   since
                   he
                   cannot
                   run
                   end-long
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   they
                   are
                   always
                   in
                   sight
                   of
                   him
                   .
                   If
                   then
                   afterwards
                   you
                   should
                   run
                   him
                   at
                   force
                   out
                   of
                   a
                   Toil
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   length
                   ,
                   and
                   out
                   of
                   sight
                   ,
                   you
                   will
                   find
                   the
                   Hounds
                   to
                   give
                   him
                   over
                   quickly
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Lastly
                   ,
                   enter
                   not
                   your
                   Hounds
                   nor
                   teach
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   Morning
                   ;
                   for
                   if
                   so
                   ,
                   you
                   will
                   find
                   them
                   apt
                   to
                   give
                   over
                   in
                   the
                   heat
                   of
                   the
                   day
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 COURSING
                 with
                 Grey-Hounds
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 Need
                 not
                 declare
                 the
                 Excellencies
                 which
                 are
                 contained
                 in
                 the
                 noble
                 and
                 worthy
                 Exercise
                 of
                 Coursing
                 with
                 Grey-hounds
                 ,
                 since
                 it
                 is
                 so
                 well
                 known
                 to
                 all
                 Gentlemen
                 who
                 take
                 delight
                 in
                 this
                 pleasant
                 and
                 healthy
                 Pastime
                 :
                 I
                 shall
                 therefore
                 onely
                 insist
                 upon
                 the
                 breed
                 of
                 Grey-hounds
                 ,
                 their
                 Shape
                 ,
                 their
                 Diet
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Laws
                 belonging
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 ,
                 according
                 as
                 they
                 were
                 commanded
                 ,
                 allowed
                 ,
                 and
                 subscribed
                 by
                 the
                 Duke
                 of
                 Norfolk
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Reign
                 of
                 Queen
                 Elizabeth
                 .
              
               
                 First
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 Breeding
                 of
                 Grey-Hounds
                 ,
                 in
                 this
                 you
                 must
                 have
                 respect
                 to
                 the
                 Country
                 ,
                 which
                 should
                 be
                 Champain
                 ,
                 Plain
                 ,
                 or
                 high
                 Downs
                 .
                 The
                 best
                 Valleys
                 are
                 those
                 of
                 
                   Belvoir
                   ,
                   White-horse
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Evesholm
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 where
                 there
                 are
                 no
                 Coverts
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 a
                 Hare
                 may
                 stand
                 forth
                 and
                 endure
                 a
                 Course
                 of
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 miles
                 :
                 as
                 for
                 high
                 Downs
                 or
                 Heaths
                 ,
                 the
                 best
                 are
                 about
                 
                   Marlborough
                   ,
                   Salisbury
                   ,
                   Cirencester
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Lincoln
                 .
              
               
                 Though
                 these
                 places
                 are
                 very
                 commodious
                 for
                 the
                 breeding
                 and
                 training
                 up
                 of
                 Grey-Hounds
                 ;
                 yet
                 ,
                 in
                 my
                 opinion
                 ,
                 the
                 middle
                 ,
                 or
                 most
                 part
                 arable
                 grounds
                 are
                 the
                 best
                 :
                 and
                 yet
                 those
                 Gentlemen
                 who
                 dwell
                 on
                 Downs
                 or
                 plain
                 grounds
                 ,
                 to
                 keep
                 up
                 the
                 reputation
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 affirm
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 are
                 more
                 nimble
                 and
                 cunning
                 in
                 turning
                 than
                 the
                 Vale-Dogs
                 are
                 and
                 Mr.
                 Markham
                 confesseth
                 that
                 he
                 hath
                 seen
                 a
                 Vale-Dog
                 so
                 much
                 deceived
                 ,
                 that
                 upon
                 a
                 turn
                 he
                 hath
                 
                 lost
                 more
                 ground
                 than
                 hath
                 been
                 recoverable
                 in
                 the
                 whole
                 Course
                 after
                 :
                 however
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 little
                 care
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 short
                 time
                 this
                 errour
                 may
                 be
                 rectified
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 you
                 will
                 experimentally
                 find
                 
                   The
                   good
                   Dogs
                   upon
                   the
                   Deeps
                   will
                   ever
                   beat
                   the
                   good
                   Dogs
                   upon
                   the
                   Plains
                   .
                
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 a
                 received
                 opinion
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Grey-hound-Bitch
                 will
                 beat
                 the
                 Grey-hound-Dog
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 the
                 excelleth
                 him
                 in
                 nimbleness
                 :
                 but
                 if
                 you
                 consider
                 that
                 the
                 Dog
                 is
                 longer
                 and
                 stronger
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 look
                 upon
                 that
                 opinion
                 no
                 more
                 than
                 as
                 a
                 vulgar
                 errour
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 note
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 breeding
                 of
                 your
                 Grey-hounds
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 best
                 Dog
                 upon
                 an
                 indifferent
                 Bitch
                 ,
                 will
                 not
                 get
                 so
                 good
                 a
                 Whelp
                 as
                 an
                 indifferent
                 Dog
                 upon
                 the
                 best
                 Bitch
                 .
              
               
                 Observe
                 this
                 in
                 general
                 as
                 to
                 breeding
                 ,
                 let
                 your
                 Dogs
                 and
                 Bitches
                 ,
                 as
                 near
                 as
                 you
                 can
                 ,
                 be
                 of
                 an
                 equal
                 age
                 ,
                 not
                 exceeding
                 four
                 years
                 old
                 :
                 however
                 ,
                 to
                 breed
                 with
                 a
                 young
                 Dog
                 and
                 an
                 old
                 Bitch
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 the
                 means
                 of
                 producing
                 excellent
                 Whelps
                 ,
                 the
                 goodness
                 whereof
                 you
                 shall
                 know
                 by
                 their
                 Shapes
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 they
                 are
                 raw-bon'd
                 ,
                 lean
                 ,
                 loose-made
                 ,
                 sickle
                 or
                 crooked-hough'd
                 ,
                 and
                 generally
                 unknit
                 in
                 every
                 Member
                 ;
                 these
                 are
                 the
                 proper
                 marks
                 of
                 excellent
                 shape
                 and
                 goodness
                 :
                 but
                 if
                 after
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 months
                 they
                 appear
                 round
                 and
                 close-trust
                 ,
                 fat
                 ,
                 straight
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 full
                 summed
                 and
                 knit
                 in
                 every
                 Member
                 ,
                 they
                 never
                 prove
                 good
                 ,
                 swift
                 ,
                 nor
                 comely
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 goodness
                 of
                 shape
                 in
                 a
                 Grey-hound
                 after
                 a
                 year
                 and
                 a
                 half
                 old
                 ,
                 is
                 this
                 :
                 his
                 Head
                 must
                 be
                 lean
                 and
                 long
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 sharp
                 Nose
                 ,
                 rush-grown
                 from
                 the
                 Eye
                 downward
                 ;
                 a
                 full
                 clear
                 Eye
                 ,
                 with
                 long
                 Eye-lids
                 ;
                 a
                 sharp
                 Ear
                 ,
                 short
                 and
                 close
                 falling
                 ;
                 a
                 long
                 Neck
                 a
                 little
                 bending
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 loose
                 hanging
                 Weasand
                 ;
                 a
                 broad
                 Breast
                 ,
                 straight
                 Fore-legs
                 ,
                 hollow
                 Side
                 ,
                 straight
                 Ribs
                 ;
                 a
                 square
                 slat
                 Back
                 ,
                 short
                 and
                 strong
                 Fillets
                 ,
                 a
                 broad
                 space
                 between
                 the
                 Hips
                 ,
                 a
                 strong
                 Stern
                 or
                 Tail
                 ,
                 a
                 round
                 Foot
                 ,
                 and
                 good
                 large
                 Clefts
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 Dieting
                 of
                 Grey-Hounds
                 consists
                 in
                 these
                 four
                 things
                 :
                 
                   Food
                   ,
                   Exercise
                   ,
                   Airing
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Kennelling
                 .
              
               
                 Food
                 of
                 a
                 Grey-hound
                 is
                 two
                 fold
                 :
                 general
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 the
                 maintaining
                 of
                 a
                 Dog
                 in
                 good
                 bodily
                 condition
                 ;
                 and
                 particular
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Dog
                 is
                 dieted
                 for
                 a
                 Wager
                 ,
                 or
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 for
                 some
                 Distemper
                 he
                 is
                 afflicted
                 with
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Grey-hound's
                 general
                 Food
                 ought
                 to
                 be
                 Chippings
                 ,
                 Crusts
                 of
                 Bread
                 ,
                 soft
                 Bones
                 and
                 Gristles
                 .
                 Your
                 Chippings
                 ought
                 to
                 be
                 scalded
                 in
                 Beef
                 ,
                 Mutton
                 ,
                 Veal
                 or
                 Venison-Broth
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 it
                 is
                 indifferent
                 cool
                 ,
                 then
                 make
                 your
                 Bread
                 onely
                 float
                 with
                 good
                 Milk
                 ,
                 and
                 give
                 it
                 your
                 Grey-hounds
                 Morning
                 and
                 Evening
                 ;
                 and
                 this
                 will
                 keep
                 them
                 in
                 good
                 state
                 of
                 body
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 if
                 your
                 Dog
                 be
                 poor
                 ,
                 sickly
                 ,
                 and
                 weak
                 ,
                 then
                 take
                 Sheeps-heads
                 ,
                 Wool
                 and
                 all
                 ,
                 clean
                 wash'd
                 ,
                 and
                 having
                 broken
                 them
                 to
                 pieces
                 ,
                 put
                 them
                 into
                 a
                 Pot
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 it
                 boils
                 ,
                 scum
                 the
                 Pot
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 therein
                 good
                 store
                 of
                 Oatmeal
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 Herbs
                 as
                 Pottage
                 is
                 usually
                 made
                 of
                 ;
                 boil
                 these
                 till
                 the
                 Flesh
                 be
                 very
                 tender
                 :
                 then
                 with
                 the
                 Meat
                 and
                 Broth
                 feed
                 your
                 Dogs
                 Morning
                 and
                 Evening
                 ,
                 and
                 it
                 will
                 recover
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 designe
                 your
                 Grey-Hound
                 for
                 a
                 Wager
                 ,
                 then
                 give
                 him
                 this
                 Diet-bread
                 :
                 Take
                 half
                 a
                 peck
                 of
                 the
                 finest
                 and
                 driest
                 Oat-meal
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 peck
                 of
                 good
                 Wheat
                 ,
                 having
                 ground
                 them
                 together
                 ,
                 boult
                 the
                 Meal
                 ,
                 and
                 scattering
                 an
                 indifferent
                 quantity
                 of
                 Liquorish
                 and
                 Anniseeds
                 well
                 beaten
                 together
                 ;
                 knead
                 it
                 up
                 with
                 the
                 Whites
                 of
                 Eggs
                 ,
                 new
                 Ale
                 and
                 Barm
                 mix'd
                 together
                 ,
                 and
                 bake
                 it
                 in
                 small
                 Loaves
                 indifferent
                 hard
                 ;
                 then
                 take
                 it
                 and
                 soak
                 it
                 in
                 Beef
                 or
                 any
                 of
                 the
                 aforesaid
                 Broths
                 ;
                 and
                 half
                 an
                 hour
                 after
                 Sun-rising
                 ,
                 and
                 half
                 an
                 hour
                 before
                 its
                 setting
                 ,
                 having
                 first
                 walke
                 and
                 air'd
                 your
                 Grey-hound
                 ,
                 give
                 it
                 him
                 to
                 eat
                 .
                 This
                 will
                 not
                 onely
                 increase
                 his
                 strength
                 ,
                 but
                 enlarge
                 his
                 Wind.
                 
              
               
                 Having
                 thus
                 spoken
                 of
                 a
                 Grey-Hound's
                 Feeding
                 ,
                 
                 either
                 generally
                 or
                 particularly
                 ,
                 either
                 for
                 keeping
                 him
                 in
                 health
                 ,
                 or
                 restoring
                 it
                 when
                 it
                 is
                 lost
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 in
                 the
                 next
                 place
                 proceed
                 to
                 his
                 Exercise
                 ;
                 and
                 this
                 likewise
                 consists
                 in
                 two
                 things
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 Coursing
                 ,
                 and
                 Airing
                 .
              
               
                 As
                 to
                 the
                 first
                 ,
                 he
                 ought
                 to
                 be
                 Coursed
                 thrice
                 a
                 week
                 ,
                 in
                 such
                 manner
                 that
                 you
                 usually
                 reward
                 him
                 with
                 Blood
                 ,
                 which
                 will
                 animate
                 and
                 encourage
                 him
                 to
                 prosecute
                 his
                 Game
                 :
                 but
                 be
                 not
                 unmindful
                 to
                 give
                 the
                 Hare
                 all
                 just
                 and
                 lawful
                 advantage
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 she
                 may
                 stand
                 long
                 before
                 the
                 Grey-hound
                 ,
                 that
                 thereby
                 he
                 may
                 shew
                 his
                 utmost
                 strength
                 and
                 skill
                 before
                 he
                 reap
                 the
                 benefit
                 of
                 his
                 labour
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 he
                 kill
                 ,
                 suffer
                 him
                 not
                 to
                 break
                 the
                 Hare
                 ,
                 but
                 take
                 her
                 from
                 him
                 ;
                 and
                 having
                 cleans'd
                 his
                 Chaps
                 from
                 the
                 Wool
                 of
                 the
                 Hare
                 ,
                 then
                 give
                 him
                 the
                 Liver
                 ,
                 Lights
                 ,
                 and
                 Heart
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 take
                 him
                 up
                 in
                 your
                 Leash
                 ;
                 and
                 having
                 led
                 him
                 home
                 ,
                 wash
                 his
                 Feet
                 with
                 some
                 Butter
                 and
                 Beer
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 put
                 him
                 into
                 the
                 Kennel
                 ,
                 and
                 feed
                 him
                 half
                 an
                 hour
                 afterwards
                 .
              
               
                 Upon
                 your
                 Grey-hounds
                 Coursing-days
                 ,
                 give
                 him
                 in
                 the
                 Morning
                 before
                 you
                 air
                 him
                 ,
                 a
                 Toast
                 and
                 Butter
                 or
                 Oyl
                 ,
                 and
                 nothing
                 else
                 ;
                 then
                 Kennel
                 him
                 till
                 he
                 go
                 to
                 his
                 Course
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 reason
                 of
                 Kennelling
                 your
                 Grey-hounds
                 is
                 this
                 ,
                 because
                 it
                 breeds
                 in
                 Dogs
                 Lust
                 ,
                 Spirit
                 ,
                 and
                 Nimbleness
                 ;
                 besides
                 ,
                 it
                 prevents
                 several
                 dangerous
                 Casualties
                 ,
                 and
                 keeps
                 the
                 Pores
                 from
                 spending
                 till
                 time
                 of
                 necessity
                 :
                 and
                 therefore
                 do
                 not
                 permit
                 your
                 Dog
                 to
                 stir
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Kennel
                 but
                 in
                 the
                 hours
                 of
                 Feeding
                 ,
                 Walking
                 ,
                 Coursing
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 necessary
                 business
                 .
              
               
                 
                   The
                   Laws
                   of
                   the
                   Leash
                   or
                   Coursing
                   .
                
                 
                   Though
                   the
                   Laws
                   of
                   Coursing
                   may
                   alter
                   according
                   to
                   some
                   mens
                   swaying
                   Fancies
                   ;
                   yet
                   these
                   ,
                   subscribed
                   
                   by
                   the
                   chief
                   of
                   the
                   Gentry
                   ,
                   were
                   ever
                   held
                   authentical
                   .
                   Take
                   them
                   thus
                   in
                   order
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   my
                   collection
                   out
                   of
                   Mr.
                   Markham
                   .
                
                 
                   First
                   ,
                   it
                   was
                   ordered
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   who
                   was
                   chosen
                   Fewterer
                   ,
                   or
                   Letter-loose
                   of
                   the
                   Grey-hounds
                   ,
                   should
                   receive
                   the
                   Grey-hounds
                   Match
                   to
                   run
                   together
                   into
                   his
                   Leash
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   he
                   came
                   into
                   the
                   Field
                   ,
                   and
                   follow
                   next
                   to
                   the
                   Hare-finder
                   till
                   he
                   came
                   unto
                   the
                   Form
                   :
                   and
                   no
                   Horse-man
                   or
                   Foot-man
                   ,
                   on
                   pain
                   of
                   disgrace
                   ,
                   to
                   go
                   before
                   them
                   ,
                   or
                   on
                   any
                   side
                   ,
                   but
                   directly
                   behinde
                   ,
                   the
                   space
                   of
                   forty
                   yards
                   or
                   thereabouts
                   .
                
                 
                   2.
                   
                   That
                   not
                   above
                   one
                   Brace
                   of
                   Grey-hounds
                   do
                   course
                   a
                   Hare
                   at
                   one
                   instant
                   .
                
                 
                   3.
                   
                   That
                   the
                   Hare-finder
                   should
                   give
                   the
                   Hare
                   three
                   Sohoe's
                   before
                   he
                   put
                   her
                   from
                   her
                   Lear
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   the
                   Grey-hounds
                   gaze
                   and
                   attend
                   her
                   rising
                   .
                
                 
                   4.
                   
                   That
                   the
                   Fewterer
                   shall
                   give
                   twelve-score
                   Law
                   ere
                   he
                   loose
                   the
                   Grey-hounds
                   ,
                   except
                   it
                   be
                   in
                   danger
                   of
                   losing
                   sight
                   .
                
                 
                   5.
                   
                   That
                   Dog
                   that
                   giveth
                   the
                   first
                   Turn
                   ,
                   if
                   after
                   the
                   Turn
                   be
                   given
                   there
                   be
                   neither
                   
                     Coat
                     ,
                     Slip
                  
                   ,
                   nor
                   Wrench
                   extraordinary
                   ;
                   I
                   say
                   ,
                   he
                   which
                   gave
                   the
                   first
                   Turn
                   shall
                   be
                   held
                   to
                   win
                   the
                   Wager
                   .
                
                 
                   6.
                   
                   If
                   one
                   Dog
                   give
                   the
                   first
                   Turn
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   other
                   bear
                   the
                   Hare
                   ,
                   then
                   he
                   which
                   bare
                   the
                   Hare
                   shall
                   win
                   .
                
                 
                   7.
                   
                   If
                   one
                   give
                   both
                   the
                   first
                   and
                   last
                   Turn
                   ,
                   and
                   no
                   other
                   advantage
                   be
                   between
                   them
                   ,
                   the
                   odde
                   Turn
                   shall
                   win
                   the
                   Wager
                   .
                
                 
                   8.
                   
                   That
                   a
                   Coat
                   shall
                   be
                   more
                   than
                   two
                   Turns
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Go-by
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   Bearing
                   of
                   the
                   Hare
                   equal
                   with
                   two
                   Turns
                   .
                
                 
                   9.
                   
                   If
                   neither
                   Dog
                   turn
                   the
                   Hare
                   ,
                   then
                   he
                   which
                   leadeth
                   last
                   at
                   the
                   Covert
                   shall
                   be
                   held
                   to
                   win
                   the
                   Wager
                   .
                
                 
                   10.
                   
                   If
                   one
                   Dog
                   turn
                   the
                   Hare
                   ,
                   serve
                   himself
                   ,
                   and
                   
                   turn
                   her
                   again
                   ,
                   those
                   two
                   Turns
                   shall
                   be
                   as
                   much
                   as
                   a
                   Coat
                   .
                
                 
                   11.
                   
                   If
                   all
                   the
                   Course
                   be
                   equal
                   ,
                   then
                   he
                   which
                   bears
                   the
                   Hare
                   shall
                   win
                   onely
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   she
                   be
                   not
                   born
                   ,
                   the
                   Course
                   must
                   be
                   adjudged
                   dead
                   .
                
                 
                   12.
                   
                   If
                   he
                   which
                   comes
                   first
                   in
                   to
                   the
                   death
                   of
                   the
                   Hare
                   takes
                   her
                   up
                   ,
                   and
                   saves
                   her
                   from
                   breaking
                   ,
                   cherisheth
                   the
                   Dogs
                   ,
                   and
                   cleanseth
                   their
                   Mouths
                   from
                   the
                   Wool
                   ,
                   or
                   other
                   filth
                   of
                   the
                   Hare
                   ,
                   for
                   such
                   courtesie
                   done
                   he
                   shall
                   in
                   right
                   challenge
                   the
                   Hare
                   :
                   but
                   not
                   doing
                   it
                   ,
                   he
                   shall
                   have
                   no
                   Right
                   ,
                   Priviledge
                   ,
                   or
                   Title
                   therein
                   .
                
                 
                   13.
                   
                   If
                   any
                   Dog
                   shall
                   take
                   a
                   fall
                   in
                   the
                   Course
                   ,
                   and
                   yet
                   perform
                   his
                   part
                   ,
                   he
                   shall
                   challenge
                   the
                   advantage
                   of
                   a
                   Turn
                   more
                   than
                   he
                   giveth
                   .
                
                 
                   14.
                   
                   If
                   one
                   Dog
                   turn
                   the
                   Hare
                   ,
                   serve
                   himself
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   divers
                   Coats
                   ,
                   yet
                   in
                   the
                   end
                   stand
                   still
                   in
                   the
                   field
                   ,
                   the
                   other
                   Dog
                   ,
                   without
                   Turn
                   giving
                   ,
                   running
                   home
                   to
                   the
                   Covert
                   ;
                   that
                   Dog
                   which
                   stood
                   still
                   in
                   the
                   field
                   shall
                   be
                   adjudged
                   to
                   lose
                   the
                   Wager
                   .
                
                 
                   15.
                   
                   If
                   any
                   man
                   shall
                   ride
                   over
                   a
                   Dog
                   ,
                   and
                   overthrow
                   him
                   in
                   his
                   Course
                   ,
                   (
                   though
                   the
                   Dog
                   were
                   the
                   worse
                   Dog
                   in
                   opinion
                   ,
                   yet
                   )
                   the
                   party
                   for
                   the
                   offence
                   shall
                   either
                   receive
                   the
                   disgrace
                   of
                   the
                   Field
                   ,
                   or
                   pay
                   the
                   Wager
                   ;
                   for
                   between
                   the
                   Parties
                   it
                   shall
                   be
                   adjudged
                   no
                   Course
                   .
                
                 
                   16.
                   
                   Lastly
                   ,
                   those
                   which
                   are
                   chosen
                   Judges
                   of
                   the
                   Leash
                   shall
                   give
                   their
                   judgments
                   presently
                   before
                   they
                   depart
                   from
                   the
                   Field
                   ,
                   or
                   else
                   he
                   in
                   whose
                   default
                   it
                   lieth
                   shall
                   pay
                   the
                   Wager
                   by
                   a
                   general
                   Voice
                   and
                   Sentence
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   lieth
                   in
                   the
                   power
                   of
                   him
                   that
                   hath
                   the
                   Office
                   of
                   the
                   Leash
                   conferred
                   on
                   him
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   Laws
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   Customs
                   of
                   Countries
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Rule
                   of
                   Reason
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Stiles
                 of
                 Hunting
                 different
                 from
                 the
                 English
                 both
                 Antique
                 and
                 Forrein
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Hunting
                 used
                 by
                 the
                 Antients
                 was
                 much
                 like
                 that
                 way
                 which
                 is
                 at
                 present
                 taken
                 with
                 the
                 Rain-Deer
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 seldom
                 hunted
                 at
                 force
                 or
                 with
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 but
                 onely
                 drawn
                 after
                 with
                 a
                 Blood-hound
                 ,
                 and
                 forestall'd
                 with
                 Nets
                 and
                 Engines
                 .
                 So
                 did
                 they
                 with
                 all
                 Beasts
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 a
                 Dog
                 is
                 never
                 commended
                 by
                 them
                 for
                 opening
                 before
                 he
                 hath
                 by
                 signes
                 discovered
                 where
                 the
                 Beast
                 lieth
                 in
                 his
                 Layre
                 ,
                 as
                 by
                 their
                 drawing
                 stiff
                 our
                 Harbourers
                 are
                 brought
                 to
                 give
                 right
                 judgement
                 .
                 Therefore
                 I
                 do
                 not
                 finde
                 that
                 they
                 were
                 curious
                 in
                 the
                 Musick
                 of
                 their
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 or
                 in
                 a
                 composition
                 of
                 their
                 Kennel
                 or
                 Pack
                 ,
                 either
                 for
                 deepness
                 ,
                 or
                 loudness
                 ,
                 or
                 sweetness
                 of
                 cry
                 like
                 to
                 ours
                 .
                 Their
                 Huntsmen
                 were
                 accustomed
                 to
                 shout
                 and
                 make
                 a
                 great
                 noise
                 ,
                 as
                 Virgil
                 observes
                 in
                 the
                 third
                 of
                 his
                 Georgicks
                 :
                 
                   Ingentem
                   clamore
                   premes
                   ad
                   retia
                   Cervum
                   .
                
              
               
                 So
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 onely
                 with
                 that
                 confusion
                 to
                 bring
                 the
                 Deer
                 to
                 the
                 Nets
                 laid
                 for
                 him
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 we
                 comfort
                 our
                 Hounds
                 with
                 loud
                 and
                 courageous
                 Cries
                 and
                 Noises
                 ,
                 both
                 of
                 Voice
                 and
                 Horn
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 follow
                 over
                 the
                 same
                 way
                 that
                 they
                 saw
                 the
                 Hart
                 pass
                 ,
                 without
                 crossing
                 or
                 coasting
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Sicilian
                 way
                 of
                 Hunting
                 was
                 this
                 :
                 when
                 the
                 Nobles
                 or
                 Gentry
                 were
                 informed
                 which
                 way
                 a
                 Herd
                 of
                 Deer
                 passed
                 ,
                 giving
                 notice
                 to
                 one
                 another
                 ,
                 they
                 appointed
                 a
                 meeting
                 ,
                 and
                 every
                 one
                 brought
                 with
                 
                 him
                 a
                 Cross-bow
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Long
                 bow
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 bundle
                 of
                 Staves
                 .
                 These
                 Staves
                 had
                 an
                 Iron-spike
                 at
                 the
                 bottom
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 Head
                 is
                 bored
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Cord
                 drawn
                 through
                 all
                 of
                 them
                 ;
                 their
                 length
                 is
                 about
                 four
                 foot
                 :
                 Being
                 thus
                 provided
                 ,
                 they
                 come
                 to
                 the
                 Herd
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 casting
                 themselves
                 about
                 into
                 a
                 large
                 Ring
                 ,
                 they
                 surround
                 the
                 Deer
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 every
                 one
                 of
                 them
                 receives
                 a
                 peculiar
                 stand
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 ,
                 unbinding
                 his
                 Faggot
                 ,
                 ties
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 his
                 Cord
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 who
                 is
                 set
                 in
                 the
                 next
                 station
                 ;
                 then
                 to
                 support
                 it
                 ,
                 sticks
                 into
                 the
                 ground
                 each
                 Staff
                 ,
                 about
                 the
                 distance
                 of
                 ten
                 foot
                 one
                 from
                 the
                 other
                 .
                 Then
                 they
                 take
                 out
                 Feathers
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 bring
                 with
                 them
                 ,
                 dyed
                 in
                 Crimson
                 for
                 this
                 very
                 purpose
                 ,
                 and
                 fastned
                 upon
                 a
                 Thred
                 which
                 is
                 tied
                 to
                 the
                 Cord
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 with
                 the
                 least
                 breath
                 of
                 wind
                 they
                 are
                 whirled
                 round
                 about
                 .
                 Those
                 which
                 keep
                 the
                 several
                 Stands
                 ,
                 withdraw
                 and
                 hide
                 themselves
                 in
                 the
                 next
                 Covert
                 .
                 After
                 this
                 ,
                 the
                 chief
                 Ranger
                 enters
                 within
                 the
                 Line
                 ,
                 taking
                 with
                 him
                 onely
                 such
                 Hounds
                 which
                 draw
                 after
                 the
                 Herd
                 ;
                 and
                 coming
                 near
                 with
                 their
                 cry
                 ,
                 rouze
                 them
                 :
                 Upon
                 which
                 the
                 Deer
                 fly
                 till
                 they
                 come
                 towards
                 the
                 Line
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 turn
                 off
                 towards
                 the
                 left
                 ,
                 and
                 still
                 gazing
                 upon
                 the
                 shaking
                 and
                 shining
                 Feathers
                 ,
                 wander
                 about
                 them
                 as
                 if
                 they
                 were
                 kept
                 in
                 with
                 a
                 Wall
                 or
                 Pale
                 .
                 The
                 chief
                 Ranger
                 pursues
                 ,
                 and
                 calling
                 to
                 every
                 one
                 by
                 name
                 ,
                 as
                 he
                 passeth
                 by
                 their
                 Stand
                 ,
                 cries
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 shoot
                 the
                 first
                 ,
                 third
                 ,
                 or
                 sixth
                 ,
                 as
                 he
                 shall
                 please
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 any
                 of
                 them
                 miss
                 ,
                 and
                 single
                 out
                 any
                 other
                 than
                 that
                 which
                 was
                 assigned
                 by
                 the
                 Ranger
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 counted
                 a
                 disgrace
                 to
                 him
                 :
                 by
                 which
                 means
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 pass
                 by
                 the
                 several
                 Stations
                 ,
                 the
                 whole
                 Herd
                 is
                 killed
                 by
                 several
                 hands
                 .
                 This
                 Relation
                 is
                 of
                 undoubted
                 truth
                 ,
                 as
                 you
                 may
                 finde
                 it
                 in
                 Pierius
                 his
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 ,
                 Lib.
                 7.
                 
                 Chap.
                 6.
                 
              
               
                 Boar-hunting
                 is
                 very
                 usual
                 in
                 France
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 call
                 it
                 Sangtier
                 .
                 In
                 this
                 sort
                 of
                 Hunting
                 the
                 way
                 is
                 to
                 
                 use
                 furious
                 terrible
                 Sounds
                 and
                 Noises
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 of
                 Voice
                 as
                 Horn
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 the
                 Chase
                 turn
                 and
                 fly
                 ;
                 because
                 they
                 are
                 slow
                 ,
                 and
                 trust
                 to
                 their
                 Tusks
                 and
                 defence
                 :
                 which
                 is
                 
                   Agere
                   Aprum
                
                 ,
                 to
                 bait
                 the
                 Boar.
                 Yet
                 this
                 must
                 be
                 done
                 after
                 his
                 Den
                 or
                 Hold
                 is
                 discovered
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Nets
                 be
                 pitched
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Huntsmen
                 give
                 judgement
                 of
                 the
                 Wild-Boar
                 by
                 the
                 print
                 of
                 his
                 Foot
                 ,
                 by
                 his
                 Rooting
                 .
                 A
                 wild
                 Swine
                 roots
                 deeper
                 than
                 our
                 ordinary
                 Hogs
                 ,
                 because
                 their
                 Snouts
                 are
                 longer
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 he
                 comes
                 into
                 a
                 Corn-field
                 ,
                 (
                 as
                 the
                 Caledonian-Boar
                 in
                 Ovid
                 )
                 turns
                 up
                 one
                 continued
                 Furrow
                 ,
                 not
                 as
                 our
                 Hogs
                 ,
                 routing
                 here
                 and
                 there
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 by
                 his
                 soil
                 he
                 soils
                 and
                 wallows
                 him
                 in
                 the
                 myre
                 :
                 these
                 are
                 his
                 
                   Volutabra
                   Silvestria
                
                 ,
                 where
                 his
                 greatness
                 is
                 measured
                 out
                 ;
                 then
                 coming
                 forth
                 ,
                 he
                 rubs
                 against
                 some
                 Tree
                 ,
                 which
                 marks
                 his
                 height
                 ;
                 as
                 also
                 when
                 he
                 sticks
                 his
                 Tusk
                 into
                 it
                 ,
                 that
                 shews
                 the
                 greatness
                 thereof
                 .
                 They
                 observe
                 the
                 bigness
                 of
                 his
                 Lesses
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 depth
                 of
                 his
                 Den
                 ;
                 where
                 note
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 call
                 his
                 Dung
                 by
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 Lesses
                 .
              
               
                 Whensoever
                 the
                 Boar
                 is
                 hunted
                 and
                 stands
                 at
                 Bay
                 ,
                 the
                 Huntsmen
                 ride
                 in
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 Swords
                 and
                 Spears
                 striking
                 on
                 that
                 side
                 which
                 is
                 from
                 their
                 Horses
                 ,
                 wound
                 or
                 kill
                 him
                 .
                 This
                 is
                 in
                 the
                 French
                 Hunting
                 :
                 but
                 the
                 antient
                 Romans
                 standing
                 on
                 foot
                 ,
                 or
                 setting
                 their
                 Knees
                 to
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 and
                 charging
                 directly
                 with
                 their
                 Spear
                 ,
                 did
                 
                   Opponere
                   ferrum
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Excipere
                   Aprum
                
                 :
                 for
                 such
                 is
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 a
                 Boar
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 spits
                 himself
                 with
                 fury
                 ,
                 running
                 upon
                 the
                 Weapon
                 to
                 come
                 at
                 his
                 Adversary
                 ;
                 and
                 so
                 ,
                 seeking
                 his
                 revenge
                 ,
                 he
                 meets
                 with
                 his
                 own
                 destruction
                 .
              
               
                 Though
                 these
                 Wild-Boars
                 are
                 frequent
                 in
                 France
                 ,
                 we
                 have
                 none
                 in
                 England
                 ;
                 yet
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 supposed
                 that
                 heretofore
                 we
                 had
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 not
                 think
                 it
                 convenient
                 to
                 preserve
                 that
                 Game
                 :
                 For
                 our
                 old
                 Authors
                 of
                 Hunting
                 reckon
                 them
                 amongst
                 the
                 beasts
                 of
                 Venery
                 ;
                 and
                 we
                 
                 have
                 the
                 proper
                 terms
                 belonging
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 you
                 may
                 find
                 them
                 at
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 the
                 Book
                 .
                 Of
                 Boar-hunting
                 you
                 will
                 read
                 more
                 hereafter
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 are
                 no
                 Roe-Deer
                 in
                 England
                 ;
                 but
                 there
                 are
                 plenty
                 of
                 them
                 in
                 Scotland
                 ,
                 as
                 Sir
                 
                   James
                   Lindsay
                
                 an
                 old
                 Scottish
                 Writer
                 testifies
                 .
              
               
                 Yet
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 thought
                 that
                 they
                 have
                 been
                 more
                 common
                 in
                 England
                 ,
                 because
                 our
                 antient
                 Huntsmen
                 acknowledge
                 the
                 proper
                 terms
                 for
                 this
                 Chase
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 first
                 place
                 we
                 have
                 distinct
                 Ages
                 for
                 these
                 Dorces
                 ,
                 which
                 you
                 shall
                 find
                 in
                 the
                 Terms
                 aforesaid
                 .
                 They
                 make
                 good
                 Chase
                 ,
                 stand
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 fly
                 end-way
                 .
                 
                   Compellere
                   Dorcas
                
                 ,
                 is
                 to
                 force
                 the
                 Bevy
                 ;
                 and
                 to
                 drive
                 them
                 into
                 the
                 Toyls
                 .
              
               
                 Although
                 we
                 have
                 no
                 Wolves
                 in
                 England
                 at
                 this
                 present
                 ,
                 yet
                 it
                 is
                 certain
                 that
                 heretofore
                 we
                 had
                 Routs
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 have
                 to
                 this
                 very
                 day
                 in
                 Ireland
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 that
                 Country
                 are
                 bred
                 a
                 race
                 of
                 Grey-hounds
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 are
                 commonly
                 called
                 Wolf-Dogs
                 )
                 which
                 are
                 strong
                 ,
                 fleet
                 ,
                 and
                 bear
                 a
                 natural
                 enmity
                 to
                 the
                 Wolf.
                 Now
                 in
                 these
                 the
                 Grey-hounds
                 of
                 that
                 Nation
                 there
                 is
                 an
                 incredible
                 force
                 and
                 boldness
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 they
                 are
                 in
                 great
                 estimation
                 ,
                 and
                 much
                 sought
                 after
                 in
                 forrein
                 parts
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 the
                 King
                 of
                 Poland
                 makes
                 use
                 of
                 them
                 in
                 his
                 hunting
                 of
                 great
                 Beasts
                 by
                 force
                 .
                 Wherefore
                 it
                 may
                 well
                 be
                 intended
                 of
                 the
                 great
                 fierceness
                 which
                 these
                 Dogs
                 have
                 in
                 assaulting
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 the
                 Romans
                 saw
                 them
                 play
                 ,
                 they
                 thought
                 them
                 so
                 wonderful
                 violent
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 they
                 must
                 needs
                 have
                 been
                 
                   Ferreis
                   caveis
                   advecti
                
                 ,
                 brought
                 up
                 in
                 Iron
                 Dens
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 Poland
                 when
                 the
                 King
                 hunts
                 ,
                 his
                 servants
                 are
                 wont
                 to
                 surround
                 a
                 Wood
                 ,
                 though
                 a
                 Mile
                 in
                 compass
                 ,
                 with
                 Toyls
                 which
                 are
                 pitched
                 on
                 firm
                 Stakes
                 .
                 This
                 being
                 done
                 ,
                 the
                 whole
                 Town
                 ,
                 all
                 Sexes
                 and
                 Ages
                 promiscuously
                 rush
                 into
                 the
                 Inclosure
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 their
                 ●oud
                 shouts
                 rear
                 all
                 the
                 Beasts
                 within
                 that
                 Wood
                 ;
                 which
                 
                 making
                 forth
                 ,
                 are
                 intercepted
                 in
                 the
                 Nets
                 .
                 Their
                 small
                 and
                 great
                 Beasts
                 are
                 entangled
                 together
                 ,
                 after
                 the
                 same
                 manner
                 as
                 when
                 amongst
                 us
                 we
                 draw
                 a
                 Net
                 over
                 a
                 Pond
                 ,
                 and
                 after
                 beating
                 it
                 all
                 over
                 with
                 Poles
                 ,
                 we
                 bring
                 out
                 not
                 onely
                 Pike
                 and
                 Carp
                 ,
                 but
                 lesser
                 Fry
                 ;
                 so
                 they
                 inclose
                 at
                 once
                 
                   Deer
                   ,
                   Boar
                   ,
                   Roe-buck
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Hare
                 :
                 For
                 so
                 they
                 order
                 their
                 Nets
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 space
                 of
                 those
                 Meshes
                 which
                 are
                 twisted
                 with
                 greater
                 Cords
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 entangling
                 of
                 greater
                 Beasts
                 ,
                 that
                 space
                 ,
                 I
                 say
                 ,
                 is
                 made
                 up
                 with
                 smaller
                 Whip-cord
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 catching
                 smaller
                 Prey
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 hath
                 a
                 great
                 race
                 of
                 English
                 Mastiffs
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 that
                 Country
                 retain
                 their
                 generosity
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 brought
                 up
                 to
                 play
                 upon
                 greater
                 beasts
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 not
                 counted
                 among
                 them
                 disagreeable
                 to
                 the
                 Laws
                 of
                 the
                 Chase
                 ,
                 to
                 use
                 Guns
                 .
                 I
                 shall
                 now
                 proceed
                 to
                 the
                 manner
                 of
                 English-Hunting
                 both
                 antient
                 and
                 modern
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 best
                 information
                 I
                 could
                 gather
                 either
                 out
                 of
                 Books
                 ,
                 experienced
                 Huntsmen
                 ,
                 and
                 my
                 own
                 practice
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 Hart-Hunting
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Hart
                 can
                 naturally
                 swim
                 a
                 great
                 way
                 ;
                 insomuch
                 that
                 I
                 have
                 heard
                 of
                 some
                 so
                 sore
                 hunted
                 in
                 Forests
                 near
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 have
                 plung'd
                 into
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 been
                 killed
                 by
                 Fisher-men
                 a
                 dozen
                 miles
                 from
                 land
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 reported
                 of
                 them
                 when
                 they
                 go
                 to
                 Rut
                 ,
                 and
                 must
                 for
                 that
                 purpose
                 cross
                 some
                 great
                 River
                 or
                 Arm
                 of
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 they
                 assemble
                 in
                 great
                 Herds
                 ,
                 the
                 strongest
                 goes
                 in
                 first
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 next
                 of
                 strength
                 follows
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 one
                 after
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 relieving
                 themselves
                 
                 by
                 staying
                 their
                 Heads
                 on
                 the
                 Buttocks
                 of
                 each
                 other
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Hinde
                 commonly
                 carries
                 her
                 Calf
                 eight
                 or
                 nine
                 moneths
                 ,
                 which
                 usually
                 falls
                 in
                 May
                 ,
                 although
                 some
                 later
                 :
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 have
                 two
                 at
                 once
                 ,
                 eating
                 the
                 Skin
                 up
                 wherein
                 the
                 Calf
                 did
                 lie
                 .
              
               
                 As
                 the
                 Calf
                 grows
                 up
                 ,
                 she
                 teacheth
                 it
                 to
                 run
                 ,
                 leap
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 way
                 it
                 must
                 keep
                 to
                 defend
                 it self
                 from
                 the
                 Hounds
                 .
              
               
                 Harts
                 and
                 Hindes
                 are
                 very
                 long-liv'd
                 ,
                 living
                 commonly
                 an
                 hundred
                 years
                 and
                 upwards
                 .
              
               
                 
                   The
                   nature
                   of
                   a
                   Hart.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   Hart
                   is
                   strangely
                   amazed
                   when
                   he
                   hears
                   any
                   one
                   call
                   ,
                   or
                   whistle
                   in
                   his
                   Fist
                   ;
                   For
                   trial
                   of
                   which
                   ,
                   some
                   seeing
                   a
                   Hart
                   in
                   the
                   Plain
                   in
                   motion
                   ,
                   have
                   called
                   after
                   him
                   ,
                   saying
                   ,
                   
                     Ware
                     ,
                     Ware
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   
                     Take
                     heed
                  
                   ;
                   and
                   thereupon
                   have
                   seen
                   him
                   instantly
                   turn
                   back
                   ,
                   making
                   some
                   little
                   stand
                   .
                   He
                   heareth
                   very
                   perfectly
                   when
                   his
                   Head
                   and
                   Ears
                   are
                   erected
                   ;
                   but
                   heareth
                   imperfectly
                   when
                   he
                   holdeth
                   them
                   down
                   .
                   When
                   he
                   is
                   on
                   foot
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   afraid
                   ,
                   he
                   wonders
                   at
                   every
                   thing
                   he
                   seeth
                   ,
                   and
                   taketh
                   pleasure
                   to
                   gaze
                   at
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   bear
                   sometimes
                   few
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   more
                   Croches
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   is
                   the
                   reason
                   that
                   many
                   men
                   have
                   erred
                   in
                   their
                   judgments
                   as
                   to
                   their
                   age
                   .
                
                 
                   Harts
                   are
                   bred
                   in
                   most
                   Countries
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   Antients
                   do
                   prefer
                   those
                   of
                   Britain
                   before
                   all
                   others
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   are
                   of
                   divers
                   colours
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   do
                   excel
                   all
                   others
                   in
                   the
                   beauty
                   of
                   Horns
                   ;
                   which
                   are
                   very
                   high
                   ,
                   yet
                   do
                   not
                   grow
                   to
                   their
                   Bones
                   or
                   Scalps
                   ,
                   but
                   to
                   their
                   Skin
                   ,
                   branching
                   forth
                   into
                   many
                   Speers
                   ,
                   being
                   solid
                   throughout
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   hard
                   as
                   Stones
                   ,
                   and
                   fall
                   off
                   once
                   a
                   year
                   :
                   but
                   if
                   they
                   remain
                   abroad
                   in
                   the
                   Air
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   thereby
                   they
                   are
                   sometimes
                   
                   wet
                   and
                   dry
                   ,
                   they
                   grow
                   as
                   light
                   as
                   any
                   vanishing
                   or
                   other
                   substance
                   ,
                   as
                   I
                   have
                   proved
                   by
                   experience
                   ,
                   finding
                   some
                   which
                   have
                   been
                   lost
                   by
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   Woods
                   ;
                   wherefore
                   I
                   gather
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   are
                   of
                   an
                   earthly
                   substance
                   ,
                   concrete
                   ,
                   and
                   hardned
                   with
                   a
                   strong
                   heat
                   ,
                   made
                   like
                   unto
                   Bones
                   .
                   They
                   lose
                   these
                   Horns
                   every
                   year
                   in
                   the
                   Spring
                   .
                   At
                   one
                   year
                   old
                   they
                   have
                   nothing
                   but
                   Bunches
                   ,
                   that
                   are
                   small
                   significators
                   of
                   Horns
                   to
                   come
                   :
                   at
                   two
                   years
                   they
                   appear
                   more
                   perfectly
                   ,
                   but
                   straight
                   and
                   simple
                   :
                   at
                   three
                   years
                   they
                   grow
                   into
                   two
                   Spears
                   :
                   at
                   four
                   ,
                   into
                   three
                   ;
                   and
                   so
                   increase
                   every
                   year
                   in
                   their
                   Branches
                   till
                   they
                   be
                   six
                   ;
                   and
                   above
                   that
                   time
                   their
                   age
                   is
                   not
                   certainly
                   to
                   be
                   discerned
                   by
                   their
                   Head.
                   
                
                 
                   Having
                   lost
                   their
                   Horns
                   in
                   the
                   day-time
                   ,
                   they
                   hide
                   themselves
                   ,
                   inhabiting
                   the
                   shades
                   ,
                   to
                   avoid
                   the
                   annoyance
                   of
                   Flies
                   ,
                   and
                   feed
                   ,
                   during
                   that
                   time
                   onely
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   night
                   .
                   Their
                   new
                   Horns
                   come
                   out
                   at
                   first
                   like
                   Bunches
                   ,
                   and
                   afterwards
                   (
                   as
                   I
                   said
                   before
                   )
                   by
                   the
                   increase
                   of
                   the
                   Sun's
                   heat
                   they
                   grow
                   more
                   hard
                   ,
                   covered
                   with
                   a
                   rough
                   Skin
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   called
                   a
                   Velvet-head
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   that
                   Skin
                   drieth
                   ,
                   they
                   daily
                   try
                   the
                   strength
                   of
                   their
                   new
                   Heads
                   upon
                   Trees
                   ;
                   which
                   not
                   onely
                   scrapeth
                   off
                   the
                   roughness
                   ,
                   but
                   by
                   the
                   pain
                   they
                   feel
                   thus
                   rubbing
                   them
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   taught
                   how
                   long
                   to
                   forbear
                   the
                   company
                   of
                   their
                   fellows
                   :
                   for
                   at
                   last
                   ,
                   when
                   in
                   their
                   chafing
                   and
                   fretting
                   of
                   their
                   new
                   Horn
                   against
                   the
                   Tree
                   they
                   can
                   feel
                   no
                   longer
                   pain
                   and
                   smart
                   in
                   them
                   ,
                   they
                   take
                   it
                   for
                   high
                   time
                   to
                   forsake
                   their
                   solitary
                   dwellings
                   ,
                   and
                   return
                   again
                   to
                   their
                   former
                   condition
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   reason
                   why
                   Harts
                   and
                   Deers
                   do
                   lose
                   their
                   Horns
                   yearly
                   ,
                   are
                   these
                   :
                   First
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   the
                   matter
                   whereof
                   they
                   consist
                   ;
                   for
                   it
                   is
                   dry
                   and
                   earthy
                   ,
                   like
                   the
                   substance
                   of
                   green
                   Leaves
                   which
                   have
                   an
                   yearly
                   fall
                   ,
                   likewise
                   ,
                   wanting
                   glewing
                   or
                   holding
                   moisture
                   
                   to
                   continue
                   them
                   ;
                   wherefore
                   the
                   Horn
                   of
                   a
                   Hart
                   cannot
                   be
                   bent
                   .
                   Secondly
                   ,
                   from
                   the
                   place
                   they
                   grow
                   upon
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   are
                   not
                   rooted
                   upon
                   the
                   Skull
                   ,
                   but
                   onely
                   within
                   the
                   Skin
                   .
                   Thirdly
                   ,
                   from
                   the
                   efficient
                   cause
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   are
                   hardned
                   both
                   with
                   the
                   heat
                   of
                   Summer
                   ,
                   and
                   cold
                   of
                   Winter
                   ;
                   by
                   means
                   whereof
                   the
                   Pores
                   to
                   receive
                   their
                   nourishing
                   Liquor
                   are
                   utterly
                   shut
                   up
                   and
                   stopped
                   ,
                   so
                   as
                   of
                   necessity
                   their
                   native
                   heat
                   dieth
                   ;
                   which
                   falleth
                   not
                   out
                   in
                   other
                   Beasts
                   ,
                   whose
                   Horns
                   are
                   for
                   the
                   most
                   part
                   hollow
                   ,
                   and
                   fitted
                   for
                   longer
                   continuance
                   ;
                   but
                   these
                   are
                   of
                   lesser
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   new
                   Bunches
                   swelling
                   up
                   towards
                   the
                   Spring
                   ,
                   do
                   thrust
                   off
                   the
                   old
                   Horns
                   ,
                   having
                   the
                   assistance
                   of
                   Boughs
                   of
                   Trees
                   ,
                   weight
                   of
                   the
                   Horns
                   ,
                   or
                   by
                   the
                   willing
                   excussion
                   of
                   the
                   Beast
                   that
                   beareth
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   observed
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   a
                   Hart
                   pricketh
                   up
                   his
                   Ears
                   ,
                   he
                   windeth
                   sharp
                   ,
                   very
                   far
                   ,
                   and
                   sure
                   ,
                   and
                   discovereth
                   all
                   treachery
                   against
                   him
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   they
                   hang
                   down
                   and
                   wag
                   ,
                   he
                   perceiveth
                   no
                   danger
                   .
                   By
                   their
                   Teeth
                   is
                   their
                   Age
                   discerned
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   have
                   four
                   on
                   both
                   sides
                   wherewith
                   they
                   grinde
                   their
                   meat
                   ,
                   besides
                   two
                   other
                   ,
                   much
                   greater
                   in
                   the
                   Male
                   than
                   in
                   the
                   Female
                   .
                   All
                   these
                   Beasts
                   have
                   Worms
                   in
                   their
                   Head
                   underneath
                   their
                   Tongue
                   ,
                   in
                   a
                   hollow
                   place
                   where
                   the
                   Neck-bone
                   is
                   joyned
                   to
                   the
                   Head
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   no
                   bigger
                   than
                   Flie-blows
                   .
                   His
                   Blood
                   is
                   not
                   like
                   other
                   Beasts
                   ,
                   for
                   it
                   hath
                   no
                   Fibres
                   in
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   it
                   is
                   hardly
                   congealed
                   .
                   His
                   Heart
                   is
                   very
                   great
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   are
                   all
                   those
                   of
                   fearful
                   Beasts
                   ,
                   having
                   in
                   it
                   a
                   Bone
                   like
                   a
                   Cross.
                   He
                   hath
                   no
                   Gall
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   is
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   causes
                   of
                   the
                   length
                   of
                   his
                   life
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   are
                   his
                   Bowels
                   so
                   bitter
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Dogs
                   will
                   not
                   touch
                   them
                   unless
                   they
                   be
                   very
                   fat
                   .
                   The
                   Genital
                   part
                   is
                   all
                   nervy
                   ;
                   the
                   Tail
                   small
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   Hinde
                   hath
                   Udders
                   betwixt
                   her
                   Thighs
                   ,
                   with
                   four
                   Speans
                   like
                   a
                   Gow
                   .
                   These
                   are
                   above
                   all
                   other
                   four-footed
                   Beasts
                   ,
                   both
                   
                   ingenious
                   and
                   fearful
                   ,
                   who
                   although
                   they
                   have
                   large
                   Horns
                   ,
                   yet
                   their
                   defence
                   against
                   other
                   four-footed
                   Beasts
                   is
                   to
                   run
                   away
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   now
                   if
                   you
                   will
                   credit
                   Gesner
                   as
                   a
                   Huntsman
                   ,
                   pray
                   here
                   observe
                   what
                   account
                   he
                   gives
                   of
                   Hunting
                   the
                   
                     Hart
                     :
                     This
                     wild
                     deceitful
                     and
                     subtile
                     Beást
                  
                   (
                   says
                   he
                   )
                   
                     by
                     windings
                     and
                     turnings
                     does
                     often
                     deceive
                     its
                     Hunter
                     ,
                     as
                     the
                     Harts
                     of
                  
                   Meandros
                   
                     flying
                     from
                     the
                     terrible
                     cry
                     of
                  
                   Diana's
                   Hounds
                   .
                   Wherefore
                   the
                   prudent
                   Hunter
                   must
                   frame
                   his
                   Dogs
                   as
                   Pythagoras
                   did
                   his
                   Scholars
                   ,
                   with
                   words
                   of
                   Art
                   to
                   set
                   them
                   on
                   ,
                   and
                   take
                   them
                   off
                   again
                   at
                   his
                   pleasure
                   ;
                   wherefore
                   he
                   must
                   first
                   of
                   all
                   compass
                   in
                   the
                   Beast
                   
                     (
                     en
                     son
                     giste
                  
                   )
                   in
                   her
                   own
                   Layr
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   unharbour
                   her
                   in
                   the
                   view
                   of
                   the
                   Dogs
                   ,
                   that
                   so
                   they
                   may
                   never
                   lose
                   her
                   Slot
                   or
                   Footing
                   :
                   neither
                   must
                   he
                   set
                   upon
                   every
                   one
                   ,
                   either
                   of
                   the
                   Herd
                   or
                   those
                   that
                   wander
                   solitary
                   alone
                   ,
                   or
                   a
                   little
                   one
                   but
                   partly
                   by
                   sight
                   ,
                   and
                   partly
                   by
                   their
                   Footing
                   and
                   Fumets
                   ,
                   judge
                   of
                   their
                   Game
                   ;
                   also
                   he
                   must
                   observe
                   the
                   largeness
                   of
                   his
                   Layr
                   .
                   Being
                   thus
                   informed
                   ,
                   then
                   
                     Discouples
                     les
                     chiens
                  
                   ,
                   take
                   off
                   your
                   Dog-Couplings
                   ;
                   and
                   some
                   on
                   Horse-back
                   ,
                   others
                   on
                   foot
                   ,
                   follow
                   the
                   Cry
                   with
                   greatest
                   art
                   ,
                   observation
                   and
                   speed
                   ,
                   remembring
                   and
                   preventing
                   
                     (
                     cer
                     fruze
                  
                   )
                   the
                   subtile
                   turnings
                   and
                   headings
                   of
                   the
                   Hart
                   ;
                   straining
                   with
                   all
                   dexterity
                   to
                   leap
                   Hedge
                   ,
                   Pale
                   ,
                   Ditch
                   ,
                   nay
                   Rocks
                   ;
                   neither
                   fearing
                   Thorns
                   ,
                   down
                   Hills
                   ,
                   nor
                   Woods
                   ,
                   but
                   providing
                   fresh
                   Horse
                   if
                   the
                   first
                   tire
                   ,
                   follow
                   the
                   largest
                   Head
                   of
                   the
                   whole
                   Herd
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   endeavour
                   to
                   single
                   out
                   for
                   the
                   Chase
                   ;
                   which
                   the
                   Dogs
                   perceiving
                   must
                   follow
                   ,
                   taking
                   for
                   a
                   prohibition
                   to
                   follow
                   any
                   other
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Dogs
                   are
                   animated
                   by
                   the
                   winding
                   of
                   Horns
                   and
                   voices
                   of
                   the
                   Huntsmen
                   ,
                   like
                   Souldiers
                   to
                   the
                   battle
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   noise
                   of
                   Trumpets
                   and
                   other
                   Warlike
                   Instruments
                   .
                   But
                   sometimes
                   the
                   crafty
                   great
                   beast
                   seodeth
                   
                   forth
                   his
                   little
                   Squire
                   to
                   be
                   sacrificed
                   to
                   the
                   Dogs
                   and
                   Huntsmen
                   ,
                   instead
                   of
                   himself
                   ;
                   lying
                   close
                   in
                   the
                   mean
                   time
                   :
                   Then
                   must
                   a
                   Retreat
                   be
                   sounded
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     (
                     rompre
                     le
                     chiens
                  
                   )
                   the
                   Dogs
                   be
                   broken
                   off
                   ,
                   and
                   taken
                   in
                   
                     (
                     le
                     Limier
                  
                   )
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   Leame
                   again
                   ,
                   until
                   they
                   be
                   brought
                   to
                   the
                   fairer
                   Game
                   ;
                   who
                   ariseth
                   in
                   fear
                   ,
                   yet
                   still
                   striveth
                   by
                   flight
                   ,
                   until
                   he
                   be
                   wearied
                   and
                   breathless
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Nobles
                   call
                   this
                   beast
                   
                     (
                     Cerf
                     sage
                  
                   )
                   a
                   wise
                   Hart
                   ,
                   who
                   ,
                   to
                   avoid
                   all
                   his
                   Enemies
                   ,
                   runneth
                   into
                   the
                   greatest
                   Herds
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   bringeth
                   a
                   Cloud
                   of
                   errour
                   on
                   the
                   Dogs
                   ,
                   to
                   keep
                   them
                   from
                   further
                   prosecution
                   ;
                   sometimes
                   also
                   beating
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   Herd
                   into
                   his
                   Footings
                   ,
                   that
                   so
                   he
                   may
                   the
                   more
                   easily
                   escape
                   ,
                   and
                   procure
                   a
                   Labyrinth
                   to
                   the
                   Dogs
                   ;
                   after
                   which
                   he
                   betaketh
                   himself
                   to
                   his
                   Heels
                   again
                   ,
                   running
                   still
                   with
                   the
                   Wind
                   ,
                   not
                   onely
                   for
                   refrigeration
                   ,
                   but
                   because
                   he
                   may
                   the
                   more
                   easily
                   hear
                   the
                   voice
                   of
                   his
                   pursuers
                   ,
                   whether
                   they
                   be
                   far
                   or
                   near
                   .
                   At
                   last
                   ,
                   being
                   for
                   all
                   this
                   found
                   out
                   again
                   by
                   the
                   observance
                   of
                   the
                   Hunters
                   ,
                   and
                   skilful
                   Scent
                   of
                   the
                   Dogs
                   ,
                   he
                   flieth
                   into
                   the
                   Herds
                   of
                   Cattle
                   ,
                   as
                   Cows
                   ,
                   Sheep
                   ,
                   &c.
                   leaping
                   on
                   an
                   Ox
                   or
                   Cow
                   ,
                   laying
                   the
                   foreparts
                   of
                   his
                   body
                   thereon
                   ,
                   that
                   so
                   touching
                   the
                   Earth
                   onely
                   with
                   his
                   hinder
                   Feet
                   ,
                   to
                   leave
                   a
                   very
                   small
                   or
                   no
                   scent
                   at
                   all
                   behinde
                   for
                   the
                   Hounds
                   to
                   descern
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   chief
                   Huntsman
                   to
                   Lewis
                   the
                   twelfth
                   ,
                   called
                   
                     (
                     le
                     Grand
                     Venieur
                  
                   )
                   affirmeth
                   ,
                   that
                   on
                   a
                   time
                   ,
                   they
                   having
                   a
                   Hart
                   in
                   chase
                   ,
                   suddenly
                   the
                   Hounds
                   were
                   at
                   a
                   fault
                   ,
                   so
                   as
                   the
                   Game
                   was
                   out
                   of
                   sight
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   a
                   Dog
                   would
                   once
                   stir
                   his
                   foot
                   ,
                   whereat
                   the
                   Hunters
                   were
                   all
                   amazed
                   ;
                   at
                   last
                   ,
                   by
                   casting
                   about
                   ,
                   (
                   as
                   it
                   is
                   usual
                   in
                   such
                   cases
                   )
                   they
                   found
                   the
                   fraud
                   of
                   the
                   crafty
                   beast
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   worth
                   the
                   memory
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   was
                   a
                   great
                   White-thorn
                   ,
                   which
                   grew
                   in
                   a
                   hadowy
                   place
                   as
                   high
                   as
                   a
                   Tree
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   environed
                   with
                   other
                   small
                   shrubs
                   about
                   it
                   ;
                   into
                   the
                   which
                   the
                   said
                   
                   Hart
                   leaped
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   stood
                   aloft
                   the
                   Boughs
                   spreading
                   from
                   one
                   another
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   remained
                   till
                   he
                   was
                   thrust
                   through
                   by
                   a
                   Huntsman
                   ,
                   rather
                   than
                   he
                   would
                   yield
                   to
                   the
                   angry
                   and
                   greedy
                   Hounds
                   .
                   Yet
                   their
                   manner
                   is
                   when
                   they
                   see
                   themselves
                   every
                   where
                   intercepted
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   force
                   at
                   him
                   with
                   their
                   Horns
                   who
                   first
                   comes
                   unto
                   him
                   ,
                   except
                   prevented
                   by
                   Sword
                   or
                   Spear
                   ;
                   which
                   being
                   done
                   ,
                   the
                   Hunter
                   with
                   his
                   Horn
                   windeth
                   the
                   fall
                   of
                   the
                   Beast
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   every
                   one
                   approacheth
                   ,
                   luring
                   with
                   triumph
                   for
                   such
                   a
                   conquest
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   the
                   skilfullest
                   openeth
                   the
                   Beast
                   ,
                   rewarding
                   the
                   Hounds
                   with
                   what
                   properly
                   belongeth
                   unto
                   them
                   for
                   their
                   future
                   encouragement
                   ;
                   and
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   the
                   Huntsmen
                   dip
                   Bread
                   in
                   the
                   Skin
                   and
                   Blood
                   of
                   the
                   Beast
                   ,
                   to
                   give
                   unto
                   the
                   Hounds
                   their
                   full
                   satisfaction
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Veloces
                     Spartae
                     catulos
                     ,
                     acremque
                     Mollossum
                  
                   
                     Pasce
                     fero
                     pingui
                     ,
                     &c.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   Much
                   more
                   might
                   be
                   said
                   of
                   this
                   present
                   subject
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   not
                   proper
                   in
                   this
                   place
                   ;
                   wherefore
                   I
                   shall
                   refer
                   you
                   to
                   what
                   followeth
                   ,
                   and
                   your
                   own
                   experience
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Rut
                   of
                   Harts
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   time
                   of
                   their
                   Rutting
                   is
                   about
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   September
                   ,
                   and
                   continues
                   two
                   months
                   :
                   the
                   older
                   they
                   are
                   ,
                   the
                   hotter
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   better
                   beloved
                   by
                   the
                   Hindes
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   they
                   go
                   to
                   Rut
                   before
                   the
                   young
                   ones
                   ;
                   and
                   ,
                   being
                   very
                   fiery
                   ,
                   will
                   not
                   suffer
                   any
                   of
                   them
                   to
                   come
                   near
                   the
                   Hindes
                   till
                   they
                   have
                   satisfied
                   their
                   Venery
                   .
                   But
                   the
                   young
                   ones
                   are
                   even
                   with
                   the
                   old
                   for
                   when
                   they
                   perceive
                   the
                   old
                   are
                   grown
                   weak
                   by
                   excess
                   of
                   Rutting
                   ,
                   the
                   young
                   will
                   frequently
                   attaqu●
                   
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   them
                   quit
                   the
                   place
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   may
                   be
                   masters
                   of
                   the
                   sport
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   easily
                   kill'd
                   in
                   Rutting-time
                   :
                   for
                   they
                   follow
                   the
                   scent
                   of
                   the
                   Hindes
                   with
                   such
                   greediness
                   ,
                   laying
                   their
                   Noses
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   mind
                   that
                   solely
                   ,
                   and
                   nothing
                   else
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   such
                   great
                   lovers
                   of
                   the
                   sport
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   very
                   dangerous
                   for
                   any
                   man
                   to
                   come
                   near
                   them
                   at
                   this
                   season
                   ,
                   for
                   then
                   they
                   will
                   make
                   at
                   any
                   living
                   creature
                   of
                   different
                   kind
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   some
                   places
                   ,
                   in
                   October
                   their
                   Lust
                   ariseth
                   ,
                   and
                   also
                   in
                   May
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   ,
                   whereas
                   at
                   other
                   times
                   the
                   Males
                   live
                   apart
                   from
                   the
                   Females
                   ,
                   they
                   go
                   about
                   like
                   lascivious
                   Lovers
                   ,
                   seeking
                   the
                   company
                   of
                   their
                   Females
                   ,
                   as
                   it
                   were
                   at
                   the
                   Market
                   of
                   Venus
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Males
                   in
                   their
                   raging
                   desired
                   Lust
                   have
                   a
                   peculiar
                   noise
                   ,
                   which
                   the
                   French
                   call
                   Reere
                   .
                   One
                   Male
                   will
                   cover
                   a
                   many
                   Females
                   ,
                   continuing
                   in
                   this
                   carnal
                   appetite
                   a
                   month
                   or
                   two
                   .
                   The
                   Females
                   are
                   chaste
                   ,
                   and
                   unwilling
                   to
                   admit
                   of
                   Copulation
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   the
                   rigour
                   of
                   the
                   Male's
                   Genital
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   they
                   sink
                   down
                   on
                   their
                   buttocks
                   when
                   they
                   begin
                   to
                   feel
                   his
                   Seed
                   ,
                   as
                   it
                   hath
                   been
                   often
                   observed
                   in
                   tame
                   Harts
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   they
                   can
                   ,
                   the
                   Females
                   run
                   away
                   ,
                   the
                   Males
                   striving
                   to
                   hold
                   them
                   back
                   within
                   their
                   fore-Feet
                   .
                   It
                   cannot
                   be
                   well
                   said
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   are
                   covered
                   standing
                   ,
                   lying
                   ,
                   or
                   going
                   ,
                   but
                   rather
                   running
                   ;
                   for
                   so
                   are
                   they
                   filled
                   with
                   greatest
                   severity
                   .
                   When
                   one
                   month
                   or
                   six
                   weeks
                   is
                   over
                   of
                   their
                   Rutting
                   ,
                   they
                   grow
                   tamer
                   by
                   much
                   ,
                   and
                   laying
                   aside
                   all
                   fierceness
                   ,
                   they
                   return
                   to
                   their
                   solitary
                   places
                   ,
                   digging
                   every
                   one
                   by
                   himself
                   a
                   several
                   Hole
                   or
                   Ditch
                   ,
                   wherein
                   they
                   lie
                   ,
                   to
                   asswage
                   the
                   strong
                   savour
                   of
                   their
                   Lust
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   stink
                   like
                   Goats
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   Face
                   beginneth
                   to
                   look
                   blacker
                   than
                   at
                   other
                   times
                   :
                   and
                   in
                   those
                   places
                   they
                   live
                   till
                   some
                   Showers
                   distil
                   from
                   the
                   Clouds
                   ;
                   after
                   which
                   ,
                   they
                   return
                   to
                   their
                   Pasture
                   again
                   ,
                   living
                   in
                   Flocks
                   as
                   before
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   The
                   Female
                   ,
                   thus
                   filled
                   ,
                   never
                   keepeth
                   company
                   again
                   with
                   the
                   Male
                   until
                   she
                   is
                   delivered
                   of
                   her
                   burthen
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   eight
                   months
                   ;
                   and
                   but
                   one
                   at
                   a
                   time
                   ,
                   seldom
                   two
                   ,
                   which
                   she
                   lodgeth
                   cunningly
                   in
                   some
                   Covert
                   :
                   If
                   she
                   perceive
                   them
                   stubborn
                   and
                   wilde
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   beat
                   them
                   with
                   her
                   Feet
                   till
                   they
                   lie
                   close
                   and
                   quiet
                   .
                
                 
                   Oftentimes
                   she
                   leadeth
                   forth
                   her
                   young
                   ,
                   teaching
                   it
                   to
                   run
                   and
                   leap
                   over
                   bushes
                   ,
                   stones
                   ,
                   and
                   small
                   shrubs
                   ;
                   and
                   so
                   continueth
                   all
                   the
                   Summer
                   long
                   ,
                   while
                   their
                   own
                   strength
                   is
                   most
                   considerable
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   very
                   pleasant
                   to
                   observe
                   them
                   when
                   they
                   go
                   to
                   Rut
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   their
                   Vaut
                   .
                   For
                   when
                   they
                   smell
                   the
                   Hinde
                   ,
                   they
                   raise
                   their
                   Nose
                   up
                   into
                   the
                   Air
                   ,
                   looking
                   aloft
                   ,
                   as
                   though
                   they
                   gave
                   thanks
                   to
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Nature
                   ,
                   who
                   gave
                   them
                   so
                   great
                   delight
                   and
                   pleasure
                   .
                   And
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   a
                   great
                   Hart
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   turn
                   his
                   Head
                   and
                   look
                   about
                   to
                   see
                   whether
                   there
                   be
                   none
                   near
                   to
                   interrupt
                   or
                   spoil
                   his
                   sport
                   .
                   Hereat
                   the
                   young
                   fly
                   away
                   for
                   fear
                   :
                   but
                   if
                   there
                   be
                   any
                   of
                   equal
                   bigness
                   ,
                   they
                   then
                   strive
                   which
                   shall
                   Vaut
                   first
                   ;
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   opposing
                   each
                   other
                   ,
                   they
                   scrape
                   the
                   ground
                   with
                   their
                   Feet
                   ,
                   shocking
                   and
                   butting
                   each
                   other
                   so
                   furiously
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   shall
                   hear
                   the
                   noise
                   they
                   make
                   with
                   their
                   Horns
                   a
                   good
                   half
                   mile
                   ,
                   so
                   long
                   ,
                   till
                   one
                   of
                   them
                   is
                   Victor
                   .
                   The
                   Hinde
                   beholding
                   this
                   Pastime
                   ,
                   never
                   stirs
                   from
                   her
                   station
                   ,
                   expecting
                   ,
                   as
                   it
                   were
                   ,
                   the
                   Vauting
                   of
                   him
                   who
                   hath
                   the
                   Mastery
                   ;
                   and
                   having
                   got
                   it
                   ,
                   he
                   bellows
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   instantly
                   covers
                   her
                   .
                
                 
                   During
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   their
                   Rut
                   ,
                   they
                   eat
                   but
                   very
                   little
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   feed
                   onely
                   on
                   what
                   they
                   see
                   before
                   them
                   ,
                   minding
                   more
                   the
                   track
                   of
                   the
                   Hindes
                   .
                   Their
                   chief
                   meat
                   is
                   the
                   red
                   Mushrome
                   ,
                   which
                   helps
                   them
                   to
                   evacuate
                   their
                   Grease
                   :
                   they
                   are
                   then
                   extraordinary
                   hot
                   ,
                   insomuch
                   ,
                   that
                   every
                   where
                   as
                   they
                   pass
                   and
                   find
                   waters
                   ,
                   they
                   tumble
                   and
                   lie
                   therein
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   The
                   time
                   of
                   Harts
                   Mewing
                   ,
                   or
                   Casting
                   the
                   Head.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   old
                   Hart
                   casteth
                   his
                   Head
                   sooner
                   than
                   the
                   young
                   :
                   and
                   the
                   time
                   is
                   about
                   the
                   months
                   of
                   February
                   and
                   March.
                   
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   if
                   you
                   geld
                   an
                   Hart
                   before
                   he
                   hath
                   an
                   Head
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   never
                   bear
                   any
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   you
                   geld
                   him
                   when
                   he
                   hath
                   it
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   never
                   after
                   Mew
                   or
                   cast
                   it
                   :
                   and
                   so
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   geld
                   him
                   when
                   he
                   hath
                   a
                   Velvet-head
                   ,
                   it
                   will
                   ever
                   be
                   so
                   ,
                   without
                   fraying
                   or
                   burnishing
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   cast
                   their
                   Heads
                   ,
                   they
                   instantly
                   withdraw
                   unto
                   the
                   Thickets
                   ,
                   hiding
                   themselves
                   in
                   such
                   convenient
                   places
                   where
                   they
                   may
                   have
                   good
                   Water
                   ,
                   and
                   strong
                   Feeding
                   ,
                   near
                   some
                   ground
                   where
                   Wheat
                   or
                   Pease
                   is
                   sown
                   :
                   But
                   young
                   Harts
                   do
                   never
                   betake
                   themselves
                   to
                   the
                   Thickets
                   till
                   they
                   have
                   born
                   their
                   third
                   Head
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   in
                   the
                   fourth
                   year
                   .
                
                 
                   After
                   they
                   have
                   Mewed
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   begin
                   to
                   Button
                   in
                   March
                   and
                   April
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   the
                   Sun
                   grows
                   strong
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   season
                   of
                   the
                   year
                   puts
                   forward
                   the
                   Crop
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   so
                   will
                   their
                   Heads
                   increase
                   in
                   all
                   respects
                   :
                   so
                   that
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   June
                   their
                   Heads
                   will
                   be
                   summed
                   as
                   much
                   as
                   they
                   will
                   bear
                   all
                   the
                   year
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Coats
                   and
                   Colour
                   of
                   Harts
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Coats
                   of
                   Harts
                   are
                   of
                   three
                   sundry
                   sorts
                   ,
                   
                     Brown
                     ,
                     Red
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Fallow
                   ;
                   and
                   of
                   every
                   of
                   these
                   Coats
                   there
                   proceeds
                   two
                   sorts
                   of
                   Harts
                   ,
                   the
                   one
                   are
                   great
                   ,
                   the
                   other
                   little
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   brown
                   Harts
                   ,
                   there
                   are
                   some
                   great
                   ,
                   long
                   ,
                   and
                   hairy
                   ,
                   bearing
                   a
                   high
                   Head
                   ,
                   red
                   of
                   colour
                   ,
                   and
                   well
                   
                   beam'd
                   ,
                   who
                   will
                   stand
                   before
                   Hounds
                   very
                   long
                   ,
                   being
                   longer
                   of
                   breath
                   ,
                   and
                   swifter
                   of
                   foot
                   than
                   those
                   of
                   a
                   shorter
                   stature
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   another
                   sort
                   of
                   brown
                   Harts
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   little
                   ,
                   short
                   ,
                   and
                   well-set
                   ,
                   bearing
                   commonly
                   a
                   black
                   Main
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   fatter
                   and
                   better
                   Venison
                   than
                   the
                   former
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   their
                   better
                   feeding
                   in
                   young
                   Copses
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   very
                   crafty
                   ,
                   especially
                   when
                   in
                   grease
                   ;
                   and
                   will
                   be
                   hardly
                   found
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   known
                   they
                   are
                   then
                   most
                   enquired
                   after
                   :
                   besides
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   very
                   sensible
                   they
                   cannot
                   then
                   stand
                   long
                   before
                   the
                   Hounds
                   .
                   If
                   they
                   be
                   old
                   ,
                   and
                   feed
                   in
                   good
                   ground
                   ,
                   then
                   are
                   their
                   Heads
                   black
                   ,
                   fair
                   ,
                   and
                   well
                   branched
                   ,
                   and
                   commonly
                   palmed
                   at
                   the
                   top
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Fallow
                   -
                   Harts
                   bear
                   their
                   Heads
                   high
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   a
                   whitish
                   colour
                   ,
                   their
                   Beams
                   small
                   ,
                   their
                   Antliers
                   long
                   ,
                   slender
                   ,
                   and
                   ill-grown
                   ,
                   having
                   neither
                   Heart
                   ,
                   Courage
                   ,
                   nor
                   Force
                   .
                   But
                   those
                   which
                   are
                   of
                   a
                   lively
                   Red-fallow
                   ,
                   having
                   a
                   black
                   or
                   brown
                   List
                   down
                   the
                   Ridge
                   of
                   the
                   Back
                   ,
                   are
                   strong
                   ,
                   bearing
                   fair
                   and
                   high
                   Heads
                   ,
                   well
                   furnished
                   and
                   beam'd
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Heads
                   and
                   Branches
                   of
                   Hearts
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   diversities
                   .
                
                 
                   As
                   there
                   are
                   several
                   sorts
                   of
                   Harts
                   ,
                   so
                   have
                   they
                   their
                   Heads
                   in
                   a
                   divers
                   sort
                   and
                   manner
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   their
                   Age
                   ,
                   Country
                   ,
                   Rest
                   ,
                   and
                   Feeding
                   .
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   bear
                   not
                   their
                   first
                   Head
                   ,
                   which
                   we
                   call
                   Broches
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   a
                   Fallow
                   -
                   Deer
                   Pricks
                   ,
                   until
                   they
                   enter
                   the
                   second
                   year
                   of
                   their
                   Age.
                   In
                   the
                   third
                   year
                   they
                   bear
                   four
                   ,
                   six
                   ,
                   or
                   eight
                   small
                   Branches
                   :
                   At
                   the
                   fourth
                   ,
                   they
                   bear
                   eight
                   or
                   ten
                   :
                   at
                   the
                   fifth
                   ,
                   ten
                   or
                   twelve
                   :
                   at
                   six
                   ,
                   fourteen
                   or
                   sixteen
                   :
                   and
                   at
                   the
                   seventh
                   year
                   they
                   bear
                   their
                   Heads
                   Beam'd
                   ,
                   Branched
                   ,
                   and
                   Summed
                   with
                   as
                   much
                   as
                   ever
                   they
                   will
                   bear
                   ,
                   and
                   do
                   never
                   multiply
                   but
                   in
                   greatness
                   onely
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   How
                   to
                   know
                   an
                   old
                   Hart
                   by
                   the
                   Slot
                   ,
                   Entries
                   ,
                   Abatures
                   and
                   Foils
                   ,
                   Fewmets
                   ,
                   Gate
                   and
                   Walks
                   ,
                   Fraying-Stocks
                   ,
                   Head
                   and
                   Branches
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   shall
                   proceed
                   in
                   order
                   ,
                   and
                   first
                   of
                   the
                   Slot
                   .
                   You
                   must
                   carefully
                   look
                   on
                   the
                   Treadings
                   of
                   the
                   Hart's
                   Foot
                   :
                   If
                   you
                   find
                   the
                   Treadings
                   of
                   two
                   ,
                   the
                   one
                   long
                   ,
                   the
                   other
                   round
                   ,
                   yet
                   both
                   of
                   one
                   bigness
                   ;
                   yet
                   shall
                   the
                   long
                   Slot
                   declare
                   the
                   Hart
                   to
                   be
                   much
                   larger
                   than
                   the
                   round
                   .
                
                 
                   Moreover
                   ,
                   the
                   old
                   Hart's
                   hind-foot
                   doth
                   never
                   over-reach
                   the
                   fore-foot
                   ;
                   the
                   young
                   one's
                   doth
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   above
                   all
                   ,
                   take
                   this
                   Observation
                   :
                   When
                   you
                   are
                   in
                   the
                   Wood
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   found
                   the
                   Slot
                   of
                   a
                   Hart
                   ,
                   mark
                   what
                   manner
                   of
                   Footing
                   it
                   is
                   ,
                   whether
                   worn
                   ,
                   or
                   sharp
                   ;
                   and
                   accordingly
                   observe
                   the
                   Country
                   ,
                   and
                   thereby
                   judge
                   whether
                   either
                   may
                   be
                   occasioned
                   thereby
                   .
                   For
                   Harts
                   bred
                   in
                   mountainous
                   and
                   stony
                   Countries
                   ,
                   have
                   their
                   Toes
                   and
                   sides
                   of
                   their
                   Feet
                   Worn
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   their
                   continual
                   climbing
                   and
                   resting
                   themselves
                   thereon
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   on
                   the
                   Heel
                   :
                   whereas
                   in
                   other
                   places
                   they
                   stay
                   themselves
                   more
                   on
                   the
                   Heel
                   than
                   Toes
                   :
                   For
                   in
                   soft
                   or
                   sandy
                   ground
                   they
                   slip
                   upon
                   the
                   Heel
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   their
                   weight
                   ;
                   and
                   thus
                   by
                   frequent
                   staying
                   themselves
                   thereon
                   ,
                   it
                   makes
                   the
                   Heel
                   grow
                   broader
                   and
                   greater
                   .
                   And
                   thus
                   you
                   may
                   know
                   the
                   age
                   of
                   a
                   Hart
                   by
                   his
                   Slot
                   or
                   Treading
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   next
                   thing
                   to
                   be
                   considered
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Fewmishing
                   ;
                   and
                   this
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   judged
                   of
                   in
                   April
                   or
                   May.
                   If
                   the
                   Fewmets
                   be
                   great
                   ,
                   large
                   ,
                   and
                   thick
                   ,
                   they
                   signifie
                   the
                   Hart
                   to
                   be
                   old
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   June
                   and
                   July
                   ,
                   they
                   make
                   their
                   Fewmets
                   or
                   Fewmishing
                   in
                   great
                   Croteys
                   ,
                   very
                   soft
                   ;
                   and
                   from
                   that
                   time
                   to
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   August
                   ,
                   they
                   make
                   them
                   great
                   ,
                   long
                   ,
                   knotty
                   ,
                   anointed
                   and
                   gilded
                   ,
                   letting
                   
                   them
                   fall
                   but
                   few
                   and
                   scattered
                   .
                   In
                   September
                   and
                   October
                   there
                   is
                   no
                   longer
                   judging
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   the
                   Rut.
                   
                
                 
                   Thirdly
                   ,
                   If
                   you
                   would
                   know
                   the
                   height
                   and
                   thickness
                   of
                   the
                   Hart
                   ,
                   observe
                   his
                   Entries
                   and
                   Galleries
                   into
                   the
                   Thickets
                   ,
                   and
                   what
                   Boughs
                   he
                   hath
                   over-stridden
                   ,
                   and
                   mark
                   from
                   thence
                   the
                   height
                   of
                   his
                   Belly
                   from
                   the
                   ground
                   .
                
                 
                   By
                   the
                   height
                   of
                   the
                   Entries
                   ,
                   we
                   judge
                   the
                   age
                   of
                   a
                   Hart
                   :
                   for
                   a
                   young
                   Deer
                   is
                   such
                   as
                   creeps
                   usually
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   old
                   is
                   stiff
                   and
                   stately
                   .
                
                 
                   His
                   greatness
                   is
                   known
                   by
                   the
                   height
                   of
                   his
                   creeping
                   as
                   he
                   passes
                   to
                   his
                   Harbour
                   ;
                   the
                   young
                   Deer
                   creeping
                   low
                   ,
                   which
                   the
                   old
                   will
                   not
                   stoop
                   to
                   .
                
                 
                   Fourthly
                   ,
                   Take
                   notice
                   of
                   his
                   Gate
                   ,
                   by
                   which
                   you
                   may
                   know
                   whether
                   the
                   Hart
                   be
                   great
                   and
                   long
                   ,
                   and
                   whether
                   he
                   will
                   stand
                   long
                   before
                   the
                   Hounds
                   or
                   not
                   .
                   For
                   all
                   Harts
                   which
                   have
                   a
                   long
                   step
                   will
                   stand
                   up
                   very
                   long
                   ,
                   being
                   swift
                   ,
                   light
                   ,
                   and
                   well
                   breath'd
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   he
                   leave
                   a
                   great
                   Slot
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   signe
                   of
                   an
                   old
                   Deer
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   never
                   stand
                   long
                   when
                   he
                   is
                   chased
                   .
                
                 
                   Lastly
                   ,
                   Take
                   notice
                   of
                   his
                   Fraying-post
                   :
                   Where
                   note
                   ,
                   the
                   elder
                   the
                   Hart
                   is
                   ,
                   the
                   sooner
                   he
                   goeth
                   to
                   Fray
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   greater
                   is
                   the
                   Tree
                   he
                   seeketh
                   to
                   Fray
                   upon
                   ,
                   and
                   such
                   as
                   he
                   cannot
                   bend
                   with
                   his
                   Head.
                   
                
                 
                   All
                   Stags
                   as
                   they
                   are
                   burnish'd
                   ,
                   beat
                   their
                   Heads
                   dry
                   against
                   some
                   Tree
                   or
                   other
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   called
                   their
                   Fraying-post
                   :
                   The
                   younger
                   Deer
                   against
                   weaker
                   and
                   lesser
                   Trees
                   ,
                   and
                   lower
                   ;
                   the
                   elder
                   against
                   bigger
                   and
                   stronger
                   ,
                   and
                   Fray
                   higher
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   accordingly
                   we
                   confidently
                   judge
                   of
                   their
                   age
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   nearness
                   of
                   their
                   Harbour
                   ;
                   for
                   that
                   is
                   the
                   last
                   Ceremony
                   they
                   use
                   before
                   they
                   enter
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   As
                   to
                   the
                   Head
                   and
                   Branches
                   ,
                   the
                   Hart
                   is
                   old
                   ,
                   First
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   compass
                   of
                   the
                   Bur
                   is
                   large
                   ,
                   great
                   ,
                   and
                   well
                   pearl'd
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Secondly
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   Beam
                   is
                   great
                   ,
                   burnished
                   ,
                   and
                   well
                   pearl'd
                   ,
                   being
                   straight
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   made
                   crooked
                   by
                   the
                   Antliers
                   .
                
                 
                   Thirdly
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   Gutters
                   therein
                   are
                   great
                   and
                   deep
                   .
                
                 
                   Fourthly
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   first
                   Antlier
                   ,
                   called
                   Antoiller
                   ,
                   is
                   great
                   ,
                   long
                   ,
                   and
                   near
                   to
                   the
                   Bur
                   ;
                   the
                   Surantlier
                   near
                   unto
                   the
                   Antlier
                   :
                   and
                   they
                   ought
                   to
                   be
                   both
                   well
                   pearl'd
                   .
                
                 
                   Fifthly
                   ,
                   The
                   rest
                   of
                   the
                   Branches
                   which
                   are
                   higher
                   ,
                   being
                   well
                   ordered
                   and
                   set
                   ,
                   and
                   well
                   grown
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   bigness
                   and
                   proportion
                   of
                   the
                   Head
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   Croches
                   ,
                   Palm
                   or
                   Crown
                   being
                   great
                   and
                   large
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   bigness
                   of
                   the
                   Beam
                   ,
                   are
                   the
                   signes
                   of
                   an
                   old
                   Hart.
                   
                
                 
                   Now
                   since
                   many
                   men
                   cannot
                   understand
                   the
                   names
                   and
                   diversities
                   of
                   Heads
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   Terms
                   of
                   Hunting
                   ,
                   I
                   shall
                   in
                   the
                   following
                   Chapter
                   give
                   you
                   a
                   brief
                   account
                   thereof
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   Names
                   and
                   diversities
                   of
                   Heads
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   Hunting-Terms
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   thing
                   that
                   beareth
                   the
                   Antliers
                   ,
                   Royals
                   ,
                   and
                   Tops
                   ,
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   Beam
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   little
                   streaks
                   therein
                   are
                   called
                   Gutters
                   .
                
                 
                   That
                   which
                   is
                   about
                   the
                   Crust
                   of
                   the
                   Beam
                   ,
                   is
                   termed
                   Pearls
                   :
                   and
                   that
                   which
                   is
                   about
                   the
                   Bur
                   it self
                   ,
                   formed
                   like
                   little
                   Pearls
                   ,
                   is
                   called
                   
                     Pearls
                     bigger
                     than
                     the
                     rest
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Bur
                   is
                   next
                   the
                   Head
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   which
                   is
                   about
                   the
                   Bur
                   ,
                   is
                   called
                   Pearls
                   .
                   The
                   first
                   is
                   called
                   Antlier
                   ;
                   the
                   second
                   ,
                   Surantlier
                   :
                   All
                   the
                   rest
                   which
                   grow
                   afterwards
                   ,
                   until
                   you
                   come
                   to
                   the
                   Crown
                   ,
                   Palm
                   ,
                   or
                   Croche
                   ,
                   are
                   called
                   Rovals
                   ,
                   and
                   Sur-royals
                   :
                   The
                   little
                   Buds
                   or
                   Broches
                   about
                   the
                   Top
                   ,
                   are
                   called
                   Croches
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Their
                   Heads
                   go
                   by
                   several
                   Names
                   :
                   The
                   first
                   Head
                   is
                   called
                   a
                   
                     Crowned
                     Top
                  
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   Croches
                   are
                   ranged
                   in
                   form
                   of
                   a
                   Crown
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   is
                   called
                   a
                   
                     Palmed
                     Top
                  
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   Croches
                   are
                   formed
                   like
                   a
                   mans
                   Hand
                   .
                
                 
                   Thirdly
                   ,
                   all
                   Heads
                   which
                   bear
                   not
                   above
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   ,
                   the
                   Croches
                   being
                   placed
                   aloft
                   ,
                   all
                   of
                   one
                   height
                   ,
                   in
                   form
                   of
                   a
                   cluster
                   of
                   Nuts
                   ,
                   are
                   to
                   be
                   called
                   Heads
                   of
                   so
                   many
                   Croches
                   .
                
                 
                   Fourthly
                   ,
                   all
                   Heads
                   which
                   bear
                   two
                   in
                   the
                   Top
                   ,
                   or
                   having
                   their
                   Croches
                   doubling
                   ,
                   are
                   to
                   be
                   called
                   
                     Forked
                     Heads
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   Fifthly
                   ,
                   all
                   Heads
                   which
                   have
                   double
                   Burs
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   Antliers
                   ,
                   Royals
                   ,
                   and
                   Croches
                   turned
                   downwards
                   ,
                   contrary
                   to
                   other
                   Heads
                   ,
                   are
                   onely
                   called
                   Heads
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   seek
                   a
                   Hart
                   in
                   his
                   Haunts
                   or
                   Feeding-places
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   seasons
                   of
                   the
                   year
                   .
                
                 
                   All
                   Harts
                   do
                   change
                   their
                   manner
                   of
                   Feeding
                   every
                   month
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   I
                   shall
                   treat
                   orderly
                   of
                   every
                   one
                   till
                   I
                   have
                   concluded
                   the
                   year
                   ;
                   beginning
                   with
                   that
                   month
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   conclusion
                   of
                   their
                   Rutting-time
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   is
                   November
                   ,
                   in
                   which
                   month
                   they
                   feed
                   in
                   Heaths
                   and
                   Broomy
                   places
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   December
                   they
                   Herd
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   withdraw
                   themselves
                   into
                   the
                   strength
                   of
                   the
                   Forests
                   ,
                   to
                   shelter
                   themselves
                   from
                   the
                   cold
                   Winds
                   ,
                   Snows
                   ,
                   and
                   Frosts
                   ,
                   and
                   do
                   feed
                   on
                   the
                   Holm-trees
                   ,
                   Elder-trees
                   ,
                   Brambles
                   ,
                   with
                   whatsoever
                   other
                   green
                   thing
                   they
                   can
                   find
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   it
                   snow
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   skin
                   the
                   Trees
                   like
                   a
                   Goat
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   
                     January
                     ,
                     February
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   March
                   ,
                   they
                   leave
                   Herdding
                   ,
                   but
                   will
                   keep
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   in
                   company
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   corners
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   will
                   feed
                   on
                   the
                   Winter-pasture
                   ;
                   sometimes
                   making
                   their
                   incursions
                   into
                   the
                   neighbouring
                   Corn-Fields
                   ,
                   if
                   they
                   can
                   perceive
                   the
                   
                   blades
                   of
                   Wheat
                   ,
                   Rie
                   ,
                   or
                   such-like
                   ,
                   appear
                   above
                   ground
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   April
                   and
                   May
                   they
                   rest
                   in
                   their
                   Thickets
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   bushy
                   and
                   shady
                   places
                   ,
                   during
                   that
                   season
                   ,
                   and
                   stir
                   very
                   little
                   till
                   Rutting-time
                   ,
                   unless
                   they
                   are
                   disturb'd
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   some
                   Hearts
                   are
                   so
                   cunning
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   will
                   have
                   two
                   several
                   Layrs
                   to
                   harbour
                   in
                   ,
                   a
                   good
                   distance
                   one
                   from
                   the
                   other
                   ;
                   and
                   will
                   frequently
                   change
                   (
                   for
                   their
                   greater
                   security
                   )
                   from
                   the
                   one
                   to
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   taking
                   still
                   the
                   benefit
                   of
                   the
                   Wind.
                   
                
                 
                   In
                   these
                   months
                   they
                   go
                   not
                   to
                   the
                   Soil
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   the
                   moisture
                   of
                   the
                   Spring
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Dew
                   that
                   continually
                   overspreadeth
                   the
                   Grass
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   
                     June
                     ,
                     July
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   August
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   in
                   their
                   pride
                   of
                   grease
                   ,
                   and
                   do
                   resort
                   to
                   Spring-Copses
                   ,
                   and
                   Corn-fields
                   ;
                   onely
                   they
                   seldom
                   go
                   where
                   Rye
                   or
                   Barley
                   grow
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   September
                   and
                   October
                   they
                   leave
                   their
                   Thickets
                   and
                   go
                   to
                   Rut
                   ;
                   during
                   which
                   season
                   they
                   have
                   no
                   certain
                   place
                   either
                   for
                   food
                   or
                   harbour
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   In
                   what
                   manner
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   shall
                   go
                   drawing
                   in
                   the
                   Springs
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   him
                   not
                   come
                   too
                   early
                   into
                   the
                   Springs
                   or
                   Hewts
                   where
                   he
                   thinketh
                   the
                   Hart
                   feedeth
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   at
                   relief
                   .
                   For
                   they
                   usually
                   go
                   to
                   their
                   Layrs
                   in
                   the
                   Springs
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   they
                   be
                   old
                   crafty
                   Deer
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   return
                   to
                   the
                   border
                   of
                   the
                   Copse
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   listen
                   whether
                   they
                   can
                   hear
                   any
                   approaching
                   danger
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   they
                   chance
                   once
                   to
                   vent
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   or
                   the
                   Hound
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   instantly
                   dislodge
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   is
                   the
                   Huntsman's
                   proper
                   time
                   .
                   Let
                   him
                   beat
                   the
                   outsides
                   of
                   the
                   Springs
                   or
                   Thickets
                   :
                   if
                   he
                   find
                   the
                   Track
                   of
                   an
                   Hart
                   or
                   Deer
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   observe
                   
                   whether
                   it
                   be
                   new
                   ;
                   which
                   he
                   may
                   know
                   thus
                   ;
                   the
                   Dew
                   will
                   be
                   beaten
                   off
                   ,
                   the
                   Foil
                   fresh
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   ground
                   broken
                   or
                   printed
                   ,
                   with
                   other
                   tokens
                   :
                   so
                   he
                   may
                   judge
                   his
                   Game
                   lately
                   went
                   that
                   way
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   found
                   this
                   Slot
                   or
                   Treading
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Hound
                   sticking
                   well
                   upon
                   it
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   hold
                   him
                   short
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   shall
                   better
                   draw
                   being
                   so
                   held
                   ,
                   than
                   if
                   he
                   were
                   let
                   at
                   length
                   of
                   the
                   Lyam
                   :
                   and
                   thus
                   let
                   him
                   draw
                   till
                   he
                   is
                   come
                   to
                   the
                   Covert
                   ,
                   if
                   possible
                   ,
                   taking
                   notice
                   by
                   the
                   way
                   of
                   the
                   Slot
                   ,
                   Foils
                   ,
                   Entries
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   like
                   ,
                   till
                   he
                   hath
                   harboured
                   him
                   .
                   That
                   done
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   plash
                   down
                   small
                   Twigs
                   ,
                   some
                   above
                   ,
                   and
                   some
                   below
                   ,
                   as
                   he
                   shall
                   think
                   fit
                   :
                   and
                   then
                   ,
                   whilst
                   the
                   Hound
                   is
                   hot
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   beat
                   the
                   outsides
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   his
                   Ring-walks
                   twice
                   or
                   thrice
                   about
                   the
                   Wood
                   ,
                   one
                   while
                   by
                   the
                   great
                   and
                   open
                   ways
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   may
                   help
                   himself
                   by
                   the
                   Eye
                   ;
                   another
                   while
                   through
                   the
                   thick
                   and
                   Covert
                   ,
                   for
                   fear
                   lest
                   his
                   Hound
                   should
                   overshoot
                   it
                   ,
                   having
                   still
                   better
                   Scent
                   in
                   the
                   Coverts
                   than
                   High-ways
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   he
                   doubt
                   the
                   Hart
                   is
                   gone
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Ring-walks
                   ,
                   or
                   fears
                   he
                   hath
                   drawn
                   amiss
                   ;
                   then
                   let
                   him
                   go
                   to
                   the
                   marks
                   which
                   he
                   plashed
                   ,
                   and
                   draw
                   counter
                   ,
                   till
                   he
                   may
                   take
                   up
                   the
                   Fewmet
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   directions
                   for
                   Harbouring
                   a
                   Stag
                   are
                   these
                   :
                
                 
                   The
                   Harbourer
                   having
                   taught
                   his
                   Hound
                   to
                   draw
                   mute
                   always
                   round
                   the
                   outside
                   of
                   the
                   Covert
                   ,
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   his
                   Hound
                   challenges
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   knows
                   by
                   his
                   eager
                   flourishing
                   ,
                   and
                   straining
                   his
                   Lyam
                   ,
                   he
                   then
                   is
                   to
                   seek
                   for
                   his
                   Slot
                   :
                   If
                   he
                   findes
                   the
                   Heel
                   thick
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Toe
                   spreading
                   broad
                   ,
                   it
                   argues
                   an
                   old
                   Deer
                   ,
                   especially
                   if
                   it
                   is
                   fringed
                   ,
                   (
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   broken
                   on
                   the
                   sides
                   .
                   )
                   However
                   ,
                   if
                   the
                   ground
                   be
                   too
                   hard
                   to
                   make
                   any
                   judgment
                   from
                   the
                   Slot
                   ,
                   he
                   is
                   to
                   draw
                   into
                   the
                   Covert
                   ,
                   as
                   he
                   passes
                   observing
                   the
                   size
                   of
                   the
                   Entries
                   ;
                   the
                   larger
                   
                   and
                   higher
                   ,
                   the
                   elder
                   the
                   Deer
                   ;
                   as
                   also
                   his
                   Croppings
                   of
                   the
                   Tenders
                   as
                   he
                   passes
                   :
                   (
                   the
                   younger
                   the
                   Deer
                   ,
                   the
                   lower
                   ;
                   the
                   elder
                   the
                   Deer
                   ,
                   the
                   higher
                   he
                   branches
                   .
                   )
                   Also
                   observe
                   his
                   Fewmishings
                   as
                   you
                   pass
                   ,
                   whose
                   largeness
                   bespeak
                   the
                   largeness
                   of
                   the
                   Deer
                   ;
                   also
                   be
                   curious
                   in
                   observing
                   his
                   Fraying-post
                   ,
                   which
                   usually
                   is
                   the
                   last
                   opportunity
                   you
                   have
                   to
                   judge
                   by
                   ,
                   the
                   eldest
                   Deer
                   Fraying
                   highest
                   against
                   the
                   biggest
                   Trees
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   found
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   conclude
                   his
                   Harbour
                   not
                   far
                   off
                   ;
                   therefore
                   draw
                   with
                   more
                   circumspection
                   ,
                   checking
                   your
                   Draught-hound
                   to
                   secure
                   him
                   from
                   spending
                   when
                   he
                   comes
                   so
                   near
                   as
                   to
                   have
                   the
                   Deer
                   in
                   the
                   Wind
                   :
                   and
                   then
                   by
                   his
                   eagerness
                   you
                   having
                   discovered
                   that
                   ,
                   ought
                   to
                   draw
                   him
                   ;
                   and
                   having
                   retired
                   some
                   distance
                   back
                   ,
                   you
                   are
                   with
                   your
                   Hound
                   to
                   round
                   the
                   place
                   first
                   at
                   a
                   considerable
                   distance
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   find
                   him
                   not
                   disturbed
                   ,
                   a
                   little
                   within
                   that
                   make
                   your
                   second
                   round
                   ;
                   which
                   will
                   not
                   onely
                   secure
                   you
                   that
                   he
                   is
                   in
                   his
                   Harbour
                   ,
                   but
                   will
                   also
                   secure
                   his
                   continuance
                   there
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   will
                   not
                   (
                   unforc'd
                   )
                   pass
                   that
                   Taint
                   your
                   Hound
                   hath
                   left
                   in
                   the
                   rounding
                   of
                   him
                   .
                   So
                   that
                   having
                   broken
                   a
                   bough
                   for
                   his
                   direction
                   ,
                   he
                   may
                   at
                   any
                   time
                   unharbour
                   that
                   Hart.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   find
                   a
                   Hart
                   lost
                   the
                   night
                   before
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Huntsman
                   may
                   fail
                   of
                   killing
                   a
                   Hart
                   divers
                   ways
                   ;
                   sometimes
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   great
                   heat
                   ,
                   or
                   overtaken
                   with
                   the
                   night
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   like
                   .
                   If
                   any
                   such
                   thing
                   should
                   happen
                   ,
                   then
                   thus
                   you
                   must
                   do
                   .
                   First
                   ,
                   they
                   which
                   follow
                   the
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   must
                   mark
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   they
                   left
                   the
                   Chase
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   break
                   of
                   day
                   bring
                   your
                   Blood-hound
                   to
                   it
                   with
                   your
                   Kennel
                   after
                   him
                   .
                   If
                   any
                   hound
                   vents
                   ,
                   whom
                   he
                   knows
                   to
                   be
                   no
                   Lier
                   or
                   Babler
                   ,
                   he
                   shall
                   put
                   his
                   Hound
                   to
                   it
                   ,
                   whooping
                   twice
                   ,
                   or
                   blowing
                   two
                   Notes
                   with
                   his
                   Horn
                   ,
                   to
                   call
                   all
                   his
                   fellows
                   
                   about
                   him
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   he
                   find
                   where
                   the
                   Hart
                   is
                   gone
                   into
                   some
                   likely
                   Govert
                   or
                   Grove
                   ,
                   then
                   must
                   he
                   draw
                   his
                   Hounds
                   about
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   beat
                   cross
                   through
                   it
                   .
                   And
                   if
                   there
                   he
                   renews
                   his
                   Slot
                   or
                   View
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   first
                   consider
                   whether
                   it
                   be
                   the
                   right
                   or
                   not
                   :
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   the
                   right
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   blow
                   his
                   Horn.
                   Now
                   if
                   he
                   find
                   five
                   or
                   six
                   Layrs
                   ,
                   let
                   it
                   not
                   seem
                   strange
                   ;
                   for
                   Harts
                   hunted
                   and
                   spent
                   ,
                   do
                   frequently
                   make
                   many
                   Layrs
                   together
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   cannot
                   stand
                   ,
                   but
                   lie
                   and
                   feed
                   .
                
                 
                   Harts
                   which
                   are
                   hunted
                   ,
                   most
                   commonly
                   run
                   up
                   the
                   Wind
                   ,
                   and
                   straight
                   forwards
                   as
                   far
                   as
                   they
                   are
                   able
                   ,
                   and
                   finding
                   any
                   Water
                   or
                   Soil
                   ,
                   do
                   stay
                   a
                   long
                   time
                   therein
                   ;
                   by
                   which
                   means
                   their
                   Joynts
                   are
                   so
                   benummed
                   and
                   stiffned
                   ,
                   that
                   coming
                   out
                   they
                   cannot
                   go
                   far
                   ,
                   nor
                   stand
                   up
                   long
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   are
                   compelled
                   to
                   take
                   any
                   Harbour
                   they
                   can
                   finde
                   ,
                   which
                   may
                   be
                   a
                   present
                   Covert
                   to
                   them
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   find
                   a
                   Hart
                   in
                   high
                   Woods
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   seeking
                   of
                   a
                   Hart
                   in
                   high
                   Woods
                   ,
                   regard
                   must
                   be
                   had
                   to
                   two
                   things
                   ;
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   the
                   Thickets
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Season
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   it
                   be
                   in
                   very
                   hot
                   weather
                   ,
                   Gnats
                   ,
                   Horse-flies
                   ,
                   and
                   such-like
                   ,
                   drive
                   the
                   Deer
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   high
                   Wood
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   disperse
                   themselves
                   into
                   small
                   Groves
                   and
                   Thickets
                   near
                   places
                   of
                   good
                   feeding
                   .
                   According
                   to
                   the
                   Coverts
                   which
                   are
                   in
                   the
                   Forest
                   ,
                   so
                   accordingly
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   must
                   make
                   his
                   enquiry
                   .
                   For
                   sometimes
                   the
                   Harts
                   lie
                   in
                   the
                   Tufts
                   of
                   White-thorn
                   ;
                   sometimes
                   under
                   little
                   Trees
                   ;
                   otherwhiles
                   under
                   great
                   Trees
                   in
                   the
                   high
                   Woods
                   ;
                   and
                   sometimes
                   in
                   the
                   Skirts
                   of
                   the
                   Forest
                   under
                   the
                   shelter
                   of
                   little
                   Groves
                   and
                   Copses
                   .
                   And
                   therefore
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   must
                   make
                   his
                   Ring-walk
                   great
                   or
                   small
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   largeness
                   of
                   those
                   Harbours
                   or
                   Goverts
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   How
                   to
                   Unharbour
                   a
                   Hart
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   off
                   the
                   Hounds
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   the
                   Relays
                   are
                   well
                   set
                   and
                   placed
                   ,
                   let
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   with
                   his
                   Pole
                   walk
                   before
                   the
                   Kennel
                   of
                   Hounds
                   :
                   Being
                   come
                   to
                   the
                   Blemishes
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   take
                   notice
                   of
                   the
                   Slot
                   ,
                   and
                   such
                   other
                   marks
                   as
                   may
                   be
                   observed
                   from
                   the
                   View
                   of
                   the
                   Deer
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   intent
                   he
                   may
                   know
                   whether
                   the
                   Hounds
                   run
                   Riot
                   or
                   not
                   .
                   Then
                   let
                   the
                   Huntsmen
                   cast
                   abroad
                   about
                   the
                   Covert
                   ,
                   to
                   discover
                   the
                   Hart
                   when
                   he
                   is
                   unharboured
                   ,
                   the
                   better
                   to
                   distinguish
                   him
                   by
                   his
                   Head
                   or
                   otherwise
                   .
                   The
                   Huntsman
                   having
                   unharboured
                   him
                   ,
                   all
                   the
                   Hounds
                   shall
                   be
                   cast
                   off
                   ,
                   they
                   crying
                   one
                   and
                   all
                   ,
                   
                     To
                     him
                     ,
                     to
                     him
                     ;
                     That
                     's
                     he
                     ,
                     that
                     's
                     he
                     ,
                  
                   with
                   such
                   words
                   of
                   encouragement
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   the
                   Blood-hound
                   as
                   he
                   draweth
                   chance
                   to
                   overshoot
                   ,
                   and
                   draw
                   wrong
                   or
                   counter
                   ,
                   then
                   must
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   draw
                   him
                   back
                   ,
                   and
                   say
                   ,
                   
                     Back
                     ,
                     back
                     ,
                     Soft
                     ,
                     soft
                     ,
                  
                   until
                   he
                   hath
                   set
                   him
                   right
                   again
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   he
                   perceive
                   that
                   the
                   Hound
                   hath
                   mended
                   his
                   fault
                   ,
                   by
                   his
                   kneeling
                   down
                   ,
                   and
                   observing
                   the
                   Slot
                   or
                   Ports
                   ,
                   he
                   must
                   then
                   cherish
                   him
                   ,
                   by
                   clapping
                   him
                   on
                   the
                   Back
                   ,
                   and
                   giving
                   him
                   some
                   encouraging
                   words
                   .
                   Thus
                   let
                   him
                   draw
                   on
                   with
                   his
                   Hound
                   till
                   the
                   Deer
                   be
                   descried
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   some
                   are
                   so
                   cunning
                   and
                   crafty
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   unharboured
                   from
                   their
                   Layr
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   coast
                   round
                   about
                   to
                   finde
                   some
                   other
                   Deer
                   ,
                   whereby
                   the
                   Hounds
                   may
                   be
                   confounded
                   in
                   the
                   change
                   of
                   hunts
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   have
                   the
                   Hart
                   in
                   view
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   still
                   draw
                   upon
                   the
                   Slot
                   ,
                   blowing
                   and
                   hollowing
                   until
                   the
                   Hounds
                   are
                   come
                   in
                   .
                   When
                   he
                   seeth
                   they
                   are
                   in
                   full
                   cry
                   ,
                   and
                   take
                   it
                   right
                   ,
                   he
                   may
                   then
                   mount
                   ,
                   keeping
                   under
                   the
                   Wind
                   ,
                   and
                   coast
                   to
                   cross
                   the
                   Hounds
                   that
                   are
                   in
                   chase
                   ,
                   to
                   help
                   them
                   at
                   default
                   ,
                   if
                   need
                   require
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   What
                   subtilties
                   are
                   used
                   in
                   Hunting
                   a
                   Hart
                   at
                   force
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   never
                   come
                   nearer
                   the
                   Hounds
                   in
                   cry
                   ,
                   than
                   fifty
                   or
                   threescore
                   paces
                   ,
                   especially
                   at
                   the
                   first
                   uncoupling
                   ,
                   or
                   at
                   casting
                   off
                   their
                   Relays
                   .
                   For
                   if
                   a
                   Hart
                   make
                   Doublings
                   ,
                   or
                   wheel
                   about
                   ,
                   or
                   cross
                   before
                   the
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   as
                   he
                   seldom
                   doth
                   ;
                   if
                   then
                   you
                   come
                   in
                   too
                   hastily
                   ,
                   you
                   will
                   spoil
                   the
                   Slot
                   or
                   View
                   ;
                   and
                   so
                   the
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   for
                   want
                   of
                   Scent
                   ,
                   will
                   be
                   apt
                   to
                   overshoot
                   the
                   Chase
                   :
                   but
                   if
                   after
                   hunting
                   an
                   hour
                   ,
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   perceive
                   that
                   the
                   Hart
                   makes
                   out
                   end-ways
                   before
                   the
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   they
                   follow
                   in
                   full
                   cry
                   ,
                   taking
                   it
                   right
                   ,
                   then
                   he
                   may
                   come
                   in
                   nearer
                   ,
                   and
                   blow
                   a
                   Recheat
                   to
                   the
                   Hounds
                   to
                   encourage
                   them
                   .
                   Hereupon
                   the
                   Hart
                   will
                   frequently
                   seek
                   other
                   Deer
                   at
                   Layr
                   ,
                   and
                   rouze
                   them
                   ,
                   on
                   purpose
                   to
                   make
                   the
                   Hounds
                   hunt
                   change
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   lie
                   down
                   flat
                   in
                   some
                   of
                   their
                   Layrs
                   upon
                   his
                   Belly
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   let
                   the
                   Hounds
                   over-shoot
                   him
                   :
                   and
                   because
                   they
                   shall
                   neither
                   scent
                   or
                   vent
                   him
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   gather
                   up
                   all
                   his
                   four
                   Feet
                   under
                   his
                   Belly
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   blow
                   and
                   breath
                   on
                   some
                   moist
                   place
                   of
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   in
                   such
                   sort
                   ,
                   that
                   I
                   have
                   seen
                   the
                   Hounds
                   pass
                   by
                   such
                   a
                   Hart
                   within
                   a
                   yard
                   ,
                   and
                   never
                   vent
                   him
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   which
                   cause
                   Huntsmen
                   should
                   blemish
                   at
                   such
                   places
                   they
                   see
                   the
                   Hart
                   enter
                   into
                   a
                   Thicket
                   ,
                   to
                   this
                   end
                   ,
                   that
                   if
                   the
                   Hounds
                   should
                   fall
                   to
                   change
                   ,
                   they
                   may
                   return
                   to
                   those
                   Blemishes
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   their
                   Hounds
                   to
                   the
                   right
                   Slot
                   and
                   View
                   ,
                   until
                   they
                   have
                   rouzed
                   or
                   found
                   him
                   again
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Hart
                   hath
                   another
                   way
                   to
                   bring
                   the
                   Hounds
                   to
                   change
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   seeth
                   himself
                   closely
                   pursued
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   he
                   cannot
                   shun
                   them
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   break
                   into
                   one
                   Thicket
                   after
                   another
                   to
                   finde
                   Deer
                   ,
                   rouzing
                   and
                   herding
                   with
                   them
                   ,
                   continuing
                   so
                   to
                   do
                   sometimes
                   above
                   an
                   hour
                   before
                   he
                   will
                   part
                   from
                   them
                   ,
                   or
                   
                   break
                   Herd
                   .
                   Finding
                   himself
                   spent
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   break
                   herd
                   ,
                   and
                   fall
                   a
                   doubling
                   and
                   crossing
                   in
                   some
                   hard
                   High-way
                   that
                   is
                   much
                   beaten
                   ,
                   or
                   else
                   in
                   some
                   River
                   or
                   Brook
                   ,
                   in
                   which
                   he
                   will
                   keep
                   as
                   long
                   as
                   his
                   breath
                   will
                   permit
                   him
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   he
                   be
                   far
                   before
                   the
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   it
                   may
                   be
                   then
                   he
                   will
                   use
                   his
                   former
                   device
                   ,
                   in
                   gathering
                   his
                   Legs
                   up
                   under
                   his
                   belly
                   as
                   he
                   lies
                   flat
                   along
                   upon
                   some
                   hard
                   and
                   dry
                   place
                   .
                   Sometimes
                   he
                   will
                   take
                   soil
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   cover
                   himself
                   under
                   the
                   water
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   shall
                   perceive
                   nothing
                   but
                   his
                   Nose
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   this
                   case
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   must
                   have
                   a
                   special
                   regard
                   to
                   his
                   old
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   who
                   will
                   hunt
                   leisurely
                   and
                   fearfully
                   ;
                   whereas
                   the
                   young
                   Hounds
                   will
                   over-shoot
                   their
                   Game
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   it
                   so
                   chance
                   that
                   the
                   Hounds
                   are
                   at
                   a
                   default
                   ,
                   and
                   hunt
                   in
                   several
                   companies
                   ,
                   then
                   it
                   may
                   be
                   guessed
                   that
                   the
                   Hart
                   hath
                   broken
                   herd
                   from
                   the
                   fresh
                   Deer
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   the
                   fresh
                   Deer
                   have
                   separated
                   themselves
                   also
                   :
                   then
                   regard
                   how
                   the
                   old
                   Staunch-hounds
                   make
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   observe
                   the
                   Slot
                   ;
                   and
                   where
                   you
                   see
                   any
                   of
                   the
                   old
                   Hounds
                   challenge
                   ,
                   cherish
                   and
                   encourage
                   him
                   ,
                   hastening
                   the
                   rest
                   in
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   by
                   crying
                   Hark
                   to
                   such
                   a
                   Hound
                   ,
                   calling
                   him
                   by
                   his
                   Name
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   noted
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   cannot
                   make
                   it
                   so
                   good
                   in
                   the
                   hard
                   High-ways
                   as
                   in
                   other
                   places
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   cannot
                   have
                   there
                   so
                   perfect
                   a
                   scent
                   ,
                   either
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   the
                   Tracks
                   or
                   Footing
                   of
                   divers
                   sorts
                   of
                   beasts
                   ,
                   or
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   the
                   Sun
                   drying
                   up
                   the
                   moisture
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   the
                   dust
                   covereth
                   the
                   Slot
                   :
                   now
                   in
                   such
                   places
                   (
                   such
                   is
                   the
                   natural
                   subtilty
                   of
                   that
                   beast
                   for
                   self-preservation
                   )
                   the
                   Hart
                   will
                   make
                   many
                   Corsses
                   and
                   Doublings
                   ,
                   holding
                   them
                   long
                   together
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   the
                   Hounds
                   give
                   over
                   the
                   Chase.
                   
                
                 
                   In
                   this
                   case
                   ,
                   the
                   first
                   care
                   of
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   is
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   good
                   the
                   Head
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   draw
                   round
                   apace
                   ,
                   first
                   down
                   the
                   Wind
                   ,
                   though
                   usually
                   Deer
                   go
                   up
                   the
                   Wind
                   :
                   
                   and
                   if
                   the
                   way
                   is
                   too
                   hard
                   to
                   Slot
                   ,
                   be
                   sure
                   to
                   try
                   far
                   enough
                   back
                   .
                   This
                   expert
                   Hounds
                   will
                   frequently
                   do
                   of
                   themselves
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   if
                   a
                   Hart
                   break
                   out
                   into
                   the
                   Champion-country
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   it
                   be
                   in
                   the
                   heat
                   of
                   the
                   day
                   ,
                   between
                   Noon
                   and
                   three
                   of
                   the
                   clock
                   ;
                   then
                   if
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   perceive
                   his
                   Hounds
                   out
                   of
                   breath
                   ,
                   he
                   must
                   not
                   force
                   them
                   much
                   ,
                   but
                   comfort
                   them
                   ;
                   and
                   though
                   they
                   do
                   not
                   call
                   upon
                   the
                   Slot
                   or
                   View
                   ,
                   yet
                   it
                   is
                   sufficient
                   if
                   they
                   but
                   wag
                   their
                   Tails
                   ;
                   for
                   ,
                   being
                   almost
                   spent
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   painful
                   for
                   them
                   to
                   call
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   last
                   Refuge
                   of
                   a
                   Hart
                   sorely
                   hunted
                   is
                   the
                   Water
                   ,
                   (
                   which
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   Art
                   ,
                   is
                   termed
                   the
                   Soil
                   )
                   swimming
                   oftnest
                   down
                   the
                   Stream
                   ,
                   keeping
                   the
                   middle
                   ,
                   fearing
                   lest
                   by
                   touching
                   any
                   bough
                   by
                   the
                   Water-side
                   he
                   may
                   give
                   scent
                   unto
                   the
                   Hounds
                   .
                
                 
                   Always
                   when
                   you
                   come
                   to
                   a
                   Soil
                   ,
                   (
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   old
                   Rule
                   :
                   
                     He
                     that
                     will
                     his
                     Chase
                     finde
                     ,
                     let
                     him
                     first
                     try
                     up
                     the
                     River
                     ,
                     and
                     down
                     the
                     Wind
                     )
                  
                   be
                   sure
                   if
                   your
                   Hounds
                   challenge
                   but
                   a
                   yard
                   above
                   his
                   going
                   in
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   is
                   gone
                   up
                   the
                   River
                   :
                   for
                   though
                   he
                   should
                   keep
                   the
                   very
                   middle
                   of
                   the
                   Stream
                   ,
                   yet
                   will
                   that
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   help
                   of
                   the
                   Wind
                   ,
                   lodge
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Stream
                   ,
                   and
                   Imbosh
                   that
                   comes
                   from
                   him
                   on
                   the
                   Banks
                   ,
                   it
                   may
                   be
                   a
                   quarter
                   of
                   a
                   mile
                   lower
                   ,
                   which
                   hath
                   deceived
                   many
                   .
                   Therefore
                   first
                   try
                   up
                   the
                   Stream
                   :
                   and
                   where
                   a
                   Den
                   first
                   breasts
                   soil
                   ,
                   both
                   Man
                   and
                   Hound
                   will
                   best
                   perceive
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   the
                   ways
                   to
                   know
                   when
                   a
                   Hart
                   is
                   spent
                   ,
                   are
                   these
                   :
                   First
                   ,
                   He
                   will
                   run
                   stiff
                   ,
                   high
                   ,
                   and
                   lompering
                   .
                   Secondly
                   ,
                   If
                   his
                   Mouth
                   be
                   black
                   and
                   dry
                   without
                   any
                   Foam
                   upon
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Tongue
                   hanging
                   out
                   ;
                   but
                   they
                   will
                   often
                   close
                   their
                   Mouths
                   ,
                   to
                   deceive
                   the
                   Spectators
                   .
                   Thirdly
                   ,
                   By
                   his
                   Slot
                   :
                   for
                   oftentimes
                   he
                   will
                   close
                   his
                   Claws
                   together
                   ,
                   as
                   if
                   he
                   went
                   at
                   leisure
                   ;
                   and
                   straightway
                   again
                   open
                   them
                   wide
                   ,
                   making
                   great
                   
                   glidings
                   ,
                   and
                   hitting
                   his
                   Dew-claws
                   upon
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   following
                   the
                   beaten
                   Paths
                   without
                   Doublings
                   ;
                   and
                   sometimes
                   going
                   all
                   along
                   by
                   a
                   Ditch-side
                   ,
                   seeking
                   some
                   Gap
                   ,
                   having
                   not
                   strength
                   to
                   leap
                   it
                   otherways
                   :
                   yet
                   it
                   hath
                   been
                   often
                   seen
                   ,
                   that
                   Dead-run
                   Deer
                   have
                   taken
                   very
                   great
                   leaps
                   .
                
                 
                   Thus
                   must
                   a
                   Huntsman
                   govern
                   himself
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   subtlety
                   and
                   Craft
                   of
                   the
                   Deer
                   ,
                   observing
                   their
                   Doublings
                   and
                   Crossings
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   places
                   where
                   they
                   are
                   made
                   ;
                   making
                   his
                   Rings
                   little
                   or
                   great
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   nature
                   of
                   the
                   place
                   ,
                   time
                   ,
                   and
                   season
                   :
                   For
                   Hounds
                   are
                   subject
                   to
                   shoot
                   where
                   Herbs
                   and
                   Flowers
                   have
                   their
                   most
                   lively
                   scent
                   and
                   odoriferous
                   smell
                   .
                   Neither
                   must
                   you
                   be
                   unmindful
                   of
                   the
                   perfection
                   and
                   imperfection
                   of
                   your
                   Hounds
                   .
                   Thus
                   doing
                   ,
                   it
                   will
                   be
                   very
                   hard
                   luck
                   if
                   you
                   loose
                   a
                   Hart
                   by
                   default
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   kill
                   a
                   Hart
                   at
                   Bay.
                   
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   very
                   dangerous
                   to
                   go
                   in
                   to
                   a
                   Hart
                   at
                   Bay
                   ,
                   and
                   especially
                   at
                   Rutting-time
                   ;
                   for
                   then
                   they
                   are
                   most
                   fierce
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   two
                   sorts
                   of
                   Bays
                   ;
                   one
                   on
                   the
                   Land
                   ,
                   the
                   other
                   on
                   the
                   Water
                   .
                   If
                   now
                   the
                   Hart
                   be
                   in
                   a
                   deep
                   Water
                   ,
                   where
                   you
                   cannot
                   well
                   come
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   then
                   couple
                   up
                   your
                   Dogs
                   ;
                   for
                   should
                   they
                   long
                   continue
                   in
                   the
                   Water
                   ,
                   it
                   would
                   endanger
                   surbating
                   or
                   foundering
                   .
                   Get
                   then
                   a
                   Boat
                   ,
                   or
                   swim
                   to
                   him
                   with
                   a
                   Dagger
                   ;
                   or
                   else
                   with
                   a
                   Rope
                   that
                   hath
                   a
                   Noose
                   ,
                   and
                   throw
                   it
                   over
                   his
                   Horns
                   :
                   for
                   if
                   the
                   Water
                   be
                   so
                   deep
                   that
                   the
                   Hart
                   swims
                   ,
                   there
                   is
                   no
                   danger
                   in
                   approaching
                   him
                   ;
                   otherwise
                   you
                   must
                   have
                   a
                   care
                   .
                
                 
                   As
                   to
                   the
                   Land-bay
                   ,
                   if
                   the
                   Hart
                   be
                   burnished
                   ,
                   then
                   must
                   you
                   consider
                   the
                   place
                   :
                   For
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   in
                   a
                   plain
                   and
                   open
                   place
                   ,
                   where
                   there
                   is
                   no
                   Wood
                   nor
                   Covert
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   dangerous
                   and
                   hard
                   to
                   come
                   in
                   to
                   him
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   
                   it
                   be
                   in
                   a
                   Hedge-side
                   or
                   thicket
                   ,
                   then
                   ,
                   whilst
                   the
                   Hart
                   is
                   staring
                   on
                   the
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   come
                   covertly
                   among
                   the
                   bushes
                   behinde
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   cut
                   his
                   Throat
                   .
                   If
                   you
                   miss
                   your
                   aim
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Hart
                   turn
                   head
                   upon
                   you
                   ,
                   then
                   make
                   some
                   Tree
                   your
                   refuge
                   ;
                   or
                   when
                   the
                   Hart
                   is
                   at
                   Bay
                   ,
                   couple
                   up
                   your
                   Hounds
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   you
                   see
                   the
                   Hart
                   turn
                   head
                   to
                   fly
                   ,
                   gallop
                   in
                   roundly
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   kill
                   him
                   with
                   your
                   Sword.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   Directions
                   at
                   the
                   Death
                   of
                   Buck
                   or
                   Hart.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   Ceremony
                   when
                   the
                   Huntsmen
                   come
                   in
                   to
                   the
                   Death
                   of
                   a
                   Deer
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   cry
                   
                     Ware
                     Haunch
                  
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Hounds
                   may
                   not
                   break
                   into
                   the
                   Deer
                   ;
                   which
                   having
                   secured
                   ,
                   the
                   next
                   is
                   cutting
                   his
                   Throat
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   blooding
                   the
                   youngest
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   may
                   the
                   better
                   love
                   a
                   Deer
                   ,
                   and
                   learn
                   to
                   leap
                   at
                   his
                   Throat
                   ;
                   then
                   ,
                   having
                   blown
                   the
                   Mort
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   the
                   company
                   come
                   in
                   ,
                   the
                   best
                   person
                   ,
                   that
                   hath
                   not
                   taken
                   Say
                   before
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   take
                   up
                   the
                   Knife
                   that
                   the
                   Keeper
                   or
                   Huntsman
                   is
                   to
                   lay
                   cross
                   the
                   Belly
                   of
                   the
                   Deer
                   ,
                   standing
                   close
                   to
                   the
                   left
                   Shoulder
                   of
                   the
                   Deer
                   ,
                   some
                   holding
                   by
                   the
                   Fore-legs
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Keeper
                   or
                   Huntsman
                   drawing
                   down
                   the
                   Pizle
                   ,
                   the
                   person
                   that
                   takes
                   Say
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   draw
                   the
                   edge
                   of
                   the
                   Knife
                   leisurely
                   along
                   the
                   very
                   middle
                   of
                   the
                   Belly
                   ,
                   beginning
                   near
                   the
                   Brisket
                   ;
                   and
                   drawing
                   a
                   little
                   upon
                   it
                   ,
                   enough
                   in
                   the
                   length
                   and
                   depth
                   to
                   discover
                   how
                   fat
                   the
                   Deer
                   is
                   ,
                   then
                   he
                   that
                   is
                   to
                   break
                   up
                   the
                   Deer
                   first
                   slits
                   the
                   Skin
                   from
                   the
                   cutting
                   of
                   the
                   Throat
                   downward
                   ,
                   making
                   the
                   Arber
                   ,
                   that
                   so
                   the
                   Ordure
                   may
                   not
                   break
                   forth
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   he
                   is
                   to
                   pounch
                   him
                   ,
                   rewarding
                   the
                   Hounds
                   therewith
                   .
                   Next
                   ,
                   he
                   is
                   to
                   present
                   the
                   same
                   person
                   that
                   took
                   the
                   Say
                   with
                   a
                   drawn
                   Hanger
                   ,
                   to
                   cut
                   off
                   the
                   Head
                   ;
                   which
                   done
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Hounds
                   rewarded
                   therewith
                   ,
                   the
                   concluding
                   Ceremony
                   is
                   ,
                   if
                   a
                   Buck
                   a
                   double
                   ,
                   if
                   a
                   Stag
                   a
                   treble
                   
                   Mort
                   blown
                   by
                   one
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   a
                   whole
                   Recheat
                   in
                   Consort
                   by
                   all
                   that
                   have
                   Horns
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   finished
                   ,
                   immediately
                   a
                   general
                   
                     Whoo
                     whoop
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   was
                   formerly
                   termed
                   ,
                   
                     Winde
                     a
                     Horn
                  
                   ,
                   because
                   (
                   as
                   I
                   suppose
                   )
                   all
                   Horns
                   were
                   then
                   compassed
                   ;
                   but
                   since
                   straight
                   Horns
                   are
                   come
                   into
                   fashion
                   ,
                   we
                   say
                   ,
                   
                     Blow
                     a
                     Horn
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   ,
                   
                     Sound
                     a
                     Horn.
                  
                   
                
                 
                   In
                   many
                   cases
                   heretofore
                   ,
                   Leasing
                   was
                   observed
                   ;
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   one
                   must
                   be
                   held
                   ,
                   either
                   cross
                   a
                   Saddle
                   ,
                   or
                   on
                   a
                   mans
                   back
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   a
                   pair
                   of
                   Dog-couples
                   receive
                   ten
                   pound
                   and
                   a
                   Purse
                   ;
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   ten
                   stripes
                   ,
                   (
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   nature
                   of
                   the
                   Crime
                   ,
                   more
                   or
                   less
                   severe
                   )
                   and
                   an
                   eleventh
                   ,
                   that
                   used
                   to
                   be
                   as
                   bad
                   as
                   the
                   other
                   ten
                   ,
                   called
                   a
                   Purse
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   many
                   Faults
                   ,
                   as
                   coming
                   to
                   late
                   into
                   the
                   Field
                   ,
                   mistaking
                   any
                   term
                   of
                   Art
                   ;
                   these
                   are
                   of
                   the
                   lesser
                   size
                   :
                   of
                   the
                   greater
                   magnitude
                   ,
                   hallowing
                   a
                   wrong
                   Deer
                   ,
                   or
                   leaving
                   the
                   Field
                   before
                   the
                   death
                   of
                   the
                   Deer
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
              
            
             
               
                 Buck
                 -
                 Hunting
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 Beast
                 is
                 common
                 in
                 most
                 Countries
                 ,
                 being
                 as
                 corpulent
                 as
                 a
                 Hart
                 ;
                 but
                 in
                 quantity
                 resembleth
                 more
                 a
                 Roe
                 ,
                 except
                 in
                 colour
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Males
                 have
                 Horns
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 lose
                 yearly
                 ;
                 but
                 the
                 Females
                 none
                 at
                 all
                 .
                 Their
                 colours
                 are
                 divers
                 ,
                 but
                 most
                 commonly
                 branded
                 or
                 sandy
                 on
                 the
                 back
                 ,
                 having
                 a
                 black
                 list
                 all
                 down
                 along
                 on
                 the
                 back
                 ;
                 their
                 bellies
                 and
                 sides
                 spotted
                 with
                 white
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 lose
                 by
                 their
                 old
                 age
                 :
                 and
                 the
                 Does
                 do
                 especially
                 vary
                 in
                 colour
                 ,
                 being
                 sometimes
                 all
                 white
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 like
                 unto
                 Goats
                 ,
                 except
                 in
                 their
                 hair
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 shorter
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 their
                 Horns
                 they
                 differ
                 not
                 much
                 from
                 a
                 Hart
                 ,
                 
                 except
                 in
                 quantity
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 they
                 grow
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 Heads
                 like
                 Fingers
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Hand
                 ;
                 such
                 is
                 this
                 Fallow-Deer
                 ,
                 being
                 therefore
                 called
                 
                   Cervus
                   Palmatas
                
                 .
                 As
                 for
                 their
                 other
                 parts
                 ,
                 they
                 much
                 resemble
                 a
                 Roe-buck
                 .
                 Their
                 flesh
                 is
                 excellent
                 for
                 nourishment
                 ,
                 but
                 their
                 blood
                 ingenders
                 too
                 much
                 Melancholy
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 know
                 ,
                 the
                 Buck
                 is
                 Fawn'd
                 about
                 the
                 latter
                 end
                 of
                 May
                 ,
                 and
                 its
                 nature
                 and
                 properties
                 differ
                 little
                 from
                 the
                 Hart.
                 
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 not
                 so
                 much
                 art
                 and
                 skill
                 in
                 Lodging
                 a
                 Buck
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 Harbouring
                 a
                 Hart
                 ;
                 neither
                 is
                 there
                 required
                 so
                 much
                 drawing
                 after
                 ,
                 but
                 onely
                 you
                 are
                 to
                 judge
                 by
                 the
                 View
                 ,
                 and
                 mark
                 what
                 Grove
                 or
                 Covert
                 he
                 entreth
                 ;
                 for
                 he
                 will
                 not
                 wander
                 and
                 rove
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 so
                 often
                 as
                 a
                 Hart
                 ,
                 nor
                 so
                 frequently
                 change
                 his
                 Layr
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 maketh
                 his
                 Fewmishings
                 in
                 divers
                 manners
                 and
                 forms
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Hart
                 doth
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 diversity
                 of
                 Food
                 ,
                 and
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 day
                 ,
                 Morning
                 and
                 Evening
                 ;
                 but
                 most
                 commonly
                 they
                 are
                 round
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Hart
                 and
                 Buck
                 differ
                 thus
                 in
                 parallel
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 Buck
                 is
                 hunted
                 ,
                 he
                 oft-times
                 betakes
                 himself
                 to
                 such
                 strong
                 Holds
                 and
                 Coverts
                 as
                 he
                 is
                 most
                 acquainted
                 with
                 ,
                 not
                 flying
                 far
                 before
                 the
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 not
                 crossing
                 nor
                 doubling
                 ,
                 using
                 no
                 such
                 subtleties
                 as
                 the
                 Hart
                 is
                 accustomed
                 to
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Buck
                 will
                 beat
                 a
                 Brook
                 ,
                 (
                 but
                 seldom
                 a
                 great
                 River
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Hart
                 )
                 but
                 it
                 must
                 not
                 be
                 so
                 deep
                 ;
                 nor
                 can
                 he
                 stay
                 so
                 long
                 at
                 Soil
                 as
                 the
                 Hart
                 will
                 do
                 :
                 onely
                 he
                 leapeth
                 lightlier
                 at
                 Rut
                 than
                 the
                 Hart
                 ;
                 and
                 groaneth
                 or
                 troateth
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 Hart
                 belleth
                 ,
                 but
                 with
                 a
                 lower
                 Voice
                 ,
                 ratling
                 in
                 the
                 Throat
                 .
                 And
                 here
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 noted
                 ,
                 they
                 love
                 not
                 one
                 another
                 ,
                 nor
                 will
                 they
                 come
                 near
                 each
                 other's
                 Layr
                 .
              
               
                 Buck
                 Venison
                 is
                 incomparable
                 food
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 dressed
                 like
                 Hart-Venison
                 ;
                 onely
                 this
                 last
                 will
                 be
                 preserved
                 longer
                 than
                 the
                 former
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 Buck
                 herds
                 more
                 than
                 the
                 Hart
                 ,
                 and
                 lieth
                 in
                 the
                 driest
                 places
                 :
                 but
                 if
                 he
                 be
                 at
                 large
                 ,
                 unconfined
                 within
                 the
                 limitary
                 Precincts
                 of
                 a
                 Park
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 herd
                 but
                 little
                 from
                 May
                 to
                 August
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 flies
                 trouble
                 him
                 .
                 He
                 takes
                 great
                 delight
                 in
                 hilly
                 places
                 ;
                 but
                 the
                 Dales
                 are
                 his
                 joy
                 to
                 feed
                 in
                 .
              
               
                 Bucks
                 have
                 seldom
                 or
                 never
                 any
                 other
                 Relays
                 than
                 the
                 old
                 Hounds
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 greatest
                 subtlety
                 a
                 Huntsman
                 need
                 use
                 in
                 the
                 Hunting
                 of
                 the
                 Buck
                 ,
                 is
                 to
                 beware
                 of
                 Hunting
                 Counter
                 or
                 Change
                 ,
                 because
                 of
                 the
                 plenty
                 of
                 Fallow-Deer
                 ,
                 which
                 use
                 to
                 come
                 more
                 directly
                 upon
                 the
                 Hounds
                 than
                 the
                 Red-Deer
                 doth
                 .
                 Now
                 upon
                 the
                 breaking
                 up
                 of
                 a
                 Buck
                 the
                 Hounds
                 Reward
                 is
                 the
                 same
                 with
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 Hart.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 Roe
                 -
                 Hunting
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Roe-Buck
                 is
                 called
                 by
                 the
                 Greeks
                 and
                 Latines
                 by
                 one
                 name
                 ,
                 
                   viz.
                   Dorcas
                
                 .
                 These
                 beasts
                 are
                 very
                 plentiful
                 in
                 
                   Africa
                   ,
                   Germany
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Helvetian
                 Alps.
                 
              
               
                 Their
                 swiftness
                 doth
                 not
                 onely
                 appear
                 upon
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 in
                 the
                 Waters
                 ,
                 cutting
                 them
                 when
                 they
                 swim
                 as
                 with
                 Oars
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 they
                 love
                 the
                 Lakes
                 and
                 strong
                 Streams
                 ,
                 breaking
                 the
                 Floods
                 to
                 come
                 at
                 fresh
                 Pasture
                 ,
                 feeding
                 deliciously
                 on
                 sweet
                 Rushes
                 ,
                 and
                 Bull-rushes
                 .
                 Horns
                 onely
                 grow
                 upon
                 the
                 Male
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 set
                 with
                 six
                 or
                 seven
                 branches
                 ,
                 not
                 palmed
                 ,
                 but
                 branchy
                 ,
                 yet
                 shorter
                 than
                 
                   Follow
                   Deer
                
                 :
                 They
                 differ
                 not
                 much
                 from
                 common
                 Deer
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 their
                 Horn
                 :
                 and
                 whereas
                 the
                 Horns
                 of
                 other
                 Beasts
                 are
                 hollow
                 towards
                 the
                 root
                 ,
                 whereinto
                 entereth
                 a
                 certain
                 long
                 substance
                 ;
                 the
                 Horns
                 of
                 these
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 of
                 the
                 vulgar
                 Buck
                 and
                 Elk
                 ,
                 
                 are
                 solid
                 whithout
                 any
                 such
                 emptiness
                 ,
                 onely
                 they
                 are
                 full
                 of
                 Pores
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 supposed
                 by
                 the
                 Learned
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 Roe
                 was
                 called
                 in
                 Greek
                 Dorcas
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 quickness
                 of
                 her
                 sight
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 she
                 can
                 see
                 as
                 perfectly
                 in
                 the
                 night
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 day
                 .
                 Physitians
                 have
                 observed
                 a
                 certain
                 viscous
                 humour
                 about
                 her
                 bowels
                 ,
                 which
                 by
                 anointing
                 Eyes
                 that
                 are
                 dark
                 ,
                 heavy
                 ,
                 and
                 near
                 blinde
                 ,
                 quickens
                 the
                 sight
                 most
                 wonderfully
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 reported
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 never
                 wink
                 no
                 not
                 when
                 they
                 sleep
                 ;
                 for
                 which
                 conceit
                 their
                 blood
                 is
                 prescribed
                 for
                 them
                 who
                 are
                 dim-sighted
                 or
                 pur-blinde
                 .
                 The
                 tail
                 of
                 this
                 beast
                 is
                 lesser
                 and
                 shorter
                 than
                 a
                 Fallow-Deer's
                 ;
                 insomuch
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 doubtful
                 whether
                 it
                 be
                 a
                 tail
                 or
                 not
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 keep
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 in
                 the
                 Mountains
                 among
                 the
                 Rocks
                 ,
                 being
                 very
                 swift
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 they
                 are
                 hunted
                 (
                 Martial
                 saith
                 )
                 they
                 hang
                 upon
                 the
                 Rocks
                 with
                 their
                 Horns
                 ,
                 to
                 delude
                 the
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 after
                 a
                 strange
                 manner
                 ,
                 ready
                 to
                 fall
                 and
                 kill
                 themselves
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 receive
                 no
                 harm
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Dogs
                 dare
                 not
                 approach
                 ,
                 as
                 appeareth
                 in
                 his
                 Epigram
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Pendentem
                   fumma
                   Capream
                   ,
                   de
                   rupe
                   videbis
                   ,
                
                 
                   Casuram
                   speres
                   ,
                   decipit
                   illa
                   Canes
                   .
                
              
               
                 This
                 might
                 be
                 more
                 properly
                 meant
                 of
                 the
                 Wild
                 -
                 Goat
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 are
                 most
                 easily
                 taken
                 in
                 the
                 Woods
                 .
                 When
                 they
                 are
                 chased
                 ,
                 they
                 desire
                 to
                 run
                 against
                 the
                 wind
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 coldness
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 refresheth
                 them
                 in
                 their
                 course
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 they
                 who
                 hunt
                 them
                 place
                 their
                 Dogs
                 with
                 the
                 Wind.
                 They
                 are
                 often
                 taken
                 by
                 the
                 counterfeiting
                 of
                 their
                 Voice
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 skilful
                 Huntsman
                 doth
                 by
                 the
                 assistance
                 of
                 a
                 Lease
                 in
                 his
                 Mouth
                 .
              
               
               
                 This
                 Beast
                 is
                 very
                 easie
                 to
                 hunt
                 ,
                 and
                 goeth
                 to
                 Rut
                 (
                 or
                 Tourn
                 most
                 properly
                 )
                 in
                 October
                 ,
                 the
                 extent
                 whereof
                 consists
                 of
                 fifteen
                 days
                 ,
                 and
                 never
                 parteth
                 with
                 the
                 Doe
                 till
                 Fawning-time
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Doe
                 ,
                 finding
                 her self
                 near
                 her
                 time
                 ,
                 secretly
                 departs
                 from
                 the
                 Buck
                 ,
                 and
                 sawneth
                 as
                 far
                 from
                 him
                 and
                 his
                 knowledge
                 as
                 she
                 can
                 ;
                 for
                 could
                 he
                 finde
                 the
                 Fawn
                 ,
                 he
                 would
                 kill
                 it
                 .
                 Now
                 when
                 the
                 Fawn
                 grows
                 big
                 ,
                 and
                 can
                 run
                 and
                 feed
                 ,
                 she
                 then
                 returns
                 to
                 the
                 Buck
                 again
                 very
                 lovingly
                 ,
                 with
                 all
                 expedition
                 :
                 the
                 cause
                 whereof
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Roes
                 fawning
                 Twins
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 commonly
                 Buck
                 and
                 Doe
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 being
                 accustomed
                 together
                 in
                 youth
                 ,
                 they
                 do
                 love
                 to
                 keep
                 company
                 ever
                 after
                 .
              
               
                 As
                 soon
                 as
                 the
                 Roe-Buck
                 cometh
                 from
                 Rut
                 ,
                 he
                 casts
                 his
                 Horns
                 ;
                 and
                 there
                 are
                 few
                 after
                 two
                 years
                 old
                 which
                 Mew
                 not
                 at
                 Alhallontide
                 ,
                 but
                 their
                 Heads
                 grow
                 quickly
                 out
                 again
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Venison
                 of
                 a
                 Roe
                 is
                 never
                 out
                 of
                 season
                 ,
                 being
                 never
                 fat
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 they
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 hunted
                 at
                 any
                 time
                 :
                 onely
                 this
                 ,
                 some
                 favour
                 ought
                 to
                 be
                 shewn
                 the
                 Doe
                 whilst
                 she
                 is
                 big
                 with
                 Fawn
                 ,
                 and
                 afterwards
                 till
                 her
                 Fawn
                 is
                 able
                 to
                 shift
                 for
                 himself
                 :
                 besides
                 ,
                 some
                 Roe-Does
                 have
                 been
                 killed
                 with
                 five
                 Fawns
                 in
                 their
                 belly
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 usually
                 when
                 hunted
                 ,
                 take
                 a
                 large
                 first
                 Ring
                 ,
                 and
                 afterwards
                 hunt
                 the
                 Hounds
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 they
                 are
                 hunted
                 ,
                 they
                 turn
                 much
                 and
                 often
                 ,
                 and
                 come
                 back
                 upon
                 the
                 Dogs
                 directly
                 :
                 When
                 they
                 can
                 no
                 longer
                 endure
                 ,
                 they
                 then
                 take
                 Soil
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Hart
                 doth
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 hang
                 by
                 a
                 bough
                 in
                 such
                 manner
                 ,
                 that
                 nothing
                 shall
                 appear
                 of
                 them
                 above
                 Water
                 but
                 their
                 Snout
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 suffer
                 the
                 Dogs
                 to
                 come
                 just
                 upon
                 them
                 before
                 they
                 will
                 stir
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 is
                 not
                 called
                 by
                 the
                 skilful
                 in
                 the
                 Art
                 of
                 Hunting
                 a
                 
                   Great
                   Roe-Buck
                
                 ,
                 but
                 a
                 
                   Fair
                   Roe-Buck
                
                 .
                 The
                 Herd
                 of
                 them
                 is
                 called
                 a
                 Beavy
                 :
                 And
                 if
                 he
                 hath
                 not
                 Beavygrease
                 
                 on
                 his
                 Tail
                 when
                 he
                 is
                 broken
                 up
                 ,
                 he
                 is
                 more
                 fit
                 to
                 be
                 Dogs-meat
                 than
                 Mans-meat
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Hounds
                 must
                 be
                 Rewarded
                 with
                 the
                 Bowels
                 ,
                 the
                 Blood
                 ,
                 and
                 Feet
                 slit
                 asunder
                 ,
                 and
                 boiled
                 all
                 together
                 .
                 This
                 is
                 more
                 properly
                 called
                 a
                 Dose
                 than
                 a
                 Reward
                 .
                 For
                 what
                 might
                 be
                 said
                 farther
                 concerning
                 Roe-Hunting
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 refer
                 you
                 to
                 the
                 Chapters
                 of
                 Hart
                 and
                 Buck-Hunting
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Rain-Deer-Hunting
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Rain-Deer
                 is
                 not
                 unlike
                 a
                 Hart
                 ,
                 onely
                 his
                 Head
                 is
                 fuller
                 of
                 Antliers
                 ,
                 being
                 bigger
                 and
                 wider
                 in
                 compass
                 ;
                 for
                 he
                 bears
                 four
                 and
                 twenty
                 branches
                 and
                 more
                 according
                 to
                 his
                 age
                 ,
                 having
                 a
                 great
                 Palm
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 Hart
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 Fore-Antliers
                 are
                 Palmed
                 also
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 flieth
                 end-ways
                 when
                 he
                 is
                 Hunted
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 great
                 weight
                 of
                 his
                 Head.
                 When
                 he
                 hath
                 stood
                 up
                 a
                 great
                 while
                 ,
                 doubled
                 ,
                 crossed
                 ,
                 and
                 used
                 other
                 crafty
                 tricks
                 to
                 shun
                 the
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 he
                 makes
                 a
                 Tree
                 his
                 last
                 refuge
                 ;
                 so
                 planting
                 himself
                 ,
                 that
                 nothing
                 can
                 assault
                 him
                 but
                 just
                 before
                 ,
                 placing
                 his
                 buttock
                 and
                 Haunches
                 against
                 the
                 Tree
                 ,
                 and
                 hanging
                 down
                 his
                 Head
                 low
                 to
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 whereby
                 all
                 his
                 Body
                 is
                 covered
                 .
              
               
                 As
                 the
                 Hart
                 strikes
                 with
                 his
                 Head
                 ,
                 the
                 Rain-Deer
                 strikes
                 with
                 his
                 Feet
                 against
                 any
                 one
                 that
                 comes
                 in
                 to
                 him
                 to
                 help
                 the
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 not
                 in
                 the
                 least
                 turning
                 his
                 Head
                 ,
                 that
                 being
                 his
                 chiefest
                 defence
                 ,
                 and
                 seems
                 very
                 terrible
                 to
                 the
                 Hounds
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 feedeth
                 like
                 the
                 Hart
                 ,
                 and
                 maketh
                 his
                 Fewmets
                 sometimes
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 flat
                 ,
                 and
                 beareth
                 fatter
                 
                 Venison
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 is
                 in
                 pride
                 of
                 Grease
                 ,
                 than
                 any
                 other
                 Deer
                 doth
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 very
                 long
                 liv'd
                 .
                 He
                 is
                 more
                 commonly
                 drawn
                 after
                 with
                 a
                 Blood-hound
                 ,
                 than
                 hunted
                 ,
                 and
                 intrapped
                 with
                 Nets
                 and
                 Engines
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 thick
                 and
                 greatest
                 Holds
                 ,
                 if
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 ;
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 best
                 and
                 speediest
                 way
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 his
                 great
                 and
                 spreading
                 Head.
                 Since
                 there
                 are
                 but
                 few
                 of
                 them
                 in
                 England
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 desist
                 from
                 discoursing
                 farther
                 concerning
                 him
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Nature
                 and
                 Properties
                 of
                 a
                 Hare
                 .
              
               
                 AN
                 Hare
                 is
                 called
                 in
                 Hebrew
                 Arnebet
                 in
                 the
                 Feminine
                 gender
                 ,
                 which
                 word
                 possessed
                 a
                 great
                 many
                 that
                 all
                 Hares
                 were
                 Females
                 :
                 He
                 is
                 called
                 Lagws
                 by
                 the
                 Greeks
                 ,
                 for
                 his
                 immoderate
                 Lust
                 ;
                 and
                 by
                 the
                 same
                 Nation
                 Ptoox
                 ,
                 for
                 his
                 Fear
                 ;
                 and
                 by
                 the
                 Latines
                 
                   Lepus
                   ,
                   quasi
                   Levi-pes
                
                 ,
                 signifying
                 Swiftness
                 of
                 feet
                 (
                 alias
                 )
                 Lightfoot
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 are
                 four
                 sorts
                 of
                 Hares
                 ;
                 some
                 live
                 in
                 the
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 some
                 in
                 the
                 Fields
                 ,
                 some
                 in
                 the
                 Marshes
                 ,
                 some
                 every
                 where
                 ,
                 without
                 any
                 certain
                 place
                 of
                 abode
                 .
                 They
                 of
                 the
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 are
                 most
                 swift
                 ;
                 they
                 of
                 the
                 Fields
                 ,
                 less
                 nimble
                 ;
                 they
                 of
                 the
                 Marshes
                 ,
                 most
                 slow
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 wandering
                 Hares
                 are
                 most
                 dangerous
                 to
                 follow
                 ;
                 for
                 they
                 are
                 so
                 cunning
                 in
                 the
                 ways
                 and
                 muses
                 of
                 the
                 Fields
                 ,
                 running
                 up
                 the
                 Hills
                 and
                 Rocks
                 ,
                 because
                 by
                 custom
                 they
                 know
                 the
                 nearer
                 way
                 ,
                 with
                 other
                 tricks
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 confusion
                 of
                 the
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 and
                 dis-encouragement
                 of
                 the
                 Hunters
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 next
                 place
                 ,
                 a
                 description
                 of
                 the
                 parts
                 of
                 an
                 Hare
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 unnecessary
                 ,
                 since
                 it
                 is
                 admirable
                 to
                 behold
                 how
                 every
                 Limb
                 and
                 Member
                 of
                 this
                 Beast
                 is
                 
                 composed
                 for
                 celerity
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 first
                 place
                 ,
                 the
                 Head
                 is
                 round
                 ,
                 nimble
                 ,
                 short
                 ,
                 yet
                 of
                 convenient
                 longitude
                 ,
                 prone
                 to
                 turn
                 every
                 way
                 .
                 The
                 Ears
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 lofty
                 ,
                 like
                 an
                 Asses
                 :
                 for
                 Nature
                 hath
                 so
                 provided
                 ,
                 that
                 every
                 fearful
                 and
                 unarmed
                 creature
                 should
                 have
                 long
                 and
                 large
                 Ears
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 hearing
                 it
                 might
                 prevent
                 its
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 and
                 save
                 it self
                 by
                 flight
                 .
                 The
                 Lips
                 continually
                 move
                 sleeping
                 and
                 waking
                 ;
                 and
                 from
                 the
                 slit
                 they
                 have
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 of
                 their
                 Nose
                 ,
                 cometh
                 the
                 term
                 of
                 Harre-lips
                 which
                 are
                 so
                 divided
                 in
                 men
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Neck
                 of
                 an
                 Hare
                 is
                 long
                 ,
                 small
                 ,
                 round
                 ,
                 soft
                 ,
                 and
                 flexible
                 :
                 The
                 Shoulder-bone
                 straight
                 and
                 broad
                 ,
                 for
                 her
                 more
                 easie
                 turning
                 :
                 her
                 Legs
                 before
                 soft
                 ,
                 and
                 stand
                 broader
                 behinde
                 than
                 before
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 hinder
                 Legs
                 longer
                 than
                 the
                 former
                 :
                 a
                 Breast
                 not
                 narrow
                 ,
                 but
                 fitted
                 to
                 take
                 more
                 breath
                 than
                 any
                 Beast
                 of
                 that
                 bigness
                 :
                 a
                 nimble
                 Back
                 ,
                 and
                 fleshy
                 Belly
                 ,
                 tender
                 Loins
                 ,
                 hollow
                 Sides
                 ,
                 fat
                 Buttocks
                 ,
                 filled
                 up
                 ,
                 strong
                 and
                 nervous
                 Lines
                 .
                 Their
                 Eyes
                 are
                 brown
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 are
                 subtile
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 bold
                 ;
                 seldom
                 looking
                 forward
                 ,
                 because
                 going
                 by
                 jumps
                 .
                 Their
                 Eye-lids
                 coming
                 from
                 the
                 Brows
                 are
                 too
                 short
                 to
                 cover
                 their
                 Eyes
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 this
                 Sense
                 is
                 very
                 weak
                 in
                 them
                 :
                 when
                 they
                 watch
                 they
                 shut
                 their
                 Eyes
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 they
                 sleep
                 they
                 open
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 have
                 certain
                 little
                 Bladders
                 in
                 their
                 Belly
                 filled
                 with
                 matter
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 which
                 both
                 the
                 one
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 Sex
                 suck
                 a
                 certain
                 humour
                 ,
                 and
                 anoint
                 their
                 Bodies
                 all
                 over
                 therewith
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 are
                 defended
                 against
                 Rain
                 .
              
               
                 Though
                 their
                 sight
                 be
                 dim
                 ,
                 yet
                 they
                 have
                 
                   visum
                   indefessum
                
                 ,
                 an
                 indefatigable
                 sence
                 of
                 Seeing
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 the
                 continuance
                 in
                 a
                 mean
                 degree
                 ,
                 countervaileth
                 in
                 them
                 the
                 want
                 of
                 excellency
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 feed
                 abroad
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 would
                 conceal
                 their
                 forms
                 ;
                 and
                 never
                 drink
                 ,
                 but
                 content
                 themselves
                 with
                 
                 the
                 Dew
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 that
                 cause
                 they
                 often
                 fall
                 rotten
                 .
                 As
                 it
                 is
                 before
                 ,
                 every
                 Limb
                 of
                 a
                 Hare
                 is
                 composed
                 for
                 celerity
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 she
                 never
                 travelleth
                 ,
                 but
                 jumpeth
                 :
                 her
                 Ears
                 lead
                 her
                 the
                 way
                 in
                 her
                 Chase
                 ;
                 for
                 with
                 one
                 of
                 them
                 she
                 harkneth
                 to
                 the
                 cry
                 of
                 the
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 she
                 stretcheth
                 forth
                 like
                 a
                 Sail
                 ,
                 to
                 hasten
                 her
                 course
                 ;
                 always
                 stretching
                 her
                 hinder
                 beyond
                 her
                 former
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 not
                 hindering
                 them
                 at
                 all
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 Paths
                 and
                 High-ways
                 she
                 runs
                 more
                 speedily
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Hares
                 of
                 the
                 Mountains
                 do
                 often
                 exercise
                 themselves
                 in
                 the
                 Valleys
                 and
                 Plains
                 ,
                 and
                 through
                 practice
                 grow
                 acquainted
                 with
                 the
                 nearest
                 ways
                 to
                 their
                 Forms
                 or
                 places
                 of
                 constant
                 abode
                 .
                 So
                 that
                 when
                 at
                 any
                 time
                 they
                 are
                 hunted
                 in
                 the
                 Fields
                 ,
                 such
                 is
                 their
                 subtile
                 dodging
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 will
                 dally
                 with
                 the
                 Huntsmen
                 till
                 they
                 seem
                 to
                 be
                 almost
                 taken
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 on
                 a
                 sudden
                 take
                 the
                 nearest
                 way
                 to
                 the
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 take
                 Sanctuary
                 in
                 the
                 inaccessible
                 places
                 ,
                 whither
                 Dogs
                 nor
                 Horse
                 dare
                 ascend
                 .
              
               
                 Hares
                 which
                 frequent
                 Bushes
                 and
                 Brakes
                 ,
                 are
                 not
                 able
                 to
                 endure
                 labour
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 very
                 swift
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 pain
                 in
                 their
                 Feet
                 ,
                 growing
                 fat
                 through
                 idleness
                 and
                 discontinuance
                 of
                 running
                 .
                 The
                 Campestrial
                 or
                 Field
                 -
                 Hare
                 ,
                 being
                 leaner
                 of
                 Body
                 ,
                 and
                 oftner
                 chased
                 ,
                 is
                 taken
                 with
                 more
                 difficulty
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 her
                 singular
                 agility
                 ;
                 she
                 therefore
                 when
                 she
                 beginneth
                 her
                 course
                 ,
                 leapeth
                 up
                 from
                 the
                 ground
                 as
                 if
                 the
                 flew
                 ,
                 afterwards
                 passeth
                 through
                 Brambles
                 ,
                 and
                 over
                 thick
                 Bushes
                 and
                 Hedges
                 with
                 all
                 expedition
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 at
                 any
                 time
                 she
                 come
                 into
                 deep
                 Grass
                 or
                 Corn
                 ,
                 she
                 easily
                 delivereth
                 her self
                 ,
                 and
                 slideth
                 through
                 it
                 ,
                 always
                 holding
                 up
                 one
                 Ear
                 ,
                 and
                 bending
                 it
                 at
                 her
                 pleasure
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 Moderator
                 of
                 her
                 Chase.
                 Neither
                 is
                 she
                 so
                 unprovident
                 and
                 prodigal
                 of
                 her
                 strength
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 spend
                 it
                 all
                 in
                 one
                 Course
                 ,
                 but
                 observeth
                 the
                 force
                 of
                 her
                 Prosecuror
                 ,
                 who
                 if
                 he
                 be
                 slow
                 and
                 sluggish
                 ,
                 she
                 is
                 not
                 profuse
                 of
                 
                 her
                 celerity
                 ,
                 but
                 onely
                 walketh
                 gently
                 before
                 the
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 safely
                 from
                 their
                 Clutches
                 ,
                 reserving
                 her
                 greatest
                 strength
                 to
                 her
                 greatest
                 necessity
                 :
                 for
                 the
                 knoweth
                 she
                 can
                 out-run
                 the
                 Dogs
                 at
                 her
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 will
                 not
                 trouble
                 her self
                 more
                 than
                 she
                 is
                 urged
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 there
                 be
                 a
                 Dog
                 following
                 her
                 more
                 swiftly
                 than
                 the
                 residue
                 ,
                 then
                 she
                 setteth
                 forward
                 with
                 all
                 the
                 force
                 she
                 can
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 she
                 hath
                 left
                 both
                 Hunters
                 and
                 Dogs
                 a
                 great
                 way
                 behinde
                 her
                 ,
                 she
                 getteth
                 to
                 some
                 little
                 Hill
                 or
                 rising
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 where
                 she
                 raiseth
                 her self
                 upon
                 her
                 hinder-Legs
                 ,
                 that
                 thereby
                 she
                 may
                 observe
                 how
                 far
                 or
                 near
                 her
                 Pursuers
                 are
                 distant
                 from
                 her
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 younger
                 Hares
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 their
                 weak
                 Members
                 ,
                 tread
                 heavier
                 on
                 the
                 Earth
                 than
                 the
                 elder
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 leave
                 the
                 greater
                 Scent
                 behinde
                 them
                 .
                 At
                 a
                 year
                 old
                 they
                 run
                 very
                 swift
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 Scent
                 is
                 stronger
                 in
                 the
                 Woods
                 than
                 in
                 the
                 plain
                 Fields
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 they
                 lie
                 down
                 upon
                 the
                 Earth
                 (
                 as
                 they
                 love
                 to
                 do
                 )
                 in
                 red
                 Fallow-grounds
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 easily
                 descried
                 .
              
               
                 Their
                 foot-steps
                 in
                 the
                 Winter-time
                 are
                 more
                 apparent
                 than
                 in
                 the
                 Summer
                 ,
                 because
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Nights
                 are
                 longer
                 ,
                 so
                 they
                 travel
                 farther
                 :
                 neither
                 do
                 they
                 scent
                 in
                 the
                 Winter-mornings
                 so
                 soon
                 as
                 it
                 is
                 day
                 ,
                 until
                 the
                 Frost
                 be
                 somewhat
                 thawed
                 ;
                 but
                 especially
                 their
                 footsteps
                 are
                 uncertain
                 at
                 the
                 Full
                 of
                 the
                 Moon
                 ,
                 for
                 then
                 they
                 leap
                 and
                 play
                 together
                 ,
                 scattering
                 and
                 putting
                 out
                 their
                 scent
                 or
                 savour
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 Spring-time
                 also
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 do
                 ingender
                 ,
                 they
                 confound
                 one
                 anothers
                 footsteps
                 by
                 multitudes
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 Hare
                 -
                 Hunting
                 .
              
               
                 IT
                 is
                 the
                 judgement
                 of
                 all
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 Hare
                 doth
                 naturally
                 know
                 the
                 change
                 of
                 Weather
                 from
                 twenty
                 four
                 hours
                 to
                 twenty
                 four
                 hours
                 .
                 When
                 she
                 goeth
                 to
                 her
                 Form
                 ,
                 she
                 will
                 suffer
                 the
                 Dew
                 to
                 touch
                 her
                 as
                 little
                 as
                 she
                 can
                 ,
                 but
                 followeth
                 the
                 High-ways
                 and
                 beaten
                 Paths
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 go
                 to
                 Buck
                 commonly
                 in
                 
                   January
                   ,
                   February
                
                 ,
                 and
                 March
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 all
                 the
                 warm
                 Months
                 ;
                 sometimes
                 seeking
                 the
                 Buck
                 seven
                 or
                 eight
                 miles
                 distant
                 from
                 the
                 place
                 where
                 they
                 usually
                 sit
                 ,
                 following
                 the
                 High-ways
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 If
                 when
                 a
                 Hare
                 riseth
                 out
                 of
                 her
                 Form
                 ,
                 she
                 couches
                 her
                 Ears
                 and
                 Scut
                 ,
                 and
                 runs
                 not
                 very
                 fast
                 at
                 first
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 an
                 infallible
                 sign
                 that
                 she
                 is
                 old
                 and
                 crafty
                 .
              
               
                 You
                 may
                 know
                 a
                 Buck
                 -
                 Hare
                 as
                 you
                 hunt
                 him
                 to
                 his
                 Form
                 by
                 his
                 beating
                 the
                 hard
                 High-ways
                 .
                 He
                 feedeth
                 farther
                 out
                 into
                 the
                 Plains
                 ,
                 and
                 maketh
                 his
                 doublings
                 and
                 crossings
                 much
                 wider
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 greater
                 compass
                 than
                 the
                 Female
                 doth
                 :
                 for
                 she
                 will
                 keep
                 close
                 by
                 some
                 Covert-side
                 ,
                 turning
                 and
                 winding
                 in
                 the
                 bushes
                 like
                 a
                 Coney
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 she
                 go
                 to
                 relief
                 in
                 the
                 Corn-fields
                 ,
                 she
                 seldom
                 crosseth
                 over
                 the
                 Furrows
                 ,
                 but
                 followeth
                 them
                 along
                 ,
                 staying
                 upon
                 the
                 thickest
                 tufts
                 of
                 Corn
                 to
                 feed
                 .
              
               
                 Likewise
                 you
                 may
                 know
                 a
                 Buck
                 at
                 the
                 rising
                 out
                 of
                 his
                 Form
                 by
                 his
                 Hinder-parts
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 more
                 whitely
                 ;
                 or
                 if
                 you
                 observe
                 his
                 Shoulders
                 before
                 he
                 rise
                 ,
                 which
                 will
                 be
                 redder
                 than
                 the
                 Does
                 ,
                 having
                 some
                 loose
                 long
                 Hairs
                 growing
                 on
                 them
                 .
                 Again
                 ,
                 his
                 Head
                 is
                 shorter
                 ,
                 and
                 better
                 trussed
                 ;
                 his
                 Hairs
                 about
                 his
                 Lips
                 
                 longer
                 ;
                 and
                 his
                 Ears
                 shorter
                 and
                 more
                 gray
                 .
                 The
                 Hairs
                 upon
                 the
                 Female's
                 Chine
                 will
                 be
                 of
                 a
                 blackish
                 gray
                 .
              
               
                 Besides
                 ,
                 when
                 Hounds
                 hunt
                 a
                 Female
                 -
                 Hare
                 ,
                 she
                 will
                 use
                 more
                 crossing
                 and
                 doubling
                 ,
                 seldom
                 making
                 out
                 end-ways
                 before
                 the
                 Hounds
                 :
                 whereas
                 the
                 Male
                 acts
                 contrary
                 ;
                 for
                 having
                 once
                 made
                 a
                 Turn
                 or
                 two
                 about
                 his
                 Form
                 ,
                 then
                 farewal
                 Hounds
                 ;
                 for
                 he
                 will
                 frequently
                 lead
                 them
                 five
                 or
                 six
                 miles
                 before
                 ever
                 he
                 will
                 turn
                 his
                 head
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 you
                 see
                 that
                 your
                 Hounds
                 have
                 found
                 where
                 an
                 Hare
                 hath
                 pass'd
                 to
                 Relief
                 upon
                 the
                 High-way-side
                 ,
                 and
                 hath
                 much
                 doubled
                 and
                 crossed
                 upon
                 dry
                 places
                 ,
                 and
                 never
                 much
                 broken
                 out
                 nor
                 relieved
                 in
                 the
                 Corn
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 sign
                 she
                 is
                 but
                 lately
                 come
                 thither
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 commonly
                 she
                 will
                 stay
                 upon
                 some
                 high
                 place
                 to
                 look
                 about
                 her
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 chuse
                 out
                 a
                 place
                 to
                 form
                 in
                 ,
                 which
                 she
                 will
                 be
                 loth
                 to
                 part
                 with
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Craft
                   and
                   Subtlety
                   of
                   an
                   Hare
                   .
                
                 
                   As
                   of
                   all
                   Chases
                   the
                   Hare
                   makes
                   the
                   greatest
                   pastime
                   and
                   pleasure
                   ;
                   so
                   it
                   is
                   a
                   great
                   delight
                   and
                   satisfaction
                   to
                   see
                   the
                   craft
                   of
                   this
                   little
                   poor
                   Beast
                   in
                   her
                   own
                   self-preservation
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   understand
                   what
                   these
                   Subtleties
                   are
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   first
                   take
                   notice
                   what
                   Weather
                   it
                   is
                   .
                   If
                   it
                   be
                   rainy
                   ,
                   then
                   the
                   Hare
                   will
                   hold
                   the
                   High-ways
                   more
                   than
                   at
                   any
                   other
                   time
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   she
                   come
                   to
                   the
                   side
                   of
                   any
                   young
                   Grove
                   or
                   Spring
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   scarcely
                   enter
                   ,
                   but
                   squat
                   down
                   by
                   the
                   side
                   thereof
                   until
                   the
                   Hounds
                   have
                   over-shot
                   her
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   she
                   will
                   return
                   the
                   self-same
                   way
                   she
                   came
                   to
                   the
                   place
                   from
                   whence
                   she
                   was
                   started
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   not
                   by
                   the
                   way
                   go
                   into
                   any
                   Covert
                   ,
                   for
                   fear
                   of
                   the
                   wet
                   and
                   Dew
                   that
                   hang
                   upon
                   the
                   Boughs
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   In
                   this
                   case
                   ,
                   let
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   stay
                   a
                   hundred
                   paces
                   before
                   he
                   comes
                   to
                   the
                   Wood-side
                   ,
                   by
                   which
                   means
                   he
                   shall
                   perceive
                   whether
                   she
                   return
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   ;
                   which
                   if
                   she
                   do
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   hallow
                   in
                   his
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   and
                   call
                   them
                   back
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   presently
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Hounds
                   may
                   not
                   think
                   it
                   the
                   Counter
                   she
                   came
                   first
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   next
                   thing
                   to
                   be
                   observed
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   the
                   Hare
                   sitteth
                   ,
                   and
                   upon
                   what
                   wind
                   she
                   makes
                   her
                   Form
                   :
                   for
                   if
                   she
                   form
                   either
                   upon
                   the
                   North
                   or
                   South-wind
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   not
                   willingly
                   run
                   into
                   the
                   Wind
                   ,
                   but
                   run
                   upon
                   a
                   side
                   or
                   down
                   the
                   Wind.
                   But
                   if
                   she
                   form
                   in
                   the
                   Water
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   a
                   sign
                   she
                   is
                   foul
                   and
                   measled
                   .
                   If
                   you
                   hunt
                   such
                   a
                   one
                   ,
                   have
                   a
                   special
                   regard
                   all
                   the
                   day
                   to
                   the
                   Brook-sides
                   ,
                   for
                   there
                   and
                   near
                   Plashes
                   she
                   will
                   make
                   all
                   her
                   crossings
                   ,
                   doublings
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   I
                   have
                   seen
                   a
                   Hare
                   so
                   crafty
                   ,
                   that
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   she
                   heard
                   the
                   sound
                   of
                   a
                   Horn
                   ,
                   she
                   would
                   instantly
                   start
                   out
                   of
                   her
                   Form
                   ,
                   thought
                   it
                   was
                   a
                   quarter
                   of
                   a
                   mile
                   distant
                   ,
                   and
                   go
                   swim
                   in
                   some
                   Pool
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   rest
                   her self
                   upon
                   some
                   Rush-bed
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   thereof
                   ,
                   from
                   whence
                   she
                   would
                   not
                   stir
                   till
                   she
                   heareth
                   the
                   Horn
                   again
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   I
                   have
                   seen
                   her
                   start
                   out
                   again
                   swimming
                   to
                   Land
                   ,
                   and
                   she
                   hath
                   stood
                   up
                   before
                   the
                   Hounds
                   four
                   hours
                   before
                   we
                   could
                   kill
                   her
                   ,
                   swimming
                   ,
                   and
                   using
                   all
                   her
                   Subtleties
                   and
                   crossings
                   in
                   the
                   Water
                   .
                
                 
                   Such
                   is
                   the
                   Natural
                   craft
                   and
                   subtlety
                   of
                   a
                   Hare
                   ,
                   that
                   sometimes
                   ,
                   after
                   she
                   hath
                   been
                   hunted
                   three
                   hours
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   start
                   a
                   fresh
                   Hare
                   ,
                   and
                   squat
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   Form.
                   Others
                   ,
                   having
                   been
                   hunted
                   a
                   considerable
                   time
                   ,
                   will
                   creep
                   under
                   the
                   Door
                   of
                   a
                   Sheep-coat
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   hide
                   themselves
                   among
                   the
                   Sheep
                   ;
                   or
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   hard
                   hunted
                   ,
                   will
                   run
                   in
                   among
                   a
                   flock
                   of
                   sheep
                   ,
                   and
                   cannot
                   be
                   gotten
                   out
                   from
                   among
                   them
                   by
                   any
                   means
                   ,
                   till
                   the
                   Hounds
                   are
                   coupled
                   up
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Sheep
                   driven
                   into
                   their
                   Pens
                   .
                   Some
                   (
                   and
                   that
                   is
                   something
                   strange
                   )
                   will
                   take
                   the
                   ground
                   like
                   a
                   Coney
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   is
                   called
                   
                   
                     going
                     to
                     the
                     Vaut
                  
                   .
                   Some
                   Hares
                   will
                   go
                   up
                   one
                   side
                   of
                   the
                   Hedge
                   ,
                   and
                   come
                   down
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   the
                   thickness
                   of
                   the
                   Hedge
                   being
                   the
                   onely
                   distance
                   between
                   the
                   courses
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   have
                   seen
                   a
                   Hare
                   ,
                   that
                   being
                   sorely
                   hunted
                   ,
                   got
                   upon
                   a
                   Quick-set-hedge
                   ,
                   and
                   ran
                   a
                   good
                   way
                   upon
                   the
                   top
                   thereof
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   lept
                   off
                   upon
                   the
                   ground
                   .
                   And
                   they
                   will
                   frequently
                   betake
                   themselves
                   to
                   Furz-bushes
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   leap
                   from
                   one
                   to
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   whereby
                   the
                   Hounds
                   are
                   frequently
                   in
                   default
                   .
                   Nay
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   more
                   ,
                   I
                   have
                   heard
                   of
                   a
                   Hare
                   ,
                   that
                   being
                   hunted
                   two
                   hours
                   or
                   more
                   ,
                   at
                   length
                   ,
                   to
                   save
                   her self
                   ,
                   got
                   upon
                   an
                   old
                   Wall
                   six
                   foot
                   high
                   from
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   hid
                   her self
                   in
                   the
                   hole
                   that
                   was
                   made
                   for
                   a
                   Scaffold
                   :
                   and
                   that
                   several
                   have
                   swam
                   over
                   Trent
                   and
                   Severn
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Hare
                   liveth
                   not
                   above
                   seven
                   years
                   at
                   most
                   ,
                   especially
                   the
                   Buck
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   he
                   and
                   the
                   Doe
                   shall
                   keep
                   one
                   quarter
                   together
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   never
                   suffer
                   any
                   strange
                   Hare
                   to
                   sit
                   by
                   them
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   it
                   is
                   proverbially
                   said
                   ,
                   
                     The
                     more
                     you
                     hunt
                     ,
                     the
                     more
                  
                   Hares
                   
                     you
                     shall
                     have
                  
                   ;
                   because
                   when
                   you
                   have
                   killed
                   one
                   Hare
                   ,
                   another
                   will
                   come
                   and
                   possess
                   his
                   Form.
                   
                
                 
                   An
                   Hare
                   hath
                   greater
                   Scent
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   more
                   eagerly
                   hunted
                   by
                   the
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   feeds
                   and
                   relieveth
                   upon
                   green
                   Corn
                   ,
                   than
                   at
                   any
                   other
                   time
                   in
                   the
                   year
                   :
                   and
                   yet
                   there
                   are
                   some
                   Hares
                   which
                   naturally
                   give
                   a
                   greater
                   Scent
                   than
                   others
                   ;
                   as
                   the
                   great
                   Wood
                   -
                   Hares
                   ;
                   and
                   such
                   as
                   are
                   foul
                   and
                   measled
                   ,
                   and
                   keep
                   near
                   to
                   the
                   Waters
                   :
                   But
                   the
                   little
                   red
                   Hare
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   not
                   much
                   bigger
                   than
                   a
                   Coney
                   ,
                   is
                   neither
                   of
                   so
                   strong
                   a
                   Scent
                   ,
                   nor
                   so
                   eagerly
                   hunted
                   .
                   Such
                   as
                   feed
                   upon
                   the
                   small
                   branches
                   of
                   wild
                   Time
                   ,
                   or
                   such-like
                   Herbs
                   ,
                   are
                   commonly
                   very
                   swist
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   stand
                   long
                   up
                   before
                   the
                   Hounds
                   .
                   In
                   like
                   manner
                   you
                   have
                   some
                   Hares
                   more
                   subtile
                   and
                   cunning
                   than
                   others
                   .
                   Young
                   Hares
                   which
                   have
                   not
                   been
                   hunted
                   are
                   foolish
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   neither
                   of
                   
                   force
                   nor
                   capacity
                   to
                   use
                   such
                   subtleties
                   and
                   crafts
                   ,
                   but
                   hold
                   on
                   end-ways
                   before
                   the
                   Hounds
                   most
                   commonly
                   ,
                   and
                   do
                   squat
                   and
                   start
                   again
                   oftentimes
                   ,
                   which
                   doth
                   much
                   encourage
                   the
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   and
                   enters
                   them
                   better
                   than
                   if
                   the
                   Hare
                   flies
                   and-ways
                   ,
                   as
                   sometimes
                   they
                   will
                   five
                   or
                   six
                   mile
                   an
                   end
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Females
                   are
                   more
                   crafty
                   and
                   politick
                   than
                   the
                   Bucks
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   double
                   and
                   turn
                   shorter
                   than
                   they
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   displeasant
                   to
                   the
                   Hounds
                   ;
                   for
                   it
                   is
                   troublesome
                   for
                   them
                   to
                   turn
                   often
                   ,
                   delighting
                   more
                   in
                   an
                   end-way-chase
                   ,
                   running
                   with
                   all
                   their
                   force
                   :
                   for
                   such
                   Hares
                   as
                   double
                   and
                   cross
                   so
                   often
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   requisite
                   at
                   default
                   to
                   cast
                   the
                   greater
                   compass
                   about
                   ,
                   when
                   you
                   beat
                   to
                   make
                   it
                   out
                   ,
                   for
                   so
                   you
                   will
                   find
                   all
                   her
                   subtilties
                   ,
                   and
                   yet
                   need
                   to
                   stick
                   upon
                   none
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   but
                   onely
                   where
                   she
                   went
                   on
                   forwards
                   :
                   By
                   this
                   means
                   you
                   will
                   abate
                   her
                   force
                   ,
                   and
                   compel
                   her
                   to
                   leave
                   doubling
                   and
                   crossing
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   Enter
                   Hounds
                   to
                   the
                   Hare
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   the
                   Huntsinan
                   be
                   sure
                   in
                   the
                   first
                   place
                   to
                   make
                   his
                   Hounds
                   very
                   well
                   acquainted
                   with
                   him
                   and
                   his
                   Voice
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   them
                   understand
                   the
                   Horn
                   ;
                   and
                   to
                   this
                   end
                   let
                   him
                   never
                   blow
                   his
                   Horn
                   or
                   hallow
                   but
                   when
                   there
                   is
                   good
                   cause
                   for
                   so
                   doing
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   him
                   be
                   sure
                   that
                   his
                   Hounds
                   want
                   no
                   encouragement
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   by
                   the
                   way
                   observe
                   two
                   remarkable
                   things
                   .
                   The
                   first
                   is
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   enter
                   a
                   young
                   Kennel
                   of
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   take
                   notice
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   where
                   you
                   will
                   make
                   your
                   first
                   Quarry
                   ,
                   and
                   whereof
                   you
                   make
                   it
                   .
                   For
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   places
                   wherein
                   they
                   are
                   first
                   entred
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   nature
                   of
                   the
                   Quarry
                   given
                   them
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   prove
                   accordingly
                   for
                   the
                   future
                   .
                   Thus
                   if
                   they
                   are
                   first
                   entred
                   in
                   the
                   Plains
                   and
                   Champain-countries
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   ever
                   after
                   more
                   delight
                   to
                   hunt
                   there
                   
                   than
                   in
                   any
                   other
                   place
                   :
                   and
                   so
                   it
                   is
                   the
                   same
                   with
                   the
                   Coverts
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   ,
                   say
                   some
                   of
                   our
                   Huntsmen
                   ,
                   all
                   strange
                   Countries
                   that
                   differ
                   from
                   that
                   to
                   which
                   Hounds
                   are
                   accustomed
                   ,
                   causes
                   them
                   at
                   first
                   to
                   be
                   at
                   seek
                   :
                   But
                   good
                   Hounds
                   will
                   soon
                   be
                   master
                   of
                   any
                   Country
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   he
                   that
                   would
                   have
                   the
                   best
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   must
                   use
                   them
                   to
                   all
                   kinds
                   of
                   Hunting
                   :
                   And
                   it
                   is
                   easie
                   to
                   bring
                   Hounds
                   to
                   enjoy
                   a
                   Scent
                   from
                   a
                   bleak
                   Down
                   to
                   a
                   fresh
                   Pasture
                   .
                   And
                   therefore
                   many
                   of
                   us
                   love
                   to
                   enter
                   in
                   the
                   worst
                   Countries
                   .
                
                 
                   Do
                   not
                   accustom
                   your
                   Hounds
                   to
                   hunt
                   in
                   the
                   Morning
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   the
                   Dew
                   and
                   moisture
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   :
                   and
                   besides
                   ,
                   you
                   will
                   find
                   by
                   experience
                   ,
                   that
                   if
                   afterwards
                   you
                   hunt
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   heat
                   of
                   the
                   day
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   soon
                   give
                   over
                   the
                   chase
                   ;
                   neither
                   will
                   they
                   call
                   on
                   willingly
                   or
                   chearfully
                   ,
                   but
                   seek
                   out
                   the
                   shades
                   to
                   sleep
                   in
                   .
                   Yet
                   many
                   of
                   us
                   agree
                   ,
                   that
                   to
                   hunt
                   both
                   early
                   and
                   late
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   by
                   Trayling
                   ,
                   advantageth
                   the
                   Hounds
                   to
                   use
                   their
                   Noses
                   ;
                   and
                   by
                   keeping
                   them
                   sometimes
                   in
                   the
                   heat
                   of
                   the
                   day
                   ,
                   or
                   till
                   night
                   ,
                   moves
                   them
                   to
                   stoutness
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   best
                   season
                   to
                   enter
                   your
                   young
                   Hounds
                   is
                   in
                   September
                   and
                   October
                   ;
                   for
                   then
                   the
                   weather
                   is
                   temperate
                   ,
                   neither
                   too
                   hot
                   nor
                   too
                   cold
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   is
                   the
                   time
                   to
                   find
                   young
                   Hares
                   which
                   have
                   never
                   been
                   hunted
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   foolish
                   ,
                   and
                   ignorant
                   of
                   the
                   politick
                   crossings
                   ,
                   doublings
                   ,
                   &c.
                   of
                   their
                   Sires
                   ,
                   running
                   commonly
                   end-ways
                   ,
                   frequently
                   squatting
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   often
                   starting
                   ,
                   by
                   which
                   encouragement
                   the
                   Hounds
                   are
                   the
                   better
                   entered
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Hare
                   hath
                   greater
                   Scent
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   more
                   eagerly
                   hunted
                   by
                   the
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   feedeth
                   and
                   relieveth
                   on
                   green
                   Corn
                   ,
                   than
                   at
                   any
                   other
                   time
                   of
                   the
                   year
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Moreover
                   ,
                   some
                   Hares
                   have
                   naturally
                   a
                   greater
                   scent
                   than
                   others
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   great
                   Wood
                   -
                   Hares
                   ,
                   and
                   such
                   as
                   are
                   foul
                   and
                   measled
                   ,
                   having
                   their
                   greatest
                   resort
                   near
                   the
                   Water
                   and
                   Plashes
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   little
                   small
                   red
                   Hare
                   ,
                   not
                   much
                   bigger
                   than
                   a
                   Coney
                   ,
                   is
                   very
                   feeble
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   much
                   covered
                   by
                   the
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   having
                   a
                   bad
                   scent
                   :
                   but
                   such
                   as
                   feed
                   on
                   the
                   small
                   branches
                   of
                   wilde
                   Time
                   are
                   commonly
                   very
                   swift
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   stand
                   up
                   a
                   long
                   time
                   before
                   the
                   Hounds
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Does
                   are
                   much
                   craftier
                   than
                   the
                   Bucks
                   ,
                   doubling
                   and
                   turning
                   oftner
                   and
                   shorter
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   very
                   vexatious
                   and
                   troublesome
                   to
                   the
                   Hounds
                   .
                   Now
                   for
                   such
                   Hares
                   as
                   double
                   and
                   cross
                   so
                   often
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   requisite
                   at
                   a
                   default
                   to
                   cast
                   the
                   greater
                   compass
                   about
                   when
                   you
                   draw
                   to
                   make
                   it
                   out
                   ;
                   so
                   shall
                   you
                   find
                   all
                   their
                   subtilties
                   ;
                   though
                   it
                   is
                   needless
                   to
                   stick
                   upon
                   any
                   ,
                   but
                   where
                   they
                   went
                   onwards
                   :
                   by
                   so
                   doing
                   you
                   will
                   abate
                   the
                   force
                   of
                   a
                   Hare
                   ,
                   and
                   force
                   her
                   from
                   crossing
                   and
                   doubling
                   .
                
                 
                   Some
                   Hares
                   hold
                   the
                   high
                   beaten
                   ways
                   onely
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   Hounds
                   can
                   have
                   no
                   scent
                   :
                   wherefore
                   when
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   finds
                   his
                   Hounds
                   at
                   a
                   default
                   in
                   the
                   High-way
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   hunt
                   on
                   until
                   he
                   find
                   where
                   the
                   Hare
                   hath
                   broken
                   from
                   the
                   High-way
                   ,
                   or
                   hath
                   found
                   some
                   Dale
                   or
                   fresh
                   place
                   where
                   the
                   Hounds
                   may
                   recover
                   scent
                   ,
                   looking
                   narrowly
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   as
                   he
                   goeth
                   ,
                   if
                   he
                   can
                   find
                   the
                   Footing
                   or
                   Pricking
                   of
                   the
                   Hare
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   other
                   places
                   wherein
                   a
                   Hound
                   can
                   finde
                   no
                   scent
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   is
                   in
                   fat
                   and
                   rotten
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   it
                   sticketh
                   to
                   the
                   Foot
                   of
                   the
                   Hare
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   called
                   Carrying
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   consequently
                   she
                   leaves
                   no
                   scent
                   behinde
                   her
                   .
                   So
                   likewise
                   there
                   are
                   certain
                   Months
                   wherein
                   a
                   Hound
                   can
                   find
                   no
                   scent
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   is
                   in
                   the
                   Spring-time
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   the
                   fragrant
                   smell
                   of
                   Flowers
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   like
                   .
                
                 
                   Shun
                   ,
                   as
                   much
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   ,
                   hunting
                   in
                   hard
                   frosty
                   weather
                   ,
                   
                   for
                   so
                   you
                   will
                   surbate
                   or
                   founder
                   your
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   them
                   lose
                   their
                   Claws
                   :
                   besides
                   ,
                   at
                   that
                   time
                   a
                   Hare
                   runneth
                   better
                   than
                   at
                   any
                   other
                   time
                   ,
                   the
                   Soals
                   of
                   her
                   feet
                   being
                   hairy
                   .
                
                 
                   To
                   conclude
                   ,
                   the
                   best
                   way
                   of
                   entring
                   your
                   young
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   is
                   by
                   the
                   help
                   of
                   old
                   Staunch-Hounds
                   ;
                   so
                   will
                   they
                   the
                   better
                   learn
                   to
                   cast
                   for
                   it
                   at
                   a
                   doubling
                   or
                   default
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   What
                   time
                   of
                   the
                   year
                   is
                   best
                   for
                   Hare-Hunting
                   :
                   How
                   to
                   find
                   her
                   ,
                   start
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   chase
                   her
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   best
                   time
                   to
                   begin
                   Hare-Hunting
                   ,
                   is
                   about
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   September
                   ,
                   ending
                   towards
                   the
                   latter
                   end
                   of
                   February
                   ,
                   lest
                   you
                   destroy
                   the
                   early
                   brood
                   of
                   Leverets
                   .
                   Moreover
                   ,
                   upon
                   the
                   approach
                   of
                   Winter
                   the
                   moistness
                   and
                   coolness
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   increaseth
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   agreable
                   to
                   the
                   nature
                   of
                   the
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   and
                   very
                   acceptable
                   ,
                   they
                   ever
                   hating
                   extream
                   heats
                   and
                   hot
                   weather
                   .
                
                 
                   Your
                   Hounds
                   being
                   two
                   years
                   old
                   and
                   upwards
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   exercise
                   them
                   thrice
                   a
                   Week
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   will
                   be
                   the
                   better
                   for
                   so
                   often
                   hunting
                   ,
                   provided
                   you
                   feed
                   well
                   ;
                   and
                   keep
                   out
                   your
                   Hounds
                   the
                   greatest
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   day
                   ,
                   both
                   to
                   try
                   their
                   stoutness
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   make
                   them
                   stout
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   there
                   be
                   any
                   Hound
                   which
                   hath
                   found
                   the
                   Trail
                   of
                   a
                   Hare
                   where
                   she
                   hath
                   relieved
                   that
                   night
                   ,
                   let
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   then
                   forbear
                   being
                   over-hasty
                   ,
                   but
                   let
                   the
                   Hounds
                   make
                   it
                   of
                   themselves
                   :
                   and
                   when
                   he
                   shall
                   perceive
                   that
                   they
                   begin
                   to
                   draw
                   in
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   call
                   on
                   freshly
                   ,
                   then
                   let
                   him
                   encourage
                   them
                   ,
                   especially
                   that
                   Hound
                   which
                   hunteth
                   best
                   ,
                   frequently
                   calling
                   him
                   by
                   his
                   name
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   a
                   Hare
                   leaveth
                   better
                   scent
                   when
                   
                   she
                   goeth
                   to
                   relief
                   ,
                   than
                   when
                   she
                   goeth
                   towards
                   her
                   Form
                   :
                   for
                   when
                   she
                   relieveth
                   in
                   the
                   Field
                   ,
                   she
                   coucheth
                   her
                   body
                   low
                   upon
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   passing
                   often
                   over
                   one
                   piece
                   of
                   ground
                   ,
                   to
                   find
                   where
                   lieth
                   the
                   best
                   food
                   ;
                   and
                   thus
                   leaveth
                   the
                   better
                   Scent
                   ,
                   crotying
                   also
                   sometimes
                   .
                
                 
                   Besides
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   goes
                   to
                   her
                   Form
                   ,
                   she
                   commonly
                   takes
                   the
                   High-ways
                   ,
                   doubling
                   ,
                   crossing
                   ,
                   and
                   leaping
                   as
                   lightly
                   as
                   she
                   can
                   ;
                   in
                   which
                   places
                   the
                   Hounds
                   can
                   have
                   no
                   scent
                   ,
                   (
                   as
                   is
                   said
                   before
                   )
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   the
                   dust
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   And
                   yet
                   they
                   will
                   squat
                   by
                   the
                   sides
                   of
                   the
                   High-ways
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   let
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   beat
                   very
                   well
                   the
                   sides
                   of
                   those
                   High-ways
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   having
                   found
                   where
                   a
                   Hare
                   hath
                   relieved
                   in
                   some
                   Pasture
                   or
                   Corn-field
                   ,
                   then
                   must
                   you
                   consider
                   the
                   season
                   of
                   the
                   year
                   ,
                   and
                   what
                   Weather
                   it
                   is
                   :
                   for
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   in
                   the
                   Spring-time
                   ,
                   or
                   Summer
                   ,
                   a
                   Hare
                   will
                   not
                   then
                   sit
                   in
                   the
                   Bushes
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   are
                   frequently
                   offended
                   with
                   Pismires
                   ,
                   Snakes
                   and
                   Adders
                   ,
                   but
                   will
                   sit
                   in
                   Corn-fields
                   and
                   open
                   places
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   winter
                   they
                   love
                   to
                   sit
                   near
                   Towns
                   and
                   Villages
                   in
                   Tufts
                   of
                   Thorns
                   and
                   Brambles
                   ,
                   especially
                   when
                   the
                   Wind
                   is
                   Northerly
                   or
                   Southerly
                   .
                
                 
                   According
                   to
                   the
                   season
                   and
                   nature
                   of
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   the
                   Hare
                   is
                   accustomed
                   to
                   sit
                   ,
                   there
                   beat
                   with
                   your
                   Hounds
                   and
                   start
                   her
                   ;
                   which
                   is
                   much
                   better
                   sport
                   than
                   Trailing
                   of
                   her
                   from
                   her
                   Relief
                   to
                   her
                   Form.
                   
                
                 
                   When
                   the
                   Hare
                   is
                   started
                   and
                   on
                   foot
                   ,
                   then
                   step
                   in
                   where
                   you
                   saw
                   her
                   pass
                   ,
                   and
                   hallow
                   in
                   your
                   Hounds
                   until
                   they
                   have
                   all
                   undertaken
                   it
                   and
                   go
                   on
                   with
                   it
                   in
                   full
                   cry
                   :
                   then
                   Recheat
                   to
                   them
                   with
                   your
                   Horn
                   ,
                   following
                   fair
                   and
                   softly
                   at
                   first
                   ,
                   making
                   neither
                   too
                   much
                   haste
                   nor
                   noise
                   with
                   Horn
                   or
                   Voice
                   :
                   for
                   at
                   the
                   first
                   Hounds
                   are
                   apt
                   to
                   over-shoot
                   the
                   chase
                   through
                   too
                   much
                   heat
                   .
                   But
                   having
                   ran
                   the
                   space
                   of
                   an
                   hour
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   that
                   you
                   see
                   the
                   Hounds
                   are
                   well
                   in
                   with
                   it
                   ,
                   sticking
                   well
                   upon
                   it
                   ,
                   then
                   you
                   may
                   come
                   in
                   nearer
                   with
                   the
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   because
                   by
                   that
                   time
                   their
                   heat
                   will
                   be
                   cooled
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   will
                   hunt
                   more
                   soberly
                   .
                   But
                   above
                   all
                   things
                   mark
                   the
                   first
                   doubling
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   your
                   direction
                   for
                   the
                   whole
                   day
                   ;
                   for
                   all
                   the
                   doublings
                   that
                   she
                   afterwards
                   shall
                   make
                   will
                   be
                   like
                   the
                   former
                   :
                   and
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   policies
                   that
                   you
                   shall
                   see
                   her
                   use
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   you
                   hunt
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   make
                   your
                   compasses
                   great
                   or
                   little
                   ,
                   long
                   or
                   short
                   ,
                   to
                   help
                   the
                   defaults
                   ,
                   always
                   seeking
                   the
                   moistest
                   and
                   most
                   commodious
                   places
                   for
                   the
                   Hounds
                   to
                   scent
                   in
                   .
                
                 
                   To
                   conclude
                   ,
                   those
                   who
                   delight
                   in
                   the
                   commendable
                   Exercise
                   of
                   Hunting
                   the
                   Hare
                   ,
                   must
                   rise
                   early
                   ,
                   lest
                   they
                   be
                   deprived
                   of
                   the
                   scent
                   of
                   her
                   foot-steps
                   ,
                   by
                   which
                   means
                   the
                   Dogs
                   will
                   be
                   incapacitated
                   to
                   follow
                   their
                   Game
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   nature
                   of
                   the
                   scent
                   is
                   such
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   will
                   not
                   remain
                   long
                   ,
                   but
                   suddainly
                   ,
                   in
                   a
                   manner
                   every
                   hour
                   ,
                   vanisheth
                   away
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 Parks
                 and
                 Warrens
                 .
              
               
                 HAving
                 thus
                 discoursed
                 of
                 the
                 Nature
                 and
                 Properties
                 of
                 the
                 Hare
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 manner
                 of
                 hunting
                 them
                 ;
                 in
                 the
                 next
                 place
                 I
                 hold
                 it
                 not
                 improper
                 in
                 short
                 to
                 speak
                 something
                 of
                 Parks
                 and
                 enclosed
                 Warrens
                 ,
                 wherein
                 
                   Hares
                   ,
                   Coneys
                   ,
                   Deer
                
                 ,
                 &c.
                 may
                 always
                 be
                 ready
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 out
                 of
                 a
                 Store-house
                 or
                 Seminary
                 to
                 serve
                 the
                 use
                 and
                 pleasure
                 of
                 their
                 Masters
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 first
                 Roman
                 that
                 ever
                 enclosed
                 wild
                 Beasts
                 ,
                 was
                 
                   Fulvius
                   Herpinus
                
                 ;
                 and
                 Varro
                 had
                 the
                 first
                 Warren
                 of
                 Hares
                 .
                 The
                 largest
                 Hare-Parks
                 that
                 ever
                 I
                 heard
                 
                 of
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 best
                 furnished
                 with
                 those
                 fearful
                 ,
                 yet
                 subtile
                 Creatures
                 ,
                 are
                 in
                 Ireland
                 ;
                 the
                 one
                 belongs
                 to
                 the
                 Lord-Lieutenant
                 of
                 that
                 Kingdom
                 ,
                 near
                 Dublin
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 in
                 the
                 North
                 ,
                 and
                 belongs
                 to
                 the
                 Lord
                 of
                 Mazareen
                 .
                 It
                 will
                 be
                 a
                 tedious
                 task
                 for
                 me
                 to
                 give
                 you
                 an
                 account
                 of
                 the
                 variety
                 of
                 Parks
                 and
                 Warrens
                 within
                 the
                 three
                 Kingdoms
                 ;
                 I
                 shall
                 therefore
                 onely
                 tell
                 you
                 in
                 what
                 manner
                 they
                 are
                 erected
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 very
                 briefly
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Walls
                 or
                 Pales
                 must
                 be
                 high
                 ,
                 or
                 close
                 joynted
                 ,
                 so
                 as
                 neither
                 Badger
                 nor
                 Cat
                 can
                 creep
                 through
                 ,
                 nor
                 Wolf
                 ,
                 nor
                 Fox
                 can
                 leap
                 over
                 ;
                 wherein
                 ought
                 also
                 to
                 be
                 Bushes
                 and
                 broad
                 Trees
                 to
                 cover
                 the
                 Beasts
                 against
                 heat
                 and
                 cold
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 secret
                 places
                 to
                 satisfie
                 their
                 natures
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 defend
                 the
                 lesser
                 beasts
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Hares
                   ,
                   Conveys
                
                 ,
                 &c.
                 from
                 
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   Kites
                
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 ravening
                 Fowls
                 :
                 in
                 which
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 couple
                 of
                 Hares
                 will
                 quickly
                 multiply
                 into
                 a
                 great
                 Warren
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 very
                 good
                 to
                 sow
                 Gourds
                 ,
                 Misceline
                 ,
                 Corn
                 ,
                 Barley
                 ,
                 Pease
                 ,
                 and
                 such-like
                 ,
                 wherein
                 Hares
                 delight
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 thereby
                 quickly
                 grow
                 fat
                 .
              
               
                 Warreners
                 have
                 a
                 very
                 crafty
                 device
                 to
                 fatten
                 Hares
                 ,
                 which
                 by
                 experience
                 is
                 found
                 effectual
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 by
                 putting
                 Wax
                 into
                 their
                 Ears
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 make
                 them
                 deaf
                 ;
                 then
                 turn
                 them
                 into
                 the
                 place
                 where
                 they
                 should
                 seed
                 ,
                 where
                 being
                 freed
                 from
                 the
                 fear
                 of
                 Sounds
                 (
                 for
                 want
                 of
                 hearing
                 )
                 they
                 grow
                 fat
                 before
                 other
                 of
                 their
                 kind
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 note
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 you
                 have
                 pitched
                 your
                 Hays
                 for
                 Coneys
                 ,
                 sound
                 a
                 Trumpet
                 in
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 Burroughs
                 ,
                 and
                 scarce
                 a
                 Coney
                 in
                 the
                 whole
                 Warren
                 but
                 will
                 start
                 abroad
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 shall
                 end
                 this
                 Chapter
                 with
                 Martial's
                 praise
                 of
                 a
                 Hare
                 and
                 a
                 Thrush
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                   Inter
                   Aves
                   Turdus
                   si
                   quis
                   in
                   Judice
                   certet
                   ,
                
                 
                   Inter
                   Quadrupedes
                   gloria
                   prima
                   Lepus
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Amongst
                   all
                   Birds
                   none
                   with
                   the
                   Thrush
                   compare
                   ,
                
                 
                   And
                   no
                   Beast
                   hath
                   more
                   glory
                   than
                   the
                   Hare
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 Coney-Catching
                 .
              
               
                 BEfore
                 we
                 speak
                 of
                 the
                 Hunting
                 of
                 the
                 Coney
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 amiss
                 to
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 her
                 nature
                 and
                 properties
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 these
                 :
                 the
                 carrieth
                 her
                 young
                 in
                 her
                 Belly
                 thirty
                 days
                 ;
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 she
                 hath
                 kindued
                 she
                 goes
                 to
                 Buck.
                 They
                 begin
                 to
                 breed
                 in
                 England
                 at
                 a
                 year
                 old
                 (
                 but
                 sooner
                 in
                 other
                 places
                 )
                 and
                 so
                 coutinue
                 ,
                 bearing
                 at
                 least
                 seven
                 times
                 in
                 a
                 year
                 if
                 they
                 Litter
                 in
                 March
                 ;
                 this
                 is
                 the
                 reason
                 that
                 a
                 small
                 stock
                 will
                 serve
                 to
                 increase
                 a
                 large
                 Warren
                 .
                 The
                 Does
                 cannot
                 suckle
                 their
                 young
                 till
                 they
                 have
                 been
                 with
                 the
                 Buck
                 ,
                 which
                 must
                 be
                 done
                 presently
                 ,
                 or
                 she
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 inclined
                 fourteen
                 days
                 after
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 the
                 Buck
                 goes
                 to
                 Doe
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 beat
                 very
                 strongly
                 with
                 his
                 fore-Foot
                 upon
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 that
                 means
                 he
                 heateth
                 himself
                 .
                 When
                 he
                 hath
                 buckt
                 ,
                 he
                 is
                 accustomed
                 to
                 fall
                 backwards
                 ,
                 and
                 lie
                 as
                 if
                 he
                 were
                 in
                 a
                 Trance
                 or
                 half
                 dead
                 ,
                 at
                 which
                 time
                 he
                 is
                 easily
                 taken
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Latines
                 call
                 a
                 
                   Coney
                   ,
                   Cuniculus
                
                 ,
                 because
                 it
                 maketh
                 holes
                 in
                 the
                 Earth
                 ;
                 and
                 Cuniculus
                 was
                 a
                 Latine
                 word
                 for
                 a
                 Hole
                 or
                 Cave
                 in
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 before
                 it
                 was
                 taken
                 for
                 a
                 Coney
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Bucks
                 will
                 kill
                 the
                 young
                 if
                 they
                 can
                 come
                 at
                 them
                 ,
                 like
                 to
                 your
                 Bore-cats
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 the
                 Doe
                 prevents
                 that
                 mischief
                 ,
                 by
                 covering
                 her
                 Stop
                 or
                 Nest
                 
                 with
                 Earth
                 or
                 Gravel
                 ,
                 that
                 so
                 they
                 may
                 not
                 easily
                 be
                 discovered
                 .
              
               
                 Those
                 who
                 keep
                 Coneys
                 tame
                 for
                 profit
                 ,
                 may
                 give
                 them
                 to
                 eat
                 Vine-leaves
                 ,
                 Fruits
                 ,
                 Herbs
                 ,
                 Grass
                 ,
                 Bran
                 ,
                 Oatmeal
                 ,
                 Mallows
                 ,
                 Milk-thistles
                 ,
                 Apple-parings
                 ,
                 Cabbage
                 ,
                 Lettise
                 ,
                 or
                 Carret-tops
                 .
                 In
                 Winter
                 they
                 will
                 eat
                 Hay
                 ,
                 Oats
                 ,
                 and
                 Chaff
                 ,
                 being
                 given
                 to
                 them
                 thrice
                 a
                 day
                 :
                 but
                 when
                 they
                 eat
                 green
                 things
                 ,
                 they
                 must
                 not
                 drink
                 at
                 all
                 ,
                 because
                 of
                 the
                 Dropsie
                 which
                 will
                 follow
                 :
                 At
                 all
                 other
                 times
                 a
                 little
                 drink
                 must
                 serve
                 their
                 turn
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 must
                 be
                 always
                 fresh
                 .
                 Here
                 note
                 ,
                 give
                 them
                 not
                 too
                 much
                 green
                 juicy
                 meat
                 ,
                 unless
                 you
                 entermix
                 therewith
                 what
                 is
                 dry
                 ,
                 as
                 Oats
                 ,
                 Chaff
                 ,
                 &c.
                 otherwise
                 they
                 will
                 be
                 Cathed
                 ,
                 or
                 tun-bellied
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 the
                 way
                 of
                 taking
                 them
                 is
                 either
                 by
                 small
                 Curs
                 or
                 Spaniels
                 bred
                 up
                 for
                 that
                 sport
                 ;
                 and
                 their
                 places
                 for
                 hunting
                 are
                 among
                 Bushes
                 and
                 Hedges
                 ;
                 or
                 else
                 by
                 coursing
                 them
                 with
                 small
                 Grey-hounds
                 .
                 In
                 their
                 default
                 they
                 are
                 commonly
                 driven
                 into
                 their
                 Burrows
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 very
                 requisite
                 to
                 set
                 Purse-nets
                 on
                 the
                 Holes
                 ,
                 then
                 put
                 in
                 a
                 Ferret
                 close
                 muzzled
                 ,
                 and
                 she
                 will
                 make
                 the
                 Coneys
                 ,
                 bolt
                 out
                 again
                 into
                 the
                 Purse-nets
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 you
                 may
                 take
                 them
                 .
                 Some
                 say
                 the
                 Drone
                 of
                 a
                 Bag-pipe
                 ,
                 put
                 into
                 a
                 Coney-borrow
                 ,
                 and
                 blown
                 on
                 a
                 sudden
                 ,
                 will
                 make
                 Coneys
                 bolt
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 want
                 of
                 a
                 Ferret
                 ;
                 you
                 may
                 take
                 the
                 powder
                 of
                 Orpine
                 and
                 some
                 Brimstone
                 ,
                 and
                 therewith
                 make
                 a
                 smother
                 in
                 the
                 Burrows
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 they
                 will
                 bolt
                 out
                 .
                 But
                 this
                 way
                 is
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 approved
                 of
                 ;
                 for
                 by
                 that
                 means
                 the
                 Coneys
                 will
                 forsake
                 those
                 Burrows
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 in
                 a
                 little
                 time
                 a
                 Warren
                 will
                 be
                 destroy'd
                 ,
                 should
                 this
                 course
                 be
                 used
                 frequently
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 above
                 Nets
                 and
                 Ferrets
                 ,
                 Hays
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 preferred
                 for
                 the
                 taking
                 of
                 Coneys
                 ;
                 neither
                 is
                 the
                 drawing
                 Ferret
                 to
                 be
                 despised
                 when
                 they
                 are
                 young
                 .
                 Likewise
                 there
                 is
                 excellent
                 sport
                 to
                 be
                 made
                 with
                 our
                 Tumblers
                 ,
                 who
                 will
                 kill
                 Coneys
                 abundantly
                 .
              
               
               
                 Let
                 this
                 suffice
                 ,
                 since
                 any
                 farther
                 discourse
                 hereof
                 is
                 neither
                 proper
                 ,
                 nor
                 pertinent
                 to
                 my
                 present
                 purpose
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Ferret
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Ferret
                 is
                 a
                 little
                 creature
                 that
                 is
                 not
                 bred
                 in
                 
                   Spain
                   ,
                   Italy
                   ,
                   France
                
                 ,
                 nor
                 Germany
                 ;
                 but
                 in
                 England
                 they
                 breed
                 naturally
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 tamed
                 for
                 the
                 benefit
                 of
                 such
                 who
                 keep
                 Warrens
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 a
                 bold
                 and
                 audacious
                 Beast
                 ,
                 Enemy
                 to
                 all
                 others
                 but
                 his
                 own
                 kind
                 ,
                 drinking
                 and
                 sucking
                 in
                 the
                 blood
                 of
                 the
                 beast
                 it
                 biteth
                 ,
                 but
                 eateth
                 not
                 the
                 flesh
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 the
                 Warrener
                 hath
                 an
                 occasion
                 to
                 use
                 his
                 Ferret
                 ,
                 he
                 first
                 makes
                 a
                 noise
                 in
                 the
                 Warren
                 to
                 frighten
                 what
                 Coneys
                 are
                 abroad
                 into
                 their
                 Burrows
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 he
                 pitcheth
                 his
                 Nets
                 ;
                 after
                 that
                 ,
                 he
                 puts
                 his
                 Ferret
                 into
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 having
                 a
                 long
                 Strick
                 ,
                 with
                 Bells
                 about
                 her
                 Neck
                 ,
                 whose
                 Mouth
                 must
                 be
                 muzzled
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 he
                 may
                 not
                 seize
                 ,
                 but
                 frighten
                 the
                 Coneys
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 Burrows
                 ,
                 and
                 afterwards
                 driven
                 by
                 Dogs
                 into
                 the
                 Nets
                 or
                 Hays
                 so
                 planted
                 for
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Body
                 is
                 longer
                 for
                 the
                 proportion
                 than
                 the
                 quantity
                 may
                 afford
                 .
                 Their
                 colour
                 is
                 variable
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 black
                 and
                 white
                 on
                 the
                 Belly
                 ,
                 but
                 most
                 commonly
                 of
                 a
                 yellowish
                 sandy
                 colour
                 ,
                 like
                 Wool
                 died
                 in
                 Urine
                 .
                 The
                 Head
                 is
                 little
                 ,
                 like
                 a
                 Mouse's
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 into
                 whatsoever
                 Hole
                 she
                 can
                 put
                 it
                 in
                 ,
                 all
                 her
                 body
                 will
                 easily
                 follow
                 after
                 .
                 The
                 Eyes
                 are
                 small
                 ,
                 but
                 fiery
                 like
                 red-hot
                 Iron
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 she
                 seeth
                 most
                 clearly
                 in
                 the
                 dark
                 .
                 Her
                 Voice
                 is
                 a
                 whining
                 cry
                 without
                 changing
                 it
                 :
                 She
                 hath
                 onely
                 two
                 Teeth
                 in
                 her
                 neither
                 Chap
                 ,
                 standing
                 out
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 joyned
                 and
                 growing
                 
                 together
                 .
                 The
                 Genital
                 of
                 the
                 Male
                 is
                 of
                 a
                 bony
                 substance
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 it
                 always
                 standeth
                 stiff
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 not
                 lesser
                 at
                 one
                 time
                 than
                 another
                 .
                 The
                 pleasure
                 of
                 the
                 sence
                 in
                 Copulation
                 is
                 not
                 in
                 the
                 Genital-part
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 the
                 Muscles
                 ,
                 Tunicles
                 ,
                 and
                 Nerves
                 wherein
                 the
                 said
                 Genital
                 runneth
                 .
                 When
                 they
                 are
                 in
                 Copulation
                 the
                 Female
                 lieth
                 down
                 ,
                 or
                 bendeth
                 her
                 Knees
                 ,
                 and
                 continually
                 crieth
                 like
                 a
                 Cat
                 ,
                 either
                 because
                 the
                 Male
                 claweth
                 her
                 with
                 his
                 nails
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 roughness
                 of
                 his
                 Genital
                 .
              
               
                 She
                 usually
                 brings
                 forth
                 seven
                 or
                 eight
                 at
                 a
                 time
                 ,
                 carrying
                 them
                 forty
                 days
                 in
                 her
                 little
                 belly
                 :
                 The
                 young
                 ones
                 newly
                 littered
                 are
                 blind
                 thirty
                 days
                 together
                 ;
                 and
                 within
                 forty
                 days
                 after
                 they
                 can
                 see
                 ,
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 used
                 as
                 their
                 dam
                 for
                 profit
                 and
                 recreation
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 tamed
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 nourished
                 with
                 Milk
                 or
                 with
                 Barley-bread
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 can
                 fast
                 a
                 very
                 long
                 time
                 .
                 When
                 they
                 go
                 ,
                 they
                 contract
                 their
                 long
                 back
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 it
                 stand
                 upright
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 round
                 like
                 a
                 Bowl
                 :
                 when
                 they
                 are
                 touched
                 ,
                 they
                 smell
                 like
                 a
                 Martel
                 ;
                 and
                 they
                 sleep
                 very
                 much
                 .
                 Thus
                 much
                 of
                 the
                 Ferret
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 thought
                 good
                 to
                 place
                 after
                 the
                 Chapter
                 of
                 Coney-catching
                 ,
                 because
                 this
                 little
                 Animal
                 is
                 such
                 a
                 necessary
                 Instrument
                 for
                 that
                 purpose
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 Fox-Hunting
                 .
              
               
                 HIs
                 Shape
                 and
                 Proportion
                 is
                 so
                 well
                 known
                 ,
                 being
                 a
                 beast
                 so
                 common
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 needless
                 to
                 describe
                 him
                 .
              
               
                 His
                 nature
                 in
                 many
                 respects
                 is
                 like
                 that
                 of
                 a
                 Wolf
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 bring
                 as
                 many
                 Cubs
                 at
                 a
                 Litter
                 one
                 as
                 the
                 other
                 :
                 but
                 thus
                 they
                 differ
                 ;
                 the
                 Fox
                 Litters
                 deep
                 under
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 so
                 doth
                 not
                 the
                 Wolf
                 ,
              
               
               
                 A
                 Bitch
                 -
                 Fox
                 is
                 hardly
                 to
                 be
                 taken
                 when
                 she
                 is
                 bragged
                 and
                 with
                 Cub
                 ;
                 for
                 then
                 she
                 will
                 lie
                 near
                 her
                 Burrow
                 ,
                 into
                 which
                 she
                 runs
                 upon
                 the
                 hearing
                 of
                 the
                 least
                 noise
                 .
                 And
                 indeed
                 at
                 any
                 time
                 it
                 is
                 somewhat
                 difficult
                 ;
                 for
                 the
                 Fox
                 (
                 and
                 so
                 the
                 Wolf
                 )
                 is
                 a
                 very
                 subtile
                 crafty
                 creature
                 .
              
               
                 Fox-hunting
                 is
                 very
                 pleasant
                 ;
                 for
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 his
                 strong
                 hot
                 scent
                 he
                 maketh
                 an
                 excellent
                 Cry
                 :
                 And
                 as
                 his
                 scent
                 is
                 hottest
                 at
                 hand
                 ,
                 so
                 it
                 dies
                 soonest
                 .
                 Besides
                 ,
                 he
                 never
                 flies
                 far
                 before
                 the
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 trusting
                 not
                 on
                 his
                 Legs
                 ,
                 Strength
                 ,
                 or
                 Champion
                 ground
                 ,
                 but
                 strongest
                 Coverts
                 .
                 When
                 he
                 can
                 no
                 longer
                 stand
                 up
                 before
                 the
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 he
                 then
                 taketh
                 Earth
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 must
                 he
                 be
                 digged
                 out
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 Grey-hounds
                 course
                 him
                 on
                 a
                 Plain
                 ,
                 his
                 last
                 refuge
                 is
                 to
                 piss
                 on
                 his
                 Tail
                 ,
                 and
                 flap
                 it
                 in
                 their
                 Faces
                 as
                 they
                 come
                 near
                 him
                 ;
                 sometimes
                 squirting
                 his
                 thicker
                 Excrement
                 upon
                 them
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 them
                 give
                 over
                 the
                 Course
                 a
                 pursuit
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 a
                 Bitch
                 -
                 Fox
                 goes
                 a
                 clicketing
                 and
                 seeketh
                 sot
                 a
                 Dog
                 ,
                 she
                 cryeth
                 with
                 a
                 hollow
                 Voice
                 ,
                 not
                 unlike
                 the
                 howling
                 of
                 a
                 mad
                 Dog
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 manner
                 she
                 cries
                 when
                 she
                 misseth
                 any
                 of
                 her
                 Cubs
                 :
                 but
                 never
                 makes
                 any
                 cry
                 at
                 all
                 when
                 she
                 is
                 killing
                 ,
                 but
                 defend
                 her self
                 to
                 the
                 last
                 gasp
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Fox
                 will
                 prey
                 upon
                 any
                 thing
                 he
                 can
                 overcome
                 ,
                 and
                 feeds
                 upon
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Carrion
                 ;
                 but
                 their
                 dainties
                 and
                 the
                 food
                 which
                 they
                 most
                 delight
                 in
                 ,
                 is
                 Poultry
                 .
                 They
                 are
                 very
                 destructive
                 and
                 injurious
                 to
                 Coney-Warrens
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 sometimes
                 kill
                 Hares
                 by
                 deceit
                 and
                 subtilty
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 by
                 swift
                 running
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Fox
                 is
                 taken
                 with
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 Grey-hounds
                 ,
                 Terriers
                 ,
                 Nets
                 ,
                 and
                 Gins.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 Terriers
                 there
                 are
                 two
                 sorts
                 ,
                 The
                 one
                 is
                 crookedleg'd
                 ,
                 and
                 commonly
                 short-hair'd
                 :
                 and
                 these
                 will
                 take
                 
                 Earth
                 well
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 lie
                 very
                 long
                 at
                 Fox
                 or
                 Badger
                 .
                 The
                 other
                 sort
                 is
                 shagged
                 and
                 straight
                 Legg'd
                 :
                 and
                 these
                 will
                 not
                 onely
                 hunt
                 above-ground
                 as
                 other
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 enter
                 the
                 Earth
                 with
                 much
                 more
                 fury
                 than
                 the
                 former
                 ;
                 but
                 cannot
                 stay
                 in
                 so
                 long
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 their
                 great
                 eagerness
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 time
                 of
                 entring
                 these
                 Terriers
                 ,
                 is
                 when
                 they
                 are
                 near
                 a
                 twelve-month
                 old
                 ;
                 for
                 if
                 you
                 enter
                 him
                 not
                 in
                 within
                 this
                 time
                 ,
                 you
                 will
                 hardly
                 after
                 bring
                 him
                 to
                 take
                 the
                 Earth
                 .
                 And
                 to
                 encourage
                 the
                 young
                 Terrier
                 the
                 more
                 ,
                 put
                 in
                 an
                 old
                 one
                 before
                 him
                 ,
                 that
                 can
                 better
                 endure
                 the
                 fury
                 of
                 the
                 Fox
                 or
                 Badger
                 :
                 and
                 be
                 careful
                 that
                 neither
                 of
                 them
                 be
                 old
                 when
                 you
                 engage
                 your
                 young
                 Terrier
                 with
                 him
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 entring
                 and
                 fleshing
                 them
                 may
                 be
                 done
                 several
                 ways
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 first
                 place
                 thus
                 :
                 When
                 Foxes
                 and
                 Badgers
                 have
                 young
                 Cubs
                 ,
                 then
                 take
                 your
                 old
                 Terriers
                 and
                 enter
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 ground
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 they
                 begin
                 to
                 bay
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 then
                 hold
                 every
                 one
                 of
                 your
                 Terriers
                 at
                 a
                 sundry
                 Hole
                 or
                 Mouth
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 listen
                 and
                 hear
                 the
                 old
                 ones
                 Bay.
                 Having
                 taken
                 the
                 old
                 Fox
                 or
                 Badger
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 nothing
                 remains
                 within
                 but
                 the
                 young
                 Cubs
                 ,
                 then
                 couple
                 up
                 all
                 your
                 old
                 Terriers
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 in
                 the
                 young
                 in
                 their
                 stead
                 ,
                 encouraging
                 them
                 by
                 crying
                 ,
                 
                   To
                   him
                   ,
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   to
                   him
                   .
                
                 And
                 if
                 they
                 take
                 any
                 young
                 Cub
                 within
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 let
                 them
                 alone
                 to
                 do
                 what
                 they
                 please
                 with
                 him
                 ;
                 and
                 forget
                 not
                 to
                 give
                 the
                 old
                 Terriers
                 their
                 reward
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 Blood
                 and
                 Livers
                 ,
                 fryed
                 with
                 Cheese
                 and
                 some
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 Grease
                 ,
                 shewing
                 them
                 the
                 Heads
                 and
                 Skins
                 to
                 encourage
                 them
                 .
                 Before
                 you
                 reward
                 them
                 ,
                 wash
                 them
                 with
                 Soap
                 and
                 warm
                 Water
                 ,
                 to
                 clear
                 their
                 Skins
                 from
                 Earth
                 and
                 Clay
                 that
                 is
                 clodded
                 to
                 the
                 Hair
                 ,
                 otherwise
                 they
                 are
                 apt
                 to
                 be
                 mangie
                 .
                 You
                 may
                 also
                 enter
                 them
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 :
                 Take
                 an
                 old
                 Fox
                 ,
                 or
                 Badger
                 ,
                 and
                 cut
                 away
                 the
                 neither
                 Jaw
                 ,
                 but
                 meddle
                 not
                 with
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 
                 leaving
                 the
                 upper
                 to
                 shew
                 the
                 fury
                 of
                 the
                 Beast
                 ,
                 although
                 it
                 can
                 do
                 no
                 harm
                 therewith
                 .
                 Then
                 dig
                 an
                 Earth
                 in
                 some
                 convenient
                 place
                 in
                 your
                 own
                 grounds
                 ,
                 and
                 be
                 careful
                 to
                 make
                 it
                 wide
                 enough
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 intent
                 the
                 Terriers
                 may
                 turn
                 therein
                 the
                 better
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 there
                 may
                 be
                 room
                 enough
                 for
                 two
                 to
                 enter
                 together
                 :
                 then
                 cover
                 the
                 Hole
                 with
                 boards
                 and
                 Turf
                 ,
                 putting
                 the
                 Fox
                 or
                 Badger
                 first
                 therein
                 ,
                 and
                 afterwards
                 put
                 in
                 your
                 Terriers
                 both
                 young
                 and
                 old
                 ,
                 encouraging
                 them
                 with
                 words
                 that
                 are
                 the
                 usual
                 terms
                 of
                 Art.
                 When
                 they
                 have
                 bay'd
                 sufficiently
                 ,
                 then
                 begin
                 to
                 dig
                 with
                 Spades
                 and
                 Mattocks
                 ,
                 to
                 encourage
                 them
                 against
                 such
                 time
                 as
                 you
                 are
                 to
                 dig
                 over
                 them
                 :
                 then
                 take
                 out
                 the
                 Fox
                 or
                 Badger
                 with
                 the
                 Clamps
                 or
                 Pinchers
                 ,
                 killing
                 it
                 before
                 them
                 ,
                 or
                 let
                 a
                 Grey-hound
                 kill
                 it
                 in
                 their
                 sight
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 them
                 reward
                 thereof
                 .
                 Here
                 note
                 ,
                 that
                 instead
                 of
                 cutting
                 away
                 the
                 Jaw
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 every
                 whit
                 as
                 well
                 to
                 break
                 out
                 all
                 his
                 Teeth
                 ,
                 to
                 prevent
                 him
                 from
                 biting
                 the
                 Terriers
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 to
                 say
                 the
                 truth
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 not
                 much
                 pastime
                 or
                 pleasure
                 in
                 Hunting
                 of
                 a
                 Fox
                 under
                 ground
                 ;
                 for
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 that
                 subtle
                 creature
                 perceiveth
                 the
                 Terriers
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 bay
                 hard
                 ,
                 and
                 lie
                 near
                 unto
                 them
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 bolt
                 out
                 immediately
                 ,
                 unless
                 it
                 be
                 when
                 the
                 Bitch
                 hath
                 young
                 Cubs
                 ,
                 then
                 they
                 will
                 sooner
                 die
                 than
                 stir
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 make
                 their
                 Earths
                 as
                 near
                 as
                 they
                 can
                 in
                 ground
                 that
                 is
                 hard
                 to
                 dig
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 Clay
                 ,
                 Stoney-ground
                 ,
                 or
                 amongst
                 the
                 Roots
                 of
                 Trees
                 ;
                 and
                 their
                 Earths
                 have
                 commonly
                 but
                 one
                 Hole
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 straight
                 a
                 long
                 way
                 in
                 before
                 it
                 come
                 at
                 their
                 Couch
                 .
                 Sometimes
                 craftily
                 they
                 possess
                 themselves
                 of
                 a
                 Badger's
                 old
                 Burrow
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 variety
                 of
                 Chambers
                 ,
                 Holes
                 ,
                 and
                 Angles
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 a
                 good
                 Terrier
                 doth
                 once
                 binde
                 the
                 Fox
                 ,
                 he
                 then
                 yearns
                 ,
                 and
                 defends
                 himself
                 very
                 notably
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 so
                 strenuously
                 as
                 the
                 Badger
                 ,
                 nor
                 is
                 his
                 biting
                 half
                 so
                 
                 dangerous
                 .
                 Here
                 note
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 take
                 a
                 Bitch
                 -
                 Fox
                 when
                 she
                 goeth
                 a
                 Clicketing
                 ,
                 and
                 cut
                 out
                 that
                 Gut
                 which
                 containeth
                 her
                 Sperm
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 Kidneys
                 which
                 Gelders
                 deprive
                 Bitches
                 of
                 when
                 they
                 spay
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 cut
                 them
                 into
                 small
                 gobbets
                 ,
                 mingling
                 therewith
                 the
                 Gum
                 of
                 Mastick
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 them
                 hot
                 as
                 they
                 are
                 into
                 a
                 Pot
                 ,
                 and
                 cover
                 the
                 same
                 close
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 serve
                 for
                 an
                 excellent
                 Train
                 for
                 a
                 Fox
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 keep
                 the
                 whole
                 year
                 round
                 .
                 Take
                 the
                 Skin
                 of
                 Bacon
                 ,
                 and
                 broil
                 it
                 well
                 on
                 a
                 Gridiron
                 ,
                 then
                 dip
                 it
                 in
                 the
                 ingredients
                 of
                 the
                 Pot
                 aforesaid
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 a
                 train
                 thereof
                 ,
                 you
                 will
                 experimentally
                 find
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 there
                 be
                 any
                 Fox
                 near
                 to
                 any
                 place
                 where
                 the
                 train
                 is
                 drawn
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 follow
                 it
                 ;
                 but
                 let
                 him
                 who
                 makes
                 the
                 train
                 rub
                 the
                 soals
                 of
                 his
                 Feet
                 with
                 Cow-dung
                 ,
                 lest
                 the
                 Fox
                 vent
                 his
                 footing
                 :
                 and
                 thus
                 you
                 may
                 train
                 a
                 Fox
                 to
                 a
                 standing
                 ,
                 and
                 kill
                 him
                 in
                 an
                 Evening
                 with
                 Gun
                 or
                 Cross-bow
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 likewise
                 found
                 by
                 experience
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 a
                 Terrier
                 be
                 rubbed
                 with
                 Brimstone
                 ,
                 or
                 with
                 Oil
                 of
                 Cade
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 put
                 him
                 into
                 an
                 Earth
                 where
                 either
                 a
                 Fox
                 or
                 Badger
                 is
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 leave
                 that
                 Earth
                 ,
                 and
                 come
                 not
                 to
                 it
                 again
                 a
                 good
                 while
                 after
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 shall
                 conclude
                 this
                 discourse
                 with
                 what
                 I
                 have
                 observed
                 in
                 
                   Gesner's
                   History
                   of
                   Beasts
                
                 tending
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 purpose
                 :
                 saith
                 he
                 ,
                 
                   As
                   he
                   frequently
                   cheats
                   the
                   Badger
                   of
                   his
                   Habitation
                   by
                   laying
                   his
                   Excrements
                   at
                   the
                   mouth
                   of
                   his
                   Earth
                   or
                   Burrow
                   ;
                   so
                   ,
                   for
                   as
                   much
                   as
                   the
                   Wolf
                   is
                   an
                   Enemy
                   to
                   the
                   Fox
                   ,
                   he
                   layeth
                   in
                   the
                   mouth
                   of
                   his
                   Earth
                   an
                   Herb
                   called
                   a
                   Sea-onion
                   ,
                   which
                   a
                   Wolf
                   naturally
                   hates
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   so
                   averse
                   thereunto
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   will
                   never
                   come
                   near
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   it
                   either
                   lies
                   or
                   grows
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   Fox-Hunting
                   above
                   ground
                   .
                
                 
                   To
                   this
                   purpose
                   you
                   must
                   draw
                   with
                   your
                   Hounds
                   about
                   Groves
                   ,
                   Thickets
                   ,
                   and
                   Bushes
                   near
                   Villages
                   :
                   for
                   
                   a
                   Fox
                   will
                   lurk
                   in
                   such
                   places
                   ,
                   to
                   prey
                   on
                   young
                   Pigs
                   and
                   Pullein
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   it
                   will
                   be
                   necessary
                   to
                   stop
                   up
                   his
                   Earths
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   can
                   find
                   them
                   ,
                   the
                   night
                   before
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   hunt
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   best
                   time
                   will
                   be
                   about
                   midnight
                   ,
                   for
                   then
                   the
                   Fox
                   goeth
                   out
                   to
                   seek
                   his
                   Prey
                   .
                   You
                   may
                   stop
                   his
                   Holes
                   by
                   laying
                   two
                   white
                   sticks
                   a
                   cross
                   before
                   them
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   make
                   him
                   imagine
                   it
                   is
                   some
                   Gin
                   or
                   Trap
                   laid
                   for
                   him
                   :
                   or
                   else
                   you
                   may
                   stop
                   them
                   up
                   close
                   with
                   black-Thorns
                   and
                   Earth
                   together
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   best
                   hunting
                   a
                   Fox
                   above-ground
                   ,
                   is
                   in
                   
                     January
                     ,
                     February
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   March
                   ,
                   for
                   then
                   you
                   shall
                   best
                   see
                   your
                   Hounds
                   hunting
                   ,
                   and
                   best
                   find
                   his
                   Earthing
                   ;
                   besides
                   ,
                   at
                   those
                   times
                   the
                   Fox's
                   Skin
                   is
                   best
                   in
                   season
                   .
                
                 
                   Again
                   ,
                   the
                   Hounds
                   best
                   hunt
                   the
                   Fox
                   in
                   the
                   coldest
                   weather
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   leaveth
                   a
                   very
                   strong
                   scent
                   behind
                   him
                   ;
                   yet
                   in
                   cold
                   weather
                   it
                   chills
                   fastest
                   .
                
                 
                   At
                   first
                   onely
                   cast
                   off
                   your
                   sure
                   Finders
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   the
                   Drag
                   mends
                   ,
                   so
                   adde
                   more
                   as
                   you
                   dare
                   trust
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   Shun
                   casting
                   off
                   too
                   many
                   Hounds
                   at
                   once
                   ,
                   because
                   Woods
                   and
                   Coverts
                   are
                   full
                   of
                   sundry
                   Chases
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   you
                   may
                   engage
                   them
                   in
                   too
                   many
                   at
                   one
                   time
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   such
                   as
                   you
                   cast
                   off
                   at
                   first
                   be
                   old
                   Staunch-Hounds
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   sure
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   you
                   hear
                   such
                   a
                   Hound
                   call
                   on
                   merrily
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   cast
                   off
                   some
                   other
                   to
                   him
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   they
                   run
                   it
                   on
                   the
                   full
                   cry
                   ,
                   cast
                   off
                   the
                   rest
                   :
                   and
                   thus
                   you
                   shall
                   compleat
                   your
                   pastime
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   words
                   of
                   comfort
                   are
                   the
                   same
                   which
                   are
                   used
                   in
                   the
                   other
                   chases
                   ,
                   attended
                   with
                   the
                   same
                   Hallowings
                   and
                   other
                   ceremonies
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   the
                   Hounds
                   kill
                   the
                   Fox
                   themselves
                   ,
                   and
                   worry
                   and
                   hare
                   him
                   as
                   much
                   as
                   they
                   please
                   :
                   many
                   Hounds
                   will
                   eat
                   him
                   with
                   eagerness
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   he
                   is
                   dead
                   ,
                   hang
                   him
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   a
                   Pike-staff
                   ,
                   and
                   hallow
                   in
                   all
                   your
                   Hounds
                   to
                   bay
                   him
                   :
                   but
                   reward
                   them
                   not
                   with
                   any
                   thing
                   belonging
                   to
                   the
                   Fox
                   ;
                   for
                   it
                   is
                   not
                   good
                   ,
                   neither
                   will
                   they
                   eat
                   it
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 Of
                 Badger-Hunting
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Badger
                 is
                 called
                 by
                 several
                 names
                 ,
                 viz.
                 a
                 
                   Gray
                   ,
                   Brock
                   ,
                   Boreson
                
                 or
                 Bauson
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 
                   France
                   Tausson
                
                 .
                 The
                 Male
                 is
                 called
                 a
                 Badger
                 or
                 Boar-pig
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 Female
                 is
                 called
                 a
                 Sow
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 Beasts
                 are
                 plentiful
                 in
                 
                   Naples
                   ,
                   Sicily
                   ,
                   Lucane
                
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 Alpine
                 and
                 Helvetian
                 Coasts
                 ;
                 so
                 are
                 they
                 also
                 here
                 in
                 England
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 are
                 two
                 kinds
                 of
                 this
                 beast
                 ,
                 (
                 saith
                 Gesner
                 )
                 one
                 resembling
                 a
                 Dog
                 in
                 his
                 feet
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 a
                 Hog
                 in
                 his
                 cloven
                 hoof
                 :
                 they
                 differ
                 too
                 in
                 their
                 snout
                 and
                 colour
                 ;
                 for
                 the
                 one
                 resembles
                 the
                 snout
                 of
                 a
                 Dog
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 of
                 a
                 Swine
                 :
                 the
                 one
                 hath
                 a
                 greyer
                 coat
                 ,
                 or
                 whiter
                 coat
                 than
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 and
                 goeth
                 farther
                 out
                 in
                 seeking
                 of
                 its
                 prey
                 .
                 They
                 differ
                 also
                 in
                 their
                 meat
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 eating
                 Flesh
                 and
                 Carrion
                 like
                 a
                 Dog
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 Roots
                 and
                 Fruits
                 like
                 a
                 Hog
                 :
                 both
                 these
                 kinds
                 have
                 been
                 found
                 in
                 
                   Normandy
                   ,
                   France
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Sicily
                 .
              
               
                 Mr.
                 Turbervil
                 makes
                 mention
                 of
                 two
                 sorts
                 of
                 Badgers
                 likewise
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 a
                 different
                 manner
                 .
                 
                   For
                   the
                   one
                   (
                   saith
                   he
                   )
                   casteth
                   his
                   Fiaunts
                   long
                   like
                   a
                   Fox
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   their
                   residence
                   in
                   Rocks
                   ,
                   making
                   their
                   Burrows
                   very
                   deep
                   .
                   The
                   other
                   sort
                   make
                   their
                   Burrows
                   in
                   light
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   more
                   variety
                   of
                   Cells
                   and
                   Chambers
                   than
                   the
                   former
                   .
                
                 The
                 one
                 of
                 these
                 is
                 called
                 the
                 Badger-pig
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 the
                 Badger-whelp
                 ;
                 or
                 call
                 one
                 Canine
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 Swinish
                 .
                 The
                 first
                 hath
                 his
                 Nose
                 ,
                 Throat
                 ,
                 and
                 Ears
                 yellowish
                 like
                 a
                 Martern's
                 Throat
                 ;
                 and
                 are
                 much
                 blacker
                 ,
                 and
                 higher
                 Leg'd
                 than
                 the
                 Badger-whelp
                 .
                 Both
                 sorts
                 live
                 upon
                 all
                 Flesh
                 ,
                 hunting
                 greedily
                 after
                 Carrion
                 .
                 They
                 are
                 very
                 mischievous
                 and
                 hurtful
                 
                 to
                 Warrens
                 ,
                 especially
                 when
                 they
                 are
                 big
                 with
                 young
                 .
              
               
                 Badgers
                 when
                 they
                 Earth
                 ,
                 after
                 by
                 digging
                 they
                 have
                 entred
                 a
                 good
                 depth
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 clearing
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 out
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 them
                 falleth
                 on
                 the
                 back
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 layeth
                 Earth
                 on
                 the
                 belly
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 taking
                 his
                 hinder
                 feet
                 in
                 his
                 mouth
                 ,
                 draweth
                 the
                 Belly-laden
                 -
                 Badger
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Hole
                 or
                 Cave
                 ;
                 and
                 having
                 disburdened
                 her self
                 ,
                 re-enters
                 ,
                 and
                 doth
                 the
                 like
                 till
                 all
                 be
                 finished
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 Badgers
                 are
                 very
                 sleepy
                 ,
                 especially
                 in
                 the
                 day-time
                 ,
                 and
                 seldom
                 stir
                 abroad
                 but
                 in
                 the
                 night
                 ;
                 for
                 which
                 cause
                 they
                 are
                 called
                 Lucifugae
                 ,
                 avoiders
                 of
                 the
                 Light.
                 
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 very
                 pleasant
                 to
                 behold
                 them
                 when
                 they
                 gather
                 materials
                 for
                 their
                 Couch
                 ,
                 as
                 straw
                 ,
                 leaves
                 ,
                 moss
                 ,
                 and
                 such-like
                 ;
                 for
                 with
                 their
                 Feet
                 and
                 their
                 Head
                 they
                 will
                 wrap
                 as
                 much
                 together
                 as
                 a
                 man
                 can
                 well
                 carry
                 under
                 his
                 arm
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 make
                 shift
                 to
                 get
                 it
                 into
                 their
                 Cells
                 and
                 Couches
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 hath
                 very
                 sharp
                 Teeth
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 is
                 accounted
                 a
                 deep
                 biting
                 beast
                 :
                 his
                 back
                 is
                 broad
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 legs
                 are
                 longer
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 side
                 than
                 the
                 left
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 he
                 runneth
                 best
                 when
                 he
                 gets
                 on
                 the
                 side
                 of
                 an
                 Hill
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Cart-road-way
                 .
                 His
                 fore-Legs
                 have
                 very
                 sharp
                 Nails
                 ,
                 bare
                 ,
                 and
                 apt
                 to
                 dig
                 withal
                 ,
                 being
                 five
                 both
                 before
                 and
                 behinde
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 hinder
                 very
                 much
                 shorter
                 ,
                 and
                 covered
                 with
                 hair
                 .
                 His
                 savour
                 is
                 strong
                 ,
                 and
                 much
                 troubled
                 with
                 Lice
                 about
                 the
                 secrets
                 .
                 Both
                 Male
                 and
                 Female
                 have
                 under
                 their
                 Hole
                 another
                 Hole
                 outwardly
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 inwardly
                 in
                 the
                 Male.
                 If
                 she
                 be
                 hunted
                 abroad
                 with
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 she
                 biteth
                 them
                 most
                 grievously
                 where-ever
                 she
                 lays
                 hold
                 on
                 them
                 .
                 For
                 the
                 prevention
                 thereof
                 ,
                 the
                 careful
                 Huntsmen
                 put
                 great
                 broad
                 Collars
                 made
                 of
                 Grays
                 Skins
                 about
                 their
                 Dogs
                 Necks
                 Her
                 manner
                 is
                 to
                 fight
                 on
                 her
                 back
                 ,
                 using
                 thereby
                 both
                 her
                 Teeth
                 and
                 her
                 Nails
                 ;
                 and
                 by
                 blowing
                 up
                 her
                 Skin
                 
                 after
                 a
                 strange
                 and
                 wonderful
                 manner
                 ,
                 she
                 defendeth
                 her self
                 against
                 any
                 blow
                 and
                 teeth
                 of
                 Dogs
                 ;
                 onely
                 a
                 small
                 stroke
                 on
                 her
                 Nose
                 will
                 dispatch
                 her
                 presently
                 ;
                 you
                 may
                 thrash
                 your
                 heart
                 weary
                 on
                 her
                 back
                 ,
                 which
                 she
                 values
                 as
                 a
                 matter
                 of
                 nothing
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 Italy
                 they
                 eat
                 the
                 flesh
                 of
                 Badgers
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 they
                 do
                 in
                 Germany
                 ,
                 boiling
                 it
                 with
                 Pears
                 :
                 some
                 have
                 eaten
                 it
                 here
                 in
                 England
                 ,
                 but
                 like
                 it
                 not
                 ,
                 being
                 of
                 a
                 sweet
                 rankish
                 taste
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 flesh
                 is
                 best
                 in
                 September
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 fat
                 ;
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 two
                 kinds
                 ,
                 the
                 Swinish
                 Badger
                 is
                 better
                 flesh
                 than
                 the
                 other
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 love
                 Hogs-flesh
                 above
                 any
                 other
                 ;
                 for
                 take
                 but
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 Pork
                 and
                 train
                 it
                 over
                 a
                 Badger's
                 Burrow
                 ,
                 if
                 he
                 be
                 within
                 ,
                 you
                 shall
                 quickly
                 see
                 him
                 appear
                 without
                 .
              
               
                 Their
                 nature
                 is
                 very
                 cold
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 when
                 it
                 snoweth
                 they
                 will
                 not
                 come
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 holes
                 for
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 days
                 together
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 live
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 mere
                 age
                 will
                 grow
                 blinde
                 ;
                 then
                 will
                 they
                 not
                 stir
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 Holes
                 ,
                 but
                 are
                 fed
                 by
                 those
                 who
                 have
                 their
                 sight
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 subtilty
                 they
                 have
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 they
                 perceive
                 the
                 Terriers
                 begin
                 to
                 yearn
                 them
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 stop
                 the
                 hole
                 between
                 the
                 Terriers
                 and
                 them
                 :
                 if
                 the
                 Terriers
                 continue
                 baying
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 remove
                 their
                 baggage
                 with
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 go
                 into
                 another
                 apartment
                 or
                 chamber
                 of
                 the
                 Burrow
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 know
                 that
                 some
                 of
                 their
                 Houses
                 have
                 half
                 a
                 dozen
                 rooms
                 at
                 least
                 ;
                 )
                 and
                 so
                 will
                 remove
                 from
                 one
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 till
                 they
                 can
                 go
                 no
                 further
                 ,
                 barricadoing
                 the
                 way
                 as
                 they
                 go
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Hunting
                 of
                 a
                 Badger
                 must
                 be
                 after
                 this
                 manner
                 :
                 You
                 must
                 first
                 seek
                 the
                 Earths
                 and
                 Burrows
                 where
                 he
                 lieth
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 a
                 clear
                 Moon-shine
                 night
                 go
                 and
                 stop
                 all
                 the
                 holes
                 but
                 one
                 or
                 two
                 ,
                 and
                 therein
                 place
                 some
                 Sacks
                 fastned
                 with
                 some
                 drawing
                 Strings
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 shut
                 him
                 in
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 he
                 straineth
                 the
                 Bag.
                 
              
               
               
                 The
                 Sacks
                 or
                 Bags
                 being
                 thus
                 set
                 ,
                 cast
                 of
                 your
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 and
                 beat
                 all
                 the
                 Groves
                 ,
                 Hedges
                 ,
                 and
                 Tufts
                 within
                 a
                 mile
                 or
                 two
                 about
                 .
                 What
                 Badgers
                 are
                 abroad
                 ,
                 being
                 alarm'd
                 by
                 the
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 will
                 straight
                 repair
                 to
                 their
                 Earths
                 or
                 Burrows
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 be
                 taken
                 .
              
               
                 Let
                 him
                 that
                 standeth
                 to
                 watch
                 the
                 Sacks
                 ,
                 stand
                 close
                 ,
                 and
                 upon
                 a
                 clear
                 Wind
                 ,
                 for
                 else
                 the
                 Badger
                 will
                 soon
                 find
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 fly
                 some
                 other
                 way
                 for
                 safety
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 the
                 Hounds
                 either
                 encounter
                 him
                 ,
                 or
                 undertake
                 the
                 chase
                 before
                 he
                 can
                 get
                 into
                 his
                 Earth
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 then
                 stand
                 at
                 bay
                 like
                 a
                 Boar
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 most
                 incomparable
                 sport
                 .
              
               
                 
                   What
                   Instruments
                   are
                   to
                   be
                   used
                   in
                   digging
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   to
                   dig
                   for
                   Badger
                   or
                   Fox
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   first
                   place
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   have
                   such
                   as
                   are
                   able
                   to
                   dig
                   :
                   next
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   have
                   so
                   many
                   Terriers
                   garnished
                   with
                   Bells
                   hung
                   in
                   Collars
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   the
                   Fox
                   or
                   Badga
                   bolt
                   the
                   sooner
                   ;
                   besides
                   ,
                   the
                   Collars
                   will
                   be
                   some
                   smal
                   defense
                   unto
                   the
                   Terriers
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Instruments
                   to
                   dig
                   withal
                   are
                   these
                   :
                   a
                   sharp
                   pointed
                   Spade
                   ,
                   which
                   serveth
                   to
                   begin
                   the
                   Trench
                   when
                   the
                   ground
                   is
                   hardest
                   ,
                   and
                   broader
                   Tools
                   will
                   not
                   so
                   wel
                   enter
                   ;
                   the
                   round
                   hollowed
                   Spade
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   useful
                   to
                   dig
                   amongst
                   Roots
                   ,
                   having
                   very
                   sharp
                   edges
                   ;
                   the
                   flat
                   broad
                   Spade
                   ,
                   to
                   dig
                   withal
                   when
                   the
                   Trench
                   is
                   better
                   opened
                   and
                   the
                   ground
                   softer
                   ;
                   Mattocks
                   and
                   Pick-axes
                   ,
                   to
                   dig
                   in
                   hard
                   ground
                   where
                   a
                   Spade
                   will
                   do
                   but
                   little
                   service
                   the
                   Coal-rake
                   ,
                   to
                   cleanse
                   the
                   Hole
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   keep
                   it
                   from
                   stopping
                   up
                   ;
                   the
                   Clamps
                   ,
                   whereby
                   you
                   may
                   take
                   a
                   Fox
                   or
                   Badger
                   out
                   alive
                   to
                   make
                   sport
                   therewith
                   afterwards
                   .
                   And
                   it
                   would
                   not
                   be
                   amiss
                   to
                   have
                   a
                   Pail
                   of
                   Water
                   ,
                   to
                   refresh
                   your
                   Terriers
                   after
                   they
                   are
                   come
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   to
                   take
                   breath
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   this
                   order
                   you
                   may
                   besiege
                   a
                   Fox
                   or
                   Badger
                   in
                   
                   their
                   strongest
                   Holes
                   or
                   Castles
                   ,
                   and
                   may
                   break
                   their
                   Casmats
                   ,
                   Platforms
                   ,
                   Parapets
                   ,
                   and
                   work
                   to
                   them
                   with
                   Mines
                   and
                   Counter-mines
                   ,
                   until
                   you
                   have
                   obtained
                   your
                   satisfaction
                   .
                   But
                   there
                   is
                   a
                   shorter
                   method
                   than
                   this
                   ,
                   which
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   its
                   commonness
                   I
                   shall
                   forbear
                   to
                   mention
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Otter
                 .
              
               
                 IT
                 is
                 supposed
                 by
                 some
                 that
                 the
                 Otter
                 is
                 of
                 the
                 kind
                 of
                 Beavers
                 ,
                 being
                 it
                 is
                 an
                 amphibious
                 creature
                 living
                 both
                 in
                 the
                 Water
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 Land
                 ;
                 besides
                 ,
                 the
                 outward
                 form
                 of
                 the
                 parts
                 beareth
                 a
                 similitude
                 of
                 that
                 beast
                 .
                 Some
                 say
                 ,
                 were
                 his
                 tail
                 off
                 ,
                 he
                 were
                 in
                 all
                 parts
                 like
                 a
                 Beaver
                 ,
                 differing
                 in
                 nothing
                 but
                 habitation
                 :
                 For
                 the
                 Beaver
                 frequenteth
                 both
                 the
                 Salt-water
                 and
                 the
                 Fresh
                 ;
                 but
                 the
                 Otter
                 never
                 goeth
                 to
                 the
                 Salt.
                 
              
               
                 Though
                 the
                 Otter
                 live
                 in
                 the
                 Water
                 ,
                 yet
                 it
                 doth
                 not
                 breath
                 like
                 Fishes
                 through
                 the
                 benefit
                 of
                 the
                 Water
                 ,
                 it
                 doth
                 breath
                 like
                 other
                 four-footed
                 beasts
                 ,
                 yet
                 it
                 will
                 remain
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 underneath
                 the
                 Water
                 without
                 respiration
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 he
                 want
                 prey
                 in
                 the
                 Waters
                 ,
                 then
                 will
                 he
                 quit
                 them
                 for
                 the
                 Land
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 by
                 painful
                 hunting
                 ashore
                 he
                 cannot
                 fill
                 his
                 belly
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 feed
                 on
                 Herbs
                 ,
                 Snails
                 ,
                 or
                 Frogs
                 :
                 neither
                 will
                 he
                 take
                 less
                 pains
                 in
                 the
                 water
                 to
                 satisfie
                 hunger
                 ;
                 for
                 he
                 will
                 swim
                 two
                 miles
                 together
                 against
                 the
                 stream
                 ,
                 that
                 so
                 ,
                 when
                 his
                 belly
                 is
                 full
                 ,
                 the
                 current
                 of
                 the
                 stream
                 may
                 carry
                 him
                 down
                 again
                 to
                 his
                 designed
                 Lodging
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 near
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 very
                 artificially
                 built
                 with
                 boughs
                 ,
                 sprigs
                 ,
                 and
                 sticks
                 couching
                 together
                 in
                 excellent
                 order
                 ,
                 wherein
                 he
                 sitteth
                 to
                 keep
                 him
                 from
                 the
                 wet
                 .
              
               
               
                 In
                 the
                 hunting
                 of
                 Fish
                 he
                 often
                 pops
                 his
                 Nose
                 above
                 water
                 to
                 take
                 breath
                 :
                 It
                 is
                 a
                 creature
                 of
                 wonderful
                 swistness
                 and
                 nimbleness
                 in
                 taking
                 his
                 prey
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 greediness
                 takes
                 more
                 than
                 he
                 knows
                 what
                 to
                 do
                 with
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 a
                 very
                 subtile
                 and
                 crafty
                 beast
                 ,
                 and
                 indowed
                 with
                 a
                 wonderful
                 sagacity
                 and
                 sense
                 of
                 smelling
                 ,
                 insomuch
                 that
                 he
                 can
                 directly
                 wind
                 the
                 Fishes
                 in
                 the
                 waters
                 a
                 mile
                 or
                 two
                 off
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 flesh
                 of
                 this
                 beast
                 is
                 both
                 cold
                 and
                 filthy
                 ,
                 because
                 it
                 feedeth
                 on
                 stinking
                 Fish
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 not
                 fit
                 to
                 be
                 eaten
                 ;
                 yet
                 it
                 is
                 eaten
                 in
                 Germany
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 Carthusian
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 who
                 are
                 forbidden
                 to
                 eat
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 flesh
                 of
                 other
                 four-footed
                 beasts
                 ,
                 yet
                 they
                 are
                 not
                 prohibited
                 the
                 eating
                 of
                 Otters
                 .
                 There
                 are
                 those
                 in
                 England
                 ,
                 who
                 lately
                 have
                 highly
                 valued
                 an
                 Otter-pie
                 ,
                 much
                 good
                 may
                 it
                 do
                 them
                 with
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 Otters
                 must
                 be
                 hunted
                 by
                 special
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 called
                 Otter
                 hounds
                 ,
                 and
                 also
                 with
                 special
                 Instruments
                 called
                 Otter-spears
                 .
                 When
                 they
                 find
                 themselves
                 wounded
                 with
                 a
                 spear
                 ,
                 they
                 then
                 come
                 to
                 Land
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 fight
                 with
                 the
                 Dogs
                 furiously
                 ;
                 and
                 except
                 they
                 be
                 first
                 wounded
                 ,
                 they
                 forsake
                 not
                 the
                 Water
                 :
                 for
                 they
                 are
                 not
                 ignorant
                 how
                 safe
                 a
                 refuge
                 the
                 Waters
                 are
                 un
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 how
                 unequal
                 a
                 combat
                 they
                 shall
                 sustain
                 with
                 Men
                 and
                 Dogs
                 upon
                 the
                 Land
                 :
                 yet
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 cold
                 Water
                 annoyeth
                 their
                 green
                 wounds
                 ,
                 therefore
                 they
                 spin
                 out
                 their
                 lives
                 to
                 the
                 length
                 of
                 the
                 thread
                 ,
                 chusing
                 rather
                 to
                 die
                 in
                 torments
                 among
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 than
                 to
                 die
                 in
                 the
                 Waters
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Food
                 of
                 an
                 Otter
                 (
                 as
                 I
                 said
                 )
                 is
                 Fish
                 ;
                 and
                 her
                 abode
                 is
                 commonly
                 under
                 the
                 Root
                 of
                 some
                 Tree
                 near
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 Brooks
                 ,
                 Pools
                 ,
                 Meers
                 ,
                 or
                 Fish-ponds
                 ;
                 and
                 sometimes
                 she
                 will
                 lie
                 in
                 a
                 hollow
                 Tree
                 four
                 or
                 five
                 foot
                 above
                 ground
                 :
                 and
                 no
                 Vermin
                 can
                 be
                 more
                 destructive
                 to
                 a
                 Warren
                 ,
                 than
                 the
                 Otter
                 is
                 to
                 a
                 Fish-pond
                 ;
                 
                 for
                 she
                 diveth
                 and
                 hunteth
                 under
                 water
                 after
                 that
                 most
                 wonderful
                 manner
                 ,
                 that
                 few
                 fish
                 escape
                 her
                 ,
                 unless
                 they
                 are
                 very
                 swift
                 and
                 great
                 .
              
               
                 An
                 Otter
                 and
                 Ferret
                 grow
                 salt
                 much
                 about
                 the
                 same
                 time
                 ,
                 and
                 bring
                 forth
                 their
                 young
                 much
                 after
                 the
                 same
                 manner
                 ,
                 neither
                 having
                 their
                 constant
                 number
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 much
                 craft
                 and
                 cunning
                 in
                 the
                 hunting
                 them
                 ;
                 yet
                 with
                 pains-taking
                 you
                 may
                 ensnare
                 them
                 under
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 River-sides
                 ,
                 as
                 you
                 may
                 a
                 Hare
                 with
                 Hare-pipes
                 and
                 such-like
                 Gins.
                 They
                 bite
                 sore
                 and
                 venomously
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 occasion
                 serves
                 they
                 will
                 desend
                 themselves
                 stoutly
                 .
                 If
                 after
                 their
                 ensnaring
                 they
                 chance
                 to
                 abide
                 there
                 long
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 soon
                 enlarge
                 themselves
                 with
                 their
                 teeth
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 creatures
                 are
                 footed
                 like
                 your
                 water-Fowl
                 ,
                 having
                 a
                 web
                 between
                 their
                 claws
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 no
                 heel
                 ,
                 but
                 a
                 round
                 ball
                 under
                 the
                 soal
                 of
                 their
                 Feet
                 :
                 and
                 their
                 Track
                 is
                 called
                 their
                 Mark
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Slot
                 of
                 a
                 Hart
                 ;
                 and
                 their
                 Excrements
                 are
                 called
                 Spraints
                 .
              
               
                 An
                 Otter
                 will
                 not
                 abide
                 long
                 in
                 a
                 place
                 ;
                 for
                 he
                 is
                 apt
                 to
                 be
                 afraid
                 and
                 take
                 distasle
                 ,
                 (
                 having
                 an
                 excellent
                 Ear
                 and
                 Nose
                 ,
                 for
                 hearing
                 and
                 smelling
                 ;
                 )
                 and
                 then
                 he
                 will
                 forsake
                 his
                 Couch
                 ,
                 and
                 shift
                 a
                 mile
                 or
                 two
                 up
                 or
                 down
                 the
                 River
                 :
                 and
                 this
                 he
                 will
                 do
                 according
                 as
                 he
                 findes
                 scarcity
                 of
                 fishing
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 hunting
                 of
                 the
                 Otter
                 observe
                 this
                 ,
                 to
                 send
                 some
                 to
                 one
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 whilst
                 you
                 are
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 beat
                 on
                 the
                 banks
                 with
                 your
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 you
                 will
                 soon
                 find
                 if
                 there
                 be
                 an
                 Otter
                 in
                 that
                 quarter
                 :
                 for
                 an
                 Otter
                 cannot
                 endure
                 long
                 in
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 but
                 must
                 come
                 forth
                 to
                 make
                 his
                 Spraints
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 night
                 sometimes
                 to
                 feed
                 on
                 Grass
                 and
                 such
                 Herbs
                 as
                 the
                 fields
                 afford
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 any
                 of
                 the
                 Hounds
                 find
                 out
                 an
                 Otter
                 ,
                 then
                 look
                 in
                 the
                 soft
                 grounds
                 and
                 moist
                 places
                 to
                 see
                 which
                 way
                 he
                 bent
                 his
                 head
                 :
                 if
                 the
                 marks
                 make
                 no
                 discovery
                 ,
                 
                 you
                 may
                 partly
                 perceive
                 it
                 by
                 the
                 spraints
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 follow
                 the
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 and
                 lodge
                 him
                 as
                 a
                 Hart
                 or
                 Deer
                 .
                 If
                 you
                 find
                 not
                 the
                 Otter
                 quickly
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 then
                 imagine
                 he
                 is
                 gone
                 to
                 couch
                 somewhere
                 farther
                 off
                 from
                 the
                 River
                 :
                 for
                 sometimes
                 he
                 will
                 seek
                 his
                 food
                 a
                 mile
                 from
                 the
                 place
                 of
                 his
                 rest
                 ,
                 chusing
                 rather
                 to
                 go
                 up
                 the
                 River
                 than
                 down
                 ,
                 because
                 upwards
                 he
                 meets
                 with
                 better
                 scent
                 of
                 Fish
                 ;
                 and
                 bearing
                 his
                 nose
                 into
                 the
                 wind
                 ,
                 he
                 shall
                 the
                 sooner
                 finde
                 any
                 fault
                 that
                 is
                 above
                 him
                 .
              
               
                 Remember
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Hunting
                 of
                 the
                 Otter
                 ,
                 that
                 you
                 and
                 your
                 friends
                 carry
                 your
                 Otter-spears
                 to
                 watch
                 his
                 Vents
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 is
                 the
                 chief
                 advantage
                 :
                 and
                 if
                 you
                 perceive
                 where
                 the
                 Otter
                 swims
                 under
                 water
                 ,
                 then
                 strive
                 to
                 get
                 to
                 a
                 stand
                 before
                 him
                 where
                 he
                 would
                 vent
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 endeavour
                 to
                 strike
                 him
                 with
                 your
                 spear
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 you
                 miss
                 ,
                 pursue
                 him
                 with
                 the
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 which
                 if
                 they
                 be
                 good
                 Otter-hounds
                 ,
                 and
                 perfectly
                 entred
                 ,
                 will
                 come
                 chaunting
                 and
                 trailing
                 along
                 by
                 the
                 River-side
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 beat
                 every
                 Tree-root
                 ,
                 every
                 Osier-bed
                 and
                 tuft
                 of
                 Bull-rushes
                 ;
                 nay
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 they
                 will
                 take
                 the
                 Water
                 ,
                 and
                 beat
                 it
                 like
                 a
                 Spaniel
                 .
                 And
                 by
                 these
                 means
                 the
                 Otter
                 can
                 hardly
                 escape
                 you
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Squirrel
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 first
                 Author
                 that
                 ever
                 wrote
                 of
                 this
                 little
                 Animal
                 was
                 Oppianus
                 who
                 liv'd
                 in
                 the
                 days
                 of
                 
                   Antonius
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 and
                 wrote
                 a
                 Book
                 also
                 of
                 Hunting
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Squirrel
                 is
                 greater
                 in
                 compass
                 than
                 a
                 Weasle
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 latter
                 is
                 longer
                 than
                 the
                 other
                 ;
                 the
                 back-parts
                 and
                 all
                 the
                 body
                 is
                 reddish
                 except
                 the
                 belly
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 white
                 .
                 In
                 Helvetia
                 they
                 are
                 black
                 and
                 branded
                 ,
                 and
                 
                 they
                 are
                 hunted
                 at
                 the
                 fall
                 of
                 the
                 Leaf
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Trees
                 grow
                 naked
                 :
                 for
                 they
                 run
                 and
                 leap
                 from
                 bough
                 to
                 bough
                 in
                 a
                 most
                 admirable
                 and
                 agile
                 manner
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 the
                 Leaves
                 are
                 on
                 ,
                 they
                 cannot
                 be
                 so
                 well
                 discerned
                 .
                 They
                 are
                 of
                 three
                 colours
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 first
                 age
                 black
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 second
                 of
                 a
                 rusty
                 Iron-colour
                 ,
                 and
                 lastly
                 ,
                 when
                 old
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 full
                 of
                 white
                 hoar
                 Hairs
                 .
                 Their
                 Teeth
                 are
                 like
                 the
                 Teeth
                 of
                 Mice
                 ,
                 having
                 the
                 two
                 under-Teeth
                 very
                 long
                 and
                 sharp
                 .
                 Their
                 Tail
                 is
                 always
                 as
                 big
                 as
                 their
                 Body
                 ,
                 and
                 it
                 lieth
                 continually
                 on
                 their
                 back
                 when
                 they
                 sleep
                 or
                 sit
                 still
                 ,
                 and
                 it
                 seemeth
                 to
                 be
                 given
                 them
                 for
                 a
                 covering
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Summer-time
                 they
                 build
                 them
                 Nests
                 (
                 which
                 by
                 some
                 are
                 called
                 Drays
                 )
                 in
                 the
                 Tops
                 of
                 the
                 Trees
                 very
                 artificially
                 with
                 Sticks
                 and
                 Moss
                 ,
                 with
                 other
                 things
                 the
                 Woods
                 afford
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 they
                 fill
                 it
                 with
                 Nuts
                 for
                 Winter-provision
                 ,
                 and
                 do
                 sleep
                 like
                 the
                 Alpine
                 Mouse
                 most
                 part
                 thereof
                 very
                 soundly
                 ,
                 in
                 such
                 sort
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 beating
                 of
                 the
                 outside
                 of
                 their
                 Drays
                 will
                 not
                 wake
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 they
                 leap
                 from
                 Tree
                 to
                 Tree
                 ,
                 they
                 use
                 their
                 Tail
                 instead
                 of
                 VVings
                 ,
                 leaping
                 a
                 great
                 distance
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 supported
                 without
                 sinking
                 to
                 any
                 one's
                 appearance
                 ;
                 nay
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 frequently
                 leap
                 from
                 a
                 very
                 high
                 Tree
                 down
                 to
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 and
                 receive
                 no
                 harm
                 .
              
               
                 Many
                 must
                 go
                 together
                 to
                 hunt
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 must
                 carry
                 Dogs
                 with
                 them
                 :
                 and
                 the
                 fittest
                 place
                 for
                 the
                 exercise
                 of
                 this
                 sport
                 ,
                 is
                 in
                 little
                 and
                 small
                 slender
                 Woods
                 ,
                 such
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 shaken
                 by
                 the
                 hand
                 .
                 Bows
                 are
                 requisite
                 to
                 remove
                 them
                 when
                 they
                 rest
                 in
                 the
                 twists
                 of
                 Trees
                 ;
                 for
                 they
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 much
                 terrified
                 with
                 all
                 the
                 hallowing
                 ,
                 except
                 they
                 be
                 struck
                 now
                 and
                 then
                 by
                 one
                 means
                 or
                 other
                 .
                 VVell
                 do
                 they
                 know
                 what
                 harbour
                 a
                 high
                 Oak
                 is
                 unto
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 how
                 secure
                 they
                 can
                 lodge
                 therein
                 from
                 Men
                 and
                 Dogs
                 ;
                 wherefore
                 since
                 it
                 is
                 too
                 troublesome
                 to
                 climb
                 every
                 Tree
                 ,
                 
                 that
                 labour
                 must
                 be
                 supplied
                 with
                 Bows
                 and
                 Bolts
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 the
                 Squirrel
                 resteth
                 ,
                 presently
                 he
                 may
                 be
                 thumpt
                 by
                 the
                 blow
                 of
                 an
                 Arrow
                 :
                 the
                 Archer
                 need
                 not
                 fear
                 to
                 do
                 her
                 much
                 harm
                 ,
                 except
                 he
                 hit
                 her
                 on
                 the
                 head
                 ,
                 for
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 a
                 strong
                 back-bone
                 ,
                 and
                 fleshy
                 parts
                 ,
                 she
                 will
                 abide
                 as
                 great
                 a
                 stroak
                 as
                 a
                 Dog.
                 
              
               
                 If
                 they
                 be
                 driven
                 to
                 the
                 ground
                 from
                 the
                 trees
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 creep
                 into
                 Hedges
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 sign
                 of
                 their
                 weariness
                 :
                 for
                 such
                 is
                 the
                 lofty
                 mind
                 of
                 this
                 little
                 beast
                 ,
                 that
                 while
                 her
                 strength
                 lasteth
                 she
                 saveth
                 her self
                 in
                 the
                 tops
                 of
                 high
                 trees
                 ;
                 but
                 being
                 wearied
                 ,
                 she
                 descendeth
                 ,
                 and
                 falls
                 into
                 the
                 mouths
                 of
                 the
                 yelping
                 curs
                 that
                 attend
                 her
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 admirable
                 wit
                 of
                 the
                 Squirrel
                 appeareth
                 (
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 true
                 )
                 in
                 her
                 swimming
                 ,
                 or
                 passing
                 over
                 a
                 River
                 ;
                 for
                 when
                 hunger
                 constraineth
                 her
                 so
                 to
                 do
                 ,
                 she
                 seeks
                 out
                 some
                 rind
                 ,
                 or
                 small
                 bark
                 of
                 a
                 tree
                 ,
                 which
                 she
                 setteth
                 upon
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 goeth
                 into
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 holding
                 up
                 her
                 Tail
                 like
                 a
                 Sail
                 ,
                 letteth
                 the
                 wind
                 drive
                 her
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 ;
                 and
                 carry
                 meat
                 in
                 their
                 mouths
                 ,
                 to
                 prevent
                 famine
                 whatsoever
                 should
                 befal
                 them
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Martern
                 and
                 Wild
                 -
                 Cat.
                 
              
               
                 A
                 Martern
                 is
                 about
                 the
                 bigness
                 of
                 a
                 Cat
                 ,
                 having
                 a
                 longer
                 body
                 ,
                 but
                 shorter
                 legs
                 ,
                 with
                 head
                 and
                 tail
                 like
                 a
                 Fox
                 ;
                 its
                 skin
                 is
                 commonly
                 brown
                 ,
                 white
                 on
                 the
                 throat
                 ,
                 and
                 somewhat
                 yellowish
                 on
                 the
                 back
                 .
              
               
                 Their
                 teeth
                 are
                 exceeding
                 white
                 ,
                 and
                 unequal
                 ,
                 being
                 above
                 measure
                 sharp
                 ;
                 the
                 canine
                 teeth
                 both
                 above
                 and
                 below
                 hang
                 out
                 very
                 long
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 and
                 the
                 wild
                 -
                 Cat
                 are
                 a
                 sort
                 of
                 Virmine
                 which
                 we
                 use
                 here
                 in
                 England
                 commonly
                 to
                 Hunt
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 
                 necessary
                 to
                 be
                 hunted
                 as
                 any
                 Virmin
                 can
                 be
                 :
                 For
                 the
                 question
                 may
                 be
                 doubtful
                 ,
                 whether
                 either
                 Fox
                 or
                 Badger
                 do
                 more
                 hurt
                 than
                 the
                 wild
                 -
                 Cat
                 doth
                 ,
                 since
                 there
                 are
                 so
                 many
                 Warrens
                 every
                 where
                 throughout
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 of
                 England
                 which
                 are
                 very
                 much
                 infested
                 by
                 the
                 wild
                 -
                 Cat.
                 
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 the
                 opinion
                 of
                 long-experienced
                 Huntsmen
                 ,
                 that
                 she
                 leaveth
                 as
                 great
                 scent
                 ,
                 and
                 maketh
                 as
                 good
                 a
                 cry
                 for
                 the
                 time
                 as
                 any
                 Vermin
                 that
                 is
                 Hunted
                 ,
                 especially
                 the
                 Martern
                 passeth
                 all
                 other
                 Vermin
                 for
                 sweetness
                 of
                 scent
                 ,
                 and
                 her
                 Case
                 is
                 a
                 noble
                 Fur.
                 The
                 wild
                 -
                 Cat
                 's
                 Case
                 is
                 not
                 so
                 good
                 ,
                 but
                 it
                 is
                 very
                 warm
                 ,
                 and
                 medicinable
                 for
                 several
                 Aches
                 and
                 Pains
                 in
                 the
                 bones
                 and
                 joynts
                 :
                 also
                 her
                 Grease
                 is
                 very
                 good
                 for
                 Sinews
                 that
                 are
                 shrunk
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 two
                 Chases
                 are
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 sought
                 purposely
                 ,
                 unless
                 the
                 Huntsman
                 do
                 see
                 them
                 where
                 they
                 prey
                 ,
                 and
                 can
                 go
                 readily
                 to
                 them
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 a
                 Hound
                 chance
                 to
                 cross
                 them
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 hunt
                 it
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 any
                 Chase
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 make
                 a
                 noble
                 cry
                 as
                 long
                 as
                 they
                 stand
                 up
                 ;
                 when
                 they
                 can
                 do
                 it
                 no
                 longer
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 take
                 a
                 tree
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 deceive
                 the
                 Hounds
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 the
                 Hounds
                 hold
                 in
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 not
                 give
                 it
                 over
                 so
                 ,
                 then
                 they
                 will
                 leap
                 from
                 one
                 tree
                 to
                 another
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 great
                 shift
                 for
                 their
                 lives
                 ,
                 with
                 much
                 pastime
                 to
                 the
                 Huntsmen
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 they
                 are
                 killed
                 you
                 must
                 hold
                 them
                 up
                 upon
                 a
                 piked
                 staff
                 ,
                 and
                 hallow
                 in
                 all
                 your
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 reward
                 them
                 with
                 some
                 meat
                 ;
                 for
                 the
                 flesh
                 of
                 these
                 Vermin
                 is
                 naught
                 for
                 Hounds
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 A
                 short
                 Account
                 of
                 some
                 particular
                 Beasts
                 that
                 are
                 not
                 Hunted
                 in
                 England
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 Forrain
                 Countries
                 .
              
               
                 
                   The
                   Nature
                   and
                   Properties
                   of
                   a
                   Wolf
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   manner
                   of
                   its
                   Hunting
                   .
                
                 
                   HEretofore
                   I
                   read
                   that
                   there
                   were
                   many
                   Wolves
                   in
                   England
                   ,
                   but
                   now
                   there
                   are
                   none
                   ;
                   however
                   they
                   are
                   still
                   in
                   Ireland
                   ,
                   but
                   their
                   number
                   is
                   very
                   much
                   decreased
                   within
                   these
                   thirty
                   years
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   they
                   may
                   more
                   and
                   more
                   decrease
                   ,
                   being
                   so
                   pernicious
                   to
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   Cattle
                   ,
                   I
                   thought
                   good
                   to
                   publish
                   the
                   nature
                   and
                   manner
                   of
                   their
                   Hunting
                   .
                
                 
                   First
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   their
                   Nature
                   ;
                   they
                   go
                   a
                   Clicketing
                   in
                   February
                   ,
                   and
                   continue
                   in
                   that
                   manner
                   ten
                   or
                   twelve
                   days
                   .
                   Where
                   many
                   Wolves
                   are
                   ,
                   many
                   will
                   follow
                   one
                   Bitch
                   ,
                   as
                   Dogs
                   will
                   follow
                   a
                   Bitch
                   that
                   is
                   salt
                   ,
                   but
                   she
                   will
                   be
                   onely
                   lined
                   with
                   one
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   notable
                   story
                   I
                   have
                   heard
                   when
                   I
                   was
                   in
                   Ireland
                   ,
                   and
                   attested
                   for
                   a
                   truth
                   by
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   :
                   That
                   a
                   Bitch
                   -
                   Wolf
                   proud
                   ,
                   will
                   suffer
                   a
                   great
                   many
                   of
                   the
                   Male
                   to
                   follow
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   carry
                   them
                   after
                   her
                   sometimes
                   eight
                   or
                   ten
                   days
                   without
                   Meat
                   ,
                   Drink
                   ,
                   or
                   Rest
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   so
                   tired
                   that
                   they
                   cannot
                   travel
                   farther
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   first
                   lie
                   down
                   ,
                   then
                   will
                   the
                   rest
                   follow
                   her
                   example
                   :
                   when
                   she
                   perceives
                   that
                   they
                   are
                   all
                   asleep
                   ,
                   and
                   through
                   weariness
                   snore
                   ,
                   then
                   will
                   she
                   arise
                   and
                   awake
                   that
                   Wolf
                   which
                   she
                   observed
                   to
                   follow
                   her
                   most
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   so
                   done
                   ,
                   entice
                   him
                   with
                   her
                   far
                   from
                   the
                   rest
                   ,
                   and
                   suffer
                   him
                   to
                   line
                   her
                   :
                   the
                   rest
                   awaking
                   and
                   finding
                   her
                   missing
                   ,
                   pursue
                   her
                   by
                   the
                   scent
                   ,
                   and
                   finding
                   
                   how
                   she
                   hath
                   cunningly
                   deluded
                   them
                   ,
                   they
                   fall
                   instantly
                   on
                   her
                   Companion
                   who
                   hath
                   been
                   before-hand
                   with
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   revenge
                   themselves
                   on
                   him
                   by
                   depriving
                   him
                   of
                   his
                   life
                   ;
                   which
                   verifies
                   the
                   proverb
                   :
                   Never
                   Wolf
                   
                     yet
                     ever
                     saw
                     his
                     Sire
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   Their
                   Whelps
                   are
                   able
                   to
                   ingender
                   at
                   twelve
                   months
                   end
                   ,
                   at
                   which
                   age
                   they
                   part
                   with
                   their
                   Dam
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   when
                   those
                   Teeth
                   are
                   grown
                   which
                   they
                   cast
                   the
                   first
                   half
                   year
                   ,
                   and
                   being
                   grown
                   ,
                   they
                   never
                   shed
                   them
                   again
                   :
                   and
                   here
                   see
                   their
                   gratitude
                   ,
                   (
                   though
                   bloody
                   cruel
                   creatures
                   )
                   after
                   they
                   have
                   preyed
                   for
                   themselves
                   ,
                   if
                   they
                   chance
                   to
                   meet
                   their
                   Dam
                   or
                   Sire
                   (
                   for
                   Turbervile
                   doth
                   not
                   believe
                   the
                   aforesaid
                   story
                   )
                   they
                   will
                   fawn
                   upon
                   them
                   and
                   lick
                   them
                   ,
                   rejoycing
                   at
                   the
                   sight
                   of
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Dog
                   will
                   never
                   bring
                   any
                   of
                   his
                   Prey
                   to
                   his
                   whelps
                   till
                   he
                   hath
                   filled
                   his
                   own
                   belly
                   ;
                   whereas
                   the
                   Bitch
                   will
                   not
                   eat
                   a
                   bit
                   till
                   she
                   hath
                   served
                   them
                   first
                   :
                   they
                   go
                   nine
                   weeks
                   with
                   whelp
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   a
                   little
                   longer
                   ,
                   and
                   grow
                   salt
                   but
                   once
                   a
                   year
                   .
                   As
                   to
                   number
                   of
                   whelps
                   ,
                   they
                   have
                   more
                   or
                   less
                   as
                   Dogs
                   have
                   ;
                   for
                   doubtless
                   both
                   the
                   Wolf
                   and
                   the
                   Fox
                   are
                   but
                   a
                   kind
                   of
                   wild
                   Mastiffs
                   and
                   wild
                   Curs
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   prey
                   upon
                   all
                   kind
                   of
                   things
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   feed
                   on
                   Carrion
                   ,
                   Vermin
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   They
                   will
                   kill
                   a
                   Cow
                   or
                   a
                   Bullock
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   for
                   a
                   Sheep
                   ,
                   Goat
                   ,
                   or
                   good
                   Porket
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   roundly
                   carry
                   him
                   off
                   in
                   their
                   Mouths
                   ,
                   not
                   touching
                   ground
                   with
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   run
                   so
                   fast
                   away
                   ,
                   notwithstanding
                   the
                   load
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   are
                   hardly
                   to
                   be
                   stopped
                   but
                   by
                   Mastiffs
                   or
                   Horse-men
                   .
                   There
                   is
                   no
                   Beast
                   which
                   runneth
                   faster
                   than
                   the
                   Wolf
                   ,
                   and
                   holdeth
                   wonderfully
                   also
                   .
                   When
                   he
                   is
                   hunted
                   with
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   he
                   flieth
                   not
                   far
                   before
                   them
                   ;
                   and
                   unless
                   he
                   be
                   coursed
                   with
                   Grey-hounds
                   or
                   Mastiffs
                   ,
                   he
                   keepeth
                   the
                   Covert
                   like
                   the
                   Bear
                   ,
                   or
                   Boar
                   ,
                   and
                   especially
                   the
                   bearen
                   ways
                   therein
                   .
                   Night
                   is
                   the
                   usual
                   time
                   of
                   his
                   preying
                   ,
                   
                   though
                   hunger
                   will
                   force
                   him
                   to
                   prey
                   by
                   day
                   .
                   They
                   are
                   more
                   subtile
                   and
                   crafty
                   (
                   if
                   more
                   can
                   be
                   )
                   than
                   the
                   Fox
                   or
                   any
                   other
                   beast
                   :
                   When
                   they
                   are
                   hunted
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   take
                   all
                   their
                   advantages
                   ;
                   at
                   other
                   times
                   they
                   will
                   never
                   run
                   over-hastily
                   ,
                   but
                   keep
                   themselves
                   in
                   breath
                   and
                   force
                   always
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Wolf
                   will
                   stand
                   up
                   a
                   whole
                   day
                   before
                   a
                   good
                   Kennel
                   of
                   Hounds
                   ,
                   unless
                   that
                   Grey-hounds
                   or
                   
                   Wolf-dogs
                   course
                   him
                   .
                   If
                   he
                   stand
                   at
                   bay
                   ,
                   have
                   a
                   care
                   of
                   being
                   bitten
                   by
                   him
                   ;
                   for
                   being
                   then
                   mad
                   ,
                   the
                   wound
                   is
                   desperate
                   ,
                   and
                   hard
                   to
                   be
                   cured
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   a
                   Wolf
                   falls
                   into
                   a
                   flock
                   of
                   Sheep
                   ,
                   with
                   his
                   good
                   will
                   he
                   would
                   kill
                   them
                   all
                   before
                   he
                   feed
                   upon
                   any
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   all
                   means
                   should
                   be
                   used
                   to
                   destroy
                   them
                   ,
                   as
                   by
                   hunting
                   at
                   force
                   ,
                   or
                   with
                   Greyhounds
                   or
                   Mastiffs
                   ,
                   or
                   caught
                   in
                   Gins
                   and
                   Snares
                   ;
                   but
                   they
                   had
                   need
                   be
                   strong
                   .
                   For
                   encouragement
                   to
                   the
                   meaner
                   sort
                   in
                   Ireland
                   ,
                   whosoever
                   took
                   a
                   sucking-Whelp
                   ,
                   or
                   preying
                   Cub
                   ,
                   a
                   Dog
                   or
                   a
                   Bitch
                   Wolf
                   ,
                   and
                   brought
                   but
                   the
                   heads
                   of
                   either
                   to
                   the
                   next
                   Justice
                   of
                   Peace
                   ,
                   for
                   reward
                   for
                   the
                   first
                   ,
                   he
                   received
                   twenty
                   shillings
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   second
                   ,
                   forty
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   third
                   ,
                   five
                   pound
                   ;
                   and
                   for
                   the
                   last
                   ,
                   six
                   pounds
                   :
                   which
                   late
                   encouragement
                   hath
                   in
                   a
                   manner
                   cleared
                   that
                   Kindom
                   of
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   bark
                   and
                   howl
                   like
                   unto
                   Dogs
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   there
                   be
                   but
                   two
                   of
                   them
                   together
                   ,
                   they
                   make
                   such
                   a
                   terrible
                   hideous
                   noise
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   would
                   think
                   there
                   could
                   be
                   no
                   less
                   than
                   twenty
                   of
                   them
                   in
                   a
                   body
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   any
                   one
                   would
                   hunt
                   the
                   Wolf
                   ,
                   he
                   must
                   train
                   him
                   by
                   these
                   means
                   :
                   First
                   let
                   him
                   look
                   out
                   some
                   fair
                   place
                   ,
                   a
                   mile
                   or
                   more
                   from
                   the
                   great
                   woods
                   ,
                   where
                   there
                   is
                   some
                   close
                   standing
                   to
                   place
                   a
                   brace
                   of
                   good
                   Grey-hounds
                   in
                   ,
                   if
                   need
                   be
                   ,
                   the
                   which
                   should
                   be
                   closely
                   environed
                   ,
                   and
                   some
                   pond
                   of
                   water
                   by
                   it
                   :
                   there
                   he
                   must
                   kill
                   a
                   Horse
                   that
                   is
                   worth
                   little
                   ,
                   and
                   
                   take
                   the
                   four
                   legs
                   thereof
                   and
                   carry
                   them
                   into
                   the
                   Woods
                   and
                   Forests
                   adjoyning
                   ;
                   then
                   let
                   four
                   men
                   take
                   every
                   man
                   a
                   leg
                   of
                   the
                   beast
                   and
                   draw
                   it
                   at
                   his
                   Horse-tail
                   all
                   along
                   the
                   paths
                   and
                   ways
                   in
                   the
                   Woods
                   ,
                   until
                   they
                   come
                   back
                   again
                   to
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   the
                   Carcass
                   of
                   the
                   said
                   Beast
                   lieth
                   ;
                   there
                   let
                   them
                   lay
                   down
                   their
                   trains
                   .
                   Now
                   when
                   the
                   Wolves
                   go
                   out
                   in
                   the
                   night
                   to
                   prey
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   follow
                   the
                   scent
                   of
                   the
                   train
                   till
                   they
                   come
                   to
                   the
                   carcass
                   where
                   it
                   lieth
                   .
                   Then
                   let
                   those
                   who
                   love
                   the
                   sport
                   ,
                   with
                   their
                   Huntsmen
                   come
                   early
                   and
                   privately
                   near
                   the
                   place
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   they
                   are
                   discernable
                   as
                   they
                   are
                   seeding
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   first
                   place
                   let
                   them
                   consider
                   which
                   way
                   will
                   be
                   the
                   fairest
                   course
                   for
                   the
                   Greyhounds
                   ,
                   and
                   place
                   them
                   accordingly
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   near
                   as
                   they
                   can
                   let
                   them
                   forestal
                   with
                   their
                   Grey-hounds
                   the
                   same
                   way
                   that
                   the
                   Wolves
                   did
                   or
                   are
                   flying
                   either
                   then
                   or
                   the
                   night
                   before
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   the
                   Wolves
                   be
                   in
                   the
                   coverts
                   near
                   the
                   carrien
                   that
                   was
                   laid
                   for
                   them
                   to
                   feed
                   upon
                   ,
                   then
                   let
                   there
                   be
                   hewers
                   set
                   round
                   the
                   coverts
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   noise
                   on
                   every
                   side
                   ,
                   but
                   onely
                   that
                   where
                   the
                   Greyhounds
                   do
                   stand
                   ;
                   and
                   let
                   them
                   stand
                   thick
                   together
                   ,
                   making
                   what
                   noise
                   they
                   can
                   to
                   force
                   them
                   to
                   the
                   Greyhounds
                   :
                   Then
                   let
                   the
                   Huntseman
                   go
                   with
                   his
                   Leam-hound
                   ,
                   and
                   draw
                   from
                   the
                   carrion
                   to
                   the
                   thickets-sides
                   where
                   the
                   Wolves
                   have
                   gone
                   in
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   shall
                   cast
                   off
                   the
                   third
                   part
                   of
                   their
                   best
                   Hounds
                   ;
                   for
                   a
                   Wolf
                   will
                   sometimes
                   hold
                   a
                   covert
                   a
                   long
                   time
                   before
                   he
                   will
                   come
                   out
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Huntsmen
                   must
                   hold
                   near
                   in
                   to
                   the
                   Hounds
                   blowing
                   hard
                   ,
                   and
                   encouraging
                   them
                   with
                   their
                   voice
                   :
                   for
                   many
                   Hounds
                   will
                   strain
                   courtesie
                   at
                   this
                   chase
                   ,
                   although
                   they
                   are
                   strong
                   and
                   fit
                   for
                   all
                   other
                   chases
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   the
                   Wolf
                   cometh
                   to
                   the
                   Grey-hounds
                   ,
                   they
                   who
                   hold
                   them
                   will
                   do
                   well
                   to
                   suffer
                   the
                   Wolf
                   to
                   pass
                   by
                   the
                   first
                   rank
                   until
                   he
                   come
                   further
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   the
                   last
                   
                   Rank
                   let
                   slip
                   their
                   Grey-hounds
                   full
                   in
                   the
                   face
                   of
                   the
                   Wolf
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   the
                   same
                   instant
                   let
                   all
                   the
                   other
                   Ranks
                   let
                   slip
                   also
                   :
                   so
                   that
                   the
                   first
                   Rank
                   staying
                   him
                   but
                   ever
                   so
                   little
                   ,
                   he
                   may
                   be
                   assaulted
                   on
                   all
                   sides
                   at
                   once
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   they
                   shall
                   the
                   more
                   easily
                   take
                   him
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   best
                   entring
                   of
                   Hounds
                   at
                   young
                   Wolves
                   which
                   are
                   not
                   yet
                   past
                   half
                   a
                   year
                   or
                   a
                   year
                   old
                   ;
                   for
                   a
                   Hound
                   will
                   hunt
                   such
                   more
                   willing
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   less
                   fear
                   than
                   an
                   old
                   Wolf
                   ;
                   or
                   you
                   may
                   take
                   Wolves
                   alive
                   in
                   Engines
                   ,
                   and
                   breaking
                   their
                   Teeth
                   ,
                   enter
                   your
                   Hounds
                   at
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   man
                   may
                   know
                   a
                   Dog
                   -
                   Wolf
                   from
                   a
                   Bitch
                   by
                   the
                   tracks
                   of
                   his
                   Feet
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   Dog
                   hath
                   a
                   greater
                   Heel
                   ,
                   a
                   greater
                   Toe
                   ,
                   greater
                   Nails
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   rounder
                   Foot.
                   Besides
                   ,
                   the
                   Bitch
                   casteth
                   her
                   Fiaunts
                   commonly
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   an
                   High-way
                   ,
                   whereas
                   the
                   Dog
                   casteth
                   them
                   either
                   on
                   the
                   one
                   side
                   or
                   the
                   other
                   of
                   the
                   Path.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   Reward
                   of
                   the
                   Dogs
                   is
                   thus
                   :
                   when
                   they
                   have
                   bit
                   and
                   shaked
                   the
                   dead
                   Wolf
                   ,
                   let
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   then
                   open
                   his
                   Belly
                   straight
                   along
                   ,
                   and
                   taking
                   out
                   his
                   bowels
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   throw
                   in
                   Bread
                   ,
                   Cheese
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   Scraps
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   let
                   the
                   Dogs
                   feed
                   therein
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Wild-Goat-Hunting
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   Never
                   could
                   read
                   or
                   hear
                   that
                   there
                   was
                   ever
                   any
                   such
                   Chase
                   in
                   England
                   as
                   the
                   Hunting
                   of
                   the
                   wild
                   -
                   Goat
                   :
                   But
                   since
                   there
                   may
                   be
                   such
                   sport
                   in
                   Wales
                   ,
                   as
                   there
                   hath
                   been
                   elsewhere
                   ,
                   it
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   much
                   amiss
                   to
                   give
                   some
                   short
                   account
                   thereof
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Wild
                   -
                   Goat
                   is
                   as
                   big
                   as
                   a
                   Hart
                   ,
                   but
                   not
                   so
                   long
                   ,
                   or
                   so
                   long
                   Leg'd
                   ,
                   but
                   is
                   as
                   fleshy
                   .
                   They
                   have
                   Wreaths
                   
                   and
                   wrinkles
                   on
                   their
                   horns
                   ,
                   which
                   declare
                   what
                   their
                   age
                   is
                   :
                   for
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   quantity
                   of
                   the
                   wreaths
                   ,
                   such
                   is
                   the
                   number
                   of
                   their
                   years
                   ;
                   which
                   wreaths
                   he
                   meweth
                   ,
                   but
                   not
                   his
                   beam
                   ,
                   the
                   which
                   may
                   be
                   ,
                   if
                   he
                   be
                   an
                   old
                   Goat
                   ,
                   as
                   big
                   as
                   a
                   mans
                   leg
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   have
                   a
                   great
                   long
                   beard
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   of
                   a
                   brownish
                   gray
                   colour
                   very
                   shaggy
                   ,
                   having
                   a
                   long
                   black
                   list
                   down
                   the
                   ridge
                   of
                   the
                   back
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   track
                   is
                   bigger
                   than
                   the
                   slot
                   of
                   a
                   Hart.
                   
                
                 
                   They
                   fawn
                   as
                   a
                   Hinde
                   or
                   Doe
                   in
                   May
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   but
                   one
                   fawn
                   ,
                   which
                   they
                   suckle
                   and
                   bring
                   up
                   as
                   the
                   tame
                   Goat
                   doth
                   her
                   kid
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   feed
                   like
                   Deer
                   ,
                   onely
                   they
                   will
                   eat
                   besides
                   ivy
                   ,
                   moss
                   ,
                   and
                   such-like
                   .
                   In
                   spring
                   they
                   make
                   their
                   fumets
                   round
                   ,
                   and
                   afterwards
                   broad
                   and
                   flat
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Hart
                   when
                   he
                   comes
                   to
                   feed
                   well
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   go
                   to
                   rut
                   about
                   Alhallontide
                   ,
                   and
                   continue
                   therein
                   a
                   month
                   or
                   five
                   weeks
                   ;
                   that
                   season
                   being
                   over
                   ,
                   they
                   descend
                   from
                   the
                   mountains
                   and
                   rocks
                   ,
                   their
                   abode
                   for
                   the
                   summer-season
                   ,
                   and
                   herd
                   themselves
                   ,
                   not
                   onely
                   to
                   avoid
                   the
                   snow
                   ,
                   but
                   because
                   they
                   can
                   find
                   no
                   food
                   any
                   longer
                   ;
                   and
                   yet
                   they
                   come
                   not
                   very
                   low
                   ,
                   but
                   keep
                   at
                   the
                   foot
                   of
                   the
                   mountains
                   ,
                   feeding
                   there
                   till
                   Easter
                   :
                   then
                   they
                   return
                   again
                   ,
                   every
                   one
                   chusing
                   some
                   strong
                   hold
                   in
                   the
                   rocks
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Harts
                   in
                   the
                   thickets
                   .
                
                 
                   About
                   fawning-time
                   the
                   females
                   separate
                   from
                   the
                   males
                   ,
                   attending
                   till
                   rutting-time
                   :
                   in
                   this
                   interval
                   they
                   will
                   run
                   at
                   man
                   or
                   beast
                   ,
                   and
                   fight
                   as
                   Harts
                   doe
                   one
                   amongst
                   the
                   other
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   he
                   goeth
                   to
                   rut
                   ,
                   his
                   throat
                   and
                   neck
                   is
                   much
                   bigger
                   than
                   usual
                   :
                   he
                   is
                   very
                   strong
                   backt
                   ;
                   and
                   (
                   which
                   is
                   wonderful
                   )
                   though
                   he
                   should
                   fall
                   from
                   on
                   high
                   ten
                   poles
                   length
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   receive
                   no
                   harm
                   ;
                   and
                   will
                   walk
                   as
                   securely
                   on
                   the
                   sharp
                   tops
                   of
                   rocks
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   horse
                   in
                   the
                   high-way
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Alhallontide
                   is
                   the
                   chiefest
                   season
                   for
                   hunting
                   these
                   wild
                   Goats
                   ,
                   observing
                   very
                   well
                   before
                   you
                   hunt
                   ,
                   the
                   advantages
                   of
                   the
                   coasts
                   ,
                   the
                   rocks
                   and
                   places
                   where
                   the
                   Goats
                   do
                   lie
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   thus
                   done
                   ,
                   set
                   nets
                   and
                   toils
                   toward
                   the
                   rivers
                   and
                   bottoms
                   ;
                   for
                   you
                   cannot
                   expect
                   your
                   hounds
                   should
                   follow
                   a
                   Goat
                   down
                   every
                   place
                   of
                   the
                   mountains
                   .
                
                 
                   Also
                   it
                   will
                   be
                   needful
                   that
                   some
                   stand
                   on
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   the
                   rocks
                   ,
                   and
                   throw
                   down
                   stones
                   as
                   they
                   see
                   occasion
                   .
                   Where
                   the
                   Goat
                   goeth
                   down
                   to
                   the
                   small
                   brooks
                   or
                   waters
                   in
                   the
                   bottom
                   ,
                   there
                   place
                   your
                   relays
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   the
                   relays
                   never
                   tarry
                   till
                   the
                   hounds
                   come
                   in
                   which
                   were
                   cast
                   off
                   :
                   and
                   this
                   is
                   your
                   best
                   help
                   ;
                   for
                   a
                   man
                   can
                   neither
                   follow
                   on
                   foot
                   nor
                   horse-back
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Hunting
                   of
                   the
                   Wild
                   -
                   Boar.
                   
                
                 
                   THe
                   Boar
                   is
                   ever
                   pigg'd
                   with
                   as
                   many
                   teeth
                   at
                   first
                   as
                   he
                   shall
                   have
                   ever
                   after
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   onely
                   increase
                   in
                   bigness
                   ,
                   not
                   number
                   .
                   Amongst
                   the
                   rest
                   ,
                   they
                   have
                   four
                   which
                   are
                   called
                   tushes
                   ,
                   or
                   tusks
                   ,
                   whereof
                   the
                   two
                   biggest
                   do
                   not
                   hurt
                   when
                   he
                   strikes
                   ,
                   but
                   serve
                   onely
                   to
                   whet
                   the
                   other
                   two
                   lowest
                   ,
                   with
                   which
                   they
                   frequently
                   kill
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   feed
                   upon
                   all
                   kind
                   of
                   corn
                   and
                   fruits
                   which
                   they
                   can
                   come
                   at
                   ;
                   also
                   roots
                   .
                   In
                   April
                   and
                   May
                   they
                   feed
                   on
                   the
                   buds
                   of
                   plumb-trees
                   ,
                   and
                   ches-nut-trees
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   other
                   sweet
                   buds
                   they
                   can
                   find
                   ,
                   especially
                   on
                   the
                   buds
                   of
                   broom
                   and
                   juniper
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   never
                   measled
                   ,
                   as
                   our
                   tame
                   swine
                   .
                   Being
                   near
                   the
                   sea-coast
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   feed
                   on
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   shell
                   fish
                   .
                
                 
                   Their
                   season
                   beginneth
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   September
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   endeth
                   about
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   December
                   ,
                   at
                   which
                   time
                   they
                   go
                   a
                   brimming
                   .
                   A
                   Boar
                   will
                   commonly
                   abide
                   the
                   bay
                   before
                   he
                   goes
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   den
                   ;
                   and
                   he
                   lies
                   most
                   commonly
                   in
                   the
                   strongest
                   holds
                   of
                   thorns
                   and
                   thick
                   bushes
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   it
                   so
                   chance
                   that
                   there
                   is
                   a
                   sounder
                   of
                   them
                   together
                   ,
                   then
                   if
                   any
                   break
                   sounder
                   ,
                   the
                   rest
                   will
                   run
                   that
                   way
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   you
                   hunt
                   a
                   Boar
                   from
                   a
                   thick
                   and
                   strong
                   covert
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   not
                   fail
                   to
                   go
                   back
                   by
                   the
                   same
                   way
                   he
                   came
                   thither
                   :
                   and
                   when
                   he
                   is
                   rear'd
                   he
                   never
                   stays
                   ,
                   but
                   flies
                   continually
                   till
                   he
                   comes
                   to
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   he
                   was
                   farrow'd
                   and
                   brought
                   up
                   .
                   This
                   Mr.
                   Turbervile
                   observed
                   himself
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   in
                   France
                   ;
                   attesting
                   he
                   saw
                   a
                   Boar
                   hunted
                   from
                   a
                   thicket
                   ,
                   which
                   returned
                   the
                   same
                   way
                   he
                   came
                   to
                   the
                   place
                   of
                   his
                   farrowing
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   distant
                   seven
                   French
                   leagues
                   .
                   And
                   this
                   was
                   performed
                   by
                   the
                   track
                   of
                   his
                   feet
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   he
                   be
                   hunted
                   in
                   a
                   forest
                   or
                   hold
                   where
                   he
                   was
                   bred
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   hardly
                   be
                   forced
                   out
                   of
                   it
                   .
                   Sometimes
                   he
                   will
                   take
                   head
                   ,
                   and
                   seem
                   to
                   go
                   out
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   draw
                   to
                   the
                   outsides
                   of
                   the
                   wood
                   ;
                   but
                   it
                   is
                   onely
                   to
                   hearken
                   on
                   every
                   side
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   he
                   hear
                   the
                   noise
                   of
                   the
                   hounds
                   ,
                   then
                   will
                   he
                   return
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   compell'd
                   to
                   go
                   that
                   way
                   till
                   night
                   .
                   But
                   having
                   broken
                   out
                   of
                   a
                   forest
                   and
                   taken
                   head
                   end-ways
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   put
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   way
                   either
                   by
                   man
                   ,
                   dog
                   ,
                   voice
                   ,
                   blowing
                   ,
                   or
                   any
                   thing
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Boar
                   ,
                   especially
                   a
                   great
                   one
                   ,
                   will
                   not
                   cry
                   when
                   you
                   kill
                   him
                   :
                   The
                   sows
                   and
                   young
                   swine
                   will
                   sometimes
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Terms
                     to
                     be
                     used
                     in
                     Boar-Hunting
                     .
                  
                   
                     If
                     it
                     should
                     be
                     demanded
                     what
                     you
                     will
                     call
                     a
                     Boar
                     of
                     three
                     years
                     old
                     ;
                     you
                     may
                     answer
                     ,
                     He
                     is
                     a
                     
                       young
                       Boar
                       which
                       hath
                       lately
                       left
                       the
                       sounder
                       .
                    
                     An
                     old
                     Boar
                     
                     you
                     must
                     call
                     a
                     Singular
                     ,
                     or
                     
                       Sanglier
                       ,
                       that
                       hath
                       left
                       the
                       sounder
                       four
                       or
                       five
                       years
                       since
                       .
                    
                     In
                     making
                     of
                     a
                     report
                     ,
                     if
                     you
                     are
                     asked
                     where
                     the
                     Boar
                     fed
                     the
                     night
                     before
                     ,
                     you
                     may
                     say
                     ,
                     he
                     fed
                     in
                     the
                     corn
                     ;
                     but
                     if
                     in
                     the
                     fields
                     or
                     meadows
                     ,
                     you
                     must
                     then
                     say
                     ,
                     he
                     hath
                     been
                     routing
                     and
                     worming
                     in
                     such
                     a
                     place
                     ,
                     or
                     such
                     a
                     fern-field
                     .
                     Where
                     note
                     ,
                     that
                     whatsoever
                     he
                     feeds
                     on
                     ,
                     excepting
                     roots
                     ,
                     is
                     called
                     feeding
                     ;
                     the
                     other
                     is
                     called
                     
                       routing
                       ,
                       worming
                    
                     ,
                     or
                     fearning
                     :
                     but
                     when
                     he
                     feedeth
                     and
                     routeth
                     not
                     ,
                     you
                     must
                     then
                     call
                     that
                     grasing
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Boar-Hunting
                     with
                     Hounds
                     at
                     Force
                     .
                  
                   
                     Be
                     advised
                     not
                     to
                     hunt
                     a
                     young
                     Boar
                     of
                     three
                     years
                     old
                     at
                     force
                     ;
                     for
                     he
                     will
                     stand
                     up
                     as
                     long
                     ,
                     if
                     not
                     longer
                     than
                     any
                     light
                     young
                     Deer
                     which
                     beareth
                     but
                     three
                     in
                     the
                     top
                     :
                     but
                     in
                     the
                     fourth
                     year
                     you
                     may
                     hunt
                     him
                     at
                     force
                     ,
                     as
                     you
                     do
                     a
                     Hart
                     at
                     ten
                     .
                  
                   
                     In
                     the
                     rearing
                     of
                     your
                     Boar
                     ,
                     you
                     need
                     not
                     be
                     afraid
                     to
                     come
                     near
                     him
                     ,
                     for
                     he
                     values
                     you
                     not
                     ,
                     and
                     will
                     lie
                     still
                     ,
                     and
                     will
                     not
                     be
                     rear'd
                     by
                     you
                     alone
                     .
                  
                   
                     Here
                     note
                     ,
                     that
                     if
                     a
                     Boar
                     intends
                     to
                     abide
                     in
                     his
                     den
                     ,
                     couch
                     ,
                     or
                     fort
                     ,
                     then
                     will
                     he
                     make
                     some
                     crossing
                     or
                     doubling
                     at
                     the
                     entry
                     thereof
                     upon
                     some
                     high-way
                     or
                     beaten
                     path
                     ;
                     by
                     such
                     means
                     a
                     huntsman
                     ,
                     being
                     early
                     in
                     the
                     woods
                     ,
                     may
                     judge
                     of
                     the
                     subtilty
                     of
                     the
                     Boar
                     ,
                     and
                     accordingly
                     may
                     make
                     preparations
                     for
                     his
                     game
                     .
                  
                   
                     If
                     he
                     be
                     a
                     great
                     Boar
                     ,
                     and
                     one
                     that
                     hath
                     lain
                     long
                     to
                     rest
                     ,
                     let
                     him
                     hunt
                     him
                     with
                     good
                     store
                     of
                     hounds
                     ,
                     and
                     such
                     as
                     will
                     stick
                     close
                     to
                     him
                     ;
                     and
                     let
                     him
                     on
                     horse-back
                     be
                     ever
                     amongst
                     them
                     ,
                     charging
                     the
                     Boar
                     ,
                     to
                     discourage
                     him
                     :
                     for
                     if
                     you
                     hunt
                     such
                     a
                     Boar
                     with
                     half
                     a
                     dozen
                     couple
                     of
                     dogs
                     ,
                     he
                     will
                     not
                     value
                     them
                     ;
                     and
                     they
                     having
                     chased
                     him
                     ,
                     he
                     will
                     take
                     courage
                     and
                     keep
                     them
                     still
                     at
                     bays
                     ,
                     running
                     upon
                     any
                     thing
                     he
                     
                     seeth
                     before
                     him
                     .
                     But
                     if
                     he
                     be
                     charged
                     home
                     ,
                     and
                     hard
                     laid
                     unto
                     with
                     the
                     hounds
                     ,
                     he
                     will
                     turn
                     head
                     and
                     fly
                     .
                  
                   
                     If
                     you
                     strike
                     at
                     him
                     with
                     your
                     sword
                     or
                     Boar-spear
                     ,
                     strike
                     not
                     low
                     ,
                     for
                     then
                     you
                     will
                     hit
                     him
                     on
                     the
                     snout
                     ,
                     which
                     he
                     little
                     values
                     ;
                     for
                     he
                     watcheth
                     to
                     take
                     blows
                     upon
                     his
                     tusks
                     or
                     thereabouts
                     :
                     but
                     lifting
                     up
                     your
                     hand
                     ,
                     strike
                     right
                     down
                     ,
                     and
                     have
                     a
                     special
                     care
                     of
                     your
                     horse
                     ;
                     for
                     if
                     you
                     strike
                     and
                     hurt
                     him
                     ,
                     so
                     will
                     he
                     you
                     if
                     he
                     can
                     .
                  
                   
                     It
                     behoveth
                     the
                     hunters
                     of
                     Boars
                     to
                     be
                     very
                     wary
                     ;
                     for
                     he
                     will
                     run
                     fiercely
                     without
                     fear
                     upon
                     his
                     pursuers
                     :
                     in
                     which
                     encounter
                     ,
                     if
                     he
                     receive
                     not
                     his
                     deaths
                     wound
                     ,
                     he
                     overthroweth
                     his
                     adversary
                     ,
                     except
                     he
                     fall
                     flat
                     on
                     the
                     ground
                     ,
                     and
                     then
                     he
                     need
                     not
                     fear
                     much
                     harm
                     ;
                     for
                     his
                     teeth
                     cannot
                     cut
                     upward
                     but
                     downward
                     :
                     but
                     it
                     is
                     otherwise
                     with
                     a
                     female
                     ;
                     for
                     she
                     will
                     bite
                     and
                     tear
                     any
                     way
                     .
                  
                   
                     It
                     is
                     good
                     to
                     raise
                     this
                     beast
                     early
                     in
                     the
                     morning
                     before
                     he
                     hath
                     made
                     water
                     ,
                     for
                     the
                     burning
                     of
                     his
                     bladder
                     doth
                     quickly
                     make
                     him
                     weary
                     .
                  
                   
                     When
                     the
                     Boar
                     is
                     first
                     raised
                     out
                     of
                     the
                     wood
                     ,
                     he
                     snuffeth
                     in
                     the
                     wind
                     ,
                     lifting
                     up
                     his
                     nose
                     to
                     smell
                     what
                     is
                     with
                     him
                     ,
                     and
                     what
                     against
                     him
                     ;
                     and
                     rarely
                     strikes
                     a
                     man
                     till
                     he
                     be
                     first
                     wounded
                     himself
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     hunting-spear
                     must
                     be
                     very
                     sharp
                     and
                     broad
                     ,
                     branching
                     forth
                     into
                     certain
                     forks
                     ,
                     so
                     that
                     the
                     Boar
                     may
                     not
                     break
                     through
                     them
                     upon
                     the
                     huntsman
                     :
                     The
                     best
                     places
                     to
                     wound
                     him
                     in
                     therewith
                     ,
                     are
                     the
                     middle
                     of
                     his
                     forehead
                     betwixt
                     his
                     eye-lids
                     ,
                     or
                     else
                     upon
                     the
                     shoulder
                     ;
                     either
                     of
                     these
                     wounds
                     is
                     mortal
                     .
                  
                   
                     If
                     the
                     Boar
                     make
                     head
                     against
                     the
                     hunter
                     ,
                     he
                     must
                     not
                     fly
                     for
                     it
                     ,
                     but
                     must
                     meet
                     him
                     with
                     his
                     spear
                     ,
                     holding
                     one
                     hand
                     on
                     the
                     middle
                     of
                     it
                     ,
                     and
                     the
                     other
                     at
                     the
                     end
                     ,
                     standing
                     one
                     foot
                     before
                     another
                     ,
                     having
                     
                     an
                     especial
                     eye
                     to
                     the
                     head
                     of
                     the
                     beast
                     which
                     way
                     soever
                     he
                     windeth
                     or
                     turneth
                     the
                     same
                     :
                     for
                     such
                     is
                     the
                     nature
                     of
                     the
                     Boar
                     ,
                     that-sometimes
                     he
                     snatcheth
                     the
                     spear
                     out
                     of
                     their
                     hands
                     ,
                     or
                     else
                     recoileth
                     the
                     force
                     back
                     again
                     upon
                     the
                     hunter
                     ,
                     by
                     both
                     which
                     means
                     he
                     is
                     in
                     great
                     danger
                     of
                     life
                     :
                     whensoever
                     this
                     hapneth
                     there
                     is
                     but
                     one
                     remedy
                     ,
                     which
                     is
                     ;
                     another
                     of
                     his
                     companions
                     must
                     come
                     and
                     charge
                     the
                     Boar
                     with
                     his
                     spear
                     ,
                     and
                     then
                     pretend
                     to
                     wound
                     him
                     with
                     his
                     dart
                     ,
                     but
                     not
                     casting
                     it
                     for
                     fear
                     of
                     hurting
                     the
                     hunter
                     .
                     The
                     Boar
                     seeing
                     this
                     ,
                     forsaketh
                     the
                     first
                     man
                     ,
                     and
                     rusheth
                     upon
                     the
                     second
                     ,
                     who
                     must
                     look
                     to
                     defend
                     himself
                     with
                     all
                     dexterity
                     ,
                     composing
                     his
                     body
                     ,
                     and
                     ordering
                     his
                     weapons
                     according
                     to
                     artificial
                     Boar-hunting
                     :
                     in
                     the
                     mean
                     time
                     he
                     that
                     was
                     overthrown
                     must
                     rise
                     again
                     ,
                     taking
                     fresh
                     hold
                     on
                     his
                     spear
                     ,
                     and
                     with
                     all
                     courage
                     assault
                     his
                     adversary
                     ,
                     and
                     assist
                     his
                     friend
                     who
                     was
                     the
                     cause
                     of
                     the
                     saving
                     of
                     his
                     life
                     .
                  
                   
                     When
                     he
                     feeleth
                     himself
                     so
                     wounded
                     that
                     he
                     cannot
                     live
                     ,
                     were
                     it
                     not
                     for
                     the
                     forks
                     of
                     the
                     Boar-spear
                     ,
                     he
                     would
                     press
                     it
                     on
                     his
                     vanquisher
                     ,
                     and
                     so
                     revenge
                     his
                     death
                     :
                     For
                     such
                     is
                     the
                     fury
                     of
                     this
                     beast
                     ,
                     that
                     he
                     will
                     endeavour
                     to
                     wound
                     and
                     kill
                     ,
                     although
                     he
                     feel
                     upon
                     him
                     the
                     pangs
                     of
                     death
                     ;
                     and
                     what
                     place
                     soever
                     he
                     biteth
                     ,
                     whether
                     man
                     or
                     dog
                     ,
                     the
                     heat
                     of
                     his
                     teeth
                     causeth
                     the
                     wound
                     to
                     be
                     inflam'd
                     :
                     and
                     for
                     this
                     cause
                     ,
                     if
                     he
                     but
                     touch
                     the
                     hair
                     of
                     a
                     dog
                     ,
                     he
                     burneth
                     it
                     off
                     :
                     nay
                     ,
                     huntsmen
                     have
                     tried
                     the
                     heat
                     of
                     his
                     teeth
                     ,
                     by
                     laying
                     hairs
                     on
                     them
                     as
                     soon
                     as
                     he
                     was
                     dead
                     ,
                     and
                     they
                     have
                     shrivel'd
                     up
                     as
                     with
                     a
                     hot-iron
                     .
                  
                   
                     To
                     conclude
                     ;
                     the
                     same
                     devises
                     ,
                     diligence
                     ,
                     labour
                     ,
                     prosecution
                     ,
                     and
                     observations
                     are
                     to
                     be
                     used
                     in
                     the
                     hunting
                     of
                     the
                     Boar
                     ,
                     which
                     are
                     prescribed
                     for
                     the
                     hunting
                     of
                     the
                     Hart.
                     Not
                     but
                     that
                     there
                     are
                     several
                     policies
                     and
                     stratagems
                     which
                     have
                     been
                     invented
                     ,
                     and
                     are
                     still
                     used
                     in
                     several
                     countries
                     ,
                     whereby
                     to
                     take
                     
                     them
                     without
                     the
                     pursuit
                     of
                     dogs
                     ;
                     to
                     the
                     knowledge
                     whereof
                     I
                     shall
                     refer
                     the
                     reader
                     to
                     
                       Blondus
                       ,
                       Oppianus
                       ,
                       Gesner
                       ,
                       Turbervile
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     many
                     others
                     both
                     antient
                     and
                     modern
                     writers
                     ,
                     who
                     have
                     largely
                     treated
                     on
                     this
                     subject
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Nature
                   and
                   Properties
                   of
                   a
                   Bear
                   ,
                   and
                   after
                   what
                   manner
                   Hunted
                   .
                
                 
                   THere
                   are
                   two
                   sorts
                   of
                   Bears
                   ,
                   a
                   greater
                   and
                   lesser
                   ;
                   the
                   last
                   is
                   more
                   apt
                   to
                   climb
                   trees
                   than
                   the
                   other
                   .
                
                 
                   Bears
                   are
                   bred
                   in
                   many
                   countries
                   ;
                   in
                   the
                   
                     Helvetian
                     Alpine
                  
                   region
                   they
                   are
                   so
                   strong
                   and
                   courageous
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   can
                   tear
                   in
                   pieces
                   both
                   oxen
                   and
                   horses
                   ;
                   for
                   which
                   cause
                   the
                   inhabitants
                   are
                   studiously
                   laborious
                   in
                   the
                   taking
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Bear
                   is
                   of
                   a
                   most
                   venereous
                   and
                   lustful
                   disposition
                   ;
                   for
                   night
                   and
                   day
                   the
                   females
                   with
                   most
                   ardent
                   inflam'd
                   desires
                   do
                   provoke
                   the
                   males
                   to
                   copulation
                   ;
                   and
                   for
                   this
                   cause
                   at
                   that
                   time
                   they
                   are
                   most
                   fierce
                   and
                   angry
                   .
                   The
                   time
                   of
                   their
                   copulation
                   is
                   in
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   winter
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   manner
                   of
                   it
                   is
                   like
                   to
                   a
                   man's
                   ;
                   the
                   male
                   moving
                   himself
                   upon
                   the
                   belly
                   of
                   the
                   female
                   ,
                   which
                   lieth
                   flat
                   on
                   her
                   back
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   embrace
                   each
                   other
                   with
                   their
                   fore-feet
                   :
                   they
                   remain
                   a
                   very
                   long
                   time
                   in
                   that
                   act
                   ;
                   in
                   so
                   much
                   (
                   as
                   some
                   have
                   observed
                   ,
                   how
                   true
                   I
                   cannot
                   say
                   )
                   that
                   if
                   they
                   were
                   very
                   fat
                   at
                   their
                   first
                   entrance
                   ,
                   they
                   dis-joyn
                   not
                   themselves
                   again
                   till
                   they
                   be
                   lean
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   is
                   a
                   strange
                   report
                   in
                   history
                   ,
                   (
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   true
                   )
                   That
                   in
                   the
                   mountains
                   of
                   Savoy
                   a
                   Bear
                   carried
                   a
                   young
                   maid
                   into
                   his
                   den
                   by
                   violence
                   ,
                   where
                   in
                   a
                   venereal
                   
                   manner
                   he
                   had
                   the
                   carnal
                   use
                   of
                   her
                   body
                   ;
                   and
                   while
                   he
                   kept
                   her
                   in
                   his
                   den
                   ,
                   he
                   daily
                   went
                   forth
                   and
                   brought
                   her
                   the
                   best
                   fruits
                   he
                   could
                   get
                   ,
                   presenting
                   them
                   to
                   her
                   as
                   food
                   ,
                   as
                   courtly
                   as
                   he
                   could
                   do
                   it
                   ;
                   but
                   always
                   when
                   he
                   went
                   to
                   forrage
                   ,
                   he
                   rowled
                   a
                   very
                   great
                   stone
                   to
                   the
                   mouth
                   of
                   his
                   den
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   virgin
                   should
                   not
                   make
                   her
                   escape
                   from
                   him
                   :
                   at
                   length
                   her
                   parents
                   ,
                   with
                   long
                   search
                   ,
                   found
                   their
                   daughter
                   in
                   the
                   Bear
                   's
                   den
                   ,
                   who
                   delivered
                   her
                   from
                   that
                   beastial
                   captivity
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   naturally
                   very
                   cruel
                   and
                   mischievous
                   unto
                   all
                   tame
                   beasts
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   very
                   strong
                   in
                   all
                   parts
                   of
                   their
                   body
                   but
                   their
                   head
                   ,
                   whereon
                   a
                   small
                   blow
                   will
                   kill
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   go
                   to
                   mate
                   in
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   the
                   winter
                   ,
                   some
                   sooner
                   ,
                   some
                   later
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   their
                   rest
                   and
                   feeding
                   ;
                   and
                   their
                   heat
                   lasteth
                   not
                   passing
                   fifteen
                   days
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   the
                   she
                   -
                   Bear
                   perceiveth
                   her self
                   with
                   whelp
                   ,
                   she
                   withdraws
                   her self
                   into
                   some
                   cave
                   ,
                   or
                   hollow
                   rock
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   remains
                   till
                   she
                   brings
                   forth
                   her
                   whelps
                   ,
                   where
                   without
                   meat
                   they
                   grow
                   very
                   fat
                   ,
                   especially
                   the
                   males
                   ,
                   onely
                   by
                   sucking
                   their
                   fore-feet
                   .
                   When
                   they
                   enter
                   into
                   their
                   den
                   ,
                   they
                   convey
                   themselves
                   backward
                   ,
                   that
                   so
                   they
                   may
                   put
                   out
                   their
                   foot-steps
                   from
                   the
                   sight
                   of
                   the
                   hunters
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   nature
                   of
                   all
                   of
                   them
                   is
                   to
                   avoid
                   cold
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   in
                   the
                   winter-time
                   they
                   hide
                   themselves
                   ,
                   chusing
                   rather
                   to
                   suffer
                   famine
                   than
                   cold
                   ;
                   lying
                   for
                   the
                   most
                   part
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   months
                   together
                   and
                   never
                   see
                   the
                   light
                   ,
                   whereby
                   in
                   a
                   manner
                   their
                   guts
                   are
                   clung
                   together
                   :
                   coming
                   forth
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   so
                   dazled
                   by
                   long
                   darkness
                   ,
                   being
                   in
                   the
                   light
                   again
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   stagger
                   and
                   reel
                   to
                   and
                   fro
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   by
                   a
                   secret
                   instinct
                   they
                   remedy
                   the
                   straightness
                   of
                   their
                   guts
                   by
                   eating
                   an
                   herb
                   called
                   Arum
                   ,
                   in
                   English
                   Wake-robbin
                   or
                   Calves-foot
                   ,
                   
                   by
                   the
                   acidity
                   whereof
                   their
                   guts
                   are
                   enlarged
                   ;
                   and
                   being
                   recovered
                   ,
                   they
                   remain
                   more
                   fierce
                   and
                   cruel
                   than
                   at
                   other
                   times
                   ,
                   during
                   the
                   time
                   their
                   young
                   are
                   with
                   them
                   :
                   and
                   this
                   is
                   the
                   herb
                   ,
                   some
                   say
                   ,
                   which
                   they
                   eat
                   to
                   make
                   them
                   sleep
                   so
                   long
                   in
                   winter
                   without
                   sense
                   of
                   cold
                   or
                   hunger
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   whelped
                   most
                   commonly
                   in
                   March
                   ,
                   sometimes
                   two
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   above
                   five
                   in
                   number
                   ;
                   the
                   most
                   part
                   of
                   them
                   are
                   dead
                   one
                   whole
                   day
                   after
                   they
                   are
                   whelped
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   Bear
                   doth
                   so
                   lick
                   them
                   and
                   warm
                   them
                   with
                   her
                   breath
                   ,
                   and
                   hug
                   them
                   in
                   her
                   bosom
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   quickly
                   revives
                   them
                   again
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   commonly
                   received
                   as
                   a
                   truth
                   ,
                   (
                   though
                   it
                   be
                   a
                   palpable
                   vulgar
                   errour
                   )
                   
                     That
                     the
                     whelps
                     of
                  
                   Bears
                   
                     at
                     their
                     first
                     littering
                     are
                     without
                     all
                     form
                     and
                     fashion
                     ,
                     and
                     nothing
                     but
                     a
                     little
                     congealed
                     blood
                     like
                     a
                     lump
                     of
                     flesh
                     ,
                     which
                     afterwards
                     the
                     old
                     one
                     frameth
                     with
                     her
                     tongue
                     by
                     licking
                     them
                     to
                     her
                     own
                     likeness
                     .
                  
                   This
                   opinion
                   may
                   be
                   easily
                   disproved
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   are
                   onely
                   littered
                   blind
                   without
                   hair
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   hinder-legs
                   not
                   perfect
                   ,
                   the
                   fore-feet
                   folded
                   up
                   like
                   a
                   fist
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   members
                   deformed
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   the
                   immoderate
                   humour
                   or
                   moistness
                   in
                   them
                   ;
                   which
                   also
                   is
                   one
                   cause
                   why
                   she
                   cannot
                   retain
                   in
                   her
                   womb
                   the
                   seed
                   to
                   the
                   perfection
                   of
                   the
                   young
                   ones
                   ,
                   whereof
                   
                     Joachimus
                     Rheticus
                  
                   is
                   an
                   eye-witness
                   .
                
                 
                   As
                   soon
                   as
                   the
                   dam
                   perceiveth
                   her
                   cubs
                   to
                   grow
                   strong
                   ,
                   she
                   suckleth
                   them
                   no
                   longer
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   their
                   curstness
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   will
                   sorely
                   bite
                   her
                   if
                   they
                   cannot
                   get
                   suck
                   enough
                   .
                   After
                   this
                   she
                   preyeth
                   abroad
                   upon
                   any
                   thing
                   she
                   can
                   meet
                   with
                   ,
                   which
                   she
                   eates
                   ,
                   and
                   casts
                   up
                   again
                   to
                   her
                   young
                   ones
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   feeds
                   them
                   till
                   they
                   can
                   prey
                   for
                   themselves
                   :
                   They
                   will
                   climb
                   a
                   tree
                   for
                   the
                   fruit
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   they
                   be
                   hunted
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   follow
                   a
                   man
                   ,
                   but
                   not
                   run
                   upon
                   him
                   unless
                   they
                   are
                   wounded
                   .
                   They
                   are
                   
                   very
                   strong
                   in
                   their
                   paws
                   ,
                   in
                   such
                   sort
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   will
                   so
                   hug
                   a
                   man
                   or
                   dog
                   till
                   they
                   have
                   broke
                   his
                   back
                   ,
                   or
                   squeez'd
                   his
                   guts
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   belly
                   :
                   with
                   a
                   single
                   paw
                   they
                   will
                   pull
                   a
                   lusty
                   dog
                   to
                   their
                   tearing
                   and
                   devouring
                   mouth
                   .
                   They
                   bite
                   very
                   severely
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   will
                   bite
                   a
                   man's
                   head
                   to
                   the
                   very
                   brains
                   ;
                   and
                   for
                   an
                   arm
                   or
                   leg
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   crash
                   it
                   as
                   a
                   dog
                   may
                   do
                   a
                   slender
                   bone
                   of
                   mutton
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   they
                   are
                   hunted
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   so
                   heavy
                   that
                   they
                   make
                   no
                   speed
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   are
                   always
                   in
                   sight
                   of
                   the
                   dogs
                   .
                   They
                   stand
                   not
                   at
                   bay
                   as
                   a
                   Boar
                   ,
                   but
                   fly
                   wallowing
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   the
                   hounds
                   stick
                   in
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   fight
                   valiantly
                   in
                   their
                   own
                   defence
                   ;
                   sometimes
                   they
                   stand
                   up
                   straight
                   on
                   their
                   hinder-feet
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   take
                   that
                   as
                   a
                   sign
                   of
                   fear
                   and
                   cowardize
                   ;
                   they
                   fight
                   stoutest
                   and
                   strongest
                   on
                   all
                   four
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   have
                   an
                   excellent
                   scent
                   ,
                   and
                   smell
                   further
                   off
                   than
                   any
                   other
                   beast
                   except
                   the
                   Boar
                   ;
                   for
                   in
                   a
                   whole
                   forest
                   they
                   will
                   smell
                   out
                   a
                   tree
                   laden
                   with
                   mast
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   may
                   be
                   hunted
                   with
                   hounds
                   ,
                   mastiffs
                   ,
                   or
                   grey-hounds
                   ;
                   and
                   they
                   are
                   chased
                   and
                   kill'd
                   with
                   bows
                   ,
                   Boar-spears
                   ,
                   darts
                   ,
                   and
                   swords
                   ;
                   so
                   are
                   they
                   also
                   taken
                   in
                   snares
                   ,
                   caves
                   ,
                   and
                   pits
                   ,
                   with
                   other
                   engines
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   do
                   naturally
                   abide
                   in
                   great
                   mountains
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   it
                   snoweth
                   ,
                   or
                   in
                   hard
                   weather
                   ,
                   then
                   they
                   descend
                   into
                   valleys
                   and
                   forests
                   for
                   provision
                   .
                   They
                   cast
                   their
                   lesses
                   sometimes
                   in
                   round
                   croteys
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   flat
                   like
                   a
                   bullock
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   their
                   feeding
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   go
                   sometimes
                   a
                   gallop
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   other
                   times
                   an
                   amble
                   ;
                   but
                   they
                   go
                   most
                   at
                   case
                   when
                   they
                   wallow
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   they
                   come
                   from
                   their
                   feeding
                   they
                   beat
                   commonly
                   the
                   high-ways
                   and
                   beaten
                   paths
                   :
                   and
                   wheresoever
                   they
                   go
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   high-ways
                   ,
                   there
                   you
                   may
                   be
                   sure
                   they
                   are
                   gone
                   to
                   their
                   dens
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   use
                   no
                   doublings
                   nor
                   subtilties
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   They
                   tumble
                   and
                   wallow
                   in
                   water
                   and
                   mire
                   as
                   swine
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   feed
                   like
                   a
                   dog
                   .
                   Some
                   say
                   their
                   flesh
                   is
                   very
                   good
                   food
                   ,
                   let
                   who
                   will
                   eat
                   it
                   for
                   me
                   ,
                   who
                   are
                   not
                   so
                   nicely
                   palated
                   as
                   my self
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   best
                   finding
                   of
                   a
                   Bear
                   is
                   with
                   a
                   leam-hound
                   ;
                   and
                   yet
                   he
                   who
                   is
                   without
                   one
                   may
                   trail
                   after
                   a
                   Bear
                   as
                   we
                   do
                   after
                   a
                   Buck
                   or
                   Roe
                   ,
                   and
                   you
                   may
                   lodge
                   and
                   hunt
                   them
                   as
                   you
                   do
                   a
                   Buck.
                   For
                   the
                   more
                   speedy
                   execution
                   ,
                   mingle
                   mastiffs
                   among
                   your
                   hounds
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   will
                   pinch
                   the
                   Bear
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   provoke
                   her
                   to
                   anger
                   ,
                   until
                   at
                   last
                   they
                   bring
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   bay
                   ;
                   or
                   else
                   drive
                   her
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   plain
                   into
                   the
                   covert
                   ,
                   not
                   letting
                   her
                   be
                   at
                   rest
                   till
                   she
                   fight
                   in
                   her
                   own
                   defence
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Beaver
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Beaver
                   differeth
                   but
                   a
                   little
                   from
                   an
                   Otter
                   but
                   in
                   his
                   tail
                   :
                   his
                   colour
                   is
                   somewhat
                   yellow
                   and
                   white
                   aspersed
                   with
                   ash-colour
                   ,
                   which
                   stand
                   out
                   beyond
                   the
                   shorter
                   hairs
                   ,
                   double
                   their
                   length
                   ;
                   and
                   are
                   neat
                   and
                   soft
                   like
                   an
                   Otters
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   is
                   plenty
                   of
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   river
                   Pontus
                   ,
                   whence
                   the
                   Beaver
                   by
                   some
                   is
                   called
                   
                     Canis
                     Ponticus
                  
                   :
                   They
                   are
                   also
                   bred
                   in
                   Spain
                   ,
                   some
                   few
                   in
                   
                     France
                     ,
                     Germany
                     ,
                     Polonia
                     ,
                     Sclavonia
                     ,
                     Russia
                     ,
                     Prussia
                     ,
                     Lithuania
                  
                   ;
                   and
                   abundance
                   of
                   them
                   in
                   New-England
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   beasts
                   are
                   amphibious
                   ,
                   living
                   both
                   on
                   land
                   and
                   water
                   both
                   fresh
                   and
                   salt
                   ,
                   keeping
                   the
                   last
                   in
                   the
                   day-time
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   first
                   in
                   the
                   night
                   :
                   Without
                   water
                   they
                   cannot
                   live
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   participate
                   much
                   of
                   the
                   nature
                   of
                   fish
                   ,
                   which
                   may
                   be
                   gathered
                   from
                   their
                   tails
                   and
                   hinder-legs
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   about
                   the
                   bigness
                   of
                   a
                   country
                   cur
                   ;
                   
                   their
                   head
                   short
                   ;
                   their
                   ears
                   small
                   and
                   round
                   ;
                   their
                   teeth
                   very
                   long
                   ,
                   the
                   under-teeth
                   standing
                   out
                   beyond
                   their
                   lips
                   three
                   fingers
                   breadth
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   upper
                   about
                   half
                   a
                   finger
                   ,
                   being
                   very
                   broad
                   ,
                   crooked
                   ,
                   strong
                   ,
                   and
                   sharp
                   ,
                   standing
                   very
                   deep
                   in
                   their
                   mouth
                   ,
                   wherewith
                   they
                   defend
                   themselves
                   against
                   beasts
                   ,
                   take
                   fishes
                   as
                   it
                   were
                   upon
                   hooks
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   gnaw
                   in
                   sunder
                   trees
                   as
                   big
                   as
                   a
                   man's
                   thigh
                   .
                
                 
                   Their
                   fore-feet
                   are
                   like
                   dogs
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   hinder
                   like
                   geese
                   ,
                   made
                   as
                   it
                   were
                   on
                   purpose
                   to
                   go
                   on
                   the
                   land
                   ,
                   and
                   swim
                   in
                   the
                   water
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   tail
                   of
                   this
                   beast
                   is
                   most
                   strange
                   of
                   all
                   ,
                   being
                   without
                   hair
                   ,
                   and
                   covered
                   over
                   with
                   a
                   skin
                   like
                   the
                   scales
                   of
                   a
                   fish
                   ,
                   it
                   being
                   like
                   a
                   Soal
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   the
                   most
                   part
                   six
                   fingers
                   broad
                   ,
                   and
                   half
                   a
                   foot
                   long
                   .
                   They
                   are
                   accounted
                   a
                   very
                   delicate
                   dish
                   ,
                   and
                   eat
                   like
                   Barbels
                   :
                   the
                   manner
                   of
                   their
                   dressing
                   is
                   by
                   roasting
                   them
                   first
                   ,
                   and
                   boiling
                   or
                   stewing
                   them
                   afterwards
                   ;
                   they
                   must
                   be
                   food
                   that
                   is
                   very
                   sweet
                   ,
                   since
                   this
                   proverb
                   proceeded
                   from
                   them
                   :
                   
                     Sweet
                     is
                     that
                     fish
                     which
                     is
                     no
                     fish
                     at
                     all
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   As
                   for
                   the
                   wonderful
                   manner
                   of
                   their
                   building
                   ,
                   I
                   shall
                   let
                   that
                   alone
                   ,
                   since
                   it
                   is
                   at
                   large
                   described
                   by
                   Gesner
                   in
                   his
                   
                     History
                     of
                     Beasts
                  
                   ,
                   page
                   36.
                   
                
                 
                   There
                   is
                   nothing
                   so
                   valuable
                   in
                   this
                   beast
                   as
                   his
                   stones
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   are
                   in
                   great
                   esteem
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   precious
                   commodity
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   hath
                   been
                   the
                   opinion
                   of
                   some
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   a
                   Beaver
                   is
                   hunted
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   in
                   danger
                   to
                   be
                   taken
                   ,
                   he
                   biteth
                   off
                   his
                   own
                   stones
                   ,
                   knowing
                   that
                   for
                   them
                   onely
                   is
                   he
                   thus
                   pursued
                   :
                   but
                   this
                   is
                   found
                   to
                   be
                   a
                   meer
                   fiction
                   ;
                   for
                   their
                   stones
                   being
                   small
                   ,
                   and
                   placed
                   like
                   a
                   Boar's
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   impossible
                   for
                   them
                   to
                   come
                   at
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   taken
                   for
                   their
                   skins
                   ,
                   tails
                   ,
                   and
                   cods
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   many
                   ways
                   .
                   First
                   ,
                   when
                   their
                   caves
                   are
                   found
                   :
                   (
                   in
                   which
                   are
                   several
                   chambers
                   built
                   one
                   over
                   another
                   by
                   the
                   water-side
                   ,
                   to
                   ascend
                   or
                   descend
                   according
                   
                   as
                   the
                   water
                   riseth
                   or
                   falleth
                   )
                   I
                   say
                   ,
                   their
                   abode
                   being
                   found
                   ,
                   they
                   make
                   a
                   breach
                   therein
                   ,
                   wherein
                   is
                   put
                   a
                   little
                   dog
                   ,
                   which
                   the
                   Beaver
                   perceiving
                   ,
                   flies
                   instantly
                   to
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   her
                   cave
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   defendeth
                   her self
                   with
                   her
                   teeth
                   ,
                   till
                   all
                   her
                   building
                   be
                   raised
                   ,
                   and
                   she
                   laid
                   open
                   to
                   her
                   enemies
                   ,
                   who
                   kill
                   her
                   with
                   instruments
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   .
                   These
                   dogs
                   for
                   the
                   Beaver
                   are
                   the
                   same
                   which
                   hunt
                   Otters
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   cannot
                   dive
                   long
                   time
                   under
                   water
                   ,
                   but
                   must
                   put
                   up
                   their
                   heads
                   for
                   breath
                   ;
                   which
                   being
                   seen
                   by
                   those
                   who
                   are
                   hunting
                   them
                   ,
                   they
                   kill
                   them
                   with
                   gunshot
                   or
                   Otter-spears
                   :
                   His
                   nature
                   is
                   ,
                   if
                   he
                   hear
                   any
                   noise
                   ,
                   to
                   put
                   up
                   his
                   head
                   above
                   water
                   ,
                   whereby
                   he
                   is
                   discovered
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   loseth
                   life
                   .
                   Those
                   skins
                   are
                   best
                   which
                   are
                   blackest
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Elk.
                   
                
                 
                   THis
                   beast
                   is
                   twice
                   as
                   big
                   as
                   a
                   Hart
                   ,
                   whose
                   upper-lip
                   is
                   so
                   great
                   ,
                   and
                   hangeth
                   over
                   the
                   nether
                   so
                   far
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   cannot
                   eat
                   going
                   forward
                   ;
                   but
                   as
                   he
                   eateth
                   he
                   goeth
                   backward
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   gathereth
                   up
                   his
                   sustenance
                   .
                
                 
                   His
                   mane
                   is
                   divers
                   both
                   on
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   his
                   neck
                   ,
                   and
                   underneath
                   his
                   throat
                   ,
                   which
                   buncheth
                   like
                   a
                   beard
                   ,
                   or
                   curled
                   lock
                   of
                   hair
                   ;
                   his
                   neck
                   is
                   very
                   short
                   ,
                   disproportionable
                   to
                   his
                   body
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   hath
                   two
                   very
                   large
                   horns
                   bending
                   towards
                   the
                   back
                   in
                   a
                   plain
                   edge
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   spires
                   stand
                   forward
                   to
                   the
                   face
                   :
                   both
                   males
                   and
                   females
                   have
                   them
                   ;
                   they
                   are
                   solid
                   at
                   the
                   root
                   and
                   round
                   ,
                   but
                   afterwards
                   branched
                   ;
                   they
                   are
                   broader
                   than
                   a
                   Hart
                   's
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   very
                   heavy
                   ,
                   being
                   not
                   above
                   two
                   foot
                   long
                   ;
                   and
                   these
                   
                   horns
                   they
                   mew
                   every
                   year
                   :
                   He
                   is
                   colour'd
                   for
                   the
                   most
                   part
                   like
                   a
                   Heart
                   ,
                   and
                   hath
                   cloven
                   feet
                   ,
                   but
                   without
                   joynts
                   (
                   like
                   an
                   Elephant
                   )
                   in
                   his
                   fore-legs
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   sleepeth
                   leaning
                   to
                   posts
                   or
                   trees
                   ;
                   and
                   fighteth
                   not
                   with
                   his
                   horns
                   ,
                   but
                   fore-feet
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   a
                   most
                   timorous
                   creature
                   ,
                   not
                   desiring
                   to
                   stir
                   much
                   ,
                   unless
                   provok'd
                   thereunto
                   by
                   hunting
                   .
                   There
                   is
                   no
                   danger
                   in
                   hunting
                   this
                   beast
                   ,
                   except
                   a
                   man
                   come
                   right
                   before
                   him
                   :
                   for
                   if
                   this
                   beast
                   fasten
                   his
                   fore-feet
                   on
                   him
                   ,
                   he
                   cannot
                   escape
                   alive
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   it
                   receive
                   any
                   small
                   wound
                   ,
                   it
                   instantly
                   dies
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   taken
                   by
                   nets
                   and
                   toils
                   ,
                   or
                   as
                   Elephants
                   are
                   taken
                   :
                   for
                   when
                   they
                   have
                   found
                   the
                   trees
                   where-unto
                   they
                   lean
                   ,
                   they
                   so
                   cut
                   and
                   saw
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   the
                   Elk
                   cometh
                   ,
                   he
                   overthroweth
                   the
                   tree
                   and
                   falleth
                   with
                   it
                   ;
                   and
                   being
                   not
                   able
                   to
                   rise
                   ,
                   is
                   so
                   taken
                   alive
                   .
                   When
                   they
                   are
                   chased
                   eagerly
                   ,
                   and
                   can
                   find
                   no
                   place
                   to
                   rest
                   themselves
                   in
                   and
                   lie
                   secret
                   ,
                   they
                   run
                   to
                   the
                   waters
                   ,
                   and
                   therein
                   stand
                   ,
                   taking
                   up
                   waters
                   into
                   their
                   mouths
                   ;
                   and
                   in
                   a
                   little
                   time
                   do
                   so
                   heat
                   it
                   ,
                   that
                   squirting
                   it
                   out
                   upon
                   the
                   dogs
                   ,
                   the
                   heat
                   thereof
                   so
                   scaldeth
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   dare
                   not
                   come
                   nigh
                   or
                   approach
                   them
                   any
                   more
                   .
                
                 
                   Many
                   more
                   exotick
                   beasts
                   I
                   might
                   here
                   insert
                   ,
                   describing
                   their
                   natures
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   manner
                   of
                   their
                   Forrain
                   hunting
                   ;
                   but
                   ,
                   since
                   they
                   are
                   not
                   to
                   be
                   found
                   in
                   England
                   ,
                   let
                   these
                   suffice
                   which
                   I
                   have
                   already
                   described
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 Dogs
                 Diseases
                 Remedied
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 Hurts
                 Healed
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 best
                 Prescriptions
                 of
                 Ancient
                 and
                 Modern
                 Huntsmen
                 .
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     a
                     Five-fold
                     Madness
                     in
                     a
                  
                   Dog
                   :
                   
                     the
                     Symptoms
                     of
                     the
                     Maladies
                     ,
                     and
                     their
                     CVRE
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   THe
                   ancients
                   have
                   derived
                   Rabies
                   ,
                   Madness
                   ,
                   from
                   Ravies
                   ,
                   hoarseness
                   of
                   voice
                   ,
                   for
                   mad
                   dogs
                   have
                   no
                   perfect
                   voice
                   :
                   but
                   it
                   is
                   more
                   probable
                   ,
                   that
                   Rabies
                   cometh
                   
                     à
                     Rapiendo
                  
                   ;
                   because
                   when
                   a
                   dog
                   beginneth
                   to
                   go
                   mad
                   ;
                   he
                   biteth
                   ,
                   runneth
                   ,
                   snatcheth
                   ,
                   and
                   roves
                   to
                   and
                   fro
                   ,
                   to
                   his
                   own
                   perdition
                   .
                   A
                   mad
                   dog
                   is
                   most
                   dangerous
                   in
                   the
                   Dog-days
                   ;
                   for
                   at
                   that
                   time
                   the
                   very
                   foam
                   or
                   spittle
                   falling
                   on
                   a
                   man
                   breeds
                   danger
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   properly
                   seven
                   sorts
                   of
                   Madnesses
                   which
                   afflict
                   a
                   dog
                   ,
                   whereof
                   two
                   of
                   them
                   are
                   incurable
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   I
                   shall
                   speak
                   little
                   of
                   them
                   ;
                   onely
                   so
                   much
                   as
                   may
                   give
                   you
                   warning
                   to
                   shift
                   them
                   from
                   your
                   other
                   dogs
                   ,
                   because
                   their
                   disease
                   is
                   infectious
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   beware
                   of
                   them
                   your self
                   ,
                   lest
                   they
                   injure
                   you
                   ;
                   for
                   their
                   biting
                   is
                   dangerous
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   of
                   these
                   incurable
                   Madnesses
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   
                     Hot
                     burning
                     Madness
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   known
                   by
                   these
                   symptoms
                   .
                   First
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   run
                   ,
                   they
                   raise
                   their
                   tails
                   bolt-upright
                   ,
                   and
                   run
                   upon
                   any
                   thing
                   that
                   stands
                   before
                   them
                   ,
                   having
                   no
                   respect
                   where
                   nor
                   which
                   way
                   they
                   run
                   :
                   also
                   their
                   mouths
                   will
                   be
                   very
                   black
                   ,
                   having
                   no
                   foam
                   in
                   nor
                   about
                   them
                   .
                   They
                   will
                   not
                   continue
                   thus
                   above
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   days
                   ,
                   after
                   which
                   time
                   they
                   die
                   ,
                   their
                   pain
                   being
                   so
                   intolerable
                   .
                   Where
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   
                   all
                   those
                   dogs
                   they
                   have
                   bitten
                   and
                   drew
                   blood
                   from
                   ,
                   will
                   be
                   mad
                   in
                   like
                   manner
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   
                     running
                     Madness
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   less
                   dangerous
                   ,
                   however
                   incurable
                   .
                   The
                   dogs
                   that
                   are
                   troubled
                   with
                   this
                   madness
                   run
                   not
                   on
                   men
                   ,
                   but
                   dogs
                   ,
                   and
                   on
                   no
                   other
                   beasts
                   .
                   The
                   symptoms
                   are
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   smell
                   on
                   other
                   dogs
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   smelt
                   them
                   ,
                   will
                   shake
                   and
                   bite
                   them
                   ,
                   yet
                   shaking
                   their
                   tails
                   ,
                   and
                   seeming
                   to
                   offer
                   no
                   harm
                   :
                   with
                   other
                   tokens
                   I
                   omit
                   for
                   brevity
                   sake
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   Dumb
                   Madness
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   five
                   Madnesses
                   (
                   or
                   rather
                   Sicknesses
                   )
                   which
                   are
                   curable
                   ,
                   are
                   these
                   :
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   Dumb
                   madness
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   thus
                   known
                   :
                   the
                   dog
                   that
                   is
                   troubled
                   therewith
                   will
                   not
                   feed
                   ,
                   but
                   holds
                   his
                   mouth
                   wide
                   open
                   continually
                   ,
                   putting
                   his
                   feet
                   to
                   his
                   mouth
                   frequently
                   ,
                   as
                   if
                   he
                   had
                   a
                   bone
                   in
                   his
                   throat
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   cure
                   is
                   thus
                   :
                   Take
                   four
                   ounces
                   of
                   the
                   juice
                   of
                   
                     Spathula
                     putrida
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   it
                   into
                   a
                   pot
                   ;
                   then
                   take
                   the
                   like
                   quantity
                   of
                   the
                   juice
                   of
                   black
                   Hellebore
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   much
                   of
                   the
                   juice
                   of
                   Rue
                   :
                   having
                   strained
                   them
                   all
                   well
                   through
                   a
                   fine
                   cloath
                   ,
                   put
                   them
                   into
                   a
                   glass
                   :
                   then
                   take
                   two
                   drams
                   of
                   Scammony
                   unprepared
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   mingled
                   it
                   with
                   the
                   former
                   juices
                   ,
                   put
                   it
                   into
                   a
                   horn
                   or
                   funnel
                   ,
                   and
                   convey
                   it
                   down
                   his
                   throat
                   ,
                   keeping
                   his
                   head
                   up
                   straight
                   ,
                   lest
                   he
                   cast
                   it
                   up
                   again
                   :
                   then
                   bleed
                   him
                   in
                   the
                   mouth
                   ,
                   cutting
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   veins
                   in
                   his
                   gums
                   that
                   he
                   may
                   bleed
                   the
                   better
                   ;
                   and
                   in
                   a
                   short
                   time
                   you
                   will
                   find
                   amendment
                   .
                   Or
                   you
                   may
                   onely
                   take
                   eight
                   drams
                   of
                   the
                   juice
                   of
                   an
                   herb
                   called
                   Harts-horn
                   ,
                   or
                   Dogs-tooth
                   ,
                   and
                   you
                   will
                   find
                   it
                   a
                   most
                   excellent
                   receipt
                   against
                   any
                   madness
                   whatsoever
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   Falling
                   Madness
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   Falling
                   Madness
                   :
                   the
                   disease
                   lieth
                   in
                   their
                   heads
                   ,
                   which
                   maketh
                   them
                   reel
                   as
                   they
                   go
                   ,
                   and
                   fall
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   cure
                   is
                   thus
                   :
                   Take
                   four
                   ounces
                   of
                   the
                   juice
                   of
                   Piony
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   like
                   quantity
                   of
                   the
                   juice
                   of
                   Briony
                   ,
                   the
                   like
                   of
                   the
                   juice
                   of
                   Cruciata
                   ,
                   and
                   four
                   drams
                   of
                   Staves-acre
                   pulverized
                   :
                   mingle
                   these
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   it
                   your
                   hound
                   or
                   dog
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   :
                   then
                   let
                   him
                   blood
                   in
                   the
                   cars
                   or
                   the
                   two
                   veins
                   which
                   come
                   down
                   the
                   shoulders
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   he
                   is
                   not
                   cured
                   at
                   first
                   ,
                   give
                   it
                   him
                   a
                   second
                   or
                   third
                   time
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   Lank
                   Madness
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   third
                   kind
                   of
                   madness
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   Lank
                   Madness
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   the
                   leanness
                   of
                   their
                   bodies
                   occasioned
                   by
                   skummering
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   cure
                   is
                   thus
                   :
                   First
                   ,
                   purge
                   your
                   dog
                   with
                   this
                   portion
                   :
                   Take
                   an
                   ounce
                   and
                   a
                   half
                   of
                   
                     Cassia
                     fistularis
                  
                   well
                   cleansed
                   ,
                   two
                   drams
                   and
                   a
                   half
                   of
                   Stavesacre
                   pulverized
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   like
                   quantity
                   of
                   Scammony
                   prepared
                   in
                   White-wine-vinegar
                   ,
                   and
                   four
                   ounces
                   of
                   Oyl-olive
                   ;
                   temper
                   these
                   and
                   warm
                   them
                   over
                   the
                   Fire
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   it
                   your
                   dog
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   morning
                   put
                   him
                   into
                   this
                   bath
                   fasting
                   as
                   followeth
                   :
                   Put
                   into
                   six
                   pails
                   full
                   of
                   water
                   ten
                   handfuls
                   of
                   Mugwort
                   ,
                   of
                   Rosemary
                   ,
                   of
                   red-Sage
                   ,
                   of
                   the
                   roots
                   or
                   leaves
                   of
                   Marsh-mallows
                   ,
                   of
                   the
                   roots
                   or
                   leaves
                   of
                   Wall-wort
                   ,
                   of
                   the
                   roots
                   or
                   stalks
                   of
                   Fennel
                   ,
                   of
                   the
                   leaves
                   or
                   stalks
                   of
                   Elecampane
                   ,
                   Baulm
                   and
                   Rue
                   ,
                   Sorrel
                   ,
                   Bugloss
                   and
                   Mellilot
                   ;
                   let
                   these
                   boil
                   together
                   in
                   two
                   thirds
                   of
                   water
                   and
                   the
                   other
                   Wine
                   ,
                   until
                   one
                   third
                   be
                   consumed
                   :
                   the
                   bath
                   being
                   no
                   hotter
                   than
                   your
                   dog
                   can
                   endure
                   it
                   ,
                   bathe
                   him
                   
                   therein
                   for
                   the
                   space
                   of
                   an
                   hour
                   ;
                   then
                   taking
                   him
                   out
                   ,
                   put
                   him
                   in
                   some
                   warm
                   place
                   for
                   sear
                   of
                   catching
                   cold
                   .
                   Do
                   this
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   times
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   bath
                   ,
                   and
                   it
                   will
                   cure
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Sleeping
                   Madness
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fourth
                   Madness
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   Sleeping
                   Madness
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   caused
                   by
                   some
                   little
                   Worms
                   breeding
                   in
                   the
                   mouth
                   of
                   the
                   Stomack
                   from
                   corrupt
                   Humours
                   ,
                   the
                   vapours
                   and
                   sumes
                   whereof
                   ascending
                   into
                   the
                   head
                   ,
                   make
                   the
                   dog
                   sleep
                   continually
                   ,
                   and
                   frequently
                   he
                   dieth
                   sleeping
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   the
                   cure
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   take
                   five
                   ounces
                   of
                   the
                   juice
                   of
                   Wormwood
                   ,
                   with
                   two
                   ounces
                   of
                   the
                   powder
                   of
                   Harts-horn
                   burned
                   ,
                   and
                   two
                   drams
                   of
                   Agarick
                   :
                   mingle
                   these
                   together
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   they
                   be
                   too
                   thick
                   ,
                   thin
                   them
                   with
                   White-wine
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   it
                   your
                   dog
                   to
                   drink
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Rhcumatick
                   or
                   Slavering
                   Madness
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Madness
                   is
                   called
                   so
                   ,
                   because
                   ,
                   when
                   a
                   dog
                   hath
                   got
                   it
                   ,
                   his
                   head
                   swelleth
                   ,
                   his
                   eyes
                   are
                   as
                   yellow
                   as
                   a
                   Kite's-foot
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   commonly
                   slavereth
                   at
                   the
                   mouth
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Cure
                   is
                   thus
                   :
                   Take
                   six
                   ounces
                   of
                   the
                   juice
                   of
                   Fennel-roots
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   like
                   quantity
                   of
                   the
                   juice
                   of
                   Misseltoe
                   ,
                   four
                   ounces
                   of
                   the
                   juice
                   of
                   lvy
                   ,
                   four
                   ounces
                   of
                   the
                   powder
                   of
                   the
                   roots
                   of
                   Polypodie
                   ;
                   boil
                   these
                   in
                   White-wine
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   it
                   your
                   dog
                   to
                   drink
                   as
                   hot
                   as
                   he
                   can
                   suffer
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   a
                   dog
                   hath
                   any
                   of
                   these
                   kinds
                   of
                   Madnesses
                   he
                   will
                   have
                   no
                   desire
                   to
                   eat
                   ,
                   fasting
                   frequently
                   eight
                   or
                   nine
                   days
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   starving
                   to
                   death
                   .
                   Nay
                   ,
                   if
                   they
                   are
                   troubled
                   with
                   any
                   distemper
                   they
                   will
                   refuse
                   their
                   meat
                   ,
                   nay
                   ,
                   the
                   daintiest
                   bit
                   you
                   can
                   give
                   them
                   ,
                   until
                   they
                   have
                   eaten
                   grass
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   cleared
                   
                   their
                   stomack
                   of
                   what
                   did
                   offend
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   they
                   will
                   eat
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Concerning
                   the
                   Madness
                   of
                   Dogs
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   Venomous
                   Bitings
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   think
                   no
                   reasonable
                   man
                   ought
                   to
                   question
                   why
                   the
                   teeth
                   of
                   a
                   mad
                   dog
                   should
                   do
                   more
                   harm
                   than
                   those
                   of
                   a
                   sound
                   one
                   ;
                   because
                   in
                   rage
                   and
                   anger
                   the
                   teeth
                   of
                   every
                   beast
                   and
                   creature
                   receive
                   venome
                   and
                   poison
                   from
                   the
                   head
                   ,
                   whereby
                   when
                   they
                   bite
                   at
                   that
                   time
                   they
                   do
                   much
                   more
                   harm
                   .
                
                 
                   Against
                   the
                   simple
                   biting
                   of
                   a
                   dog
                   ,
                   take
                   the
                   urine
                   of
                   a
                   dog
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   sufficient
                   ,
                   since
                   there
                   is
                   but
                   little
                   venome
                   in
                   those
                   wounds
                   .
                   To
                   lay
                   the
                   hair
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   dog
                   thereon
                   ,
                   (
                   though
                   so
                   much
                   talkt
                   on
                   )
                   I
                   look
                   upon
                   as
                   a
                   meer
                   foppery
                   .
                   Or
                   being
                   bit
                   by
                   a
                   dog
                   ,
                   take
                   vinegar
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   your
                   hand
                   rub
                   the
                   wound
                   very
                   well
                   ;
                   then
                   pour
                   into
                   it
                   vinegar
                   mixed
                   with
                   water
                   or
                   Nitre
                   ;
                   then
                   wet
                   a
                   spunge
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   liquids
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   let
                   it
                   remain
                   bound
                   up
                   three
                   days
                   ;
                   then
                   take
                   Pellitory
                   of
                   the
                   wall
                   ,
                   mingled
                   and
                   beaten
                   with
                   Salt
                   ,
                   or
                   any
                   other
                   plaister
                   for
                   green
                   wounds
                   .
                
                 
                   Divers
                   are
                   the
                   cures
                   and
                   remedies
                   for
                   biting
                   of
                   mad
                   dogs
                   ;
                   which
                   I
                   omit
                   in
                   this
                   place
                   ,
                   as
                   belonging
                   not
                   to
                   my
                   subject
                   ,
                   but
                   to
                   Physick
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   A
                   Remedy
                   against
                   the
                   common
                   Mange
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   distemper
                   befalls
                   a
                   dog
                   frequently
                   for
                   want
                   of
                   fresh
                   water
                   to
                   drink
                   when
                   he
                   desires
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   by
                   foul
                   kennelling
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   by
                   foundering
                   and
                   melting
                   his
                   greace
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   may
                   cure
                   it
                   in
                   this
                   manner
                   :
                   Take
                   two
                   handfuls
                   of
                   wild
                   Cresses
                   ,
                   two
                   handfuls
                   of
                   Elecampane
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   much
                   of
                   the
                   leaves
                   and
                   roots
                   of
                   Roerb
                   and
                   
                   Sorrel
                   ,
                   and
                   two
                   pound
                   of
                   the
                   roots
                   of
                   Frodels
                   ;
                   make
                   them
                   all
                   boil
                   well
                   in
                   lye
                   and
                   vinegar
                   :
                   having
                   strained
                   the
                   decoction
                   ,
                   put
                   therein
                   two
                   pound
                   of
                   gray
                   soap
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   it
                   is
                   melted
                   therein
                   ,
                   then
                   rub
                   your
                   degs
                   with
                   it
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   days
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   it
                   will
                   cure
                   them
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 brief
                 Discourse
                 of
                 the
                 Cure
                 of
                 Maladies
                 belonging
                 to
                 Spaniels
                 ,
                 with
                 other
                 accidents
                 happening
                 .
              
               
                 HOw
                 necessary
                 a
                 thing
                 a
                 Spaniel
                 is
                 to
                 Faulconry
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 those
                 that
                 delight
                 in
                 that
                 noble
                 recreation
                 ,
                 keeping
                 Hawks
                 for
                 their
                 pastime
                 and
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 I
                 think
                 no
                 body
                 need
                 question
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 to
                 spring
                 and
                 retrive
                 a
                 fowl
                 being
                 flown
                 to
                 the
                 mark
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 divers
                 other
                 ways
                 to
                 help
                 and
                 assist
                 Faulcons
                 and
                 Goshawks
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 since
                 they
                 are
                 subject
                 to
                 many
                 diseases
                 and
                 casualties
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 endeavour
                 to
                 propound
                 a
                 suitable
                 cure
                 for
                 them
                 ;
                 and
                 first
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 begin
                 with
                 the
                 Mange
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 capital
                 enemy
                 to
                 the
                 quiet
                 and
                 beauty
                 of
                 a
                 brave
                 Spaniel
                 ,
                 wherewith
                 poor
                 creatures
                 they
                 are
                 often
                 grievously
                 tormented
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 frequently
                 infect
                 others
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 the
                 cure
                 of
                 this
                 distemper
                 ,
                 take
                 a
                 pound
                 of
                 Barrow-flick
                 ,
                 common
                 Oil
                 three
                 ounces
                 ,
                 Brimstone
                 well
                 pulverized
                 foar
                 ounces
                 ,
                 Salt
                 well
                 beaten
                 to
                 powder
                 ,
                 Ashes
                 well
                 sifted
                 and
                 searced
                 ,
                 of
                 each
                 two
                 ounces
                 ;
                 boil
                 all
                 these
                 in
                 a
                 kettle
                 or
                 earthen-pot
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 they
                 are
                 all
                 well
                 incorporated
                 together
                 ,
                 anoint
                 your
                 Spaniel
                 with
                 this
                 thrice
                 every
                 other
                 day
                 ,
                 either
                 against
                 the
                 Sun
                 or
                 Fire
                 :
                 having
                 so
                 done
                 ,
                 wash
                 him
                 all
                 over
                 with
                 good
                 strong
                 Lye
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 will
                 kill
                 the
                 Mange
                 .
                 Remember
                 you
                 shift
                 his
                 kennel
                 and
                 litter
                 often
                 .
              
               
               
                 If
                 the
                 Spaniel
                 lose
                 its
                 Hair
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 often
                 happens
                 ,
                 then
                 bathe
                 your
                 Spaniel
                 in
                 the
                 water
                 of
                 Lupines
                 or
                 Hops
                 ,
                 and
                 anoint
                 him
                 with
                 stale
                 Barrows-flick
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 ointment
                 ,
                 besides
                 the
                 cure
                 ,
                 maketh
                 his
                 skin
                 look
                 slick
                 and
                 beautiful
                 ,
                 and
                 kills
                 the
                 fleas
                 ,
                 the
                 dogs
                 disquieters
                 ,
                 and
                 enemies
                 to
                 his
                 ease
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 this
                 be
                 not
                 strong
                 enough
                 to
                 destroy
                 this
                 malady
                 ,
                 then
                 take
                 two
                 quarts
                 of
                 strong
                 vinegar
                 ,
                 common
                 oil
                 six
                 ounces
                 ,
                 brimstone
                 three
                 ounces
                 ,
                 soot
                 six
                 ounces
                 ,
                 brayd
                 salt
                 and
                 searced
                 two
                 handfuls
                 :
                 boil
                 all
                 these
                 together
                 in
                 the
                 vineger
                 ,
                 and
                 anoint
                 your
                 dog
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 .
                 This
                 receipt
                 must
                 not
                 be
                 administred
                 in
                 cold
                 weather
                 ,
                 for
                 it
                 may
                 hazard
                 his
                 life
                 in
                 so
                 doing
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 a
                 Spaniel
                 be
                 not
                 much
                 troubled
                 with
                 the
                 Mange
                 ,
                 then
                 it
                 is
                 easie
                 to
                 cure
                 him
                 thus
                 :
              
               
                 Make
                 bread
                 with
                 wheaten-bran
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 roots
                 ,
                 leaves
                 ,
                 and
                 fruit
                 of
                 Agrimony
                 ,
                 beating
                 them
                 well
                 in
                 a
                 mortar
                 ,
                 and
                 ,
                 making
                 it
                 into
                 a
                 paste
                 or
                 dough
                 ,
                 bake
                 it
                 in
                 an
                 oven
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 made
                 ,
                 give
                 thereof
                 to
                 your
                 Spaniel
                 ,
                 giving
                 him
                 no
                 other
                 bread
                 for
                 some
                 time
                 ,
                 letting
                 him
                 eat
                 as
                 long
                 as
                 he
                 will.
                 
              
               
                 
                   Cure
                   of
                   the
                   Formica
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   summer-time
                   there
                   is
                   a
                   scurvy
                   malady
                   which
                   very
                   much
                   afflicts
                   a
                   Spaniel's
                   ears
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   accasioned
                   by
                   flies
                   and
                   their
                   own
                   scratching
                   with
                   their
                   feet
                   :
                   We
                   term
                   it
                   a
                   Mange
                   ,
                   the
                   
                     Italians
                     ,
                     Formica
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   
                     French
                     ,
                     Fourmier
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   the
                   cure
                   ,
                   take
                   Gum-dragaganth
                   four
                   ounces
                   infused
                   in
                   the
                   strongest
                   Vinegar
                   may
                   be
                   gotten
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   space
                   of
                   eight
                   days
                   ,
                   and
                   afterwards
                   bruised
                   on
                   a
                   marble-stone
                   ,
                   as
                   painters
                   do
                   their
                   colours
                   ,
                   adding
                   unto
                   it
                   Roch-allum
                   and
                   Galls
                   beaten
                   to
                   powder
                   ,
                   of
                   either
                   two
                   ounces
                   ;
                   mingle
                   all
                   these
                   well
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   lay
                   it
                   on
                   the
                   place
                   afflicted
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   For
                   Swelling
                   in
                   the
                   Throat
                   .
                
                 
                   By
                   reason
                   of
                   a
                   humour
                   distilling
                   from
                   the
                   brain
                   ,
                   the
                   throat
                   of
                   a
                   Spaniel
                   will
                   often
                   swell
                   unreasonably
                   .
                   For
                   cure
                   whereof
                   ,
                   anoint
                   the
                   grieved
                   place
                   with
                   oil
                   of
                   Camomile
                   ;
                   then
                   wash
                   it
                   with
                   vinegar
                   not
                   over-strong
                   mixed
                   with
                   salt
                   .
                   
                     Probatum
                     est
                  
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   Worms
                   breeding
                   in
                   the
                   Hurts
                   and
                   Mangy
                   parts
                   of
                   a
                   Spaniel
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   worms
                   do
                   hinder
                   the
                   cure
                   of
                   the
                   mange
                   or
                   wounds
                   ,
                   causing
                   them
                   to
                   continue
                   at
                   one
                   stay
                   ,
                   or
                   to
                   grow
                   worse
                   and
                   worse
                   .
                   To
                   remove
                   this
                   hindrance
                   ,
                   take
                   the
                   gum
                   of
                   Ivy
                   and
                   convey
                   it
                   into
                   the
                   wound
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   it
                   there
                   remain
                   a
                   day
                   or
                   two
                   ,
                   washing
                   the
                   wound
                   with
                   Wine
                   ;
                   and
                   after
                   that
                   anoint
                   it
                   with
                   Bacon-grease
                   ,
                   oil
                   of
                   Earth-worms
                   ,
                   and
                   Rue
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   powder
                   of
                   wild
                   Cucumbers
                   is
                   excellent
                   good
                   to
                   kill
                   these
                   worms
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   prove
                   a
                   good
                   corrosive
                   ,
                   also
                   eating
                   away
                   the
                   dead
                   flesh
                   ,
                   and
                   increasing
                   the
                   good
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   the
                   worms
                   be
                   within
                   the
                   body
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   destroy
                   them
                   in
                   this
                   manner
                   :
                   Cause
                   your
                   Spaniel
                   ,
                   by
                   fair
                   means
                   or
                   foul
                   ,
                   when
                   fasting
                   ,
                   to
                   eat
                   the
                   yolk
                   of
                   an
                   egg
                   with
                   two
                   scruples
                   of
                   Saffron
                   pulverized
                   and
                   confected
                   with
                   the
                   same
                   egg
                   ,
                   keeping
                   him
                   after
                   it
                   fasting
                   till
                   night
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   a
                   Spaniel
                   is
                   hurt
                   ,
                   as
                   long
                   as
                   he
                   can
                   come
                   to
                   lick
                   the
                   wound
                   with
                   his
                   tongue
                   he
                   needs
                   no
                   other
                   remedy
                   ;
                   his
                   tongue
                   is
                   his
                   best
                   Chirurgeon
                   :
                   but
                   when
                   he
                   cannot
                   do
                   that
                   ,
                   then
                   such
                   wounds
                   as
                   are
                   not
                   venomous
                   you
                   may
                   cure
                   with
                   the
                   powder
                   of
                   Matresilva
                   dried
                   in
                   an
                   oven
                   ,
                   or
                   in
                   the
                   Sun.
                   If
                   it
                   be
                   a
                   bite
                   of
                   a
                   Fox
                   ,
                   anoint
                   it
                   with
                   oil
                   wherein
                   Earth-worms
                   and
                   Rue
                   have
                   been
                   boiled
                   together
                   .
                   If
                   by
                   a
                   mad
                   dog
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   lap
                   twice
                   or
                   thrice
                   of
                   the
                   
                   broth
                   of
                   Germander
                   ,
                   and
                   eat
                   the
                   Germander
                   too
                   boiled
                   .
                
                 
                   Others
                   bore
                   the
                   skin
                   of
                   his
                   neck
                   through
                   with
                   a
                   hot-Iron
                   just
                   betwixt
                   his
                   ears
                   ,
                   so
                   as
                   the
                   fire
                   may
                   touch
                   both
                   sides
                   of
                   the
                   hole
                   made
                   :
                   after
                   that
                   ,
                   plucking
                   up
                   the
                   skin
                   of
                   the
                   dog's
                   shoulders
                   and
                   flanks
                   backwards
                   ,
                   thrust
                   it
                   through
                   with
                   a
                   hot-Iron
                   in
                   like
                   manner
                   :
                   by
                   giving
                   the
                   venom
                   this
                   vent
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   a
                   ready
                   way
                   to
                   cure
                   him
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   To
                   help
                   a
                   Spaniel
                   that
                   hath
                   lost
                   his
                   sense
                   of
                   Smelling
                   .
                
                 
                   Spaniels
                   ,
                   sometimes
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   too
                   much
                   rest
                   and
                   grease
                   ,
                   or
                   some
                   other
                   accident
                   ,
                   do
                   lose
                   their
                   sense
                   of
                   smelling
                   ,
                   so
                   as
                   they
                   cannot
                   spring
                   or
                   retrive
                   a
                   fowl
                   after
                   their
                   usual
                   manner
                   :
                   To
                   recover
                   it
                   again
                   ,
                   take
                   Agarick
                   two
                   drams
                   ,
                   Sal
                   Gemma
                   one
                   scruple
                   ;
                   beat
                   these
                   into
                   powder
                   ,
                   and
                   incorporate
                   them
                   with
                   Oxymel
                   ,
                   making
                   a
                   pill
                   as
                   big
                   as
                   a
                   nut
                   ,
                   cover
                   it
                   with
                   butter
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   it
                   the
                   dog
                   by
                   fair
                   means
                   or
                   foul
                   .
                   This
                   will
                   bring
                   him
                   into
                   a
                   quick
                   scent
                   ,
                   as
                   I
                   have
                   oftentimes
                   proved
                   it
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   benefit
                   of
                   cutting
                   off
                   the
                   tip
                   of
                   a
                   Spaniel's
                   Tail
                   or
                   Stern
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   necessary
                   for
                   several
                   reasons
                   to
                   cut
                   off
                   the
                   tip
                   of
                   a
                   Spaniel's
                   stern
                   when
                   it
                   is
                   a
                   whelp
                   .
                   First
                   ,
                   by
                   so
                   doing
                   worms
                   are
                   prevented
                   from
                   breeding
                   there
                   ;
                   in
                   the
                   next
                   place
                   ,
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   not
                   cut
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   be
                   the
                   less
                   forward
                   in
                   pressing
                   hastily
                   into
                   the
                   covert
                   after
                   his
                   game
                   ;
                   besides
                   this
                   benefit
                   ,
                   the
                   dog
                   appears
                   more
                   beautiful
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 An
                 Abstract
                 of
                 such
                 Penal
                 LAWS
                 As
                 relate
                 to
                 HUNTERS
                 and
                 HUNTING
                 .
              
               
                 STat.
                 13
                 R.
                 2.
                 cap.
                 13.
                 
                 No
                 man
                 who
                 hath
                 not
                 lands
                 of
                 40
                 
                   s.
                   per
                   ann
                
                 .
                 nor
                 Clerk
                 who
                 hath
                 not
                 
                   10
                   l.
                
                 revenue
                 
                   per
                   an
                
                 .
                 shall
                 have
                 or
                 keep
                 any
                 Grey-hound
                 ,
                 Hound
                 ,
                 Dog
                 ,
                 Ferret
                 ,
                 Net
                 ,
                 or
                 Engine
                 to
                 destroy
                 Deer
                 ,
                 Hares
                 ,
                 Coneys
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 Gentlemans
                 Game
                 ,
                 in
                 pain
                 of
                 one
                 whole
                 years
                 imprisoment
                 ,
                 which
                 Iustices
                 of
                 Peace
                 have
                 power
                 to
                 inflict
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   1
                   H.
                   7.
                   cap.
                   7.
                   
                
                 If
                 any
                 shall
                 hunt
                 within
                 Forests
                 ,
                 Parks
                 ,
                 or
                 Warrens
                 in
                 the
                 night-time
                 ,
                 or
                 disguised
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Kings
                 Council
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Iustice
                 of
                 Peace
                 to
                 whom
                 information
                 shall
                 be
                 made
                 ,
                 shall
                 by
                 his
                 Warrant
                 cause
                 the
                 Offender
                 to
                 be
                 brought
                 before
                 himself
                 ,
                 or
                 some
                 other
                 Councellor
                 or
                 Iustice
                 of
                 Peace
                 to
                 be
                 examined
                 ;
                 where
                 if
                 he
                 conceal
                 the
                 Fact
                 ,
                 such
                 hunting
                 shall
                 be
                 deemed
                 Felony
                 ;
                 but
                 being
                 confessed
                 ,
                 the
                 Offence
                 is
                 onely
                 Finable
                 at
                 the
                 next
                 general
                 Sessions
                 .
                 And
                 here
                 a
                 Rescous
                 of
                 the
                 Execution
                 of
                 any
                 such
                 Warrant
                 shall
                 be
                 also
                 deemed
                 Felony
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   19
                   H.
                   7.
                   cap.
                   11.
                   
                
                 None
                 shall
                 keep
                 any
                 Deer-hays
                 ,
                 or
                 Buck-stalls
                 (
                 save
                 in
                 his
                 own
                 Forest
                 or
                 Park
                 )
                 in
                 pain
                 to
                 forfeit
                 for
                 every
                 
                 Month
                 they
                 are
                 so
                 kept
                 40
                 s.
                 Neither
                 shall
                 any
                 stalk
                 with
                 any
                 Bush
                 or
                 Beast
                 to
                 any
                 Deer
                 ,
                 except
                 in
                 his
                 own
                 Forest
                 or
                 Park
                 ,
                 on
                 pain
                 of
                 
                   10
                   l.
                
                 
              
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   14
                   ,
                   15
                   H.
                   8.
                   cap.
                   10.
                   
                
                 None
                 shall
                 trace
                 ,
                 destroy
                 ,
                 or
                 kill
                 any
                 Hare
                 in
                 the
                 Snow
                 ,
                 in
                 pain
                 of
                 
                   6
                   s.
                   8
                   d.
                
                 for
                 every
                 such
                 Offence
                 :
                 which
                 penalty
                 assessed
                 in
                 Sessions
                 shall
                 go
                 to
                 the
                 King
                 ;
                 but
                 in
                 a
                 Leet
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 Lord
                 thereof
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   3
                   Jacob.
                   cap.
                   13.
                
                 
                 None
                 shall
                 (
                 without
                 the
                 Owners
                 License
                 )
                 kill
                 or
                 chase
                 any
                 Deer
                 or
                 Coneys
                 in
                 any
                 Parks
                 ,
                 or
                 inclosed
                 Grounds
                 ,
                 in
                 pain
                 to
                 suffer
                 three
                 months
                 imprisonment
                 ,
                 to
                 pay
                 treble
                 damages
                 to
                 the
                 party
                 grieved
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 be
                 bound
                 with
                 two
                 good
                 Sureties
                 to
                 the
                 good
                 behaviour
                 for
                 seven
                 years
                 :
                 But
                 the
                 party
                 grieved
                 ,
                 having
                 satisfaction
                 ,
                 hath
                 liberty
                 to
                 release
                 the
                 Behaviour
                 .
              
               
                 II.
                 By
                 the
                 same
                 Statute
                 it
                 appears
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 any
                 person
                 not
                 having
                 40
                 
                   l.
                   per
                   annum
                
                 in
                 Lands
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   200
                   l.
                
                 in
                 Goods
                 ,
                 or
                 some
                 inclosed
                 Ground
                 used
                 for
                 Deer
                 or
                 Coneys
                 worth
                 40
                 
                   s.
                   per
                   ann
                
                 .
                 at
                 least
                 ,
                 shall
                 use
                 any
                 Gun
                 ,
                 Bow
                 ,
                 or
                 Cross-bow
                 to
                 kill
                 any
                 Deer
                 or
                 Coneys
                 ,
                 or
                 shall
                 keep
                 any
                 Buck-stall
                 ,
                 Ferret
                 ,
                 Dog
                 ,
                 Net
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 Engine
                 ,
                 it
                 shall
                 be
                 lawful
                 for
                 any
                 person
                 (
                 having
                 Lands
                 worth
                 100
                 
                   l.
                   per
                   ann
                
                 .
                 )
                 to
                 take
                 such
                 Gun
                 ,
                 &c.
                 from
                 any
                 such
                 person
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 convert
                 it
                 to
                 his
                 own
                 use
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   13
                   Car.
                   2.
                   cap.
                   20.
                   
                
                 None
                 shall
                 unlawfully
                 Course
                 ,
                 Kill
                 ,
                 Hunt
                 ,
                 or
                 carry
                 away
                 any
                 Deer
                 in
                 any
                 Forest
                 ,
                 Chase
                 ,
                 Purliew
                 ,
                 Wood
                 ,
                 Park
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 Ground
                 where
                 Deer
                 have
                 been
                 usually
                 kept
                 ,
                 within
                 England
                 and
                 Wales
                 ,
                 without
                 the
                 consent
                 of
                 the
                 Owners
                 or
                 Party
                 
                 chiefly
                 trusted
                 with
                 the
                 custody
                 thereof
                 ,
                 or
                 he
                 aiding
                 or
                 assisting
                 therein
                 ,
                 upon
                 pain
                 ,
                 being
                 convicted
                 by
                 confession
                 ,
                 or
                 one
                 Witness
                 ,
                 before
                 any
                 Istice
                 of
                 the
                 Peace
                 within
                 sit
                 months
                 after
                 the
                 Offence
                 ,
                 of
                 201.
                 to
                 be
                 levied
                 by
                 distress
                 by
                 Warrant
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Iustices
                 :
                 one
                 moity
                 to
                 the
                 Informer
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 to
                 the
                 Owner
                 of
                 the
                 Deer
                 :
                 And
                 for
                 want
                 of
                 distress
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 committed
                 to
                 the
                 House
                 of
                 Correction
                 ,
                 or
                 common
                 Goal
                 ,
                 for
                 one
                 year
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 discharged
                 till
                 sufficient
                 Sureties
                 be
                 given
                 for
                 the
                 good
                 behaviour
                 .
              
               
                 II.
                 It
                 is
                 nevertheless
                 provided
                 ,
                 that
                 upon
                 punishment
                 of
                 this
                 Statute
                 the
                 penalty
                 of
                 no
                 other
                 Law
                 be
                 incurred
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   22
                   &
                   23
                   Car.
                   2.
                   cap.
                   25.
                   
                
                 It
                 is
                 Enacted
                 ,
                 That
                 all
                 Lords
                 of
                 Mannours
                 or
                 other
                 Royalties
                 ,
                 not
                 under
                 the
                 degree
                 of
                 an
                 Esquire
                 ,
                 may
                 by
                 Writing
                 under
                 their
                 Hands
                 and
                 Seals
                 ,
                 authorize
                 one
                 or
                 more
                 Game-keepers
                 within
                 their
                 respective
                 Mannours
                 or
                 Royalties
                 ;
                 who
                 being
                 thereunto
                 so
                 authorized
                 ,
                 may
                 take
                 and
                 seize
                 all
                 such
                 Guns
                 ,
                 Bows
                 ,
                 Grey-hounds
                 ,
                 Setting-dogs
                 ,
                 Lurchers
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 Dogs
                 to
                 kill
                 Hares
                 or
                 Coneys
                 ,
                 Ferrets
                 ,
                 Crammels
                 ,
                 Low-bells
                 ,
                 Hayes
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 Dets
                 ,
                 Hare-pipes
                 ,
                 Snares
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 Engines
                 for
                 the
                 taking
                 and
                 killing
                 of
                 Coneys
                 ,
                 Hares
                 ,
                 Pheasants
                 ,
                 Partridges
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 Game
                 ,
                 as
                 within
                 the
                 Precincts
                 of
                 such
                 respective
                 Mannours
                 shall
                 be
                 used
                 by
                 any
                 person
                 or
                 persons
                 who
                 by
                 this
                 Act
                 are
                 prohibited
                 to
                 keep
                 or
                 use
                 the
                 same
                 .
                 And
                 if
                 any
                 person
                 or
                 persons
                 by
                 this
                 Act
                 prohibited
                 to
                 keep
                 or
                 use
                 any
                 Guns
                 ,
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 &c.
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 ,
                 be
                 upon
                 good
                 ground
                 suspected
                 to
                 have
                 
                 or
                 keep
                 in
                 his
                 or
                 their
                 custody
                 ,
                 any
                 Guns
                 ,
                 Bows
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 sort
                 of
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 &c.
                 to
                 destroy
                 Hares
                 ,
                 Coneys
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 Then
                 may
                 the
                 said
                 Game-keeper
                 or
                 Game-keepers
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 person
                 (
                 being
                 thereunto
                 Authorized
                 by
                 Warrant
                 under
                 the
                 Hand
                 and
                 Seal
                 of
                 any
                 Iustice
                 of
                 the
                 Peace
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 County
                 ,
                 Division
                 ,
                 or
                 Place
                 )
                 in
                 the
                 day-time
                 ,
                 search
                 the
                 Houses
                 ,
                 Dut-houses
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 places
                 of
                 such
                 persons
                 so
                 suspected
                 :
                 and
                 if
                 any
                 Gun
                 ,
                 Grey-hound
                 ,
                 Bows
                 ,
                 Setting-dogs
                 ,
                 &c.
                 be
                 there
                 found
                 ,
                 the
                 same
                 he
                 shall
                 seize
                 ,
                 detain
                 ,
                 and
                 keep
                 ,
                 to
                 and
                 for
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 the
                 Lord
                 of
                 the
                 Mannour
                 or
                 Royalty
                 where
                 the
                 same
                 shall
                 be
                 so
                 found
                 or
                 taken
                 ;
                 or
                 otherwise
                 to
                 cut
                 in
                 pieces
                 or
                 destroy
                 ,
                 as
                 things
                 by
                 this
                 Act
                 prohibited
                 to
                 be
                 kept
                 by
                 their
                 degree
                 .
              
               
                 II.
                 None
                 having
                 Lands
                 or
                 Cenements
                 ,
                 or
                 some
                 other
                 Estate
                 of
                 Inheritance
                 in
                 his
                 own
                 or
                 his
                 Wifes
                 right
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 clear
                 value
                 of
                 1001.
                 
                   per
                   ann
                
                 .
                 or
                 for
                 term
                 of
                 life
                 ,
                 or
                 having
                 Lease
                 or
                 Leases
                 of
                 99
                 years
                 at
                 least
                 of
                 the
                 clear
                 value
                 of
                 1501.
                 
                 Nor
                 the
                 Son
                 and
                 heir
                 apparent
                 of
                 an
                 Esquire
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 person
                 of
                 higher
                 degree
                 ,
                 who
                 are
                 hereby
                 declared
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 persons
                 declared
                 by
                 the
                 Laws
                 of
                 this
                 Realm
                 not
                 allowed
                 to
                 have
                 or
                 keep
                 any
                 Guns
                 ,
                 Bows
                 ,
                 Grey-hounds
                 ,
                 Setting-dogs
                 ,
                 ferrets
                 ,
                 Coney-dogs
                 ,
                 Lurchers
                 ,
                 Hays
                 ,
                 Dets
                 ,
                 Low-bells
                 ,
                 Hare-pipes
                 ,
                 Snares
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 Engines
                 aforesaid
                 :
                 But
                 shall
                 be
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 hereby
                 prohibited
                 to
                 have
                 ,
                 keep
                 ,
                 or
                 use
                 the
                 same
                 .
                 All
                 Owners
                 and
                 Keepers
                 of
                 Forests
                 ,
                 Parks
                 ,
                 Warrens
                 ,
                 or
                 Chases
                 ,
                 being
                 stockt
                 with
                 Deer
                 or
                 Coneys
                 for
                 their
                 necessary
                 
                 use
                 ,
                 in
                 respect
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Forests
                 ,
                 Parks
                 ,
                 Warrens
                 ,
                 or
                 Chases
                 are
                 allowed
                 to
                 keep
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 III.
                 None
                 may
                 enter
                 wrongfully
                 into
                 any
                 Warren
                 or
                 ground
                 lawfully
                 used
                 or
                 kept
                 for
                 the
                 breeding
                 or
                 keeping
                 of
                 Coneys
                 ;
                 (
                 although
                 the
                 same
                 be
                 not
                 enclosed
                 )
                 nor
                 take
                 ,
                 kill
                 ,
                 or
                 chase
                 any
                 Coneys
                 there
                 without
                 the
                 consent
                 of
                 the
                 Owner
                 thereof
                 ,
                 not
                 having
                 any
                 lawful
                 Title
                 or
                 Authority
                 so
                 to
                 do
                 ,
                 on
                 pain
                 to
                 yield
                 to
                 the
                 party
                 grieved
                 treble
                 damages
                 and
                 cost
                 ;
                 besides
                 shall
                 suffer
                 three
                 months
                 Imprisonment
                 ,
                 and
                 after
                 till
                 they
                 find
                 Sureties
                 for
                 their
                 good
                 abearing
                 :
                 the
                 person
                 offending
                 being
                 convict
                 by
                 one
                 Witness
                 upon
                 Dath
                 ,
                 or
                 his
                 own
                 confession
                 is
                 sufficient
                 .
              
               
                 IV.
                 No
                 person
                 or
                 persons
                 shall
                 take
                 in
                 the
                 night-time
                 any
                 Coneys
                 upon
                 the
                 borders
                 of
                 any
                 Warren
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 grounds
                 ,
                 lawfully
                 used
                 for
                 the
                 breeding
                 or
                 keeping
                 of
                 any
                 Coneys
                 ,
                 except
                 such
                 as
                 shall
                 be
                 owners
                 of
                 the
                 Soil
                 ,
                 or
                 lawful
                 occupier
                 or
                 possessor
                 of
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 persons
                 employed
                 by
                 him
                 ,
                 her
                 ,
                 or
                 them
                 ,
                 whereon
                 such
                 Coneys
                 shall
                 be
                 so
                 killed
                 or
                 taken
                 ;
                 upon
                 pain
                 that
                 every
                 Offender
                 ,
                 lawfully
                 convict
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 ,
                 shall
                 give
                 the
                 party
                 or
                 parties
                 injured
                 such
                 recompence
                 or
                 satisfaction
                 for
                 his
                 or
                 their
                 damages
                 ,
                 and
                 within
                 such
                 time
                 as
                 shall
                 be
                 appointed
                 by
                 the
                 Justice
                 before
                 whom
                 such
                 Offender
                 shall
                 be
                 convicted
                 ;
                 and
                 over
                 and
                 above
                 pay
                 down
                 presently
                 to
                 the
                 Overseers
                 for
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 the
                 Poor
                 of
                 the
                 Parish
                 where
                 such
                 Offence
                 shall
                 be
                 committed
                 ,
                 such
                 sum
                 of
                 mony
                 ,
                 not
                 exceeding
                 
                   10
                   s.
                
                 as
                 the
                 said
                 Justice
                 shall
                 think
                 meet
                 .
                 And
                 if
                 such
                 Offender
                 or
                 Offenders
                 do
                 not
                 
                 make
                 recompence
                 or
                 satisfaction
                 to
                 the
                 said
                 party
                 or
                 parties
                 injured
                 ,
                 and
                 also
                 pay
                 the
                 said
                 sum
                 to
                 the
                 Poor
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 ;
                 then
                 the
                 said
                 Justice
                 shall
                 commit
                 the
                 said
                 Offender
                 or
                 Offendors
                 to
                 the
                 House
                 of
                 Correction
                 ,
                 for
                 such
                 time
                 as
                 the
                 said
                 Justice
                 shall
                 think
                 fit
                 ,
                 not
                 exceeding
                 one
                 month
                 .
              
               
                 V.
                 Provided
                 that
                 what
                 is
                 mentioned
                 in
                 this
                 Act
                 of
                 
                   22
                   &
                   23
                   Car.
                   2.
                
                 extend
                 not
                 to
                 abridge
                 any
                 Royalty
                 or
                 Prerogative
                 of
                 his
                 Majesty
                 ;
                 nor
                 to
                 abridge
                 ,
                 change
                 ,
                 or
                 alter
                 any
                 Forest-Laws
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 same
                 to
                 be
                 of
                 force
                 ,
                 and
                 remain
                 as
                 if
                 this
                 Act
                 had
                 not
                 been
                 made
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 further
                 Abstract
                 of
                 some
                 Penal
                 LAWS
                 as
                 concern
                 FORESTS
                 ,
                 CHASES
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 I.
                 There
                 shall
                 be
                 three
                 Swainmotes
                 in
                 the
                 Year
                 ,
                 viz.
                 one
                 15
                 days
                 before
                 Michaelmass
                 ;
                 another
                 about
                 Martinmass
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 third
                 15
                 days
                 before
                 Midsummer
                 .
                 At
                 the
                 first
                 two
                 of
                 which
                 none
                 shall
                 appear
                 by
                 distress
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Fosters
                 ,
                 Uerdors
                 ,
                 and
                 Gest-takers
                 ;
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 other
                 onely
                 the
                 Fosters
                 and
                 Uerdors
                 :
                 howbeit
                 the
                 Fosters
                 and
                 Uerdors
                 shall
                 meet
                 every
                 forty
                 days
                 ,
                 to
                 see
                 the
                 Attachment
                 of
                 the
                 Forests
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 for
                 Green-hue
                 ,
                 as
                 Hunting
                 :
                 And
                 the
                 Swainmotes
                 shall
                 not
                 be
                 kept
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 the
                 Counties
                 where
                 they
                 have
                 used
                 to
                 be
                 kept
                 .
              
               
                 II.
                 Lawing
                 of
                 Dogs
                 shall
                 be
                 made
                 in
                 Forests
                 ,
                 from
                 3
                 years
                 to
                 3
                 years
                 by
                 the
                 view
                 and
                 testimony
                 of
                 lawful
                 men
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 otherwise
                 :
                 Howheit
                 such
                 Lawing
                 of
                 Dogs
                 shall
                 not
                 be
                 
                 but
                 where
                 it
                 hath
                 been
                 used
                 from
                 the
                 Coronation
                 of
                 
                   Hen.
                   2d
                
                 .
              
               
                 III.
                 No
                 Foster
                 or
                 Beadie
                 shall
                 make
                 Scotal
                 ,
                 or
                 gather
                 Garhe
                 ,
                 Oats
                 ,
                 Lamb
                 ,
                 or
                 Pig
                 ,
                 but
                 by
                 the
                 sight
                 of
                 the
                 12
                 Rangers
                 when
                 they
                 shall
                 make
                 their
                 Range
                 :
                 And
                 there
                 shall
                 be
                 so
                 many
                 Rangers
                 assigned
                 for
                 the
                 keeping
                 of
                 Forests
                 ,
                 as
                 shall
                 seem
                 reasonably
                 sufficient
                 for
                 the
                 same
                 .
              
               
                 IV.
                 Any
                 person
                 having
                 a
                 Wood
                 in
                 the
                 Forest
                 may
                 agest
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 his
                 pawnage
                 there
                 at
                 his
                 pleasure
                 ;
                 he
                 may
                 also
                 drive
                 his
                 Dogs
                 through
                 the
                 Kings
                 Woods
                 ,
                 or
                 elsewhere
                 for
                 that
                 purpose
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 they
                 ly
                 all
                 night
                 in
                 the
                 Forest
                 ,
                 he
                 shall
                 not
                 be
                 questioned
                 for
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 V.
                 None
                 shall
                 lose
                 Life
                 or
                 Member
                 for
                 killing
                 of
                 Deer
                 ,
                 but
                 shall
                 be
                 fined
                 for
                 it
                 if
                 he
                 have
                 any
                 thing
                 ;
                 if
                 not
                 ,
                 he
                 shall
                 be
                 imprisoned
                 a
                 year
                 and
                 a
                 day
                 :
                 and
                 (
                 if
                 he
                 can
                 find
                 good
                 Sureties
                 )
                 shall
                 then
                 be
                 delivered
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 not
                 ,
                 he
                 shall
                 absure
                 the
                 Realm
                 .
              
               
                 VI.
                 A
                 Peer
                 of
                 the
                 Realm
                 ,
                 being
                 sent
                 for
                 by
                 the
                 King
                 ,
                 in
                 coming
                 and
                 returning
                 may
                 kill
                 a
                 Deer
                 or
                 two
                 in
                 the
                 Forest
                 through
                 which
                 he
                 passeth
                 :
                 howbeit
                 ,
                 it
                 must
                 not
                 be
                 done
                 privily
                 ,
                 but
                 by
                 the
                 view
                 of
                 the
                 Foster
                 ,
                 if
                 present
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 absent
                 ,
                 by
                 causing
                 one
                 ta
                 blow
                 a
                 Norn
                 for
                 him
                 ,
                 lest
                 he
                 seem
                 to
                 steal
                 the
                 Deer
                 .
              
               
                 VII
                 .
                 No
                 Chimage
                 or
                 Coll
                 shall
                 be
                 taken
                 in
                 Forests
                 ,
                 but
                 by
                 a
                 Forester
                 in
                 fee
                 ,
                 that
                 farms
                 his
                 Bailiwick
                 ,
                 and
                 onely
                 of
                 such
                 as
                 buy
                 their
                 Bushes
                 ,
                 Cimber
                 ,
                 Bark
                 ,
                 or
                 Coals
                 ,
                 to
                 sell
                 it
                 again
                 ,
                 
                   viz.
                   2
                   d.
                
                 for
                 a
                 Cart
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   1
                   d.
                
                 for
                 an
                 Dorse
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 taken
                 half-yearly
                 ;
                 and
                 it
                 shall
                 onely
                 he
                 taken
                 where
                 it
                 hath
                 used
                 to
                 
                 be
                 taken
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 elsewhere
                 :
                 Neither
                 shall
                 any
                 Chimage
                 be
                 taken
                 of
                 such
                 as
                 carry
                 burthens
                 of
                 Bushes
                 ,
                 Bark
                 or
                 Coal
                 ,
                 albeit
                 they
                 sell
                 it
                 ,
                 unless
                 they
                 take
                 them
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Kings
                 Demesne
                 Woods
                 .
                 
                   Thus
                   far
                   Charta
                   Foresta
                
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Forester
                 ,
                 Parker
                 ,
                 or
                 Warrener
                 shall
                 not
                 be
                 questioned
                 for
                 killing
                 a
                 Crespasser
                 ,
                 who
                 (
                 after
                 the
                 peace
                 cryed
                 to
                 him
                 )
                 will
                 not
                 yield
                 himself
                 ,
                 so
                 it
                 be
                 not
                 done
                 out
                 of
                 some
                 other
                 former
                 malice
                 .
                 
                   Stat.
                   21
                   Ed.
                   1.
                
                 
              
               
                 No
                 Minister
                 of
                 the
                 Forest
                 shall
                 be
                 put
                 upon
                 any
                 Assize
                 ,
                 Iury
                 ,
                 or
                 Inquest
                 to
                 be
                 taken
                 without
                 the
                 Forest.
                 
                   Ordin
                   .
                   Forestae
                
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   1
                   Ed.
                   3.
                   cap.
                   8.
                   
                
                 None
                 shall
                 be
                 taken
                 or
                 Imprisoned
                 for
                 Uert
                 or
                 Uenison
                 ,
                 unless
                 he
                 be
                 taken
                 with
                 the
                 manner
                 ,
                 or
                 else
                 indicted
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Stat.
                   34.
                   
                   Ed.
                   1.
                
                 
                 And
                 then
                 the
                 Warden
                 of
                 the
                 Forest
                 shall
                 take
                 him
                 to
                 Mainprise
                 ,
                 until
                 the
                 Eyre
                 of
                 the
                 Forest
                 ,
                 without
                 taking
                 any
                 thing
                 for
                 his
                 deliberance
                 .
                 And
                 if
                 the
                 Warden
                 will
                 not
                 so
                 do
                 ,
                 he
                 shall
                 have
                 a
                 Writ
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Chancery
                 of
                 Old
                 ordained
                 for
                 persons
                 indicted
                 to
                 be
                 bailed
                 till
                 the
                 Eyre
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   1
                   Ed.
                   3.
                   cap.
                   2.
                   
                
                 Any
                 man
                 having
                 Wood
                 within
                 the
                 Forest
                 ,
                 may
                 take
                 Horse-boot
                 and
                 Hay-boot
                 in
                 his
                 said
                 Wood
                 ,
                 without
                 being
                 Attached
                 for
                 the
                 same
                 by
                 the
                 Ministers
                 of
                 the
                 Forest
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 it
                 be
                 done
                 by
                 the
                 view
                 of
                 the
                 Foresters
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   7.
                   
                   R.
                   2.
                   cap.
                   4.
                   
                
                 No
                 Officer
                 of
                 the
                 Forest
                 shall
                 take
                 or
                 imprison
                 any
                 without
                 due
                 Indictment
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   per
                   main
                   ouvre
                
                 (
                 with
                 his
                 hand
                 at
                 the
                 work
                 )
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 being
                 taken
                 with
                 the
                 manner
                 ,
                 or
                 trespassing
                 in
                 the
                 Forest
                 ;
                 nor
                 shall
                 constrain
                 any
                 to
                 make
                 Obligation
                 or
                 
                 Ransome
                 against
                 his
                 will
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Assise
                 of
                 the
                 Forest
                 ,
                 in
                 pain
                 to
                 pay
                 the
                 party
                 grieved
                 double
                 damages
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 be
                 ransomed
                 at
                 the
                 King's
                 will.
                 
              
               
                 
                   16
                   &
                   17
                   Car.
                   cap.
                   16.
                   
                
                 An
                 Act
                 for
                 the
                 certainty
                 of
                 Forests
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 Meers
                 ,
                 limits
                 and
                 bounds
                 thereof
                 :
                 
                   See
                   the
                   Statute
                   at
                   large
                
                 .
              
               
                 
                   17
                   Car.
                   cap.
                   16.
                
                 
                 No
                 place
                 within
                 England
                 or
                 Wales
                 ,
                 where
                 no
                 Justice
                 Seat
                 ,
                 Swainmote
                 ,
                 Court
                 ,
                 or
                 Attachment
                 hath
                 been
                 made
                 ,
                 or
                 Uindosers
                 chosen
                 ,
                 or
                 Regard
                 made
                 within
                 20
                 years
                 ,
                 shall
                 be
                 accounted
                 Forest.
                 
              
               
                 II.
                 Tenants
                 and
                 Owners
                 of
                 all
                 excluded
                 Land
                 ,
                 shall
                 enjoy
                 their
                 common
                 and
                 other
                 profits
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   20.
                   
                   Car.
                   2.
                   cap.
                   3.
                   
                
                 Ten
                 Thousand
                 Acres
                 of
                 waste
                 Lands
                 in
                 the
                 Forest
                 of
                 Dean
                 shall
                 be
                 enclosed
                 ,
                 and
                 kept
                 in
                 severalty
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 growth
                 and
                 preservation
                 of
                 Timber
                 ;
                 and
                 be
                 under
                 the
                 regard
                 and
                 Government
                 of
                 Forest
                 Law.
                 
              
            
             
               FINIS
               .
            
          
           
             
               
               
                 THE
                 GENTLEMAN's
                 Recreation
                 :
                 BEING
                 A
                 TREATISE
                 OF
                 HAWKING
                 AND
                 Faulconry
                 .
                 Fitted
                 for
                 the
                 Delight
                 and
                 Pleasure
                 of
                 all
                 Noblemen
                 and
                 Gentlemen
                 .
                 Collected
                 from
                 Ancient
                 and
                 Modern
                 Authors
                 ,
                 and
                 Rectified
                 by
                 the
                 Experience
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 Skilful
                 Artists
                 of
                 these
                 Times
                 .
                 With
                 an
                 Abstract
                 of
                 such
                 Statute-Laws
                 as
                 concern
                 this
                 Recreation
                 .
              
               
                 
                   The
                   Second
                   Part.
                
                 
              
               
                 London
                 :
                 Printed
                 by
                 
                   J
                   C.
                
                 and
                 
                   F.
                   C.
                
                 for
                 
                   N.
                   C.
                
                 
              
            
             
             
             
               
                 OF
                 HAWKING
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Introduction
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Element
                 wherein
                 the
                 Faulconer
                 useth
                 to
                 trade
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Air
                 ;
                 and
                 though
                 he
                 dealeth
                 sometimes
                 in
                 the
                 Water
                 ,
                 yet
                 he
                 prefers
                 the
                 Air
                 before
                 it
                 ,
                 that
                 yielding
                 him
                 most
                 Recreation
                 ;
                 for
                 it
                 is
                 unable
                 to
                 stop
                 the
                 high
                 soaring
                 of
                 his
                 generous
                 Faulcon
                 :
                 in
                 it
                 she
                 flies
                 to
                 such
                 a
                 height
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 being
                 lost
                 to
                 the
                 sight
                 of
                 Mortals
                 ,
                 she
                 seems
                 to
                 converse
                 with
                 Heaven
                 alone
                 ;
                 and
                 ,
                 like
                 Icarus
                 ,
                 endangers
                 her
                 Wings
                 to
                 be
                 scorcht
                 by
                 the
                 Sun-beams
                 ;
                 and
                 yet
                 is
                 fearless
                 ,
                 cutting
                 the
                 fluid
                 Air
                 with
                 her
                 nimble
                 Pinions
                 ,
                 making
                 her
                 High-way
                 over
                 the
                 steepest
                 Mountains
                 and
                 deepest
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 her
                 lofty
                 career
                 looks
                 down
                 with
                 a
                 seeming
                 contempt
                 on
                 the
                 greatest
                 Glories
                 we
                 most
                 estimate
                 :
                 and
                 yet
                 such
                 is
                 her
                 Loyalty
                 and
                 Obedience
                 to
                 her
                 Master
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 word
                 from
                 his
                 mouth
                 shall
                 make
                 her
                 stoop
                 and
                 condescend
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 Element
                 of
                 Air
                 is
                 not
                 onely
                 to
                 be
                 praised
                 for
                 the
                 Recreation
                 it
                 affords
                 the
                 Faulconers
                 ,
                 but
                 for
                 its
                 Usefulness
                 to
                 all
                 ,
                 no
                 creature
                 being
                 in
                 a
                 condition
                 to
                 live
                 without
                 it
                 :
                 for
                 if
                 the
                 inspiring
                 or
                 expiring
                 Organ
                 of
                 any
                 
                 creature
                 be
                 stopt
                 ,
                 it
                 must
                 speedily
                 die
                 ,
                 and
                 pay
                 the
                 Debt
                 that
                 's
                 due
                 to
                 Nature
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 as
                 this
                 Element
                 justly
                 merits
                 praise
                 ,
                 so
                 do
                 its
                 wing'd
                 Inhabitants
                 ,
                 both
                 feeding
                 and
                 refreshing
                 Mankind
                 :
                 with
                 their
                 Bodies
                 they
                 perform
                 the
                 first
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 latter
                 with
                 their
                 harmonious
                 Voices
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 number
                 of
                 Heaven's
                 airy
                 Quire
                 is
                 so
                 great
                 ,
                 I
                 cannot
                 here
                 well
                 enumerate
                 them
                 ;
                 yet
                 I
                 must
                 not
                 pass
                 by
                 these
                 nimble
                 Musicians
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 which
                 warble
                 forth
                 such
                 curious
                 Notes
                 as
                 puzzle
                 Art
                 to
                 imitate
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 mean
                 to
                 speak
                 of
                 few
                 ,
                 and
                 first
                 of
                 the
                 Lark
                 :
                 When
                 she
                 means
                 to
                 recreate
                 her self
                 and
                 hearers
                 ,
                 she
                 quits
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 and
                 sings
                 as
                 she
                 ascends
                 ;
                 and
                 having
                 made
                 an
                 end
                 of
                 her
                 heavenly
                 Ditty
                 ,
                 she
                 seems
                 to
                 swound
                 to
                 think
                 she
                 must
                 descend
                 again
                 unto
                 the
                 dull
                 Earth
                 ,
                 which
                 she
                 would
                 scorn
                 to
                 tread
                 but
                 for
                 necessity
                 .
              
               
                 Again
                 ,
                 observe
                 how
                 the
                 Black-bird
                 and
                 the
                 Thrush
                 contend
                 who
                 shall
                 with
                 their
                 unimitable
                 Voices
                 bid
                 the
                 best
                 welcome
                 to
                 the
                 fragrant
                 Spring
                 .
              
               
                 Nor
                 doth
                 the
                 Nightingale
                 come
                 short
                 in
                 breathing
                 out
                 her
                 loud
                 Musick
                 through
                 the
                 small
                 Organ
                 of
                 her
                 Throat
                 .
                 How
                 have
                 I
                 oft
                 admired
                 in
                 a
                 still
                 night
                 the
                 clearness
                 of
                 her
                 Airs
                 ,
                 the
                 sweetness
                 of
                 her
                 Descants
                 ,
                 her
                 natural
                 Risings
                 and
                 Fallings
                 ,
                 her
                 Doublings
                 and
                 Redoublings
                 !
              
               
                 Much
                 more
                 might
                 be
                 said
                 of
                 these
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 shall
                 wave
                 ,
                 being
                 a
                 digression
                 from
                 my
                 purpose
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 to
                 treat
                 of
                 another
                 Bird
                 of
                 Pleasure
                 ,
                 viz.
                 the
                 Hawk
              
               
                 HEre
                 note
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Hawk
                 is
                 distinguished
                 into
                 two
                 kindes
                 ;
                 the
                 Long-winged
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Short-winged
                   Hawk
                
                 .
              
               
               
                 Of
                 the
                 first
                 kind
                 there
                 are
                 these
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 here
                 amongst
                 us
                 most
                 in
                 use
                 :
                 
                   
                     The
                     Gerfaulcon
                     and
                     Jerkin
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Faulcon
                     and
                     Tiercel-gentle
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Lanner
                     and
                     Lanneret
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Bockerel
                     and
                     Bockeret
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Saker
                     and
                     Sakaret
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Merlin
                     and
                     Jack-merlin
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Hobby
                     and
                     Jack
                     ,
                  
                   
                     The
                     Stelletto
                     of
                     Spain
                     ,
                  
                   
                     The
                     bloud-red
                     Rook
                     of
                     Turkie
                     ,
                  
                   
                     The
                     Waskite
                     from
                     Virginia
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 
                   Short-winged
                   Hawks
                
                 there
                 are
                 these
                 :
                 
                   
                     The
                     Eagle
                     and
                     Iron
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Goshawk
                     and
                     Tiercel
                     ,
                  
                   
                     The
                     Sparrow-hawk
                     and
                     Musket
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Two
                     sorts
                     of
                     the
                     
                       French
                       Pie.
                    
                     
                  
                
              
               
                 Of
                 inferiour
                 sort
                 there
                 are
                 these
                 :
                 
                   
                     The
                     Stanyel
                     or
                     Ring-tail
                     ,
                  
                   
                     The
                     Raven
                     and
                     Buzzard
                     ,
                  
                   
                     The
                     
                       Forked
                       Kite
                    
                     and
                     bold
                     Buzzard
                     ,
                  
                   
                     The
                     Hen-driver
                     ,
                     &c.
                     
                  
                
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 expected
                 that
                 we
                 should
                 treat
                 of
                 all
                 these
                 and
                 many
                 others
                 bearing
                 different
                 Names
                 ,
                 but
                 onely
                 such
                 which
                 are
                 most
                 in
                 use
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 I
                 shall
                 regularly
                 treat
                 concerning
                 their
                 Eyries
                 ,
                 Mewings
                 ,
                 Castings
                 ,
                 Renovation
                 of
                 Feathers
                 ,
                 &c.
                 with
                 their
                 Reclaiming
                 ,
                 Dieting
                 ,
                 Diseases
                 ,
                 Cures
                 ,
                 and
                 Method
                 of
                 Practice
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 Terms
                 of
                 Art
                 in
                 Faulconry
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 were
                 used
                 by
                 Ancient
                 Faulconers
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 now
                 by
                 Modern
                 Practitioners
                 ,
                 with
                 their
                 Explanations
                 .
              
               
                 
                   THe
                   Age
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   :
                   
                     
                       The
                       first
                       year
                       ,
                       a
                       Soarage
                       .
                    
                     
                       The
                       second
                       year
                       ,
                       an
                       Enterview
                       .
                    
                     
                       The
                       third
                       year
                       ,
                       a
                       
                         White
                         Hawk
                      
                       .
                    
                     
                       The
                       fourth
                       year
                       ,
                       a
                       
                         Hawk
                         of
                         the
                         first
                         Coat
                      
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   Arms
                   ,
                   are
                   the
                   Legs
                   from
                   the
                   Thigh
                   to
                   the
                   Foot.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   Bate
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   fluttereth
                   with
                   her
                   Wings
                   either
                   from
                   Pearch
                   to
                   Fist
                   ,
                   as
                   it
                   were
                   striving
                   to
                   get
                   away
                   .
                
                 
                   Bathing
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   washeth
                   her self
                   at
                   home
                   or
                   abroad
                   .
                
                 
                   Beak
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   upper
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Bill
                   that
                   is
                   crooked
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Beam
                     Feathers
                  
                   ,
                   are
                   the
                   long
                   Feathers
                   of
                   the
                   Hawk
                   Wings
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Beavy
                     of
                     Quails
                  
                   ,
                   are
                   a
                   brood
                   of
                   young
                   Quails
                   .
                
                 
                   Bewits
                   ,
                   are
                   the
                   Leathers
                   with
                   Bells
                   buttoned
                   about
                   the
                   Hawks
                   Legs
                   .
                
                 
                   Binding
                   ,
                   is
                   tyring
                   ,
                   or
                   when
                   a
                   Hawk
                   seizeth
                   .
                
                 
                   Bowet
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   a
                   young
                   Hawk
                   draws
                   any
                   thing
                   out
                   of
                   her
                   Nest
                   ,
                   and
                   covets
                   to
                   clamber
                   on
                   the
                   bowes
                   .
                
                 
                   Bowsing
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   drinks
                   often
                   ,
                   and
                   yet
                   continually
                   thirsteth
                   for
                   more
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Branch
                     or
                     Stand
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   make
                   the
                   Hawk
                   leap
                   from
                   Tree
                   to
                   Tree
                   till
                   the
                   Dog
                   springs
                   the
                   Partridge
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Brancher
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   young
                   Hawk
                   newly
                   taken
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Nest.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   Cadge
                   ,
                   is
                   that
                   circular
                   piece
                   of
                   Wood
                   on
                   which
                   Hawks
                   are
                   carried
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   exposed
                   to
                   sale
                   .
                
                 
                   Canceleer
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   a
                   high-flown
                   Hawk
                   in
                   her
                   stooping
                   turneth
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   times
                   upon
                   the
                   wing
                   ,
                   to
                   recover
                   her self
                   before
                   she
                   seizeth
                   .
                
                 
                   Carry
                   ,
                   is
                   flying
                   away
                   with
                   the
                   Quarry
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Cast
                     your
                     Hawk
                     to
                     the
                     Pearch
                     ,
                  
                   is
                   to
                   put
                   your
                   Hawk
                   on
                   the
                   Pearch
                   .
                
                 
                   Casting
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   you
                   give
                   your
                   Hawk
                   any
                   thing
                   to
                   cleanse
                   and
                   purge
                   her
                   Gorge
                   .
                
                 
                   Carvist
                   ;
                   a
                   Hawk
                   may
                   be
                   so
                   called
                   at
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   the
                   year
                   ,
                   and
                   signifies
                   as
                   much
                   as
                   to
                   carry
                   on
                   the
                   Fist.
                   
                
                 
                   Catarast
                   ,
                   a
                   Disease
                   in
                   Hawks
                   so
                   called
                   .
                
                 
                   Cauterizing-Irons
                   ,
                   are
                   Irons
                   to
                   sear
                   with
                   .
                
                 
                   Cawking-time
                   ,
                   is
                   Treading-time
                   .
                
                 
                   Crabbing
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   standing
                   too
                   near
                   ,
                   fight
                   with
                   one
                   another
                   .
                
                 
                   Creance
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   fine
                   small
                   long
                   Line
                   of
                   strong
                   and
                   evenwound
                   Pack-thread
                   which
                   is
                   fastned
                   to
                   the
                   Hawk's
                   Lease
                   or
                   Leash
                   when
                   she
                   is
                   first
                   Lured
                   .
                
                 
                   Check
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   forsakes
                   her
                   proper
                   Game
                   to
                   fly
                   at
                   Pies
                   ,
                   Crows
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   like
                   ,
                   crossing
                   her
                   in
                   her
                   flight
                   .
                
                 
                   Clap
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   nether
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Hawk's
                   Beak
                   .
                
                 
                   Coping-Irons
                   ,
                   are
                   used
                   in
                   coping
                   or
                   paring
                   the
                   Hawks
                   Beak
                   ,
                   Pounces
                   ,
                   or
                   Talons
                   ,
                   when
                   over-grown
                   .
                
                 
                   Cowring
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   young
                   Hawks
                   quiver
                   and
                   shake
                   their
                   Wings
                   ,
                   in
                   testimony
                   of
                   obedience
                   towards
                   the
                   old
                   ones
                   .
                
                 
                   Crinets
                   ,
                   are
                   the
                   small
                   black
                   Feathers
                   like
                   Hairs
                   about
                   the
                   Sere
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Disclosed
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   young
                   just
                   peep
                   through
                   the
                   shell
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Dropping
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   muteth
                   directly
                   downward
                   in
                   several
                   drops
                   ,
                   not
                   yerking
                   it
                   streight
                   forwards
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Endew
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   digesteth
                   her
                   meat
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   not
                   onely
                   dischargeth
                   her
                   Gorge
                   thereof
                   ,
                   but
                   likewise
                   cleanseth
                   her
                   Pannel
                   .
                
                 
                   Enseame
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   purging
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   of
                   her
                   glut
                   and
                   Grease
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Enter
                     a
                     Hawk
                  
                   is
                   when
                   she
                   first
                   begins
                   to
                   kill
                   .
                
                 
                   Eyess
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   young
                   Hawk
                   newly
                   taken
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Nest
                   ,
                   not
                   able
                   to
                   prey
                   for
                   himself
                   .
                
                 
                   Eyrie
                   ,
                   is
                   that
                   place
                   where
                   Hawks
                   build
                   ,
                   and
                   hatch
                   their
                   young
                   .
                
                 
                   Feaking
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   wipeth
                   her
                   Beak
                   after
                   feeding
                   .
                
                 
                   Filanders
                   ,
                   a
                   sort
                   of
                   little
                   red
                   Worms
                   that
                   usually
                   breed
                   in
                   Hawks
                   .
                
                 
                   Flags
                   ,
                   Feathers
                   next
                   the
                   principal
                   Feathers
                   in
                   the
                   Hawk's
                   Wing
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Fly
                     on
                     head
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   missing
                   her
                   Quarry
                   ,
                   and
                   betaking
                   her self
                   to
                   the
                   next
                   Check
                   ,
                   as
                   Crows
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   Formale
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Female
                   -
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Formica
                   ,
                   a
                   Disease
                   in
                   Hawks
                   so
                   called
                   .
                
                 
                   Frounce
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   Disease
                   common
                   in
                   the
                   Mouth
                   or
                   Throat
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Gleam
                   ,
                   after
                   a
                   Hawk
                   hath
                   cast
                   ,
                   she
                   Gleamith
                   ,
                   or
                   throweth
                   up
                   filth
                   from
                   her
                   Gorge
                   .
                
                 
                   Glut
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   slimy
                   substance
                   that
                   lies
                   in
                   the
                   Hawks
                   Pannel
                   .
                
                 
                   Gorge
                   ,
                   is
                   called
                   in
                   other
                   Fowl
                   the
                   Craw
                   or
                   Crop.
                   
                
                 
                   Gurgiting
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   she
                   is
                   stust
                   and
                   suffecated
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Hack
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   the
                   Hawk's
                   Meat
                   is
                   laid
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   
                     Hawk
                     keeps
                     her
                     mark
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   she
                   wait
                   at
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   she
                   lays
                   in
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   like
                   ,
                   until
                   it
                   be
                   retrived
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Hern
                     at
                     seidge
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   you
                   find
                   a
                   Hern
                   standing
                   by
                   the
                   water-side
                   watching
                   for
                   Prey
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   like
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Jack
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Male
                   -
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Jesses
                   ,
                   are
                   those
                   short
                   straps
                   of
                   Leather
                   which
                   are
                   sastned
                   to
                   the
                   Hawks
                   Legs
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   to
                   the
                   Lease
                   or
                   Leash
                   by
                   Varvails
                   ,
                   and
                   such-like
                   .
                
                 
                   Imp
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   insert
                   a
                   Feather
                   into
                   the
                   Wing
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   in
                   the
                   place
                   of
                   one
                   that
                   is
                   broken
                   .
                
                 
                   Inke
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Neck
                   from
                   the
                   Head
                   to
                   the
                   Body
                   of
                   any
                   Bird
                   which
                   the
                   Hawk
                   doth
                   prey
                   upon
                   .
                
                 
                   Intermewing
                   ,
                   is
                   from
                   the
                   first
                   exchange
                   of
                   the
                   Hawks
                   Coat
                   ,
                   till
                   she
                   turn
                   white
                   :
                   and
                   this
                   is
                   so
                   called
                   from
                   the
                   first
                   Mewing
                   .
                
                 
                   Jouketh
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   she
                   sleepeth
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Luce
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   when
                   a
                   young
                   Hawk
                   is
                   called
                   by
                   the
                   Faulconer
                   thereunto
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   made
                   of
                   Feathers
                   and
                   Leather
                   not
                   much
                   unlike
                   a
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   casteth
                   up
                   into
                   the
                   Air.
                   
                
                 
                   Lease
                   or
                   Leash
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   small
                   long
                   thong
                   of
                   Leather
                   by
                   which
                   the
                   Faulconer
                   holdeth
                   his
                   Hawk
                   fast
                   ,
                   folding
                   it
                   many
                   times
                   about
                   his
                   Finger
                   .
                
                 
                   Lean
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   holds
                   in
                   to
                   you
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     A
                     Make-Hawk
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   an
                   old
                   Staunch
                   -
                   Hawk
                   which
                   used
                   to
                   fly
                   ,
                   will
                   easily
                   instruct
                   a
                   young
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Managing
                     a
                     Hawk
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   use
                   her
                   with
                   Art
                   and
                   Skill
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Make
                     out
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   goes
                   forth
                   at
                   Check
                   .
                
                 
                   Mailes
                   ,
                   are
                   the
                   Breast-feathers
                   .
                
                 
                   Manning
                   ,
                   is
                   making
                   a
                   Hawk
                   to
                   endure
                   company
                   .
                
                 
                   Mantleth
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   stretcheth
                   one
                   of
                   her
                   Wings
                   after
                   her
                   Legs
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   the
                   other
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Mew
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   you
                   set
                   down
                   your
                   Hawk
                   during
                   the
                   time
                   she
                   raiseth
                   her
                   Feathers
                   .
                
                 
                   Muting
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Excrements
                   or
                   Dung
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   it
                   is
                   of
                   a
                   Hern.
                   
                
                 
                   Mites
                   ,
                   are
                   a
                   sort
                   of
                   Vermin
                   that
                   trouble
                   the
                   Head
                   and
                   Nares
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Nares
                   ,
                   are
                   the
                   little
                   holes
                   in
                   a
                   Hawk's
                   Beak
                   .
                
                 
                   Pearch
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Hawk's
                   resting-place
                   when
                   she
                   is
                   off
                   the
                   Faulconers
                   Fist.
                   
                
                 
                   Pelt
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   dead
                   body
                   of
                   any
                   Fowl
                   the
                   Hawk
                   hath
                   killed
                   .
                
                 
                   Pill
                   or
                   Pelf
                   ,
                   is
                   what
                   the
                   Hawk
                   hath
                   left
                   of
                   her
                   prey
                   after
                   she
                   is
                   relieved
                   .
                
                 
                   Plume
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   general
                   mixture
                   of
                   Feathers
                   and
                   Colours
                   by
                   which
                   the
                   Constitution
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   is
                   known
                   .
                
                 
                   Plumage
                   ,
                   are
                   small
                   Feathers
                   given
                   the
                   Hawk
                   to
                   make
                   her
                   cast
                   .
                
                 
                   Pluming
                   ,
                   is
                   after
                   the
                   Hawk
                   hath
                   seized
                   her
                   Prey
                   ,
                   and
                   dismantles
                   it
                   of
                   the
                   Feathers
                   .
                
                 
                   Pannel
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Pipe
                   next
                   the
                   Fundament
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   where
                   she
                   digesteth
                   her
                   meat
                   from
                   her
                   body
                   .
                
                 
                   Pantas
                   ,
                   a
                   Disease
                   in
                   Hawks
                   so
                   called
                   .
                
                 
                   Pendant-Feathers
                   ,
                   those
                   Feathers
                   behind
                   the
                   Thigh
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Petty-singles
                   ,
                   arethe
                   Toes
                   of
                   the
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Pounces
                   ,
                   are
                   the
                   Claws
                   of
                   the
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Principal-Feathers
                   ,
                   are
                   the
                   two
                   longest
                   Feathers
                   in
                   the
                   Hawk's
                   Wings
                   .
                
                 
                   Pruneth
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   picketh
                   her self
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Put
                     over
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   a
                   Hawk
                   removeth
                   her
                   Meat
                   from
                   the
                   Gorge
                   into
                   her
                   Bowels
                   ,
                   by
                   traversing
                   with
                   her
                   Body
                   ,
                   but
                   chiefly
                   with
                   her
                   Neck
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Quarry
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Fowl
                   which
                   the
                   Hawk
                   flies
                   at
                   dead
                   or
                   alive
                   .
                
              
               
               
                 
                   Raised
                   in
                   flesh
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   a
                   Hawk
                   grows
                   fat
                   .
                
                 
                   Rake
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   flies
                   out
                   too
                   far
                   from
                   the
                   Fowl.
                   
                
                 
                   Ramage
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   a
                   Hawk
                   is
                   wild
                   ,
                   and
                   difficult
                   to
                   be
                   reclaimed
                   .
                
                 
                   Rangle
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   we
                   give
                   a
                   Hawk
                   Gravel
                   to
                   bring
                   her
                   to
                   her
                   Stomach
                   .
                
                 
                   Retrive
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   Partridges
                   ,
                   having
                   been
                   sprung
                   ,
                   are
                   to
                   find
                   again
                   .
                
                 
                   Rouze
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   a
                   Hawk
                   lifteth
                   her self
                   up
                   and
                   shaketh
                   her self
                   .
                
                 
                   Ruff
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   hits
                   the
                   Prey
                   ,
                   and
                   yet
                   not
                   trusses
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   Rufter-hood
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   plain
                   and
                   easie
                   Leather-hood
                   ,
                   being
                   large
                   ,
                   wide
                   ,
                   and
                   open
                   behind
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   worn
                   by
                   a
                   Hawk
                   when
                   you
                   first
                   draw
                   her
                   .
                
                 
                   Reclaim
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Hawk
                   tame
                   ,
                   gentle
                   ,
                   and
                   familiar
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Sails
                   ,
                   are
                   the
                   Wings
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   :
                
                 
                   Sear
                   or
                   Sere
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   yellow
                   between
                   the
                   Beak
                   and
                   Eyes
                   of
                   the
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Seeling
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   a
                   Hawk
                   first
                   taken
                   is
                   so
                   blinded
                   with
                   a
                   Thread
                   run
                   through
                   the
                   Eye-lids
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   sees
                   not
                   ,
                   or
                   very
                   little
                   ,
                   the
                   better
                   to
                   make
                   her
                   endure
                   the
                   Hood
                   .
                
                 
                   Seizing
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   a
                   Hawk
                   gripes
                   her
                   Prey
                   ,
                   or
                   any
                   thing
                   else
                   ,
                   fast
                   within
                   her
                   Foot.
                   
                
                 
                   
                     Setting
                     down
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   is
                   put
                   into
                   the
                   Mew
                   .
                
                 
                   Slice
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   a
                   Hawk
                   muteth
                   a
                   great
                   distance
                   from
                   her
                   .
                
                 
                   Sliming
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   a
                   Hawk
                   muteth
                   without
                   dropping
                   .
                
                 
                   Sniting
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   a
                   Hawk
                   as
                   it
                   were
                   sneezeth
                   .
                
                 
                   Soar-hawk
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   from
                   the
                   first
                   taking
                   her
                   from
                   the
                   Eyries
                   till
                   she
                   hath
                   Mewed
                   her
                   Feathers
                   .
                
                 
                   Spring
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   any
                   Partridge
                   or
                   Pheasant
                   rise
                   .
                
                 
                   Stooping
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   is
                   aloft
                   upon
                   her
                   Wing
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   descends
                   to
                   strike
                   her
                   Prey
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Summ'd
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   is
                   in
                   all
                   her
                   Plumes
                   .
                
                 
                   Swivel
                   ,
                   is
                   that
                   which
                   keepeth
                   a
                   Hawk
                   from
                   twisting
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Tiercel
                   or
                   Tassel
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Male
                   -
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Tiring
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   you
                   give
                   your
                   Hawk
                   a
                   Leg
                   or
                   Pinion
                   of
                   a
                   Pullet
                   ,
                   Pidgeon
                   ,
                   &c.
                   to
                   pluck
                   at
                   .
                
                 
                   Train
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Tail
                   of
                   the
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Trassing
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   she
                   raiseth
                   any
                   Fowl
                   aloft
                   ,
                   and
                   soaring
                   with
                   it
                   ,
                   at
                   length
                   descendeth
                   with
                   it
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Varvels
                   ,
                   little
                   Rings
                   of
                   Silver
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   Jesses
                   ,
                   whereon
                   the
                   owners
                   of
                   the
                   Hawk
                   have
                   their
                   Names
                   ingraven
                   .
                
                 
                   Unreclaimed
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   a
                   Hawk
                   is
                   wild
                   .
                
                 
                   Unseeling
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   you
                   take
                   away
                   a
                   Thread
                   that
                   runs
                   through
                   the
                   Hawks
                   Eye-lids
                   ,
                   and
                   hinders
                   her
                   sight
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Unstrike
                     the
                     hood
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   draw
                   the
                   Strings
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   may
                   be
                   in
                   a
                   readiness
                   to
                   pull
                   off
                   .
                
                 
                   Unsumm'd
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   the
                   Feathers
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   are
                   not
                   fully
                   grown
                   .
                
                 
                   Urines
                   ,
                   are
                   Nets
                   to
                   catch
                   Hawks
                   withal
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Warbling
                   ,
                   is
                   after
                   a
                   Hawk
                   hath
                   mantled
                   her self
                   she
                   crosses
                   her
                   Wings
                   together
                   over
                   her
                   Back
                   .
                
                 
                   Weathering
                   ,
                   is
                   when
                   you
                   air
                   your
                   Hawk
                   in
                   Frost
                   ,
                   Sun
                   ,
                   or
                   by
                   the
                   Fire-side
                   .
                
                 
                   Whur
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   rising
                   and
                   fluttering
                   of
                   Partridge
                   or
                   Pheasant
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 The
                 Names
                 and
                 Natures
                 of
                 Hawks
                 in
                 general
                 :
                 and
                 first
                 of
                 the
                 Haggard-Faulcon
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 Begin
                 with
                 the
                 Haggard-Faulcon
                 ,
                 since
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 Hawk
                 which
                 most
                 men
                 now-a-days
                 covet
                 ,
                 to
                 fit
                 and
                 prepare
                 for
                 their
                 delight
                 and
                 pleasure
                 ;
                 although
                 heretofore
                 I
                 hear
                 less
                 spoken
                 of
                 her
                 praise
                 by
                 the
                 Antients
                 than
                 she
                 deserves
                 .
              
               
                 Some
                 of
                 old
                 have
                 preferred
                 the
                 Faulcon-gentle
                 for
                 mettle
                 and
                 courage
                 ,
                 being
                 of
                 a
                 loving
                 disposition
                 ,
                 strong
                 and
                 daring
                 ,
                 and
                 hardy
                 in
                 all
                 seasons
                 ;
                 and
                 by
                 a
                 mere
                 mistake
                 have
                 undervalued
                 the
                 Haggard-faulcon
                 ,
                 condemning
                 her
                 as
                 being
                 a
                 Bird
                 too
                 tender
                 to
                 endure
                 rough
                 and
                 boisterous
                 weather
                 .
              
               
                 Experience
                 confutes
                 this
                 Opinion
                 ,
                 she
                 being
                 known
                 to
                 be
                 able
                 to
                 endure
                 as
                 much
                 the
                 extremity
                 of
                 weather
                 ,
                 or
                 more
                 than
                 the
                 
                   Tiercel
                   ,
                   Faulcon-gentle
                
                 ,
                 or
                 most
                 other
                 Hawks
                 whatsoever
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 she
                 shall
                 first
                 take
                 place
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Haggard-faulcon
                 ,
                 wild
                 ,
                 and
                 unreclaimed
                 ,
                 takes
                 a
                 large
                 liberty
                 to
                 her self
                 for
                 her
                 abode
                 ,
                 either
                 by
                 Sea
                 or
                 Land
                 ;
                 and
                 is
                 so
                 absolute
                 in
                 her
                 power
                 ,
                 that
                 where-ever
                 she
                 comes
                 ,
                 all
                 flying
                 Fowl
                 stoop
                 under
                 her
                 subjection
                 .
                 Nay
                 ,
                 the
                 Tiercel-gentle
                 ,
                 although
                 her
                 natural
                 companion
                 ,
                 dares
                 not
                 sit
                 by
                 her
                 or
                 come
                 near
                 her
                 residence
                 but
                 in
                 cawking-time
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 in
                 the
                 Spring
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 for
                 procreation
                 sake
                 ,
                 she
                 will
                 admit
                 him
                 to
                 come
                 near
                 her
                 with
                 submission
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 manifests
                 by
                 bowing
                 his
                 head
                 at
                 his
                 approach
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 calling
                 and
                 cowring
                 with
                 his
                 Wings
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 young
                 ones
                 do
                 ,
                 in
                 testimony
                 how
                 fearful
                 he
                 is
                 of
                 incurring
                 her
                 displeasure
                 .
              
               
                 Whilst
                 she
                 is
                 very
                 young
                 (
                 and
                 so
                 will
                 a
                 Passenger-Soar-faulcon
                 )
                 
                 she
                 will
                 prey
                 upon
                 Birds
                 which
                 are
                 too
                 big
                 to
                 encounter
                 withal
                 ;
                 and
                 this
                 she
                 doth
                 for
                 want
                 of
                 understanding
                 :
                 and
                 she
                 continues
                 this
                 rashness
                 and
                 folly
                 ,
                 till
                 experience
                 and
                 a
                 sound
                 beating
                 have
                 reclaimed
                 her
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Haggard
                   faulcon
                
                 will
                 prey
                 on
                 any
                 other
                 Fowl
                 she
                 can
                 meet
                 with
                 advantageously
                 ,
                 especially
                 tame
                 Pidgeons
                 ,
                 or
                 such
                 as
                 belong
                 to
                 a
                 Dove-house
                 ;
                 for
                 these
                 they
                 frequently
                 meet
                 withal
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 Hawk
                 is
                 an
                 incessant
                 Pains-taker
                 ;
                 no
                 weather
                 discourageth
                 her
                 from
                 her
                 Game
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 onely
                 wherein
                 no
                 Fowl
                 can
                 well
                 stir
                 abroad
                 to
                 seek
                 for
                 sustenance
                 ;
                 otherwise
                 she
                 is
                 continually
                 working
                 ,
                 either
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 or
                 elsewhere
                 ,
                 unless
                 she
                 stoop
                 and
                 miss
                 of
                 her
                 Prey
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 she
                 will
                 rest
                 a
                 little
                 ,
                 to
                 take
                 breath
                 and
                 renew
                 her
                 courage
                 .
                 Nay
                 ,
                 if
                 she
                 hath
                 laboured
                 in
                 boisterous
                 and
                 tempestuous
                 weather
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 days
                 together
                 ,
                 she
                 will
                 be
                 so
                 far
                 from
                 being
                 the
                 worse
                 for
                 it
                 ,
                 that
                 she
                 will
                 appear
                 much
                 better
                 ,
                 and
                 more
                 lively
                 .
                 And
                 therefor
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 vulgar
                 errour
                 ,
                 for
                 men
                 not
                 to
                 fly
                 their
                 Hawks
                 but
                 after
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 days
                 rest
                 ,
                 some
                 a
                 week
                 or
                 fortnight
                 .
                 For
                 old
                 Staunch-hawks
                 ,
                 I
                 judge
                 a
                 little
                 rest
                 will
                 do
                 no
                 harm
                 ;
                 but
                 for
                 the
                 young
                 ,
                 till
                 she
                 is
                 blouded
                 give
                 her
                 but
                 little
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 you
                 can
                 fly
                 her
                 every
                 day
                 ,
                 you
                 will
                 find
                 it
                 so
                 much
                 the
                 better
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 the
                 Faulcon
                 unreclaimed
                 hath
                 seized
                 her
                 Prey
                 and
                 broke
                 her
                 Neck
                 ,
                 (
                 in
                 artificial
                 terms
                 ,
                 her
                 Ink
                 )
                 she
                 then
                 falls
                 on
                 the
                 Crop
                 ,
                 and
                 feeds
                 first
                 on
                 what
                 is
                 there
                 contained
                 ,
                 afterwards
                 on
                 other
                 parts
                 ;
                 and
                 having
                 filled
                 her
                 Gorge
                 ,
                 she
                 will
                 fly
                 to
                 some
                 solitary
                 place
                 which
                 is
                 near
                 water
                 ,
                 or
                 what
                 liketh
                 her
                 best
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 she
                 will
                 sit
                 all
                 day
                 :
                 upon
                 the
                 approach
                 of
                 night
                 she
                 takes
                 Wing
                 ,
                 and
                 flies
                 to
                 some
                 convenient
                 place
                 she
                 hath
                 afore
                 purposed
                 ,
                 to
                 pearch
                 therein
                 till
                 the
                 morning
                 .
              
               
                 Thus
                 much
                 of
                 her
                 as
                 she
                 is
                 wild
                 and
                 un-reclaimed
                 .
                 
                 In
                 the
                 next
                 place
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 requisite
                 to
                 inform
                 you
                 with
                 the
                 manner
                 of
                 reclaiming
                 of
                 a
                 Haggard-faulcon
                 ,
                 and
                 her
                 entry
                 to
                 the
                 Lure
                 .
              
               
                 Having
                 taken
                 or
                 purchased
                 one
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 set
                 her
                 down
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 her
                 rest
                 quietly
                 the
                 first
                 night
                 in
                 a
                 Rusterhood
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 next
                 day
                 take
                 her
                 up
                 easily
                 on
                 your
                 Fist
                 ,
                 and
                 carry
                 her
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 that
                 whole
                 day
                 ;
                 using
                 a
                 Feather
                 to
                 stroke
                 her
                 withal
                 instead
                 of
                 your
                 hand
                 .
                 When
                 you
                 find
                 her
                 not
                 impatient
                 of
                 being
                 toucht
                 ,
                 take
                 her
                 Hood
                 off
                 speedily
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 it
                 on
                 again
                 as
                 speedily
                 ,
                 observing
                 thus
                 to
                 do
                 till
                 she
                 is
                 willing
                 to
                 feed
                 :
                 then
                 frequently
                 offer
                 her
                 food
                 ,
                 but
                 let
                 her
                 have
                 but
                 a
                 little
                 at
                 a
                 time
                 ;
                 never
                 pulling
                 her
                 Hood
                 off
                 or
                 on
                 but
                 you
                 must
                 gain
                 her
                 love
                 with
                 a
                 bit
                 or
                 two
                 ,
                 using
                 your
                 voice
                 unto
                 her
                 when
                 you
                 are
                 taking
                 off
                 her
                 Hood
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 the
                 while
                 she
                 is
                 feeding
                 ,
                 and
                 no
                 longer
                 ;
                 that
                 by
                 that
                 means
                 ,
                 after
                 she
                 is
                 reclaimed
                 ,
                 she
                 may
                 know
                 by
                 your
                 voice
                 she
                 shall
                 be
                 fed
                 .
              
               
                 Having
                 thus
                 done
                 ,
                 teach
                 her
                 to
                 come
                 to
                 your
                 Fist
                 from
                 the
                 Pearch
                 by
                 doing
                 thus
                 :
                 Let
                 her
                 stand
                 on
                 a
                 Pearch
                 about
                 breast-high
                 ;
                 if
                 lower
                 ,
                 kneel
                 ,
                 for
                 this
                 low
                 posture
                 will
                 less
                 affright
                 than
                 any
                 other
                 :
                 after
                 this
                 ,
                 unstrike
                 her
                 Hood
                 ,
                 and
                 lure
                 her
                 ,
                 using
                 your
                 voice
                 ;
                 and
                 have
                 a
                 special
                 care
                 that
                 you
                 affright
                 her
                 not
                 or
                 distaste
                 her
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 cause
                 her
                 to
                 bate
                 from
                 you
                 .
                 But
                 you
                 must
                 ,
                 before
                 you
                 unstrike
                 her
                 Hood
                 ,
                 encourage
                 her
                 with
                 a
                 bit
                 or
                 two
                 ,
                 which
                 will
                 make
                 her
                 the
                 more
                 eager
                 to
                 come
                 to
                 you
                 :
                 For
                 it
                 is
                 her
                 Stomach
                 that
                 rules
                 her
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 the
                 Bridle
                 that
                 keeps
                 her
                 in
                 subjection
                 ,
                 pricking
                 her
                 forward
                 to
                 perform
                 her
                 duty
                 :
                 wherefore
                 if
                 you
                 keep
                 not
                 her
                 Appetite
                 sharp
                 and
                 truly
                 edged
                 ,
                 instead
                 of
                 Submission
                 ,
                 you
                 will
                 find
                 Disobedience
                 .
                 When
                 you
                 find
                 she
                 will
                 willingly
                 feed
                 from
                 and
                 come
                 to
                 your
                 hand
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 then
                 let
                 her
                 sit
                 bare-fac'd
                 ,
                 now
                 and
                 then
                 diverting
                 her
                 starting
                 about
                 by
                 giving
                 her
                 a
                 
                 bit
                 or
                 two
                 ,
                 to
                 direct
                 her
                 face
                 towards
                 you
                 :
                 after
                 this
                 you
                 may
                 set
                 her
                 to
                 the
                 Lure
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 you
                 find
                 she
                 will
                 come
                 readily
                 to
                 the
                 Lure
                 ,
                 garnisht
                 with
                 meat
                 in
                 the
                 Creance
                 ,
                 fearing
                 lest
                 she
                 scorn
                 this
                 way
                 of
                 Luring
                 ,
                 fix
                 a
                 live
                 Pidgeon
                 to
                 the
                 Lure
                 ,
                 and
                 lure
                 her
                 therewith
                 .
                 When
                 she
                 hath
                 killed
                 the
                 Pidgeon
                 and
                 eaten
                 the
                 Head
                 ,
                 take
                 her
                 up
                 gently
                 with
                 a
                 bit
                 of
                 meat
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 on
                 her
                 Hood
                 ;
                 then
                 unstrike
                 her
                 Hood
                 and
                 lure
                 her
                 to
                 the
                 Pelt
                 ,
                 doing
                 thus
                 twice
                 or
                 thrice
                 ,
                 and
                 no
                 more
                 :
                 if
                 you
                 do
                 it
                 oftner
                 ,
                 she
                 will
                 become
                 in
                 time
                 very
                 loth
                 to
                 part
                 with
                 the
                 Pelt
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 this
                 means
                 you
                 will
                 provoke
                 her
                 to
                 carry
                 .
                 This
                 is
                 a
                 great
                 fault
                 ,
                 and
                 more
                 incident
                 to
                 and
                 worse
                 in
                 Field-Hawks
                 than
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 fitted
                 for
                 the
                 River
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 be
                 sure
                 you
                 lure
                 her
                 not
                 far
                 till
                 her
                 Stomach
                 be
                 perfect
                 ;
                 for
                 otherwise
                 she
                 may
                 discover
                 something
                 by
                 the
                 way
                 which
                 she
                 hath
                 a
                 greater
                 esteem
                 for
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 be
                 lost
                 for
                 that
                 time
                 ;
                 which
                 will
                 be
                 very
                 detrimental
                 to
                 her
                 ,
                 although
                 you
                 should
                 happen
                 to
                 recover
                 and
                 reclaim
                 her
                 afterwards
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 observe
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 her
                 making
                 (
                 while
                 she
                 is
                 on
                 the
                 ground
                 either
                 pluming
                 or
                 feeding
                 )
                 forget
                 not
                 to
                 walk
                 round
                 her
                 ,
                 using
                 your
                 voice
                 ,
                 and
                 giving
                 her
                 many
                 bits
                 with
                 your
                 hand
                 ;
                 continuing
                 so
                 to
                 do
                 till
                 you
                 have
                 won
                 her
                 to
                 a
                 more
                 than
                 ordinary
                 familiarity
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 above
                 all
                 ,
                 mark
                 this
                 ;
                 spring
                 her
                 some
                 living
                 Doves
                 between
                 the
                 Man
                 and
                 the
                 Lure
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 them
                 be
                 given
                 in
                 a
                 long
                 Creance
                 ,
                 that
                 she
                 may
                 kill
                 them
                 near
                 you
                 ,
                 in
                 such
                 manner
                 that
                 she
                 may
                 truss
                 them
                 over
                 your
                 head
                 :
                 by
                 this
                 means
                 she
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 afraid
                 when
                 you
                 come
                 to
                 her
                 from
                 afar
                 off
                 ;
                 the
                 neglect
                 whereof
                 will
                 make
                 her
                 timorous
                 :
                 thence
                 will
                 proceed
                 her
                 dragging
                 and
                 carrying
                 from
                 you
                 ;
                 nay
                 sometimes
                 she
                 will
                 leave
                 her
                 Prey
                 ,
                 and
                 totally
                 forsake
                 you
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 are
                 some
                 Hawks
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 taken
                 up
                 without
                 
                 striking
                 or
                 rapping
                 in
                 the
                 Creance
                 ,
                 which
                 must
                 be
                 infallibly
                 the
                 loss
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 Hawk
                 without
                 such
                 a
                 device
                 :
                 this
                 is
                 a
                 great
                 fault
                 in
                 the
                 Hawk
                 ,
                 and
                 argueth
                 great
                 negligence
                 in
                 the
                 Faulconer
                 ,
                 in
                 suffering
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 remedying
                 that
                 ill
                 property
                 in
                 her
                 first
                 making
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Rules
                   for
                   ordering
                   a
                   Haggard-faulcon
                   in
                   the
                   Luring
                   :
                   with
                   the
                   Causes
                   and
                   Remedies
                   of
                   Carrying
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   ill
                   qualities
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   thus
                   far
                   acquainted
                   your
                   Hawk
                   with
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   take
                   her
                   out
                   some
                   convenient
                   Evening
                   ,
                   and
                   be
                   no
                   farther
                   from
                   her
                   than
                   she
                   can
                   see
                   and
                   hear
                   you
                   ;
                   then
                   hold
                   in
                   your
                   Lure
                   ,
                   and
                   suffer
                   her
                   to
                   fly
                   about
                   you
                   ,
                   holding
                   her
                   as
                   near
                   you
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   with
                   your
                   Voice
                   and
                   Lure
                   ,
                   teaching
                   her
                   to
                   do
                   her
                   business
                   ,
                   and
                   work
                   it
                   on
                   your
                   head
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   cast
                   up
                   a
                   live
                   Dove
                   :
                   Which
                   some
                   disapprove
                   of
                   ,
                   because
                   (
                   say
                   they
                   )
                   the
                   lightness
                   of
                   the
                   Dove
                   inclines
                   the
                   Hawk
                   to
                   that
                   ill
                   quality
                   of
                   Carrying
                   ;
                   but
                   I
                   rather
                   impute
                   that
                   fault
                   to
                   the
                   ignorance
                   ,
                   or
                   negligence
                   and
                   harshness
                   of
                   the
                   Faulconer
                   ,
                   who
                   hath
                   been
                   either
                   unskilful
                   ,
                   remiss
                   ,
                   or
                   hath
                   not
                   used
                   that
                   gentleness
                   which
                   is
                   requisite
                   in
                   Reclaiming
                   a
                   Hawk
                   in
                   her
                   first
                   Making
                   :
                   so
                   that
                   instead
                   of
                   gaining
                   her
                   love
                   by
                   fair
                   Allurements
                   ,
                   he
                   hath
                   converted
                   it
                   into
                   Hatred
                   ,
                   Abhorrency
                   ,
                   and
                   Disdainful
                   Coyness
                   .
                
                 
                   Another
                   cause
                   of
                   this
                   Dragging
                   or
                   Garrying
                   proceeds
                   from
                   the
                   Keepers
                   ill
                   or
                   slender
                   Rewarding
                   his
                   Hawk
                   in
                   the
                   Luring
                   ,
                   in
                   giving
                   her
                   the
                   Pelt
                   of
                   a
                   Pidgeon
                   or
                   some
                   other
                   dead
                   thing
                   ,
                   which
                   gives
                   her
                   no
                   delight
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   the
                   pleasure
                   she
                   takes
                   in
                   the
                   Reward
                   that
                   engages
                   her
                   coming
                   to
                   you
                   :
                   If
                   then
                   she
                   chance
                   to
                   find
                   her
                   expectation
                   frustrated
                   in
                   her
                   usual
                   satisfaction
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   ever
                   after
                   shun
                   you
                   ;
                   and
                   though
                   you
                   should
                   throw
                   her
                   a
                   live
                   Pidgeon
                   ,
                   she
                   may
                   seize
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   keep
                   close
                   
                   to
                   it
                   ,
                   or
                   remove
                   it
                   as
                   you
                   approach
                   ,
                   for
                   fear
                   that
                   your
                   unkindness
                   should
                   deprive
                   her
                   of
                   it
                   .
                   Wherefore
                   you
                   must
                   have
                   a
                   special
                   care
                   you
                   disoblige
                   her
                   not
                   in
                   her
                   Luring
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   several
                   other
                   errours
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   rectified
                   in
                   a
                   
                     Haggard-faulcon
                     ,
                     Faulcon-gentle
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Slightfaulcons
                   ,
                   (
                   which
                   naturally
                   are
                   all
                   of
                   one
                   kind
                   ,
                   yet
                   differ
                   much
                   in
                   quality
                   and
                   condition
                   )
                   which
                   I
                   shall
                   leave
                   to
                   the
                   study
                   of
                   the
                   ingenious
                   and
                   industrious
                   Faulconer
                   or
                   Keeper
                   .
                   I
                   say
                   ,
                   the
                   first
                   fault
                   is
                   ,
                   that
                   though
                   you
                   have
                   lured
                   your
                   Hawk
                   well
                   ,
                   and
                   given
                   her
                   all
                   the
                   content
                   and
                   satisfaction
                   imaginable
                   ,
                   yet
                   will
                   she
                   not
                   tarry
                   with
                   you
                   ,
                   but
                   take
                   her
                   slight
                   and
                   forsake
                   you
                   .
                   This
                   argueth
                   an
                   aversion
                   in
                   her
                   from
                   you
                   to
                   something
                   else
                   .
                   This
                   fault
                   Mr.
                   Turbervile
                   ,
                   and
                   Mr.
                   Latham
                   say
                   they
                   have
                   known
                   remedied
                   :
                   but
                   because
                   I
                   look
                   upon
                   the
                   trouble
                   therein
                   to
                   be
                   so
                   great
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   future
                   satisfaction
                   so
                   small
                   and
                   uncertain
                   ,
                   I
                   shall
                   not
                   lay
                   down
                   what
                   means
                   are
                   commonly
                   made
                   use
                   of
                   in
                   the
                   cure
                   of
                   this
                   ill
                   quality
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   there
                   is
                   another
                   fault
                   ,
                   which
                   at
                   first
                   may
                   be
                   easily
                   prevented
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   an
                   aspiring
                   quality
                   and
                   working
                   humour
                   ,
                   when
                   although
                   the
                   Hawk
                   never
                   shewed
                   any
                   dislike
                   to
                   the
                   Keeper
                   or
                   discontent
                   ,
                   yet
                   by
                   observation
                   she
                   hath
                   been
                   found
                   conceited
                   ,
                   and
                   would
                   not
                   endure
                   the
                   society
                   of
                   another
                   Hawk
                   ;
                   and
                   having
                   been
                   well
                   blouded
                   on
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   she
                   would
                   not
                   be
                   kept
                   down
                   near
                   her
                   Keeper
                   .
                   To
                   remedy
                   this
                   ,
                   let
                   no
                   scope
                   be
                   given
                   to
                   the
                   Haggard
                   in
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   making
                   ;
                   let
                   her
                   not
                   fly
                   high
                   ,
                   but
                   be
                   held
                   down
                   and
                   near
                   you
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   you
                   should
                   let
                   this
                   Hawk
                   in
                   to
                   another
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   and
                   find
                   her
                   fall
                   to
                   her
                   work
                   without
                   any
                   regard
                   or
                   notice
                   taken
                   of
                   the
                   other
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   suspect
                   her
                   instantly
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   see
                   Fowl
                   in
                   due
                   time
                   ,
                   lest
                   when
                   she
                   comes
                   to
                   her
                   due
                   place
                   ,
                   she
                   go
                   her
                   way
                   ;
                   for
                   she
                   will
                   prove
                   impatient
                   :
                   wherefore
                   the
                   shorter
                   work
                   you
                   make
                   
                   with
                   her
                   ,
                   the
                   greater
                   delight
                   you
                   give
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   consequently
                   you
                   engage
                   her
                   love
                   continually
                   towards
                   you
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   taught
                   your
                   Hawk
                   to
                   sit
                   bare-faced
                   in
                   the
                   Evening
                   among
                   company
                   undisturbed
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   she
                   knows
                   your
                   Voice
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   come
                   to
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   then
                   give
                   her
                   every
                   night
                   stones
                   ,
                   till
                   you
                   find
                   her
                   Stomach
                   good
                   :
                   after
                   that
                   ,
                   profer
                   her
                   Casting
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   not
                   receive
                   it
                   unless
                   she
                   likes
                   it
                   well
                   ;
                   otherwise
                   she
                   is
                   apt
                   to
                   take
                   a
                   dislike
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   never
                   afterwards
                   receive
                   it
                   willingly
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   Stones
                   aforesaid
                   prepare
                   and
                   make
                   ready
                   the
                   way
                   for
                   casting
                   ,
                   stirring
                   ,
                   and
                   dissolving
                   whatever
                   is
                   offensive
                   within
                   ,
                   and
                   fitting
                   it
                   to
                   be
                   carried
                   ,
                   downward
                   in
                   her
                   Mutes
                   ,
                   or
                   upward
                   in
                   her
                   Castings
                   .
                   The
                   time
                   for
                   giving
                   these
                   Stones
                   is
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   hath
                   put
                   away
                   her
                   Supper
                   from
                   above
                   ;
                   then
                   give
                   her
                   half
                   a
                   dozen
                   above
                   the
                   hand
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   have
                   so
                   much
                   skill
                   ;
                   if
                   not
                   ,
                   otherwise
                   as
                   you
                   are
                   able
                   .
                   Do
                   thus
                   often
                   ,
                   until
                   such
                   time
                   as
                   you
                   shall
                   give
                   her
                   such
                   things
                   whereof
                   she
                   shall
                   take
                   Plumage
                   in
                   her
                   living
                   or
                   training
                   .
                   But
                   of
                   this
                   ,
                   more
                   hereafter
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   know
                   the
                   Nature
                   and
                   Disposition
                   of
                   several
                   HAWKS
                   ,
                   and
                   what
                   must
                   be
                   observed
                   from
                   thence
                   .
                
                 
                   THere
                   is
                   a
                   certain
                   Hawk
                   called
                   a
                   
                     Blank
                     Hawk
                  
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   a
                   kinde
                   ,
                   loving
                   ,
                   and
                   docible
                   Hawk
                   ;
                   for
                   she
                   will
                   diligently
                   listen
                   and
                   give
                   ear
                   unto
                   you
                   and
                   your
                   voice
                   ;
                   she
                   will
                   soon
                   learn
                   to
                   come
                   to
                   hand
                   ,
                   being
                   very
                   eager
                   and
                   hot
                   to
                   seize
                   on
                   what
                   you
                   shall
                   either
                   
                   throw
                   or
                   give
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   be
                   very
                   familiar
                   :
                   I
                   astly
                   ,
                   having
                   done
                   your
                   will
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   look
                   up
                   for
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   readily
                   jump
                   thereon
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   much
                   subject
                   to
                   little
                   Grubs
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   ingendered
                   in
                   the
                   Guts
                   ,
                   and
                   discover
                   themselves
                   in
                   their
                   Mutes
                   ,
                   crawling
                   out
                   from
                   them
                   ,
                   shrinking
                   themselves
                   up
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   instantly
                   dying
                   .
                   These
                   Worms
                   do
                   little
                   harm
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   Hawk
                   which
                   hath
                   them
                   is
                   seldom
                   bad
                   .
                   The
                   colour
                   of
                   these
                   Worms
                   is
                   red
                   in
                   a
                   
                     Slight
                     Faulcon
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   red
                   in
                   a
                   Barbary-Faulcon
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   dead
                   ,
                   in
                   both
                   white
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   is
                   a
                   sort
                   of
                   
                     Swarthy
                     black-plum'd
                     Hawk
                  
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   good-mettled
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   high
                   flier
                   ,
                   yet
                   hard
                   to
                   be
                   reclaimed
                   :
                   for
                   she
                   will
                   neither
                   mind
                   you
                   nor
                   your
                   voice
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   you
                   lure
                   her
                   ,
                   will
                   look
                   any
                   other
                   way
                   than
                   that
                   she
                   should
                   .
                   However
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   shew
                   your self
                   very
                   loving
                   towards
                   her
                   ,
                   though
                   you
                   shall
                   get
                   no
                   more
                   from
                   her
                   than
                   what
                   you
                   extort
                   by
                   force
                   .
                   For
                   her
                   due
                   reclaiming
                   ,
                   lessen
                   her
                   pride
                   by
                   ordering
                   her
                   Diet
                   with
                   measure
                   ,
                   with
                   respect
                   had
                   unto
                   the
                   Weather
                   ;
                   which
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   mild
                   and
                   temperate
                   ,
                   you
                   need
                   not
                   fear
                   to
                   hold
                   her
                   down
                   until
                   you
                   have
                   quarried
                   her
                   :
                   and
                   as
                   you
                   shall
                   see
                   her
                   amend
                   her
                   manners
                   ,
                   alter
                   her
                   Diet
                   ,
                   and
                   add
                   to
                   her
                   strength
                   according
                   to
                   reasonable
                   expedition
                   ;
                   which
                   will
                   be
                   soon
                   obtained
                   if
                   the
                   be
                   sound
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   weather
                   moderate
                   .
                   But
                   if
                   the
                   weather
                   be
                   frosty
                   ,
                   have
                   a
                   care
                   of
                   abating
                   flesh
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   at
                   any
                   time
                   you
                   fly
                   any
                   one
                   of
                   these
                   black
                   or
                   tawny
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   and
                   she
                   stoops
                   foul
                   and
                   falls
                   in
                   her
                   flight
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   take
                   her
                   down
                   with
                   some
                   living
                   thing
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   the
                   be
                   young
                   ,
                   suffer
                   not
                   her
                   (
                   or
                   any
                   other
                   Hawk
                   )
                   to
                   fly
                   too
                   long
                   ;
                   for
                   nothing
                   is
                   more
                   prejudicial
                   and
                   distasteful
                   to
                   a
                   young
                   Hawk
                   at
                   her
                   first
                   making
                   ,
                   than
                   to
                   let
                   her
                   toil
                   and
                   make
                   many
                   stoopings
                   before
                   the
                   be
                   
                   served
                   :
                   by
                   this
                   dislike
                   she
                   is
                   induced
                   to
                   fly
                   wide
                   and
                   carelesly
                   ,
                   and
                   frequently
                   to
                   go
                   away
                   through
                   displeasure
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   to
                   the
                   intent
                   I
                   may
                   go
                   on
                   methodically
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   as
                   little
                   confusion
                   as
                   may
                   be
                   ,
                   I
                   shall
                   in
                   the
                   next
                   place
                   here
                   nominate
                   what
                   Hawks
                   I
                   intend
                   to
                   treat
                   of
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   order
                   as
                   I
                   name
                   them
                   ,
                   in
                   like
                   manner
                   I
                   will
                   discourse
                   of
                   them
                   .
                   Take
                   them
                   thus
                   :
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Faulcon
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Gerfaulcon
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Mylion
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Merlin
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Hobby
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Goshawk
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Sparrow-hawk
                    
                     
                       Lanner
                       ,
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       Their
                       Males
                       .
                    
                     
                       Tiercel-gentle
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Jerkin
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Tiercel
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Jack
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Robbin
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Tiercel
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Musket
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Lannerct
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Female
                   of
                   all
                   Birds
                   of
                   Prey
                   are
                   much
                   larger
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   greater
                   bulk
                   than
                   the
                   Male
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   more
                   serviceable
                   ,
                   being
                   more
                   watchful
                   ,
                   hardy
                   ,
                   and
                   bold
                   :
                   but
                   of
                   such
                   Birds
                   as
                   do
                   not
                   Prey
                   ,
                   the
                   Cocks
                   are
                   the
                   larger
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   
                     Faulcon
                     ,
                     Gerfaulcon
                     ,
                     Mylion
                     ,
                     Merlin
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   Hobby
                   do
                   stoop
                   and
                   seize
                   their
                   Prey
                   with
                   their
                   Foot
                   ,
                   breaking
                   with
                   their
                   beak
                   the
                   Neck-bone
                   of
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   without
                   pluming
                   or
                   tiring
                   thereupon
                   till
                   the
                   Fowl
                   hath
                   left
                   busking
                   and
                   bating
                   on
                   the
                   foot
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Goshawk
                   with
                   her
                   Male
                   the
                   Tiercel
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Sparrow-harvk
                   ,
                   kill
                   their
                   Game
                   by
                   strength
                   and
                   force
                   of
                   Wing
                   at
                   random
                   ,
                   and
                   do
                   instantly
                   plume
                   and
                   tire
                   upon
                   their
                   Prey
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Faulcon
                   .
                
                 
                   THere
                   are
                   seven
                   kinds
                   of
                   Faulcons
                   ,
                   viz.
                   
                
                 
                   
                     Faulcon-gentle
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Haggard-faulcon
                     ,
                  
                   
                     
                       Barbary
                       or
                       Tartaret-faulcon
                    
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Gerfaulcon
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Saker
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Lanner
                     ,
                     and
                  
                   
                     Tunician
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   The
                   Faulcon-gentle
                   is
                   so
                   called
                   for
                   her
                   familiar
                   courreous
                   disposition
                   ;
                   she
                   is
                   withal
                   valiant
                   ,
                   strong
                   ,
                   and
                   better
                   able
                   to
                   endure
                   any
                   sort
                   of
                   weather
                   than
                   any
                   other
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   hath
                   a
                   natural
                   inclination
                   and
                   love
                   to
                   fly
                   the
                   Hern
                   every
                   way
                   ,
                   either
                   from
                   her
                   Wings
                   to
                   the
                   down-come
                   ,
                   or
                   from
                   the
                   Fist
                   and
                   afore-head
                   .
                   She
                   is
                   most
                   excellent
                   at
                   the
                   Brook
                   or
                   River
                   ,
                   especially
                   at
                   large
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Shoveler
                   ,
                   Wild-goose
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   If
                   she
                   be
                   an
                   Eyess
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   venture
                   her
                   at
                   the
                   Crane
                   ;
                   otherwise
                   she
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   so
                   hardy
                   and
                   bold
                   .
                   Where
                   note
                   ,
                   Hawks
                   prove
                   valiant
                   or
                   cowards
                   according
                   as
                   they
                   are
                   first
                   quarried
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   you
                   take
                   them
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Eyrie
                   before
                   they
                   are
                   fully
                   summed
                   and
                   hard
                   penned
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   never
                   expect
                   their
                   Wings
                   should
                   grow
                   to
                   perfection
                   ,
                   but
                   their
                   Legs
                   will
                   be
                   apt
                   to
                   wear
                   crooked
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   Train
                   ,
                   their
                   long
                   Feathers
                   and
                   their
                   Flags
                   also
                   will
                   be
                   full
                   of
                   Taints
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   choice
                   of
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   ,
                   observe
                   that
                   she
                   have
                   wide
                   Nares
                   ;
                   high
                   and
                   large
                   Eye-lids
                   ;
                   a
                   great
                   black
                   Eye
                   ;
                   a
                   round
                   Head
                   ,
                   somewhat
                   full
                   on
                   the
                   top
                   ;
                   a
                   short
                   ,
                   thick
                   ,
                   azure
                   Beak
                   ;
                   and
                   indifferent
                   high
                   Neck
                   ;
                   barb
                   Feathers
                   under
                   the
                   clap
                   of
                   the
                   Beak
                   ;
                   a
                   good
                   
                   large
                   ,
                   round
                   ,
                   fleshy
                   Breast
                   :
                   let
                   her
                   be
                   strong
                   ,
                   hard
                   ,
                   and
                   stiff
                   bonded
                   ,
                   broad-shouldered
                   ;
                   having
                   slender
                   Sails
                   ,
                   full
                   Sides
                   ,
                   long
                   and
                   great
                   Thighs
                   ;
                   strong
                   and
                   short
                   Arms
                   ;
                   large
                   Feet
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   Sear
                   of
                   the
                   Foot
                   soft
                   and
                   blewish
                   ;
                   black
                   Pounces
                   ,
                   long
                   Wings
                   ,
                   and
                   crossing
                   the
                   Train
                   ,
                   which
                   Train
                   must
                   be
                   short
                   and
                   very
                   pliable
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   observe
                   ,
                   that
                   Faulcons
                   of
                   one
                   kind
                   differ
                   much
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   diversly
                   named
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   their
                   first
                   Reclaiming
                   ,
                   places
                   of
                   Haunt
                   ,
                   and
                   Countries
                   from
                   whence
                   they
                   come
                   ;
                   as
                   
                     Mew'd-Hawks
                     ,
                     Rammage-Hawks
                     ,
                     Soar-Hawks
                     ,
                     Eyesses
                     :
                  
                   and
                   these
                   again
                   are
                   divided
                   into
                   large
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   mean
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   and
                   slender
                   Hawks
                   .
                   All
                   these
                   have
                   different
                   Males
                   and
                   Plumes
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   nature
                   of
                   the
                   Countries
                   from
                   whence
                   they
                   come
                   ;
                   as
                   some
                   are
                   black
                   ,
                   some
                   blank
                   ,
                   or
                   russet
                   :
                   and
                   they
                   differ
                   in
                   disposition
                   ;
                   some
                   are
                   best
                   for
                   the
                   Field
                   ,
                   others
                   for
                   the
                   River
                   .
                
                 
                   Names
                   are
                   bestowed
                   on
                   a
                   Faulcon
                   according
                   to
                   her
                   Age
                   or
                   Taking
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   is
                   an
                   Eyess
                   ,
                   which
                   Name
                   lasts
                   as
                   long
                   as
                   she
                   is
                   in
                   the
                   Eyrie
                   .
                   These
                   are
                   very
                   troublesome
                   in
                   their
                   feeding
                   ,
                   do
                   cry
                   very
                   much
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   difficultly
                   entred
                   ;
                   but
                   being
                   well
                   entred
                   and
                   quarried
                   ,
                   prove
                   excellent
                   Hawks
                   for
                   the
                   Hern
                   ,
                   River
                   ,
                   or
                   any
                   sort
                   of
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   hardy
                   and
                   full
                   of
                   mettle
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   is
                   a
                   Rammage-faulcon
                   ,
                   and
                   reserves
                   the
                   name
                   after
                   she
                   hath
                   left
                   the
                   Eyrie
                   ,
                   being
                   so
                   called
                   
                     May
                     ,
                     June
                     ,
                     July
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   August
                   .
                   These
                   are
                   hard
                   to
                   be
                   manned
                   ,
                   but
                   being
                   well
                   reclaimed
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   not
                   inferiour
                   to
                   any
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   third
                   is
                   a
                   Soar-hawk
                   ,
                   so
                   called
                   
                     September
                     ,
                     October
                  
                   and
                   November
                   .
                   The
                   first
                   Plumes
                   they
                   have
                   when
                   they
                   for
                   sake
                   the
                   Eyrie
                   ,
                   they
                   keep
                   a
                   whole
                   year
                   before
                   they
                   mew
                   them
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   called
                   Soar-feathers
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fourth
                   is
                   termed
                   Murzarolt
                   ,
                   (
                   the
                   latest
                   term
                   
                   is
                   Carvist
                   ,
                   as
                   much
                   as
                   to
                   say
                   ,
                   
                     Carry
                     an
                     the
                     Fist
                     :
                  
                   )
                   they
                   are
                   so
                   called
                   
                     January
                     ,
                     February
                     ,
                     March
                     ,
                     April
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   till
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   May
                   ,
                   during
                   which
                   time
                   they
                   must
                   be
                   kept
                   on
                   the
                   Fist.
                   They
                   are
                   for
                   the
                   most
                   part
                   very
                   great
                   Baters
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   little
                   eaters
                   :
                   They
                   are
                   bad
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   frequently
                   troubled
                   with
                   Filanders
                   and
                   worms
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   rarely
                   brought
                   to
                   be
                   good
                   for
                   any
                   thing
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fifth
                   are
                   called
                   Enter-mews
                   ,
                   from
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   May
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   latter
                   end
                   of
                   December
                   .
                   They
                   are
                   so
                   called
                   because
                   they
                   cast
                   their
                   Coats
                   .
                   They
                   were
                   excellent
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   could
                   they
                   be
                   trusted
                   ;
                   therefore
                   they
                   must
                   be
                   kept
                   hard
                   under
                   ,
                   and
                   must
                   make
                   your
                   Fist
                   their
                   Pearch
                   .
                   Having
                   discours'd
                   of
                   the
                   Names
                   and
                   Nature
                   of
                   the
                   Faulcon
                   ,
                   I
                   next
                   come
                   to
                   his
                   Manning
                   ,
                   Luring
                   ,
                   Flights
                   ,
                   and
                   Mewing
                   in
                   every
                   condition
                   :
                   which
                   course
                   I
                   shall
                   orderly
                   take
                   in
                   my
                   ensuing
                   discourse
                   of
                   the
                   other
                   Hawks
                   I
                   have
                   onely
                   named
                   heretofore
                   .
                   And
                   because
                   what
                   Diseases
                   or
                   Casualties
                   are
                   incident
                   to
                   one
                   are
                   likewise
                   to
                   all
                   ,
                   I
                   shall
                   put
                   their
                   Cures
                   at
                   the
                   latter
                   end
                   all
                   together
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   Manning
                   ,
                   Luring
                   ,
                   Flights
                   and
                   Mewing
                   
                     of
                     a
                  
                   Faulcon
                   ,
                   
                     with
                     other
                     things
                     properly
                     belonging
                     to
                     an
                     Ostrager
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   Having
                   taken
                   a
                   Faulcon
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   Seel
                   her
                   ,
                   in
                   such
                   manner
                   ,
                   that
                   as
                   the
                   Seeling
                   slackens
                   ,
                   the
                   Faulcon
                   may
                   be
                   able
                   to
                   see
                   what
                   provision
                   is
                   straight
                   before
                   her
                   ,
                   which
                   she
                   will
                   better
                   see
                   so
                   than
                   any
                   other
                   way
                   :
                   and
                   be
                   sure
                   you
                   Seel
                   her
                   not
                   too
                   hard
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Hawk
                   newly
                   taken
                   ought
                   to
                   have
                   all
                   new
                   Furniture
                   ,
                   as
                   new
                   Jesses
                   of
                   good
                   Leather
                   ,
                   mailed
                   Leases
                   with
                   Buttons
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   ,
                   and
                   new
                   Bewets
                   .
                   You
                   must
                   have
                   a
                   small
                   round
                   stick
                   likewise
                   hanging
                   in
                   a
                   string
                   ,
                   with
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   frequently
                   stroak
                   your
                   Hawk
                   :
                   
                   the
                   oftner
                   you
                   do
                   it
                   ,
                   the
                   sooner
                   and
                   better
                   you
                   will
                   man
                   her
                   .
                   She
                   must
                   have
                   two
                   good
                   Bells
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   the
                   better
                   be
                   found
                   and
                   heard
                   when
                   she
                   either
                   stireth
                   or
                   scratteth
                   :
                   Her
                   Hood
                   must
                   be
                   well
                   fashioned
                   ,
                   raised
                   and
                   bossed
                   against
                   her
                   Eyes
                   ,
                   deep
                   ,
                   and
                   yet
                   straight
                   enough
                   beneath
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   may
                   the
                   better
                   fasten
                   about
                   her
                   Head
                   without
                   hurting
                   her
                   :
                   and
                   you
                   must
                   cope
                   a
                   little
                   her
                   Beak
                   and
                   Talons
                   ,
                   but
                   not
                   so
                   near
                   as
                   to
                   make
                   them
                   bleed
                   .
                
                 
                   Take
                   notice
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   take
                   a
                   Soar-faulcon
                   which
                   hath
                   already
                   past
                   the
                   Seas
                   ,
                   although
                   she
                   be
                   very
                   hard
                   to
                   be
                   reclaim'd
                   ,
                   yet
                   she
                   is
                   the
                   best
                   of
                   Faulcons
                   .
                
                 
                   Her
                   food
                   must
                   be
                   good
                   and
                   warm
                   twice
                   or
                   thrice
                   a
                   day
                   ,
                   until
                   she
                   be
                   full
                   gorg'd
                   ;
                   which
                   food
                   must
                   be
                   either
                   Pigeons
                   ,
                   Larks
                   ,
                   or
                   other
                   live
                   Birds
                   :
                   and
                   the
                   reason
                   is
                   ,
                   because
                   you
                   must
                   break
                   her
                   by
                   degrees
                   off
                   from
                   her
                   accustomed
                   feeding
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   feed
                   her
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   whoop
                   and
                   lure
                   as
                   you
                   do
                   when
                   you
                   call
                   a
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   know
                   when
                   you
                   will
                   give
                   her
                   meat
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   must
                   unhood
                   her
                   gently
                   ,
                   giving
                   her
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   bits
                   ;
                   and
                   putting
                   on
                   her
                   Hood
                   again
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   give
                   her
                   as
                   much
                   more
                   ,
                   and
                   be
                   sure
                   that
                   she
                   be
                   close
                   Seeled
                   :
                   and
                   after
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   days
                   lessen
                   her
                   diet
                   :
                   and
                   when
                   you
                   go
                   to
                   bed
                   ,
                   set
                   her
                   on
                   some
                   Pearch
                   by
                   you
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   awaken
                   her
                   often
                   in
                   the
                   night
                   .
                   Thus
                   you
                   must
                   do
                   till
                   you
                   observe
                   her
                   grow
                   tame
                   and
                   gentle
                   :
                   and
                   when
                   you
                   find
                   she
                   begins
                   to
                   feed
                   eagerly
                   ,
                   then
                   give
                   her
                   a
                   Sheep's-heart
                   .
                   And
                   now
                   you
                   may
                   begin
                   to
                   unhood
                   her
                   by
                   day-time
                   ,
                   but
                   it
                   must
                   be
                   far
                   from
                   company
                   ;
                   first
                   giving
                   her
                   a
                   bit
                   or
                   two
                   ,
                   then
                   hood
                   her
                   again
                   gently
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   her
                   as
                   much
                   more
                   .
                   Be
                   sure
                   not
                   to
                   afright
                   her
                   with
                   any
                   thing
                   when
                   you
                   unhood
                   her
                   .
                   And
                   when
                   you
                   perceive
                   her
                   to
                   be
                   acquainted
                   with
                   company
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   she
                   is
                   sharp
                   set
                   ,
                   unhood
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   her
                   some
                   meat
                   ,
                   holding
                   her
                   just
                   against
                   your
                   Face
                   and
                   
                   Eyes
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   make
                   her
                   less
                   afraid
                   of
                   the
                   countenances
                   of
                   others
                   .
                   If
                   you
                   can
                   ,
                   reclaim
                   her
                   without
                   over-watching
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   must
                   bear
                   her
                   continually
                   on
                   the
                   Fist
                   till
                   she
                   be
                   throughly
                   Manned
                   ,
                   causing
                   her
                   to
                   feed
                   in
                   company
                   ,
                   giving
                   her
                   in
                   the
                   Morning
                   about
                   Sun-rising
                   the
                   Wing
                   of
                   a
                   Pullet
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   Evening
                   the
                   Foot
                   of
                   a
                   Coney
                   or
                   Hare
                   cut
                   off
                   above
                   the
                   joynt
                   ,
                   flay'd
                   and
                   laid
                   in
                   Water
                   ;
                   which
                   having
                   squeez'd
                   ,
                   give
                   it
                   her
                   with
                   the
                   Pinion
                   of
                   a
                   Hen's
                   Wing
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   days
                   give
                   her
                   washt
                   meat
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   Plumage
                   ,
                   according
                   as
                   you
                   think
                   her
                   foul
                   within
                   .
                   If
                   she
                   Cast
                   ,
                   hood
                   her
                   again
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   her
                   nothing
                   till
                   she
                   Gleam
                   after
                   her
                   Casting
                   :
                   having
                   gleamed
                   and
                   casted
                   ,
                   then
                   give
                   her
                   a
                   beaching
                   of
                   hot
                   meat
                   in
                   company
                   ;
                   and
                   towards
                   the
                   Evening
                   let
                   her
                   plume
                   a
                   Hen's
                   Wing
                   in
                   company
                   also
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   the
                   Feathers
                   of
                   her
                   Casting
                   be
                   foul
                   or
                   slimy
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   a
                   yellowish
                   complexion
                   ,
                   then
                   be
                   sure
                   to
                   cleanse
                   her
                   well
                   with
                   washt
                   meat
                   and
                   Casting
                   :
                   if
                   clean
                   within
                   ,
                   give
                   her
                   gentle
                   Castings
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Pinions
                   of
                   an
                   old
                   Hens
                   Wing
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   Neck-bone
                   chopped
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   times
                   between
                   the
                   joynts
                   ,
                   washt
                   and
                   steeped
                   in
                   fair
                   Water
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   well
                   reclaimed
                   her
                   ,
                   throughly
                   manned
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   made
                   her
                   eager
                   and
                   sharp
                   set
                   ,
                   then
                   you
                   may
                   venture
                   to
                   feed
                   her
                   on
                   the
                   Lure
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   before
                   you
                   shew
                   her
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   consider
                   these
                   three
                   things
                   :
                   1.
                   
                   That
                   she
                   be
                   bold
                   in
                   and
                   familiar
                   with
                   company
                   ,
                   and
                   no
                   ways
                   afraid
                   of
                   Dogs
                   and
                   Horses
                   .
                   2.
                   
                   That
                   she
                   be
                   sharp
                   set
                   and
                   hungry
                   ,
                   regarding
                   the
                   hour
                   of
                   the
                   Morning
                   and
                   Evening
                   when
                   you
                   will
                   Lure
                   her
                   .
                   3.
                   
                   And
                   lastly
                   ,
                   she
                   must
                   be
                   clean
                   within
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Lure
                   must
                   be
                   well
                   garnished
                   with
                   meat
                   on
                   both
                   sides
                   ,
                   and
                   you
                   must
                   abscond
                   your self
                   when
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   give
                   her
                   the
                   length
                   of
                   the
                   Lease
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   You
                   must
                   first
                   unhood
                   her
                   ,
                   giving
                   her
                   a
                   bit
                   or
                   two
                   on
                   the
                   Lure
                   as
                   she
                   sitteth
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   :
                   afterwards
                   take
                   the
                   Lure
                   from
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   hide
                   it
                   that
                   she
                   see
                   it
                   not
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   she
                   is
                   unseized
                   ,
                   cast
                   the
                   Lure
                   so
                   near
                   her
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   catch
                   it
                   within
                   the
                   length
                   of
                   her
                   Lease
                   .
                   When
                   she
                   hath
                   seiz'd
                   it
                   ,
                   use
                   your
                   voice
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   custome
                   of
                   Faulconers
                   ,
                   and
                   feed
                   her
                   upon
                   the
                   Lure
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   with
                   the
                   Heart
                   and
                   warm
                   Thigh
                   of
                   a
                   Pullet
                   .
                   Having
                   so
                   lured
                   her
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   Evening
                   give
                   her
                   but
                   a
                   little
                   meat
                   ;
                   and
                   let
                   this
                   luring
                   be
                   so
                   timely
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   give
                   her
                   Plumage
                   and
                   a
                   Juck
                   of
                   a
                   joynt
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   Morning
                   betimes
                   take
                   her
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   she
                   hath
                   cast
                   and
                   gleamed
                   ,
                   give
                   her
                   a
                   little
                   beaching
                   of
                   warm
                   meat
                   .
                   Towards
                   Noon
                   take
                   a
                   Creance
                   and
                   tie
                   it
                   to
                   her
                   Lease
                   ,
                   and
                   go
                   into
                   some
                   pleasant
                   Field
                   or
                   Meadow
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   her
                   a
                   bit
                   or
                   two
                   on
                   the
                   Lure
                   ;
                   then
                   unseize
                   her
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   you
                   find
                   she
                   is
                   sharp
                   set
                   ,
                   and
                   hath
                   seized
                   on
                   the
                   Lure
                   eagerly
                   ,
                   then
                   give
                   her
                   some
                   one
                   to
                   hold
                   ,
                   to
                   let
                   her
                   off
                   to
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   then
                   unwind
                   the
                   Creance
                   ,
                   and
                   draw
                   it
                   after
                   you
                   a
                   good
                   way
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   him
                   which
                   holds
                   the
                   Hawk
                   hold
                   his
                   right
                   hand
                   on
                   the
                   Tassel
                   of
                   the
                   Hawks
                   Hood
                   in
                   readiness
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   he
                   may
                   unhood
                   her
                   assoon
                   as
                   you
                   begin
                   to
                   lure
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   she
                   come
                   well
                   to
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   and
                   stoop
                   upon
                   it
                   roundly
                   ,
                   and
                   seize
                   it
                   eagerly
                   ,
                   then
                   let
                   her
                   eat
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   bits
                   thereon
                   ;
                   then
                   unseize
                   her
                   and
                   take
                   her
                   off
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   hood
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   deliver
                   her
                   to
                   him
                   again
                   that
                   held
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   going
                   farther
                   off
                   lure
                   her
                   ,
                   feeding
                   her
                   as
                   before
                   with
                   the
                   accustomed
                   voice
                   .
                   Thus
                   lure
                   her
                   every
                   day
                   farther
                   and
                   farther
                   off
                   ,
                   till
                   she
                   is
                   accustomed
                   to
                   come
                   freely
                   and
                   eagerly
                   to
                   the
                   Lure
                   .
                
                 
                   After
                   this
                   ,
                   lure
                   her
                   in
                   company
                   ,
                   but
                   have
                   a
                   care
                   that
                   nothing
                   affright
                   her
                   :
                   and
                   when
                   you
                   have
                   used
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   Lure
                   on
                   foot
                   ,
                   then
                   lure
                   her
                   on
                   Horse-back
                   ;
                   which
                   you
                   may
                   effect
                   the
                   sooner
                   ,
                   by
                   causing
                   Horse-men
                   
                   to
                   be
                   about
                   you
                   when
                   you
                   lure
                   her
                   on
                   foot
                   :
                   also
                   you
                   may
                   do
                   it
                   the
                   sooner
                   by
                   rewarding
                   her
                   upon
                   the
                   Lure
                   on
                   Horse-back
                   among
                   Horsemen
                   .
                   When
                   this
                   way
                   she
                   grows
                   familiar
                   ,
                   let
                   some
                   body
                   afoot
                   hold
                   the
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   that
                   is
                   on
                   Horse-back
                   must
                   call
                   and
                   cast
                   the
                   Lure
                   about
                   his
                   Head
                   ;
                   then
                   must
                   the
                   holder
                   take
                   off
                   the
                   Hood
                   by
                   the
                   Tassel
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   she
                   seize
                   eagerly
                   on
                   the
                   Lure
                   without
                   fear
                   of
                   Man
                   or
                   Horse
                   ,
                   then
                   take
                   off
                   the
                   Creance
                   ,
                   and
                   lure
                   her
                   at
                   a
                   greater
                   distance
                   .
                   And
                   if
                   you
                   would
                   have
                   her
                   love
                   Dogs
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   call
                   Dogs
                   when
                   you
                   give
                   her
                   Tiring
                   or
                   Plumage
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   Bathing
                   a
                   Faulcon
                   lately
                   reclaimed
                   ;
                   how
                   to
                   make
                   her
                   Flying
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   hate
                   the
                   Check
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   wean'd
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   from
                   her
                   Rammage-fooleries
                   ,
                   being
                   both
                   ways
                   lured
                   ,
                   rewarded
                   ,
                   and
                   throughly
                   reclaim'd
                   ,
                   offer
                   her
                   some
                   Water
                   to
                   bathe
                   her self
                   in
                   ,
                   in
                   a
                   Bason
                   wherein
                   she
                   may
                   stand
                   up
                   to
                   the
                   Thighs
                   ,
                   chusing
                   a
                   temperate
                   clear
                   day
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   .
                   Then
                   having
                   lured
                   your
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   and
                   rewarded
                   her
                   with
                   warm
                   meat
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   carry
                   her
                   to
                   some
                   Bank
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   hold
                   her
                   in
                   the
                   Sun
                   till
                   she
                   hath
                   endewed
                   her
                   Gorge
                   ,
                   taking
                   off
                   her
                   Hood
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   prune
                   and
                   pick
                   her self
                   :
                   that
                   being
                   done
                   ,
                   hood
                   her
                   again
                   ,
                   and
                   set
                   her
                   near
                   the
                   Bason
                   ,
                   and
                   taking
                   off
                   her
                   Hood
                   ,
                   let
                   her
                   bathe
                   again
                   as
                   long
                   as
                   she
                   pleaseth
                   :
                   After
                   this
                   ,
                   take
                   her
                   up
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   pick
                   her self
                   as
                   before
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   feed
                   her
                   .
                   If
                   she
                   refuse
                   the
                   Bason
                   to
                   bathe
                   in
                   ,
                   shew
                   her
                   some
                   small
                   River
                   or
                   Brook
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   .
                
                 
                   By
                   this
                   use
                   of
                   bathing
                   she
                   gains
                   strength
                   and
                   a
                   sharp
                   appetite
                   ,
                   and
                   thereby
                   grows
                   bold
                   :
                   but
                   that
                   day
                   where
                   in
                   the
                   batheth
                   give
                   her
                   no
                   washt
                   meat
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   If
                   you
                   would
                   make
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   upwards
                   ,
                   the
                   next
                   day
                   after
                   she
                   hath
                   bath'd
                   get
                   on
                   Horseback
                   ,
                   either
                   in
                   the
                   Morning
                   or
                   Evening
                   ,
                   and
                   chuse
                   out
                   some
                   field
                   wherein
                   are
                   no
                   Rooks
                   or
                   Pidgeons
                   ;
                   then
                   take
                   your
                   Lure
                   well
                   garnished
                   on
                   both
                   sides
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   unhooded
                   your
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   give
                   her
                   a
                   bit
                   or
                   two
                   on
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   then
                   hood
                   her
                   :
                   afterwards
                   go
                   leisurely
                   against
                   the
                   Wind
                   ,
                   then
                   unhood
                   her
                   :
                   and
                   before
                   she
                   bate
                   ,
                   or
                   find
                   any
                   Check
                   in
                   her
                   Eye
                   ,
                   whistle
                   her
                   off
                   from
                   your
                   Fist
                   fairly
                   and
                   softly
                   .
                   As
                   she
                   flieth
                   about
                   you
                   ,
                   trot
                   on
                   with
                   your
                   Horse
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   out
                   your
                   Lure
                   ,
                   not
                   suffering
                   her
                   to
                   fly
                   long
                   about
                   you
                   at
                   first
                   :
                   continue
                   thus
                   doing
                   Morning
                   and
                   Evening
                   for
                   seven
                   or
                   eight
                   days
                   .
                   But
                   if
                   you
                   find
                   your
                   Hawk
                   unwilling
                   to
                   fly
                   about
                   you
                   or
                   stop
                   to
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   then
                   must
                   you
                   let
                   her
                   fly
                   with
                   some
                   Hawk
                   that
                   loves
                   the
                   company
                   of
                   others
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   not
                   rove
                   at
                   any
                   change
                   or
                   check
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   must
                   first
                   be
                   done
                   at
                   the
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   will
                   not
                   fly
                   far
                   before
                   the
                   Hawk
                   .
                   If
                   she
                   hath
                   flown
                   twice
                   or
                   thrice
                   ,
                   cast
                   out
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   and
                   reward
                   her
                   on
                   Horseback
                   .
                   If
                   the
                   Fowl
                   you
                   flew
                   her
                   at
                   be
                   killed
                   by
                   another
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   let
                   her
                   feed
                   with
                   him
                   a
                   little
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   farther
                   reward
                   her
                   on
                   the
                   Lure
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   would
                   have
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   prove
                   upwards
                   and
                   a
                   high-flying
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   let
                   her
                   fly
                   with
                   such
                   as
                   are
                   so
                   qualified
                   .
                   If
                   the
                   love
                   the
                   company
                   of
                   others
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   taught
                   to
                   hold
                   in
                   the
                   Head
                   ,
                   then
                   if
                   the
                   Fowl
                   be
                   in
                   Pool
                   ,
                   Pit
                   ,
                   or
                   Plash
                   ,
                   cast
                   off
                   your
                   high-flying
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   him
                   that
                   hath
                   your
                   new-lur'd
                   Hawk
                   get
                   under
                   the
                   Wind
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   he
                   seeth
                   his
                   advantage
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   unhood
                   her
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   she
                   bate
                   ,
                   then
                   it
                   is
                   to
                   get
                   up
                   to
                   the
                   other
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   him
                   then
                   cast
                   her
                   off
                   ,
                   and
                   before
                   she
                   get
                   up
                   to
                   the
                   other
                   near
                   his
                   full
                   pitch
                   ,
                   lay
                   out
                   the
                   Fowl
                   :
                   if
                   she
                   kill
                   her
                   Game
                   ,
                   reward
                   her
                   with
                   the
                   Heart
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   participate
                   of
                   the
                   Breast
                   with
                   the
                   other
                   Hawks
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   To
                   take
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   from
                   going
                   out
                   to
                   any
                   Check
                   ,
                   thus
                   you
                   must
                   do
                   :
                   If
                   she
                   hath
                   kill'd
                   a
                   Check
                   ,
                   and
                   hath
                   fed
                   thereon
                   before
                   you
                   could
                   come
                   in
                   ,
                   rebuke
                   her
                   not
                   severely
                   at
                   first
                   ,
                   but
                   take
                   her
                   down
                   to
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   give
                   her
                   a
                   bit
                   or
                   two
                   ,
                   hood
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   fly
                   her
                   not
                   in
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   days
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   you
                   do
                   ,
                   let
                   it
                   be
                   where
                   no
                   Checks
                   are
                   :
                   but
                   if
                   you
                   come
                   in
                   before
                   she
                   hath
                   tasted
                   the
                   Check
                   she
                   hath
                   killed
                   ,
                   then
                   take
                   the
                   Gall
                   of
                   an
                   Hen
                   ,
                   and
                   anoint
                   the
                   Breast
                   of
                   that
                   Check
                   she
                   hath
                   killed
                   ,
                   (
                   any
                   other
                   bitter
                   thing
                   will
                   do
                   )
                   and
                   this
                   will
                   make
                   her
                   hate
                   to
                   go
                   at
                   Check
                   again
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   enseam
                   a
                   Faulcon
                   with
                   her
                   Castings
                   and
                   Scowrings
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   feed
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   ,
                   call
                   and
                   lure
                   as
                   if
                   you
                   called
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   and
                   every
                   day
                   profer
                   her
                   Water
                   ,
                   and
                   every
                   night
                   give
                   her
                   Castings
                   accordingly
                   as
                   she
                   endeweth
                   .
                   Take
                   off
                   her
                   Hood
                   frequently
                   in
                   company
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   hinder
                   her
                   from
                   bating
                   ,
                   hold
                   always
                   the
                   Hood
                   ready
                   by
                   the
                   Tassel
                   in
                   your
                   hand
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   Evening
                   by
                   candle-light
                   take
                   off
                   her
                   Hood
                   among
                   company
                   ,
                   until
                   she
                   Rouze
                   and
                   Mewt
                   ;
                   then
                   set
                   her
                   on
                   the
                   Pearch
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   before
                   ,
                   setting
                   a
                   light
                   before
                   her
                   .
                
                 
                   Every
                   Faulcon
                   ought
                   to
                   have
                   a
                   Make-Hawk
                   to
                   teach
                   her
                   to
                   hold
                   in
                   the
                   Head
                   :
                   if
                   that
                   will
                   not
                   do
                   ,
                   cut
                   off
                   some
                   part
                   of
                   her
                   two
                   Principals
                   in
                   each
                   Wing
                   ,
                   the
                   long
                   Feather
                   and
                   that
                   next
                   to
                   it
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   force
                   her
                   to
                   hold
                   in
                   .
                
                 
                   Be
                   sure
                   to
                   reward
                   your
                   Hawk
                   well
                   at
                   the
                   beginning
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   feed
                   well
                   on
                   the
                   Quarry
                   ;
                   which
                   will
                   so
                   encourage
                   her
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   will
                   have
                   no
                   fancy
                   to
                   go
                   out
                   to
                   the
                   Check
                   .
                   When
                   she
                   is
                   well
                   in
                   bloud
                   and
                   well
                   quarried
                   ,
                   then
                   let
                   her
                   fly
                   with
                   other
                   Hawks
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   If
                   you
                   would
                   make
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   to
                   the
                   Crane
                   ,
                   her
                   Lure
                   should
                   be
                   a
                   counterfeit
                   Crane
                   .
                   If
                   you
                   would
                   make
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   Hare
                   ,
                   her
                   Lure
                   should
                   be
                   then
                   a
                   Hares
                   Skin
                   stuft
                   with
                   some
                   light
                   matter
                   :
                   When
                   she
                   is
                   well
                   lured
                   ,
                   and
                   you
                   would
                   enter
                   her
                   ,
                   tie
                   the
                   Hares
                   Skin
                   so
                   stuft
                   to
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   a
                   Creance
                   ,
                   and
                   fasten
                   it
                   to
                   your
                   Saddle-pummel
                   ,
                   by
                   which
                   means
                   when
                   you
                   gallop
                   it
                   will
                   resemble
                   a
                   running
                   Hare
                   :
                   then
                   unhood
                   your
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   and
                   cry
                   ,
                   
                     Back
                     with
                     the
                     Dogs
                     ,
                     back
                     with
                     the
                     Dogs
                     .
                  
                   When
                   you
                   find
                   she
                   hath
                   seized
                   it
                   ,
                   let
                   go
                   your
                   Creance
                   ,
                   and
                   suffer
                   her
                   to
                   fasten
                   thereon
                   ;
                   then
                   instantly
                   reward
                   her
                   upon
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   encourage
                   her
                   as
                   much
                   as
                   is
                   possible
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   she
                   is
                   well
                   entred
                   after
                   this
                   manner
                   ,
                   take
                   a
                   living
                   Hare
                   and
                   break
                   one
                   of
                   her
                   hinder
                   Legs
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   before
                   well
                   acquainted
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   with
                   your
                   Dogs
                   by
                   continual
                   feeding
                   among
                   them
                   ,
                   I
                   say
                   then
                   put
                   your
                   Hare
                   out
                   in
                   some
                   fair
                   place
                   with
                   your
                   Dogs
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Faulcon
                   will
                   stoop
                   and
                   ruff
                   her
                   until
                   the
                   Dogs
                   may
                   take
                   her
                   ;
                   then
                   take
                   the
                   Hare
                   from
                   the
                   Dogs
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   her
                   out
                   to
                   the
                   Faulcon
                   ,
                   crying
                   ,
                   
                     Back
                     ,
                     back
                     there
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   would
                   make
                   your
                   Hawk
                   flying
                   to
                   the
                   Partridge
                   or
                   Pheasant
                   after
                   she
                   is
                   reclaimed
                   and
                   made
                   ,
                   then
                   every
                   time
                   you
                   lure
                   her
                   ,
                   cast
                   your
                   Lure
                   into
                   some
                   low
                   Tree
                   or
                   Bush
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   learn
                   to
                   take
                   the
                   Tree
                   or
                   Stand
                   :
                   if
                   she
                   take
                   the
                   Stand
                   before
                   she
                   sees
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   let
                   her
                   stand
                   a
                   while
                   ;
                   and
                   afterwards
                   draw
                   the
                   Lure
                   out
                   before
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   cry
                   with
                   what
                   words
                   you
                   have
                   acquainted
                   her
                   to
                   understand
                   you
                   by
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   reward
                   her
                   well
                   .
                   After
                   this
                   manner
                   she
                   will
                   learn
                   to
                   take
                   Stand.
                   
                
                 
                   Feed
                   her
                   always
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   or
                   in
                   some
                   thick
                   place
                   ;
                   for
                   in
                   such
                   places
                   she
                   must
                   encounter
                   with
                   the
                   Pheasant
                   at
                   Pearch
                   .
                
                 
                   At
                   first
                   fly
                   with
                   her
                   at
                   young
                   Pheasant
                   or
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   
                   to
                   encourage
                   her
                   by
                   advantage
                   ,
                   and
                   afterwards
                   at
                   the
                   old
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   a
                   Faulcon
                   will
                   not
                   take
                   Stand
                   ,
                   but
                   keep
                   on
                   the
                   Wing
                   ,
                   then
                   must
                   you
                   fly
                   her
                   in
                   plain
                   places
                   where
                   you
                   may
                   always
                   see
                   her
                   upon
                   you
                   .
                
                 
                   Draw
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Mew
                   twenty
                   days
                   before
                   you
                   Enseam
                   her
                   :
                   If
                   she
                   truss
                   and
                   carry
                   ,
                   the
                   remedy
                   is
                   to
                   cope
                   her
                   Talons
                   ,
                   her
                   Powlse
                   and
                   Petty-single
                   .
                
                 
                   Never
                   reward
                   your
                   Hawk
                   upon
                   River-sowl
                   but
                   upon
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   the
                   better
                   love
                   and
                   esteem
                   thereof
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Crane
                   ought
                   to
                   be
                   flown
                   at
                   before
                   Sun-rising
                   ;
                   for
                   she
                   is
                   a
                   slothful
                   Bird
                   ,
                   and
                   you
                   may
                   cast
                   off
                   to
                   her
                   a
                   Cast
                   or
                   Lease
                   of
                   Faulcons
                   ,
                   or
                   a
                   Coshawk
                   from
                   the
                   Fist
                   ,
                   without
                   Dogs
                   .
                   You
                   must
                   fly
                   but
                   once
                   a
                   day
                   at
                   the
                   Crane
                   ,
                   after
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   reward
                   your
                   Hawk
                   very
                   well
                   ,
                   ever
                   succouring
                   her
                   with
                   a
                   Grey-hound
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   best
                   of
                   Dogs
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   .
                
                 
                   Give
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   a
                   Beaching
                   very
                   early
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   ,
                   and
                   it
                   will
                   make
                   her
                   very
                   eager
                   to
                   fly
                   when
                   it
                   is
                   time
                   for
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   would
                   have
                   her
                   a
                   high-flying
                   Hawk
                   ;
                   you
                   must
                   not
                   feed
                   her
                   highly
                   ,
                   but
                   she
                   should
                   be
                   fed
                   nine
                   days
                   together
                   before
                   Sun-rising
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   night
                   late
                   in
                   the
                   cool
                   of
                   the
                   Evening
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Faulcon
                   will
                   kill
                   the
                   Hern
                   naturally
                   if
                   she
                   be
                   a
                   Peregrin
                   or
                   Traveller
                   :
                   yet
                   you
                   will
                   do
                   well
                   to
                   give
                   her
                   Trains
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Faulcon
                   may
                   fly
                   ten
                   times
                   in
                   a
                   day
                   at
                   a
                   River
                   ,
                   if
                   the
                   season
                   be
                   not
                   extream
                   ;
                   but
                   more
                   is
                   inconvenient
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Hawk
                   ought
                   to
                   have
                   forty
                   Castings
                   before
                   she
                   be
                   perfectly
                   made
                   .
                   And
                   indeed
                   all
                   Hawks
                   ought
                   to
                   have
                   Castings
                   every
                   night
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   would
                   have
                   them
                   clean
                   and
                   sound
                   :
                   for
                   Hawks
                   which
                   have
                   not
                   this
                   continual
                   
                   nocturnal
                   Casting
                   will
                   be
                   surcharged
                   with
                   abundance
                   of
                   superfluous
                   Humours
                   ,
                   which
                   ascending
                   to
                   the
                   Brain
                   ,
                   bred
                   so
                   great
                   a
                   disturbance
                   that
                   they
                   cannot
                   fly
                   so
                   high
                   as
                   otherways
                   they
                   would
                   .
                   And
                   it
                   is
                   good
                   to
                   give
                   them
                   Tiring
                   or
                   Plumage
                   at
                   night
                   ,
                   especially
                   field
                   -
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   but
                   not
                   River
                   -
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   for
                   fear
                   of
                   weakning
                   their
                   Backs
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   your
                   Hawk
                   hath
                   flown
                   or
                   bated
                   ,
                   feed
                   her
                   not
                   so
                   long
                   as
                   she
                   panteth
                   ,
                   (
                   but
                   let
                   her
                   be
                   first
                   in
                   breath
                   again
                   ;
                   )
                   otherways
                   you
                   may
                   bring
                   her
                   into
                   a
                   Disease
                   called
                   the
                   Pantas
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   a
                   Faulcon
                   or
                   other
                   Hawk
                   will
                   not
                   Seize
                   nor
                   Gorge
                   ,
                   take
                   the
                   Quill
                   of
                   a
                   Wild-goose
                   ,
                   and
                   tie
                   it
                   under
                   her
                   long
                   Single
                   ;
                   then
                   will
                   she
                   Seize
                   and
                   Gripe
                   .
                   When
                   she
                   beginneth
                   to
                   seize
                   ,
                   take
                   away
                   the
                   said
                   Quill
                   ,
                   and
                   she
                   will
                   seize
                   long
                   afterwards
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   cannot
                   give
                   Covert
                   to
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   or
                   Goshawk
                   ,
                   then
                   cast
                   her
                   off
                   with
                   the
                   Sun
                   in
                   her
                   back
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   draw
                   your
                   Hawk
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Mew
                   ,
                   if
                   she
                   be
                   greazie
                   ,
                   (
                   which
                   you
                   shall
                   know
                   by
                   her
                   round
                   fat
                   Thighs
                   and
                   her
                   full
                   Body
                   ,
                   the
                   flesh
                   being
                   round
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   high
                   as
                   her
                   Breast-bone
                   )
                   and
                   if
                   she
                   be
                   well
                   mew'd
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   all
                   her
                   Feathers
                   summed
                   ,
                   then
                   give
                   her
                   at
                   feeding-time
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   bits
                   of
                   hot
                   meat
                   ;
                   and
                   at
                   night
                   give
                   her
                   less
                   ,
                   unless
                   it
                   be
                   very
                   cold
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   she
                   feed
                   well
                   and
                   without
                   compulsion
                   ,
                   give
                   her
                   washt
                   meat
                   .
                   Thus
                   prepared
                   ,
                   take
                   the
                   Wings
                   of
                   a
                   Hen
                   for
                   her
                   Dinner
                   and
                   wash
                   them
                   in
                   two
                   Waters
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   morning
                   give
                   her
                   the
                   Legs
                   of
                   a
                   Hen
                   very
                   hot
                   ,
                   at
                   Noon
                   meat
                   temperately
                   warm
                   ,
                   a
                   good
                   Gorge
                   ;
                   then
                   let
                   her
                   fast
                   till
                   it
                   be
                   late
                   in
                   the
                   Evening
                   .
                   If
                   she
                   have
                   put
                   over
                   her
                   meat
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   is
                   nothing
                   left
                   in
                   her
                   Gorge
                   ,
                   then
                   give
                   her
                   warm
                   meat
                   ,
                   as
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   .
                   Thus
                   diet
                   her
                   till
                   it
                   be
                   convenient
                   to
                   give
                   her
                   Plumage
                   ,
                   the
                   which
                   you
                   may
                   know
                   by
                   these
                   tokens
                   :
                   First
                   ,
                   the
                   Flesh
                   of
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   Pinion
                   of
                   the
                   Hawk's
                   
                   Wing
                   will
                   seem
                   softer
                   and
                   tenderer
                   than
                   it
                   did
                   before
                   she
                   did
                   eat
                   washt
                   meat
                   .
                   Secondly
                   ,
                   if
                   her
                   Mewts
                   be
                   white
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   black
                   thereof
                   be
                   very
                   black
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   mingled
                   with
                   any
                   other
                   colour
                   .
                   Lastly
                   ,
                   if
                   she
                   be
                   sharp
                   set
                   ,
                   and
                   doth
                   plume
                   eagerly
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   give
                   her
                   Casting
                   either
                   of
                   a
                   Hare's
                   or
                   Coney's
                   Foot
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   small
                   Feathers
                   on
                   the
                   joynt
                   of
                   the
                   Wing
                   of
                   an
                   old
                   Hen.
                   
                
                 
                   Having
                   set
                   her
                   on
                   the
                   Pearch
                   ,
                   sweep
                   clean
                   underneath
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   see
                   whether
                   the
                   Mewt
                   be
                   full
                   of
                   streaks
                   ,
                   or
                   skins
                   ,
                   or
                   slimy
                   :
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   ,
                   then
                   continue
                   this
                   sort
                   of
                   Casting
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   nights
                   together
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   you
                   find
                   the
                   Feathers
                   digested
                   and
                   soft
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   her
                   Casting
                   is
                   great
                   ,
                   then
                   take
                   the
                   neck
                   of
                   an
                   old
                   Hen
                   ,
                   and
                   cut
                   it
                   between
                   the
                   joynts
                   ,
                   then
                   lay
                   it
                   in
                   cold
                   water
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   it
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   three
                   nights
                   together
                   ;
                   in
                   the
                   day-time
                   give
                   her
                   washt
                   meat
                   ,
                   after
                   this
                   Casting
                   or
                   Plumage
                   ,
                   as
                   you
                   shall
                   see
                   requisite
                   :
                   and
                   this
                   will
                   bear
                   all
                   down
                   into
                   the
                   Pannel
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   drawn
                   her
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Mew
                   ,
                   and
                   her
                   principal
                   Feathers
                   are
                   summed
                   ,
                   give
                   her
                   no
                   washt
                   meats
                   ,
                   but
                   quick
                   Birds
                   with
                   good
                   Gorges
                   ,
                   and
                   set
                   her
                   out
                   in
                   open
                   places
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   General
                   Instructions
                   for
                   an
                   Ostrager
                   or
                   Faulconer
                   .
                
                 
                   LEt
                   his
                   Jesses
                   and
                   Bewets
                   be
                   of
                   good
                   Leather
                   ,
                   having
                   Bells
                   big
                   and
                   shrill
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   proportion
                   of
                   the
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   Hood
                   that
                   is
                   bossed
                   at
                   the
                   Eyes
                   ,
                   and
                   sizable
                   for
                   the
                   Head.
                   
                
                 
                   He
                   must
                   use
                   his
                   Hawk
                   in
                   such
                   manner
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   may
                   make
                   her
                   grow
                   familiar
                   with
                   him
                   alone
                   or
                   in
                   company
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   to
                   that
                   end
                   he
                   must
                   often
                   unhood
                   and
                   hood
                   her
                   again
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   nine
                   nights
                   the
                   Faulconer
                   ought
                   not
                   to
                   let
                   his
                   Hawk
                   Jouk
                   at
                   all
                   ,
                   nor
                   suffer
                   her
                   to
                   pearch
                   ,
                   but
                   keep
                   her
                   during
                   that
                   time
                   continually
                   on
                   his
                   Fist.
                   
                
                 
                   When
                   the
                   Faulconer
                   would
                   call
                   his
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   set
                   her
                   on
                   the
                   Pearch
                   ,
                   unhood
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   shew
                   her
                   some
                   meat
                   within
                   his
                   Fist
                   ,
                   call
                   her
                   so
                   long
                   till
                   she
                   come
                   to
                   it
                   ,
                   then
                   feed
                   her
                   therewith
                   :
                   if
                   she
                   come
                   not
                   ,
                   let
                   her
                   stand
                   without
                   food
                   till
                   she
                   be
                   very
                   sharp
                   set
                   .
                   Observe
                   this
                   order
                   for
                   about
                   nine
                   days
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   would
                   lure
                   her
                   give
                   her
                   some
                   man
                   to
                   hold
                   ,
                   and
                   call
                   her
                   with
                   a
                   Lure
                   well
                   garnisht
                   with
                   meat
                   on
                   both
                   sides
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   her
                   a
                   bit
                   :
                   use
                   her
                   to
                   this
                   six
                   or
                   seven
                   days
                   ;
                   then
                   cause
                   her
                   to
                   be
                   held
                   farther
                   from
                   you
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   the
                   Lure
                   about
                   your
                   Head
                   ,
                   and
                   throw
                   it
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   a
                   little
                   way
                   from
                   you
                   :
                   if
                   she
                   come
                   to
                   it
                   roundly
                   ,
                   reward
                   her
                   bountifully
                   .
                   Having
                   used
                   her
                   to
                   this
                   some
                   certain
                   days
                   ,
                   take
                   your
                   Lure
                   garnished
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   ,
                   and
                   every
                   day
                   call
                   her
                   to
                   you
                   as
                   far
                   as
                   it
                   is
                   possible
                   for
                   her
                   to
                   see
                   or
                   hear
                   you
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   be
                   loose
                   from
                   all
                   her
                   Furniture
                   ,
                   without
                   Loins
                   or
                   Creance
                   .
                   If
                   she
                   come
                   freely
                   ,
                   reward
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   stop
                   her
                   now
                   and
                   then
                   in
                   her
                   feeding
                   ;
                   for
                   that
                   will
                   make
                   her
                   come
                   the
                   better
                   .
                   You
                   may
                   do
                   well
                   to
                   stop
                   the
                   Lure
                   upon
                   her
                   sometimes
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   fly
                   upon
                   you
                   .
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   requisite
                   to
                   bathe
                   her
                   before
                   you
                   take
                   this
                   course
                   ,
                   lest
                   when
                   she
                   is
                   at
                   liberty
                   she
                   rangle
                   to
                   see
                   Water
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   mean
                   time
                   you
                   lose
                   your
                   Hawk
                   ;
                   wherefore
                   bathe
                   her
                   every
                   seven
                   or
                   eight
                   days
                   ,
                   for
                   her
                   nature
                   requireth
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   thus
                   manned
                   ,
                   reclaimed
                   ,
                   and
                   lured
                   your
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   go
                   out
                   with
                   her
                   into
                   the
                   fields
                   ,
                   and
                   whistle
                   her
                   off
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   stand
                   still
                   to
                   see
                   what
                   she
                   will
                   do
                   ,
                   and
                   whether
                   she
                   will
                   rake
                   out
                   or
                   not
                   :
                   but
                   if
                   she
                   fly
                   round
                   about
                   you
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   good
                   Hawk
                   ought
                   to
                   do
                   ,
                   let
                   
                   her
                   fly
                   a
                   turn
                   or
                   two
                   ,
                   and
                   fling
                   her
                   out
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   foot
                   a
                   Chicken
                   or
                   Pullet
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   killed
                   it
                   ,
                   let
                   her
                   feed
                   thereon
                   .
                
                 
                   Unhood
                   her
                   often
                   as
                   you
                   bear
                   her
                   ;
                   continue
                   so
                   doing
                   till
                   she
                   hath
                   endewed
                   and
                   mewted
                   sufficiently
                   .
                
                 
                   Your
                   Hawk
                   being
                   thus
                   made
                   and
                   manned
                   ,
                   go
                   abroad
                   with
                   her
                   every
                   morning
                   when
                   it
                   is
                   fair
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   fly
                   her
                   be
                   plashy
                   ,
                   or
                   some
                   narrow
                   Brook
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   you
                   cast
                   her
                   off
                   ,
                   go
                   into
                   the
                   Wind
                   so
                   far
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Fowl
                   may
                   not
                   discover
                   you
                   .
                   When
                   she
                   is
                   cast
                   off
                   ,
                   and
                   beginneth
                   to
                   recover
                   her
                   Gate
                   ,
                   make
                   then
                   to
                   the
                   Brook
                   or
                   Plash
                   where
                   the
                   Fowl
                   lie
                   ,
                   always
                   making
                   your
                   Hawk
                   to
                   lean
                   in
                   upon
                   you
                   :
                   and
                   when
                   you
                   see
                   her
                   at
                   a
                   reasonable
                   pitch
                   ,
                   (
                   her
                   Head
                   being
                   in
                   )
                   lay
                   out
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   and
                   land
                   it
                   if
                   you
                   can
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   you
                   cannot
                   ,
                   take
                   down
                   your
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   kill
                   some
                   Train
                   ;
                   to
                   which
                   end
                   you
                   must
                   always
                   carry
                   some
                   live
                   Fowl
                   with
                   you
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   Duck
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   And
                   having
                   slipt
                   one
                   of
                   her
                   Wing
                   feathers
                   ,
                   thrust
                   it
                   through
                   her
                   Nares
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   her
                   up
                   as
                   high
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   underneath
                   your
                   Hawk
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   the
                   better
                   know
                   your
                   hand
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   would
                   have
                   your
                   Hawk
                   fly
                   at
                   one
                   particular
                   Fowl
                   more
                   than
                   at
                   another
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   then
                   feed
                   her
                   well
                   upon
                   a
                   Train
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   kind
                   ,
                   as
                   thus
                   :
                   Take
                   a
                   Creance
                   ,
                   and
                   tie
                   that
                   Fowl
                   you
                   would
                   accustom
                   her
                   to
                   fly
                   to
                   by
                   the
                   Beak
                   ,
                   with
                   meat
                   on
                   her
                   Back
                   ,
                   and
                   cause
                   one
                   to
                   stand
                   close
                   that
                   shall
                   hold
                   the
                   Creance
                   ;
                   then
                   standing
                   afar
                   off
                   ,
                   unhood
                   your
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   the
                   Fowl
                   be
                   stirred
                   and
                   drawn
                   with
                   the
                   Creance
                   until
                   your
                   Hawk
                   perceive
                   it
                   stir
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   she
                   foot
                   it
                   ,
                   make
                   another
                   Train
                   thus
                   :
                   Take
                   a
                   living
                   Fowl
                   that
                   can
                   fly
                   ,
                   half
                   seel
                   it
                   and
                   cast
                   it
                   out
                   ;
                   then
                   let
                   your
                   Hawk
                   fly
                   to
                   it
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   she
                   kill
                   it
                   ,
                   reward
                   her
                   well
                   upon
                   it
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   Rammage-faulcon
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   a
                   Faulconer
                   chance
                   to
                   recover
                   a
                   Rammage-hawk
                   that
                   was
                   never
                   handled
                   before
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   immediately
                   seel
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   that
                   instant
                   put
                   on
                   her
                   Jesses
                   made
                   of
                   soft
                   leather
                   ;
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   thereof
                   fix
                   two
                   Varvels
                   ,
                   the
                   one
                   may
                   bear
                   your
                   Coat
                   of
                   Arms
                   ,
                   the
                   other
                   your
                   Name
                   ,
                   that
                   if
                   she
                   chance
                   to
                   be
                   lost
                   ,
                   they
                   that
                   take
                   her
                   up
                   may
                   know
                   where
                   to
                   return
                   her
                   :
                   put
                   her
                   on
                   also
                   a
                   pair
                   of
                   Bells
                   with
                   two
                   proper
                   Bewets
                   .
                   Having
                   thus
                   furnished
                   her
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   begin
                   her
                   manning
                   by
                   gentle
                   handling
                   .
                   To
                   avoid
                   the
                   danger
                   of
                   her
                   Beak
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   have
                   a
                   smooth
                   Stick
                   about
                   half
                   a
                   foot
                   in
                   length
                   ,
                   with
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   stroak
                   your
                   Hawk
                   about
                   the
                   Pinions
                   of
                   her
                   Wings
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   downwards
                   thwart
                   her
                   Train
                   .
                   If
                   she
                   offer
                   to
                   snap
                   at
                   the
                   Stick
                   ,
                   withdraw
                   not
                   your
                   hand
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   bite
                   thereon
                   ,
                   the
                   hardness
                   whereof
                   will
                   soon
                   make
                   her
                   weary
                   of
                   that
                   sport
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   would
                   man
                   her
                   well
                   ,
                   you
                   should
                   watch
                   all
                   the
                   night
                   ,
                   keeping
                   her
                   continually
                   on
                   your
                   Fist.
                   
                
                 
                   You
                   must
                   teach
                   her
                   to
                   feed
                   seel'd
                   ;
                   and
                   having
                   a
                   great
                   and
                   easie
                   Rufter-hood
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   hood
                   and
                   unhood
                   her
                   often
                   ,
                   seel'd
                   as
                   she
                   is
                   ,
                   handling
                   her
                   gently
                   about
                   the
                   head
                   ,
                   coying
                   her
                   always
                   when
                   you
                   unhood
                   her
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   intent
                   she
                   may
                   not
                   be
                   displeased
                   with
                   her
                   Keeper
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   her
                   plume
                   and
                   tire
                   sometimes
                   upon
                   a
                   Wing
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   keeping
                   her
                   so
                   day
                   and
                   night
                   ,
                   without
                   pearthing
                   ,
                   until
                   she
                   be
                   weary
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   suffer
                   you
                   to
                   hood
                   her
                   without
                   stirring
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   your
                   Hawk
                   be
                   so
                   rammage
                   that
                   she
                   will
                   not
                   leave
                   her
                   snapping
                   or
                   biting
                   ,
                   then
                   take
                   a
                   little
                   
                     Aloes
                     succotrina
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   she
                   offers
                   to
                   snap
                   ,
                   give
                   it
                   her
                   to
                   bite
                   ;
                   the
                   bitterness
                   whereof
                   will
                   quickly
                   make
                   her
                   leave
                   that
                   ill
                   quality
                   .
                   Garlick
                   I
                   have
                   heard
                   will
                   do
                   the
                   
                   like
                   ,
                   the
                   strong
                   scent
                   thereof
                   being
                   equally
                   offensive
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   Hood
                   a
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   seel'd
                   your
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   fit
                   her
                   with
                   a
                   large
                   easie
                   Hood
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   take
                   off
                   and
                   put
                   on
                   very
                   often
                   ,
                   watching
                   her
                   two
                   nights
                   ,
                   handling
                   her
                   frequently
                   and
                   gently
                   about
                   the
                   Head
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   .
                   When
                   you
                   perceive
                   she
                   hath
                   no
                   aversion
                   to
                   the
                   Hood
                   ,
                   unseel
                   her
                   in
                   an
                   Evening
                   by
                   Candle-light
                   ;
                   continue
                   handling
                   her
                   softly
                   ,
                   often
                   hooding
                   and
                   unhooding
                   her
                   ,
                   until
                   she
                   takes
                   no
                   offence
                   at
                   the
                   Hood
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   patiently
                   endure
                   handling
                   .
                
                 
                   Take
                   this
                   Observation
                   by
                   the
                   way
                   ,
                   That
                   it
                   is
                   the
                   duty
                   of
                   a
                   Faulconer
                   to
                   be
                   endowed
                   with
                   a
                   great
                   deal
                   of
                   Patience
                   ;
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   next
                   place
                   he
                   ought
                   to
                   have
                   a
                   natural
                   love
                   and
                   inclination
                   to
                   Hawks
                   ;
                   without
                   these
                   two
                   Qualifications
                   ,
                   all
                   the
                   Professors
                   of
                   this
                   Art
                   will
                   prove
                   Mar-Hawks
                   instead
                   of
                   good
                   Faulconers
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   to
                   return
                   where
                   I
                   left
                   off
                   :
                   If
                   your
                   seel'd
                   Hawk
                   feeds
                   well
                   ,
                   abides
                   the
                   Hood
                   and
                   handling
                   without
                   striking
                   or
                   biting
                   ,
                   then
                   by
                   Candle-light
                   in
                   an
                   Evening
                   unseel
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   your
                   Finger
                   and
                   Spittle
                   anoint
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   the
                   Seeling-thread
                   was
                   drawn
                   through
                   ;
                   then
                   hood
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   hold
                   her
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   all
                   night
                   ,
                   often
                   hooding
                   ,
                   unhooding
                   ,
                   and
                   handling
                   her
                   ,
                   stroaking
                   her
                   gently
                   about
                   the
                   Wings
                   and
                   Body
                   ,
                   giving
                   her
                   sometimes
                   a
                   bit
                   or
                   two
                   ,
                   also
                   Tiring
                   or
                   Plumage
                   .
                   Being
                   well
                   reclaimed
                   ,
                   let
                   her
                   sit
                   upon
                   a
                   Pearch
                   ;
                   but
                   every
                   night
                   keep
                   her
                   on
                   the
                   Fist
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   hours
                   ,
                   stroaking
                   ,
                   hooding
                   ,
                   and
                   unhooding
                   ,
                   &c.
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   :
                   and
                   thus
                   you
                   may
                   do
                   in
                   the
                   day-time
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   hath
                   learn'd
                   to
                   feed
                   eagerly
                   without
                   fear
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Hawk
                   know
                   your
                   Voice
                   ,
                   and
                   her
                   own
                   Feeding
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   mann'd
                   your
                   Hawk
                   so
                   that
                   she
                   feeds
                   boldly
                   ,
                   acquaint
                   her
                   with
                   your
                   Voice
                   ,
                   Whistle
                   ,
                   and
                   such
                   words
                   as
                   Faulconers
                   use
                   :
                   you
                   may
                   do
                   it
                   by
                   frequently
                   repeating
                   them
                   to
                   her
                   as
                   she
                   is
                   feeding
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   But
                   I
                   think
                   the
                   best
                   way
                   of
                   making
                   her
                   acquainted
                   with
                   them
                   ,
                   is
                   by
                   your
                   experience
                   and
                   practice
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   she
                   feeds
                   boldly
                   ,
                   and
                   knows
                   your
                   Voice
                   and
                   Whistle
                   ,
                   then
                   teach
                   her
                   to
                   know
                   her
                   Feeding
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   bate
                   at
                   it
                   in
                   this
                   manner
                   :
                   Shew
                   her
                   some
                   meat
                   with
                   your
                   right
                   hand
                   ,
                   crying
                   and
                   luring
                   to
                   her
                   aloud
                   ;
                   if
                   she
                   bate
                   or
                   strike
                   at
                   it
                   ,
                   then
                   let
                   her
                   quickly
                   and
                   neatly
                   foot
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   feed
                   on
                   it
                   for
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   bits
                   .
                   Do
                   thus
                   often
                   ,
                   and
                   she
                   will
                   know
                   her
                   Feeding
                   the
                   better
                   .
                
                 
                   After
                   this
                   ,
                   give
                   her
                   every
                   night
                   some
                   Casting
                   either
                   of
                   Feathers
                   ,
                   or
                   Cotton
                   with
                   Cloves
                   or
                   Aloes
                   wrapt
                   up
                   therein
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   These
                   Castings
                   make
                   a
                   Hawk
                   clean
                   and
                   eager
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   your
                   Hawk
                   bold
                   and
                   venturous
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   first
                   place
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   her
                   hardy
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   permit
                   her
                   to
                   Plume
                   a
                   Pullet
                   or
                   large
                   Chicken
                   in
                   a
                   place
                   where
                   there
                   is
                   not
                   much
                   light
                   :
                   her
                   Hood
                   in
                   a
                   readiness
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   have
                   either
                   of
                   the
                   aforesaid
                   alive
                   in
                   your
                   hand
                   ;
                   then
                   kneeling
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   luring
                   and
                   crying
                   aloud
                   to
                   her
                   ,
                   make
                   her
                   plume
                   and
                   pull
                   the
                   Pullet
                   a
                   little
                   ;
                   then
                   with
                   your
                   Teeth
                   drawing
                   the
                   Strings
                   ,
                   unhood
                   her
                   softly
                   ,
                   suffering
                   her
                   to
                   pluck
                   it
                   with
                   her
                   Beak
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   times
                   more
                   ;
                   then
                   throw
                   out
                   the
                   Pullet
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   encourage
                   her
                   to
                   seize
                   it
                   .
                   When
                   you
                   perceive
                   she
                   breaks
                   it
                   and
                   takes
                   bloud
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   
                   lure
                   and
                   cry
                   aloud
                   to
                   her
                   ,
                   encouraging
                   her
                   all
                   the
                   ways
                   imaginable
                   :
                   then
                   hood
                   her
                   gently
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   her
                   Tiring
                   of
                   the
                   Wing
                   or
                   Fóot
                   of
                   the
                   said
                   Pullet
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Hawk
                   know
                   the
                   Lure
                   .
                
                 
                   Your
                   Hawk
                   having
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   times
                   thus
                   killed
                   a
                   Pullet
                   or
                   large
                   Chicken
                   in
                   some
                   secret
                   place
                   ,
                   then
                   thus
                   reach
                   her
                   to
                   know
                   the
                   Lure
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   fastned
                   a
                   Pullet
                   unto
                   your
                   Lure
                   ,
                   go
                   apart
                   ,
                   giving
                   your
                   Hawk
                   unto
                   another
                   ,
                   who
                   must
                   draw
                   loose
                   the
                   strings
                   of
                   her
                   Hood
                   in
                   readiness
                   :
                   Being
                   gone
                   a
                   little
                   way
                   ,
                   take
                   half
                   the
                   length
                   of
                   the
                   String
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   it
                   about
                   your
                   Head
                   ,
                   luring
                   with
                   your
                   voice
                   at
                   the
                   same
                   time
                   ;
                   then
                   let
                   your
                   Hawk
                   be
                   unhooded
                   as
                   you
                   are
                   throwing
                   your
                   Lure
                   a
                   little
                   way
                   from
                   her
                   ,
                   not
                   ceasing
                   luring
                   all
                   the
                   while
                   .
                   If
                   she
                   stoop
                   to
                   the
                   Lure
                   and
                   seize
                   ,
                   suffer
                   her
                   to
                   plume
                   the
                   Pullet
                   ,
                   still
                   coying
                   and
                   luring
                   with
                   your
                   voice
                   ;
                   then
                   let
                   her
                   feed
                   on
                   the
                   Pullet
                   upon
                   the
                   Lure
                   :
                   After
                   that
                   ,
                   take
                   her
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   together
                   with
                   her
                   meat
                   ,
                   then
                   hood
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   tire
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   .
                   And
                   thus
                   you
                   may
                   teach
                   her
                   to
                   come
                   by
                   degrees
                   to
                   a
                   very
                   great
                   distance
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Hawk
                   flying
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   your
                   Hawk
                   or
                   Haggard-faulcon
                   will
                   come
                   and
                   stoop
                   to
                   the
                   Lure
                   roundly
                   without
                   any
                   fear
                   or
                   coyness
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   put
                   her
                   on
                   a
                   great
                   pair
                   of
                   Luring-bells
                   ;
                   the
                   like
                   you
                   must
                   do
                   to
                   a
                   Soar-hawk
                   :
                   by
                   so
                   much
                   greater
                   must
                   the
                   Bells
                   be
                   ,
                   by
                   how
                   much
                   your
                   Hawk
                   is
                   giddy-headed
                   ,
                   and
                   apt
                   to
                   rake
                   out
                   at
                   Check
                   .
                
                 
                   That
                   being
                   done
                   ,
                   and
                   she
                   sharp
                   set
                   ,
                   go
                   in
                   a
                   fair
                   morning
                   into
                   some
                   large
                   Field
                   on
                   Horseback
                   ,
                   which
                   Field
                   must
                   be
                   very
                   little
                   incumbred
                   with
                   Wood
                   or
                   Trees
                   :
                   having
                   your
                   Hawk
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   ride
                   up
                   into
                   the
                   wind
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   having
                   loosned
                   her
                   Hood
                   ,
                   whistle
                   softly
                   to
                   provoke
                   her
                   to
                   fly
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   you
                   will
                   observe
                   she
                   will
                   begin
                   to
                   bate
                   ,
                   or
                   at
                   least
                   to
                   flap
                   with
                   her
                   Flags
                   and
                   Sails
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   raise
                   her self
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   :
                   then
                   suffer
                   her
                   until
                   she
                   rouze
                   or
                   Mewt
                   :
                   when
                   she
                   hath
                   done
                   either
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   unhood
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   fly
                   with
                   her
                   Head
                   into
                   the
                   Wind
                   ;
                   for
                   thereby
                   she
                   will
                   be
                   the
                   better
                   able
                   to
                   get
                   upon
                   the
                   Wing
                   ;
                   then
                   will
                   she
                   naturally
                   climbe
                   upwards
                   ,
                   flying
                   in
                   a
                   circle
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   she
                   hath
                   flown
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   Turns
                   ,
                   then
                   cry
                   and
                   lure
                   with
                   your
                   Voice
                   ,
                   casting
                   the
                   Lure
                   about
                   your
                   head
                   ,
                   unto
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   first
                   tie
                   a
                   Pullet
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   come
                   in
                   and
                   approach
                   near
                   you
                   ,
                   then
                   cast
                   out
                   the
                   Lure
                   into
                   the
                   Wind
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   she
                   stoop
                   to
                   it
                   ,
                   reward
                   her
                   as
                   before
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   is
                   one
                   great
                   fault
                   you
                   will
                   often
                   find
                   in
                   the
                   making
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   flying
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   flieth
                   from
                   the
                   Fist
                   she
                   will
                   not
                   get
                   up
                   ,
                   but
                   take
                   stand
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ;
                   a
                   frequent
                   fault
                   in
                   Soar-faulcons
                   .
                   You
                   must
                   then
                   fright
                   her
                   up
                   with
                   your
                   Wand
                   ,
                   riding
                   in
                   to
                   her
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   you
                   have
                   forced
                   her
                   to
                   take
                   a
                   Turn
                   or
                   two
                   ,
                   take
                   her
                   down
                   to
                   the
                   Lure
                   and
                   feed
                   her
                   .
                   But
                   if
                   this
                   do
                   no
                   good
                   ,
                   then
                   you
                   must
                   have
                   in
                   readiness
                   a
                   Duck
                   seeled
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   see
                   no
                   way
                   but
                   backwards
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   will
                   make
                   her
                   mount
                   the
                   higher
                   .
                   This
                   Duck
                   you
                   must
                   hold
                   by
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Wings
                   near
                   the
                   body
                   in
                   your
                   right
                   hand
                   ,
                   then
                   lure
                   with
                   your
                   voice
                   to
                   make
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   turn
                   the
                   head
                   :
                   when
                   she
                   is
                   at
                   a
                   reasonable
                   pitch
                   ,
                   cast
                   up
                   your
                   Duck
                   just
                   under
                   her
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   perceive
                   it
                   :
                   if
                   she
                   strike
                   ,
                   stoop
                   ,
                   or
                   truss
                   the
                   Duck
                   ,
                   permit
                   her
                   to
                   kill
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   reward
                   her
                   ,
                   giving
                   her
                   a
                   reasonable
                   Gorge
                   .
                   Use
                   this
                   custom
                   twice
                   or
                   thrice
                   ,
                   and
                   your
                   Hawk
                   will
                   leave
                   the
                   Stand
                   ,
                   delighting
                   on
                   the
                   Wing
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   become
                   very
                   obedient
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   for
                   the
                   first
                   or
                   second
                   time
                   it
                   is
                   not
                   convenient
                   ,
                   to
                   shew
                   your
                   Hawk
                   great
                   or
                   large
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   
                   for
                   it
                   often
                   happens
                   that
                   they
                   slip
                   from
                   the
                   Hawk
                   into
                   the
                   wind
                   ;
                   the
                   Hawk
                   not
                   recovering
                   them
                   ,
                   raketh
                   after
                   them
                   ,
                   which
                   puts
                   the
                   Faulconer
                   to
                   much
                   trouble
                   ,
                   and
                   frequently
                   occasions
                   the
                   loss
                   of
                   his
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   if
                   it
                   so
                   chance
                   that
                   your
                   Hawk
                   so
                   rake
                   out
                   with
                   a
                   Fowl
                   that
                   she
                   cannot
                   recover
                   it
                   ,
                   but
                   gives
                   it
                   over
                   and
                   comes
                   in
                   again
                   directly
                   upon
                   you
                   ,
                   then
                   cast
                   out
                   a
                   seeled
                   Duck
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   she
                   stoop
                   and
                   truss
                   it
                   ,
                   cross
                   the
                   Wings
                   ,
                   and
                   permit
                   her
                   to
                   take
                   her
                   pleasure
                   ,
                   rewarding
                   her
                   also
                   with
                   the
                   Heart
                   ,
                   Brains
                   ,
                   Tongue
                   ,
                   and
                   Liver
                   .
                   For
                   want
                   of
                   a
                   quick
                   Duck
                   ,
                   take
                   her
                   down
                   with
                   the
                   dry
                   Lure
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   plume
                   a
                   Pullet
                   ,
                   and
                   feed
                   her
                   upon
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   By
                   so
                   doing
                   ,
                   your
                   Hawk
                   will
                   learn
                   to
                   give
                   over
                   a
                   Fowl
                   that
                   rakes
                   out
                   ,
                   and
                   hearing
                   the
                   Lure
                   of
                   the
                   Faulconer
                   ,
                   will
                   make
                   back
                   again
                   to
                   the
                   River
                   ,
                   and
                   know
                   the
                   better
                   to
                   hold
                   in
                   the
                   Head.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   A
                   Flight
                   for
                   a
                   Haggard
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   intend
                   a
                   Flight
                   for
                   a
                   Haggard
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   first
                   ,
                   second
                   ,
                   and
                   third
                   time
                   ,
                   make
                   choice
                   of
                   such
                   a
                   place
                   where
                   there
                   are
                   no
                   Crows
                   ,
                   Rooks
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   like
                   ,
                   to
                   take
                   away
                   all
                   occasion
                   of
                   her
                   raking
                   out
                   after
                   such
                   Check
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   her
                   not
                   fly
                   out
                   too
                   far
                   on
                   head
                   at
                   the
                   first
                   ,
                   but
                   run
                   after
                   and
                   cry
                   ,
                   
                     Why
                     lo
                     ,
                     why
                     lo
                  
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   her
                   turn
                   Head.
                   When
                   she
                   is
                   come
                   in
                   ,
                   take
                   her
                   down
                   with
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   unto
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   fastned
                   a
                   live
                   Pullet
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   Tire
                   ,
                   Plume
                   ,
                   and
                   feed
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   .
                
                 
                   Sometimes
                   a
                   Haggard
                   out
                   of
                   pride
                   and
                   a
                   gadding
                   humour
                   will
                   rangle
                   out
                   from
                   her
                   Keeper
                   :
                   then
                   clog
                   her
                   with
                   great
                   Luring-bells
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   her
                   a
                   Train
                   or
                   two
                   with
                   a
                   Duck
                   seeled
                   ,
                   to
                   teach
                   her
                   to
                   hold
                   in
                   and
                   know
                   her
                   keeper
                   :
                   take
                   her
                   down
                   often
                   with
                   the
                   dry
                   Lure
                   ,
                   and
                   reward
                   her
                   bountifully
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   be
                   ever
                   
                   well
                   in
                   bloud
                   ,
                   or
                   you
                   may
                   whoop
                   for
                   your
                   Hawk
                   to
                   no
                   purpose
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Soar-faulcon
                   or
                   Haggard
                   kill
                   her
                   Game
                   at
                   the
                   very
                   first
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   she
                   be
                   well
                   lured
                   ,
                   flieth
                   a
                   good
                   Gate
                   ,
                   and
                   stoopeth
                   well
                   ,
                   then
                   cast
                   off
                   a
                   well-quaried
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   stoop
                   a
                   Fowl
                   on
                   Brook
                   or
                   Plash
                   ,
                   and
                   watch
                   her
                   till
                   she
                   put
                   it
                   to
                   the
                   plunge
                   :
                   then
                   take
                   down
                   your
                   Make-Hawk
                   reward
                   her
                   ,
                   hood
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   set
                   her
                   ;
                   so
                   you
                   may
                   make
                   use
                   of
                   her
                   if
                   need
                   require
                   .
                
                 
                   Then
                   take
                   your
                   Hawk
                   un-entred
                   ,
                   and
                   going
                   up
                   the
                   wind
                   half
                   a
                   Bow-shot
                   ,
                   unloose
                   her
                   Hood
                   ,
                   and
                   softly
                   whistle
                   her
                   off
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   until
                   she
                   have
                   rouzed
                   or
                   mewted
                   :
                   then
                   let
                   her
                   fly
                   with
                   her
                   Head
                   into
                   the
                   wind
                   ,
                   having
                   first
                   given
                   notice
                   or
                   warning
                   to
                   the
                   company
                   to
                   be
                   in
                   readiness
                   against
                   the
                   Hawk
                   be
                   in
                   a
                   good
                   Gate
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   shew
                   Water
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   lay
                   out
                   the
                   Fowl.
                   
                
                 
                   When
                   she
                   is
                   at
                   a
                   good
                   pitch
                   ,
                   and
                   covering
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   then
                   notifie
                   that
                   all
                   the
                   company
                   make
                   in
                   at
                   once
                   to
                   the
                   Brook
                   upon
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   to
                   land
                   her
                   :
                   if
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   strike
                   ,
                   stoop
                   ,
                   or
                   truss
                   her
                   Game
                   ,
                   run
                   in
                   to
                   help
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   crossing
                   the
                   Fowls
                   Wing
                   ,
                   let
                   her
                   take
                   her
                   pleasure
                   thereon
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   she
                   kill
                   not
                   the
                   Fowl
                   at
                   first
                   stooping
                   ,
                   give
                   her
                   then
                   respite
                   to
                   recover
                   her
                   Gate
                   .
                   When
                   she
                   hath
                   got
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   her
                   Head
                   in
                   ,
                   then
                   lay
                   out
                   the
                   Fowl
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   ,
                   until
                   you
                   land
                   it
                   at
                   last
                   ;
                   nor
                   forgetting
                   to
                   help
                   her
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   she
                   hath
                   seized
                   it
                   ,
                   giving
                   also
                   her
                   due
                   Reward
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   Remedy
                   for
                   a
                   Hawk's
                   taking
                   Stand
                   in
                   a
                   Tree
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   first
                   place
                   you
                   must
                   chuse
                   such
                   places
                   where
                   are
                   no
                   Wood
                   or
                   Trees
                   ,
                   or
                   as
                   little
                   as
                   may
                   be
                   .
                   If
                   you
                   cannot
                   avoid
                   it
                   ,
                   then
                   have
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   live
                   Trains
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   them
                   to
                   as
                   many
                   men
                   ,
                   placing
                   them
                   conveniently
                   for
                   to
                   use
                   them
                   .
                   When
                   therefore
                   your
                   Hawk
                   hath
                   stooped
                   ,
                   and
                   endeavours
                   to
                   go
                   to
                   stand
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   to
                   whom
                   the
                   Hawk
                   most
                   bends
                   cast
                   out
                   his
                   Train-Duck
                   seeled
                   :
                   if
                   the
                   Hawk
                   kill
                   her
                   ,
                   reward
                   her
                   therewith
                   .
                   If
                   this
                   course
                   will
                   not
                   remedy
                   that
                   fault
                   in
                   her
                   by
                   twice
                   or
                   thrice
                   so
                   doing
                   ,
                   my
                   advice
                   is
                   then
                   to
                   part
                   with
                   the
                   Buzzard
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   help
                   a
                   Hawk
                   froward
                   and
                   coy
                   through
                   pride
                   of
                   Grease
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   is
                   a
                   scurvy
                   quality
                   in
                   some
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   proceeding
                   from
                   pride
                   of
                   Grease
                   ,
                   or
                   being
                   high
                   kept
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   a
                   disdainful
                   coyness
                   .
                   Such
                   a
                   Hawk
                   therefore
                   must
                   not
                   be
                   rewarded
                   although
                   she
                   kill
                   ;
                   yet
                   give
                   her
                   leave
                   to
                   plume
                   a
                   little
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   let
                   the
                   Faulconer
                   take
                   a
                   Sheeps-Heart
                   cold
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   Leg
                   of
                   a
                   Pullet
                   ,
                   and
                   whilst
                   the
                   Hawk
                   is
                   busie
                   in
                   pluming
                   ,
                   let
                   either
                   of
                   them
                   be
                   conveyed
                   into
                   the
                   Body
                   of
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   may
                   favour
                   thereof
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   the
                   Hawk
                   hath
                   eaten
                   the
                   Brains
                   ,
                   Heart
                   ,
                   and
                   Tongue
                   of
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   then
                   take
                   out
                   your
                   Inclosure
                   ,
                   and
                   call
                   your
                   Hawk
                   with
                   it
                   to
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   and
                   feed
                   her
                   therewith
                   :
                   after
                   this
                   give
                   her
                   some
                   Feathers
                   of
                   the
                   Neck
                   of
                   the
                   Fowl
                   to
                   scowr
                   and
                   make
                   her
                   cast
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   To
                   make
                   a
                   Hawk
                   hold
                   in
                   her
                   Head
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   mind
                   Check
                   .
                
                 
                   Take
                   a
                   piece
                   of
                   a
                   Lease
                   ,
                   and
                   fasten
                   it
                   to
                   your
                   Lure-string
                   ,
                   the
                   other
                   end
                   to
                   the
                   Wing
                   of
                   a
                   Pidgeon
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   may
                   put
                   in
                   and
                   pull
                   out
                   of
                   your
                   Hawking-bag
                   at
                   your
                   conveniency
                   :
                   when
                   you
                   find
                   your
                   Hawk
                   apt
                   to
                   go
                   out
                   ,
                   shew
                   your
                   Pidgeon
                   .
                   I
                   would
                   not
                   have
                   you
                   use
                   it
                   often
                   ;
                   for
                   it
                   draws
                   a
                   Hawk
                   from
                   her
                   place
                   if
                   well
                   flown
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   continue
                   and
                   keep
                   a
                   Hawk
                   in
                   her
                   high-flying
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   your
                   Hawk
                   be
                   a
                   stately
                   high-flying
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   you
                   ought
                   not
                   to
                   engage
                   her
                   in
                   more
                   flights
                   than
                   one
                   in
                   a
                   morning
                   :
                   for
                   often
                   flying
                   brings
                   her
                   off
                   from
                   her
                   stately
                   pitch
                   .
                   If
                   she
                   be
                   well
                   made
                   for
                   the
                   River
                   ,
                   fly
                   her
                   not
                   above
                   twice
                   in
                   a
                   morning
                   ;
                   yet
                   feed
                   her
                   up
                   though
                   she
                   kill
                   not
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   a
                   high-flying
                   Hawk
                   being
                   whistled
                   to
                   ,
                   gathers
                   upwards
                   to
                   a
                   great
                   gate
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   continue
                   her
                   therein
                   ,
                   never
                   flying
                   her
                   but
                   upon
                   broad
                   Waters
                   and
                   open
                   Rivers
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   she
                   is
                   at
                   the
                   highest
                   ,
                   take
                   her
                   down
                   with
                   your
                   Lure
                   ;
                   where
                   when
                   she
                   hath
                   plumed
                   and
                   broken
                   the
                   Fowl
                   a
                   little
                   ,
                   then
                   feed
                   her
                   up
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   you
                   shall
                   maintain
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   high-flying
                   ,
                   inwards
                   ,
                   and
                   very
                   fond
                   of
                   the
                   Lure
                   .
                
                 
                   Some
                   will
                   have
                   this
                   high-flying
                   Faulcon
                   seldom
                   to
                   kill
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   to
                   stoop
                   :
                   yet
                   if
                   she
                   kill
                   every
                   day
                   ,
                   although
                   she
                   stoop
                   from
                   a
                   high
                   Gate
                   ,
                   yet
                   if
                   she
                   be
                   not
                   rebuked
                   or
                   hurt
                   therewith
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   ,
                   I
                   can
                   assure
                   you
                   ,
                   become
                   a
                   higher
                   flier
                   every
                   day
                   than
                   other
                   ;
                   but
                   she
                   will
                   grow
                   less
                   fond
                   of
                   the
                   Lure
                   .
                   Wherefore
                   your
                   
                   high-flying
                   Hawks
                   should
                   be
                   made
                   inwards
                   ,
                   it
                   being
                   a
                   commendable
                   quality
                   in
                   them
                   to
                   make
                   in
                   and
                   turn
                   head
                   at
                   the
                   second
                   or
                   third
                   toss
                   of
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   she
                   poureth
                   down
                   upon
                   it
                   as
                   if
                   she
                   had
                   killed
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   as
                   the
                   teaching
                   of
                   a
                   Faulcon
                   ,
                   or
                   any
                   other
                   Hawk
                   to
                   come
                   readily
                   to
                   and
                   love
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   is
                   an
                   art
                   highly
                   commendable
                   ,
                   because
                   it
                   is
                   the
                   effect
                   of
                   great
                   labour
                   and
                   industry
                   :
                   so
                   it
                   is
                   the
                   cause
                   of
                   saving
                   many
                   a
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   which
                   otherways
                   would
                   be
                   lost
                   irrecoverably
                   .
                
                 
                   Mark
                   this
                   by
                   the
                   way
                   ,
                   that
                   some
                   naturally
                   high-flying
                   Hawks
                   will
                   be
                   long
                   before
                   they
                   be
                   made
                   upwards
                   ,
                   still
                   fishing
                   and
                   playing
                   the
                   slugs
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   they
                   should
                   get
                   up
                   to
                   cover
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   stoop
                   before
                   the
                   Fowl
                   be
                   put
                   out
                   :
                   And
                   this
                   may
                   proceed
                   from
                   two
                   causes
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   first
                   place
                   ,
                   she
                   may
                   be
                   too
                   sharp
                   set
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   next
                   place
                   ,
                   it
                   may
                   be
                   she
                   is
                   flown
                   untimely
                   ,
                   either
                   too
                   soon
                   or
                   too
                   late
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   see
                   a
                   Hawk
                   use
                   those
                   evil
                   Tatches
                   without
                   any
                   visible
                   cause
                   ,
                   cast
                   her
                   out
                   a
                   dead
                   Fowl
                   for
                   a
                   dead
                   Quarry
                   ,
                   and
                   hood
                   her
                   up
                   instantly
                   without
                   Reward
                   ,
                   to
                   discourage
                   her
                   from
                   practising
                   the
                   like
                   another
                   time
                   :
                   half
                   an
                   hour
                   afterwards
                   call
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   Lure
                   and
                   feed
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   serve
                   her
                   after
                   this
                   manner
                   as
                   often
                   as
                   she
                   fisheth
                   in
                   that
                   fashion
                   .
                
                 
                   Besides
                   ,
                   to
                   correct
                   this
                   errour
                   ,
                   the
                   Faulconer
                   ought
                   to
                   consult
                   the
                   natures
                   and
                   dispositions
                   of
                   his
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   and
                   should
                   carefully
                   observe
                   which
                   fly
                   high
                   when
                   in
                   good
                   plight
                   ,
                   and
                   which
                   best
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   kept
                   low
                   ;
                   which
                   when
                   sharpest
                   set
                   ,
                   and
                   which
                   on
                   the
                   contrary
                   in
                   a
                   mean
                   between
                   both
                   ;
                   which
                   early
                   at
                   Sun-rising
                   ,
                   which
                   when
                   the
                   Sun
                   is
                   but
                   two
                   hours
                   high
                   ;
                   which
                   sooner
                   ,
                   and
                   which
                   later
                   in
                   an
                   evening
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   know
                   that
                   the
                   natures
                   of
                   Hawks
                   are
                   different
                   ;
                   so
                   are
                   the
                   time
                   to
                   fly
                   each
                   one
                   :
                   for
                   to
                   fly
                   a
                   Hawk
                   in
                   her
                   proper
                   times
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   fly
                   her
                   out
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   is
                   as
                   disagreeable
                   
                   as
                   the
                   flight
                   of
                   a
                   Gerfaulcon
                   and
                   a
                   Buzzard
                   .
                   Therefore
                   the
                   Ostrager
                   must
                   fly
                   his
                   Hawks
                   according
                   to
                   their
                   natures
                   and
                   dispositions
                   ,
                   keeping
                   them
                   always
                   in
                   good
                   order
                   .
                
                 
                   Where
                   by
                   the
                   by
                   take
                   notice
                   ,
                   all
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   Soar-hawks
                   as
                   Mew'd-hawks
                   and
                   Haggards
                   ,
                   should
                   be
                   set
                   out
                   in
                   the
                   Evening
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   hours
                   ,
                   some
                   more
                   ,
                   some
                   less
                   ,
                   having
                   respect
                   to
                   their
                   nature
                   as
                   it
                   is
                   stronger
                   or
                   weaker
                   ;
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   also
                   according
                   as
                   they
                   cast
                   ,
                   hooding
                   them
                   first
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   setting
                   them
                   abroad
                   a
                   weathering
                   ,
                   until
                   you
                   get
                   on
                   Horseback
                   to
                   prosecute
                   your
                   Recreation
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   A
                   Flight
                   for
                   the
                   Hern.
                   
                
                 
                   This
                   Flight
                   hath
                   less
                   of
                   Art
                   in
                   it
                   than
                   Pleasure
                   to
                   the
                   beholders
                   ;
                   and
                   ,
                   to
                   say
                   the
                   truth
                   ,
                   the
                   Flight
                   is
                   stately
                   and
                   most
                   noble
                   .
                
                 
                   As
                   it
                   is
                   less
                   difficult
                   to
                   teach
                   a
                   Hawk
                   to
                   fly
                   at
                   Fowl
                   than
                   it
                   is
                   to
                   come
                   unto
                   and
                   love
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   the
                   first
                   being
                   natural
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   the
                   last
                   ;
                   so
                   there
                   is
                   less
                   industry
                   to
                   be
                   used
                   in
                   making
                   a
                   Hawk
                   fly
                   the
                   Hern
                   than
                   Water-fowl
                   .
                   To
                   the
                   first
                   she
                   is
                   instigated
                   by
                   a
                   natural
                   propensity
                   and
                   inclination
                   ;
                   to
                   the
                   latter
                   she
                   is
                   brought
                   with
                   art
                   ,
                   pains
                   ,
                   and
                   much
                   diligence
                   .
                
                 
                   At
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   March
                   Herns
                   begin
                   to
                   make
                   their
                   Passage
                   :
                   if
                   therefore
                   you
                   will
                   adapt
                   your
                   Faulcons
                   for
                   the
                   Hern
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   not
                   let
                   them
                   fly
                   longer
                   at
                   the
                   River
                   ,
                   and
                   withal
                   you
                   must
                   pull
                   them
                   down
                   to
                   make
                   them
                   light
                   ;
                   which
                   is
                   done
                   by
                   giving
                   them
                   Hearts
                   and
                   flesh
                   of
                   Lambs
                   and
                   Calves
                   ,
                   also
                   Chickens
                   ;
                   but
                   give
                   them
                   no
                   wild
                   meats
                   .
                
                 
                   To
                   the
                   intent
                   you
                   may
                   acquaint
                   them
                   one
                   with
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   they
                   may
                   the
                   better
                   fly
                   the
                   Hern
                   and
                   help
                   one
                   another
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   call
                   a
                   cast
                   of
                   them
                   to
                   the
                   Lure
                   at
                   once
                   ;
                   but
                   have
                   a
                   care
                   they
                   crab
                   not
                   together
                   ,
                   
                   for
                   so
                   they
                   may
                   endanger
                   one
                   another
                   in
                   their
                   flight
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   your
                   Hawk
                   is
                   scowred
                   and
                   clean
                   and
                   sharp
                   set
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   then
                   get
                   a
                   live
                   Hern
                   ,
                   upon
                   the
                   upper
                   part
                   of
                   whose
                   long
                   sharp
                   Bill
                   you
                   must
                   place
                   a
                   joynt
                   of
                   a
                   hollow
                   Cane
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   prevent
                   her
                   from
                   hurting
                   the
                   Hawk
                   :
                   that
                   being
                   done
                   ,
                   tie
                   the
                   Hern
                   in
                   a
                   Creance
                   ;
                   then
                   setting
                   her
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   unhood
                   your
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   who
                   will
                   fly
                   the
                   Hern
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   shee
                   sees
                   her
                   .
                   If
                   she
                   seize
                   her
                   ,
                   make
                   in
                   apace
                   to
                   succour
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   plume
                   and
                   take
                   bloud
                   of
                   the
                   Hern
                   :
                   then
                   take
                   the
                   Brains
                   ,
                   the
                   Marrow
                   of
                   the
                   Bones
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Heart
                   ,
                   and
                   laying
                   it
                   on
                   your
                   Hawking-glove
                   ,
                   give
                   it
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   .
                   After
                   this
                   ,
                   rip
                   her
                   Breast
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   your
                   Hawk
                   feed
                   thereon
                   till
                   she
                   be
                   well
                   gorged
                   :
                   this
                   being
                   done
                   ,
                   hood
                   her
                   up
                   upon
                   the
                   Hern
                   ,
                   permitting
                   her
                   to
                   plume
                   at
                   her
                   pleasure
                   ;
                   then
                   take
                   her
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   tire
                   on
                   the
                   Foot
                   or
                   Pinion
                   .
                
                 
                   Because
                   Herns
                   are
                   not
                   very
                   plentiful
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   preserve
                   one
                   for
                   a
                   Train
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   times
                   ,
                   by
                   arming
                   Bill
                   ,
                   Head
                   ,
                   and
                   Neck
                   ,
                   and
                   painting
                   it
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   colour
                   that
                   the
                   Hern
                   is
                   of
                   :
                   and
                   when
                   the
                   Faulcon
                   seizeth
                   her
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   be
                   very
                   nimble
                   to
                   make
                   in
                   ,
                   and
                   deceive
                   her
                   by
                   a
                   live
                   Pidgeon
                   clapt
                   under
                   the
                   Wing
                   of
                   the
                   Hern
                   for
                   the
                   Faulcon
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   her
                   Reward
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Hawk
                   having
                   thus
                   several
                   times
                   taken
                   her
                   Train
                   without
                   discovery
                   of
                   the
                   delusion
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   then
                   let
                   the
                   Hern
                   loose
                   in
                   some
                   fair
                   Field
                   without
                   a
                   Greance
                   ,
                   or
                   without
                   arming
                   her
                   :
                   when
                   she
                   is
                   up
                   of
                   a
                   reasonable
                   height
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   cast
                   off
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   ;
                   who
                   if
                   she
                   bind
                   with
                   the
                   Hern
                   and
                   bring
                   her
                   down
                   ,
                   then
                   make
                   in
                   apace
                   to
                   rescue
                   her
                   ,
                   thrusting
                   the
                   Hern's
                   Bill
                   into
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   breaking
                   his
                   Wings
                   and
                   Legs
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Hawk
                   may
                   with
                   more
                   ease
                   plume
                   and
                   foot
                   him
                   .
                   Then
                   reward
                   her
                   as
                   before
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   Brains
                   ,
                   
                   Marrow
                   of
                   the
                   Bones
                   ,
                   and
                   Heart
                   ,
                   making
                   thereof
                   an
                   
                     Italian
                     Soppa
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   Thus
                   much
                   of
                   a
                   Train-Hern
                   .
                   Now
                   to
                   fly
                   the
                   wild
                   Hern
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   thus
                   :
                   If
                   you
                   find
                   a
                   wild
                   Hern
                   at
                   Siege
                   ,
                   win
                   in
                   as
                   nigh
                   unto
                   her
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   ,
                   and
                   go
                   with
                   your
                   Hawk
                   under
                   the
                   Wind
                   ;
                   and
                   having
                   first
                   loosed
                   her
                   Hood
                   in
                   a
                   readiness
                   ,
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   the
                   Hern
                   leaveth
                   the
                   Siege
                   ,
                   off
                   with
                   her
                   Hood
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   fly
                   .
                   If
                   she
                   climb
                   to
                   the
                   Hern
                   and
                   bring
                   her
                   down
                   ,
                   run
                   in
                   (
                   as
                   I
                   said
                   before
                   )
                   to
                   rescue
                   her
                   ,
                   thrusting
                   her
                   Bill
                   into
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   breaking
                   her
                   Wings
                   and
                   Legs
                   ,
                   and
                   rewarding
                   her
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   on
                   your
                   Hawking-glove
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   if
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   beat
                   not
                   down
                   the
                   Hern
                   ,
                   or
                   do
                   give
                   him
                   over
                   ,
                   never
                   fly
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   again
                   at
                   a
                   Hern
                   ,
                   unless
                   with
                   a
                   Make-hawk
                   well
                   entred
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   Coward
                   by
                   this
                   means
                   ,
                   seeing
                   another
                   fly
                   at
                   the
                   Hern
                   and
                   bind
                   with
                   her
                   ,
                   takes
                   fresh
                   courage
                   .
                   And
                   if
                   they
                   kill
                   the
                   Hern
                   flying
                   both
                   together
                   ,
                   then
                   must
                   you
                   reward
                   them
                   both
                   together
                   while
                   the
                   Quarry
                   is
                   hot
                   ,
                   making
                   for
                   them
                   a
                   Soppa
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   .
                   This
                   is
                   the
                   onely
                   way
                   to
                   make
                   them
                   both
                   bold
                   and
                   perfect
                   Herners
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   HAGGARD-FAULCON
                   ,
                   why
                   so
                   called
                   ;
                   her
                   good
                   Shape
                   and
                   Properties
                   :
                   And
                   what
                   difference
                   there
                   is
                   between
                   a
                   Haggard
                   and
                   a
                   Faulcon-gentle
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   Haggard
                   is
                   by
                   some
                   called
                   the
                   Peregrin-Faulcon
                   ,
                   because
                   ,
                   say
                   some
                   ,
                   she
                   is
                   brought
                   from
                   a
                   Country
                   forrein
                   and
                   remote
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   others
                   call
                   them
                   Travellers
                   ,
                   or
                   Passengers
                   .
                   But
                   if
                   there
                   be
                   no
                   
                   other
                   reason
                   for
                   the
                   name
                   but
                   this
                   ,
                   all
                   other
                   Hawks
                   coming
                   from
                   exotick
                   places
                   might
                   borrow
                   that
                   appellation
                   .
                
                 
                   Upon
                   a
                   threefold
                   consideration
                   ,
                   I
                   conceive
                   they
                   are
                   called
                   Haggard
                   or
                   Peregrin-faulcons
                   .
                
                 
                   First
                   ,
                   because
                   their
                   Eyrie
                   was
                   never
                   found
                   in
                   any
                   Country
                   by
                   any
                   man
                   that
                   ever
                   I
                   could
                   hear
                   or
                   read
                   of
                   .
                
                 
                   Secondly
                   ,
                   because
                   these
                   Faulcons
                   rangle
                   and
                   wander
                   more
                   than
                   other
                   Faulcon
                   doth
                   ,
                   still
                   seeking
                   strange
                   and
                   forreign
                   Coasts
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   where-ever
                   they
                   come
                   they
                   may
                   be
                   justly
                   called
                   Peregrins
                   or
                   Forreigners
                   .
                
                 
                   Thirdly
                   ,
                   and
                   lastly
                   ,
                   she
                   never
                   takes
                   up
                   her
                   habitation
                   long
                   in
                   a
                   place
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Haggard
                   is
                   not
                   inferiour
                   to
                   any
                   other
                   Faulcon
                   ,
                   but
                   very
                   tender
                   ,
                   and
                   cannot
                   endure
                   hard
                   weather
                   ,
                   say
                   some
                   ;
                   but
                   my
                   experience
                   hath
                   found
                   it
                   otherwise
                   .
                   The
                   reason
                   that
                   may
                   be
                   alleadged
                   is
                   this
                   ;
                   first
                   ,
                   she
                   travels
                   far
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   Stranger
                   ,
                   and
                   comes
                   into
                   Countries
                   commonly
                   in
                   the
                   hardest
                   time
                   of
                   the
                   year
                   :
                   next
                   ,
                   she
                   is
                   a
                   hot
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   which
                   may
                   be
                   gathered
                   from
                   her
                   high
                   flying
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   Air
                   is
                   much
                   colder
                   than
                   below
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   ought
                   to
                   be
                   more
                   hardy
                   :
                   lastly
                   ,
                   she
                   meweth
                   with
                   more
                   expedition
                   (
                   if
                   she
                   once
                   begin
                   to
                   cast
                   her
                   Feathers
                   )
                   than
                   other
                   Faulcons
                   do
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   of
                   shape
                   like
                   other
                   Faulcons
                   ;
                   but
                   as
                   to
                   mould
                   they
                   are
                   of
                   three
                   sorts
                   ,
                   large
                   ,
                   middle-siz'd
                   ,
                   and
                   little
                   ;
                   some
                   long-shaped
                   ,
                   some
                   short-trussed
                   ;
                   some
                   larger
                   ,
                   some
                   less
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   have
                   a
                   fourfold
                   Mail
                   ,
                   blank
                   ,
                   russet
                   ,
                   brown
                   and
                   Turtle
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   goodness
                   of
                   her
                   Shape
                   consists
                   in
                   having
                   her
                   Head
                   plum'd
                   dark
                   or
                   blank
                   ,
                   flat
                   on
                   the
                   top
                   with
                   a
                   white
                   Wreath
                   environing
                   the
                   same
                   ,
                   a
                   large
                   blue
                   bending
                   Beak
                   ,
                   wide
                   Nares
                   ,
                   a
                   great
                   black
                   full
                   Eye
                   ,
                   high
                   stately
                   Neck
                   ,
                   large
                   Breast
                   ,
                   broad
                   Shoulders
                   ,
                   a
                   great
                   
                   Turtle-coloured
                   Feather
                   ,
                   long
                   Veins
                   and
                   Sails
                   ,
                   but
                   slender
                   shaped
                   ,
                   a
                   long
                   Train
                   ,
                   high
                   Thighs
                   ,
                   and
                   white
                   on
                   the
                   Pendant
                   Feathers
                   ,
                   a
                   large
                   wide
                   Foot
                   ,
                   with
                   slender
                   Stretchers
                   ,
                   and
                   Talons
                   tending
                   somewhat
                   to
                   an
                   azure
                   colour
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   may
                   know
                   her
                   in
                   her
                   flight
                   from
                   another
                   by
                   the
                   stirring
                   of
                   her
                   Wings
                   ;
                   for
                   she
                   useth
                   no
                   thick
                   stroak
                   ,
                   but
                   getteth
                   up
                   to
                   her
                   Mountee
                   leisurely
                   ,
                   without
                   any
                   great
                   making
                   out
                   :
                   besides
                   she
                   may
                   be
                   known
                   by
                   her
                   extraordinary
                   large
                   Sails
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   differences
                   between
                   the
                   Haggard
                   and
                   Faulcon-gentle
                   are
                   these
                   :
                
                 
                   First
                   ,
                   the
                   Haggard
                   is
                   larger
                   ,
                   being
                   longer-armed
                   with
                   longer
                   Beak
                   and
                   Talons
                   ,
                   having
                   a
                   higher
                   Neck
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   long
                   and
                   fair-seasoned
                   Head.
                   
                
                 
                   Secondly
                   ,
                   her
                   Beam-feathers
                   in
                   flight
                   are
                   longer
                   than
                   the
                   Faulcon-gentle's
                   ,
                   her
                   Train
                   somewhat
                   larger
                   :
                   again
                   ,
                   the
                   Haggard
                   hath
                   a
                   flat
                   Thigh
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   other
                   's
                   is
                   round
                   .
                
                 
                   Thirdly
                   ,
                   the
                   Haggard
                   will
                   lie
                   longer
                   on
                   the
                   Wing
                   .
                
                 
                   Fourthly
                   ,
                   the
                   Haggard
                   at
                   long
                   flight
                   exceeds
                   the
                   Faulcon-gentle
                   ;
                   which
                   last
                   fleith
                   with
                   more
                   speed
                   from
                   the
                   Fist
                   than
                   the
                   other
                   .
                   For
                   maintenance
                   of
                   Flight
                   and
                   goodness
                   of
                   Wing
                   the
                   Haggard
                   exceeds
                   all
                   other
                   Hawks
                   .
                
                 
                   Fifthly
                   ,
                   and
                   lastly
                   ,
                   the
                   Haggard
                   is
                   more
                   deliberate
                   and
                   advised
                   in
                   her
                   Stooping
                   than
                   the
                   Faulcon-gentle
                   ,
                   who
                   is
                   more
                   hot
                   and
                   hasty
                   in
                   her
                   Actions
                   ,
                   and
                   missing
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   is
                   apt
                   presently
                   to
                   fly
                   on
                   head
                   at
                   the
                   Check
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   BARBARY-FAULCON
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   Barbary
                   ,
                   or
                   ,
                   as
                   some
                   call
                   her
                   ,
                   the
                   Tartaret-Faulcon
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   Bird
                   seldom
                   found
                   in
                   any
                   Country
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   called
                   a
                   Passenger
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   the
                   Haggard
                   .
                   They
                   are
                   somewhat
                   lesser
                   than
                   the
                   Tiercel-gentle
                   ,
                   and
                   plum'd
                   red
                   under
                   the
                   Wings
                   ,
                   strong-armed
                   ,
                   with
                   long
                   Talons
                   and
                   Stretchers
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Barbary-Faulcon
                   is
                   venturously
                   bold
                   ,
                   and
                   you
                   may
                   fly
                   her
                   with
                   the
                   Haggard
                   all
                   May
                   and
                   June
                   .
                   They
                   are
                   Hawks
                   very
                   slack
                   in
                   mewing
                   at
                   first
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   once
                   they
                   begin
                   ,
                   they
                   mew
                   their
                   Feathers
                   very
                   fast
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   called
                   Barbary-Faulcons
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   make
                   their
                   passage
                   through
                   that
                   Country
                   and
                   Tunis
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   are
                   more
                   frequently
                   taken
                   than
                   in
                   any
                   other
                   place
                   ,
                   namely
                   in
                   the
                   Isles
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Levant
                     ,
                     Candy
                     ,
                     Cyprus
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Rhodes
                   .
                   In
                   my
                   opinion
                   ,
                   she
                   is
                   a
                   Hawk
                   of
                   not
                   much
                   value
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   I
                   shall
                   leave
                   her
                   ,
                   to
                   speak
                   of
                   another
                   of
                   greater
                   reputation
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   GERFAULCON
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   Gerfaulcon
                   is
                   a
                   very
                   fair
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   great
                   force
                   ,
                   especially
                   being
                   mewed
                   :
                   she
                   is
                   strong-armed
                   ,
                   having
                   long
                   Stretchers
                   and
                   Singles
                   ;
                   she
                   is
                   fierce
                   and
                   hardy
                   of
                   nature
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   difficultly
                   to
                   be
                   reclaimed
                   .
                   She
                   is
                   a
                   lovely
                   Bird
                   to
                   behold
                   ,
                   larger
                   than
                   any
                   kind
                   of
                   Faulcon
                   :
                   her
                   Eyes
                   and
                   Head
                   are
                   like
                   the
                   Haggard's
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Her
                   Beak
                   is
                   great
                   and
                   bending
                   :
                   she
                   hath
                   large
                   Nares
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Mail
                   like
                   a
                   Lanner's
                   ;
                   her
                   Sails
                   are
                   long
                   and
                   sharp-pointed
                   ;
                   her
                   Train
                   much
                   like
                   the
                   Lanner's
                   ;
                   she
                   hath
                   a
                   large
                   Foot
                   marble-seared
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   plumed
                   blank
                   ,
                   brown
                   ,
                   and
                   russet
                   .
                   She
                   expects
                   great
                   civility
                   from
                   her
                   Keeper
                   ,
                   who
                   must
                   exercise
                   a
                   great
                   deal
                   of
                   patience
                   on
                   her
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Gerfaulcon's
                   Eyrie
                   is
                   in
                   some
                   parts
                   of
                   Prussia
                   ,
                   and
                   on
                   the
                   borders
                   of
                   Russia
                   ;
                   and
                   some
                   come
                   from
                   the
                   Mountains
                   of
                   Norway
                   ,
                   and
                   from
                   Germany
                   :
                   These
                   may
                   be
                   also
                   called
                   Passengers
                   .
                
                 
                   By
                   reason
                   of
                   the
                   fierceness
                   and
                   hardiness
                   of
                   this
                   Bird
                   ,
                   she
                   is
                   very
                   hardly
                   manned
                   and
                   reclaimed
                   ;
                   but
                   being
                   once
                   overcome
                   ,
                   she
                   proves
                   an
                   excellent
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   scarce
                   refuse
                   to
                   fly
                   at
                   any
                   thing
                   .
                
                 
                   Their
                   Beaks
                   are
                   blue
                   ,
                   so
                   are
                   the
                   Sears
                   of
                   their
                   Legs
                   and
                   Feet
                   ,
                   having
                   Pounces
                   and
                   Talons
                   very
                   long
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   Hawks
                   do
                   not
                   fly
                   the
                   River
                   ,
                   but
                   always
                   from
                   the
                   Fist
                   fly
                   the
                   Herns
                   ,
                   Shovelers
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   In
                   going
                   up
                   to
                   their
                   Gate
                   they
                   do
                   not
                   hold
                   that
                   course
                   or
                   way
                   which
                   others
                   do
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   climbe
                   up
                   upon
                   the
                   Train
                   when
                   they
                   find
                   any
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   they
                   have
                   reacht
                   her
                   they
                   pluck
                   her
                   down
                   ,
                   if
                   not
                   at
                   the
                   first
                   ,
                   yet
                   at
                   the
                   second
                   or
                   third
                   encounter
                   .
                   You
                   must
                   feed
                   and
                   reward
                   them
                   like
                   other
                   Faulcons
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   very
                   crafty
                   ,
                   and
                   covet
                   to
                   keep
                   their
                   Castings
                   long
                   through
                   sloth
                   ;
                   therefore
                   instead
                   of
                   Cotton
                   give
                   them
                   a
                   Casting
                   of
                   Tow
                   ,
                   and
                   be
                   sure
                   to
                   keep
                   them
                   sharp
                   set
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   Manning
                   and
                   Reclaiming
                   you
                   must
                   by
                   kindness
                   make
                   her
                   gentle
                   and
                   familiar
                   with
                   you
                   .
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   taught
                   her
                   to
                   be
                   lured
                   loose
                   ,
                   then
                   learn
                   her
                   to
                   come
                   to
                   the
                   Pelts
                   of
                   Hens
                   ,
                   or
                   any
                   other
                   Fowl
                   :
                   but
                   let
                   her
                   not
                   touch
                   any
                   living
                   flesh
                   ,
                   for
                   fear
                   that
                   draw
                   her
                   love
                   away
                   from
                   your
                   Voice
                   and
                   Hand
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   All
                   this
                   time
                   you
                   must
                   be
                   close
                   by
                   her
                   ,
                   about
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   upon
                   your
                   Knees
                   ,
                   using
                   your
                   Voice
                   unto
                   her
                   ,
                   with
                   her
                   dinner
                   and
                   supper
                   clean
                   drest
                   and
                   washt
                   ,
                   giving
                   her
                   still
                   some
                   bits
                   thereof
                   with
                   your
                   hand
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   the
                   more
                   delight
                   therein
                   .
                   By
                   doing
                   thus
                   frequently
                   you
                   will
                   so
                   win
                   her
                   ,
                   that
                   should
                   she
                   be
                   guilty
                   of
                   Carrying
                   ,
                   yet
                   by
                   this
                   means
                   she
                   will
                   be
                   reclaimed
                   ,
                   and
                   forget
                   that
                   errour
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   the
                   Ostrager
                   have
                   especial
                   care
                   how
                   he
                   make
                   his
                   Gerfaulcon
                   at
                   first
                   ,
                   and
                   indeed
                   all
                   other
                   Hawks
                   ;
                   for
                   as
                   they
                   are
                   made
                   then
                   ,
                   he
                   shall
                   ever
                   find
                   them
                   after
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   they
                   are
                   well
                   made
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   twice
                   made
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   ever
                   made
                   :
                   and
                   therefore
                   have
                   a
                   care
                   of
                   two
                   much
                   precipitation
                   in
                   posting
                   them
                   forward
                   from
                   one
                   lesson
                   to
                   another
                   ,
                   before
                   they
                   are
                   perfect
                   in
                   any
                   thing
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   train
                   her
                   with
                   Doves
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   not
                   carry
                   a
                   feather
                   from
                   you
                   .
                   But
                   first
                   before
                   you
                   spring
                   her
                   any
                   Doves
                   ,
                   let
                   her
                   kill
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   at
                   Lure
                   close
                   by
                   your
                   foot
                   ,
                   having
                   a
                   pair
                   of
                   short
                   Creances
                   at
                   your
                   Lure
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Gerfaulcon
                   is
                   most
                   desired
                   for
                   her
                   high-flying
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   best
                   at
                   Hern
                   and
                   the
                   Mountee
                   :
                   and
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   bring
                   her
                   to
                   perfection
                   herein
                   ,
                   play
                   with
                   your
                   entermewed
                   Gerfaulcon
                   the
                   first
                   year
                   ,
                   shewing
                   her
                   all
                   imaginable
                   kindness
                   ,
                   and
                   using
                   all
                   possible
                   means
                   to
                   make
                   her
                   love
                   you
                   .
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   brought
                   her
                   forward
                   ,
                   give
                   her
                   often
                   Castings
                   to
                   cleanse
                   and
                   purge
                   her
                   ,
                   also
                   to
                   prevent
                   the
                   growth
                   of
                   too
                   much
                   glut
                   and
                   fatness
                   in
                   her
                   inward
                   parts
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   indanger
                   her
                   life
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   SAKER
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   Saker
                   is
                   a
                   Passenger
                   or
                   Peregrin-Hawk
                   ,
                   for
                   her
                   Eyrie
                   hath
                   not
                   been
                   found
                   by
                   any
                   .
                   They
                   are
                   found
                   in
                   the
                   Isles
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Levant
                     ,
                     Cyprus
                     ,
                     Rhodes
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Candia
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   several
                   other
                   Islands
                   in
                   the
                   Sea.
                   
                
                 
                   She
                   is
                   somewhat
                   larger
                   than
                   the
                   Haggard-faulcon
                   ;
                   her
                   Plume
                   is
                   rusty
                   and
                   ragged
                   ;
                   the
                   Sear
                   of
                   her
                   foot
                   and
                   Beak
                   like
                   the
                   Lanner
                   ;
                   her
                   Pounces
                   are
                   short
                   ,
                   however
                   she
                   hath
                   great
                   strength
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   hardy
                   to
                   all
                   kind
                   of
                   Fowl.
                   She
                   is
                   more
                   disposed
                   to
                   the
                   Field
                   a
                   great
                   deal
                   than
                   to
                   the
                   Brook
                   ,
                   and
                   delights
                   to
                   prey
                   on
                   great
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Hern
                   ,
                   the
                   Goose
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   As
                   for
                   the
                   Crane
                   ,
                   she
                   is
                   not
                   so
                   free
                   to
                   fly
                   at
                   her
                   as
                   the
                   Haggard-faulcon
                   .
                   The
                   Saker
                   is
                   good
                   also
                   for
                   lesser
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   as
                   Pheasant
                   ,
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   &c.
                   and
                   is
                   nothing
                   so
                   dainty
                   of
                   her
                   Diet
                   as
                   Hawks
                   long-winged
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Hawk
                   will
                   make
                   excellent
                   sport
                   with
                   a
                   Kite
                   ,
                   who
                   ,
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   she
                   sees
                   the
                   Saker
                   (
                   the
                   Male
                   whereof
                   is
                   called
                   a
                   Sakaret
                   )
                   cast
                   off
                   ,
                   immediately
                   betakes
                   her self
                   to
                   ,
                   and
                   trusts
                   in
                   the
                   goodness
                   of
                   her
                   Wings
                   ,
                   and
                   getteth
                   to
                   her
                   pitch
                   as
                   high
                   as
                   possibly
                   she
                   may
                   ,
                   by
                   making
                   many
                   Turns
                   and
                   Wrenches
                   in
                   the
                   Air
                   :
                   which
                   if
                   well
                   observed
                   ,
                   together
                   with
                   the
                   variety
                   of
                   contests
                   and
                   bickerings
                   that
                   are
                   between
                   them
                   ,
                   it
                   cannot
                   but
                   be
                   very
                   pleasant
                   and
                   delightful
                   to
                   the
                   beholder
                   .
                   I
                   have
                   known
                   in
                   a
                   clear
                   day
                   and
                   little
                   wind
                   stirring
                   ,
                   that
                   both
                   the
                   Saker
                   and
                   Kite
                   have
                   soar'd
                   so
                   high
                   that
                   the
                   sharpest
                   eye
                   could
                   not
                   discern
                   them
                   ,
                   yet
                   hath
                   the
                   Saker
                   in
                   the
                   encounter
                   conquered
                   the
                   Kite
                   ,
                   and
                   I
                   have
                   seen
                   her
                   come
                   tumbling
                   down
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   with
                   a
                   strange
                   precipitancy
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Of
                   all
                   Birds
                   the
                   Saker
                   hath
                   the
                   longest
                   Train
                   .
                   This
                   Hawk
                   will
                   fly
                   at
                   Hern
                   ,
                   Kite
                   ,
                   Pheasant
                   ,
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   Quail
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   at
                   the
                   Hare
                   ;
                   but
                   her
                   chiefest
                   excellency
                   consists
                   in
                   her
                   flying
                   at
                   the
                   Crane
                   .
                   Now
                   because
                   we
                   have
                   but
                   few
                   of
                   them
                   in
                   England
                   ,
                   I
                   shall
                   desist
                   from
                   speaking
                   farther
                   of
                   the
                   Saker
                   ,
                   onely
                   that
                   she
                   is
                   made
                   to
                   the
                   Lure
                   as
                   other
                   Hawks
                   are
                   :
                   and
                   indeed
                   all
                   Faulcons
                   are
                   made
                   after
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   ,
                   yet
                   are
                   not
                   flown
                   withal
                   alike
                   ;
                   for
                   
                     Sakers
                     ,
                     Lanners
                     ,
                     Gerfaulcons
                     ,
                     Mylions
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   Merlins
                   do
                   not
                   fly
                   the
                   River
                   ;
                   if
                   any
                   do
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   very
                   rarely
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   LANNER
                   ,
                   LANNERET
                   ,
                   and
                   TUNISIAN
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   Lanner
                   is
                   a
                   Hawk
                   common
                   in
                   all
                   Countries
                   ,
                   especially
                   in
                   France
                   ,
                   making
                   her
                   Eyrie
                   on
                   high
                   Trees
                   in
                   Forrests
                   ,
                   or
                   on
                   high
                   Cliffs
                   near
                   the
                   Sea-side
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   is
                   lesser
                   than
                   the
                   Faulcon-gentle
                   ,
                   fair-plumed
                   when
                   an
                   Enter-mewer
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   shorter
                   Talons
                   than
                   any
                   other
                   Faulcon
                   .
                   Those
                   who
                   have
                   the
                   largest
                   and
                   best-seasoned
                   Heads
                   are
                   the
                   best
                   Lanners
                   .
                
                 
                   With
                   the
                   Lanner
                   or
                   Lanneret
                   you
                   may
                   fly
                   the
                   River
                   ;
                   and
                   both
                   are
                   very
                   good
                   also
                   for
                   the
                   Land.
                   
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   not
                   very
                   choice
                   in
                   their
                   Food
                   ,
                   and
                   can
                   better
                   away
                   with
                   gross
                   Victuals
                   than
                   any
                   other
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Mew'd
                   Lanners
                   are
                   hardly
                   known
                   from
                   the
                   Soar-hawks
                   ,
                   (
                   and
                   so
                   likewise
                   the
                   Saker
                   )
                   because
                   they
                   do
                   not
                   change
                   their
                   Plume
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   may
                   know
                   the
                   Lanners
                   by
                   these
                   three
                   tokens
                   .
                   1.
                   
                   They
                   are
                   blanker
                   Hawks
                   than
                   any
                   other
                   .
                   2.
                   
                   They
                   
                   have
                   less
                   Beaks
                   than
                   the
                   rest
                   .
                   3.
                   
                   And
                   lastly
                   ,
                   They
                   are
                   less
                   armed
                   and
                   pounced
                   than
                   other
                   Faulcons
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   all
                   Hawks
                   there
                   is
                   none
                   so
                   fit
                   for
                   a
                   young
                   Faulconer
                   as
                   the
                   Lanner
                   ,
                   because
                   she
                   is
                   not
                   inclined
                   to
                   Surfeits
                   ,
                   and
                   seldom
                   melts
                   Grease
                   by
                   being
                   over-flown
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   a
                   sort
                   of
                   Lanners
                   which
                   Eyrie
                   in
                   the
                   Alps
                   ,
                   having
                   their
                   Heads
                   white
                   and
                   flat
                   aloft
                   ,
                   large
                   and
                   black
                   Eyes
                   ,
                   slender
                   Nares
                   ,
                   short
                   and
                   thick
                   Beaks
                   ,
                   and
                   lesser
                   than
                   the
                   Haggard
                   or
                   Faulcon-gentle
                   .
                   Some
                   are
                   indifferent
                   large
                   ,
                   some
                   less
                   ,
                   and
                   others
                   middle-sized
                   .
                
                 
                   Their
                   Mail
                   is
                   marble
                   or
                   russet
                   ;
                   their
                   Breast-feathers
                   white
                   and
                   full
                   of
                   russet
                   spots
                   ;
                   the
                   points
                   and
                   extremities
                   of
                   their
                   Feathers
                   full
                   of
                   white
                   drops
                   ;
                   their
                   Sails
                   and
                   Train
                   long
                   :
                   they
                   are
                   short
                   Leg'd
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   foot
                   less
                   than
                   that
                   of
                   a
                   Faulcon
                   ,
                   marble-seer'd
                   ;
                   but
                   being
                   mew'd
                   the
                   Seer
                   changeth
                   to
                   a
                   yellow
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Lanner
                   never
                   lieth
                   upon
                   the
                   Wing
                   after
                   she
                   hath
                   flown
                   to
                   Mark
                   ,
                   but
                   after
                   once
                   stooping
                   she
                   maketh
                   a
                   Point
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   ,
                   like
                   the
                   Goshawk
                   ,
                   waits
                   the
                   Fowl.
                   
                
                 
                   If
                   she
                   miss
                   at
                   the
                   first
                   down-fall
                   and
                   kill
                   not
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   consult
                   her
                   advantage
                   to
                   her
                   greatest
                   ease
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   kind
                   of
                   Hawks
                   are
                   highly
                   prized
                   in
                   France
                   and
                   Italy
                   ,
                   neither
                   is
                   she
                   despiseable
                   in
                   England
                   ;
                   but
                   we
                   look
                   upon
                   them
                   as
                   slothful
                   and
                   hard-metled
                   :
                   and
                   therefore
                   if
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   have
                   any
                   good
                   of
                   her
                   ,
                   keep
                   a
                   strict
                   hand
                   over
                   her
                   ;
                   for
                   she
                   is
                   of
                   an
                   ungrateful
                   disposition
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   slight
                   your
                   Kindnesses
                   ,
                   contrary
                   to
                   the
                   nature
                   of
                   the
                   Faulcon-gentle
                   ,
                   who
                   for
                   one
                   good
                   usage
                   will
                   return
                   a
                   treble
                   courtesie
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   better
                   she
                   is
                   rewarded
                   ,
                   the
                   better
                   she
                   will
                   fly
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   flown
                   at
                   Field
                   or
                   Brook
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   Hawks
                   that
                   maintain
                   long
                   flights
                   ,
                   whereby
                   much
                   Fowl
                   is
                   killed
                   (
                   and
                   more
                   than
                   by
                   a
                   better
                   Hawk
                   )
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   Dogs
                   and
                   Hawking-poles
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   If
                   you
                   will
                   fly
                   with
                   a
                   Lanner
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   keep
                   her
                   very
                   sharp
                   :
                   and
                   because
                   they
                   keep
                   their
                   Castings
                   long
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   they
                   are
                   hard-metled
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   give
                   them
                   therefore
                   hard
                   Castings
                   made
                   of
                   Tow
                   and
                   knots
                   of
                   Hemp.
                   
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   reclaiming
                   the
                   Lanner
                   and
                   the
                   Lanneret
                   much
                   pains
                   and
                   labour
                   must
                   be
                   taken
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   chiefest
                   thing
                   is
                   to
                   make
                   her
                   well
                   acquainted
                   with
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   garnished
                   with
                   hard
                   washt
                   meat
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   receive
                   the
                   major
                   part
                   of
                   her
                   Reward
                   in
                   bits
                   from
                   your
                   hand
                   :
                   as
                   for
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   her
                   Training
                   ,
                   take
                   the
                   same
                   course
                   which
                   I
                   have
                   directed
                   in
                   the
                   manning
                   and
                   ordering
                   of
                   the
                   Haggard-faulcon
                   .
                   But
                   above
                   all
                   take
                   pains
                   to
                   stay
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   your
                   utmost
                   Art
                   restrain
                   her
                   from
                   dragging
                   or
                   carrying
                   any
                   thing
                   from
                   you
                   ,
                   to
                   which
                   ill
                   quality
                   she
                   is
                   more
                   inclined
                   than
                   any
                   other
                   Hawk
                   whatever
                   .
                
                 
                   To
                   conclude
                   this
                   Chapter
                   ,
                   I
                   come
                   next
                   to
                   the
                   Tunisian-Faulcon
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   not
                   much
                   different
                   in
                   nature
                   from
                   the
                   Lanner
                   ,
                   yet
                   somewhat
                   less
                   ,
                   but
                   in
                   Foot
                   and
                   Plume
                   much
                   alike
                   .
                   She
                   hath
                   a
                   large
                   round
                   Head
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   more
                   creese
                   than
                   the
                   Lanner
                   ,
                   and
                   more
                   heavy
                   and
                   sluggish
                   in
                   her
                   flight
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   is
                   called
                   a
                   Tunisian-faulcon
                   ,
                   from
                   Tunis
                   the
                   Metropolis
                   of
                   Barbary
                   ,
                   the
                   Country
                   where
                   she
                   usually
                   makes
                   her
                   Eyrie
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   excellent
                   Hawks
                   for
                   the
                   River
                   ,
                   lying
                   long
                   upon
                   the
                   Wing
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   fly
                   the
                   Field
                   also
                   very
                   well
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   naturally
                   delight
                   to
                   seize
                   upon
                   the
                   Hare
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   strike
                   boldly
                   at
                   her
                   .
                   Much
                   more
                   might
                   be
                   said
                   of
                   her
                   ,
                   which
                   I
                   here
                   omit
                   ,
                   she
                   being
                   a
                   Hawk
                   not
                   very
                   common
                   in
                   England
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   cursorily
                   discourst
                   in
                   as
                   good
                   a
                   method
                   as
                   I
                   could
                   of
                   the
                   seven
                   sorts
                   of
                   Faulcons
                   ,
                   with
                   their
                   Manning
                   ,
                   Reclaiming
                   ,
                   Luring
                   ,
                   Training
                   ,
                   Staying
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   
                   I
                   shall
                   proceed
                   to
                   give
                   you
                   an
                   account
                   of
                   some
                   other
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   which
                   I
                   propounded
                   and
                   promised
                   in
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   this
                   Treatise
                   :
                   take
                   them
                   thus
                   in
                   order
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   MERLIN
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   Merlin
                   in
                   Plume
                   is
                   much
                   like
                   the
                   Haggard-Faulcon
                   ,
                   also
                   in
                   the
                   Sear
                   of
                   the
                   Foot
                   ,
                   Beak
                   ,
                   and
                   Talons
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   much
                   alike
                   in
                   Conditions
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Merlin
                   well
                   mann'd
                   ,
                   lur'd
                   ,
                   and
                   carefully
                   lookt
                   after
                   ,
                   will
                   prove
                   an
                   excellent
                   Hawk
                   .
                   Their
                   flight
                   is
                   swifter
                   than
                   any
                   other
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   and
                   naturally
                   they
                   flie
                   at
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   Thrush
                   ,
                   and
                   Lark
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   a
                   Bird
                   very
                   busie
                   and
                   unruly
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   the
                   Faulconer
                   ought
                   to
                   take
                   special
                   heed
                   and
                   care
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   lest
                   unnaturally
                   they
                   eat
                   off
                   their
                   own
                   Feet
                   and
                   Talons
                   ,
                   which
                   several
                   of
                   them
                   have
                   been
                   known
                   to
                   do
                   ,
                   and
                   die
                   thereby
                   .
                   For
                   which
                   cause
                   ,
                   Merlins
                   ought
                   not
                   to
                   be
                   mew'd
                   or
                   intermew'd
                   ,
                   because
                   in
                   the
                   Mew
                   they
                   often
                   spoil
                   themselves
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   is
                   accounted
                   a
                   Hawk
                   of
                   the
                   Fist
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   of
                   the
                   Lure
                   ;
                   but
                   to
                   my
                   knowledge
                   she
                   may
                   be
                   brought
                   to
                   love
                   the
                   Lure
                   very
                   well
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   is
                   very
                   venturous
                   and
                   hardy
                   ,
                   which
                   may
                   appear
                   by
                   her
                   flying
                   at
                   Birds
                   as
                   big
                   or
                   bigger
                   than
                   her self
                   ,
                   with
                   such
                   eagerness
                   ,
                   as
                   that
                   she
                   will
                   pursue
                   them
                   even
                   into
                   a
                   Town
                   or
                   Village
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   will
                   flie
                   with
                   a
                   Merlin
                   at
                   a
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   chuse
                   the
                   Formal
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   Female
                   .
                   The
                   Jack
                   is
                   not
                   worth
                   the
                   Training
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   made
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   she
                   will
                   patiently
                   endure
                   the
                   Hood
                   ,
                   then
                   make
                   her
                   a
                   Train
                   with
                   a
                   Partridge
                   :
                   if
                   she
                   foot
                   and
                   kill
                   it
                   ,
                   reward
                   her
                   
                   well
                   ,
                   suffering
                   her
                   to
                   take
                   her
                   pleasure
                   thereon
                   .
                   After
                   this
                   ,
                   fly
                   her
                   at
                   the
                   wild
                   Partridge
                   ;
                   if
                   she
                   take
                   or
                   mark
                   it
                   at
                   first
                   or
                   second
                   flight
                   ,
                   being
                   retrieved
                   by
                   the
                   Spaniels
                   ,
                   feed
                   her
                   upon
                   it
                   with
                   a
                   reasonable
                   Gorge
                   ,
                   chearing
                   her
                   with
                   your
                   Voice
                   in
                   such
                   manner
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   know
                   it
                   another
                   time
                   .
                   If
                   she
                   prove
                   not
                   hardy
                   at
                   first
                   Train
                   ,
                   try
                   her
                   with
                   a
                   second
                   or
                   third
                   :
                   if
                   she
                   prove
                   not
                   then
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   prove
                   nothing
                   worth
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   fly
                   the
                   Merlin
                   at
                   Lark
                   or
                   Linnet
                   ,
                   let
                   it
                   be
                   with
                   a
                   Cast
                   of
                   Merlins
                   at
                   once
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   love
                   to
                   fly
                   in
                   company
                   :
                   besides
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   a
                   greater
                   delight
                   to
                   the
                   Spectators
                   to
                   see
                   them
                   fly
                   together
                   ;
                   you
                   shall
                   observe
                   the
                   one
                   climb
                   to
                   the
                   Mountee
                   above
                   the
                   Lark
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   other
                   to
                   lie
                   low
                   for
                   her
                   best
                   advantage
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   your
                   Merlin
                   is
                   throughly
                   manned
                   and
                   made
                   gentle
                   ,
                   (
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   bring
                   to
                   pass
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   method
                   propounded
                   for
                   other
                   Hawks
                   )
                   I
                   say
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   is
                   reclaimed
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   then
                   carry
                   her
                   into
                   the
                   fields
                   ;
                   where
                   having
                   found
                   a
                   Lark
                   or
                   Linnet
                   ,
                   get
                   as
                   near
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   into
                   the
                   Wind
                   to
                   the
                   Bird
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   the
                   Bird
                   riseth
                   from
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   unhood
                   your
                   Cast
                   of
                   Merlins
                   and
                   cast
                   them
                   off
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   they
                   have
                   beaten
                   down
                   the
                   Lark
                   ,
                   let
                   them
                   feed
                   a
                   little
                   thereon
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   is
                   a
                   sort
                   of
                   Larks
                   which
                   I
                   would
                   not
                   advise
                   the
                   Faulconer
                   to
                   fly
                   at
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   are
                   called
                   Cut-larks
                   ,
                   which
                   do
                   not
                   mount
                   as
                   the
                   long-spur'd
                   field-Lark
                   ,
                   but
                   fly
                   straight
                   forward
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   endangering
                   the
                   loss
                   of
                   your
                   Hawk
                   without
                   any
                   pastime
                   or
                   pleasure
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Mewing
                   of
                   
                     Merlins
                     ,
                     Faulcons
                     ,
                     Gerfaulcons
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Mylions
                   at
                   Stock
                   or
                   at
                   Large
                   :
                   and
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   best
                   way
                   of
                   Mewing
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   the
                   opinion
                   of
                   some
                   ,
                   (
                   but
                   how
                   commendable
                   ,
                   I
                   will
                   leave
                   the
                   Reader
                   to
                   judge
                   )
                   that
                   Merlins
                   cannot
                   
                   be
                   mew'd
                   ,
                   or
                   if
                   they
                   be
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   are
                   very
                   rarely
                   good
                   afterwards
                   .
                   Experience
                   tells
                   me
                   the
                   contrary
                   :
                   for
                   if
                   they
                   be
                   hardy
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   flown
                   well
                   in
                   their
                   Soarage
                   ,
                   they
                   have
                   proved
                   much
                   better
                   after
                   mewing
                   than
                   before
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   time
                   of
                   mewing
                   for
                   Faulcons
                   should
                   be
                   about
                   the
                   latter
                   end
                   of
                   April
                   ;
                   at
                   which
                   time
                   set
                   down
                   your
                   Faulcons
                   ,
                   diligently
                   observing
                   whether
                   they
                   be
                   louzy
                   or
                   not
                   :
                   if
                   they
                   are
                   ,
                   pepper
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   will
                   infallibly
                   kill
                   the
                   Lice
                   .
                   You
                   must
                   also
                   scour
                   them
                   ,
                   before
                   you
                   cast
                   them
                   into
                   the
                   Mew
                   .
                
                 
                   Mewings
                   are
                   of
                   two
                   sorts
                   ;
                   the
                   one
                   loose
                   and
                   at
                   large
                   ,
                   the
                   other
                   at
                   the
                   Stock
                   or
                   Stone
                   .
                
                 
                   Mewing
                   at
                   large
                   is
                   thus
                   in
                   short
                   :
                   If
                   your
                   Room
                   be
                   large
                   ,
                   by
                   divisions
                   you
                   may
                   mew
                   four
                   Faulcons
                   at
                   once
                   ,
                   each
                   partition
                   consisting
                   of
                   about
                   twelve
                   foot
                   square
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   much
                   in
                   height
                   ,
                   with
                   two
                   Windows
                   two
                   foot
                   broad
                   ,
                   the
                   one
                   opening
                   to
                   the
                   North
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   benefit
                   of
                   cold
                   Air
                   ;
                   the
                   other
                   to
                   the
                   East
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   beneficial
                   warmth
                   of
                   the
                   Sun.
                   At
                   your
                   East-window
                   let
                   there
                   be
                   a
                   Board
                   two
                   foot
                   broad
                   ,
                   even
                   with
                   the
                   bottom
                   of
                   the
                   Window
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   Lath
                   or
                   Ledge
                   round
                   ;
                   in
                   the
                   middle
                   set
                   a
                   green
                   Turff
                   ,
                   laying
                   good
                   store
                   of
                   Gravel
                   and
                   Stones
                   about
                   it
                   ,
                   that
                   your
                   Hawk
                   may
                   take
                   them
                   at
                   her
                   pleasure
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   be
                   a
                   great
                   Bater
                   ,
                   let
                   your
                   Chamber
                   be
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   covered
                   four
                   fingers
                   thick
                   with
                   gross
                   Sand
                   ,
                   and
                   thereon
                   set
                   a
                   Stone
                   somewhat
                   taper
                   ,
                   of
                   about
                   a
                   Cubit
                   in
                   height
                   ,
                   on
                   which
                   they
                   love
                   to
                   sit
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   its
                   coolness
                   .
                
                 
                   Make
                   her
                   two
                   Perches
                   ,
                   at
                   each
                   Window
                   one
                   ,
                   to
                   recreate
                   her self
                   as
                   she
                   pleaseth
                   ,
                   either
                   with
                   Heat
                   or
                   Cold.
                   
                
                 
                   Every
                   week
                   or
                   fortnight
                   set
                   her
                   a
                   Bason
                   of
                   Water
                   to
                   bathe
                   in
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   she
                   hath
                   bathed
                   therein
                   ,
                   take
                   it
                   away
                   the
                   night
                   following
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Your
                   Mew
                   must
                   have
                   a
                   Portal
                   to
                   convey
                   in
                   the
                   Hack
                   ,
                   a
                   thing
                   whereon
                   the
                   meat
                   is
                   served
                   .
                   I
                   need
                   not
                   prescribe
                   the
                   manner
                   how
                   to
                   make
                   it
                   ,
                   since
                   it
                   is
                   a
                   thing
                   so
                   generally
                   known
                   already
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   ought
                   to
                   keep
                   one
                   set-hour
                   in
                   feeding
                   ;
                   for
                   so
                   will
                   she
                   mew
                   sooner
                   and
                   better
                   :
                   when
                   she
                   hath
                   fed
                   and
                   gorged
                   her self
                   ,
                   then
                   remove
                   the
                   Stick
                   from
                   the
                   Hack
                   on
                   which
                   the
                   meat
                   was
                   fastened
                   ,
                   to
                   keep
                   her
                   from
                   dragging
                   it
                   into
                   the
                   Mew
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   opinion
                   of
                   most
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   better
                   Mewing
                   at
                   the
                   Stock
                   or
                   Stone
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   performed
                   thus
                   :
                   Make
                   choice
                   of
                   a
                   Ground-room
                   remote
                   from
                   noise
                   or
                   concourse
                   of
                   people
                   ,
                   and
                   therein
                   set
                   a
                   Table
                   of
                   what
                   length
                   you
                   think
                   is
                   most
                   convenient
                   for
                   the
                   number
                   of
                   your
                   Faulcons
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   about
                   six
                   foot
                   in
                   breadth
                   ,
                   with
                   thin
                   Boards
                   along
                   the
                   sides
                   and
                   ends
                   ,
                   about
                   four
                   fingers
                   high
                   from
                   the
                   superficies
                   of
                   the
                   Table
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   stand
                   on
                   Tressels
                   about
                   three
                   foot
                   high
                   from
                   the
                   ground
                   .
                   Let
                   this
                   Table
                   be
                   covered
                   indifferently
                   thick
                   with
                   great
                   Sand
                   mixt
                   with
                   small
                   Pebbles
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   whereof
                   place
                   a
                   pyramidal
                   Free-stone
                   about
                   a
                   yard
                   in
                   height
                   ,
                   unto
                   which
                   tye
                   your
                   Faulcon
                   ,
                   Gerfaulcon
                   ,
                   Merlin
                   or
                   Mylion
                   :
                   then
                   take
                   a
                   small
                   Cord
                   of
                   the
                   bigness
                   of
                   a
                   Bow-string
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   it
                   through
                   a
                   Ring
                   or
                   Swivel
                   ,
                   and
                   bind
                   it
                   about
                   the
                   Stone
                   in
                   such
                   sort
                   that
                   the
                   Swivel
                   may
                   go
                   round
                   the
                   Stone
                   without
                   let
                   or
                   hindrance
                   ,
                   and
                   thereunto
                   tye
                   the
                   Lease
                   of
                   your
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   if
                   you
                   mew
                   more
                   than
                   one
                   Hawk
                   in
                   one
                   Room
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   set
                   your
                   Stones
                   at
                   that
                   distance
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   they
                   bate
                   they
                   may
                   not
                   crab
                   one
                   another
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   reason
                   of
                   placing
                   this
                   Stone
                   is
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   Faulcon
                   delights
                   to
                   sit
                   thereon
                   for
                   its
                   coolness
                   sake
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   little
                   gravelly
                   stones
                   the
                   Hawk
                   frequently
                   swallows
                   to
                   cool
                   her
                   within
                   .
                   The
                   Sand
                   is
                   necessary
                   to
                   preserve
                   their
                   Feathers
                   when
                   they
                   bate
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   Mewets
                   
                   are
                   the
                   more
                   easily
                   cleansed
                   .
                   The
                   little
                   Gord
                   with
                   the
                   Swivel
                   tyed
                   about
                   the
                   Stone
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   keep
                   the
                   Hawk
                   from
                   tangling
                   when
                   she
                   bateth
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   Ring
                   will
                   still
                   follow
                   her
                   .
                
                 
                   All
                   day
                   let
                   your
                   Hawk
                   stand
                   hooded
                   ,
                   onely
                   when
                   you
                   take
                   her
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   to
                   feed
                   :
                   at
                   night
                   unhood
                   her
                   ;
                   and
                   lest
                   any
                   accident
                   should
                   happen
                   in
                   the
                   night
                   ,
                   prejudicial
                   to
                   the
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   the
                   Faulconer
                   ought
                   to
                   lie
                   in
                   the
                   Mew
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   HOBBY
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   Hobby
                   is
                   a
                   Hawk
                   of
                   the
                   Lure
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   of
                   the
                   Fist
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   a
                   high
                   flier
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   in
                   every
                   respect
                   like
                   the
                   Saker
                   ,
                   but
                   that
                   she
                   is
                   a
                   much
                   lesser
                   Bird.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   Hobby
                   hath
                   a
                   blue
                   Beak
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   Seer
                   thereof
                   and
                   Legs
                   are
                   yellow
                   :
                   the
                   Crinets
                   or
                   little
                   Feathers
                   under
                   her
                   Eye
                   are
                   very
                   black
                   ;
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   her
                   head
                   is
                   betwixt
                   black
                   and
                   yellow
                   ,
                   and
                   she
                   hath
                   two
                   white
                   seams
                   on
                   her
                   Neck
                   ;
                   the
                   Plumes
                   under
                   the
                   Gorge
                   and
                   about
                   the
                   Brows
                   ,
                   are
                   reddish
                   ,
                   without
                   spot
                   or
                   drop
                   ;
                   the
                   Breast-feathers
                   are
                   brown
                   for
                   the
                   most
                   part
                   ,
                   yet
                   powdered
                   with
                   white
                   spots
                   ;
                   her
                   Back
                   ,
                   Train
                   ,
                   and
                   Wings
                   are
                   black
                   aloft
                   ,
                   having
                   no
                   great
                   scales
                   upon
                   the
                   Legs
                   ,
                   unless
                   it
                   be
                   a
                   few
                   beginning
                   behind
                   the
                   three
                   Stretchers
                   and
                   Pounces
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   very
                   large
                   in
                   respect
                   of
                   her
                   short
                   Legs
                   ;
                   her
                   Brail-feathers
                   are
                   engouted
                   betwixt
                   red
                   and
                   black
                   ;
                   the
                   Pendant-feathers
                   (
                   which
                   are
                   those
                   behind
                   the
                   Thigh
                   )
                   are
                   of
                   a
                   rusty
                   smoaky
                   complexion
                   .
                   The
                   daring
                   Hobby
                   may
                   be
                   well
                   called
                   so
                   ,
                   for
                   she
                   is
                   nimble
                   and
                   light
                   of
                   Wing
                   ,
                   and
                   dares
                   encounter
                   Kites
                   ,
                   Bazzards
                   ,
                   or
                   Crows
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   give
                   souse
                   for
                   souse
                   ,
                   blow
                   for
                   blow
                   ,
                   till
                   sometimes
                   they
                   
                   seize
                   and
                   come
                   tumbling
                   down
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   both
                   together
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   chiefly
                   for
                   the
                   Lark
                   ,
                   which
                   poor
                   little
                   creature
                   so
                   dreads
                   the
                   sight
                   of
                   a
                   Hobby
                   soaring
                   in
                   the
                   Air
                   over
                   her
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   will
                   rather
                   chuse
                   to
                   commit
                   her self
                   to
                   the
                   mercy
                   of
                   Man
                   or
                   Dogs
                   ,
                   or
                   to
                   be
                   trampled
                   on
                   by
                   Horses
                   ,
                   than
                   venture
                   her self
                   into
                   that
                   Element
                   where
                   she
                   sees
                   her
                   mortal
                   Enemy
                   soaring
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Hobby
                   makes
                   excellent
                   sport
                   with
                   Nets
                   and
                   Spaniels
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   performed
                   after
                   this
                   manner
                   .
                   The
                   Dogs
                   range
                   the
                   field
                   to
                   spring
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Hobbies
                   soar
                   over
                   them
                   alost
                   in
                   the
                   Air
                   :
                   the
                   silly
                   Birds
                   ,
                   fearing
                   a
                   Conspiracy
                   between
                   the
                   Hawks
                   and
                   Dogs
                   to
                   their
                   utter
                   destruction
                   ,
                   dare
                   not
                   commit
                   themselves
                   to
                   their
                   Wings
                   ,
                   but
                   think
                   it
                   safer
                   to
                   lie
                   close
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   are
                   taken
                   in
                   the
                   Nets
                   .
                   This
                   sport
                   is
                   called
                   Daring
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   GOSHAWK
                   .
                
                 
                   THere
                   are
                   several
                   sorts
                   of
                   Goshawks
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   are
                   different
                   in
                   goodness
                   ,
                   force
                   ,
                   and
                   hardiness
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   diversity
                   of
                   their
                   choice
                   in
                   Cawking
                   :
                   at
                   which
                   time
                   when
                   Hawks
                   begin
                   to
                   fall
                   to
                   liking
                   ,
                   all
                   Birds
                   of
                   Prey
                   do
                   assemble
                   themselves
                   with
                   the
                   Goshawk
                   ,
                   and
                   flock
                   together
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Female
                   is
                   the
                   best
                   :
                   and
                   although
                   there
                   be
                   some
                   Goshawks
                   which
                   come
                   from
                   
                     Sclavonia
                     ,
                     Sardinia
                     ,
                     Lombardy
                     ,
                     Russia
                     ,
                     Puglia
                     ,
                     Germany
                     ,
                     Armenia
                     ,
                     Persia
                     ,
                     Greece
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   Africa
                   ;
                   yet
                   there
                   are
                   none
                   better
                   than
                   those
                   which
                   are
                   bred
                   in
                   the
                   North
                   parts
                   of
                   Ireland
                   ,
                   as
                   in
                   the
                   Province
                   of
                   Ulster
                   ,
                   but
                   more
                   especially
                   in
                   the
                   County
                   of
                   Tyrone
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Take
                   these
                   Rules
                   as
                   to
                   the
                   goodness
                   of
                   her
                   proportion
                   or
                   shape
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   ought
                   to
                   have
                   a
                   small
                   Head
                   ,
                   her
                   Face
                   long
                   and
                   straight
                   ,
                   a
                   large
                   Throat
                   ,
                   great
                   Eyes
                   ,
                   deep
                   set
                   ,
                   the
                   Apple
                   of
                   the
                   Eye
                   black
                   ,
                   Nares
                   ,
                   Ears
                   ,
                   Back
                   ,
                   and
                   Feet
                   large
                   and
                   blank
                   ;
                   a
                   black
                   long
                   Beak
                   ,
                   long
                   Neck
                   ,
                   big
                   Breast
                   ,
                   hard
                   flesh
                   ,
                   long
                   Thighs
                   ,
                   fleshy
                   ,
                   the
                   bone
                   of
                   the
                   Leg
                   and
                   Knee
                   short
                   ,
                   long
                   large
                   Pounces
                   and
                   Talons
                   .
                   From
                   the
                   Stern
                   or
                   Train
                   to
                   the
                   Breast
                   forward
                   she
                   ought
                   to
                   grow
                   round
                   :
                   the
                   Feathers
                   of
                   the
                   Thighs
                   towards
                   the
                   Train
                   should
                   be
                   large
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Train-feathers
                   short
                   ,
                   soft
                   ,
                   and
                   somewhat
                   tending
                   to
                   an
                   Iron
                   Mail.
                   The
                   Brayl-feathers
                   ought
                   to
                   be
                   like
                   those
                   of
                   the
                   Breast
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Covert-feathers
                   of
                   the
                   Train
                   should
                   be
                   spotted
                   and
                   full
                   of
                   black
                   rundles
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   extremity
                   of
                   every
                   Train-feather
                   should
                   be
                   black
                   streaked
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   sign
                   of
                   force
                   in
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   is
                   this
                   :
                   Tye
                   divers
                   of
                   them
                   in
                   several
                   places
                   of
                   one
                   Chamber
                   or
                   Mew
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   Hawk
                   that
                   doth
                   slise
                   and
                   mewt
                   highest
                   and
                   farthest
                   off
                   from
                   her
                   ,
                   is
                   without
                   question
                   the
                   strongest
                   Hawk
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   high
                   and
                   far
                   mewting
                   argues
                   a
                   strong
                   Back
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   might
                   tell
                   you
                   the
                   ill
                   shape
                   of
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   ;
                   but
                   since
                   I
                   have
                   declared
                   the
                   good
                   ,
                   the
                   bad
                   may
                   be
                   collected
                   from
                   thence
                   :
                   
                     Contraria
                     contrariis
                     dignoscunter
                  
                   .
                   However
                   take
                   this
                   general
                   rule
                   ,
                   That
                   Goshawk
                   that
                   hath
                   pendant
                   Plumes
                   over
                   her
                   Eyes
                   ,
                   the
                   whites
                   whereof
                   are
                   waterish
                   and
                   blank
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   red-mail'd
                   or
                   bright
                   tawny
                   ,
                   hath
                   the
                   most
                   assured
                   tokens
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   that
                   is
                   ill
                   conditioned
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Goshawk
                   preyeth
                   on
                   the
                   Pheasant
                   ,
                   Mallard
                   ,
                   Wild-goose
                   ,
                   Hare
                   ,
                   and
                   Coney
                   ;
                   nay
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   venture
                   to
                   seize
                   on
                   a
                   Kid
                   or
                   Goat
                   ;
                   which
                   declareth
                   the
                   inestimable
                   courage
                   and
                   valour
                   of
                   this
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   ought
                   to
                   be
                   kept
                   with
                   great
                   care
                   ,
                   because
                   she
                   is
                   very
                   choice
                   and
                   dainty
                   ,
                   and
                   looks
                   to
                   have
                   a
                   nice
                   hand
                   kept
                   over
                   her
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   the
                   Soar
                   or
                   Haggard
                   Goshawk
                   .
                
                 
                   First
                   trim
                   them
                   with
                   Jesses
                   ,
                   Bewets
                   ,
                   and
                   Bells
                   ,
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   they
                   come
                   to
                   your
                   hands
                   ;
                   keep
                   them
                   seeled
                   some
                   time
                   ,
                   hooding
                   and
                   unhooding
                   them
                   often
                   ,
                   teaching
                   them
                   to
                   feed
                   on
                   the
                   Fist
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   days
                   ,
                   or
                   till
                   they
                   have
                   left
                   their
                   Rammageness
                   and
                   become
                   gentle
                   :
                   having
                   so
                   done
                   ,
                   unseel
                   them
                   by
                   Candle-light
                   at
                   night
                   ,
                   causing
                   them
                   to
                   tire
                   or
                   plume
                   upon
                   a
                   Wing
                   or
                   Leg
                   of
                   a
                   Pullet
                   ;
                   and
                   be
                   sure
                   to
                   deal
                   gently
                   and
                   mildly
                   with
                   them
                   until
                   you
                   have
                   won
                   and
                   throughly
                   manned
                   them
                   :
                   then
                   you
                   may
                   go
                   into
                   some
                   pleasant
                   field
                   ,
                   and
                   first
                   give
                   them
                   a
                   bit
                   or
                   two
                   hooded
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   like
                   unhooded
                   ,
                   cast
                   them
                   down
                   fair
                   and
                   softly
                   on
                   some
                   Pearch
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   them
                   come
                   from
                   it
                   to
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   calling
                   to
                   them
                   with
                   a
                   Faulconer's
                   usual
                   terms
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   they
                   come
                   ,
                   feed
                   them
                   ,
                   calling
                   all
                   the
                   while
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   to
                   make
                   them
                   acquainted
                   with
                   your
                   voice
                   .
                   The
                   next
                   day
                   you
                   may
                   call
                   them
                   with
                   a
                   Creance
                   at
                   a
                   farther
                   distance
                   ,
                   feeding
                   them
                   as
                   before
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   thus
                   called
                   your
                   Goshawk
                   abroad
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   days
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   you
                   find
                   her
                   grow
                   cunning
                   ,
                   then
                   take
                   her
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   and
                   mount
                   on
                   Horseback
                   ,
                   and
                   ride
                   with
                   her
                   an
                   hour
                   or
                   two
                   ,
                   unhooding
                   and
                   hooding
                   her
                   sometimes
                   ,
                   giving
                   her
                   a
                   bit
                   or
                   two
                   in
                   sight
                   of
                   your
                   Spaniels
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   not
                   be
                   afraid
                   of
                   them
                   :
                   this
                   being
                   done
                   ,
                   set
                   her
                   on
                   a
                   Tree
                   with
                   a
                   short
                   Greance
                   tied
                   to
                   her
                   Loins
                   ,
                   and
                   going
                   half
                   a
                   score
                   yards
                   from
                   her
                   on
                   Horseback
                   ,
                   call
                   her
                   to
                   your
                   Fist
                   according
                   to
                   art
                   ;
                   if
                   she
                   come
                   ,
                   reward
                   her
                   with
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   bits
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   her
                   up
                   again
                   to
                   the
                   Tree
                   :
                   then
                   throw
                   out
                   a
                   dead
                   Pullet
                   (
                   to
                   which
                   she
                   was
                   used
                   before
                   )
                   about
                   a
                   dozen
                   yards
                   from
                   her
                   ;
                   if
                   she
                   fly
                   to
                   it
                   and
                   seize
                   it
                   ,
                   let
                   her
                   feed
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   bits
                   upon
                   it
                   ;
                   ride
                   
                   the
                   mean
                   while
                   about
                   her
                   on
                   Horseback
                   ,
                   and
                   rate
                   back
                   your
                   Spaniels
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   shall
                   not
                   rebuke
                   her
                   at
                   first
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   her
                   ever
                   after
                   afraid
                   of
                   them
                   :
                   then
                   alight
                   ,
                   and
                   gently
                   take
                   her
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   feed
                   her
                   ,
                   hood
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   plume
                   or
                   tire
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Goshawk
                   is
                   a
                   greater
                   Poulterer
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   it
                   would
                   be
                   more
                   requisite
                   to
                   throw
                   out
                   a
                   dead
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   or
                   one
                   made
                   artificially
                   with
                   its
                   Wing
                   ,
                   Tail
                   and
                   Plumage
                   ;
                   which
                   will
                   cause
                   her
                   to
                   know
                   Partridge
                   better
                   ,
                   and
                   Poultry
                   less
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   fly
                   to
                   the
                   Partridge
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   manned
                   your
                   Goshawk
                   ,
                   go
                   into
                   the
                   field
                   with
                   her
                   ,
                   carrying
                   with
                   you
                   a
                   Train-Partridge
                   ,
                   and
                   unhooding
                   your
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   bear
                   her
                   as
                   gently
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   ;
                   and
                   you
                   will
                   do
                   well
                   to
                   let
                   her
                   plume
                   or
                   tire
                   ,
                   for
                   that
                   will
                   make
                   her
                   the
                   more
                   eager
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   the
                   Partridge
                   spring
                   ,
                   let
                   her
                   fly
                   :
                   if
                   she
                   mark
                   one
                   ,
                   two
                   ,
                   three
                   ,
                   or
                   more
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   then
                   go
                   to
                   her
                   and
                   make
                   her
                   take
                   Pearch
                   on
                   some
                   Tree
                   thereby
                   :
                   then
                   if
                   you
                   can
                   retrive
                   the
                   Partridge
                   with
                   your
                   Spaniels
                   ,
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   they
                   spring
                   it
                   you
                   must
                   cry
                   ,
                   
                     Howit
                     ,
                     howit
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   retrive
                   it
                   the
                   second
                   time
                   ,
                   crying
                   when
                   it
                   springeth
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   :
                   if
                   your
                   Hawk
                   kill
                   it
                   ,
                   feed
                   her
                   upon
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   it
                   so
                   happen
                   your
                   Spaniels
                   should
                   take
                   it
                   (
                   as
                   it
                   is
                   very
                   frequent
                   for
                   hot
                   Spaniels
                   to
                   light
                   upon
                   the
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   being
                   either
                   flown
                   out
                   of
                   breath
                   ,
                   or
                   overcharged
                   with
                   fear
                   )
                   then
                   alight
                   from
                   your
                   Horse
                   ,
                   and
                   taking
                   it
                   speedily
                   from
                   the
                   Dogs
                   ,
                   cast
                   it
                   out
                   to
                   your
                   Hawk
                   crying
                   ,
                   
                     Ware
                     Hawk
                     ,
                     ware
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   feed
                   thereon
                   at
                   her
                   pleasure
                   .
                
                 
                   After
                   this
                   you
                   must
                   not
                   fly
                   her
                   in
                   two
                   days
                   :
                   for
                   having
                   fed
                   on
                   bloudy
                   meat
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   not
                   so
                   soon
                   be
                   in
                   good
                   case
                   to
                   fly
                   again
                   ;
                   for
                   such
                   meat
                   is
                   not
                   so
                   easily
                   endewed
                   by
                   a
                   Hawk
                   as
                   the
                   Leg
                   of
                   a
                   Chicken
                   or
                   the
                   like
                   ,
                   
                   Using
                   her
                   thus
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   times
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   be
                   well
                   in
                   bloud
                   ,
                   and
                   become
                   an
                   excellent
                   Flier
                   at
                   this
                   pleasant
                   Field
                   flight
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   must
                   do
                   at
                   first
                   with
                   her
                   as
                   with
                   other
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   feel
                   and
                   watch
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   win
                   her
                   to
                   feed
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   Hood
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   Fist
                   ,
                   &c.
                   and
                   then
                   enter
                   her
                   to
                   young
                   Partridges
                   till
                   November
                   ,
                   at
                   which
                   time
                   both
                   Trees
                   and
                   Fields
                   become
                   bare
                   and
                   empty
                   :
                   then
                   you
                   may
                   enter
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   old
                   Rewen
                   ,
                   setting
                   her
                   short
                   and
                   eager
                   ;
                   if
                   she
                   kill
                   ,
                   feed
                   her
                   up
                   with
                   the
                   Partridge
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   times
                   ,
                   and
                   this
                   will
                   bring
                   her
                   to
                   perfection
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   your
                   Hawk
                   be
                   a
                   good
                   Partridger
                   ,
                   let
                   her
                   not
                   fly
                   at
                   the
                   Powt
                   or
                   Pheasant
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   fly
                   not
                   so
                   long
                   a
                   Flight
                   as
                   the
                   Partridge
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   the
                   Goshawk
                   ,
                   being
                   more
                   greedy
                   of
                   Prey
                   than
                   any
                   other
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   (
                   yet
                   desirous
                   of
                   ease
                   ,
                   would
                   always
                   covet
                   short
                   Flights
                   ,
                   not
                   caring
                   to
                   hold
                   out
                   :
                   not
                   but
                   that
                   there
                   are
                   some
                   good
                   both
                   for
                   long
                   and
                   short
                   flights
                   ,
                   but
                   they
                   are
                   rarely
                   sound
                   .
                
                 
                   Besides
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   have
                   a
                   great
                   care
                   in
                   keeping
                   them
                   in
                   good
                   order
                   ,
                   with
                   Flying
                   ,
                   Bathing
                   ,
                   Weathering
                   ,
                   Tiring
                   ,
                   and
                   Pluming
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   help
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   that
                   turneth
                   Tail
                   to
                   Tail
                   ,
                   and
                   giveth
                   over
                   her
                   Game
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   usual
                   for
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   to
                   fly
                   at
                   a
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   yet
                   neither
                   kill
                   it
                   ,
                   nor
                   fly
                   it
                   to
                   mark
                   ,
                   but
                   to
                   turn
                   
                     Tail
                     to
                     Tail
                  
                   ;
                   that
                   is
                   having
                   flown
                   it
                   a
                   Bow-shot
                   or
                   more
                   ,
                   she
                   giveth
                   over
                   her
                   Game
                   ,
                   and
                   takes
                   a
                   Tree
                   :
                   then
                   must
                   you
                   call
                   in
                   your
                   Spaniels
                   to
                   the
                   Retrieve
                   that
                   way
                   your
                   Hawk
                   flew
                   the
                   Partridge
                   ;
                   let
                   the
                   Faulconer
                   draw
                   himself
                   that
                   way
                   also
                   ,
                   and
                   carrying
                   with
                   him
                   a
                   quick
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   cast
                   it
                   out
                   to
                   her
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   make
                   
                   her
                   believe
                   it
                   is
                   the
                   same
                   she
                   flew
                   at
                   .
                   When
                   you
                   cast
                   it
                   out
                   ,
                   cry
                   ,
                   
                     Ware
                     Hawk
                     ,
                     ware
                  
                   ;
                   make
                   her
                   seize
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   feed
                   her
                   upon
                   it
                   :
                   and
                   this
                   will
                   encourage
                   her
                   to
                   fly
                   out
                   her
                   flight
                   another
                   time
                   .
                   If
                   the
                   next
                   time
                   you
                   fly
                   her
                   (
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   the
                   third
                   day
                   )
                   she
                   serve
                   you
                   so
                   again
                   ,
                   then
                   must
                   you
                   do
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   with
                   alive
                   Partridge
                   carried
                   about
                   you
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   :
                   if
                   she
                   serve
                   you
                   so
                   the
                   third
                   time
                   ,
                   I
                   would
                   advise
                   you
                   to
                   rid
                   your
                   hands
                   of
                   her
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   fly
                   quickly
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Goshawk
                   (
                   especially
                   Soars
                   and
                   Niasses
                   )
                   are
                   very
                   loving
                   to
                   and
                   fond
                   of
                   man
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   should
                   be
                   flown
                   with
                   a
                   little
                   more
                   Rammage
                   ,
                   else
                   frequently
                   ,
                   after
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   stroaks
                   with
                   their
                   Wings
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   give
                   over
                   the
                   flight
                   ,
                   and
                   return
                   to
                   the
                   Keeper
                   :
                   wherefore
                   you
                   must
                   fly
                   with
                   them
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   .
                   And
                   yet
                   there
                   is
                   an
                   evil
                   which
                   attends
                   this
                   direction
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   by
                   flying
                   over-soon
                   you
                   will
                   pull
                   down
                   your
                   Hawk
                   and
                   make
                   her
                   poor
                   ,
                   from
                   whence
                   proceeds
                   fearfulness
                   and
                   cowardise
                   .
                   To
                   remedy
                   which
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   give
                   your
                   Hawk
                   some
                   respite
                   ,
                   and
                   set
                   her
                   up
                   again
                   before
                   you
                   fly
                   her
                   .
                   There
                   are
                   some
                   Goshawks
                   (
                   but
                   very
                   few
                   )
                   which
                   will
                   not
                   fly
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   in
                   good
                   plight
                   :
                   then
                   must
                   you
                   bate
                   their
                   flesh
                   ,
                   and
                   pinch
                   them
                   with
                   scouring
                   ,
                   washt
                   meat
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   like
                   .
                   But
                   the
                   best
                   way
                   of
                   flying
                   such
                   an
                   one
                   is
                   when
                   she
                   is
                   lusty
                   and
                   high
                   :
                   and
                   to
                   adde
                   to
                   her
                   vivacity
                   and
                   courage
                   ,
                   let
                   her
                   be
                   set
                   abroad
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   an
                   hour
                   or
                   two
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   weather
                   is
                   not
                   very
                   cold
                   ;
                   for
                   being
                   so
                   weather'd
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   hath
                   flown
                   a
                   Partridge
                   to
                   the
                   Mark
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   not
                   away
                   until
                   it
                   be
                   retrieved
                   by
                   the
                   Spaniels
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   How
                   to
                   fly
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   to
                   the
                   River
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Goshawk
                   (
                   but
                   no
                   Tiercel
                   )
                   may
                   fly
                   the
                   River
                   at
                   Mallard
                   ,
                   Duck
                   ,
                   Goose
                   ,
                   or
                   Hern
                   ,
                   with
                   other
                   large
                   Water-fowl
                   :
                   She
                   is
                   made
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   after
                   this
                   manner
                   .
                
                 
                   First
                   ,
                   make
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   Fist
                   ,
                   as
                   is
                   prescribed
                   in
                   her
                   making
                   to
                   the
                   Field
                   :
                   then
                   carry
                   her
                   into
                   the
                   field
                   without
                   Bells
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   a
                   live
                   Duck
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   give
                   to
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   company
                   ,
                   who
                   must
                   hide
                   himself
                   in
                   some
                   Ditch
                   or
                   Pit
                   with
                   the
                   Duck
                   tied
                   to
                   a
                   Creance
                   :
                   then
                   must
                   you
                   draw
                   near
                   him
                   with
                   your
                   Hawk
                   unhooded
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   and
                   giving
                   him
                   some
                   private
                   notice
                   to
                   throw
                   out
                   the
                   Duck
                   ,
                   cast
                   off
                   your
                   Hawk
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   she
                   take
                   it
                   at
                   the
                   Source
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   reward
                   and
                   feed
                   her
                   with
                   a
                   reasonable
                   Gorge
                   :
                   then
                   take
                   her
                   upon
                   your
                   Fist
                   and
                   hood
                   her
                   ,
                   permitting
                   her
                   to
                   tire
                   and
                   plume
                   upon
                   the
                   Leg
                   or
                   Wing
                   of
                   the
                   Duck.
                   The
                   third
                   day
                   go
                   again
                   with
                   her
                   into
                   the
                   Field
                   in
                   like
                   manner
                   ,
                   or
                   else
                   find
                   out
                   some
                   Plash
                   or
                   Pool
                   where
                   Wild-fowl
                   lie
                   ,
                   taking
                   the
                   advantage
                   of
                   the
                   rising
                   Bank
                   :
                   being
                   near
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   let
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   company
                   raise
                   them
                   up
                   ,
                   and
                   your
                   Hawk
                   being
                   unhooded
                   ,
                   cast
                   her
                   off
                   ;
                   if
                   she
                   kill
                   any
                   of
                   them
                   at
                   Source
                   ,
                   make
                   in
                   to
                   her
                   quickly
                   ,
                   and
                   cross
                   the
                   Fowl's
                   Wings
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   foot
                   and
                   plume
                   it
                   at
                   her
                   pleasure
                   ,
                   rewarding
                   her
                   as
                   before
                   .
                   After
                   this
                   ,
                   take
                   her
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   tire
                   and
                   plume
                   the
                   Leg
                   or
                   Wing
                   of
                   the
                   Fowl
                   aforesaid
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   your
                   Goshawk
                   is
                   throughly
                   nouzled
                   ,
                   and
                   well
                   in
                   bloud
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   fly
                   her
                   twice
                   a
                   day
                   or
                   oftner
                   ,
                   rewarding
                   her
                   as
                   before
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   An
                   excellent
                   way
                   to
                   preserve
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   in
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   her
                   flying
                   ,
                   especially
                   in
                   hot
                   weather
                   .
                
                 
                   Take
                   a
                   pint
                   of
                   Red-rose-Water
                   ,
                   put
                   it
                   into
                   a
                   Bottle
                   ,
                   bruise
                   one
                   stick
                   or
                   two
                   of
                   green
                   Liquorish
                   and
                   put
                   in
                   it
                   likewise
                   a
                   little
                   Mace
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   quantity
                   of
                   a
                   Wallnut
                   of
                   Sugar-candy
                   ,
                   and
                   draw
                   her
                   meat
                   through
                   it
                   twice
                   or
                   thrice
                   a
                   week
                   ,
                   as
                   you
                   shall
                   find
                   occasion
                   :
                   It
                   prevents
                   the
                   Phantass
                   ,
                   and
                   several
                   Diseases
                   they
                   are
                   subject
                   to
                   :
                   besides
                   ,
                   it
                   gives
                   a
                   huge
                   Breath
                   ,
                   and
                   gently
                   scoureth
                   her
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   fly
                   the
                   Wild-goose
                   or
                   Crane
                   with
                   the
                   Goshawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   mann'd
                   your
                   Goshawk
                   ,
                   brought
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   Fist
                   ,
                   and
                   train'd
                   her
                   with
                   a
                   Goose
                   in
                   the
                   Field
                   ,
                   then
                   seek
                   out
                   where
                   Wild-geese
                   ,
                   Cranes
                   ,
                   or
                   other
                   large
                   Wild-fowl
                   lie
                   :
                   having
                   found
                   them
                   afar
                   off
                   ,
                   alight
                   and
                   carry
                   your
                   Hawk
                   unhooded
                   behind
                   your
                   Horse
                   ,
                   stalking
                   towards
                   them
                   until
                   you
                   have
                   got
                   pretty
                   nigh
                   them
                   ,
                   holding
                   down
                   your
                   Hawk
                   covert
                   under
                   the
                   Horse's
                   Neck
                   or
                   Body
                   ,
                   yet
                   so
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   see
                   the
                   Fowl
                   :
                   then
                   you
                   must
                   raise
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   casting
                   off
                   your
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   if
                   she
                   kill
                   ,
                   reward
                   her
                   .
                   And
                   thus
                   she
                   may
                   kill
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   in
                   a
                   day
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   like
                   manner
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   make
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   Crane
                   ,
                   and
                   may
                   stalk
                   to
                   Fowl
                   which
                   lie
                   in
                   Ponds
                   or
                   Pits
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   if
                   you
                   can
                   fly
                   at
                   great
                   ,
                   slight
                   the
                   lesser
                   Flights
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   make
                   your
                   Hawk
                   the
                   bolder
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   How
                   to
                   mew
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   ,
                   and
                   draw
                   her
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Mew
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   her
                   Flying
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   flown
                   with
                   a
                   
                     Goshawk
                     ,
                     Tiercel
                     ,
                     Soar
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Haggard
                   till
                   March
                   ,
                   give
                   her
                   some
                   good
                   Quarry
                   in
                   her
                   Foot
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   seen
                   her
                   clean
                   from
                   Lice
                   ,
                   cut
                   off
                   the
                   Buttons
                   of
                   her
                   Jesses
                   ,
                   and
                   throw
                   her
                   into
                   the
                   Mew
                   ;
                   which
                   Room
                   should
                   be
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   scituated
                   towards
                   the
                   North
                   ,
                   if
                   possible
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   the
                   Pearches
                   therein
                   be
                   lined
                   with
                   Canvas
                   or
                   Cotton
                   ;
                   for
                   otherwise
                   by
                   hurting
                   her
                   Foot
                   she
                   may
                   get
                   the
                   Gout
                   or
                   Pynn
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   the
                   Mew
                   have
                   also
                   a
                   Window
                   towards
                   the
                   East
                   ,
                   and
                   another
                   Northward
                   .
                   There
                   must
                   be
                   also
                   a
                   Bason
                   of
                   Water
                   in
                   the
                   Mew
                   for
                   bathing
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   shifted
                   every
                   three
                   days
                   .
                   Feed
                   your
                   Hawk
                   with
                   Pigeons
                   ,
                   or
                   else
                   with
                   the
                   hot
                   Flesh
                   of
                   Weather-Mutton
                   .
                
                 
                   About
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   October
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   find
                   your
                   Goshawk
                   fair
                   mew'd
                   and
                   hard
                   penn'd
                   ,
                   then
                   give
                   her
                   Chickens
                   ,
                   Lambs-hearts
                   ,
                   or
                   Calves-hearts
                   ,
                   for
                   about
                   twenty
                   days
                   together
                   ,
                   to
                   scour
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   her
                   slise
                   out
                   the
                   slimy
                   substance
                   and
                   glitt
                   out
                   of
                   her
                   Pannel
                   ,
                   and
                   enseam
                   her
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   done
                   thus
                   ,
                   some
                   Evening
                   draw
                   her
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Mew
                   ,
                   and
                   new
                   furnish
                   her
                   with
                   Jesses
                   ,
                   Bells
                   ,
                   Bewets
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   other
                   things
                   needful
                   for
                   her
                   :
                   then
                   keep
                   her
                   seel'd
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   days
                   ,
                   till
                   she
                   will
                   endure
                   the
                   Hood
                   patiently
                   ;
                   for
                   mewed
                   Hawks
                   are
                   as
                   impatient
                   of
                   the
                   Hood
                   as
                   those
                   newly
                   taken
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   won
                   her
                   to
                   endure
                   the
                   Hood
                   ,
                   then
                   in
                   an
                   Evening
                   by
                   Candle-light
                   you
                   may
                   unseel
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   next
                   day
                   shew
                   her
                   the
                   Fist
                   and
                   Glove
                   ,
                   making
                   her
                   to
                   tire
                   and
                   plume
                   morning
                   and
                   evening
                   ,
                   giving
                   her
                   sometimes
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   (
                   when
                   her
                   Gorge
                   is
                   
                   empty
                   )
                   a
                   little
                   Sugar-candy
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   help
                   her
                   in
                   an
                   excellent
                   manner
                   to
                   endew
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   find
                   your
                   Goshawk
                   feed
                   eagerly
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   you
                   think
                   in
                   your
                   judgement
                   she
                   is
                   enseamed
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   boldly
                   fly
                   with
                   her
                   ,
                   then
                   go
                   with
                   her
                   into
                   the
                   Field
                   ;
                   she
                   will
                   then
                   bate
                   ,
                   (
                   if
                   empty
                   )
                   and
                   fly
                   of
                   her
                   own
                   accord
                   :
                   if
                   she
                   kill
                   ,
                   feed
                   and
                   reward
                   her
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   she
                   fly
                   to
                   the
                   mark
                   with
                   a
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   then
                   must
                   you
                   retrive
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   serve
                   her
                   as
                   afore
                   declared
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Some
                   general
                   Observations
                   for
                   an
                   Ostrager
                   or
                   Falconer
                   in
                   Keeping
                   and
                   Reclaiming
                   a
                   GOSHAWK
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   frequently
                   happens
                   that
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   or
                   Tiercel
                   ,
                   where
                   good
                   in
                   their
                   Soarage
                   ,
                   become
                   worse
                   after
                   they
                   are
                   mewed
                   :
                   and
                   the
                   reason
                   may
                   be
                   ,
                   because
                   she
                   was
                   not
                   cherished
                   nor
                   encouraged
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   her
                   take
                   delight
                   in
                   her
                   Soarage
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   in
                   a
                   manner
                   the
                   major
                   part
                   of
                   a
                   Faulconer's
                   skill
                   consists
                   in
                   coying
                   and
                   kind
                   usage
                   of
                   his
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   so
                   cherishing
                   her
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   take
                   delight
                   in
                   her
                   Flight
                   .
                
                 
                   At
                   the
                   first
                   entring
                   of
                   his
                   Hawk
                   he
                   ought
                   always
                   to
                   have
                   a
                   Train-Partridge
                   in
                   his
                   Bag
                   ,
                   to
                   serve
                   her
                   with
                   when
                   need
                   requires
                   ,
                   to
                   purchase
                   her
                   love
                   :
                   and
                   let
                   him
                   take
                   such
                   observations
                   which
                   may
                   keep
                   his
                   Hawk
                   always
                   in
                   good
                   order
                   .
                   As
                   first
                   ,
                   he
                   must
                   know
                   naturally
                   all
                   Goshawks
                   are
                   full
                   of
                   moist
                   humours
                   ,
                   especially
                   in
                   the
                   Head
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   let
                   him
                   ply
                   them
                   with
                   Tiring
                   and
                   Pluming
                   morning
                   and
                   evening
                   ;
                   for
                   that
                   will
                   open
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   Head
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   them
                   cast
                   water
                   thereat
                   .
                   Let
                   the
                   Goshawk's
                   tiring
                   be
                   a
                   Rum
                   of
                   Beef
                   ,
                   a
                   Pinion
                   or
                   the
                   Leg
                   of
                   a
                   Chicken
                   ,
                   given
                   by
                   the
                   fire
                   ,
                   or
                   in
                   the
                   warm
                   Sun
                   :
                   this
                   not
                   onely
                   opens
                   her
                   Head
                   ,
                   but
                   keeps
                   her
                   from
                   slothfulness
                   in
                   good
                   exercise
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Give
                   her
                   every
                   night
                   Casting
                   of
                   Feathers
                   or
                   Cotton
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   mark
                   whether
                   it
                   be
                   wrought
                   round
                   or
                   not
                   ,
                   whether
                   sweet
                   or
                   not
                   ,
                   whether
                   moist
                   or
                   dry
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   what
                   colour
                   the
                   water
                   is
                   that
                   drops
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Casting
                   :
                   by
                   these
                   means
                   he
                   shall
                   know
                   what
                   condition
                   his
                   Hawk
                   is
                   in
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   also
                   ought
                   to
                   regard
                   her
                   Mewts
                   ,
                   to
                   see
                   whether
                   they
                   be
                   clean
                   or
                   not
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   remedies
                   accordingly
                   .
                   He
                   ought
                   also
                   to
                   consider
                   the
                   season
                   ;
                   for
                   in
                   cold
                   weather
                   he
                   must
                   set
                   his
                   Hawk
                   in
                   some
                   warm
                   place
                   where
                   fire
                   is
                   made
                   ;
                   he
                   must
                   line
                   the
                   Pearch
                   with
                   Canvas
                   or
                   Cotton
                   ,
                   and
                   must
                   set
                   it
                   so
                   far
                   from
                   the
                   Wall
                   that
                   the
                   Hawk
                   hurt
                   not
                   her
                   Feathers
                   when
                   she
                   bateth
                   .
                   If
                   the
                   weather
                   be
                   temperate
                   ,
                   he
                   may
                   then
                   set
                   her
                   in
                   the
                   Sun-shine
                   for
                   an
                   hour
                   or
                   two
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   no
                   Hens
                   or
                   Poultry
                   come
                   near
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   your
                   Hawk
                   doth
                   Pearch
                   ;
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   Spring
                   offer
                   her
                   water
                   every
                   week
                   ,
                   or
                   else
                   she
                   will
                   soar
                   away
                   from
                   you
                   when
                   she
                   flieth
                   ,
                   and
                   you
                   may
                   go
                   look
                   her
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   your
                   Hawk
                   bathe
                   her self
                   spontaneously
                   in
                   cold
                   weather
                   after
                   her
                   flight
                   ,
                   go
                   presently
                   to
                   the
                   next
                   house
                   and
                   weather
                   her
                   with
                   her
                   Back
                   to
                   the
                   fire
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   her
                   Gorge
                   ,
                   for
                   that
                   will
                   make
                   her
                   sick
                   :
                   and
                   dry
                   your
                   Hawk
                   if
                   you
                   have
                   carried
                   her
                   in
                   the
                   Rain
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   good
                   Faulconer
                   will
                   always
                   keep
                   his
                   Hawk
                   high
                   and
                   lusty
                   ,
                   yet
                   so
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   be
                   always
                   in
                   a
                   condition
                   to
                   fly
                   best
                   .
                
                 
                   Also
                   he
                   must
                   keep
                   his
                   Hawk
                   clean
                   ,
                   and
                   her
                   Feathers
                   whole
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   a
                   Feather
                   be
                   broken
                   or
                   bruised
                   ,
                   he
                   must
                   presently
                   imp
                   it
                   ;
                   and
                   to
                   that
                   end
                   he
                   must
                   have
                   his
                   Imping-needles
                   ,
                   his
                   Semond
                   ,
                   with
                   other
                   Instruments
                   always
                   in
                   readiness
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   year
                   it
                   is
                   most
                   requisite
                   to
                   fly
                   your
                   Goshawk
                   to
                   the
                   Field
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   to
                   the
                   Covert
                   ;
                   for
                   so
                   they
                   will
                   learn
                   to
                   hold
                   out
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   turn
                   tail
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   their
                   slight
                   :
                   and
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   mewed
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   you
                   
                   may
                   make
                   them
                   do
                   what
                   you
                   will
                   :
                   and
                   it
                   is
                   better
                   to
                   let
                   her
                   be
                   a
                   little
                   rammage
                   than
                   to
                   be
                   overmanned
                   .
                
                 
                   Her
                   feeding
                   is
                   best
                   on
                   hot
                   meats
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   you
                   would
                   instruct
                   her
                   to
                   kill
                   great
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   make
                   her
                   Trains
                   thereof
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   you
                   would
                   have
                   her
                   continue
                   those
                   Flights
                   ,
                   never
                   fly
                   her
                   at
                   less
                   ,
                   for
                   that
                   will
                   take
                   her
                   off
                   from
                   them
                   and
                   spoil
                   her
                   .
                   If
                   you
                   will
                   make
                   her
                   to
                   fly
                   with
                   a
                   Dog
                   to
                   assist
                   her
                   ,
                   then
                   feed
                   your
                   Hawk
                   with
                   great
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   and
                   your
                   Dogs
                   with
                   flesh
                   tied
                   under
                   their
                   Wings
                   .
                   If
                   you
                   train
                   your
                   Hawk
                   with
                   them
                   ,
                   rewarding
                   her
                   upon
                   the
                   Train
                   ,
                   and
                   your
                   Dog
                   with
                   her
                   ,
                   this
                   will
                   make
                   them
                   acquainted
                   together
                   .
                
                 
                   Thus
                   continue
                   doing
                   till
                   your
                   Dog
                   throughly
                   knows
                   his
                   duty
                   :
                   and
                   be
                   sure
                   to
                   keep
                   your
                   Dog
                   tied
                   up
                   ;
                   for
                   if
                   you
                   let
                   him
                   go
                   loose
                   ,
                   it
                   will
                   spoil
                   the
                   best
                   Dog
                   that
                   is
                   :
                   and
                   never
                   give
                   him
                   a
                   reward
                   ,
                   but
                   when
                   he
                   maketh
                   in
                   at
                   such
                   Fowls
                   to
                   rescue
                   the
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Call
                   your
                   Goshawk
                   to
                   no
                   other
                   thing
                   than
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   and
                   oftentimes
                   spurt
                   good
                   wine
                   on
                   your
                   Goshawks
                   Sears
                   :
                   And
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   in
                   all
                   her
                   Distempers
                   sweet
                   things
                   are
                   best
                   to
                   be
                   administred
                   in
                   her
                   Medicines
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   SPARROW-HAWK
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   last
                   Hawk
                   which
                   we
                   shall
                   treat
                   of
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Sparrow-hawk
                   ;
                   of
                   which
                   there
                   are
                   several
                   kinds
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   different
                   Plumes
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   the
                   kinds
                   ,
                   there
                   is
                   the
                   
                     Sclavonian
                     ,
                     Calabrian
                     ,
                     Corsican
                     ,
                     German
                     ,
                     Vicentian
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   
                     Veronian
                     ,
                     Alpisan
                     ,
                     Sabbean
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Bergamascan
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   black
                   Vale
                   near
                   the
                   Confines
                   of
                   Valtolina
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   needless
                   to
                   give
                   you
                   a
                   particular
                   account
                   of
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Their
                   Plumes
                   are
                   different
                   :
                   some
                   are
                   small
                   plumed
                   and
                   blank
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   others
                   of
                   a
                   larger
                   Feather
                   ,
                   some
                   plumed
                   like
                   the
                   Quail
                   ,
                   some
                   brown
                   or
                   Canvas-mail'd
                   ,
                   and
                   others
                   have
                   just
                   thirteen
                   Feathers
                   in
                   their
                   Train
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   To
                   be
                   short
                   ,
                   this
                   Character
                   I
                   mav
                   justly
                   give
                   the
                   Sparrow-hawk
                   in
                   general
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   is
                   in
                   her
                   kind
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   that
                   Game
                   her
                   strength
                   will
                   give
                   her
                   leave
                   to
                   kill
                   ,
                   a
                   very
                   good
                   Hawk
                   .
                   Besides
                   ,
                   he
                   that
                   knows
                   how
                   to
                   man
                   ,
                   reclaim
                   ,
                   and
                   fly
                   with
                   a
                   Sparrow-hawk
                   ,
                   may
                   easily
                   know
                   how
                   to
                   keep
                   and
                   deal
                   with
                   all
                   other
                   Hawks
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   herein
                   lieth
                   an
                   excellency
                   in
                   the
                   Sparrow-hawk
                   ,
                   she
                   serves
                   both
                   for
                   Winter
                   and
                   Summer
                   with
                   great
                   pleasure
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   fly
                   at
                   all
                   kind
                   of
                   Game
                   more
                   than
                   the
                   Faulcon
                   .
                   If
                   the
                   Winter
                   -
                   Sparrow-hawk
                   prove
                   good
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   kill
                   the
                   Pie
                   ,
                   the
                   Chough
                   ,
                   the
                   Jay
                   ,
                   Wood-cock
                   ,
                   Thrush
                   ,
                   Black-bird
                   ,
                   Felfare
                   ,
                   with
                   divers
                   other
                   Birds
                   of
                   the
                   like
                   nature
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Sparrow-hawk
                   ,
                   whether
                   Eyess
                   ,
                   Brancher
                   ,
                   Soar
                   ,
                   Mew'd
                   ,
                   or
                   Haggard
                   .
                
                 
                   Sparrow-hawks
                   are
                   to
                   be
                   considered
                   as
                   all
                   other
                   kinds
                   of
                   Hawks
                   are
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   their
                   age
                   and
                   disposition
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   several
                   kinds
                   of
                   Sparrow-hawks
                   may
                   be
                   comprehended
                   under
                   these
                   five
                   heads
                   ;
                   the
                   Eyesses
                   or
                   
                     Nyesses
                     ,
                     Branchers
                     ,
                     Soars
                     ,
                     Mew'd
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   Haggards
                   .
                
                 
                   Eyesses
                   ,
                   are
                   mewed
                   in
                   the
                   Wood
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   taken
                   in
                   the
                   Eyrie
                   .
                
                 
                   Branchers
                   ,
                   are
                   those
                   which
                   have
                   forsaken
                   the
                   Eyrie
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   fed
                   near
                   it
                   by
                   the
                   old
                   ones
                   on
                   Boughs
                   and
                   Branches
                   .
                
                 
                   Soar-hawks
                   ,
                   are
                   so
                   called
                   ,
                   because
                   ,
                   having
                   forsaken
                   
                   the
                   Eyrie
                   ,
                   and
                   beginning
                   to
                   prey
                   for
                   themselves
                   ,
                   they
                   soar
                   up
                   alost
                   for
                   pleasure
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Mew'd
                     Hawks
                  
                   ,
                   are
                   such
                   which
                   have
                   once
                   or
                   more
                   shifted
                   the
                   Feather
                   .
                
                 
                   Lastly
                   ,
                   Haggards
                   ,
                   are
                   they
                   which
                   prey
                   for
                   themselves
                   ,
                   and
                   do
                   also
                   mew
                   in
                   the
                   Wood
                   or
                   at
                   large
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   division
                   of
                   kindes
                   is
                   not
                   peculiar
                   to
                   the
                   Sparrow-Hawk
                   ,
                   but
                   common
                   to
                   all
                   :
                   give
                   me
                   leave
                   to
                   run
                   them
                   over
                   in
                   order
                   as
                   I
                   have
                   set
                   them
                   down
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   the
                   Eyress
                   or
                   Nyess
                   ,
                   (
                   which
                   is
                   of
                   greatest
                   difficulty
                   to
                   bring
                   to
                   any
                   perfection
                   )
                   you
                   must
                   first
                   feed
                   her
                   in
                   some
                   cool
                   Room
                   which
                   hath
                   two
                   Windows
                   ,
                   the
                   one
                   to
                   the
                   North
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   other
                   to
                   the
                   East
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   open
                   ,
                   and
                   barred
                   over
                   with
                   Laths
                   ,
                   not
                   so
                   wide
                   for
                   a
                   Hawk
                   to
                   get
                   out
                   ,
                   or
                   Vermin
                   to
                   come
                   in
                   :
                   strow
                   the
                   Chamber
                   with
                   fresh
                   Leaves
                   ,
                   and
                   do
                   in
                   every
                   respect
                   to
                   this
                   Room
                   as
                   I
                   have
                   ordered
                   in
                   a
                   former
                   Chapter
                   for
                   the
                   Mewing
                   the
                   Faulcon
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   must
                   feed
                   your
                   Eyess
                   with
                   Sparrows
                   ,
                   young
                   Pigeons
                   ,
                   and
                   Sheeps-hearts
                   .
                   Whilst
                   she
                   is
                   very
                   young
                   and
                   little
                   you
                   should
                   cut
                   her
                   meat
                   ,
                   or
                   shred
                   it
                   into
                   small
                   pellets
                   ,
                   and
                   feed
                   her
                   twice
                   or
                   thrice
                   a
                   day
                   ,
                   according
                   as
                   you
                   find
                   her
                   endew
                   it
                   or
                   put
                   it
                   over
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   she
                   is
                   full
                   summed
                   and
                   flieth
                   about
                   ,
                   then
                   give
                   her
                   whole
                   small
                   Birds
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   feed
                   her
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   suffering
                   her
                   to
                   strain
                   and
                   kill
                   the
                   Birds
                   in
                   your
                   hand
                   ;
                   and
                   sometimes
                   put
                   live
                   Birds
                   into
                   the
                   Chamber
                   where
                   she
                   is
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   learn
                   to
                   know
                   to
                   foot
                   and
                   to
                   kill
                   them
                   ;
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   feed
                   upon
                   them
                   in
                   your
                   presence
                   :
                   by
                   this
                   course
                   you
                   will
                   not
                   onely
                   neul
                   her
                   ,
                   but
                   take
                   her
                   off
                   from
                   that
                   scurvy
                   quality
                   of
                   hiding
                   her
                   Prey
                   when
                   she
                   hath
                   seized
                   it
                   ,
                   a
                   natural
                   property
                   belonging
                   to
                   all
                   Eyesses
                   .
                   Likewise
                   every
                   morning
                   go
                   into
                   the
                   Room
                   ,
                   call
                   her
                   to
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   whistle
                   and
                   use
                   such
                   terms
                   as
                   you
                   would
                   have
                   her
                   hereafter
                   acquainted
                   with
                   .
                   When
                   she
                   hath
                   put
                   forth
                   all
                   her
                   Feathers
                   and
                   is
                   full
                   
                   summed
                   ,
                   then
                   take
                   her
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Chamber
                   ,
                   and
                   furnish
                   her
                   with
                   Bells
                   ,
                   Bewets
                   ,
                   Jesses
                   ,
                   and
                   Lines
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   will
                   be
                   altogether
                   requisite
                   to
                   seel
                   her
                   at
                   first
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   the
                   better
                   endure
                   the
                   Hood
                   and
                   handling
                   :
                   and
                   let
                   it
                   be
                   a
                   Rufter-hood
                   that
                   is
                   large
                   and
                   easie
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   pull
                   off
                   and
                   put
                   on
                   frequently
                   ,
                   stroaking
                   her
                   often
                   on
                   the
                   head
                   ,
                   till
                   she
                   will
                   stand
                   gently
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   Evening
                   by
                   Gandle-light
                   unseel
                   her
                   ,
                   giving
                   her
                   somewhat
                   to
                   tire
                   upon
                   ,
                   handling
                   and
                   stroaking
                   her
                   Feathers
                   gently
                   ,
                   hooding
                   and
                   unhooding
                   her
                   as
                   often
                   as
                   you
                   think
                   fit
                   .
                
                 
                   Before
                   I
                   proceed
                   any
                   farther
                   ,
                   I
                   shall
                   inform
                   you
                   how
                   to
                   Seela
                   Hawk
                   after
                   the
                   best
                   manner
                   .
                   Take
                   a
                   Needle
                   threaded
                   with
                   untwisted
                   Thread
                   ,
                   and
                   casting
                   your
                   Hawk
                   take
                   her
                   by
                   the
                   Beak
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   the
                   Needle
                   through
                   her
                   Eye-lid
                   ,
                   not
                   right
                   against
                   the
                   sight
                   of
                   the
                   Eye
                   ,
                   but
                   somewhat
                   nearer
                   the
                   Beak
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   have
                   liberty
                   to
                   see
                   backward
                   ;
                   and
                   have
                   especial
                   care
                   that
                   you
                   hurt
                   not
                   the
                   Web
                   :
                   then
                   put
                   your
                   Needle
                   through
                   the
                   other
                   Eye-lid
                   ,
                   drawing
                   the
                   ends
                   of
                   the
                   Thread
                   together
                   ,
                   tie
                   them
                   over
                   the
                   Beak
                   ,
                   not
                   with
                   a
                   straight
                   knot
                   ,
                   but
                   cut
                   off
                   the
                   Threads
                   near
                   to
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   knot
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   twist
                   them
                   together
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Eye-lids
                   may
                   be
                   raised
                   so
                   upwards
                   that
                   the
                   Hawk
                   may
                   not
                   see
                   at
                   all
                   ,
                   but
                   as
                   the
                   Thread
                   shall
                   slacken
                   ,
                   she
                   shall
                   be
                   able
                   to
                   see
                   backwards
                   only
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   cause
                   that
                   the
                   Thread
                   is
                   put
                   nearer
                   the
                   Beak
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   your
                   Eyess
                   is
                   well
                   won
                   to
                   the
                   Hood
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   the
                   Fist
                   ,
                   let
                   her
                   kill
                   small
                   birds
                   thereon
                   ;
                   then
                   call
                   her
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   days
                   or
                   longer
                   ,
                   till
                   she
                   will
                   come
                   far
                   off
                   ;
                   then
                   take
                   a
                   live
                   Pidgeon
                   tied
                   by
                   the
                   Foot
                   with
                   a
                   Creance
                   ,
                   and
                   stir
                   it
                   till
                   your
                   Hawk
                   will
                   bate
                   at
                   it
                   and
                   seize
                   it
                   ,
                   but
                   not
                   far
                   off
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   quickly
                   help
                   her
                   at
                   the
                   first
                   ,
                   lest
                   the
                   Pidgeon
                   struggling
                   with
                   her
                   she
                   prove
                   too
                   strong
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   discourage
                   your
                   young
                   Hawk
                   :
                   
                   then
                   let
                   her
                   plume
                   and
                   foot
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   feed
                   her
                   thereupon
                   ,
                   whistling
                   the
                   while
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   may
                   know
                   it
                   another
                   time
                   :
                   then
                   hood
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   plume
                   and
                   tire
                   a
                   little
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   may
                   use
                   her
                   to
                   Trains
                   of
                   Chicken
                   and
                   Quail
                   :
                   and
                   when
                   she
                   will
                   seize
                   readily
                   by
                   often
                   Training
                   ,
                   ride
                   out
                   with
                   her
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   into
                   the
                   Fields
                   ,
                   where
                   calling
                   your
                   Sparrow-hawk
                   to
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   and
                   giving
                   her
                   a
                   bit
                   or
                   two
                   ,
                   go
                   with
                   your
                   Spaniels
                   to
                   seek
                   some
                   Beavy
                   of
                   young
                   Quails
                   ,
                   advancing
                   your
                   Fist
                   aloft
                   ,
                   that
                   your
                   Hawk
                   may
                   see
                   them
                   when
                   they
                   spring
                   ,
                   flying
                   her
                   at
                   advantage
                   :
                   if
                   she
                   kill
                   reward
                   her
                   ,
                   &c.
                   if
                   she
                   miss
                   ,
                   serve
                   her
                   with
                   the
                   Train
                   of
                   a
                   Quail
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   your
                   Dogs
                   hunt
                   on
                   your
                   right
                   hand
                   when
                   they
                   range
                   ,
                   but
                   especially
                   when
                   they
                   quest
                   and
                   call
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   end
                   you
                   may
                   the
                   better
                   cast
                   off
                   your
                   Hawk
                   .
                   When
                   your
                   Hawk
                   is
                   throughly
                   entred
                   and
                   well
                   nouzled
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   then
                   hold
                   your
                   hand
                   low
                   ,
                   for
                   she
                   will
                   now
                   bate
                   at
                   the
                   Whur
                   :
                   but
                   whatsoever
                   you
                   do
                   ,
                   have
                   a
                   quick
                   eye
                   and
                   a
                   good
                   regard
                   to
                   the
                   Spaniels
                   ,
                   not
                   coveting
                   to
                   be
                   too
                   near
                   them
                   ,
                   but
                   a
                   little
                   above
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   let
                   your
                   Hawk
                   fly
                   coasting
                   at
                   the
                   advantage
                   when
                   the
                   Game
                   springeth
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Brancher
                   ,
                   Sodr
                   ,
                   Mew'd
                   ,
                   and
                   Haggard
                   Sparrow-hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   spoken
                   of
                   the
                   first
                   kind
                   of
                   Sparrow-haws
                   ,
                   viz.
                   the
                   Eyess
                   ,
                   the
                   other
                   four
                   in
                   the
                   Title
                   of
                   this
                   Chapter
                   must
                   consequently
                   be
                   discoursed
                   of
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   shall
                   give
                   you
                   but
                   few
                   instructions
                   ,
                   for
                   in
                   effect
                   the
                   same
                   Precepts
                   that
                   serve
                   for
                   the
                   Eyess
                   will
                   serve
                   also
                   for
                   the
                   
                     Brancher
                     ,
                     Soar
                     ,
                     Mew'd
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Haggard
                     Hawks
                  
                   ;
                   onely
                   this
                   ,
                   these
                   four
                   last
                   require
                   not
                   so
                   much
                   pains
                   to
                   be
                   taken
                   to
                   make
                   them
                   know
                   their
                   Game
                   as
                   the
                   Eyess
                   ,
                   
                   because
                   they
                   have
                   been
                   accustomed
                   to
                   prey
                   for
                   themselves
                   .
                
                 
                   Above
                   all
                   things
                   ,
                   the
                   Faulconer
                   must
                   take
                   them
                   off
                   from
                   their
                   ill
                   custom
                   of
                   carrying
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   may
                   be
                   done
                   by
                   serving
                   them
                   with
                   great
                   Trains
                   ,
                   whereby
                   they
                   will
                   learn
                   to
                   abide
                   on
                   the
                   Quarry
                   .
                
                 
                   Be
                   very
                   mindful
                   of
                   coying
                   them
                   as
                   much
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   will
                   remember
                   a
                   kindness
                   or
                   injury
                   better
                   than
                   any
                   other
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   the
                   Hawk
                   be
                   newly
                   taken
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   not
                   feed
                   ,
                   then
                   rub
                   her
                   Feet
                   with
                   warm
                   flesh
                   ,
                   whistling
                   to
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   putting
                   the
                   flesh
                   unto
                   her
                   Beak
                   :
                   if
                   she
                   will
                   not
                   yet
                   feed
                   ,
                   rub
                   her
                   Feet
                   with
                   a
                   live
                   Bird
                   ;
                   if
                   at
                   the
                   crying
                   of
                   the
                   Bird
                   the
                   Hawk
                   seizeth
                   it
                   with
                   her
                   Feet
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   a
                   signe
                   she
                   will
                   feed
                   ;
                   then
                   tear
                   off
                   the
                   Skin
                   and
                   Feathers
                   of
                   the
                   Bird's
                   Breast
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   the
                   Bird
                   to
                   her
                   Beak
                   ,
                   and
                   she
                   will
                   eat
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   she
                   will
                   feed
                   upon
                   your
                   whistle
                   and
                   chirp
                   ,
                   then
                   hood
                   her
                   with
                   a
                   Rufter-hood
                   ,
                   and
                   feed
                   her
                   betimes
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   she
                   hath
                   endewed
                   ,
                   give
                   her
                   a
                   Beaching
                   in
                   the
                   day-time
                   ,
                   and
                   every
                   time
                   you
                   hood
                   her
                   ,
                   give
                   her
                   a
                   bit
                   or
                   two
                   ;
                   at
                   evening
                   give
                   her
                   the
                   Brains
                   of
                   a
                   Hen
                   for
                   her
                   supper
                   :
                   and
                   in
                   every
                   thing
                   else
                   order
                   these
                   Hawks
                   aforesaid
                   ,
                   as
                   you
                   do
                   the
                   Faulcon
                   and
                   the
                   rest
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   mew
                   Sparrow-hawks
                   .
                
                 
                   Some
                   use
                   to
                   put
                   their
                   Sparrow-hawk
                   into
                   the
                   Mew
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   they
                   leave
                   flying
                   her
                   ,
                   cutting
                   off
                   both
                   her
                   Bewets
                   ,
                   Lines
                   ,
                   and
                   knots
                   of
                   her
                   Jesses
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   leave
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   Mew
                   till
                   they
                   are
                   clean
                   mewed
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   will
                   have
                   your
                   Sparrow-hawk
                   to
                   fly
                   at
                   Quail
                   ,
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   or
                   Pheasant-powt
                   ,
                   then
                   you
                   must
                   draw
                   her
                   in
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   April
                   ,
                   and
                   bear
                   her
                   on
                   the
                   Fist
                   till
                   she
                   be
                   clean
                   and
                   throughly
                   enseamed
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Others
                   keep
                   their
                   Sparrow-hawks
                   on
                   the
                   Pearch
                   until
                   March
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   throw
                   them
                   into
                   the
                   Mew
                   ,
                   pepering
                   them
                   for
                   Lice
                   ,
                   if
                   they
                   have
                   any
                   .
                   Her
                   Mew
                   should
                   be
                   a
                   Chamber
                   alost
                   from
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   eight
                   or
                   nine
                   foot
                   long
                   ,
                   and
                   about
                   six
                   foot
                   broad
                   :
                   her
                   Windows
                   and
                   Pearches
                   must
                   be
                   like
                   the
                   Goshawks
                   .
                
                 
                   Her
                   Mew
                   being
                   thus
                   provided
                   ,
                   in
                   May
                   go
                   in
                   to
                   her
                   in
                   an
                   Evening
                   by
                   Candle-light
                   ,
                   and
                   taking
                   her
                   up
                   softly
                   ,
                   pull
                   out
                   all
                   her
                   Train-feathers
                   one
                   after
                   another
                   :
                   this
                   shall
                   make
                   her
                   mew
                   the
                   faster
                   ,
                   especially
                   if
                   you
                   feed
                   her
                   with
                   hot
                   meat
                   and
                   Birds
                   ,
                   observing
                   a
                   certain
                   hour
                   to
                   feed
                   her
                   in
                   .
                
                 
                   Once
                   in
                   fourteen
                   days
                   set
                   water
                   before
                   her
                   in
                   the
                   Mew
                   :
                   if
                   you
                   perceive
                   she
                   hath
                   any
                   Feathers
                   or
                   Down
                   which
                   stand
                   staring
                   upon
                   her
                   Back
                   ,
                   sitting
                   as
                   if
                   she
                   would
                   rouze
                   ,
                   then
                   set
                   her
                   water
                   sooner
                   .
                   If
                   you
                   put
                   water
                   by
                   her
                   continually
                   ,
                   it
                   delays
                   her
                   Mewing
                   ;
                   and
                   to
                   keep
                   it
                   always
                   from
                   her
                   ,
                   causeth
                   her
                   to
                   mew
                   her
                   Feathers
                   uncleanly
                   :
                   but
                   water
                   once
                   in
                   a
                   fortnight
                   is
                   the
                   best
                   Medium
                   for
                   her
                   Mewing
                   between
                   those
                   two
                   extreams
                   .
                
                 
                   Thus
                   having
                   given
                   you
                   a
                   summary
                   account
                   of
                   most
                   Hawks
                   commonly
                   in
                   use
                   in
                   England
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   most
                   parts
                   of
                   Europe
                   ,
                   shewing
                   their
                   Shapes
                   ,
                   Complexions
                   ,
                   Natures
                   ,
                   manner
                   of
                   Manning
                   ,
                   Reclaiming
                   ,
                   Ordering
                   ,
                   Luring
                   ,
                   Flying
                   ,
                   Mewing
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   I
                   shall
                   next
                   give
                   you
                   an
                   account
                   of
                   the
                   several
                   Diseases
                   and
                   Maladies
                   they
                   are
                   subject
                   to
                   ,
                   with
                   their
                   proper
                   Cures
                   and
                   Remedies
                   :
                   but
                   before
                   I
                   shall
                   enter
                   thereon
                   ,
                   give
                   me
                   leave
                   to
                   inform
                   the
                   Ostrager
                   or
                   Faulconer
                   of
                   his
                   necessary
                   duties
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   The
                   Duty
                   of
                   a
                   Faulconer
                   ;
                   with
                   necessary
                   Rules
                   and
                   Observations
                   for
                   him
                   to
                   follow
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Faulconer
                   ought
                   to
                   consult
                   and
                   consider
                   the
                   quality
                   and
                   mettle
                   of
                   his
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   know
                   which
                   of
                   them
                   he
                   shall
                   fly
                   with
                   early
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   which
                   late
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   must
                   be
                   fond
                   of
                   his
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   patient
                   ,
                   and
                   cleanly
                   in
                   keeping
                   her
                   from
                   Lice
                   ,
                   Mites
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   like
                   Vermin
                   .
                   He
                   must
                   rather
                   keep
                   his
                   Hawks
                   high
                   and
                   full
                   of
                   flesh
                   ,
                   than
                   poor
                   and
                   low
                   ,
                   which
                   makes
                   them
                   more
                   subject
                   to
                   infirmities
                   than
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   in
                   very
                   good
                   plight
                   .
                
                 
                   Every
                   night
                   after
                   flying
                   ,
                   he
                   must
                   give
                   his
                   Hawk
                   Casting
                   ,
                   sometimes
                   Plumage
                   ,
                   sometimes
                   Pellets
                   of
                   Cotton
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   Physick
                   ,
                   as
                   he
                   shall
                   find
                   her
                   diseased
                   by
                   her
                   Casting
                   or
                   Mewt
                   .
                
                 
                   Every
                   night
                   he
                   must
                   make
                   the
                   place
                   very
                   clean
                   under
                   her
                   Pearch
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   may
                   know
                   by
                   her
                   Casting
                   whether
                   the
                   Hawk
                   stands
                   in
                   need
                   of
                   Scourings
                   upwards
                   or
                   downwards
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   him
                   remember
                   every
                   Evening
                   to
                   weather
                   his
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   excepting
                   such
                   days
                   wherein
                   she
                   hath
                   bathed
                   ;
                   after
                   which
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   Evening
                   she
                   should
                   be
                   put
                   into
                   a
                   warm
                   Room
                   on
                   a
                   Pearch
                   with
                   a
                   Candle
                   burning
                   by
                   her
                   ,
                   where
                   she
                   must
                   sit
                   unhooded
                   ,
                   if
                   she
                   be
                   not
                   rammage
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   intent
                   she
                   prune
                   and
                   pick
                   her self
                   ,
                   and
                   rejoyce
                   by
                   enoiling
                   her self
                   after
                   bathing
                   :
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   he
                   ought
                   to
                   weather
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   her
                   cast
                   ,
                   if
                   the
                   hath
                   not
                   done
                   it
                   already
                   ,
                   keeping
                   her
                   still
                   hooded
                   till
                   he
                   carry
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   field
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   In
                   feeding
                   his
                   Hawk
                   he
                   must
                   have
                   a
                   care
                   of
                   feeding
                   her
                   with
                   two
                   sorts
                   of
                   meat
                   at
                   one
                   time
                   ;
                   and
                   what
                   he
                   giveth
                   her
                   must
                   be
                   very
                   sweet
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   he
                   have
                   an
                   occasion
                   to
                   go
                   abroad
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   have
                   a
                   care
                   that
                   he
                   pearch
                   not
                   his
                   Hawk
                   too
                   high
                   from
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   for
                   fear
                   of
                   bating
                   and
                   hanging
                   by
                   the
                   Heels
                   ,
                   whereby
                   she
                   may
                   spoil
                   herself
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   ought
                   to
                   carry
                   to
                   the
                   Field
                   with
                   him
                   Mummy
                   in
                   powder
                   ,
                   with
                   other
                   Medicines
                   ;
                   for
                   frequently
                   the
                   Hawk
                   meets
                   with
                   many
                   accidents
                   ,
                   as
                   bruises
                   at
                   encounters
                   ,
                   &c.
                   neither
                   must
                   he
                   forget
                   to
                   carry
                   with
                   him
                   any
                   of
                   his
                   necessary
                   Hawking-implements
                   .
                
                 
                   Lastly
                   ,
                   he
                   must
                   be
                   able
                   to
                   make
                   his
                   Lures
                   ,
                   Hoods
                   of
                   all
                   sorts
                   ,
                   Jesses
                   ,
                   Bewets
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   needful
                   Furniture
                   for
                   his
                   Hawk
                   :
                   neither
                   must
                   he
                   be
                   without
                   his
                   Coping-Irons
                   to
                   cope
                   his
                   Hawk's
                   Beak
                   ,
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   overgrown
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   cope
                   her
                   Pounces
                   and
                   Talons
                   ,
                   as
                   need
                   shall
                   require
                   :
                   neither
                   must
                   he
                   be
                   without
                   his
                   Cauterizing-Irons
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   these
                   Instructions
                   suffice
                   ,
                   I
                   being
                   willing
                   to
                   leave
                   the
                   rest
                   to
                   the
                   care
                   and
                   observation
                   of
                   the
                   ingenious
                   Faulconer
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   Diseases
                   and
                   dangerous
                   Accidents
                   incident
                   to
                   HAWKS
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   several
                   Cures
                   .
                
                 
                   IT
                   is
                   necessary
                   for
                   a
                   skilful
                   Faulconer
                   not
                   onely
                   to
                   know
                   how
                   to
                   Man
                   ,
                   Reclaim
                   ,
                   Keep
                   ,
                   Fly
                   ,
                   Imp
                   ,
                   and
                   Mew
                   his
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   with
                   other
                   things
                   pertinent
                   to
                   that
                   purpose
                   ;
                   but
                   also
                   to
                   know
                   their
                   Diseases
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   proper
                   Cures
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   Accidents
                   frequently
                   
                   befalling
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   both
                   in
                   their
                   Fights
                   and
                   otherways
                   .
                
                 
                   Before
                   we
                   shall
                   characterize
                   their
                   Maladies
                   and
                   prescribe
                   Rules
                   for
                   their
                   Cures
                   ,
                   it
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   irrequisite
                   to
                   tell
                   you
                   that
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   men
                   ,
                   (
                   which
                   seems
                   somewhat
                   strange
                   )
                   have
                   four
                   Complexions
                   ,
                   the
                   true
                   indicators
                   of
                   their
                   natures
                   :
                   and
                   as
                   in
                   man
                   his
                   natural
                   Complection
                   and
                   Constitution
                   is
                   known
                   by
                   his
                   Skin
                   ,
                   so
                   is
                   the
                   Temperament
                   and
                   natural
                   Disposition
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   by
                   her
                   Coat
                   and
                   Plume
                   .
                   This
                   opinion
                   hath
                   not
                   been
                   onely
                   averr'd
                   by
                   the
                   Ancients
                   ,
                   but
                   confirmed
                   by
                   the
                   modern
                   experience
                   of
                   the
                   Skilful
                   in
                   the
                   noble
                   Art
                   of
                   Hawking
                   .
                   Take
                   it
                   in
                   this
                   manner
                   .
                
                 
                   Faulcons
                   that
                   are
                   black
                   are
                   Melancholick
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   to
                   be
                   physicked
                   with
                   hot
                   and
                   moist
                   Medicines
                   ,
                   because
                   their
                   Complexion
                   is
                   cold
                   and
                   dry
                   ;
                   for
                   which
                   purpose
                   Aloes
                   ,
                   Pepper
                   ,
                   Cocks-flesh
                   ,
                   Pigeons
                   ,
                   Sparrows
                   ,
                   Goats-flesh
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   like
                   ,
                   are
                   very
                   good
                   .
                
                 
                   Faulcons
                   blank
                   are
                   Phlegmatick
                   ,
                   and
                   must
                   have
                   Physick
                   hot
                   and
                   dry
                   ,
                   because
                   Phlegm
                   is
                   cold
                   and
                   moist
                   ;
                   to
                   which
                   purpose
                   Cinamon
                   ,
                   Cloves
                   ,
                   Cardamomum
                   ,
                   Goats-flesh
                   ,
                   Choughs
                   ,
                   &c.
                   are
                   very
                   good
                   .
                
                 
                   Faulcons
                   Russet
                   are
                   Sanguine
                   and
                   Chelerick
                   indifferently
                   mix'd
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   Physick
                   must
                   be
                   cold
                   ,
                   moderately
                   moist
                   and
                   dry
                   ,
                   as
                   Myrtles
                   ,
                   Cassia-fistula
                   ,
                   Tamarinds
                   ,
                   Vinegar
                   ,
                   I
                   ambs-flesh
                   ,
                   and
                   Pullets
                   .
                
                 
                   Thus
                   much
                   for
                   the
                   Complexions
                   :
                   Now
                   for
                   the
                   Diseases
                   and
                   their
                   Cures
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   Castings
                   ,
                   and
                   Mewtings
                   ,
                   either
                   good
                   or
                   bad
                   according
                   to
                   their
                   several
                   Complexions
                   and
                   Smells
                   .
                
                 
                   Castings
                   are
                   of
                   two
                   sorts
                   ,
                   Plumage
                   ,
                   or
                   Cotton
                   :
                   the
                   latter
                   is
                   most
                   commonly
                   given
                   in
                   Pellets
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   about
                   the
                   bigness
                   of
                   an
                   Hazie-nut
                   ,
                   made
                   of
                   fine
                   soft
                   
                   white
                   Cotton
                   :
                   after
                   she
                   hath
                   supp'd
                   you
                   must
                   convey
                   this
                   into
                   her
                   Gorge
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   morning
                   diligently
                   observe
                   how
                   she
                   hath
                   rolled
                   and
                   cast
                   it
                   ,
                   whereby
                   you
                   shall
                   know
                   whether
                   she
                   be
                   in
                   a
                   bad
                   or
                   good
                   condition
                   :
                   for
                   example
                   ,
                   if
                   she
                   cast
                   it
                   round
                   ,
                   white
                   ,
                   not
                   stinking
                   ,
                   nor
                   very
                   moist
                   or
                   waterish
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   conclude
                   her
                   sound
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   she
                   roll
                   it
                   not
                   well
                   ,
                   but
                   cast
                   it
                   long
                   ,
                   with
                   properties
                   contrary
                   to
                   the
                   former
                   ,
                   then
                   she
                   is
                   unfound
                   and
                   full
                   of
                   Diseases
                   .
                
                 
                   Besides
                   ,
                   if
                   her
                   Casting
                   be
                   either
                   black
                   green
                   ,
                   yellowish
                   ,
                   slimy
                   ,
                   or
                   stinking
                   ,
                   it
                   denotes
                   your
                   Hawk
                   to
                   be
                   diseased
                   .
                   The
                   former
                   Casting
                   is
                   remedied
                   by
                   hot
                   meats
                   ;
                   the
                   latter
                   by
                   feeding
                   her
                   well
                   ,
                   and
                   washing
                   her
                   meats
                   in
                   cool
                   water
                   ,
                   as
                   of
                   Endive
                   ,
                   &c.
                   and
                   give
                   her
                   one
                   or
                   two
                   Castings
                   of
                   Cotton
                   ,
                   incorporating
                   therewith
                   Incense
                   and
                   Mummy
                   .
                   But
                   if
                   she
                   continue
                   notwithstanding
                   in
                   this
                   condition
                   ,
                   give
                   her
                   an
                   upward
                   Scowring
                   made
                   thus
                   :
                   Take
                   Aloes
                   pulverized
                   one
                   scruple
                   ,
                   powder
                   of
                   Clove
                   four
                   grains
                   ,
                   powder
                   of
                   Cubebs
                   three
                   grains
                   ;
                   incorporate
                   these
                   ,
                   and
                   wrap
                   them
                   in
                   Cotton
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   it
                   your
                   Hawk
                   empty
                   ,
                   having
                   no
                   meat
                   in
                   her
                   Pannel
                   .
                
                 
                   Casting
                   of
                   Plumage
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   observed
                   as
                   the
                   former
                   Casting
                   :
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   if
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   you
                   find
                   them
                   round
                   and
                   not
                   stinking
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   a
                   good
                   signe
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   long
                   ,
                   slimy
                   ,
                   with
                   indigested
                   flesh
                   sticking
                   to
                   the
                   same
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   an
                   ill
                   scent
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   very
                   bad
                   .
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   by
                   how
                   much
                   the
                   more
                   sweet
                   or
                   stinking
                   the
                   Casting
                   is
                   ,
                   by
                   so
                   much
                   is
                   the
                   Hawk
                   in
                   a
                   better
                   or
                   worse
                   condition
                   .
                
                 
                   Mewts
                   must
                   be
                   observed
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   Castings
                   ,
                   in
                   this
                   manner
                   :
                   If
                   the
                   Mewt
                   be
                   white
                   ,
                   not
                   very
                   thick
                   nor
                   clear
                   ,
                   having
                   no
                   black
                   spot
                   in
                   it
                   ,
                   or
                   but
                   very
                   little
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   a
                   signe
                   of
                   the
                   healthy
                   constitution
                   of
                   the
                   Hawk
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   white
                   and
                   very
                   thick
                   in
                   the
                   middle
                   ,
                   though
                   it
                   
                   doth
                   not
                   import
                   sickness
                   ,
                   yet
                   it
                   sheweth
                   her
                   to
                   be
                   too
                   gross
                   and
                   over-full
                   of
                   Grease
                   ;
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   remedy
                   by
                   giving
                   her
                   moist
                   meats
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Heart
                   of
                   a
                   Calf
                   or
                   Lamb
                   ,
                   &c.
                   and
                   for
                   two
                   mornings
                   after
                   give
                   her
                   some
                   Sugar-candy
                   ,
                   or
                   else
                   the
                   Gut
                   of
                   a
                   Chicken
                   well
                   washt
                   and
                   fill'd
                   with
                   Oyl-Olive
                   :
                   either
                   of
                   these
                   will
                   scour
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   her
                   to
                   slise
                   freely
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   a
                   very
                   bad
                   and
                   mortal
                   signe
                   ,
                   to
                   see
                   your
                   Hawk's
                   Mewt
                   full
                   of
                   variety
                   of
                   colours
                   :
                   therefore
                   you
                   must
                   speedily
                   prevent
                   ensuing
                   mischiefs
                   by
                   giving
                   her
                   Mummy
                   purified
                   and
                   beaten
                   to
                   powder
                   ,
                   wrapping
                   it
                   in
                   Cotton
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   the
                   Mewt
                   be
                   more
                   yellow
                   then
                   white
                   ,
                   then
                   doth
                   she
                   abound
                   with
                   Choler
                   proceeding
                   from
                   great
                   Flights
                   in
                   hot
                   weather
                   ,
                   also
                   from
                   much
                   Bating
                   .
                   This
                   is
                   remedied
                   by
                   washing
                   her
                   meat
                   in
                   Bugloss
                   ,
                   Endive
                   ,
                   Borage
                   ,
                   and
                   such-like
                   cold
                   Waters
                   ,
                   wringing
                   the
                   said
                   meat
                   after
                   you
                   have
                   so
                   washed
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   black
                   Mewt
                   is
                   a
                   most
                   deadly
                   signe
                   ,
                   and
                   if
                   it
                   continue
                   four
                   days
                   she
                   will
                   peck
                   over
                   the
                   Pearch
                   and
                   die
                   .
                   If
                   she
                   mewt
                   so
                   but
                   once
                   ,
                   there
                   is
                   no
                   great
                   danger
                   ,
                   for
                   it
                   proceeds
                   either
                   from
                   the
                   Blood
                   or
                   Guts
                   of
                   the
                   Fowl
                   in
                   tiring
                   ,
                   or
                   else-from
                   being
                   gorged
                   with
                   filthy
                   meats
                   :
                   in
                   this
                   case
                   give
                   her
                   good
                   warm
                   meat
                   and
                   Cotton-casting
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   powder
                   of
                   Gloves
                   ,
                   Nutmeg
                   ,
                   and
                   Ginger
                   ,
                   or
                   Mummy
                   alone
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   the
                   Mewt
                   be
                   green
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   a
                   bad
                   signe
                   ,
                   and
                   denotes
                   her
                   troubled
                   with
                   an
                   infected
                   and
                   corrupt
                   Liver
                   ,
                   or
                   with
                   some
                   Apostume
                   ,
                   unless
                   she
                   be
                   a
                   Rammage
                   -
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   that
                   signe
                   holds
                   not
                   good
                   .
                   Her
                   cure
                   is
                   ,
                   by
                   feeding
                   her
                   with
                   meat
                   powdered
                   with
                   Mummy
                   ;
                   if
                   she
                   will
                   not
                   take
                   it
                   with
                   her
                   Food
                   ,
                   then
                   give
                   it
                   her
                   in
                   a
                   Scowring
                   or
                   Casting
                   :
                   but
                   if
                   this
                   ill-colour'd
                   Mewting
                   continue
                   still
                   ,
                   then
                   give
                   her
                   a
                   Scowring
                   of
                   Agarick
                   ,
                   and
                   after
                   that
                   another
                   of
                   Incense
                   pulverized
                   to
                   comfort
                   her
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   The
                   dark
                   sanguine
                   Mewt
                   with
                   a
                   black
                   in
                   it
                   is
                   the
                   most
                   deadly
                   signe
                   of
                   all
                   ,
                   and
                   differs
                   but
                   little
                   ,
                   if
                   any
                   thing
                   ,
                   from
                   the
                   former
                   black
                   Mewt
                   .
                   A
                   Hawk
                   mewting
                   after
                   this
                   manner
                   is
                   irrecoverable
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   it
                   is
                   needless
                   to
                   prescribe
                   a
                   Cure.
                   
                
                 
                   Lastly
                   ,
                   the
                   gray
                   Mewt
                   like
                   sour
                   Milk
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   mortal
                   token
                   ,
                   yet
                   curable
                   ,
                   as
                   shall
                   be
                   shewn
                   hereafter
                   .
                
                 
                   Thus
                   you
                   see
                   how
                   requisite
                   it
                   is
                   for
                   a
                   Faulconer
                   to
                   observe
                   diligently
                   every
                   morning
                   his
                   Hawk's
                   Castings
                   and
                   Mewtings
                   ,
                   that
                   knowing
                   thereby
                   their
                   Maladies
                   ,
                   he
                   may
                   timely
                   finde
                   out
                   their
                   Remedies
                   .
                   Let
                   us
                   now
                   proceed
                   to
                   their
                   particular
                   Diseases
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Cataract
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Cataract
                   in
                   the
                   Eyes
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   malady
                   not
                   easily
                   removed
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   incurable
                   ,
                   when
                   it
                   is
                   too
                   thick
                   and
                   of
                   a
                   long
                   continuance
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   proceedeth
                   from
                   gross
                   Humours
                   in
                   the
                   Head
                   ,
                   which
                   frequently
                   do
                   not
                   onely
                   dim
                   ,
                   but
                   extinguish
                   the
                   sight
                   :
                   and
                   sometimes
                   the
                   Hood
                   is
                   the
                   cause
                   of
                   this
                   mischief
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   cure
                   must
                   be
                   effected
                   by
                   Scowring
                   her
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   days
                   with
                   Aloes
                   or
                   Agarick
                   :
                   then
                   take
                   the
                   powder
                   of
                   washt
                   Aloes
                   finely
                   beaten
                   one
                   scruple
                   ,
                   and
                   two
                   scruples
                   of
                   Sugar-candy
                   ;
                   mingle
                   these
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   a
                   Quill
                   blow
                   it
                   into
                   your
                   Hawk's
                   Eye
                   afflicted
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   times
                   a
                   day
                   .
                   This
                   is
                   the
                   gentlest
                   and
                   most
                   Soveraign
                   Medicine
                   of
                   any
                   yet
                   I
                   have
                   tried
                   .
                   But
                   if
                   this
                   will
                   not
                   do
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   use
                   stronger
                   Medicines
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   juice
                   of
                   Celandine-roots
                   ,
                   bathing
                   their
                   eyes
                   often
                   with
                   warm
                   Rose-water
                   wherein
                   hath
                   been
                   boil'd
                   the
                   seeds
                   of
                   Fenugreek
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Pantas
                   or
                   Asthma
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Pantas
                   is
                   a
                   dangerous
                   Distemper
                   ,
                   and
                   few
                   Hawks
                   escape
                   which
                   are
                   afflicted
                   therewith
                   .
                   It
                   happens
                   when
                   the
                   Lungs
                   are
                   as
                   it
                   were
                   so
                   baked
                   by
                   excessive
                   heat
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Hawk
                   cannot
                   draw
                   her
                   breath
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   drawn
                   ,
                   cannot
                   well
                   emit
                   it
                   again
                   .
                   You
                   may
                   judge
                   of
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   this
                   Distemper
                   by
                   the
                   Hawk's
                   labouring
                   much
                   in
                   the
                   Pannel
                   ,
                   moving
                   her
                   Train
                   often
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   at
                   each
                   motion
                   of
                   her
                   Pannel
                   ;
                   and
                   she
                   cannot
                   many
                   times
                   mewt
                   or
                   slise
                   ;
                   or
                   if
                   she
                   do
                   ,
                   she
                   drops
                   it
                   fast
                   by
                   her
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   known
                   likewise
                   by
                   your
                   Hawk's
                   frequent
                   opening
                   her
                   Clap
                   and
                   Beak
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   best
                   Remedy
                   is
                   ,
                   to
                   scour
                   your
                   Hawk
                   with
                   good
                   Oyl-Olive
                   well
                   washed
                   in
                   several
                   Waters
                   till
                   it
                   become
                   clear
                   and
                   white
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   do
                   after
                   this
                   manner
                   :
                   Take
                   an
                   earthen
                   Pot
                   with
                   a
                   small
                   hole
                   in
                   the
                   bottom
                   thereof
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   stop
                   with
                   your
                   Finger
                   ;
                   then
                   pour
                   therein
                   your
                   Oyl
                   with
                   a
                   quantity
                   of
                   Water
                   ,
                   and
                   coil
                   these
                   together
                   with
                   a
                   Spoon
                   till
                   the
                   Water
                   grow
                   darkish
                   ;
                   after
                   which
                   remove
                   your
                   Finger
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Water
                   will
                   run
                   out
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   Oyl
                   remain
                   behind
                   floating
                   on
                   the
                   top
                   ;
                   thus
                   do
                   seven
                   or
                   eight
                   times
                   ,
                   till
                   you
                   have
                   throughly
                   purified
                   the
                   Oyl
                   :
                   Then
                   take
                   a
                   Sheep's
                   Gut
                   above
                   an
                   Inch
                   long
                   for
                   a
                   Faulcon
                   and
                   Goshawk
                   ,
                   but
                   of
                   less
                   length
                   for
                   lesser
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   and
                   fill
                   it
                   with
                   this
                   Oyl
                   ,
                   and
                   fasten
                   it
                   with
                   Thread
                   at
                   both
                   ends
                   .
                   Your
                   Hawk
                   having
                   first
                   cast
                   ,
                   convey
                   this
                   Gut
                   into
                   her
                   Throat
                   ,
                   holding
                   her
                   on
                   the
                   Fist
                   till
                   she
                   make
                   a
                   Mewt
                   ;
                   an
                   hour
                   after
                   she
                   hath
                   done
                   mewting
                   feed
                   her
                   with
                   a
                   Calf's
                   Heart
                   or
                   a
                   Pullet's
                   Leg
                   ,
                   giving
                   her
                   every
                   third
                   or
                   fourth
                   day
                   a
                   Cotton
                   casting
                   with
                   Cubebs
                   and
                   Cloves
                   .
                   I
                   shall
                   onely
                   adde
                   one
                   Receipt
                   more
                   for
                   the
                   Pantas
                   or
                   Asthma
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   is
                   the
                   Oyl
                   of
                   sweet
                   Almonds
                   poured
                   into
                   a
                   washt
                   Chicken
                   's
                   Gut
                   ,
                   and
                   given
                   
                   the
                   Hawk
                   ;
                   which
                   is
                   of
                   great
                   efficacy
                   in
                   the
                   cure
                   of
                   this
                   Disease
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   Worms
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   a
                   sort
                   of
                   Worms
                   an
                   Inch
                   long
                   ,
                   which
                   frequently
                   afflict
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   proceeding
                   from
                   gross
                   and
                   viscous
                   Humours
                   in
                   the
                   Bowels
                   ,
                   occasioned
                   through
                   want
                   of
                   natural
                   heat
                   and
                   ill
                   digestion
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   may
                   know
                   when
                   she
                   is
                   troubled
                   with
                   them
                   by
                   her
                   casting
                   her
                   Gorge
                   ,
                   her
                   stinking
                   Breath
                   ,
                   her
                   trembling
                   and
                   writhing
                   her
                   Train
                   ,
                   her
                   croaking
                   in
                   the
                   night
                   ,
                   her
                   offering
                   with
                   her
                   Beak
                   at
                   her
                   Breast
                   or
                   Pannel
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   her
                   Mewt
                   being
                   small
                   and
                   unclean
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   may
                   cure
                   her
                   of
                   them
                   with
                   a
                   Scowring
                   of
                   washt
                   Aloes
                   ,
                   Hepatick
                   ,
                   Mustard-seed
                   ,
                   and
                   Agarick
                   ,
                   of
                   each
                   an
                   equal
                   quantity
                   ;
                   or
                   the
                   powder
                   of
                   Harts-horn
                   dried
                   ;
                   or
                   lastly
                   ,
                   a
                   Scowring
                   of
                   white
                   Dittander
                   ,
                   Aloes
                   ,
                   Hepatick
                   washt
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   times
                   ,
                   Cubebs
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   little
                   Saffron
                   wrapt
                   in
                   some
                   flesh
                   ,
                   to
                   cause
                   her
                   to
                   take
                   it
                   the
                   better
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Filanders
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   several
                   sorts
                   of
                   Filanders
                   ,
                   but
                   I
                   shall
                   speak
                   but
                   of
                   one
                   sticking
                   to
                   the
                   Reins
                   .
                   They
                   are
                   Worms
                   as
                   small
                   as
                   a
                   Thread
                   ,
                   and
                   about
                   an
                   Inch
                   long
                   ,
                   and
                   lie
                   wrapt
                   up
                   in
                   a
                   thin
                   Skin
                   or
                   Net
                   near
                   the
                   Reins
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   apart
                   from
                   either
                   Gut
                   or
                   Gorge
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   shall
                   know
                   when
                   your
                   Hawk
                   is
                   troubled
                   with
                   them
                   ,
                   by
                   her
                   poverty
                   ,
                   by
                   ruffling
                   her
                   Train
                   ,
                   by
                   straining
                   the
                   Fist
                   or
                   Pearch
                   with
                   her
                   Pounces
                   ,
                   and
                   lastly
                   ,
                   by
                   croaking
                   in
                   the
                   night
                   when
                   the
                   Filanders
                   prick
                   her
                   .
                   You
                   must
                   remedy
                   this
                   Malady
                   betimes
                   ,
                   before
                   these
                   Worms
                   have
                   enlarged
                   themselves
                   from
                   their
                   proper
                   station
                   ,
                   roving
                   elsewhere
                   to
                   your
                   Hawk's
                   ruine
                   and
                   destruction
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   You
                   must
                   not
                   kill
                   them
                   as
                   other
                   Worms
                   ,
                   for
                   fear
                   of
                   Impostumes
                   from
                   their
                   corruption
                   ,
                   being
                   incapable
                   to
                   pass
                   away
                   with
                   the
                   Hawk's
                   Mewt
                   ;
                   but
                   onely
                   stupifie
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   may
                   be
                   offensive
                   but
                   seldom
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   is
                   done
                   thus
                   :
                   Take
                   a
                   head
                   of
                   Garlick
                   ,
                   taking
                   away
                   the
                   outmost
                   rinde
                   ;
                   then
                   with
                   a
                   Bodkin
                   heated
                   in
                   the
                   fire
                   ,
                   make
                   holes
                   in
                   some
                   Cloves
                   ,
                   then
                   steep
                   them
                   in
                   Oyl
                   three
                   days
                   ,
                   and
                   after
                   this
                   give
                   her
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Cloves
                   down
                   her
                   Throat
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   forty
                   days
                   after
                   she
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   troubled
                   with
                   the
                   Filanders
                   .
                   Wherefore
                   a
                   Faulconer
                   will
                   shew
                   himself
                   prudent
                   ,
                   if
                   ,
                   seeing
                   his
                   Hawk
                   low
                   and
                   poor
                   ,
                   he
                   give
                   her
                   once
                   a
                   month
                   a
                   Clove
                   of
                   this
                   Garlick
                   for
                   prevention
                   of
                   the
                   Filanders
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Another
                   approved
                   Medicine
                   for
                   Filanders
                   or
                   Worms
                   in
                   Hawks
                   .
                
                 
                   Take
                   half
                   a
                   dozen
                   Cloves
                   of
                   Garlick
                   ,
                   boil
                   them
                   in
                   Milk
                   until
                   they
                   are
                   very
                   tender
                   ,
                   then
                   take
                   them
                   out
                   and
                   dry
                   the
                   Milk
                   out
                   of
                   them
                   ;
                   then
                   put
                   them
                   into
                   a
                   spoonful
                   of
                   the
                   best
                   Oyl
                   of
                   Olives
                   you
                   can
                   get
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   she
                   hath
                   cast
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   give
                   these
                   to
                   your
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   feed
                   her
                   not
                   in
                   two
                   hours
                   after
                   ,
                   and
                   be
                   sure
                   it
                   be
                   warm
                   meat
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   much
                   ,
                   and
                   keep
                   her
                   warm
                   that
                   day
                   for
                   fear
                   of
                   taking
                   cold
                   ;
                   give
                   her
                   the
                   Oyl
                   with
                   the
                   Garlick
                   :
                   they
                   must
                   steep
                   all
                   night
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   Hawks
                   Lice
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   Lice
                   do
                   most
                   infest
                   the
                   Head
                   ,
                   the
                   Ply
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk's
                   Wings
                   ,
                   and
                   her
                   Train
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   winter
                   you
                   may
                   kill
                   them
                   thus
                   :
                   Take
                   two
                   drams
                   of
                   Pepper
                   beaten
                   to
                   powder
                   ,
                   and
                   mingle
                   it
                   with
                   warm
                   Water
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   this
                   Lotion
                   wash
                   the
                   places
                   infested
                   with
                   these
                   Lice
                   or
                   Mites
                   :
                   then
                   set
                   your
                   Hawk
                   on
                   a
                   Pearch
                   with
                   
                   her
                   Back
                   and
                   Train
                   against
                   the
                   Sun
                   ;
                   then
                   hold
                   in
                   your
                   hand
                   a
                   small
                   Stick
                   about
                   a
                   handful
                   long
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   piece
                   of
                   soft
                   Wax
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   that
                   (
                   whilst
                   the
                   Hawk
                   is
                   weathering
                   her self
                   )
                   take
                   away
                   those
                   Vermin
                   crawling
                   upon
                   the
                   Feathers
                   .
                   You
                   may
                   do
                   well
                   to
                   adde
                   to
                   the
                   Pepper
                   and
                   Water
                   some
                   Staves-acre
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   Summer-time
                   you
                   may
                   kill
                   the
                   Lice
                   with
                   Auripigmentum
                   beaten
                   to
                   powder
                   ,
                   and
                   strowed
                   on
                   the
                   places
                   where
                   they
                   lie
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   A
                   safe
                   and
                   easie
                   way
                   to
                   kill
                   Lice
                   in
                   Hawks
                   .
                
                 
                   Mail
                   your
                   Hawk
                   in
                   a
                   piece
                   of
                   Cotton
                   ,
                   if
                   not
                   in
                   some
                   Woollen-Cloath
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   between
                   the
                   Head
                   and
                   her
                   Hood
                   a
                   little
                   Wooll
                   or
                   Cotton
                   :
                   then
                   take
                   a
                   Pipe
                   of
                   Tobacco
                   ,
                   and
                   ,
                   putting
                   the
                   little
                   end
                   in
                   at
                   the
                   Tream
                   ,
                   blow
                   the
                   Smoak
                   ,
                   and
                   what
                   Lice
                   escape
                   killing
                   ,
                   will
                   creep
                   into
                   the
                   Cloath
                   .
                   This
                   is
                   a
                   certain
                   way
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   keep
                   and
                   maintain
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   Hawks
                   in
                   health
                   ,
                   good
                   plight
                   ,
                   and
                   liking
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   first
                   place
                   ,
                   never
                   give
                   them
                   a
                   great
                   Gorge
                   ,
                   especially
                   of
                   gross
                   meats
                   ,
                   as
                   Beef
                   ,
                   Pork
                   ,
                   and
                   such
                   as
                   are
                   hard
                   to
                   be
                   endewed
                   and
                   put
                   over
                   .
                
                 
                   Secondly
                   ,
                   never
                   feed
                   them
                   with
                   the
                   flesh
                   of
                   any
                   Beast
                   that
                   hath
                   lately
                   gone
                   to
                   Rut
                   ;
                   for
                   that
                   will
                   insensibly
                   destroy
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   Thirdly
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   are
                   constrained
                   to
                   give
                   your
                   Hawk
                   gross
                   food
                   ,
                   let
                   it
                   be
                   well
                   soaked
                   first
                   in
                   clean
                   Water
                   ,
                   and
                   afterwards
                   sufficiently
                   wrung
                   ;
                   in
                   Summer
                   with
                   cold
                   Water
                   ,
                   in
                   Winter
                   with
                   luke-warm
                   Water
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Ever
                   observe
                   to
                   reward
                   your
                   Hawks
                   with
                   some
                   good
                   live
                   meat
                   ,
                   or
                   else
                   they
                   will
                   be
                   brought
                   too
                   low
                   :
                   however
                   ,
                   the
                   serving
                   them
                   with
                   washt
                   meats
                   is
                   the
                   way
                   to
                   keep
                   them
                   in
                   health
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   shall
                   conclude
                   how
                   to
                   keep
                   Hawks
                   in
                   perfect
                   health
                   with
                   this
                   most
                   excellent
                   Receipt
                   .
                   Take
                   Germander
                   ,
                   Pelamountain
                   ,
                   Basil
                   ,
                   Grummel-seed
                   ,
                   and
                   Broom-flowers
                   ,
                   of
                   each
                   half
                   an
                   ounce
                   ;
                   Hyssop
                   ,
                   Sassifras
                   ,
                   Polypodium
                   ,
                   and
                   Horse-mints
                   ,
                   of
                   each
                   a
                   quarter
                   of
                   an
                   ounce
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   like
                   of
                   Nutmegs
                   ;
                   Cubebs
                   ,
                   Borage
                   ,
                   Mummy
                   ,
                   Mugwort
                   ,
                   Sage
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   four
                   kinds
                   of
                   Mirobolans
                   ,
                   of
                   each
                   half
                   an
                   ounce
                   ;
                   of
                   Aloes
                   Succotrine
                   the
                   fifth
                   part
                   of
                   an
                   ounce
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Saffron
                   one
                   whole
                   ounce
                   .
                   All
                   these
                   you
                   must
                   pulverize
                   ,
                   and
                   every
                   eighth
                   or
                   twelfth
                   day
                   give
                   your
                   Hawks
                   the
                   quantity
                   of
                   a
                   Bean
                   thereof
                   with
                   their
                   meat
                   .
                   If
                   they
                   will
                   not
                   take
                   it
                   so
                   ,
                   put
                   it
                   into
                   a
                   Hens
                   Gut
                   tied
                   at
                   both
                   ends
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   him
                   stand
                   empty
                   an
                   hour
                   after
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Formica
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   is
                   a
                   Distemper
                   which
                   commonly
                   seizeth
                   on
                   the
                   Horn
                   of
                   Hawks
                   Beaks
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   eat
                   the
                   Beak
                   away
                   :
                   and
                   this
                   is
                   occasioned
                   by
                   a
                   Worm
                   ,
                   as
                   most
                   men
                   are
                   of
                   opinion
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   may
                   perceive
                   it
                   by
                   this
                   ;
                   the
                   Beak
                   will
                   grow
                   rugged
                   ,
                   and
                   it
                   will
                   begin
                   to
                   separate
                   from
                   the
                   Head.
                   
                
                 
                   To
                   remedy
                   this
                   Malady
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   take
                   the
                   Gall
                   of
                   a
                   Bull
                   ,
                   and
                   break
                   it
                   into
                   a
                   Dish
                   ,
                   and
                   adde
                   thereto
                   the
                   powder
                   of
                   Aloes-Succatrine
                   :
                   mingle
                   these
                   well
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   anoint
                   the
                   Clap
                   or
                   Beak
                   of
                   your
                   Hawk
                   therewith
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   very
                   place
                   where
                   the
                   Formica
                   grows
                   ,
                   twice
                   a
                   day
                   ;
                   but
                   touch
                   not
                   her
                   Eyes
                   or
                   Nares
                   :
                   continue
                   thus
                   doing
                   till
                   your
                   Hawk
                   be
                   perfectly
                   cured
                   ,
                   and
                   bathe
                   her
                   with
                   Orpiment
                   and
                   Pepper
                   to
                   keep
                   her
                   from
                   other
                   Vermin
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Frownce
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Frownce
                   proceedeth
                   from
                   moist
                   and
                   cold
                   Humours
                   which
                   descend
                   from
                   the
                   Hawk's
                   Head
                   to
                   the
                   Palate
                   and
                   root
                   of
                   the
                   Tongue
                   ,
                   by
                   means
                   whereof
                   they
                   lose
                   their
                   appetite
                   ,
                   and
                   cannot
                   close
                   their
                   Clap.
                   This
                   by
                   some
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   Eagles-bane
                   ;
                   for
                   she
                   seldom
                   dieth
                   of
                   age
                   ,
                   but
                   of
                   the
                   over-growing
                   of
                   her
                   Beak
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   may
                   know
                   if
                   your
                   Hawk
                   be
                   troubled
                   with
                   this
                   Distemper
                   ,
                   by
                   opening
                   her
                   Beak
                   ,
                   and
                   seeing
                   whether
                   her
                   Tongue
                   be
                   swoln
                   or
                   no
                   :
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   ,
                   she
                   hath
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   several
                   ways
                   to
                   cure
                   this
                   Distemper
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   best
                   that
                   ever
                   yet
                   I
                   could
                   find
                   for
                   it
                   ,
                   is
                   ,
                   onely
                   to
                   take
                   the
                   powder
                   of
                   Alume
                   reduced
                   to
                   a
                   Salve
                   with
                   strong
                   wine-vinegar
                   ,
                   and
                   wash
                   the
                   Hawk's
                   Mouth
                   therewith
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   To
                   cure
                   the
                   dry
                   Frownce
                   .
                
                 
                   Take
                   a
                   Quill
                   and
                   cut
                   it
                   in
                   the
                   shape
                   of
                   a
                   Pen
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   the
                   other
                   end
                   tie
                   a
                   fine
                   little
                   Rag
                   ;
                   with
                   one
                   end
                   scrape
                   off
                   the
                   white
                   Skin
                   which
                   you
                   will
                   see
                   in
                   the
                   Mouth
                   or
                   Throat
                   of
                   your
                   Hawk
                   until
                   it
                   bleedeth
                   :
                   then
                   with
                   the
                   other
                   end
                   wash
                   it
                   with
                   the
                   juice
                   of
                   Lemon
                   or
                   White-wine-Vinegar
                   very
                   clean
                   ;
                   then
                   take
                   a
                   little
                   burnt
                   Alume
                   ,
                   and
                   some
                   of
                   a
                   Shoe-soal
                   burnt
                   upon
                   Wood-coals
                   and
                   beaten
                   to
                   powder
                   ;
                   mix
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   lay
                   them
                   on
                   the
                   place
                   or
                   places
                   ;
                   but
                   let
                   your
                   Hawk
                   have
                   no
                   meat
                   above
                   ,
                   nor
                   be
                   ready
                   to
                   be
                   fed
                   :
                   by
                   this
                   I
                   have
                   cured
                   many
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Pip.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   Pip
                   frequently
                   troubleth
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   as
                   it
                   doth
                   Chickens
                   ,
                   and
                   proceedeth
                   from
                   cold
                   and
                   moistness
                   of
                   
                   the
                   Head
                   ,
                   or
                   from
                   feeding
                   on
                   gross
                   meat
                   not
                   well
                   washt
                   in
                   warm
                   Water
                   in
                   the
                   Winter
                   ,
                   and
                   cold
                   Water
                   in
                   the
                   Summer
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Symptoms
                   of
                   this
                   Distemper
                   are
                   the
                   Hawk's
                   frequent
                   Sniting
                   ,
                   and
                   making
                   a
                   noise
                   twice
                   or
                   thrice
                   in
                   her
                   Sniting
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   the
                   Cure
                   hereof
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   cast
                   your
                   Hawk
                   gently
                   ,
                   and
                   look
                   upon
                   the
                   tip
                   of
                   her
                   Tongue
                   ,
                   and
                   if
                   you
                   find
                   the
                   Pip
                   there
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   scour
                   her
                   with
                   a
                   Pill
                   made
                   of
                   Agarick
                   and
                   
                     Hiera
                     picra
                  
                   given
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   days
                   together
                   with
                   her
                   Casting
                   at
                   night
                   ;
                   this
                   will
                   cleanse
                   her
                   Head
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   sooner
                   if
                   she
                   be
                   made
                   to
                   tire
                   against
                   the
                   Sun
                   in
                   the
                   Morning
                   :
                   Then
                   bind
                   a
                   little
                   Cotton
                   to
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   a
                   Stick
                   ,
                   and
                   dipping
                   it
                   in
                   good
                   Rose-water
                   wash
                   her
                   Tongue
                   therewith
                   :
                   after
                   this
                   anoint
                   it
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   days
                   with
                   Oyl
                   of
                   sweet
                   Almonds
                   and
                   Oyl-olive
                   well
                   washed
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   .
                   Having
                   so
                   done
                   ,
                   you
                   will
                   find
                   the
                   Pip
                   all
                   white
                   and
                   soft
                   :
                   then
                   take
                   an
                   Awl
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   the
                   point
                   thereof
                   lift
                   up
                   the
                   Pip
                   softly
                   ,
                   and
                   remove
                   it
                   ,
                   as
                   Women
                   pip
                   ther
                   Chickens
                   ,
                   but
                   remove
                   it
                   not
                   till
                   it
                   be
                   throughly
                   ripe
                   ;
                   and
                   wet
                   her
                   Tongue
                   and
                   Palate
                   twice
                   or
                   thrice
                   a
                   day
                   with
                   the
                   aforesaid
                   Oyl
                   ,
                   till
                   she
                   be
                   throughly
                   cured
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   remedy
                   that
                   Hawk
                   which
                   Endeweth
                   not
                   ,
                   nor
                   Putteth
                   over
                   as
                   she
                   should
                   do
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   happens
                   either
                   by
                   being
                   foul
                   within
                   ,
                   or
                   by
                   a
                   Surfeit
                   ;
                   or
                   else
                   when
                   she
                   was
                   low
                   and
                   poor
                   her
                   Keeper
                   over-gorged
                   her
                   ,
                   by
                   being
                   too
                   hasty
                   to
                   set
                   her
                   up
                   ,
                   and
                   she
                   being
                   weak
                   was
                   not
                   able
                   to
                   put
                   over
                   and
                   endew
                   ,
                   and
                   surfeited
                   thereupon
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Cure
                   whereof
                   is
                   this
                   :
                   You
                   must
                   feed
                   her
                   with
                   light
                   meats
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   little
                   at
                   once
                   ,
                   as
                   with
                   young
                   Rats
                   and
                   
                   and
                   Mice
                   ,
                   Chickens
                   or
                   Mutton
                   dipt
                   in
                   Goats-milk
                   or
                   otherwise
                   ;
                   or
                   give
                   her
                   a
                   quarter
                   of
                   a
                   Gorge
                   of
                   the
                   yolk
                   of
                   an
                   Egg.
                   
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   feed
                   her
                   with
                   the
                   flesh
                   of
                   any
                   living
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   first
                   steep
                   it
                   well
                   in
                   the
                   blood
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   Fowl
                   so
                   shall
                   your
                   Hawk
                   mount
                   her
                   flesh
                   apace
                   ;
                   if
                   you
                   also
                   scour
                   her
                   with
                   Pills
                   made
                   of
                   Lard
                   ,
                   Marrow
                   of
                   Beef
                   ,
                   Sugar
                   and
                   Saffron
                   mixed
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   given
                   her
                   three
                   mornings
                   together
                   ,
                   giving
                   her
                   also
                   a
                   reasonable
                   Gorge
                   two
                   hours
                   after
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Hawk
                   feed
                   eagerly
                   that
                   hath
                   lost
                   her
                   Appetite
                   ,
                   without
                   bringing
                   her
                   low
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Hawk
                   may
                   lose
                   her
                   Appetite
                   by
                   taking
                   too
                   great
                   Gorges
                   in
                   the
                   Evening
                   ,
                   which
                   she
                   cannot
                   well
                   endew
                   ;
                   or
                   by
                   being
                   foul
                   in
                   the
                   Pannel
                   ;
                   or
                   sometimes
                   by
                   Colds
                   .
                
                 
                   To
                   remedy
                   which
                   ,
                   take
                   Aloes
                   Succotrina
                   ,
                   boil'd
                   Sugar
                   ,
                   and
                   Beef
                   marrow
                   ,
                   of
                   each
                   alike
                   ,
                   onely
                   less
                   of
                   the
                   Aloes
                   ;
                   incorporate
                   these
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   them
                   into
                   Balls
                   or
                   Pills
                   as
                   big
                   as
                   Beans
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   of
                   them
                   to
                   your
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   and
                   hold
                   her
                   in
                   the
                   Sun
                   till
                   she
                   hath
                   cast
                   up
                   the
                   filth
                   and
                   slime
                   within
                   her
                   ;
                   then
                   feed
                   her
                   not
                   till
                   noon
                   ,
                   at
                   which
                   time
                   give
                   her
                   good
                   meat
                   ;
                   and
                   three
                   days
                   after
                   for
                   the
                   same
                   Disease
                   it
                   is
                   good
                   tiring
                   on
                   Stock-doves
                   ,
                   small
                   Birds
                   ,
                   Rats
                   or
                   Mice
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   raise
                   a
                   Hawk
                   that
                   is
                   low
                   and
                   poor
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Poverty
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   happens
                   several
                   ways
                   :
                   either
                   by
                   the
                   ignorance
                   of
                   the
                   Faulconer
                   of
                   some
                   latent
                   lurking
                   Distemper
                   ;
                   or
                   by
                   her
                   soaring
                   away
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   being
                   lost
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   days
                   ,
                   in
                   which
                   time
                   ,
                   finding
                   little
                   or
                   no
                   Prey
                   ,
                   she
                   becomes
                   poor
                   and
                   lean
                   .
                
                 
                   To
                   set
                   her
                   up
                   you
                   must
                   feed
                   her
                   ,
                   a
                   little
                   at
                   once
                   ,
                   and
                   often
                   ,
                   with
                   good
                   meat
                   and
                   of
                   light
                   digestion
                   ,
                   as
                   small
                   
                   Birds
                   ,
                   Rats
                   ,
                   Mice
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   Or
                   thus
                   :
                   take
                   two
                   spoonfuls
                   of
                   Honey
                   ,
                   four
                   of
                   fresh
                   Butter
                   ,
                   and
                   boil
                   them
                   together
                   in
                   a
                   new
                   earthen
                   pot
                   of
                   Water
                   ;
                   then
                   take
                   Pork
                   well
                   washed
                   ,
                   and
                   steep
                   it
                   in
                   that
                   Water
                   ,
                   giving
                   your
                   Hawk
                   a
                   reasonable
                   Gorge
                   thereof
                   twice
                   a
                   day
                   ,
                   warming
                   the
                   said
                   Water
                   when
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   feed
                   your
                   Hawk
                   ;
                   and
                   get
                   some
                   Snails
                   that
                   breed
                   in
                   running
                   Waters
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   them
                   her
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   will
                   not
                   onely
                   scour
                   away
                   the
                   gross
                   slimy
                   humours
                   which
                   are
                   within
                   ,
                   but
                   also
                   nourish
                   her
                   exceedingly
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   remedy
                   a
                   Hawk
                   that
                   is
                   slothful
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   averse
                   to
                   flying
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Hawk
                   frequently
                   hath
                   no
                   minde
                   to
                   fly
                   ,
                   either
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   her
                   ill
                   keeping
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   is
                   kept
                   by
                   those
                   who
                   know
                   not
                   how
                   to
                   give
                   her
                   her
                   Rights
                   ,
                   as
                   bouzing
                   ,
                   bathing
                   ,
                   &c.
                   or
                   because
                   the
                   Hawk
                   is
                   too
                   high
                   and
                   full
                   of
                   grease
                   ,
                   or
                   too
                   poor
                   and
                   low
                   :
                   by
                   the
                   first
                   she
                   becomes
                   proud
                   and
                   coy
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   the
                   latter
                   so
                   weak
                   that
                   she
                   wants
                   strength
                   and
                   spirit
                   to
                   perform
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   the
                   curing
                   of
                   which
                   Distemper
                   ,
                   she
                   ought
                   to
                   be
                   thoroughly
                   view'd
                   by
                   some
                   skilful
                   Faulconer
                   ,
                   by
                   whom
                   such
                   Remedies
                   should
                   be
                   administred
                   to
                   her
                   as
                   are
                   needful
                   for
                   her
                   :
                   but
                   above
                   all
                   ,
                   there
                   is
                   nothing
                   like
                   giving
                   her
                   in
                   a
                   morning
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   Pills
                   of
                   Celandine
                   well
                   washt
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   Swoln
                   Feet
                   in
                   a
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                   Hawks
                   have
                   Swelling
                   in
                   their
                   Feet
                   upon
                   several
                   accounts
                   :
                   sometimes
                   by
                   chafing
                   their
                   Feet
                   in
                   flying
                   their
                   Prey
                   ,
                   striking
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   taking
                   cold
                   thereupon
                   ;
                   sometimes
                   for
                   want
                   of
                   rolling
                   or
                   lining
                   the
                   Pearch
                   with
                   some
                   soft
                   warm
                   cloath
                   ;
                   or
                   else
                   through
                   gross
                   humours
                   and
                   foulness
                   within
                   ,
                   which
                   through
                   exercise
                   drop
                   down
                   into
                   their
                   Feet
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   cause
                   them
                   to
                   swell
                   :
                   lastly
                   ,
                   this
                   
                   swelling
                   happens
                   by
                   pricks
                   when
                   they
                   fly
                   fiercely
                   into
                   Bushes
                   after
                   Game
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   a
                   Remedy
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   scour
                   your
                   Hawk
                   three
                   mornings
                   together
                   with
                   the
                   pills
                   of
                   Lard
                   ,
                   Marrow
                   ,
                   Sugar
                   and
                   Saffron
                   ,
                   and
                   set
                   her
                   in
                   the
                   Sun
                   :
                   two
                   days
                   after
                   this
                   feed
                   her
                   with
                   good
                   meat
                   :
                   then
                   take
                   Bole-Armoniack
                   ,
                   and
                   half
                   the
                   quantity
                   of
                   
                     Sanguis
                     Draconis
                  
                   ;
                   and
                   having
                   made
                   them
                   into
                   powder
                   ,
                   temper
                   them
                   well
                   together
                   with
                   the
                   White
                   of
                   an
                   Egg
                   and
                   Rose-water
                   ,
                   and
                   anoint
                   her
                   Feet
                   twice
                   a
                   day
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   days
                   together
                   ,
                   setting
                   her
                   on
                   some
                   Cloth
                   to
                   keep
                   her
                   Feet
                   warm
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   scour
                   Hawks
                   before
                   you
                   cast
                   them
                   into
                   the
                   Mew
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Mewing-time
                   is
                   come
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   scour
                   and
                   cleanse
                   your
                   Hawks
                   ;
                   for
                   in
                   luring
                   and
                   flying-time
                   by
                   foul
                   feeding
                   they
                   ingender
                   Filanders
                   and
                   other
                   Distempers
                   ,
                   whereof
                   they
                   die
                   for
                   want
                   of
                   timely
                   care
                   and
                   cure
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   set
                   down
                   your
                   Hawk
                   use
                   the
                   same
                   as
                   you
                   find
                   Page
                   246
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   not
                   only
                   kill
                   the
                   Worm
                   ,
                   but
                   scour
                   a
                   Hawk
                   also
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   best
                   way
                   is
                   ,
                   (
                   when
                   you
                   mean
                   to
                   cast
                   a
                   Hawk
                   into
                   the
                   Mew
                   )
                   first
                   to
                   scour
                   her
                   well
                   according
                   to
                   former
                   directions
                   ,
                   to
                   cope
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   set
                   her
                   up
                   well
                   in
                   flesh
                   ,
                   to
                   discharge
                   her
                   as
                   near
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   of
                   all
                   Diseases
                   ,
                   also
                   to
                   free
                   her
                   from
                   Mites
                   and
                   Lice
                   ,
                   to
                   set
                   her
                   Water
                   ,
                   sometimes
                   to
                   feed
                   her
                   with
                   young
                   Rats
                   ,
                   Mice
                   ,
                   Dogs-flesh
                   ,
                   Pigeons
                   ,
                   Rabbets
                   ,
                   and
                   now
                   and
                   then
                   with
                   some
                   liquid
                   thing
                   and
                   meats
                   laxative
                   .
                
                 
                   Take
                   notice
                   of
                   this
                   special
                   Observation
                   :
                   A
                   Haggard
                   is
                   not
                   to
                   be
                   cast
                   in
                   loose
                   to
                   the
                   Mew
                   ,
                   but
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   mewed
                   on
                   the
                   Fist
                   ;
                   for
                   otherwise
                   she
                   will
                   become
                   too
                   coy
                   and
                   strange
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   she
                   fall
                   to
                   bating
                   
                   and
                   beating
                   her self
                   for
                   heat
                   ,
                   then
                   must
                   you
                   hood
                   her
                   up
                   ,
                   or
                   bespout
                   her
                   with
                   cold
                   water
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   readiest
                   way
                   to
                   make
                   her
                   leave
                   Bating
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   must
                   continue
                   her
                   on
                   the
                   Fist
                   till
                   she
                   begin
                   to
                   shed
                   her
                   Feathers
                   ;
                   then
                   set
                   her
                   down
                   ,
                   and
                   tie
                   her
                   to
                   a
                   Stone
                   or
                   Pearch
                   ,
                   as
                   you
                   do
                   the
                   rest
                   ;
                   and
                   after
                   she
                   hath
                   mewed
                   and
                   comes
                   to
                   fly
                   ,
                   then
                   let
                   her
                   stand
                   on
                   a
                   Block
                   or
                   Billet
                   cased
                   or
                   rolled
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   mew
                   Goshawks
                   ,
                   Tierces
                   ,
                   and
                   Sparrow-hawks
                   ;
                   onely
                   they
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   born
                   on
                   the
                   Fist
                   ,
                   but
                   be
                   at
                   liberty
                   in
                   the
                   Mew
                   ,
                   and
                   very
                   cleanly
                   served
                   .
                
                 
                   Fifteen
                   or
                   twenty
                   days
                   before
                   you
                   draw
                   your
                   Hawk
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Mew
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   begin
                   to
                   abate
                   her
                   of
                   her
                   diet
                   ,
                   the
                   sooner
                   and
                   better
                   to
                   enseam
                   her
                   .
                   And
                   forget
                   not
                   to
                   feed
                   her
                   with
                   washed
                   meat
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   prevent
                   many
                   dangers
                   that
                   may
                   follow
                   .
                
                 
                   Many
                   more
                   Diseases
                   there
                   are
                   incident
                   ,
                   and
                   Accidents
                   happening
                   to
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   of
                   which
                   with
                   their
                   Cures
                   there
                   are
                   large
                   Discourses
                   written
                   in
                   
                     Italian
                     ,
                     French
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   English
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   I
                   thought
                   fit
                   to
                   insert
                   in
                   this
                   place
                   no
                   other
                   Maladies
                   than
                   what
                   most
                   usually
                   occur
                   :
                   If
                   you
                   desire
                   to
                   be
                   further
                   satisfied
                   ,
                   I
                   shall
                   refer
                   you
                   to
                   those
                   larger
                   and
                   (
                   it
                   may
                   be
                   )
                   less
                   useful
                   Volumes
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 An
                 Abstract
                 Of
                 such
                 STATUTE-LAWS
                 As
                 concern
                 HAWKING
                 .
              
               
                 
                   STat.
                   11
                   H.
                   7.
                   cap.
                   17.
                   
                
                 None
                 shall
                 take
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Nest
                 any
                 Eggs
                 of
                 Faulcon
                 ,
                 Goshawk
                 ,
                 Lanner
                 ,
                 or
                 Swan
                 ,
                 in
                 pain
                 of
                 a
                 year
                 and
                 a
                 days
                 imprisonment
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 incur
                 a
                 Fine
                 at
                 the
                 King's
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 divided
                 betwixt
                 the
                 King
                 and
                 the
                 owner
                 of
                 the
                 Ground
                 where
                 the
                 Eggs
                 shall
                 be
                 so
                 taken
                 .
              
               
                 II.
                 None
                 shall
                 bare
                 any
                 Hawk
                 of
                 English
                 breed
                 called
                 an
                 Eyess
                 ,
                 Goshawk
                 ,
                 Cassel
                 Lanner
                 ,
                 Lanneret
                 ,
                 or
                 Faulcon
                 ,
                 in
                 pain
                 to
                 forfeit
                 the
                 same
                 to
                 the
                 King.
                 
              
               
                 III.
                 He
                 that
                 brings
                 an
                 Eyess
                 from
                 beyond
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 shall
                 have
                 a
                 Certificate
                 under
                 the
                 Customers
                 Seal
                 where
                 he
                 lands
                 ,
                 or
                 if
                 out
                 of
                 Scotland
                 ,
                 then
                 under
                 the
                 Seal
                 of
                 the
                 Lord-Warden
                 or
                 his
                 Lieutenant
                 ,
                 testifying
                 that
                 she
                 is
                 a
                 forrein
                 Hawk
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 like
                 pain
                 of
                 forfeiting
                 the
                 Hawk
                 .
              
               
                 IV.
                 None
                 shall
                 take
                 or
                 fear
                 away
                 any
                 of
                 the
                 Hawks
                 abovesaid
                 from
                 their
                 Coverts
                 where
                 they
                 use
                 to
                 breed
                 ,
                 in
                 pain
                 of
                 
                   10
                   l.
                
                 to
                 be
                 recovered
                 before
                 Justices
                 of
                 Peace
                 ,
                 and
                 divided
                 betwixt
                 the
                 King
                 and
                 the
                 Prosecutor
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   34
                   Edw.
                   3.
                   cap.
                   22.
                   
                
                 A
                 Hawk
                 taken
                 up
                 shall
                 be
                 delivered
                 to
                 the
                 Sheriff
                 ,
                 who
                 after
                 Proclamation
                 made
                 in
                 the
                 Market-Towns
                 of
                 the
                 County
                 (
                 if
                 challenged
                 )
                 shall
                 deliver
                 her
                 to
                 the
                 right
                 owner
                 .
              
               
                 II.
                 If
                 the
                 Hawk
                 were
                 taken
                 up
                 by
                 a
                 mean
                 man
                 ,
                 and
                 be
                 not
                 challenged
                 within
                 Four
                 Moneths
                 ,
                 the
                 Sheriff
                 shall
                 detain
                 her
                 ,
                 satisfying
                 the
                 party
                 for
                 taking
                 her
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 by
                 a
                 man
                 of
                 Estate
                 ,
                 who
                 may
                 conventently
                 keep
                 an
                 Hawk
                 ,
                 the
                 Sheriff
                 shall
                 restore
                 her
                 to
                 him
                 again
                 ,
                 he
                 answering
                 for
                 the
                 charge
                 of
                 keeping
                 her
                 .
              
               
                 III.
                 If
                 any
                 do
                 take
                 away
                 or
                 conceal
                 a
                 Hawk
                 ,
                 he
                 shall
                 answer
                 the
                 value
                 thereof
                 to
                 the
                 owner
                 ,
                 and
                 suffer
                 two
                 years
                 imprisonment
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 case
                 he
                 be
                 not
                 able
                 to
                 answer
                 the
                 value
                 ,
                 he
                 shall
                 remain
                 in
                 Prison
                 a
                 longer
                 time
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   37
                   Edw.
                   3.
                   cap.
                   19.
                   
                
                 He
                 that
                 steals
                 and
                 carries
                 away
                 an
                 Hawk
                 ,
                 not
                 observing
                 the
                 Drdinance
                 of
                 
                   34
                   Edw.
                   3.
                   22.
                
                 shall
                 be
                 deemed
                 a
                 Felon
                 .
              
            
             
               FINIS
               .
            
          
           
             
               
               
                 THE
                 GENTLEMAN'S
                 Recreation
                 :
                 Containing
                 DIRECT
                 RULES
                 For
                 the
                 Famous
                 Game
                 of
                 FOWLING
                 :
                 With
                 Instructions
                 for
                 the
                 taking
                 of
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 LAND
                 and
                 WATER-FOWL
                 .
                 Whether
                 by
                 FOWLING-PIECE
                 ,
                 NET
                 ,
                 ENGINE
                 ,
                 or
                 otherways
                 .
                 With
                 a
                 short
                 Account
                 of
                 Singing-Birds
                 .
                 To
                 which
                 is
                 added
                 An
                 Abstract
                 of
                 all
                 Statute
                 or
                 Penal-Laws
                 relating
                 to
                 that
                 curious
                 Art.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Third
                 Part.
                 
              
               
                 London
                 :
                 Printed
                 by
                 
                   J.
                   C.
                
                 and
                 
                   F.
                   C.
                
                 for
                 
                   N.
                   C.
                
                 
              
               
               
                 
              
            
             
               
               
               
                 
                   OF
                   FOWLING
                   :
                   OR
                
                 ,
                 The
                 compleat
                 Art
                 and
                 Secrets
                 of
                 Fowling
                 ,
                 either
                 by
                 Water
                 or
                 by
                 Land
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 ancient
                 and
                 modern
                 Experience
                 .
              
               
                 What
                 Fowling
                 is
                 ;
                 with
                 the
                 nature
                 and
                 diversity
                 of
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 Fowl.
                 
              
               
                 FOWLING
                 is
                 used
                 two
                 manner
                 of
                 ways
                 :
                 either
                 by
                 Enchantment
                 ,
                 or
                 Enticement
                 ;
                 by
                 winning
                 or
                 wooing
                 the
                 Fowl
                 unto
                 you
                 by
                 Pipe
                 ,
                 Whistle
                 ,
                 or
                 Call
                 ;
                 or
                 else
                 by
                 Engine
                 ,
                 which
                 unawares
                 surprizeth
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 Fowl
                 are
                 of
                 divers
                 sorts
                 ,
                 which
                 alter
                 in
                 their
                 nature
                 as
                 their
                 Feathers
                 ;
                 but
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 their
                 multiplicity
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 for
                 brevity-sake
                 distinguish
                 them
                 onely
                 into
                 two
                 kinds
                 ,
                 Land
                 and
                 Water-Fowl
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 Water-fowl
                 are
                 so
                 called
                 from
                 the
                 natural
                 delight
                 they
                 still
                 take
                 in
                 and
                 about
                 the
                 Water
                 ,
                 gathering
                 from
                 thence
                 all
                 their
                 food
                 and
                 nutriment
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 note
                 ,
                 that
                 Water-fowl
                 are
                 in
                 their
                 own
                 nature
                 the
                 subtilest
                 and
                 wisest
                 of
                 Birds
                 ,
                 and
                 most
                 careful
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 safety
                 :
                 Hence
                 they
                 have
                 been
                 formerly
                 compared
                 to
                 an
                 orderly
                 and
                 well-governed
                 Camp
                 ,
                 having
                 Scouts
                 on
                 land
                 afax
                 off
                 ,
                 Courts
                 of
                 Guards
                 ,
                 Sentinels
                 ,
                 and
                 all-sorts
                 of
                 other
                 watchful
                 Officers
                 surrounding
                 the
                 body
                 ,
                 to
                 give
                 an
                 alarm
                 on
                 any
                 approach
                 of
                 seeming
                 danger
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 in
                 your
                 observation
                 you
                 may
                 take
                 notice
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 will
                 be
                 ever
                 some
                 straggling
                 Fowl
                 ,
                 which
                 lie
                 aloof
                 from
                 the
                 greater
                 number
                 ,
                 which
                 still
                 call
                 first
                 .
                 Now
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 Water-fowl
                 to
                 fly
                 in
                 great
                 Flocks
                 ,
                 having
                 always
                 a
                 regard
                 to
                 the
                 general
                 safety
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 if
                 you
                 see
                 a
                 single
                 Fowl
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 couple
                 fly
                 together
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 imagine
                 they
                 have
                 been
                 somewhere
                 affrighted
                 from
                 the
                 rest
                 by
                 some
                 sudden
                 amazement
                 or
                 apprehension
                 of
                 danger
                 :
                 but
                 so
                 naturally
                 are
                 they
                 inclined
                 to
                 society
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 seldom
                 leave
                 wing
                 till
                 they
                 meet
                 together
                 again
                 .
                 And
                 this
                 is
                 occasioned
                 not
                 only
                 by
                 the
                 near
                 approach
                 of
                 men
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 by
                 the
                 beating
                 of
                 Haggards
                 on
                 the
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 by
                 the
                 appearance
                 of
                 the
                 very
                 bold
                 Buzzard
                 and
                 Ring-tail
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 Water-fowl
                 there
                 are
                 two
                 sorts
                 ;
                 such
                 as
                 live
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 as
                 live
                 on
                 the
                 water
                 :
                 the
                 one
                 taking
                 their
                 sustenance
                 from
                 the
                 water
                 without
                 swimming
                 thereon
                 ,
                 but
                 wading
                 and
                 diving
                 for
                 it
                 with
                 their
                 long
                 Legs
                 :
                 The
                 other
                 are
                 Web-footed
                 and
                 swim
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 
                   Swan
                   ,
                   Goose
                   ,
                   Mallard
                
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Haunts
                   of
                   Fowl.
                   
                
                 
                   THe
                   thing
                   of
                   greatest
                   moment
                   for
                   the
                   Fowler
                   to
                   understand
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Haunts
                   of
                   Fowl.
                   In
                   order
                   thereunto
                   you
                   are
                   to
                   understand
                   ,
                   that
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   greater
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   viz.
                   those
                   who
                   divide
                   the
                   foot
                   ,
                   have
                   their
                   residence
                   by
                   the
                   edge
                   of
                   Rivers
                   that
                   are
                   shallow
                   ,
                   Brooks
                   ,
                   and
                   Plashes
                   of
                   water
                   :
                   and
                   these
                   appear
                   not
                   in
                   Flocks
                   ,
                   but
                   you
                   shall
                   see
                   here
                   one
                   single
                   ,
                   there
                   a
                   couple
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   like
                   ;
                   which
                   makes
                   them
                   difficult
                   to
                   be
                   taken
                   by
                   Engine
                   or
                   Device
                   ;
                   but
                   they
                   are
                   the
                   best
                   flights
                   for
                   Hawks
                   that
                   can
                   be
                   imagined
                   .
                
                 
                   Likewise
                   these
                   Fowl
                   delight
                   in
                   low
                   and
                   boggy
                   places
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   more
                   sedgie
                   ,
                   marish
                   and
                   rotten
                   such
                   grounds
                   are
                   ,
                   the
                   fitter
                   they
                   are
                   for
                   the
                   haunting
                   of
                   these
                   Fowl.
                   
                
                 
                   They
                   love
                   also
                   the
                   dry
                   parts
                   of
                   drowned
                   Fens
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   overgrown
                   with
                   tall
                   and
                   long
                   Rushes
                   ,
                   Reeds
                   ,
                   and
                   Sedges
                   .
                
                 
                   Lastly
                   ,
                   they
                   delight
                   in
                   half-drowned
                   Moors
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   hollow
                   vales
                   of
                   Downs
                   ,
                   Heaths
                   ,
                   or
                   Plains
                   ,
                   where
                   there
                   is
                   shelter
                   either
                   of
                   Hedges
                   ,
                   Hills
                   ,
                   Tufts
                   of
                   Bushes
                   or
                   Trees
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   may
                   lurk
                   obscurely
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   the
                   lesser
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   Web-footed
                   ,
                   haunt
                   continually
                   drowned
                   Fens
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   may
                   have
                   continually
                   plenty
                   of
                   Water
                   ,
                   and
                   may
                   swim
                   undisturbed
                   by
                   man
                   or
                   beast
                   :
                   Their
                   haunt
                   is
                   likewise
                   in
                   the
                   main
                   Streams
                   of
                   Rivers
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   Current
                   is
                   swiftest
                   and
                   least
                   subject
                   to
                   freez
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   broader
                   and
                   deeper
                   such
                   Rivers
                   are
                   ,
                   the
                   greater
                   delight
                   these
                   Fowl
                   take
                   therein
                   ,
                   the
                   Wild-goose
                   and
                   Barnacle
                   excepted
                   ,
                   who
                   abide
                   no
                   Waters
                   above
                   their
                   sounding
                   ;
                   for
                   when
                   they
                   cannot
                   reach
                   the
                   Ouze
                   ,
                   they
                   instantly
                   remove
                   thence
                   ,
                   seeking
                   out
                   more
                   shallow
                   places
                   .
                   
                   These
                   two
                   last
                   named
                   are
                   infinitely
                   delighted
                   with
                   green
                   Winter-corn
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   you
                   shall
                   see
                   them
                   evermore
                   where
                   such
                   Grain
                   is
                   sown
                   ,
                   especially
                   if
                   the
                   ends
                   of
                   the
                   Lands
                   have
                   much
                   water
                   about
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   Likewise
                   these
                   smaller
                   Fowl
                   do
                   very
                   much
                   frequent
                   small
                   Brooks
                   ,
                   Rivers
                   ,
                   Ponds
                   ,
                   drowned
                   Meadows
                   ,
                   Pastures
                   ,
                   Moors
                   ,
                   Plashes
                   ,
                   Meres
                   ,
                   Loughs
                   and
                   Lakes
                   ,
                   especially
                   if
                   well
                   stored
                   with
                   Islands
                   unfrequented
                   ,
                   and
                   well
                   furnished
                   with
                   Shrubs
                   ,
                   Bushes
                   ,
                   Reeds
                   ,
                   &c.
                   and
                   then
                   they
                   will
                   breed
                   there
                   ,
                   and
                   frequent
                   such
                   places
                   both
                   Summer
                   and
                   Winter
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   readiest
                   way
                   of
                   taking
                   great
                   Fowl
                   with
                   NETS
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   first
                   thing
                   you
                   are
                   to
                   consider
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   making
                   of
                   your
                   Nets
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   of
                   the
                   best
                   Packthread
                   ,
                   with
                   great
                   and
                   large
                   Meshes
                   ,
                   at
                   least
                   two
                   Inches
                   from
                   point
                   to
                   point
                   :
                   for
                   the
                   larger
                   the
                   Meshes
                   are
                   ,
                   (
                   so
                   that
                   the
                   Fowl
                   cannot
                   creep
                   through
                   them
                   )
                   the
                   better
                   it
                   is
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   more
                   certainly
                   intangle
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   not
                   your
                   Nets
                   be
                   above
                   two
                   fathom
                   deep
                   ,
                   and
                   six
                   in
                   length
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   greatest
                   proportion
                   that
                   a
                   man
                   is
                   able
                   to
                   overthrow
                   .
                   Verge
                   your
                   Net
                   on
                   each
                   side
                   with
                   very
                   strong
                   Cord
                   ,
                   and
                   extend
                   it
                   at
                   each
                   end
                   upon
                   long
                   Poles
                   made
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   thus
                   your
                   Nets
                   in
                   readiness
                   ,
                   let
                   the
                   Fowler
                   observe
                   the
                   haunts
                   of
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   to
                   say
                   ,
                   their
                   Morning
                   and
                   Evening
                   feedings
                   ,
                   coming
                   at
                   least
                   two
                   hours
                   before
                   those
                   seasons
                   ;
                   then
                   spreading
                   his
                   Net
                   smooth
                   and
                   flat
                   upon
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   staking
                   the
                   two
                   lower
                   ends
                   firm
                   thereon
                   ,
                   let
                   the
                   upper
                   ends
                   stand
                   extended
                   upon
                   the
                   long
                   Cord
                   ,
                   the
                   farther
                   end
                   thereof
                   being
                   staked
                   
                   fast
                   down
                   to
                   the
                   Earth
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   fathom
                   from
                   the
                   Net
                   ;
                   and
                   let
                   the
                   stake
                   which
                   staketh
                   down
                   the
                   Cord
                   stand
                   in
                   a
                   direct
                   and
                   even
                   line
                   with
                   the
                   lower
                   Verge
                   of
                   the
                   Net
                   ,
                   the
                   distance
                   still
                   observed
                   :
                   then
                   the
                   other
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   Cord
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   at
                   least
                   ten
                   or
                   twelve
                   fathom
                   long
                   ,
                   the
                   Fowler
                   shall
                   hold
                   in
                   his
                   hand
                   at
                   the
                   uttermost
                   distance
                   aforesaid
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   shall
                   make
                   some
                   artificial
                   shelter
                   either
                   of
                   Grass
                   ,
                   Sods
                   ,
                   Earth
                   ,
                   or
                   such
                   like
                   matter
                   ,
                   whereby
                   he
                   may
                   lie
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   sight
                   of
                   the
                   Fowl.
                   
                
                 
                   Observe
                   to
                   let
                   the
                   Net
                   lie
                   so
                   ready
                   for
                   the
                   Game
                   ,
                   that
                   upon
                   the
                   least
                   pull
                   it
                   may
                   rise
                   from
                   the
                   Earth
                   and
                   fly
                   over
                   .
                
                 
                   Strew
                   over
                   all
                   your
                   Net
                   ,
                   as
                   it
                   lies
                   upon
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   some
                   Grass
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   hide
                   it
                   from
                   the
                   Fowl.
                   It
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   amiss
                   (
                   but
                   altogether
                   requisite
                   )
                   to
                   stake
                   down
                   near
                   your
                   Net
                   a
                   live
                   Hern
                   ,
                   or
                   some
                   other
                   Fowl
                   formerly
                   taken
                   ,
                   for
                   a
                   Stale
                   .
                   When
                   you
                   observe
                   a
                   competent
                   number
                   of
                   Fowl
                   come
                   within
                   the
                   verge
                   of
                   your
                   Net
                   ,
                   then
                   draw
                   your
                   Cord
                   suddenly
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   cast
                   the
                   Net
                   over
                   them
                   :
                   Continue
                   thus
                   doing
                   till
                   the
                   Sun
                   be
                   near
                   an
                   hour
                   high
                   ,
                   and
                   no
                   longer
                   ;
                   for
                   then
                   their
                   feeding
                   is
                   over
                   for
                   that
                   time
                   ;
                   and
                   so
                   do
                   at
                   Evening
                   from
                   about
                   Sun-set
                   till
                   Twilight
                   .
                   By
                   this
                   means
                   you
                   may
                   not
                   only
                   take
                   great
                   quantities
                   of
                   larger
                   Wild-fowl
                   ,
                   but
                   also
                   Plover
                   ,
                   which
                   takes
                   his
                   food
                   as
                   much
                   from
                   Land
                   as
                   Water
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   small
                   Water-fowl
                   with
                   Nets
                   .
                
                 
                   LEt
                   your
                   Nets
                   be
                   made
                   of
                   the
                   smallest
                   and
                   strongest
                   packthread
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Meshes
                   nothing
                   near
                   so
                   big
                   as
                   those
                   for
                   the
                   greater
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   about
                   two
                   foot
                   and
                   a
                   half
                   or
                   three
                   foot
                   deep
                   ;
                   line
                   these
                   Nets
                   on
                   both
                   sides
                   with
                   false
                   Nets
                   ,
                   every
                   Mesh
                   being
                   about
                   a
                   foot
                   and
                   
                   a
                   half
                   square
                   each
                   way
                   ,
                   that
                   as
                   the
                   Fowl
                   striketh
                   either
                   through
                   them
                   or
                   against
                   them
                   ,
                   so
                   the
                   smaller
                   Net
                   may
                   pass
                   through
                   the
                   great
                   Meshes
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   streighten
                   and
                   entangle
                   the
                   Fowl.
                   
                
                 
                   These
                   Nets
                   you
                   must
                   pitch
                   for
                   the
                   Evening-flight
                   of
                   Fowl
                   before
                   Sun-set
                   ,
                   staking
                   them
                   down
                   on
                   each
                   side
                   of
                   the
                   River
                   about
                   half
                   a
                   foot
                   within
                   the
                   water
                   ,
                   the
                   lower
                   side
                   of
                   the
                   Net
                   being
                   so
                   plumb'd
                   that
                   it
                   may
                   sink
                   so
                   far
                   and
                   no
                   farther
                   :
                   Let
                   the
                   upper
                   side
                   of
                   the
                   Net
                   be
                   placed
                   slantwise
                   ,
                   shoaling
                   against
                   the
                   water
                   ,
                   yet
                   not
                   touching
                   the
                   water
                   by
                   near
                   two
                   foot
                   ;
                   and
                   let
                   the
                   strings
                   which
                   support
                   this
                   upper
                   side
                   of
                   the
                   Net
                   be
                   fastned
                   to
                   small
                   yielding
                   Sticks
                   prickt
                   in
                   the
                   Bank
                   ,
                   which
                   as
                   the
                   Fowl
                   strikes
                   may
                   give
                   liberty
                   to
                   the
                   Net
                   to
                   run
                   and
                   entangle
                   them
                   .
                   Thus
                   place
                   several
                   of
                   these
                   Nets
                   over
                   divers
                   parts
                   of
                   the
                   River
                   ,
                   about
                   twelvescore
                   one
                   from
                   another
                   ,
                   or
                   as
                   the
                   River
                   or
                   Brook
                   shall
                   give
                   leave
                   ;
                   and
                   be
                   confident
                   ,
                   if
                   any
                   Fowl
                   come
                   on
                   the
                   River
                   that
                   night
                   ,
                   you
                   shall
                   have
                   your
                   share
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   the
                   sooner
                   obtain
                   your
                   desire
                   ,
                   take
                   your
                   Gun
                   and
                   go
                   to
                   all
                   the
                   Fens
                   and
                   Plashes
                   that
                   are
                   a
                   good
                   distance
                   from
                   your
                   Nets
                   ,
                   and
                   fire
                   it
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   times
                   ;
                   which
                   will
                   so
                   affright
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   will
                   instantly
                   post
                   to
                   the
                   Rivers
                   ;
                   then
                   plant
                   your
                   Nets
                   upon
                   these
                   Fens
                   and
                   Plashes
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   Morning
                   go
                   first
                   to
                   the
                   River
                   and
                   see
                   what
                   Fowl
                   are
                   there
                   surprized
                   ;
                   and
                   having
                   taken
                   them
                   up
                   with
                   your
                   Nets
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   espy
                   any
                   Fowl
                   on
                   the
                   River
                   ,
                   discharge
                   your
                   Gun
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   make
                   them
                   fly
                   to
                   the
                   Fens
                   and
                   Plashes
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   go
                   and
                   see
                   what
                   you
                   have
                   taken
                   :
                   Thus
                   you
                   shall
                   be
                   sure
                   to
                   be
                   furnished
                   with
                   some
                   ,
                   though
                   there
                   be
                   never
                   so
                   few
                   abroad
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   small
                   Birds
                   with
                   Bird-Lime
                   .
                
                 
                   IN
                   cold
                   weather
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   to
                   say
                   ,
                   in
                   Frost
                   or
                   Snow
                   ,
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   small
                   Birds
                   do
                   congregate
                   in
                   Flocks
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Larks
                     ,
                     Chaffinches
                     ,
                     Lennets
                     ,
                     Gold-finches
                     ,
                     Yellowhammers
                     ,
                     Buntings
                     ,
                     Sparrows
                     ,
                  
                   &c.
                   all
                   these
                   but
                   the
                   Lark
                   do
                   perch
                   on
                   Trees
                   or
                   Bushes
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   feed
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   :
                   If
                   you
                   perceive
                   they
                   resort
                   about
                   your
                   House
                   or
                   Fields
                   adjacent
                   ,
                   then
                   use
                   your
                   Bird-lime
                   that
                   is
                   well
                   prepared
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   over
                   old
                   ;
                   order
                   it
                   after
                   this
                   manner
                   :
                   Take
                   an
                   Earthen
                   dish
                   and
                   put
                   the
                   Bird-lime
                   into
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   add
                   thereunto
                   some
                   fresh
                   Lard
                   ,
                   or
                   Capons-grease
                   ,
                   putting
                   an
                   ounce
                   of
                   either
                   to
                   a
                   quarter
                   of
                   a
                   pound
                   of
                   Bird-lime
                   :
                   then
                   setting
                   it
                   over
                   the
                   fire
                   ,
                   let
                   it
                   melt
                   gently
                   together
                   ;
                   but
                   let
                   it
                   not
                   boil
                   by
                   any
                   means
                   ,
                   for
                   if
                   you
                   do
                   ,
                   you
                   will
                   take
                   away
                   the
                   strength
                   of
                   the
                   Bird-lime
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   spoil
                   it
                   .
                   Having
                   thus
                   prepared
                   it
                   ,
                   get
                   a
                   quantity
                   of
                   Wheat-ears
                   ,
                   as
                   many
                   as
                   you
                   think
                   you
                   shall
                   conveniently
                   use
                   ,
                   and
                   cut
                   the
                   Straw
                   about
                   a
                   foot
                   long
                   besides
                   the
                   Ears
                   ;
                   then
                   from
                   the
                   bottom
                   of
                   the
                   Ears
                   to
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   the
                   Straw
                   lime
                   it
                   about
                   six
                   inches
                   :
                   the
                   Lime
                   must
                   be
                   warm
                   when
                   you
                   lime
                   the
                   straw
                   ,
                   that
                   so
                   it
                   may
                   run
                   thin
                   upon
                   the
                   straw
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   the
                   less
                   discernable
                   ,
                   and
                   consequently
                   not
                   suspected
                   by
                   the
                   Birds
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   thus
                   got
                   your
                   Lim'd-straws
                   in
                   this
                   manner
                   ready
                   ,
                   go
                   into
                   the
                   field
                   adjacent
                   to
                   your
                   house
                   ,
                   and
                   carry
                   a
                   bag
                   of
                   Chaff
                   and
                   thresht
                   Ears
                   ,
                   and
                   scatter
                   these
                   together
                   twenty
                   yards
                   wide
                   ,
                   (
                   it
                   is
                   best
                   in
                   a
                   Snow
                   )
                   then
                   take
                   the
                   Lim'd-ears
                   and
                   stick
                   them
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   with
                   the
                   Ears
                   leaning
                   ,
                   or
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   touching
                   the
                   ground
                   ;
                   then
                   retire
                   from
                   the
                   place
                   ,
                   and
                   traverse
                   the
                   grounds
                   all
                   round
                   about
                   ;
                   the
                   Birds
                   hereupon
                   being
                   disturbed
                   in
                   their
                   other
                   haunts
                   fly
                   hither
                   ,
                   and
                   pecking
                   at
                   the
                   ears
                   of
                   Corn
                   ,
                   finding
                   that
                   they
                   stick
                   unto
                   them
                   ,
                   they
                   straightways
                   mount
                   up
                   
                   from
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   their
                   flight
                   the
                   Bird-limb'd
                   straws
                   lap
                   under
                   their
                   Wings
                   ,
                   and
                   falling
                   are
                   not
                   able
                   to
                   disengage
                   themselves
                   from
                   the
                   Straw
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   are
                   certainly
                   taken
                   .
                
                 
                   By
                   the
                   way
                   take
                   this
                   caution
                   ;
                   do
                   not
                   go
                   and
                   take
                   up
                   five
                   or
                   six
                   you
                   see
                   entangled
                   ,
                   for
                   that
                   may
                   hinder
                   you
                   it
                   may
                   be
                   from
                   taking
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   dozen
                   at
                   one
                   time
                   .
                   If
                   they
                   be
                   Larks
                   that
                   fall
                   where
                   your
                   Bird-lim'd
                   Straws
                   do
                   lie
                   ,
                   go
                   not
                   a
                   near
                   them
                   till
                   they
                   spontaneously
                   rise
                   of
                   themselves
                   ,
                   and
                   flying
                   in
                   great
                   Flocks
                   ;
                   I
                   can
                   assure
                   you
                   I
                   have
                   caught
                   five
                   dozen
                   at
                   one
                   lift
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   may
                   lay
                   some
                   nearer
                   home
                   to
                   take
                   
                     Finches
                     ,
                     Sparrows
                     ,
                     Yellowhammers
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   who
                   resort
                   near
                   to
                   Houses
                   ,
                   and
                   frequent
                   Barn-doors
                   ,
                   where
                   you
                   may
                   easily
                   take
                   them
                   after
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   .
                   The
                   taking
                   of
                   Sparrows
                   is
                   a
                   very
                   great
                   benefit
                   to
                   the
                   Husbandman
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   are
                   his
                   and
                   the
                   Farmers
                   principal
                   Enemies
                   ,
                   of
                   all
                   small
                   Birds
                   ;
                   insomuch
                   as
                   I
                   dare
                   assure
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   every
                   dozen
                   of
                   Sparrows
                   taken
                   by
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   Winter
                   ,
                   shall
                   save
                   them
                   a
                   quarter
                   of
                   Wheat
                   before
                   Harvest
                   be
                   ended
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   taking
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   stick
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   your
                   House
                   if
                   thatcht
                   ;
                   and
                   though
                   you
                   never
                   have
                   the
                   Birds
                   ,
                   yet
                   the
                   destruction
                   of
                   them
                   will
                   be
                   a
                   great
                   advantage
                   .
                   Before
                   a
                   Barn-door
                   if
                   you
                   lay
                   your
                   Twigs
                   ,
                   or
                   Lim'd-straws
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   there
                   take
                   them
                   with
                   abundance
                   of
                   other
                   small
                   Birds
                   .
                   The
                   Sparrow
                   is
                   excellent
                   food
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   great
                   restorer
                   of
                   decayed
                   Nature
                   .
                   You
                   may
                   also
                   take
                   them
                   at
                   roost
                   in
                   the
                   Eaves
                   of
                   Thatchthouses
                   ,
                   by
                   coming
                   in
                   the
                   night
                   with
                   a
                   Clap-net
                   ,
                   and
                   rubbing
                   the
                   Net
                   against
                   the
                   hole
                   where
                   they
                   are
                   flying
                   out
                   ,
                   you
                   clap
                   the
                   Net
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   forsake
                   them
                   :
                   the
                   darkest
                   night
                   with
                   a
                   Lanthorn
                   and
                   Candle
                   is
                   the
                   chiefest
                   time
                   to
                   take
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   performed
                   your
                   Morning
                   Birding-recreation
                   ,
                   go
                   bait
                   the
                   same
                   place
                   where
                   you
                   were
                   before
                   ,
                   and
                   bait
                   it
                   with
                   fresh
                   Chaff
                   and
                   Ears
                   of
                   Corn
                   ,
                   and
                   
                   let
                   them
                   rest
                   till
                   next
                   Morning
                   ;
                   then
                   take
                   some
                   fresh
                   Wheat-ears
                   again
                   ,
                   and
                   stick
                   them
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   :
                   and
                   when
                   you
                   bait
                   in
                   the
                   Afternoon
                   ,
                   take
                   away
                   all
                   your
                   Lim'd
                   Ears
                   ,
                   that
                   so
                   the
                   Birds
                   may
                   feed
                   boldly
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   be
                   frighted
                   or
                   disturbed
                   against
                   next
                   Morning
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   Great
                   Fowl
                   with
                   LIME-TWIGS
                   .
                
                 
                   YOu
                   must
                   supply
                   your self
                   with
                   good
                   store
                   of
                   Rods
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   long
                   ,
                   small
                   ,
                   and
                   straight-grown
                   Twigs
                   ,
                   being
                   light
                   and
                   apt
                   to
                   play
                   to
                   and
                   fro
                   .
                
                 
                   Lime
                   the
                   upper-part
                   of
                   these
                   Twigs
                   ,
                   holding
                   the
                   Bird-lime
                   before
                   the
                   fire
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   it
                   may
                   melt
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   better
                   besmearing
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   first
                   well
                   acquainted
                   your self
                   where
                   these
                   Fowl
                   do
                   frequent
                   Morning
                   and
                   Evening
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   then
                   observe
                   before
                   Sun-set
                   for
                   the
                   Evening-flight
                   ,
                   and
                   before
                   day
                   for
                   the
                   Morning
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   plant
                   your
                   Lime-twigs
                   where
                   these
                   Fowl
                   haunt
                   ,
                   pinning
                   down
                   for
                   a
                   Stale
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   Fowl
                   alive
                   (
                   which
                   you
                   have
                   formerly
                   taken
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   )
                   which
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   catch
                   with
                   your
                   Bird-lime
                   .
                   Round
                   about
                   the
                   Stale
                   (
                   giving
                   the
                   Fowl
                   liberty
                   to
                   flutter
                   to
                   and
                   fro
                   )
                   prick
                   your
                   Twigs
                   in
                   rows
                   a
                   foot
                   distant
                   one
                   from
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   till
                   you
                   have
                   covered
                   all
                   the
                   place
                   so
                   haunted
                   ,
                   that
                   there
                   shall
                   be
                   no
                   room
                   left
                   ,
                   but
                   that
                   they
                   must
                   certainly
                   fall
                   foul
                   with
                   the
                   Lime-twigs
                   .
                
                 
                   Prick
                   the
                   Rods
                   sloaping
                   with
                   their
                   heads
                   bending
                   into
                   the
                   Wind
                   about
                   a
                   foot
                   or
                   somewhat
                   more
                   above
                   ground
                   :
                   If
                   you
                   please
                   (
                   and
                   I
                   think
                   it
                   the
                   best
                   way
                   )
                   you
                   may
                   cross-prick
                   your
                   Rods
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   one
                   point
                   into
                   the
                   wind
                   ,
                   and
                   another
                   against
                   the
                   wind
                   ;
                   by
                   which
                   
                   means
                   you
                   may
                   take
                   the
                   Fowl
                   which
                   way
                   soever
                   they
                   come
                   .
                
                 
                   Place
                   also
                   a
                   Stale
                   some
                   distance
                   from
                   your
                   Limetwigs
                   ,
                   and
                   fasten
                   small
                   strings
                   to
                   it
                   ,
                   which
                   upon
                   the
                   sight
                   of
                   any
                   Fowl
                   you
                   must
                   pull
                   ,
                   then
                   will
                   your
                   Stale
                   flutter
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   allure
                   them
                   down
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   see
                   any
                   taken
                   ,
                   do
                   not
                   run
                   instantly
                   and
                   take
                   them
                   up
                   if
                   you
                   see
                   any
                   Fowl
                   in
                   the
                   air
                   ;
                   for
                   by
                   their
                   fluttering
                   others
                   will
                   be
                   induced
                   to
                   swoop
                   in
                   among
                   them
                   .
                   It
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   amiss
                   to
                   have
                   a
                   well-taught
                   Spaniel
                   with
                   you
                   for
                   the
                   retaking
                   of
                   such
                   Fowl
                   (
                   as
                   it
                   is
                   common
                   )
                   which
                   will
                   flutter
                   away
                   with
                   the
                   Limetwigs
                   about
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   use
                   these
                   Twigs
                   for
                   smaller
                   Wild-fowl
                   ,
                   and
                   such
                   as
                   frequent
                   the
                   water
                   only
                   ,
                   then
                   must
                   you
                   fit
                   them
                   in
                   length
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   depth
                   of
                   the
                   River
                   ;
                   and
                   your
                   Lime
                   must
                   be
                   very
                   strong
                   Water-lime
                   ,
                   such
                   as
                   no
                   wet
                   or
                   frost
                   can
                   injure
                   .
                   Prick
                   these
                   Rods
                   in
                   the
                   water
                   ,
                   as
                   you
                   did
                   the
                   others
                   on
                   the
                   Land
                   ,
                   as
                   much
                   of
                   the
                   Rod
                   as
                   is
                   limed
                   being
                   above
                   water
                   ;
                   and
                   here
                   and
                   there
                   among
                   your
                   Rods
                   you
                   must
                   stake
                   down
                   a
                   live
                   Stale
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   Mallard
                   ,
                   a
                   Widgeon
                   or
                   Teal
                   :
                   and
                   thus
                   you
                   may
                   do
                   in
                   any
                   shallow
                   Plash
                   or
                   Fen.
                   
                
                 
                   You
                   need
                   not
                   wait
                   continually
                   on
                   your
                   Rods
                   ,
                   but
                   come
                   thrice
                   a
                   day
                   ,
                   and
                   see
                   what
                   is
                   taken
                   ,
                   viz.
                   early
                   in
                   the
                   Morning
                   ,
                   at
                   high
                   Noon
                   ,
                   and
                   late
                   in
                   the
                   Evening
                   ;
                   but
                   come
                   not
                   unattended
                   with
                   your
                   Water-spaniel
                   :
                   for
                   if
                   you
                   perceive
                   any
                   of
                   your
                   Rods
                   missing
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   conclude
                   some
                   Fowl
                   are
                   fastned
                   to
                   them
                   which
                   are
                   crept
                   into
                   some
                   Hole
                   ,
                   Bush
                   ,
                   or
                   Sedge
                   by
                   the
                   River
                   side
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   will
                   your
                   Dog
                   be
                   very
                   necessary
                   for
                   the
                   discovery
                   .
                
                 
                   Do
                   not
                   beat
                   one
                   Haunt
                   too
                   much
                   ,
                   but
                   when
                   you
                   find
                   their
                   numbers
                   fail
                   ,
                   remove
                   and
                   find
                   out
                   another
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   three
                   weeks
                   time
                   your
                   first
                   will
                   be
                   as
                   good
                   as
                   ever
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   great
                   and
                   lesser
                   SPRINGES
                   .
                
                 
                   HAving
                   noted
                   the
                   Morning
                   and
                   Evening
                   feeding
                   of
                   divided-footed-Fowl
                   ,
                   observing
                   the
                   Furrows
                   and
                   Water-Tracts
                   where
                   they
                   usually
                   stalk
                   and
                   paddle
                   to
                   find
                   Worms
                   ,
                   Float-Grass-roots
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   like
                   ;
                   you
                   must
                   mark
                   where
                   many
                   Furrows
                   meet
                   in
                   one
                   ,
                   and
                   break
                   out
                   as
                   it
                   were
                   into
                   one
                   narrow
                   passage
                   ,
                   which
                   so
                   descending
                   ,
                   afterwards
                   divides
                   it self
                   into
                   other
                   parts
                   and
                   branches
                   ;
                   then
                   mark
                   how
                   every
                   Furrow
                   breaketh
                   and
                   cometh
                   into
                   this
                   Center
                   or
                   little
                   Pit
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   most
                   paddled
                   with
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   or
                   which
                   is
                   easiest
                   for
                   Fowl
                   to
                   wade
                   in
                   :
                   This
                   being
                   done
                   ,
                   take
                   small
                   and
                   short
                   Sticks
                   ,
                   and
                   prick
                   them
                   cross-wise
                   athwart
                   over
                   all
                   the
                   other
                   passages
                   ,
                   one
                   Stick
                   within
                   half
                   an
                   Inch
                   of
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   making
                   as
                   it
                   were
                   a
                   kind
                   of
                   Fence
                   to
                   guard
                   every
                   way
                   but
                   one
                   which
                   you
                   would
                   have
                   the
                   Fowl
                   to
                   pass
                   :
                   if
                   they
                   stand
                   but
                   somewhat
                   more
                   than
                   a
                   handful
                   above
                   the
                   Water
                   ,
                   such
                   is
                   the
                   nature
                   of
                   the
                   Fowl
                   that
                   they
                   will
                   not
                   press
                   over
                   them
                   ,
                   but
                   stray
                   about
                   till
                   that
                   they
                   find
                   the
                   open
                   way
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   thus
                   hemmed
                   in
                   all
                   ways
                   but
                   one
                   ,
                   take
                   a
                   stiff
                   Stick
                   cut
                   flat
                   on
                   the
                   one
                   side
                   ,
                   and
                   prick
                   both
                   ends
                   down
                   into
                   the
                   Water
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   the
                   upper
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   flat
                   side
                   of
                   the
                   stick
                   to
                   touch
                   the
                   water
                   ,
                   and
                   no
                   more
                   :
                   then
                   make
                   a
                   Bow
                   of
                   small
                   Hazel
                   or
                   Willow
                   made
                   in
                   the
                   fashion
                   of
                   a
                   Pear
                   ,
                   broad
                   and
                   round
                   at
                   one
                   end
                   ,
                   and
                   narrow
                   at
                   the
                   other
                   ;
                   at
                   least
                   a
                   foot
                   long
                   ,
                   and
                   five
                   or
                   six
                   Inches
                   broad
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   the
                   narrow
                   end
                   make
                   a
                   small
                   nick
                   :
                   then
                   take
                   a
                   good
                   stiff-grown
                   plant
                   of
                   Hazel
                   ,
                   clean
                   without
                   knot
                   ,
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   Inches
                   about
                   at
                   the
                   bottom
                   ,
                   and
                   an
                   Inch
                   at
                   the
                   top
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   having
                   made
                   the
                   bottom-end
                   sharp
                   ,
                   at
                   the
                   top
                   you
                   must
                   fasten
                   a
                   very
                   strong
                   Loop
                   of
                   about
                   an
                   hundred
                   Horse-hairs
                   plaited
                   very
                   fast
                   together
                   with
                   strong
                   Packthread
                   ,
                   and
                   made
                   so
                   smooth
                   that
                   it
                   will
                   run
                   and
                   slip
                   at
                   pleasure
                   :
                   Let
                   the
                   Loop
                   be
                   of
                   the
                   just
                   quantity
                   of
                   the
                   hoop
                   ,
                   made
                   Pear-wise
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   :
                   then
                   hard
                   by
                   this
                   Loop
                   you
                   must
                   fasten
                   a
                   little
                   broad
                   thin
                   Tricker
                   within
                   an
                   Inch
                   and
                   half
                   of
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   Plant
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   made
                   equally
                   sharp
                   at
                   both
                   ends
                   :
                   thrust
                   the
                   bigger
                   sharp
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   Plant
                   into
                   the
                   ground
                   close
                   by
                   the
                   edge
                   of
                   the
                   water
                   ,
                   the
                   smaller-end
                   with
                   the
                   Hoop
                   and
                   the
                   '
                   Tricker
                   must
                   be
                   brought
                   down
                   to
                   the
                   first
                   Bridge
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   the
                   Hoop
                   made
                   Pear-wise
                   being
                   laid
                   on
                   the
                   Bridge
                   ,
                   one
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   Tricker
                   must
                   be
                   set
                   upon
                   the
                   nick
                   of
                   the
                   Hoop
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   other
                   end
                   against
                   a
                   nick
                   made
                   on
                   the
                   small
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   Plant
                   ,
                   which
                   by
                   the
                   violence
                   and
                   bend
                   of
                   the
                   Plant
                   shall
                   make
                   them
                   stick
                   and
                   hold
                   together
                   until
                   the
                   Hoop
                   be
                   moved
                   .
                   This
                   done
                   ,
                   lay
                   the
                   Swickle
                   on
                   the
                   Hoop
                   in
                   such
                   fashion
                   as
                   the
                   Hoop
                   is
                   proportioned
                   ;
                   then
                   from
                   each
                   side
                   of
                   the
                   Hoop
                   prick
                   little
                   Sticks
                   ,
                   making
                   an
                   impaled
                   path
                   to
                   the
                   Hoop
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   you
                   go
                   farther
                   and
                   farther
                   from
                   the
                   Hoop
                   or
                   Springe
                   ,
                   so
                   make
                   the
                   way
                   wider
                   and
                   wider
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Fowl
                   may
                   enter
                   a
                   good
                   way
                   before
                   it
                   shall
                   perceive
                   the
                   Fence
                   .
                   By
                   this
                   means
                   the
                   Fowl
                   will
                   be
                   enticed
                   to
                   wade
                   up
                   to
                   the
                   Springe
                   ,
                   which
                   shall
                   be
                   no
                   sooner
                   toucht
                   ,
                   but
                   that
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Bird
                   so
                   touching
                   will
                   be
                   instantly
                   ensnared
                   :
                   And
                   thus
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   strength
                   of
                   the
                   Plant
                   you
                   shall
                   take
                   any
                   Fowl
                   of
                   what
                   bigness
                   soever
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Springe
                   for
                   lesser
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Woodcock
                     ,
                     Snipe
                     ,
                     Plover
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   is
                   made
                   after
                   the
                   fashion
                   aforesaid
                   ,
                   only
                   differing
                   in
                   strength
                   according
                   unto
                   the
                   bigness
                   of
                   the
                   Birds
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   catch
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   main
                   plant
                   or
                   Sweeper
                   you
                   may
                   make
                   of
                   Willow
                   ,
                   Osier
                   ,
                   or
                   any
                   stick
                   that
                   will
                   bend
                   and
                   return
                   to
                   its
                   proper
                   straightness
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   This
                   device
                   is
                   for
                   the
                   Winter
                   only
                   ,
                   when
                   much
                   wet
                   is
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   when
                   the
                   Furrows
                   are
                   dry
                   .
                   Now
                   if
                   the
                   waters
                   be
                   frozen
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   make
                   plashes
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   harder
                   the
                   Frost
                   ,
                   the
                   greater
                   resort
                   will
                   there
                   be
                   of
                   these
                   smaller
                   Fowl.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   FOWLING-PIECE
                   
                     and
                     the
                  
                   STALKING-HORSE
                   .
                
                 
                   THat
                   is
                   ever
                   esteemed
                   the
                   best
                   Fowling-piece
                   which
                   hath
                   the
                   longest
                   Barrel
                   ,
                   being
                   five
                   foot
                   and
                   a
                   half
                   or
                   six
                   foot
                   long
                   ,
                   with
                   an
                   indifferent
                   bore
                   ,
                   under
                   Harquebuss
                   .
                
                 
                   Provide
                   the
                   best
                   sort
                   of
                   Powder
                   as
                   near
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   it
                   not
                   be
                   old
                   ,
                   for
                   keeping
                   weakens
                   it
                   much
                   ,
                   especially
                   if
                   it
                   grow
                   damp
                   ;
                   therefore
                   when
                   you
                   have
                   occasion
                   to
                   use
                   it
                   ,
                   dry
                   it
                   well
                   in
                   a
                   Fire-shovel
                   ,
                   and
                   sift
                   it
                   through
                   a
                   fine
                   Searcher
                   to
                   take
                   away
                   that
                   dust
                   which
                   hindreth
                   the
                   more
                   forcible
                   effects
                   ,
                   and
                   fouleth
                   your
                   piece
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   your
                   Shot
                   be
                   well
                   sized
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   a
                   moderate
                   bigness
                   ;
                   for
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   too
                   great
                   ,
                   then
                   it
                   scatters
                   too
                   much
                   :
                   if
                   too
                   small
                   ,
                   it
                   hath
                   not
                   weight
                   nor
                   strength
                   sufficient
                   to
                   do
                   execution
                   on
                   a
                   large
                   Fowl.
                   
                
                 
                   Shot
                   being
                   not
                   to
                   be
                   had
                   at
                   all
                   times
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   all
                   places
                   ,
                   suitable
                   to
                   your
                   occasions
                   and
                   desires
                   ,
                   I
                   shall
                   therefore
                   here
                   set
                   down
                   the
                   true
                   process
                   of
                   making
                   all
                   sorts
                   and
                   sizes
                   under
                   Mould-shot
                   .
                
                 
                   Take
                   what
                   quantity
                   of
                   Lead
                   you
                   please
                   ,
                   and
                   melt
                   it
                   down
                   in
                   an
                   Iron
                   Vessel
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   it
                   melts
                   keep
                   it
                   stirring
                   with
                   an
                   Iron-Ladle
                   ,
                   and
                   clear
                   it
                   of
                   all
                   impurities
                   whatsoever
                   that
                   may
                   arise
                   at
                   the
                   top
                   by
                   skimming
                   them
                   off
                   .
                   Then
                   when
                   the
                   Lead
                   begins
                   to
                   be
                   of
                   a
                   
                   greenish
                   colour
                   ,
                   strew
                   on
                   it
                   Auripigmentum
                   finely
                   powdered
                   ,
                   as
                   much
                   as
                   will
                   lie
                   on
                   a
                   Shilling
                   to
                   12
                   pound
                   of
                   Lead
                   .
                   Then
                   stir
                   them
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Auripigmentum
                   will
                   flame
                   .
                
                 
                   Your
                   I
                   adle
                   ought
                   to
                   have
                   a
                   Notch
                   on
                   one
                   side
                   of
                   the
                   Brim
                   for
                   the
                   more
                   easie
                   pouring
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Lead
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Ladle
                   ought
                   to
                   remain
                   in
                   the
                   melted
                   Lead
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   heat
                   may
                   be
                   agreeable
                   to
                   it
                   ,
                   to
                   prevent
                   all
                   inconveniencies
                   which
                   may
                   happen
                   through
                   excess
                   of
                   heat
                   or
                   cold
                   .
                   Then
                   try
                   your
                   Lead
                   by
                   droping
                   it
                   into
                   water
                   .
                   If
                   the
                   drops
                   prove
                   round
                   ,
                   then
                   the
                   temper
                   of
                   the
                   heat
                   is
                   right
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   the
                   Shot
                   have
                   Tails
                   ,
                   then
                   there
                   is
                   want
                   both
                   of
                   heat
                   and
                   Auripigmentum
                   .
                
                 
                   Then
                   take
                   a
                   Copper-plate
                   about
                   the
                   size
                   of
                   a
                   Trencher-plate
                   ,
                   with
                   an
                   hollowness
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   about
                   three
                   inches
                   compass
                   ,
                   with
                   about
                   forty
                   holes
                   bored
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   size
                   of
                   the
                   Shot
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   cast
                   .
                   The
                   hollow
                   bottom
                   should
                   be
                   thin
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   thicker
                   the
                   brim
                   the
                   better
                   ,
                   because
                   it
                   will
                   longer
                   retain
                   the
                   heat
                   .
                   Place
                   it
                   on
                   an
                   Iron
                   frame
                   over
                   a
                   Bucket
                   of
                   water
                   ,
                   about
                   four
                   Inches
                   from
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   spread
                   burning
                   Coals
                   on
                   the
                   plate
                   to
                   keep
                   the
                   Lead
                   melted
                   upon
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   Then
                   take
                   up
                   some
                   Lead
                   and
                   pour
                   it
                   gently
                   on
                   the
                   Coals
                   on
                   the
                   plate
                   ,
                   and
                   it
                   will
                   force
                   its
                   way
                   through
                   the
                   holes
                   into
                   the
                   water
                   ,
                   and
                   form
                   it self
                   into
                   Shot
                   .
                   Thus
                   do
                   till
                   all
                   your
                   Lead
                   be
                   run
                   through
                   the
                   holes
                   of
                   the
                   plate
                   :
                   observing
                   to
                   keep
                   your
                   Coals
                   alive
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Lead
                   may
                   not
                   cool
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   stop
                   up
                   the
                   holes
                   .
                   Whilst
                   you
                   are
                   casting
                   your
                   Shot
                   ,
                   another
                   person
                   may
                   catch
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   Shot
                   with
                   another
                   Ladle
                   ,
                   placed
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   inches
                   (
                   underneath
                   the
                   bottom
                   of
                   the
                   plate
                   )
                   in
                   the
                   water
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   you
                   may
                   discern
                   if
                   there
                   are
                   any
                   defects
                   in
                   your
                   process
                   ,
                   and
                   rectifie
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   chief
                   business
                   is
                   to
                   keep
                   your
                   Lead
                   in
                   a
                   just
                   degree
                   of
                   heat
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   be
                   not
                   so
                   cold
                   as
                   to
                   fill
                   up
                   the
                   holes
                   ,
                   nor
                   so
                   hot
                   as
                   to
                   make
                   the
                   Shot
                   crack
                   .
                   To
                   remedy
                   
                   the
                   coolness
                   of
                   your
                   Lead
                   and
                   plate
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   blow
                   your
                   Coals
                   ;
                   to
                   remedy
                   the
                   beat
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   refrain
                   working
                   till
                   it
                   be
                   cool
                   enough
                   ,
                   observing
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   cooler
                   your
                   Lead
                   ,
                   the
                   larger
                   your
                   Shot
                   ;
                   the
                   hotter
                   ,
                   the
                   smaller
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   cast
                   your
                   Shot
                   ,
                   take
                   them
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   water
                   and
                   dry
                   them
                   over
                   the
                   fire
                   with
                   a
                   gentle
                   heat
                   ,
                   and
                   be
                   sure
                   to
                   keep
                   them
                   continually
                   stirred
                   that
                   they
                   melt
                   not
                   .
                   When
                   they
                   are
                   dry
                   you
                   are
                   to
                   separate
                   the
                   great
                   Shot
                   from
                   the
                   small
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   help
                   of
                   Sieves
                   made
                   on
                   purpose
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   their
                   several
                   sizes
                   .
                   If
                   you
                   would
                   have
                   very
                   large
                   Shot
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   with
                   a
                   stick
                   force
                   the
                   Lead
                   to
                   trickle
                   out
                   of
                   your
                   Ladle
                   into
                   the
                   water
                   without
                   the
                   plate
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   it
                   stop
                   on
                   the
                   plate
                   ,
                   and
                   yet
                   the
                   plate
                   be
                   not
                   too
                   cool
                   ,
                   give
                   but
                   the
                   plate
                   a
                   little
                   knock
                   ,
                   and
                   it
                   will
                   run
                   again
                   .
                   Take
                   care
                   that
                   none
                   of
                   your
                   Instruments
                   be
                   greasie
                   .
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   separated
                   your
                   Shot
                   ,
                   if
                   any
                   prove
                   too
                   large
                   for
                   your
                   purpose
                   ,
                   or
                   any
                   ways
                   imperfect
                   ,
                   't
                   is
                   only
                   your
                   pains
                   lost
                   ,
                   and
                   it
                   will
                   serve
                   again
                   at
                   your
                   next
                   operation
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   shooting
                   ,
                   observe
                   always
                   to
                   shoot
                   with
                   the
                   wind
                   ,
                   if
                   possible
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   against
                   it
                   ;
                   and
                   rather
                   side-ways
                   ,
                   or
                   behind
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   than
                   full
                   in
                   their
                   faces
                   .
                
                 
                   Next
                   ,
                   observe
                   to
                   chuse
                   the
                   most
                   convenient
                   shelter
                   you
                   can
                   find
                   ,
                   as
                   either
                   Hedge
                   ,
                   Bank
                   ,
                   Tree
                   ,
                   or
                   any
                   thing
                   else
                   which
                   may
                   abscond
                   you
                   from
                   the
                   view
                   of
                   the
                   Fowl.
                   
                
                 
                   Be
                   sure
                   to
                   have
                   your
                   Dog
                   at
                   your
                   heels
                   under
                   good
                   command
                   ,
                   not
                   daring
                   to
                   stir
                   till
                   you
                   bid
                   him
                   ,
                   having
                   first
                   discharged
                   your
                   Piece
                   :
                   for
                   some
                   ill-taught
                   Dogs
                   will
                   upon
                   the
                   snap
                   of
                   the
                   Cock
                   presently
                   rush
                   out
                   ,
                   and
                   spoil
                   all
                   the
                   sport
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   if
                   you
                   have
                   not
                   shelter
                   enough
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   the
                   nakedness
                   of
                   the
                   Banks
                   and
                   want
                   of
                   Trees
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   creep
                   upon
                   your
                   hands
                   and
                   knees
                   under
                   the
                   Banks
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   lying
                   even
                   flat
                   upon
                   your
                   Belly
                   ,
                   put
                   the
                   nose
                   of
                   your
                   Piece
                   over
                   the
                   Bank
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   take
                   your
                   level
                   ;
                   for
                   a
                   Fowl
                   is
                   so
                   fearful
                   of
                   man
                   ,
                   that
                   though
                   an
                   Hawk
                   were
                   soaring
                   over
                   her
                   head
                   ,
                   yet
                   at
                   the
                   sight
                   of
                   a
                   man
                   she
                   would
                   betake
                   her self
                   to
                   her
                   wing
                   ,
                   and
                   run
                   the
                   risque
                   of
                   that
                   danger
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   sometime
                   it
                   so
                   happeneth
                   that
                   the
                   Fowl
                   are
                   so
                   shie
                   ,
                   there
                   is
                   no
                   getting
                   a
                   shoot
                   at
                   them
                   without
                   a
                   Stalking-horse
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   some
                   old
                   Jade
                   trained
                   up
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   ,
                   who
                   will
                   gently
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   you
                   will
                   have
                   him
                   ,
                   walk
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   in
                   the
                   water
                   which
                   way
                   you
                   please
                   flodding
                   and
                   eating
                   on
                   the
                   Grass
                   that
                   grows
                   therein
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   must
                   shelter
                   your self
                   and
                   Gun
                   behind
                   his
                   foreshoulder
                   ,
                   bending
                   your
                   body
                   down
                   low
                   by
                   his
                   side
                   ,
                   and
                   keeping
                   his
                   body
                   still
                   full
                   between
                   you
                   and
                   the
                   Fowl
                   :
                   being
                   within
                   shot
                   ,
                   take
                   your
                   level
                   from
                   before
                   the
                   forepart
                   of
                   the
                   Horse
                   ,
                   shooting
                   as
                   it
                   were
                   between
                   the
                   horses
                   Neck
                   and
                   the
                   water
                   ;
                   which
                   is
                   much
                   better
                   than
                   shooting
                   under
                   his
                   Belly
                   ,
                   being
                   more
                   secure
                   ,
                   and
                   less
                   perceiveable
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   to
                   supply
                   the
                   want
                   of
                   a
                   Stalking-horse
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   take
                   up
                   a
                   great
                   deal
                   of
                   time
                   to
                   instruct
                   and
                   make
                   fit
                   for
                   this
                   exercise
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   make
                   one
                   of
                   any
                   pieces
                   of
                   old
                   Canyas
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   shape
                   into
                   the
                   form
                   of
                   an
                   Horse
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   head
                   bending
                   downwards
                   as
                   if
                   he
                   grazed
                   .
                   You
                   may
                   stuff
                   it
                   with
                   any
                   light
                   matter
                   ;
                   and
                   do
                   not
                   forget
                   to
                   paint
                   it
                   of
                   the
                   colour
                   of
                   an
                   horse
                   ,
                   of
                   which
                   the
                   brown
                   is
                   the
                   best
                   ;
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   let
                   it
                   be
                   fix'd
                   to
                   a
                   Staff
                   with
                   a
                   sharp
                   Iron
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   ,
                   to
                   stick
                   into
                   the
                   ground
                   as
                   you
                   shall
                   see
                   occasion
                   ,
                   standing
                   fast
                   whilst
                   you
                   take
                   your
                   level
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   must
                   be
                   made
                   so
                   portable
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   bear
                   it
                   with
                   ease
                   in
                   one
                   hand
                   ,
                   moving
                   it
                   so
                   as
                   it
                   may
                   seem
                   to
                   graze
                   as
                   you
                   go
                   .
                   Let
                   the
                   stature
                   of
                   your
                   artificial
                   Stalking-horse
                   be
                   neither
                   too
                   low
                   nor
                   too
                   high
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   
                   one
                   will
                   not
                   abscond
                   your
                   body
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   other
                   will
                   be
                   apt
                   to
                   frighten
                   the
                   Fowl.
                   
                
                 
                   Instead
                   of
                   this
                   Stalking-horse
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   fashion
                   out
                   of
                   Canvas
                   painted
                   an
                   Ox
                   or
                   Cow
                   :
                   and
                   this
                   change
                   is
                   necessary
                   ,
                   when
                   you
                   have
                   so
                   beaten
                   the
                   Fowl
                   with
                   your
                   Stalking-horse
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   begin
                   to
                   find
                   your
                   deceit
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   no
                   longer
                   endure
                   it
                   ,
                   (
                   as
                   it
                   frequently
                   falls
                   out
                   .
                   )
                   Then
                   you
                   may
                   stalk
                   with
                   an
                   Ox
                   or
                   Cow
                   ,
                   till
                   the
                   Stalking-horse
                   be
                   forgotten
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   this
                   means
                   make
                   your
                   sport
                   lasting
                   and
                   continual
                   .
                
                 
                   Some
                   there
                   are
                   that
                   stalk
                   with
                   Stags
                   or
                   Red-Deer
                   form'd
                   out
                   of
                   painted
                   Canvas
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   natural
                   Horns
                   of
                   Stags
                   fixt
                   thereon
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   colour
                   so
                   lively
                   painted
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Fowl
                   cannot
                   discern
                   the
                   fallacy
                   ;
                   and
                   these
                   are
                   very
                   useful
                   in
                   low
                   Fenny
                   grounds
                   ,
                   where
                   any
                   such
                   Deer
                   do
                   usually
                   feed
                   ;
                   and
                   are
                   more
                   familiar
                   with
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   feed
                   nearer
                   them
                   than
                   Ox
                   ,
                   Horse
                   ,
                   or
                   Cow
                   :
                   by
                   which
                   means
                   you
                   shall
                   come
                   within
                   a
                   far
                   nearer
                   distance
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   other
                   dead
                   Engines
                   to
                   stalk
                   withal
                   ,
                   as
                   an
                   artificial
                   Tree
                   ,
                   Shrub
                   ,
                   or
                   Bush
                   ,
                   which
                   may
                   be
                   made
                   of
                   small
                   Wands
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   painted
                   Canvas
                   made
                   into
                   the
                   shape
                   of
                   a
                   Willow
                   ,
                   Poplar
                   ,
                   or
                   such
                   Trees
                   as
                   grow
                   by
                   Rivers
                   and
                   Water-sides
                   ;
                   for
                   these
                   are
                   the
                   best
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   stalk
                   with
                   a
                   Shrub
                   or
                   Bush
                   ,
                   let
                   them
                   not
                   be
                   so
                   tall
                   as
                   your
                   Tree
                   ,
                   but
                   much
                   thicker
                   ;
                   which
                   you
                   may
                   make
                   either
                   of
                   one
                   entire
                   Bush
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   divers
                   Bushes
                   interwoven
                   one
                   with
                   another
                   ,
                   either
                   with
                   small
                   Withy-wands
                   ,
                   Cord
                   ,
                   or
                   Pack-thread
                   ,
                   that
                   may
                   not
                   be
                   discerned
                   :
                   and
                   let
                   not
                   your
                   Bush
                   exceed
                   the
                   height
                   of
                   a
                   man
                   ,
                   but
                   be
                   thicker
                   than
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   Spike
                   at
                   the
                   bottom
                   to
                   stick
                   into
                   the
                   ground
                   whilst
                   you
                   take
                   your
                   level
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   Land
                   fowl
                   by
                   day
                   or
                   night
                   .
                
                 
                   SInce
                   the
                   dissolution
                   and
                   spoil
                   of
                   Paradise
                   ,
                   no
                   man
                   hath
                   either
                   seen
                   ,
                   or
                   can
                   give
                   the
                   names
                   of
                   all
                   Land-fowl
                   whatever
                   ,
                   there
                   being
                   such
                   great
                   variety
                   ,
                   every
                   Country
                   producing
                   some
                   particular
                   sorts
                   which
                   are
                   unknown
                   to
                   other
                   Nations
                   .
                
                 
                   To
                   avoid
                   prolixity
                   ,
                   I
                   shall
                   rank
                   them
                   under
                   two
                   heads
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   are
                   such
                   who
                   are
                   either
                   fit
                   for
                   Food
                   or
                   Pleasure
                   ,
                   either
                   for
                   eating
                   or
                   singing
                   :
                   for
                   eating
                   ,
                   Pigeons
                   of
                   all
                   sorts
                   .
                   
                     Rook
                     ,
                     Pheasant
                     ,
                     Partridge
                     ,
                     Quails
                     ,
                     Rail
                     ,
                     Felfares
                     ,
                  
                   &c.
                   and
                   for
                   eating
                   or
                   singing
                   ,
                   the
                   
                     Blackbird
                     ,
                     Throstle
                     ,
                     Nightingale
                     ,
                     Linnet
                     ,
                     Lark
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   Bull-finch
                   .
                
                 
                   Secondly
                   ,
                   such
                   as
                   are
                   for
                   Pleasure
                   onely
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   are
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   birds
                   of
                   Prey
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Castrels
                     ,
                     Ring-tails
                     ,
                     Buzzards
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   general
                   way
                   of
                   taking
                   these
                   Land-fowl
                   of
                   several
                   sorts
                   together
                   ,
                   is
                   either
                   by
                   day
                   or
                   by
                   night
                   .
                   If
                   by
                   day
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   done
                   with
                   the
                   great
                   Net
                   ,
                   commonly
                   called
                   the
                   Crow-net
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   at
                   all
                   differs
                   in
                   length
                   ,
                   depth
                   ,
                   bigness
                   of
                   Mesh
                   ,
                   manner
                   of
                   laying
                   ,
                   &c.
                   from
                   the
                   Plovernet
                   ;
                   onely
                   it
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   amiss
                   if
                   the
                   Cords
                   be
                   longer
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Net
                   you
                   may
                   lay
                   before
                   Barn-doors
                   ,
                   or
                   where
                   Corn
                   hath
                   been
                   winnowed
                   ,
                   also
                   in
                   Stubble-fields
                   ,
                   so
                   concealing
                   the
                   Net
                   that
                   the
                   Fowl
                   may
                   not
                   discern
                   the
                   Snare
                   .
                   When
                   you
                   perceive
                   a
                   quantity
                   within
                   the
                   Net
                   scraping
                   for
                   food
                   ,
                   and
                   you
                   lie
                   concealed
                   afar
                   off
                   ,
                   with
                   your
                   Cord
                   in
                   your
                   hand
                   suddenly
                   pull
                   the
                   Net
                   over
                   upon
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   may
                   do
                   well
                   to
                   take
                   notice
                   of
                   their
                   Morning
                   
                   and
                   Evening
                   Haunts
                   ,
                   to
                   worm
                   and
                   feed
                   upon
                   the
                   Greenswarth
                   ;
                   and
                   here
                   lay
                   your
                   Net
                   ,
                   and
                   it
                   will
                   prove
                   as
                   effectual
                   as
                   in
                   other
                   places
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   you
                   observe
                   to
                   abscond
                   your self
                   in
                   some
                   Covert
                   so
                   as
                   not
                   to
                   be
                   descried
                   :
                   in
                   the
                   next
                   place
                   ,
                   pull
                   not
                   too
                   hastily
                   ,
                   but
                   wait
                   for
                   a
                   good
                   number
                   of
                   Fowl
                   within
                   the
                   Net
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   pull
                   freely
                   and
                   quickly
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   least
                   deliberation
                   after
                   the
                   Net
                   is
                   raised
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   ruine
                   of
                   your
                   design
                   .
                
                 
                   Thus
                   much
                   for
                   Day-fowling
                   with
                   the
                   Net
                   :
                   now
                   if
                   you
                   will
                   prosecute
                   your
                   sport
                   by
                   Night
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   do
                   it
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   nature
                   and
                   manner
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   ,
                   or
                   situation
                   or
                   fashion
                   of
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   whether
                   Woody
                   ,
                   Mountainous
                   ,
                   or
                   Champain
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   plain
                   and
                   Champain
                   Countries
                   you
                   must
                   use
                   the
                   Low-bell
                   ,
                   from
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   October
                   until
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   March
                   ;
                   and
                   this
                   method
                   you
                   must
                   follow
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   day
                   being
                   shut
                   in
                   ,
                   the
                   air
                   mild
                   without
                   Moon-shine
                   ,
                   take
                   a
                   Low-bell
                   ,
                   (
                   which
                   must
                   have
                   a
                   deep
                   and
                   hollow
                   sound
                   ,
                   for
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   shrill
                   it
                   is
                   stark
                   naught
                   )
                   and
                   with
                   it
                   a
                   Net
                   whose
                   Mesh
                   is
                   twenty
                   yards
                   deep
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   broad
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   may
                   cover
                   five
                   or
                   six
                   Lands
                   or
                   more
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   company
                   you
                   have
                   to
                   carry
                   it
                   .
                   With
                   these
                   Instruments
                   go
                   into
                   any
                   stubble
                   Corn-field
                   ,
                   but
                   Wheat
                   is
                   the
                   best
                   .
                   He
                   that
                   carries
                   the
                   Bell
                   must
                   go
                   foremost
                   ,
                   toling
                   the
                   Bell
                   as
                   he
                   goes
                   very
                   mournfully
                   ,
                   letting
                   it
                   but
                   now
                   and
                   then
                   knock
                   on
                   both
                   sides
                   :
                   after
                   him
                   must
                   follow
                   the
                   Net
                   ,
                   born
                   up
                   at
                   each
                   corner
                   and
                   on
                   each
                   side
                   by
                   several
                   persons
                   ;
                   then
                   another
                   must
                   carry
                   some
                   Iron
                   or
                   stony
                   Vessel
                   which
                   may
                   contain
                   burning
                   ,
                   but
                   not
                   blazing
                   Coals
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   these
                   you
                   must
                   light
                   bundles
                   of
                   straw
                   :
                   or
                   you
                   may
                   carry
                   Links
                   with
                   you
                   .
                   And
                   having
                   pitcht
                   your
                   Nets
                   where
                   you
                   think
                   the
                   Game
                   lies
                   ,
                   beat
                   the
                   ground
                   and
                   make
                   a
                   noise
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   the
                   Fowl
                   rise
                   they
                   will
                   be
                   entangled
                   in
                   the
                   Net.
                   Thus
                   you
                   may
                   take
                   good
                   store
                   of
                   
                     Partridge
                     ,
                     Rails
                     ,
                     Larks
                     ,
                     Quails
                     ,
                  
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   Having
                   so
                   done
                   ,
                   extinguish
                   your
                   Lights
                   ,
                   and
                   proceed
                   
                   laying
                   your
                   Net
                   in
                   some
                   other
                   place
                   as
                   before-mentioned
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   sound
                   of
                   the
                   Low-bell
                   makes
                   the
                   Birds
                   lie
                   close
                   ,
                   so
                   as
                   they
                   dare
                   not
                   stir
                   whilst
                   you
                   are
                   pitching
                   the
                   Net
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   sound
                   thereof
                   is
                   dreadful
                   to
                   them
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   sight
                   of
                   the
                   Fire
                   much
                   more
                   terrible
                   ,
                   which
                   makes
                   them
                   instantly
                   to
                   fly
                   up
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   they
                   become
                   entangled
                   in
                   the
                   Net.
                   
                
                 
                   Furthermore
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   have
                   the
                   full
                   fruition
                   of
                   your
                   sport
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   be
                   very
                   silent
                   ,
                   and
                   nothing
                   must
                   be
                   heard
                   but
                   the
                   sound
                   of
                   the
                   Low-bell
                   till
                   the
                   Net
                   is
                   placed
                   and
                   the
                   Lights
                   blazing
                   ;
                   but
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   they
                   are
                   extinguished
                   a
                   general
                   silence
                   must
                   be
                   again
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Trammel
                   is
                   much
                   like
                   this
                   Net
                   for
                   the
                   Low-bell
                   ,
                   and
                   may
                   be
                   necessarily
                   used
                   on
                   the
                   same
                   grounds
                   ;
                   onely
                   it
                   ought
                   to
                   be
                   longer
                   ,
                   though
                   not
                   much
                   broader
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   come
                   to
                   a
                   place
                   fit
                   for
                   your
                   purpose
                   where
                   Birds
                   lodge
                   on
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   you
                   shall
                   then
                   spread
                   your
                   Trammel
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ;
                   and
                   let
                   the
                   farthest
                   end
                   thereof
                   ,
                   being
                   plumb'd
                   with
                   Lead
                   ,
                   lie
                   loose
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ;
                   but
                   let
                   the
                   foremost
                   ends
                   be
                   born
                   up
                   by
                   two
                   men
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   trail
                   the
                   Net
                   along
                   ,
                   keeping
                   the
                   foremost
                   ends
                   a
                   yard
                   or
                   more
                   distance
                   from
                   the
                   ground
                   .
                
                 
                   On
                   each
                   side
                   of
                   the
                   Net
                   carry
                   Wisps
                   of
                   Straw
                   lighted
                   ,
                   or
                   Links
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   some
                   beat
                   the
                   ground
                   with
                   long
                   Poles
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   the
                   Birds
                   rise
                   under
                   the
                   Nets
                   ,
                   take
                   them
                   .
                   And
                   thus
                   you
                   may
                   continue
                   doing
                   as
                   long
                   as
                   you
                   please
                   ,
                   to
                   your
                   great
                   profit
                   and
                   pleasure
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   Of
                   BAT-FOWLING
                   .
                
                 
                   BAT-FOWLING
                   is
                   the
                   taking
                   of
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   Birds
                   ,
                   great
                   and
                   small
                   ,
                   by
                   night
                   ,
                   which
                   roost
                   in
                   Bushes
                   ,
                   Shrubs
                   ,
                   Hawthorn-trees
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   manner
                   is
                   :
                   you
                   must
                   be
                   very
                   silent
                   till
                   your
                   Lights
                   are
                   blazing
                   ,
                   and
                   you
                   may
                   either
                   carry
                   Nets
                   or
                   none
                   :
                   if
                   none
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   then
                   have
                   long
                   Poles
                   with
                   great
                   bushy
                   tops
                   fixt
                   to
                   them
                   ;
                   and
                   having
                   from
                   a
                   Cresset
                   or
                   vessel
                   to
                   carry
                   fire
                   in
                   ,
                   lighted
                   your
                   Straw
                   ,
                   or
                   other
                   blazing
                   combustible
                   matter
                   ,
                   then
                   must
                   you
                   beat
                   those
                   Bushes
                   where
                   you
                   think
                   Birds
                   are
                   at
                   roost
                   ;
                   which
                   done
                   ,
                   if
                   there
                   be
                   any
                   in
                   those
                   Bushes
                   or
                   Trees
                   ,
                   you
                   will
                   instantly
                   see
                   them
                   fly
                   about
                   the
                   Flames
                   :
                   for
                   it
                   is
                   their
                   nature
                   ,
                   through
                   their
                   amazedness
                   at
                   the
                   strangeness
                   of
                   the
                   Light
                   ,
                   and
                   extream
                   darkness
                   round
                   about
                   it
                   ,
                   not
                   to
                   depart
                   from
                   it
                   ,
                   but
                   they
                   will
                   even
                   scorch
                   their
                   Wings
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   those
                   who
                   have
                   the
                   bushy
                   Poles
                   may
                   beat
                   them
                   down
                   as
                   they
                   please
                   ,
                   and
                   take
                   them
                   up
                   .
                   Thus
                   you
                   may
                   continue
                   your
                   sport
                   as
                   long
                   as
                   it
                   is
                   very
                   dark
                   ,
                   and
                   no
                   longer
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   DAY-NET
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   to
                   take
                   Birds
                   therewith
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   Day-Net
                   is
                   generally
                   used
                   for
                   the
                   taking
                   of
                   
                     Larks
                     ,
                     Buntings
                     ,
                     Merlins
                     ,
                     Hobbies
                     ,
                  
                   or
                   any
                   Birds
                   which
                   play
                   in
                   the
                   Air
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   stoop
                   either
                   to
                   Stale
                   ,
                   Prey
                   ,
                   Gig
                   ,
                   Glass
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   like
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   season
                   for
                   these
                   Nets
                   is
                   from
                   August
                   to
                   November
                   :
                   the
                   time
                   you
                   must
                   plant
                   these
                   Nets
                   must
                   be
                   before
                   
                   Sun-rising
                   .
                   Where
                   note
                   ,
                   the
                   milder
                   the
                   Air
                   ,
                   the
                   brighter
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   pleasanter
                   the
                   Morning
                   is
                   ,
                   the
                   better
                   will
                   your
                   sport
                   be
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   longer
                   continuance
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   the
                   place
                   you
                   elect
                   for
                   this
                   purpose
                   be
                   plain
                   and
                   Champain
                   ,
                   either
                   on
                   Barley-stubbles
                   ,
                   green
                   Lays
                   ,
                   or
                   level
                   and
                   flat
                   Meadows
                   ;
                   and
                   these
                   places
                   must
                   be
                   remote
                   from
                   any
                   Villages
                   ,
                   but
                   near
                   adjacent
                   to
                   Corn-fields
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fashion
                   of
                   a
                   Day-net
                   is
                   this
                   :
                   you
                   must
                   make
                   them
                   of
                   fine
                   Packthread
                   ,
                   the
                   Mesh
                   small
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   above
                   half
                   an
                   Inch
                   square
                   each
                   way
                   ;
                   let
                   the
                   length
                   be
                   about
                   three
                   fashom
                   ,
                   the
                   breadth
                   one
                   fathom
                   and
                   no
                   more
                   :
                   the
                   shape
                   is
                   like
                   the
                   Crow-net
                   ,
                   and
                   it
                   must
                   be
                   verg'd
                   about
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   with
                   a
                   strong
                   small
                   Cord
                   ,
                   add
                   the
                   two
                   ends
                   extended
                   upon
                   two
                   small
                   long
                   Poles
                   suitable
                   to
                   the
                   breadth
                   of
                   the
                   Net
                   ,
                   with
                   four
                   stakes
                   ,
                   Tail-strings
                   ,
                   and
                   Drawing-lines
                   ,
                   as
                   afore-mentioned
                   :
                   only
                   whereas
                   that
                   was
                   but
                   one
                   single
                   Net
                   ,
                   here
                   must
                   be
                   two
                   of
                   one
                   length
                   ,
                   breadth
                   and
                   fashion
                   .
                   These
                   Nets
                   must
                   be
                   laid
                   opposite
                   to
                   each
                   other
                   ,
                   yet
                   so
                   close
                   and
                   even
                   together
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   drawn
                   and
                   pulled
                   over
                   ,
                   the
                   sides
                   and
                   edges
                   may
                   meet
                   and
                   touch
                   one
                   the
                   other
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   Nets
                   being
                   staked
                   down
                   with
                   strong
                   Stakes
                   very
                   stiffly
                   on
                   their
                   Lines
                   ,
                   so
                   as
                   with
                   any
                   nimble
                   twitch
                   you
                   may
                   cast
                   them
                   to
                   and
                   fro
                   at
                   your
                   pleasure
                   ;
                   you
                   shall
                   then
                   to
                   the
                   upper
                   ends
                   of
                   the
                   foremost
                   staves
                   fasten
                   your
                   Hand
                   lines
                   or
                   drawing
                   Cords
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   at
                   the
                   least
                   a
                   dozen
                   ,
                   a
                   fathom
                   long
                   ;
                   and
                   so
                   extend
                   them
                   of
                   such
                   a
                   reasonable
                   streightness
                   ,
                   as
                   with
                   little
                   strength
                   they
                   may
                   raise
                   up
                   the
                   Nets
                   and
                   cast
                   them
                   over
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   your
                   Nets
                   are
                   laid
                   ,
                   some
                   twenty
                   or
                   thirty
                   paces
                   ,
                   beyond
                   them
                   place
                   your
                   Stales
                   ,
                   Decoys
                   ,
                   or
                   playing
                   Wantons
                   ,
                   upon
                   some
                   pearching
                   Boughs
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   not
                   only
                   entice
                   Birds
                   of
                   their
                   own
                   Feather
                   to
                   stoop
                   ,
                   but
                   
                   but
                   also
                   Hawks
                   and
                   Birds
                   of
                   Prey
                   to
                   swoop
                   into
                   your
                   Nets
                   .
                
                 
                   Remember
                   to
                   keep
                   the
                   first
                   half
                   dozen
                   you
                   take
                   alive
                   for
                   Stales
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   that
                   end
                   have
                   a
                   Cage
                   or
                   Linnen-bag
                   to
                   put
                   them
                   in
                   :
                   The
                   rest
                   squeez
                   in
                   the
                   hinder-part
                   of
                   the
                   head
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   kill
                   them
                   .
                   And
                   thus
                   do
                   every
                   day
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   taking
                   small
                   Birds
                   which
                   use
                   Hedges
                   and
                   Bushes
                   with
                   Lime-twigs
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   great
                   Lime-bush
                   is
                   best
                   for
                   this
                   use
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   make
                   after
                   this
                   manner
                   :
                   Cut
                   down
                   the
                   main
                   Arm
                   or
                   chief
                   Bough
                   of
                   any
                   bushy
                   Tree
                   ,
                   whose
                   branches
                   or
                   Twigs
                   are
                   long
                   ,
                   thick
                   ,
                   smooth
                   and
                   straight
                   ,
                   without
                   either
                   pricks
                   or
                   knots
                   ;
                   of
                   which
                   the
                   Willow
                   or
                   Birch-tree
                   are
                   the
                   best
                   :
                   when
                   you
                   have
                   pickt
                   it
                   and
                   trimm'd
                   it
                   from
                   all
                   superfluity
                   ,
                   making
                   the
                   Twigs
                   neat
                   and
                   clean
                   ;
                   take
                   then
                   of
                   the
                   best
                   Bird-lime
                   ,
                   well
                   mixed
                   and
                   wrought
                   together
                   with
                   Goose-greace
                   or
                   Capon's-greace
                   ,
                   which
                   being
                   warmed
                   ,
                   lime
                   every
                   Twig
                   therewith
                   within
                   four
                   fingers
                   of
                   the
                   bottom
                   .
                   The
                   body
                   ,
                   from
                   whence
                   the
                   branches
                   have
                   their
                   rise
                   ,
                   must
                   be
                   untouch'd
                   with
                   Lime
                   .
                
                 
                   Be
                   sure
                   you
                   do
                   not
                   dawb
                   you
                   Twigs
                   with
                   too
                   much
                   Lime
                   ,
                   for
                   that
                   will
                   give
                   distaste
                   to
                   the
                   Birds
                   ;
                   yet
                   let
                   none
                   want
                   its
                   proportion
                   ,
                   or
                   have
                   any
                   part
                   left
                   bare
                   which
                   ought
                   to
                   be
                   toucht
                   :
                   for
                   ,
                   as
                   too
                   much
                   will
                   deter
                   them
                   from
                   coming
                   ,
                   so
                   too
                   little
                   will
                   not
                   hold
                   them
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   there
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   so
                   done
                   ,
                   place
                   your
                   Bush
                   on
                   some
                   Quick-set
                   or
                   dead
                   Hedge
                   neer
                   unto
                   Towns-ends
                   ,
                   back-yards
                   ,
                   old
                   houses
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   like
                   ;
                   for
                   these
                   are
                   the
                   resort
                   of
                   small
                   Birds
                   in
                   the
                   Spring-time
                   :
                   in
                   the
                   Summer
                   and
                   Harvest
                   in
                   Groves
                   ,
                   Bushes
                   ,
                   White-thorn-trees
                   ,
                   Quick-set-hedges
                   
                   neer
                   Corn-fields
                   ,
                   Fruit-trees
                   ,
                   Flax
                   and
                   Hemp-lands
                   ;
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   winter
                   about
                   Houses
                   ,
                   Hovels
                   ,
                   Barns
                   ,
                   Stacks
                   ,
                   or
                   those
                   places
                   where
                   stand
                   ricks
                   of
                   Corn
                   ,
                   or
                   scattered
                   Chaff
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   As
                   near
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   to
                   any
                   of
                   these
                   haunts
                   plant
                   your
                   Lime-bush
                   ,
                   and
                   plant
                   your self
                   also
                   at
                   a
                   convenient
                   distance
                   undiscovered
                   ,
                   imitating
                   with
                   your
                   mouth
                   the
                   several
                   Notes
                   of
                   Birds
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   learn
                   by
                   frequent
                   practice
                   ,
                   walking
                   the
                   Fields
                   for
                   that
                   very
                   purpose
                   often
                   ,
                   observing
                   the
                   variety
                   of
                   several
                   birds
                   sounds
                   ,
                   especially
                   such
                   as
                   they
                   call
                   one
                   another
                   by
                   .
                   I
                   have
                   known
                   some
                   so
                   expert
                   herein
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   could
                   imitate
                   the
                   Notes
                   of
                   twenty
                   several
                   sorts
                   of
                   Birds
                   at
                   least
                   ,
                   by
                   which
                   they
                   have
                   caught
                   ten
                   Birds
                   to
                   anothers
                   one
                   that
                   was
                   ignorant
                   therein
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   if
                   you
                   cannot
                   attain
                   to
                   it
                   by
                   your
                   industry
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   then
                   buy
                   a
                   Bird-call
                   ,
                   of
                   which
                   there
                   are
                   several
                   sorts
                   ,
                   and
                   easie
                   to
                   be
                   framed
                   ,
                   some
                   of
                   Wood
                   ,
                   some
                   of
                   Horn
                   ,
                   some
                   of
                   Cane
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   like
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   first
                   learned
                   how
                   to
                   use
                   this
                   Call
                   ,
                   you
                   shall
                   sit
                   and
                   call
                   the
                   Birds
                   unto
                   you
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   any
                   of
                   them
                   light
                   on
                   your
                   Bush
                   ,
                   step
                   not
                   to
                   them
                   till
                   you
                   see
                   them
                   sufficiently
                   entangled
                   :
                   Neither
                   is
                   it
                   requisite
                   to
                   run
                   for
                   every
                   single
                   Bird
                   ,
                   but
                   let
                   them
                   alone
                   till
                   more
                   come
                   ,
                   for
                   their
                   fluttering
                   is
                   as
                   good
                   as
                   a
                   Stale
                   to
                   entice
                   more
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Exercise
                   you
                   may
                   use
                   from
                   Sun-Rising
                   till
                   ten
                   a
                   clock
                   in
                   the
                   Morning
                   ,
                   and
                   from
                   one
                   till
                   almost
                   Sun-set
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   may
                   take
                   these
                   small
                   Birds
                   with
                   Lime-twigs
                   onely
                   ,
                   without
                   the
                   Bush.
                   When
                   I
                   was
                   a
                   boy
                   ,
                   I
                   have
                   taken
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   hundred
                   small
                   Twigs
                   about
                   the
                   bigness
                   of
                   Rushes
                   ,
                   and
                   about
                   three
                   Inches
                   long
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   gone
                   with
                   them
                   into
                   a
                   field
                   where
                   were
                   Hemp-cocks
                   ;
                   upon
                   the
                   tops
                   of
                   half
                   a
                   score
                   ,
                   lying
                   all
                   round
                   together
                   ,
                   I
                   have
                   stuck
                   my
                   Twigs
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   have
                   gone
                   
                   and
                   beat
                   that
                   field
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   next
                   to
                   it
                   ,
                   where
                   I
                   saw
                   any
                   Birds
                   ;
                   and
                   commonly
                   in
                   such
                   fields
                   there
                   are
                   infinite
                   numbers
                   of
                   Linnets
                   and
                   Green-birds
                   which
                   are
                   great
                   lovers
                   of
                   Hemp-seed
                   .
                   I
                   say
                   ,
                   they
                   fly
                   in
                   such
                   vast
                   flocks
                   ,
                   I
                   have
                   caught
                   at
                   one
                   fall
                   of
                   them
                   upon
                   the
                   Cocks
                   eight
                   dozen
                   at
                   a
                   time
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   to
                   return
                   ,
                   there
                   is
                   a
                   pretty
                   way
                   of
                   taking
                   Birds
                   with
                   Lime-twigs
                   ,
                   by
                   placing
                   near
                   them
                   a
                   Stale
                   or
                   two
                   made
                   of
                   living
                   Night-baits
                   ,
                   placing
                   them
                   aloft
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   may
                   be
                   visible
                   to
                   the
                   Birds
                   thereabouts
                   ;
                   which
                   will
                   no
                   sooner
                   be
                   perceived
                   ,
                   but
                   every
                   Bird
                   will
                   come
                   and
                   gaze
                   ,
                   wondering
                   at
                   the
                   strangeness
                   of
                   the
                   sight
                   :
                   then
                   they
                   having
                   no
                   other
                   convenient
                   lighting-place
                   but
                   where
                   the
                   Lime-twigs
                   are
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   take
                   what
                   number
                   you
                   list
                   of
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   the
                   Owl
                   is
                   a
                   far
                   better
                   Stale
                   than
                   the
                   Bat
                   ,
                   being
                   bigger
                   ,
                   and
                   more
                   easily
                   to
                   be
                   perceived
                   ;
                   besides
                   ,
                   he
                   is
                   never
                   seen
                   abroad
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   is
                   followed
                   and
                   persecuted
                   by
                   all
                   the
                   birds
                   near
                   adjacent
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   have
                   not
                   a
                   living
                   Bat
                   or
                   Owl
                   ,
                   their
                   skins
                   will
                   serve
                   as
                   well
                   being
                   stuffed
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   last
                   you
                   twenty
                   years
                   .
                   There
                   are
                   some
                   have
                   used
                   an
                   Owl
                   cut
                   in
                   Wood
                   ,
                   and
                   naturally
                   painted
                   ,
                   with
                   wonderful
                   success
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   strange
                   to
                   me
                   that
                   this
                   Bird
                   above
                   all
                   others
                   should
                   be
                   so
                   persecuted
                   by
                   all
                   Birds
                   whatsoever
                   ,
                   especially
                   by
                   the
                   Goose
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   some
                   arch
                   Cracks
                   in
                   Lincoln-shire
                   and
                   other
                   places
                   where
                   are
                   great
                   quantities
                   of
                   Geese
                   ,
                   observing
                   their
                   tempers
                   ,
                   have
                   made
                   great
                   advantage
                   of
                   them
                   ;
                   for
                   by
                   only
                   throwing
                   a
                   live
                   Owl
                   among
                   a
                   flock
                   of
                   Geese
                   ,
                   they
                   got
                   as
                   many
                   Quills
                   as
                   they
                   knew
                   what
                   to
                   do
                   with
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   Geese
                   endeavouring
                   to
                   beat
                   the
                   Owl
                   with
                   their
                   wings
                   ,
                   never
                   left
                   till
                   they
                   did
                   beat
                   the
                   Quills
                   out
                   of
                   their
                   wings
                   ,
                   and
                   commonly
                   the
                   best
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   Seconds
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   the
                   best
                   sort
                   of
                   Bird-lime
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   to
                   use
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   TAke
                   at
                   Midsummer
                   the
                   bark
                   of
                   Holly
                   ,
                   and
                   pill
                   it
                   from
                   the
                   Tree
                   ,
                   so
                   much
                   as
                   will
                   fill
                   a
                   reasonable
                   big
                   Vessel
                   ;
                   then
                   put
                   to
                   it
                   running
                   Water
                   ,
                   and
                   set
                   it
                   over
                   the
                   fire
                   ,
                   and
                   boil
                   it
                   till
                   the
                   grey
                   and
                   white
                   bark
                   rise
                   from
                   the
                   green
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   take
                   up
                   sixteen
                   hours
                   in
                   the
                   boiling
                   :
                   then
                   take
                   it
                   from
                   the
                   fire
                   ,
                   and
                   separate
                   the
                   barks
                   after
                   the
                   water
                   is
                   very
                   well
                   drain'd
                   away
                   :
                   then
                   take
                   all
                   the
                   green
                   bark
                   ,
                   and
                   lay
                   it
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   in
                   a
                   close
                   place
                   and
                   moist
                   floor
                   ,
                   and
                   cover
                   it
                   over
                   with
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   green
                   Weeds
                   ,
                   as
                   Hemlock
                   ,
                   Docks
                   ,
                   Thistles
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   like
                   ;
                   thus
                   let
                   it
                   lie
                   ten
                   or
                   twelve
                   days
                   ,
                   in
                   which
                   time
                   it
                   will
                   rot
                   ,
                   and
                   turn
                   to
                   a
                   filthy
                   slimy
                   matter
                   .
                   Then
                   take
                   it
                   and
                   put
                   it
                   into
                   a
                   Mortar
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   beat
                   it
                   till
                   it
                   become
                   universally
                   thick
                   and
                   tough
                   ,
                   without
                   the
                   discerning
                   of
                   any
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   bark
                   or
                   other
                   substance
                   ;
                   then
                   take
                   it
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Mortar
                   ,
                   and
                   carry
                   it
                   to
                   a
                   running
                   Stream
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   wash
                   it
                   exceedingly
                   ,
                   not
                   leaving
                   any
                   more
                   or
                   foulness
                   within
                   it
                   ;
                   then
                   put
                   it
                   up
                   in
                   a
                   very
                   close
                   Earthen
                   pot
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   it
                   stand
                   and
                   purge
                   for
                   divers
                   days
                   together
                   ,
                   scumming
                   it
                   as
                   often
                   as
                   any
                   foulness
                   arises
                   for
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   days
                   :
                   when
                   you
                   perceive
                   no
                   more
                   Scum
                   ,
                   you
                   shall
                   then
                   take
                   it
                   out
                   of
                   that
                   Pot
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   it
                   into
                   another
                   clean
                   Earthen
                   Vessel
                   ,
                   cover
                   it
                   close
                   ,
                   and
                   keep
                   it
                   for
                   your
                   use
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   are
                   about
                   to
                   use
                   your
                   Lime
                   ,
                   take
                   what
                   quantity
                   you
                   think
                   fit
                   and
                   put
                   it
                   into
                   a
                   Pipkin
                   ,
                   adding
                   thereto
                   a
                   third
                   part
                   of
                   Goose-greace
                   or
                   Capons-greace
                   finely
                   clarified
                   ,
                   and
                   set
                   them
                   over
                   a
                   gentle
                   fire
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   let
                   them
                   melt
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   stir
                   them
                   continually
                   till
                   they
                   are
                   well
                   incorporated
                   :
                   then
                   take
                   it
                   from
                   the
                   fire
                   ,
                   and
                   stir
                   it
                   till
                   it
                   be
                   cold
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   When
                   your
                   Lime
                   is
                   cold
                   ,
                   take
                   your
                   Rods
                   and
                   warm
                   them
                   a
                   little
                   over
                   the
                   fire
                   ;
                   then
                   take
                   your
                   Lime
                   and
                   wind
                   it
                   about
                   the
                   tops
                   of
                   your
                   Rods
                   ,
                   then
                   draw
                   your
                   Rods
                   a
                   sunder
                   one
                   from
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   and
                   close
                   them
                   again
                   ,
                   continually
                   plying
                   and
                   working
                   them
                   together
                   ,
                   till
                   by
                   smearing
                   one
                   upon
                   another
                   ,
                   you
                   have
                   equally
                   bestowed
                   on
                   each
                   Rod
                   a
                   sufficient
                   proportion
                   of
                   Lime
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   lime
                   any
                   Strings
                   ,
                   do
                   it
                   when
                   the
                   Lime
                   is
                   very
                   hot
                   and
                   at
                   the
                   thinnest
                   ,
                   besmearing
                   the
                   Strings
                   on
                   all
                   sides
                   ,
                   by
                   folding
                   them
                   together
                   and
                   unfolding
                   them
                   again
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   lime
                   Straws
                   ,
                   it
                   must
                   be
                   done
                   likewise
                   when
                   the
                   Lime
                   is
                   very
                   hot
                   ,
                   doing
                   a
                   great
                   quantity
                   together
                   ,
                   as
                   many
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   well
                   grasp
                   in
                   your
                   hand
                   ,
                   tossing
                   and
                   working
                   them
                   before
                   the
                   fire
                   till
                   they
                   are
                   all
                   besmear'd
                   ,
                   every
                   Straw
                   having
                   his
                   due
                   proportion
                   of
                   Lime
                   :
                   having
                   so
                   done
                   ,
                   put
                   them
                   up
                   in
                   cases
                   of
                   Leather
                   till
                   you
                   have
                   occasion
                   to
                   use
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   to
                   prevent
                   the
                   freezing
                   of
                   your
                   Lime
                   either
                   as
                   it
                   is
                   on
                   Twigs
                   ,
                   Bushes
                   ,
                   or
                   Straws
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   adde
                   a
                   quarter
                   as
                   much
                   of
                   the
                   Oyl
                   called
                   Petroleum
                   as
                   of
                   your
                   Capons-grease
                   ,
                   mix
                   them
                   well
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   work
                   it
                   on
                   your
                   Rods
                   ,
                   &c.
                   and
                   so
                   it
                   will
                   ever
                   keep
                   supple
                   ,
                   tough
                   ,
                   and
                   gentle
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   prejudiced
                   should
                   it
                   freeze
                   never
                   so
                   hard
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   best
                   and
                   most
                   Experienced
                   way
                   of
                   making
                   Water
                   .
                   Bird-lime
                   .
                
                 
                   BUy
                   what
                   quantity
                   you
                   think
                   fit
                   of
                   the
                   strongest
                   Bird-lime
                   you
                   can
                   procure
                   ,
                   and
                   wash
                   it
                   as
                   long
                   in
                   a
                   clear
                   Spring-water
                   till
                   you
                   find
                   it
                   very
                   pliable
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   hardness
                   thereof
                   removed
                   ;
                   then
                   beat
                   out
                   the
                   water
                   extraordinary
                   well
                   ,
                   till
                   you
                   cannot
                   perceive
                   a
                   drop
                   to
                   appear
                   ,
                   then
                   dry
                   it
                   well
                   ;
                   after
                   this
                   ,
                   put
                   it
                   into
                   a
                   Pot
                   made
                   of
                   Earth
                   ,
                   and
                   mingle
                   therewith
                   Capons-grease
                   
                   unsalted
                   ,
                   so
                   much
                   as
                   will
                   make
                   it
                   run
                   ;
                   then
                   adde
                   thereto
                   two
                   spoonfuls
                   of
                   strong
                   Vinegar
                   ,
                   a
                   spoonful
                   of
                   the
                   best
                   Sallet-Oyl
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   small
                   quantity
                   of
                   Venice-Turpentine
                   :
                   This
                   is
                   the
                   allowance
                   of
                   these
                   Ingredients
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   added
                   to
                   every
                   pound
                   of
                   strong
                   Bird-lime
                   ,
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   .
                   Having
                   thus
                   mingled
                   them
                   ,
                   boil
                   them
                   all
                   gently
                   together
                   over
                   a
                   small
                   fire
                   ,
                   stirring
                   it
                   continually
                   ;
                   then
                   take
                   it
                   from
                   the
                   fire
                   and
                   let
                   it
                   cool
                   :
                   When
                   at
                   any
                   time
                   you
                   have
                   occasion
                   to
                   use
                   it
                   ,
                   warm
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   anoint
                   your
                   Twigs
                   or
                   Straws
                   ,
                   or
                   any
                   other
                   small
                   things
                   ,
                   and
                   no
                   Water
                   will
                   take
                   away
                   the
                   strength
                   thereof
                   .
                   This
                   sort
                   of
                   Bird-lime
                   is
                   the
                   best
                   ,
                   especially
                   for
                   Snipes
                   and
                   Felfares
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   In
                   what
                   manner
                   a
                   man
                   may
                   take
                   Snipes
                   with
                   this
                   Bird-lime
                   :
                
                 
                   TAke
                   what
                   number
                   you
                   shall
                   think
                   most
                   expedient
                   for
                   your
                   purpose
                   ,
                   of
                   Birch-twigs
                   ,
                   and
                   lime
                   fifty
                   or
                   sixty
                   of
                   them
                   very
                   well
                   together
                   .
                   After
                   this
                   ,
                   go
                   and
                   seek
                   out
                   those
                   places
                   where
                   Snipes
                   do
                   usually
                   frequent
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   may
                   know
                   by
                   their
                   Dung.
                   
                
                 
                   In
                   very
                   hard
                   frosty
                   or
                   snowy
                   Weather
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   Water
                   lies
                   open
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   lie
                   very
                   thick
                   :
                   Having
                   observed
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   they
                   most
                   feed
                   ,
                   set
                   two
                   hundred
                   of
                   your
                   Twigs
                   ,
                   more
                   or
                   less
                   ,
                   as
                   you
                   please
                   ,
                   at
                   a
                   yard
                   distance
                   one
                   from
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   them
                   stand
                   sloaping
                   some
                   one
                   way
                   and
                   some
                   another
                   ;
                   then
                   retire
                   a
                   convenient
                   distance
                   from
                   the
                   place
                   ,
                   and
                   you
                   shall
                   find
                   there
                   shall
                   not
                   one
                   Snipe
                   in
                   ten
                   miss
                   your
                   Twigs
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   they
                   spread
                   their
                   Wings
                   ,
                   and
                   fetch
                   a
                   round
                   close
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   before
                   they
                   light
                   .
                   When
                   you
                   see
                   any
                   taken
                   ,
                   stir
                   not
                   at
                   first
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   will
                   feed
                   with
                   the
                   Twigs
                   under
                   his
                   Wings
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   others
                   come
                   over
                   the
                   place
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   be
                   a
                   means
                   to
                   entice
                   them
                   down
                   to
                   
                   him
                   .
                   When
                   you
                   see
                   the
                   Coast
                   clear
                   ,
                   and
                   but
                   few
                   that
                   are
                   not
                   taken
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   then
                   take
                   up
                   your
                   Birds
                   fastning
                   one
                   or
                   two
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   other
                   flying
                   over
                   ,
                   may
                   light
                   at
                   the
                   same
                   place
                   .
                   If
                   there
                   be
                   any
                   other
                   open
                   place
                   near
                   to
                   that
                   where
                   your
                   Twigs
                   are
                   planted
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   beat
                   them
                   up
                   :
                   The
                   reason
                   why
                   they
                   delight
                   to
                   haunt
                   open
                   places
                   ,
                   and
                   where
                   Springs
                   do
                   gently
                   run
                   ,
                   is
                   because
                   they
                   cannot
                   feed
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   their
                   Bills
                   ,
                   in
                   places
                   that
                   are
                   hard
                   and
                   stony
                   ;
                   and
                   about
                   these
                   Plashes
                   ,
                   in
                   snowy
                   Weather
                   ,
                   they
                   very
                   much
                   resort
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   manner
                   of
                   taking
                   Felfares
                   by
                   Water-Bird-lime
                   .
                
                 
                   ABout
                   Michaelmas
                   ,
                   or
                   when
                   the
                   cold
                   Weather
                   begins
                   to
                   come
                   in
                   ,
                   take
                   your
                   Gun
                   and
                   kill
                   some
                   Felfares
                   ;
                   then
                   take
                   a
                   couple
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   or
                   one
                   may
                   serve
                   ,
                   and
                   fasten
                   them
                   to
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   a
                   Tree
                   ,
                   in
                   such
                   manner
                   that
                   they
                   may
                   seem
                   to
                   be
                   alive
                   :
                   Having
                   so
                   done
                   ,
                   prepare
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   hundred
                   Twigs
                   ,
                   take
                   a
                   great
                   Birchen-bough
                   ,
                   and
                   therein
                   place
                   your
                   Twigs
                   ,
                   having
                   first
                   cut
                   off
                   all
                   the
                   small
                   Twigs
                   ;
                   then
                   set
                   a
                   Felfare
                   upon
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   the
                   bough
                   ,
                   making
                   of
                   him
                   fast
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   this
                   bough
                   be
                   planted
                   where
                   the
                   Felfares
                   do
                   resort
                   in
                   a
                   Morning
                   to
                   feed
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   keep
                   a
                   constant
                   place
                   to
                   feed
                   in
                   ,
                   till
                   there
                   is
                   no
                   more
                   food
                   left
                   .
                   By
                   this
                   means
                   others
                   flying
                   but
                   neer
                   ,
                   will
                   quickly
                   espie
                   the
                   top-bird
                   ,
                   and
                   fall
                   in
                   whole
                   flocks
                   to
                   him
                   .
                   I
                   have
                   seen
                   at
                   one
                   fall
                   three
                   dozen
                   taken
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   Pigeons
                   with
                   Lime-twigs
                   .
                
                 
                   PIgeons
                   are
                   great
                   devourers
                   and
                   destroyers
                   of
                   Corn
                   ;
                   wherefore
                   when
                   you
                   find
                   any
                   ground
                   much
                   frequented
                   
                   by
                   them
                   ,
                   get
                   a
                   couple
                   of
                   Pigeons
                   ,
                   either
                   dead
                   or
                   alive
                   ;
                   if
                   dead
                   ,
                   put
                   them
                   in
                   such
                   a
                   stiff
                   posture
                   as
                   if
                   they
                   were
                   living
                   and
                   feeding
                   ;
                   then
                   at
                   Sun-rising
                   take
                   a
                   quantity
                   of
                   Twigs
                   ,
                   as
                   many
                   as
                   you
                   think
                   fit
                   ,
                   let
                   them
                   be
                   small
                   ,
                   (
                   but
                   I
                   judge
                   Wheaten-straws
                   are
                   better
                   for
                   this
                   purpose
                   )
                   and
                   lay
                   them
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   where
                   your
                   Pigeons
                   are
                   placed
                   ,
                   and
                   you
                   shall
                   find
                   such
                   sport
                   at
                   every
                   fall
                   that
                   is
                   made
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   quickly
                   be
                   rid
                   of
                   them
                   without
                   offending
                   the
                   Statute
                   :
                   If
                   there
                   come
                   good
                   flights
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   easily
                   take
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   dozen
                   of
                   them
                   in
                   a
                   morning
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   
                     Mag-pies
                     ,
                     Crows
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Gleads
                   with
                   Lime-twigs
                   .
                
                 
                   WHen
                   you
                   have
                   found
                   any
                   Carrion
                   on
                   which
                   
                     Crows
                     ,
                     Pies
                     ,
                     Kites
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   are
                   preying
                   upon
                   ,
                   over
                   night
                   set
                   your
                   Lime-twigs
                   every
                   where
                   about
                   the
                   Carrion
                   ;
                   but
                   let
                   them
                   be
                   small
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   set
                   too
                   thick
                   ;
                   if
                   otherwise
                   ,
                   being
                   subtile
                   Birds
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   suspect
                   some
                   danger
                   or
                   mischief
                   designed
                   against
                   them
                   .
                   When
                   you
                   perceive
                   one
                   to
                   be
                   fast
                   ,
                   advance
                   not
                   to
                   him
                   presently
                   ;
                   for
                   most
                   commonly
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   surely
                   caught
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   not
                   sensible
                   thereof
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   may
                   take
                   them
                   another
                   way
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   is
                   by
                   joyning
                   to
                   a
                   Packthread
                   several
                   Nooses
                   of
                   Hair
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   the
                   Packthread
                   ,
                   and
                   peg
                   it
                   down
                   about
                   a
                   yard
                   from
                   the
                   Carrion
                   :
                   for
                   many
                   times
                   when
                   they
                   have
                   gotten
                   a
                   piece
                   of
                   Flesh
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   be
                   apt
                   to
                   run
                   away
                   to
                   feed
                   by
                   themselves
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   your
                   Nooses
                   be
                   thick
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   two
                   to
                   one
                   but
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   Nooses
                   catch
                   him
                   by
                   the
                   Legs
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   Rooks
                   when
                   they
                   pull
                   up
                   the
                   Corn
                   by
                   the
                   Roots
                   .
                
                 
                   TAke
                   some
                   thick
                   Brown-paper
                   ,
                   and
                   divide
                   a
                   sheet
                   into
                   eight
                   parts
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   them
                   up
                   like
                   Sugar-loaves
                   ;
                   then
                   lime
                   the
                   inside
                   of
                   the
                   Paper
                   a
                   very
                   little
                   ;
                   (
                   let
                   them
                   be
                   limed
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   days
                   before
                   you
                   set
                   them
                   )
                   then
                   put
                   some
                   Corn
                   in
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   lay
                   threescore
                   or
                   more
                   of
                   them
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   the
                   ground
                   ;
                   lay
                   them
                   as
                   near
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   under
                   some
                   clod
                   of
                   Earth
                   ,
                   and
                   early
                   in
                   the
                   Morning
                   before
                   they
                   come
                   to
                   feed
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   stand
                   at
                   a
                   distance
                   ,
                   and
                   you
                   will
                   see
                   most
                   excellent
                   sport
                   ;
                   for
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   
                     Rooks
                     ,
                     Crows
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Pigeons
                   come
                   to
                   peck
                   out
                   any
                   of
                   the
                   Corn
                   ,
                   it
                   will
                   hang
                   upon
                   his
                   head
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   will
                   immediately
                   fly
                   bolt
                   upright
                   so
                   high
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   shall
                   soar
                   almost
                   out
                   of
                   sight
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   he
                   is
                   spent
                   ,
                   come
                   tumbling
                   down
                   as
                   if
                   he
                   had
                   been
                   shot
                   in
                   the
                   Air.
                   You
                   may
                   take
                   them
                   at
                   Ploughing-time
                   when
                   the
                   Rooks
                   and
                   Crows
                   follow
                   the
                   Plough
                   ;
                   but
                   then
                   you
                   must
                   put
                   in
                   Worms
                   and
                   Maggots
                   of
                   the
                   largest
                   size
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   Birds
                   with
                   BAITS
                   ,
                   either
                   Land
                   or
                   Water-fowl
                   .
                
                 
                   IF
                   you
                   have
                   a
                   desire
                   to
                   take
                   
                     House-doves
                     ,
                     Stock-doves
                     ,
                     Rooks
                     ,
                     Coughs
                     ,
                  
                   or
                   any
                   other-like
                   Birds
                   ,
                   then
                   take
                   Wheat
                   ,
                   Barley
                   ,
                   Fetches
                   ,
                   Tares
                   ,
                   or
                   other
                   Grain
                   ,
                   and
                   boil
                   them
                   very
                   well
                   with
                   good
                   store
                   of
                   
                     Nux
                     vomica
                  
                   in
                   ordinary
                   running
                   water
                   :
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   almost
                   boil'd
                   ,
                   dry
                   and
                   ready
                   to
                   burst
                   ,
                   take
                   them
                   off
                   the
                   fire
                   ,
                   and
                   set
                   them
                   by
                   till
                   they
                   be
                   throughly
                   cold
                   .
                   Having
                   so
                   done
                   ,
                   scatter
                   this
                   Grain
                   in
                   the
                   Haunts
                   of
                   those
                   Birds
                   you
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   have
                   a
                   mind
                   to
                   take
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   they
                   have
                   tasted
                   hereof
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   fall
                   down
                   into
                   a
                   dead
                   swound
                   ,
                   and
                   shall
                   not
                   be
                   able
                   to
                   recover
                   themselves
                   in
                   a
                   good
                   while
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   as
                   you
                   take
                   these
                   great
                   Land-fowl
                   with
                   this
                   drunken
                   device
                   ,
                   so
                   you
                   may
                   take
                   the
                   middle
                   and
                   smaller
                   sort
                   of
                   Birds
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   observe
                   to
                   boil
                   with
                   what
                   food
                   they
                   delight
                   in
                   ,
                   a
                   quantity
                   of
                   this
                   
                     Nux
                     vomica
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   Some
                   ,
                   instead
                   of
                   
                     Nux
                     vomica
                  
                   ,
                   use
                   the
                   Lees
                   of
                   Wine
                   ,
                   the
                   sharper
                   and
                   quicker
                   they
                   are
                   ,
                   the
                   better
                   ,
                   boiling
                   their
                   Grains
                   in
                   these
                   Lees
                   ,
                   also
                   Seeds
                   or
                   any
                   other
                   food
                   ,
                   and
                   strewing
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   Haunts
                   of
                   those
                   Birds
                   you
                   would
                   surprize
                   .
                   These
                   do
                   as
                   effectually
                   as
                   
                     Nux
                     vomica
                  
                   ;
                   and
                   it
                   's
                   the
                   cleanlier
                   and
                   neater
                   way
                   ,
                   there
                   being
                   not
                   that
                   poysonous
                   quality
                   in
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   may
                   chuse
                   whether
                   you
                   will
                   boil
                   your
                   Grain
                   or
                   Seed
                   in
                   the
                   aforesaid
                   Lees
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   will
                   be
                   every
                   whit
                   as
                   effectual
                   if
                   onely
                   steeped
                   a
                   considerable
                   while
                   therein
                   ,
                   giving
                   them
                   leave
                   to
                   drink
                   in
                   the
                   Lees
                   till
                   they
                   are
                   ready
                   to
                   burst
                   before
                   you
                   use
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   Others
                   ,
                   having
                   neither
                   
                     Nux
                     vomica
                  
                   ,
                   nor
                   Wine-lees
                   ,
                   take
                   the
                   Juice
                   of
                   Hemlock
                   ,
                   and
                   steep
                   their
                   Grains
                   therein
                   ,
                   adding
                   thereto
                   some
                   Henbane-seed
                   or
                   Poppy-seed
                   ,
                   causing
                   them
                   to
                   be
                   infused
                   therein
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   days
                   ;
                   then
                   draining
                   the
                   Grain
                   or
                   Seed
                   from
                   the
                   Liquor
                   ,
                   strew
                   them
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   .
                   The
                   Birds
                   having
                   tasted
                   hereof
                   ,
                   are
                   immediately
                   taken
                   with
                   a
                   dizziness
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   continue
                   some
                   hours
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   they
                   cannot
                   flie
                   ;
                   but
                   they
                   will
                   recover
                   again
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   kill
                   them
                   not
                   .
                   If
                   you
                   intend
                   them
                   for
                   food
                   ,
                   let
                   them
                   be
                   first
                   recovered
                   .
                
                 
                   Thus
                   much
                   for
                   the
                   Land
                   ;
                   now
                   let
                   us
                   speak
                   of
                   the
                   Water-fowl
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   ready
                   way
                   by
                   Bait
                   to
                   take
                   such
                   Fowl
                   as
                   receive
                   part
                   of
                   their
                   food
                   by
                   land
                   ,
                   and
                   part
                   by
                   water
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Wild-geese
                     ,
                     Barnacle
                     ,
                     Grey-plover
                     ,
                     Mallard
                     ,
                     Curlew
                     ,
                     Shoveler
                     ,
                     Bitter
                     ,
                     Bustard
                     ,
                  
                   with
                   many
                   more
                   ;
                   I
                   say
                   ,
                   the
                   best
                   way
                   my
                   experience
                   hath
                   found
                   out
                   is
                   ,
                   to
                   take
                   Bellengeleaves
                   ,
                   
                   Roots
                   and
                   all
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   cleansed
                   them
                   very
                   well
                   ,
                   put
                   them
                   into
                   a
                   Vessel
                   of
                   clear
                   running
                   Water
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   let
                   them
                   lie
                   in
                   steep
                   twenty
                   four
                   hours
                   ;
                   then
                   never
                   shift
                   them
                   from
                   the
                   Water
                   ,
                   but
                   boil
                   them
                   together
                   till
                   the
                   Water
                   be
                   almost
                   consumed
                   :
                   then
                   take
                   it
                   off
                   ,
                   and
                   set
                   it
                   a
                   cooling
                   .
                   Then
                   take
                   a
                   quantity
                   hereof
                   ,
                   and
                   go
                   to
                   the
                   Haunts
                   of
                   any
                   of
                   the
                   aforesaid
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   spread
                   of
                   this
                   Bait
                   in
                   sundry
                   and
                   divers
                   places
                   ;
                   and
                   those
                   that
                   shall
                   taste
                   hereof
                   will
                   be
                   taken
                   with
                   the
                   like
                   drunken
                   dizziness
                   as
                   the
                   former
                   .
                   To
                   make
                   this
                   Confection
                   the
                   more
                   effectual
                   ,
                   it
                   will
                   be
                   requisite
                   to
                   adde
                   a
                   quantity
                   of
                   Brimstone
                   thereunto
                   in
                   its
                   boiling
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   recover
                   Fowl
                   thus
                   entranced
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   would
                   restore
                   any
                   of
                   these
                   entranced
                   Fowl
                   to
                   their
                   former
                   health
                   ,
                   take
                   a
                   little
                   quantity
                   of
                   Sallet-oyl
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   strength
                   and
                   bigness
                   of
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   and
                   drop
                   it
                   down
                   the
                   Throat
                   of
                   the
                   Fowl
                   ;
                   then
                   chafe
                   the
                   head
                   with
                   a
                   little
                   strong
                   White-wine-Vinegar
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Fowl
                   will
                   presently
                   recover
                   ,
                   and
                   be
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   ever
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   thus
                   much
                   for
                   taking
                   Fowl
                   of
                   all
                   sorts
                   by
                   Baits
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   A
                   most
                   excellent
                   and
                   approved
                   way
                   how
                   to
                   take
                   the
                   HERN
                   .
                
                 
                   A
                   Hern
                   is
                   as
                   great
                   a
                   devourer
                   of
                   Fish
                   as
                   any
                   is
                   ;
                   nay
                   some
                   dare
                   affirm
                   ,
                   ten
                   times
                   as
                   much
                   as
                   an
                   Otter
                   ,
                   and
                   shall
                   do
                   more
                   mischief
                   in
                   one
                   week
                   than
                   an
                   Otter
                   shall
                   do
                   in
                   three
                   months
                   :
                   for
                   I
                   have
                   been
                   told
                   by
                   one
                   that
                   hath
                   seen
                   a
                   Hern
                   that
                   hath
                   been
                   shot
                   at
                   a
                   Pond
                   ,
                   to
                   have
                   had
                   seventeen
                   Carps
                   at
                   once
                   in
                   his
                   Belly
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   will
                   digest
                   in
                   six
                   or
                   seven
                   hours
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   betake
                   
                   himself
                   to
                   fishing
                   again
                   .
                   I
                   have
                   been
                   informed
                   by
                   another
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   saw
                   a
                   Carp
                   taken
                   out
                   of
                   a
                   Hern's
                   Belly
                   which
                   was
                   nine
                   Inches
                   and
                   an
                   half
                   long
                   .
                
                 
                   Several
                   Gentlemen
                   that
                   have
                   kept
                   Herns
                   tame
                   ,
                   have
                   put
                   Fish
                   in
                   a
                   Tub
                   ,
                   and
                   tried
                   the
                   Hern
                   how
                   many
                   small
                   Roaches
                   and
                   Dace
                   he
                   would
                   eat
                   in
                   a
                   day
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   have
                   found
                   him
                   to
                   eat
                   about
                   fifty
                   in
                   a
                   day
                   ,
                   one
                   day
                   with
                   another
                   .
                
                 
                   One
                   Hern
                   that
                   haunts
                   a
                   Pond
                   ,
                   in
                   a
                   Twelvemonths
                   time
                   ,
                   shall
                   destroy
                   a
                   thousand
                   Store
                   -
                   Carps
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   Gentlemen
                   sue
                   their
                   Ponds
                   ,
                   they
                   think
                   their
                   Neighbours
                   have
                   robbed
                   them
                   ,
                   not
                   in
                   the
                   least
                   considering
                   an
                   Hern
                   is
                   able
                   to
                   devour
                   them
                   in
                   half
                   a
                   years
                   time
                   ,
                   if
                   he
                   put
                   in
                   half
                   as
                   many
                   more
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   since
                   this
                   ravenous
                   Fowl
                   is
                   so
                   destructive
                   to
                   Ponds
                   and
                   Fish
                   of
                   the
                   River
                   ,
                   it
                   will
                   be
                   very
                   necessary
                   to
                   find
                   out
                   a
                   way
                   to
                   destroy
                   that
                   ,
                   that
                   destroys
                   so
                   many
                   ;
                   which
                   may
                   be
                   done
                   in
                   this
                   manner
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   found
                   out
                   his
                   haunt
                   ,
                   get
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   small
                   Roaches
                   or
                   Dace
                   ;
                   and
                   have
                   a
                   strong
                   Hook
                   with
                   Wyre
                   to
                   it
                   ,
                   draw
                   the
                   Wyre
                   just
                   within
                   the
                   skin
                   of
                   the
                   said
                   Fish
                   ,
                   beginning
                   without
                   side
                   of
                   the
                   Gills
                   ,
                   running
                   of
                   it
                   to
                   the
                   Tail
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   the
                   Fish
                   will
                   live
                   five
                   or
                   six
                   days
                   .
                   Now
                   if
                   the
                   Fish
                   be
                   dead
                   ,
                   the
                   Hern
                   will
                   not
                   meddle
                   with
                   him
                   .
                   Let
                   not
                   your
                   Hook
                   bee
                   too
                   rank
                   ;
                   then
                   having
                   a
                   strong
                   Line
                   with
                   Silk
                   and
                   Wyre
                   ,
                   about
                   two
                   yards
                   and
                   a
                   half
                   long
                   ,
                   (
                   if
                   you
                   twist
                   not
                   Wyre
                   with
                   your
                   Silk
                   ,
                   the
                   sharpness
                   of
                   his
                   Bill
                   will
                   bite
                   it
                   in
                   two
                   immediately
                   )
                   and
                   tye
                   a
                   round
                   Stone
                   about
                   a
                   pound-weight
                   to
                   the
                   Line
                   ,
                   and
                   lay
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   Hooks
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   nights
                   you
                   shall
                   not
                   fail
                   to
                   have
                   him
                   if
                   he
                   comes
                   to
                   your
                   Pond
                   .
                   Lay
                   not
                   your
                   Hooks
                   in
                   the
                   water
                   so
                   deep
                   that
                   the
                   Hern
                   cannot
                   wade
                   unto
                   them
                   .
                   Colour
                   your
                   Line
                   of
                   a
                   dark
                   green
                   ,
                   for
                   an
                   Hern
                   is
                   a
                   subtile
                   Bird.
                   There
                   are
                   several
                   other
                   Fowl
                   devourers
                   of
                   Fish
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Kings-fisher
                     ,
                     More-hens
                     ,
                     Balcoots
                     ,
                     Cormorant
                     ,
                  
                   
                   &c.
                   but
                   none
                   like
                   the
                   Hern
                   for
                   Ponds
                   and
                   small
                   Rivers
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   PHEASANTS
                   several
                   ways
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   taking
                   of
                   Pheasants
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   performed
                   three
                   several
                   ways
                   ,
                   by
                   Nets
                   ,
                   by
                   Lime-bush
                   ,
                   or
                   else
                   by
                   other
                   particular
                   Engines
                   ,
                   which
                   shall
                   be
                   discours'd
                   of
                   hereafter
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   taking
                   of
                   Pheasants
                   with
                   Nets
                   ,
                   is
                   done
                   either
                   generally
                   ,
                   or
                   particularly
                   :
                   generally
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   whole
                   Eye
                   of
                   Pheasants
                   is
                   taken
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   the
                   old
                   Cock
                   and
                   old
                   Hen
                   with
                   all
                   their
                   Powts
                   ,
                   as
                   they
                   run
                   together
                   in
                   the
                   obscure
                   Woods
                   ;
                   or
                   particularly
                   ,
                   when
                   you
                   take
                   none
                   but
                   the
                   old
                   Pheasants
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   young
                   ,
                   being
                   of
                   an
                   age
                   fit
                   to
                   couple
                   or
                   pair
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   the
                   greater
                   facility
                   of
                   taking
                   Pheasants
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   first
                   understand
                   their
                   Haunts
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   never
                   in
                   open
                   Fields
                   ,
                   but
                   in
                   thick
                   young
                   Copses
                   well
                   grown
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   in
                   old
                   high
                   Woods
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   thus
                   found
                   out
                   their
                   Coverts
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   solitary
                   and
                   untraced
                   by
                   Men
                   or
                   Cattel
                   ,
                   the
                   next
                   thing
                   will
                   be
                   how
                   to
                   find
                   out
                   the
                   Eye
                   or
                   Brood
                   of
                   Pheasants
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   way
                   ,
                   is
                   by
                   going
                   into
                   these
                   young
                   Copses
                   ,
                   and
                   carefully
                   viewing
                   the
                   same
                   ,
                   searching
                   every
                   where
                   ;
                   and
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   at
                   last
                   finding
                   where
                   they
                   run
                   together
                   ,
                   as
                   Chickens
                   after
                   a
                   Hen.
                   Or
                   ,
                   secondly
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   rise
                   early
                   in
                   a
                   Morning
                   ,
                   or
                   come
                   late
                   in
                   the
                   Evening
                   ;
                   and
                   observe
                   how
                   and
                   when
                   the
                   old
                   Cock
                   and
                   Hen
                   call
                   their
                   young
                   ones
                   to
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   the
                   young
                   ones
                   answer
                   back
                   unto
                   them
                   again
                   ;
                   and
                   so
                   from
                   that
                   
                   sound
                   direct
                   your
                   Path
                   as
                   near
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   to
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   they
                   are
                   ,
                   lying
                   there
                   down
                   so
                   close
                   you
                   may
                   not
                   be
                   discerned
                   ;
                   by
                   which
                   means
                   you
                   will
                   know
                   where
                   they
                   meet
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   accordingly
                   you
                   may
                   pitch
                   your
                   Nets
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   the
                   most
                   certain
                   way
                   of
                   finding
                   them
                   out
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   have
                   a
                   natural
                   
                   Pheasant-call
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   learn
                   how
                   to
                   use
                   ,
                   understanding
                   all
                   their
                   Notes
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   to
                   apply
                   them
                   :
                   For
                   they
                   have
                   several
                   Notes
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   different
                   ;
                   one
                   to
                   cluck
                   them
                   together
                   when
                   the
                   Hen
                   would
                   brood
                   them
                   ,
                   another
                   to
                   chide
                   them
                   when
                   they
                   straggle
                   too
                   far
                   ,
                   a
                   third
                   to
                   call
                   them
                   to
                   meat
                   when
                   she
                   hath
                   found
                   it
                   ,
                   a
                   fourth
                   to
                   make
                   them
                   look
                   out
                   for
                   food
                   themselves
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   fifth
                   to
                   call
                   them
                   about
                   her
                   to
                   sport
                   withal
                   .
                   You
                   must
                   use
                   your
                   Call
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   early
                   ,
                   at
                   which
                   time
                   they
                   straggle
                   abroad
                   to
                   find
                   Provender
                   ;
                   or
                   else
                   in
                   the
                   Evening
                   just
                   about
                   Sun-setting
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   their
                   time
                   likewise
                   for
                   feeding
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   although
                   these
                   are
                   the
                   best
                   times
                   to
                   use
                   your
                   Call
                   ,
                   yet
                   you
                   may
                   call
                   them
                   at
                   any
                   other
                   time
                   of
                   the
                   day
                   ,
                   onely
                   altering
                   your
                   Note
                   .
                   Just
                   at
                   ,
                   or
                   before
                   Sun-rising
                   ,
                   your
                   Note
                   must
                   be
                   to
                   call
                   them
                   to
                   feed
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   at
                   Sun-set
                   :
                   but
                   in
                   the
                   Forenoon
                   and
                   Afternoon
                   your
                   Notes
                   must
                   be
                   to
                   cluck
                   them
                   together
                   to
                   brood
                   ,
                   or
                   to
                   chide
                   them
                   for
                   straggling
                   ,
                   or
                   to
                   give
                   them
                   notice
                   of
                   some
                   approaching
                   danger
                   .
                
                 
                   Knowing
                   your
                   Notes
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   to
                   apply
                   them
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   places
                   where
                   Pheasants
                   haunt
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   shall
                   know
                   by
                   the
                   strength
                   of
                   the
                   under-growth
                   ,
                   obscureness
                   ,
                   darkness
                   ,
                   and
                   solitariness
                   of
                   the
                   place
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   then
                   lodge
                   your self
                   as
                   close
                   as
                   possible
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   call
                   at
                   first
                   very
                   softly
                   ,
                   lest
                   the
                   Pheasants
                   being
                   lodg'd
                   very
                   near
                   you
                   ,
                   should
                   be
                   affrighted
                   at
                   a
                   loud
                   Note
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   nothing
                   reply
                   ,
                   raise
                   your
                   Note
                   higher
                   and
                   higher
                   ,
                   till
                   you
                   extend
                   it
                   to
                   the
                   utmost
                   compass
                   :
                   and
                   if
                   there
                   be
                   a
                   Pheasant
                   within
                   hearing
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   answer
                   in
                   a
                   Note
                   as
                   loud
                   as
                   your
                   
                   own
                   ,
                   provided
                   it
                   be
                   not
                   untunable
                   ,
                   for
                   that
                   will
                   spoil
                   all
                   .
                
                 
                   As
                   soon
                   as
                   you
                   hear
                   this
                   answer
                   ,
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   from
                   afar
                   ,
                   and
                   from
                   one
                   single
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   creep
                   nearer
                   and
                   nearer
                   unto
                   it
                   ,
                   still
                   calling
                   ,
                   but
                   not
                   so
                   loud
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   you
                   approach
                   nearer
                   to
                   it
                   ,
                   so
                   will
                   the
                   Pheasant
                   to
                   you
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   you
                   alter
                   your
                   Note
                   ,
                   so
                   will
                   she
                   :
                   and
                   in
                   all
                   points
                   you
                   must
                   endeavour
                   to
                   imitate
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   fine
                   you
                   will
                   get
                   sight
                   of
                   her
                   ,
                   either
                   on
                   the
                   Ground
                   or
                   Pearch
                   :
                   Then
                   cease
                   your
                   calling
                   ,
                   and
                   spread
                   your
                   Net
                   between
                   the
                   Pheasant
                   and
                   your self
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   most
                   convenient
                   place
                   you
                   can
                   find
                   ,
                   with
                   all
                   secrecy
                   and
                   silence
                   ,
                   making
                   one
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   Net
                   fast
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   holding
                   the
                   other
                   end
                   by
                   a
                   long
                   Line
                   in
                   your
                   hand
                   ;
                   by
                   which
                   ,
                   when
                   any
                   thing
                   straineth
                   it
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   pull
                   the
                   Net
                   close
                   together
                   :
                   which
                   done
                   ,
                   call
                   again
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   you
                   perceive
                   the
                   Pheasant
                   come
                   underneath
                   your
                   Net
                   ,
                   then
                   rise
                   up
                   and
                   shew
                   your self
                   ,
                   that
                   by
                   giving
                   the
                   Pheasant
                   an
                   affright
                   ,
                   he
                   may
                   offer
                   to
                   mount
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   be
                   entangled
                   within
                   the
                   Net.
                   
                
                 
                   Now
                   if
                   it
                   so
                   fall
                   out
                   that
                   you
                   hear
                   many
                   answers
                   ,
                   and
                   from
                   divers
                   corners
                   of
                   the
                   Wood
                   ,
                   then
                   stir
                   not
                   at
                   all
                   ,
                   but
                   keep
                   your
                   place
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   you
                   hear
                   them
                   by
                   their
                   sounds
                   to
                   come
                   nearer
                   and
                   nearer
                   unto
                   you
                   ,
                   so
                   shall
                   you
                   in
                   the
                   mean
                   time
                   prepare
                   your
                   Nets
                   ready
                   ,
                   and
                   spread
                   them
                   conveniently
                   about
                   you
                   ,
                   one
                   pair
                   of
                   Nets
                   on
                   the
                   one
                   side
                   ,
                   and
                   another
                   on
                   the
                   other
                   side
                   ;
                   then
                   lie
                   close
                   ,
                   and
                   apply
                   your self
                   to
                   the
                   Call
                   till
                   such
                   time
                   as
                   you
                   have
                   allured
                   them
                   under
                   your
                   Nets
                   ;
                   then
                   stand
                   up
                   and
                   shew
                   your self
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   affright
                   them
                   and
                   make
                   them
                   mount
                   ,
                   whereby
                   they
                   will
                   be
                   entangled
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   fashion
                   of
                   Pheasant-Nets
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   must
                   make
                   these
                   Nets
                   of
                   double-twined
                   brown
                   Thread
                   dyed
                   blue
                   or
                   green
                   ;
                   let
                   the
                   Mesh
                   be
                   reasonably
                   
                   large
                   and
                   square
                   ,
                   almost
                   an
                   inch
                   between
                   Knot
                   and
                   Knot
                   ;
                   let
                   the
                   length
                   of
                   it
                   be
                   about
                   three
                   fathom
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   breadth
                   about
                   seven
                   foot
                   ,
                   and
                   verge
                   it
                   on
                   each
                   side
                   ,
                   with
                   strong
                   small
                   Cord
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   the
                   ends
                   be
                   also
                   so
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   may
                   lie
                   compass-wise
                   and
                   hollow
                   .
                
                 
                   Some
                   make
                   these
                   Nets
                   of
                   a
                   much
                   larger
                   size
                   ;
                   but
                   then
                   they
                   are
                   too
                   cumbersome
                   ,
                   and
                   hardly
                   to
                   be
                   ruled
                   with
                   one
                   hand
                   :
                   but
                   the
                   others
                   are
                   readier
                   to
                   pitch
                   ,
                   and
                   better
                   to
                   take
                   ,
                   also
                   more
                   nimble
                   for
                   any
                   purpose
                   you
                   shall
                   employ
                   them
                   to
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   Driving
                   of
                   Pheasant-powts
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   driving
                   and
                   taking
                   young
                   Pheasants
                   in
                   Nets
                   is
                   done
                   after
                   this
                   manner
                   .
                   Having
                   either
                   by
                   your
                   eye
                   or
                   Call
                   found
                   out
                   an
                   Eye
                   of
                   Pheasants
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   then
                   (
                   taking
                   the
                   wind
                   with
                   you
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   will
                   naturally
                   run
                   down
                   the
                   wind
                   )
                   place
                   your
                   Nets
                   cross
                   the
                   little
                   Pads
                   and
                   ways
                   which
                   you
                   see
                   they
                   have
                   made
                   ,
                   (
                   for
                   they
                   will
                   make
                   little
                   Paths
                   like
                   Sheep-tracks
                   )
                   and
                   as
                   near
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   ,
                   come
                   to
                   some
                   special
                   Haunts
                   of
                   theirs
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   shall
                   know
                   by
                   the
                   bareness
                   of
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   Mutings
                   ,
                   and
                   loose
                   Feathers
                   which
                   you
                   shall
                   find
                   there
                   :
                   and
                   these
                   Nets
                   must
                   be
                   placed
                   hollow
                   ,
                   loose
                   ,
                   and
                   circular-wise
                   ,
                   the
                   nether
                   part
                   thereof
                   being
                   fastened
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   upper
                   side
                   lying
                   hollow
                   ,
                   loose
                   ,
                   and
                   bending
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   when
                   any
                   thing
                   rusheth
                   into
                   it
                   ,
                   it
                   may
                   fall
                   and
                   entangle
                   it
                   :
                   which
                   done
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   go
                   before
                   where
                   you
                   found
                   the
                   Haunt
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   with
                   your
                   Call
                   (
                   if
                   you
                   find
                   the
                   Eye
                   is
                   scattered
                   and
                   separated
                   one
                   from
                   the
                   other
                   )
                   you
                   must
                   call
                   them
                   together
                   .
                
                 
                   Then
                   take
                   your
                   Instrument
                   called
                   a
                   Driver
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   made
                   of
                   strong
                   white
                   Wands
                   or
                   Osiers
                   set
                   fast
                   in
                   a
                   handle
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   places
                   twisted
                   about
                   and
                   bound
                   with
                   other
                   Wands
                   ,
                   bearing
                   the
                   shape
                   of
                   those
                   
                   things
                   Cloath-dressers
                   usually
                   dress
                   their
                   Cloath
                   withal
                   :
                   I
                   say
                   ,
                   with
                   this
                   Driver
                   you
                   must
                   make
                   a
                   gentle
                   noise
                   ,
                   raking
                   upon
                   the
                   Boughs
                   and
                   Bushes
                   round
                   about
                   you
                   ;
                   which
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   Powts
                   do
                   hear
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   instantly
                   run
                   from
                   it
                   a
                   little
                   way
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   stand
                   and
                   listen
                   ,
                   keeping
                   all
                   close
                   together
                   :
                   then
                   give
                   another
                   rake
                   ,
                   at
                   which
                   they
                   will
                   run
                   again
                   as
                   before
                   :
                   And
                   by
                   thus
                   raking
                   ,
                   you
                   will
                   drive
                   them
                   like
                   so
                   many
                   Sheep
                   before
                   you
                   which
                   way
                   or
                   whither
                   you
                   please
                   ,
                   and
                   consequently
                   at
                   last
                   into
                   your
                   Nets
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   using
                   your
                   Driver
                   there
                   are
                   two
                   things
                   to
                   be
                   observed
                   .
                   The
                   first
                   is
                   Secrecy
                   ,
                   in
                   concealing
                   your self
                   from
                   the
                   sight
                   of
                   the
                   Pheasants
                   ;
                   for
                   if
                   they
                   chance
                   to
                   see
                   you
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   instantly
                   hide
                   themselves
                   in
                   Holes
                   and
                   bottoms
                   of
                   Bushes
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   not
                   stir
                   from
                   thence
                   by
                   any
                   means
                   whatever
                   ,
                   as
                   long
                   as
                   any
                   day
                   endureth
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   other
                   thing
                   to
                   be
                   observed
                   ,
                   is
                   Time
                   and
                   Leisure
                   in
                   the
                   work
                   ;
                   for
                   there
                   is
                   nothing
                   obstructs
                   this
                   Pastime
                   more
                   than
                   too
                   much
                   haste
                   :
                   for
                   they
                   are
                   very
                   fearful
                   Creatures
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   soon
                   startled
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   once
                   alarm'd
                   ,
                   their
                   fears
                   will
                   not
                   suffer
                   them
                   to
                   argue
                   or
                   dispute
                   with
                   the
                   affrighting
                   object
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   very
                   first
                   apprehension
                   is
                   sufficient
                   to
                   make
                   them
                   all
                   fly
                   at
                   an
                   instant
                   ,
                   without
                   staying
                   to
                   behold
                   what
                   they
                   are
                   so
                   much
                   afraid
                   of
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   taking
                   Pheasants
                   with
                   a
                   Lime-bush
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   observed
                   their
                   Haunts
                   as
                   aforesaid
                   ,
                   take
                   a
                   Bush
                   ,
                   or
                   single
                   Rods
                   ,
                   and
                   trim
                   them
                   with
                   the
                   best
                   and
                   strongest
                   Lime
                   that
                   can
                   be
                   got
                   :
                   let
                   your
                   Rods
                   be
                   twelve
                   inches
                   ;
                   your
                   Lime-bush
                   must
                   not
                   contain
                   above
                   eight
                   Twigs
                   ,
                   being
                   the
                   Top-branch
                   of
                   some
                   Willow-tree
                   ,
                   with
                   an
                   indifferent
                   long
                   Handle
                   ,
                   made
                   sharp
                   
                   either
                   to
                   stick
                   into
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   or
                   into
                   Shrubs
                   and
                   Bushes
                   .
                   You
                   may
                   plant
                   your
                   Bush
                   near
                   the
                   branch
                   of
                   some
                   little
                   Tree
                   which
                   the
                   Pheasant
                   usually
                   pearcheth
                   on
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   placed
                   your
                   Bush
                   or
                   Rods
                   ,
                   take
                   out
                   your
                   Call
                   ,
                   but
                   remove
                   not
                   from
                   your
                   place
                   ,
                   lying
                   close
                   without
                   discovery
                   .
                   If
                   your
                   Call
                   be
                   good
                   ,
                   and
                   you
                   have
                   skill
                   to
                   use
                   it
                   ,
                   you
                   will
                   quickly
                   have
                   all
                   the
                   Pheasants
                   within
                   hearing
                   about
                   you
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   one
                   happen
                   to
                   be
                   entangled
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   go
                   near
                   to
                   entangle
                   all
                   the
                   rest
                   ,
                   either
                   by
                   her
                   extraordinary
                   fluttering
                   ,
                   or
                   their
                   own
                   amazement
                   and
                   confusion
                   .
                   And
                   as
                   they
                   are
                   taken
                   by
                   the
                   Rods
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   so
                   you
                   will
                   surprize
                   them
                   with
                   your
                   Bushes
                   ;
                   for
                   being
                   scared
                   from
                   below
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   mount
                   to
                   the
                   Pearch
                   or
                   Bushes
                   ,
                   to
                   see
                   what
                   becomes
                   of
                   their
                   fellows
                   ,
                   and
                   be
                   there
                   taken
                   themselves
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   is
                   very
                   requisite
                   to
                   count
                   all
                   your
                   Rods
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   you
                   have
                   gathered
                   up
                   your
                   Pheasants
                   ,
                   see
                   what
                   Rods
                   you
                   have
                   missing
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   conclude
                   from
                   the
                   miss
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   some
                   Pheasants
                   are
                   run
                   with
                   them
                   into
                   the
                   Bushes
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   it
                   will
                   be
                   necessary
                   to
                   have
                   a
                   Spaniel
                   which
                   will
                   fetch
                   and
                   carry
                   ,
                   and
                   one
                   that
                   will
                   not
                   break
                   nor
                   bruise
                   either
                   Flesh
                   or
                   Feather
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   Seasons
                   for
                   the
                   use
                   of
                   Nets
                   or
                   Lime
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Lime
                   is
                   onely
                   for
                   the
                   Winter-season
                   ,
                   beginning
                   from
                   November
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   Trees
                   have
                   shed
                   their
                   Leaves
                   ,
                   (
                   and
                   then
                   Lime-bushes
                   and
                   Branches
                   of
                   Trees
                   are
                   alike
                   naked
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   complexion
                   )
                   and
                   ending
                   at
                   May
                   ,
                   at
                   which
                   time
                   the
                   Trees
                   begin
                   to
                   be
                   furnished
                   with
                   Leaves
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   true
                   use
                   of
                   the
                   Nets
                   is
                   from
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   May
                   till
                   the
                   latter
                   end
                   of
                   October
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   So
                   that
                   there
                   is
                   no
                   time
                   of
                   the
                   year
                   but
                   their
                   Breeding-time
                   ,
                   which
                   may
                   not
                   be
                   exercised
                   in
                   this
                   pleasure
                   ;
                   whence
                   what
                   profit
                   may
                   arise
                   ,
                   I
                   shall
                   leave
                   to
                   the
                   judgment
                   of
                   those
                   who
                   keep
                   good
                   houses
                   ,
                   and
                   such
                   as
                   have
                   good
                   Stomacks
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   PARTRIDGES
                   several
                   ways
                   ,
                   either
                   by
                   Net
                   ,
                   Engine
                   ,
                   Driving
                   ,
                   or
                   Setting
                   .
                
                 
                   PArtridges
                   are
                   naturally
                   cowardly
                   ,
                   fearful
                   ,
                   simple
                   ,
                   and
                   foolish
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   most
                   easily
                   to
                   be
                   deceived
                   or
                   beguiled
                   with
                   any
                   Train
                   ,
                   Bait
                   ,
                   Engine
                   ,
                   or
                   other
                   Device
                   whatever
                   ,
                   whether
                   by
                   Enticement
                   ,
                   Call
                   ,
                   or
                   Stale
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   will
                   he
                   necessary
                   in
                   the
                   first
                   place
                   to
                   consider
                   their
                   Haunts
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   not
                   (
                   like
                   the
                   Pheasants
                   )
                   certain
                   ,
                   but
                   various
                   ;
                   any
                   covert
                   will
                   serve
                   their
                   turn
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   none
                   at
                   all
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   places
                   they
                   most
                   delight
                   in
                   are
                   the
                   Corn-fields
                   ,
                   especially
                   whilst
                   the
                   Corn
                   grows
                   ;
                   for
                   under
                   that
                   covert
                   they
                   shelter
                   ,
                   ingender
                   ,
                   and
                   breed
                   .
                   Neither
                   are
                   these
                   places
                   unfrequented
                   by
                   them
                   when
                   the
                   Corn
                   is
                   cut
                   down
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   the
                   Grain
                   they
                   find
                   therein
                   ,
                   especially
                   in
                   Wheat-stubble
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   height
                   thereof
                   they
                   delight
                   in
                   ,
                   being
                   to
                   them
                   as
                   a
                   covert
                   or
                   a
                   shelter
                   .
                   Now
                   when
                   the
                   Wheat-stubble
                   is
                   much
                   trodden
                   by
                   Men
                   or
                   Beasts
                   ,
                   then
                   they
                   betake
                   themselves
                   to
                   the
                   Barley-stubble
                   ,
                   provided
                   it
                   be
                   fresh
                   and
                   untrodden
                   ;
                   and
                   they
                   will
                   in
                   the
                   Furrows
                   amongst
                   the
                   Clots
                   ,
                   Brambles
                   ,
                   and
                   long
                   Grass
                   ,
                   hide
                   both
                   themselves
                   and
                   Covies
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   sometimes
                   twenty
                   in
                   
                   number
                   ,
                   sometimes
                   five
                   and
                   twenty
                   :
                   nay
                   ,
                   I
                   have
                   heard
                   of
                   thirty
                   in
                   a
                   Covie
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   after
                   the
                   Winter-season
                   is
                   come
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   these
                   Stubble-fields
                   are
                   plough'd
                   up
                   ,
                   or
                   over-soiled
                   with
                   Cattle
                   ,
                   then
                   do
                   these
                   Partridges
                   resort
                   into
                   the
                   up-land
                   Meadows
                   ,
                   and
                   do
                   lodge
                   in
                   the
                   dead
                   Grass
                   or
                   Fog
                   under
                   Hedges
                   ,
                   amongst
                   Mole-hills
                   ,
                   or
                   under
                   the
                   Roots
                   of
                   Trees
                   :
                   Sometimes
                   they
                   resort
                   to
                   Copses
                   and
                   Underwoods
                   ,
                   especially
                   if
                   any
                   Corn-fields
                   are
                   near
                   adjacent
                   ,
                   or
                   where
                   grows
                   Broom
                   ,
                   Brakes
                   ,
                   Fern
                   ,
                   or
                   any
                   Covert
                   whatsoever
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   Harvest-time
                   ,
                   when
                   every
                   Field
                   is
                   full
                   of
                   men
                   and
                   Cattle
                   ,
                   then
                   you
                   shall
                   find
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   day-time
                   in
                   the
                   Fallow-fields
                   which
                   are
                   next
                   adjoyning
                   to
                   the
                   Corn-fields
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   lie
                   lurking
                   till
                   the
                   Evening
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   they
                   feed
                   among
                   the
                   Shocks
                   or
                   Sheaves
                   of
                   Corn
                   ;
                   and
                   so
                   they
                   do
                   likewise
                   early
                   in
                   the
                   Morning
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   know
                   their
                   Haunts
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   scituation
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   and
                   season
                   of
                   the
                   year
                   ,
                   your
                   next
                   care
                   must
                   be
                   to
                   find
                   them
                   out
                   in
                   their
                   Haunts
                   ;
                   which
                   is
                   done
                   several
                   ways
                   .
                   Some
                   do
                   it
                   by
                   the
                   Eye
                   onely
                   ;
                   and
                   this
                   Art
                   can
                   never
                   be
                   taught
                   ,
                   but
                   learned
                   by
                   frequent
                   Experience
                   ,
                   distinguishing
                   thereby
                   the
                   colour
                   of
                   the
                   Partridge
                   from
                   that
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   and
                   in
                   what
                   manner
                   they
                   lodge
                   and
                   couch
                   together
                   :
                   for
                   which
                   purpose
                   you
                   may
                   come
                   near
                   enough
                   to
                   them
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   are
                   a
                   very
                   lazy
                   Bird
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   unwilling
                   to
                   take
                   the
                   Wing
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   even
                   set
                   your
                   foot
                   upon
                   them
                   before
                   they
                   will
                   stir
                   ,
                   provided
                   you
                   do
                   not
                   stand
                   and
                   gaze
                   on
                   them
                   ,
                   but
                   be
                   in
                   continual
                   motion
                   ;
                   otherwise
                   they
                   will
                   spring
                   up
                   and
                   be
                   gone
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   is
                   another
                   way
                   to
                   discover
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   is
                   by
                   going
                   to
                   their
                   Haunts
                   very
                   early
                   in
                   the
                   Morning
                   ,
                   or
                   at
                   the
                   close
                   of
                   the
                   Evening
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   called
                   the
                   Jucking-time
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   listening
                   for
                   the
                   calling
                   of
                   the
                   
                   Cock
                   -
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   be
                   very
                   loud
                   and
                   earnest
                   ;
                   and
                   after
                   some
                   few
                   calls
                   the
                   Hen
                   will
                   answer
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   this
                   means
                   they
                   meet
                   together
                   ;
                   which
                   you
                   shall
                   know
                   by
                   their
                   rejoycing
                   and
                   chattering
                   one
                   with
                   another
                   :
                   upon
                   the
                   hearing
                   of
                   which
                   ,
                   take
                   your
                   range
                   about
                   them
                   ,
                   drawing
                   nearer
                   and
                   nearer
                   to
                   the
                   place
                   you
                   heard
                   them
                   juck
                   in
                   ;
                   then
                   cast
                   your
                   eye
                   towards
                   the
                   Furrows
                   of
                   the
                   Lands
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   you
                   will
                   soon
                   find
                   where
                   the
                   Covie
                   lies
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   take
                   them
                   as
                   your
                   fancy
                   shall
                   lead
                   you
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   best
                   ,
                   safest
                   ,
                   and
                   easiest
                   way
                   for
                   finding
                   of
                   Partridges
                   is
                   by
                   the
                   Call
                   ,
                   having
                   first
                   learn'd
                   the
                   true
                   and
                   natural
                   Notes
                   of
                   the
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   knowing
                   how
                   to
                   tune
                   every
                   Note
                   in
                   its
                   proper
                   Key
                   ,
                   applying
                   them
                   to
                   their
                   due
                   times
                   and
                   seasons
                   .
                
                 
                   Being
                   perfect
                   herein
                   ,
                   either
                   Mornings
                   or
                   Evenings
                   (
                   all
                   other
                   times
                   being
                   improper
                   )
                   go
                   to
                   their
                   Haunts
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   convey'd
                   your self
                   into
                   some
                   secret
                   place
                   where
                   you
                   may
                   see
                   and
                   not
                   be
                   seen
                   ,
                   listen
                   a
                   while
                   if
                   you
                   can
                   hear
                   the
                   Partridges
                   call
                   ;
                   if
                   you
                   do
                   ,
                   answer
                   them
                   again
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   Note
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   they
                   change
                   or
                   double
                   their
                   Notes
                   ,
                   so
                   must
                   you
                   in
                   like
                   manner
                   :
                   thus
                   continue
                   doing
                   till
                   they
                   draw
                   nearer
                   and
                   nearer
                   unto
                   you
                   .
                   Having
                   them
                   in
                   your
                   view
                   ,
                   lay
                   your self
                   on
                   your
                   back
                   ,
                   and
                   lie
                   as
                   if
                   you
                   were
                   dead
                   without
                   motion
                   ,
                   by
                   which
                   means
                   you
                   may
                   count
                   their
                   whole
                   number
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   attained
                   to
                   the
                   knowledge
                   of
                   discovering
                   them
                   where
                   they
                   lie
                   ,
                   the
                   next
                   thing
                   will
                   be
                   a
                   ready
                   way
                   how
                   to
                   catch
                   them
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   taking
                   Partridges
                   with
                   Nets
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Nets
                   wherewith
                   you
                   ensnare
                   Partridges
                   must
                   be
                   every
                   way
                   like
                   your
                   Pheasant-nets
                   ,
                   both
                   for
                   length
                   and
                   breadth
                   ;
                   onely
                   the
                   Mesh
                   must
                   be
                   smaller
                   ,
                   being
                   made
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   Thread
                   ,
                   and
                   dyed
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   colour
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Having
                   found
                   out
                   the
                   Covie
                   ,
                   draw
                   forth
                   your
                   Nets
                   ,
                   and
                   taking
                   a
                   large
                   circumference
                   ,
                   walk
                   a
                   good
                   round
                   pace
                   with
                   a
                   careless
                   eye
                   ,
                   rather
                   from
                   than
                   towards
                   the
                   Partridges
                   ,
                   till
                   you
                   have
                   trimmed
                   your
                   Nets
                   ,
                   and
                   made
                   them
                   ready
                   for
                   the
                   purpose
                   :
                   which
                   done
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   draw
                   in
                   your
                   circumference
                   less
                   and
                   less
                   ,
                   till
                   you
                   come
                   within
                   the
                   length
                   of
                   your
                   Net
                   :
                   then
                   pricking
                   down
                   a
                   a
                   Stick
                   about
                   three
                   foot
                   in
                   length
                   ,
                   fasten
                   one
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   Line
                   of
                   your
                   Net
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   it
                   fast
                   in
                   the
                   Earth
                   as
                   you
                   walk
                   about
                   ;
                   (
                   for
                   you
                   must
                   make
                   no
                   stop
                   nor
                   stay
                   ;
                   )
                   then
                   ,
                   letting
                   the
                   Net
                   slip
                   out
                   of
                   your
                   hands
                   ,
                   spread
                   it
                   open
                   as
                   you
                   go
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   carry
                   and
                   lay
                   it
                   all
                   over
                   the
                   Partridges
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   if
                   they
                   should
                   lie
                   straggling
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   you
                   cannot
                   cover
                   them
                   all
                   with
                   one
                   Net
                   ,
                   then
                   you
                   must
                   draw
                   forth
                   another
                   ,
                   and
                   do
                   with
                   that
                   as
                   you
                   did
                   with
                   the
                   former
                   ;
                   doing
                   so
                   with
                   a
                   third
                   ,
                   if
                   occasion
                   require
                   :
                   having
                   so
                   done
                   ,
                   rush
                   in
                   upon
                   them
                   ,
                   who
                   affrighted
                   ,
                   will
                   flie
                   up
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   be
                   entangled
                   in
                   the
                   Nets
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   Partridges
                   with
                   Bird-lime
                   .
                
                 
                   Take
                   of
                   the
                   fairest
                   and
                   largest
                   wheat-straws
                   you
                   can
                   get
                   ,
                   and
                   cut
                   them
                   off
                   between
                   Knot
                   and
                   Knot
                   ,
                   and
                   lime
                   them
                   with
                   the
                   strongest
                   Lime
                   .
                   Then
                   go
                   to
                   the
                   Haunts
                   of
                   Partridges
                   ,
                   and
                   call
                   :
                   if
                   you
                   are
                   answered
                   ,
                   then
                   prick
                   at
                   some
                   distance
                   from
                   you
                   your
                   limed
                   Straws
                   in
                   many
                   cross
                   rows
                   and
                   ranks
                   cross
                   the
                   Lands
                   and
                   Furrows
                   ,
                   taking
                   in
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   Lands
                   at
                   least
                   :
                   then
                   lie
                   close
                   and
                   call
                   again
                   ,
                   not
                   ceasing
                   till
                   you
                   have
                   drawn
                   them
                   towards
                   you
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   they
                   be
                   intercepted
                   by
                   the
                   way
                   by
                   your
                   limed
                   Straws
                   ,
                   which
                   they
                   shall
                   no
                   sooner
                   touch
                   ,
                   but
                   they
                   will
                   be
                   ensnared
                   ;
                   and
                   by
                   reason
                   they
                   all
                   run
                   together
                   like
                   a
                   brood
                   of
                   Chickens
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   so
                   besmear
                   and
                   daub
                   one
                   another
                   ,
                   that
                   very
                   few
                   of
                   them
                   will
                   escape
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   This
                   way
                   of
                   taking
                   Partridges
                   is
                   onely
                   to
                   be
                   used
                   in
                   Stubble-fields
                   from
                   August
                   till
                   Christmas
                   .
                   But
                   if
                   you
                   will
                   take
                   them
                   in
                   Woods
                   ,
                   Pastures
                   ,
                   or
                   Meadows
                   ,
                   then
                   you
                   must
                   lime
                   Rods
                   ,
                   as
                   was
                   afore
                   expressed
                   for
                   the
                   Pheasant
                   ,
                   and
                   stick
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   ground
                   after
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   drive
                   Partridges
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Driving
                   of
                   Partridges
                   is
                   more
                   delightful
                   than
                   any
                   other
                   way
                   of
                   taking
                   them
                   :
                   The
                   manner
                   of
                   it
                   is
                   thus
                   .
                
                 
                   Make
                   an
                   Engine
                   in
                   the
                   form
                   and
                   fashion
                   of
                   a
                   Horse
                   ,
                   cut
                   out
                   of
                   Canvas
                   ,
                   and
                   stuff
                   it
                   with
                   Straw
                   ,
                   or
                   such
                   light
                   matter
                   :
                   with
                   this
                   artificial
                   Horse
                   and
                   your
                   Nets
                   you
                   must
                   go
                   to
                   the
                   Haunts
                   of
                   Partridges
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   found
                   out
                   the
                   Covie
                   ,
                   and
                   pitcht
                   your
                   Nets
                   below
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   go
                   above
                   ,
                   and
                   taking
                   the
                   advantage
                   of
                   the
                   Wind
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   drive
                   downward
                   :
                   Let
                   your
                   Nets
                   be
                   pitcht
                   slope-wise
                   and
                   hovering
                   .
                   Then
                   ,
                   having
                   your
                   Face
                   covered
                   with
                   something
                   that
                   is
                   green
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   a
                   dark
                   blue
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   ,
                   putting
                   the
                   Engine
                   before
                   you
                   ,
                   stalk
                   towards
                   the
                   Partridges
                   with
                   a
                   slow
                   pace
                   ,
                   raising
                   them
                   on
                   their
                   Feet
                   ,
                   but
                   not
                   their
                   Wings
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   will
                   they
                   run
                   naturally
                   before
                   you
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   they
                   chance
                   to
                   run
                   a
                   by-way
                   ,
                   or
                   contrary
                   to
                   your
                   purpose
                   ,
                   then
                   cross
                   them
                   with
                   your
                   Engine
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   so
                   facing
                   them
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   run
                   into
                   that
                   track
                   you
                   would
                   have
                   them
                   :
                   Thus
                   by
                   a
                   gentle
                   slow
                   pace
                   you
                   may
                   make
                   them
                   run
                   and
                   go
                   which
                   way
                   you
                   will
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   last
                   drive
                   them
                   into
                   your
                   Net
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   dispose
                   of
                   them
                   at
                   your
                   pleasure
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   Partridges
                   with
                   a
                   Setting-dog
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   is
                   no
                   Art
                   of
                   taking
                   Partridges
                   so
                   excellent
                   and
                   pleasant
                   as
                   by
                   the
                   help
                   of
                   a
                   Setting-dog
                   :
                   wherefore
                   ,
                   before
                   we
                   proceed
                   to
                   the
                   Sport
                   ,
                   we
                   shall
                   give
                   you
                   an
                   account
                   what
                   this
                   Setting-dog
                   is
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   are
                   to
                   understand
                   then
                   ,
                   that
                   a
                   Setting-dog
                   is
                   a
                   certain
                   lusty
                   Land-spaniel
                   ,
                   taught
                   by
                   nature
                   to
                   hunt
                   the
                   Partridge
                   more
                   than
                   any
                   chace
                   whatever
                   ,
                   running
                   the
                   fields
                   over
                   with
                   such
                   alacrity
                   and
                   nimbleness
                   ,
                   as
                   if
                   there
                   was
                   no
                   limit
                   to
                   his
                   fury
                   and
                   desire
                   ,
                   and
                   yet
                   by
                   art
                   under
                   such
                   excellent
                   command
                   ,
                   that
                   in
                   the
                   very
                   height
                   of
                   his
                   career
                   by
                   a
                   Hem
                   or
                   sound
                   of
                   his
                   Master's
                   voice
                   he
                   shall
                   stand
                   ,
                   gaze
                   about
                   him
                   ,
                   look
                   in
                   his
                   Masters
                   face
                   ,
                   and
                   observe
                   his
                   directions
                   ,
                   whether
                   to
                   proceed
                   ,
                   stand
                   still
                   ,
                   or
                   retire
                   :
                   nay
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   is
                   even
                   just
                   upon
                   his
                   Prey
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   may
                   even
                   take
                   it
                   up
                   in
                   his
                   mouth
                   ,
                   yet
                   his
                   obedience
                   is
                   so
                   framed
                   by
                   Art
                   ,
                   that
                   presently
                   he
                   shall
                   either
                   stand
                   still
                   ,
                   or
                   fall
                   down
                   flat
                   on
                   his
                   belly
                   ,
                   without
                   daring
                   either
                   to
                   make
                   any
                   noise
                   or
                   motion
                   till
                   his
                   Master
                   come
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   he
                   will
                   proceed
                   in
                   all
                   things
                   to
                   follow
                   his
                   directions
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   a
                   Dog
                   thus
                   qualified
                   by
                   Art
                   and
                   Nature
                   ,
                   take
                   him
                   with
                   you
                   where
                   Partridges
                   do
                   haunt
                   ,
                   there
                   cast
                   off
                   your
                   Dog
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   some
                   word
                   of
                   encouragement
                   which
                   he
                   is
                   acquainted
                   with
                   ,
                   engage
                   him
                   to
                   range
                   ,
                   but
                   never
                   too
                   far
                   from
                   you
                   ;
                   and
                   see
                   that
                   he
                   beat
                   his
                   ground
                   justly
                   and
                   even
                   ,
                   without
                   casting
                   about
                   ,
                   or
                   flying
                   now
                   here
                   now
                   there
                   ,
                   which
                   the
                   mettle
                   of
                   some
                   will
                   do
                   ,
                   if
                   not
                   corrected
                   and
                   reproved
                   .
                   And
                   therefore
                   when
                   you
                   perceive
                   this
                   fault
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   presently
                   call
                   him
                   in
                   with
                   a
                   Hem
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   check
                   him
                   that
                   he
                   dare
                   not
                   do
                   the
                   like
                   again
                   for
                   that
                   day
                   ;
                   so
                   will
                   he
                   range
                   afterwards
                   with
                   more
                   tem
                   perance
                   ,
                   ever
                   and
                   anon
                   looking
                   in
                   his
                   Master's
                   
                   face
                   ,
                   as
                   if
                   he
                   would
                   gather
                   from
                   thence
                   whether
                   he
                   did
                   well
                   or
                   ill
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   in
                   your
                   Dog
                   's
                   ranging
                   you
                   perceive
                   him
                   to
                   stop
                   on
                   the
                   sudden
                   ,
                   or
                   stand
                   still
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   then
                   make
                   in
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   (
                   for
                   without
                   doubt
                   he
                   hath
                   set
                   the
                   Partridge
                   )
                   and
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   you
                   come
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   command
                   him
                   to
                   go
                   nearer
                   :
                   but
                   if
                   he
                   goes
                   not
                   ,
                   but
                   either
                   lies
                   still
                   or
                   stands
                   shaking
                   of
                   his
                   Tail
                   ,
                   as
                   who
                   would
                   say
                   ,
                   Here
                   they
                   are
                   under
                   my
                   nose
                   ,
                   and
                   withal
                   now
                   and
                   then
                   looks
                   back
                   ;
                   then
                   cease
                   from
                   urging
                   him
                   further
                   ,
                   and
                   take
                   your
                   circumference
                   ,
                   walking
                   fast
                   with
                   a
                   careless
                   eye
                   ,
                   looking
                   straight
                   before
                   the
                   nose
                   of
                   the
                   Dog
                   ,
                   and
                   thereby
                   see
                   how
                   the
                   Covy
                   lie
                   ,
                   whether
                   close
                   or
                   straggling
                   .
                
                 
                   Then
                   commanding
                   the
                   Dog
                   to
                   lie
                   still
                   ,
                   draw
                   forth
                   your
                   Net
                   ,
                   and
                   prick
                   one
                   end
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   spread
                   your
                   Net
                   all
                   open
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   cover
                   as
                   many
                   of
                   the
                   Partridges
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   ;
                   which
                   done
                   ,
                   make
                   in
                   with
                   a
                   noise
                   ,
                   and
                   spring
                   up
                   the
                   Partridges
                   ;
                   which
                   shall
                   no
                   sooner
                   rise
                   ,
                   but
                   they
                   will
                   be
                   entangled
                   in
                   the
                   Net.
                   And
                   if
                   you
                   shall
                   let
                   go
                   the
                   old
                   Cock
                   and
                   Hen
                   ,
                   it
                   will
                   not
                   onely
                   be
                   an
                   act
                   like
                   a
                   Gentleman
                   ,
                   but
                   a
                   means
                   to
                   increase
                   your
                   Pastime
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     How
                     to
                     take
                  
                   RAILS
                   ,
                   QUAILS
                   ,
                   MOREPOOTS
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   FRom
                   what
                   is
                   contain'd
                   in
                   the
                   foregoing
                   Chapters
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   collect
                   a
                   method
                   how
                   to
                   take
                   other
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Rails
                     ,
                     Quails
                     ,
                     Morepoots
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   all
                   which
                   are
                   very
                   good
                   flights
                   for
                   Hawks
                   .
                
                 
                   Their
                   haunts
                   are
                   much
                   alike
                   with
                   those
                   of
                   the
                   Partridge
                   ;
                   onely
                   the
                   Quail
                   loves
                   most
                   the
                   Wheat-fields
                   ,
                   
                   the
                   Morepoot
                   most
                   the
                   Heath
                   and
                   Forest-grounds
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Rails
                   love
                   the
                   long
                   high
                   Grass
                   where
                   they
                   may
                   lie
                   obscure
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   way
                   of
                   finding
                   them
                   is
                   like
                   that
                   of
                   the
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   Eye
                   ,
                   the
                   Ear
                   ,
                   and
                   Haunt
                   :
                   but
                   the
                   chief
                   way
                   of
                   all
                   to
                   find
                   them
                   out
                   is
                   the
                   Call
                   or
                   Pipe
                   ,
                   to
                   which
                   they
                   listen
                   with
                   such
                   earnestness
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   can
                   no
                   sooner
                   imitate
                   their
                   Notes
                   ,
                   but
                   they
                   will
                   answer
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   pursue
                   the
                   Call
                   with
                   such
                   greediness
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   will
                   play
                   and
                   skip
                   about
                   you
                   ,
                   nay
                   run
                   over
                   you
                   ,
                   especially
                   the
                   Quail
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   notes
                   of
                   the
                   Male
                   and
                   Female
                   differ
                   very
                   much
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   you
                   must
                   have
                   them
                   both
                   at
                   your
                   command
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   you
                   hear
                   the
                   Male
                   call
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   answer
                   in
                   the
                   Females
                   note
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   the
                   Female
                   calls
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   answer
                   in
                   the
                   Males
                   note
                   :
                   and
                   thus
                   you
                   will
                   not
                   fall
                   to
                   have
                   them
                   both
                   come
                   to
                   you
                   ,
                   who
                   will
                   gaze
                   and
                   listen
                   till
                   the
                   Net
                   is
                   cast
                   over
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   way
                   of
                   taking
                   these
                   Birds
                   is
                   the
                   same
                   with
                   that
                   of
                   the
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   may
                   be
                   taken
                   with
                   Nets
                   or
                   Lime
                   ,
                   either
                   Bush
                   or
                   Rod
                   ,
                   or
                   Engine
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   stalk
                   with
                   ;
                   or
                   by
                   the
                   Setting-dog
                   ,
                   which
                   I
                   shall
                   treat
                   of
                   in
                   the
                   next
                   Chapter
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     How
                     to
                     elect
                     and
                     train
                     a
                  
                   SETTING-DOG
                   
                     from
                     a
                     Whelp
                     till
                     he
                     come
                     to
                     perfection
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   THe
                   Dog
                   which
                   you
                   elect
                   for
                   Setting
                   must
                   have
                   a
                   perfect
                   and
                   good
                   scent
                   ,
                   and
                   be
                   naturally
                   addicted
                   to
                   the
                   hunting
                   of
                   Feathers
                   .
                   And
                   this
                   Dog
                   may
                   be
                   either
                   Land-spaniel
                   ,
                   Water-spaniel
                   ,
                   or
                   Mungrel
                   of
                   them
                   both
                   ;
                   either
                   the
                   Shallow-flewed
                   Hound
                   ,
                   Tumbler
                   ,
                   
                   Lurcher
                   ,
                   or
                   small
                   bastard
                   Mastiff
                   .
                   But
                   there
                   is
                   none
                   better
                   than
                   the
                   Land-spaniel
                   ,
                   being
                   of
                   a
                   good
                   and
                   nimble
                   size
                   ,
                   rather
                   small
                   than
                   gross
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   a
                   courageous
                   mettle
                   ;
                   which
                   though
                   you
                   cannot
                   discern
                   being
                   young
                   ,
                   yet
                   you
                   may
                   very
                   well
                   know
                   from
                   a
                   right
                   breed
                   ,
                   which
                   have
                   been
                   known
                   to
                   be
                   strong
                   ,
                   lusty
                   and
                   nimble
                   Rangers
                   ,
                   of
                   active
                   Feet
                   ,
                   wanton
                   Tails
                   ,
                   and
                   busie
                   Nostrils
                   ;
                   whose
                   Tail
                   was
                   without
                   weariness
                   ,
                   their
                   Search
                   without
                   changeableness
                   ,
                   and
                   whom
                   no
                   delight
                   did
                   transport
                   beyond
                   fear
                   or
                   obedience
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   made
                   choice
                   of
                   your
                   Dog
                   ,
                   begin
                   to
                   instruct
                   him
                   about
                   four
                   months
                   old
                   ,
                   or
                   six
                   months
                   at
                   the
                   uttermost
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   thing
                   that
                   you
                   shall
                   teach
                   your
                   Dog
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   make
                   him
                   loving
                   and
                   familiar
                   with
                   you
                   ,
                   knowing
                   ,
                   you
                   from
                   any
                   other
                   person
                   ,
                   and
                   following
                   you
                   where-ever
                   you
                   go
                   .
                   To
                   effect
                   this
                   the
                   better
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   receive
                   his
                   food
                   as
                   near
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   from
                   no
                   other
                   hand
                   but
                   your
                   own
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   you
                   correct
                   him
                   to
                   keep
                   him
                   in
                   awe
                   ,
                   do
                   it
                   rather
                   with
                   words
                   than
                   blows
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   have
                   so
                   instructed
                   your
                   Dog
                   that
                   he
                   will
                   follow
                   none
                   but
                   your self
                   ,
                   and
                   can
                   distinguish
                   your
                   frown
                   from
                   your
                   smile
                   ,
                   and
                   smooth
                   words
                   from
                   rough
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   then
                   teach
                   him
                   to
                   couch
                   and
                   lie
                   down
                   close
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   ;
                   first
                   ,
                   by
                   laying
                   him
                   often
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   crying
                   ,
                   
                     Lie
                     close
                  
                   .
                   When
                   he
                   hath
                   done
                   any
                   thing
                   to
                   your
                   mind
                   and
                   pleasure
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   then
                   reward
                   him
                   with
                   a
                   piece
                   of
                   Bread
                   :
                   if
                   otherwise
                   ,
                   chastise
                   him
                   with
                   words
                   ,
                   but
                   few
                   blows
                   .
                
                 
                   After
                   this
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   teach
                   him
                   to
                   come
                   creeping
                   unto
                   you
                   with
                   his
                   Belly
                   and
                   Head
                   close
                   upon
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   as
                   far
                   or
                   as
                   little
                   a
                   way
                   as
                   you
                   shall
                   think
                   fit
                   :
                   and
                   this
                   you
                   may
                   do
                   by
                   saying
                   ,
                   
                     Come
                     nearer
                     ,
                     come
                     nearer
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   like
                   ;
                   and
                   at
                   first
                   ,
                   till
                   he
                   understand
                   your
                   meaning
                   ,
                   by
                   shewing
                   him
                   a
                   piece
                   of
                   Bread
                   or
                   some
                   other
                   
                   food
                   to
                   entice
                   him
                   to
                   you
                   .
                   And
                   this
                   observe
                   in
                   his
                   creeping
                   to
                   you
                   ,
                   if
                   he
                   offer
                   to
                   raise
                   his
                   Body
                   or
                   Head
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   not
                   onely
                   thrust
                   the
                   rising-part
                   down
                   ,
                   but
                   threaten
                   him
                   with
                   your
                   angry
                   voice
                   ;
                   which
                   if
                   he
                   seem
                   to
                   slight
                   ,
                   then
                   add
                   a
                   sharp
                   jerk
                   or
                   two
                   with
                   a
                   Whipcord-lash
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   must
                   often
                   renew
                   his
                   Lessons
                   till
                   he
                   be
                   very
                   perfect
                   ,
                   still
                   encouraging
                   him
                   when
                   he
                   does
                   well
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   walk
                   abroad
                   with
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   take
                   a
                   fancy
                   to
                   range
                   ,
                   even
                   when
                   he
                   is
                   most
                   busie
                   speak
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   height
                   of
                   his
                   pastime
                   make
                   him
                   fall
                   upon
                   his
                   Belly
                   and
                   lie
                   close
                   ,
                   and
                   after
                   that
                   make
                   him
                   come
                   creeping
                   to
                   you
                   .
                
                 
                   After
                   this
                   teach
                   him
                   to
                   lead
                   in
                   a
                   String
                   or
                   Line
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   follow
                   you
                   close
                   at
                   your
                   heels
                   without
                   trouble
                   or
                   straining
                   of
                   his
                   Collar
                   .
                
                 
                   By
                   that
                   time
                   he
                   hath
                   learned
                   these
                   things
                   aforesaid
                   ,
                   I
                   conceive
                   the
                   Dog
                   may
                   be
                   a
                   twelvemonth
                   old
                   ;
                   at
                   which
                   time
                   the
                   season
                   of
                   the
                   year
                   being
                   fit
                   ,
                   take
                   him
                   into
                   the
                   field
                   and
                   permit
                   him
                   to
                   range
                   ,
                   but
                   still
                   in
                   obedience
                   to
                   your
                   command
                   .
                   But
                   if
                   through
                   wantonness
                   he
                   chance
                   to
                   babble
                   or
                   open
                   without
                   cause
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   then
                   correct
                   him
                   sharply
                   ,
                   either
                   with
                   a
                   Whipcord-lash
                   ,
                   or
                   biting
                   him
                   hard
                   at
                   the
                   Roots
                   of
                   his
                   Ears
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   brought
                   him
                   to
                   a
                   good
                   temper
                   and
                   just
                   obedience
                   ,
                   then
                   ,
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   you
                   see
                   him
                   come
                   upon
                   the
                   Haunt
                   of
                   any
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   (
                   which
                   you
                   shall
                   know
                   by
                   his
                   greater
                   eagerness
                   in
                   hunting
                   ,
                   as
                   also
                   by
                   a
                   kind
                   of
                   whimpering
                   and
                   whining
                   in
                   his
                   voice
                   ,
                   being
                   very
                   desirous
                   to
                   open
                   ,
                   but
                   not
                   daring
                   )
                   you
                   shall
                   speak
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   bidding
                   him
                   take
                   heed
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   like
                   :
                   but
                   if
                   notwithstanding
                   he
                   either
                   rush
                   in
                   and
                   spring
                   the
                   Partridge
                   ,
                   or
                   opens
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   the
                   Partridge
                   escapeth
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   then
                   correct
                   him
                   severely
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   him
                   off
                   again
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   him
                   hunt
                   in
                   some
                   haunt
                   where
                   you
                   know
                   a
                   Covy
                   lies
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   see
                   whether
                   he
                   hath
                   mended
                   his
                   fault
                   :
                   And
                   if
                   you
                   catch
                   any
                   with
                   your
                   Nets
                   ,
                   give
                   him
                   the
                   Heads
                   ,
                   Necks
                   ,
                   and
                   Pinions
                   for
                   his
                   future
                   encouragement
                   .
                
                 
                   Many
                   more
                   observations
                   there
                   are
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   too
                   numerous
                   here
                   to
                   recite
                   ;
                   wherefore
                   I
                   shall
                   desist
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   you
                   an
                   account
                   of
                   a
                   Water-dog
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   finish
                   this
                   present
                   Discourse
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   train
                   a
                   WATER-DOG
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   use
                   thereof
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   Shall
                   begin
                   with
                   the
                   best
                   proportion
                   of
                   a
                   Water-dog
                   ,
                   and
                   first
                   of
                   his
                   colour
                   .
                   Although
                   some
                   do
                   attribute
                   much
                   to
                   the
                   colour
                   ,
                   yet
                   experience
                   lets
                   us
                   know
                   they
                   are
                   uncertain
                   observations
                   .
                
                 
                   To
                   proceed
                   then
                   ,
                   your
                   Dog
                   may
                   be
                   any
                   colour
                   and
                   yet
                   excellent
                   ;
                   but
                   chuse
                   him
                   of
                   Hair
                   long
                   and
                   curled
                   ,
                   not
                   loose
                   and
                   shagged
                   :
                   his
                   Head
                   must
                   be
                   round
                   and
                   curled
                   ,
                   his
                   Ears
                   broad
                   and
                   hanging
                   ,
                   his
                   Eye
                   full
                   ,
                   lively
                   and
                   quick
                   ,
                   his
                   Nose
                   very
                   short
                   ,
                   his
                   Lip
                   Hound-like
                   ,
                   his
                   Chaps
                   with
                   a
                   full
                   set
                   of
                   strong
                   Teeth
                   ,
                   his
                   Neck
                   thick
                   and
                   short
                   ,
                   his
                   Breast
                   sharp
                   ,
                   his
                   Shoulders
                   broad
                   ,
                   his
                   Fore-legs
                   straight
                   ,
                   his
                   Chine
                   square
                   ,
                   his
                   Buttocks
                   round
                   ,
                   his
                   Belly
                   gaunt
                   ,
                   his
                   Thighs
                   brawny
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   For
                   the
                   training
                   this
                   Dog
                   ,
                   you
                   cannot
                   begin
                   too
                   soon
                   with
                   him
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   he
                   can
                   lap
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   teach
                   him
                   to
                   couch
                   and
                   lie
                   down
                   ,
                   not
                   daring
                   to
                   stir
                   from
                   that
                   posture
                   without
                   leave
                   .
                   Observe
                   in
                   his
                   first
                   teaching
                   to
                   let
                   him
                   eat
                   nothing
                   till
                   he
                   deserve
                   it
                   ;
                   and
                   let
                   him
                   have
                   no
                   more
                   Teachers
                   ,
                   Feeders
                   ,
                   Cherishers
                   ,
                   or
                   Correctors
                   but
                   one
                   ;
                   and
                   do
                   not
                   alter
                   that
                   word
                   you
                   first
                   use
                   in
                   his
                   information
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   Dog
                   takes
                   notice
                   of
                   the
                   sound
                   ,
                   not
                   the
                   language
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   acquainted
                   him
                   with
                   the
                   word
                   suitable
                   to
                   his
                   Lesson
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   then
                   teach
                   him
                   to
                   know
                   the
                   word
                   of
                   Reprehension
                   ,
                   which
                   at
                   first
                   should
                   not
                   be
                   used
                   without
                   a
                   Jerk
                   .
                   You
                   must
                   also
                   use
                   words
                   of
                   cherishing
                   ,
                   to
                   give
                   him
                   encouragement
                   when
                   he
                   does
                   well
                   :
                   and
                   in
                   all
                   these
                   words
                   you
                   must
                   be
                   constant
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   them
                   be
                   attended
                   with
                   spitting
                   in
                   his
                   mouth
                   ,
                   or
                   cherishing
                   of
                   the
                   hand
                   .
                   There
                   is
                   also
                   a
                   word
                   of
                   Advice
                   ,
                   instructing
                   him
                   when
                   he
                   does
                   amiss
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   made
                   him
                   understand
                   these
                   several
                   words
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   next
                   teach
                   him
                   to
                   lead
                   in
                   a
                   string
                   or
                   Collar
                   orderly
                   ,
                   not
                   running
                   too
                   forward
                   ,
                   nor
                   hanging
                   backward
                   .
                   After
                   this
                   you
                   must
                   teach
                   him
                   to
                   come
                   close
                   at
                   your
                   heels
                   without
                   leading
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   must
                   not
                   range
                   by
                   any
                   means
                   ,
                   unless
                   it
                   be
                   to
                   beat
                   Fowl
                   from
                   their
                   Covert
                   ,
                   or
                   to
                   fetch
                   the
                   wounded
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   next
                   place
                   you
                   must
                   teach
                   him
                   to
                   fetch
                   and
                   carry
                   any
                   thing
                   you
                   throw
                   out
                   of
                   your
                   hands
                   .
                   And
                   first
                   try
                   him
                   with
                   the
                   Glove
                   ,
                   shaking
                   it
                   over
                   his
                   Head
                   ,
                   and
                   making
                   him
                   snap
                   at
                   it
                   ;
                   and
                   sometimes
                   let
                   him
                   hold
                   it
                   in
                   his
                   mouth
                   ,
                   and
                   strive
                   to
                   pull
                   it
                   from
                   him
                   ;
                   and
                   at
                   last
                   throw
                   it
                   a
                   little
                   way
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   him
                   worry
                   it
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   :
                   and
                   so
                   by
                   degrees
                   make
                   him
                   bring
                   it
                   you
                   where-ever
                   you
                   throw
                   it
                   .
                   From
                   the
                   Glove
                   you
                   may
                   teach
                   him
                   to
                   fetch
                   Cudgels
                   ,
                   Bags
                   ,
                   Nets
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   use
                   him
                   to
                   carry
                   dead
                   Fowl
                   ,
                   it
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   amiss
                   ;
                   for
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   he
                   will
                   not
                   tear
                   or
                   bruise
                   what
                   Fowl
                   you
                   shoot
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   perfected
                   this
                   Lesson
                   ,
                   drop
                   something
                   behind
                   you
                   which
                   the
                   Dog
                   doth
                   not
                   see
                   ;
                   and
                   being
                   gone
                   a
                   little
                   way
                   from
                   it
                   ,
                   send
                   him
                   back
                   to
                   seek
                   it
                   ,
                   by
                   saying
                   ,
                   
                     Back
                     ,
                     I
                     have
                     lost
                  
                   .
                   If
                   he
                   seem
                   amazed
                   ,
                   point
                   with
                   your
                   Finger
                   ,
                   urging
                   him
                   to
                   seek
                   out
                   ,
                   and
                   leave
                   him
                   not
                   till
                   he
                   hath
                   done
                   it
                   .
                   Then
                   drop
                   something
                   at
                   a
                   greater
                   distance
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   him
                   find
                   out
                   that
                   too
                   ,
                   till
                   you
                   have
                   brought
                   him
                   to
                   go
                   back
                   a
                   mile
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Now
                   may
                   you
                   train
                   him
                   up
                   for
                   your
                   Gun
                   ,
                   making
                   him
                   stalk
                   after
                   you
                   step
                   by
                   step
                   ,
                   or
                   else
                   couch
                   and
                   lie
                   close
                   till
                   you
                   have
                   shot
                   .
                
                 
                   Many
                   more
                   necessary
                   Rules
                   there
                   are
                   ,
                   which
                   for
                   brevity
                   sake
                   I
                   must
                   omit
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   last
                   use
                   of
                   the
                   Water-dog
                   is
                   in
                   moulting-time
                   ,
                   when
                   Wild-fowl
                   cast
                   their
                   Feathers
                   and
                   are
                   unable
                   to
                   fly
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   between
                   Summer
                   and
                   Autumn
                   :
                   at
                   this
                   time
                   bring
                   your
                   Dog
                   to
                   their
                   Coverts
                   ,
                   and
                   hunt
                   them
                   out
                   into
                   the
                   stream
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   with
                   your
                   Nets
                   surprize
                   them
                   ,
                   driving
                   them
                   into
                   them
                   ;
                   for
                   at
                   this
                   time
                   sheep
                   will
                   not
                   drive
                   more
                   easily
                   .
                   And
                   though
                   some
                   may
                   object
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   sickly
                   time
                   is
                   unseasonable
                   ;
                   yet
                   if
                   they
                   consider
                   what
                   excellent
                   food
                   these
                   Fowl
                   will
                   prove
                   when
                   cramm'd
                   ,
                   the
                   taking
                   of
                   them
                   may
                   be
                   very
                   excusable
                   .
                   I
                   have
                   eaten
                   of
                   them
                   after
                   they
                   have
                   been
                   fed
                   a
                   while
                   with
                   Livers
                   of
                   Beast
                   ,
                   Whey
                   ,
                   Curds
                   ,
                   Barley
                   ,
                   Paste
                   ,
                   scalded
                   Bran
                   ,
                   and
                   such-like
                   ;
                   they
                   have
                   proved
                   exceeding
                   fat
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   tasted
                   not
                   so
                   fishy
                   as
                   they
                   do
                   by
                   their
                   natural
                   feeding
                   ,
                   but
                   exceeding
                   sweet
                   ,
                   and
                   deserve
                   to
                   be
                   preferred
                   before
                   any
                   Fowl
                   whatever
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 How
                 to
                 take
                 ,
                 preserve
                 ,
                 and
                 keep
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Singing-birds
                 that
                 are
                 commonly
                 known
                 in
                 England
                 .
                 Giving
                 also
                 an
                 account
                 of
                 their
                 Nature
                 ,
                 Breeding
                 ,
                 Feeding
                 ,
                 Diseases
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 ,
                 with
                 their
                 Remedies
                 .
              
               
                 IN
                 the
                 preceeding
                 Discourse
                 I
                 have
                 given
                 you
                 a
                 Summary
                 account
                 of
                 the
                 several
                 ways
                 and
                 artifices
                 which
                 are
                 used
                 to
                 take
                 either
                 Land-fowl
                 ,
                 or
                 Fowl
                 properly
                 belonging
                 to
                 the
                 Water
                 .
                 Upon
                 second
                 thoughts
                 I
                 look
                 upon
                 this
                 Third
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Gentlemans
                   Recreation
                
                 ,
                 called
                 a
                 
                   Treatise
                   of
                   Fowling
                
                 imperfect
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 add
                 not
                 now
                 what
                 I
                 omitted
                 before
                 ;
                 a
                 small
                 Essay
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 Taking
                 ,
                 Preserving
                 ,
                 and
                 Keeping
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Singing-birds
                 commonly
                 known
                 in
                 these
                 his
                 Majesties
                 three
                 Kingdoms
                 .
                 They
                 are
                 thus
                 called
                 .
              
               
                 
                   
                     The
                     Nightingal
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Black-bird
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Wood-lark
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Linnet
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Chaff-finch
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     
                       Rob.
                       Red-breast
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Starling
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Tit-lark
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Bull-finch
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Canary-bird
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Throstle
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Skie-lark
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Gold-finch
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Green-finch
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Wren
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Red-start
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Hedgesparrow
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Lastly
                 ,
                 their
                 Diseases
                 and
                 Cures
                 .
              
               
                 
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   NIGHTINGAL
                   .
                
                 
                   ACcording
                   to
                   the
                   judgment
                   of
                   most
                   men
                   ,
                   the
                   Nightingale
                   carries
                   the
                   Bell
                   from
                   all
                   other
                   Singing-birds
                   ,
                   opening
                   her
                   charming
                   Mouth
                   not
                   onely
                   sweetly
                   ,
                   but
                   with
                   much
                   variety
                   of
                   pleasant
                   Notes
                   :
                   It
                   is
                   but
                   a
                   small
                   Bird
                   ,
                   yet
                   hath
                   a
                   loud
                   voice
                   ;
                   which
                   made
                   the
                   Poet
                   call
                   her
                   -----
                   
                     Vox
                     ,
                     &
                     praeterea
                     nihil
                  
                   .
                   They
                   are
                   so
                   well
                   known
                   ,
                   a
                   description
                   of
                   them
                   would
                   be
                   needless
                   ;
                   and
                   are
                   not
                   onely
                   esteemed
                   of
                   here
                   ,
                   but
                   in
                   Italy
                   and
                   other
                   parts
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   appear
                   to
                   us
                   at
                   the
                   latter
                   end
                   of
                   March
                   ,
                   or
                   beginning
                   of
                   April
                   ,
                   and
                   very
                   few
                   know
                   where
                   they
                   inhabit
                   all
                   the
                   Winter
                   ;
                   some
                   think
                   they
                   sleep
                   all
                   that
                   season
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   makes
                   her
                   Nest
                   commonly
                   about
                   two
                   foot
                   above
                   ground
                   ,
                   either
                   in
                   thick
                   Quick-set-hedges
                   ,
                   or
                   in
                   Beds
                   of
                   Nettles
                   where
                   old
                   Quick-set
                   hath
                   been
                   thrown
                   together
                   .
                   She
                   hatcheth
                   her
                   young
                   ones
                   about
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   May
                   ,
                   and
                   naturally
                   delights
                   to
                   frequent
                   cool
                   places
                   ,
                   where
                   small
                   Brooks
                   are
                   garnished
                   with
                   pleasant
                   Groves
                   ,
                   and
                   Quick-set-hedges
                   are
                   not
                   far
                   distant
                   .
                
                 
                   That
                   Nightingale
                   which
                   in
                   my
                   opinion
                   is
                   the
                   best
                   to
                   keep
                   ,
                   is
                   he
                   that
                   is
                   the
                   earliest
                   Bird
                   of
                   the
                   Spring
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   will
                   sing
                   the
                   better
                   ,
                   having
                   more
                   time
                   to
                   hear
                   the
                   Old
                   one
                   sing
                   than
                   those
                   that
                   are
                   hatched
                   later
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   young
                   Nightingales
                   must
                   be
                   taken
                   out
                   of
                   their
                   Nests
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   indifferently
                   well
                   fledg'd
                   in
                   a
                   mediocrity
                   :
                   for
                   if
                   well
                   feathered
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   become
                   sullen
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   too
                   little
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   so
                   tender
                   the
                   cold
                   will
                   kill
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   For
                   their
                   meat
                   give
                   them
                   lean
                   Beef
                   ,
                   Sheeps-heart
                   ,
                   or
                   Bullocks-heart
                   ,
                   taking
                   away
                   first
                   the
                   fat
                   Skin
                   that
                   covereth
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   take
                   away
                   the
                   Sinews
                   ;
                   after
                   this
                   ,
                   soak
                   the
                   like
                   quantity
                   of
                   white
                   Bread
                   in
                   water
                   ,
                   and
                   squeeze
                   out
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   water
                   ;
                   then
                   mince
                   it
                   small
                   ;
                   then
                   feed
                   them
                   with
                   a
                   Stick
                   ,
                   taking
                   upon
                   the
                   point
                   thereof
                   the
                   quantity
                   of
                   a
                   Grey
                   Pea
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   every
                   one
                   of
                   them
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   such
                   gobbets
                   in
                   an
                   hour
                   ,
                   as
                   long
                   as
                   they
                   shall
                   endure
                   to
                   be
                   in
                   the
                   Nest
                   :
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   able
                   to
                   flie
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Nest
                   ,
                   then
                   put
                   them
                   into
                   a
                   Cage
                   with
                   several
                   Pearches
                   for
                   them
                   to
                   sit
                   upon
                   ,
                   and
                   line
                   them
                   with
                   some
                   green
                   Bays
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   are
                   very
                   subject
                   to
                   the
                   Cramp
                   at
                   first
                   ;
                   and
                   at
                   the
                   bottom
                   of
                   the
                   Cage
                   put
                   in
                   some
                   Moss
                   or
                   Hey
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   for
                   other
                   Birds
                   as
                   the
                   Nightingale
                   :
                   it
                   is
                   safe
                   to
                   line
                   their
                   Cages
                   against
                   Winter
                   ,
                   or
                   keep
                   them
                   in
                   some
                   warm
                   place
                   .
                   When
                   they
                   are
                   first
                   Caged
                   ,
                   continue
                   for
                   a
                   while
                   to
                   put
                   some
                   of
                   their
                   Meat
                   by
                   them
                   mingled
                   with
                   Ants
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   induce
                   them
                   to
                   feed
                   themselves
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   Summer
                   you
                   must
                   feed
                   them
                   every
                   day
                   with
                   fresh
                   Meat
                   ,
                   otherwise
                   it
                   will
                   quickly
                   grow
                   stale
                   or
                   stink
                   .
                   When
                   they
                   begin
                   to
                   moult
                   ,
                   give
                   them
                   half
                   Egg
                   hard
                   boiled
                   ,
                   and
                   half
                   Sheeps-heart
                   mingled
                   with
                   Saffron
                   and
                   Water
                   .
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   Duck-eggs
                   will
                   kill
                   them
                   :
                   you
                   may
                   give
                   them
                   sometimes
                   red
                   Worms
                   ,
                   Caterpillars
                   ,
                   and
                   Hog-lice
                   ;
                   Meal-worms
                   make
                   them
                   familiar
                   ,
                   suffering
                   them
                   to
                   take
                   them
                   out
                   of
                   your
                   hand
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   way
                   of
                   taking
                   Old
                   and
                   Young
                   is
                   thus
                   :
                   For
                   the
                   Young
                   ,
                   observe
                   where
                   the
                   Cock
                   sings
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   he
                   sings
                   long
                   ,
                   the
                   Hen
                   is
                   not
                   far
                   from
                   that
                   place
                   ,
                   who
                   oftentimes
                   betrays
                   her
                   Off-spring
                   by
                   being
                   too
                   careful
                   ;
                   for
                   when
                   you
                   come
                   near
                   her
                   Nest
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   Sweet
                   and
                   Cur
                   :
                   if
                   notwithstanding
                   this
                   ,
                   you
                   cannot
                   find
                   her
                   Nest
                   ,
                   stick
                   a
                   Meal-worm
                   or
                   two
                   upon
                   a
                   Thorn
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   lying
                   down
                   or
                   standing
                   ,
                   observe
                   which
                   way
                   
                   it
                   is
                   carried
                   by
                   the
                   Old
                   one
                   ,
                   and
                   drawing
                   near
                   ,
                   you
                   will
                   hear
                   the
                   young
                   ones
                   when
                   she
                   feeds
                   them
                   .
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   found
                   out
                   the
                   Nest
                   ,
                   touch
                   not
                   the
                   young
                   ;
                   for
                   if
                   you
                   do
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   not
                   tarry
                   in
                   the
                   Nest.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   way
                   to
                   take
                   Branchers
                   ,
                   by
                   others
                   called
                   Pushers
                   ,
                   (
                   because
                   when
                   throughly
                   fleg'd
                   the
                   Old
                   ones
                   push
                   them
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Nest
                   )
                   I
                   say
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   take
                   them
                   after
                   this
                   manner
                   :
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   found
                   where
                   they
                   are
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   shall
                   know
                   by
                   their
                   Curring
                   and
                   Sweeting
                   ;
                   (
                   for
                   if
                   you
                   call
                   true
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   answer
                   you
                   immediately
                   :
                   )
                   having
                   your
                   Tackle
                   all
                   ready
                   ,
                   scrape
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   Ditch
                   or
                   Bank-side
                   ,
                   the
                   Earth
                   about
                   three
                   quarters
                   of
                   a
                   yard
                   square
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   may
                   look
                   fresh
                   ;
                   then
                   take
                   a
                   Bird-trap
                   ,
                   or
                   Net-trap
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   make
                   after
                   this
                   fashion
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Net-trap
                   for
                   Nightingales
                   .
                
                 
                   Take
                   a
                   Net
                   made
                   of
                   green
                   Silk
                   or
                   Thread
                   ,
                   about
                   the
                   compass
                   of
                   a
                   yard
                   ,
                   made
                   after
                   the
                   fashion
                   of
                   a
                   Shove-net
                   for
                   Fishes
                   ;
                   then
                   get
                   some
                   large
                   Wyre
                   ,
                   and
                   bending
                   it
                   round
                   ,
                   joyn
                   both
                   ends
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   put
                   into
                   a
                   short
                   Stick
                   about
                   an
                   Inch
                   and
                   an
                   half
                   long
                   ;
                   then
                   you
                   must
                   have
                   a
                   piece
                   of
                   Iron
                   with
                   two
                   Cheeks
                   and
                   a
                   hole
                   on
                   each
                   side
                   ,
                   through
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   put
                   some
                   fine
                   Whip-cord
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   times
                   double
                   ,
                   that
                   so
                   it
                   may
                   hold
                   the
                   piece
                   of
                   Wood
                   the
                   better
                   unto
                   which
                   the
                   ends
                   of
                   the
                   Wyre
                   are
                   put
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   a
                   Button
                   on
                   each
                   side
                   the
                   Iron
                   ,
                   twist
                   the
                   Whip-cord
                   ,
                   that
                   so
                   the
                   Net
                   may
                   play
                   the
                   quicker
                   :
                   you
                   must
                   fasten
                   the
                   Net
                   to
                   the
                   Wyre
                   as
                   you
                   do
                   a
                   Shove-net
                   to
                   the
                   Hoop
                   ;
                   then
                   get
                   a
                   Board
                   of
                   the
                   compass
                   of
                   your
                   Wyre
                   ,
                   and
                   joyn
                   your
                   two
                   cheeks
                   of
                   Iron
                   at
                   the
                   handle
                   of
                   your
                   Board
                   ;
                   then
                   make
                   a
                   hole
                   in
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   your
                   Board
                   ;
                   and
                   put
                   a
                   piece
                   of
                   Stick
                   of
                   about
                   two
                   Inches
                   long
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Hole
                   at
                   the
                   Top
                   of
                   your
                   Stick
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   must
                   
                   have
                   a
                   Peg
                   to
                   put
                   in
                   with
                   two
                   Wyres
                   ,
                   an
                   Inch
                   and
                   half
                   long
                   ,
                   to
                   stick
                   your
                   Meal-worm
                   upon
                   ;
                   then
                   tye
                   a
                   String
                   in
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   your
                   Net
                   ,
                   drawing
                   the
                   Net
                   up
                   ,
                   having
                   an
                   eye
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   handle
                   to
                   put
                   your
                   Thread
                   through
                   ,
                   pull
                   it
                   till
                   it
                   stands
                   upright
                   ,
                   then
                   pull
                   it
                   through
                   the
                   hole
                   of
                   the
                   Stick
                   that
                   stands
                   in
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   your
                   Board
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   your
                   Peg
                   in
                   the
                   hole
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   will
                   hold
                   the
                   String
                   that
                   the
                   Net
                   cannot
                   fall
                   down
                   :
                   you
                   must
                   put
                   two
                   Worms
                   upon
                   the
                   Wyres
                   ,
                   before
                   you
                   put
                   it
                   into
                   the
                   hole
                   ,
                   and
                   set
                   it
                   as
                   gently
                   as
                   you
                   can
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   may
                   fall
                   with
                   the
                   first
                   touch
                   of
                   the
                   Nightingale
                   :
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   your
                   Net
                   and
                   Worm
                   ready
                   ,
                   having
                   first
                   scraped
                   the
                   place
                   ,
                   then
                   put
                   some
                   Ants
                   in
                   your
                   Trap-cage
                   ,
                   and
                   upon
                   your
                   Board
                   put
                   some
                   Worms
                   upon
                   Thorns
                   ,
                   and
                   set
                   them
                   at
                   the
                   bottom
                   of
                   your
                   Trap-cage
                   ,
                   little
                   holes
                   being
                   made
                   for
                   the
                   same
                   purpose
                   to
                   stick
                   in
                   the
                   ends
                   of
                   your
                   Thorns
                   :
                   Then
                   plant
                   your
                   Trap
                   near
                   to
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   you
                   heard
                   them
                   call
                   ,
                   either
                   in
                   the
                   Ditch
                   ,
                   or
                   by
                   the
                   Bank-side
                   ,
                   or
                   corner
                   of
                   a
                   Hedge
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   walk
                   away
                   ;
                   you
                   may
                   set
                   what
                   number
                   of
                   Trap-cages
                   you
                   think
                   convenient
                   .
                   Do
                   what
                   is
                   here
                   proposed
                   ,
                   and
                   you
                   need
                   not
                   doubt
                   the
                   having
                   of
                   your
                   desires
                   satisfied
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   taken
                   your
                   Nightingales
                   ,
                   (
                   the
                   times
                   is
                   in
                   July
                   or
                   August
                   )
                   tye
                   the
                   ends
                   of
                   their
                   Wings
                   with
                   some
                   brown
                   Thread
                   ,
                   that
                   so
                   they
                   may
                   be
                   disenabled
                   to
                   hurt
                   themselves
                   by
                   beating
                   their
                   tender
                   bodies
                   against
                   the
                   top
                   and
                   Wyres
                   of
                   the
                   Cage
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   the
                   Cage
                   be
                   covered
                   above
                   half
                   with
                   green
                   Bays
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   days
                   let
                   him
                   be
                   very
                   little
                   disturbed
                   by
                   company
                   ;
                   but
                   withal
                   forget
                   not
                   to
                   feed
                   them
                   half
                   a
                   dozen
                   times
                   every
                   day
                   with
                   Sheeps-heart
                   and
                   Egg
                   shred
                   very
                   fine
                   ,
                   and
                   mingle
                   red
                   Ants
                   therewith
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   few
                   red
                   Earth-worms
                   would
                   not
                   do
                   amiss
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   no
                   Nightingale
                   at
                   first
                   taking
                   will
                   eat
                   any
                   other
                   food
                   than
                   what
                   is
                   living
                   ,
                   as
                   Worms
                   ,
                   
                   Ants
                   ,
                   Flies
                   ,
                   or
                   Caterpillars
                   ;
                   which
                   through
                   sullenness
                   if
                   he
                   will
                   not
                   eat
                   ,
                   then
                   take
                   him
                   out
                   ,
                   and
                   upon
                   the
                   point
                   of
                   a
                   Stick
                   (
                   first
                   opening
                   his
                   Bill
                   )
                   give
                   him
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   gobbets
                   one
                   after
                   another
                   ;
                   then
                   turn
                   him
                   into
                   the
                   Cage
                   ,
                   strowing
                   the
                   bottom
                   thereof
                   with
                   Egg
                   and
                   minced
                   Sheeps-heart
                   mingled
                   with
                   some
                   Pismires
                   .
                   These
                   Nightingales
                   that
                   are
                   taken
                   at
                   this
                   time
                   of
                   the
                   year
                   ,
                   will
                   not
                   sing
                   till
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   October
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   they
                   will
                   hold
                   in
                   song
                   till
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   June
                   :
                   But
                   the
                   Nightingales
                   that
                   are
                   taken
                   from
                   the
                   first
                   of
                   April
                   to
                   the
                   twentieth
                   ,
                   are
                   the
                   best
                   Birds
                   for
                   Song
                   in
                   the
                   whole
                   Universe
                   ;
                   and
                   these
                   are
                   taken
                   with
                   Trap-cages
                   or
                   Trap-nets
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Branchers
                   aforesaid
                   ,
                   in
                   
                     June
                     ,
                     July
                  
                   ;
                   and
                   August
                   .
                   Here
                   observe
                   ,
                   that
                   Nestlings
                   nor
                   Branchers
                   (
                   except
                   they
                   have
                   an
                   old
                   Bird
                   to
                   sing
                   over
                   them
                   )
                   have
                   not
                   the
                   true
                   Song
                   for
                   the
                   first
                   twelve
                   months
                   .
                   When
                   you
                   have
                   so
                   tamed
                   them
                   that
                   they
                   begin
                   to
                   Cur
                   and
                   Sweet
                   with
                   chearfulness
                   ,
                   and
                   record
                   softly
                   to
                   themselves
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   a
                   certain
                   signe
                   that
                   they
                   eat
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   you
                   need
                   not
                   trouble
                   your self
                   with
                   feeding
                   them
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   they
                   sing
                   before
                   they
                   feed
                   ,
                   they
                   commonly
                   prove
                   most
                   excellent
                   Birds
                   :
                   Those
                   Birds
                   that
                   are
                   long
                   a
                   feeding
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   no
                   Curring
                   nor
                   Sweeting
                   ,
                   are
                   not
                   worth
                   the
                   keeping
                   .
                   If
                   you
                   have
                   a
                   Bird
                   that
                   will
                   flutter
                   and
                   bolt
                   up
                   his
                   head
                   in
                   the
                   night
                   against
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   the
                   Cage
                   ,
                   keep
                   him
                   not
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   is
                   not
                   onely
                   good
                   for
                   nothing
                   ,
                   but
                   his
                   bad
                   example
                   will
                   teach
                   the
                   best
                   of
                   your
                   Birds
                   to
                   do
                   the
                   like
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   to
                   the
                   intent
                   you
                   may
                   not
                   keep
                   Hens
                   instead
                   of
                   Cocks
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   not
                   onely
                   be
                   at
                   useless
                   charge
                   ,
                   but
                   be
                   frustrated
                   of
                   your
                   expectation
                   ,
                   you
                   shall
                   distinguish
                   their
                   Sexes
                   by
                   these
                   observations
                   .
                   The
                   Cock
                   in
                   the
                   judgment
                   of
                   some
                   is
                   both
                   longer
                   and
                   bigger
                   :
                   others
                   say
                   the
                   Cock
                   hath
                   a
                   greater
                   Eye
                   ,
                   a
                   longer
                   Bill
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Tail
                   more
                   reddish
                   :
                   others
                   pretend
                   to
                   know
                   them
                   by
                   the
                   Pinion
                   of
                   the
                   Wing
                   ,
                   and
                   Feathers
                   on
                   the
                   Head.
                   
                   These
                   Rules
                   I
                   look
                   not
                   upon
                   as
                   infallible
                   ,
                   having
                   found
                   them
                   contrary
                   to
                   truth
                   by
                   my
                   own
                   experience
                   :
                   Now
                   to
                   undeceive
                   you
                   ,
                   take
                   these
                   true
                   Experimental
                   Observations
                   .
                   First
                   ,
                   take
                   notice
                   that
                   if
                   any
                   of
                   your
                   Nestlings
                   (
                   before
                   they
                   can
                   feed
                   themselves
                   )
                   do
                   Record
                   a
                   little
                   to
                   themselves
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   their
                   Recording
                   you
                   perceive
                   their
                   Throats
                   to
                   wag
                   ,
                   you
                   need
                   not
                   doubt
                   that
                   they
                   are
                   Cocks
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   they
                   come
                   to
                   feed
                   themselves
                   ,
                   the
                   Hen
                   will
                   Record
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   the
                   Cock
                   ;
                   therefore
                   mark
                   them
                   when
                   young
                   ,
                   for
                   it
                   is
                   very
                   difficult
                   to
                   distinguish
                   afterwards
                   .
                
                 
                   Branchers
                   ,
                   whether
                   Cocks
                   or
                   Hens
                   (
                   when
                   taken
                   and
                   do
                   feed
                   themselves
                   )
                   will
                   Record
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   Cock
                   does
                   it
                   much
                   longer
                   ,
                   louder
                   ,
                   and
                   oftener
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   best
                   sort
                   of
                   Nightingales
                   frequent
                   High-ways
                   ,
                   Orchards
                   ,
                   and
                   sing
                   close
                   by
                   houses
                   :
                   these
                   when
                   taken
                   will
                   feed
                   soonest
                   ,
                   being
                   more
                   acquainted
                   with
                   the
                   company
                   of
                   people
                   ;
                   and
                   after
                   their
                   feeding
                   will
                   grow
                   familiar
                   ,
                   and
                   sing
                   speedily
                   .
                   Observe
                   ,
                   not
                   to
                   untye
                   too
                   soon
                   the
                   Wings
                   of
                   your
                   Nightingale
                   ;
                   for
                   if
                   he
                   be
                   not
                   very
                   familiar
                   and
                   tame
                   when
                   he
                   is
                   untyed
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   be
                   apt
                   to
                   beat
                   himself
                   against
                   the
                   Cage
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   spoil
                   himself
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   as
                   to
                   their
                   Diseases
                   and
                   Cures
                   ,
                   observe
                   this
                   ,
                   that
                   at
                   the
                   latter
                   end
                   of
                   August
                   they
                   grow
                   very
                   fat
                   ,
                   either
                   abroad
                   or
                   in
                   a
                   Cage
                   :
                   when
                   it
                   begins
                   to
                   abate
                   when
                   they
                   do
                   not
                   sing
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   a
                   dangerous
                   signe
                   ;
                   wherefore
                   to
                   remedy
                   this
                   ,
                   keep
                   them
                   very
                   warm
                   ,
                   giving
                   them
                   Saffron
                   in
                   their
                   meat
                   or
                   water
                   :
                   when
                   you
                   perceive
                   the
                   growth
                   of
                   their
                   fat
                   ,
                   purge
                   them
                   thrice
                   a
                   Week
                   for
                   a
                   Month
                   ,
                   either
                   with
                   a
                   Worm
                   which
                   is
                   found
                   in
                   Pigeon-houses
                   ,
                   or
                   with
                   a
                   speckled
                   Spider
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   may
                   find
                   plentifully
                   about
                   Vines
                   ,
                   Currans
                   ,
                   or
                   Goose-berry-bushes
                   in
                   August
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   no
                   time
                   else
                   .
                   If
                   they
                   are
                   melancholy
                   ,
                   put
                   into
                   their
                   Drinking-pot
                   some
                   Liquorish
                   with
                   a
                   little
                   white
                   Sugar-candy
                   ,
                   giving
                   them
                   to
                   feed
                   
                   on
                   Sheeps-heart
                   shred
                   small
                   ,
                   some
                   Meal-worms
                   ,
                   and
                   Eggs
                   mingled
                   with
                   Pismires
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   strange
                   that
                   some
                   of
                   these
                   Birds
                   when
                   fat
                   will
                   fast
                   three
                   weeks
                   ,
                   which
                   I
                   have
                   known
                   ;
                   but
                   it
                   is
                   better
                   when
                   they
                   eat
                   .
                
                 
                   Nightingales
                   kept
                   in
                   a
                   Cage
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   years
                   ,
                   are
                   subject
                   to
                   the
                   Gout
                   :
                   for
                   their
                   Cure
                   ,
                   take
                   fresh
                   Butter
                   and
                   anoint
                   their
                   Feet
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   days
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   will
                   be
                   well
                   again
                   .
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   for
                   want
                   of
                   keeping
                   them
                   clean
                   ,
                   their
                   Feet
                   are
                   clog'd
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   their
                   Claws
                   will
                   rot
                   off
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   subject
                   to
                   Gout
                   and
                   Cramp
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   take
                   no
                   delight
                   in
                   themselves
                   ;
                   to
                   prevent
                   these
                   mischiefs
                   ,
                   put
                   dry
                   Sand
                   into
                   the
                   bottom
                   of
                   their
                   Cages
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   are
                   likewise
                   troubled
                   with
                   Aposthumes
                   and
                   breaking
                   out
                   about
                   their
                   Eyes
                   and
                   Neb
                   ;
                   for
                   which
                   ,
                   use
                   Gapons-grease
                   .
                   And
                   thus
                   much
                   of
                   the
                   Diseases
                   of
                   the
                   Nightingale
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   CANARY-BIRD
                   .
                
                 
                   THough
                   many
                   of
                   these
                   Birds
                   are
                   lately
                   brought
                   from
                   Germany
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   are
                   called
                   by
                   the
                   name
                   of
                   that
                   Country
                   ,
                   yet
                   undoubtedly
                   their
                   Original
                   proceeded
                   from
                   the
                   Canary-Islands
                   .
                   They
                   are
                   in
                   colour
                   much
                   like
                   our
                   Green-birds
                   ,
                   but
                   differ
                   much
                   in
                   their
                   Song
                   and
                   Nature
                   ;
                   and
                   in
                   this
                   they
                   differ
                   from
                   all
                   Birds
                   :
                   For
                   as
                   others
                   are
                   subject
                   to
                   be
                   fat
                   ,
                   the
                   Cocks
                   of
                   these
                   never
                   are
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   the
                   greatness
                   of
                   their
                   mettle
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   lavish
                   singing
                   ;
                   either
                   of
                   these
                   will
                   not
                   suffer
                   him
                   to
                   keep
                   hardly
                   flesh
                   upon
                   his
                   back
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   best
                   of
                   them
                   are
                   shaped
                   long
                   ,
                   standing
                   straight
                   and
                   boldly
                   .
                
                 
                   Before
                   you
                   buy
                   either
                   these
                   German
                   or
                   Canary-birds
                   ,
                   hear
                   them
                   sing
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   you
                   will
                   know
                   how
                   to
                   please
                   
                   your
                   Ear
                   or
                   fancy
                   ,
                   either
                   with
                   Sweet-song
                   ,
                   Lavish-note
                   ,
                   or
                   Long-song
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   best
                   ,
                   having
                   most
                   variety
                   of
                   Notes
                   .
                   Some
                   like
                   those
                   that
                   whisk
                   and
                   chew
                   like
                   unto
                   a
                   Tit-lark
                   ;
                   others
                   are
                   for
                   those
                   that
                   begin
                   like
                   a
                   Skie-lark
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   continue
                   their
                   Song
                   with
                   a
                   long
                   ,
                   yet
                   sweet
                   Note
                   ;
                   a
                   third
                   sort
                   are
                   for
                   those
                   that
                   begin
                   their
                   Song
                   with
                   the
                   Skie-lark
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   run
                   upon
                   the
                   Notes
                   of
                   the
                   Nightingale
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   very
                   pleasant
                   if
                   he
                   does
                   it
                   well
                   :
                   The
                   last
                   is
                   for
                   a
                   loud
                   Note
                   and
                   lavish
                   ,
                   regarding
                   no
                   more
                   in
                   it
                   than
                   a
                   noise
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   would
                   know
                   whether
                   your
                   Canary-bird
                   be
                   in
                   health
                   before
                   you
                   purchase
                   him
                   ,
                   take
                   him
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Store-cage
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   him
                   into
                   a
                   clean
                   Cage
                   alone
                   ;
                   where
                   if
                   he
                   stand
                   boldly
                   without
                   crouching
                   ,
                   without
                   shrinking
                   Feathers
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Eyes
                   looking
                   brisk
                   and
                   chearfully
                   ;
                   these
                   are
                   good
                   signes
                   of
                   a
                   healthy
                   Bird
                   :
                   But
                   now
                   observe
                   ,
                   if
                   he
                   bolts
                   his
                   Tail
                   like
                   a
                   Nightingale
                   after
                   he
                   hath
                   dunged
                   ,
                   if
                   shews
                   he
                   is
                   not
                   well
                   ;
                   though
                   he
                   seem
                   lively
                   for
                   the
                   present
                   ,
                   there
                   is
                   some
                   Distemper
                   near
                   attending
                   :
                   likewise
                   if
                   he
                   either
                   dung
                   very
                   thin
                   and
                   watry
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   a
                   slimy
                   white
                   ,
                   and
                   no
                   blackness
                   in
                   it
                   ;
                   these
                   are
                   dangerous
                   signes
                   of
                   death
                   approaching
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   Birds
                   are
                   subject
                   to
                   many
                   Diseases
                   ,
                   as
                   Imposthumes
                   which
                   afflict
                   their
                   head
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   of
                   a
                   yellow
                   colour
                   ,
                   causing
                   a
                   great
                   heaviness
                   ,
                   and
                   withal
                   a
                   falling
                   from
                   the
                   Pearch
                   ,
                   and
                   death
                   ensuing
                   ,
                   if
                   this
                   Malady
                   be
                   not
                   speedily
                   cured
                   .
                   The
                   most
                   approved
                   Cure
                   is
                   to
                   make
                   an
                   Ointment
                   of
                   fresh
                   Butter
                   and
                   Capons-grease
                   melted
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   anoint
                   therewith
                   the
                   Bird's
                   Imposthume
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   days
                   together
                   :
                   if
                   it
                   become
                   soft
                   ,
                   open
                   it
                   gently
                   and
                   let
                   out
                   the
                   matter
                   ;
                   then
                   anoint
                   the
                   place
                   with
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   Ointment
                   ,
                   and
                   this
                   will
                   immediately
                   cure
                   him
                   :
                   during
                   the
                   Cure
                   ,
                   give
                   him
                   Figs
                   ,
                   and
                   Liquorish
                   ,
                   and
                   white
                   Sugar-candy
                   in
                   his
                   Water
                   .
                
                 
                   Canary-birds
                   above
                   three
                   years
                   old
                   are
                   called
                   Runts
                   ;
                   
                   at
                   two
                   years
                   old
                   they
                   are
                   called
                   Eriffs
                   ;
                   and
                   those
                   of
                   the
                   first
                   year
                   are
                   called
                   Branchers
                   ;
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   new
                   flown
                   and
                   cannot
                   feed
                   themselves
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   called
                   Pushers
                   ;
                   and
                   those
                   that
                   are
                   brought
                   up
                   by
                   hand
                   ,
                   Nestlings
                   .
                   Now
                   since
                   there
                   are
                   but
                   few
                   Canary-birds
                   which
                   breed
                   in
                   England
                   ,
                   it
                   being
                   so
                   great
                   a
                   trouble
                   to
                   look
                   after
                   them
                   ,
                   I
                   shall
                   here
                   insert
                   nothing
                   concerning
                   the
                   ordering
                   when
                   they
                   intend
                   or
                   begin
                   to
                   build
                   ;
                   what
                   things
                   are
                   necessary
                   for
                   them
                   when
                   they
                   begin
                   to
                   breed
                   ;
                   how
                   to
                   order
                   them
                   when
                   they
                   have
                   young
                   ones
                   ;
                   or
                   how
                   to
                   breed
                   the
                   young
                   ones
                   when
                   taken
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Nest
                   :
                   Those
                   who
                   intend
                   to
                   be
                   informed
                   of
                   every
                   thing
                   hereunto
                   belonging
                   ,
                   may
                   easily
                   be
                   instructed
                   by
                   applying
                   themselves
                   to
                   several
                   Germans
                   in
                   and
                   about
                   the
                   City
                   ,
                   who
                   make
                   it
                   their
                   business
                   to
                   breed
                   Canary-birds
                   after
                   the
                   best
                   (
                   German
                   )
                   fashion
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   BLACK-BIRD
                   .
                
                 
                   AS
                   some
                   do
                   esteem
                   the
                   Nightingale
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   best
                   Singing-bird
                   in
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   so
                   in
                   my
                   opinion
                   the
                   Black-bird
                   is
                   the
                   worst
                   ;
                   yet
                   they
                   are
                   as
                   frequently
                   kept
                   as
                   their
                   betters
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   in
                   great
                   estimation
                   amongst
                   the
                   Vulgar
                   ;
                   for
                   no
                   other
                   reason
                   that
                   I
                   know
                   ,
                   than
                   for
                   the
                   loudness
                   and
                   coarseness
                   of
                   his
                   Song
                   ,
                   as
                   they
                   are
                   Borish
                   in
                   their
                   Speech
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   little
                   but
                   rusticity
                   in
                   their
                   Conditions
                   .
                   To
                   be
                   short
                   ,
                   he
                   is
                   better
                   to
                   be
                   eaten
                   than
                   kept
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   much
                   sweeter
                   to
                   the
                   Palate
                   when
                   dead
                   ,
                   than
                   to
                   the
                   Ear
                   when
                   living
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   builds
                   her
                   Nest
                   upon
                   old
                   Stumps
                   of
                   Trees
                   by
                   Ditch-sides
                   ,
                   or
                   in
                   thick
                   Hedges
                   .
                   As
                   they
                   begin
                   betimes
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   March
                   ,
                   (
                   when
                   many
                   times
                   the
                   Woods
                   are
                   full
                   of
                   Snow
                   )
                   so
                   they
                   breed
                   
                   often
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   times
                   a
                   year
                   ,
                   according
                   as
                   they
                   lose
                   their
                   Nest.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   young
                   Black-birds
                   are
                   brought
                   up
                   almost
                   with
                   any
                   meat
                   whatsoever
                   ;
                   but
                   above
                   all
                   ,
                   they
                   love
                   Ground-worms
                   ,
                   Sheeps-heart
                   ,
                   hard
                   Eggs
                   ,
                   and
                   white
                   Bread
                   and
                   Milk
                   mixt
                   together
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Bird
                   sings
                   somewhat
                   more
                   than
                   three
                   months
                   in
                   the
                   year
                   ;
                   his
                   Note
                   ,
                   as
                   I
                   said
                   ,
                   is
                   harsh
                   ,
                   therefore
                   to
                   adde
                   a
                   value
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   let
                   him
                   be
                   taught
                   to
                   whistle
                   ;
                   yet
                   put
                   Song
                   and
                   Whistle
                   together
                   ,
                   in
                   my
                   judgment
                   it
                   is
                   fitter
                   for
                   a
                   large
                   Inne
                   than
                   a
                   Lady's
                   Chamber
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   THROSTLE
                   .
                
                 
                   OF
                   Throstles
                   there
                   be
                   five
                   kinds
                   ;
                   the
                   Mistle-throstle
                   ,
                   the
                   Northern-throstle
                   or
                   Felfare
                   ,
                   the
                   Wind-throstle
                   ,
                   the
                   Wood-song-throstle
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Heath-throstle
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   is
                   the
                   largest
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   five
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   most
                   beautiful
                   ;
                   it
                   feeds
                   for
                   the
                   most
                   part
                   on
                   the
                   Berries
                   of
                   Mistletoe
                   :
                   and
                   since
                   that
                   they
                   are
                   so
                   good
                   against
                   the
                   Falling-sickness
                   and
                   Convulsions
                   ,
                   these
                   Throstles
                   ,
                   when
                   dried
                   and
                   pulverized
                   and
                   drank
                   in
                   the
                   water
                   of
                   Mistletoe
                   ,
                   or
                   Black-cherry-water
                   ,
                   are
                   much
                   more
                   effectual
                   against
                   those
                   two
                   Distempers
                   .
                   He
                   sings
                   but
                   little
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   though
                   the
                   young
                   ones
                   are
                   easie
                   to
                   be
                   brought
                   up
                   ,
                   being
                   hardy
                   ,
                   yet
                   he
                   is
                   not
                   worth
                   the
                   keeping
                   ;
                   for
                   his
                   Notes
                   are
                   rambling
                   and
                   confused
                   ,
                   yet
                   not
                   lavish
                   neither
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   is
                   the
                   Felfare
                   ,
                   who
                   comes
                   into
                   England
                   before
                   Michaelmas
                   ,
                   and
                   goes
                   away
                   about
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   March.
                   In
                   hard
                   weather
                   they
                   feed
                   on
                   Hips
                   and
                   Haws
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   it
                   is
                   indifferently
                   warm
                   ,
                   there
                   being
                   neither
                   Frost
                   nor
                   Snow
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   they
                   feed
                   on
                   young
                   Grass
                   and
                   Worms
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   They
                   breed
                   upon
                   certain
                   Rocks
                   near
                   the
                   Scotish
                   Shore
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   times
                   a
                   year
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   there
                   in
                   very
                   great
                   numbers
                   :
                   They
                   are
                   not
                   so
                   fit
                   for
                   the
                   Cage
                   as
                   the
                   Spit
                   ,
                   having
                   a
                   most
                   lamentable
                   untun'd
                   chattering
                   tone
                   :
                   in
                   Frost
                   and
                   Snow
                   they
                   are
                   very
                   fat
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   are
                   most
                   delicate
                   food
                   ;
                   but
                   being
                   killed
                   in
                   open
                   weather
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   so
                   bitter
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   are
                   not
                   worth
                   the
                   eating
                   .
                
                 
                   Thirdly
                   ,
                   the
                   Wind-throstle
                   ,
                   (
                   or
                   Whindle
                   )
                   which
                   travels
                   with
                   the
                   Felfare
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   North
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   smaller
                   Bird
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   dark
                   red
                   under
                   his
                   Wing
                   .
                   He
                   breeds
                   in
                   Woods
                   and
                   Shaws
                   as
                   Song-throstles
                   use
                   to
                   do
                   ,
                   and
                   hath
                   an
                   indifferent
                   Song
                   ,
                   exceeding
                   the
                   two
                   former
                   ;
                   but
                   yet
                   they
                   are
                   fitter
                   for
                   the
                   Pot
                   or
                   Spit
                   than
                   for
                   a
                   Cage
                   of
                   Avery
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fourth
                   is
                   the
                   Wood-song-thrustle
                   ,
                   and
                   sings
                   most
                   incomparably
                   ,
                   both
                   lavishly
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   variety
                   of
                   Notes
                   :
                   To
                   adde
                   to
                   his
                   estimation
                   ,
                   he
                   sings
                   at
                   least
                   nine
                   of
                   the
                   twelve
                   months
                   in
                   the
                   year
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   build
                   about
                   the
                   same
                   time
                   ,
                   place
                   ,
                   and
                   manner
                   as
                   the
                   Black-bird
                   does
                   :
                   her
                   policy
                   in
                   the
                   building
                   of
                   her
                   Nest
                   is
                   much
                   to
                   be
                   admired
                   ,
                   since
                   the
                   composure
                   cannot
                   be
                   mended
                   by
                   the
                   art
                   of
                   Man
                   :
                   Besides
                   the
                   curious
                   building
                   ,
                   she
                   leaves
                   a
                   little
                   hole
                   in
                   the
                   bottom
                   of
                   her
                   Nest
                   ,
                   as
                   I
                   conceive
                   to
                   let
                   out
                   the
                   Water
                   ,
                   if
                   a
                   violent
                   shower
                   should
                   come
                   ,
                   that
                   so
                   her
                   Eggs
                   or
                   young
                   ones
                   may
                   not
                   be
                   drowned
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   go
                   very
                   soon
                   to
                   Nest
                   if
                   the
                   Weather
                   favour
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   breed
                   three
                   times
                   a
                   year
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   in
                   March
                   or
                   
                     April
                     ,
                     May
                  
                   and
                   June
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   first
                   Birds
                   usually
                   prove
                   the
                   best
                   .
                
                 
                   Take
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   Nest
                   when
                   they
                   are
                   fourteen
                   days
                   old
                   ,
                   and
                   keep
                   them
                   warm
                   and
                   clean
                   ,
                   not
                   suffering
                   them
                   to
                   sit
                   on
                   their
                   Dung
                   ,
                   but
                   so
                   contrive
                   it
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   dung
                   over
                   the
                   Nest.
                   Feed
                   them
                   with
                   raw
                   Meat
                   and
                   some
                   Bread
                   chopped
                   together
                   
                   with
                   bruised
                   Hemp-seed
                   ,
                   wetting
                   your
                   Bread
                   before
                   you
                   mingle
                   it
                   with
                   the
                   meat
                   .
                
                 
                   Being
                   throughly
                   fledg'd
                   ,
                   put
                   them
                   into
                   a
                   Cage
                   where
                   they
                   may
                   have
                   room
                   enough
                   ,
                   with
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   Pearches
                   ,
                   and
                   some
                   Moss
                   at
                   the
                   bottom
                   of
                   the
                   Cage
                   ,
                   to
                   keep
                   them
                   clean
                   ;
                   for
                   otherwise
                   they
                   will
                   be
                   troubled
                   with
                   the
                   Cramp
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   want
                   of
                   delighting
                   in
                   themselves
                   the
                   singing
                   will
                   be
                   spoil'd
                   .
                
                 
                   Bread
                   and
                   Hemp-seed
                   is
                   as
                   good
                   food
                   for
                   them
                   as
                   can
                   be
                   given
                   :
                   and
                   be
                   mindful
                   of
                   furnishing
                   them
                   at
                   least
                   twice
                   a
                   week
                   with
                   fresh
                   water
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   may
                   bathe
                   and
                   prune
                   themselves
                   therein
                   ,
                   otherwise
                   they
                   will
                   not
                   thrive
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fifth
                   and
                   last
                   is
                   the
                   Heath-throstle
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   least
                   we
                   have
                   in
                   England
                   ,
                   having
                   a
                   dark
                   breast
                   .
                   Some
                   are
                   of
                   opinion
                   that
                   this
                   bird
                   exceeds
                   the
                   Song-throstle
                   ,
                   having
                   better
                   Notes
                   ,
                   and
                   neater
                   Plume
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Hen
                   builds
                   by
                   the
                   Heath-side
                   in
                   a
                   Furz-bush
                   ,
                   or
                   stump
                   of
                   an
                   old
                   Haw-thorn
                   ,
                   and
                   makes
                   not
                   Shaws
                   and
                   Woods
                   her
                   haunt
                   as
                   other
                   Throstles
                   do
                   .
                   She
                   begins
                   not
                   to
                   breed
                   till
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   April
                   ,
                   and
                   breeds
                   but
                   twice
                   in
                   a
                   year
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   kept
                   clean
                   and
                   well
                   fed
                   ,
                   will
                   sing
                   three
                   parts
                   in
                   four
                   of
                   the
                   whole
                   year
                   .
                   Their
                   manner
                   of
                   breeding
                   is
                   in
                   like-sort
                   as
                   the
                   former
                   .
                
                 
                   To
                   know
                   the
                   Cock
                   from
                   the
                   Hen
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   old
                   Country-judgment
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   chuse
                   the
                   top-bird
                   of
                   the
                   Nest
                   ,
                   which
                   commonly
                   is
                   most
                   fledg'd
                   .
                   Others
                   think
                   that
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   Cock
                   which
                   hath
                   the
                   largest
                   Eye
                   ,
                   and
                   most
                   speckles
                   on
                   his
                   breast
                   .
                   Others
                   chuse
                   the
                   Cock
                   by
                   the
                   pinion
                   of
                   his
                   Wing
                   ,
                   if
                   it
                   hath
                   a
                   very
                   dark
                   black
                   that
                   goes
                   across
                   it
                   ;
                   but
                   above
                   all
                   ,
                   chuse
                   him
                   thus
                   :
                   If
                   his
                   Gullet
                   be
                   white
                   with
                   black
                   streaks
                   on
                   each
                   side
                   ,
                   his
                   spots
                   on
                   his
                   Breast
                   large
                   and
                   black
                   ,
                   having
                   his
                   head
                   of
                   a
                   light
                   shining
                   brown
                   ,
                   with
                   black
                   streaks
                   under
                   each
                   Eye
                   and
                   upon
                   the
                   pinion
                   of
                   the
                   Wing
                   ;
                   these
                   are
                   the
                   best
                   marks
                   that
                   ever
                   I
                   observed
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   ROBIN-RED-BREAST
                   .
                
                 
                   IT
                   is
                   the
                   opinion
                   of
                   some
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   little
                   King
                   of
                   Birds
                   for
                   sweetness
                   of
                   Note
                   comes
                   not
                   much
                   short
                   of
                   the
                   Nightingale
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   a
                   very
                   tender
                   Bird
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   must
                   have
                   its
                   Cage
                   lined
                   .
                   They
                   breed
                   very
                   early
                   in
                   the
                   Spring
                   ,
                   and
                   commonly
                   thrice
                   a
                   year
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   the
                   young
                   are
                   about
                   ten
                   days
                   old
                   ,
                   take
                   them
                   from
                   the
                   old
                   ones
                   ,
                   and
                   keep
                   them
                   in
                   a
                   little
                   Bowerbasket
                   :
                   if
                   they
                   tarry
                   long
                   in
                   the
                   Nest
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   be
                   sullen
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   more
                   difficultly
                   brought
                   up
                   :
                   you
                   must
                   feed
                   them
                   as
                   you
                   feed
                   the
                   Nightingale
                   in
                   all
                   respects
                   :
                   finding
                   them
                   grow
                   strong
                   ,
                   put
                   them
                   into
                   a
                   Cage
                   ,
                   put
                   Moss
                   in
                   the
                   bottom
                   thereof
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   them
                   stand
                   warm
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   way
                   of
                   taking
                   a
                   Robin-red-breast
                   is
                   so
                   easie
                   and
                   common
                   ,
                   that
                   every
                   Boy
                   knows
                   how
                   to
                   take
                   him
                   in
                   a
                   Pit-fall
                   ;
                   but
                   with
                   a
                   Trap-cage
                   and
                   a
                   Meal-worm
                   you
                   may
                   take
                   half
                   a
                   score
                   in
                   a
                   day
                   :
                   Hearing
                   them
                   sing
                   ,
                   keep
                   those
                   birds
                   which
                   most
                   delight
                   you
                   .
                   If
                   you
                   take
                   any
                   without
                   hearing
                   them
                   sing
                   ,
                   thus
                   you
                   shall
                   know
                   whether
                   he
                   be
                   Cock
                   or
                   Hen
                   ;
                   if
                   a
                   Cock
                   ,
                   his
                   breast
                   will
                   be
                   of
                   a
                   darker
                   red
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   red
                   will
                   go
                   farther
                   up
                   upon
                   the
                   head
                   than
                   the
                   Hens
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   WREN
                   .
                
                 
                   THis
                   Bird
                   in
                   my
                   opinion
                   is
                   a
                   pretty
                   sweet
                   dapper
                   Songster
                   ,
                   being
                   of
                   a
                   nature
                   chearful
                   ;
                   as
                   he
                   is
                   pleasant
                   to
                   the
                   Ear
                   ,
                   so
                   he
                   is
                   to
                   the
                   Eye
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   he
                   
                   sings
                   cocks
                   up
                   his
                   Tail
                   ,
                   and
                   throws
                   out
                   his
                   Notes
                   with
                   so
                   much
                   alacrity
                   and
                   pleasure
                   ,
                   that
                   I
                   know
                   not
                   any
                   bird
                   of
                   its
                   bigness
                   more
                   delights
                   the
                   sense
                   of
                   Hearing
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Bird
                   builds
                   twice
                   a
                   year
                   ,
                   about
                   the
                   latter
                   end
                   of
                   April
                   ,
                   in
                   shrubs
                   where
                   Ivy
                   grows
                   thick
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   in
                   old
                   Hovels
                   and
                   Barns
                   .
                   They
                   lay
                   a
                   numerous
                   quantity
                   of
                   Eggs
                   ;
                   and
                   I
                   can
                   assure
                   you
                   I
                   have
                   seen
                   a
                   Nest
                   containing
                   two
                   and
                   twenty
                   :
                   herein
                   are
                   two
                   things
                   greatly
                   to
                   be
                   wondred
                   at
                   ;
                   first
                   ,
                   that
                   so
                   small
                   a
                   bird
                   should
                   cover
                   such
                   a
                   great
                   quantity
                   of
                   Eggs
                   ;
                   secondly
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   have
                   hatched
                   ,
                   to
                   feed
                   them
                   all
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   to
                   miss
                   one
                   bird
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   dark
                   also
                   .
                
                 
                   Their
                   second
                   time
                   of
                   breeding
                   is
                   in
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   June
                   :
                   of
                   either
                   breed
                   ,
                   what
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   keep
                   must
                   be
                   taken
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Nest
                   at
                   thirteen
                   or
                   fourteen
                   days
                   old
                   .
                   Let
                   their
                   food
                   be
                   Sheeps-heart
                   and
                   Egg
                   minced
                   very
                   small
                   ,
                   or
                   Calves
                   or
                   Heifers-heart
                   ;
                   but
                   be
                   sure
                   to
                   clear
                   them
                   of
                   the
                   Fat
                   and
                   Sinews
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   a
                   general
                   rule
                   to
                   be
                   observed
                   for
                   all
                   Meat-birds
                   .
                   Feed
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   Nest
                   every
                   day
                   very
                   often
                   ,
                   but
                   a
                   little
                   at
                   a
                   time
                   ;
                   let
                   the
                   instrument
                   you
                   feed
                   them
                   with
                   be
                   a
                   Stick
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   you
                   observe
                   them
                   to
                   pick
                   it
                   off
                   of
                   their
                   own
                   accord
                   ,
                   then
                   eage
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   putting
                   meat
                   to
                   them
                   in
                   a
                   little
                   Pan
                   ,
                   and
                   about
                   the
                   sides
                   of
                   the
                   Cage
                   ,
                   to
                   entice
                   them
                   to
                   eat
                   ;
                   however
                   ,
                   have
                   a
                   care
                   to
                   feed
                   them
                   too
                   ,
                   lest
                   they
                   neglect
                   themselves
                   and
                   die
                   .
                   When
                   they
                   can
                   feed
                   themselves
                   very
                   well
                   ,
                   give
                   them
                   once
                   in
                   three
                   days
                   a
                   Spider
                   or
                   two
                   .
                   You
                   may
                   teach
                   them
                   to
                   whistle
                   tunes
                   if
                   you
                   so
                   desire
                   it
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   are
                   easily
                   taught
                   ,
                   being
                   a
                   bird
                   that
                   's
                   very
                   docible
                   .
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   if
                   they
                   be
                   fed
                   with
                   Paste
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   live
                   longer
                   than
                   if
                   they
                   fed
                   upon
                   Hearts
                   .
                   The
                   brownest
                   and
                   largest
                   of
                   the
                   young
                   Wrens
                   are
                   the
                   Cocks
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   WOOD-LARK
                   .
                
                 
                   SOme
                   prefer
                   the
                   Wood-lark
                   before
                   the
                   Nightingale
                   ;
                   but
                   it
                   is
                   of
                   this
                   bird
                   as
                   all
                   others
                   ,
                   some
                   are
                   more
                   excellent
                   in
                   length
                   and
                   sweetness
                   of
                   Song
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   bird
                   breeds
                   the
                   soonest
                   of
                   any
                   we
                   have
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   his
                   extraordinary
                   mettlesomeness
                   :
                   and
                   therefore
                   if
                   they
                   are
                   not
                   taken
                   in
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   February
                   at
                   least
                   ,
                   they
                   grow
                   so
                   rank
                   that
                   they
                   will
                   prove
                   good
                   for
                   nothing
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   places
                   this
                   bird
                   most
                   delights
                   in
                   are
                   gravelly
                   grounds
                   ,
                   and
                   Hills
                   lying
                   towards
                   the
                   Orient
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   Oat-stubs
                   .
                   Their
                   building
                   is
                   in
                   your
                   Laiers
                   grounds
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   Grass
                   is
                   rank
                   and
                   russet
                   ,
                   making
                   their
                   Nests
                   of
                   Bennet-grass
                   ,
                   or
                   dead
                   Grass
                   of
                   the
                   field
                   under
                   some
                   large
                   Tuffet
                   ,
                   to
                   shelter
                   them
                   from
                   the
                   injury
                   of
                   the
                   weather
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Bird
                   hath
                   very
                   excellent
                   pleasant
                   Notes
                   ,
                   with
                   great
                   variety
                   ,
                   insomuch
                   that
                   I
                   have
                   observed
                   some
                   have
                   had
                   almost
                   thirty
                   several
                   Notes
                   ;
                   which
                   if
                   they
                   sing
                   lavish
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   most
                   ravishing
                   melody
                   or
                   harmony
                   ,
                   if
                   the
                   Nightingale
                   joyn
                   in
                   consort
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   Birds
                   are
                   never
                   bred
                   from
                   the
                   Nests
                   as
                   ever
                   I
                   could
                   hear
                   :
                   I
                   have
                   several
                   times
                   attempted
                   it
                   ,
                   but
                   to
                   no
                   purpose
                   ;
                   for
                   notwithstanding
                   my
                   greatest
                   care
                   ,
                   they
                   died
                   in
                   a
                   Week
                   ,
                   either
                   of
                   the
                   Cramp
                   or
                   Scowring
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   times
                   of
                   the
                   year
                   to
                   take
                   them
                   are
                   
                     June
                     ,
                     July
                     ,
                     August
                  
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   they
                   are
                   called
                   young
                   Branchers
                   ,
                   having
                   not
                   yet
                   moulted
                   .
                   They
                   are
                   taken
                   likewise
                   at
                   the
                   latter
                   end
                   of
                   September
                   ;
                   but
                   having
                   then
                   moulted
                   ,
                   the
                   young
                   and
                   old
                   are
                   not
                   distinguishable
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Lastly
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   taken
                   from
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   January
                   to
                   the
                   latter
                   end
                   of
                   February
                   ,
                   at
                   which
                   time
                   they
                   are
                   all
                   coupled
                   and
                   returned
                   to
                   their
                   Breeding-places
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   way
                   to
                   take
                   them
                   in
                   
                     June
                     ,
                     July
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   August
                   ,
                   is
                   with
                   an
                   Hobby
                   ,
                   after
                   this
                   manner
                   :
                   get
                   out
                   in
                   a
                   dewy
                   Morning
                   ,
                   and
                   go
                   to
                   the
                   sides
                   of
                   some
                   Hills
                   which
                   lie
                   to
                   the
                   rising
                   of
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   most
                   usually
                   frequent
                   ;
                   and
                   having
                   sprung
                   them
                   ,
                   observe
                   where
                   they
                   fall
                   ;
                   then
                   surround
                   them
                   twice
                   or
                   thrice
                   with
                   your
                   Hobby
                   on
                   your
                   Fist
                   ,
                   causing
                   him
                   to
                   hover
                   when
                   you
                   draw
                   near
                   ,
                   by
                   which
                   means
                   they
                   will
                   lie
                   still
                   till
                   you
                   clap
                   a
                   Net
                   over
                   them
                   ,
                   which
                   you
                   carry
                   on
                   the
                   point
                   of
                   a
                   Stick
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   go
                   together
                   ,
                   take
                   a
                   Net
                   like
                   one
                   made
                   for
                   Partridges
                   :
                   when
                   you
                   go
                   with
                   a
                   Setting-dog
                   onely
                   ,
                   the
                   Mesh
                   must
                   be
                   smaller
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   a
                   Lark-mesh
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   your
                   Hobby
                   to
                   the
                   Lark
                   is
                   like
                   a
                   Setting-dog
                   to
                   Partridges
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   your
                   Net
                   at
                   one
                   draught
                   you
                   may
                   take
                   the
                   whole
                   flock
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Wood-lark
                   that
                   is
                   taken
                   in
                   
                     June
                     ,
                     July
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   August
                   will
                   sing
                   presently
                   ,
                   but
                   will
                   not
                   last
                   long
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   of
                   their
                   moulting
                   .
                   That
                   which
                   is
                   taken
                   in
                   January
                   and
                   February
                   will
                   sing
                   in
                   five
                   or
                   six
                   days
                   ,
                   or
                   sooner
                   ;
                   and
                   these
                   are
                   the
                   best
                   ,
                   being
                   taken
                   in
                   full
                   stomack
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   more
                   perfect
                   in
                   their
                   Song
                   than
                   those
                   taken
                   at
                   other
                   seasons
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   in
                   the
                   Cage
                   you
                   find
                   him
                   grow
                   poor
                   at
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   the
                   Spring
                   ,
                   give
                   him
                   every
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   days
                   a
                   Turff
                   of
                   Three-leav'd-grass
                   ,
                   (
                   as
                   is
                   used
                   to
                   the
                   Skie-lark
                   )
                   and
                   boil
                   him
                   a
                   Sheeps-heart
                   and
                   mince
                   it
                   small
                   ,
                   mingling
                   it
                   among
                   his
                   Bread
                   ,
                   Egg
                   ,
                   and
                   Hemp-seed
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   cause
                   him
                   to
                   thrive
                   extraordinarily
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   he
                   be
                   troubled
                   with
                   Lice
                   ,
                   (
                   a
                   Distemper
                   he
                   is
                   commonly
                   afflicted
                   withal
                   )
                   take
                   him
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Cage
                   ,
                   and
                   
                   smoak
                   him
                   with
                   Tobacco
                   ;
                   give
                   him
                   fresh
                   gravel
                   ,
                   and
                   set
                   him
                   in
                   a
                   hot
                   place
                   where
                   the
                   Sun
                   shines
                   ,
                   and
                   this
                   will
                   cure
                   him
                   if
                   he
                   have
                   strength
                   to
                   bask
                   in
                   the
                   Sand.
                   
                
                 
                   If
                   you
                   would
                   have
                   him
                   sing
                   lavish
                   ,
                   feed
                   him
                   with
                   Sheeps-heart
                   ,
                   Egg
                   ,
                   Bread
                   and
                   Hemp-seed
                   mixt
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   into
                   his
                   water
                   a
                   little
                   Liquorish
                   ,
                   white
                   Sugar-candy
                   ,
                   and
                   Saffron
                   :
                   Let
                   this
                   be
                   done
                   once
                   a
                   week
                   .
                
                 
                   Upon
                   the
                   first
                   taking
                   of
                   your
                   Wood-lark
                   thus
                   must
                   you
                   do
                   ;
                   you
                   must
                   put
                   into
                   your
                   Cage
                   two
                   Pans
                   ,
                   one
                   for
                   minc'd
                   meat
                   ,
                   and
                   another
                   for
                   Oat-meal
                   and
                   whole
                   Hemp-seed
                   .
                   Then
                   having
                   boil'd
                   an
                   Egg
                   hard
                   ,
                   take
                   the
                   crums
                   of
                   white
                   Bread
                   ;
                   the
                   like
                   quantity
                   of
                   Hemp-seed
                   pounded
                   in
                   a
                   Mortar
                   ,
                   and
                   mingle
                   your
                   Bread
                   and
                   it
                   with
                   your
                   Egg
                   minc'd
                   very
                   small
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   it
                   him
                   .
                   Let
                   there
                   be
                   at
                   the
                   bottom
                   of
                   the
                   Cage
                   fine
                   red
                   Gravel
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   it
                   be
                   shifted
                   every
                   week
                   at
                   farthest
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   delights
                   to
                   bask
                   in
                   the
                   Sand
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   convenient
                   if
                   foul'd
                   with
                   his
                   Dung.
                   Let
                   the
                   pearch
                   of
                   the
                   Cage
                   be
                   lin'd
                   with
                   green
                   Bays
                   ,
                   or
                   which
                   is
                   better
                   ,
                   make
                   a
                   pearch
                   of
                   a
                   Mat
                   :
                   and
                   lest
                   they
                   should
                   not
                   find
                   the
                   Pan
                   so
                   soon
                   as
                   they
                   should
                   do
                   ,
                   to
                   prevent
                   famine
                   ,
                   strew
                   upon
                   the
                   Sand
                   some
                   Oat-meal
                   and
                   Hemp-seed
                   .
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   know
                   the
                   Cock
                   is
                   thus
                   :
                   first
                   ,
                   the
                   largeness
                   and
                   length
                   of
                   his
                   Call
                   :
                   Secondly
                   ,
                   his
                   tall
                   walking
                   :
                   Thirdly
                   ,
                   at
                   Evenings
                   the
                   doubling
                   of
                   his
                   Note
                   ,
                   which
                   Artists
                   call
                   Cuddling
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   you
                   hear
                   him
                   sing
                   strong
                   ,
                   you
                   cannot
                   be
                   deceived
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   if
                   a
                   Bird
                   sings
                   not
                   that
                   is
                   taken
                   in
                   February
                   and
                   January
                   within
                   one
                   month
                   after
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   conclude
                   him
                   not
                   worth
                   the
                   keeping
                   ,
                   or
                   else
                   is
                   an
                   Hen
                   infallibly
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Wood-lark
                   as
                   it
                   is
                   naturally
                   endewed
                   with
                   incomparable
                   notes
                   ,
                   so
                   it
                   is
                   a
                   tender
                   Bird
                   ,
                   and
                   difficult
                   to
                   be
                   kept
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   rightly
                   ordered
                   ,
                   and
                   well
                   look'd
                   to
                   ,
                   
                   will
                   be
                   a
                   most
                   delightful
                   Songster
                   to
                   its
                   Master
                   growing
                   better
                   and
                   better
                   every
                   year
                   even
                   to
                   the
                   very
                   last
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   Birds
                   are
                   very
                   subject
                   to
                   the
                   Cramp
                   ,
                   Giddiness
                   in
                   the
                   Head
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   Louziness
                   .
                   The
                   best
                   remedy
                   to
                   prevent
                   the
                   Cramp
                   ,
                   is
                   to
                   shift
                   the
                   Cage
                   often
                   with
                   fresh
                   Gravel
                   ,
                   otherwise
                   the
                   Dung
                   will
                   clog
                   to
                   their
                   feet
                   which
                   causeth
                   the
                   Cramp
                   .
                   The
                   giddiness
                   of
                   the
                   Head
                   proceedeth
                   from
                   feeding
                   upon
                   much
                   Hemp-seed
                   :
                   perceiving
                   this
                   distemper
                   ,
                   give
                   him
                   some
                   Gentles
                   ,
                   (
                   the
                   common
                   Bait
                   for
                   Fisher-men
                   )
                   Hog-lice
                   ,
                   Emmets
                   and
                   their
                   Eggs
                   ,
                   with
                   Liquorish
                   ,
                   all
                   put
                   into
                   water
                   ,
                   we
                   serve
                   in
                   their
                   stead
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   cure
                   immediately
                   .
                   Louziness
                   (
                   which
                   causeth
                   leanness
                   in
                   this
                   bird
                   )
                   is
                   cured
                   as
                   said
                   before
                   by
                   smoaking
                   Tobacco
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   SKIE-LARK
                   :
                   The
                   several
                   ways
                   to
                   take
                   them
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   taken
                   ,
                   how
                   to
                   order
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   THere
                   is
                   a
                   great
                   difference
                   between
                   one
                   Skie-lark
                   and
                   another
                   ;
                   for
                   one
                   may
                   not
                   be
                   worth
                   two
                   pence
                   ,
                   when
                   another
                   shall
                   be
                   worth
                   two
                   pounds
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Bird
                   is
                   very
                   hardy
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   live
                   upon
                   any
                   food
                   in
                   a
                   manner
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   he
                   have
                   but
                   once
                   a
                   weeks
                   Turff
                   of
                   Three-leav'd-grass
                   .
                   As
                   the
                   Wood-lark
                   hath
                   young
                   ones
                   in
                   March
                   ,
                   the
                   Skie-lark
                   hath
                   rarely
                   any
                   till
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   May.
                   They
                   commonly
                   build
                   in
                   Corr
                   or
                   thick
                   high
                   grass
                   Meadows
                   ,
                   and
                   seldom
                   have
                   more
                   than
                   four
                   :
                   take
                   them
                   at
                   a
                   fortnight
                   old
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   fir●●
                   give
                   them
                   minced
                   sheeps-heart
                   with
                   a
                   chopt
                   hard
                   Egg
                   mingled
                   :
                   when
                   they
                   can
                   feed
                   alone
                   ,
                   give
                   them
                   Bread
                   Hemp-seed
                   ,
                   and
                   Oat-meal
                   ;
                   let
                   the
                   Bread
                   be
                   mingled
                   
                   with
                   Egg
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Hemp-seed
                   bruised
                   :
                   Let
                   them
                   have
                   Sand
                   in
                   the
                   bottom
                   of
                   their
                   Cage
                   ;
                   Pearches
                   therein
                   are
                   to
                   no
                   purpose
                   .
                
                 
                   As
                   the
                   Wood-lark
                   is
                   taken
                   with
                   Net
                   and
                   Hobby
                   ,
                   so
                   may
                   the
                   Skie-lark
                   be
                   taken
                   also
                   .
                   They
                   are
                   taken
                   likewise
                   in
                   dark
                   nights
                   with
                   a
                   Trammel
                   ;
                   this
                   Net
                   is
                   about
                   six
                   and
                   thirty
                   yards
                   long
                   ,
                   and
                   six
                   yards
                   over
                   ,
                   run
                   through
                   with
                   six
                   ribs
                   of
                   Pack-thread
                   ;
                   which
                   ribs
                   at
                   the
                   ends
                   are
                   put
                   upon
                   two
                   Poles
                   sixteen
                   foot
                   long
                   ,
                   made
                   taper
                   at
                   each
                   end
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   is
                   carried
                   between
                   two
                   men
                   half
                   a
                   yard
                   from
                   the
                   ground
                   ;
                   every
                   six
                   steps
                   touching
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   to
                   cause
                   the
                   Birds
                   to
                   fly
                   up
                   ,
                   otherwise
                   you
                   may
                   carry
                   the
                   Net
                   over
                   them
                   without
                   disturbing
                   them
                   :
                   hearing
                   them
                   fly
                   against
                   the
                   Net
                   ,
                   clap
                   it
                   down
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   are
                   safe
                   under
                   it
                   .
                   This
                   is
                   a
                   very
                   murdering
                   Net
                   ,
                   taking
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   birds
                   that
                   it
                   comes
                   near
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Partridges
                     ,
                     Quails
                     ,
                     Woodcocks
                     ,
                     Snipes
                     ,
                     Felfares
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   what
                   not
                   ,
                   almost
                   in
                   every
                   dark
                   night
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   next
                   way
                   of
                   taking
                   them
                   is
                   with
                   a
                   pair
                   of
                   Day-nets
                   and
                   a
                   Glass
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   incomparable
                   pastime
                   in
                   a
                   Frosty
                   Morning
                   .
                   These
                   Nets
                   are
                   commonly
                   seven
                   Foot
                   deep
                   ,
                   and
                   Fifteen
                   long
                   ,
                   knit
                   with
                   your
                   French
                   Mesh
                   ,
                   and
                   very
                   fine
                   Thread
                   .
                   These
                   Nets
                   take
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   small
                   Birds
                   that
                   come
                   within
                   their
                   Compass
                   ,
                   as
                   Bunting-larks
                   ,
                   and
                   Linnets
                   in
                   abundance
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   Larks
                   are
                   also
                   taken
                   by
                   a
                   Low-bell
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   great
                   light
                   carried
                   in
                   a
                   Tub
                   both
                   by
                   one
                   man
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Net
                   by
                   another
                   ;
                   this
                   Bell
                   and
                   Light
                   so
                   amazeth
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   lie
                   as
                   dead
                   ,
                   and
                   stir
                   not
                   till
                   the
                   Net
                   overcast
                   them
                   .
                   By
                   this
                   Bell
                   are
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   Fowls
                   and
                   Birds
                   taken
                   ,
                   as
                   Partridge
                   and
                   Pheasant
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   the
                   Bell
                   be
                   loowd
                   ,
                   or
                   very
                   deep
                   ,
                   
                     Duck
                     ,
                     Mallard
                     ,
                     Woodcock
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Snipe
                   may
                   be
                   taken
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   last
                   way
                   of
                   taking
                   Larks
                   is
                   in
                   a
                   great
                   Snow
                   ,
                   by
                   taking
                   an
                   hundred
                   or
                   two
                   hundred
                   yards
                   
                   of
                   Pack-thread
                   ,
                   fastning
                   at
                   every
                   six
                   inches
                   a
                   Noose
                   made
                   with
                   Horse-hair
                   ;
                   two
                   hairs
                   are
                   sufficient
                   .
                   Now
                   since
                   I
                   have
                   already
                   described
                   this
                   way
                   of
                   taking
                   Larks
                   ,
                   I
                   shall
                   desist
                   ,
                   and
                   onely
                   inform
                   you
                   that
                   those
                   Larks
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   preserve
                   for
                   singing
                   ,
                   must
                   be
                   taken
                   in
                   October
                   or
                   November
                   :
                   Chuse
                   the
                   straightest
                   ,
                   largest
                   ,
                   and
                   loftiest
                   Bird
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   that
                   hath
                   most
                   white
                   on
                   his
                   Tail
                   ,
                   for
                   these
                   are
                   the
                   marks
                   of
                   the
                   Cock.
                   Observe
                   in
                   this
                   Bird
                   ,
                   as
                   in
                   all
                   others
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   give
                   no
                   salt
                   Meat
                   ,
                   nor
                   Bread
                   season'd
                   with
                   salt
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   LINNET
                   .
                
                 
                   THeir
                   Nests
                   are
                   usually
                   in
                   Thorn-bushes
                   and
                   Furt-bushes
                   ;
                   and
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   hotter
                   sort
                   of
                   them
                   will
                   breed
                   four
                   times
                   a
                   year
                   .
                   The
                   young
                   ones
                   may
                   be
                   taken
                   at
                   four
                   days
                   old
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   teach
                   them
                   to
                   whistle
                   ,
                   or
                   learn
                   the
                   Song
                   of
                   other
                   Birds
                   :
                   for
                   being
                   so
                   young
                   ,
                   they
                   know
                   not
                   the
                   tune
                   of
                   the
                   old
                   Bird.
                   Being
                   so
                   young
                   ,
                   keep
                   them
                   very
                   warm
                   ,
                   and
                   feed
                   them
                   often
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   little
                   at
                   a
                   time
                   :
                   there
                   must
                   be
                   bruised
                   soaked
                   Rape-seeds
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   like
                   quantity
                   of
                   white
                   bread
                   ,
                   of
                   which
                   there
                   must
                   be
                   fresh
                   made
                   every
                   day
                   to
                   prevent
                   sowring
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   make
                   them
                   scowr
                   to
                   death
                   :
                   let
                   not
                   their
                   Meat
                   be
                   too
                   dry
                   ,
                   for
                   fear
                   of
                   being
                   Vent-burnt
                   .
                   If
                   you
                   intend
                   they
                   shall
                   whistle
                   ,
                   do
                   you
                   whistle
                   to
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   Feeding
                   ,
                   being
                   more
                   apt
                   to
                   learn
                   before
                   they
                   can
                   crack
                   hard
                   seeds
                   .
                   Whatever
                   Bird
                   you
                   intend
                   your
                   Linnet
                   shall
                   learn
                   his
                   Notes
                   of
                   ,
                   hang
                   him
                   under
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   will
                   perfectly
                   imitate
                   him
                   :
                   nay
                   ,
                   so
                   docible
                   this
                   Bird
                   is
                   ,
                   as
                   I
                   have
                   been
                   credibly
                   informed
                   ,
                   that
                   some
                   of
                   them
                   have
                   been
                   taught
                   to
                   speak
                   .
                   To
                   know
                   the
                   Cock
                   from
                   the
                   Hen
                   ,
                   must
                   not
                   alway
                   
                   be
                   discovered
                   by
                   their
                   Breasts
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   Cock
                   is
                   best
                   known
                   by
                   the
                   brownness
                   of
                   his
                   Back
                   and
                   the
                   white
                   in
                   his
                   Wing
                   ;
                   that
                   is
                   to
                   say
                   ,
                   take
                   your
                   young
                   Linnet
                   when
                   the
                   Wing-feathers
                   are
                   grown
                   ,
                   and
                   stretch
                   out
                   his
                   Wing
                   ,
                   holding
                   his
                   body
                   fast
                   with
                   the
                   other
                   hand
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   observe
                   the
                   white
                   upon
                   the
                   fourth
                   ,
                   fifth
                   ,
                   and
                   sixth
                   Feather
                   ;
                   if
                   it
                   cast
                   a
                   glistering
                   white
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   white
                   goes
                   close
                   to
                   the
                   Quil
                   ,
                   this
                   is
                   a
                   sure
                   sign
                   of
                   a
                   Cock.
                   
                
                 
                   Many
                   are
                   the
                   Diseases
                   of
                   this
                   Bird
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Ptisick
                   ,
                   known
                   by
                   his
                   panting
                   ,
                   staring
                   Feathers
                   ,
                   lean
                   Breast
                   ,
                   and
                   spilling
                   his
                   Seeds
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   the
                   Cage
                   ;
                   and
                   this
                   Disease
                   happens
                   for
                   want
                   of
                   Water
                   ,
                   or
                   for
                   want
                   of
                   green
                   Meat
                   in
                   the
                   Spring
                   :
                   He
                   is
                   troubled
                   also
                   with
                   Streins
                   or
                   Convulsions
                   of
                   the
                   Breast
                   :
                   Sometimes
                   he
                   is
                   afflicted
                   with
                   hoarsness
                   in
                   his
                   voice
                   ,
                   being
                   overstrein'd
                   in
                   singing
                   :
                   he
                   is
                   sometimes
                   melancholy
                   ,
                   at
                   other
                   times
                   afflicted
                   with
                   scowring
                   ,
                   of
                   which
                   there
                   are
                   three
                   sorts
                   ;
                   the
                   first
                   is
                   thin
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   a
                   black
                   or
                   white
                   substance
                   in
                   the
                   middle
                   ,
                   not
                   very
                   dangerous
                   ;
                   the
                   second
                   is
                   between
                   a
                   black
                   and
                   white
                   ,
                   clammy
                   and
                   sticking
                   ,
                   this
                   is
                   bad
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   third
                   and
                   last
                   is
                   most
                   mortal
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   white
                   clammy
                   scowring
                   :
                   The
                   several
                   Cures
                   I
                   shall
                   not
                   here
                   set
                   down
                   for
                   brevity
                   sake
                   ,
                   but
                   refer
                   you
                   to
                   the
                   care
                   of
                   the
                   Bird-merchant
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   GOLD-FINCH
                   ,
                   or
                   CHRISTMAS-FOOL
                   ,
                   so
                   called
                   in
                   Norfolk
                   .
                
                 
                   THey
                   are
                   taken
                   in
                   great
                   plenty
                   about
                   Michaelmas
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   soon
                   become
                   tame
                   .
                   The
                   beauty
                   of
                   this
                   Birds
                   severally-colour'd
                   Feathers
                   is
                   not
                   much
                   taken
                   notice
                   of
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   are
                   so
                   common
                   among
                   us
                   ;
                   but
                   
                   they
                   have
                   been
                   so
                   noted
                   and
                   valued
                   beyond
                   Sea
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   have
                   been
                   transported
                   in
                   great
                   quantities
                   for
                   great
                   rarities
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   breed
                   commonly
                   in
                   Apple-trees
                   and
                   Plum-trees
                   thrice
                   a
                   year
                   .
                   You
                   must
                   take
                   the
                   young
                   ones
                   with
                   the
                   Nest
                   at
                   ten
                   days
                   old
                   ,
                   and
                   feed
                   them
                   after
                   this
                   manner
                   :
                   Take
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   best
                   Hemp-seed
                   ,
                   pound
                   it
                   ,
                   sift
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   mix
                   it
                   with
                   the
                   like
                   quantity
                   of
                   white
                   bread
                   ,
                   with
                   some
                   flower
                   of
                   Canary-seeds
                   ;
                   and
                   taking
                   up
                   the
                   quantity
                   of
                   a
                   white
                   Pea
                   upon
                   a
                   small
                   Stick
                   ,
                   feed
                   them
                   therewith
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   bits
                   at
                   a
                   time
                   ,
                   making
                   fresh
                   every
                   day
                   :
                   You
                   must
                   keep
                   these
                   Birds
                   very
                   warm
                   till
                   they
                   can
                   feed
                   themselves
                   ,
                   for
                   their
                   nature
                   is
                   very
                   tender
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   the
                   purgation
                   of
                   this
                   Bird
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   all
                   others
                   which
                   feed
                   on
                   Hemp-seed
                   ,
                   take
                   the
                   seeds
                   of
                   Mellons
                   ,
                   Succory
                   ,
                   and
                   Mercury
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   a
                   principal
                   Herb
                   for
                   the
                   Linnet
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   best
                   for
                   the
                   Gold-finch
                   are
                   Lettice
                   and
                   Plantain
                   ;
                   and
                   nothing
                   can
                   be
                   more
                   wholesome
                   for
                   him
                   than
                   Wall
                   or
                   Loom-earth
                   ,
                   and
                   some
                   fine
                   Sand
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   lump
                   or
                   two
                   of
                   Sugar
                   put
                   always
                   into
                   his
                   Cage
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   TIT-LARK
                   .
                
                 
                   THis
                   Bird
                   is
                   very
                   short
                   in
                   his
                   Song
                   ,
                   and
                   no
                   variety
                   in
                   it
                   ;
                   yet
                   some
                   fancy
                   him
                   for
                   his
                   
                     Whisking
                     ,
                     Turring
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Chewing
                   :
                   He
                   commonly
                   appears
                   at
                   that
                   time
                   of
                   the
                   year
                   that
                   the
                   Nightingale
                   does
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   April
                   ,
                   and
                   leaves
                   us
                   at
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   September
                   :
                   They
                   are
                   fed
                   when
                   taken
                   as
                   the
                   Nightingale
                   ;
                   you
                   must
                   cram
                   him
                   at
                   first
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   will
                   not
                   feed
                   himself
                   ,
                   by
                   reason
                   he
                   always
                   feeds
                   on
                   live
                   
                   meat
                   in
                   the
                   field
                   ,
                   for
                   which
                   cause
                   he
                   is
                   unacquainted
                   with
                   the
                   meat
                   we
                   offer
                   him
                   :
                   when
                   he
                   comes
                   to
                   feed
                   of
                   himself
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   eat
                   what
                   the
                   Wood-lark
                   eats
                   ,
                   or
                   almost
                   any
                   other
                   meat
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Bird
                   breeds
                   about
                   the
                   latter
                   end
                   of
                   April
                   ,
                   or
                   beginning
                   of
                   May
                   ,
                   and
                   builds
                   her
                   Nest
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   by
                   some
                   Pond-side
                   or
                   Ditch-side
                   ,
                   and
                   feeds
                   her
                   young
                   with
                   Caterpillars
                   or
                   Flies
                   .
                   They
                   are
                   easily
                   brought
                   up
                   being
                   hardy
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   not
                   subject
                   to
                   Colds
                   or
                   Cramps
                   as
                   other
                   Birds
                   are
                   ,
                   but
                   live
                   long
                   if
                   preserved
                   with
                   care
                   .
                   If
                   you
                   breed
                   up
                   this
                   Bird
                   young
                   and
                   cleanly
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   please
                   your self
                   with
                   his
                   Song
                   ;
                   all
                   that
                   I
                   can
                   say
                   of
                   it
                   is
                   ,
                   
                     Short
                     and
                     sweet
                  
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   CHAF-FINCH
                   .
                
                 
                   THere
                   is
                   no
                   scarcity
                   of
                   this
                   Bird
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   my
                   mind
                   fitter
                   for
                   the
                   Spit
                   than
                   a
                   Cage
                   ,
                   having
                   but
                   one
                   short
                   plain
                   Song
                   ,
                   yet
                   for
                   that
                   he
                   is
                   admired
                   by
                   some
                   ,
                   and
                   kept
                   very
                   charily
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   build
                   their
                   Nests
                   in
                   Hedges
                   and
                   Trees
                   of
                   all
                   sorts
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   young
                   ones
                   twice
                   or
                   thrice
                   a
                   year
                   ;
                   they
                   are
                   seldom
                   bred
                   up
                   from
                   the
                   Nest
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   are
                   not
                   apt
                   to
                   take
                   another
                   Birds
                   Song
                   ,
                   nor
                   to
                   whistle
                   .
                   The
                   Essex-finch
                   is
                   best
                   both
                   for
                   length
                   of
                   Song
                   ,
                   and
                   variety
                   ,
                   concluding
                   it
                   with
                   several
                   Notes
                   very
                   prettily
                   .
                   He
                   is
                   very
                   little
                   subject
                   to
                   any
                   Disease
                   ,
                   onely
                   he
                   is
                   inclinable
                   to
                   be
                   very
                   lousie
                   ,
                   if
                   he
                   be
                   not
                   sprinkled
                   with
                   a
                   little
                   Wine
                   twice
                   or
                   thrice
                   a
                   month
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   STARLING
                   .
                
                 
                   THis
                   Bird
                   is
                   generally
                   kept
                   by
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   people
                   above
                   any
                   other
                   bird
                   for
                   whistling
                   ;
                   but
                   their
                   greatest
                   fault
                   is
                   ,
                   they
                   have
                   them
                   too
                   fledg'd
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Nest
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   makes
                   them
                   retain
                   commonly
                   so
                   much
                   of
                   their
                   own
                   harsh
                   Notes
                   :
                   therefore
                   those
                   who
                   do
                   intend
                   to
                   have
                   them
                   excellent
                   ,
                   and
                   avoid
                   their
                   own
                   squeaking
                   Notes
                   ,
                   must
                   take
                   them
                   from
                   the
                   old
                   ones
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   three
                   or
                   four
                   days
                   ;
                   and
                   thus
                   you
                   must
                   do
                   to
                   all
                   birds
                   you
                   would
                   learn
                   to
                   whistle
                   ,
                   or
                   speak
                   ,
                   or
                   learn
                   another
                   birds
                   Song
                   by
                   hanging
                   under
                   him
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   RED-START
                   .
                
                 
                   THis
                   Bird
                   is
                   a
                   Fore-runner
                   of
                   the
                   Nightingale
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   of
                   a
                   very
                   sullen
                   dogged
                   temper
                   in
                   a
                   cage
                   ;
                   but
                   abroad
                   is
                   very
                   chearful
                   ,
                   and
                   hath
                   a
                   very
                   pleasant
                   kind
                   of
                   whistling
                   Song
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Cock
                   is
                   fair
                   and
                   beautifully
                   coloured
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   delightful
                   to
                   the
                   eye
                   .
                   They
                   breed
                   thrice
                   a
                   year
                   ;
                   the
                   latter
                   end
                   of
                   April
                   ,
                   in
                   May
                   ,
                   and
                   towards
                   the
                   latter
                   end
                   of
                   June
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   build
                   usually
                   in
                   holes
                   of
                   hollow
                   Trees
                   ,
                   or
                   under
                   house-eaves
                   :
                   She
                   is
                   the
                   shiest
                   bird
                   I
                   know
                   of
                   her
                   building
                   ;
                   for
                   when
                   she
                   is
                   about
                   her
                   Nest
                   ,
                   if
                   she
                   perceive
                   any
                   look
                   on
                   ,
                   she
                   forsakes
                   it
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   you
                   touch
                   an
                   Egg
                   she
                   never
                   comes
                   more
                   to
                   the
                   Nest
                   ,
                   and
                   if
                   she
                   have
                   young
                   ones
                   and
                   you
                   do
                   the
                   like
                   ,
                   she
                   will
                   either
                   starve
                   them
                   ,
                   or
                   break
                   their
                   Necks
                   over
                   the
                   Nest.
                   
                   Now
                   though
                   the
                   old
                   ones
                   are
                   thus
                   dogged
                   ,
                   yet
                   if
                   you
                   bring
                   up
                   their
                   young
                   ,
                   their
                   nature
                   will
                   alter
                   ,
                   and
                   become
                   very
                   tame
                   .
                
                 
                   You
                   must
                   take
                   them
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Nest
                   about
                   ten
                   days
                   old
                   ;
                   if
                   they
                   stay
                   longer
                   ,
                   they
                   will
                   learn
                   somewhat
                   of
                   the
                   old
                   one's
                   sullen
                   temper
                   .
                   You
                   must
                   feed
                   them
                   with
                   Sheeps-heart
                   and
                   Eggs
                   chopped
                   and
                   mixt
                   together
                   ,
                   about
                   the
                   quantity
                   of
                   three
                   white
                   Peas
                   ,
                   upon
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   a
                   Stick
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   open
                   their
                   mouths
                   :
                   when
                   they
                   will
                   thus
                   feed
                   ,
                   put
                   them
                   into
                   a
                   Cage
                   with
                   meat
                   about
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Pan
                   of
                   meat
                   therein
                   ;
                   and
                   though
                   he
                   feed
                   himself
                   ,
                   yet
                   it
                   will
                   be
                   very
                   sparingly
                   for
                   four
                   or
                   five
                   days
                   ,
                   wherefore
                   you
                   must
                   now
                   and
                   then
                   feed
                   him
                   your self
                   .
                   Keep
                   him
                   warm
                   in
                   the
                   Winter
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   will
                   sing
                   as
                   well
                   in
                   the
                   night
                   as
                   the
                   day
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   BULL-FINCH
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   Bull-finch
                   hath
                   no
                   Song
                   of
                   his
                   own
                   ,
                   nor
                   whistle
                   neither
                   ,
                   but
                   is
                   very
                   apt
                   to
                   learn
                   any
                   thing
                   almost
                   ,
                   if
                   taught
                   by
                   the
                   mouth
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   GREEN-FINCH
                   .
                
                 
                   THis
                   Bird
                   is
                   not
                   worth
                   a
                   keeping
                   for
                   his
                   Song
                   ,
                   but
                   for
                   his
                   colour
                   ,
                   and
                   being
                   a
                   hardy
                   heavy
                   bird
                   to
                   ring
                   the
                   Bells
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   breed
                   very
                   sillily
                   by
                   the
                   High-way-side
                   ,
                   and
                   early
                   before
                   the
                   Hedges
                   have
                   leaves
                   upon
                   them
                   ;
                   which
                   causes
                   every
                   one
                   to
                   see
                   their
                   Nests
                   at
                   first
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   seldom
                   their
                   first
                   Nests
                   come
                   to
                   any
                   thing
                   .
                   They
                   breed
                   three
                   
                   times
                   a
                   year
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   young
                   ones
                   are
                   very
                   hardy
                   birds
                   to
                   be
                   brought
                   up
                   .
                   You
                   may
                   feed
                   them
                   with
                   white
                   Bread
                   and
                   Rape
                   bruised
                   and
                   soaked
                   together
                   :
                   He
                   is
                   apter
                   to
                   take
                   the
                   Whistle
                   than
                   another
                   Bird's
                   Song
                   .
                   All
                   that
                   can
                   be
                   said
                   of
                   him
                   ,
                   he
                   is
                   a
                   very
                   dull
                   Bird
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   never
                   kill
                   himself
                   either
                   by
                   singing
                   or
                   whistling
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     Of
                     the
                  
                   HEDGE-SPARROW
                   .
                
                 
                   THis
                   is
                   not
                   so
                   despicable
                   a
                   bird
                   as
                   some
                   would
                   have
                   it
                   ;
                   for
                   if
                   you
                   will
                   mind
                   its
                   Song
                   ,
                   you
                   will
                   find
                   very
                   delightful
                   Notes
                   ,
                   and
                   sings
                   early
                   in
                   the
                   Spring
                   with
                   great
                   variety
                   .
                   Old
                   or
                   young
                   become
                   tame
                   very
                   quickly
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   sing
                   in
                   a
                   short
                   time
                   after
                   they
                   are
                   taken
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   you
                   take
                   them
                   at
                   the
                   latter
                   end
                   of
                   January
                   or
                   beginning
                   of
                   February
                   :
                   they
                   will
                   feed
                   almost
                   on
                   any
                   thing
                   you
                   give
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   commonly
                   build
                   in
                   a
                   White-thorn
                   or
                   private
                   Hedge
                   ,
                   laying
                   Eggs
                   much
                   different
                   from
                   other
                   Birds
                   ,
                   being
                   of
                   a
                   very
                   fine
                   blue
                   colour
                   .
                   This
                   Bird
                   is
                   very
                   tractable
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   take
                   any
                   bird's
                   Song
                   almost
                   ,
                   if
                   taken
                   young
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Nest.
                   I
                   shall
                   only
                   speak
                   a
                   few
                   Experiments
                   of
                   others
                   ,
                   and
                   deliver
                   some
                   Observations
                   of
                   my
                   own
                   concerning
                   the
                   length
                   of
                   Birds
                   lives
                   ,
                   and
                   which
                   are
                   most
                   proper
                   for
                   whistling
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   shall
                   end
                   this
                   Treatise
                   .
                
                 
                   First
                   ,
                   As
                   to
                   the
                   length
                   of
                   Birds
                   Lives
                   :
                   Among
                   Nightingales
                   some
                   live
                   but
                   one
                   year
                   ,
                   some
                   three
                   ,
                   some
                   five
                   ,
                   some
                   eight
                   ,
                   and
                   some
                   twelve
                   ;
                   singing
                   better
                   and
                   better
                   for
                   the
                   first
                   seven
                   or
                   eight
                   years
                   ,
                   and
                   after
                   that
                   decline
                   by
                   little
                   and
                   little
                   :
                   They
                   must
                   have
                   careful
                   keepers
                   that
                   can
                   preserve
                   their
                   lives
                   to
                   the
                   fifth
                   year
                   ;
                   
                   experience
                   informs
                   us
                   ,
                   where
                   one
                   lives
                   to
                   that
                   age
                   ,
                   an
                   hundred
                   die
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Wood-lark
                   seldom
                   lives
                   in
                   a
                   Cage
                   above
                   six
                   years
                   ,
                   and
                   hardly
                   five
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Robin-red-breast
                   rarely
                   lives
                   above
                   seven
                   years
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   is
                   a
                   tender
                   Bird
                   ,
                   and
                   much
                   subject
                   to
                   the
                   Falling-sickness
                   ,
                   Cramp
                   ,
                   and
                   Oppression
                   of
                   the
                   Stomack
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Skie-lark
                   as
                   he
                   is
                   a
                   hardy
                   Bird
                   ,
                   so
                   he
                   is
                   long
                   liv'd
                   also
                   .
                   All
                   sorts
                   of
                   Seed-birds
                   live
                   longer
                   than
                   any
                   soft-beak'd
                   Birds
                   ,
                   especially
                   the
                   Canary
                   and
                   Linnet
                   .
                   I
                   have
                   known
                   a
                   Canary-bird
                   live
                   and
                   sing
                   within
                   a
                   year
                   of
                   twenty
                   ;
                   in
                   like
                   manner
                   the
                   Linnet
                   .
                
                 
                   So
                   much
                   as
                   to
                   the
                   Lives
                   of
                   Singing
                   Birds
                   ;
                   let
                   us
                   now
                   consider
                   which
                   are
                   most
                   fit
                   for
                   Whistling
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   first
                   place
                   I
                   look
                   upon
                   the
                   Starling
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   best
                   ;
                   and
                   never
                   heard
                   better
                   than
                   at
                   the
                   Grey-Hound
                   in
                   St.
                   
                     Mary
                     Ax
                  
                   ,
                   taught
                   and
                   sold
                   by
                   the
                   ingenious
                   Master
                   of
                   that
                   House
                   .
                   But
                   since
                   I
                   have
                   spoken
                   of
                   the
                   Starling
                   and
                   Bull-finch
                   already
                   ,
                   I
                   shall
                   insist
                   no
                   farther
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Black-bird
                   hath
                   a
                   kind
                   of
                   rude
                   Whistle
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   young
                   taken
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Nest
                   ,
                   is
                   very
                   apt
                   to
                   learn.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   Robin-red-breast
                   is
                   a
                   most
                   incomparable
                   Bird
                   for
                   the
                   Whistle
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   Speak
                   also
                   .
                   A
                   Robin
                   is
                   a
                   hot-mettled
                   Bird
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   he
                   must
                   not
                   be
                   in
                   the
                   hearing
                   of
                   another
                   ;
                   wherefore
                   if
                   you
                   breed
                   two
                   ,
                   let
                   them
                   be
                   separated
                   into
                   two
                   several
                   Rooms
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   may
                   not
                   hear
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   consequently
                   spoil
                   each
                   other
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Canary-bird
                   will
                   learn
                   to
                   Whistle
                   any
                   thing
                   almost
                   ,
                   if
                   taken
                   young
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Nest
                   ,
                   otherwise
                   not
                   ;
                   for
                   being
                   a
                   very
                   hot-mettled
                   Bird
                   ,
                   he
                   will
                   run
                   upon
                   his
                   own
                   Song
                   do
                   what
                   you
                   can
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Linnet
                   will
                   learn
                   any
                   Tune
                   almost
                   ,
                   if
                   not
                   too
                   
                   long
                   ,
                   and
                   too
                   full
                   of
                   variety
                   .
                   Learn
                   him
                   one
                   Tune
                   first
                   ,
                   then
                   another
                   ,
                   keeping
                   him
                   dark
                   and
                   still
                   ,
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   noise
                   of
                   other
                   Birds
                   .
                
                 
                   Take
                   this
                   for
                   a
                   general
                   Rule
                   for
                   all
                   Birds
                   ,
                   That
                   the
                   younger
                   they
                   be
                   ,
                   the
                   better
                   they
                   will
                   prove
                   ,
                   and
                   answer
                   your
                   expectation
                   for
                   all
                   your
                   trouble
                   and
                   pains
                   in
                   bringing
                   up
                   and
                   keeping
                   them
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 An
                 Abstract
                 Of
                 such
                 STATUTE-LAWS
                 As
                 concern
                 FOWLING
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   11
                   Hen.
                   7.
                   cap.
                   17.
                   
                
                 NOne
                 shall
                 take
                 Pheasants
                 or
                 Partridges
                 with
                 Engines
                 in
                 another's
                 ground
                 without
                 License
                 ,
                 in
                 pain
                 of
                 10
                 l.
                 to
                 be
                 divided
                 betwixt
                 the
                 Owner
                 of
                 the
                 Ground
                 and
                 Prosecutor
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   25
                   Hen.
                   8.
                   cap.
                   11.
                   
                
                 None
                 shall
                 destroy
                 or
                 take
                 away
                 the
                 Eggs
                 of
                 any
                 Wild-Fowl
                 ,
                 in
                 pain
                 to
                 forfeit
                 for
                 every
                 Egg
                 of
                 a
                 Crane
                 or
                 Bustard
                 so
                 taken
                 or
                 destroyed
                 20
                 d.
                 Of
                 a
                 Bittern
                 ,
                 Hern
                 ,
                 or
                 Shoveland
                 8
                 d.
                 And
                 of
                 a
                 Mallard
                 ,
                 Zeal
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 Wild-Fowl
                 1
                 d.
                 to
                 be
                 divided
                 betwixt
                 the
                 King
                 and
                 the
                 Prosecutor
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   23
                   Eliz.
                   cap.
                   10.
                
                 
                 None
                 shall
                 Kill
                 or
                 take
                 any
                 Pheasants
                 or
                 Partridges
                 with
                 any
                 Net
                 or
                 Engine
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 night-time
                 ,
                 in
                 pain
                 to
                 forfeit
                 for
                 every
                 Pheasant
                 20
                 s.
                 And
                 for
                 every
                 Partridge
                 10
                 s.
                 which
                 if
                 the
                 Offender
                 pay
                 not
                 within
                 ten
                 days
                 ,
                 he
                 shall
                 suffer
                 one
                 months
                 Imprisonment
                 without
                 Bail
                 ,
                 and
                 enter
                 into
                 Bond
                 (
                 for
                 two
                 years
                 )
                 with
                 good
                 Sureties
                 before
                 some
                 Justices
                 of
                 Peace
                 ,
                 not
                 to
                 offend
                 in
                 the
                 like
                 kind
                 .
              
               
                 II.
                 None
                 shall
                 Hawk
                 or
                 Hunt
                 with
                 his
                 Spaniels
                 in
                 standing
                 Grain
                 ,
                 or
                 before
                 it
                 is
                 Stocked
                 (
                 except
                 in
                 his
                 own
                 Ground
                 ,
                 or
                 with
                 the
                 Owner's
                 consent
                 )
                 in
                 pain
                 to
                 forfeit
                 40
                 s.
                 to
                 the
                 Owner
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Ground
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 recovered
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 Act
                 shall
                 not
                 restrain
                 Fowlers
                 who
                 unwillingly
                 take
                 Pheasants
                 or
                 Partridges
                 ,
                 and
                 forthwith
                 let
                 them
                 go
                 at
                 large
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   1
                   Jacob.
                   cap.
                   27.
                
                 
                 Every
                 person
                 convicted
                 by
                 his
                 own
                 Confession
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 two
                 Witnesses
                 upon
                 Oath
                 ,
                 before
                 two
                 or
                 more
                 Justices
                 of
                 Peace
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 Killed
                 or
                 Taken
                 any
                 Pheasant
                 ,
                 Partridge
                 ,
                 Pigeon
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 Game
                 ;
                 or
                 to
                 have
                 taken
                 or
                 destroyed
                 the
                 Eggs
                 of
                 Pheasants
                 ,
                 Partridges
                 ,
                 or
                 Swans
                 ,
                 shall
                 by
                 the
                 said
                 Justices
                 be
                 committed
                 to
                 Prison
                 without
                 Bail
                 ,
                 unless
                 he
                 immediately
                 pay
                 to
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 the
                 Poor
                 where
                 the
                 Offence
                 was
                 committed
                 ,
                 
                 or
                 he
                 apprehended
                 ,
                 20
                 s.
                 for
                 every
                 Fowl
                 or
                 Egg
                 so
                 killed
                 ,
                 taken
                 or
                 destroyed
                 ;
                 and
                 after
                 one
                 Months
                 Commitment
                 ,
                 shall
                 before
                 two
                 or
                 more
                 Justices
                 of
                 Peace
                 be
                 bound
                 with
                 two
                 sufficient
                 Sureties
                 in
                 20
                 l.
                 apiece
                 ,
                 with
                 condition
                 never
                 to
                 offend
                 in
                 the
                 like
                 kind
                 again
                 .
              
               
                 II.
                 Every
                 person
                 convicted
                 as
                 abovesaid
                 ,
                 to
                 keep
                 a
                 Grey-hound
                 ,
                 Dog
                 ,
                 or
                 Net
                 to
                 kill
                 or
                 take
                 Deer
                 ,
                 Hare
                 ,
                 Pheasant
                 ,
                 or
                 Partridge
                 (
                 unless
                 he
                 have
                 Inheritance
                 of
                 10
                 l.
                 
                   per
                   Annum
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Lease
                 for
                 life
                 of
                 30
                 l.
                 
                   per
                   Annum
                
                 ,
                 or
                 be
                 worth
                 200
                 l.
                 in
                 Goods
                 ,
                 or
                 otherwise
                 be
                 the
                 Son
                 of
                 a
                 Baron
                 or
                 Knight
                 ,
                 or
                 Heir
                 apparent
                 of
                 an
                 Esquire
                 )
                 shall
                 suffer
                 Imprisonment
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 ,
                 unless
                 he
                 pay
                 40
                 s.
                 to
                 the
                 use
                 abovesaid
                 .
              
               
                 III.
                 None
                 shall
                 sell
                 ,
                 or
                 buy
                 to
                 sell
                 again
                 any
                 Pheasant
                 or
                 Partridge
                 ,
                 (
                 except
                 by
                 them
                 reared
                 up
                 or
                 brought
                 from
                 beyond
                 Sea
                 )
                 in
                 pain
                 to
                 forfeit
                 for
                 every
                 Pheasant
                 20
                 s.
                 and
                 every
                 Partridge
                 10
                 s.
                 to
                 be
                 divided
                 betwixt
                 the
                 Prosecutor
                 and
                 the
                 Poor
                 of
                 the
                 parish
                 where
                 such
                 Offence
                 is
                 committed
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Stat.
                   7
                   Jacob.
                   cap.
                   11.
                
                 
                 Every
                 person
                 convicted
                 by
                 his
                 own
                 Confession
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 two
                 Witnesses
                 upon
                 Oath
                 ,
                 before
                 two
                 or
                 more
                 Justices
                 of
                 Peace
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 Hawked
                 ,
                 or
                 destroyed
                 any
                 Pheasant
                 or
                 Partridge
                 ,
                 betwixt
                 the
                 first
                 of
                 July
                 and
                 the
                 last
                 of
                 August
                 ,
                 shall
                 suffer
                 one
                 Moneths
                 Imprisonment
                 without
                 Bail
                 ,
                 unless
                 he
                 pay
                 to
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 the
                 Poor
                 where
                 the
                 Offence
                 was
                 committed
                 ,
                 
                 or
                 be
                 apprehended
                 40
                 s.
                 for
                 every
                 time
                 so
                 hawking
                 ,
                 and
                 20
                 s.
                 for
                 every
                 Pheasant
                 or
                 Partridge
                 so
                 taken
                 or
                 destroyed
                 :
                 But
                 this
                 offence
                 shall
                 be
                 prosecuted
                 within
                 six
                 months
                 after
                 it
                 shall
                 be
                 committed
                 .
              
               
                 II.
                 It
                 shall
                 be
                 lawful
                 for
                 the
                 Lord
                 of
                 a
                 Mannor
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 having
                 free
                 Warren
                 ,
                 Inheritance
                 of
                 40
                 l.
                 
                   per
                   Annum
                
                 ,
                 Free-hold
                 of
                 80
                 l.
                 
                   per
                   Annum
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Goods
                 worth
                 400
                 l.
                 or
                 their
                 Servants
                 (
                 Licensed
                 by
                 them
                 )
                 to
                 take
                 Pheasants
                 or
                 Partridges
                 within
                 their
                 own
                 Grounds
                 or
                 precinct
                 ,
                 so
                 they
                 do
                 it
                 in
                 the
                 day-time
                 ,
                 and
                 only
                 betwixt
                 Michaelmass
                 and
                 Christmass
                 .
              
               
                 III.
                 If
                 any
                 person
                 of
                 a
                 mean
                 condition
                 shall
                 be
                 convicted
                 by
                 his
                 own
                 Confession
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 one
                 Witness
                 upon
                 Oath
                 before
                 two
                 or
                 ,
                 more
                 Justices
                 of
                 the
                 Peace
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 killed
                 or
                 Taken
                 any
                 Pheasant
                 or
                 Partridge
                 with
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 Nets
                 ,
                 or
                 Engines
                 ,
                 he
                 shall
                 by
                 the
                 said
                 Justices
                 be
                 Committed
                 to
                 Prison
                 without
                 Bail
                 ,
                 unless
                 he
                 pay
                 to
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 the
                 Poor
                 where
                 the
                 Offence
                 was
                 committed
                 20
                 s.
                 for
                 every
                 Pheasant
                 or
                 Partridge
                 so
                 killed
                 or
                 taken
                 :
                 And
                 also
                 become
                 bound
                 before
                 one
                 or
                 more
                 Justice
                 of
                 Peace
                 in
                 a
                 Recognizance
                 of
                 20
                 l.
                 never
                 to
                 offend
                 in
                 the
                 like
                 kinde
                 agaiu
                 .
              
               
                 IV.
                 Every
                 Constable
                 or
                 Headborough
                 (
                 upon
                 Warrant
                 under
                 the
                 hand
                 of
                 two
                 Justices
                 of
                 Peace
                 )
                 hath
                 power
                 to
                 search
                 the
                 Houses
                 of
                 persons
                 suspected
                 to
                 have
                 
                 any
                 Setting-Dogs
                 or
                 Nets
                 for
                 the
                 the
                 taking
                 of
                 Pheasants
                 ,
                 or
                 Partridges
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 Dogs
                 or
                 Nets
                 there
                 found
                 to
                 kill
                 and
                 cut
                 in
                 pieces
                 at
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 as
                 things
                 forfeited
                 unto
                 the
                 said
                 Officers
                 .
              
               
                 V.
                 He
                 that
                 shall
                 be
                 punished
                 by
                 vertue
                 of
                 this
                 Act
                 ,
                 shall
                 not
                 be
                 punished
                 again
                 by
                 vertue
                 of
                 any
                 other
                 Law
                 for
                 the
                 same
                 Offence
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               
               
               
                 
                   
                     Barbel
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tench
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Roach
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dace
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Gudgion
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pearch
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Loach
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Eele
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Grayling
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Salmon
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Trout
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Carp
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Bream
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pike
                  
                
              
            
             
               
               
               
                 THE
                 GENTLEMAN'S
                 Recreation
                 :
                 Containing
                 DIRECT
                 RULES
                 FOR
                 THAT
                 Noble
                 and
                 Delightful
                 ART
                 OF
                 ANGLING
                 :
                 Whereunto
                 is
                 annexed
                 An
                 Abstract
                 of
                 all
                 such
                 Statute
                 for
                 penal
                 Laws
                 relating
                 to
                 that
                 Curious
                 Art.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Fourth
                 Part.
                 
              
               
                 LONDON
                 ,
                 Printed
                 by
                 
                   J.
                   C.
                
                 for
                 
                   N.
                   C.
                
                 
              
            
             
               
               
               
                 OF
                 FISHING
                 .
                 The
                 Introduction
                 .
              
               
                 ANGLING
                 is
                 an
                 excellent
                 Art
                 ,
                 which
                 as
                 it
                 pleads
                 great
                 Antiquity
                 ,
                 so
                 the
                 knowledge
                 thereof
                 is
                 with
                 much
                 difficulty
                 to
                 be
                 obtained
                 :
                 and
                 indeed
                 it
                 bears
                 some
                 similitude
                 to
                 Poetry
                 in
                 this
                 ,
                 that
                 as
                 it
                 is
                 said
                 ,
                 
                   Poeta
                   nascitur
                   ,
                   non
                   fit
                
                 ,
                 so
                 ought
                 the
                 Piscator
                 or
                 Fisher-man
                 to
                 have
                 a
                 natural
                 inclination
                 unto
                 the
                 Art
                 of
                 Angling
                 ,
                 or
                 his
                 knowledge
                 therein
                 will
                 be
                 always
                 dull
                 and
                 imperfect
                 ;
                 not
                 but
                 that
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 much
                 heightned
                 by
                 practice
                 and
                 experience
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 he
                 that
                 intends
                 to
                 be
                 his
                 Crafts-master
                 in
                 this
                 harmless
                 Pastime
                 or
                 Recreation
                 ,
                 must
                 not
                 onely
                 diligently
                 search
                 and
                 enquire
                 into
                 the
                 mysteries
                 and
                 depths
                 of
                 this
                 Art
                 ,
                 but
                 must
                 also
                 be
                 furnished
                 ,
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 natural
                 propensity
                 thereunto
                 ,
                 attended
                 with
                 observation
                 and
                 Patience
                 :
                 And
                 having
                 gotten
                 by
                 observationand
                 practice
                 a
                 competent
                 knowledge
                 ,
                 or
                 having
                 
                 conquer'd
                 the
                 difficulties
                 of
                 Angling
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 then
                 not
                 onely
                 prove
                 pleasant
                 ,
                 but
                 profitable
                 ,
                 and
                 be
                 like
                 Vertue
                 ,
                 a
                 Reward
                 to
                 it self
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 that
                 I
                 may
                 farther
                 commend
                 this
                 ingenious
                 profession
                 ,
                 be
                 pleased
                 to
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 the
                 Antiquity
                 thereof
                 ;
                 some
                 saying
                 it
                 is
                 as
                 ancient
                 as
                 Deucalion's
                 Flood
                 .
                 Some
                 attribute
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 invention
                 of
                 one
                 Belus
                 ,
                 the
                 first
                 Author
                 of
                 vertuous
                 Recreations
                 .
                 Others
                 say
                 that
                 Seth
                 left
                 the
                 knowledge
                 of
                 Angling
                 to
                 his
                 posterity
                 ingraven
                 on
                 brazen
                 Pillars
                 with
                 the
                 first
                 Rudiments
                 of
                 the
                 Mathematicks
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 useful
                 Arts
                 ;
                 by
                 which
                 means
                 they
                 were
                 preserved
                 from
                 perishing
                 in
                 the
                 universal
                 Deluge
              
               
                 Divers
                 are
                 the
                 opinions
                 of
                 men
                 concerning
                 the
                 Antiquity
                 of
                 this
                 Art
                 :
                 let
                 it
                 suffice
                 ,
                 that
                 certainly
                 it
                 is
                 older
                 than
                 Christ's
                 Incarnation
                 ;
                 for
                 both
                 Job
                 and
                 the
                 Prophet
                 Amos
                 make
                 mention
                 of
                 Fish-hooks
                 ,
                 and
                 consequently
                 there
                 must
                 be
                 Anglers
                 then
                 in
                 those
                 days
              
               
                 The
                 next
                 thing
                 that
                 offers
                 it self
                 in
                 the
                 commendation
                 of
                 this
                 Art
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 benefit
                 of
                 Contemplation
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 acquired
                 hereby
                 ;
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 thing
                 (
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 opinion
                 of
                 some
                 learned
                 Cloister'd
                 men
                 )
                 to
                 be
                 preferred
                 before
                 Action
                 ,
                 because
                 say
                 they
                 )
                 it
                 makes
                 us
                 mortals
                 the
                 nearer
                 to
                 come
                 to
                 the
                 Creator
                 by
                 way
                 of
                 imitation
                 ;
                 for
                 he
                 is
                 all
                 Contemplation
                 of
                 his
                 own
                 infinite
                 Power
                 Goodness
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 But
                 waving
                 this
                 ,
                 I
                 cannot
                 let
                 slip
                 the
                 expression
                 of
                 an
                 ingenious
                 Forreiner
                 ,
                 who
                 said
                 ,
                 
                   That
                   Rivers
                   and
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   of
                   the
                   watry
                   Element
                   were
                   made
                   for
                   wise
                   men
                   to
                   contemplate
                   ,
                   and
                   fools
                   to
                   pass
                   by
                   without
                   consideration
                   .
                
                 Modesty
                 will
                 not
                 permit
                 me
                 to
                 rank
                 my self
                 in
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 the
                 first
                 ;
                 and
                 I
                 shall
                 endeavour
                 to
                 clear
                 my self
                 from
                 the
                 scandal
                 of
                 the
                 last
                 ,
                 by
                 giving
                 you
                 a
                 short
                 account
                 of
                 Rivers
                 and
                 their
                 watry
                 Inhabitants
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 shall
                 first
                 discourse
                 of
                 Rivers
                 :
                 one
                 whereof
                 I
                 have
                 
                 read
                 of
                 ,
                 scituate
                 in
                 Epirus
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 a
                 strange
                 double
                 and
                 contrar
                 property
                 ;
                 the
                 one
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 will
                 extinguish
                 any
                 Torch
                 that
                 is
                 lighted
                 :
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 is
                 ,
                 to
                 light
                 a
                 Torch
                 never
                 lighted
                 before
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 River
                 Silarus
                 in
                 a
                 few
                 hours
                 will
                 (
                 as
                 report
                 saith
                 )
                 convert
                 a
                 Rod
                 into
                 Stone
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 my self
                 know
                 a
                 Lough
                 in
                 Ireland
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 some
                 years
                 will
                 convert
                 Wood
                 into
                 Stone
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 are
                 made
                 the
                 best
                 Hones
                 .
                 Cambden
                 makes
                 mention
                 of
                 a
                 Well
                 near
                 Kerby
                 in
                 Cumberland
                 ,
                 that
                 ebbs
                 and
                 flows
                 several
                 times
                 every
                 day
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 same
                 Author
                 makes
                 mention
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Mole
                 in
                 Surrey
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 running
                 several
                 miles
                 under
                 ground
                 ,
                 being
                 opposed
                 by
                 Hills
                 ,
                 at
                 last
                 breaks
                 out
                 again
                 so
                 far
                 off
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 thereabout
                 boast
                 (
                 as
                 the
                 Spaniards
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Ama
                 )
                 that
                 they
                 feed
                 several
                 Flocks
                 of
                 Sheep
                 on
                 a
                 green
                 Bridge
                 .
                 There
                 is
                 such
                 another
                 green
                 Bridge
                 in
                 Wales
                 ,
                 the
                 River
                 running
                 a
                 great
                 way
                 under
                 ground
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 di●emboguing
                 it self
                 into
                 the
                 Sea.
                 Some
                 thereabout
                 report
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 have
                 put
                 a
                 living
                 Goose
                 into
                 the
                 Hole
                 where
                 the
                 Water
                 falls
                 ,
                 and
                 she
                 hath
                 swum
                 out
                 at
                 the
                 other
                 end
                 ;
                 but
                 with
                 no
                 Feathers
                 on
                 her
                 back
                 .
              
               
                 Mr.
                 
                   Thomas
                   May
                
                 in
                 his
                 History
                 of
                 
                   The
                   Reign
                   of
                   King
                   Henry
                   the
                   Second
                   ,
                
                 relates
                 two
                 strange
                 things
                 from
                 
                   Gricaldus
                   Cambrensis
                
                 ,
                 of
                 certain
                 Wells
                 in
                 Ireland
                 .
                 His
                 Words
                 are
                 these
                 :
              
               
                 
                   A
                   Well
                   there
                   is
                   in
                   Munster
                   to
                   be
                   seen
                   ,
                
                 
                   Within
                   whose
                   Waters
                   whosoe're
                   hath
                   been
                
                 
                   Once
                   drench'd
                   ,
                   his
                   Hair
                   streight
                   takes
                   an
                   hoary
                   dye
                   .
                
                 
                   Another
                   Fountain
                   of
                   quite
                   contrary
                
                 
                   Effect
                   to
                   that
                   in
                   Ulster
                   Springs
                   ;
                   for
                   there
                
                 
                   Those
                   that
                   have
                   washed
                   once
                   ,
                   how
                   old
                   soe're
                   ,
                
                 
                   Shall
                   never
                   after
                   have
                   an
                   hoary
                   Hair.
                   
                
              
               
               
                 Another
                 thing
                 ,
                 though
                 against
                 Nature
                 ,
                 yet
                 for
                 the
                 strangeness
                 of
                 it
                 I
                 cannot
                 choose
                 but
                 relate
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 of
                 a
                 certain
                 River
                 near
                 Harwood
                 in
                 Bedfordshire
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 the
                 year
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 1399
                 ,
                 (
                 a
                 little
                 before
                 the
                 Civil
                 Wars
                 between
                 the
                 Houses
                 of
                 York
                 and
                 Lancaster
                 burst
                 forth
                 )
                 of
                 a
                 sudden
                 stood
                 still
                 ,
                 and
                 divided
                 it
                 felf
                 asunder
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 men
                 might
                 pass
                 three
                 miles
                 together
                 on
                 foot
                 down
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 the
                 Channel
                 ,
                 leaving
                 the
                 Waters
                 like
                 a
                 Wall
                 behind
                 them
                 .
                 Speed
                 in
                 his
                 Descript.
                 Bedford
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 shall
                 conclude
                 with
                 two
                 of
                 the
                 strangest
                 Rivers
                 that
                 ever
                 were
                 heard
                 of
                 .
                 The
                 first
                 is
                 a
                 River
                 called
                 Eleusina
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 so
                 merrily
                 disposed
                 ,
                 (
                 if
                 you
                 will
                 believe
                 a
                 man
                 of
                 no
                 less
                 Authority
                 than
                 Aristotle
                 )
                 that
                 it
                 will
                 dance
                 to
                 a
                 Fiddle
                 ,
                 bubling
                 at
                 the
                 noise
                 of
                 Musick
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 grow
                 very
                 muddy
                 ;
                 but
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 the
                 Musick
                 ceaseth
                 ,
                 it
                 ceaseth
                 its
                 motion
                 ,
                 returning
                 to
                 its
                 former
                 calmness
                 and
                 clearness
                 .
                 The
                 other
                 is
                 as
                 wonderful
                 ,
                 and
                 (
                 if
                 you
                 will
                 believe
                 Josephus
                 that
                 learned
                 Jew
                 )
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 River
                 in
                 Judaea
                 ,
                 which
                 runs
                 very
                 swisth
                 all
                 the
                 six
                 days
                 of
                 the
                 Week
                 ,
                 but
                 resteth
                 on
                 the
                 Seventh
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 Jewish
                 Sabbath
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 now
                 a
                 word
                 or
                 two
                 concerning
                 Fish
                 :
                 Plinsaith
                 ,
                 That
                 Nature's
                 great
                 and
                 wonderful
                 powers
                 more
                 demonstrated
                 in
                 the
                 Sea
                 than
                 on
                 the
                 Land
                 :
                 and
                 this
                 may
                 appear
                 by
                 those
                 numerous
                 and
                 various
                 Creatures
                 which
                 inhabit
                 in
                 and
                 about
                 that
                 Element
                 ;
                 which
                 will
                 appear
                 more
                 at
                 large
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 will
                 read
                 their
                 History
                 written
                 either
                 by
                 
                   Rondeletius
                   ,
                   Gesner
                   ,
                   Johnstonus
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Aldrovandus
                 .
                 The
                 number
                 and
                 the
                 various
                 shapes
                 o●
                 these
                 Fishes
                 are
                 not
                 more
                 strange
                 ,
                 than
                 their
                 different
                 Natures
                 ,
                 Inclinations
                 and
                 Actions
                 .
                 Give
                 me
                 leave
                 to
                 speak
                 a
                 little
                 hereof
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 a
                 Fish
                 called
                 the
                 Cuttle-fish
                 ,
                 which
                 w●●
                 cast
                 a
                 long
                 Gut
                 out
                 of
                 her
                 Throat
                 ,
                 with
                 which
                 she
                 a●gles
                 :
                 For
                 lying
                 obscurely
                 in
                 the
                 Mud
                 ,
                 she
                 perm●●
                 
                 small
                 Fish
                 to
                 nibble
                 at
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 that
                 means
                 draws
                 them
                 near
                 her
                 by
                 little
                 and
                 little
                 ,
                 till
                 coming
                 within
                 her
                 reach
                 ,
                 she
                 leaps
                 upon
                 them
                 and
                 devours
                 them
                 :
                 hence
                 she
                 is
                 called
                 the
                 Sea-Angler
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Hermit
                 is
                 a
                 Fish
                 that
                 when
                 she
                 grows
                 old
                 will
                 seek
                 out
                 a
                 dead
                 Fish's
                 shell
                 ,
                 fit
                 for
                 her
                 purpose
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 dwell
                 secluded
                 from
                 all
                 company
                 ,
                 studying
                 nothing
                 more
                 than
                 how
                 to
                 defend
                 her self
                 against
                 the
                 injuries
                 of
                 Wind
                 and
                 Weather
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Sargus
                 is
                 a
                 Fish
                 so
                 lascivious
                 ,
                 (
                 as
                 Du-Bartas
                 expresseth
                 it
                 rarely
                 well
                 )
                 that
                 when
                 he
                 cannot
                 find
                 change
                 of
                 Mates
                 enough
                 in
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 get
                 ashore
                 and
                 Cuckold
                 a
                 Goat
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Goes
                   courting
                   She-Goats
                   on
                   the
                   grassy
                   Shore
                   ,
                
                 
                   Horning
                   their
                   Husbands
                   that
                   had
                   Horns
                   before
                   .
                
              
               
                 Whereas
                 it
                 is
                 reported
                 that
                 the
                 Mullet
                 is
                 so
                 chast
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 she
                 is
                 deprived
                 of
                 her
                 Mate
                 ,
                 she
                 will
                 follow
                 him
                 to
                 the
                 shore
                 and
                 dye
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Torpedo
                 ,
                 or
                 Cramp-fish
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 Fish
                 of
                 so
                 baneful
                 and
                 poysonous
                 a
                 nature
                 ,
                 that
                 all
                 other
                 Fish
                 that
                 come
                 within
                 her
                 reach
                 are
                 immediately
                 stupified
                 and
                 without
                 motion
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 they
                 easily
                 become
                 her
                 prey
                 ;
                 nay
                 ,
                 she
                 will
                 so
                 suddenly
                 convey
                 her
                 Poyson
                 up
                 the
                 Rod
                 and
                 Line
                 of
                 the
                 Angler
                 ,
                 when
                 she
                 feels
                 her self
                 entangled
                 ,
                 that
                 his
                 Hands
                 and
                 Arms
                 immediately
                 losing
                 their
                 strength
                 ,
                 become
                 nummed
                 and
                 senseless
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Scolopendra
                 hath
                 as
                 rare
                 and
                 strange
                 a
                 way
                 of
                 defending
                 her self
                 from
                 the
                 Anglers
                 subtilty
                 ,
                 as
                 any
                 Fish
                 whatever
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 may
                 credit
                 the
                 relation
                 of
                 Du-Bartas
                 ,
                 whose
                 words
                 are
                 these
                 :
              
               
               
                 
                   But
                   if
                   the
                   Scolopendra
                   have
                   suckt
                   in
                
                 
                   The
                   sowre-sweet
                   morsel
                   with
                   the
                   barbed
                   pin
                   ,
                
                 
                   She
                   hath
                   as
                   rare
                   a
                   Trick
                   to
                   rid
                   her
                   from
                   it
                   ;
                
                 
                   For
                   instantly
                   she
                   all
                   her
                   Guts
                   will
                   vomit
                   ;
                
                 
                   And
                   having
                   clear'd
                   them
                   from
                   the
                   danger
                   ,
                   then
                
                 
                   She
                   fair
                   and
                   softly
                   sups
                   them
                   in
                   again
                   ,
                
                 
                   So
                   that
                   not
                   one
                   of
                   them
                   within
                   her
                   Womb
                
                 
                   Changeth
                   his
                   Office
                   or
                   his
                   wonted
                   room
                   .
                
              
               
                 The
                 Remora
                 is
                 a
                 Fish
                 of
                 so
                 strange
                 and
                 secret
                 a
                 property
                 (
                 and
                 for
                 that
                 reason
                 is
                 often
                 used
                 for
                 a
                 Metaphor
                 )
                 that
                 as
                 the
                 same
                 Du-Bartas
                 saith
                 ,
              
               
                 
                   Let
                   all
                   the
                   Winds
                   in
                   one
                   Wind
                   gather
                   them
                   ,
                
                 
                   And
                   (
                   seconded
                   with
                   Neptune's
                   strongest
                   stream
                   )
                
                 
                   Let
                   all
                   at
                   once
                   blow
                   all
                   their
                   stiffest
                   gales
                   ,
                
                 
                   Aftern
                   a
                   Galley
                   under
                   all
                   her
                   sails
                   ;
                
                 
                   Let
                   her
                   be
                   holpen
                   with
                   an
                   hundred
                   Oars
                   ;
                
                 
                   Each
                   lively
                   handled
                   by
                   five
                   lusty
                   Rowers
                   ;
                
                 
                   The
                   Remora
                   fixing
                   her
                   feeble
                   Horn
                
                 
                   Into
                   the
                   Tempest-beaten
                   Vessels
                   Stern
                   ,
                
                 
                   Stays
                   her
                   Stone-still
                   .
                
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 year
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 1180
                 ,
                 near
                 Orford
                 in
                 Suffolk
                 ,
                 there
                 was
                 a
                 Fish
                 taken
                 in
                 the
                 perfect
                 shape
                 of
                 a
                 Man
                 ;
                 he
                 was
                 kept
                 by
                 
                   Bartholomew
                   de
                   Glanvile
                
                 in
                 the
                 Castle
                 of
                 Orford
                 above
                 half
                 a
                 year
                 ;
                 but
                 at
                 length
                 ,
                 not
                 being
                 carefully
                 looked
                 to
                 ,
                 he
                 stole
                 to
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 never
                 seen
                 after
                 .
                 He
                 never
                 spake
                 ,
                 but
                 would
                 eat
                 any
                 Meat
                 that
                 was
                 given
                 him
                 ,
                 especially
                 raw
                 Fish
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 had
                 squeezed
                 out
                 the
                 juice
                 :
                 He
                 was
                 often
                 had
                 to
                 Church
                 ,
                 but
                 never
                 shewed
                 any
                 sign
                 of
                 Adoration
                 .
              
               
                 Let
                 what
                 is
                 already
                 spoken
                 of
                 Fish
                 suffice
                 ,
                 since
                 it
                 will
                 not
                 onely
                 be
                 impertinent
                 to
                 enlarge
                 farther
                 ,
                 but
                 
                 impossible
                 here
                 to
                 give
                 an
                 account
                 of
                 the
                 natures
                 of
                 all
                 Fish
                 :
                 I
                 shall
                 therefore
                 refer
                 you
                 to
                 such
                 Authors
                 who
                 have
                 made
                 it
                 their
                 business
                 to
                 write
                 large
                 Volumes
                 .
              
               
                 Before
                 I
                 put
                 an
                 end
                 to
                 this
                 Introduction
                 ,
                 permit
                 me
                 to
                 insert
                 something
                 in
                 the
                 praise
                 of
                 Fishermen
                 and
                 Fishing
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 short
                 Encomium
                 ,
                 or
                 somewhat
                 in
                 Praise
                 of
                 Fisher-men
                 and
                 Fishing
                 .
              
               
                 IT
                 is
                 very
                 remarkable
                 ,
                 that
                 amongst
                 the
                 Twelve
                 Holy
                 Apostles
                 there
                 were
                 four
                 of
                 them
                 Fisher-men
                 ,
                 whom
                 our
                 Saviour
                 elected
                 and
                 inspired
                 to
                 preach
                 the
                 Gospel
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 reason
                 that
                 some
                 give
                 for
                 this
                 choice
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 knew
                 and
                 found
                 the
                 hearts
                 of
                 such
                 men
                 naturally
                 more
                 fitted
                 for
                 Contemplation
                 and
                 quietness
                 ,
                 having
                 Spirits
                 mild
                 ,
                 sweet
                 ,
                 and
                 peaceable
                 .
              
               
                 Besides
                 ,
                 our
                 Saviour
                 seems
                 to
                 have
                 a
                 more
                 than
                 common
                 respect
                 for
                 their
                 Ocupation
                 ,
                 for
                 two
                 reasons
                 .
                 First
                 ,
                 He
                 never
                 reproved
                 these
                 for
                 their
                 profession
                 ,
                 as
                 he
                 did
                 others
                 ,
                 viz.
                 the
                 Scribes
                 and
                 Money-changers
                 .
                 Next
                 ,
                 He
                 dignified
                 these
                 poor
                 Fisher-men
                 with
                 the
                 priority
                 of
                 Nomination
                 in
                 the
                 Catalogue
                 of
                 his
                 Twelve
                 Apostles
                 .
                 Nay
                 ,
                 that
                 which
                 is
                 more
                 observable
                 is
                 this
                 ,
                 that
                 our
                 Saviour
                 took
                 only
                 three
                 of
                 these
                 Fisher-men
                 with
                 him
                 when
                 he
                 ascended
                 the
                 Mount
                 to
                 bear
                 him
                 company
                 at
                 his
                 Transfiguration
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 lawfulness
                 of
                 Fishing
                 ,
                 I
                 think
                 none
                 can
                 speak
                 against
                 it
                 ,
                 since
                 our
                 Saviour
                 himself
                 commanded
                 St.
                 Peter
                 to
                 fish
                 to
                 pay
                 Caesar
                 his
                 Tribute
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 as
                 the
                 Ancients
                 have
                 highly
                 applauded
                 and
                 approved
                 
                 of
                 this
                 ingenious
                 Exercise
                 ,
                 several
                 of
                 the
                 Hero's
                 of
                 old
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 height
                 of
                 their
                 glory
                 ,
                 having
                 exercised
                 themselves
                 herein
                 :
                 so
                 several
                 of
                 our
                 eminent
                 late
                 Divines
                 have
                 done
                 the
                 like
                 ;
                 as
                 Dr.
                 Whitaker
                 ,
                 learned
                 Perkins
                 ,
                 Dr.
                 Nowel
                 Dean
                 of
                 St.
                 
                   Pauls
                   London
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 incomparable
                 Sir
                 
                   Henry
                   Wotton
                
                 Provost
                 of
                 Eaton
                 Colledge
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 a
                 great
                 lover
                 of
                 Angling
                 ,
                 and
                 would
                 frequently
                 say
                 thereof
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 after
                 his
                 Study
                 a
                 Rest
                 to
                 his
                 mind
                 ,
                 a
                 chearer
                 to
                 his
                 Spirits
                 ,
                 a
                 diverter
                 of
                 sadness
                 ,
                 a
                 Calmer
                 of
                 unquiet
                 thoughts
                 ,
                 a
                 Moderator
                 of
                 Passions
                 ,
                 a
                 procurer
                 of
                 Contentedness
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 it
                 begot
                 habits
                 of
                 Peace
                 and
                 Patience
                 in
                 those
                 that
                 profess
                 and
                 practice
                 it
                 .
                 And
                 thus
                 I
                 conclude
                 the
                 praise
                 of
                 Angling
                 ,
                 though
                 much
                 more
                 might
                 be
                 spoke
                 thereof
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 How
                 to
                 Improve
                 Fish-ponds
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Fish
                 therein
                 contained
                 .
              
               
                 BEfore
                 I
                 shall
                 lay
                 down
                 such
                 Observations
                 and
                 Instructions
                 ,
                 which
                 with
                 much
                 pains
                 and
                 cost
                 I
                 have
                 collected
                 ,
                 to
                 render
                 a
                 Fisher-man
                 compleat
                 in
                 that
                 delightful
                 Exercise
                 of
                 taking
                 Fish
                 :
                 I
                 shall
                 give
                 an
                 account
                 of
                 Ponds
                 ,
                 and
                 how
                 they
                 may
                 in
                 the
                 best
                 manner
                 be
                 improved
                 .
              
               
                 Imprimis
                 .
                 Consider
                 the
                 scituation
                 of
                 your
                 Pond
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 those
                 Currents
                 which
                 run
                 into
                 it
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 next
                 place
                 ,
                 observe
                 whether
                 it
                 be
                 a
                 Breeder
                 ,
                 or
                 not
                 ;
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 a
                 Breeder
                 ,
                 Experience
                 will
                 instruct
                 you
                 never
                 to
                 expect
                 any
                 large
                 Carps
                 from
                 such
                 Ponds
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 greatness
                 of
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 the
                 Spawn
                 will
                 over
                 stock
                 the
                 Pond
                 ;
                 therefore
                 for
                 large
                 Carps
                 a
                 Store-pond
                 is
                 ever
                 accounted
                 best
                 .
              
               
               
                 Now
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 Breeding-pond
                 become
                 a
                 Store-pond
                 ,
                 when
                 you
                 cannot
                 make
                 a
                 Store-pond
                 become
                 a
                 Breeding-pond
                 ,
                 thus
                 you
                 must
                 do
                 .
                 When
                 you
                 sue
                 your
                 Pond
                 ,
                 consider
                 what
                 quantity
                 of
                 Carps
                 it
                 will
                 maintain
                 ;
                 then
                 put
                 in
                 all
                 Milters
                 ,
                 or
                 all
                 Spawners
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 means
                 in
                 a
                 little
                 time
                 you
                 will
                 have
                 Carps
                 that
                 are
                 both
                 large
                 and
                 fat
                 beyond
                 your
                 expectation
                 .
                 By
                 puting
                 in
                 but
                 one
                 Sex
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 an
                 impossibility
                 of
                 encreasing
                 of
                 them
                 ;
                 but
                 of
                 the
                 Roach
                 it
                 will
                 notwithstanding
                 multiply
                 abundantly
                 :
                 Therefore
                 it
                 is
                 needful
                 ,
                 and
                 altogether
                 necessary
                 for
                 such
                 who
                 keep
                 Breeding-ponds
                 ,
                 to
                 sue
                 them
                 once
                 in
                 three
                 years
                 ,
                 for
                 fear
                 of
                 the
                 encrease
                 of
                 Roaches
                 ,
                 though
                 none
                 were
                 ever
                 put
                 in
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 seem
                 very
                 strange
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 truth
                 thereof
                 could
                 not
                 be
                 made
                 manifest
                 ;
                 as
                 thus
                 :
                 there
                 are
                 several
                 Ponds
                 frequented
                 by
                 Wild-ducks
                 ,
                 which
                 usually
                 come
                 at
                 nights
                 to
                 feed
                 with
                 the
                 Tame
                 ones
                 there
                 abiding
                 :
                 Now
                 those
                 Wild-ducks
                 bring
                 these
                 Roaches
                 with
                 them
                 ,
                 for
                 their
                 feeding
                 amongst
                 weeds
                 in
                 Rivers
                 .
              
               
                 Besides
                 the
                 Spawn
                 of
                 Roaches
                 will
                 hang
                 about
                 their
                 Feet
                 and
                 Feathers
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 washed
                 off
                 by
                 the
                 water
                 of
                 those
                 Ponds
                 they
                 are
                 accustomed
                 to
                 haunt
                 ;
                 by
                 which
                 means
                 in
                 a
                 few
                 years
                 they
                 become
                 so
                 numerous
                 though
                 you
                 your self
                 did
                 not
                 put
                 one
                 into
                 the
                 Breeding
                 pond
                 ;
                 for
                 which
                 cause
                 you
                 sind
                 your
                 Carps
                 so
                 lean
                 ,
                 and
                 almost
                 hunger
                 starved
                 .
              
               
                 By
                 the
                 way
                 ,
                 give
                 me
                 leave
                 to
                 insert
                 this
                 true
                 story
                 .
                 A
                 Gentleman
                 not
                 far
                 from
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 London
                 ,
                 had
                 a
                 large
                 pond
                 of
                 about
                 four
                 Acres
                 of
                 ground
                 ;
                 a
                 Gentleman
                 standing
                 by
                 at
                 the
                 suing
                 thereof
                 ,
                 and
                 seeing
                 not
                 only
                 a
                 great
                 quantity
                 of
                 Fish
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 best
                 grown
                 that
                 ever
                 he
                 saw
                 ,
                 he
                 advised
                 him
                 to
                 put
                 in
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 hundred
                 of
                 stores
                 of
                 Carp
                 ,
                 about
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 years
                 growth
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 a
                 pond
                 that
                 was
                 over
                 stocked
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 put
                 Sixty
                 of
                 those
                 he
                 had
                 taken
                 out
                 ;
                 which
                 
                 accordingly
                 he
                 saw
                 done
                 ,
                 fancying
                 to
                 see
                 stately
                 Carps
                 at
                 the
                 next
                 suing
                 .
              
               
                 After
                 the
                 expiration
                 of
                 four
                 years
                 ,
                 this
                 Gentleman
                 was
                 advised
                 to
                 sue
                 his
                 Pond
                 ,
                 to
                 see
                 what
                 Monsters
                 four
                 years
                 addition
                 to
                 their
                 growth
                 would
                 produce
                 ;
                 for
                 those
                 sixty
                 Carps
                 were
                 from
                 Eye
                 to
                 Fork
                 from
                 fifteen
                 Inches
                 to
                 eighteen
                 Inches
                 when
                 he
                 put
                 them
                 in
                 :
                 now
                 having
                 sued
                 his
                 Pond
                 ,
                 he
                 found
                 almost
                 the
                 whole
                 number
                 of
                 his
                 Carps
                 ;
                 but
                 they
                 were
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 lean
                 condition
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 did
                 not
                 know
                 them
                 ;
                 for
                 they
                 were
                 Monsters
                 in
                 Nature
                 their
                 heads
                 being
                 bigger
                 than
                 their
                 whole
                 bodies
                 ,
                 and
                 almost
                 as
                 heavy
                 and
                 this
                 happened
                 it
                 seems
                 by
                 his
                 own
                 foll
                 ,
                 by
                 putting
                 in
                 but
                 twenty
                 Roaches
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 the
                 Pond
                 was
                 sued
                 there
                 were
                 bushels
                 of
                 small
                 Roaches
                 ,
                 and
                 these
                 Roaches
                 eat
                 up
                 all
                 the
                 sweet
                 feed
                 from
                 the
                 Carps
                 ;
                 for
                 Roaches
                 are
                 like
                 sheep
                 to
                 great
                 Cattle
                 ,
                 which
                 eat
                 up
                 and
                 devour
                 all
                 the
                 sweet
                 feed
                 ,
                 and
                 what
                 affords
                 the
                 greatest
                 nutriment
                 .
                 This
                 Gentleman
                 was
                 very
                 much
                 frustrated
                 of
                 his
                 expectation
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 Fish-monger
                 which
                 came
                 from
                 London
                 to
                 buy
                 a
                 penny-worth
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 he
                 perceived
                 the
                 Monsters
                 ,
                 he
                 mounted
                 his
                 Horse
                 ,
                 and
                 rid
                 as
                 if
                 the
                 Devil
                 drove
                 him
                 ,
                 not
                 so
                 much
                 as
                 bidding
                 the
                 Gentleman
                 farewel
                 .
                 Here
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 noted
                 ,
                 that
                 Ponds
                 which
                 will
                 not
                 breed
                 one
                 
                   Carp
                   ;
                   Roaches
                
                 in
                 one
                 year
                 will
                 multiply
                 by
                 thousands
                 ;
                 therefore
                 you
                 must
                 be
                 careful
                 every
                 year
                 to
                 view
                 your
                 Pond
                 ,
                 and
                 observe
                 if
                 any
                 such
                 fry
                 appears
                 ,
                 lest
                 when
                 you
                 come
                 to
                 sue
                 your
                 Pond
                 ,
                 you
                 be
                 deceived
                 in
                 your
                 expectation
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 How
                 to
                 make
                 Carps
                 grow
                 to
                 an
                 extraordinary
                 bigness
                 in
                 a
                 Pond
                 .
              
               
                 PErceiving
                 about
                 the
                 month
                 of
                 April
                 that
                 your
                 pond
                 begins
                 to
                 grow
                 low
                 in
                 Water
                 ,
                 then
                 with
                 an
                 Iron-Rake
                 ,
                 
                 rake
                 all
                 the
                 sides
                 of
                 your
                 pond
                 where
                 the
                 water
                 is
                 fallen
                 away
                 ;
                 then
                 sow
                 some
                 Hay-seeds
                 ,
                 and
                 rake
                 it
                 well
                 ;
                 by
                 this
                 means
                 at
                 the
                 later
                 end
                 of
                 Summer
                 there
                 will
                 be
                 a
                 great
                 growth
                 of
                 Grass
                 ;
                 which
                 when
                 winter
                 comes
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 pond
                 being
                 raised
                 by
                 Rain
                 to
                 the
                 Top
                 ,
                 will
                 overflow
                 all
                 that
                 Grass
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 the
                 Carps
                 having
                 water
                 to
                 carry
                 them
                 to
                 the
                 feed
                 ,
                 will
                 fill
                 themselves
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 a
                 short
                 time
                 become
                 as
                 fat
                 as
                 Hogs
                 that
                 are
                 kept
                 up
                 for
                 that
                 purpose
                 :
                 Do
                 this
                 every
                 Summer
                 till
                 you
                 sue
                 your
                 Pond
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 will
                 find
                 no
                 River
                 -
                 Carp
                 to
                 surpass
                 them
                 either
                 in
                 fatness
                 or
                 sweetness
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 General
                 Observations
                 to
                 be
                 understood
                 by
                 all
                 such
                 who
                 desire
                 to
                 attain
                 to
                 the
                 compleat
                 and
                 perfect
                 Art
                 of
                 Angling
                 .
              
               
                 BY
                 no
                 means
                 fish
                 in
                 light
                 and
                 dazling
                 Apparel
                 but
                 let
                 your
                 Cloathing
                 be
                 of
                 a
                 dark
                 dusky
                 colour
                 .
              
               
                 Wheresoever
                 you
                 use
                 to
                 angle
                 (
                 for
                 the
                 Angler
                 hath
                 his
                 peculiar
                 haunt
                 )
                 cast
                 in
                 once
                 in
                 four
                 or
                 five
                 days
                 Corn
                 boiled
                 soft
                 ;
                 if
                 for
                 Carp
                 and
                 Tench
                 ,
                 oftner
                 :
                 also
                 you
                 may
                 cast
                 in
                 Garbage
                 ,
                 Livers
                 of
                 Beasts
                 ,
                 Worms
                 chopt
                 in
                 pieces
                 ,
                 or
                 Grains
                 steeped
                 in
                 Blood
                 and
                 dried
                 .
                 This
                 will
                 attract
                 the
                 Fish
                 unto
                 the
                 place
                 :
                 and
                 to
                 keep
                 them
                 together
                 as
                 you
                 fish
                 ,
                 throw
                 in
                 half
                 a
                 handful
                 of
                 Grains
                 of
                 ground
                 Malt.
                 This
                 must
                 be
                 done
                 in
                 still
                 water
                 ;
                 but
                 in
                 a
                 Stream
                 you
                 must
                 cast
                 your
                 Grains
                 above
                 your
                 Hook
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 about
                 it
                 ;
                 sor
                 as
                 they
                 float
                 from
                 your
                 Hook
                 ,
                 so
                 will
                 they
                 draw
                 the
                 Fish
                 after
                 them
                 .
              
               
               
                 If
                 you
                 will
                 bait
                 a
                 Stream
                 ,
                 get
                 some
                 Tin-boxes
                 made
                 full
                 of
                 holes
                 no
                 bigger
                 than
                 just
                 fit
                 for
                 a
                 Worm
                 to
                 creep
                 through
                 ;
                 then
                 fill
                 these
                 Boxes
                 with
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 having
                 fastned
                 a
                 Plummet
                 to
                 sink
                 them
                 ,
                 cast
                 them
                 into
                 the
                 Stream
                 with
                 a
                 string
                 fastned
                 thereto
                 ,
                 that
                 you
                 may
                 draw
                 them
                 forth
                 when
                 you
                 please
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 smalness
                 of
                 the
                 holes
                 asoresaid
                 ,
                 the
                 Worms
                 can
                 crawl
                 out
                 but
                 very
                 leasurely
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 they
                 crawl
                 the
                 Fish
                 will
                 resort
                 about
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 would
                 bait
                 for
                 
                   Salmon
                   ,
                   Trout
                   ,
                   Umber
                
                 and
                 the
                 like
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 Stream
                 ,
                 then
                 take
                 some
                 blood
                 ,
                 and
                 therewith
                 incorporate
                 fine
                 Clay
                 ,
                 Barley
                 ,
                 and
                 Malt
                 ground
                 adding
                 thereto
                 some
                 Water
                 ;
                 make
                 all
                 in
                 a
                 Paste
                 with
                 Gum
                 of
                 lvy
                 ;
                 then
                 form
                 it
                 into
                 Cakes
                 ,
                 and
                 cast
                 them
                 into
                 the
                 stream
                 .
                 Some
                 will
                 knead
                 or
                 stick
                 Worms
                 therein
                 fast
                 by
                 the
                 head
                 .
                 If
                 you
                 find
                 your
                 bait
                 take
                 no
                 effect
                 in
                 the
                 attracting
                 of
                 the
                 Fish
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 then
                 conclude
                 some
                 Pike
                 or
                 Pearch
                 lurketh
                 thereabout
                 to
                 seize
                 his
                 Prey
                 ,
                 for
                 fear
                 of
                 which
                 the
                 Fish
                 dare
                 not
                 venture
                 thereabout
                 :
                 you
                 must
                 therefore
                 remove
                 these
                 obstructions
                 of
                 your
                 sport
                 ,
                 by
                 taking
                 your
                 Trowl
                 ;
                 and
                 let
                 your
                 Bait
                 be
                 either
                 Brandlings
                 or
                 Lob-worms
                 ;
                 or
                 you
                 may
                 use
                 Gentles
                 ,
                 or
                 Minows
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 will
                 greedily
                 snap
                 at
                 .
              
               
                 Keep
                 your
                 Rod
                 neither
                 to
                 dry
                 nor
                 to
                 moist
                 ,
                 lest
                 the
                 one
                 make
                 it
                 brittle
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 rotten
                 .
                 If
                 it
                 be
                 very
                 soultry
                 dry
                 Weather
                 ,
                 wet
                 your
                 Rod
                 a
                 little
                 before
                 you
                 Angle
                 :
                 and
                 having
                 struck
                 a
                 good
                 Fish
                 ,
                 keep
                 your
                 Rod
                 bent
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 will
                 hinder
                 him
                 from
                 running
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 the
                 Line
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 means
                 he
                 will
                 either
                 break
                 his
                 hold
                 or
                 the
                 Hook.
                 
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 would
                 know
                 what
                 Bait
                 the
                 Fish
                 loves
                 best
                 at
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 your
                 fishing
                 ,
                 having
                 taken
                 one
                 ,
                 slit
                 his
                 Gill
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 out
                 his
                 Stomach
                 ,
                 and
                 open
                 it
                 without
                 bruising
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 you
                 will
                 find
                 what
                 he
                 last
                 fed
                 on
                 and
                 had
                 a
                 fancy
                 to
                 ;
                 by
                 which
                 means
                 you
                 may
                 bait
                 your
                 Hook
                 accordingly
                 .
              
               
               
                 When
                 you
                 fish
                 ,
                 shelter
                 your self
                 under
                 some
                 Bush
                 or
                 Tree
                 ,
                 or
                 stand
                 so
                 far
                 from
                 the
                 brink
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 that
                 you
                 can
                 only
                 discern
                 your
                 Float
                 :
                 for
                 Fish
                 are
                 timorous
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 affrighted
                 at
                 the
                 least
                 sight
                 or
                 motion
                 .
                 The
                 best
                 way
                 of
                 Angling
                 with
                 the
                 Fly
                 is
                 down
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 up
                 ,
                 as
                 you
                 will
                 find
                 by
                 experience
                 .
              
               
                 You
                 never
                 need
                 make
                 above
                 half
                 a
                 dozen
                 trials
                 in
                 one
                 place
                 ,
                 either
                 with
                 Fly
                 or
                 Ground-bait
                 ,
                 when
                 you
                 angle
                 for
                 Trout
                 ;
                 for
                 by
                 that
                 time
                 he
                 will
                 either
                 offer
                 to
                 take
                 ,
                 or
                 refuse
                 the
                 Bait
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 stir
                 at
                 all
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 will
                 have
                 Fish
                 bite
                 eagerly
                 and
                 freely
                 ,
                 and
                 without
                 suspition
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 present
                 them
                 with
                 such
                 Baits
                 as
                 naturally
                 they
                 are
                 inclined
                 to
                 ,
                 annd
                 in
                 such
                 manner
                 ar
                 they
                 are
                 accustomed
                 to
                 receive
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 use
                 Pastes
                 for
                 Baits
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 add
                 Flax
                 or
                 Wool
                 ,
                 mix
                 a
                 little
                 Butter
                 therewith
                 and
                 that
                 will
                 preserve
                 the
                 Paste
                 srom
                 washing
                 off
                 your
                 Hook.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Eyes
                 of
                 such
                 Fishes
                 as
                 you
                 kill
                 ,
                 are
                 most
                 excellent
                 Baits
                 on
                 the
                 Hook
                 for
                 almost
                 any
                 sort
                 of
                 Fish.
                 
              
               
                 Lastly
                 ,
                 make
                 not
                 this
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 Recreation
                 your
                 dayly
                 practice
                 ,
                 lest
                 your
                 immoderate
                 Exercise
                 therein
                 bring
                 a
                 Plague
                 upon
                 you
                 rather
                 than
                 a
                 pleasure
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Astrological
                 Elections
                 for
                 Angling
                 in
                 general
                 .
              
               
                 IF
                 as
                 the
                 Wise
                 man
                 saith
                 ,
                 (
                 and
                 I
                 think
                 there
                 is
                 none
                 that
                 dare
                 question
                 his
                 Authority
                 )
                 that
                 
                   There
                   is
                   a
                   proper
                   time
                   and
                   season
                   for
                   every
                   action
                   under
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                
                 I
                 hope
                 it
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 offensive
                 nor
                 impertinent
                 to
                 show
                 what
                 time
                 and
                 seasons
                 the
                 intelligent
                 Angler
                 ought
                 to
                 make
                 choice
                 of
                 ,
                 that
                 may
                 answer
                 his
                 expectation
                 .
                 For
                 my
                 own
                 part
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 so
                 often
                 experimented
                 the
                 truth
                 of
                 these
                 Rules
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 my
                 good
                 will
                 I
                 would
                 
                 never
                 :
                 Angle
                 but
                 at
                 an
                 elected
                 time
                 :
                 the
                 ingenious
                 will
                 not
                 despise
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 others
                 they
                 were
                 not
                 intended
                 :
                 And
                 they
                 are
                 these
                 ;
              
               
                 
                   If
                   you
                   would
                   Neptune's
                   scaly
                   Subjects
                   get
                   ,
                
                 
                   Nights
                   horned
                   Queen
                   in
                   the
                   Midheaven
                   set
                   :
                   ☽
                
                 
                   Thence
                   let
                   her
                   on
                   the
                   Paphian
                   Goddess
                   shine
                   ♀
                
                 
                   I
                   th'West
                   ,
                   and
                   greet
                   her
                   with
                   a
                   friendly
                   Trine
                   .
                
                 
                   Be
                   sure
                   you
                   always
                   fortify
                   the
                   East
                   ;
                
                 
                   And
                   let
                   the
                   Maiden-Star
                   possess
                   the
                   West
                   :
                   ♏
                
                 
                   However
                   let
                   some
                   Aquatick
                   Sign
                   ascend
                   ,
                   ♋
                   .
                   ♍
                   .
                   ♓
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   let
                   all
                   power
                   his
                   happy
                   Lord
                   attend
                   .
                
                 
                   Then
                   see
                   the
                   setting
                   Constellation
                   be
                
                 
                   Afflicted
                   by
                   some
                   hateful
                   Enemy
                   ,
                   ♂
                
                 
                   At
                   least
                   his
                   Lord
                   ,
                   the
                   sixth
                   with
                   strength
                   defend
                   ;
                
                 
                   Let
                   active
                   power
                   his
                   Radiant
                   Lord
                   attend
                   .
                
                 
                   Then
                   may
                   you
                   boldly
                   venture
                   to
                   the
                   Flood
                   ,
                
                 
                   And
                   take
                   from
                   thence
                   what
                   Fishes
                   you
                   see
                   good
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 What
                 provision
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 made
                 for
                 Angling-Tools
                 .
              
               
                 THE
                 time
                 of
                 providing
                 Stocks
                 is
                 in
                 the
                 Winter-Solstice
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Trees
                 have
                 shed
                 their
                 Leaves
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Sap
                 is
                 in
                 the
                 Roots
                 :
                 For
                 after
                 January
                 it
                 ascends
                 again
                 into
                 the
                 Trunk
                 and
                 Branches
                 ,
                 at
                 which
                 time
                 it
                 is
                 improper
                 to
                 gather
                 Stocks
                 or
                 Tops
                 .
              
               
                 Let
                 your
                 Stocks
                 be
                 taper-grown
                 ,
                 and
                 your
                 Tops
                 the
                 best
                 Rush-ground-shoots
                 you
                 can
                 get
                 ,
                 not
                 knotty
                 ,
                 but
                 proportionable
                 aud
                 slender
                 ;
                 otherwise
                 they
                 will
                 neither
                 cast
                 nor
                 strike
                 well
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 their
                 unpliableness
                 your
                 Line
                 will
                 be
                 much
                 endanger'd
                 .
              
               
                 Having
                 gathered
                 your
                 Stocks
                 and
                 Tops
                 all
                 in
                 one
                 season
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 as
                 straight
                 as
                 you
                 can
                 ,
                 bathe
                 them
                 ,
                 saving
                 the
                 Tops
                 ,
                 over
                 a
                 gentle
                 fire
                 ,
                 and
                 use
                 them
                 not
                 till
                 fully
                 seasoned
                 ,
                 till
                 about
                 a
                 year
                 and
                 four
                 months
                 :
                 they
                 are
                 better
                 if
                 kept
                 two
                 years
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 to
                 preserve
                 these
                 Stocks
                 or
                 Tops
                 from
                 rotting
                 ,
                 or
                 worm-eating
                 ,
                 rub
                 them
                 over
                 thrice
                 a
                 year
                 with
                 Sallet
                 or
                 Linseed-oyl
                 ;
                 sweet
                 Butter
                 will
                 serve
                 ,
                 if
                 never
                 salted
                 ;
                 and
                 with
                 any
                 of
                 these
                 you
                 must
                 chafe
                 well
                 your
                 Rods
                 :
                 if
                 bored
                 ,
                 pour
                 in
                 either
                 of
                 the
                 Oyls
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 them
                 bathe
                 therein
                 twenty
                 sour
                 hours
                 ,
                 then
                 pour
                 it
                 out
                 again
                 ;
                 and
                 this
                 will
                 preserve
                 your
                 I
                 ops
                 and
                 Stocks
                 from
                 injury
              
               
                 How
                 to
                 joyn
                 the
                 Stock
                 or
                 Top
                 together
                 ,
                 or
                 how
                 to
                 make
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Rods
                 for
                 Fly
                 ,
                 Ground
                 ,
                 or
                 otherwise
                 ,
                 with
                 what
                 lengths
                 are
                 best
                 for
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 Fishing
                 ,
                 I
                 need
                 not
                 here
                 relate
                 ;
                 since
                 without
                 putting
                 your self
                 to
                 the
                 trouble
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 purchase
                 them
                 of
                 such
                 as
                 sell
                 them
                 at
                 no
                 dear
                 rates
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 How
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 Line
                 after
                 the
                 best
                 manner
                 .
              
               
                 LET
                 your
                 Hair
                 be
                 round
                 ,
                 and
                 twist
                 it
                 even
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 strengthens
                 the
                 Line
                 ;
                 and
                 let
                 your
                 Hair
                 ,
                 as
                 near
                 as
                 you
                 can
                 ,
                 be
                 of
                 an
                 equal
                 bigness
                 :
                 then
                 lay
                 them
                 in
                 Water
                 for
                 a
                 quarter
                 of
                 an
                 hour
                 ,
                 bv
                 which
                 means
                 you
                 will
                 find
                 which
                 of
                 the
                 Hairs
                 do
                 shrink
                 ;
                 than
                 twist
                 them
                 over
                 again
                 .
              
               
                 Some
                 intermingle
                 Silk
                 in
                 the
                 twisting
                 ,
                 but
                 I
                 cannot
                 approve
                 of
                 it
                 ;
                 but
                 a
                 Line
                 of
                 all
                 Silk
                 is
                 not
                 amiss
                 ;
                 also
                 a
                 Line
                 made
                 of
                 the
                 smallest
                 Lute-string
                 is
                 very
                 good
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 it
                 will
                 soon
                 rot
                 by
                 the
                 Water
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 best
                 colour
                 for
                 Lines
                 is
                 the
                 sorrel
                 ,
                 white
                 ,
                 and
                 grey
                 ;
                 the
                 two
                 last
                 for
                 clear
                 waters
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 grey
                 for
                 muddy
                 Rivers
                 :
                 neither
                 is
                 the
                 pale
                 wacry
                 green
                 to
                 be
                 contemned
                 ,
                 which
                 colour
                 you
                 may
                 make
                 after
                 this
                 manner
                 .
              
               
               
                 Take
                 a
                 pint
                 of
                 strong
                 Ale
                 ,
                 half
                 a
                 pound
                 of
                 Soot
                 ,
                 a
                 small
                 quantity
                 of
                 the
                 juice
                 of
                 Walnut-leaves
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 like
                 quantity
                 of
                 Alum
                 ;
                 put
                 these
                 into
                 a
                 Pipkin
                 ,
                 and
                 boil
                 them
                 together
                 about
                 half
                 an
                 hour
                 :
                 Having
                 so
                 done
                 ,
                 take
                 it
                 off
                 the
                 fire
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 it
                 is
                 cold
                 put
                 in
                 your
                 Hair.
                 Or
                 thus
                 :
              
               
                 Take
                 a
                 pottle
                 of
                 Alum-water
                 ,
                 somewhat
                 more
                 than
                 a
                 handful
                 of
                 Marigold-flowers
                 ,
                 boil
                 them
                 till
                 a
                 yellow
                 scum
                 arise
                 ;
                 then
                 take
                 half
                 a
                 pound
                 of
                 green
                 Copperas
                 ,
                 with
                 as
                 much
                 Verdegreece
                 ,
                 and
                 beat
                 them
                 together
                 to
                 a
                 fine
                 powder
                 :
                 put
                 these
                 with
                 the
                 Hair
                 into
                 the
                 Alum-Water
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 it
                 lie
                 ten
                 hours
                 or
                 more
                 ;
                 then
                 take
                 the
                 Hair
                 out
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 it
                 dry
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 making
                 your
                 Line
                 leave
                 a
                 Bought
                 at
                 both
                 ends
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 to
                 put
                 it
                 to
                 and
                 take
                 it
                 srom
                 the
                 Rod
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 to
                 hang
                 your
                 lowest
                 link
                 upon
                 to
                 which
                 your
                 Hook
                 is
                 fastned
                 ;
                 and
                 so
                 you
                 may
                 change
                 your
                 Hook
                 as
                 often
                 as
                 you
                 please
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 
                   Hook
                   ,
                   Flote
                
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 things
                 worth
                 the
                 Observation
                 .
              
               
                 YOur
                 Hook
                 ought
                 to
                 be
                 long
                 in
                 the
                 shank
                 ,
                 somewhat
                 round
                 in
                 its
                 circumference
                 ,
                 the
                 point
                 standing
                 even
                 and
                 straight
                 ;
                 and
                 let
                 the
                 bending
                 be
                 in
                 the
                 shank
                 .
              
               
                 Use
                 strong
                 ,
                 but
                 small
                 Silk
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 setting
                 on
                 of
                 your
                 Hook
                 ,
                 laying
                 the
                 Hair
                 on
                 the
                 inside
                 of
                 your
                 Hook
                 :
                 for
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 on
                 the
                 outside
                 ,
                 the
                 Silk
                 will
                 fret
                 and
                 cut
                 it
                 a
                 sunder
                 .
              
               
                 As
                 for
                 the
                 Flotes
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 divers
                 way
                 of
                 making
                 them
                 :
                 Some
                 use
                 your
                 Muscovy-Duck-quills
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 the
                 best
                 for
                 still
                 Waters
                 ;
                 but
                 for
                 strong
                 streams
                 take
                 good
                 sound
                 Cork
                 without
                 flaws
                 or
                 holes
                 ,
                 and
                 bore
                 it
                 through
                 with
                 a
                 hot
                 Iron
                 ;
                 then
                 put
                 into
                 it
                 a
                 
                 Quill
                 of
                 a
                 fit
                 proportion
                 ;
                 then
                 pare
                 your
                 Cork
                 into
                 a
                 Pyramidal
                 form
                 of
                 what
                 bigness
                 you
                 think
                 fit
                 ;
                 after
                 this
                 grind
                 it
                 smooth
                 .
              
               
                 To
                 plum
                 your
                 Ground
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 carry
                 with
                 you
                 a
                 Musquet-bullet
                 with
                 a
                 hole
                 made
                 through
                 it
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 sort
                 of
                 Plummet
                 ,
                 tying
                 this
                 to
                 a
                 strong
                 twist
                 ,
                 hang
                 it
                 on
                 your
                 Hook
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 you
                 will
                 find
                 the
                 depth
                 of
                 the
                 Water
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 that
                 you
                 may
                 not
                 incommode
                 your
                 Tackle
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 very
                 requisite
                 to
                 make
                 several
                 partitions
                 in
                 pieces
                 of
                 Parchment
                 sowed
                 together
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 each
                 Utensil
                 may
                 have
                 a
                 place
                 by
                 it self
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 any
                 wise
                 forget
                 not
                 to
                 carry
                 a
                 little
                 Whetstone
                 with
                 you
                 to
                 sharpen
                 your
                 Hooks
                 if
                 you
                 find
                 them
                 blunt
                 and
                 dull
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 need
                 not
                 advise
                 you
                 how
                 to
                 carry
                 your
                 BOB
                 and
                 PALMER
                 ,
                 or
                 put
                 you
                 in
                 mind
                 of
                 having
                 several
                 Boxes
                 of
                 divers
                 sizes
                 for
                 your
                 Hooks
                 ,
                 Corks
                 ,
                 Silk
                 ,
                 Thread
                 ,
                 Lead
                 ,
                 Flies
                 ,
                 &c.
                 or
                 admonish
                 you
                 not
                 to
                 forget
                 your
                 Linnen
                 and
                 Wollen
                 Bags
                 for
                 all
                 sorts
                 os
                 Baits
                 ;
                 but
                 let
                 me
                 forwarn
                 you
                 not
                 to
                 have
                 a
                 PAUNDER
                 that
                 is
                 heavy
                 ,
                 for
                 it
                 can
                 never
                 be
                 light
                 enough
                 :
                 those
                 which
                 are
                 made
                 of
                 Osiers
                 I
                 think
                 are
                 the
                 best
                 .
              
               
                 Lastly
                 ,
                 forget
                 not
                 carry
                 with
                 you
                 a
                 small
                 Pole
                 with
                 a
                 Loop
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 thereof
                 ,
                 to
                 which
                 you
                 may
                 fasten
                 a
                 small
                 Net
                 to
                 land
                 great
                 Fish
                 withal
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 another
                 way
                 much
                 better
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 by
                 the
                 Landing-hook
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 a
                 Screw
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 it
                 to
                 screw
                 it
                 into
                 the
                 Socket
                 of
                 a
                 Pole
                 :
                 to
                 which
                 Socket
                 may
                 be
                 fitted
                 also
                 two
                 other
                 Hooks
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 to
                 pull
                 out
                 Wood
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 sharp
                 to
                 our
                 away
                 Weeds
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 Of
                 Flies
                 Natural
                 and
                 Artificial
                 ,
                 and
                 how
                 to
                 use
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 
                   NAtural
                   Flies
                
                 are
                 innumerable
                 ,
                 there
                 being
                 as
                 many
                 kinds
                 as
                 there
                 are
                 different
                 sorts
                 of
                 Fruits
                 :
                 to
                 avoid
                 prolixity
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 onely
                 name
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 viz.
                 the
                 Dun-fly
                 ,
                 the
                 Stone
                 or
                 May-fly
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Red
                   Fly
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Moor-fly
                 ,
                 the
                 Tawny-fly
                 ,
                 the
                 Shel-fly
                 ,
                 the
                 Cloudy
                 or
                 Blackish-fly
                 ,
                 the
                 Flag-fly
                 ,
                 the
                 Vine-fly
                 ;
                 also
                 
                   Caterpillers
                   ,
                   Canker-flies
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Bear-flies
                 ,
                 with
                 Thousands
                 more
                 which
                 frequent
                 Meadows
                 and
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 contemplation
                 of
                 all
                 ,
                 but
                 particularly
                 the
                 recreation
                 of
                 Anglers
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 come
                 in
                 sooner
                 or
                 later
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 season
                 of
                 the
                 year
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 sooner
                 ,
                 or
                 later
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 forwardness
                 or
                 backwardness
                 of
                 the
                 Spring
                 ;
                 for
                 Flies
                 being
                 bred
                 of
                 Putrefaction
                 ,
                 commence
                 their
                 being
                 according
                 as
                 the
                 Heat
                 doth
                 further
                 their
                 seminal
                 vertue
                 unto
                 animation
              
               
                 I
                 cannot
                 prescribe
                 you
                 Rules
                 to
                 know
                 when
                 each
                 Fly
                 cometh
                 in
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 most
                 grateful
                 to
                 every
                 sort
                 of
                 Fish
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 I
                 shall
                 leave
                 the
                 knowledge
                 hereof
                 to
                 your
                 own
                 observation
                 .
              
               
                 Moreover
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 Flies
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 several
                 natures
                 of
                 divers
                 Soils
                 and
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 or
                 diversity
                 of
                 Plants
                 ;
                 yet
                 some
                 there
                 are
                 common
                 to
                 all
                 ,
                 although
                 but
                 few
                 .
              
               
                 All
                 Flies
                 are
                 very
                 good
                 in
                 their
                 seasons
                 for
                 such
                 Fish
                 as
                 rise
                 at
                 the
                 Fly
                 ;
                 but
                 some
                 more
                 peculiarly
                 good
                 ,
                 as
                 being
                 better
                 beloved
                 by
                 some
                 sort
                 of
                 fish
                 .
              
               
                 Fish
                 generally
                 rise
                 at
                 these
                 Flies
                 most
                 eagerly
                 when
                 most
                 sorts
                 of
                 Flies
                 resort
                 to
                 the
                 Water-side
                 ,
                 hanging
                 in
                 a
                 manner
                 in
                 clusters
                 on
                 Trees
                 and
                 Bushes
                 ,
                 delighting
                 themselves
                 to
                 skip
                 thence
                 and
                 play
                 upon
                 
                 the
                 water
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 do
                 the
                 fish
                 shew
                 their
                 craft
                 in
                 catching
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 To
                 the
                 intent
                 you
                 may
                 the
                 better
                 know
                 what
                 kind
                 of
                 Fly
                 the
                 Fish
                 then
                 most
                 covet
                 ,
                 observe
                 thus
                 to
                 do
                 ;
                 coming
                 in
                 the
                 Morning
                 to
                 the
                 River-side
                 ,
                 beat
                 the
                 Bushes
                 with
                 your
                 Rod
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 up
                 what
                 variety
                 you
                 may
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Flies
                 ,
                 and
                 try
                 them
                 all
                 ;
                 by
                 which
                 means
                 you
                 will
                 quickly
                 know
                 which
                 are
                 in
                 greatest
                 estimation
                 among
                 them
                 .
                 Not
                 but
                 that
                 they
                 will
                 change
                 their
                 Fly
                 sometimes
                 ,
                 but
                 then
                 it
                 is
                 when
                 they
                 have
                 glutted
                 themselves
                 there
                 with
                 for
                 five
                 or
                 six
                 days
                 together
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 commonly
                 upon
                 the
                 going
                 out
                 of
                 that
                 Fly
                 :
                 for
                 Fish
                 never
                 covet
                 that
                 Fly
                 more
                 than
                 when
                 there
                 is
                 greatest
                 plenty
                 ,
                 contemning
                 them
                 at
                 their
                 first
                 coming
                 in
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 are
                 two
                 ways
                 to
                 fish
                 with
                 these
                 natural
                 Flies
                 ;
                 either
                 on
                 the
                 surface
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 little
                 underneath
                 it
                 .
                 Now
                 when
                 you
                 angle
                 for
                 
                   Chevin
                   ,
                   Roach
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Dace
                 with
                 the
                 natural
                 Fly
                 ,
                 move
                 it
                 not
                 swiftly
                 when
                 you
                 see
                 the
                 Fish
                 make
                 at
                 it
                 ,
                 but
                 rather
                 let
                 it
                 glide
                 spontaneously
                 towards
                 it
                 with
                 the
                 Stream
                 :
                 If
                 it
                 be
                 in
                 a
                 still
                 and
                 slow
                 water
                 ,
                 draw
                 the
                 Fly
                 slowly
                 sideways
                 by
                 him
                 ,
                 that
                 will
                 make
                 him
                 eager
                 in
                 pursuit
                 of
                 it
                 ;
                 whereas
                 if
                 you
                 should
                 move
                 it
                 swiftly
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 not
                 follow
                 it
                 ,
                 being
                 a
                 lazy
                 fish
                 and
                 slow
                 of
                 motion
                 .
                 These
                 fish
                 delight
                 to
                 shew
                 themselves
                 in
                 a
                 Sun-shiny-day
                 almost
                 on
                 the
                 very
                 surface
                 of
                 the
                 Water
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 means
                 you
                 may
                 pick
                 and
                 choose
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Artificial
                   Fly
                
                 is
                 seldome
                 used
                 but
                 in
                 blustering
                 weather
                 ,
                 when
                 by
                 the
                 Winds
                 the
                 Waters
                 are
                 so
                 troubled
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Natural
                 Fly
                 cannot
                 be
                 seen
                 ,
                 nor
                 rest
                 upon
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 are
                 (
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 opinion
                 of
                 Mr.
                 Walton
                 ,
                 a
                 very
                 ingenious
                 man
                 ,
                 and
                 an
                 excellent
                 Angler
                 )
                 twelve
                 sorts
                 of
                 Artificial
                 Flies
                 to
                 angle
                 with
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Water
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 these
                 are
                 the
                 principal
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 first
                 is
                 (
                 to
                 use
                 his
                 own
                 words
                 )
                 the
                 Dun-fly
                 ,
                 in
                 March
                 ,
                 made
                 of
                 dun
                 Wool
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Feathers
                 of
                 a
                 Partridge's
                 Wing
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 second
                 is
                 a
                 Dun-fly
                 too
                 ,
                 and
                 made
                 of
                 black
                 Wool
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Feathers
                 of
                 a
                 black
                 Drake
                 ;
                 the
                 Body
                 made
                 of
                 the
                 first
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Wings
                 of
                 the
                 latter
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 third
                 is
                 the
                 Stone-fly
                 ,
                 in
                 April
                 ;
                 the
                 Body
                 is
                 made
                 of
                 black
                 Wool
                 made
                 yellow
                 under
                 the
                 Wings
                 and
                 Tail.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 fourth
                 is
                 the
                 Ruddy-fly
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 May
                 ;
                 the
                 Body
                 being
                 made
                 of
                 red
                 Wool
                 ,
                 and
                 bound
                 about
                 with
                 black
                 Silk
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Feathers
                 of
                 a
                 red
                 Capon
                 ,
                 which
                 hang
                 dangling
                 on
                 his
                 sides
                 next
                 his
                 Tail.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 fifth
                 is
                 the
                 Yellow
                 or
                 
                   Greenish
                   Fly
                
                 ,
                 in
                 June
                 ;
                 the
                 Body
                 is
                 made
                 of
                 black
                 Wool
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 yellow
                 List
                 on
                 either
                 side
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Wings
                 taken
                 off
                 the
                 Wings
                 of
                 a
                 Buzzard
                 ,
                 bound
                 with
                 black
                 braked
                 Hemp.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 sixth
                 is
                 the
                 Moorish-fly
                 ;
                 the
                 Body
                 made
                 of
                 duskish
                 Wool
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Wings
                 made
                 of
                 the
                 blackish
                 Mail
                 of
                 the
                 Drake
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 seventh
                 is
                 the
                 Tawny-fly
                 ,
                 good
                 until
                 the
                 middle
                 of
                 June
                 ;
                 the
                 Body
                 made
                 of
                 tawny
                 Wool
                 ,
                 the
                 Wings
                 made
                 contrary
                 one
                 against
                 another
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 whitish
                 Mail
                 of
                 the
                 white
                 Drake
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 eighth
                 is
                 the
                 Wasp-fly
                 ,
                 in
                 July
                 ;
                 the
                 Body
                 made
                 of
                 black
                 Wool
                 lapt
                 about
                 with
                 yellow
                 Silk
                 ,
                 the
                 Wings
                 made
                 of
                 Drake-feathers
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 ninth
                 is
                 the
                 Shel-fly
                 ,
                 good
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 of
                 July
                 ;
                 the
                 Body
                 made
                 of
                 greenish
                 Wool
                 lapt
                 about
                 wirh
                 the
                 Herle
                 of
                 a
                 Peacock's
                 Tail
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Wings
                 made
                 of
                 Buzzards
                 Wings
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 tenth
                 and
                 last
                 is
                 the
                 Drake-fly
                 ,
                 good
                 in
                 August
                 ;
                 the
                 Body
                 made
                 of
                 black
                 Wool
                 lapt
                 about
                 with
                 black
                 Silk
                 ,
                 his
                 Wings
                 of
                 the
                 Mail
                 of
                 the
                 black
                 Drake
                 with
                 a
                 black
                 head
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 then
                 having
                 named
                 two
                 more
                 ,
                 he
                 concludes
                 wittily
                 ,
                 
                 
                   Thus
                   have
                   you
                   a
                   Jury
                   of
                   Flies
                   ,
                   likely
                   to
                   betray
                   and
                   condemn
                   all
                   the
                
                 Trouts
                 
                   in
                   the
                   River
                
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 in
                 my
                 opinion
                 seems
                 a
                 tedious
                 and
                 difficult
                 way
                 .
                 I
                 should
                 rather
                 think
                 it
                 better
                 to
                 find
                 the
                 Fly
                 proper
                 for
                 every
                 season
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 which
                 the
                 Fish
                 at
                 that
                 time
                 most
                 eagerly
                 covet
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 one
                 as
                 like
                 it
                 as
                 possibly
                 you
                 may
                 ,
                 in
                 colour
                 ,
                 shape
                 ,
                 and
                 proportion
                 ;
                 and
                 for
                 your
                 better
                 imitation
                 lay
                 the
                 natural
                 Fly
                 before
                 you
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 are
                 several
                 ways
                 of
                 making
                 these
                 artificial
                 Flies
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 shall
                 forbear
                 here
                 to
                 relate
                 ,
                 thinking
                 it
                 more
                 proper
                 to
                 leave
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 ingenuity
                 of
                 every
                 particular
                 person
                 ,
                 which
                 will
                 be
                 very
                 much
                 help'd
                 by
                 seeing
                 and
                 observing
                 the
                 Artist's
                 method
                 in
                 their
                 composition
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 best
                 Observations
                 I
                 can
                 collect
                 for
                 artificial
                 Fly-fishing
                 ,
                 are
                 these
                 :
              
               
                 First
                 ,
                 Observe
                 to
                 fish
                 in
                 a
                 River
                 somewhat
                 disturbed
                 by
                 Rain
                 ,
                 or
                 in
                 a
                 cloudy
                 day
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Waters
                 are
                 moved
                 by
                 a
                 gentle
                 breez
                 :
                 the
                 South-wind
                 is
                 best
                 ,
                 the
                 West
                 indifferent
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 East
                 is
                 stark
                 naught
                 .
                 But
                 as
                 to
                 this
                 I
                 give
                 not
                 much
                 credit
                 ;
                 for
                 let
                 the
                 Sky
                 be
                 cloudy
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Season
                 not
                 too
                 cold
                 ,
                 I
                 'le
                 bid
                 defiance
                 to
                 any
                 Wind
                 that
                 blows
                 not
                 too
                 hard
                 .
                 If
                 it
                 blow
                 high
                 ,
                 yet
                 not
                 so
                 high
                 but
                 that
                 you
                 may
                 conveniently
                 guide
                 your
                 Tackle
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 rise
                 in
                 plain
                 Deeps
                 ,
                 where
                 you
                 shall
                 kill
                 the
                 best
                 Fish
                 :
                 but
                 if
                 the
                 Wind
                 be
                 small
                 ,
                 then
                 is
                 the
                 best
                 angling
                 in
                 swift
                 Screams
                 ;
                 and
                 be
                 sure
                 to
                 keep
                 your
                 Fly
                 in
                 continual
                 motion
                 .
              
               
                 Secondly
                 ,
                 Keep
                 as
                 far
                 from
                 the
                 Water-side
                 as
                 you
                 can
                 ,
                 whether
                 you
                 fish
                 with
                 a
                 Fly
                 or
                 Worm
                 ;
                 and
                 fish
                 down
                 rhe
                 Stream
                 ,
                 having
                 the
                 Sun
                 on
                 your
                 back
                 ,
                 not
                 suffering
                 your
                 Line
                 to
                 touch
                 the
                 Water
                 but
                 your
                 Fly
                 onely
                 .
                 Here
                 note
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 light
                 Fly
                 makes
                 most
                 sport
                 in
                 a
                 dark
                 night
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 darkest
                 or
                 least
                 Fly
                 in
                 a
                 clear
                 dry
                 .
              
               
               
                 Thirdly
                 ,
                 In
                 clear
                 Rivers
                 ever
                 Angle
                 with
                 a
                 small
                 Fly
                 with
                 slender
                 Wings
                 ;
                 but
                 in
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 muddied
                 by
                 Rain
                 ,
                 use
                 a
                 Fly
                 that
                 is
                 larger
                 bodied
                 than
                 ordinary
                 .
              
               
                 Fourthly
                 ,
                 When
                 the
                 water
                 beginneth
                 to
                 clear
                 after
                 Rain
                 ,
                 and
                 becomes
                 brownish
                 ,
                 then
                 use
                 a
                 Red
                 or
                 Orange
                 Fly
                 ;
                 if
                 the
                 day
                 be
                 clear
                 ,
                 a
                 light-coloured
                 Fly
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 dark
                 Fly
                 for
                 dark
                 Waters
                 ;
                 if
                 the
                 Water
                 be
                 of
                 a
                 wheyish
                 complexion
                 ,
                 then
                 use
                 a
                 black
                 or
                 brown
                 Fly.
                 I
                 will
                 not
                 say
                 these
                 Directions
                 or
                 Rules
                 are
                 without
                 exceptions
                 .
              
               
                 Fifthly
                 ,
                 Let
                 your
                 Line
                 for
                 Fly-fishing
                 be
                 twice
                 as
                 long
                 as
                 your
                 Rod
                 ,
                 unless
                 the
                 River
                 be
                 cumbred
                 with
                 Wood.
                 
              
               
                 Sixthly
                 ,
                 For
                 every
                 sort
                 of
                 Fly
                 ,
                 have
                 several
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 differing
                 in
                 colour
                 ,
                 to
                 sute
                 with
                 the
                 different
                 complexions
                 of
                 several
                 waters
                 and
                 weathers
                 .
              
               
                 Seventhly
                 ,
                 You
                 must
                 have
                 a
                 nimble
                 eye
                 ,
                 and
                 an
                 active
                 hand
                 to
                 strike
                 presently
                 with
                 the
                 rising
                 of
                 the
                 fish
                 ,
                 or
                 else
                 he
                 will
                 be
                 apt
                 to
                 spew
                 out
                 the
                 Hook
                 ,
                 finding
                 his
                 mistake
                 .
              
               
                 Eighthly
                 ,
                 Let
                 your
                 Fly
                 fall
                 first
                 into
                 the
                 Water
                 ;
                 for
                 if
                 your
                 Line
                 fall
                 first
                 ,
                 it
                 scares
                 the
                 fish
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 you
                 must
                 draw
                 again
                 and
                 cast
                 .
              
               
                 Ninthly
                 ,
                 When
                 you
                 angle
                 in
                 slow
                 Rivers
                 or
                 still
                 places
                 with
                 your
                 Artificial
                 Fly
                 ,
                 cast
                 it
                 over
                 cross
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 it
                 sink
                 a
                 little
                 in
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 draw
                 it
                 gently
                 back
                 again
                 ,
                 so
                 as
                 you
                 raise
                 no
                 Circles
                 ,
                 nor
                 break
                 the
                 Water
                 ;
                 and
                 let
                 the
                 Fly
                 float
                 gently
                 with
                 the
                 Current
                 ,
                 and
                 hereby
                 you
                 will
                 find
                 excellent
                 sport
                 .
              
               
                 Lastly
                 ,
                 Take
                 notice
                 that
                 your
                 Salmon-flies
                 must
                 be
                 made
                 with
                 their
                 Wings
                 standing
                 one
                 behind
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 whether
                 two
                 or
                 four
                 ,
                 He
                 delights
                 in
                 the
                 finest
                 gawdiest
                 colours
                 you
                 can
                 choose
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Wings
                 chiefly
                 ,
                 which
                 must
                 be
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 must
                 the
                 Tail.
                 
              
            
             
               
               
                 Of
                 Ground
                 Angling
                 .
              
               
                 IF
                 you
                 fish
                 under
                 the
                 Water
                 for
                 a
                 Trout
                 ,
                 it
                 must
                 be
                 without
                 a
                 Float
                 ,
                 onely
                 with
                 a
                 Plumb
                 of
                 Lead
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Bullet
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 better
                 ,
                 because
                 it
                 will
                 fowl
                 on
                 the
                 ground
                 .
                 And
                 this
                 way
                 of
                 fishing
                 is
                 very
                 good
                 in
                 cold
                 weather
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Fish
                 swim
                 very
                 low
                 :
                 you
                 must
                 place
                 this
                 Bullet
                 about
                 nine
                 Inches
                 from
                 the
                 baited
                 Hook
                 ;
                 your
                 Top
                 must
                 be
                 very
                 gentle
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Fish
                 may
                 more
                 easily
                 run
                 away
                 with
                 the
                 Bait
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 be
                 scared
                 with
                 the
                 stifness
                 of
                 the
                 Rod.
                 You
                 must
                 not
                 strike
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 you
                 feel
                 the
                 Fish
                 bite
                 ,
                 but
                 slack
                 your
                 Line
                 a
                 little
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 may
                 the
                 better
                 swallow
                 the
                 Bait
                 and
                 Hook.
                 When
                 you
                 strike
                 do
                 it
                 gently
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 least
                 matter
                 does
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 Let
                 your
                 Tackle
                 be
                 fine
                 and
                 slender
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 is
                 better
                 than
                 your
                 big
                 and
                 strong
                 Lines
                 ,
                 which
                 serve
                 onely
                 to
                 fright
                 the
                 Fish.
                 
              
               
                 You
                 will
                 find
                 it
                 a
                 better
                 way
                 of
                 Angling
                 to
                 do
                 it
                 without
                 Float
                 or
                 Lead
                 ,
                 onely
                 making
                 use
                 of
                 a
                 Garden-worm
                 ,
                 drawing
                 it
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 the
                 Stream
                 ;
                 by
                 which
                 you
                 will
                 take
                 more
                 Trouts
                 than
                 any
                 other
                 way
                 ,
                 especially
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 in
                 a
                 clear
                 day
                 .
                 The
                 Morning
                 and
                 Evening
                 are
                 the
                 chiefest
                 seasons
                 for
                 the
                 Ground-Line
                 for
                 Trout
                 :
                 but
                 if
                 the
                 day
                 prove
                 Cloudy
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 Water
                 muddy
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 Angle
                 at
                 Ground
                 all
                 the
                 day
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 Of
                 Night-Angling
                 .
              
               
                 GReat
                 Fish
                 (
                 especially
                 Trouts
                 )
                 are
                 like
                 Bucks
                 ,
                 wary
                 and
                 circumspect
                 in
                 their
                 self-preservation
                 ,
                 and
                 know
                 the
                 seasons
                 most
                 fit
                 for
                 them
                 to
                 feed
                 without
                 danger
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 the
                 Night
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 suppose
                 ,
                 thinking
                 then
                 they
                 may
                 most
                 securely
                 range
                 abroad
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 your
                 Night-angling
                 take
                 two
                 great
                 Garden-worms
                 of
                 an
                 equal
                 length
                 ,
                 and
                 place
                 them
                 on
                 your
                 Hook
                 ;
                 then
                 cast
                 them
                 a
                 good
                 distance
                 ,
                 and
                 draw
                 them
                 to
                 you
                 again
                 upon
                 the
                 superficies
                 of
                 the
                 Water
                 ,
                 not
                 suffering
                 them
                 to
                 sink
                 ;
                 to
                 which
                 end
                 you
                 must
                 not
                 use
                 a
                 Plummet
                 .
                 You
                 may
                 easily
                 hear
                 the
                 Fish
                 rise
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 give
                 him
                 some
                 time
                 to
                 swallow
                 your
                 Bait
                 ,
                 then
                 strike
                 him
                 gently
                 .
                 If
                 he
                 will
                 not
                 take
                 it
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 ,
                 sink
                 your
                 Bait
                 by
                 adding
                 some
                 Lead
                 ,
                 and
                 order
                 your self
                 as
                 at
                 Day-angling
                 on
                 the
                 Ground
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 have
                 frequently
                 experienced
                 it
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 best
                 Trouts
                 bite
                 in
                 the
                 Night
                 ,
                 rising
                 most
                 commonly
                 in
                 the
                 still
                 Deeps
                 ,
                 but
                 unusually
                 in
                 the
                 Streams
                 .
              
               
                 Instead
                 of
                 these
                 Garden-worms
                 you
                 may
                 use
                 a
                 black
                 Snail
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 Velvet
                 in
                 its
                 likeness
                 :
                 this
                 is
                 a
                 most
                 excellent
                 Night-bait
                 for
                 a
                 Trout
                 ,
                 and
                 nothing
                 like
                 the
                 black
                 Snail
                 for
                 a
                 Chub
                 in
                 the
                 Morning
                 early
                 .
              
               
                 You
                 may
                 bait
                 your
                 Hook
                 with
                 a
                 Minnow
                 for
                 a
                 Trout
                 thus
                 :
                 put
                 your
                 Hook
                 through
                 the
                 point
                 of
                 his
                 lower
                 Chap
                 ,
                 and
                 draw
                 it
                 through
                 ;
                 then
                 put
                 your
                 Hook
                 in
                 at
                 his
                 Mouth
                 ,
                 and
                 bring
                 the
                 point
                 to
                 his
                 Tail
                 ;
                 then
                 draw
                 your
                 Line
                 straight
                 ,
                 and
                 it
                 will
                 bring
                 him
                 into
                 a
                 round
                 compass
                 :
                 But
                 be
                 sure
                 you
                 so
                 order
                 his
                 Mouth
                 that
                 the
                 Water
                 get
                 not
                 in
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 What
                 times
                 are
                 seasonable
                 ,
                 and
                 what
                 unseasonable
                 to
                 Angle
                 in
                 .
              
               
                 CAlm
                 and
                 clear
                 weather
                 is
                 very
                 good
                 to
                 angle
                 in
                 ;
                 but
                 cool
                 cloudy
                 weather
                 in
                 Summer
                 is
                 best
                 ;
                 but
                 it
                 must
                 not
                 be
                 so
                 boisterously
                 windy
                 as
                 that
                 you
                 cannot
                 guide
                 your
                 Tackle
                 .
                 The
                 cooler
                 the
                 weather
                 is
                 in
                 hottest
                 Months
                 ,
                 the
                 better
                 it
                 is
                 :
                 and
                 if
                 a
                 sudden
                 violent
                 shour
                 hath
                 disturbed
                 and
                 muddied
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 then
                 is
                 your
                 time
                 to
                 angle
                 in
                 the
                 Stream
                 at
                 the
                 ground
                 with
                 a
                 red
                 Worm
                 .
              
               
                 Likewise
                 a
                 little
                 before
                 the
                 Fish
                 spawn
                 is
                 a
                 very
                 good
                 time
                 for
                 Angling
                 ;
                 for
                 then
                 their
                 Bellies
                 being
                 full
                 ,
                 they
                 come
                 into
                 sandy
                 Fords
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 rub
                 their
                 Bellies
                 to
                 loosen
                 them
                 ,
                 at
                 which
                 time
                 they
                 will
                 bite
                 very
                 freely
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 intend
                 to
                 fish
                 for
                 Carp
                 and
                 Tench
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 commence
                 your
                 sport
                 early
                 in
                 the
                 Morning
                 ,
                 fishing
                 from
                 Sun-rising
                 till
                 eight
                 of
                 the
                 Clock
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 four
                 in
                 the
                 Afternoon
                 till
                 Night
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 hot
                 Months
                 till
                 it
                 be
                 very
                 late
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 heat
                 of
                 Summer
                 Carps
                 will
                 shew
                 themselves
                 on
                 the
                 very
                 Rim
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 ;
                 at
                 which
                 time
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 fish
                 with
                 a
                 Lob-worm
                 as
                 you
                 do
                 with
                 a
                 Fly
                 natural
                 ,
                 you
                 will
                 have
                 excellent
                 sport
                 ,
                 especially
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 among
                 Reeds
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 
                   March
                   ,
                   April
                   ,
                   September
                
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 the
                 Winter
                 ,
                 (
                 in
                 which
                 season
                 Fish
                 swim
                 deep
                 very
                 near
                 the
                 Ground
                 )
                 I
                 say
                 ,
                 in
                 those
                 Months
                 it
                 is
                 best
                 fishing
                 in
                 a
                 clear
                 serene
                 warm
                 day
                 ,
                 for
                 then
                 they
                 bite
                 fastest
                 :
                 But
                 all
                 the
                 Summer-time
                 Mornings
                 ,
                 Evenings
                 ,
                 and
                 cool
                 cloudy
                 weather
                 are
                 the
                 best
                 times
                 for
                 Angling
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 note
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 experience
                 you
                 will
                 find
                 that
                 Fish
                 rise
                 best
                 at
                 the
                 Fly
                 after
                 a
                 shour
                 of
                 Rain
                 that
                 have
                 
                 onely
                 beaten
                 the
                 Gnats
                 and
                 Flies
                 into
                 the
                 River
                 without
                 muddying
                 them
                 .
                 The
                 proper
                 Moneths
                 and
                 times
                 of
                 the
                 day
                 for
                 the
                 Fly
                 ,
                 are
                 
                   March
                   ,
                   April
                   ,
                   May
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 June
                 ;
                 in
                 which
                 Months
                 let
                 your
                 times
                 be
                 in
                 the
                 Morning
                 about
                 nine
                 ,
                 and
                 between
                 three
                 and
                 four
                 in
                 the
                 Afternoon
                 .
                 A
                 warm
                 Evening
                 is
                 very
                 seasonable
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 Gnats
                 play
                 much
                 .
              
               
                 After
                 a
                 clear
                 Moon
                 shiny-night
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 day
                 succeeding
                 prove
                 cloudy
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 very
                 good
                 time
                 for
                 Angling
                 ;
                 for
                 ,
                 having
                 abstained
                 from
                 food
                 all
                 the
                 night
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 they
                 will
                 not
                 stir
                 for
                 fear
                 in
                 bright
                 nights
                 )
                 the
                 next
                 day
                 they
                 become
                 hungry
                 and
                 eager
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 gloominess
                 of
                 the
                 day
                 makes
                 them
                 bite
                 boldly
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 the
                 opening
                 of
                 Sluces
                 or
                 Mill-dams
                 go
                 along
                 with
                 the
                 course
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 will
                 find
                 Trouts
                 and
                 other
                 fish
                 will
                 then
                 come
                 out
                 to
                 seek
                 for
                 what
                 food
                 the
                 water
                 brings
                 down
                 with
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 Having
                 shewn
                 you
                 what
                 seasons
                 are
                 most
                 proper
                 and
                 profitable
                 to
                 Angle
                 in
                 ,
                 I
                 will
                 demonstrate
                 to
                 you
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 not
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 First
                 ,
                 In
                 the
                 extremity
                 of
                 Heat
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Earth
                 is
                 parched
                 with
                 Drought
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 little
                 sport
                 to
                 be
                 obtained
                 ,
                 especially
                 in
                 muddy
                 or
                 clear
                 shallow
                 Rivers
                 .
              
               
                 Secondly
                 ,
                 In
                 the
                 Winter
                 or
                 Spring-time
                 ,
                 when
                 there
                 happeneth
                 any
                 hoary
                 Frost
                 ,
                 then
                 will
                 not
                 the
                 fish
                 bite
                 kindly
                 all
                 that
                 day
                 ,
                 unless
                 it
                 be
                 in
                 the
                 Evening
                 ,
                 and
                 if
                 that
                 prove
                 serene
                 and
                 pleasant
                 :
                 but
                 it
                 is
                 not
                 convenient
                 to
                 fish
                 at
                 any
                 time
                 when
                 the
                 Wind
                 bloweth
                 so
                 high
                 that
                 you
                 cannot
                 manage
                 your
                 Tools
                 to
                 advantage
                 .
              
               
                 Thirdly
                 ,
                 Sheep-shearing
                 time
                 is
                 an
                 an
                 Enemy
                 to
                 the
                 Angler
                 ,
                 for
                 then
                 the
                 Fish
                 glut
                 themselves
                 with
                 what
                 is
                 washt
                 off
                 the
                 Sheep
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 scarcely
                 bite
                 till
                 that
                 season
                 be
                 over
                 .
                 Likewise
                 sharp
                 East
                 and
                 North
                 nipping-winds
                 do
                 very
                 much
                 prejudice
                 the
                 Anglers
                 Recreation
                 :
                 neither
                 is
                 it
                 good
                 to
                 fish
                 immediately
                 after
                 
                 Spawning-time
                 ;
                 for
                 at
                 that
                 time
                 their
                 appetite
                 is
                 much
                 abated
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 a
                 very
                 strange
                 thing
                 to
                 consider
                 the
                 natural
                 instinct
                 in
                 Fish
                 in
                 foreknowing
                 the
                 approach
                 of
                 a
                 showr
                 of
                 Rain
                 ;
                 for
                 I
                 have
                 tried
                 ,
                 that
                 upon
                 the
                 rise
                 of
                 a
                 Gloud
                 that
                 threatned
                 a
                 sudden
                 Showr
                 ,
                 they
                 would
                 not
                 bite
                 ;
                 from
                 which
                 observation
                 I
                 have
                 often
                 sav'd
                 my self
                 from
                 being
                 wet
                 to
                 the
                 Skin
                 .
              
               
                 Lastly
                 ,
                 If
                 the
                 preceding
                 night
                 prove
                 dark
                 and
                 cloudy
                 ,
                 the
                 succeeding
                 day
                 will
                 prove
                 ineffectual
                 for
                 fishing
                 ,
                 unless
                 for
                 small
                 fish
                 ;
                 for
                 at
                 such
                 times
                 the
                 great
                 ones
                 prey
                 abroad
                 for
                 the
                 lesser
                 ,
                 who
                 ,
                 by
                 instinct
                 knowing
                 the
                 danger
                 ,
                 hide
                 themselves
                 till
                 the
                 Morning
                 ;
                 and
                 having
                 fasted
                 all
                 night
                 become
                 then
                 very
                 hungry
                 ,
                 whilst
                 the
                 great
                 ones
                 having
                 gorg'd
                 themselves
                 lie
                 absconded
                 all
                 the
                 day
                 long
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 next
                 thing
                 we
                 shall
                 insist
                 on
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 way
                 of
                 taking
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 fish
                 (
                 as
                 they
                 are
                 here
                 alphabetically
                 set
                 down
                 )
                 with
                 several
                 proper
                 Baits
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 best
                 of
                 experiences
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 BARBEL
                 .
              
               
                 THE
                 Barbel
                 is
                 so
                 called
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 Barb
                 which
                 is
                 under
                 his
                 Nose
                 or
                 Chaps
                 .
                 He
                 is
                 a
                 leather-mouth'd-fish
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 such
                 a
                 one
                 as
                 will
                 not
                 break
                 his
                 hold
                 when
                 hook
                 d
                 ;
                 but
                 will
                 frequently
                 break
                 ,
                 if
                 big
                 ,
                 both
                 Rod
                 and
                 Line
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 swim
                 together
                 in
                 great
                 Shoals
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 at
                 worst
                 in
                 April
                 ,
                 though
                 not
                 very
                 good
                 at
                 any
                 time
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 places
                 where
                 he
                 loves
                 most
                 to
                 resort
                 ,
                 are
                 where
                 Weeds
                 grow
                 ,
                 or
                 in
                 a
                 gravelly
                 rising
                 ground
                 ,
                 wherein
                 he
                 will
                 dig
                 and
                 root
                 like
                 a
                 Hog
                 with
                 his
                 Nose
                 :
                 not
                 
                 but
                 that
                 he
                 frequents
                 the
                 strongest
                 swifts
                 of
                 water
                 sometimes
                 ,
                 as
                 deep
                 Bridges
                 or
                 Wears
                 ,
                 where
                 he
                 will
                 so
                 settle
                 himself
                 among
                 the
                 Piles
                 and
                 hollow
                 places
                 ,
                 or
                 amongst
                 Moss
                 or
                 Weeds
                 ,
                 that
                 let
                 the
                 Water
                 be
                 never
                 so
                 swift
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 remain
                 immoveable
                 .
                 This
                 is
                 his
                 custome
                 in
                 the
                 Summer-time
                 ;
                 after
                 which
                 times
                 he
                 retires
                 into
                 deep
                 waters
                 and
                 there
                 helps
                 the
                 Female
                 to
                 dig
                 a
                 hole
                 in
                 the
                 Sand
                 for
                 her
                 to
                 hide
                 her
                 Spawn
                 from
                 being
                 devoured
                 by
                 other
                 Fish.
                 
              
               
                 This
                 Fish
                 is
                 of
                 a
                 delicate
                 Cast
                 and
                 handsome
                 shape
                 ,
                 with
                 small
                 Scales
                 placed
                 after
                 a
                 most
                 curious
                 manner
                 ;
                 and
                 as
                 his
                 shape
                 is
                 curious
                 so
                 is
                 his
                 palate
                 ,
                 for
                 he
                 will
                 not
                 eat
                 any
                 thing
                 but
                 what
                 is
                 clean
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 if
                 you
                 intend
                 to
                 make
                 any
                 sport
                 with
                 him
                 your
                 Bait
                 must
                 be
                 very
                 well
                 scowred
                 .
                 The
                 best
                 for
                 him
                 is
                 a
                 Lob-worm
                 ,
                 at
                 which
                 he
                 will
                 bite
                 boldly
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 bait
                 your
                 ground
                 the
                 night
                 before
                 with
                 big
                 worms
                 cut
                 in
                 pieces
                 .
                 For
                 him
                 you
                 can
                 never
                 bait
                 the
                 Ground
                 too
                 much
                 ,
                 nor
                 can
                 you
                 fish
                 for
                 him
                 too
                 early
                 or
                 too
                 late
                 .
              
               
                 Gentles
                 also
                 are
                 a
                 very
                 good
                 Bait
                 for
                 him
                 ,
                 if
                 green
                 ;
                 and
                 so
                 is
                 Cheese
                 made
                 tough
                 by
                 keeping
                 it
                 in
                 a
                 wet
                 Linnen
                 Bag
                 a
                 day
                 or
                 two
                 :
                 This
                 Cheese
                 steeped
                 in
                 clarified
                 Honey
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Ground
                 where
                 you
                 intend
                 to
                 fish
                 baited
                 therewith
                 ,
                 will
                 give
                 you
                 an
                 opportunity
                 to
                 catch
                 store
                 enough
                 of
                 Barbels
                 ,
                 if
                 there
                 be
                 any
                 thereabout
                 .
                 You
                 may
                 do
                 well
                 to
                 bait
                 your
                 Hook
                 with
                 Cheese
                 that
                 is
                 sost
                 ,
                 and
                 Sheeps-tallow
                 wrought
                 into
                 a
                 Paste
                 :
                 but
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 bait
                 like
                 the
                 well-scowred
                 Lob-worm
                 ,
                 or
                 Cheese
                 steeped
                 in
                 Honey
                 an
                 hour
                 or
                 two
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 you
                 fish
                 for
                 this
                 Barbel
                 ,
                 let
                 your
                 Rod
                 and
                 Line
                 be
                 both
                 loug
                 and
                 strong
                 ;
                 on
                 your
                 Line
                 let
                 there
                 be
                 a
                 running
                 Plummet
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 a
                 Bullet
                 with
                 a
                 hole
                 throw
                 the
                 middle
                 ,
                 let
                 a
                 knot
                 or
                 little
                 bit
                 of
                 Lead
                 be
                 placed
                 a
                 Foot
                 or
                 more
                 above
                 your
                 Hook
                 ,
                 to
                 keep
                 your
                 Bullet
                 from
                 falling
                 down
                 on
                 it
                 :
                 so
                 your
                 Worm
                 
                 lay
                 at
                 the
                 bottom
                 where
                 they
                 always
                 bite
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 he
                 takes
                 your
                 bait
                 the
                 Plummet
                 will
                 lye
                 and
                 not
                 check
                 the
                 fish
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 may
                 know
                 by
                 the
                 bending
                 of
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 your
                 Rod
                 when
                 he
                 bites
                 ,
                 and
                 likewise
                 feel
                 him
                 with
                 your
                 hand
                 make
                 a
                 strong
                 snatch
                 ,
                 then
                 strike
                 and
                 you
                 rarely
                 fail
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 play
                 him
                 well
                 and
                 tire
                 him
                 ;
                 for
                 as
                 he
                 is
                 very
                 subtile
                 ,
                 so
                 is
                 he
                 extraordinary
                 strong
                 and
                 dogged
                 to
                 be
                 dealt
                 withal
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 so
                 struggle
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 you
                 manage
                 him
                 not
                 dextrously
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 break
                 your
                 Line
                 .
              
               
                 His
                 best
                 time
                 of
                 biting
                 is
                 about
                 nine
                 of
                 the
                 Clock
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 chiefest
                 time
                 of
                 fishing
                 for
                 him
                 is
                 at
                 the
                 latter
                 end
                 of
                 
                   May
                   ,
                   June
                   ,
                   July
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 August
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                
                 BREAM
                 .
              
               
                 THere
                 are
                 two
                 sorts
                 of
                 Breams
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 a
                 fresh
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 a
                 salt
                 water-Fish
                 ,
                 yet
                 neither
                 differ
                 much
                 in
                 shape
                 ,
                 nature
                 ,
                 or
                 taste
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 shall
                 onely
                 speak
                 of
                 the
                 fresh-water
                 Bream
                 ,
                 which
                 at
                 full
                 growth
                 is
                 a
                 large
                 and
                 stately
                 Fish
                 ,
                 and
                 breeds
                 either
                 in
                 Ponds
                 or
                 Rivers
                 ;
                 but
                 chiefly
                 delights
                 in
                 the
                 former
                 ,
                 which
                 if
                 he
                 likes
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 not
                 onely
                 grow
                 exceeding
                 fat
                 ,
                 but
                 will
                 fill
                 the
                 Pond
                 with
                 his
                 issue
                 ,
                 even
                 to
                 the
                 starving
                 of
                 the
                 other
                 Fish.
                 
              
               
                 As
                 for
                 his
                 shape
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 very
                 broad
                 ,
                 and
                 thick
                 scaled
                 very
                 excellently
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 forked
                 Tail
                 ;
                 his
                 Eyes
                 are
                 large
                 ,
                 but
                 he
                 hath
                 a
                 very
                 little
                 sucking
                 Mouth
                 ,
                 disproportionate
                 to
                 his
                 Body
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 flesh
                 of
                 this
                 Fish
                 is
                 accounted
                 more
                 pleasant
                 than
                 wholesome
                 by
                 some
                 :
                 but
                 as
                 for
                 my
                 part
                 ,
                 I
                 am
                 of
                 the
                 judgement
                 of
                 the
                 French
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 a
                 great
                 estimation
                 for
                 it
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 you
                 will
                 but
                 taste
                 his
                 Belly
                 or
                 Head
                 ,
                 you
                 will
                 say
                 it
                 is
                 most
                 excellent
                 food
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 Bream
                 spawneth
                 in
                 June
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 July
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 easily
                 taken
                 ;
                 for
                 after
                 one
                 or
                 two
                 gentle
                 turns
                 he
                 will
                 fall
                 upon
                 his
                 side
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 you
                 may
                 draw
                 him
                 to
                 Land
                 with
                 ease
                 .
                 The
                 best
                 time
                 of
                 Angling
                 for
                 him
                 ,
                 is
                 from
                 St.
                 James-tide
                 till
                 Bartholomew-tide
                 ;
                 for
                 having
                 had
                 all
                 the
                 Summers
                 food
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 exceeding
                 fat
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Bream
                 is
                 a
                 great
                 lover
                 of
                 red
                 Worms
                 ,
                 especially
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 at
                 the
                 root
                 of
                 a
                 great
                 Dock
                 ,
                 and
                 lie
                 wrapt
                 up
                 in
                 a
                 round
                 clue
                 ;
                 also
                 he
                 loves
                 Paste
                 ,
                 Flag-worms
                 ,
                 Wasps
                 ,
                 green
                 Flies
                 ,
                 Butter-flies
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Grass-hopper
                 with
                 his
                 Legs
                 cut
                 off
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 way
                 of
                 taking
                 Breams
                 is
                 thus
                 :
                 First
                 bait
                 the
                 ground
                 (
                 where
                 you
                 know
                 they
                 resort
                 )
                 with
                 a
                 convenient
                 quantity
                 of
                 sweet-ground
                 Barley-malt
                 ,
                 boyled
                 but
                 a
                 little
                 while
                 ,
                 and
                 strained
                 when
                 it
                 is
                 cold
                 :
                 go
                 with
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 place
                 about
                 nine
                 a
                 Clock
                 at
                 night
                 ,
                 then
                 take
                 your
                 Malt
                 ,
                 and
                 squeezing
                 it
                 between
                 your
                 Hands
                 ,
                 throw
                 it
                 into
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 and
                 it
                 will
                 sink
                 :
                 If
                 the
                 stream
                 run
                 hard
                 ,
                 cast
                 in
                 your
                 squeezed
                 Balls
                 a
                 little
                 above
                 the
                 place
                 you
                 intend
                 to
                 angle
                 in
                 .
                 Having
                 thus
                 baited
                 your
                 ground
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Morning
                 bait
                 your
                 Hook
                 with
                 the
                 greatest
                 red
                 Worm
                 you
                 can
                 get
                 ;
                 you
                 may
                 find
                 them
                 in
                 Gardens
                 or
                 Chalky
                 Commons
                 after
                 a
                 showre
                 of
                 Rain
                 ;
                 of
                 which
                 you
                 must
                 store
                 your self
                 beforehand
                 ,
                 keeping
                 them
                 a
                 Month
                 at
                 least
                 in
                 dry
                 Moss
                 ,
                 changing
                 the
                 Moss
                 every
                 three
                 daies
                 .
                 Having
                 baited
                 your
                 hook
                 so
                 that
                 the
                 worm
                 may
                 crawl
                 to
                 and
                 fro
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 better
                 inticing
                 of
                 the
                 Fish
                 to
                 bite
                 without
                 suspition
                 ,
                 observe
                 where
                 your
                 fish
                 play
                 most
                 and
                 stay
                 longest
                 ,
                 which
                 commonly
                 is
                 in
                 the
                 broadest
                 ,
                 deepest
                 and
                 stillest
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 generally
                 in
                 deep
                 and
                 still
                 back
                 Waters
                 :
                 then
                 plumb
                 your
                 ground
                 ,
                 and
                 fish
                 within
                 half
                 an
                 Inch
                 of
                 it
                 ;
                 for
                 although
                 you
                 shall
                 see
                 some
                 Breams
                 play
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Water
                 ,
                 yet
                 these
                 are
                 but
                 the
                 Sentinels
                 for
                 them
                 beneath
                 .
              
               
               
                 You
                 may
                 have
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 Rods
                 out
                 at
                 a
                 time
                 stuck
                 in
                 the
                 Bank-side
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 them
                 be
                 long
                 ,
                 the
                 Floats
                 Swan
                 or
                 Goose-quills
                 ,
                 which
                 must
                 be
                 sunk
                 with
                 Lead
                 ,
                 the
                 tops
                 bearing
                 above
                 water
                 about
                 half
                 an
                 Inch.
                 Let
                 your
                 Rods
                 be
                 cast
                 in
                 one
                 above
                 the
                 other
                 about
                 a
                 yard
                 and
                 a
                 half
                 distant
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 withdraw
                 your self
                 from
                 the
                 Bank
                 so
                 far
                 that
                 you
                 can
                 perceive
                 nothing
                 but
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Float
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 you
                 perceive
                 it
                 sink
                 ,
                 then
                 creep
                 to
                 the
                 Water-side
                 ,
                 and
                 give
                 it
                 as
                 much
                 Line
                 as
                 you
                 can
                 :
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 a
                 Carp
                 or
                 bream
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 run
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 ;
                 then
                 strike
                 gently
                 ,
                 and
                 hold
                 your
                 Rod
                 at
                 a
                 bent
                 a
                 little
                 while
                 ,
                 but
                 do
                 not
                 pull
                 ,
                 for
                 then
                 you
                 spoil
                 all
                 ;
                 but
                 you
                 must
                 first
                 tire
                 them
                 before
                 you
                 can
                 land
                 them
                 ,
                 being
                 very
                 shie
                 .
                 Of
                 the
                 two
                 ,
                 the
                 Carp
                 is
                 the
                 worst
                 ,
                 being
                 more
                 brisk
                 and
                 strong
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 take
                 notice
                 by
                 the
                 way
                 ,
                 if
                 Pike
                 or
                 Pearch
                 be
                 thereabout
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 but
                 a
                 folly
                 to
                 think
                 of
                 killing
                 Carp
                 or
                 Bream
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 you
                 must
                 remove
                 those
                 obstacles
                 ,
                 by
                 fishing
                 them
                 out
                 first
                 .
                 And
                 to
                 the
                 intent
                 you
                 may
                 know
                 whether
                 there
                 be
                 those
                 Fish
                 of
                 Prey
                 thereabout
                 ,
                 take
                 a
                 small
                 Bleak
                 or
                 Gudgeon
                 ,
                 and
                 bait
                 it
                 ,
                 setting
                 it
                 alive
                 among
                 your
                 Rods
                 ,
                 two
                 foot
                 deep
                 from
                 your
                 Float
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 little
                 red
                 Worm
                 at
                 the
                 point
                 of
                 your
                 Hook
                 :
                 if
                 a
                 Pike
                 be
                 there
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 certainly
                 snap
                 at
                 it
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 BLEAK
                 .
              
               
                 THE
                 Bleak
                 is
                 an
                 eager
                 fish
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 caught
                 with
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Worms
                 bred
                 on
                 Trees
                 or
                 Plants
                 ,
                 also
                 with
                 Flies
                 ,
                 Paste
                 ,
                 Sheeps-bloud
                 ,
                 &c
                 You
                 may
                 angle
                 for
                 them
                 with
                 half
                 a
                 score
                 Hooks
                 at
                 once
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 can
                 fasten
                 them
                 all
                 on
                 .
                 Also
                 in
                 an
                 Evening
                 the
                 Bleak
                 will
                 take
                 the
                 natural
                 or
                 artificial
                 Fly.
                 
              
               
               
                 If
                 it
                 be
                 a
                 warm
                 clear
                 day
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 Bait
                 so
                 good
                 for
                 the
                 Bleak
                 as
                 a
                 small
                 Fly
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 will
                 take
                 at
                 any
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 day
                 ,
                 but
                 especially
                 in
                 the
                 evening
                 :
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 fish
                 that
                 yields
                 better
                 sport
                 for
                 a
                 young
                 Angler
                 than
                 this
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 are
                 so
                 eager
                 that
                 they
                 will
                 leap
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 at
                 the
                 Bait.
                 
              
               
                 If
                 the
                 day
                 be
                 cold
                 and
                 cloudy
                 ,
                 Gentles
                 or
                 Cadice
                 are
                 best
                 about
                 two
                 foot
                 under
                 water
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 same
                 Bleak
                 by
                 some
                 is
                 called
                 a
                 Fresh-watersprat
                 ,
                 or
                 River-swallow
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 his
                 continual
                 motion
                 .
              
               
                 Some
                 would
                 have
                 him
                 called
                 Bleak
                 from
                 the
                 whitish
                 colour
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 onely
                 under
                 his
                 Belly
                 ,
                 for
                 his
                 Back
                 is
                 of
                 a
                 pleasant
                 Sea-green
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 another
                 way
                 of
                 taking
                 Bleaks
                 ,
                 by
                 whipping
                 them
                 in
                 a
                 Boat
                 or
                 on
                 a
                 Bank-side
                 in
                 swift
                 Water
                 in
                 a
                 Summers
                 evening
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Hazel-top
                 about
                 five
                 or
                 six
                 foot
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Line
                 twice
                 the
                 length
                 of
                 the
                 Rod
                 ;
                 but
                 the
                 best
                 way
                 is
                 with
                 a
                 Drabble
                 that
                 is
                 tie
                 eight
                 or
                 ten
                 small
                 Hooks
                 along
                 a
                 Line
                 two
                 Inches
                 above
                 one
                 another
                 the
                 biggest
                 Hook
                 the
                 lowermost
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 you
                 may
                 sometimes
                 take
                 a
                 better
                 Fish
                 ,
                 and
                 bait
                 them
                 with
                 Gentles
                 ,
                 Flies
                 ,
                 or
                 small
                 red
                 Worms
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 means
                 you
                 may
                 take
                 half
                 a
                 dozen
                 or
                 more
                 at
                 one
                 time
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                
                 BULL-HEAD
                 ,
                 or
                 MILLER'S-THUMB
                 .
              
               
                 THE
                 Bull-head
                 is
                 a
                 Fish
                 which
                 hath
                 a
                 broad
                 Head
                 and
                 wide
                 Mouth
                 ,
                 with
                 two
                 broad
                 Fins
                 near
                 his
                 Eyes
                 ,
                 and
                 two
                 Fins
                 under
                 his
                 Belly
                 :
                 instead
                 of
                 his
                 Teeth
                 his
                 rough
                 Lips
                 assist
                 him
                 in
                 nibbing
                 at
                 the
                 bait
                 .
                 He
                 hath
                 Fins
                 also
                 on
                 his
                 Back
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 below
                 the
                 Vent
                 ;
                 and
                 his
                 Tail
                 is
                 round
                 ,
                 his
                 Body
                 being
                 all
                 over
                 
                 covered
                 with
                 whitish
                 ,
                 blackish
                 ,
                 and
                 brownish
                 spots
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 begin
                 to
                 spawn
                 about
                 April
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 full
                 of
                 Spawn
                 all
                 the
                 Summer-season
                 .
                 The
                 Bull-head's
                 common
                 habitation
                 is
                 in
                 Holes
                 ,
                 or
                 among
                 Stones
                 in
                 clear
                 Water
                 in
                 Summer
                 ;
                 but
                 in
                 the
                 Winter
                 he
                 takes
                 up
                 his
                 quarters
                 with
                 the
                 Eel
                 in
                 the
                 Mud
                 :
                 So
                 doth
                 the
                 Loach
                 and
                 Minnow
                 ;
                 or
                 we
                 cannot
                 guess
                 otherwise
                 where
                 their
                 Winter-abode
                 should
                 be
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 is
                 easily
                 taken
                 in
                 the
                 Summer
                 ,
                 for
                 he
                 is
                 lazie
                 and
                 simple
                 .
                 You
                 may
                 see
                 him
                 in
                 hot
                 weather
                 lie
                 Sunning
                 himself
                 on
                 a
                 flat
                 Stone
                 or
                 gravelly
                 Ground
                 ,
                 at
                 which
                 time
                 you
                 may
                 put
                 your
                 Hook
                 (
                 which
                 must
                 be
                 baited
                 with
                 a
                 small
                 Worm
                 )
                 very
                 near
                 the
                 Mouth
                 ,
                 at
                 which
                 he
                 seldom
                 refuseth
                 to
                 bite
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 the
                 veriest
                 bungling
                 Angler
                 may
                 take
                 him
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 is
                 an
                 excellent
                 fish
                 for
                 tast
                 ,
                 but
                 of
                 so
                 ill
                 a
                 shape
                 ,
                 that
                 many
                 women
                 care
                 not
                 for
                 dressing
                 him
                 ,
                 he
                 so
                 much
                 resembles
                 a
                 Toad
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                
                 CHEVIN
                 .
              
               
                 THE
                 Chevin
                 spawneth
                 in
                 March
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 a
                 very
                 strong
                 (
                 yet
                 unactive
                 )
                 fish
                 ,
                 yielding
                 in
                 a
                 very
                 little
                 time
                 after
                 he
                 is
                 struck
                 .
                 The
                 larger
                 he
                 is
                 ,
                 the
                 quieter
                 he
                 is
                 taken
                 .
              
               
                 As
                 for
                 his
                 food
                 ,
                 he
                 loveth
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Worms
                 and
                 Flies
                 ,
                 also
                 Cheese
                 ,
                 Grain
                 ,
                 black
                 Worms
                 ,
                 slitting
                 their
                 Bellies
                 that
                 the
                 white
                 may
                 appear
                 :
                 he
                 loveth
                 to
                 have
                 his
                 Bait
                 large
                 ,
                 and
                 variety
                 of
                 Baits
                 at
                 one
                 Hook.
                 He
                 delights
                 very
                 much
                 in
                 the
                 Pith
                 that
                 grows
                 in
                 the
                 bone
                 of
                 an
                 Ox-back
                 ,
                 os
                 which
                 you
                 must
                 be
                 careful
                 in
                 taking
                 off
                 the
                 tough
                 outward
                 Skin
                 ,
                 without
                 breaking
                 the
                 tender
                 inward
                 Skin
              
               
                 Early
                 in
                 the
                 Morning
                 angle
                 for
                 your
                 Chevin
                 with
                 Snails
                 ;
                 but
                 choose
                 some
                 other
                 Bait
                 for
                 him
                 in
                 the
                 
                 heat
                 of
                 the
                 day
                 ,
                 for
                 then
                 he
                 will
                 not
                 bite
                 at
                 them
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Afternoon
                 fish
                 for
                 him
                 at
                 Ground
                 or
                 Flie.
                 There
                 is
                 no
                 Fly
                 he
                 loveth
                 better
                 than
                 a
                 great
                 Moth
                 with
                 a
                 great
                 head
                 ,
                 whose
                 Body
                 is
                 yellow
                 ,
                 with
                 whitish
                 Wings
                 ;
                 which
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 commonly
                 in
                 Gardens
                 about
                 the
                 Evening
                 .
                 He
                 will
                 not
                 stick
                 sometimes
                 to
                 snap
                 at
                 a
                 Lamprey
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 CHAR.
                 
              
               
                 I
                 Could
                 never
                 read
                 nor
                 hear
                 that
                 the
                 Char
                 was
                 taken
                 any
                 where
                 but
                 in
                 a
                 Mere
                 in
                 Lancashire
                 ,
                 called
                 Winander-mere
                 ,
                 the
                 largest
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 report
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 in
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 of
                 England
                 ,
                 being
                 ten
                 miles
                 in
                 length
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 smooth
                 as
                 a
                 Bowling-green
                 at
                 the
                 bottom
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 Char
                 is
                 spotted
                 like
                 a
                 Trout
                 ,
                 and
                 its
                 dimension
                 seldome
                 exceeds
                 seventeen
                 Inches
                 or
                 a
                 foot
                 and
                 half
                 .
                 This
                 Fish
                 is
                 delicate
                 food
                 ,
                 having
                 scarce
                 a
                 Bone
                 but
                 what
                 is
                 on
                 the
                 Back
                 .
                 Now
                 since
                 the
                 place
                 is
                 so
                 remote
                 from
                 London
                 where
                 these
                 Chars
                 are
                 taken
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 for
                 bear
                 to
                 trouble
                 our
                 City-Angler
                 with
                 Rules
                 and
                 Directions
                 how
                 to
                 angle
                 for
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 pass
                 to
                 such
                 Fish
                 as
                 are
                 frequently
                 found
                 in
                 every
                 River
                 here
                 near
                 adjacent
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 CHUB
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 Fish
                 hath
                 several
                 appellations
                 ;
                 for
                 he
                 is
                 called
                 a
                 Chub
                 ,
                 a
                 Chavender
                 by
                 the
                 French
                 ,
                 by
                 some
                 a
                 Villian
                 ,
                 by
                 others
                 a
                 Cheven
                 .
                 As
                 for
                 my
                 part
                 ,
                 call
                 him
                 what
                 you
                 please
                 ,
                 I
                 like
                 him
                 not
                 for
                 these
                 reasons
                 :
                 first
                 ,
                 he
                 is
                 full
                 of
                 small
                 forked
                 Bones
                 dispersed
                 every
                 where
                 throughout
                 his
                 Body
                 ;
                 next
                 ,
                 he
                 eats
                 very
                 waterish
                 ;
                 and
                 lastly
                 ,
                 this
                 Fish
                 is
                 unfirm
                 ,
                 and
                 (
                 in
                 my
                 opinion
                 )
                 in
                 a
                 manner
                 tasteless
                 .
              
               
               
                 Of
                 all
                 fish
                 he
                 is
                 the
                 best
                 to
                 enter
                 a
                 young
                 Angler
                 ,
                 for
                 he
                 is
                 very
                 easily
                 taken
                 :
                 however
                 give
                 me
                 leave
                 to
                 prescribe
                 you
                 some
                 more
                 Rules
                 than
                 what
                 I
                 have
                 already
                 shewn
                 in
                 the
                 Angling
                 for
                 the
                 Cheven
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 same
                 with
                 the
                 Chub
                 or
                 Chavender
              
               
                 You
                 must
                 find
                 out
                 some
                 hole
                 ,
                 where
                 you
                 shall
                 have
                 twenty
                 or
                 more
                 of
                 them
                 together
                 in
                 a
                 hot
                 day
                 floating
                 almost
                 on
                 the
                 very
                 surface
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 :
                 let
                 your
                 Rod
                 be
                 long
                 and
                 strong
                 ,
                 and
                 your
                 Line
                 not
                 above
                 a
                 yard
                 or
                 two
                 long
                 ,
                 very
                 strong
                 ,
                 and
                 an
                 indifferent
                 large
                 Hook
                 ;
                 then
                 bait
                 your
                 Hook
                 with
                 a
                 Grashopper
                 ,
                 bob
                 your
                 Grashopper
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 one
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 if
                 there
                 be
                 any
                 Chub
                 near
                 he
                 will
                 rise
                 ;
                 but
                 so
                 abscond
                 your self
                 that
                 you
                 may
                 not
                 be
                 seen
                 ,
                 for
                 he
                 is
                 a
                 very
                 fearful
                 fish
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 the
                 least
                 shadow
                 will
                 make
                 him
                 sink
                 to
                 the
                 bottom
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 yet
                 he
                 will
                 rise
                 again
                 suddainly
                 ;
                 this
                 is
                 called
                 Bobing
                 .
              
               
                 Having
                 baited
                 your
                 Hook
                 drop
                 it
                 gently
                 some
                 two
                 foot
                 before
                 that
                 Chub
                 you
                 have
                 elected
                 by
                 your
                 eye
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 best
                 and
                 fairest
                 ,
                 and
                 he
                 will
                 instantly
                 bite
                 greedily
                 thereat
                 ,
                 and
                 be
                 held
                 so
                 fast
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 his
                 Leather-mouth
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 can
                 seldom
                 break
                 his
                 hold
                 :
                 and
                 therefore
                 you
                 may
                 do
                 well
                 to
                 give
                 him
                 play
                 enough
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 tire
                 him
                 ;
                 otherwise
                 you
                 may
                 endanger
                 your
                 Line
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 cannot
                 find
                 a
                 Grashopper
                 ,
                 then
                 bait
                 your
                 Hook
                 with
                 any
                 kind
                 of
                 Fly
                 or
                 Worm
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 said
                 before
                 ,
                 as
                 Dors
                 ,
                 Beetles
                 ,
                 Bobs
                 ,
                 Cod
                 or
                 Case-worms
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 you
                 fish
                 for
                 the
                 Chub
                 with
                 a
                 Fly
                 ,
                 Grashopper
                 ,
                 or
                 Beetle
                 ,
                 it
                 must
                 be
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 ;
                 if
                 with
                 other
                 baits
                 ,
                 underneath
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 March
                 and
                 April
                 angle
                 for
                 your
                 Chub
                 with
                 Worms
                 ;
                 in
                 
                   May
                   ,
                   June
                
                 ,
                 and
                 July
                 ,
                 with
                 Flies
                 ,
                 Snails
                 ,
                 or
                 Cherries
                 .
                 Where
                 note
                 he
                 will
                 rarely
                 refuse
                 a
                 Grashopper
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 a
                 swift
                 Stream
                 ,
                 nor
                 at
                 the
                 bottom
                 
                 the
                 young
                 Humble-bee
                 .
                 In
                 
                   August
                   ,
                   September
                
                 ,
                 &c.
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 a
                 Paste
                 made
                 of
                 Parmisan
                 ,
                 or
                 Holland
                 cheese
                 pounded
                 with
                 Saffron
                 in
                 a
                 Mortar
                 ,
                 adding
                 thereunto
                 a
                 little
                 Butter
                 .
                 Others
                 make
                 a
                 Paste
                 of
                 Cheese
                 and
                 Turpentine
                 for
                 the
                 Winter-season
                 ,
                 at
                 which
                 time
                 the
                 Chub
                 is
                 in
                 his
                 prime
                 ;
                 for
                 then
                 his
                 forked
                 Bones
                 are
                 either
                 lost
                 ,
                 or
                 converted
                 into
                 a
                 Gristle
                 ;
                 and
                 he
                 is
                 excellent
                 meat
                 baked
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 hot
                 weather
                 angle
                 for
                 him
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 or
                 near
                 the
                 top
                 thereof
                 ;
                 but
                 in
                 cold
                 weather
                 fish
                 for
                 him
                 near
                 the
                 bottom
                 .
              
               
                 To
                 finish
                 all
                 other
                 discourse
                 of
                 this
                 
                   Chub
                   ,
                   Cheven
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Chavender
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 only
                 say
                 that
                 his
                 Spawn
                 is
                 excellent
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 he
                 be
                 large
                 ,
                 the
                 Head
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Throat
                 is
                 well
                 washt
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 best
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Fish.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 CARP
                 .
              
               
                 IT
                 is
                 confess'd
                 by
                 all
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Carp
                 is
                 the
                 Queen
                 of
                 all
                 Fresh-water-fish
                 ,
                 being
                 not
                 only
                 a
                 good
                 ,
                 but
                 subtile
                 fish
                 and
                 living
                 longest
                 of
                 all
                 fish
                 (
                 excepting
                 the
                 Ecl
                 )
                 out
                 of
                 his
                 proper
                 Element
                 .
                 Those
                 that
                 die
                 soonest
                 are
                 Herrings
                 ,
                 for
                 salt-water
                 ;
                 and
                 for
                 fresh-water
                 ,
                 Trouts
                 .
              
               
                 Carps
                 are
                 observed
                 to
                 breed
                 several
                 Months
                 in
                 one
                 year
                 ;
                 and
                 for
                 this
                 reason
                 you
                 shall
                 hardly
                 ever
                 take
                 either
                 Male
                 or
                 Female
                 without
                 Melt
                 or
                 Spawn
                 .
                 They
                 breed
                 ever
                 more
                 naturally
                 in
                 Ponds
                 than
                 in
                 running
                 water
                 :
                 in
                 the
                 latter
                 very
                 seldom
                 or
                 never
                 ;
                 and
                 where
                 they
                 breed
                 ,
                 they
                 breed
                 innumerably
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 that
                 intends
                 to
                 Angle
                 for
                 a
                 Carp
                 ,
                 must
                 arm
                 himself
                 with
                 a
                 world
                 of
                 Patience
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 extraordinary
                 subtlety
                 and
                 policy
                 of
                 that
                 Fish
                 :
                 They
                 alwaies
                 choose
                 to
                 lie
                 in
                 the
                 deepest
                 places
                 either
                 of
                 Ponds
                 or
                 Rivers
                 where
                 is
                 but
                 a
                 small
                 running
                 Stream
                 .
                 Next
                 ,
                 you
                 are
                 to
                 observe
                 that
                 the
                 Carp
                 will
                 seldom
                 
                 bite
                 in
                 cold
                 weather
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 hot
                 weather
                 you
                 cannot
                 be
                 too
                 early
                 or
                 too
                 late
                 at
                 your
                 sport
                 :
                 and
                 if
                 he
                 bite
                 ,
                 you
                 need
                 not
                 fear
                 his
                 hold
                 ,
                 for
                 he
                 is
                 one
                 of
                 those
                 leather-mouth'd-fish
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 their
                 Teeth
                 in
                 their
                 Throat
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 you
                 angle
                 for
                 the
                 Carp
                 ,
                 your
                 Rod
                 and
                 Line
                 must
                 be
                 strong
                 ;
                 and
                 because
                 he
                 is
                 so
                 very
                 wary
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 good
                 to
                 intice
                 him
                 by
                 baiting
                 the
                 Ground
                 with
                 course
                 Paste
                 :
                 In
                 March
                 he
                 seldom
                 resuseth
                 the
                 red
                 Worm
                 ,
                 the
                 Cadice
                 in
                 June
                 ,
                 nor
                 the
                 Grashopper
                 in
                 
                   July
                   ,
                   August
                
                 ,
                 and
                 September
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Carp
                 takes
                 delight
                 in
                 Worms
                 or
                 sweet
                 Pastes
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 there
                 are
                 great
                 variety
                 :
                 the
                 best
                 are
                 made
                 up
                 of
                 Honey
                 and
                 Sugar
                 ,
                 and
                 ought
                 to
                 be
                 thrown
                 into
                 your
                 Water
                 some
                 hours
                 before
                 you
                 intend
                 to
                 angle
                 ;
                 or
                 if
                 you
                 throw
                 in
                 your
                 Paste
                 made
                 into
                 small
                 Pellets
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 days
                 before
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 the
                 worse
                 ,
                 especially
                 if
                 you
                 throw
                 in
                 also
                 Chickens-guts
                 ,
                 Garbage
                 ,
                 or
                 Bloud
                 incorporated
                 with
                 Bran
                 or
                 Cow-dung
                 .
              
               
                 You
                 may
                 make
                 your
                 Paste
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 :
                 Take
                 a
                 convenient
                 quantity
                 of
                 Bean-flour
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 Flour
                 ,
                 and
                 mingle
                 it
                 with
                 the
                 flesh
                 of
                 a
                 Cat
                 cut
                 small
                 ;
                 make
                 up
                 this
                 Composition
                 with
                 Honey
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 beat
                 them
                 all
                 together
                 in
                 a
                 Mortar
                 so
                 long
                 ,
                 till
                 they
                 are
                 so
                 tough
                 as
                 to
                 hang
                 upon
                 a
                 Hook
                 without
                 washing
                 off
                 .
                 For
                 the
                 better
                 effecting
                 thereof
                 ,
                 mingle
                 therewith
                 some
                 whitish
                 Wool
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 you
                 would
                 keep
                 it
                 all
                 the
                 year
                 ,
                 add
                 thereunto
                 some
                 Virgins-wax
                 and
                 clarified
                 Honey
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 fish
                 with
                 Gentles
                 ,
                 anoint
                 them
                 with
                 Honey
                 and
                 put
                 them
                 on
                 your
                 hook
                 with
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 Scarlet
                 dipt
                 in
                 the
                 like
                 .
                 This
                 is
                 the
                 most
                 approved
                 way
                 to
                 deceive
                 and
                 captivate
                 the
                 subtile
                 Carp.
                 Honey
                 and
                 crums
                 of
                 White-bread
                 mixt
                 together
                 is
                 a
                 very
                 good
                 Paste
                 for
                 a
                 Carp.
                 
              
               
                 
                   An
                   approved
                   way
                   how
                   to
                   take
                
                 Carp
                 
                   in
                   a
                   muddy
                   Pond
                
                 .
                 Vide
                 
                   Chap.
                   Of
                   the
                   Tench
                
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 Of
                 the
                 DACE
                 and
                 DARE
                 .
              
               
                 THE
                 
                   Dace
                   ,
                   Dare
                
                 and
                 Roach
                 ,
                 are
                 much
                 of
                 a
                 kind
                 ,
                 both
                 in
                 manner
                 of
                 feeding
                 ,
                 cunning
                 ,
                 goodness
                 and
                 commonly
                 in
                 size
              
               
                 The
                 Dace
                 or
                 Dare
                 will
                 bite
                 at
                 any
                 Fly
                 ,
                 but
                 especially
                 at
                 the
                 Stone-cadice
                 fly
                 or
                 May
                 fly
                 ,
                 the
                 latter
                 end
                 of
                 April
                 and
                 the
                 begining
                 or
                 most
                 part
                 of
                 May
                 is
                 a
                 most
                 excellent
                 bait
                 ,
                 floating
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 ;
                 which
                 you
                 may
                 gather
                 great
                 quantities
                 of
                 from
                 the
                 Reeds
                 and
                 Sedge
                 by
                 the
                 water
                 side
                 ,
                 or
                 from
                 Hawthorne
                 bushes
                 which
                 grow
                 near
                 the
                 bank
                 of
                 a
                 shallow
                 Gravel-stream
                 ,
                 on
                 which
                 they
                 very
                 much
                 delight
                 to
                 hang
                 :
                 also
                 at
                 Ant-flies
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 the
                 blackish
                 is
                 the
                 best
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 found
                 in
                 Mole-hills
                 about
                 the
                 Months
                 of
                 
                   June
                   ,
                   July
                   ,
                   August
                
                 and
                 September
                 .
                 The
                 way
                 of
                 preserving
                 them
                 for
                 your
                 use
                 is
                 ,
                 to
                 put
                 them
                 alive
                 into
                 a
                 Glass-bottle
                 ,
                 having
                 first
                 laid
                 therein
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 moist
                 Earth
                 from
                 whence
                 you
                 gatherd
                 them
                 ,
                 with
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 Roots
                 of
                 the
                 Grass
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Hillock
                 :
                 having
                 laid
                 your
                 Ant-flies
                 in
                 gently
                 without
                 premdicing
                 their
                 Wings
                 ,
                 lay
                 a
                 clod
                 of
                 Earth
                 over
                 it
                 :
                 thus
                 you
                 may
                 keep
                 them
                 a
                 Month
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 bruise
                 them
                 not
                 .
                 If
                 you
                 would
                 keep
                 them
                 longer
                 ,
                 put
                 them
                 into
                 a
                 large
                 Rundlet
                 ,
                 having
                 first
                 wash'd
                 the
                 inside
                 with
                 water
                 and
                 Honey
                 :
                 having
                 thus
                 kept
                 them
                 three
                 Months
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 an
                 incomparable
                 Bait
                 in
                 any
                 Stream
                 and
                 clear
                 Water
                 ,
                 either
                 for
                 
                   Dace
                   ,
                   Dare
                
                 or
                 Roach
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 good
                 also
                 for
                 a
                 Chavender
                 ,
                 fishing
                 within
                 a
                 handful
                 from
                 the
                 bottom
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 best
                 time
                 for
                 making
                 use
                 of
                 the
                 Ant-flie
                 ,
                 is
                 when
                 they
                 swarm
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 generally
                 about
                 the
                 latter
                 end
                 of
                 July
                 ,
                 and
                 begining
                 of
                 August
                 :
                 they
                 will
                 cover
                 a
                 Tree
                 or
                 Bush
                 with
                 their
                 multitude
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 if
                 you
                 
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 load
                 your self
                 with
                 Roach
                 or
                 Dace
                 in
                 a
                 small
                 time
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 a
                 warm
                 day
                 he
                 rarely
                 refuseth
                 a
                 fly
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 :
                 but
                 remember
                 that
                 when
                 you
                 fish
                 under
                 water
                 for
                 him
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 best
                 to
                 be
                 within
                 an
                 handful
                 or
                 something
                 more
                 of
                 the
                 ground
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 would
                 fish
                 for
                 Dace
                 or
                 Dare
                 in
                 winter
                 ,
                 then
                 about
                 Alhallontide
                 ,
                 where
                 ever
                 you
                 see
                 Heath
                 or
                 Sandy
                 grounds
                 ploughing
                 up
                 ,
                 follow
                 the
                 Plough
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 will
                 find
                 a
                 white
                 worm
                 with
                 a
                 red
                 head
                 ,
                 as
                 big
                 as
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 a
                 mans
                 little
                 finger
                 .
                 You
                 may
                 know
                 where
                 most
                 of
                 them
                 are
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 Crows
                 and
                 Rooks
                 which
                 sit
                 on
                 the
                 plowed
                 land
                 .
                 The
                 worm
                 is
                 very
                 soft
                 and
                 is
                 by
                 some
                 termed
                 a
                 Grub
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 nothing
                 but
                 the
                 Spawn
                 of
                 a
                 Beetle
                 .
                 Gather
                 what
                 quantity
                 you
                 think
                 fit
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 them
                 into
                 a
                 Vessel
                 with
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 from
                 whence
                 they
                 were
                 taken
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 may
                 keep
                 them
                 all
                 the
                 Winter
                 .
              
               
                 Lastly
                 the
                 young
                 brood
                 of
                 Wasps
                 and
                 Bees
                 having
                 their
                 heads
                 dipt
                 in
                 Blood
                 ,
                 are
                 an
                 excellent
                 bait
                 for
                 Dace
                 or
                 Dare.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 EEL
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 Shall
                 not
                 trouble
                 you
                 with
                 variety
                 of
                 discourses
                 concerning
                 the
                 being
                 of
                 an
                 Eel
                 ,
                 whether
                 they
                 breed
                 by
                 some
                 Generation
                 ,
                 or
                 Corruption
                 as
                 Worms
                 or
                 by
                 certain
                 Glutinous
                 dew
                 drops
                 ,
                 which
                 falling
                 in
                 May
                 and
                 June
                 on
                 the
                 Banks
                 of
                 some
                 Ponds
                 or
                 Rivers
                 ;
                 are
                 by
                 the
                 heat
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 turned
                 into
                 Eels
                 :
                 and
                 these
                 are
                 by
                 some
                 called
                 Yelvers
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 I
                 have
                 seen
                 Cakes
                 made
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 eaten
                 thereof
                 when
                 fried
                 ,
                 with
                 much
                 satisfaction
                 .
                 I
                 say
                 waving
                 away
                 all
                 Discourses
                 of
                 this
                 nature
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 onely
                 tell
                 you
                 that
                 some
                 have
                 differented
                 Eels
                 into
                 four
                 sorts
                 chiefly
                 :
                 namely
                 ,
                 the
                 Silver-Eel
                 ,
                 
                 a
                 Greenish
                 Eel
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 is
                 called
                 a
                 Creg
                 ;
                 )
                 a
                 blackish
                 Eel
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 broad
                 flat
                 head
                 ;
                 and
                 lastly
                 an
                 Eel
                 with
                 reddish
                 Fins
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 shall
                 onely
                 speak
                 of
                 the
                 first
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 Silver
                 Eel
                 .
                 This
                 Eel
                 is
                 generally
                 believed
                 to
                 have
                 its
                 being
                 from
                 Generation
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 by
                 spawning
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 young
                 coming
                 from
                 the
                 Female
                 alive
                 ,
                 and
                 no
                 bigger
                 than
                 a
                 small
                 Needle
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 Eel
                 may
                 be
                 caught
                 with
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 Baits
                 but
                 principally
                 with
                 powder'd
                 Beef
                 .
                 A
                 Garden-worm
                 or
                 Lob
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Minnow
                 ,
                 or
                 Hen's-gut
                 ,
                 or
                 Garbage
                 of
                 Fish
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 very
                 good
                 bait
                 :
                 but
                 some
                 prefer
                 a
                 Pride
                 ,
                 which
                 others
                 call
                 a
                 Lamprey
                 ,
                 beyond
                 any
                 yet
                 named
                 .
              
               
                 As
                 Eels
                 abscond
                 themselves
                 in
                 Winter
                 ,
                 taking
                 up
                 their
                 constant
                 residence
                 in
                 the
                 Mud
                 ,
                 without
                 stirring
                 out
                 for
                 six
                 Moneths
                 ;
                 so
                 in
                 the
                 Summer
                 they
                 take
                 no
                 delight
                 to
                 be
                 abroad
                 in
                 the
                 day
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 the
                 most
                 proper
                 time
                 to
                 take
                 them
                 is
                 in
                 the
                 night
                 ,
                 with
                 any
                 of
                 those
                 Baits
                 aforesaid
                 ,
                 fastning
                 your
                 Line
                 to
                 the
                 Bank-side
                 with
                 your
                 Laying-hooks
                 in
                 the
                 water
                 .
                 Or
                 you
                 may
                 throw
                 in
                 a
                 Line
                 with
                 good
                 store
                 of
                 Hooks
                 baited
                 ,
                 and
                 plumb'd
                 with
                 a
                 Float
                 to
                 discover
                 where
                 the
                 Line
                 lieth
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 Morning
                 you
                 may
                 take
                 it
                 up
                 with
                 your
                 Drag-hook
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 another
                 way
                 of
                 taking
                 Eels
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 by
                 Sniggling
                 .
                 This
                 Sniggling
                 is
                 nothing
                 else
                 but
                 taking
                 in
                 the
                 day-time
                 a
                 strong
                 Line
                 and
                 Hook
                 baited
                 with
                 a
                 Lob
                 or
                 Garden-worm
                 ,
                 and
                 marking
                 such
                 Holes
                 and
                 places
                 where
                 the
                 Eels
                 use
                 to
                 abscond
                 themselves
                 in
                 the
                 day-time
                 near
                 Wears
                 ,
                 Mills
                 ,
                 or
                 Flood-gates
                 ,
                 and
                 gently
                 by
                 the
                 help
                 of
                 a
                 Stick
                 putting
                 your
                 bait
                 into
                 such
                 holes
                 where
                 you
                 imagine
                 Eels
                 are
                 :
                 and
                 if
                 there
                 be
                 any
                 ,
                 you
                 shall
                 be
                 sure
                 to
                 have
                 a
                 bite
                 ;
                 but
                 then
                 have
                 a
                 care
                 you
                 pull
                 not
                 too
                 hard
                 ,
                 lest
                 you
                 spoil
                 all
                 .
                 Here
                 note
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Top
                 of
                 your
                 Stick
                 must
                 
                 be
                 cleft
                 ,
                 wherein
                 you
                 must
                 put
                 a
                 strong
                 Hook
                 ,
                 but
                 of
                 a
                 narrow
                 compass
                 ;
                 which
                 Stick
                 must
                 guide
                 the
                 Bait
                 into
                 the
                 Hole
                 where
                 the
                 Eel
                 is
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 means
                 ,
                 if
                 your
                 Tackling
                 hold
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 get
                 as
                 large
                 Eels
                 as
                 any
                 are
                 in
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 Mill-pond
                 ,
                 or
                 Flood-gate
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 And
                 as
                 this
                 way
                 of
                 fishing
                 is
                 called
                 Sniggling
                 ,
                 so
                 it
                 is
                 called
                 Broggling
                 for
                 Eels
                 .
              
               
                 Bobbing
                 fot
                 Eels
                 is
                 done
                 after
                 another
                 manner
                 :
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 Take
                 very
                 large
                 Lobs
                 ,
                 scowr
                 them
                 well
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 a
                 Needle
                 run
                 some
                 strong-twisted
                 Silk
                 through
                 them
                 from
                 end
                 to
                 end
                 ;
                 take
                 so
                 many
                 as
                 that
                 you
                 may
                 wrap
                 them
                 about
                 a
                 board
                 a
                 dozen
                 times
                 at
                 least
                 ,
                 then
                 tie
                 them
                 fast
                 with
                 the
                 two
                 ends
                 of
                 the
                 Silk
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 hang
                 in
                 so
                 many
                 Hanks
                 ;
                 then
                 fasten
                 all
                 to
                 a
                 strong
                 Cord
                 ,
                 and
                 about
                 a
                 handful
                 and
                 a
                 half
                 above
                 the
                 Worms
                 fasten
                 a
                 Plumb
                 of
                 three
                 quarters
                 of
                 a
                 pound
                 in
                 weight
                 ,
                 and
                 fasten
                 your
                 Cord
                 to
                 a
                 strong
                 Pole
                 :
                 having
                 so
                 done
                 ,
                 fish
                 in
                 muddy
                 Water
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 will
                 feel
                 the
                 Eels
                 tug
                 lustily
                 at
                 them
                 .
                 When
                 you
                 think
                 they
                 have
                 swallowed
                 them
                 as
                 far
                 as
                 they
                 can
                 ,
                 gently
                 draw
                 up
                 your
                 Line
                 ,
                 till
                 you
                 have
                 brought
                 your
                 Eels
                 to
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 bring
                 them
                 ashore
                 as
                 fast
                 as
                 you
                 can
                 .
                 The
                 Gentleman
                 (
                 and
                 an
                 experienced
                 Angler
                 )
                 from
                 whom
                 I
                 received
                 this
                 Instruction
                 ,
                 told
                 me
                 ,
                 he
                 hath
                 taken
                 six
                 or
                 seven
                 large
                 Eels
                 at
                 a
                 time
                 this
                 very
                 way
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 another
                 way
                 also
                 for
                 taking
                 of
                 Eels
                 (
                 though
                 it
                 be
                 somewhat
                 laborious
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 that
                 reason
                 is
                 best
                 to
                 be
                 made
                 use
                 of
                 in
                 cold
                 weather
                 )
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 by
                 an
                 Instrument
                 called
                 an
                 Eel-spear
                 :
                 it
                 is
                 made
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 with
                 three
                 Forks
                 or
                 Teeth
                 ,
                 jagged
                 on
                 the
                 sides
                 ;
                 but
                 those
                 are
                 better
                 that
                 have
                 four
                 .
                 This
                 you
                 are
                 to
                 strike
                 into
                 the
                 Mud
                 at
                 the
                 bottom
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 you
                 chance
                 to
                 light
                 where
                 they
                 lie
                 ,
                 you
                 need
                 not
                 fear
                 taking
                 them
                 if
                 your
                 Instrument
                 be
                 good
                 .
              
               
               
                 If
                 you
                 would
                 take
                 verv
                 large
                 Eels
                 indeed
                 ,
                 bait
                 your
                 Night-hooks
                 with
                 small
                 Roaches
                 ,
                 und
                 let
                 the
                 Hooks
                 lie
                 in
                 the
                 Mouth
                 of
                 the
                 Fish.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 FLOUNDER
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 shall
                 not
                 go
                 about
                 to
                 tell
                 you
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 a
                 Flounder
                 ,
                 or
                 give
                 you
                 his
                 description
                 ,
                 since
                 he
                 is
                 a
                 Fish
                 so
                 well
                 known
                 to
                 every
                 one
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 
                   April
                   ,
                   May
                   ,
                   June
                
                 and
                 July
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 fish
                 for
                 the
                 Flounder
                 all
                 day
                 long
                 ,
                 either
                 in
                 a
                 swift
                 Stream
                 or
                 in
                 the
                 still
                 Deep
                 ,
                 but
                 best
                 in
                 the
                 Stream
                 .
                 Your
                 most
                 proper
                 Baits
                 are
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 red
                 Worms
                 ,
                 Wasps
                 and
                 Gentles
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 GRAILING
                 .
              
               
                 WHen
                 you
                 angle
                 for
                 the
                 Grailing
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 head
                 your
                 Hook
                 upon
                 the
                 Shank
                 with
                 a
                 very
                 slender
                 narrow
                 plate
                 of
                 Lead
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 it
                 be
                 slenderest
                 at
                 the
                 bent
                 of
                 the
                 Hook
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Bait
                 which
                 must
                 be
                 a
                 large
                 Grashoper
                 ,
                 may
                 with
                 more
                 facility
                 come
                 over
                 it
                 :
                 At
                 the
                 point
                 let
                 there
                 be
                 a
                 Cad
                 bait
                 ,
                 and
                 keep
                 the
                 bait
                 in
                 continual
                 Motion
                 ;
                 and
                 forget
                 not
                 to
                 pull
                 off
                 the
                 Grashopper's
                 Wings
                 which
                 are
                 uppermost
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Months
                 of
                 March
                 and
                 April
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 an
                 excellent
                 Bait
                 for
                 the
                 Grailing
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 called
                 a
                 Tag-tail
                 :
                 This
                 worm
                 is
                 of
                 a
                 pale
                 Flesh-colour
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 yellow
                 Tag
                 on
                 his
                 Tail
                 ,
                 somewhat
                 less
                 then
                 half
                 an
                 Inch
                 long
                 ;
                 which
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 in
                 Marled
                 Grounds
                 and
                 Meadows
                 in
                 fair
                 weather
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 in
                 cold
                 weather
                 ,
                 or
                 after
                 a
                 showre
                 of
                 Rain
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 Of
                 the
                 GUDGEON
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Gudgeon
                 ,
                 though
                 small
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 fish
                 of
                 so
                 pleasant
                 a
                 taste
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 my
                 opinion
                 it
                 is
                 very
                 little
                 inferiour
                 to
                 the
                 Smelt
                 .
                 I
                 need
                 not
                 describe
                 him
                 ,
                 he
                 is
                 so
                 well
                 known
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 spawns
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 times
                 in
                 the
                 Summer
                 season
                 .
                 His
                 feeding
                 is
                 much
                 like
                 the
                 Barbel's
                 ,
                 in
                 sharp
                 Streams
                 and
                 on
                 Gravel
                 ,
                 slighting
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 Flies
                 .
                 He
                 is
                 easily
                 taken
                 with
                 a
                 small
                 red
                 Worm
                 ,
                 fishing
                 near
                 the
                 ground
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 Fish
                 is
                 Leather-mouthed
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 not
                 easily
                 be
                 lost
                 off
                 the
                 Hook
                 when
                 struck
                 .
                 You
                 may
                 fish
                 for
                 him
                 with
                 Float
                 ,
                 your
                 Hook
                 being
                 on
                 the
                 ground
                 ;
                 or
                 by
                 hand
                 with
                 a
                 running
                 line
                 on
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 without
                 either
                 Cork
                 or
                 Float
                 .
              
               
                 Wasps
                 ,
                 Gentles
                 ,
                 and
                 Cad-baits
                 are
                 good
                 baits
                 for
                 the
                 Gudgeon
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 small
                 Red
                 worm
                 the
                 best
                 ;
                 you
                 may
                 fish
                 for
                 them
                 with
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 hooks
                 at
                 once
                 and
                 find
                 very
                 pleasant
                 sport
                 where
                 they
                 rise
                 any
                 thing
                 large
                 .
                 When
                 you
                 Angle
                 for
                 them
                 ,
                 stir
                 up
                 the
                 Sand
                 or
                 Gravel
                 with
                 a
                 long
                 Pole
                 ,
                 which
                 will
                 make
                 them
                 gather
                 to
                 that
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 bite
                 faster
                 and
                 with
                 more
                 eagerness
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 GUINIAD
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 Cannot
                 say
                 much
                 of
                 this
                 Fish
                 ,
                 only
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 excellent
                 food
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 I
                 shall
                 conclude
                 my
                 discourse
                 of
                 the
                 Guiniad
                 with
                 a
                 very
                 strange
                 observation
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 This
                 Fish
                 is
                 not
                 found
                 any
                 where
                 but
                 in
                 a
                 large
                 Water
                 called
                 Pemble-Mere
                 :
                 but
                 that
                 which
                 is
                 most
                 remarkable
                 is
                 this
                 ,
                 That
                 the
                 River
                 
                 which
                 runs
                 by
                 Chester
                 hath
                 its
                 Head
                 or
                 .
                 Fountain
                 in
                 
                   Merionith
                   shire
                
                 and
                 in
                 its
                 course
                 runs
                 through
                 this
                 Pemble-Mere
                 ,
                 which
                 abounds
                 as
                 much
                 with
                 Guiniads
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 River
                 Dee
                 doth
                 with
                 Salmon
                 ,
                 of
                 each
                 both
                 affording
                 great
                 plenty
                 ;
                 and
                 yet
                 it
                 was
                 never
                 known
                 that
                 any
                 Salmon
                 was
                 ever
                 caught
                 in
                 the
                 Mere
                 ,
                 nor
                 ever
                 any
                 Guiniads
                 taken
                 in
                 the
                 River
                 .
              
               
                 
                   When
                   d
                   ee
                   that
                   in
                   his
                   course
                   fain
                   in
                   her
                   lap
                   would
                   lie
                   ,
                
                 
                   Commixtion
                   with
                   her
                   store
                   ,
                   his
                   stream
                   she
                   doth
                   deny
                   ,
                
                 
                   By
                   his
                   complexion
                   prov'd
                   ,
                   as
                   he
                   through
                   her
                   doth
                   glide
                   ,
                
                 
                   Her
                   Wealth
                   again
                   from
                   his
                   she
                   likewise
                   doth
                   divide
                   :
                
                 
                   Those
                   white
                   fish
                   that
                   in
                   her
                   do
                   wondrously
                   abound
                   ,
                
                 
                   Are
                   never
                   seen
                   in
                   him
                   ;
                   nor
                   are
                   his
                   Salmons
                   found
                
                 
                   At
                   any
                   time
                   in
                   her
                   ;
                   but
                   as
                   she
                   him
                   disdains
                   ,
                
                 
                   So
                   he
                   again
                   from
                   her
                   as
                   wilfully
                   abstains
                   .
                
                 
                   Draytons
                   Polyolb
                   .
                   Song
                   9.
                   
                
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 LOACH
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Loach
                 ,
                 though
                 a
                 small
                 yet
                 a
                 dainty
                 fish
                 :
                 his
                 breeding
                 and
                 feeding
                 is
                 in
                 little
                 and
                 clear
                 swift
                 Brooks
                 or
                 Rivulets
                 ;
                 here
                 and
                 in
                 sharp
                 Streams
                 Gravel
                 is
                 his
                 usual
                 food
                 .
                 He
                 is
                 small
                 and
                 slender
                 ,
                 seldom
                 exceeding
                 three
                 Inches
                 in
                 length
                 :
                 he
                 is
                 bearded
                 like
                 a
                 Barbel
                 ,
                 having
                 two
                 Fins
                 at
                 his
                 sides
                 ,
                 four
                 at
                 his
                 Belly
                 ,
                 and
                 onely
                 one
                 at
                 his
                 Tail
                 and
                 is
                 freckled
                 with
                 many
                 black
                 or
                 brown
                 spots
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 Loach
                 is
                 commonly
                 full
                 of
                 Spawn
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 flesh
                 ,
                 a
                 very
                 grateful
                 food
                 to
                 weak
                 Stomacks
                 affording
                 great
                 Nourishment
                 .
                 He
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 taken
                 with
                 a
                 very
                 small
                 Worm
                 neer
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 for
                 he
                 delights
                 to
                 be
                 neer
                 the
                 Gravel
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 is
                 seldom
                 seen
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 Of
                 the
                 MINNOW
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Minnow
                 is
                 a
                 fish
                 without
                 Scales
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 least
                 of
                 the
                 watry
                 Inhabitants
                 ;
                 but
                 for
                 excellency
                 of
                 meat
                 he
                 may
                 (
                 in
                 my
                 opinion
                 )
                 be
                 compared
                 to
                 any
                 fish
                 of
                 greatest
                 value
                 and
                 largest
                 size
                 ;
                 and
                 little
                 things
                 should
                 not
                 be
                 despised
                 .
                 The
                 Spawners
                 are
                 usually
                 full
                 of
                 Spawn
                 all
                 the
                 Summer
                 long
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 breed
                 often
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 is
                 but
                 necessary
                 ,
                 being
                 both
                 Prey
                 and
                 Baits
                 to
                 other
                 fish
                 .
                 They
                 come
                 into
                 the
                 Rivers
                 generally
                 about
                 March
                 and
                 April
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 continue
                 till
                 the
                 cold
                 weather
                 drive
                 them
                 into
                 their
                 Winter
                 quarters
                 again
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 colour
                 this
                 fish
                 is
                 greenish
                 ,
                 or
                 wavy
                 sky-coloured
                 ;
                 his
                 Belly
                 is
                 very
                 white
                 ,
                 but
                 his
                 Back
                 is
                 blackish
                 .
                 This
                 Fish
                 will
                 bite
                 sharply
                 at
                 a
                 small
                 Worm
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 you
                 will
                 trouble
                 your self
                 to
                 catch
                 enough
                 of
                 them
                 you
                 may
                 make
                 an
                 excellent
                 Tansie
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 cutting
                 off
                 their
                 Heads
                 and
                 Tails
                 ,
                 and
                 frying
                 them
                 in
                 Eggs
                 ,
                 saucing
                 them
                 with
                 Butter
                 ,
                 Sugar
                 and
                 Verjuice
                 .
              
               
                 Anglers
                 use
                 to
                 find
                 him
                 oftner
                 then
                 they
                 would
                 :
                 Deep
                 places
                 he
                 seldom
                 frequents
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 a
                 Fish
                 no
                 way
                 curious
                 of
                 his
                 feeding
                 ,
                 for
                 any
                 Bait
                 pleaseth
                 him
                 if
                 he
                 can
                 but
                 swallow
                 it
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 strain
                 hard
                 for
                 what
                 he
                 cannot
                 gorge
                 .
                 The
                 chiefest
                 food
                 he
                 loveth
                 is
                 a
                 small
                 red
                 Worm
                 ,
                 Wasps
                 ,
                 or
                 Cad-baits
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 POPE
                 ,
                 or
                 RUFF
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 Fish
                 with
                 a
                 double
                 name
                 is
                 small
                 ,
                 and
                 seldome
                 grows
                 bigger
                 than
                 Gudgeon
                 ;
                 in
                 shape
                 he
                 is
                 not
                 unlike
                 a
                 Pearch
                 ,
                 but
                 esteemed
                 better
                 food
                 ,
                 being
                 of
                 tast
                 as
                 pleasant
                 and
                 delightful
                 as
                 any
                 fish
                 whatever
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 Ruff
                 frequents
                 the
                 deepest
                 running
                 places
                 in
                 a
                 Gravel
                 River
                 ,
                 the
                 exact
                 bottom
                 of
                 which
                 being
                 found
                 by
                 plumbing
                 ,
                 and
                 your
                 Hooks
                 being
                 baited
                 with
                 small
                 red
                 or
                 brandling
                 Worms
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 I
                 would
                 have
                 you
                 fish
                 with
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 )
                 you
                 will
                 have
                 incomparable
                 sport
                 as
                 long
                 as
                 you
                 desire
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Ruff
                 makes
                 excellent
                 sport
                 with
                 an
                 unexperienced
                 Angler
                 ,
                 for
                 he
                 is
                 a
                 greedy
                 biter
                 ;
                 and
                 they
                 are
                 in
                 great
                 Shoals
                 together
                 where
                 the
                 Water
                 is
                 deep
                 ,
                 smooth
                 ,
                 and
                 calm
                 .
                 If
                 you
                 would
                 catch
                 a
                 good
                 round
                 quantity
                 ,
                 bait
                 your
                 ground
                 with
                 Earth
                 ,
                 and
                 angle
                 for
                 them
                 with
                 a
                 small
                 red
                 Worm
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 PIKE
                 .
              
               
                 THE
                 Pike
                 is
                 a
                 very
                 long-liv'd
                 creature
                 ,
                 and
                 if
                 we
                 may
                 credit
                 Sir
                 
                   Francis
                   Bacon
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Gesner
                 that
                 famous
                 Brutologist
                 ,
                 he
                 outlives
                 all
                 other
                 Fish
                 ;
                 which
                 is
                 pitty
                 ,
                 he
                 being
                 as
                 absolute
                 a
                 Tyrant
                 of
                 the
                 Fresh-waters
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Salmon
                 is
                 ,
                 the
                 King
                 thereof
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 larger
                 the
                 Pike
                 ,
                 the
                 courser
                 the
                 food
                 ,
                 the
                 smaller
                 being
                 ever
                 best
                 ;
                 contrary
                 to
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 Eels
                 ,
                 which
                 improve
                 their
                 goodness
                 by
                 their
                 bulk
                 and
                 age
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 is
                 a
                 melancholick
                 Fish
                 ,
                 because
                 he
                 never
                 swims
                 in
                 Shoals
                 ,
                 but
                 rests
                 himself
                 alone
                 ;
                 and
                 he
                 is
                 as
                 bold
                 as
                 any
                 fish
                 whatever
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 may
                 believe
                 Report
                 ,
                 which
                 informs
                 us
                 a
                 Pike
                 hath
                 been
                 known
                 to
                 fight
                 with
                 an
                 Otter
                 for
                 a
                 Carp
                 he
                 had
                 taken
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 carrying
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Water
                 .
                 Another
                 bit
                 a
                 Mule
                 by
                 the
                 Lip
                 as
                 he
                 was
                 drinking
                 ,
                 and
                 stuck
                 thereunto
                 so
                 fast
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 that
                 means
                 the
                 Owner
                 of
                 the
                 Mule
                 took
                 him
                 .
                 Another
                 bit
                 a
                 Maid
                 by
                 the
                 Foot
                 as
                 she
                 was
                 washing
                 .
                 He
                 will
                 frequently
                 devour
                 his
                 own
                 kind
                 unnaturally
                 ;
                 from
                 whence
                 I
                 suppose
                 he
                 may
                 obtain
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 a
                 Freshwater-wolf
                 .
              
               
               
                 As
                 the
                 Pike
                 is
                 in
                 nature
                 like
                 the
                 Hawk
                 ,
                 a
                 Bird
                 of
                 Prey
                 ,
                 so
                 he
                 is
                 like
                 her
                 in
                 generation
                 ,
                 neither
                 of
                 them
                 breeding
                 but
                 once
                 a
                 year
                 :
                 and
                 when
                 the
                 Pike
                 spawns
                 it
                 is
                 between
                 February
                 and
                 March.
                 The
                 best
                 Pikes
                 are
                 found
                 in
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 the
                 worst
                 in
                 Meres
                 or
                 Ponds
                 .
              
               
                 His
                 common
                 Food
                 is
                 either
                 Pickerel
                 weed
                 ,
                 Frogs
                 ,
                 or
                 what
                 fish
                 he
                 can
                 procure
                 .
                 This
                 Pickerel-weed
                 some
                 say
                 ,
                 both
                 feeds
                 and
                 breeds
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 are
                 two
                 ways
                 of
                 fishing
                 for
                 the
                 Pike
                 ;
                 first
                 by
                 the
                 Ledger
                 ,
                 secondly
                 by
                 the
                 Walking-bait
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Ledger-bait
                 is
                 fix'd
                 in
                 one
                 certain
                 place
                 ,
                 whilst
                 the
                 Angler
                 may
                 be
                 absent
                 ;
                 and
                 this
                 must
                 be
                 a
                 living
                 Bait
                 ,
                 either
                 Fish
                 or
                 Frog
                 .
                 Of
                 Fish
                 the
                 best
                 are
                 a
                 
                   Dace
                   ,
                   Roach
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Pearch
                 :
                 for
                 Frogs
                 ,
                 the
                 yellowest
                 are
                 the
                 best
                 .
                 How
                 to
                 keep
                 them
                 alive
                 on
                 your
                 Hook
                 ,
                 your
                 own
                 ingenuity
                 will
                 inform
                 you
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 you
                 intend
                 to
                 use
                 the
                 Ledger-bait
                 ,
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 a
                 Fish
                 ,
                 stick
                 your
                 Hook
                 through
                 his
                 upper
                 Lip
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 fastning
                 it
                 to
                 a
                 strong
                 Line
                 at
                 least
                 twelve
                 or
                 fourteen
                 yards
                 in
                 length
                 ,
                 tie
                 the
                 other
                 end
                 of
                 the
                 Line
                 either
                 to
                 some
                 Stake
                 in
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 some
                 bough
                 of
                 a
                 Tree
                 near
                 the
                 Pike's
                 usual
                 haunt
                 or
                 where
                 you
                 think
                 't
                 is
                 like
                 he
                 may
                 come
                 .
                 Then
                 winde
                 your
                 Line
                 on
                 a
                 sorked
                 stick
                 ,
                 (
                 big
                 enough
                 to
                 keep
                 the
                 bait
                 from
                 drawing
                 it
                 under
                 water
                 )
                 all
                 except
                 about
                 half
                 yard
                 or
                 somewhat
                 more
                 ;
                 and
                 your
                 stick
                 having
                 a
                 small
                 celft
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 ,
                 fasten
                 your
                 Line
                 therein
                 ;
                 but
                 so
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 the
                 Pike
                 comes
                 ,
                 he
                 may
                 easily
                 draw
                 it
                 forth
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 Line
                 enough
                 to
                 go
                 to
                 his
                 hold
                 and
                 pouch
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 your
                 Bait
                 be
                 a
                 Frog
                 ,
                 put
                 the
                 Arming-wyre
                 in
                 at
                 his
                 Mouth
                 ,
                 and
                 out
                 at
                 his
                 Gills
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 with
                 a
                 fine
                 Needle
                 and
                 Silk
                 sow
                 the
                 upper
                 part
                 of
                 his
                 Leg
                 with
                 one
                 stitch
                 onely
                 to
                 your
                 Arming-wyre
                 ,
                 or
                 tie
                 his
                 Leg
                 above
                 the
                 upper
                 joynt
                 to
                 the
                 Wyre
                 ;
                 but
                 as
                 gently
                 as
                 you
                 can
                 ,
                 lest
                 you
                 hurt
                 him
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 have
                 seen
                 excellent
                 sport
                 with
                 living
                 baits
                 tied
                 
                 about
                 the
                 Bodies
                 of
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 couple
                 of
                 Ducks
                 ,
                 driven
                 over
                 a
                 place
                 where
                 store
                 of
                 Pikes
                 have
                 frequented
                 .
                 I
                 have
                 observed
                 the
                 Pike
                 to
                 strike
                 so
                 violently
                 at
                 the
                 living
                 Bait
                 ,
                 that
                 being
                 hung
                 he
                 hath
                 drawn
                 the
                 Duck
                 clear
                 under
                 water
                 .
                 The
                 like
                 may
                 be
                 done
                 with
                 such
                 baits
                 tied
                 to
                 bladders
                 ,
                 suffering
                 them
                 to
                 float
                 down
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 whilst
                 you
                 mind
                 your
                 sport
                 walking
                 on
                 its
                 Banks
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 next
                 way
                 of
                 Angling
                 for
                 a
                 Pike
                 is
                 with
                 a
                 Trowl
                 with
                 a
                 Winch
                 to
                 wind
                 it
                 up
                 withal
                 .
                 As
                 this
                 Fish
                 is
                 very
                 strong
                 ,
                 so
                 must
                 your
                 Tackle
                 ;
                 and
                 your
                 Rod
                 must
                 not
                 be
                 very
                 slender
                 at
                 top
                 ,
                 where
                 must
                 be
                 placed
                 a
                 Ring
                 for
                 your
                 Line
                 to
                 run
                 through
                 .
                 Your
                 Line
                 must
                 be
                 Silk
                 two
                 yards
                 and
                 a
                 quarter
                 next
                 the
                 Hook
                 ,
                 which
                 mast
                 be
                 double
                 ,
                 and
                 strongly
                 armed
                 with
                 a
                 Wyre
                 about
                 seven
                 Inches
                 :
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 your
                 Line
                 may
                 be
                 strong
                 Shoemakers-thread
                 .
                 Upon
                 the
                 shank
                 of
                 the
                 Hook
                 fasten
                 some
                 smooth
                 Lead
                 ;
                 and
                 having
                 placed
                 your
                 Hook
                 in
                 the
                 Mouth
                 of
                 a
                 
                   Minnow
                   ,
                   Dace
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Roach
                 ;
                 with
                 your
                 Lead
                 sink
                 your
                 Bait
                 with
                 his
                 head
                 downward
                 .
                 Having
                 so
                 done
                 ,
                 cast
                 your
                 Bait
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 :
                 if
                 you
                 feel
                 him
                 at
                 the
                 hook
                 ,
                 give
                 him
                 length
                 enough
                 to
                 run
                 away
                 with
                 the
                 Bait
                 and
                 pouch
                 it
                 ;
                 which
                 when
                 you
                 think
                 he
                 hath
                 done
                 ,
                 strike
                 him
                 with
                 a
                 smart
                 jerk
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 continue
                 your
                 sport
                 with
                 him
                 as
                 long
                 as
                 you
                 shall
                 think
                 fit
                 .
                 Take
                 likewise
                 this
                 next
                 Direction
                 from
                 a
                 friend
                 that
                 speaks
                 not
                 much
                 different
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 you
                 intend
                 to
                 Trowl
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 make
                 choice
                 either
                 of
                 
                   Roach
                   ,
                   Dace
                   ,
                   Bleak
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Gudgeon
                 to
                 bait
                 withal
                 ,
                 (
                 but
                 for
                 my
                 own
                 part
                 I
                 always
                 prefer
                 the
                 Guogeon
                 )
                 which
                 you
                 must
                 do
                 thus
                 :
                 put
                 your
                 Arming-wyre
                 in
                 at
                 the
                 Mouth
                 ,
                 and
                 thrusting
                 it
                 along
                 by
                 the
                 Back
                 bring
                 it
                 out
                 again
                 at
                 the
                 Tail
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 faslen
                 it
                 with
                 a
                 Thread
                 Having
                 your
                 Reel
                 in
                 your
                 hand
                 ,
                 and
                 your
                 Line
                 fastned
                 to
                 your
                 hook
                 through
                 a
                 Ring
                 at
                 
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 your
                 Rod
                 ,
                 cast
                 your
                 bait
                 into
                 some
                 likely
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 move
                 it
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 in
                 the
                 water
                 as
                 you
                 walk
                 gently
                 by
                 the
                 River-side
                 :
                 when
                 you
                 have
                 a
                 bite
                 (
                 which
                 you
                 may
                 easily
                 feel
                 ,
                 for
                 he
                 will
                 give
                 a
                 good
                 tug
                 )
                 be
                 sure
                 to
                 give
                 him
                 Line
                 enough
                 .
                 You
                 may
                 let
                 him
                 lie
                 almost
                 a
                 quarter
                 of
                 an
                 hour
                 before
                 you
                 strike
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 have
                 a
                 care
                 you
                 do
                 it
                 not
                 too
                 fiercely
                 ,
                 lest
                 you
                 endanger
                 your
                 Tackle
                 ,
                 and
                 lose
                 the
                 Fish
                 to
                 boot
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 fish
                 at
                 Snap
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 give
                 him
                 leave
                 to
                 run
                 a
                 little
                 ,
                 then
                 strike
                 ,
                 striking
                 the
                 contrary
                 way
                 to
                 which
                 he
                 runneth
                 .
                 For
                 this
                 way
                 of
                 Angling
                 ,
                 a
                 Spring
                 hook
                 is
                 best
                 ;
                 and
                 your
                 Tackle
                 must
                 be
                 much
                 stronger
                 than
                 that
                 for
                 the
                 Trowl
                 ,
                 because
                 you
                 must
                 strike
                 with
                 greater
                 force
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 note
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 large
                 Bait
                 more
                 invites
                 the
                 Pike
                 to
                 bite
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 lesser
                 takes
                 him
                 more
                 infallibly
                 ,
                 either
                 at
                 Snap
                 or
                 Trowl
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 fish
                 with
                 a
                 dead
                 bait
                 for
                 a
                 Pike
                 ,
                 this
                 is
                 a
                 most
                 excellent
                 bait
                 :
                 Take
                 a
                 Minnow
                 ,
                 Frog
                 that
                 is
                 yellow
                 ,
                 Dace
                 ,
                 or
                 Roach
                 ,
                 and
                 having
                 dissolved
                 Gum
                 of
                 Ivy
                 in
                 Oil
                 of
                 Spike
                 ,
                 anoint
                 your
                 baith
                 therewith
                 ,
                 and
                 cast
                 it
                 where
                 Pikes
                 frequent
                 .
                 Having
                 lain
                 a
                 little
                 while
                 at
                 bottom
                 ,
                 draw
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 top
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 up
                 the
                 Stream
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 will
                 quickly
                 perceive
                 a
                 Pike
                 follow
                 it
                 with
                 much
                 eagerness
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Pike
                 will
                 bite
                 at
                 all
                 baits
                 ,
                 excepting
                 the
                 Fly
                 ,
                 and
                 bites
                 best
                 about
                 three
                 in
                 the
                 afternoon
                 in
                 clear
                 water
                 with
                 a
                 gentle
                 gale
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 middle
                 of
                 Summer
                 to
                 the
                 latter
                 end
                 of
                 Autumm
                 ;
                 he
                 then
                 bites
                 best
                 in
                 still
                 places
                 or
                 a
                 gentle
                 Stream
                 :
                 but
                 in
                 Winter
                 he
                 bites
                 all
                 the
                 day
                 long
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 latter
                 end
                 ,
                 and
                 beginning
                 of
                 the
                 Spring
                 ,
                 he
                 bites
                 most
                 eagerly
                 early
                 in
                 the
                 morning
                 ,
                 and
                 late
                 in
                 the
                 evening
              
            
             
               
               
                 Of
                 the
                 PEARCH
                 .
              
               
                 THE
                 Pearch
                 is
                 a
                 fish
                 that
                 is
                 hook-backt
                 ,
                 somewhat
                 bow'd
                 like
                 a
                 Hog
                 ,
                 and
                 armed
                 with
                 stiff
                 Gristles
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 sides
                 with
                 dry
                 thick
                 Scales
                 .
                 He
                 is
                 a
                 bold
                 biter
                 ,
                 which
                 appears
                 by
                 his
                 daring
                 to
                 adventure
                 on
                 one
                 of
                 his
                 own
                 kind
                 with
                 more
                 courage
                 than
                 the
                 Pike
                 by
                 much
                 .
              
               
                 Some
                 say
                 there
                 are
                 two
                 sorts
                 of
                 Pearches
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 salt-water
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 fresh
                 :
                 the
                 first
                 hath
                 but
                 one
                 Fin
                 on
                 his
                 Back
                 ,
                 the
                 latter
                 two
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 more
                 than
                 most
                 Fishes
                 have
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 spawns
                 but
                 once
                 a
                 year
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 in
                 February
                 or
                 March
                 ,
                 and
                 seldome
                 grows
                 longer
                 than
                 two
                 foot
                 .
                 His
                 best
                 time
                 of
                 biting
                 is
                 when
                 the
                 Spring
                 is
                 far
                 spent
                 ,
                 at
                 which
                 time
                 you
                 may
                 take
                 at
                 one
                 standing
                 all
                 that
                 are
                 in
                 one
                 hole
                 ,
                 be
                 they
                 never
                 so
                 many
                 .
              
               
                 His
                 Baits
                 are
                 a
                 Minnow
                 ,
                 or
                 little
                 Frog
                 ;
                 but
                 a
                 Worm
                 called
                 a
                 Brandling
                 is
                 best
                 ,
                 if
                 well
                 scoured
                 .
                 When
                 he
                 bites
                 give
                 him
                 time
                 enough
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 can
                 hardly
                 be
                 too
                 much
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Pearch
                 biteth
                 well
                 all
                 the
                 day
                 long
                 in
                 cool
                 cloudy
                 weather
                 ;
                 but
                 chiefly
                 from
                 eight
                 in
                 the
                 Morning
                 till
                 ten
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 three
                 till
                 almost
                 six
                 .
              
               
                 You
                 may
                 angle
                 for
                 him
                 with
                 Lob-worms
                 well
                 scoured
                 ,
                 Bobs
                 ,
                 Oak-worms
                 ,
                 Gentles
                 ,
                 Colewort-worms
                 ,
                 Minnows
                 ,
                 Dors
                 ,
                 Wasps
                 ,
                 and
                 Cad-baits
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 will
                 not
                 bite
                 at
                 all
                 the
                 seasons
                 of
                 the
                 year
                 ,
                 especially
                 in
                 Winter
                 ,
                 for
                 then
                 he
                 is
                 very
                 abstemious
                 ;
                 yet
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 warm
                 he
                 will
                 bite
                 then
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 the
                 day
                 ;
                 for
                 in
                 Winter
                 all
                 fish
                 bite
                 best
                 about
                 the
                 heat
                 of
                 the
                 day
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 rove
                 for
                 a
                 Pearch
                 with
                 a
                 Minnow
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 of
                 all
                 baits
                 yields
                 the
                 most
                 delightful
                 recreation
                 to
                 the
                 
                 Angler
                 )
                 it
                 must
                 be
                 alive
                 ,
                 sticking
                 your
                 Hook
                 through
                 his
                 upper
                 Lip
                 or
                 back
                 Fin
                 ,
                 and
                 letting
                 him
                 swim
                 about
                 mid-water
                 ,
                 or
                 somewhat
                 lower
                 ;
                 for
                 which
                 purpose
                 you
                 must
                 have
                 an
                 indifferent
                 large
                 Cork
                 with
                 a
                 Quill
                 on
                 your
                 Line
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 always
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 a
                 good
                 strong
                 Silk-Line
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 good
                 Hook
                 arm'd
                 with
                 Wyre
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 if
                 a
                 Pike
                 do
                 come
                 I
                 may
                 be
                 provided
                 for
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 by
                 this
                 means
                 taken
                 several
                 .
                 I
                 use
                 also
                 to
                 carry
                 a
                 Tin-pot
                 of
                 about
                 two
                 quarts
                 or
                 three
                 pints
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 to
                 keep
                 my
                 Minnows
                 or
                 Gudgeons
                 alive
                 :
                 the
                 Lid
                 of
                 the
                 Pot
                 is
                 full
                 of
                 little
                 holes
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 I
                 can
                 give
                 them
                 fresh
                 Water
                 without
                 opening
                 it
                 ;
                 which
                 ought
                 to
                 be
                 about
                 every
                 quarter
                 of
                 an
                 hour
                 ,
                 lest
                 they
                 die
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 take
                 a
                 small
                 Casting-net
                 with
                 you
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 at
                 a
                 cast
                 or
                 two
                 take
                 baits
                 enough
                 to
                 serve
                 you
                 all
                 day
                 without
                 farther
                 trouble
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 you
                 fish
                 with
                 a
                 Frog
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 fasten
                 the
                 Hook
                 through
                 the
                 skin
                 of
                 his
                 Leg
                 towards
                 the
                 upper
                 part
                 thereof
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Pearch
                 is
                 none
                 of
                 the
                 Leather-mouth'd
                 sort
                 of
                 fishes
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 when
                 he
                 bites
                 give
                 him
                 time
                 enough
                 to
                 pouch
                 his
                 bait
                 ,
                 lest
                 when
                 you
                 think
                 all
                 sure
                 ,
                 his
                 hold
                 break
                 out
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 lose
                 your
                 fish
                 and
                 your
                 patience
                 too
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 best
                 place
                 to
                 fish
                 for
                 Pearches
                 is
                 in
                 the
                 turning
                 of
                 the
                 Water
                 ,
                 or
                 Edwing
                 in
                 a
                 good
                 Gravel
                 Scoure
                 ,
                 where
                 you
                 will
                 not
                 fail
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 Ruffs
                 before
                 spoke
                 of
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 that
                 will
                 take
                 a
                 Pearch
                 must
                 first
                 take
                 notice
                 that
                 this
                 fish
                 feeds
                 well
                 ,
                 and
                 bites
                 freely
                 .
                 Let
                 the
                 Angler
                 over-night
                 bait
                 his
                 ground
                 with
                 Lob-worms
                 chopt
                 in
                 pieces
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 morning
                 let
                 him
                 come
                 to
                 the
                 place
                 ,
                 where
                 he
                 must
                 first
                 plumb
                 his
                 ground
                 ,
                 then
                 gage
                 his
                 Line
                 and
                 bait
                 his
                 hook
                 with
                 a
                 red
                 knotted
                 worm
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Minnow
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 better
                 in
                 my
                 opinion
                 :
                 the
                 hook
                 
                 must
                 be
                 put
                 in
                 at
                 the
                 back
                 of
                 the
                 Minnow
                 betwixt
                 the
                 fish
                 and
                 the
                 skin
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Minnow
                 may
                 swim
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 alive
                 ,
                 being
                 buoyed
                 up
                 with
                 a
                 Cork
                 or
                 Quill
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Minnow
                 may
                 have
                 liberty
                 to
                 swim
                 a
                 foot
                 off
                 the
                 ground
                 .
                 Let
                 these
                 directions
                 be
                 carefully
                 observed
                 and
                 followed
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Angler
                 need
                 not
                 fear
                 the
                 frustration
                 of
                 his
                 expectations
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 RUD.
                 
              
               
                 THE
                 Rud
                 hath
                 a
                 forked
                 Tail
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 small
                 of
                 size
                 :
                 some
                 say
                 he
                 is
                 bred
                 of
                 the
                 Roach
                 and
                 Bream
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 found
                 in
                 Ponds
                 ;
                 in
                 some
                 they
                 are
                 in
                 a
                 manner
                 innumerable
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 little
                 less
                 difference
                 between
                 the
                 Rud
                 and
                 Roach
                 ,
                 than
                 there
                 is
                 between
                 the
                 Herring
                 and
                 Pilchard
                 ,
                 their
                 shape
                 being
                 much
                 alike
                 ,
                 onely
                 differing
                 in
                 bulk
                 or
                 bigness
                 .
                 Since
                 the
                 Rud
                 is
                 but
                 a
                 Bastard
                 -
                 Roach
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 speak
                 no
                 more
                 on
                 him
                 ,
                 but
                 discourse
                 of
                 the
                 genuine
                 Roach
                 onely
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 ROACH
                 .
              
               
                 THE
                 Roach
                 is
                 not
                 looked
                 on
                 as
                 any
                 delicate
                 Fish
                 at
                 all
                 ;
                 if
                 there
                 be
                 any
                 thing
                 prizable
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 his
                 Spawn
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Roach
                 is
                 a
                 very
                 silly
                 fish
                 ,
                 being
                 every
                 whit
                 as
                 simple
                 as
                 the
                 Carp
                 is
                 crafty
                 .
                 They
                 are
                 more
                 to
                 be
                 esteemed
                 which
                 are
                 found
                 in
                 Rivers
                 than
                 in
                 Ponds
                 ,
                 although
                 those
                 that
                 breed
                 in
                 the
                 latter
                 are
                 of
                 a
                 much
                 larger
                 size
                 ;
                 yet
                 the
                 Thames
                 below
                 Bridge
                 abounds
                 with
                 very
                 large
                 fat
                 Roach
                 ,
                 such
                 as
                 I
                 may
                 confidently
                 affirm
                 exceed
                 in
                 magnitude
                 all
                 others
                 either
                 in
                 Ponds
                 or
                 Rivers
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 Roach
                 is
                 a
                 Leather-mouth'd-fish
                 ,
                 having
                 his
                 Teeth
                 (
                 as
                 I
                 said
                 before
                 )
                 in
                 his
                 Throat
                 ,
                 as
                 all
                 Leather-mouth'd
                 Fish
                 have
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 April
                 the
                 Cads
                 or
                 Worms
                 are
                 proper
                 Baits
                 to
                 angle
                 for
                 Roaches
                 ;
                 in
                 Summer
                 fish
                 for
                 them
                 with
                 small
                 white
                 Snails
                 or
                 Flies
                 :
                 but
                 note
                 ,
                 they
                 must
                 be
                 under
                 water
                 ,
                 for
                 he
                 will
                 not
                 bite
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 .
                 Or
                 ,
                 take
                 a
                 May-fly
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 a
                 Plumb
                 sink
                 it
                 where
                 you
                 imagine
                 Roaches
                 lie
                 ,
                 whether
                 in
                 deep
                 water
                 ,
                 or
                 near
                 the
                 Posts
                 and
                 Piles
                 either
                 or
                 Bridge
                 or
                 Wear
                 having
                 so
                 done
                 ,
                 do
                 not
                 hastily
                 ,
                 but
                 gently
                 pull
                 your
                 Fly
                 up
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 will
                 see
                 the
                 Roach
                 (
                 if
                 any
                 there
                 )
                 pu
                 sue
                 and
                 take
                 it
                 near
                 the
                 rim
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 lest
                 by
                 flight
                 it
                 should
                 escape
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 Autumn
                 you
                 may
                 fish
                 for
                 them
                 with
                 Paste
                 onely
                 made
                 of
                 the
                 crums
                 of
                 sine
                 White-bread
                 ,
                 moulded
                 with
                 a
                 little
                 water
                 and
                 the
                 labour
                 of
                 your
                 hands
                 into
                 a
                 tough
                 Paste
                 ,
                 colour'd
                 not
                 very
                 deep
                 with
                 Red-Lead
                 ,
                 with
                 which
                 you
                 may
                 mix
                 a
                 little
                 sine
                 Cotten
                 or
                 Lint
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 little
                 Butter
                 ;
                 these
                 last
                 will
                 make
                 it
                 hold
                 on
                 and
                 not
                 wash
                 off
                 your
                 Hook.
                 With
                 which
                 you
                 must
                 fish
                 with
                 much
                 circumspection
                 ,
                 or
                 you
                 lose
                 your
                 bait
                 .
                 In
                 like
                 manner
                 in
                 Winter
                 you
                 may
                 angle
                 for
                 Roach
                 with
                 Paste
                 ;
                 but
                 Gentles
                 are
                 then
                 the
                 better
                 bait
                 .
              
               
                 Take
                 these
                 next
                 Observations
                 experimentally
                 tried
                 by
                 some
                 of
                 us
                 ,
                 viz.
                 There
                 is
                 another
                 excellent
                 bait
                 either
                 so
                 :
                 Winter
                 or
                 Summer
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 this
                 :
                 Take
                 an
                 handful
                 of
                 well
                 dried
                 Malt
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 it
                 into
                 a
                 Dish
                 of
                 Water
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 having
                 grubbed
                 and
                 washed
                 it
                 betwixt
                 our
                 hands
                 till
                 it
                 be
                 clean
                 and
                 free
                 from
                 Husks
                 ,
                 put
                 that
                 water
                 from
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 having
                 put
                 it
                 into
                 a
                 little
                 fresh
                 water
                 ,
                 set
                 it
                 over
                 a
                 gentle
                 Fire
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 it
                 boil
                 till
                 it
                 be
                 pretty
                 fest
                 ;
                 then
                 pour
                 the
                 Water
                 from
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 a
                 sharp
                 Knife
                 ,
                 turning
                 the
                 sprout-end
                 of
                 the
                 Corn
                 upward
                 ,
                 take
                 off
                 the
                 back-part
                 of
                 the
                 Husk
                 with
                 the
                 point
                 of
                 your
                 Knife
                 ,
                 leaving
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 inward
                 
                 Husk
                 on
                 the
                 Corn
                 ,
                 or
                 else
                 you
                 spoil
                 all
                 :
                 then
                 cut
                 off
                 a
                 little
                 of
                 the
                 sprout-end
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 white
                 may
                 appear
                 ,
                 and
                 also
                 a
                 very
                 little
                 of
                 the
                 other
                 end
                 for
                 the
                 Hook
                 to
                 enter
                 .
                 When
                 you
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 this
                 bait
                 ,
                 cast
                 now
                 and
                 then
                 a
                 little
                 of
                 it
                 into
                 the
                 water
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 ,
                 if
                 your
                 Hook
                 be
                 small
                 and
                 good
                 ,
                 you
                 will
                 find
                 it
                 an
                 excellent
                 bait
                 either
                 for
                 Roach
                 or
                 Dace
                 .
              
               
                 Another
                 good
                 bait
                 is
                 the
                 young
                 brood
                 of
                 Wasps
                 or
                 Bees
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 dip
                 their
                 Heads
                 in
                 Blood.
                 So
                 is
                 the
                 thick
                 blood
                 of
                 a
                 Sheep
                 being
                 half
                 dried
                 on
                 a
                 Trencher
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 cut
                 into
                 such
                 small
                 pieces
                 as
                 will
                 best
                 fit
                 your
                 Hook
                 :
                 a
                 little
                 Salt
                 will
                 keep
                 it
                 from
                 turning
                 black
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 it
                 the
                 better
                 .
              
               
                 Or
                 you
                 may
                 take
                 a
                 handful
                 or
                 two
                 of
                 the
                 largest
                 and
                 best
                 Wheat
                 you
                 can
                 get
                 ,
                 boil
                 it
                 in
                 a
                 little
                 Milk
                 till
                 it
                 be
                 soft
                 ,
                 then
                 fry
                 it
                 gently
                 with
                 Honey
                 and
                 a
                 little
                 beaten
                 Saffron
                 dissolved
                 in
                 Milk.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Roach
                 spawns
                 about
                 the
                 middle
                 of
                 May
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 general
                 baits
                 by
                 which
                 he
                 is
                 caught
                 are
                 these
                 :
                 small
                 white
                 Snails
                 ,
                 Bobs
                 ,
                 Cad-baits
                 ,
                 Sheeps
                 blood
                 ,
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Worms
                 ,
                 Gnats
                 ,
                 Wasps
                 ,
                 Paste
                 ,
                 and
                 Cherries
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 way
                 of
                 fishing
                 for
                 Roach
                 at
                 London-Bridge
                 is
                 after
                 this
                 manner
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 Moneths
                 of
                 June
                 ,
                 and
                 July
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 great
                 resort
                 of
                 those
                 Fish
                 to
                 that
                 place
                 ,
                 where
                 those
                 that
                 make
                 a
                 trade
                 of
                 it
                 take
                 a
                 strong
                 Cord
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 whereof
                 is
                 fastned
                 a
                 three-pound
                 weight
                 ;
                 a
                 foot
                 above
                 the
                 Lead
                 they
                 fasten
                 a
                 Packthread
                 of
                 twelve
                 foot
                 long
                 to
                 the
                 Cord
                 ,
                 and
                 unto
                 the
                 Packthread
                 at
                 convenient
                 distances
                 they
                 add
                 a
                 dozen
                 strong
                 Links
                 of
                 Hair
                 with
                 Roach-Hooks
                 at
                 them
                 ,
                 baited
                 with
                 a
                 white
                 Snail
                 of
                 Perriwinkle
                 ;
                 then
                 holding
                 the
                 Cord
                 in
                 their
                 Hands
                 ,
                 the
                 biting
                 of
                 the
                 Fish
                 draweth
                 the
                 Packthread
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Packthread
                 the
                 Cord
                 ,
                 which
                 admonisheth
                 them
                 them
                 what
                 to
                 do
                 :
                 whereby
                 sometimes
                 they
                 draw
                 up
                 half
                 a
                 dozen
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 less
                 ,
                 but
                 commonly
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 at
                 one
                 draught
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 Of
                 the
                 STICKLEBAG
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 fish
                 is
                 small
                 ,
                 prickly
                 ,
                 and
                 without
                 Scales
                 and
                 not
                 worth
                 the
                 consideration
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 he
                 is
                 an
                 excellent
                 bait
                 for
                 Trouts
                 ,
                 especially
                 if
                 his
                 Tail
                 on
                 the
                 Hook
                 be
                 turned
                 round
                 ,
                 at
                 which
                 a
                 Trout
                 will
                 bite
                 more
                 eagerly
                 than
                 at
                 
                   Penk
                   ,
                   Roach
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Minnow
                 .
                 The
                 Loach
                 is
                 every
                 whit
                 as
                 good
                 a
                 bait
                 as
                 the
                 Sticklebag
                 ,
                 provided
                 you
                 place
                 either
                 aright
                 on
                 the
                 Hook.
                 To
                 the
                 intent
                 you
                 may
                 do
                 it
                 ,
                 take
                 this
                 observation
                 :
                 the
                 nimble
                 turning
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Penk
                   ,
                   Minnow
                   ,
                   Loach
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Sticklebag
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 perfection
                 of
                 that
                 sort
                 of
                 fishing
                 .
                 That
                 you
                 may
                 attain
                 thereunto
                 ,
                 note
                 ,
                 that
                 you
                 must
                 put
                 your
                 Hook
                 into
                 the
                 Mouth
                 of
                 any
                 the
                 aforesaid
                 Baits
                 ,
                 and
                 out
                 at
                 his
                 Tail
                 tying
                 him
                 fast
                 with
                 white
                 thread
                 a
                 little
                 above
                 it
                 ,
                 in
                 such
                 manner
                 that
                 he
                 may
                 turn
                 :
                 after
                 this
                 sow
                 up
                 his
                 mouth
                 ,
                 and
                 your
                 design
                 is
                 accomplished
                 .
                 This
                 way
                 of
                 baiting
                 is
                 very
                 tempting
                 for
                 large
                 Trouts
                 ,
                 and
                 seldome
                 fails
                 the
                 Angler's
                 expectation
                 .
                 This
                 fish
                 in
                 some
                 places
                 is
                 called
                 a
                 Banstickle
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 SALMON
                 .
              
               
                 THE
                 Salmons
                 evermore
                 breed
                 in
                 Rivers
                 that
                 are
                 not
                 brackish
                 ,
                 yet
                 discharge
                 themselves
                 into
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 and
                 spawn
                 commonly
                 in
                 August
                 ,
                 which
                 become
                 Samlets
                 in
                 the
                 Spring
                 following
                 .
                 The
                 Melter
                 and
                 Spawner
                 having
                 both
                 performed
                 their
                 natural
                 duty
                 ,
                 they
                 then
                 betake
                 themselves
                 to
                 the
                 Sea.
                 I
                 have
                 known
                 that
                 when
                 they
                 have
                 been
                 obstructed
                 in
                 their
                 passage
                 ,
                 they
                 have
                 grown
                 so
                 impatient
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 clapping
                 their
                 Tails
                 to
                 their
                 Mouths
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 sudden
                 spring
                 they
                 have
                 leapt
                 clear
                 over
                 Wear
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 obstacle
                 
                 which
                 stood
                 in
                 their
                 way
                 :
                 Some
                 having
                 leapt
                 short
                 ,
                 have
                 been
                 taken
                 by
                 that
                 means
                 .
                 If
                 they
                 are
                 so
                 obstructed
                 that
                 they
                 cannot
                 find
                 their
                 way
                 to
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 they
                 become
                 sick
                 ,
                 lean
                 ,
                 and
                 pine
                 away
                 ,
                 and
                 die
                 in
                 two
                 years
                 .
                 If
                 they
                 spawn
                 in
                 the
                 mean
                 time
                 ,
                 from
                 thence
                 proceeds
                 a
                 small
                 Salmon
                 called
                 a
                 Skegger
                 ,
                 which
                 will
                 never
                 grow
                 great
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 the
                 Sea
                 that
                 makes
                 them
                 grow
                 big
                 ;
                 but
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 fresh
                 Rivers
                 that
                 makes
                 them
                 grow
                 fat
                 ;
                 and
                 so
                 much
                 the
                 farther
                 they
                 are
                 from
                 the
                 Sea
                 up
                 in
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 the
                 fatter
                 they
                 grow
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 better
                 their
                 food
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 a
                 Samlet
                 (
                 which
                 is
                 but
                 little
                 bigger
                 than
                 a
                 Minnow
                 )
                 he
                 grows
                 to
                 be
                 a
                 Salmon
                 in
                 as
                 short
                 time
                 as
                 a
                 Goslin
                 will
                 grow
                 to
                 be
                 a
                 Goose.
                 
              
               
                 A
                 Salmon
                 biteth
                 best
                 at
                 three
                 of
                 the
                 clock
                 in
                 the
                 Afternoon
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Moneths
                 of
                 
                   May
                   ,
                   June
                   ,
                   July
                
                 ,
                 and
                 August
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 water
                 be
                 clear
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 little
                 breeze
                 of
                 Wind
                 stirring
                 ,
                 especially
                 if
                 the
                 Wind
                 bloweth
                 against
                 the
                 Stream
                 ,
                 and
                 near
                 the
                 Sea.
                 
              
               
                 Where
                 note
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 hath
                 not
                 his
                 constant
                 residence
                 ,
                 like
                 a
                 Trout
                 ,
                 but
                 removes
                 often
                 ,
                 coveting
                 to
                 be
                 as
                 near
                 the
                 Spring-head
                 as
                 he
                 may
                 ,
                 swimming
                 generally
                 in
                 the
                 deepest
                 and
                 broadest
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 near
                 the
                 ground
                 ;
                 and
                 he
                 is
                 caught
                 like
                 a
                 Trout
                 ,
                 with
                 Worm
                 ,
                 Fly
                 ,
                 or
                 Minnow
                 .
                 The
                 Garden-worm
                 is
                 an
                 Excellent
                 bait
                 for
                 the
                 Salmon
                 ,
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 well
                 scoured
                 ,
                 and
                 kept
                 in
                 Moss
                 about
                 twenty
                 days
                 ,
                 after
                 which
                 time
                 those
                 Worms
                 will
                 be
                 very
                 clear
                 ,
                 tough
                 and
                 lively
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 a
                 way
                 of
                 fishing
                 for
                 Salmon
                 with
                 a
                 Ring
                 of
                 Wyre
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Rod
                 ,
                 through
                 which
                 the
                 Line
                 may
                 run
                 to
                 what
                 length
                 is
                 thought
                 convenient
                 ,
                 having
                 a
                 Wheel
                 also
                 near
                 the
                 hand
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 have
                 been
                 told
                 that
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 bait
                 more
                 attractive
                 of
                 and
                 eagerly
                 pursued
                 by
                 the
                 Salmon
                 and
                 most
                 other
                 fish
                 ,
                 than
                 Lob-worms
                 scented
                 with
                 the
                 Oil
                 of
                 Ivy-berries
                 ,
                 
                 or
                 the
                 Oil
                 of
                 Polypodie
                 of
                 the
                 Oak
                 mixt
                 with
                 Turpentine
                 ;
                 nay
                 ,
                 
                   Assa
                   Foetida
                
                 they
                 say
                 is
                 incomparably
                 good
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Artificial
                 Fly
                 is
                 a
                 good
                 bait
                 for
                 a
                 Salmon
                 ;
                 but
                 you
                 must
                 then
                 use
                 a
                 Trowl
                 as
                 for
                 the
                 Pike
                 ,
                 he
                 being
                 a
                 strong
                 fish
                 .
                 As
                 the
                 Salmon
                 is
                 a
                 large
                 fish
                 ,
                 to
                 must
                 your
                 Flies
                 be
                 larger
                 than
                 for
                 any
                 other
                 ,
                 with
                 Wings
                 and
                 Tails
                 very
                 long
                 .
              
               
                 You
                 shall
                 observe
                 ,
                 when
                 you
                 strike
                 him
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 will
                 plunge
                 and
                 bounce
                 ,
                 but
                 doth
                 not
                 usually
                 endeavour
                 to
                 run
                 to
                 the
                 length
                 of
                 the
                 Line
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Trout
                 will
                 do
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 there
                 is
                 less
                 danger
                 of
                 breaking
                 your
                 Line
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 will
                 angle
                 for
                 Salmon
                 at
                 ground
                 ,
                 then
                 take
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 Garden-worms
                 well
                 scoured
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 them
                 on
                 your
                 Hook
                 at
                 once
                 ,
                 and
                 fish
                 with
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 manner
                 as
                 you
                 do
                 for
                 Trouts
                 .
              
               
                 Be
                 sure
                 to
                 give
                 the
                 Salmon
                 (
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 all
                 other
                 fish
                 )
                 time
                 to
                 go
                 gorge
                 the
                 Bait
                 ,
                 and
                 be
                 not
                 over-hasty
                 ,
                 unless
                 your
                 bait
                 be
                 so
                 tender
                 it
                 will
                 not
                 endure
                 nibbling
                 at
                 .
                 Much
                 more
                 may
                 be
                 said
                 of
                 Salmon-fishing
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 shall
                 pass
                 by
                 ,
                 leaving
                 the
                 rest
                 to
                 your
                 own
                 practice
                 and
                 observation
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 TENCH
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 Shall
                 now
                 discover
                 an
                 approved
                 way
                 how
                 to
                 take
                 Tench
                 and
                 Carp
                 in
                 a
                 muddy
                 Pond
                 :
                 but
                 know
                 ,
                 I
                 do
                 not
                 make
                 publick
                 this
                 following
                 Secret
                 ,
                 to
                 teach
                 Knaves
                 how
                 to
                 rob
                 Gentlemens
                 Ponds
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 the
                 proper
                 Owners
                 may
                 be
                 able
                 upon
                 cases
                 of
                 necessity
                 to
                 supply
                 themselves
                 with
                 Fish
                 ,
                 without
                 being
                 put
                 to
                 so
                 much
                 trouble
                 and
                 charge
                 as
                 to
                 sue
                 their
                 Ponds
                 .
                 But
                 to
                 the
                 purpose
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 first
                 place
                 you
                 must
                 provide
                 your self
                 with
                 a
                 very
                 good
                 large
                 Casting-net
                 ,
                 well
                 
                 leaded
                 ;
                 let
                 not
                 the
                 Meshes
                 from
                 the
                 Crown
                 to
                 a
                 full
                 yard
                 and
                 a
                 half
                 be
                 too
                 small
                 ;
                 for
                 then
                 if
                 the
                 Pond
                 be
                 any
                 thing
                 of
                 a
                 depth
                 ,
                 the
                 fish
                 will
                 strike
                 away
                 before
                 the
                 Net
                 comes
                 to
                 the
                 ground
                 :
                 the
                 whole
                 Net
                 ought
                 to
                 have
                 a
                 large
                 Mesh
                 ,
                 well
                 leaded
                 ,
                 and
                 deep
                 Tucked
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 second
                 thing
                 to
                 be
                 done
                 is
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 the
                 place
                 clean
                 from
                 Stakes
                 and
                 Bushes
                 ,
                 and
                 try
                 with
                 the
                 Net
                 before
                 you
                 intend
                 for
                 the
                 sport
                 :
                 if
                 your
                 Net
                 happen
                 to
                 hang
                 ,
                 then
                 all
                 your
                 pains
                 will
                 prove
                 ineffectual
                 ;
                 therefore
                 you
                 must
                 be
                 sure
                 before
                 you
                 cast
                 in
                 your
                 Net
                 that
                 you
                 clear
                 and
                 cleanse
                 the
                 place
                 very
                 well
                 twice
                 or
                 thrice
                 with
                 a
                 Rake
                 .
                 Then
                 take
                 a
                 quarter
                 of
                 a
                 peck
                 of
                 Wheat
                 ,
                 baking
                 it
                 well
                 in
                 an
                 Oven
                 ,
                 putting
                 in
                 near
                 three
                 quarts
                 of
                 Water
                 ;
                 when
                 it
                 is
                 well
                 baked
                 ,
                 take
                 five
                 pints
                 of
                 Blood
                 ,
                 and
                 incorporate
                 the
                 Wheat
                 and
                 Blood
                 together
                 ,
                 adding
                 thereto
                 as
                 much
                 Bran
                 as
                 is
                 sufficient
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 Paste
                 thereof
                 :
                 and
                 that
                 it
                 may
                 the
                 better
                 hold
                 together
                 ,
                 put
                 some
                 (
                 lay
                 to
                 it
                 ;
                 after
                 this
                 ,
                 knead
                 it
                 well
                 together
                 with
                 a
                 quart
                 of
                 Lob
                 worms
                 chopt
                 in
                 pieces
                 ,
                 and
                 worked
                 into
                 Paste
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 :
                 then
                 roll
                 it
                 into
                 balls
                 as
                 big
                 as
                 a
                 Goose-egg
                 ,
                 and
                 throw
                 it
                 into
                 the
                 Pond
                 within
                 the
                 circumference
                 of
                 your
                 Casting-net
                 ;
                 and
                 between
                 whiles
                 throw
                 in
                 some
                 Grains
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 you
                 think
                 the
                 fish
                 have
                 found
                 out
                 the
                 Baiting-place
                 ,
                 then
                 come
                 in
                 the
                 close
                 of
                 the
                 Evening
                 (
                 having
                 baited
                 very
                 early
                 in
                 the
                 Morning
                 )
                 and
                 cast
                 your
                 Net
                 over
                 the
                 baited-place
                 :
                 then
                 take
                 a
                 long
                 pole
                 with
                 a
                 large
                 Fork
                 made
                 for
                 the
                 purpose
                 ,
                 and
                 stir
                 all
                 about
                 the
                 Net
                 ;
                 for
                 the
                 Carps
                 and
                 Tench
                 are
                 struck
                 up
                 beyond
                 their
                 Eyes
                 in
                 Mud
                 ,
                 and
                 stand
                 exactly
                 upon
                 their
                 Heads
                 :
                 let
                 the
                 Net
                 lie
                 near
                 an
                 half
                 hour
                 ,
                 still
                 stirring
                 with
                 your
                 Pole
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 place
                 be
                 not
                 too
                 deep
                 :
                 when
                 you
                 have
                 covered
                 the
                 Fish
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 go
                 into
                 the
                 Pond
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 them
                 out
                 with
                 your
                 hands
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 the
                 water
                 be
                 deep
                 ,
                 when
                 you
                 find
                 the
                 Carps
                 begin
                 to
                 stir
                 ,
                 
                 (
                 for
                 they
                 cannot
                 stand
                 long
                 on
                 their
                 heads
                 in
                 the
                 Mud
                 )
                 then
                 lift
                 up
                 the
                 Crown
                 of
                 your
                 Net
                 bolt
                 upright
                 with
                 a
                 long
                 Staff
                 ,
                 that
                 so
                 the
                 fish
                 may
                 play
                 into
                 the
                 Tuck
                 of
                 the
                 Net.
                 
              
               
                 Here
                 note
                 ,
                 that
                 should
                 you
                 draw
                 up
                 your
                 Net
                 suddenly
                 after
                 you
                 have
                 cast
                 it
                 in
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 an
                 hundred
                 pound
                 to
                 a
                 penny
                 whether
                 you
                 should
                 take
                 one
                 Carp
                 or
                 Tench
                 ;
                 but
                 letting
                 the
                 Net
                 lie
                 ,
                 the
                 Mud
                 will
                 choak
                 them
                 if
                 they
                 remove
                 not
                 out
                 of
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 here
                 I
                 cannot
                 omit
                 a
                 very
                 pleasant
                 story
                 in
                 my
                 opinion
                 :
                 A
                 Gentleman
                 having
                 special
                 Carps
                 in
                 his
                 pond
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 knowing
                 how
                 to
                 take
                 one
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 unless
                 it
                 were
                 by
                 chance
                 with
                 Hook
                 and
                 Line
                 ;
                 I
                 desired
                 him
                 that
                 we
                 might
                 taste
                 of
                 his
                 Carps
                 ,
                 and
                 modestly
                 told
                 him
                 ,
                 a
                 brace
                 of
                 them
                 would
                 serve
                 our
                 turns
                 :
                 He
                 answered
                 ,
                 I
                 might
                 freely
                 have
                 them
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 knew
                 how
                 to
                 catch
                 them
                 .
                 Hereupon
                 I
                 prepared
                 some
                 ingredients
                 ,
                 and
                 having
                 baited
                 a
                 convenient
                 place
                 very
                 early
                 in
                 the
                 Morning
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 dusk
                 of
                 the
                 Evening
                 we
                 came
                 with
                 a
                 Casting-net
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 first
                 throw
                 covered
                 a
                 great
                 quantity
                 of
                 fish
                 ,
                 as
                 hereafter
                 will
                 appear
                 ;
                 but
                 not
                 one
                 seem'd
                 to
                 stir
                 a
                 jot
                 under
                 the
                 Net
                 ,
                 being
                 all
                 struck
                 into
                 the
                 Mud.
                 Hereupon
                 the
                 Gentleman
                 fell
                 a
                 laughing
                 heartily
                 ,
                 saying
                 ,
                 
                   Sir
                   ,
                   If
                   I
                   had
                   no
                   other
                   provision
                   to
                   trust
                   to
                   but
                   what
                   fish
                   you
                   shall
                   catch
                   this
                   night
                   ,
                   I
                   believe
                   I
                   shall
                   go
                   supperless
                   to
                   Bed.
                
                 Hearing
                 him
                 say
                 so
                 ,
                 I
                 desired
                 that
                 he
                 would
                 have
                 a
                 little
                 patience
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 fish
                 were
                 asleep
                 ,
                 and
                 I
                 was
                 as
                 yet
                 loath
                 to
                 disturb
                 them
                 ;
                 but
                 half
                 an
                 hour
                 hence
                 ,
                 if
                 he
                 would
                 stay
                 so
                 long
                 ,
                 I
                 should
                 make
                 bold
                 to
                 awake
                 them
                 with
                 a
                 witness
                 :
                 So
                 the
                 Gentleman
                 having
                 smoaked
                 a
                 pipe
                 of
                 Tobacco
                 a
                 Carp
                 began
                 to
                 play
                 in
                 the
                 Net
                 ;
                 and
                 after
                 this
                 in
                 a
                 very
                 little
                 time
                 a
                 great
                 many
                 more
                 began
                 to
                 dance
                 and
                 skip
                 :
                 whereupon
                 I
                 lifted
                 up
                 the
                 Crown
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 play
                 in
                 the
                 Tuck
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 I
                 thought
                 they
                 were
                 all
                 got
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Mud
                 I
                 began
                 to
                 draw
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 at
                 one
                 draught
                 drew
                 up
                 in
                 the
                 Net
                 Seventy
                 odd
                 Carps
                 ,
                 great
                 and
                 small
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 admiration
                 and
                 great
                 satisfaction
                 of
                 the
                 Owner
                 and
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 the
                 company
                 ,
                 having
                 in
                 all
                 their
                 life-time
                 not
                 seen
                 the
                 like
                 before
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Tench
                 hath
                 but
                 small
                 Scales
                 ,
                 (
                 and
                 they
                 smooth
                 )
                 yet
                 very
                 large
                 Fins
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 red
                 Circle
                 about
                 his
                 Eyes
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 little
                 Barb
                 hanging
                 at
                 each
                 corner
                 of
                 his
                 Mouth
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Slime
                 of
                 a
                 Tench
                 is
                 very
                 medicinal
                 to
                 wounded
                 Fishes
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 he
                 is
                 commonly
                 called
                 the
                 
                   Fishes
                   Physitian
                
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Pike
                 is
                 so
                 sensible
                 of
                 his
                 vertue
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 will
                 not
                 injure
                 the
                 Tench
                 ,
                 though
                 he
                 will
                 seize
                 on
                 any
                 other
                 fish
                 of
                 his
                 size
                 that
                 comes
                 in
                 his
                 way
                 :
                 And
                 when
                 the
                 Pike
                 is
                 sick
                 or
                 hurt
                 ,
                 he
                 applies
                 himself
                 to
                 the
                 Tench
                 ,
                 and
                 finds
                 cure
                 by
                 rubbing
                 himself
                 against
                 him
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Tench
                 hath
                 a
                 greater
                 love
                 for
                 Ponds
                 than
                 clear
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 and
                 delights
                 himself
                 amongst
                 Weeds
                 ,
                 and
                 loves
                 to
                 feed
                 in
                 very
                 foul
                 Water
                 ;
                 and
                 yet
                 his
                 food
                 is
                 nourishing
                 and
                 pleasant
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 time
                 of
                 Angling
                 for
                 him
                 is
                 early
                 and
                 late
                 ,
                 both
                 morning
                 and
                 evening
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 moneths
                 of
                 
                   June
                   ,
                   July
                
                 and
                 August
                 ,
                 or
                 all
                 night
                 in
                 the
                 still
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 is
                 a
                 great
                 lover
                 of
                 large
                 red
                 Worms
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 bite
                 most
                 eagerly
                 at
                 them
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 first
                 dip
                 them
                 in
                 Tar.
                 The
                 Tench
                 loves
                 also
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Paste
                 made
                 up
                 with
                 strong-sented
                 Oyls
                 ,
                 or
                 with
                 Tar
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Paste
                 made
                 of
                 brown
                 Bread
                 and
                 Honey
                 .
                 He
                 will
                 bite
                 also
                 at
                 a
                 Cad-worm
                 ,
                 a
                 Lob
                 worm
                 ,
                 a
                 Flag-worm
                 ,
                 green
                 Gentle
                 ,
                 Cad-bait
                 ,
                 Marsh-worm
                 ,
                 or
                 soft
                 boyled
                 Bread-grain
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                
                 TORCOTH
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Torcoth
                 is
                 a
                 fish
                 having
                 a
                 red
                 Belly
                 ,
                 but
                 of
                 what
                 estimation
                 I
                 know
                 not
                 ;
                 for
                 that
                 ,
                 let
                 the
                 Welshmen
                 speak
                 ,
                 who
                 best
                 know
                 him
                 :
                 for
                 as
                 I
                 have
                 heard
                 he
                 is
                 only
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 in
                 the
                 Pool
                 Lin-peris
                 in
                 Carnarvanshire
                 .
                 I
                 only
                 name
                 him
                 that
                 you
                 may
                 know
                 there
                 is
                 such
                 a
                 fish
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                
                 TROUT
                 .
              
               
                 IT
                 is
                 observed
                 that
                 the
                 Trout
                 comes
                 in
                 and
                 goes
                 out
                 of
                 season
                 with
                 the
                 Stag
                 and
                 Buck
                 ,
                 and
                 Spawns
                 about
                 October
                 or
                 November
                 :
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 more
                 to
                 be
                 wondred
                 at
                 ,
                 because
                 most
                 other
                 fish
                 Spawn
                 in
                 warm
                 weather
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Sun
                 by
                 his
                 heat
                 hath
                 adapted
                 the
                 Earth
                 and
                 Water
                 making
                 them
                 fit
                 for
                 generation
                 .
              
               
                 All
                 the
                 Winter
                 ,
                 the
                 Trout
                 is
                 Sick
                 ,
                 Lean
                 and
                 unwholsome
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 shall
                 frequently
                 then
                 find
                 him
                 Louzy
                 .
                 These
                 Trout-lice
                 are
                 a
                 small
                 Worm
                 with
                 a
                 big
                 Head
                 sticking
                 close
                 to
                 his
                 sides
                 ,
                 and
                 sucking
                 moisture
                 from
                 him
                 that
                 gave
                 them
                 being
                 :
                 and
                 he
                 is
                 not
                 freed
                 from
                 them
                 till
                 the
                 Spring
                 or
                 the
                 begining
                 of
                 Summer
                 ,
                 at
                 which
                 time
                 his
                 strength
                 increaseth
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 he
                 deserteth
                 the
                 still
                 deep
                 waters
                 ,
                 and
                 betakes
                 himself
                 to
                 gravelly
                 ground
                 ,
                 against
                 which
                 he
                 never
                 leaves
                 rubing
                 till
                 he
                 hath
                 cleansed
                 himself
                 of
                 his
                 Louziness
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 he
                 delights
                 to
                 be
                 in
                 the
                 sharp
                 Streams
                 and
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 swift
                 ,
                 where
                 he
                 will
                 lie
                 in
                 wait
                 for
                 Minnows
                 and
                 May-flies
                 ;
                 at
                 the
                 latter
                 end
                 of
                 which
                 month
                 he
                 is
                 in
                 his
                 prime
                 ,
                 being
                 better
                 and
                 fatter
                 in
                 that
                 Month
                 ,
                 especially
                 at
                 the
                 latter
                 end
                 thereof
                 ,
                 than
                 in
                 any
                 other
                 throughout
                 the
                 whole
                 year
                 .
              
               
               
                 There
                 are
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 Trouts
                 highly
                 prizable
                 ;
                 as
                 the
                 Fordidge-Trout
                 ,
                 the
                 Amerly-Trout
                 ,
                 the
                 Bull-Trout
                 in
                 Northumberland
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 more
                 which
                 I
                 shall
                 forbear
                 to
                 mention
                 ,
                 but
                 only
                 tell
                 you
                 what
                 is
                 generally
                 observed
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 red
                 and
                 yellow
                 Trouts
                 are
                 the
                 best
                 ,
                 and
                 as'to
                 the
                 Sex
                 ,
                 the
                 Female
                 is
                 the
                 best
                 ,
                 having
                 a
                 less
                 head
                 and
                 a
                 deeper
                 body
                 then
                 the
                 Male.
                 By
                 their
                 Hog-back
                 you
                 shall
                 know
                 that
                 they
                 are
                 in
                 season
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 like
                 note
                 for
                 all
                 other
                 fish
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Trout
                 is
                 usually
                 caught
                 with
                 a
                 Worm
                 ,
                 Minnow
                 or
                 Fly
                 natural
                 or
                 artificial
                 .
                 There
                 are
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 Worms
                 which
                 are
                 baits
                 for
                 the
                 Angler
                 ;
                 the
                 Earth-worm
                 ,
                 the
                 Dug-worm
                 ,
                 the
                 Maggot
                 or
                 Gentle
                 ;
                 but
                 for
                 the
                 Trout
                 ,
                 the
                 Lob-worm
                 and
                 Brandling
                 are
                 the
                 best
                 ,
                 or
                 Squirril-tail
                 ,
                 having
                 a
                 red
                 head
                 ,
                 streakt
                 down
                 the
                 back
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 broad
                 Tail.
                 The
                 Brandling
                 is
                 found
                 commonly
                 in
                 an
                 old
                 Dung-hill
                 ,
                 Cow-dung
                 ,
                 Hogs-dung
                 ,
                 or
                 Tanners-bark
                 .
                 Here
                 note
                 ,
                 that
                 whatever
                 Worms
                 you
                 fish
                 withal
                 are
                 the
                 better
                 for
                 keeping
                 ;
                 which
                 must
                 be
                 in
                 an
                 Earthen
                 pot
                 with
                 Moss
                 ,
                 which
                 you
                 must
                 change
                 often
                 in
                 Summer
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 once
                 in
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 daies
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 twice
                 as
                 long
                 time
                 in
                 Winter
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 you
                 fish
                 for
                 a
                 Trout
                 by
                 hand
                 on
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 take
                 a
                 Lob-worm
                 and
                 clap
                 your
                 Hook
                 into
                 him
                 a
                 little
                 above
                 the
                 middle
                 ,
                 and
                 out
                 again
                 a
                 little
                 below
                 the
                 same
                 ;
                 then
                 draw
                 your
                 Worm
                 above
                 the
                 arming
                 of
                 your
                 Hook
                 ,
                 making
                 your
                 first
                 entrance
                 at
                 the
                 Tail
                 end
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 point
                 of
                 the
                 Hook
                 may
                 come
                 out
                 at
                 the
                 Head-end
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 you
                 fish
                 with
                 a
                 Minnow
                 ,
                 take
                 the
                 whitest
                 and
                 middle-sized
                 ,
                 for
                 those
                 are
                 the
                 best
                 ,
                 and
                 place
                 him
                 so
                 on
                 your
                 Hook
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 may
                 turn
                 round
                 when
                 he
                 is
                 drawn
                 against
                 the
                 Stream
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 best
                 Instructions
                 (
                 for
                 putting
                 the
                 Minnow
                 on
                 the
                 Hook
                 )
                 which
                 I
                 can
                 lay
                 down
                 are
                 these
                 :
                 Put
                 your
                 
                 Hook
                 in
                 at
                 his
                 Mouth
                 and
                 out
                 at
                 his
                 Gill
                 ,
                 drawing
                 it
                 through
                 about
                 three
                 Inches
                 ;
                 then
                 put
                 the
                 Hook
                 again
                 into
                 his
                 Mouth
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 the
                 point
                 and
                 beard
                 come
                 out
                 at
                 his
                 Tail
                 ;
                 then
                 the
                 Hook
                 and
                 his
                 Tail
                 you
                 must
                 tie
                 about
                 with
                 a
                 fine
                 white
                 Thread
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 the
                 body
                 of
                 the
                 Minnow
                 be
                 almost
                 straight
                 on
                 the
                 Hook
                 :
                 then
                 try
                 against
                 the
                 Stream
                 whether
                 it
                 will
                 turn
                 ;
                 where
                 note
                 ,
                 it
                 cannot
                 turn
                 too
                 fast
                 .
                 If
                 you
                 want
                 a
                 Minnow
                 ,
                 a
                 small
                 Loach
                 or
                 Sticklebag
                 will
                 serve
                 the
                 turn
                 :
                 if
                 none
                 of
                 these
                 can
                 be
                 gotten
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 in
                 their
                 season
                 have
                 an
                 Artificial
                 one
                 made
                 of
                 Cloath
                 by
                 one
                 that
                 is
                 living
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 have
                 found
                 to
                 be
                 every
                 whit
                 as
                 good
                 a
                 Bait
                 as
                 what
                 are
                 natural
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 fish
                 with
                 a
                 Natural
                 or
                 Artificial
                 Fly
                 ,
                 then
                 follow
                 such
                 directions
                 as
                 I
                 have
                 already
                 prescribed
                 in
                 a
                 foregoing
                 Chapter
                 ,
                 which
                 particularly
                 discourses
                 of
                 Flies
                 Natural
                 and
                 Artificial
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 UMBER
                 .
              
               
                 IT
                 is
                 the
                 opinion
                 some
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Umber
                 and
                 Grailing
                 differ
                 onely
                 in
                 Names
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 of
                 a
                 Trout-kind
                 ,
                 but
                 seldom
                 grow
                 to
                 the
                 bigness
                 of
                 a
                 Trout
                 ,
                 I
                 having
                 never
                 seen
                 nor
                 heard
                 any
                 exceed
                 the
                 length
                 of
                 eighteen
                 Inches
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 frequents
                 such
                 Rivers
                 as
                 the
                 Trouts
                 do
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 taken
                 with
                 the
                 same
                 Baits
                 ,
                 especially
                 the
                 Fly
                 ;
                 and
                 ;
                 being
                 a
                 simple
                 Fish
                 ,
                 is
                 more
                 bold
                 than
                 the
                 Trout
                 is
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Winter
                 he
                 absconds
                 himself
                 ,
                 but
                 after
                 April
                 he
                 appears
                 abroad
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 very
                 gamesome
                 and
                 pleasant
                 .
                 He
                 is
                 very
                 tender-mouth'd
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 quickly
                 lost
                 after
                 he
                 is
                 struck
                 .
                 For
                 what
                 more
                 may
                 be
                 said
                 ,
                 I
                 refer
                 you
                 to
                 the
                 Chapter
                 of
                 the
                 Grailing
                 .
              
               
               
                 THus
                 have
                 I
                 given
                 you
                 an
                 Alphabetical
                 and
                 summary
                 account
                 of
                 the
                 Nature
                 of
                 Fish
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 several
                 ways
                 to
                 take
                 them
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 ancient
                 and
                 modern
                 experience
                 :
                 I
                 shall
                 onely
                 give
                 you
                 more
                 a
                 short
                 discovery
                 of
                 their
                 Haunts
                 ;
                 and
                 so
                 I
                 shall
                 conclude
                 this
                 Treatise
                 .
              
               
                 Next
                 to
                 the
                 Art
                 of
                 taking
                 Fish
                 ,
                 the
                 knowledge
                 of
                 their
                 Haunts
                 and
                 proper
                 places
                 to
                 find
                 them
                 in
                 according
                 to
                 their
                 kinds
                 is
                 rightly
                 to
                 be
                 considered
                 :
                 for
                 not
                 knowing
                 what
                 Rivers
                 or
                 what
                 parts
                 of
                 them
                 are
                 fittest
                 for
                 your
                 Baits
                 ,
                 or
                 what
                 Baits
                 best
                 sute
                 with
                 each
                 River
                 and
                 the
                 fish
                 therein
                 contained
                 ,
                 you
                 onely
                 angle
                 at
                 adventure
                 ,
                 and
                 ,
                 instead
                 of
                 reaping
                 satisfaction
                 ,
                 you
                 onely
                 lose
                 your
                 pains
                 and
                 your
                 labour
                 .
              
               
                 Wherefore
                 in
                 the
                 first
                 place
                 you
                 are
                 to
                 understand
                 ,
                 that
                 fishes
                 change
                 places
                 with
                 the
                 season
                 .
                 Some
                 in
                 the
                 Summer
                 keep
                 always
                 near
                 the
                 top
                 or
                 rim
                 of
                 the
                 Water
                 ;
                 others
                 are
                 continually
                 at
                 the
                 bottom
                 .
                 For
                 the
                 first
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 angle
                 with
                 a
                 Float
                 or
                 Fly
                 ;
                 the
                 latter
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 at
                 the
                 Arches
                 of
                 Bridges
                 ,
                 Mill-ponds
                 ,
                 Wears
                 ,
                 Flood-gates
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 In
                 Winter
                 all
                 fish
                 in
                 general
                 fly
                 into
                 deep
                 Waters
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Barbel
                   ,
                   Roach
                   ,
                   Dace
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Ruff
                 delight
                 in
                 sandy
                 gravelly
                 ground
                 .
                 The
                 deepest
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 and
                 the
                 Shadows
                 of
                 Trees
                 are
                 equally
                 grateful
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Bream
                   ,
                   Pike
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Chub
                 choose
                 a
                 Clay
                 and
                 Ouzie
                 ground
                 .
                 The
                 Bream
                 delights
                 most
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 a
                 River
                 whose
                 Stream
                 is
                 not
                 too
                 rapid
                 ,
                 but
                 gently
                 gliding
                 :
                 the
                 Pike
                 is
                 for
                 still
                 Waters
                 full
                 of
                 Fry
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 he
                 may
                 the
                 better
                 and
                 securer
                 seize
                 his
                 Prey
                 ,
                 he
                 frequently
                 absconds
                 himself
                 amongst
                 Water-docks
                 ,
                 under
                 Bushes
                 or
                 Bull-rushes
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                   Carp
                   ,
                   Tench
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Eel
                 frequent
                 still
                 Waters
                 ,
                 and
                 what
                 are
                 foul
                 and
                 muddy
                 .
                 Eels
                 lie
                 lurking
                 under
                 Roots
                 or
                 Stones
                 :
                 The
                 Carp
                 is
                 for
                 the
                 deepest
                 place
                 of
                 the
                 Water
                 ;
                 and
                 where
                 there
                 are
                 green
                 Weeds
                 the
                 Carp
                 and
                 Tench
                 delight
                 most
                 of
                 all
                 .
              
               
                 Pearch
                 delight
                 in
                 gentle
                 Streams
                 not
                 too
                 deep
                 ,
                 yet
                 they
                 must
                 not
                 be
                 shallow
                 ;
                 and
                 a
                 hollow
                 Bank
                 is
                 their
                 chiefest
                 refuge
                 .
              
               
                 Gudgeons
                 love
                 sandy
                 ground
                 in
                 gentle
                 Streams
                 ,
                 they
                 affect
                 small
                 Rivers
                 above
                 the
                 large
                 ,
                 or
                 small
                 Brooks
                 ,
                 and
                 bite
                 best
                 in
                 the
                 Spring
                 till
                 they
                 Spawn
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Salmon
                 delights
                 most
                 in
                 Rivers
                 which
                 ebb
                 and
                 flow
                 ,
                 are
                 large
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 a
                 swift
                 current
                 ,
                 in
                 such
                 Rivers
                 are
                 the
                 greatest
                 plenty
                 .
                 If
                 the
                 Rivers
                 are
                 rocky
                 or
                 weedy
                 ,
                 so
                 much
                 the
                 better
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Shad
                   ,
                   Thwait
                   ,
                   Plaice
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Flounder
                 have
                 the
                 greatest
                 love
                 for
                 salt
                 or
                 brackish
                 Waters
                 which
                 ebb
                 and
                 flow
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Umber
                 affects
                 Marly
                 Clay
                 grounds
                 ,
                 clear
                 and
                 swift
                 Streams
                 ;
                 but
                 they
                 must
                 then
                 be
                 far
                 from
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 seldom
                 come
                 near
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 are
                 many
                 more
                 Rules
                 to
                 be
                 observed
                 ,
                 which
                 generally
                 hold
                 good
                 ,
                 but
                 I
                 will
                 not
                 conclude
                 them
                 infallible
                 ,
                 since
                 I
                 have
                 found
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 (
                 well
                 credited
                 )
                 very
                 false
                 ;
                 wherefore
                 let
                 every
                 man's
                 experience
                 be
                 his
                 guide
                 in
                 the
                 knowledge
                 of
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Fish
                 their
                 Inhabitants
                 .
                 And
                 therefore
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 very
                 requisite
                 for
                 him
                 that
                 would
                 be
                 compleat
                 in
                 the
                 Art
                 of
                 Angling
                 ,
                 diligently
                 to
                 observe
                 whatever
                 River
                 or
                 water
                 he
                 fisheth
                 in
                 ,
                 whether
                 it
                 be
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 muddy
                 ,
                 slimy
                 stony
                 ,
                 gravelly
                 ,
                 swift
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 a
                 slow
                 motion
                 .
                 And
                 as
                 he
                 must
                 have
                 a
                 competent
                 knowledge
                 in
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 Ponds
                 ,
                 or
                 all
                 fishable
                 waters
                 he
                 is
                 acquainted
                 with
                 ;
                 so
                 must
                 he
                 know
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 each
                 Filh
                 ,
                 and
                 what
                 Baits
                 are
                 most
                 proper
                 for
                 every
                 kind
                 ,
                 or
                 he
                 shall
                 never
                 attain
                 to
                 the
                 reputation
                 of
                 a
                 good
                 experienced
                 ANGLER
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 shall
                 conclude
                 this
                 Treatise
                 with
                 the
                 experimental
                 observations
                 of
                 an
                 ingenious
                 Gentleman
                 ,
                 who
                 hath
                 practiced
                 the
                 Art
                 of
                 Fishing
                 many
                 years
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 the
                 more
                 fit
                 to
                 give
                 Directions
                 for
                 the
                 right
                 use
                 of
                 the
                 Angle
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 Experimental
                 Observations
                 and
                 useful
                 Directions
                 for
                 the
                 right
                 use
                 of
                 the
                 Angle
                 ;
                 and
                 is
                 a
                 true
                 and
                 brief
                 Epitome
                 of
                 the
                 whole
                 Art
                 and
                 Mystery
                 of
                 the
                 Fishing
                 Recreation
                 .
              
               
                 NOne
                 certainly
                 is
                 so
                 ignorant
                 to
                 address
                 himself
                 to
                 the
                 River
                 for
                 Recreation
                 ,
                 but
                 he
                 will
                 be
                 mindful
                 to
                 carry
                 necessary
                 Tackle
                 with
                 him
                 :
                 being
                 compleatly
                 furnished
                 therewith
                 let
                 him
                 in
                 the
                 first
                 place
                 consult
                 Sun
                 ,
                 Wind
                 ,
                 Moon
                 ,
                 Stars
                 ,
                 and
                 change
                 of
                 Air
                 ;
                 for
                 without
                 observing
                 Times
                 and
                 Seasons
                 ,
                 his
                 Tackle
                 ,
                 though
                 never
                 so
                 good
                 ,
                 will
                 prove
                 ineffectual
                 .
              
               
                 Wherefore
                 observe
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 Sun
                 be
                 obscured
                 with
                 Clouds
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 Face
                 hidden
                 from
                 your
                 Eyes
                 ,
                 then
                 set
                 forth
                 your
                 Ground-baits
                 ,
                 and
                 use
                 your
                 brightest
                 Flies
                 .
                 If
                 the
                 Sun
                 shine
                 out
                 gloriously
                 ,
                 then
                 use
                 the
                 darkest
                 of
                 your
                 Flies
                 .
                 Here
                 note
                 ,
              
               
                 
                   If
                   that
                   the
                   Wind
                   be
                   in
                   the
                   South
                   ,
                
                 
                   It
                   blows
                   the
                   Fly
                   in
                   the
                   Trout's
                   Mouth
                   .
                
              
               
                 If
                 the
                 weather
                 be
                 warm
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 no
                 matter
                 in
                 what
                 point
                 of
                 the
                 Compass
                 the
                 Wind
                 lieth
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 it
                 blow
                 
                 not
                 too
                 high
                 ;
                 the
                 same
                 observation
                 holds
                 good
                 at
                 Night
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 Day
                 .
                 If
                 the
                 Sun
                 shine
                 bright
                 ,
                 the
                 Moon
                 prove
                 clear
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 Stars
                 glitter
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 but
                 little
                 sport
                 to
                 be
                 expected
                 .
              
               
                 Gentlemen
                 ,
                 I
                 write
                 to
                 you
                 that
                 have
                 more
                 than
                 common
                 experience
                 in
                 the
                 Art
                 of
                 Angling
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 I
                 hope
                 you
                 will
                 not
                 expect
                 that
                 I
                 should
                 here
                 inform
                 you
                 how
                 to
                 prosecute
                 the
                 little
                 recreation
                 of
                 the
                 Thames
                 ,
                 how
                 to
                 catch
                 
                   Bleak
                   ,
                   Dace
                
                 ,
                 &c.
                 since
                 there
                 is
                 hardly
                 any
                 young
                 beginner
                 that
                 is
                 ignorant
                 thereof
                 :
                 Whereof
                 omitting
                 such
                 trifling
                 discourse
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 fall
                 upon
                 that
                 which
                 is
                 somewhat
                 more
                 material
                 ,
                 and
                 first
                 ,
                 how
                 to
                 take
                 Eels
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 Angler
                 stays
                 a
                 night
                 or
                 two
                 ,
                 let
                 him
                 take
                 five
                 or
                 six
                 Lines
                 (
                 or
                 what
                 number
                 he
                 thinks
                 fit
                 )
                 each
                 of
                 them
                 about
                 sixteen
                 yards
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 every
                 two
                 yards
                 long
                 make
                 a
                 Noose
                 to
                 hang
                 on
                 a
                 hook
                 armed
                 either
                 to
                 double
                 Thread
                 ,
                 or
                 Silk-twist
                 ,
                 for
                 it
                 is
                 better
                 then
                 Wyre
                 .
                 His
                 Hooks
                 must
                 be
                 baited
                 with
                 
                   Millers-thumbs
                   ,
                   Loaches
                   ,
                   Minnows
                
                 or
                 Gudgeons
                 :
                 to
                 every
                 Noose
                 there
                 must
                 be
                 a
                 Line
                 baited
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 the
                 Lines
                 mustly
                 cross
                 the
                 River
                 in
                 the
                 deepest
                 place
                 ,
                 either
                 with
                 Stones
                 or
                 pegged
                 lying
                 in
                 the
                 bottom
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 watch
                 all
                 night
                 ,
                 or
                 rise
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 ever
                 it
                 is
                 break
                 of
                 day
                 (
                 or
                 else
                 you
                 will
                 lose
                 divers
                 that
                 were
                 hung
                 )
                 and
                 draw
                 up
                 the
                 Lines
                 ,
                 on
                 each
                 of
                 which
                 I
                 have
                 known
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 Eels
                 or
                 Grigs
                 .
              
               
                 Every
                 one
                 that
                 delights
                 in
                 Fly-fishing
                 ought
                 to
                 learn
                 the
                 way
                 of
                 making
                 two
                 sorts
                 of
                 Artificial
                 Flies
                 ,
                 the
                 Palmer
                 ribbed
                 with
                 Silver
                 or
                 Gold
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 May-fly
                 ,
                 both
                 which
                 are
                 the
                 ground
                 of
                 all
                 Flies
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 making
                 of
                 the
                 Palmer-Fly
                 he
                 must
                 arm
                 his
                 Line
                 on
                 the
                 inside
                 of
                 the
                 Hook
                 ;
                 then
                 with
                 a
                 pair
                 of
                 Sizers
                 let
                 him
                 cut
                 so
                 much
                 of
                 the
                 brown
                 of
                 a
                 Mallards
                 Feathers
                 as
                 he
                 shall
                 think
                 sufficient
                 to
                 make
                 the
                 Wings
                 ;
                 then
                 let
                 him
                 lay
                 the
                 outermost
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Feather
                 next
                 the
                 Hook
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 point
                 of
                 the
                 Feather
                 
                 towards
                 the
                 Shank
                 of
                 the
                 Hook
                 ;
                 let
                 him
                 whip
                 it
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 times
                 about
                 the
                 Hook
                 with
                 the
                 same
                 Silk
                 he
                 armed
                 the
                 Hook
                 ;
                 then
                 make
                 his
                 Silk
                 fast
                 :
                 then
                 let
                 him
                 take
                 the
                 Hackle
                 of
                 the
                 neck
                 of
                 a
                 Cock
                 or
                 Capon
                 (
                 but
                 a
                 Plovers
                 Top
                 is
                 best
                 )
                 and
                 let
                 him
                 take
                 off
                 the
                 one
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Feather
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 he
                 must
                 take
                 the
                 Hackle-silk
                 ,
                 or
                 Gold
                 or
                 Silver
                 thread
                 ;
                 and
                 let
                 him
                 make
                 all
                 these
                 fast
                 at
                 the
                 bent
                 of
                 the
                 Hook
                 ,
                 working
                 them
                 up
                 to
                 the
                 Wings
                 ;
                 every
                 bout
                 shifting
                 his
                 Fingers
                 ,
                 and
                 making
                 a
                 stop
                 ,
                 then
                 the
                 Gold
                 will
                 fall
                 right
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 him
                 make
                 fast
                 :
                 then
                 work
                 up
                 the
                 Hackle
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 it
                 fast
                 :
                 after
                 this
                 let
                 him
                 take
                 the
                 Hook
                 betwixt
                 his
                 Finger
                 and
                 Thumb
                 in
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 with
                 Needle
                 or
                 Pin
                 ,
                 and
                 part
                 the
                 Wings
                 in
                 twain
                 ;
                 then
                 with
                 the
                 Arming-silk
                 (
                 having
                 fastned
                 all
                 hitherto
                 )
                 let
                 him
                 whip
                 it
                 about
                 as
                 it
                 falleth
                 cross
                 between
                 the
                 Wings
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 his
                 Thumb
                 he
                 must
                 turn
                 the
                 point
                 of
                 the
                 Feather
                 towards
                 the
                 bent
                 of
                 the
                 Hook
                 :
                 then
                 let
                 him
                 work
                 it
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 times
                 about
                 the
                 shank
                 ,
                 so
                 fasten
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 view
                 the
                 proportion
                 for
                 other
                 Flies
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 he
                 make
                 the
                 grounds
                 of
                 Hogs-wool
                 ,
                 sandy
                 ,
                 black
                 ,
                 or
                 white
                 ,
                 or
                 Bears-wool
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 a
                 red
                 Bullock
                 two
                 years
                 old
                 ,
                 he
                 must
                 work
                 these
                 grounds
                 on
                 a
                 waxed
                 Silk
                 ,
                 and
                 must
                 arm
                 and
                 set
                 on
                 the
                 Wings
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 body
                 of
                 the
                 May-fly
                 must
                 be
                 wrought
                 with
                 some
                 of
                 these
                 grounds
                 ,
                 which
                 will
                 be
                 admirably
                 well
                 when
                 ribbed
                 with
                 black
                 Hair.
                 The
                 Oak-fly
                 he
                 must
                 make
                 with
                 Orange-Tawny
                 and
                 black
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 body
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 brown
                 of
                 the
                 Mallards
                 Feather
                 for
                 the
                 Wings
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 next
                 thing
                 to
                 be
                 observed
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Floating
                 for
                 Scale-fish
                 in
                 Pond
                 ,
                 or
                 River
                 :
                 First
                 ,
                 take
                 notice
                 that
                 the
                 Feed
                 brings
                 the
                 Fish
                 together
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Sheep
                 to
                 the
                 Pen
                 ;
                 and
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 better
                 in
                 all
                 Angling
                 for
                 Feed
                 ,
                 than
                 Bloud
                 and
                 Grains
                 ;
                 though
                 Paste
                 is
                 good
                 yet
                 inferiour
                 to
                 these
                 .
              
               
               
                 Next
                 ,
                 let
                 him
                 observe
                 to
                 plumb
                 his
                 ground
                 ,
                 Angling
                 with
                 fine
                 Tackle
                 ,
                 as
                 single
                 hair
                 for
                 half
                 the
                 Line
                 next
                 the
                 Hook
                 ,
                 round
                 and
                 small
                 plumbed
                 according
                 to
                 his
                 Float
                 .
                 There
                 is
                 a
                 small
                 red
                 worm
                 with
                 a
                 yellow
                 tip
                 on
                 his
                 Tail
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 an
                 excellent
                 bait
                 for
                 this
                 sort
                 of
                 Fish
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 .
                 Other
                 special
                 baits
                 are
                 these
                 :
                 Brandlings
                 ,
                 Gentles
                 ,
                 Paste
                 or
                 Cadice
                 (
                 otherwise
                 call'd
                 Cock-bait
                 .
                 )
                 They
                 lie
                 in
                 Gravelly
                 husk
                 under
                 the
                 stones
                 in
                 the
                 River
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 a
                 way
                 of
                 Trowling
                 for
                 Pike
                 with
                 an
                 Hazle
                 rod
                 of
                 Twelve
                 foot
                 long
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Ring
                 of
                 Wyre
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Rod
                 for
                 the
                 Line
                 to
                 run
                 through
                 :
                 within
                 two
                 foot
                 of
                 the
                 bottom
                 of
                 the
                 Rod
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 hole
                 made
                 to
                 put
                 in
                 a
                 Wind
                 to
                 turn
                 with
                 a
                 Barrel
                 ,
                 to
                 gather
                 sip
                 the
                 Line
                 and
                 loose
                 it
                 at
                 pleasure
                 :
                 This
                 is
                 the
                 best
                 manner
                 of
                 Trowling
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 another
                 way
                 to
                 take
                 more
                 Pikes
                 either
                 in
                 Meere
                 ,
                 Pond
                 ,
                 or
                 River
                 ,
                 than
                 any
                 Trowler
                 with
                 his
                 Rod
                 can
                 do
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 done
                 after
                 this
                 manner
                 .
              
               
                 Take
                 a
                 forked
                 stick
                 with
                 a
                 Line
                 of
                 Twelve
                 yards
                 long
                 wound
                 upon
                 it
                 ;
                 at
                 the
                 upper
                 end
                 leave
                 about
                 a
                 yard
                 ,
                 either
                 to
                 tie
                 a
                 bunch
                 of
                 Flags
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Bladder
                 to
                 buoy
                 up
                 the
                 Fish
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 carry
                 it
                 from
                 the
                 ground
                 .
                 The
                 Bait
                 must
                 be
                 a
                 live
                 fish
                 ,
                 either
                 
                   Dace
                   ,
                   Gudgeon
                   ,
                   Roach
                
                 ,
                 or
                 small
                 Trout
                 :
                 The
                 forked
                 stick
                 must
                 have
                 a
                 slit
                 in
                 the
                 one
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Fork
                 to
                 put
                 in
                 the
                 Line
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 may
                 set
                 his
                 live
                 fish
                 to
                 swim
                 at
                 a
                 gage
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 a
                 Pike
                 taketh
                 the
                 Bait
                 ,
                 he
                 may
                 have
                 the
                 full
                 liberty
                 of
                 the
                 line
                 for
                 his
                 feed
                 .
                 He
                 may
                 turn
                 these
                 loose
                 either
                 in
                 Pond
                 or
                 River
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Pond
                 with
                 the
                 Wind
                 all
                 day
                 long
                 ,
                 the
                 more
                 the
                 better
                 :
                 at
                 night
                 let
                 him
                 set
                 some
                 small
                 weight
                 that
                 he
                 may
                 stay
                 the
                 Buoy
                 till
                 the
                 Fish
                 taketh
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 the
                 River
                 he
                 must
                 turn
                 all
                 loose
                 with
                 the
                 Stream
                 ;
                 the
                 Hooks
                 must
                 be
                 double
                 ,
                 the
                 Shanks
                 must
                 be
                 somewhat
                 shorter
                 then
                 ordinary
                 ;
                 for
                 the
                 shorter
                 
                 the
                 Hook
                 is
                 off
                 the
                 Shank
                 ,
                 without
                 doubt
                 it
                 will
                 less
                 hurt
                 the
                 fish
                 :
                 and
                 it
                 must
                 be
                 armed
                 with
                 small
                 Wyre
                 well
                 softned
                 ;
                 but
                 certainly
                 a
                 hook
                 armed
                 with
                 twisted
                 Silk
                 is
                 better
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 arm
                 your
                 hook
                 with
                 Wyre
                 ,
                 the
                 Needle
                 must
                 be
                 made
                 with
                 an
                 Eye
                 ;
                 then
                 must
                 he
                 take
                 one
                 of
                 those
                 living
                 Baits
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 one
                 of
                 his
                 Needles
                 enter
                 within
                 a
                 Straws
                 breadth
                 of
                 the
                 Gill
                 of
                 the
                 Fish
                 ,
                 so
                 pull
                 the
                 Needle
                 betwixt
                 the
                 Skin
                 and
                 the
                 Fish
                 ,
                 then
                 pull
                 the
                 Needle
                 out
                 at
                 the
                 hindmost
                 Fin
                 ,
                 and
                 draw
                 the
                 Arming
                 thorough
                 the
                 Fish
                 ,
                 until
                 the
                 Hook
                 come
                 to
                 lie
                 close
                 to
                 the
                 Fishes
                 Body
                 having
                 so
                 done
                 ,
                 let
                 him
                 put
                 off
                 in
                 Meere
                 or
                 pond
                 with
                 the
                 Wind
                 ;
                 in
                 the
                 River
                 with
                 the
                 Stream
                 :
                 the
                 more
                 that
                 he
                 pulls
                 off
                 in
                 Meere
                 or
                 Pond
                 ,
                 he
                 is
                 the
                 likelier
                 to
                 have
                 the
                 greater
                 Pastime
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 a
                 time
                 when
                 Pikes
                 go
                 a
                 Frogging
                 in
                 Ditches
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 River
                 to
                 Sun
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 
                   May
                   ,
                   June
                
                 ,
                 and
                 July
                 ;
                 at
                 these
                 times
                 you
                 shall
                 hardly
                 miss
                 one
                 in
                 twenty
                 ;
                 and
                 thus
                 must
                 the
                 Angler
                 deal
                 with
                 them
                 .
                 Let
                 him
                 take
                 a
                 Line
                 of
                 Seven
                 or
                 Eight
                 foot
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 him
                 arm
                 a
                 large
                 Hook
                 of
                 the
                 largest
                 size
                 that
                 is
                 made
                 ,
                 and
                 arm
                 it
                 to
                 his
                 Line
                 ;
                 let
                 him
                 lead
                 the
                 shank
                 of
                 his
                 Hook
                 neatly
                 ,
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 weight
                 that
                 he
                 may
                 guide
                 the
                 Hook
                 at
                 his
                 pleasure
                 .
                 He
                 may
                 strike
                 the
                 Pike
                 that
                 he
                 sees
                 with
                 the
                 bare
                 Hook
                 where
                 he
                 pleases
                 .
                 This
                 Line
                 and
                 Hook
                 doth
                 far
                 exceed
                 Snaring
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 taking
                 of
                 a
                 Carp
                 either
                 in
                 Pond
                 or
                 River
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 Angler
                 intends
                 to
                 add
                 Profit
                 to
                 his
                 Pleasure
                 ,
                 he
                 must
                 take
                 a
                 Peck
                 of
                 Ale-Grains
                 and
                 a
                 good
                 quantity
                 of
                 any
                 Blood
                 ,
                 and
                 mix
                 the
                 Grains
                 together
                 ,
                 with
                 which
                 let
                 him
                 bait
                 the
                 Ground
                 wherein
                 he
                 intends
                 to
                 Angle
                 .
                 This
                 feed
                 will
                 wonderfully
                 attract
                 the
                 Scale-fish
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Carp
                   ,
                   Tench
                   ,
                   Roach
                   ,
                   Dace
                   ,
                
                 and
                 Bream
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Morning
                 early
                 let
                 him
                 prosecute
                 his
                 pastime
                 ,
                 plumbing
                 his
                 ground
                 ,
                 and
                 Angling
                 for
                 a
                 Carp
                 with
                 a
                 strong
                 Line
                 :
                 the
                 bait
                 must
                 be
                 either
                 paste
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 knotted
                 red
                 
                 Worm
                 ;
                 by
                 this
                 means
                 he
                 shall
                 find
                 sport
                 enough
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Taking
                 of
                 a
                 Trout
                 with
                 Ground-baits
                 thus
                 must
                 the
                 Angler
                 do
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 first
                 place
                 he
                 must
                 have
                 a
                 neat
                 taper
                 Rod
                 ,
                 light
                 before
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 tender
                 Hazle
                 top
                 .
                 He
                 may
                 Angle
                 with
                 a
                 single
                 hair
                 of
                 five
                 lengths
                 ,
                 one
                 tied
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 for
                 the
                 bottom
                 of
                 the
                 Line
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Line
                 of
                 three
                 hair'd
                 links
                 for
                 the
                 upper
                 part
                 ;
                 and
                 so
                 if
                 he
                 have
                 room
                 enough
                 he
                 may
                 take
                 the
                 largest
                 Trout
                 that
                 swims
                 in
                 the
                 River
                 .
                 He
                 that
                 angles
                 with
                 a
                 line
                 made
                 of
                 three
                 hair'd
                 links
                 at
                 the
                 bottom
                 ,
                 and
                 more
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 ,
                 may
                 take
                 Trouts
                 ;
                 but
                 he
                 that
                 Angles
                 with
                 one
                 Hair
                 ,
                 shall
                 take
                 five
                 Trouts
                 to
                 the
                 others
                 one
                 :
                 For
                 this
                 Fish
                 is
                 very
                 quick
                 sighted
                 ;
                 therefore
                 the
                 Angler
                 both
                 day
                 &
                 Night
                 must
                 keep
                 out
                 of
                 sight
                 .
                 He
                 must
                 Angle
                 with
                 the
                 point
                 of
                 his
                 Rod
                 down
                 the
                 Stream
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 must
                 begin
                 to
                 Angle
                 in
                 March
                 with
                 the
                 Ground-baits
                 all
                 day
                 long
                 :
                 but
                 if
                 it
                 prove
                 clear
                 and
                 bright
                 ,
                 he
                 must
                 take
                 the
                 Morning
                 and
                 Evening
                 ,
                 or
                 else
                 his
                 labour
                 will
                 be
                 in
                 vain
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 that
                 Angles
                 with
                 Ground-baits
                 ,
                 must
                 fit
                 his
                 Tackle
                 to
                 his
                 Rod
                 ,
                 and
                 begin
                 at
                 the
                 upper
                 end
                 of
                 the
                 Stream
                 ,
                 carrying
                 his
                 Line
                 with
                 an
                 upright
                 hand
                 ,
                 feeling
                 the
                 Plummet
                 running
                 on
                 the
                 ground
                 some
                 ten
                 Inches
                 from
                 the
                 Hook
                 ,
                 plumbing
                 his
                 Line
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 swiftness
                 of
                 the
                 Stream
                 that
                 he
                 Angles
                 in
                 ,
                 for
                 one
                 Plummet
                 will
                 not
                 serve
                 for
                 all
                 Streams
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 his
                 Bait
                 let
                 him
                 take
                 the
                 red
                 knotted
                 Worm
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 very
                 good
                 where
                 Brandlings
                 are
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 had
                 .
                 The
                 Minnow
                 (
                 or
                 as
                 some
                 call
                 it
                 a
                 Penk
                 )
                 is
                 a
                 singular
                 Bait
                 for
                 a
                 Trout
                 ;
                 for
                 he
                 will
                 come
                 as
                 boldly
                 at
                 it
                 as
                 a
                 Mastiff-dog
                 at
                 a
                 Bear.
                 It
                 will
                 be
                 advantageous
                 to
                 him
                 in
                 his
                 angling
                 to
                 use
                 a
                 Line
                 made
                 of
                 three
                 Silks
                 and
                 three
                 Hairs
                 twisted
                 for
                 the
                 upper
                 most
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Line
                 ,
                 and
                 two
                 Silks
                 and
                 two
                 Hairs
                 twisted
                 for
                 the
                 bottom
                 next
                 the
                 Hook
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Swivel
                 nigh
                 to
                 the
                 middle
                 
                 of
                 his
                 Line
                 ,
                 with
                 an
                 indifferent
                 large
                 hook
                 .
                 Let
                 him
                 bait
                 his
                 hook
                 with
                 a
                 Minnow
                 ,
                 putting
                 the
                 hook
                 through
                 the
                 lowermost
                 part
                 of
                 his
                 mouth
                 ,
                 so
                 draw
                 the
                 Hook
                 through
                 ;
                 then
                 put
                 the
                 hook
                 in
                 at
                 the
                 mouth
                 again
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 the
                 point
                 of
                 the
                 hook
                 come
                 out
                 at
                 the
                 hindmost
                 Fin
                 ;
                 then
                 let
                 him
                 draw
                 his
                 Line
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Minnows
                 mouth
                 will
                 close
                 ,
                 that
                 no
                 Water
                 will
                 get
                 into
                 his
                 Belly
                 .
                 As
                 I
                 said
                 before
                 ,
                 he
                 must
                 angle
                 with
                 the
                 point
                 of
                 his
                 Rod
                 down
                 the
                 Stream
                 ,
                 drawing
                 the
                 Minnow
                 up
                 the
                 Stream
                 by
                 little
                 and
                 little
                 nigh
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Water
                 :
                 the
                 Trout
                 seeing
                 the
                 bait
                 will
                 come
                 most
                 fiercely
                 at
                 it
                 ;
                 but
                 the
                 Angler
                 must
                 not
                 then
                 presently
                 strike
                 :
                 this
                 is
                 a
                 true
                 way
                 without
                 Lead
                 ;
                 for
                 many
                 times
                 they
                 will
                 come
                 to
                 the
                 Lead
                 ,
                 and
                 forsake
                 the
                 Minnow
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 next
                 direction
                 is
                 how
                 to
                 angle
                 with
                 a
                 Fly
                 for
                 a
                 Trout
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 first
                 place
                 let
                 the
                 Angler
                 fit
                 himself
                 with
                 a
                 Hazle
                 of
                 one
                 piece
                 or
                 two
                 set
                 conveniently
                 together
                 ,
                 light
                 and
                 pliable
                 .
                 The
                 lower
                 part
                 of
                 his
                 Line
                 next
                 the
                 Fly
                 must
                 be
                 of
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 hair'd
                 Links
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 he
                 can
                 attain
                 (
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 )
                 to
                 angle
                 with
                 a
                 single
                 Hair
                 ,
                 he
                 shall
                 meet
                 with
                 more
                 profit
                 and
                 pleasure
                 .
              
               
                 Before
                 he
                 begin
                 to
                 angle
                 ,
                 having
                 the
                 wind
                 on
                 his
                 back
                 ,
                 let
                 him
                 try
                 how
                 far
                 he
                 can
                 cast
                 his
                 Line
                 ,
                 or
                 at
                 what
                 length
                 his
                 Fly
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 him
                 be
                 careful
                 that
                 the
                 Fly
                 fall
                 first
                 on
                 the
                 Water
                 ;
                 for
                 if
                 any
                 of
                 the
                 Line
                 light
                 upon
                 the
                 Water
                 ,
                 he
                 had
                 better
                 to
                 have
                 stood
                 still
                 than
                 to
                 have
                 thrown
                 at
                 all
                 .
                 He
                 must
                 always
                 cast
                 down
                 the
                 Stream
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Wind
                 behind
                 and
                 the
                 Sun
                 before
                 him
                 ;
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 great
                 advantage
                 to
                 have
                 either
                 Sun
                 or
                 Moon
                 before
                 him
                 .
              
               
                 March
                 is
                 the
                 moneth
                 for
                 him
                 to
                 begin
                 to
                 angle
                 with
                 the
                 Fly
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 the
                 Weather
                 prove
                 windy
                 or
                 cloudy
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 Palmers
                 that
                 are
                 good
                 at
                 that
                 time
                 :
                 The
                 first
                 is
                 a
                 black
                 Palmer
                 ribbed
                 with
                 Silver
                 :
                 The
                 second
                 a
                 black
                 Palmer
                 with
                 an
                 Orange-tawny
                 Body
                 :
                 Thirdly
                 ,
                 a
                 Palmer
                 whose
                 body
                 
                 is
                 all
                 black
                 :
                 Lastly
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 red
                 Palmer
                 ribbed
                 with
                 Gold
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 red
                 Hackle
                 mixed
                 with
                 Orange
                 Cruel
                 .
                 These
                 Flies
                 serve
                 all
                 the
                 year
                 long
                 Morning
                 and
                 Evening
                 ,
                 whether
                 Windy
                 or
                 Cloudy
                 Weather
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 the
                 Air
                 prove
                 serene
                 ,
                 he
                 may
                 then
                 imitate
                 the
                 Hawthorn-fly
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 all
                 black
                 and
                 very
                 small
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 smaller
                 the
                 better
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 May
                 let
                 him
                 take
                 the
                 May-fly
                 and
                 imitate
                 that
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 made
                 several
                 ways
                 :
                 Some
                 make
                 them
                 with
                 a
                 shammy
                 Body
                 ;
                 't
                 is
                 best
                 with
                 black
                 Hair
                 :
                 Others
                 make
                 them
                 with
                 sandy
                 Hogs-wool
                 ,
                 ribbed
                 with
                 black
                 Silk
                 ,
                 and
                 winged
                 with
                 a
                 Mallards
                 Feather
                 several
                 ways
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 humour
                 of
                 the
                 Angler
                 .
                 Another
                 called
                 the
                 Oak-fly
                 ,
                 is
                 made
                 of
                 Orange
                 coloured
                 Cruel
                 ,
                 and
                 black
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 brown
                 Wing
                 .
                 Lastly
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 another
                 Fly
                 ,
                 the
                 Body
                 whereof
                 is
                 made
                 of
                 the
                 strain
                 of
                 a
                 Peacock's
                 Feather
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 very
                 good
                 in
                 a
                 bright
                 day
                 .
                 These
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 Flies
                 will
                 serve
                 the
                 whole
                 year
                 ,
                 observing
                 the
                 times
                 and
                 seasons
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 note
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 lightest
                 Flies
                 are
                 for
                 cloudy
                 and
                 dark
                 Weather
                 ,
                 the
                 darkest
                 for
                 bright
                 and
                 light
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 rest
                 for
                 indifferent
                 seasons
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 his
                 own
                 Judgement
                 ,
                 Discretion
                 ,
                 and
                 Experience
                 must
                 guide
                 him
                 .
                 Of
                 late
                 days
                 the
                 Hogs-wool
                 of
                 several
                 colours
                 ,
                 the
                 Wool
                 of
                 a
                 red
                 Heifer
                 and
                 Bears-wool
                 are
                 made
                 use
                 of
                 ,
                 which
                 make
                 good
                 grounds
                 ,
                 and
                 excellent
                 pastime
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Natural-fly
                 is
                 a
                 sure
                 way
                 of
                 Angling
                 to
                 Augment
                 the
                 Anglers
                 Recreation
                 .
                 Now
                 how
                 to
                 find
                 them
                 take
                 notice
                 that
                 the
                 May-fly
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 playing
                 at
                 the
                 River
                 side
                 ,
                 especially
                 against
                 the
                 Rain
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Oak-fly
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 on
                 the
                 But
                 of
                 an
                 Oak
                 ,
                 or
                 an
                 Ash
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 May
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 August
                 :
                 It
                 is
                 a
                 browntsh
                 Fly
                 ,
                 and
                 stands
                 always
                 with
                 his
                 head
                 towards
                 the
                 Root
                 of
                 the
                 Tree
                 ,
                 very
                 easy
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 Black-flly
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 on
                 every
                 Hawthorn-bush
                 ,
                 after
                 the
                 Buds
                 are
                 come
                 forth
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 with
                 these
                 Flies
                 he
                 must
                 use
                 such
                 a
                 Rod
                 as
                 to
                 angle
                 with
                 the
                 ground
                 bait
                 :
                 the
                 Line
                 must
                 not
                 be
                 so
                 long
                 as
                 the
                 Rod.
                 
              
               
                 Let
                 the
                 Angler
                 withdraw
                 his
                 Flie
                 as
                 he
                 shall
                 find
                 it
                 most
                 couvenient
                 and
                 advantageous
                 in
                 his
                 Angling
                 .
                 When
                 he
                 comes
                 to
                 deep
                 Water
                 (
                 whose
                 motion
                 is
                 but
                 slow
                 )
                 let
                 him
                 make
                 his
                 Line
                 about
                 two
                 yards
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 dop
                 his
                 Fly
                 behind
                 a
                 Bush
                 ,
                 and
                 he
                 shall
                 find
                 incomparable
                 sport
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 way
                 to
                 make
                 the
                 best
                 Paste
                 ,
                 is
                 to
                 take
                 a
                 convenient
                 quantity
                 of
                 fresh
                 Butter
                 ,
                 as
                 much
                 Sheeps-suet
                 that
                 is
                 fresh
                 ,
                 a
                 sufficient
                 quantity
                 of
                 the
                 strongest
                 Cheese
                 can
                 be
                 gotten
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 pith
                 of
                 an
                 old
                 stale
                 white
                 Loaf
                 :
                 Let
                 all
                 these
                 be
                 beaten
                 in
                 a
                 Mortar
                 till
                 they
                 come
                 to
                 a
                 perfect
                 paste
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 the
                 Angler
                 intends
                 to
                 spend
                 some
                 time
                 in
                 Angling
                 ,
                 let
                 him
                 put
                 hereof
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 a
                 green
                 Pea
                 upon
                 his
                 Hook
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 him
                 observe
                 what
                 pleasant
                 effects
                 it
                 will
                 produce
                 .
              
               
                 
                   An
                   Angling
                   SONG
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     COme
                     lay
                     by
                     all
                     cares
                     ,
                     and
                     hang
                     up
                     all
                     sorrow
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Let
                     's
                     Angle
                     to
                     day
                     ,
                     and
                     ne're
                     think
                     of
                     to
                     morrow
                     ;
                  
                   
                     And
                     by
                     the
                     Brook-side
                     as
                     we
                     Angle
                     a
                     long
                     ;
                  
                   
                     Wee
                     'l
                     cheer
                     up
                     our selves
                     with
                     our
                     sport
                     and
                     a
                     Song
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sometimes
                     on
                     the
                     Grass
                     our selves
                     we
                     will
                     lay
                     ,
                  
                   
                     And
                     see
                     how
                     the
                     watery
                     Citizens
                     play
                     ;
                  
                   
                     Sometimes
                     with
                     a
                     Fly
                     stand
                     under
                     a
                     Tree
                     .
                  
                   
                     And
                     choose
                     out
                     what
                     Fish
                     our
                     Captives
                     shall
                     be
                     :
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Thus
                     void
                     of
                     all
                     care
                     we
                     're
                     more
                     happy
                     then
                     they
                  
                   
                     That
                     sit
                     upon
                     Thrones
                     and
                     Kingdoms
                     do
                     sway
                     ;
                  
                   
                     For
                     Scepters
                     and
                     Crowns
                     disquiet
                     still
                     bring
                     ,
                  
                   
                     But
                     the
                     Man
                     that
                     's
                     content
                     is
                     more
                     blest
                     than
                     a
                     King.
                     
                  
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 An
                 Abstract
                 of
                 such
                 Penal
                 STATUTES
                 As
                 Relate
                 to
                 FISHING
                 .
              
               
                 
                   13.
                   
                   EDw.
                   1.
                   cap.
                   47.
                   
                
                 No
                 Salmons
                 shell
                 be
                 taken
                 from
                 the
                 
                   Nativity
                   of
                   our
                   Lady
                
                 unto
                 
                   St.
                   Martin's
                
                 day
                 .
                 Young
                 Salmons
                 may
                 not
                 be
                 destroy'd
                 nor
                 taken
                 by
                 Nets
                 nor
                 other
                 Engines
                 ,
                 at
                 Mill
                 pools
                 from
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 April
                 until
                 
                   St.
                   John
                   Paptist
                   .
                   The
                   Penalties
                   you
                   may
                   see
                   in
                   the
                   said
                   Statute
                   at
                   large
                   .
                
              
               
                 I.
                 
                   Eliz.
                   cap.
                   17.
                
                 
                 None
                 shall
                 take
                 and
                 kill
                 any
                 young
                 Brood
                 ,
                 Spawn
                 ,
                 os
                 Fry
                 of
                 Eels
                 ,
                 Salmon
                 ,
                 Pike
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 Fish
                 ,
                 in
                 any
                 Flood-gate
                 ,
                 Pipe
                 at
                 the
                 tail
                 of
                 a
                 Mill
                 ,
                 Wear
                 ,
                 or
                 in
                 any
                 Straights
                 ,
                 Streams
                 ,
                 Brooks
                 ,
                 Rivers
                 fresh
                 or
                 salt
                 .
                 Nor
                 take
                 or
                 kill
                 any
                 Salmons
                 ,
                 or
                 Trouts
                 not
                 being
                 in
                 season
                 ,
                 being
                 Ripper
                 Salmons
                 ,
                 or
                 Ripper
                 Trouts
                 ,
                 Shedder
                 Salmons
                 ,
                 or
                 Shedder
                 Trouts
                 .
              
               
                 II.
                 None
                 shall
                 take
                 or
                 kill
                 any
                 Pike
                 or
                 Pickeril
                 not
                 being
                 in
                 length
                 ten
                 inches
                 Fish
                 ,
                 nor
                 Salmon
                 not
                 being
                 in
                 length
                 sixteen
                 inches
                 Fish
                 ,
                 nor
                 Trout
                 under
                 eight
                 inches
                 ,
                 nor
                 Barbel
                 under
                 twelve
                 inches
                 .
              
               
                 III.
                 None
                 shall
                 take
                 Fish
                 with
                 any
                 manner
                 of
                 Trammel
                 ,
                 &c.
                 in
                 any
                 River
                 or
                 other
                 places
                 ,
                 but
                 onely
                 with
                 Net
                 or
                 Trammel
                 ,
                 whereof
                 every
                 Besh
                 or
                 
                 Mask
                 shall
                 be
                 two
                 inches
                 and
                 ½
                 broad
                 .
                 Angling
                 excepted
                 .
              
               
                 IV.
                 Nevertheless
                 this
                 Statute
                 allows
                 Smelts
                 ,
                 Loaches
                 ,
                 Minnows
                 ,
                 Gudgeons
                 ,
                 Eeles
                 ,
                 &c.
                 to
                 be
                 taken
                 by
                 Net
                 ,
                 &c.
                 in
                 such
                 places
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 ways
                 as
                 heretofore
                 they
                 have
                 been
                 .
              
               
                 V.
                 The
                 penalty
                 for
                 every
                 offence
                 is
                 20s
                 .
                 and
                 the
                 Fish
                 so
                 taken
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 the
                 Engine
                 or
                 Device
                 whatsoever
                 whereby
                 the
                 offence
                 was
                 committed
                 .
              
               
                 
                   5
                   Eliz.
                   cap.
                   21.
                
                 
                 None
                 may
                 by
                 day
                 or
                 night
                 break
                 down
                 ,
                 cut
                 out
                 ,
                 or
                 destroy
                 any
                 Head
                 or
                 Dam
                 of
                 any
                 Ponds
                 ,
                 Pools
                 ,
                 Motes
                 ,
                 &c.
                 where
                 any
                 Fish
                 shall
                 be
                 put
                 in
                 or
                 stored
                 withal
                 by
                 the
                 owners
                 thereof
                 .
                 Nor
                 shall
                 Take
                 ,
                 Kill
                 ,
                 or
                 Steal
                 away
                 any
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Fish
                 in
                 the
                 said
                 Ponds
                 ,
                 &c.
                 against
                 the
                 will
                 of
                 the
                 Owner
                 .
              
               
                 
                   22
                   &
                   23
                   Car.
                   2
                   cap.
                   25.
                   
                
                 It
                 is
                 not
                 ,
                 lawful
                 for
                 any
                 person
                 to
                 use
                 any
                 Casting-net
                 ,
                 Thief-net
                 ,
                 Trammel
                 ,
                 Shove-net
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 Net
                 ;
                 nor
                 to
                 use
                 any
                 Angle
                 ,
                 Hair
                 ,
                 Noose
                 ,
                 Spear
                 ,
                 or
                 Trowl
                 :
                 Not
                 to
                 lay
                 any
                 Nets
                 ,
                 UUears
                 ,
                 Pots
                 ,
                 Fish-hooks
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 Engines
                 ;
                 Or
                 to
                 take
                 any
                 Fish
                 by
                 any
                 other
                 means
                 or
                 device
                 whatsoever
                 ,
                 in
                 any
                 River
                 ,
                 Sew
                 ,
                 Pond
                 ,
                 Bote
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 UUater
                 ;
                 Nor
                 be
                 aiding
                 or
                 assisting
                 thereunto
                 ,
                 without
                 the
                 License
                 or
                 consent
                 of
                 the
                 Lord
                 or
                 Owner
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Water
                 .
                 And
                 in
                 case
                 any
                 person
                 be
                 convict
                 of
                 any
                 of
                 these
                 Offences
                 ,
                 by
                 his
                 own
                 confession
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 Oath
                 of
                 one
                 sufficient
                 Witness
                 ,
                 within
                 one
                 moneth
                 after
                 the
                 Offence
                 be
                 committed
                 ,
                 before
                 any
                 Justice
                 of
                 the
                 Peace
                 of
                 such
                 County
                 ,
                 Riding
                 ,
                 Division
                 ,
                 or
                 Place
                 ,
                 wherein
                 such
                 be
                 committed
                 ;
                 every
                 such
                 person
                 in
                 Taking
                 ,
                 Stealing
                 ,
                 or
                 Killing
                 Fish
                 ,
                 shall
                 for
                 chery
                 such
                 Offence
                 give
                 to
                 the
                 Party
                 or
                 Parties
                 grieved
                 or
                 injured
                 such
                 recompence
                 for
                 his
                 or
                 their
                 Damages
                 ,
                 and
                 within
                 such
                 time
                 as
                 the
                 said
                 Justice
                 shall
                 appoint
                 ,
                 not
                 exceeding
                 treble
                 Damages
                 :
                 And
                 over
                 and
                 above
                 pay
                 down
                 presently
                 unto
                 the
                 Overseers
                 for
                 the
                 Poor
                 where
                 such
                 
                 Difence
                 is
                 committed
                 ,
                 such
                 sum
                 of
                 Money
                 ,
                 not
                 exceeding
                 10s
                 .
                 as
                 the
                 said
                 Iustice
                 shall
                 think
                 meet
                 .
                 And
                 in
                 default
                 of
                 payment
                 ,
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 ,
                 the
                 same
                 to
                 be
                 levied
                 by
                 distress
                 of
                 the
                 Difenders
                 Goods
                 ,
                 by
                 Warrant
                 under
                 the
                 Hand
                 and
                 Seal
                 of
                 such
                 Iustice
                 before
                 whom
                 the
                 Difender
                 shall
                 be
                 convicted
                 ,
                 rendring
                 the
                 overplus
                 ,
                 if
                 any
                 be
                 :
                 And
                 for
                 want
                 of
                 Disteess
                 the
                 Difender
                 or
                 Difenders
                 shall
                 be
                 committed
                 to
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 Correction
                 ,
                 for
                 such
                 time
                 as
                 the
                 Iustice
                 shall
                 think
                 fit
                 ,
                 not
                 exceeding
                 one
                 Month
                 ,
                 unless
                 the
                 party
                 offending
                 shall
                 enter
                 into
                 Bond
                 with
                 one
                 competent
                 Surery
                 or
                 Sureties
                 to
                 the
                 party
                 iniured
                 ,
                 not
                 exceeding
                 ten
                 pounds
                 ,
                 never
                 to
                 offend
                 in
                 like
                 manner
                 .
              
               
                 II.
                 And
                 rvery
                 Iustice
                 of
                 Peace
                 ,
                 before
                 whom
                 such
                 Difender
                 shall
                 be
                 convict
                 ,
                 may
                 take
                 ,
                 cut
                 in
                 pieces
                 ,
                 and
                 destroy
                 all
                 such
                 Angles
                 ,
                 Spears
                 ,
                 Hairs
                 ,
                 Nooses
                 ,
                 Trowls
                 ,
                 Wears
                 ,
                 Pots
                 ,
                 Fish-hooks
                 ,
                 Nets
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 Engines
                 whatsoever
                 ,
                 wherewith
                 such
                 Difender
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 shall
                 be
                 taken
                 or
                 apprehended
                 .
              
               
                 III.
                 Nevertheless
                 ,
                 any
                 person
                 aggrieved
                 may
                 appeal
                 to
                 the
                 Iustices
                 of
                 the
                 Peace
                 in
                 their
                 next
                 quarter
                 Sessions
                 ;
                 who
                 may
                 give
                 relief
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 such
                 Order
                 therein
                 as
                 shall
                 be
                 agreeable
                 to
                 the
                 Tenor
                 of
                 this
                 Act
                 :
                 whose
                 Order
                 therein
                 shall
                 be
                 final
                 ,
                 if
                 no
                 title
                 of
                 Land
                 ,
                 Royalty
                 ,
                 or
                 Fishery
                 be
                 therein
                 concerned
                 .
              
            
             
               FINIS
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             
               
               
                 THE
                 TABLE
                 FOR
                 HUNTING
                 :
                 Being
                 the
                 First
                 PART
                 .
              
               
                 
                 
                   Page
                   .
                
                 
                   INtroduction
                
                 
                   1
                
                 
                   Terms
                   of
                   Art
                
                 
                   4
                
                 
                   Some
                   general
                   names
                   of
                   Hounds
                   and
                   Beagels
                
                 
                   19
                
                 
                   Terms
                   relating
                   to
                   Forests
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   20
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   
                     Hound
                     Rache
                  
                   and
                   Sluth-hound
                
                 
                   28
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Blood-hound
                
                 
                   29
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Gaze-hound
                
                 
                   33
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Grey-hound
                
                 
                   34
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Harrier
                   and
                   Terrier
                
                 
                   36
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Hound
                   Levyner
                   or
                   Lyemer
                
                 
                   37
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Tumbler
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Spaniel
                
                 
                   39
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   
                     White
                     Hound
                  
                
                 
                   40
                
                 
                   Of
                   Fallow-Hounds
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Dun-hound
                
                 
                   41
                
                 
                   The
                   marks
                   of
                   a
                   good
                   Hound
                
                 
                   42
                
                 
                   The
                   election
                   of
                   a
                   Dog
                   and
                   Bitch
                   for
                   good
                   Whelps
                
                 
                   43
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   enter
                   young
                   Hounds
                   at
                   the
                   Hart
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   44
                
                 
                   Of
                   Coursing
                   with
                   Grey-hounds
                
                 
                   46
                
                 
                   The
                   Laws
                   of
                   the
                   Leash
                   or
                   Coursing
                
                 
                   49
                
                 
                   The
                   Stiles
                   of
                   Hunting
                   different
                   from
                   the
                   English
                   ,
                   both
                   Antique
                   and
                   Forrain
                
                 
                   52
                
                 
                 
                   Of
                   Hart-Hunting
                
                 
                   56
                
                 
                   The
                   Nature
                   of
                   a
                   Hart
                
                 
                   57
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Rut
                   of
                   Harts
                
                 
                   62
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   Harts
                   Mewing
                
                 
                   67
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Coats
                   and
                   Colours
                   of
                   Harts
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   diversities
                
                 
                   66
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   know
                   an
                   old
                   Hart
                   by
                   the
                   Slot
                   ,
                   Entries
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   67
                
                 
                   The
                   names
                   and
                   diversities
                   of
                   Harts-heads
                   according
                   to
                   Hunters
                   Terms
                
                 
                   69
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   seek
                   a
                   Hart
                   in
                   his
                   〈◊〉
                   or
                   feeding
                   place
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   seasons
                   of
                   the
                   year
                
                 
                   〈◊〉
                
                 
                   In
                   what
                   manner
                   the
                   Huntsman
                   shall
                   go
                   drawing
                   in
                   the
                   Springs
                
                 
                   71
                
                 
                   Directions
                   for
                   Harbouring
                   a
                   Stag
                
                 
                   72
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   find
                   a
                   Hart
                   lost
                   the
                   night
                   before
                
                 
                   73
                
                 
                   How
                   ,
                   to
                   find
                   a
                   Hart
                   in
                   high
                   Woods
                
                 
                   74
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   unbarbour
                   a
                   Hart
                   and
                   cast
                   off
                   the
                   Hounds
                
                 
                   75
                
                 
                   What
                   subtilties
                   are
                   used
                   in
                   hunting
                   a
                   Hart
                   at
                   force
                
                 
                   76
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   kill
                   a
                   Hart
                   at
                   Bay.
                   
                
                 
                   79
                
                 
                   Directions
                   at
                   the
                   death
                   of
                   a
                   Buck
                   on
                   Hart
                
                 
                   80
                
                 
                   Buck-Hunting
                
                 
                   81
                
                 
                   Roe-Hunting
                
                 
                   83
                
                 
                   Rain-Deer-Hunting
                
                 
                   86
                
                 
                   Hart
                   Hunting
                
                 
                   91
                
                 
                   Of
                   Parks
                   and
                   Warrens
                
                 
                   100
                
                 
                   Of
                   Coney
                   catching
                
                 
                   102
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Ferret
                
                 
                   104
                
                 
                   Of
                   Fbx-Hunting
                
                 
                   105
                
                 
                   Of
                   Badger-Hunting
                
                 
                   111
                
                 
                   Of
                   Otter-Hunting
                
                 
                   115
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Squirrel
                
                 
                   118
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Martern
                   or
                   Wild-Cat
                
                 
                   120
                
                 
                   A
                   short
                   Account
                   of
                   Beasts
                   not
                   Hunted
                   in
                   England
                   ,
                   and
                   first
                   of
                   the
                   Wolf
                
                 
                   123
                
                 
                   Of
                   Wild-goat-Hunting
                
                 
                   126
                
                 
                   Of
                   Wild-boar
                   Hunting
                
                 
                   128
                
                 
                   Of
                   Bear-Hunting
                
                 
                   135
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Beaver
                
                 
                   137
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Elk
                
                 
                   139
                
                 
                   Diseases
                   and
                   Cures
                   of
                   Hounds
                
                 
                   140
                
                 
                   Diseases
                   and
                   Cures
                   of
                   Spaniels
                
                 
                   146
                
                 
                   Penal
                   Laws
                   relating
                   to
                   Hunters
                   and
                   Hunting
                
                 
                   150
                
                 
                   Penal
                   Laws
                   concerning
                   Forests
                   and
                   Chaces
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   155
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 The
                 Table
                 for
                 HAWKING
                 :
                 Being
                 the
                 Second
                 PART
                 .
              
               
                 
                   THe
                   Introduction
                
                 
                   Page
                   1
                
                 
                   Terms
                   of
                   Art
                
                 
                   4
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Haggard-Faulcon
                
                 
                   11
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   know
                   the
                   Nature
                   and
                   Disposition
                   of
                   several
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   and
                   what
                   must
                   be
                   observed
                   from
                   thence
                
                 
                   17
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Faulcon
                
                 
                   20
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Manning
                   ,
                   Luring
                   ,
                   Flights
                   ,
                   and
                   Mewing
                   of
                   a
                   Faulcon
                   ,
                   with
                   other
                   things
                   belonging
                   to
                   an
                   Ostrager
                
                 
                   22
                
                 
                   Of
                   bathing
                   a
                   Faulcon
                   lately
                   reclaimed
                   ;
                   how
                   to
                   make
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   hate
                   the
                   Check
                
                 
                   26
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   enseam
                   a
                   Faulcon
                   with
                   her
                   Castings
                   and
                   Scowrings
                
                 
                   28
                
                 
                   General
                   Instructions
                   for
                   an
                   Ostrager
                   or
                   Faulconer
                
                 
                   32
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   hood
                   a
                   Hawk
                
                 
                   36
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   your
                   Hawk
                   know
                   your
                   Voice
                   and
                   her
                   own
                   feeding
                
                 
                   37
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   your
                   Hawk
                   bold
                   and
                   venturous
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Hawk
                   know
                   the
                   Lure
                
                 
                   38
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Hawk
                   flying
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   A
                   Flight
                   for
                   a
                   Haggard
                
                 
                   40
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Soar
                   -
                   Faulcon
                   ,
                   or
                   Haggard
                   kill
                   at
                   the
                   very
                   first
                
                 
                   41
                
                 
                   Remedy
                   for
                   a
                   Hawks
                   taking
                   stand
                   in
                   a
                   Tree
                
                 
                   42
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   help
                   a
                   Hawk
                   froward
                   and
                   coy
                   through
                   pride
                   of
                   grease
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Hawk
                   hold
                   in
                   her
                   head
                   and
                   not
                   mind
                   Check
                
                 
                   43
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   continue
                   and
                   keep
                   a
                   Hawk
                   in
                   her
                   high
                   flying
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   A
                   flight
                   for
                   the
                   Hern
                
                 
                   45
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Haggard-faulcon
                   ;
                   why
                   so
                   called
                   ,
                   her
                   good
                   shape
                   '
                   and
                   properties
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   47
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Barbary-faulcon
                
                 
                   50
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Gerfaulcon
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Saker
                
                 
                   53
                
                 
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   
                     Lanner
                     ,
                     Lanneret
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Tunisian
                
                 
                   54
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Metlin
                
                 
                   57
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Mewing
                   of
                   
                     Merlins
                     ,
                     Faulcons
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   And
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   best
                   way
                   of
                   Mewing
                
                 
                   58
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Hobby
                
                 
                   61
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Goshawk
                
                 
                   62
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   the
                   Soar
                   or
                   Haggard
                   -
                   Goshawk
                
                 
                   64
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   fly
                   to
                   the
                   Partridge
                
                 
                   65
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   help
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   that
                   turneth
                   Tail
                   to
                   Tail
                   ,
                   and
                   giveth
                   over
                   her
                   Game
                
                 
                   66
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   fly
                   quickly
                
                 
                   67
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   fly
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   to
                   the
                   River
                
                 
                   68
                
                 
                   An
                   excellent
                   way
                   to
                   preserve
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   in
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   her
                   flying
                   ,
                   especially
                   in
                   hot
                   weather
                
                 
                   69
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   fly
                   the
                   Wild-goose
                   or
                   Crane
                   with
                   the
                   Goshawk
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   Mew
                   a
                   Goshawk
                   ,
                   and
                   draw
                   her
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Mew
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   her
                   flying
                
                 
                   70
                
                 
                   Some
                   general
                   Observations
                   for
                   an
                   Ostrager
                   or
                   Faulconer
                   in
                   keeping
                   and
                   reclaiming
                   a
                   Goshawk
                
                 
                   71
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Sparrow-hawk
                
                 
                   73
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Sparrow-hawk
                   ,
                   whether
                   Eyess
                   ,
                   Brancher
                   ,
                   Soar
                   ,
                   Mew'd
                   ,
                   or
                   Haggard
                
                 
                   74
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   Mew
                   Sparrow-hawks
                
                 
                   78
                
                 
                   The
                   duty
                   of
                   a
                   Faulconer
                   ,
                   with
                   necessary
                   Rules
                   and
                   Observations
                   for
                   him
                   to
                   follow
                
                 
                   80
                
                 
                   Of
                   Diseases
                   and
                   dangerous
                   accidents
                   incident
                   to
                   Hawks
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   several
                   Cures
                
                 
                   81
                
                 
                   Of
                   Castings
                   and
                   Mewtings
                   ,
                   either
                   good
                   or
                   bad
                   according
                   to
                   their
                   several
                   complexions
                   and
                   smells
                   .
                
                 
                   82
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Cataract
                
                 
                   85
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Pantas
                   or
                   Asthma
                
                 
                   86
                
                 
                   Of
                   Worms
                
                 
                   87
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Filanders
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   Another
                   approved
                   medicine
                   for
                   Filanders
                   or
                   Worms
                   in
                   Hawks
                
                 
                   88
                
                 
                   Of
                   Hawks
                   Lice
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   A
                   safe
                   and
                   easie
                   way
                   to
                   kill
                   Lice
                   in
                   Hawks
                
                 
                   89
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   keep
                   and
                   maintain
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   Hawks
                   in
                   health
                   ,
                   good
                   plight
                   ,
                   and
                   liking
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Formica
                
                 
                   90
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Frownce
                
                 
                   91
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Pip
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   remedy
                   that
                   Hawk
                   which
                   endeweth
                   not
                   ,
                   nor
                   putteth
                   over
                   as
                   she
                   should
                   do
                
                 
                   92
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   Hawk
                   feed
                   eagerly
                   that
                   bath
                   lost
                   appetite
                   ,
                   without
                   bringing
                   her
                   low
                
                 
                   93
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   raise
                   a
                   Hawk
                   that
                   is
                   low
                   and
                   poor
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   remedy
                   a
                   Hawk
                   that
                   is
                   slothful
                   and
                   averse
                   to
                   flying
                
                 
                   94
                
                 
                   Of
                   swoln
                   feet
                   in
                   a
                   Hawk
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   scour
                   Hawks
                   before
                   you
                   cast
                   them
                   into
                   the
                   Mew
                
                 
                   95
                
                 
                   Penal
                   Laws
                   relating
                   to
                   Hawks
                   and
                   Hawking
                
                 
                   97
                
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Table
                 for
                 FOWLING
                 :
                 Being
                 the
                 Third
                 PART
                 .
              
               
                 
                   WHat
                   Fowling
                   is
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   nature
                   and
                   diversity
                   of
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   Fowl
                
                 
                   Page
                   101
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   haunts
                   of
                   Fowl
                
                 
                   103
                
                 
                   The
                   readiest
                   way
                   to
                   take
                   great
                   Fowl
                   with
                   Nets
                
                 
                   104
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   small
                   Water-fowl
                   with
                   Nets
                
                 
                   105
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   small
                   Birds
                   with
                   Bird-lime
                
                 
                   107
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   great
                   Fowl
                   with
                   Lime-twigs
                
                 
                   109
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   great
                   and
                   lesser
                   Springs
                
                 
                   111
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Fowling-piece
                   and
                   Stalking-horse
                
                 
                   113
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   take
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   Land-fowl
                   by
                   day
                   and
                   night
                
                 
                   118
                
                 
                   Of
                   Bat-fowling
                
                 
                   121
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Day-net
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   to
                   take
                   Birds
                   therewith
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   taking
                   small
                   Birds
                   which
                   use
                   Hedges
                   and
                   Bushes
                   with
                   Lime-twigs
                
                 
                   123
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   make
                   the
                   best
                   sort
                   of
                   Bird-lime
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   to
                   use
                   it
                
                 
                   126
                
                 
                   The
                   best
                   and
                   most
                   experienced
                   way
                   of
                   making
                   Water-bird-lime
                
                 
                   127
                
                 
                   In
                   what
                   manner
                   Snipes
                   may
                   be
                   taken
                   with
                   Bird-lime
                
                 
                   128
                
              
               
               
                 
                   
                
              
               
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Bull-finch
                
                 
                   179
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Green-Finch
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Hedge-Sparrow
                
                 
                   180
                
                 
                   An
                   Abstract
                   of
                   such
                   Penal
                   Laws
                   as
                   concern
                   Fowling
                
                 
                   183
                
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Table
                 for
                 FISHING
                 :
                 Being
                 the
                 Fourth
                 and
                 last
                 PART
                 .
              
               
                 
                   THe
                   Introduction
                
                 
                   Page
                   1
                
                 
                   An
                   Encomium
                   ,
                   or
                   somewhat
                   in
                   praise
                   of
                   Fisher-man
                   and
                   Fishing
                
                 
                   7
                
                 
                   Fish-ponds
                   to
                   improve
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   fish
                   therein
                   contained
                
                 
                   8
                
                 
                   Carps
                   to
                   make
                   them
                   grow
                   to
                   an
                   extraordinary
                   bigness
                   in
                   Pond
                
                 
                   10
                
                 
                   General
                   Observations
                   to
                   be
                   understood
                   in
                   the
                   Art
                   of
                   Angling
                
                 
                   11
                
                 
                   Astrological
                   Elections
                   for
                   Angling
                   in
                   general
                
                 
                   13
                
                 
                   What
                   provision
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   made
                   for
                   Angling-tools
                
                 
                   14
                
                 
                   A
                   Line
                   after
                   the
                   best
                   manner
                   ,
                   how
                   to
                   make
                
                 
                   15
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Hook
                   ,
                   Flote
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   things
                   worth
                   the
                   observation
                
                 
                   16
                
                 
                   Flies
                   Natural
                   and
                   Artificial
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   to
                   use
                   them
                
                 
                   18
                
                 
                   Of
                   Ground-angling
                
                 
                   23
                
                 
                   Of
                   Night-angling
                
                 
                   24
                
                 
                   What
                   times
                   are
                   seasonable
                   ,
                   and
                   what
                   unseasonable
                   to
                   angle
                   in
                
                 
                   25
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Barbel
                
                 
                   27
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Bream
                
                 
                   29
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Bleak
                
                 
                   31
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   
                     Bull-head
                     or
                     Millers-Thumb
                  
                
                 
                   32
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Chevin
                
                 
                   33
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Char
                
                 
                   34
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   
                     Chub
                     ,
                     Cheven
                     ,
                     Chavender
                  
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Carp
                
                 
                   36
                
                 
                   Of
                   Dace
                   or
                   Dare
                
                 
                   38
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Eel
                
                 
                   39
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Flounder
                
                 
                   42
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Gudgeon
                
                 
                   43
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Guiniard
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Loach
                
                 
                   44
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Minnow
                
                 
                   45
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Pope
                   or
                   Ruff
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Pike
                
                 
                   46
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Pearch
                
                 
                   50
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Rud
                
                 
                   52
                
                 
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Roach
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Stickleback
                
                 
                   55
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Salmon
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Tench
                
                 
                   57
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Torcoth
                
                 
                   61
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Trout
                
                 
                   ibid.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Umber
                   or
                   Grayling
                
                 
                   63
                
                 
                   Fishes
                   Haunt
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   64
                
                 
                   Experimental
                   Observations
                   and
                   Directions
                   for
                   Angling
                
                 
                   67
                
                 
                   An
                   Angling
                   Song
                
                 
                   75
                
                 
                   An
                   Abstract
                   of
                   such
                   Penal
                   Laws
                   as
                   relate
                   to
                   Fishing
                
                 
                   76
                
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Table
                 for
                 the
                 HUNTING-HORSE
                 ,
                 Being
                 an
                 Appendix
                 to
                 the
                 First
                 Part.
                 
              
               
                 
                   
                     OF
                     Hunting-Horses
                  
                   in
                   general
                   ,
                   their
                   excellency
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   necessity
                   and
                   benefit
                   of
                   the
                   Art
                   of
                   Keeping
                
                 
                   Page
                   1
                
                 
                   Of
                   Breeding
                   ;
                   the
                   choice
                   of
                   a
                   Stallion
                   ,
                   and
                   Mares
                   ,
                   with
                   some
                   general
                   Remarks
                   on
                   Marks
                   and
                   Colours
                
                 
                   8
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Age
                   a
                   Hunter
                   should
                   be
                   of
                   ,
                   before
                   he
                   be
                   put
                   to
                   Hunting
                   :
                   Of
                   the
                   Stable
                   ,
                   and
                   Groom
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Horses
                   first
                   taking
                   up
                   from
                   Grass
                   ,
                   in
                   order
                   to
                   his
                   further
                   dieting
                
                 
                   24
                
                 
                   How
                   to
                   order
                   the
                   Hunter
                   for
                   the
                   first
                   Fortnight
                
                 
                   34
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   second
                   Fortnights
                   Diet
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   his
                   first
                   Hunting
                   ,
                   and
                   what
                   Chases
                   are
                   most
                   proper
                   to
                   Train
                   him
                
                 
                   50
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Horses
                   third
                   Fortnights
                   Keeping
                   ,
                   and
                   first
                   Thorough-sweating
                
                 
                   64
                
                 
                   Of
                   making
                   a
                   Hunting-Match
                   ,
                   its
                   advantages
                   and
                   disadvantages
                
                 
                   70
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   ordering
                   the
                   Hunter
                   for
                   a
                   Match
                   or
                   Plate
                
                 
                   77
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   means
                   to
                   judge
                   of
                   your
                   Horses
                   state
                   of
                   Body
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   curing
                   all
                   Casualties
                   that
                   may
                   happen
                   after
                   Matching
                
                 
                   87
                
                 
                   Of
                   Riding
                   a
                   Hunting-Match
                   ,
                   or
                   Heats
                   for
                   a
                   Plate
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   advantages
                   belonging
                   to
                   each
                
                 
                   91
                
              
               
                 FINIS
                 .
              
               
            
          
           
             
             
               
            
             
          
        
      
       
         
           
             
             
             
               The
               Hunter
               .
               A
               DISCOVRSE
               of
               HORSEMANSHIP
               :
               Directing
               The
               right
               way
               to
               breed
               ,
               keep
               ,
               and
               train
               a
               HORSE
               ,
               for
               ordinary
               Hunting
               and
               Plates
               .
            
             
               OXFORD
               ,
               Printed
               by
               
                 L.
                 Lichsield
              
               ,
               Printer
               to
               the
               University
               ,
               for
               
                 Nicholas
                 Cox.
              
               1685.
               
            
          
        
         
           
             
             
             
               The
               HUNTER
               .
               
                 CHAP.
                 I.
              
               Of
               Hunting-Horses
               in
               general
               ,
               their
               Excellency
               ,
               and
               the
               necessity
               and
               benefit
               of
               the
               Art
               of
               Keeping
               .
            
             
               I
               Shall
               omit
               to
               speak
               in
               praise
               of
               Hunting
               in
               general
               ,
               since
               I
               would
               avoid
               (
               as
               much
               as
               might
               be
               )
               Repetitions
               ,
               and
               that
               it
               is
               already
               done
               at
               the
               Begining
               of
               the
               
                 foregoing
                 Book
              
               ,
               with
               more
               Address
               than
               I
               am
               Master
               of
               .
               But
               since
               that
               Author
               hath
               spoken
               nothing
               of
               the
               Hunting-Horse
               ,
               which
               is
               a
               principal
               Instrument
               of
               that
               Excellent
               Recreation
               ,
               I
               desire
               leave
               to
               speak
               a
               word
               in
               his
               Behalf
               .
               In
               Behalf
               ,
               I
               say
               ,
               of
               this
               noble
               Creature
               ,
               to
               whom
               all
               that
               are
               Followers
               of
               Hunting
               are
               oblig'd
               :
               since
               it
               is
               by
               his
               Strength
               and
               Vigour
               that
               we
               gratifie
               at
               ease
               our
               Eyes
               and
               Ears
               with
               all
               the
               Pleasures
               that
               Hunting
               affords
               ;
               and
               without
               whose
               Assistance
               ,
               a
               great
               part
               of
               us
               could
               enjoy
               it
               a
               little
               more
               than
               in
               Imagination
               .
            
             
               But
               t
               is
               not
               to
               us
               only
               ,
               that
               are
               Huntsmen
               ,
               but
               to
               all
               Mankind
               ,
               that
               the
               Hunter
               is
               (
               or
               may
               be
               )
               serviceable
               .
               Has
               our
               Prince
               ,
               or
               Country
               occasion
               for
               our
               Service
               in
               the
               Field
               :
               on
               what
               Horse
               can
               we
               venture
               our
               Lives
               more
               securely
               ,
               than
               on
               the
               Hunter
               ?
               His
               
                 Readiness
                 to
                 obey
                 the
                 Hand
                 and
                 Heel
                 ,
              
               equals
               him
               to
               the
               
               
                 Mannag'd
                 Horse
              
               .
               His
               being
               us'd
               to
               
                 gallop
                 on
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Grounds
                 ,
              
               as
               well
               steep
               places
               as
               deep
               Earths
               ,
               has
               so
               
                 steel'd
                 his
                 Couragc
              
               ,
               that
               he
               declines
               no
               
                 Military
                 service
              
               you
               can
               put
               him
               on
               .
               Are
               there
               Ambuscado's
               to
               be
               laid
               ,
               Discoveries
               to
               be
               made
               ,
               speedy
               and
               long
               Marches
               to
               be
               perform'd
               ;
               or
               any
               other
               Service
               ,
               wherein
               
                 Strength
                 of
                 Body
                 ,
                 Purity
                 of
                 Wind
                 ,
              
               or
               Swiftness
               ,
               are
               requir'd
               ?
               The
               General
               may
               in
               any
               of
               these
               cases
               rely
               on
               the
               Hunter
               ,
               with
               as
               much
               Confidence
               ,
               as
               on
               the
               Horse
               that
               is
               
                 dress'd
                 in
                 the
                 Mannage
              
               .
            
             
               In
               times
               of
               Peace
               he
               is
               equally
               Useful
               ,
               not
               only
               for
               Pleasure
               ,
               but
               also
               for
               Necessity
               ,
               and
               Profit
               .
               How
               diverting
               to
               the
               Eyes
               ,
               is
               a
               
                 Beautiful
                 Horse
              
               after
               a
               
                 Pack
                 of
                 Dogs
              
               ?
               and
               with
               how
               much
               ease
               to
               our
               Bodies
               ,
               and
               delight
               to
               our
               Minds
               ,
               are
               we
               
                 carried
                 up
                 to
                 them
              
               ;
               with
               so
               much
               Vigour
               and
               Pride
               to
               be
               discern'd
               in
               his
               Countenance
               ,
               as
               if
               he
               emulated
               the
               Hounds
               in
               their
               Speed
               ,
               and
               was
               desirous
               to
               excell
               them
               ,
               in
               his
               Obedience
               to
               their
               common
               Lord.
               
            
             
               How
               Necessary
               is
               the
               Hunter
               beyond
               all
               other
               Horses
               ,
               if
               his
               Masters
               urgent
               Affairs
               (
               where
               either
               Life
               or
               Fortune
               are
               in
               hazard
               ,
               )
               exact
               the
               performance
               of
               a
               
                 long
                 Journey
              
               in
               a
               short
               Time.
               If
               his
               Master
               ,
               in
               hopes
               of
               Advantage
               ,
               has
               match'd
               him
               against
               any
               other
               Horse
               ;
               how
               ready
               and
               willing
               is
               he
               ,
               to
               persorm
               the
               Utmost
               that
               Nature
               is
               capable
               of
               ,
               or
               his
               Master
               can
               reasonably
               expect
               from
               Him
               ?
               and
               having
               Art
               joyn'd
               to
               his
               
                 natural
                 Abilities
              
               ,
               will
               not
               only
               excell
               all
               other
               Horses
               ,
               but
               accomplish
               things
               beyond
               his
               
                 Masters
                 Hopes
              
               ,
               or
               Expectations
               ;
               for
               without
               its
               Assistance
               in
               Dieting
               and
               Exercise
               ,
               no
               Horse
               can
               
                 follow
                 the
                 Hounds
              
               ,
               or
               indeed
               undergo
               any
               other
               extreme
               Labour
               ,
               without
               hazarding
               the
               
                 melting
                 his
                 Grease
              
               ,
               the
               
                 breaking
                 of
                 his
                 Wind
              
               ,
               or
               foundring
               him
               either
               in
               Feet
               ,
               or
               Body
               :
               all
               which
               are
               consequences
               of
               immoderate
               Labour
               ,
               and
               Ignorance
               in
               this
               Art.
               
            
             
             
               That
               I
               may
               therefore
               give
               you
               some
               Light
               into
               its
               Mysteries
               ,
               I
               shall
               first
               direct
               you
               how
               to
               breed
               such
               Horses
               that
               may
               be
               for
               Training
               ;
               or
               else
               instruct
               you
               ,
               how
               otherwise
               to
               procure
               them
               .
               Secondly
               ,
               how
               to
               know
               by
               
                 Shapes
                 ,
                 Marks
              
               ,
               and
               other
               Tokens
               ,
               what
               Horse
               may
               be
               most
               convenient
               for
               your
               purpose
               .
               Thirdly
               ,
               how
               to
               diet
               him
               so
               ,
               that
               he
               may
               perform
               all
               things
               within
               his
               Power
               ,
               without
               Danger
               .
               Lastly
               ,
               what
               manner
               of
               Exercise
               is
               most
               conducive
               to
               this
               Design
               :
               and
               on
               these
               Heads
               I
               intend
               to
               inlarge
               in
               my
               following
               Discourse
               .
            
             
               But
               before
               I
               enter
               upon
               my
               Subject
               propos'd
               ,
               I
               think
               it
               necessary
               to
               answer
               
                 Four
                 Objections
              
               ,
               that
               may
               be
               made
               against
               this
               
                 Art
                 of
                 Dieting
                 and
                 Training
                 Horses
                 ,
              
               that
               I
               may
               remove
               all
               prejudice
               from
               the
               minds
               of
               those
               ,
               who
               think
               they
               may
               have
               Reason
               to
               oppose
               it
               ;
               and
               that
               I
               may
               vindicate
               (
               with
               Truth
               )
               this
               Art
               ,
               and
               clear
               it
               from
               all
               Aspersions
               .
            
             
               The
               
                 first
                 Objection
              
               I
               shall
               mention
               ,
               is
               made
               by
               
                 de
                 Grey
              
               in
               his
               Epistle
               to
               the
               Reader
               ,
               (
               
                 Edit
                 .
                 4th
              
               .
               )
               where
               under
               the
               Umbrage
               of
               his
               Love
               to
               Horses
               and
               in
               pity
               of
               the
               Hardships
               they
               undergo
               in
               Hunting
               ,
               he
               extreamly
               inveighs
               against
               it
               ,
               as
               the
               Sourse
               of
               all
               their
               Miseries
               .
               But
               that
               I
               may
               not
               be
               tax'd
               of
               Prevarication
               by
               my
               Reader
               ,
               and
               for
               his
               satisfaction
               I
               shall
               set
               down
               his
               Words
               ,
               which
               are
               these
               .
            
             
               
                 If
                 the
                 Nobility
                 and
                 Gentry
                 of
                 this
                 our
                 Isle
                 of
                 Great
                 Britain
                 ,
                 did
                 truly
                 know
                 how
                 honourable
                 ,
                 and
                 how
                 commendable
                 Horsemanship
                 were
                 ,
                 and
                 how
                 much
                 they
                 are
                 esteem'd
                 and
                 admir'd
                 ,
                 who
                 are
                 the
                 true
                 Professors
                 thereof
                 ,
                 they
                 would
                 labour
                 more
                 than
                 they
                 now
                 do
                 ,
                 to
                 breed
                 and
                 to
                 have
                 good
                 Horses
                 ;
                 but
                 it
                 much
                 troubleth
                 me
                 to
                 see
                 ,
                 how
                 little
                 Esteem
                 Gentlemen
                 have
                 thereof
                 .
                 Some
                 Horses
                 they
                 have
                 ,
                 though
                 not
                 for
                 Mannage
                 ,
                 yet
                 for
                 Hunting
                 :
                 but
                 what
                 manner
                 of
                 Hunting
                 ?
                 Fox-hunting
                 forsooth
                 ,
                 or
                 Harriers
                 ,
                 which
                 be
                 as
                 fleet
                 as
                 petty
                 Grey-hounds
                 ,
                 wherewith
                 
                 they
                 do
                 so
                 much
                 over-strain
                 the
                 strength
                 of
                 these
                 poor
                 Horses
                 ,
                 (
                 forcing
                 them
                 over
                 deep
                 Fallows
                 ,
                 tough
                 Clays
                 ,
                 and
                 wet
                 and
                 rough
                 Sands
                 ,
                 )
                 that
                 albeit
                 those
                 Horses
                 be
                 strong
                 and
                 able
                 ,
                 yet
                 are
                 they
                 so
                 toil'd
                 out
                 therewith
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 when
                 they
                 come
                 home
                 at
                 night
                 they
                 would
                 pity
                 the
                 Heart
                 of
                 him
                 that
                 loveth
                 an
                 Horse
                 to
                 see
                 them
                 so
                 bemired
                 ,
                 blooded
                 ,
                 spurred
                 ,
                 lamentably
                 spent
                 ,
                 and
                 tyred
                 out
                 ;
                 whereas
                 if
                 such
                 Horses
                 had
                 been
                 ridden
                 to
                 the
                 Great-Saddle
                 and
                 Cannon
                 ,
                 they
                 would
                 infinitely
                 have
                 delighted
                 all
                 men
                 that
                 should
                 have
                 beheld
                 them
                 .
              
            
             
               To
               this
               I
               answer
               ,
               that
               for
               my
               own
               part
               I
               am
               not
               very
               fond
               of
               
                 Fox
                 hunting
              
               ;
               but
               I
               can
               see
               no
               Reason
               why
               
                 Persons
                 of
                 Honour
              
               should
               not
               gratifie
               their
               Fancies
               with
               this
               Recreation
               ,
               since
               
                 from
                 the
                 beginning
              
               Horses
               were
               made
               for
               the
               service
               of
               Man
               ;
               and
               doubtless
               for
               their
               Recreation
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               more
               necessary
               Uses
               .
               And
               I
               am
               very
               confident
               ,
               that
               if
               Horses
               be
               
                 train'd
                 ,
                 dieted
              
               ,
               and
               ridden
               according
               to
               Art
               ,
               there
               will
               be
               left
               no
               ground
               for
               this
               Objection
               .
               For
               by
               
                 good
                 Feeding
              
               Faintness
               would
               be
               prevented
               ;
               and
               by
               Airing
               ,
               and
               
                 due
                 Exercise
              
               ,
               the
               Horses
               Wind
               would
               be
               so
               improv'd
               ,
               that
               no
               moderate
               Labour
               would
               hurt
               him
               ;
               nay
               ,
               though
               a
               Horse
               by
               
                 immoderate
                 Riding
              
               ,
               were
               reduc'd
               to
               such
               
                 Tragical
                 Exigencies
              
               ,
               as
               
                 De
                 Grey
              
               mentions
               ,
               yet
               by
               the
               Assistance
               of
               
                 Art
                 Nature
              
               may
               be
               in
               
                 Twenty
                 four
                 hours
                 space
              
               so
               reliev'd
               ,
               that
               all
               those
               dangerous
               
                 Symptoms
                 shall
                 be
                 remov'd
              
               ,
               and
               all
               the
               
                 Natural
                 Faculties
              
               act
               as
               formerly
               .
            
             
               Now
               as
               to
               the
               last
               part
               of
               his
               Argument
               ,
               I
               appeal
               to
               all
               the
               greatest
               
                 Masters
                 of
                 Academies
              
               here
               ,
               or
               in
               
                 Foreign
                 Parts
              
               ;
               whether
               in
               the
               Mannage
               ,
               the
               Spurs
               are
               not
               as
               much
               us'd
               ,
               (
               not
               to
               say
               more
               ,
               )
               as
               in
               Hunting
               ;
               and
               the
               Duke
               of
               Newcastle
               in
               his
               
                 Methode
                 Nouvelle
              
               in
               80.
               p.
               85.
               says
               ,
               
                 il
                 n'y
                 a
                 point
                 d'
                 Exercise
                 si
                 violent
                 pour
                 les
                 Chevaux
                 que
                 celuy
                 de
                 Manege
              
               ;
               that
               is
               ,
               There
               is
               no
               Exercise
               so
               violent
               for
               Horses
               as
               the
               Mannage
               ;
               
               so
               that
               you
               see
               Hunting
               is
               not
               the
               only
               violent
               Exercise
               :
               and
               
                 Salomon
                 de
                 la
                 Brove
              
               goes
               further
               in
               his
               
                 Cavalarise
                 Frangoise
              
               ,
               telling
               us
               ,
               that
               
                 Mannag'd
                 Horses
              
               should
               sometimes
               be
               us'd
               to
               the
               Chase
               ,
               since
               hunting
               assists
               his
               wind
               ,
               and
               brings
               him
               to
               a
               
                 civil
                 Acquaintance
              
               with
               other
               Horses
               :
               inferring
               from
               hence
               ,
               that
               hunting
               procures
               to
               an
               Horse
               two
               Benefits
               ,
               viz.
               Speed
               and
               Strength
               ,
               and
               reforms
               in
               him
               two
               Vices
               ,
               Salvageness
               and
               Restiveness
               .
            
             
               Secondly
               ,
               there
               are
               others
               ,
               that
               though
               they
               may
               approve
               of
               keeping
               their
               Horses
               clean
               ,
               yet
               are
               not
               reconcil'd
               to
               hunting
               ;
               but
               being
               either
               Admirers
               of
               Coursing
               ,
               or
               else
               keeping
               Horses
               only
               for
               the
               benefit
               of
               their
               health
               ,
               and
               the
               taking
               the
               Air
               ;
               will
               not
               be
               perswaded
               ,
               but
               that
               they
               can
               bring
               their
               Horses
               to
               the
               same
               Perfection
               without
               hunting
               ,
               as
               with
               it
               .
            
             
               To
               answer
               the
               first
               of
               these
               ,
               I
               mean
               Coursers
               ;
               I
               affirm
               ,
               't
               is
               impossible
               to
               attain
               the
               end
               of
               this
               Art
               by
               that
               Means
               :
               for
               being
               oblig'd
               in
               search
               of
               their
               Game
               to
               toil
               their
               Horses
               all
               day
               ,
               over
               
                 deep
                 Fallows
              
               ,
               in
               a
               foot-pace
               only
               ,
               they
               are
               likelier
               to
               bring
               their
               Horses
               to
               Weariness
               than
               Perfection
               .
            
             
               And
               the
               same
               Answer
               may
               serve
               the
               Others
               likewise
               :
               for
               Riding
               a
               Horse
               up
               and
               down
               the
               Field
               after
               nothing
               ,
               brings
               a
               Weariness
               and
               Dislike
               to
               an
               Horse
               in
               his
               Exercise
               ,
               through
               his
               Ignorance
               of
               the
               Time
               ,
               when
               his
               Labour
               shall
               cease
               ;
               whether
               ,
               or
               to
               what
               End
               he
               is
               so
               labour'd
               .
               Whereas
               on
               the
               contrary
               ,
               an
               Horse
               naturally
               takes
               delight
               in
               
                 following
                 the
                 Dogs
              
               ,
               and
               seems
               pleas'd
               with
               their
               Musick
               ,
               as
               is
               evident
               by
               his
               
                 pricking
                 up
                 his
                 Eaers
              
               ,
               gazing
               on
               them
               ,
               and
               preffing
               to
               gallop
               towards
               them
               ,
               when
               ever
               he
               hears
               them
               in
               full-cry
               ,
               (
               though
               at
               a
               distance
               .
               )
               Nay
               further
               ,
               I
               have
               been
               Master
               of
               a
               Stonehorse
               ,
               that
               so
               entirely
               lov'd
               the
               Hounds
               ,
               that
               when
               at
               any
               time
               (
               through
               eagerness
               of
               Sport
               ,
               and
               desire
               to
               save
               the
               Hare
               from
               being
               
               eaten
               )
               I
               have
               rid
               in
               amongst
               the
               Dogs
               ,
               he
               would
               so
               carefully
               avoid
               treading
               on
               them
               ,
               that
               he
               has
               more
               than
               once
               hazarded
               my
               Limbs
               (
               by
               making
               a
               
                 false
                 step
              
               )
               to
               save
               theirs
               .
               From
               hence
               I
               infer
               ,
               that
               doubtless
               Horses
               extreamly
               
                 delight
                 in
                 hunting
              
               ,
               and
               consequently
               ,
               that
               it
               is
               a
               fit
               Exercise
               for
               them
               .
            
             
               Thirdly
               ,
               Others
               Object
               ,
               That
               what
               soever
               Pleasure
               there
               may
               be
               in
               Hunting
               ,
               they
               had
               rather
               deny
               themselves
               that
               satisfaction
               than
               hazard
               the
               
                 Laming
                 their
                 Horses
              
               ,
               which
               ,
               (
               as
               they
               are
               told
               few
               ,
               or
               no
               Hunters
               escape
               .
            
             
               That
               Hunters
               are
               sometimes
               Lame
               ,
               I
               do
               not
               deny
               :
               but
               cannot
               allow
               ,
               that
               it
               proceeds
               alwaies
               from
               this
               Exercise
               .
               For
               't
               is
               the
               
                 Indiscretion
                 of
                 the
                 Riders
              
               ,
               in
               
                 overstraining
                 their
                 Horses
                 at
                 Leaps
              
               ;
               and
               by
               that
               meanes
               ,
               sometimes
               
                 clapping
                 them
                 on
                 the
                 back-sinews
                 ,
                 catching
                 in
                 their
                 shoos
                 ,
              
               and
               such
               like
               ,
               and
               not
               the
               Sport
               ,
               that
               is
               the
               cause
               of
               Lameness
               .
               But
               on
               the
               contrary
               ,
               I
               will
               undertake
               to
               shew
               any
               man
               Twenty
               other
               Horses
               lame
               (
               which
               never
               knew
               what
               belong'd
               to
               Hunting
               )
               for
               
                 One
                 Hunter
              
               .
               There
               are
               several
               other
               Reasons
               besides
               Hunting
               to
               be
               given
               for
               Lameness
               ;
               as
               for
               Instance
               .
               
                 Much
                 Travel
              
               though
               but
               moderate
               ,
               if
               care
               be
               wanting
               )
               will
               produce
               Wind-galls
               ,
               and
               Splints
               ,
               which
               are
               the
               fore-runners
               of
               Lameness
               .
               Want
               of
               Exercise
               will
               
                 straiten
                 the
                 Hoofs
              
               ,
               and
               
                 dry
                 up
                 the
                 sinews
              
               ;
               and
               too
               much
               negligence
               in
               Travail
               occasions
               
                 Surbating
                 ,
                 Foundring
              
               ,
               and
               Gravailing
               .
               Horses
               on
               the
               Road
               oftentimes
               stumble
               ,
               and
               now
               and
               then
               fall
               ,
               and
               so
               become
               Lame
               .
               Nav
               ,
               a
               Slip
               ,
               or
               an
               Over-reach
               are
               as
               incident
               to
               the
               Pad
               ,
               as
               to
               the
               Hunter
               .
               And
               to
               conclude
               ,
               the
               
                 Horse
                 that
                 is
                 Dressd
              
               ,
               is
               more
               liable
               to
               a
               
                 Strain
                 in
                 the
                 Back
                 ,
                 and
                 Fillets
                 ,
              
               than
               the
               Hunter
               ;
               by
               meanes
               of
               his
               short-turns
               :
               so
               that
               you
               may
               perceive
               that
               Lameness
               is
               Epidemical
               ,
               and
               therefore
               no
               more
               to
               be
               objected
               against
               Hunting-Horses
               ,
               than
               the
               rest
               of
               that
               Species
               .
            
             
             
               Fourthly
               ,
               Some
               again
               are
               .
               Enemies
               to
               this
               Art
               of
               
                 Dyeting
                 Horses
                 in
                 particular
              
               :
               affirming
               ,
               that
               such
               
                 exact
                 Diet
              
               makes
               them
               tender
               ,
               sickly
               ,
               and
               takes
               them
               off
               their
               Stomach
               :
               and
               that
               the
               Charges
               are
               not
               only
               great
               ,
               but
               likewise
               unnecessary
               .
            
             
               To
               the
               
                 First
                 part
              
               of
               this
               Obiection
               ,
               I
               answer
               ,
               that
               an
               Horse
               is
               so
               far
               from
               being
               made
               tender
               ,
               or
               losing
               his
               Appetite
               ,
               by
               such
               extream
               and
               several
               Feedings
               ,
               if
               he
               have
               proportionate
               Exercise
               ,
               that
               it
               rather
               inures
               him
               to
               hardship
               .
               For
               much
               Labour
               (
               if
               not
               too
               violent
               )
               either
               in
               Man
               or
               Beast
               ,
               instead
               of
               weakning
               the
               Ssomack
               ,
               and
               causing
               Sickness
               ,
               does
               rather
               advance
               the
               Appetite
               and
               preserve
               his
               Health
               ;
               and
               it
               may
               be
               observed
               ,
               that
               it
               doth
               oftner
               heighten
               than
               decay
               the
               Stomack
               .
               In
               like
               manner
               moderate
               Airings
               purify
               his
               Wind
               ,
               and
               both
               together
               render
               him
               Healthy
               ,
               and
               fit
               for
               Service
               .
            
             
               As
               to
               the
               several
               sorts
               of
               Food
               ,
               we
               shall
               prove
               in
               the
               sequel
               ,
               that
               every
               part
               of
               it
               is
               both
               nourishing
               ,
               and
               natural
               to
               all
               Horses
               Constitutions
               ;
               so
               that
               consequently
               ,
               t
               is
               not
               only
               allowable
               ,
               but
               necessary
               :
               And
               to
               prove
               this
               ,
               needs
               no
               more
               ;
               than
               to
               ride
               an
               ordinary
               
                 Horse
                 drawn
                 clean
              
               ,
               a
               days
               Hunting
               ,
               or
               three
               Heats
               ,
               and
               a
               Course
               ,
               against
               the
               best
               of
               those
               Horses
               ,
               which
               are
               kept
               by
               such
               Persons
               who
               think
               that
               half
               a
               Peck
               a
               Day
               ,
               and
               fetching
               his
               water
               at
               the
               next
               Spring
               is
               Horsemanship
               sufficient
               ;
               and
               they
               will
               find
               by
               keeping
               and
               Exercise
               ,
               the
               
                 Ordinary
                 Horse
              
               will
               become
               long
               winded
               ,
               and
               
                 stick
                 at
                 Mark
              
               :
               when
               the
               other
               that
               is
               Foul-fed
               ,
               and
               fat
               ,
               will
               soon
               give
               out
               ,
               for
               want
               of
               Wind
               ;
               or
               otherwise
               if
               he
               be
               hardy
               will
               dy
               under
               the
               Spur
               ;
               whereas
               if
               the
               untrained
               Horse
               had
               been
               rightly
               ordered
               he
               would
               have
               worsted
               Twenty
               such
               Horses
               .
            
             
               Now
               to
               the
               
                 Charges
                 of
                 Keeping
                 ,
                 Fifty
                 Shillings
                 a
                 Year
              
               disburs'd
               for
               Bread
               ,
               besides
               
                 Hay
                 ,
                 Straw
                 ,
                 Corn
              
               
               and
               Physick
               ,
               (
               which
               all
               
                 Horses
                 of
                 Value
              
               must
               be
               allowed
               )
               is
               all
               that
               will
               be
               requisite
               ,
               to
               keep
               an
               Horse
               in
               as
               good
               State
               for
               Ordinary
               Hunting
               ,
               as
               any
               Horse
               whatsoever
               .
               Lastly
               by
               being
               Skilful
               in
               the
               
                 Art
                 of
                 Keeping
              
               ,
               this
               Advantage
               will
               insue
               ;
               that
               no
               Distemper
               relating
               either
               to
               the
               Head
               or
               Body
               can
               conceal
               themselves
               from
               his
               keepers
               knowledge
               ,
               whose
               Skill
               will
               inform
               him
               ,
               how
               to
               put
               a
               stop
               to
               them
               ,
               before
               they
               have
               made
               any
               considerable
               Advances
               to
               the
               Horses
               Prejudice
               .
               And
               he
               that
               grudges
               so
               small
               an
               Expence
               on
               so
               noble
               and
               useful
               a
               Creature
               as
               an
               Horse
               is
               ,
               deserves
               never
               to
               come
               on
               the
               back
               of
               one
               .
            
          
           
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 II.
              
               Of
               Breeding
               ,
               the
               Choice
               of
               a
               Stallion
               ,
               and
               Mares
               ,
               with
               some
               general
               Remarks
               on
               Marks
               and
               Colours
               .
            
             
               SInce
               Creation
               and
               Generation
               preceeded
               the
               
                 Art
                 of
                 Riding
              
               ,
               and
               that
               the
               first
               thing
               which
               is
               of
               Course
               to
               be
               treated
               of
               ,
               is
               the
               Choice
               of
               an
               Horse
               fit
               for
               this
               exercise
               of
               Hunting
               ,
               I
               shall
               speak
               somthing
               cursorily
               of
               the
               Art
               of
               Breeding
               ,
               before
               I
               treat
               of
               the
               Hunter
               ready
               for
               service
               .
               To
               them
               therefore
               that
               have
               grounds
               convenient
               for
               Breed
               ,
               I
               shall
               direct
               this
               part
               of
               my
               discourse
               :
               and
               lay
               them
               down
               some
               few
               Rules
               that
               may
               be
               serviceable
               to
               them
               ,
               though
               I
               shall
               be
               as
               brief
               as
               possible
               ,
               and
               refer
               them
               to
               
                 Markham
                 ,
                 de
                 Grey
                 ,
                 Morgan
                 ,
                 Almond
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Farring
                 Compleated
              
               ,
               (
               which
               is
               collected
               from
               the
               forementioned
               Authors
               
               Markham
               and
               
                 de
                 Grey
              
               )
               all
               which
               have
               treated
               of
               the
               Art
               of
               Breeding
               more
               at
               large
               .
            
             
               First
               therefore
               I
               wonld
               advise
               you
               to
               buy
               either
               an
               
                 Arabian
                 Horse
              
               (
               if
               you
               can
               procure
               him
               ,
               )
               a
               Spaniard
               ,
               a
               Turk
               ,
               or
               a
               Barb
               ,
               for
               your
               Stallion
               ,
               that
               is
               well
               shap'd
               ,
               of
               a
               good
               Colour
               to
               beautify
               your
               Race
               ,
               and
               well
               mark'd
               ,
               to
               agree
               with
               most
               mens
               Opinions
               ;
               though
               otherwise
               they
               are
               not
               so
               significative
               as
               Mr.
               Blundevile
               ,
               and
               his
               Italian
               Author
               
                 Frederigo
                 Grissone
              
               ,
               would
               have
               us
               believe
               .
            
             
               To
               begin
               with
               the
               Arabian
               ;
               Merchants
               ,
               and
               other
               Gentlemen
               that
               have
               travell'd
               those
               parts
               ,
               report
               ,
               that
               the
               right
               Arabians
               are
               valu'd
               at
               an
               incredible
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               an
               intolerable
               Rate
               ;
               being
               priz'd
               at
               
                 Five
                 hundred
              
               ,
               others
               say
               at
               
                 one
                 ,
                 two
              
               ,
               and
               
                 three
                 thousand
                 Pounds
              
               an
               Horse
               ;
               that
               the
               Arabs
               are
               as
               careful
               of
               keeping
               the
               Genealogies
               of
               their
               Horses
               ,
               as
               Princes
               in
               keeping
               their
               Pedigrees
               ;
               that
               they
               keep
               them
               with
               Medals
               ;
               and
               that
               each
               Son's
               Portion
               is
               usually
               
                 two
                 Suits
                 of
                 Arms
                 ,
                 two
                 Cymeters
                 ,
              
               and
               one
               of
               these
               Horses
               .
               The
               Arabs
               boast
               ,
               that
               they
               will
               ride
               
                 fourscore
                 miles
              
               a
               day
               ,
               without
               
                 drawing
                 Bitt
              
               :
               which
               has
               been
               perform'd
               by
               several
               of
               our
               English
               Horses
               .
               But
               much
               more
               was
               atchiev'd
               by
               an
               High
               way-man's
               Horse
               ;
               who
               having
               taken
               a
               Booty
               ,
               on
               the
               same
               day
               rode
               him
               from
               London
               to
               York
               ,
               being
               
                 One
                 hundred
                 and
                 Fifty
                 Miles
              
               .
               Notwithstanding
               their
               great
               value
               ,
               and
               the
               difficulty
               in
               bringing
               them
               from
               Scanderoon
               to
               England
               by
               Sea
               ;
               yet
               by
               the
               care
               ,
               and
               at
               the
               charge
               of
               some
               Breeders
               in
               the
               North
               ,
               the
               Arabian
               Horse
               is
               no
               stranger
               to
               those
               parts
               ;
               where
               Persons
               who
               have
               the
               curiosity
               ,
               may
               (
               as
               I
               presume
               )
               at
               this
               Day
               see
               some
               of
               the
               Race
               ,
               if
               not
               a
               true
               
                 Arabian
                 Stallion
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Spanish
               Horse
               (
               according
               to
               the
               
                 Duke
                 of
                 Newcastle
              
               )
               is
               the
               Noblest
               Horse
               in
               the
               world
               ,
               and
               the
               most
               Beautiful
               that
               can
               be
               ;
               no
               Horse
               is
               so
               curiously
               shap'd
               
               all
               over
               from
               Head
               to
               Croup
               ,
               and
               he
               is
               absolutely
               the
               
                 best
                 Stallion
              
               in
               the
               world
               ,
               whether
               you
               design
               your
               Breed
               for
               the
               Mannage
               ,
               the
               War
               ,
               the
               
                 Pad
                 ,
                 Hunting
              
               ,
               or
               for
               Running
               Horses
               .
               But
               as
               he
               is
               excellent
               ,
               so
               he
               wants
               not
               for
               price
               ,
               Three
               or
               
                 Four
                 hundred
                 Pistols
              
               being
               a
               common
               Rate
               for
               a
               Spanish
               Horse
               .
               Several
               have
               been
               sold
               for
               
                 Seven
                 hundred
                 ,
                 Eight
                 hundred
              
               ,
               and
               a
               
                 Thousand
                 Pistols
              
               a
               piece
               ;
               and
               One
               particular
               Horse
               ,
               called
               
                 el
                 Bravo
              
               ,
               that
               was
               sent
               to
               the
               Arch-Duke
               Leopold
               ,
               was
               held
               worth
               as
               much
               as
               a
               Mannour
               of
               a
               
                 Thousand
                 Crowns
              
               a
               year
               .
               The
               best
               Spanish
               Horses
               are
               bred
               in
               Andalouzia
               ,
               and
               particularly
               at
               Cordova
               ,
               where
               the
               King
               has
               many
               Studds
               of
               Mares
               ,
               and
               so
               have
               several
               of
               the
               Spanish
               Nobility
               and
               Gentry
               .
               Now
               besides
               the
               great
               price
               at
               first
               ,
               the
               Charges
               of
               the
               Journey
               from
               Spain
               to
               England
               will
               be
               very
               considerable
               :
               for
               first
               ,
               he
               must
               travel
               from
               Andalouzia
               to
               Bilbo
               ,
               or
               St
               Sebastien
               ,
               the
               neerest
               Ports
               to
               England
               ,
               and
               is
               at
               least
               
                 Four
                 hundred
                 Miles
              
               :
               and
               in
               that
               hot
               Country
               you
               cannot
               with
               safety
               travel
               your
               Horse
               above
               twenty
               Miles
               a
               day
               ,
               then
               there
               is
               the
               Expence
               of
               your
               Groom
               and
               Farrier
               ,
               besides
               the
               casualty
               of
               
                 Lameness
                 ,
                 Sickness
              
               ,
               and
               Death
               :
               so
               that
               though
               he
               do
               prove
               an
               
                 Extraordinary
                 good
              
               Horse
               ,
               by
               that
               time
               he
               arrives
               at
               your
               own
               home
               he
               will
               likewise
               be
               an
               
                 Extraordinary
                 dear
              
               one
               .
            
             
               The
               Turk
               is
               little
               inferior
               to
               the
               Spanish
               Horse
               in
               Beauty
               ,
               but
               somewhat
               odd-shap'd
               ,
               his
               head
               being
               somewhat
               like
               that
               of
               a
               Camel
               :
               He
               hath
               excellent
               Eyes
               ,
               a
               thin
               Neck
               
                 excellently
                 risen
              
               ,
               and
               somewhat
               large
               of
               body
               :
               his
               Croup
               is
               like
               that
               of
               a
               Mule
               ;
               his
               Legs
               not
               so
               underlimb'd
               as
               those
               of
               the
               Barb
               ,
               but
               very
               sinewy
               ,
               good
               Pasterns
               ,
               and
               good
               Hoofs
               :
               They
               never
               amble
               ,
               but
               trot
               very
               well
               :
               and
               are
               accounted
               at
               this
               present
               better
               Stallions
               for
               Gallopers
               than
               Barbs
               ,
               as
               when
               I
               come
               to
               speak
               of
               them
               )
               I
               shall
               shew
               .
            
             
             
               Some
               Merchants
               affirm
               ,
               that
               there
               cannot
               be
               a
               more
               noble
               and
               divertive
               sight
               to
               a
               Lover
               of
               Horses
               ,
               than
               to
               walk
               into
               the
               Pastures
               near
               Constantinople
               ,
               about
               Soyling-time
               ,
               where
               he
               may
               see
               many
               hundred
               gallant
               Horses
               tethred
               ,
               and
               every
               Horse
               has
               his
               Attendant
               or
               Keeper
               ,
               with
               his
               little
               Tent
               (
               plac'd
               near
               him
               )
               to
               lie
               in
               ,
               that
               he
               may
               look
               to
               him
               ,
               and
               take
               care
               to
               shift
               him
               to
               fresh
               Grass
               ,
               as
               occasion
               requires
               .
            
             
               The
               Price
               of
               a
               Turk
               is
               commonly
               
                 One
                 hundred
              
               or
               
                 One
                 hundred
              
               and
               
                 Fifty
                 Pounds
              
               a
               Horse
               ,
               and
               when
               bought
               t
               is
               difficult
               to
               get
               a
               Pass
               ;
               the
               
                 Grand
                 Segnior
              
               being
               so
               very
               strict
               ,
               that
               He
               seldom
               (
               but
               upon
               extraordinary
               oecasions
               )
               permits
               any
               of
               his
               Horses
               to
               be
               exported
               his
               Dominions
               .
               But
               if
               (
               when
               obtain'd
               )
               you
               travel
               by
               Land
               ,
               without
               a
               Turk
               or
               two
               for
               your
               Convoy
               ,
               you
               will
               be
               sure
               to
               have
               them
               seiz'd
               on
               by
               the
               way
               .
               Then
               ,
               as
               in
               the
               former
               ,
               so
               here
               ,
               you
               will
               find
               the
               same
               difficulties
               of
               a
               
                 long
                 Journey
              
               ,
               (
               for
               you
               must
               come
               through
               Germany
               ,
               which
               is
               a
               long
               way
               ,
               )
               aud
               the
               same
               charges
               attending
               it
               ,
               I
               mean
               your
               Groom
               and
               Farrier
               ,
               who
               must
               be
               careful
               that
               they
               entrust
               no
               Persons
               whatsoever
               with
               the
               care
               of
               him
               ,
               but
               themselves
               ,
               especially
               in
               shooing
               of
               him
               :
               For
               t
               is
               the
               common
               practice
               beyond
               Sea
               ,
               (
               as
               well
               as
               here
               )
               where
               they
               discover
               a
               fine
               Horse
               ,
               to
               hire
               a
               Farrier
               to
               prick
               him
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               buy
               him
               for
               a
               Stallion
               .
            
             
               But
               some
               People
               chuse
               to
               buy
               Horses
               at
               Smyrna
               in
               Anatolia
               ,
               and
               from
               thence
               ,
               as
               likewise
               srom
               Constantinople
               ,
               transport
               them
               to
               England
               by
               Sea
               ;
               which
               ,
               if
               the
               Wind
               serve
               right
               ,
               arrive
               in
               England
               in
               a
               month
               ,
               though
               generally
               the
               Merchants
               make
               their
               Voyages
               little
               less
               than
               a
               
                 Quarter
                 of
                 a
                 year
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Barb
               is
               little
               inferior
               to
               any
               of
               the
               former
               in
               beauty
               ,
               only
               he
               is
               accounted
               by
               our
               
                 Modern
                 Breeders
              
               too
               slender
               and
               Lady-like
               to
               breed
               on
               :
               and
               therefore
               in
               the
               North
               ,
               at
               this
               instant
               ,
               they
               prefer
               the
               Spanish
               
               Horse
               and
               Turk
               before
               him
               .
               He
               is
               so
               lazy
               and
               negligent
               in
               his
               walk
               ,
               that
               he
               will
               stumble
               on
               Carpet-ground
               .
               His
               Trot
               is
               like
               that
               of
               a
               Cow
               ,
               his
               Gallop
               low
               ,
               and
               with
               much
               ease
               to
               himself
               .
               But
               he
               is
               for
               the
               most
               part
               sinewy
               ,
               and
               nervous
               ,
               excellently
               winded
               ,
               and
               good
               for
               a
               Course
               ,
               is
               he
               be
               not
               over-weighted
               .
            
             
               The
               Mountain-Barbs
               are
               accounted
               tbe
               best
               ,
               because
               they
               are
               the
               strongest
               and
               largest
               .
               They
               belong
               to
               the
               Allarbes
               ,
               who
               value
               them
               as
               much
               themselves
               ,
               as
               they
               are
               priz'd
               by
               any
               other
               Nations
               ,
               and
               therefore
               they
               will
               not
               part
               with
               them
               to
               any
               Persons
               except
               to
               the
               
                 Prince
                 of
                 the
                 Band
              
               to
               which
               they
               belong
               ;
               who
               can
               at
               any
               time
               ,
               at
               his
               pleasure
               ,
               command
               them
               for
               his
               own
               use
               .
               But
               for
               the
               other
               more
               ordinary
               sort
               ,
               they
               are
               to
               be
               met
               with
               pretty
               common
               ,
               in
               the
               hands
               of
               several
               of
               our
               Nobility
               and
               Gentry
               ;
               or
               if
               you
               send
               into
               Languedoc
               and
               Provence
               in
               France
               ,
               they
               may
               be
               there
               bought
               for
               forty
               or
               
                 fifty
                 Pistols
              
               a
               Horse
               .
               Or
               if
               you
               will
               send
               into
               Barbary
               ,
               you
               may
               have
               one
               for
               
                 Thirty
                 Pounds
              
               ,
               or
               thereabouts
               .
               But
               here
               too
               the
               charges
               and
               journey
               will
               be
               great
               ;
               for
               though
               from
               Tunis
               to
               Marselles
               in
               France
               be
               no
               great
               Voyage
               ,
               yet
               from
               Marselles
               to
               Callais
               by
               Land
               measures
               the
               length
               of
               all
               Franee
               ,
               and
               from
               thence
               they
               are
               shipt
               for
               England
               .
            
             
               The
               next
               thing
               of
               course
               to
               be
               treated
               of
               ,
               is
               the
               choice
               of
               your
               Mares
               ,
               and
               the
               fittest
               Mare
               to
               breed
               out
               of
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               Duke
               of
               Newcastle's
               opinion
               ,
               is
               one
               that
               has
               been
               bred
               of
               an
               
                 English
                 Mare
              
               ,
               and
               a
               Stallion
               of
               either
               of
               these
               Races
               ;
               but
               if
               such
               a
               Mare
               be
               not
               to
               be
               got
               ,
               then
               make
               choice
               of
               a
               
                 right
                 bred
                 English
                 Mare
                 by
                 Sire
              
               and
               Dam
               ,
               that
               is
               
                 well
                 fore-handed
                 ,
                 well
                 underlaid
              
               ,
               and
               strong
               put
               together
               in
               general
               ;
               and
               in
               particular
               ,
               see
               that
               she
               have
               a
               
                 lean
                 Head
                 ,
                 wide
                 Nostrils
                 ,
                 open
                 Chaul
                 ,
                 a
                 big
                 Weasand
                 ,
              
               and
               the
               
                 Windpipe
                 straight
              
               and
               loose
               ,
               and
               chuse
               her
               about
               five
               or
               six
               year
               
               old
               ,
               and
               be
               sure
               that
               the
               Stallion
               be
               not
               too
               old
               .
            
             
               Now
               for
               the
               Food
               of
               the
               Stallion
               ,
               I
               would
               have
               you
               keep
               him
               as
               high
               as
               possible
               for
               four
               or
               five
               months
               before
               the
               time
               of
               Covering
               ,
               with
               
                 old
                 clean
                 Oats
              
               ,
               and
               
                 split
                 Beans
              
               ,
               well
               hull'd
               ;
               to
               which
               you
               may
               add
               ,
               if
               you
               please
               ,
               Bread
               ,
               (
               such
               as
               in
               this
               Book
               shall
               be
               hereafter
               directed
               )
               and
               now
               and
               then
               ,
               for
               variety
               ,
               you
               may
               give
               him
               an
               handful
               of
               clean
               Wheat
               ,
               or
               Oats
               washt
               in
               strong
               Ale
               ;
               but
               as
               for
               Bay-salt
               ,
               and
               Anniseeds
               ,
               which
               Mr.
               Morgan
               ,
               in
               his
               
                 Perfection
                 of
                 Horsemanship
              
               ,
               advises
               should
               be
               scatter'd
               amongst
               his
               Provender
               ,
               I
               hold
               them
               superfluous
               whilst
               the
               Horse
               is
               in
               health
               ,
               but
               be
               sure
               let
               him
               have
               plenty
               of
               good
               
                 old
                 sweet
                 Hay
              
               ,
               well
               cleansed
               from
               Dust
               ,
               and
               good
               Wheat-straw
               to
               lie
               on
               ;
               and
               let
               him
               be
               watred
               twice
               every
               day
               at
               some
               fair
               running
               Spring
               ,
               or
               else
               a
               clear
               standing
               Pond-water
               (
               where
               the
               other
               is
               not
               to
               be
               had
               )
               near
               some
               Meadow
               or
               level
               piece
               of
               Ground
               ,
               where
               you
               may
               gallop
               him
               after
               he
               hath
               drunk
               .
               When
               you
               have
               brought
               him
               to
               the
               water
               ,
               do
               not
               suffer
               him
               to
               drink
               his
               Fill
               at
               the
               first
               ,
               but
               after
               he
               has
               taken
               his
               first
               draught
               ,
               gallop
               and
               scope
               him
               up
               and
               down
               a
               little
               to
               warm
               it
               ,
               and
               then
               bring
               him
               to
               the
               water
               again
               ,
               and
               let
               him
               drink
               what
               he
               please
               ,
               and
               after
               that
               gallop
               him
               as
               you
               did
               before
               ,
               never
               leaving
               the
               Water
               till
               you
               find
               he
               will
               drink
               no
               more
               .
               By
               this
               means
               you
               will
               prevent
               raw
               Crudities
               ,
               which
               the
               Coldness
               of
               the
               Water
               would
               produce
               to
               the
               detriment
               of
               the
               Stomach
               ,
               if
               you
               had
               permitted
               him
               to
               drink
               his
               fill
               at
               first
               ;
               whereas
               you
               allowing
               him
               his
               fill
               (
               though
               by
               degrees
               )
               at
               last
               ,
               you
               keep
               his
               Body
               from
               drying
               too
               fast
               .
               And
               this
               I
               take
               to
               be
               much
               better
               for
               your
               Horses
               than
               (
               according
               to
               the
               forecited
               Morgan
               )
               to
               incourage
               his
               Water
               with
               Whitewine
               ,
               to
               qualifie
               the
               cold
               quality
               thereof
               :
               for
               Nature
               it self
               is
               the
               best
               Directress
               for
               the
               expulsion
               of
               her
               Enemies
               .
               
               especially
               in
               Brutes
               ,
               where
               usually
               she
               can
               command
               the
               Appetite
               :
               and
               therefore
               I
               esteem
               his
               own
               
                 natural
                 heat
              
               ,
               for
               
                 warming
                 his
                 water
              
               ,
               to
               be
               better
               than
               that
               which
               proceeds
               from
               any
               other
               .
               Now
               as
               to
               Morgan's
               Direction
               of
               Sweating
               him
               every
               day
               early
               in
               the
               Morning
               ,
               which
               he
               says
               
                 will
                 not
                 only
                 perfect
                 disgestion
                 ;
                 and
                 exhaust
                 the
                 moisture
                 from
                 his
                 Seed
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 strengthen
                 and
                 cleanse
                 his
                 Blood
                 and
                 Body
                 from
                 all
                 raw
                 and
                 imperfect
                 humors
              
               ;
               I
               am
               of
               opinion
               t
               will
               both
               dry
               up
               the
               
                 radical
                 Moisture
              
               too
               fast
               ,
               and
               likewise
               instead
               of
               heightning
               his
               Pride
               and
               Lust
               ,
               (
               which
               he
               alledges
               ,
               )
               weaken
               him
               too
               much
               .
               Other
               Rules
               might
               be
               given
               as
               to
               the
               ordering
               of
               them
               after
               Water
               ,
               and
               the
               Hours
               of
               Feeding
               ,
               with
               the
               quantity
               &c.
               but
               these
               will
               be
               fitter
               to
               be
               handled
               in
               another
               place
               ,
               and
               therefore
               no
               more
               of
               them
               here
               .
            
             
               Now
               when
               your
               Stallion
               is
               in
               Lust
               ,
               and
               the
               Time
               for
               Covering
               is
               come
               ,
               which
               is
               best
               to
               be
               in
               May
               ,
               that
               the
               Foles
               may
               fall
               in
               April
               following
               ,
               otherwise
               they
               will
               have
               little
               or
               no
               Grass
               ,
               if
               they
               should
               be
               
                 put
                 together
              
               (
               according
               to
               Markham's
               opinion
               )
               in
               the
               middle
               of
               March
               tho
               he
               holds
               that
               
                 one
                 Fole
                 falling
                 in
                 March
              
               is
               worth
               
                 two
                 falling
                 in
                 May
              
               ,
               
                 because
                 (
                 saith
                 he
                 )
                 he
                 possesseth
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 ,
                 two
                 Winters
                 in
                 a
                 year
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 thereby
                 so
                 hardened
                 ,
                 that
                 nothing
                 can
                 almost
                 after
                 impair
                 him
                 .
              
               The
               time
               I
               say
               being
               come
               to
               put
               your
               Stallion
               and
               Mares
               together
               ,
               pull
               off
               his
               
                 hinder
                 Shoes
              
               ,
               and
               lead
               him
               to
               the
               place
               where
               the
               Stud
               of
               Mares
               are
               ,
               which
               you
               intend
               for
               covering
               ,
               which
               place
               ought
               to
               be
               close
               well
               fenc'd
               ,
               and
               in
               it
               a
               little
               Hutt
               for
               a
               Man
               to
               lie
               in
               ,
               and
               a
               larger
               Shed
               with
               a
               Manger
               to
               feed
               your
               Stallion
               with
               Breud
               and
               Corn
               ,
               during
               his
               Abode
               with
               the
               Mares
               ,
               and
               to
               shelter
               him
               in
               the
               
                 heat
                 of
                 the
                 Day
              
               and
               in
               
                 Rainy
                 weather
              
               ,
               and
               this
               Close
               ought
               to
               be
               of
               sufficient
               langeness
               to
               keep
               your
               Mares
               well
               for
               two
               months
               .
            
             
             
               Before
               you
               pull
               of
               his
               Bridle
               ,
               let
               him
               cover
               a
               Mare
               or
               two
               
                 in
                 hand
              
               ,
               then
               turn
               him
               loose
               amongst
               them
               ,
               and
               put
               all
               your
               Mares
               to
               him
               ,
               as
               well
               those
               which
               are
               with
               Foale
               ,
               as
               those
               which
               are
               not
               ,
               for
               there
               is
               no
               danger
               in
               it
               ;
               and
               by
               that
               means
               they
               will
               all
               be
               serv'd
               in
               their
               
                 height
                 of
                 Lust
              
               ,
               and
               according
               to
               the
               
                 intention
                 of
                 Nature
              
               .
               When
               your
               Stallion
               has
               cover'd
               them
               once
               ,
               he
               tries
               them
               all
               over
               again
               ,
               and
               those
               which
               will
               admit
               him
               he
               serves
               ;
               and
               when
               his
               business
               is
               finish'd
               ,
               he
               
                 beats
                 the
                 Pale
              
               ,
               and
               attempts
               to
               be
               at
               Liberty
               ;
               which
               when
               your
               Man
               finds
               ,
               (
               who
               is
               Night
               and
               Day
               to
               observe
               them
               ,
               and
               to
               take
               care
               that
               no
               other
               Mares
               are
               put
               to
               your
               Horse
               ,
               and
               to
               give
               you
               an
               Account
               ,
               
                 which
                 take
                 the
                 horse
              
               ,
               and
               
                 which
                 not
              
               ,
               &c.
               )
               let
               him
               be
               
                 taken
                 up
              
               ,
               and
               let
               him
               be
               well
               kept
               as
               before
               ;
               only
               you
               may
               at
               the
               first
               give
               him
               a
               good
               Mash
               or
               two
               ,
               to
               help
               to
               
                 restore
                 Nature
              
               ,
               for
               you
               will
               find
               him
               nothing
               but
               
                 Skin
                 and
                 Bones
              
               ,
               and
               his
               Mane
               and
               Tail
               will
               
                 rot
                 off
              
               .
               Be
               sure
               give
               him
               never
               above
               Ten
               or
               
                 Twelve
                 Mares
              
               in
               a
               Season
               ,
               at
               most
               ;
               otherwise
               you
               will
               scarce
               recover
               him
               against
               the
               next
               Years
               Covering-time
               .
            
             
               When
               your
               Stallion
               is
               past
               this
               use
               ,
               then
               buy
               another
               ;
               but
               be
               sure
               never
               make
               use
               of
               a
               Horse
               of
               your
               own
               Breed
               ,
               for
               by
               so
               doing
               the
               
                 Best
                 Kind
              
               would
               in
               time
               degenerate
               :
               but
               you
               cannot
               do
               better
               (
               the
               Duke
               of
               Newcastle
               says
               )
               than
               to
               let
               your
               
                 own
                 Mares
              
               be
               cover'd
               by
               their
               Sire
               ,
               for
               (
               according
               to
               his
               own
               words
               and
               opinion
               )
               
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 Incest
                 in
                 Horses
                 :
              
               and
               by
               this
               means
               they
               are
               nearer
               
                 one
                 degree
              
               to
               the
               Purity
               and
               Head
               of
               the
               Fountain
               ,
               from
               which
               they
               are
               deriv'd
               ,
               since
               a
               fine
               Horse
               got
               them
               ,
               and
               the
               
                 same
                 fine
              
               Horse
               covers
               them
               again
               .
            
             
               Now
               though
               the
               
                 Duke
                 of
                 Newcastle
              
               affirms
               this
               to
               be
               the
               true
               way
               for
               covering
               Mares
               ,
               alledging
               that
               Nature
               is
               wiser
               than
               Art
               in
               the
               
                 Act
                 of
                 Generation
              
               ,
               and
               
               that
               by
               this
               way
               ,
               of
               a
               dozen
               Mares
               he
               dare
               affirm
               that
               two
               shall
               not
               fail
               :
               yet
               it
               may
               not
               correspond
               with
               the
               Interest
               of
               some
               
                 private
                 Gentlemen
              
               who
               turn
               Breeders
               for
               Profit
               as
               well
               as
               Pleasure
               ;
               for
               a
               good
               Stallion
               bearing
               such
               an
               extraordinary
               rate
               ,
               and
               they
               having
               but
               One
               ,
               have
               reason
               to
               be
               cautions
               ,
               to
               avoid
               as
               much
               as
               can
               be
               all
               hazardous
               Experiments
               ;
               which
               (
               with
               submission
               to
               the
               Duke's
               Judgment
               )
               this
               in
               some
               cases
               may
               prove
               .
               For
               first
               ,
               there
               have
               been
               Horses
               of
               great
               spirit
               ,
               that
               have
               kill'd
               themselves
               through
               excess
               of
               Lust
               ,
               being
               left
               to
               range
               at
               their
               liberty
               ;
               and
               those
               that
               have
               been
               confin'd
               to
               an
               Enclosure
               ,
               &
               a
               select
               number
               of
               Mares
               ,
               have
               yet
               in
               one
               Weeks
               space
               so
               weaken'd
               Nature
               ,
               that
               not
               above
               half
               the
               Mares
               have
               held
               .
               Secondly
               ,
               some
               Mares
               are
               of
               so
               hot
               a
               constitution
               of
               Nature
               ,
               and
               their
               Lust
               so
               violent
               ,
               that
               if
               they
               are
               permitted
               to
               run
               long
               with
               the
               Horse
               ,
               after
               they
               have
               conceived
               ,
               will
               (
               if
               they
               be
               
                 high
                 in
                 flesh
              
               and
               lusty
               )
               desire
               the
               Horse
               again
               ,
               which
               generally
               hazards
               the
               Loss
               of
               the
               Embrio
               they
               go
               with
               .
            
             
               To
               prevent
               therefore
               these
               Inconveniences
               ,
               I
               shall
               lay
               you
               down
               an
               other
               Method
               (
               as
               briefly
               as
               may
               be
               ,
               )
               which
               is
               called
               
                 covering
                 in
                 hand
              
               ,
               as
               the
               former
               is
               generally
               term'd
               
                 out
                 of
                 hand
              
               ,
               and
               the
               way
               is
               this
               :
               viz.
               when
               you
               have
               brought
               both
               your
               Horse
               and
               Mare
               to
               as
               proper
               condition
               for
               Breed
               by
               Art
               and
               
                 good
                 feeding
              
               ,
               then
               set
               some
               ordinary
               Ston'd-Nag
               by
               her
               for
               a
               day
               or
               two
               to
               wooe
               her
               ,
               and
               by
               that
               means
               she
               will
               be
               so
               prone
               to
               Lust
               ,
               that
               she
               will
               readily
               receive
               your
               Stallion
               ;
               which
               you
               should
               present
               to
               her
               either
               early
               in
               a
               Morning
               ,
               or
               late
               in
               an
               Evening
               ,
               for
               a
               day
               or
               two
               together
               ,
               and
               let
               him
               
                 cover
                 her
                 in
                 hand
              
               once
               ,
               or
               twice
               if
               you
               please
               ,
               at
               each
               time
               ,
               observing
               always
               to
               give
               the
               Horse
               the
               
                 advantage
                 of
                 Ground
              
               ,
               and
               that
               you
               have
               some
               one
               ready
               with
               a
               Pucket
               of
               
                 cold
                 water
              
               to
               throw
               on
               the
               Mare
               's
               Shape
               ,
               
               immediately
               on
               the
               dismounting
               of
               the
               Horse
               ,
               which
               will
               make
               her
               retain
               the
               Seed
               received
               the
               better
               ,
               especially
               if
               you
               get
               on
               her
               back
               ,
               and
               trot
               her
               about
               a
               quarter
               of
               an
               Hours
               space
               ,
               but
               in
               any
               case
               have
               a
               care
               of
               heating
               ,
               or
               straining
               her
               :
               and
               it
               will
               not
               be
               amiss
               ,
               if
               after
               every
               such
               act
               you
               let
               them
               
                 fast
                 two
                 Hours
              
               ,
               and
               then
               give
               each
               of
               them
               a
               warm
               Mash
               ;
               and
               t
               is
               odds
               but
               this
               way
               your
               Mares
               may
               be
               as
               well
               serv'd
               as
               the
               other
               ,
               and
               yet
               your
               Stallion
               will
               last
               you
               much
               longer
               .
            
             
               I
               shall
               say
               no
               more
               as
               to
               the
               keeping
               the
               Mares
               during
               the
               time
               of
               their
               being
               with
               Foale
               ,
               nor
               of
               their
               foaling
               ;
               only
               this
               ,
               that
               if
               you
               take
               care
               to
               house
               them
               all
               the
               Winter
               ,
               and
               to
               keep
               them
               well
               ,
               their
               Colts
               will
               prove
               the
               better
               .
               When
               they
               are
               foaled
               ,
               let
               them
               run
               with
               their
               Dams
               till
               Martin-mass
               ,
               then
               wean
               them
               ,
               and
               keep
               them
               in
               a
               convenient
               House
               ,
               with
               a
               low
               Rack
               and
               Manger
               on
               purpose
               ;
               litter
               them
               well
               ,
               and
               feed
               them
               with
               good
               Hay
               ,
               and
               Oats
               and
               Wheat-bran
               mix'd
               ,
               which
               will
               make
               them
               drink
               ,
               and
               belly
               well
               .
               The
               first
               year
               you
               may
               put
               them
               all
               together
               ,
               but
               afterwards
               they
               must
               be
               separated
               ,
               the
               Stone-Colts
               from
               the
               Fillies
               ;
               and
               if
               you
               have
               choice
               of
               Houses
               ,
               you
               may
               put
               Yearings
               together
               ,
               
                 Two
                 years
                 old
              
               together
               ,
               and
               so
               
                 Three
                 years
                 old
              
               together
               ,
               for
               their
               better
               satisfaction
               and
               agreement
               ;
               as
               
                 little
                 Children
              
               best
               agree
               together
               .
            
             
               In
               a
               warm
               fair
               Day
               you
               may
               grant
               them
               liberty
               to
               run
               and
               scope
               in
               some
               enclosed
               Court
               or
               Back-side
               ,
               but
               be
               sure
               to
               take
               care
               to
               
                 put
                 them
                 up
              
               again
               carefully
               ,
               that
               they
               be
               not
               hurt
               .
               When
               Summer
               is
               come
               ,
               and
               there
               is
               plenty
               of
               Grass
               ,
               put
               them
               out
               in
               some
               
                 dry
                 Ground
              
               ,
               that
               hath
               convenient
               watring
               ,
               and
               so
               let
               them
               run
               till
               Martinmass
               again
               :
               then
               house
               them
               as
               before
               ,
               and
               order
               them
               in
               all
               points
               as
               older
               Horses
               ,
               till
               they
               are
               full
               
                 Five
                 years
                 old
              
               ,
               then
               take
               them
               up
               
                 for
                 good
                 and
                 all
              
               ,
               
               and
               let
               your
               Groom
               back
               them
               if
               he
               have
               skill
               ,
               or
               else
               some
               
                 skilful
                 Rider
              
               .
               You
               may
               if
               you
               please
               just
               break
               your
               Fillies
               at
               
                 Two
                 years
                 and
                 half
                 old
              
               ,
               and
               let
               them
               be
               cover'd
               at
               Three
               ;
               and
               by
               that
               means
               they
               will
               be
               so
               tame
               and
               gentle
               ,
               as
               not
               to
               injure
               themselves
               or
               their
               Foals
               .
               But
               in
               case
               of
               sickness
               ,
               or
               any
               accidental
               calamity
               ,
               as
               Lameness
               ,
               &c.
               you
               must
               then
               commit
               them
               to
               the
               Farrier's
               Care.
               
            
             
               The
               reason
               why
               I
               propose
               the
               Housing
               of
               them
               every
               Winter
               ,
               with
               dry
               Feeding
               and
               Lodging
               ,
               is
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               be
               the
               liker
               their
               Sire
               in
               Beauty
               and
               Shape
               .
               For
               the
               primary
               Cause
               of
               the
               sineness
               of
               Shape
               and
               Beauty
               in
               Horses
               is
               Heat
               ,
               and
               dry
               Feeding
               .
               And
               this
               is
               prov'd
               from
               the
               several
               Races
               we
               have
               already
               mentioned
               ,
               viz.
               the
               Spanish
               Horse
               ,
               Barb
               ,
               and
               Turkish
               Horse
               ,
               all
               which
               Countreys
               are
               under
               an
               Hot
               Climate
               ,
               and
               by
               consequence
               afford
               
                 little
                 Grass
              
               :
               Therefore
               in
               our
               more
               moderate
               and
               cold
               Countries
               we
               are
               to
               assist
               Nature
               by
               Art
               ,
               and
               to
               supply
               the
               want
               of
               Heat
               by
               warm
               Housing
               ,
               and
               dry
               Feeding
               .
               This
               is
               easily
               made
               evident
               by
               Example
               .
               For
               take
               
                 two
                 Colts
              
               begot
               by
               the
               
                 same
                 Sire
              
               ,
               on
               Mares
               of
               equal
               Beauty
               ,
               and
               house
               the
               one
               every
               Winter
               ,
               and
               feed
               him
               as
               directed
               ,
               and
               expose
               the
               Other
               ,
               till
               they
               are
               
                 Four
                 years
                 old
              
               ,
               and
               fit
               to
               be
               back'd
               ;
               and
               you
               shall
               find
               the
               former
               like
               his
               Sire
               in
               all
               respects
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               fitter
               for
               the
               Cart
               than
               Hunting
               ,
               as
               being
               a
               
                 dull
                 ,
                 heavy
                 ,
                 flabby
                 ,
                 scarce
                 animated
              
               Clod
               ;
               and
               all
               this
               proceeds
               from
               the
               Humidity
               of
               the
               Air
               and
               Earth
               .
               From
               hence
               you
               may
               infer
               ,
               that
               't
               is
               not
               only
               Generation
               ,
               but
               ,
               as
               I
               may
               term
               it
               ,
               Education
               ,
               that
               makes
               a
               compleat
               Horse
               ;
               and
               such
               yours
               will
               be
               ,
               if
               you
               order
               them
               according
               to
               the
               former
               Directions
               ;
               for
               you
               may
               with
               ease
               break
               the
               Colt
               that
               is
               by
               such
               good
               management
               made
               gentle
               ,
               and
               half-back'd
               to
               your
               hand
               .
            
             
               But
               I
               have
               dwelt
               longer
               on
               this
               Subject
               than
               I
               intended
               ,
               my
               business
               being
               chiefly
               to
               inform
               the
               Groom
               
               (
               not
               the
               Master
               )
               what
               belong'd
               to
               his
               Office
               ;
               and
               therefore
               I
               will
               wander
               no
               further
               from
               my
               purpose
               ,
               but
               leave
               it
               to
               the
               Rider
               to
               follow
               his
               own
               Method
               in
               rendring
               Colts
               fit
               for
               his
               Masters
               Service
               :
               whilst
               I
               give
               some
               few
               Directions
               to
               those
               Gentlemen
               who
               will
               not
               bestow
               either
               trouble
               or
               charges
               on
               Breeding
               ,
               or
               have
               the
               Will
               but
               not
               the
               Convenience
               to
               do
               it
               ,
               how
               to
               elect
               an
               Horse
               fit
               for
               this
               Exercise
               .
            
             
               The
               way
               for
               a
               Gentleman
               to
               furnish
               himfelf
               with
               an
               Horse
               ,
               that
               may
               be
               worth
               training
               for
               Hunting
               ,
               is
               either
               to
               enquire
               out
               some
               
                 noted
                 Breeder
              
               (
               of
               which
               there
               are
               many
               in
               the
               North
               ,
               )
               or
               else
               to
               go
               to
               some
               famous
               Fair
               ,
               as
               Malton
               and
               Rippon
               Fairs
               in
               Yorkshire
               ,
               the
               former
               held
               on
               the
               23.
               day
               of
               September
               yearly
               ,
               and
               the
               latter
               on
               
                 May
                 day
              
               :
               Or
               to
               Richmonds
               in
               the
               same
               Shire
               ,
               (
               which
               ,
               as
               I
               am
               inform'd
               ,
               does
               now
               of
               late
               years
               exceed
               both
               the
               fore-mention'd
               ,
               being
               scituate
               in
               the
               middle
               of
               the
               most
               celebrated
               part
               of
               the
               
                 breeding
                 Country
              
               ;
               )
               its
               Fairs
               are
               held
               in
               
                 Easter
                 week
              
               ,
               and
               at
               
                 Rood
                 tyde
                 .
                 Northampton
              
               has
               several
               Fairs
               in
               the
               year
               likewise
               ,
               as
               on
               the
               23.
               day
               of
               April
               ,
               the
               8th
               .
               of
               
                 September
                 ,
                 17th
              
               .
               of
               November
               ,
               with
               several
               others
               .
               There
               are
               several
               other
               Fairs
               ,
               as
               Lenton-Fair
               in
               
                 Notinghamshire
                 ,
                 Pankridg-Fair
              
               in
               Staffordshire
               ,
               &c.
               which
               for
               brevities
               sake
               I
               omit
               .
               At
               any
               of
               these
               places
               he
               may
               make
               choice
               of
               a
               Horse
               ,
               which
               as
               near
               as
               can
               be
               ought
               to
               have
               these
               following
               Shapes
               :
               viz.
               
            
             
               His
               Head
               ought
               to
               be
               lean
               ,
               large
               ,
               and
               long
               ;
               his
               Chaul
               thin
               ,
               and
               open
               ;
               his
               Ears
               small
               ,
               and
               pricked
               ,
               or
               if
               they
               be
               somewhat
               long
               ,
               provided
               they
               stand
               upright
               like
               those
               of
               a
               Fox
               ,
               it
               is
               usually
               a
               sign
               of
               Mettle
               and
               Toughness
               His
               Forehead
               long
               and
               broad
               ,
               not
               flat
               ,
               and
               as
               we
               term
               it
               Mare-fac'd
               ,
               but
               rising
               in
               the
               midst
               like
               that
               of
               a
               Hare
               ,
               the
               Feather
               being
               plac'd
               above
               the
               Top
               of
               his
               Eye
               ,
               the
               contrary
               being
               thought
               by
               some
               to
               betoken
               blindness
               .
               His
               Eyes
               full
               ,
               large
               ,
               
               and
               bright
               ;
               his
               Nostrils
               wide
               ,
               and
               red
               within
               ,
               for
               an
               
                 open
                 Nostril
              
               betokens
               a
               
                 good
                 Wind
              
               ;
               his
               Mouth
               large
               ,
               deep
               in
               the
               Wykes
               ,
               and
               hairy
               ;
               His
               
                 Thropple
                 ,
                 Weasand
              
               ,
               or
               Windpipe
               ,
               big
               ,
               loose
               ,
               and
               streight
               when
               he
               is
               rein'd
               in
               by
               the
               Bridle
               ;
               for
               if
               ,
               when
               he
               bridles
               ,
               it
               bends
               in
               like
               a
               Bow
               ,
               (
               which
               is
               called
               Cock-throppled
               )
               it
               very
               much
               hinders
               the
               free
               passage
               of
               his
               Wind
               His
               Head
               must
               be
               so
               set
               on
               to
               his
               Neck
               ,
               that
               there
               must
               be
               a
               space
               felt
               between
               his
               Neck
               and
               his
               Chaul
               ;
               for
               to
               be
               Bull-neck'd
               is
               uncomely
               to
               sight
               ,
               and
               prejudicial
               to
               the
               Horses
               wind
               ,
               as
               aforesaid
               .
               His
               Crest
               should
               be
               firm
               ,
               thin
               ,
               and
               well
               risen
               ;
               his
               Neck
               long
               ,
               and
               straight
               ,
               yet
               not
               loose
               ,
               and
               pliant
               ,
               which
               the
               Northern-men
               term
               Withy-cragg'd
               ;
               his
               Breast
               strong
               ,
               and
               broad
               ;
               his
               Chest
               deep
               ,
               his
               Chine
               short
               ,
               his
               Body
               large
               ,
               and
               close
               shut
               up
               to
               the
               ●ucklebone
               ;
               his
               Ribbs
               round
               like
               a
               Barrel
               ,
               his
               Belly
               being
               hid
               within
               them
               .
               His
               Fillets
               large
               ,
               his
               Buttocks
               rather
               oval
               than
               broad
               being
               well
               
                 let
                 down
              
               to
               the
               Cascoins
               .
               His
               Cambrels
               upright
               ,
               and
               not
               bending
               ,
               which
               is
               called
               by
               some
               sickle-hough'd
               ,
               though
               some
               hold
               it
               a
               sign
               of
               Toughness
               and
               Speed.
               His
               Legs
               clean
               ,
               flat
               ,
               and
               streight
               ,
               His
               Joynts
               short
               ,
               well
               knit
               ,
               and
               upright
               ,
               especially
               betwixt
               the
               Pasthorns
               and
               the
               Hoof
               ,
               having
               but
               little
               Hair
               on
               his
               Fetlocks
               .
               His
               Hoofs
               black
               ,
               strong
               ,
               and
               hollow
               ,
               and
               rather
               long
               and
               narrow
               ,
               than
               big
               and
               flat
               .
               And
               lastly
               ,
               his
               Main
               and
               Tail
               should
               be
               long
               ,
               and
               thin
               rather
               than
               thick
               ,
               which
               is
               counted
               by
               some
               a
               mark
               of
               Dulness
               .
            
             
               As
               to
               his
               Colour
               and
               Marks
               ,
               I
               rather
               incline
               to
               believe
               them
               grateful
               to
               the
               Eye
               ,
               than
               any
               infallible
               Indexes
               of
               Goodness
               ;
               for
               as
               the
               Goodness
               or
               Badness
               of
               a
               Man
               does
               not
               consist
               in
               his
               Complexion
               ,
               but
               in
               his
               
                 inward
                 Vertues
              
               ,
               so
               neither
               do
               Colour
               or
               Marks
               certainly
               demonstrate
               the
               Goodness
               or
               Badness
               of
               an
               Horse
               ,
               because
               his
               Qualifications
               proceed
               from
               his
               inward
               Disposition
               .
               But
               yet
               I
               wholly
               dissent
               from
               the
               opinion
               
               of
               Mr.
               Morgan
               ,
               p.
               31
               ;
               who
               holds
               ,
               
                 That
                 Colour
                 and
                 Marks
                 are
                 no
                 more
                 assurance
                 of
                 a
                 
                   good
                   Horse
                
                 ;
                 than
                 the
                 having
                 a
                 Feather
                 in
                 a
                 Mans
                 Hat
                 does
                 prove
                 him
                 a
                 
                   good
                   Man
                
                 or
                 a
                 bad
                 ;
              
               inferring
               that
               
                 inherent
                 Colours
              
               are
               of
               no
               greater
               Eminency
               or
               Value
               ,
               than
               those
               external
               ones
               are
               which
               may
               be
               taken
               or
               laid
               aside
               at
               a
               man
               's
               own
               will
               and
               pleasure
               .
            
             
               Now
               I
               say
               ,
               that
               altho
               Marks
               and
               Colour
               do
               not
               absolutely
               give
               testimony
               unto
               us
               of
               a
               
                 Horses
                 goodness
              
               ,
               yet
               they
               as
               well
               as
               his
               shape
               do
               intimate
               to
               us
               in
               some
               part
               his
               Disposition
               and
               Qualities
               .
               For
               Nature
               ,
               not
               being
               defective
               ,
               frames
               every
               part
               of
               the
               same
               matter
               whereof
               the
               whole
               is
               formed
               ,
               and
               therefore
               the
               Foetus
               being
               formed
               of
               the
               copulative
               Seed
               of
               its
               Sire
               and
               Dam
               ,
               does
               from
               them
               derive
               as
               well
               the
               accidental
               as
               the
               more
               essential
               Qualities
               of
               its
               temperament
               and
               composition
               .
               And
               for
               this
               Reason
               Hair
               it self
               may
               osten
               times
               receive
               the
               variation
               of
               its
               Colour
               from
               the
               different
               temperature
               of
               the
               Subject
               out
               of
               which
               it
               is
               produced
               .
               And
               to
               confirm
               this
               ,
               I
               dare
               pass
               my
               word
               ,
               that
               wherever
               you
               shall
               meet
               with
               an
               Horse
               that
               hath
               no
               White
               about
               him
               ,
               especially
               in
               his
               Fore-head
               ,
               though
               he
               be
               otherwise
               of
               the
               best
               reputed
               Colours
               ,
               as
               
                 Bay
                 ,
                 Black
                 ,
                 Sorrel
                 &c.
                 
              
               That
               Horse
               I
               dare
               affirm
               to
               be
               of
               a
               dogged
               and
               
                 sullen
                 disposition
              
               ;
               especially
               if
               he
               have
               a
               small
               
                 pink
                 Eye
              
               ,
               and
               a
               
                 narrow
                 Face
              
               ,
               with
               a
               Nose
               bending
               like
               a
               
                 Hawks
                 Bill
              
               .
            
             
               But
               yet
               I
               am
               not
               positive
               ,
               that
               Horses
               even
               of
               the
               most
               celebrated
               Colours
               ,
               and
               Marks
               answerable
               ,
               do
               always
               prove
               the
               best
               ;
               because
               I
               have
               seen
               those
               Horses
               worsted
               by
               Others
               ,
               whose
               Marks
               and
               Colour
               have
               been
               esteemed
               the
               worst
               ;
               as
               
                 bright
                 Sorrel
              
               ,
               and
               Mouse-black
               with
               
                 bald
                 Faces
              
               ,
               and
               all
               the
               Leggs
               white
               above
               the
               knee
               .
               But
               I
               rather
               attribute
               the
               Cause
               thereof
               to
               the
               Ignorance
               of
               the
               Rider
               ,
               that
               had
               the
               training
               
               of
               those
               best
               marked
               Horses
               ,
               than
               to
               any
               defect
               in
               Nature
               ;
               for
               Nature
               is
               no
               Counterfeit
               ,
               as
               Art
               often
               is
               ,
               to
               make
               a
               thing
               shew
               to
               the
               Eye
               ,
               contrary
               to
               what
               it
               is
               in
               reality
               .
               And
               therefore
               as
               I
               would
               not
               have
               men
               put
               too
               great
               Confidence
               in
               Marks
               and
               Colours
               ;
               so
               I
               would
               not
               have
               them
               esteemed
               of
               so
               lightly
               ,
               as
               the
               former
               comparison
               of
               Mr.
               Morgans
               would
               make
               them
               ;
               for
               it
               is
               a
               constant
               and
               inseparable
               quality
               for
               Horses
               to
               produce
               Hair
               ,
               which
               is
               given
               them
               by
               Nature
               as
               a
               Tegument
               and
               Defence
               against
               the
               Cold
               :
               and
               if
               it
               be
               
                 shaved
                 off
                 ,
                 gall'd
              
               ,
               or
               any
               waies
               else
               removed
               or
               taken
               away
               ,
               yet
               it
               will
               grow
               again
               ;
               but
               a
               Feather
               may
               be
               put
               to
               ,
               or
               taken
               from
               a
               Mans
               Hat
               at
               his
               pleasure
               .
            
             
               Therefore
               since
               Colour
               seemeth
               to
               set
               forth
               the
               Beauty
               of
               an
               Horse
               ,
               you
               may
               for
               Ornament
               sake
               and
               to
               please
               your
               Eye
               ,
               make
               choice
               of
               an
               Horse
               that
               is
               either
               a
               
                 Brown-Bay
                 ,
                 Dapple-Bay
                 ,
                 Black
                 ,
                 Sad-Chessnut
              
               with
               Flaxen
               Main
               and
               Tail
               ,
               so
               that
               they
               have
               either
               a
               
                 White
                 Star
                 ,
                 Blaze
              
               ,
               or
               Snip
               ,
               with
               a
               
                 White
                 Foot
                 ;
                 Dapple-Grey
              
               ,
               or
               
                 White
                 Lyard
              
               with
               
                 Black
                 Muzzle
                 ,
                 Eye
              
               ,
               and
               Ear.
               Any
               of
               these
               are
               reputed
               by
               most
               men
               to
               give
               a
               Grace
               to
               shape
               ;
               tho
               in
               themselves
               they
               are
               no
               perfect
               signs
               of
               Goodness
               .
            
             
               But
               for
               his
               internal
               Endowments
               ,
               they
               are
               more
               material
               ,
               and
               therefore
               take
               care
               that
               he
               by
               Nature
               be
               of
               a
               Gentle
               Disposition
               ,
               to
               his
               Keeper
               tractable
               and
               docile
               free
               from
               those
               ill
               Qualities
               of
               Biting
               ,
               Striking
               ,
               Restiffness
               ,
               Lying
               down
               in
               the
               Water
               ,
               Starting
               ,
               Running
               away
               with
               his
               Rider
               ,
               Plunging
               ,
               Leaping
               ,
               &c.
               
               Not
               but
               that
               most
               ,
               if
               not
               all
               these
               ill
               habits
               may
               be
               rectified
               by
               Art
               ;
               For
               Experience
               has
               shewn
               us
               ,
               that
               Horses
               which
               have
               not
               been
               of
               such
               a
               perfect
               Natural
               Composition
               ,
               
               as
               might
               be
               desired
               ,
               have
               yet
               been
               tempered
               by
               Art
               ,
               and
               have
               not
               only
               been
               reclaimed
               from
               their
               vicious
               Habits
               ,
               but
               have
               been
               likewise
               brought
               to
               great
               performance
               in
               Heats
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               Hunting
               ,
               as
               I
               could
               Instance
               in
               several
               if
               it
               were
               necessary
               .
            
             
               And
               therefore
               since
               Art
               was
               invented
               to
               perfect
               Nature
               ;
               if
               (
               notwithstanding
               your
               care
               )
               you
               have
               met
               with
               a
               Horse
               subject
               to
               any
               of
               these
               ill
               Qualities
               aforesaid
               ,
               you
               must
               search
               into
               the
               causes
               of
               it
               ,
               which
               Art
               will
               help
               you
               to
               discover
               and
               remove
               :
               and
               then
               
                 the
                 Cause
                 being
                 taken
                 away
                 ,
                 the
                 Effect
                 will
                 cease
                 .
              
               So
               that
               probably
               ,
               contrary
               to
               most
               peoples
               Opinions
               a
               
                 Vicious
                 Horse
              
               ,
               by
               good
               management
               and
               Government
               may
               be
               brought
               to
               excell
               an
               Horse
               that
               has
               a
               better
               Reputation
               and
               Fame
               in
               the
               judgment
               of
               the
               generality
               of
               Horsemen
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 III.
              
               Of
               the
               Age
               a
               Hunter
               should
               be
               of
               before
               he
               be
               put
               to
               Hunting
               ;
               of
               the
               Stable
               ,
               and
               Groom
               ,
               and
               of
               the
               Horse's
               first
               taking
               up
               from
               Grass
               ,
               in
               order
               to
               his
               further
               Dieting
               .
            
             
               HAving
               gotten
               a
               Horse
               answerable
               either
               to
               the
               former
               Descriptions
               ,
               or
               your
               own
               Satisfaction
               at
               least
               ,
               I
               am
               to
               suppose
               that
               by
               a
               skilful
               Rider
               he
               is
               already
               grounded
               in
               the
               Fundamentals
               of
               this
               Art
               ,
               by
               being
               taught
               such
               Obedience
               ,
               as
               that
               he
               will
               readily
               answer
               to
               the
               Horseman's
               Helps
               and
               Corrections
               both
               of
               the
               Bridle
               ,
               the
               Hand
               ,
               the
               Voice
               ,
               the
               calf
               of
               the
               Leg
               ,
               and
               the
               Spur
               ;
               that
               he
               can
               tell
               how
               to
               take
               his
               way
               forward
               ,
               and
               hath
               gained
               a
               true
               temper
               of
               Mouth
               ,
               and
               a
               right
               placing
               of
               his
               Head
               ,
               and
               that
               he
               hath
               learn'd
               to
               stop
               and
               turn
               readily
               ;
               for
               without
               these
               things
               are
               perfectly
               taught
               ,
               and
               as
               it
               were
               laid
               for
               a
               Foundation
               ,
               he
               can
               never
               proceed
               effectually
               .
            
             
               I
               had
               thoughts
               of
               enlarging
               upon
               this
               particular
               Subject
               ,
               but
               I
               find
               my
               Discourse
               is
               like
               to
               swell
               beyond
               its
               bounds
               ,
               so
               that
               I
               am
               forced
               to
               omit
               it
               ,
               and
               therefore
               I
               shall
               refer
               you
               to
               the
               Directions
               and
               Prudence
               of
               your
               Rider
               ,
               and
               only
               tell
               you
               that
               t
               is
               convenient
               ,
               your
               Horse
               should
               be
               
                 Five
                 years
              
               old
               ,
               and
               well
               way'd
               before
               you
               begin
               to
               Hunt
               him
               .
               For
               though
               it
               be
               a
               general
               Custom
               amongst
               noted
               Horsemen
               to
               train
               
               their
               Horses
               up
               to
               Hunting
               at
               
                 Four
                 years
              
               old
               ,
               and
               some
               sooner
               ,
               yet
               at
               that
               Age
               his
               Joynts
               not
               being
               full
               knit
               ,
               nor
               he
               come
               to
               his
               best
               strength
               and
               courage
               ,
               he
               is
               disabled
               from
               performing
               any
               matter
               of
               speed
               and
               toughness
               :
               and
               indeed
               being
               put
               to
               sore
               Labour
               and
               Toil
               so
               young
               ,
               he
               runs
               a
               very
               great
               hazard
               of
               strains
               ,
               and
               the
               putting
               out
               of
               
                 Splents
                 ,
                 Spavins
                 ,
                 Curbs
              
               and
               Windgalls
               ,
               besides
               the
               daunting
               of
               his
               Spirit
               ,
               and
               abating
               his
               natural
               Courage
               ,
               insomuch
               that
               he
               will
               become
               melancholly
               ,
               stiff
               ,
               and
               rheumatick
               ,
               and
               have
               all
               the
               distempers
               of
               
                 old
                 Age
              
               ,
               when
               it
               might
               be
               expected
               he
               should
               be
               in
               his
               Prime
               .
            
             
               Your
               Horse
               then
               being
               
                 full
                 Five
              
               ,
               you
               may
               if
               you
               please
               put
               him
               to
               grass
               from
               the
               middle
               of
               May
               till
               Bartholmew-tide
               ,
               or
               at
               least
               from
               the
               middle
               of
               Summer
               till
               that
               time
               ;
               for
               then
               the
               Season
               being
               so
               
                 violently
                 hot
              
               ,
               it
               will
               not
               be
               convenient
               to
               work
               him
               :
               where
               whilst
               he
               is
               sporting
               himself
               at
               liberty
               in
               his
               Pasture
               ,
               we
               will
               if
               you
               please
               take
               care
               to
               provide
               a
               good
               Stable
               for
               his
               Reception
               at
               his
               
                 taking
                 up
              
               ,
               and
               a
               good
               Groom
               to
               look
               after
               him
               ;
               both
               which
               are
               more
               essentially
               necessary
               to
               the
               Hunter
               than
               to
               other
               Horses
               ,
               which
               require
               not
               that
               exact
               care
               in
               keeping
               .
            
             
               First
               then
               as
               to
               the
               Stable
               ,
               I
               could
               wish
               every
               Gentleman
               would
               be
               careful
               to
               scituate
               it
               in
               a
               good
               Air
               ,
               and
               upon
               hard
               dry
               and
               firm
               ground
               ,
               that
               in
               the
               Winter
               the
               Horse
               may
               go
               and
               come
               clean
               
                 in
                 and
                 out
              
               :
               and
               if
               possible
               let
               it
               be
               seated
               on
               an
               Ascent
               ,
               that
               the
               Urine
               ,
               Foul
               Water
               ,
               or
               any
               Wet
               ,
               may
               be
               convey'd
               away
               by
               Trenches
               ,
               or
               Sinks
               cut
               out
               for
               that
               purpose
               .
               Be
               sure
               to
               suffer
               no
               Hen-houses
               ,
               Hog-styes
               ,
               or
               Houses
               of
               Easment
               ,
               or
               any
               other
               filthy
               Smells
               to
               be
               near
               it
               ;
               for
               Hen-dung
               ,
               or
               Feathers
               swallow'd
               ,
               oftentimes
               prove
               mortal
               ,
               and
               the
               ill
               Air
               of
               a
               Jakes
               as
               often
               is
               the
               cause
               of
               Blindness
               :
               likewise
               the
               very
               smell
               of
               Swine
               will
               frequently
               breed
               the
               Farcy
               ,
               and
               no
               Animal
               whatsoever
               
               more
               delights
               in
               cleanliness
               ,
               or
               is
               more
               offended
               at
               
                 unwholesome
                 savours
              
               than
               the
               Horse
               .
            
             
               Let
               vour
               Stable
               be
               built
               of
               Brick
               ,
               rather
               than
               Stone
               ,
               since
               the
               latter
               is
               subject
               to
               sweating
               in
               wet
               weather
               :
               which
               Dampness
               and
               Moisture
               is
               the
               Original
               of
               Rheums
               ,
               and
               Catarrhs
               .
               Let
               your
               Wall
               be
               of
               a
               good
               convenient
               thickness
               ,
               as
               about
               Eighteen
               or
               Twenty
               Inches
               thick
               ,
               both
               for
               safety
               and
               warmth
               in
               Winter
               ,
               and
               to
               keep
               the
               Sun
               from
               annoying
               him
               in
               Summer
               ,
               which
               would
               hinder
               Concoction
               .
               You
               may
               (
               if
               you
               please
               )
               make
               Windows
               both
               on
               the
               East
               and
               North
               sides
               ,
               that
               you
               may
               have
               the
               benefit
               of
               the
               Air
               during
               Summer
               ,
               from
               the
               North
               ,
               and
               of
               the
               Morning
               Sun
               during
               Winter
               from
               the
               East
               .
               And
               I
               would
               advise
               you
               to
               Glaze
               your
               Windows
               ,
               and
               make
               them
               with
               Sashes
               ,
               to
               let
               in
               Air
               at
               pleasure
               ,
               and
               to
               keep
               out
               Poultry
               ,
               for
               the
               reasons
               afore
               recited
               ;
               and
               likewise
               to
               make
               close
               
                 Wooden
                 shutters
              
               ,
               that
               during
               the
               middle
               time
               of
               the
               Day
               the
               Stable
               may
               be
               dark
               ,
               which
               will
               cause
               him
               to
               take
               his
               Rest
               as
               well
               in
               the
               Day
               as
               the
               Night
               .
               Let
               your
               Floor
               ,
               (
               I
               mean
               that
               part
               on
               which
               he
               is
               alwaies
               to
               stand
               ,
               or
               lye
               down
               on
               ,
               be
               made
               of
               
                 Oaken
                 Planks
              
               ,
               and
               not
               pitch'd
               ,
               for
               t
               is
               easier
               and
               warmer
               for
               the
               Horse
               to
               ly
               on
               Boards
               than
               Stones
               .
               be
               sure
               to
               lay
               them
               level
               ;
               for
               if
               they
               are
               laid
               higher
               before
               than
               behind
               (
               as
               they
               generally
               are
               in
               Inns
               and
               
                 Horse-coursers
                 Stables
              
               ,
               that
               their
               Horses
               may
               appear
               to
               more
               advantage
               in
               Stature
               ,
               )
               his
               hinder-leggs
               will
               swell
               ,
               and
               he
               can
               never
               lye
               at
               ease
               ,
               because
               his
               Hinder
               parts
               will
               be
               still
               
                 slipping
                 down
              
               .
               Lay
               your
               Planks
               cross-way
               ,
               &
               not
               at
               length
               ;
               and
               underneath
               them
               sink
               a
               good
               Trench
               ,
               which
               receiving
               the
               Urine
               thro
               holes
               bor'd
               on
               purpose
               in
               the
               Planks
               ,
               may
               convey
               it
               into
               some
               
                 common
                 receptacle
              
               .
               Let
               the
               ground
               behind
               him
               be
               raised
               even
               with
               the
               Planks
               ,
               that
               he
               may
               continually
               
               stand
               on
               a
               Levell
               .
               Let
               the
               Floor
               behind
               him
               be
               pitcht
               with
               
                 small
                 Pebble
              
               :
               and
               be
               sure
               let
               that
               part
               of
               your
               Stable
               where
               the
               Rack
               stands
               be
               well
               Wainscoted
               .
               I
               would
               have
               two
               Rings
               placed
               at
               each
               side
               of
               his
               Stall
               ,
               for
               his
               Halter
               to
               run
               through
               ;
               which
               must
               have
               a
               light
               wooden
               Logger
               at
               the
               bottom
               of
               it
               ,
               to
               poise
               it
               perpendicularly
               ;
               but
               not
               so
               heavy
               as
               to
               tire
               the
               Horse
               ,
               or
               to
               hinder
               him
               from
               eating
               .
               Instead
               of
               a
               
                 fix'd
                 Manger
              
               ,
               I
               would
               have
               you
               have
               a
               Locker
               ,
               or
               Drawer
               ,
               made
               in
               the
               Wainscote
               partition
               ,
               for
               him
               to
               eat
               his
               Corn
               out
               of
               ,
               which
               you
               may
               take
               in
               and
               out
               to
               cleanse
               at
               pleasure
               .
               And
               whereas
               some
               may
               object
               the
               narrowness
               of
               the
               Room
               ,
               you
               may
               remedy
               that
               at
               your
               pleasure
               ,
               by
               allowing
               it
               to
               be
               the
               larger
               :
               tho
               considering
               the
               small
               Quantity
               of
               Provender
               ,
               you
               are
               to
               put
               in
               at
               a
               time
               ,
               (
               as
               you
               see
               hereafter
               )
               you
               need
               not
               make
               it
               
                 very
                 large
              
               .
               I
               would
               not
               advise
               you
               to
               make
               any
               Rack
               ,
               but
               instead
               thereof
               (
               according
               to
               the
               Italian
               fashion
               )
               to
               give
               your
               Horse
               his
               Hay
               
                 on
                 the
                 ground
              
               ,
               upon
               the
               Litter
               ;
               or
               else
               you
               may
               (
               if
               you
               please
               )
               nail
               some
               Boards
               in
               the
               form
               of
               a
               Trough
               ,
               in
               which
               you
               may
               put
               his
               Hay
               ,
               and
               the
               Boards
               will
               prevent
               him
               from
               trampling
               and
               spoiling
               it
               .
            
             
               Some
               possibly
               may
               object
               ,
               that
               this
               way
               of
               Feeding
               him
               ,
               may
               spoil
               his
               Crest
               ,
               and
               that
               the
               blowing
               upon
               his
               Hay
               will
               soon
               make
               it
               nauseous
               to
               his
               Palate
               .
               For
               the
               spoiling
               his
               Crest
               ,
               it
               rather
               strengthens
               it
               ,
               and
               makes
               it
               firm
               ,
               whereas
               ,
               on
               the
               contrary
               ,
               to
               lift
               up
               his
               Head
               high
               to
               the
               Rack
               will
               make
               him
               withy-cragged
               :
               but
               the
               way
               forementioned
               ,
               he
               will
               feed
               as
               he
               lyes
               ,
               which
               will
               be
               for
               his
               ease
               and
               satisfaction
               .
               As
               to
               the
               quantity
               of
               his
               Hay
               ,
               you
               are
               to
               give
               it
               him
               in
               such
               
                 small
                 Proportions
              
               ,
               (
               tho
               the
               oftener
               )
               that
               it
               may
               be
               eaten
               before
               his
               Freath
               can
               in
               the
               least
               have
               tainted
               it
               .
               But
               the
               chief
               Reason
               why
               I
               
               advise
               you
               to
               this
               way
               is
               this
               ,
               because
               the
               receiving
               his
               Hay
               down
               upon
               the
               Ground
               ,
               will
               help
               to
               cleanse
               his
               Head
               from
               any
               Rheum
               or
               Dose
               ,
               which
               he
               may
               have
               gotten
               by
               negligence
               and
               over-exercise
               and
               induce
               him
               by
               sneezing
               to
               throw
               out
               all
               manner
               of
               
                 watry
                 humors
              
               that
               may
               annoy
               his
               Head.
               If
               your
               Stable
               will
               allow
               ,
               you
               may
               build
               several
               Partitions
               of
               Boards
               ,
               and
               at
               the
               Head
               towards
               the
               Manger
               let
               them
               be
               advanc'd
               to
               that
               height
               that
               one
               Horse
               may
               not
               molest
               or
               smell
               to
               another
               ;
               and
               so
               divide
               the
               Whole
               into
               as
               many
               equal
               Stands
               or
               Staulls
               as
               it
               will
               admit
               of
               ;
               allowing
               to
               each
               ,
               Room
               enough
               to
               
                 turn
                 about
              
               in
               ,
               and
               
                 lie
                 down
              
               at
               pleasure
               .
               You
               may
               make
               one
               of
               your
               Staulls
               close
               ,
               which
               may
               serve
               for
               your
               Groom
               to
               lie
               in
               ,
               in
               case
               of
               a
               
                 Match
                 ,
                 Sickness
              
               ,
               &c.
               and
               where
               he
               may
               
                 burn
                 Candle
              
               without
               the
               Horse's
               discerning
               of
               it
               .
               Behind
               the
               Horses
               I
               would
               have
               a
               Range
               of
               Presses
               made
               with
               Peggs
               in
               them
               to
               hang
               up
               
                 Saddles
                 ,
                 Bridles
                 ,
                 Housing-cloaths
              
               ,
               &c.
               as
               likewise
               Shelves
               to
               place
               your
               
                 Curry-combs
                 ,
                 Brushes
                 ,
                 Dusting-cloaths
                 ,
                 Oyntments
                 ,
                 Waters
                 ,
              
               or
               any
               other
               Necessaries
               upon
               .
            
             
               Now
               that
               you
               may
               not
               cumber
               your
               Stable
               with
               Oat-Binns
               ,
               I
               think
               it
               necessary
               to
               tell
               you
               ,
               that
               the
               best
               way
               is
               to
               make
               use
               of
               the
               Invention
               of
               Mr.
               Farmer
               of
               Tusmore
               in
               Oxford-shire
               .
               Which
               is
               done
               (
               according
               as
               it
               is
               described
               by
               the
               Ingenuous
               Dr.
               Plot
               ,
               in
               his
               
                 Natural
                 History
              
               of
               Oxford-shire
               )
               
                 by
                 letting
                 the
                 Oats
                 down
                 from
                 a
                 Loft
                 above
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 a
                 Vessel
                 like
                 the
                 Hopper
                 of
                 a
                 Mill
                 ,
                 whence
                 they
                 fall
                 into
                 a
                 square
                 Pipe
                 let
                 into
                 the
                 wall
                 ,
                 of
                 about
                 four
                 Inches
                 Diagonal
                 ,
                 which
                 comes
                 down
                 into
                 a
                 Cupboard
                 also
                 set
                 into
                 the
                 wall
                 ,
                 but
                 with
                 its
                 end
                 so
                 near
                 the
                 bottom
                 that
                 there
                 shall
                 never
                 be
                 above
                 a
                 Gallon
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 desireable
                 Quantity
                 in
                 the
                 Cupboard
                 at
                 a
                 time
                 ,
                 which
                 being
                 taken
                 away
                 and
                 given
                 to
                 the
                 Horses
                 ,
                 another
                 Gallon
                 presently
                 succeeds
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 lower
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 
                 Stable
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Horses
                 stand
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 not
                 one
                 Inch
                 of
                 room
                 taken
                 up
                 for
                 the
                 whole
                 provision
                 of
                 Oats
                 ;
                 which
                 Contrivance
                 hath
                 also
                 this
                 further
                 Convenience
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 this
                 Motion
                 the
                 Oats
                 are
                 kept
                 constantly
                 sweet
                 ,
                 (
                 the
                 taking
                 away
                 one
                 Gallon
                 moving
                 the
                 whole
                 Mass
                 above
                 ,
                 )
                 which
                 laid
                 up
                 any
                 otherwise
                 in
                 great
                 quantities
                 ,
                 grow
                 frequently
                 musty
                 .
              
            
             
               Now
               I
               would
               have
               you
               have
               two
               made
               ,
               the
               one
               for
               the
               Oats
               ,
               the
               other
               for
               your
               
                 split
                 Beans
              
               ,
               and
               both
               let
               into
               your
               Range
               of
               Presses
               ;
               the
               Partitions
               may
               easily
               be
               made
               over
               head
               ,
               to
               separate
               your
               Oats
               from
               your
               Beans
               .
               Or
               if
               you
               like
               not
               this
               way
               ,
               you
               may
               convert
               it
               into
               an
               Hay-loft
               ,
               or
               Chambers
               for
               your
               Grooms
               ,
               which
               you
               fancy
               ;
               but
               whatever
               you
               make
               choice
               of
               ,
               let
               the
               Floor
               overhead
               be
               seil'd
               ,
               that
               no
               Dust
               from
               above
               fall
               upon
               your
               Horses
               .
               But
               if
               you
               have
               the
               convenience
               of
               a
               Rick-yard
               ,
               so
               that
               you
               keep
               your
               Hay
               abroad
               ,
               it
               is
               the
               opinion
               of
               some
               knowing
               Horsemen
               ,
               that
               to
               tuck
               it
               out
               of
               the
               Rick
               by
               little
               and
               little
               ,
               as
               you
               have
               occasion
               to
               use
               it
               ,
               makes
               it
               spend
               much
               better
               than
               it
               would
               otherwise
               do
               out
               of
               the
               Hay-Tallet
               .
            
             
               As
               to
               the
               rest
               of
               its
               Perquisites
               ,
               a
               
                 Dung.
                 yard
              
               ,
               a
               Pump
               ,
               or
               a
               Conduit
               ,
               are
               necessary
               ;
               and
               if
               you
               can
               have
               that
               convenience
               ,
               some
               Pond
               or
               
                 running
                 River
              
               near
               hand
               .
               But
               be
               sure
               ,
               never
               let
               the
               Front
               of
               your
               Stable
               be
               without
               Litter
               ,
               that
               by
               frequent
               practice
               your
               Horse
               may
               learn
               to
               empty
               his
               Bladder
               when
               he
               is
               come
               from
               Airing
               ,
               which
               will
               be
               both
               healthful
               for
               your
               Horse
               ,
               and
               profitable
               for
               your
               Land.
               
            
             
               Having
               thus
               laid
               down
               a
               Modell
               for
               a
               Stable
               ,
               my
               next
               business
               is
               to
               tell
               the
               Groom
               his
               Duty
               ;
               I
               mean
               not
               those
               which
               generally
               appertain
               to
               all
               Servants
               ,
               such
               as
               are
               
                 Obedience
                 ,
                 Fidelity
                 ,
                 Patience
                 ,
                 Diligence
              
               &c.
               but
               those
               more
               essentially
               belonging
               to
               this
               Office.
               First
               then
               he
               must
               love
               his
               Horse
               in
               the
               next
               degree
               
               to
               his
               Master
               ,
               and
               to
               endeavour
               by
               fair
               Usage
               to
               acquire
               a
               reciprocal
               Love
               from
               him
               again
               ,
               and
               an
               exact
               Obedience
               ,
               which
               if
               he
               know
               how
               to
               pay
               it
               to
               his
               Master
               ,
               he
               will
               the
               better
               be
               able
               to
               teach
               it
               his
               Horse
               ;
               and
               both
               the
               one
               and
               the
               other
               are
               to
               be
               obtain'd
               by
               fair
               means
               ,
               rather
               than
               by
               Passion
               and
               Outrage
               .
               For
               those
               who
               are
               so
               
                 irrational
                 themselves
              
               ,
               as
               not
               to
               be
               able
               to
               command
               their
               own
               Passions
               ,
               are
               not
               fit
               to
               undertake
               the
               reclaiming
               of
               an
               Horse
               ,
               (
               who
               by
               nature
               is
               an
               irrational
               Creature
               )
               from
               his
               .
            
             
               He
               must
               then
               put
               in
               practice
               that
               Patience
               ,
               which
               I
               would
               have
               him
               Master
               of
               ,
               at
               all
               times
               ,
               and
               by
               that
               and
               fair
               means
               he
               shall
               attain
               his
               End
               :
               For
               nothing
               is
               more
               tractable
               than
               an
               Horse
               ,
               if
               you
               make
               use
               of
               Kindness
               to
               win
               him
               .
               Next
               ,
               Neatness
               is
               requisite
               in
               a
               Groom
               ,
               to
               keep
               his
               Stable
               
                 clean
                 swept
              
               and
               in
               order
               ;
               his
               
                 Saddles
                 ,
                 Housing-cloaths
                 ,
                 Stirrops
                 ,
                 Leathers
                 ,
              
               and
               Girths
               ,
               cleane
               ,
               and
               above
               all
               his
               Horse
               clean
               dress'd
               and
               
                 rubb'd
                 .
                 Diligence
              
               in
               the
               last
               place
               is
               requisite
               both
               in
               a
               daily
               practice
               of
               his
               Duty
               ,
               and
               in
               observing
               any
               the
               smallest
               Alteration
               whether
               casual
               or
               accidental
               ,
               either
               in
               his
               Countenance
               ,
               as
               Symptoms
               of
               Sickness
               ,
               or
               in
               his
               Limbs
               and
               Gate
               ,
               as
               Lameness
               ,
               or
               in
               his
               Appetite
               ,
               as
               forsaking
               his
               Meat
               ,
               and
               immediately
               upon
               any
               such
               Discovery
               to
               seek
               out
               for
               Remedy
               .
               This
               is
               the
               substance
               of
               the
               Groom's
               Duty
               in
               general
               ,
               and
               which
               I
               shall
               treat
               of
               more
               at
               large
               as
               Occasion
               shall
               offer
               it self
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               mean
               time
               since
               Bartholomew-tide
               is
               now
               come
               ,
               and
               the
               pride
               and
               strength
               of
               the
               Grass
               nipp'd
               by
               the
               severe
               Frosts
               ,
               and
               cold
               Dews
               which
               accompany
               this
               Season
               ,
               so
               that
               the
               Nourishment
               thereof
               turneth
               into
               
                 raw
                 Crudities
              
               ,
               and
               the
               Coldness
               of
               the
               Night
               (
               which
               is
               an
               Enemy
               to
               the
               Horse
               )
               abates
               as
               much
               Flesh
               and
               Lust
               as
               he
               getteth
               in
               the
               Day
               ,
               we
               will
               now
               
                 take
                 him
                 up
              
               from
               Grass
               whilst
               his
               Coat
               lies
               smooth
               and
               sleek
               .
            
             
             
               Having
               brought
               him
               home
               ,
               let
               your
               Groom
               so
               that
               Night
               
                 set
                 him
                 up
              
               in
               some
               secure
               and
               spacious
               House
               ,
               where
               he
               may
               evacuate
               his
               Body
               ,
               and
               so
               be
               brought
               to
               warmer
               keeping
               by
               Degrees
               ;
               the
               next
               day
               stable
               him
               .
               But
               tho
               it
               be
               held
               as
               a
               general
               Rule
               amongst
               the
               generality
               of
               Grooms
               ,
               not
               to
               cloath
               or
               ;
               dress
               their
               Horses
               ,
               till
               Two
               or
               Three
               days
               after
               their
               stabling
               ,
               I
               can
               find
               no
               Reason
               but
               Custom
               to
               perswade
               one
               to
               it
               ;
               But
               it
               being
               
                 little
                 conducive
              
               either
               to
               the
               advantage
               or
               prejudice
               of
               the
               Horse
               ,
               I
               shall
               leave
               it
               to
               their
               own
               Fancies
               :
               But
               as
               to
               the
               giving
               of
               Wheat-straw
               ,
               to
               take
               up
               his
               Belly
               ,
               (
               a
               custom
               us'd
               by
               Grooms
               generally
               at
               the
               Horse's
               first
               Housing
               ,
               )
               I
               am
               utterly
               averse
               from
               it
               .
               For
               the
               Nature
               of
               a
               Horse
               being
               hot
               and
               dry
               ,
               if
               he
               should
               feed
               on
               Straw
               ,
               which
               is
               so
               likewise
               ,
               it
               would
               straighten
               his
               Guts
               ,
               and
               cause
               an
               Inflammation
               of
               the
               Liver
               ,
               and
               by
               that
               means
               distemper
               the
               Blood
               ;
               and
               besides
               it
               would
               make
               his
               Body
               so
               costive
               ,
               that
               it
               would
               cause
               a
               Retention
               of
               Nature
               ,
               and
               make
               him
               dung
               with
               great
               pain
               and
               difficulty
               ;
               whereas
               
                 full
                 Feeding
              
               would
               expell
               the
               Excrements
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               
                 true
                 Intention
              
               and
               Inclination
               of
               Nature
               .
               Therefore
               let
               moderate
               Airing
               ,
               warm
               Cloathing
               ,
               good
               
                 old
                 Hay
              
               ,
               and
               
                 old
                 Corn
              
               ,
               supply
               the
               place
               of
               Wheat-straw
               .
            
             
               To
               begin
               then
               methodically
               ,
               that
               your
               Groom
               may
               not
               be
               to
               seek
               in
               any
               part
               of
               his
               Duty
               ,
               I
               shall
               acquaint
               him
               ,
               that
               his
               first
               business
               is
               ,
               after
               he
               hath
               brought
               his
               Horse
               into
               the
               Stable
               ,
               in
               the
               morning
               to
               water
               him
               ,
               and
               then
               to
               rub
               over
               his
               Body
               with
               a
               
                 hard
                 Wisp
              
               a
               little
               moisten'd
               ,
               and
               then
               with
               a
               woollen
               cloath
               ,
               then
               to
               cleanse
               his
               Sheath
               with
               his
               wet
               hand
               from
               all
               the
               Dust
               it
               had
               contracted
               during
               his
               Running
               ,
               and
               to
               wash
               his
               Yard
               either
               with
               White-wine
               ,
               or
               Water
               .
               Then
               he
               may
               trim
               him
               according
               to
               the
               manner
               that
               other
               Horses
               are
               trimm'd
               ,
               except
               the
               inside
               of
               his
               
               Ears
               ,
               which
               (
               though
               some
               still
               continue
               that
               fashion
               )
               ought
               not
               to
               be
               meddled
               with
               ,
               for
               fear
               of
               making
               him
               
                 catch
                 cold
              
               .
            
             
               When
               this
               is
               done
               ,
               let
               him
               have
               him
               to
               the
               Farrier
               ,
               and
               there
               get
               a
               Sett
               of
               Shoos
               answerable
               to
               the
               shape
               of
               his
               Foot
               ,
               and
               not
               to
               pare
               his
               Foot
               that
               it
               may
               fit
               his
               Shoo
               ,
               as
               too
               many
               Farriers
               do
               ,
               not
               only
               in
               Brabant
               and
               Flanders
               ,
               but
               here
               likewise
               .
               Be
               sure
               let
               his
               Feet
               be
               well
               open'd
               betwixt
               the
               Quarters
               and
               the
               Thrush
               ,
               to
               prevent
               Hoof-binding
               ;
               and
               let
               them
               be
               open'd
               straight
               ,
               and
               not
               side-ways
               ,
               for
               by
               that
               means
               in
               two
               or
               three
               Shooings
               ,
               his
               Heels
               (
               which
               are
               the
               strength
               of
               his
               Feet
               )
               will
               be
               cut
               quite
               away
               .
               Pare
               his
               Foot
               as
               hollow
               as
               you
               can
               ,
               and
               then
               the
               Shoo
               will
               not
               press
               upon
               it
               .
               The
               Shoo
               must
               come
               near
               to
               the
               Heel
               ,
               yet
               not
               be
               set
               so
               close
               as
               to
               bruise
               it
               ;
               nor
               yet
               so
               open
               as
               to
               catch
               in
               his
               Shoos
               ,
               if
               at
               any
               time
               he
               happen
               to
               over-reach
               ,
               and
               so
               hazard
               the
               pulling
               them
               off
               ,
               the
               breaking
               of
               his
               Hoof
               ,
               or
               the
               bruising
               of
               his
               Heel
               .
               The
               Webbs
               of
               the
               Shoos
               must
               be
               neither
               too
               broad
               ,
               nor
               too
               narrow
               ,
               but
               of
               a
               
                 middle
                 size
              
               ,
               about
               the
               breadth
               of
               an
               inch
               ,
               with
               slop'd
               Spunges
               ;
               and
               even
               with
               his
               Foot
               ;
               for
               though
               it
               would
               be
               for
               the
               advantage
               of
               the
               Travelling
               Horse's
               Heel
               ,
               to
               have
               the
               Shoo
               sit
               a
               little
               wider
               than
               the
               Hoof
               ,
               on
               both
               sides
               ,
               that
               the
               Shoo
               might
               bear
               his
               Weight
               ,
               and
               not
               his
               Foot
               touch
               the
               ground
               ;
               yet
               the
               Hunter
               being
               often
               forc'd
               to
               gallop
               on
               rotten
               spungy
               Earth
               ,
               to
               have
               them
               larger
               would
               hazard
               Laming
               ,
               and
               pulling
               off
               his
               Shoos
               ,
               as
               hath
               been
               shown
               before
               .
            
             
               There
               is
               an
               Old
               Proverb
               ,
               
                 Before
                 behind
                 ,
                 and
                 Behind
                 before
              
               ;
               that
               is
               ,
               in
               the
               Fore-feet
               the
               Veins
               lie
               behind
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               Hinder-feet
               they
               lie
               before
               .
               Therefore
               let
               the
               Farrier
               take
               care
               that
               he
               prick
               
               him
               not
               ,
               but
               leave
               a
               space
               at
               the
               Heel
               of
               the
               Fore-feet
               ,
               and
               a
               space
               between
               the
               Nails
               at
               the
               Toe
               .
               When
               your
               Shoo
               is
               set
               on
               according
               to
               this
               Direction
               ,
               you
               will
               find
               a
               great
               deal
               of
               his
               Hoof
               left
               to
               be
               
                 cut
                 off
              
               at
               his
               Toe
               .
               When
               that
               is
               cut
               off
               ,
               and
               his
               Feet
               smooth'd
               with
               a
               Filé
               ,
               you
               will
               find
               him
               to
               stand
               so
               firm
               ,
               and
               his
               Feet
               will
               be
               so
               strong
               ,
               that
               he
               will
               tread
               as
               boldly
               on
               Stones
               as
               on
               Carpet-ground
               .
            
             
               By
               that
               time
               he
               is
               shod
               ,
               I
               presume
               't
               will
               be
               time
               to
               water
               him
               ,
               therefore
               rake
               him
               to
               the
               River
               ,
               and
               let
               him
               ,
               after
               he
               has
               drank
               ,
               stand
               some
               time
               in
               the
               Water
               ,
               which
               will
               close
               up
               the
               holes
               (
               according
               to
               the
               opinion
               of
               some
               Horsemen
               )
               which
               the
               driving
               of
               the
               Nails
               made
               .
               Then
               have
               him
               gently
               home
               ,
               and
               having
               ty'd
               him
               up
               to
               the
               Rack
               ,
               rub
               him
               all
               over
               Body
               and
               Legs
               with
               dry
               Straw
               ;
               then
               stop
               his
               Feet
               with
               Cow-dung
               ,
               sift
               him
               a
               Quarter
               of
               a
               Peck
               of
               clean
               
                 old
                 Oats
              
               ,
               and
               give
               them
               to
               him
               ;
               then
               litter
               him
               ,
               and
               leave
               him
               a
               sufficient
               Quantity
               of
               
                 old
                 Hay
              
               to
               serve
               him
               all
               Night
               ,
               and
               so
               leave
               him
               till
               the
               next
               Morning
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 IV.
              
               How
               to
               order
               the
               Hunter
               for
               the
               first
               Fortnight
               .
            
             
               I
               presume
               by
               this
               your
               Horse
               will
               have
               evacuated
               all
               his
               Grass
               ,
               and
               his
               Shoes
               will
               be
               so
               well
               setled
               to
               his
               Feet
               ,
               that
               he
               may
               be
               fit
               to
               be
               
                 rid
                 abroad
              
               to
               Air
               without
               danger
               of
               surbating
               .
               Therefore
               't
               is
               now
               necessary
               that
               I
               begin
               in
               a
               more
               particular
               manner
               to
               direct
               our
               
                 unexperienc'd
                 Groom
              
               how
               he
               ought
               to
               proceed
               to
               order
               his
               Horse
               according
               to
               Art.
               
            
             
               First
               then
               you
               are
               to
               visit
               your
               Horse
               early
               in
               the
               Morning
               ,
               to
               wit
               ,
               by
               Five
               a
               Clock
               if
               in
               Summer
               ,
               or
               Six
               ,
               if
               in
               Winter
               ,
               and
               having
               
                 put
                 up
              
               his
               Litter
               under
               his
               Stall
               ,
               and
               
                 made
                 clean
              
               your
               Stable
               ,
               you
               shall
               then
               feel
               his
               Ribs
               ,
               his
               Chaule
               and
               his
               Flank
               ,
               for
               those
               are
               the
               cheif
               signes
               by
               which
               you
               must
               learn
               to
               judge
               of
               the
               good
               ,
               or
               
                 evil
                 state
              
               of
               your
               Horses
               body
               ,
               as
               I
               shall
               now
               shew
               you
               .
            
             
               Lay
               your
               Hands
               on
               the
               lower
               part
               of
               his
               short-ribs
               ,
               near
               the
               Flank
               ,
               and
               if
               you
               feel
               his
               Fat
               to
               be
               exceeding
               soft
               and
               tender
               ,
               and
               to
               yield
               as
               it
               were
               under
               your
               hand
               ,
               than
               you
               may
               be
               confident
               it
               is
               unsound
               ,
               and
               that
               the
               least
               violent
               Labour
               ,
               or
               Travail
               will
               dissolve
               it
               :
               which
               being
               dissolv'd
               ,
               e're
               it
               be
               hardned
               by
               good
               Dyet
               ,
               if
               it
               be
               not
               then
               remov'd
               by
               scouring
               ,
               the
               Fat
               or
               grease
               belonging
               to
               the
               outward
               parts
               of
               the
               Body
               will
               fall
               down
               into
               his
               Heels
               ,
               and
               
               so
               cause
               gowtiness
               and
               swelling
               .
               I
               need
               not
               trouble
               you
               with
               the
               outward
               signs
               of
               this
               Distemper
               ,
               they
               are
               evident
               to
               the
               Eye
               :
               but
               tho
               every
               Groom
               can
               inform
               you
               when
               a
               Horse
               is
               said
               to
               have
               the
               grease
               fallen
               into
               his
               Heels
               ,
               yet
               may
               be
               he
               cannot
               instruct
               you
               in
               the
               cause
               why
               
                 Travail
                 disperseth
              
               it
               for
               a
               time
               ,
               and
               when
               the
               Horse
               is
               cold
               it
               returns
               with
               more
               violence
               than
               before
               .
               The
               reason
               therefore
               is
               this
               :
               The
               Grease
               which
               by
               indiscreet
               Exercise
               ,
               and
               negligence
               in
               keeping
               is
               melted
               and
               fallen
               into
               his
               Legs
               ,
               
                 standing
                 still
              
               in
               the
               Stable
               cools
               and
               congeals
               ,
               and
               so
               unites
               it self
               with
               other
               ill
               Humours
               ,
               which
               flow
               to
               the
               affected
               part
               ,
               so
               that
               they
               stop
               the
               natural
               Circulation
               of
               the
               Blood
               ,
               and
               cause
               inflamations
               ,
               and
               swellings
               as
               aforesaid
               but
               Travail
               producing
               warmth
               in
               his
               Limbs
               thaws
               as
               it
               were
               the
               congeal'd
               Humours
               ,
               and
               disperses
               them
               throughout
               the
               Body
               in
               general
               ;
               till
               Rest
               gives
               them
               opportunity
               to
               unite
               and
               settle
               again
               .
               Now
               tho
               most
               Grooms
               are
               of
               opinion
               that
               this
               Distemper
               is
               not
               to
               be
               prevented
               by
               care
               or
               caution
               ,
               that
               when
               it
               has
               once
               seaz'd
               a
               horse
               it
               remains
               incureable
               ;
               yet
               they
               are
               mistaken
               in
               both
               ,
               for
               by
               Art
               it
               may
               be
               prevented
               ,
               and
               by
               Art
               cured
               :
               altho
               the
               cure
               is
               so
               difficult
               to
               be
               wrought
               ,
               that
               a
               Groom
               cannot
               be
               too
               careful
               to
               prevent
               it
               .
            
             
               As
               for
               the
               nward
               Grease
               which
               is
               in
               his
               
                 Stomack
                 ,
                 Bag
              
               ,
               and
               Guts
               ,
               if
               when
               once
               '
               melted
               it
               be
               not
               remov'd
               by
               Art
               ,
               Medicine
               and
               good
               keeping
               ,
               it
               putrifies
               ,
               and
               breeds
               those
               mortal
               Diseases
               ,
               which
               inevitably
               destroy
               the
               Horse
               ,
               tho
               it
               be
               half
               a
               year
               or
               three
               quarters
               of
               a
               year
               after
               .
               And
               this
               is
               generally
               the
               source
               of
               most
               
                 Feavers
                 ,
                 Surfeits
                 ,
                 Consumptions
                 ,
                 &c.
              
               and
               such
               other
               Distempers
               which
               carry
               off
               infinite
               numbers
               of
               horses
               ,
               for
               want
               of
               the
               Farriers
               knowledge
               in
               the
               first
               Causes
               of
               the
               Distemper
               :
               which
               to
               prevent
               you
               shall
               follow
               the
               ensuing
               Directions
               .
            
             
             
               After
               by
               feeling
               on
               his
               Ribs
               you
               have
               found
               his
               Fat
               soft
               and
               unsound
               ;
               you
               shall
               feele
               his
               Chaule
               ,
               and
               if
               you
               find
               any
               
                 fleshy
                 substance
              
               ,
               or
               great
               round
               Kirnells
               or
               Knots
               ,
               you
               may
               be
               assured
               that
               ,
               as
               his
               outward
               Fat
               is
               unsound
               ,
               so
               inwardly
               he
               is
               full
               of
               glut
               ,
               and
               pursive
               ,
               by
               means
               of
               gross
               and
               tough
               Humours
               cleaving
               to
               the
               hollow
               places
               of
               the
               Lungs
               stopping
               so
               his
               Windpipe
               that
               his
               Wind
               cannot
               find
               free
               passage
               ,
               nor
               his
               Body
               be
               capable
               of
               much
               Labour
               .
               Therefore
               the
               chief
               end
               and
               Intention
               of
               Art
               is
               by
               good
               sound
               Food
               to
               enseame
               and
               harden
               his
               Fat
               ,
               and
               by
               moderate
               Exercise
               ,
               warm
               cloathing
               ,
               and
               gentle
               Phisick
               to
               cleanse
               away
               his
               
                 inward
                 Glut
              
               ,
               that
               his
               Wind
               ,
               and
               other
               parts
               being
               freed
               from
               all
               grossness
               ,
               his
               courage
               and
               activity
               in
               any
               labour
               or
               service
               may
               appear
               to
               be
               more
               than
               redoubled
               .
            
             
               The
               same
               Observations
               you
               must
               make
               from
               his
               Flank
               ,
               which
               you
               will
               find
               alwaies
               to
               correspond
               ,
               with
               the
               Ribs
               and
               Chaule
               ,
               for
               till
               he
               is
               drawn
               clean
               it
               will
               feel
               thick
               to
               your
               gripe
               ,
               but
               when
               he
               is
               enseam'd
               ,
               you
               will
               perceive
               nothing
               but
               two
               thin
               skins
               ;
               and
               by
               these
               three
               Observations
               of
               the
               
                 Ribs
                 ,
                 Flank
              
               ,
               and
               Chaps
               ,
               you
               may
               ,
               at
               any
               time
               pass
               an
               indifferent
               judgment
               of
               your
               Horses
               being
               in
               a
               good
               condition
               or
               a
               bad
               .
            
             
               When
               you
               have
               made
               these
               Remarks
               ,
               you
               shall
               sift
               your
               Horse
               a
               handful
               or
               two
               (
               and
               no
               more
               )
               of
               good
               old
               sound
               Oates
               ,
               and
               give
               them
               to
               him
               ,
               to
               preserve
               his
               Stomack
               from
               cold
               Humours
               that
               might
               oppress
               it
               by
               drinking
               fasting
               ,
               and
               likewise
               to
               make
               him
               drink
               the
               better
               .
               When
               he
               hath
               eaten
               them
               ,
               pull
               off
               his
               Coller
               ,
               and
               rub
               his
               
                 Head
                 ,
                 Face
                 ,
                 Ears
              
               ,
               and
               Nape
               of
               the
               Neck
               with
               a
               clean
               Rubbing
               Cloth
               made
               of
               Hemp
               ,
               for
               't
               is
               soveraign
               for
               the
               Head
               ,
               and
               dissolveth
               all
               gross
               and
               filthy
               Humours
               .
               Then
               
               take
               a
               small
               Snaffle
               ,
               and
               wash
               it
               in
               fair
               water
               ,
               and
               put
               it
               on
               his
               head
               ,
               drawing
               the
               Reins
               through
               the
               Headstall
               ,
               to
               prevent
               his
               slipping
               it
               over
               his
               head
               ,
               and
               so
               tye
               him
               up
               to
               the
               Rack
               ,
               and
               dress
               him
               thus
               ;
            
             
               First
               in
               your
               Right-hand
               take
               a
               Curry-Comb
               suitable
               to
               your
               Horses
               skin
               ,
               (
               as
               if
               your
               horses
               coat
               be
               short
               and
               smooth
               ,
               then
               must
               the
               Curry-Comb
               be
               blunt
               ,
               but
               if
               long
               and
               rough
               ,
               then
               must
               the
               Teeth
               be
               long
               and
               and
               sharp
               ,
               standing
               with
               your
               Face
               opposite
               to
               the
               Horses
               ,
               hold
               the
               Left
               cheek
               of
               the
               Headstall
               in
               your
               Left-hand
               ,
               and
               Curry
               him
               with
               a
               good
               hard
               hand
               from
               the
               Root
               of
               his
               Ears
               ,
               all
               a
               long
               his
               Neck
               to
               his
               Shoulders
               :
               then
               go
               over
               all
               his
               Body
               with
               a
               more
               moderate
               hand
               ,
               then
               Curry
               his
               Buttocks
               down
               to
               the
               hinder
               Cambrell
               with
               an
               hard
               hand
               again
               :
               then
               change
               your
               hand
               ,
               and
               laying
               your
               Right
               Arm
               over
               his
               Back
               ,
               joyn
               your
               right-side
               to
               his
               left
               ,
               and
               so
               Curry
               him
               gently
               from
               the
               top
               of
               his
               Withers
               ,
               to
               the
               lower
               part
               of
               his
               shoulder
               ,
               ever
               now
               and
               then
               fetching
               your
               stroke
               over
               the
               left
               side
               of
               his
               breast
               ,
               and
               so
               Curry
               him
               down
               to
               Knee
               ,
               but
               no
               further
               :
               Then
               Curry
               him
               all
               under
               his
               Belly
               ,
               near
               his
               Fore-bowels
               ,
               and
               in
               a
               word
               all
               over
               very
               well
               ,
               his
               Legs
               under
               the
               Knees
               and
               Cambrels
               only
               excepted
               .
               And
               as
               you
               dress'd
               the
               left-side
               ,
               so
               must
               you
               the
               right
               likewise
               .
            
             
               Now
               by
               the
               way
               take
               notice
               ,
               whether
               your
               Horse
               keeps
               
                 a
                 riggling
                 up
                 and
                 down
              
               ,
               biting
               the
               Rack-staves
               ,
               and
               now
               and
               then
               offering
               to
               snap
               at
               you
               ,
               or
               lifting
               up
               his
               Leg
               to
               strike
               at
               you
               ,
               when
               you
               are
               Currying
               him
               :
               if
               he
               do
               't
               is
               an
               apparent
               sign
               of
               his
               displeasure
               by
               reason
               of
               the
               sharpness
               of
               the
               Comb
               ,
               and
               therefore
               you
               must
               file
               the
               Teeth
               thereof
               more
               blunt
               :
               but
               if
               you
               perceive
               that
               he
               plays
               these
               ,
               or
               such
               like
               Tricks
               through
               Wantonness
               and
               
               the
               Pseasure
               he
               takes
               in
               the
               Friction
               ,
               then
               you
               shall
               ever
               now
               and
               then
               correct
               him
               with
               your
               Whip
               gently
               for
               his
               Waggishness
               .
            
             
               This
               Currying
               is
               only
               to
               raise
               the
               Dust
               ,
               and
               therefore
               after
               you
               have
               thus
               curried
               him
               ,
               you
               must
               take
               either
               a
               Horse-tail
               (
               nail
               d
               to
               an
               Handle
               )
               or
               a
               clean
               dusting-Cloath
               of
               Cotten
               ,
               and
               with
               it
               strike
               off
               the
               loose
               Dust
               rais'd
               by
               your
               Curry-comb
               Then
               dress
               him
               all
               over
               with
               the
               French-Brush
               ,
               both
               Head
               ,
               Body
               ,
               and
               Legs
               to
               the
               very
               Fet-locks
               ,
               observing
               always
               to
               cleanse
               the
               Brush
               from
               the
               filth
               it
               gathers
               from
               the
               bottom
               of
               the
               Hair
               ,
               by
               rubbing
               it
               on
               the
               curry-comb
               .
               Then
               dust
               him
               the
               second
               time
               .
               Then
               with
               your
               Hand
               wet
               in
               water
               rub
               his
               body
               all
               over
               ,
               and
               as
               near
               as
               you
               can
               leave
               no
               
                 loose
                 hairs
              
               behind
               you
               ;
               and
               with
               your
               
                 wet
                 hands
              
               pick
               and
               cleanse
               his
               
                 Eys
                 ,
                 Ears
                 ,
                 Nostrils
                 ,
                 Sheath
                 ,
                 Cods
                 ,
              
               and
               Tuel
               ,
               and
               so
               rub
               him
               till
               he
               be
               as
               dry
               as
               at
               first
               .
               Then
               take
               an
               Hair-patch
               ,
               and
               rub
               his
               Body
               all
               over
               ,
               but
               especially
               his
               Fore-bowels
               under
               his
               Belly
               ,
               his
               Flank
               ,
               and
               between
               his
               hinder
               Thighs
               .
               Lastly
               ,
               wipe
               him
               over
               with
               a
               fine
               white
               linnen
               Rubber
               .
            
             
               When
               you
               have
               thus
               drest
               him
               ,
               take
               a
               large
               Saddle-cloath
               (
               made
               on
               purpose
               ,
               )
               that
               may
               reach
               down
               to
               the
               Spurring-place
               ,
               and
               lap
               it
               about
               his
               Body
               ;
               then
               clap
               on
               his
               Saddle
               ,
               and
               throw
               a
               cloth
               over
               him
               for
               fear
               of
               catching
               cold
               .
               Then
               take
               two
               Ropes
               of
               Straw
               twisted
               extream
               hard
               together
               ,
               and
               with
               them
               rub
               and
               chafe
               his
               Legs
               from
               the
               Knees
               and
               Cambrels
               downwards
               to
               the
               Ground
               ,
               picking
               his
               Fetlock-joynts
               with
               your
               hands
               from
               Dust
               ,
               Filth
               ,
               and
               Scabs
               .
               Then
               take
               another
               Hair-patch
               kept
               on
               purpose
               for
               his
               Legs
               ,
               (
               for
               you
               must
               have
               two
               )
               and
               with
               it
               rub
               and
               dress
               his
               Legs
               also
               .
            
             
               Now
               by
               the
               way
               let
               me
               give
               you
               this
               necessary
               
               Caution
               ,
               be
               sure
               whilst
               you
               are
               dressing
               your
               Horse
               let
               him
               not
               stand
               naked
               ,
               his
               Body
               being
               expos'd
               to
               the
               penetration
               of
               the
               Air
               ,
               whilst
               you
               are
               telling
               a
               Banbury-story
               to
               some
               Comrades
               ,
               that
               accidentally
               come
               into
               the
               Stable
               ,
               as
               I
               have
               seen
               some
               Grooms
               ,
               that
               would
               stand
               lolling
               over
               their
               Horses
               ,
               when
               they
               were
               uncloath'd
               ,
               and
               trifle
               away
               their
               time
               by
               listning
               to
               some
               idle
               Discourse
               ;
               but
               when
               you
               have
               stripp'd
               him
               fall
               to
               your
               Business
               roundly
               ,
               without
               any
               intermission
               till
               you
               have
               sadled
               him
               ,
               and
               thrown
               his
               Cloth
               over
               him
               .
            
             
               And
               the
               reason
               why
               I
               advise
               you
               to
               throw
               a
               Cloth
               over
               him
               ,
               whilst
               you
               are
               dressing
               his
               Legs
               is
               this
               ;
               that
               although
               t
               is
               a
               general
               Rule
               amongst
               Grooms
               ,
               that
               an
               Horse
               cannot
               take
               cold
               whilst
               he
               is
               dressing
               ,
               yet
               is
               that
               Saying
               to
               be
               understood
               only
               of
               his
               Body
               ,
               not
               of
               his
               Legs
               ;
               for
               the
               rubbing
               of
               his
               Legs
               will
               not
               prevent
               catching
               cold
               in
               his
               Body
            
             
               When
               this
               is
               done
               ,
               you
               shall
               with
               an
               
                 Iron
                 Picker
              
               pick
               his
               Feet
               clean
               ,
               (
               that
               the
               stopping
               of
               his
               Feet
               may
               not
               be
               a
               means
               of
               his
               taking
               up
               Stones
               in
               them
               ,
               )
               comb
               down
               his
               Main
               and
               Tail
               with
               a
               wet
               Main-comb
               ,
               then
               spirt
               some
               Beer
               into
               his
               Mouth
               ,
               and
               so
               draw
               him
               out
               of
               the
               Stable
               .
            
             
               Being
               mounted
               ,
               rake
               or
               walk
               him
               to
               some
               Running
               River
               ,
               or
               fresh
               clear
               Spring
               ,
               distant
               a
               Mile
               or
               two
               from
               your
               Stable
               ,
               (
               which
               will
               refine
               his
               Mouth
               which
               he
               may
               have
               lost
               ,
               during
               his
               Summers
               Running
               ,
               and
               will
               likewise
               settle
               his
               Body
               upon
               his
               Rake
               ,
               )
               and
               there
               let
               him
               drink
               about
               half
               his
               draught
               at
               first
               ,
               to
               prevent
               raw
               Crudities
               arising
               in
               his
               Stomach
               .
               After
               he
               hath
               drunk
               bring
               him
               
                 calmly
                 out
              
               of
               the
               Water
               ,
               and
               so
               ride
               him
               gently
               for
               a
               while
               ;
               for
               nothing
               is
               more
               unbeseeming
               a
               Horseman
               ,
               than
               to
               thrust
               his
               Horse
               into
               a
               
                 swift
                 Gallop
              
               ,
               as
               soon
               as
               he
               comes
               out
               of
               the
               Water
               ,
               for
               these
               three
               Causes
               .
               First
               ,
               it
               is
               not
               
               only
               hazards
               the
               breaking
               of
               his
               Wind
               ,
               but
               also
               assuredly
               endanges
               the
               incording
               ,
               or
               bursting
               of
               him
               .
               Secondly
               ,
               it
               begets
               in
               him
               an
               ill
               habit
               of
               
                 running
                 away
              
               ,
               as
               soon
               as
               he
               hath
               done
               drinking
               .
               Lastly
               ,
               the
               foresight
               he
               hath
               of
               such
               
                 violent
                 Exercise
              
               ,
               makes
               him
               oftentimes
               refuse
               to
               quench
               his
               Thirst
               :
               and
               therefore
               (
               as
               I
               said
               )
               first
               walk
               him
               a
               little
               way
               ,
               and
               then
               put
               him
               into
               a
               
                 gentle
                 Gallop
              
               for
               5
               or
               6
               score
               ,
               then
               give
               him
               wind
               :
               and
               after
               he
               hath
               been
               rak'd
               a
               pretty
               space
               ,
               then
               shew
               him
               the
               Water
               again
               ,
               and
               let
               him
               drink
               what
               he
               pleases
               ,
               and
               then
               gallop
               him
               again
               ;
               and
               thus
               do
               till
               he
               will
               drink
               
                 no
                 more
              
               ,
               but
               be
               sure
               to
               observe
               always
               that
               you
               gallop
               him
               not
               so
               much
               as
               either
               to
               chafe
               ,
               or
               sweat
               him
               .
            
             
               Now
               by
               the
               way
               observe
               ,
               that
               in
               his
               
                 galloping
                 after
                 water
              
               ,
               (
               after
               the
               first
               weeks
               enseaming
               ,
               )
               if
               sometimes
               you
               give
               him
               a
               
                 watering
                 Course
                 sharply
              
               ,
               of
               twelve
               or
               twenty
               score
               ,
               (
               as
               you
               find
               your
               Horse
               ,
               )
               it
               will
               quicken
               his
               spirits
               ,
               and
               cause
               him
               to
               gallop
               more
               pleasantly
               ,
               and
               teach
               him
               to
               mannage
               his
               Limbs
               more
               nimbly
               ,
               and
               to
               stretch
               forth
               his
               
                 Body
                 largely
              
               .
            
             
               When
               your
               Horse
               hath
               done
               drinking
               ,
               then
               rake
               him
               to
               the
               Top
               of
               the
               next
               Hill
               ,
               (
               if
               there
               be
               any
               near
               your
               Watring-place
               ,
               )
               for
               there
               in
               the
               morning
               the
               Air
               is
               purest
               ,
               or
               else
               to
               some
               such
               place
               ,
               as
               he
               may
               gain
               best
               advantage
               both
               of
               Sun
               and
               Air
               ,
               and
               there
               air
               him
               a
               foot-pace
               an
               hour
               ,
               or
               so
               long
               as
               you
               (
               in
               your
               discretion
               )
               shall
               think
               sufficient
               for
               the
               state
               of
               his
               Body
               ,
               and
               then
               ride
               him
               home
               .
            
             
               During
               the
               time
               of
               your
               Horses
               Airing
               ,
               you
               will
               easily
               perceive
               several
               marks
               of
               your
               Horses
               satisfaction
               ,
               and
               the
               pleasure
               which
               he
               takes
               in
               this
               Exercise
               .
               For
               he
               will
               
                 gape
                 ,
                 yawn
              
               ,
               and
               as
               it
               were
               shrug
               his
               Body
               .
               If
               he
               offer
               to
               
                 stand
                 still
              
               ,
               to
               dung
               ,
               or
               stale
               ,
               which
               his
               Airing
               will
               provoke
               ,
               be
               sure
               give
               him
               leave
               ,
               as
               likewise
               to
               
                 stare
                 about
                 ,
                 neigh
              
               ,
               or
               listen
               after
               any
               noise
               .
            
             
             
               Now
               Airing
               brings
               several
               Advantages
               to
               the
               Horse
               .
               First
               ,
               it
               purifies
               the
               Blood
               ,
               (
               if
               the
               Air
               be
               clean
               and
               pure
               ,
               )
               it
               purges
               the
               Body
               from
               many
               gross
               and
               suffocating
               Humors
               ,
               and
               so
               hardens
               and
               enseams
               the
               Horses
               Fat
               ,
               that
               it
               is
               not
               near
               so
               liable
               to
               be
               dissolv'd
               by
               ordinary
               Exercise
               .
               Secondly
               ,
               it
               teaches
               him
               how
               to
               let
               his
               
                 Wind
                 rake
                 equally
              
               and
               
                 keep
                 time
              
               with
               the
               other
               Actions
               or
               Motions
               of
               his
               Body
               .
               Thirdly
               ,
               it
               sharpens
               the
               Appetite
               ,
               and
               provokes
               the
               Stomach
               ,
               (
               which
               is
               of
               great
               advantage
               both
               to
               Hunters
               and
               Gallopers
               ,
               who
               are
               apt
               to
               loose
               their
               Stomach
               through
               excess
               or
               want
               of
               Exercise
               )
               :
               for
               the
               sharpness
               of
               the
               Air
               will
               drive
               the
               Horses
               
                 natural
                 Heat
              
               from
               the
               exterior
               to
               the
               interior
               parts
               ,
               which
               Heat
               by
               furthering
               Concoction
               creates
               an
               Appetite
               .
               Lastly
               ,
               it
               increases
               Lust
               and
               Courage
               in
               him
               ,
               provided
               he
               not
               
                 too
                 early
              
               air'd
               .
            
             
               But
               whereas
               Mr.
               Markam
               ,
               in
               his
               
                 Way
                 to
                 get
                 wealth
              
               ,
               4o.
               pag.
               44.
               directs
               ,
               if
               your
               Horse
               be
               very
               fat
               to
               air
               him
               before
               Sun-rise
               ,
               and
               after
               Sun-set
               ;
               and
               that
               the
               Author
               of
               the
               
                 Gentleman's
                 Jockey
              
               ,
               8o.
               pag.
               14.
               says
               ,
               that
               nothing
               is
               more
               wholsome
               than
               early
               and
               late
               Airings
               ;
               I
               think
               the
               contrary
               may
               be
               made
               out
               from
               Experience
               .
               For
               in
               this
               Art
               ,
               all
               things
               that
               any
               ways
               hinder
               the
               strength
               and
               vigor
               of
               Nature
               ,
               are
               to
               be
               avoided
               ;
               now
               ,
               that
               extreamity
               of
               Cold
               ,
               and
               being
               out
               early
               and
               late
               do
               so
               ,
               is
               evidently
               seen
               by
               Horses
               that
               
                 run
                 abroad
              
               all
               Winter
               ,
               which
               however
               hardily
               bred
               ,
               and
               kept
               with
               the
               best
               care
               and
               Fodder
               ,
               yet
               cannot
               by
               any
               means
               be
               advanc'd
               to
               so
               good
               case
               in
               Winter
               as
               an
               indifferent
               Pasture
               will
               raise
               them
               to
               in
               Summer
               .
               And
               this
               holding
               true
               of
               the
               
                 Nocturnal
                 Colds
              
               ,
               must
               needs
               be
               verified
               in
               some
               proportionate
               measure
               of
               the
               Morning
               and
               
                 Evening
                 Dews
              
               ,
               and
               that
               piercing
               Cold
               which
               is
               observ'd
               to
               be
               more
               intense
               at
               the
               opening
               and
               close
               of
               the
               Day
               ,
               than
               any
               
               part
               of
               the
               Night
               .
               Besides
               that
               ,
               the
               Dews
               and
               moist
               Rimes
               do
               as
               much
               Injury
               to
               a
               Horse
               ,
               as
               the
               sharpest
               Colds
               or
               Frosts
               :
               since
               (
               as
               I
               have
               found
               by
               experience
               )
               a
               Horse
               any
               ways
               inclinable
               to
               
                 Catarrhs
                 ,
                 Rheums
              
               ,
               or
               any
               other
               cold
               Distempers
               ,
               is
               apt
               to
               have
               the
               Humors
               augmented
               ,
               and
               the
               disease
               most
               senbsily
               increasd
               by
               these
               early
               and
               late
               Airings
               .
            
             
               But
               if
               he
               be
               not
               had
               forth
               to
               aire
               till
               the
               Sun
               be
               risen
               ,
               (
               as
               you
               must
               cast
               to
               have
               him
               dress'd
               ,
               and
               ready
               to
               lead
               forth
               against
               that
               time
               )
               his
               spirits
               will
               be
               chear'd
               and
               comforted
               by
               that
               
                 universal
                 Comforter
              
               of
               all
               living
               Creatures
               ;
               and
               indeed
               all
               Horses
               naturally
               desire
               to
               enjoy
               the
               Sun's
               warmth
               ,
               as
               you
               may
               observe
               by
               those
               Horses
               which
               
                 lie
                 out
              
               all
               Night
               ,
               who
               as
               soon
               as
               the
               Sun
               is
               risen
               ,
               will
               repair
               to
               those
               places
               where
               they
               may
               have
               the
               most
               benefit
               of
               his
               Beams
               ,
               and
               by
               them
               be
               in
               part
               reliev'd
               from
               the
               coldness
               of
               the
               foregoing
               Night
               .
               And
               besides
               the
               benefit
               of
               the
               Sun
               ,
               the
               Air
               will
               be
               so
               mild
               and
               temperate
               ,
               as
               it
               will
               rather
               invigorate
               than
               prey
               upon
               his
               spirits
               ,
               and
               more
               increase
               his
               Strength
               than
               impair
               it
            
             
               Neither
               ,
               tho
               we
               disallow
               of
               Early
               and
               Late
               airings
               ,
               need
               we
               be
               at
               a
               loss
               to
               bring
               down
               our
               Horses
               fat
               ,
               and
               from
               being
               pursive
               ,
               and
               
                 too
                 high
              
               in
               Flesh
               ,
               to
               reduce
               him
               to
               cleanness
               ,
               and
               a
               more
               moderate
               state
               of
               Body
               :
               For
               if
               you
               do
               but
               observe
               this
               one
               Rule
               of
               keeping
               a
               fat
               Horse
               so
               much
               longer
               out
               at
               a
               time
               both
               Morning
               and
               Evening
               ,
               you
               will
               undoubtedly
               obtain
               your
               end
               by
               such
               
                 long
                 Airing
              
               ,
               joyn'd
               with
               true
               sound
               Heats
               ,
               which
               you
               may
               expect
               indeed
               ,
               but
               will
               never
               find
               from
               those
               that
               are
               shorter
               ,
               how
               early
               and
               late
               soever
               :
               for
               this
               Method
               joyn'd
               with
               good
               feeding
               is
               the
               best
               Prescription
               can
               be
               given
               in
               this
               case
               ,
               and
               t
               is
               from
               the
               length
               of
               your
               Airings
               only
               ,
               that
               you
               must
               hope
               to
               bring
               your
               Horse
               to
               a
               perfect
               Wind
               ,
               and
               true
               Courage
               .
               And
               therefore
               a
               Horse
               that
               is
               high
               in
               Flesh
               ,
               is
               a
               fitter
               subject
               to
               work
               on
               ,
               than
               
               One
               that
               is
               low
               ,
               because
               he
               is
               better
               able
               to
               endure
               Labour
               ,
               whereas
               the
               other
               must
               of
               necessity
               be
               so
               favoured
               in
               training
               ,
               to
               improve
               his
               Strength
               and
               Flesh
               ,
               that
               he
               is
               in
               danger
               (
               without
               he
               be
               under
               the
               care
               of
               a
               very
               Skilful
               keeper
               )
               of
               proving
               thick
               wind
               ed
               for
               want
               of
               
                 true
                 Exercise
              
               in
               Training
               .
            
             
               When
               you
               are
               returned
               from
               Airing
               ,
               and
               are
               dismounted
               ,
               lead
               your
               Horse
               on
               the
               Straw
               ,
               which
               (
               as
               I
               told
               you
               before
               )
               should
               always
               lye
               before
               the
               Stable
               door
               ;
               and
               there
               by
               Whistling
               and
               stirring
               up
               the
               Litter
               under
               his
               Belly
               will
               provoke
               him
               to
               Stale
               ,
               which
               a
               little
               practice
               will
               bring
               him
               to
               ,
               and
               is
               advantagious
               for
               the
               Horses
               Health
               ,
               and
               the
               keeping
               of
               your
               Stable
               clean
               ;
               Then
               lead
               him
               into
               his
               Staul
               (
               which
               ought
               likewise
               to
               be
               well
               littered
               )
               and
               having
               ty'd
               up
               his
               head
               to
               the
               empty
               Rack
               ,
               take
               off
               his
               Saddle
               ,
               rubb
               his
               Body
               and
               Leggs
               all
               over
               with
               the
               French-brush
               ,
               then
               with
               the
               Hair-patch
               ,
               and
               last
               of
               all
               with
               the
               
                 Woollen
                 cloath
              
               .
            
             
               Then
               you
               shall
               cloath
               him
               with
               a
               
                 Linnen
                 cloath
              
               next
               to
               his
               Body
               ,
               and
               over
               that
               a
               Canvas
               cloath
               ,
               and
               both
               made
               so
               fit
               as
               to
               cover
               his
               Breast
               and
               to
               come
               pretty
               low
               down
               to
               his
               Legs
               ,
               which
               is
               the
               Turkish
               way
               of
               Cloathing
               ,
               who
               are
               the
               most
               curious
               People
               (
               sales
               the
               Duke
               of
               Newcaslle
               )
               in
               keeping
               their
               Horses
               ,
               and
               esteem
               them
               the
               most
               of
               any
               Nation
               .
               Over
               the
               forementioned
               put
               a
               Body-cloath
               of
               six
               ,
               or
               eight
               Straps
               ,
               which
               is
               better
               than
               a
               Sircingle
               and
               Pad
               stuft
               with
               wisps
               ,
               because
               this
               keeps
               his
               Belly
               in
               Shape
               ,
               and
               is
               not
               so
               subject
               to
               hurt
               him
               .
            
             
               Now
               these
               Cloathes
               will
               be
               sufficient
               for
               him
               at
               his
               first
               Stabling
               ,
               because
               being
               inur'd
               to
               the
               cool
               Air
               he
               will
               not
               be
               so
               apt
               to
               
                 take
                 cold
              
               ,
               the
               weather
               likewise
               at
               that
               season
               being
               indifferently
               warm
               ;
               but
               when
               sharp
               weather
               approaches
               ,
               and
               that
               you
               find
               his
               
                 Hair
                 rise
              
               about
               his
               outward
               parts
               that
               are
               
               uncloathed
               ,
               as
               
                 Neck
                 ,
                 Gascoins
                 ,
                 &c.
              
               then
               add
               another
               Cloath
               ,
               which
               ought
               to
               be
               of
               Woolen
               ,
               and
               for
               any
               Horse
               bred
               under
               this
               Climate
               ,
               and
               kept
               only
               for
               ordinary
               Hunting
               ,
               this
               is
               cloathing
               sufficient
               .
            
             
               Now
               the
               design
               of
               cloathings
               is
               only
               by
               their
               help
               joyn'd
               to
               the
               warmth
               of
               the
               Stable
               ,
               and
               the
               Litter
               (
               which
               must
               alwaies
               lye
               under
               the
               Horse
               )
               to
               keep
               his
               Body
               in
               such
               a
               moderate
               Natural
               Heat
               ,
               as
               shall
               be
               sufficient
               to
               assist
               Nature
               ,
               that
               skilful
               Physitian
               in
               expelling
               her
               Enemies
               ,
               by
               dissolving
               those
               raw
               and
               gross
               Humours
               which
               are
               subject
               to
               annoy
               the
               Horse
               ,
               and
               which
               would
               very
               much
               prejudice
               him
               if
               they
               were
               not
               removed
               ;
               which
               
                 warm
                 cloathing
              
               does
               in
               a
               great
               measure
               by
               dispersing
               them
               into
               the
               
                 outward
                 parts
              
               ,
               and
               expelling
               them
               by
               sweating
               as
               he
               sleeps
               and
               lyes
               down
               ,
               which
               will
               be
               a
               meanes
               to
               purge
               his
               Body
               ,
               and
               keep
               it
               clean
               from
               glut
               ,
               and
               redundant
               Humours
               .
            
             
               But
               yet
               (
               as
               in
               all
               things
               the
               
                 golden
                 mean
                 is
                 best
              
               )
               there
               is
               a
               meane
               to
               be
               observ'd
               too
               here
               :
               for
               as
               too
               few
               Cloathes
               will
               not
               assist
               Nature
               sufficiently
               in
               the
               expulsion
               of
               her
               Enemies
               ,
               so
               
                 too
                 many
              
               will
               force
               her
               
                 too
                 much
              
               ,
               and
               cause
               weakness
               in
               your
               Horse
               by
               too
               violent
               sweatings
               .
               Therefore
               you
               must
               have
               a
               care
               of
               following
               the
               Example
               of
               some
               ignorant
               Grooms
               ,
               who
               because
               they
               have
               acquired
               a
               false
               Reputation
               by
               living
               in
               some
               Noblemans
               or
               Gentlemans
               Service
               ,
               that
               are
               noted
               Sportsmen
               ,
               think
               they
               are
               able
               to
               give
               Laws
               to
               all
               their
               Fraternity
               ,
               and
               therefore
               without
               any
               reason
               heap
               Multiplicity
               of
               Cloaths
               on
               the
               Horse
               as
               if
               they
               meant
               to
               bury
               him
               in
               Woolen
               .
               You
               must
               know
               ,
               that
               both
               the
               temperature
               of
               the
               Weather
               and
               the
               State
               of
               his
               Body
               are
               to
               be
               observed
               ;
               and
               that
               all
               Horses
               are
               not
               to
               be
               cloathed
               alike
               .
               Your
               fine-Skined
               Horses
               ,
               as
               the
               
                 Barb
                 ,
                 Turk
                 ,
                 Spanish
                 horse
              
               &c.
               require
               more
               clothes
               then
               our
               English
               common
               
               Horses
               ,
               that
               are
               bred
               in
               a
               
                 colder
                 climate
              
               ,
               and
               have
               naturally
               thicker
               skin
               's
               ,
               and
               a
               longer
               Coat
               .
               But
               that
               you
               may
               not
               erre
               I
               have
               told
               you
               already
               how
               you
               are
               to
               cloath
               your
               Horse
               ,
               and
               therefore
               shall
               only
               add
               this
               one
               General
               Rule
               ,
               That
               a
               Rough
               Coat
               shews
               want
               of
               Cloaths
               ,
               and
               a
               Smooth
               Coat
               Cloathing
               sufficient
               :
               ever
               observing
               ,
               that
               by
               his
               Countenance
               ,
               his
               Dung
               ,
               and
               other
               
                 outward
                 Characters
              
               (
               which
               I
               shall
               by
               and
               by
               give
               you
               more
               at
               large
               )
               you
               perceive
               your
               Horse
               to
               to
               be
               in
               health
               ,
               and
               yet
               notwithstanding
               your
               Horses
               Coat
               still
               stares
               ,
               you
               must
               add
               more
               cloathes
               till
               it
               lye
               ;
               as
               on
               the
               
                 other
                 hand
              
               if
               it
               will
               lye
               withe
               the
               assist
               -
               of
               a
               single
               Linnen
               Cloath
               it
               is
               sufficient
               .
            
             
               But
               if
               when
               he
               has
               been
               in
               keeping
               some
               time
               ,
               you
               perceive
               him
               apt
               to
               sweat
               in
               the
               Night
               ,
               't
               is
               a
               sign
               that
               he
               is
               over-fed
               ,
               and
               wants
               exercise
               :
               but
               if
               he
               sweat
               at
               his
               
                 first
                 coming
              
               from
               Grass
               ,
               you
               must
               know
               that
               there
               is
               cause
               rather
               to
               encrease
               ,
               than
               diminish
               the
               Cloathes
               I
               have
               alloted
               at
               his
               first
               Housing
               ;
               for
               it
               proceeds
               from
               the
               
                 foul
                 humours
              
               which
               oppress
               Nature
               ,
               and
               when
               by
               exercise
               they
               are
               evacuated
               ,
               Nature
               will
               
                 cease
                 working
              
               ,
               and
               he
               will
               continue
               in
               a
               temperate
               state
               of
               Body
               all
               the
               year
               after
               .
            
             
               When
               he
               is
               
                 cloath'd
                 up
                 ,
                 pick
              
               his
               Feet
               cleane
               with
               an
               
                 Iron
                 Picker
              
               ,
               and
               wash
               his
               Hoofs
               clean
               with
               a
               Spung
               dipt
               in
               
                 fair
                 watet
              
               ,
               and
               then
               dry
               them
               with
               Straw
               or
               a
               
                 Linnen
                 cloath
              
               ,
               and
               if
               there
               be
               occasion
               and
               that
               you
               find
               your
               Horses
               ,
               
                 Legs
                 durty
              
               ,
               you
               may
               bathe
               them
               likewise
               ,
               only
               you
               must
               be
               sure
               to
               rub
               them
               dry
               before
               you
               go
               out
               of
               your
               Stable
               ,
               then
               leave
               him
               on
               his
               Snaffle
               for
               an
               hour
               ,
               or
               more
               ,
               which
               will
               assist
               his
               Appetite
               .
            
             
               When
               an
               Hour
               is
               expired
               ,
               you
               shall
               come
               to
               him
               again
               ,
               and
               having
               tuck'd
               an
               handful
               of
               Hay
               ,
               and
               
               dusted
               it
               ,
               you
               shall
               let
               your
               Horse
               tease
               it
               out
               of
               your
               hand
               till
               he
               hath
               eaten
               it
               ;
               then
               pull
               off
               his
               Bridle
               ,
               and
               having
               rub'd
               his
               Head
               and
               Neck
               clean
               ,
               with
               the
               Hempen-cloth
               ,
               as
               before
               ,
               pull
               his
               Eares
               ,
               and
               stop
               his
               Nostrils
               to
               make
               him
               snore
               ,
               which
               will
               help
               to
               
                 bring
                 away
              
               the
               moist
               Humours
               which
               oppress
               his
               Brain
               ,
               and
               then
               put
               on
               his
               Coller
               ,
               and
               give
               him
               a
               Quarter
               of
               
                 Oats
                 clean
                 drest
              
               ,
               in
               a
               Sive
               ,
               having
               first
               made
               his
               Locker
               ,
               or
               Manger
               clean
               with
               a
               Wispe
               of
               Straw
               ,
               and
               a
               Cloth.
               
            
             
               Whilst
               he
               is
               eating
               his
               Corn
               ,
               you
               shall
               sweep
               out
               your
               Stable
               ,
               and
               see
               that
               all
               things
               are
               neat
               about
               him
               ,
               and
               turning
               up
               his
               Cloaths
               ,
               you
               shall
               rub
               his
               
                 Fillets
                 ,
                 Buttocks
              
               ,
               and
               Gascoins
               over
               with
               the
               hairpatch
               ,
               and
               after
               that
               with
               a
               Woolen-cloth
               ;
               then
               spread
               a
               clean
               
                 Flannel
                 Fillet-cloth
              
               over
               his
               Fillets
               and
               Buttocks
               (
               which
               will
               make
               his
               Coat
               lye
               smooth
               )
               and
               turn
               down
               his
               Housing-cloaths
               upon
               it
               .
               Then
               anoint
               his
               Hoofs
               round
               from
               the
               Cronet
               to
               the
               Toe
               with
               this
               Ointment
               ,
               viz.
               
            
             
               Take
               Four
               Ounces
               of
               
                 Venice
                 Turpentine
              
               ,
               Three
               Ounces
               of
               
                 Bees
                 wax
              
               ,
               Two
               Ounces
               of
               the
               best
               Rosin
               ,
               One
               pound
               of
               Dogs-grease
               ,
               Half
               a
               Pint
               of
               
                 Train
                 Oyle
              
               ,
               Melt
               all
               these
               Ingredients
               (
               except
               the
               Turpentine
               )
               together
               ,
               being
               melted
               remove
               them
               from
               the
               Fire
               ,
               and
               then
               put
               in
               the
               Turpentine
               ,
               and
               keep
               it
               stirring
               ,
               till
               all
               be
               well
               incorporated
               ,
               then
               put
               it
               in
               a
               
                 Gally
                 pot
              
               ,
               and
               when
               it
               is
               cold
               cover
               it
               close
               from
               dust
               ,
               and
               reserve
               it
               for
               use
               .
            
             
               After
               this
               pick
               his
               Feet
               with
               an
               
                 Iron
                 Picker
              
               ,
               and
               stop
               them
               with
               Cow-dung
               ;
               and
               by
               this
               time
               your
               Horse
               (
               if
               he
               be
               not
               a
               very
               slow
               Feeder
               )
               will
               have
               eaten
               his
               Oates
               ,
               which
               if
               you
               find
               he
               does
               with
               a
               good
               Stomack
               ,
               sift
               him
               another
               Quart
               ,
               and
               throw
               them
               
               to
               feed
               him
               by
               
                 little
                 and
                 little
              
               ,
               whilst
               he
               eats
               with
               an
               Appetite
               ;
               but
               if
               he
               fumbles
               with
               his
               Corn
               ,
               then
               give
               him
               no
               more
               at
               that
               time
               .
            
             
               And
               this
               I
               think
               a
               better
               Direction
               than
               to
               prescribe
               a
               
                 set
                 quantity
              
               of
               Provender
               ,
               as
               all
               Authors
               I
               have
               yet
               met
               with
               have
               done
               .
               For
               without
               doubt
               no
               certain
               Quantity
               of
               Meat
               can
               be
               allotted
               for
               all
               sorts
               of
               Horses
               ,
               any
               more
               than
               for
               all
               sorts
               of
               Men
               ;
               and
               therefore
               proportion
               the
               quantity
               to
               the
               Horses
               Appetite
               :
               but
               be
               sure
               at
               all
               times
               give
               him
               his
               
                 full
                 feeding
              
               ,
               for
               that
               will
               keep
               his
               Body
               in
               better
               state
               and
               temper
               ,
               and
               increase
               his
               strength
               and
               vigor
               .
               Whereas
               on
               the
               contrary
               ,
               to
               keep
               your
               Horse
               
                 always
                 sharp-set
              
               ,
               is
               the
               ready
               way
               to
               procure
               a
               Surfeit
               ,
               if
               at
               any
               time
               he
               can
               come
               at
               his
               fill
               of
               Provender
               ;
               according
               to
               the
               common
               Proverb
               ,
               
                 Two
                 hungry
                 Meales
                 make
                 the
                 third
                 a
                 Glutton
                 .
              
               But
               tho
               you
               perceive
               he
               gather
               Flesh
               too
               fast
               upon
               such
               home-feeding
               ;
               yet
               be
               sure
               not
               to
               stint
               him
               for
               it
               ,
               but
               only
               increase
               his
               Labour
               ,
               and
               that
               will
               assist
               both
               his
               Strength
               and
               Wind.
               
            
             
               When
               these
               things
               are
               done
               ,
               you
               shall
               dust
               a
               pretty
               of
               Hay
               ,
               and
               throw
               it
               down
               to
               him
               on
               his
               Litter
               ,
               after
               you
               have
               taken
               it
               up
               under
               him
               ;
               and
               then
               shutting
               up
               the
               Windows
               and
               
                 Stable
                 door
              
               ,
               leave
               him
               till
               One
               a
               Clock
               in
               the
               Afternoon
               ;
               at
               which
               time
               you
               shall
               come
               to
               him
               ,
               and
               having
               rubb'd
               over
               his
               
                 Head
                 ,
                 Neck
                 ,
                 Fillets
                 ,
                 Buttocks
                 ,
              
               and
               Legs
               ,
               as
               before
               ,
               with
               the
               Hair-patch
               and
               Woollen-cloath
               ,
               you
               shall
               feed
               him
               as
               before
               ,
               and
               then
               leave
               him
               till
               the
               time
               of
               his
               
                 Evening
                 watring
              
               ,
               (
               which
               should
               be
               about
               three
               of
               the
               clock
               in
               Winter
               ,
               and
               four
               in
               Summer
               ;
               )
               and
               then
               having
               put
               back
               his
               
                 foul
                 Litter
              
               ,
               and
               swept
               away
               that
               and
               his
               Dung
               ,
               you
               shall
               dress
               and
               saddle
               him
               as
               before
               ,
               and
               mounting
               him
               you
               shall
               rake
               him
               to
               the
               water
               ,
               and
               
               after
               drinking
               and
               galloping
               you
               shall
               air
               him
               along
               by
               the
               
                 River
                 side
              
               ,
               till
               you
               think
               it
               time
               to
               go
               home
               ;
               then
               order
               him
               in
               
                 all
                 points
              
               ,
               as
               to
               rubbing
               ,
               feeding
               ,
               stopping
               his
               Feet
               ,
               &c.
               as
               you
               did
               in
               the
               morning
               ;
               and
               having
               fed
               him
               at
               
                 six
                 a
                 clock
              
               ,
               be
               sure
               feed
               him
               again
               about
               Nine
               ;
               and
               having
               litter'd
               him
               well
               ,
               and
               thrown
               him
               Hay
               enough
               to
               serve
               him
               for
               all
               Night
               ,
               you
               shall
               leave
               him
               till
               the
               next
               Morning
               .
               And
               as
               you
               have
               spent
               this
               day
               ,
               so
               you
               must
               order
               him
               in
               
                 all
                 respects
              
               for
               a
               fortnight
               together
               ,
               and
               by
               that
               time
               his
               Flesh
               will
               be
               so
               harden'd
               ,
               and
               his
               Wind
               so
               improv'd
               ;
               his
               Mouth
               will
               be
               so
               quicken'd
               ,
               and
               his
               Gallop
               brought
               to
               so
               good
               a
               stroke
               ,
               that
               he
               will
               be
               fit
               to
               be
               put
               to
               
                 moderate
                 Hunting
              
               .
            
             
               Now
               during
               this
               Fortnights
               keeping
               you
               are
               to
               make
               several
               Observations
               ,
               as
               to
               the
               Nature
               and
               Disposition
               of
               your
               Horse
               ,
               the
               temper
               of
               his
               Body
               ,
               the
               course
               of
               his
               Digestion
               ,
               &c.
               and
               order
               him
               accordingly
               .
               As
               first
               ,
               if
               he
               be
               of
               a
               churlish
               Disposition
               ,
               you
               must
               reclaim
               him
               by
               Severity
               ;
               if
               of
               a
               loving
               temper
               ,
               you
               must
               win
               him
               by
               
                 Kindness
                 .
                 Secondly
              
               ,
               you
               must
               observe
               whether
               he
               be
               a
               
                 foul
                 Feeder
              
               ,
               or
               of
               a
               
                 nice
                 Stomach
              
               ;
               if
               he
               be
               quick
               at
               his
               Meat
               ,
               and
               retain
               a
               good
               Stomach
               ,
               then
               four
               times
               of
               
                 full
                 Feeding
              
               ,
               in
               a
               Day
               and
               a
               Nights
               space
               ,
               is
               sufficient
               ;
               but
               if
               he
               be
               a
               
                 slender
                 Feeder
              
               ,
               and
               slow
               at
               his
               Meat
               ,
               then
               you
               must
               give
               but
               a
               little
               at
               once
               ,
               and
               often
               ,
               as
               about
               every
               two
               hours
               ,
               for
               fresh
               Meat
               will
               draw
               on
               his
               Appetite
               ;
               and
               you
               must
               always
               leave
               a
               little
               Meat
               in
               his
               Locker
               for
               him
               to
               eat
               at
               his
               own
               leisure
               betwixt
               the
               times
               of
               his
               Feeding
               ;
               and
               when
               at
               any
               time
               you
               find
               any
               left
               ,
               you
               shall
               sweep
               it
               away
               ,
               and
               give
               him
               fresh
               ,
               and
               expose
               that
               to
               the
               Sun
               and
               Air
               ,
               which
               will
               prevent
               mustiness
               and
               reduce
               it
               to
               its
               first
               sweetness
               ,
               before
               it
               was
               blown
               upon
               .
            
             
             
               Now
               as
               to
               the
               manner
               of
               Feeding
               ,
               you
               may
               sharpen
               his
               Stomach
               by
               change
               of
               Meat
               ,
               as
               giving
               one
               Meal
               
                 clean
                 Oats
              
               ,
               another
               Oats
               and
               split-Beans
               ,
               and
               (
               when
               you
               have
               brought
               him
               to
               eat
               Bread
               )
               you
               may
               give
               him
               another
               meal
               of
               Bread
               ,
               always
               observing
               to
               give
               him
               oftenest
               that
               which
               he
               likes
               best
               ;
               or
               if
               you
               please
               you
               may
               give
               him
               both
               Corn
               and
               Bread
               at
               the
               same
               time
               ,
               provided
               you
               give
               him
               that
               last
               which
               he
               eats
               best
               ,
               and
               which
               has
               the
               best
               Digestion
               .
            
             
               T
               is
               observ'd
               of
               some
               Horses
               ,
               that
               they
               are
               of
               so
               hot
               a
               Constitution
               ,
               that
               without
               they
               may
               drink
               at
               every
               bit
               they
               cannot
               eat
               ,
               and
               those
               Horses
               usually
               carry
               
                 no
                 Belly
              
               ;
               in
               this
               case
               therefore
               you
               must
               let
               a
               Pale
               of
               Water
               stand
               continually
               before
               them
               ,
               or
               at
               least
               offer
               them
               Water
               at
               Noon
               ,
               besides
               what
               they
               fetch
               abroad
               at
               their
               ordinary
               times
               .
            
             
               Next
               you
               are
               to
               observe
               the
               nature
               of
               his
               Digestion
               ,
               that
               is
               ,
               whether
               he
               retains
               his
               Food
               long
               ,
               which
               is
               the
               sign
               of
               a
               bad
               Digestion
               ;
               or
               whether
               Nature
               does
               expel
               the
               Dung
               more
               frequently
               ;
               which
               if
               he
               do
               ,
               and
               that
               his
               Dung
               be
               loose
               and
               bright
               t
               is
               a
               sign
               of
               a
               good
               habit
               of
               Body
               ;
               but
               if
               he
               dung
               hard
               ,
               and
               seldom
               ,
               then
               on
               the
               contrary
               t
               is
               a
               sign
               of
               a
               dry
               Body
               ;
               and
               therefore
               to
               remedy
               this
               ,
               you
               shall
               once
               in
               a
               day
               give
               him
               a
               handful
               or
               two
               of
               Oats
               ,
               well
               wash'd
               in
               good
               
                 strong
                 Ale
              
               ,
               for
               this
               will
               loosen
               his
               Body
               ,
               and
               keep
               it
               moist
               ,
               and
               you
               will
               sind
               it
               also
               good
               for
               his
               Wind
               ,
               notwithstand-the
               opinion
               of
               some
               to
               the
               contrary
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               
                 CHAP
                 V.
              
               Of
               the
               Second
               Fortnights
               Diet
               ,
               and
               of
               his
               first
               Hunting
               ,
               and
               what
               Chases
               are
               most
               proper
               to
               Train
               him
               .
            
             
               BY
               that
               time
               you
               have
               spent
               this
               Fortnight
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               foregoing
               Rules
               ,
               your
               Horse
               will
               be
               in
               a
               pretty
               
                 good
                 state
              
               of
               Body
               ;
               for
               the
               gross
               Humors
               will
               be
               dry'd
               in
               his
               Body
               ,
               and
               his
               Flesh
               will
               begin
               to
               be
               harden'd
               ,
               which
               you
               will
               perceive
               (
               as
               I
               told
               you
               at
               first
               )
               by
               his
               Chaul
               ,
               his
               short
               Ribs
               ,
               and
               his
               Flank
               ;
               for
               the
               Kernels
               under
               his
               Chaps
               will
               not
               feel
               so
               gross
               as
               at
               first
               they
               did
               ,
               his
               flesh
               on
               his
               short
               Ribs
               will
               not
               feel
               so
               soft
               and
               loose
               ,
               nor
               the
               thin
               part
               of
               his
               Flank
               so
               thick
               as
               at
               his
               first
               housing
               ;
               so
               that
               now
               you
               may
               without
               hazard
               adventure
               to
               hunt
               him
               moderately
               .
            
             
               But
               before
               I
               proceed
               ,
               I
               think
               it
               necessary
               to
               clear
               one
               point
               ,
               which
               I
               have
               heard
               much
               discuss'd
               amongst
               Horsemen
               ,
               which
               is
               ,
               What
               sort
               of
               Chase
               is
               most
               proper
               for
               the
               training
               of
               a
               young
               Horse
               ?
               some
               being
               of
               one
               Opinion
               ,
               some
               of
               another
               .
               For
               some
               would
               have
               a
               Horse
               ,
               which
               is
               
                 design
                 d
              
               either
               for
               a
               Buck-hunter
               or
               Fox-hunter
               ,
               us'd
               from
               the
               beginning
               to
               the
               Chase
               which
               they
               are
               design'd
               for
               .
               Others
               think
               those
               Chases
               too
               violent
               for
               a
               young
               .
               Horse
               ,
               and
               therefore
               chuse
               to
               train
               him
               after
               Harriers
               ;
               and
               of
               this
               Opinion
               I
               must
               own
               my self
               to
               be
               ,
               since
               Exporience
               has
               fully
               shewn
               me
               the
               Advantages
               of
               the
               one
               ,
               and
               the
               Inconveniences
               
               of
               the
               other
               .
               Now
               to
               prove
               this
               Assertion
               ,
               let
               us
               take
               a
               slight
               view
               of
               the
               several
               Chases
               which
               are
               commonly
               used
               by
               our
               Nobility
               and
               Gentry
               ,
               where
               the
               Horse
               is
               made
               a
               Companion
               and
               Member
               of
               the
               Sport
               ,
               and
               they
               are
               these
               ;
               the
               
                 Stag
                 ,
                 Buck
                 ,
                 Hind
                 ,
                 Fox
                 ,
                 Otter
                 ,
              
               and
               Hare
               .
            
             
               As
               for
               the
               
                 three
                 first
              
               here
               mention'd
               ,
               as
               there
               is
               not
               much
               difference
               in
               the
               hunting
               of
               them
               ,
               so
               the
               Inconveniences
               from
               each
               Chase
               are
               in
               a
               manner
               the
               same
               also
               .
               For
               which
               soever
               you
               hunt
               ,
               t
               is
               either
               in
               Covert
               ,
               or
               
                 at
                 force
              
               .
               Now
               if
               Deer
               be
               hunted
               in
               a
               Park
               ,
               they
               usually
               chuse
               the
               most
               woody
               parts
               of
               it
               ,
               as
               a
               Refuge
               from
               the
               pursuits
               of
               their
               Enemies
               ,
               which
               is
               both
               unpleasant
               to
               the
               Rider
               ,
               and
               troublesome
               to
               the
               Horse
               ,
               to
               follow
               the
               Dogs
               thro
               the
               
                 thick
                 Bushes
              
               ;
               and
               besides
               ,
               usually
               the
               Ground
               in
               Parks
               is
               full
               of
               
                 Mole-banks
                 ,
                 Trenches
              
               ,
               &c.
               which
               is
               dangerous
               for
               a
               young
               Horse
               to
               gallop
               on
               ,
               till
               he
               has
               attain'd
               to
               some
               perfection
               in
               his
               Stroke
               .
               But
               if
               they
               be
               
                 turn'd
                 out
              
               of
               the
               Park
               ,
               and
               be
               hunted
               
                 at
                 force
              
               ,
               you
               will
               find
               ,
               that
               as
               soon
               as
               you
               have
               unharbour'd
               or
               rous'd
               them
               ,
               they
               will
               immediately
               make
               out
               
                 end
                 ways
              
               before
               the
               Hounds
               five
               or
               six
               ,
               nay
               sometimes
               ten
               Miles
               ,
               they
               following
               in
               
                 full
                 Cry
              
               so
               swiftly
               ,
               that
               a
               Horse
               must
               be
               compell'd
               to
               run
               up
               and
               
                 down
                 hill
              
               without
               any
               
                 intermission
                 ;
                 leaping
              
               Hedg
               ,
               Ditch
               ,
               and
               Dale
               ,
               nay
               often
               
                 crossing
                 Rivers
              
               ,
               to
               the
               great
               danger
               of
               the
               Rider
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               of
               the
               Horse
               .
               So
               that
               in
               my
               opinion
               t
               is
               altogether
               improper
               to
               put
               a
               young
               Horse
               to
               such
               violent
               labour
               at
               the
               first
               ,
               till
               by
               practice
               and
               degrees
               he
               hath
               been
               made
               acquainted
               with
               
                 hard
                 service
              
               .
            
             
               Now
               besides
               the
               swiftness
               and
               violence
               of
               this
               Chase
               ,
               and
               the
               danger
               of
               cracking
               his
               Wind
               ,
               and
               bursting
               his
               Belly
               ;
               besides
               the
               straining
               of
               his
               Limbs
               by
               such
               desperate
               Riding
               ,
               and
               the
               creating
               in
               a
               young
               Horse
               a
               loathsomness
               to
               his
               Labour
               ,
               by
               undergoing
               
               such
               violent
               and
               unusual
               service
               ;
               the
               seasons
               for
               these
               Chases
               begining
               about
               Midsummer
               ,
               and
               ending
               about
               Holy-Rood-tide
               ,
               which
               is
               that
               part
               of
               the
               year
               in
               which
               the
               Sun's
               heat
               is
               excessive
               ,
               and
               so
               scorches
               the
               Earth
               ,
               that
               a
               violent
               Chase
               would
               hazard
               the
               melting
               his
               Grease
               and
               the
               weight
               of
               the
               Rider
               ,
               by
               reason
               of
               the
               hardness
               of
               the
               Ground
               ,
               would
               occasion
               
                 Foundring
                 ,
                 Splents
              
               ,
               and
               Windgalls
               ,
               insomuch
               that
               in
               short
               time
               the
               Horse
               would
               prove
               altogether
               vseless
               .
            
             
               But
               here
               I
               cannot
               but
               desire
               to
               be
               rightly
               understood
               ,
               since
               tho
               I
               object
               against
               these
               Chases
               as
               improper
               for
               young
               Horses
               ,
               yet
               I
               do
               not
               mean
               that
               Horses
               should
               be
               excluded
               this
               Recreation
               ;
               but
               I
               would
               have
               those
               which
               are
               imploy'd
               herein
               ,
               to
               be
               Horses
               of
               
                 stay'd
                 years
              
               ,
               and
               by
               long
               practice
               and
               experience
               have
               been
               rightly
               train'd
               to
               Hunting
               .
               
                 Young
                 Horses
                 (
                 as
                 the
                 Duke
                 of
                 
                   New
                   castle
                
                 says
                 )
                 being
                 as
                 subject
                 to
                 Diseases
                 as
                 
                   young
                   Children
                
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 he
                 advises
                 any
                 man
                 that
                 would
                 buy
                 a
                 Horse
                 for
                 use
                 in
                 his
                 ordinary
                 occasions
                 ,
                 as
                 for
                 
                   Journeys
                   ,
                   Hawking
                
                 or
                 Hunting
                 ,
                 never
                 to
                 buy
                 a
                 Horse
                 until
                 the
                 
                   Mark
                   be
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   Mouth
                   ,
                
                 and
                 if
                 he
                 be
                 sound
                 of
                 Wind
                 ,
                 Limb
                 ,
                 and
                 Sight
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 last
                 you
                 Eight
                 or
                 Nine
                 years
                 with
                 good
                 keeping
                 ,
                 and
                 never
                 fail
                 you
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 (
                 pursues
                 he
                 I
                 am
                 always
                 ready
                 to
                 buy
                 for
                 such
                 purposes
                 an
                 
                   old
                   Nag
                
                 ,
                 of
                 some
                 Huntsman
                 ,
                 or
                 Falconer
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 sound
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 the
                 useful
                 Nag
                 ,
                 for
                 he
                 gallops
                 on
                 
                   all
                   Grounds
                   ,
                   leaps
                
                 over
                 Hedges
                 and
                 Ditches
                 ;
                 and
                 this
                 will
                 not
                 fail
                 you
                 in
                 your
                 Journey
                 ,
                 nor
                 anywhere
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 the
                 only
                 Nag
                 of
                 use
                 for
                 Pleasure
                 or
                 Journey
              
               Thus
               far
               the
               Duke
               .
               And
               if
               it
               may
               be
               permitted
               to
               add
               to
               his
               Advice
               ,
               I
               would
               have
               them
               
                 strait-bodied
                 clean-timbred
                 Nags
              
               ,
               such
               as
               may
               be
               
                 light
                 ,
                 nimble
              
               ,
               and
               of
               
                 middle
                 stature
              
               ,
               for
               those
               Horses
               are
               not
               near
               so
               subject
               to
               Lamness
               as
               those
               of
               bulk
               and
               
               strength
               ,
               the
               causes
               whereof
               have
               been
               already
               declar'd
               .
            
             
               The
               next
               Chase
               propos'd
               was
               that
               of
               the
               Fox
               ,
               which
               although
               it
               be
               a
               Recreation
               much
               
                 in
                 use
              
               ,
               and
               highly
               applauded
               by
               the
               generality
               of
               the
               Nobility
               and
               Gentry
               ;
               yet
               with
               submission
               to
               their
               judgment
               I
               never
               could
               find
               that
               pleasure
               in
               it
               which
               has
               been
               represented
               to
               me
               by
               some
               of
               its
               Admirers
               :
               and
               I
               am
               sure
               it
               is
               inconvenient
               for
               the
               training
               of
               a
               young
               Horse
               ,
               since
               it
               is
               swift
               without
               respite
               ,
               and
               of
               long
               continuance
               ,
               both
               which
               ,
               as
               I
               have
               already
               fhew'd
               ,
               are
               distastful
               to
               him
               ;
               but
               the
               greatest
               Inconvenience
               that
               happens
               to
               a
               Horse
               in
               this
               Chase
               is
               this
               ;
               that
               when
               a
               Fox
               is
               unkennel'd
               ,
               he
               seldom
               or
               never
               betakes
               himself
               to
               a
               champion
               Countrey
               ,
               but
               remains
               in
               the
               strongest
               Coverts
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               thickest
               Woods
               ;
               so
               that
               a
               Horse
               can
               but
               seldom
               enjoy
               the
               pleasure
               of
               accompanying
               the
               Hounds
               ,
               without
               hazarding
               being
               stubb'd
               ,
               or
               other
               as
               dangerous
               Accidents
               .
               The
               fittest
               Horses
               sor
               this
               Chase
               are
               Horses
               of
               great
               strength
               and
               ability
               ,
               since
               this
               Chase
               begins
               at
               Christmas
               ,
               which
               is
               the
               worst
               time
               of
               Riding
               ,
               and
               ends
               at
               our
               Lady-day
               ,
               when
               the
               Ground
               is
               best
               for
               it
               .
            
             
               The
               next
               Chase
               to
               be
               spoken
               of
               is
               the
               Ottexs
               ,
               which
               although
               it
               may
               seem
               delightful
               to
               some
               ,
               yet
               I
               cannot
               by
               any
               means
               think
               it
               convenient
               for
               a
               Horse
               :
               for
               he
               that
               will
               truly
               pursue
               this
               Amphibians
               sport
               ,
               must
               
                 often
                 swim
              
               his
               Horse
               to
               the
               equal
               hazard
               both
               of
               the
               Rider
               and
               the
               Horse
               .
            
             
               But
               to
               conclude
               with
               the
               last
               ,
               and
               the
               best
               of
               Chases
               ,
               and
               that
               is
               the
               Hare
               .
               It
               is
               in
               my
               opinion
               the
               most
               pleasant
               and
               delightful
               Chase
               of
               any
               whatsoever
               ,
               and
               the
               most
               beneficial
               for
               training
               a
               young
               Horse
               .
               It
               
               is
               swift
               ,
               and
               of
               some
               indurance
               ,
               like
               that
               of
               the
               Fox
               ,
               but
               far
               more
               pleasant
               to
               the
               Horse
               ,
               because
               Hares
               commonly
               run
               the
               Champion
               Country
               ;
               and
               the
               scent
               not
               being
               so
               hot
               as
               the
               Foxes
               ,
               the
               Dogs
               are
               oftner
               at
               default
               ,
               and
               by
               that
               means
               the
               Horse
               has
               many
               Sobbs
               ,
               whereby
               he
               recovers
               Wind
               ,
               and
               regains
               new
               strength
               .
               This
               Chase
               begins
               at
               Michaelmass
               ,
               and
               lasts
               till
               the
               End
               of
               February
               .
            
             
               Now
               the
               
                 best
                 Dogs
              
               ,
               to
               bring
               your
               Horse
               to
               perfection
               of
               Wind
               and
               Speed
               ,
               are
               your
               
                 fleet
                 Northern
              
               Hounds
               ;
               for
               they
               ,
               by
               means
               of
               their
               hard-running
               ,
               will
               draw
               him
               up
               to
               that
               extraordinary
               speed
               ,
               that
               he
               will
               not
               have
               time
               to
               loiter
               ,
               and
               by
               continual
               practice
               will
               be
               so
               inur'd
               and
               habituated
               to
               the
               violence
               of
               their
               Speed
               ,
               that
               in
               a
               short
               time
               he
               will
               be
               able
               to
               ride
               on
               
                 all
                 sorts
              
               of
               Ground
               ,
               and
               be
               at
               such
               command
               upon
               the
               hand
               ,
               that
               he
               will
               strike
               at
               what
               rate
               you
               please
               ,
               and
               
                 three-quarters
                 speed
              
               will
               be
               less
               troublesome
               to
               him
               than
               a
               Canterbury-gallop
               .
            
             
               I
               have
               often
               thought
               this
               one
               of
               the
               Reasons
               why
               your
               
                 Northern
                 Breeders
              
               for
               the
               generality
               excel
               those
               of
               the
               South
               ;
               since
               certainly
               the
               speed
               of
               their
               Hounds
               contributes
               much
               to
               the
               Excellence
               of
               their
               Horses
               ,
               and
               makes
               them
               endure
               a
               four
               mile
               Course
               without
               Sobbs
               ,
               which
               some
               Horsemen
               call
               Whole-Running
               :
               but
               of
               this
               more
               in
               another
               place
               .
            
             
               The
               time
               being
               now
               come
               that
               he
               may
               be
               hunted
               ,
               you
               shall
               order
               him
               on
               his
               days
               of
               Rest
               in
               
                 all
                 points
              
               ,
               as
               to
               his
               Dressing
               ,
               hours
               of
               
                 Feeding
                 ,
                 Watring
              
               ,
               &c.
               as
               in
               the
               
                 first
                 Fortnight
              
               afore
               directed
               ;
               only
               since
               his
               Labour
               is
               now
               to
               be
               increas'd
               ,
               you
               must
               endeavour
               to
               increase
               his
               Strength
               and
               Courage
               likewise
               ;
               and
               this
               will
               be
               effected
               by
               adding
               to
               his
               Oats
               a
               third
               part
               
               of
               clean
               old
               Beans
               spelted
               on
               a
               Mill
               ,
               and
               as
               an
               overplus
               to
               allow
               him
               Bread
               made
               after
               this
               manner
               .
            
             
               Take
               four
               Pecks
               of
               clean
               old
               Beans
               ,
               and
               two
               Pecks
               of
               Wheat
               ,
               and
               grind
               them
               together
               ,
               and
               sift
               the
               meal
               thro
               a
               Meal-sieve
               of
               an
               indifferent
               fineness
               ,
               and
               knead
               it
               with
               
                 warm
                 water
              
               and
               good
               store
               of
               Barm
               ,
               and
               let
               it
               lie
               an
               hour
               or
               more
               to
               swell
               ,
               for
               by
               that
               means
               the
               Bread
               will
               be
               the
               lighter
               ,
               and
               have
               the
               easier
               and
               quicker
               Digestion
               ;
               after
               which
               being
               with
               a
               Brake
               or
               any
               other
               way
               exceedingly
               well-kneaded
               ,
               make
               it
               up
               into
               great
               Houshold
               Peck-loaves
               ,
               which
               will
               be
               a
               means
               to
               avoid
               Crust
               ,
               and
               prevent
               its
               drying
               too
               soon
               ;
               bake
               them
               thoroughly
               ,
               and
               let
               them
               stand
               a
               good
               while
               in
               the
               Oven
               to
               soke
               ,
               then
               draw
               them
               ,
               and
               turning
               the
               bottoms
               upwards
               let
               them
               stand
               to
               cool
               .
            
             
               When
               your
               Bread
               is
               a
               
                 day
                 old
              
               you
               may
               venture
               to
               feed
               your
               Horse
               with
               it
               ,
               having
               first
               chipt
               away
               the
               Crust
               ;
               and
               sometimes
               giving
               him
               Bread
               ,
               sometimes
               Oats
               ,
               and
               now
               and
               then
               Oats
               and
               
                 spelted
                 Beans
              
               ,
               according
               as
               you
               find
               his
               stomach
               ;
               you
               need
               not
               fear
               but
               such
               Feeding
               will
               bring
               him
               into
               as
               good
               condition
               as
               you
               need
               desire
               for
               
                 Ordinary
                 Hunting
              
               .
            
             
               When
               your
               Bread
               is
               prepar'd
               ,
               and
               you
               
                 first
                 Fortnight
              
               expir'd
               ,
               you
               must
               then
               pitch
               upon
               a
               Day
               for
               his
               first
               
                 going
                 abroad
              
               after
               the
               Dogs
               ,
               and
               the
               
                 Day
                 before
              
               you
               hunt
               you
               must
               always
               
                 order
                 him
              
               after
               this
               manner
               .
               In
               the
               morning
               proceed
               in
               your
               
                 usual
                 method
              
               as
               before
               ,
               only
               observe
               that
               day
               to
               give
               him
               no
               Beans
               ,
               because
               they
               are
               hard
               of
               digestion
               ,
               but
               give
               most
               of
               Bread
               if
               you
               can
               draw
               him
               on
               to
               eat
               it
               ,
               because
               it
               is
               more
               nourishing
               than
               Oats
               ;
               and
               after
               your
               
                 Evening
                 Watering
              
               ,
               which
               ought
               to
               be
               somewhat
               earlier
               than
               at
               other
               times
               ,
               give
               him
               onely
               a
               little
               Hay
               out
               of
               your
               hand
               ,
               and
               no
               
               more
               till
               the
               next
               day
               that
               he
               returns
               from
               Hunting
               :
               and
               to
               prevent
               his
               eating
               his
               Litter
               ,
               or
               any
               thing
               else
               but
               what
               you
               give
               him
               ,
               you
               shall
               instead
               of
               a
               Muzzle
               put
               on
               a
               Cavezone
               joyn'd
               to
               a
               headstall
               of
               a
               Bridle
               ,
               being
               lin'd
               with
               
                 double
                 Leather
              
               for
               fear
               of
               hurting
               him
               ,
               and
               tying
               it
               so
               straight
               as
               to
               hinder
               his
               Eating
               ;
               and
               this
               will
               prevent
               Sickness
               in
               your
               Horse
               ,
               which
               is
               incident
               to
               some
               Horses
               when
               their
               Muzzle
               is
               fet
               on
               ,
               notwithstanding
               the
               invention
               of
               the
               Lattice-window
               ,
               now
               adays
               so
               much
               in
               use
               ;
               but
               this
               way
               your
               Horses
               Nostrils
               are
               fully
               at
               liberty
               ,
               and
               he
               will
               never
               prove
               sick
               .
               But
               as
               to
               his
               Corn
               ,
               give
               him
               his
               meals
               ,
               both
               after
               his
               Watering
               ,
               and
               at
               nine
               a
               clock
               ,
               at
               which
               time
               be
               sure
               to
               litter
               him
               very
               well
               ,
               that
               he
               may
               the
               better
               take
               his
               Rest
               ,
               and
               leave
               him
               for
               that
               Night
               .
            
             
               The
               next
               morning
               come
               to
               him
               very
               early
               ,
               as
               about
               four
               a
               clock
               ,
               and
               having
               dress'd
               a
               Quarter
               of
               a
               Peck
               of
               Oats
               very
               clean
               ,
               put
               them
               into
               his
               Locker
               ,
               and
               pour
               into
               it
               a
               Quart
               of
               good
               strong
               Ale
               ,
               and
               after
               having
               mix'd
               the
               Oats
               and
               Ale
               very
               well
               give
               him
               them
               to
               eat
               ,
               whilst
               you
               put
               back
               his
               Dung
               and
               foul
               Litter
               ,
               and
               make
               clean
               his
               Stable
               ,
               but
               if
               he
               will
               not
               eat
               wash'd
               Oats
               then
               give
               him
               dry
               ;
               but
               be
               sure
               put
               no
               Beans
               to
               them
               .
               When
               he
               has
               
                 done
                 eating
                 ,
                 Bridle
              
               him
               ,
               and
               tie
               him
               up
               to
               the
               Ring
               ,
               and
               dress
               him
               .
               When
               he
               is
               dress'd
               saddle
               him
               ;
               then
               throw
               his
               Cloth
               over
               him
               ,
               and
               let
               him
               stand
               till
               the
               Hounds
               are
               ready
               to
               go
               forth
               .
               But
               be
               sure
               not
               to
               draw
               your
               Saddle
               Girths
               straight
               till
               you
               are
               ready
               to
               mount
               ,
               left
               by
               that
               means
               he
               become
               sick
               .
               But
               generally
               
                 old
                 Horses
              
               are
               so
               crafty
               ,
               that
               when
               an
               ignorant
               Groom
               goes
               to
               girt
               them
               up
               hard
               ,
               they
               will
               streth
               out
               their
               Bodies
               to
               such
               a
               bigness
               by
               holding
               their
               Wind
               ,
               (
               on
               purpose
               to
               gain
               ease
               after
               they
               are
               girt
               )
               that
               t
               will
               appear
               difficult
               to
               girt
               them
               ;
               but
               afterwards
               they
               let
               go
               their
               Wind
               ,
               and
               their
               Bodies
               fa
               l
               again
               .
            
             
             
               When
               the
               Hounds
               are
               unkennell'd
               ,
               (
               which
               should
               not
               be
               till
               Sun-rising
               )
               go
               into
               the
               Field
               along
               with
               them
               ,
               and
               rake
               your
               Horse
               up
               and
               down
               gently
               till
               a
               Hare
               be
               started
               ;
               always
               observing
               to
               let
               him
               smell
               to
               other
               Horses
               Dung
               ,
               (
               if
               he
               be
               desirous
               of
               it
               )
               which
               will
               provoke
               him
               to
               empty
               himself
               ,
               and
               let
               him
               
                 stand
                 still
              
               when
               he
               does
               so
               :
               and
               if
               you
               meet
               with
               any
               
                 dead
                 Fog
                 ,
                 Rushes
              
               ,
               or
               such
               like
               ,
               ride
               him
               upon
               them
               ,
               and
               by
               whistling
               provoke
               him
               to
               empty
               his
               Bladder
               .
            
             
               When
               the
               Hare
               is
               started
               ,
               you
               are
               not
               to
               follow
               the
               Hounds
               as
               the
               other
               Hunters
               do
               ,
               but
               to
               confider
               ,
               that
               this
               being
               the
               
                 first
                 time
              
               of
               your
               Horses
               hunting
               ,
               he
               is
               not
               so
               well
               vers'd
               in
               the
               different
               sorts
               of
               Grounds
               as
               to
               know
               how
               to
               gallop
               smoothly
               ,
               and
               with
               ease
               on
               them
               ;
               and
               therefore
               you
               are
               not
               to
               put
               him
               as
               yet
               to
               above
               half
               his
               speed
               ,
               that
               he
               may
               learn
               to
               carry
               a
               
                 staid
                 body
              
               ,
               and
               to
               mannage
               his
               Legs
               both
               upon
               Fallows
               ,
               and
               Greenswarth
               .
               Neither
               are
               you
               to
               gallop
               him
               often
               ,
               nor
               any
               long
               time
               together
               ,
               for
               fear
               of
               discouraging
               him
               ,
               and
               breeding
               in
               him
               a
               dislike
               to
               this
               Exercise
               ;
               but
               observing
               to
               cross
               the
               Fields
               still
               to
               your
               best
               advantage
               ,
               you
               shall
               
                 make
                 in
              
               to
               the
               Hounds
               at
               every
               default
               ,
               and
               still
               keep
               your
               Horse
               (
               as
               much
               as
               these
               Rules
               will
               allow
               you
               )
               within
               the
               Cry
               of
               the
               Dogs
               ,
               that
               he
               may
               be
               us'd
               to
               their
               Cry
               ;
               and
               you
               will
               find
               ,
               that
               in
               a
               very
               short
               time
               he
               will
               take
               such
               delight
               and
               pleasure
               in
               their
               Musick
               ,
               that
               he
               will
               be
               desirous
               to
               follow
               them
               more
               eagerly
               .
            
             
               Now
               if
               at
               any
               time
               the
               Chase
               be
               lead
               over
               any
               
                 Carpet
                 ground
              
               ,
               or
               sandy
               High-way
               ,
               on
               which
               your
               Horse
               may
               
                 lay
                 out
              
               his
               body
               smoothly
               ,
               you
               may
               there
               gallop
               him
               for
               a
               quarter
               or
               half
               a
               mile
               ,
               to
               teach
               him
               to
               
                 lay
                 out
              
               his
               Body
               ,
               and
               to
               
                 gather
                 up
              
               his
               Legs
               ,
               to
               enlarge
               and
               shorten
               his
               Stroke
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               
                 different
                 Earths
              
               he
               
               gallops
               on
               ,
               as
               if
               on
               
                 Green-swarth
                 ,
                 Meadow
                 ,
                 Moore
                 ,
                 Heath
                 ,
                 &c.
              
               then
               to
               stoop
               ,
               and
               run
               more
               on
               the
               Shoulders
               ;
               if
               amongst
               Mole-hills
               ,
               or
               over
               high
               ridges
               and
               furrows
               ,
               then
               to
               gallop
               more
               roundly
               ,
               and
               in
               
                 less
                 compass
              
               ,
               or
               according
               to
               the
               vulgar
               phrase
               
                 two
                 up
                 and
                 two
                 down
              
               ,
               that
               thereby
               he
               may
               strike
               his
               Furrow
               clear
               ,
               and
               avoid
               setting
               his
               Fore-feet
               in
               the
               Bottom
               of
               it
               ,
               and
               by
               that
               means
               
                 fall
                 over
              
               ;
               But
               by
               this
               way
               of
               galloping
               ,
               tho
               he
               should
               happen
               to
               set
               his
               Feet
               in
               a
               furrow
               ,
               yet
               carrying
               his
               body
               so
               round
               and
               
                 resting
                 on
                 the
                 Hand
              
               in
               his
               gallop
               ,
               would
               prevent
               his
               Falling
               ;
               and
               to
               this
               perfection
               nothing
               but
               use
               ,
               and
               such
               moderate
               Exercise
               can
               bring
               him
               .
            
             
               According
               to
               these
               Rules
               you
               may
               spend
               your
               Time
               in
               Hunting
               ,
               till
               about
               Three
               a
               Clock
               in
               the
               Afternoon
               ,
               at
               which
               time
               you
               shall
               have
               him
               home
               in
               a
               
                 foot
                 pace
              
               as
               you
               came
               out
               in
               the
               Morning
               ,
               and
               besure
               that
               he
               be
               cool
               before
               you
               bring
               him
               out
               of
               the
               Field
               ;
               and
               as
               you
               are
               going
               home
               consider
               with
               your self
               ,
               whether
               or
               no
               he
               hath
               sweat
               a
               little
               ,
               (
               for
               you
               must
               not
               sweat
               him
               much
               the
               first
               time
               ;
               )
               but
               if
               not
               ,
               then
               gallop
               him
               gently
               on
               some
               
                 Skelping
                 Earth
              
               ,
               till
               he
               sweat
               at
               the
               Roots
               of
               his
               Ears
               ,
               a
               little
               on
               his
               Neck
               ,
               and
               in
               his
               Flanck
               ,
               but
               it
               must
               be
               done
               of
               his
               own
               
                 voluntary
                 motion
              
               ,
               without
               the
               compulsion
               of
               Whip
               and
               Spur
               :
               and
               then
               when
               he
               is
               cool
               as
               aforesaid
               ,
               have
               him
               home
               and
               Stable
               him
               ,
               and
               besure
               avoid
               walking
               him
               
                 in
                 hand
              
               to
               cool
               him
               ,
               for
               fear
               he
               cool
               
                 too
                 fast
              
               ,
               or
               washing
               him
               ,
               for
               fear
               of
               causing
               an
               obstruction
               of
               the
               natural
               course
               of
               the
               Humours
               ,
               (
               which
               are
               thought
               by
               some
               Horse-men
               to
               abound
               most
               in
               Winter
               )
               and
               by
               that
               means
               cause
               an
               inflamation
               in
               his
               Legs
               ,
               which
               is
               the
               Parent
               of
               the
               Scratches
               .
            
             
               When
               you
               set
               him
               up
               in
               his
               Staul
               (
               which
               must
               be
               well
               litter'd
               against
               his
               coming
               home
               )
               tye
               up
               his
               
               Head
               to
               the
               Ring
               with
               the
               Bridle
               ,
               and
               then
               rub
               him
               well
               with
               dry
               Straw
               all
               over
               both
               
                 Head
                 ,
                 Neck
                 ,
                 Fore-bowels
                 ,
                 Belly
                 ,
                 Flank
                 ,
                 Buttocks
              
               and
               Legs
               ;
               and
               afterwards
               rub
               his
               Body
               over
               with
               a
               
                 dry
                 cloth
              
               till
               there
               be
               not
               a
               
                 wet
                 hair
              
               left
               about
               him
               ,
               then
               
                 take
                 off
              
               his
               Saddle
               and
               rub
               the
               place
               where
               the
               Saddle
               stood
               dry
               likewise
               ,
               and
               so
               cloath
               him
               with
               his
               ordinary
               Cloaths
               with
               all
               speed
               ,
               for
               fear
               least
               he
               take
               cold
               ;
               and
               if
               you
               think
               him
               
                 too
                 hot
              
               throw
               a
               
                 spare
                 cloath
              
               over
               him
               ,
               to
               prevent
               his
               cooling
               too
               fast
               ,
               which
               you
               may
               abate
               when
               you
               please
               ,
               and
               so
               let
               him
               stand
               on
               his
               
                 Snaffle
                 Two
                 Hours
              
               or
               
                 more
                 ,
                 stirring
              
               him
               with
               your
               Whip
               now
               and
               then
               in
               his
               Staul
               ,
               to
               to
               keep
               his
               Legs
               and
               Joynts
               from
               growing
               stiff
               .
            
             
               When
               that
               time
               is
               expired
               ,
               and
               you
               think
               it
               may
               be
               
                 throughout
                 cold
              
               ,
               then
               come
               to
               him
               ,
               and
               having
               drawn
               his
               
                 Bridle
                 rubbed
              
               his
               Head
               ,
               and
               pick'd
               his
               Feet
               from
               Durt
               and
               Gravel
               which
               he
               may
               have
               gather'd
               abroad
               ,
               put
               on
               his
               Coller
               ,
               and
               sift
               him
               a
               Quart
               ,
               or
               three
               Pints
               of
               Oates
               ,
               and
               mix
               with
               them
               a
               handful
               of
               clean
               dusted
               Hempseed
               ,
               and
               give
               them
               to
               him
               ;
               but
               give
               him
               not
               above
               the
               quantity
               prescribed
               ,
               for
               fear
               of
               taking
               away
               his
               stomack
               ,
               which
               will
               be
               very
               much
               weakned
               through
               the
               heat
               of
               his
               body
               ,
               and
               want
               of
               water
               .
               Then
               remove
               the
               spare-cloth
               (
               if
               you
               have
               not
               done
               it
               before
               ,
               )
               for
               fear
               of
               keeping
               him
               hot
               too
               long
               ,
               and
               when
               he
               has
               eaten
               his
               Corn
               ,
               throw
               a
               pretty
               quantity
               of
               Hay
               clean
               dusted
               ,
               on
               his
               Litter
               ,
               and
               let
               him
               rest
               two
               or
               three
               Hours
               ,
               or
               there
               abouts
               .
            
             
               Whilest
               you
               are
               absent
               from
               him
               ,
               you
               shall
               prepare
               him
               a
               good
               Mash
               ,
               made
               of
               half
               a
               Peck
               of
               Mault
               well
               ground
               ,
               and
               water
               that
               is
               boiling
               hot
               ,
               observing
               to
               put
               no
               more
               water
               than
               your
               Mault
               will
               sweeten
               ,
               and
               your
               Horse
               will
               drink
               ,
               and
               then
               stir
               them
               together
               with
               a
               Rudder
               ,
               or
               stick
               and
               then
               cover
               it
               over
               with
               cloths
               ,
               till
               the
               water
               has
               extracted
               the
               strength
               
               of
               the
               Malt
               ,
               which
               will
               be
               evident
               to
               your
               taste
               and
               touch
               ,
               for
               t
               will
               be
               almost
               as
               sweet
               as
               Honey
               ,
               and
               feel
               ropy
               like
               Birdlime
               ;
               then
               when
               it
               is
               cold
               ,
               that
               you
               can
               scarce
               perceive
               it
               to
               smoak
               ,
               offer
               it
               to
               your
               Horse
               ,
               but
               not
               before
               ,
               lest
               the
               steam
               ascend
               into
               his
               Nostrils
               ,
               and
               thereby
               offend
               him
               with
               its
               scent
               ;
               and
               when
               he
               has
               drunk
               the
               water
               ,
               let
               him
               if
               he
               please
               eat
               the
               Malt
               also
               .
               But
               if
               he
               refuse
               to
               drink
               ,
               yet
               you
               must
               give
               him
               no
               other
               water
               that
               night
               ,
               but
               by
               placing
               it
               in
               one
               Corner
               at
               the
               head
               of
               his
               Stall
               ,
               in
               such
               manner
               that
               he
               may
               not
               throw
               it
               down
               ,
               (
               which
               you
               may
               effect
               by
               nailing
               a
               Spar
               across
               before
               the
               Bucket
               )
               let
               it
               stand
               by
               him
               all
               Night
               ,
               that
               he
               may
               drink
               at
               his
               pleasure
               .
            
             
               Now
               you
               will
               find
               this
               Mash
               ,
               or
               (
               as
               some
               call
               it
               )
               Horse-Caudle
               ,
               very
               beneficial
               to
               your
               Horse
               on
               several
               Accounts
               ;
               for
               it
               will
               comfort
               his
               Stomach
               ,
               and
               keep
               his
               Body
               in
               a
               due
               temperate
               heat
               after
               his
               days
               Hunting
               ;
               it
               will
               cleanse
               and
               
                 bring
                 away
              
               all
               manner
               of
               Grease
               and
               gross
               humours
               ,
               which
               have
               been
               dissolved
               by
               this
               Days
               labour
               ,
               and
               the
               fume
               of
               the
               Malt-grains
               ,
               after
               he
               has
               drunk
               the
               water
               ,
               will
               disperse
               watry
               Humours
               ,
               which
               might
               otherwise
               annoy
               his
               head
               ,
               and
               is
               allow'd
               by
               all
               Horsemen
               to
               be
               very
               advantageous
               on
               that
               account
               .
            
             
               When
               he
               has
               eaten
               his
               Mash
               ,
               then
               strip
               him
               of
               his
               Clothes
               ,
               and
               run
               him
               over
               with
               your
               
                 Curry-comb
                 ,
                 French
                 Brush
                 ,
                 Hair
                 Patch
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Wollen
                 Cloath
              
               ,
               and
               clothe
               him
               up
               again
               ,
               and
               then
               cleanse
               his
               Legs
               as
               well
               as
               his
               Body
               of
               all
               Dirt
               and
               Filth
               which
               may
               annoy
               them
               ,
               as
               you
               have
               been
               directed
               in
               Dressing
               ;
               then
               remove
               him
               into
               another
               Stall
               (
               that
               you
               may
               not
               wet
               his
               Litter
               )
               and
               bathe
               his
               Legs
               all
               over
               from
               the
               Knees
               with
               warm
               Beef-broth
               ,
               or
               ,
               which
               is
               better
               ,
               with
               a
               quart
               of
               warm
               Urine
               ,
               in
               which
               four
               Ounces
               
               of
               Salt-Peter
               hath
               been
               dissolv'd
               ;
               then
               rub
               his
               
                 Legs
                 dry
              
               as
               when
               you
               came
               in
               from
               Water
               ,
               set
               him
               into
               his
               Stall
               ,
               and
               give
               him
               a
               good
               Home-feeding
               of
               Oats
               ,
               or
               Bread
               ,
               (
               which
               he
               likes
               best
               )
               or
               both
               ,
               and
               having
               shook
               good
               store
               of
               Litter
               under
               him
               ,
               that
               he
               may
               rest
               the
               better
               ,
               and
               thrown
               him
               Hay
               enough
               for
               all
               night
               on
               it
               ,
               shut
               up
               your
               Stable
               close
               ,
               and
               leave
               him
               to
               his
               Rest
               till
               morning
               .
            
             
               The
               next
               morning
               come
               to
               him
               betwixt
               six
               and
               seven
               a
               clock
               ,
               for
               that
               is
               time
               enough
               ,
               because
               the
               
                 Mornings
                 rest
              
               is
               as
               pleasant
               and
               refreshing
               to
               the
               Horse
               as
               it
               is
               to
               a
               Man
               ,
               for
               then
               the
               meat
               being
               concocted
               the
               sleep
               is
               more
               sweet
               ,
               and
               the
               brain
               is
               at
               that
               time
               more
               thin
               and
               pure
               .
               If
               he
               be
               laid
               disturb
               him
               not
               ,
               but
               stay
               till
               he
               rises
               of
               his
               own
               accord
               ,
               (
               and
               to
               know
               this
               you
               ought
               to
               have
               a
               private
               
                 peep
                 .
                 hole
              
               )
               but
               if
               he
               be
               risen
               ,
               then
               go
               to
               him
               ,
               and
               the
               first
               thing
               you
               must
               do
               is
               to
               put
               back
               his
               Dung
               from
               his
               Litter
               ,
               and
               to
               observe
               what
               Colour
               it
               is
               of
               :
               observe
               whether
               it
               be
               greasie
               ,
               and
               
                 shining
                 outwardly
              
               ,
               and
               break
               it
               with
               your
               Feet
               ,
               that
               you
               may
               see
               whether
               it
               be
               so
               inwardly
               ;
               for
               if
               it
               be
               greasie
               and
               foul
               either
               within
               or
               without
               ,
               (
               which
               you
               may
               know
               by
               its
               
                 outward
                 shining
              
               ,
               and
               by
               spots
               like
               Soap
               ,
               which
               will
               appear
               within
               )
               or
               if
               it
               appear
               of
               a
               
                 dark
                 brown
              
               colour
               ,
               and
               harder
               than
               it
               was
               ,
               it
               is
               a
               sign
               that
               your
               former
               days
               hunting
               was
               beneficial
               to
               him
               ,
               by
               dissolving
               part
               of
               the
               inward
               glut
               which
               was
               within
               him
               ;
               and
               therefore
               the
               next
               time
               you
               hunt
               you
               must
               increase
               his
               labour
               but
               a
               little
               .
               But
               if
               you
               perceive
               no
               such
               Symptoms
               ,
               but
               that
               his
               Dung
               appears
               bright
               ,
               and
               rather
               soft
               than
               hard
               ,
               without
               grease
               ,
               and
               in
               a
               word
               that
               it
               holds
               the
               same
               
                 pale
                 yellow
              
               colour
               it
               did
               before
               you
               hunted
               him
               ,
               then
               t
               is
               a
               sign
               that
               days
               Hunting
               made
               no
               dissolution
               ,
               but
               that
               his
               Body
               remains
               in
               the
               same
               state
               still
               ,
               and
               therefore
               the
               next
               days
               Hunting
               you
               may
               almost
               double
               his
               Labour
               .
            
             
             
               When
               you
               have
               made
               these
               Remarks
               from
               his
               Dung
               ,
               you
               shall
               then
               proceed
               to
               order
               him
               as
               in
               his
               days
               of
               Rest
               ;
               that
               is
               to
               say
               ,
               you
               shall
               give
               him
               a
               handful
               or
               two
               of
               Oats
               before
               Water
               ;
               then
               
                 dress
                 ,
                 water
                 ,
                 air
                 ,
                 feed
                 ,
              
               &c.
               as
               in
               the
               
                 first
                 Fortnight
              
               .
            
             
               Now
               as
               to
               his
               Feeding
               you
               must
               remember
               the
               way
               I
               have
               already
               shew'd
               ,
               of
               changing
               his
               Food
               ;
               as
               giving
               him
               one
               while
               Bread
               ,
               another
               Oats
               ,
               a
               third
               time
               Oats
               and
               Beans
               ,
               which
               you
               find
               he
               likes
               best
               ;
               observing
               always
               ,
               that
               variety
               will
               sharpen
               his
               Appetite
               .
               But
               Bread
               being
               his
               chief
               Food
               ,
               as
               being
               more
               nourishing
               and
               strong
               than
               the
               others
               ,
               you
               must
               feed
               him
               often'st
               with
               it
               .
            
             
               And
               as
               in
               the
               
                 first
                 Fortnight
              
               I
               directed
               you
               to
               observe
               his
               Digestion
               ,
               whether
               it
               were
               quick
               or
               slow
               ,
               so
               likewise
               must
               you
               do
               now
               that
               he
               begins
               to
               
                 eat
                 Bread.
              
               If
               you
               find
               him
               quick
               ,
               and
               that
               he
               retains
               his
               Bread
               but
               a
               
                 little
                 while
              
               ,
               then
               (
               as
               I
               have
               already
               directed
               )
               you
               shall
               only
               
                 slightly
                 chip
              
               your
               Bread
               ;
               but
               if
               he
               be
               slow
               ,
               and
               retains
               it
               
                 long
                 ,
                 cut
                 away
              
               all
               the
               Crust
               ,
               and
               give
               it
               to
               some
               other
               Horse
               ,
               and
               feed
               your
               Hunter
               only
               with
               the
               Crum
               ;
               for
               that
               being
               light
               of
               Digestion
               soon
               converts
               to
               Chyle
               and
               Excrements
               ,
               but
               the
               Crust
               being
               slow
               of
               Digestion
               requires
               by
               reason
               of
               its
               hardness
               longer
               time
               before
               it
               be
               concocted
               .
            
             
               The
               
                 next
                 day
              
               after
               he
               has
               rested
               ,
               you
               shall
               hunt
               him
               again
               as
               you
               did
               the
               first
               day
               ,
               observing
               from
               the
               Remarks
               you
               have
               made
               ,
               to
               hunt
               him
               more
               or
               less
               ,
               according
               as
               you
               find
               the
               temper
               and
               constitution
               of
               your
               Horse
               ;
               and
               when
               you
               are
               
                 return'd
                 home
              
               ,
               observe
               to
               put
               in
               Practice
               the
               same
               Rules
               which
               you
               have
               just
               now
               read
               ;
               and
               thus
               hunt
               your
               Horse
               
                 three
                 times
              
               a
               week
               for
               a
               fortnight
               together
               ,
               observing
               to
               give
               him
               his
               
                 full
                 feeding
              
               ,
               and
               no
               other
               Scowrings
               but
               Mashes
               ,
               and
               Hempseed
               ,
               which
               is
               equal
               in
               its
               Vertue
               to
               the
               former
               ,
               
               and
               only
               carries
               off
               
                 superfluous
                 Humours
              
               in
               the
               Dung.
               
            
             
               And
               here
               before
               I
               conclude
               this
               Chapter
               ,
               I
               cannot
               but
               take
               notice
               of
               the
               Abuse
               of
               Scowrings
               ,
               and
               my
               
                 own
                 Ignorance
              
               ,
               being
               led
               away
               by
               the
               perswasions
               and
               my
               mistaken
               opinion
               of
               other
               mens
               Skill
               ,
               who
               because
               they
               could
               talk
               of
               giving
               a
               Scowring
               ,
               (
               tho
               Experience
               has
               since
               taught
               me
               ,
               that
               they
               never
               knew
               the
               Operation
               of
               them
               ,
               nay
               nor
               the
               Disposition
               of
               the
               Horses
               which
               they
               kept
               )
               I
               thought
               most
               eminent
               and
               skilful
               Horse-Doctors
               .
               But
               indeed
               I
               found
               to
               my
               Cost
               ,
               that
               my
               Ignorance
               led
               me
               into
               the
               same
               mistake
               with
               those
               men
               ,
               that
               take
               Physick
               by
               way
               of
               Prevention
               ,
               and
               by
               that
               means
               render
               their
               Bodies
               more
               lyable
               to
               Diseases
               ,
               their
               Pores
               being
               so
               much
               opened
               by
               Physick
               .
               In
               like
               manner
               I
               found
               that
               tho
               I
               bought
               Horses
               of
               sound
               and
               strong
               Constitutions
               ,
               yet
               by
               following
               the
               false
               Rules
               and
               Practices
               of
               Others
               I
               quickly
               brought
               them
               to
               weak
               habits
               of
               Body
               ;
               and
               by
               continually
               using
               them
               to
               unnecessary
               Physick
               ,
               to
               be
               tender
               ,
               and
               apt
               to
               take
               Cold
               and
               Surfeits
               on
               every
               small
               occasion
               :
               which
               taught
               me
               to
               know
               ,
               that
               as
               
                 Kitchen
                 Physick
              
               is
               best
               for
               a
               Man
               ,
               (
               unless
               he
               languish
               under
               some
               more
               than
               ordinary
               Distemper
               )
               so
               natural
               and
               true
               
                 sound
                 Feeding
              
               is
               best
               for
               a
               Horse
               ,
               it
               strengthning
               his
               Constitution
               ,
               and
               keeping
               his
               Body
               in
               good
               temper
               ;
               for
               a
               Horse
               that
               is
               full-fed
               with
               good
               natural
               Diet
               is
               not
               subject
               to
               costivencss
               ;
               and
               from
               hence
               I
               infer
               ,
               that
               a
               Horse
               which
               is
               sound
               ,
               and
               in
               health
               ,
               and
               of
               a
               strong
               Constitution
               ,
               needs
               little
               Physick
               more
               than
               good
               
                 wholsom
                 meat
              
               ,
               and
               his
               fill
               of
               it
               ,
               provided
               you
               order
               him
               as
               he
               ought
               to
               be
               when
               he
               is
               come
               from
               Hunting
               .
            
             
               But
               as
               Horses
               no
               more
               than
               Men
               are
               free
               from
               Distempers
               ;
               
               but
               by
               reason
               of
               abuses
               and
               unkind
               Masters
               are
               rather
               more
               liable
               to
               them
               ,
               (
               it
               being
               become
               a
               Proverb
               ,
               
                 As
                 many
                 Diseases
                 as
                 a
                 Horse
                 )
              
               ;
               so
               when
               at
               any
               time
               they
               happen
               recourse
               must
               be
               had
               to
               Physick
               :
               and
               as
               it
               is
               good
               in
               its
               true
               use
               ,
               so
               I
               shall
               in
               the
               subsequent
               part
               of
               my
               Discourse
               set
               down
               when
               ,
               and
               what
               manner
               of
               Scourings
               are
               useful
               ,
               and
               how
               they
               are
               to
               be
               applied
               with
               skill
               ,
               and
               safety
               ;
               of
               which
               in
               its
               proper
               place
               .
            
          
           
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 VI.
              
               Of
               the
               Horses
               Third
               Fortnights
               Keeping
               ,
               and
               first
               thorough-Sweating
               .
            
             
               BY
               this
               time
               your
               Horse
               will
               be
               drawn
               so
               clean
               ,
               his
               Flesh
               will
               be
               so
               inseam'd
               ,
               and
               his
               Wind
               so
               improved
               ,
               that
               he
               will
               be
               able
               to
               
                 ride
                 a
                 Chase
              
               of
               three
               or
               four
               Miles
               without
               much
               blowing
               ,
               or
               sweating
               ;
               and
               you
               will
               find
               by
               his
               Chaul
               and
               Flank
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               his
               Ribs
               ,
               that
               he
               is
               in
               an
               indifferent
               
                 good
                 state
              
               of
               body
               ,
               and
               therefore
               this
               
                 next
                 Fortnight
              
               you
               must
               increase
               his
               labour
               ,
               by
               which
               means
               you
               will
               come
               to
               a
               true
               knowledge
               of
               what
               he
               is
               able
               to
               do
               ,
               and
               whether
               or
               no
               he
               will
               ever
               be
               fit
               for
               Plates
               ,
               or
               a
               Match
               .
            
             
               When
               your
               Horse
               is
               set
               over
               night
               ,
               and
               fed
               early
               in
               the
               morning
               ,
               (
               as
               in
               the
               last
               Fortnights
               Preparation
               for
               Hunting
               was
               directed
               )
               then
               go
               into
               the
               Field
               with
               him
               ,
               and
               when
               your
               Horse
               is
               empty
               ,
               as
               he
               will
               be
               by
               that
               time
               you
               have
               started
               your
               Game
               ,
               you
               shall
               follow
               the
               Dogs
               at
               a
               good
               
                 round
                 rate
              
               ,
               as
               at
               half-speed
               ,
               
               and
               so
               continue
               till
               you
               have
               kill'd
               or
               lost
               your
               first
               Hare
               .
               This
               will
               so
               rack
               your
               Horses
               wind
               ,
               and
               by
               this
               time
               he
               will
               have
               so
               emptied
               himself
               ,
               that
               he
               will
               be
               fit
               to
               be
               rid
               the
               next
               
                 Chase
                 briskly
              
               ;
               which
               as
               soon
               as
               begun
               you
               shall
               follow
               the
               Dogs
               at
               
                 three
                 quarters
              
               speed
               ,
               as
               near
               to
               them
               as
               is
               consistent
               with
               the
               discretion
               of
               a
               good
               Horseman
               ,
               and
               a
               true
               Huntsman
               ;
               but
               be
               sure
               as
               yet
               not
               to
               strain
               him
               .
            
             
               During
               this
               daies
               Riding
               you
               shall
               observe
               your
               Horse's
               sweat
               ,
               under
               his
               Saddle
               ,
               and
               Forebowels
               ,
               if
               it
               appear
               White
               like
               Froth
               ,
               or
               Soap-sudds
               ,
               't
               is
               a
               sign
               of
               inward
               glut
               and
               foulness
               ,
               and
               that
               your
               daies
               sport
               was
               fully
               sufficient
               ,
               and
               therefore
               you
               shall
               have
               him
               home
               ,
               and
               order
               him
               as
               before
               you
               are
               directed
               .
               But
               if
               your
               Sport
               has
               been
               so
               indifferent
               ,
               as
               not
               to
               sweat
               your
               Horse
               thoroughly
               ,
               then
               you
               shall
               make
               a
               Train-sent
               of
               Four
               Miles
               long
               ,
               or
               thereabout
               ,
               and
               laying
               on
               your
               
                 Fleetest
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 ride
              
               it
               briskly
               ,
               and
               then
               having
               first
               cool'd
               him
               in
               the
               
                 Field
                 ,
                 ride
              
               him
               home
               and
               use
               him
               as
               aforesaid
               .
            
             
               Now
               that
               I
               may
               not
               leave
               you
               in
               ignorance
               what
               a
               Train-scent
               is
               ,
               I
               shall
               acquaint
               you
               that
               it
               has
               its
               Name
               ,
               as
               I
               suppose
               ,
               from
               the
               manner
               of
               it
               ,
               viz.
               the
               trailing
               or
               dragging
               of
               a
               
                 dead
                 Cat
              
               ,
               or
               Fox
               ,
               (
               and
               in
               case
               of
               Necessity
               a
               Red-Herring
               )
               three
               or
               four
               Miles
               ,
               (
               according
               to
               the
               Will
               of
               the
               Rider
               ,
               or
               the
               Directions
               given
               him
               )
               and
               then
               laying
               the
               Dogs
               on
               the
               scent
               .
            
             
               But
               this
               Caveat
               let
               me
               give
               all
               Huntsmen
               ,
               to
               to
               keep
               about
               two
               or
               three
               Couple
               of
               the
               fleetest
               Hounds
               you
               can
               possibly
               procure
               for
               this
               purpose
               only
               .
               For
               although
               I
               have
               seen
               skillful
               Sportsmen
               use
               their
               Harriers
               in
               this
               Case
               ,
               for
               their
               diversion
               ;
               
               yet
               I
               would
               perswade
               them
               not
               to
               use
               them
               to
               it
               often
               ;
               for
               it
               will
               teach
               them
               to
               
                 lie
                 off
              
               the
               Line
               ,
               and
               fling
               so
               wide
               ,
               that
               they
               will
               never
               be
               worth
               any
               thing
               .
            
             
               When
               you
               unbridle
               your
               Horse
               ,
               give
               him
               instead
               of
               Hempsecd
               and
               Oates
               ,
               a
               handsome
               quantity
               of
               
                 Rye
                 bread
              
               ,
               (
               to
               which
               end
               I
               would
               advise
               you
               to
               bake
               a
               Peck
               Loaf
               for
               this
               purpose
               )
               which
               being
               cold
               and
               moist
               will
               assist
               in
               cooling
               his
               body
               after
               his
               Labour
               ,
               and
               prevent
               Costiveness
               ,
               to
               which
               you
               will
               find
               him
               addicted
               ,
               then
               give
               him
               Hay
               ,
               and
               afterwards
               a
               Mash
               ,
               and
               then
               order
               him
               in
               all
               points
               as
               formerly
               .
            
             
               The
               next
               morning
               if
               you
               perceive
               by
               his
               Dung
               that
               his
               Body
               is
               distempred
               ,
               and
               he
               is
               hard
               and
               bound
               ,
               then
               take
               some
               Crumms
               of
               your
               Rye-bread
               and
               work
               it
               with
               as
               much
               sweet
               fresh
               Butter
               as
               will
               make
               it
               into
               Paste
               ,
               and
               then
               making
               it
               into
               Balls
               about
               the
               bigness
               of
               a
               large
               Wallnut
               ,
               give
               him
               5
               or
               6
               of
               them
               in
               the
               morning
               fasting
               ;
               and
               then
               setting
               on
               your
               Saddle
               upon
               his
               Cloth
               ,
               mount
               him
               ,
               and
               gallop
               him
               gently
               in
               some
               adjoyning
               grass-Plat
               ,
               or
               Close
               till
               he
               begin
               to
               sweat
               under
               his
               Eares
               ,
               then
               lead
               him
               into
               the
               Stable
               ,
               and
               let
               him
               be
               well
               rub'd
               ,
               and
               throwing
               a
               spare
               Cloth
               over
               him
               ,
               and
               good
               store
               of
               fresh
               Litter
               under
               him
               ,
               let
               him
               stand
               two
               hours
               on
               the
               Bridle
               ,
               then
               give
               him
               a
               quantity
               of
               Rye-bread
               ,
               then
               throw
               him
               some
               Hay
               to
               chew
               upon
               ,
               and
               after
               that
               get
               him
               another
               warm
               Mash
               ,
               and
               then
               feed
               him
               with
               Bread
               and
               Corn
               as
               much
               as
               he
               will
               ,
               and
               be
               sure
               to
               allow
               him
               what
               Hay
               he
               will
               eat
               .
               The
               next
               day
               water
               him
               abroad
               ,
               and
               order
               him
               as
               in
               his
               daies
               of
               rest
               .
            
             
               The
               day
               following
               Hunt
               him
               again
               ,
               but
               by
               no
               
               meanes
               so
               severely
               as
               you
               did
               the
               time
               before
               till
               the
               Afternoon
               ,
               but
               then
               ride
               him
               after
               the
               Dogs
               briskly
               ,
               and
               if
               that
               does
               not
               make
               him
               
                 sweat
                 throghly
              
               make
               another
               Train-scent
               ,
               and
               follow
               the
               Dogs
               three
               quarters
               speed
               ,
               that
               he
               may
               sweat
               heartily
               .
               When
               you
               have
               a
               little
               cooled
               him
               ,
               have
               him
               home
               ,
               and
               upon
               his
               first
               entrance
               into
               the
               Stable
               give
               him
               two
               or
               three
               Balls
               as
               big
               as
               Wallnuts
               ,
               of
               this
               most
               excellent
               
                 Scowring
                 ;
                 viz.
              
               
            
             
               Take
               Butter
               four
               Ounces
               ,
               
                 Lenitive
                 Electuary
              
               two
               Ounces
               ,
               
                 Gromell
                 Broom
              
               and
               
                 Parsly
                 seeds
              
               ,
               of
               each
               one
               Ounce
               ,
               
                 Aniseeds
                 ,
                 Liquorish
              
               and
               Cream
               of
               Tartar
               ,
               of
               each
               half
               an
               Ounce
               ,
               Jallap
               an
               Ounce
               make
               the
               Seeds
               into
               Powder
               ,
               and
               stir
               them
               into
               a
               Paste
               ,
               with
               the
               Electuary
               and
               the
               Butter
               ;
               knead
               it
               well
               ,
               and
               keep
               it
               close
               in
               a
               Pot
               for
               use
               .
            
             
               As
               soon
               as
               you
               have
               given
               your
               Horse
               these
               
                 Balls
                 rub
              
               him
               dry
               ,
               then
               dress
               him
               and
               cloath
               him
               up
               warm
               and
               let
               him
               stand
               two
               or
               three
               hours
               on
               the
               Snaffle
               ,
               then
               give
               him
               two
               or
               three
               handfulls
               of
               Rye-bread
               ,
               and
               order
               him
               as
               you
               did
               before
               as
               to
               
                 Hay
                 Provinder
                 ,
                 Mash
                 &c.
              
               and
               so
               leave
               him
               till
               the
               Morning
               .
            
             
               Then
               come
               to
               him
               and
               first
               observe
               his
               Dung
               whether
               it
               keep
               the
               true
               Colour
               ,
               or
               whether
               it
               appear
               dark
               ,
               or
               black
               ,
               or
               red
               and
               high
               coloured
               ;
               next
               whether
               it
               be
               loose
               and
               thin
               ,
               or
               hard
               and
               dry
               .
               If
               it
               be
               of
               the
               right
               colour
               I
               mean
               
                 Pale
                 yellow
              
               t
               is
               a
               sign
               of
               
                 health
                 ,
                 strength
              
               and
               cleanness
               ;
               if
               it
               be
               dark
               ,
               or
               black
               ,
               then
               t
               is
               a
               sign
               there
               is
               Grease
               and
               other
               ill
               humours
               stirred
               up
               which
               are
               not
               yet
               evacuated
               :
               if
               it
               be
               red
               and
               high
               coloured
               ,
               then
               t
               is
               a
               token
               that
               his
               Blood
               is
               Feaverish
               and
               distempered
               through
               inward
               heat
               :
               if
               it
               be
               loose
               and
               thin
               ,
               t
               is
               a
               sign
               of
               Weakness
               ,
               but
               if
               hard
               and
               dry
               ,
               it
               shews
               the
               horse
               to
               be
               
                 hot
                 inwardly
              
               ,
               or
               else
               that
               he
               is
               a
               
                 foul
                 feeder
              
               :
               But
               if
               his
               dung
               carry
               a
               
               medium
               betwixt
               hard
               and
               soft
               ,
               and
               smell
               strong
               ,
               t
               is
               a
               sign
               of
               Health
               and
               Vigour
               .
            
             
               When
               these
               Observations
               have
               been
               taken
               notice
               of
               concerning
               his
               Dung
               ,
               then
               you
               shall
               
                 feed
                 ,
                 dress
                 ,
                 water
                 ,
                 &c.
              
               as
               in
               his
               former
               days
               of
               Rest
               ;
               observing
               always
               to
               give
               variety
               ,
               and
               his
               belly
               full
               of
               Corn
               and
               Bread.
               The
               next
               have
               him
               abroad
               in
               the
               Field
               again
               ,
               but
               by
               no
               means
               put
               him
               to
               any
               labour
               ,
               further
               than
               to
               rake
               him
               from
               hill
               to
               hill
               after
               the
               Dogs
               ,
               to
               keep
               him
               within
               sound
               of
               their
               Cry
               ;
               for
               the
               design
               of
               this
               Day
               's
               Exercise
               is
               only
               to
               keep
               him
               in
               breath
               ,
               and
               get
               him
               an
               Appetite
               .
               Observe
               as
               you
               ride
               ,
               that
               you
               let
               him
               stand
               still
               to
               dung
               ;
               and
               
                 look
                 back
              
               on
               it
               that
               you
               may
               draw
               Inferences
               from
               the
               Faeces
               .
               When
               the
               Day
               is
               well
               nigh
               spent
               bring
               him
               home
               without
               the
               least
               sweat
               ,
               and
               order
               him
               as
               at
               other
               times
               ,
               only
               observe
               to
               give
               no
               Scourings
               ,
               nor
               Rye-bread
               .
               You
               may
               if
               you
               please
               water
               your
               Horse
               this
               day
               ,
               both
               at
               your
               going
               into
               the
               Field
               and
               at
               your
               coming
               Home
               ,
               observing
               to
               gallop
               after
               it
               ,
               to
               warm
               the
               water
               in
               his
               Belly
               .
               The
               next
               is
               a
               day
               of
               Rest.
               
            
             
               In
               the
               
                 same
                 manner
              
               in
               every
               respect
               as
               you
               have
               spent
               this
               Week
               you
               must
               spend
               the
               next
               likewise
               ,
               without
               alteration
               in
               any
               point
               ;
               and
               by
               that
               time
               assure
               your self
               that
               your
               Horse
               will
               be
               
                 drawn
                 clean
              
               enough
               for
               any
               ordinary
               Hunting
               ;
               so
               that
               afterward
               observing
               to
               hunt
               your
               Horse
               moderately
               twice
               or
               thrice
               a
               week
               ,
               according
               to
               your
               own
               pleasure
               ,
               and
               the
               constitution
               of
               your
               Horses
               body
               ,
               you
               need
               not
               question
               but
               to
               have
               him
               in
               as
               good
               state
               and
               strength
               as
               you
               would
               desire
               ,
               without
               danger
               of
               his
               
                 Wind
                 ,
                 Eye-sight
                 ,
                 Feet
              
               ,
               or
               Body
               .
            
             
               Now
               when
               you
               have
               thus
               according
               to
               art
               drawn
               your
               Horse
               clean
               ,
               you
               will
               perceive
               those
               signs
               which
               
               I
               told
               you
               of
               ,
               verified
               ;
               for
               his
               Flesh
               on
               his
               
                 short
                 Ribs
              
               and
               Buttocks
               will
               be
               as
               hard
               as
               a
               Board
               ,
               his
               Flank
               will
               be
               thin
               ,
               and
               nothing
               to
               be
               felt
               but
               a
               
                 double
                 skin
              
               ,
               and
               chaps
               so
               clean
               from
               
                 Fat
                 ,
                 Glut
              
               or
               Kernels
               ,
               that
               you
               may
               hide
               your
               Fists
               in
               them
               ;
               and
               above
               all
               his
               Exercise
               will
               give
               plain
               Demonstration
               of
               the
               Truth
               of
               this
               Art
               ,
               for
               he
               will
               run
               three
               or
               four
               Miles
               three
               quarters
               speed
               without
               sweating
               ,
               or
               scarce
               blowing
               ,
               I
               say
               when
               this
               is
               perfected
               ,
               you
               must
               avoid
               all
               scourings
               after
               hunting
               ,
               (
               because
               Nature
               has
               nothing
               to
               work
               on
               )
               but
               Rye-bread
               and
               a
               Mash
               ,
               except
               your
               Horse
               be
               now
               and
               then
               troubled
               with
               some
               little
               Poze
               in
               the
               Head
               ;
               and
               then
               you
               shall
               bruise
               a
               little
               
                 Mustard
                 seed
              
               in
               a
               fine
               linnen
               Rag
               ,
               and
               steep
               it
               in
               a
               quart
               of
               strong
               Ale
               for
               three
               or
               four
               hours
               ,
               and
               then
               untying
               the
               Rag
               mix
               the
               Mustard-seed
               and
               the
               Ale
               with
               a
               quarter
               of
               a
               Peck
               of
               Oats
               ,
               and
               give
               it
               your
               Horse
               .
            
             
               Lastly
               ,
               when
               your
               Horse
               is
               
                 drawn
                 clean
              
               ,
               you
               must
               beware
               that
               he
               grows
               not
               foul
               again
               thro
               want
               of
               either
               Airing
               ,
               or
               Hunting
               ,
               or
               any
               other
               Negligence
               ,
               lest
               by
               that
               means
               you
               procure
               to
               your self
               and
               your
               Horse
               double
               pains
               and
               labour
               ,
               and
               no
               thanks
               from
               your
               Master
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 VII
              
               .
               Of
               making
               a
               Hunting-Match
               ,
               its
               advantages
               and
               disadvantages
               .
            
             
               SInce
               many
               
                 Persons
                 of
                 Honour
              
               delight
               in
               good
               Horses
               ,
               both
               for
               Hunters
               as
               well
               as
               Gallopers
               ,
               it
               may
               not
               be
               improper
               to
               speak
               a
               word
               in
               this
               place
               concerning
               the
               Advantages
               or
               Disadvantages
               which
               happen
               in
               making
               of
               Hunting-Matches
               ;
               since
               he
               that
               proceeds
               cautiously
               and
               upon
               truegrounds
               in
               matching
               his
               Horse
               is
               already
               in
               a
               great
               measure
               sure
               of
               gaining
               the
               Prize
               ,
               at
               least
               if
               the
               Proverb
               be
               true
               ,
               that
               
                 a
                 Match
                 well
                 made
                 is
                 half
                 won
                 .
              
            
             
               The
               first
               thing
               to
               be
               consider'd
               by
               him
               that
               designs
               to
               match
               his
               Horse
               ,
               for
               his
               own
               advantage
               and
               his
               Horses
               credit
               ,
               is
               this
               ;
               That
               he
               do
               not
               flatter
               himself
               in
               the
               opinion
               of
               his
               Horse
               ,
               by
               fancying
               that
               he
               is
               swifter
               than
               the
               wind
               ,
               when
               he
               is
               but
               a
               
                 slow
                 Galloper
              
               ;
               and
               that
               he
               is
               whole-running
               ,
               (
               that
               is
               ,
               will
               run
               
                 four
                 miles
              
               without
               a
               sobb
               at
               the
               height
               of
               his
               speed
               )
               when
               he
               is
               not
               able
               to
               run
               a
               mile
               .
            
             
               And
               the
               ground
               of
               this
               Error
               I
               suppose
               arises
               from
               a
               Gentleman
               's
               being
               mistaken
               in
               the
               speed
               of
               his
               Hounds
               ,
               who
               for
               want
               of
               Tryal
               against
               other
               Dogs
               that
               have
               been
               really
               fleet
               ,
               has
               suppos'd
               his
               own
               to
               be
               swist
               ,
               when
               in
               reality
               they
               were
               but
               of
               
                 middle
                 speed
              
               ;
               and
               because
               his
               Horse
               (
               when
               trained
               )
               was
               able
               to
               follow
               them
               
                 all
                 day
              
               ,
               and
               at
               any
               hour
               to
               command
               them
               upon
               ,
               deep
               as
               well
               as
               light
               Earths
               ,
               has
               therefore
               
               falsly
               concluded
               him
               to
               be
               swift
               as
               the
               best
               ;
               but
               upon
               tryal
               against
               a
               Horse
               that
               has
               been
               rightly
               train'd
               after
               Hounds
               that
               were
               
                 truly
                 fleet
              
               ,
               has
               to
               his
               cost
               bought
               his
               Experience
               ,
               and
               been
               convinc'd
               of
               his
               Error
               .
            
             
               Therefore
               I
               would
               perswade
               all
               Lovers
               of
               Hunters
               to
               get
               two
               or
               three
               Couple
               of
               
                 try'd
                 Hounds
              
               ,
               and
               once
               or
               twice
               a
               week
               to
               follow
               after
               them
               a
               Train-scent
               ;
               and
               when
               he
               is
               able
               to
               top
               them
               on
               all
               sorts
               of
               Earth
               ,
               and
               to
               endure
               Heats
               and
               Colds
               stoutly
               ,
               then
               he
               may
               the
               better
               relie
               on
               his
               Speed
               and
               Toughness
               .
            
             
               That
               Horse
               which
               is
               able
               to
               ride
               a
               Hare-chase
               of
               five
               or
               six
               miles
               briskly
               ,
               and
               with
               good
               courage
               ,
               till
               his
               body
               be
               as
               it
               were
               bath'd
               in
               sweat
               ;
               and
               then
               upon
               the
               death
               of
               the
               Hare
               ,
               in
               a
               nipping
               frosty
               morning
               can
               endure
               to
               
                 stand
                 still
              
               ,
               till
               the
               sweat
               be
               frozen
               on
               his
               back
               ,
               so
               that
               the
               cold
               may
               pierce
               him
               as
               well
               as
               the
               heat
               ;
               and
               then
               even
               in
               that
               extremity
               of
               Cold
               to
               ride
               another
               Chase
               ,
               as
               briskly
               and
               with
               as
               much
               courage
               ,
               as
               he
               did
               in
               the
               former
               :
               That
               Horse
               which
               can
               thus
               endure
               heats
               and
               colds
               oftenest
               is
               of
               most
               value
               amongst
               Sports-men
               .
               And
               indeed
               t
               is
               not
               every
               Horse
               that
               is
               able
               to
               endure
               such
               extraordinary
               Toyl
               ;
               and
               I
               my self
               have
               seen
               very
               brave
               Horses
               to
               the
               Eye
               ,
               that
               have
               rid
               the
               
                 first
                 Chase
              
               to
               admiration
               ,
               that
               when
               the
               Cold
               had
               struck
               to
               them
               ,
               and
               they
               began
               to
               grow
               stiff
               ,
               have
               flagg'd
               the
               second
               ,
               and
               given
               
                 quite
                 out
              
               the
               third
               Heat
               .
            
             
               Therefore
               to
               make
               a
               judgment
               of
               the
               goodness
               of
               your
               own
               Horse
               ,
               observe
               him
               after
               the
               death
               of
               the
               first
               Hare
               ,
               if
               the
               Chase
               has
               been
               any
               thing
               brisk
               ;
               if
               when
               he
               is
               cold
               ,
               he
               shrinks
               up
               his
               Body
               ,
               and
               draws
               his
               Legs
               up
               together
               ,
               t
               is
               an
               infallible
               token
               of
               want
               of
               Courage
               ;
               and
               the
               same
               you
               may
               collect
               from
               the
               slackning
               of
               his
               Girths
               after
               the
               first
               Chase
               ,
               and
               from
               
               the
               setting
               of
               his
               Teeth
               ,
               and
               the
               dulness
               of
               his
               Countenance
               ;
               all
               which
               are
               true
               marks
               of
               Faintness
               ,
               and
               Tyring
               :
               and
               therefore
               there
               is
               no
               reliance
               on
               such
               a
               Horse
               ,
               in
               case
               of
               a
               Wager
               .
            
             
               But
               if
               on
               the
               contrary
               ,
               you
               are
               Master
               of
               a
               Horse
               (
               not
               only
               in
               your
               own
               judgment
               ,
               but
               in
               the
               opinion
               of
               knowing
               Horsemen
               )
               that
               is
               approv'd
               for
               Speed
               ,
               and
               Toughness
               ,
               and
               you
               are
               desirous
               to
               match
               him
               ,
               or
               otherwise
               to
               run
               for
               a
               
                 '
                 Plate
              
               ;
               I
               will
               to
               the
               best
               of
               my
               power
               tell
               you
               the
               advantages
               that
               are
               to
               be
               gain'd
               in
               Matching
               .
            
             
               But
               before
               I
               enter
               upon
               the
               subject
               propos'd
               ,
               I
               think
               it
               convenient
               to
               tell
               you
               the
               way
               our
               Ancestors
               had
               of
               making
               their
               Matches
               ,
               and
               our
               modern
               way
               of
               deciding
               Wagers
               .
               First
               then
               the
               
                 old
                 way
              
               of
               Tryal
               was
               by
               running
               so
               many
               Train-scents
               after
               Hounds
               ,
               as
               was
               agreed
               on
               between
               the
               parties
               concern'd
               and
               a
               Bell-Court
               ,
               this
               being
               found
               not
               so
               uncertain
               and
               more
               durable
               than
               Hare-hunting
               ,
               and
               the
               advantage
               consisted
               in
               having
               the
               Trains
               led
               on
               Earth
               most
               suitable
               to
               the
               nature
               of
               the
               Horses
               .
               Now
               others
               chose
               to
               hunt
               the
               Hare
               till
               such
               an
               hour
               prefix'd
               ,
               and
               then
               to
               run
               the
               Wild-goose-Chase
               ,
               which
               ,
               because
               it
               is
               not
               known
               to
               all
               Huntsmen
               ,
               I
               shall
               explain
               the
               use
               and
               manner
               of
               it
            
             
               The
               
                 Wildgoose
                 Chase
              
               received
               its
               Name
               from
               the
               manner
               of
               the
               flight
               which
               is
               made
               by
               Wildgeese
               ,
               which
               is
               generally
               
                 one
                 after
                 another
              
               :
               so
               the
               two
               Horses
               after
               the
               running
               of
               Twelvescore
               Yards
               ,
               had
               liberty
               ,
               which
               Horse
               soever
               could
               get
               the
               leading
               ,
               to
               ride
               what
               ground
               he
               pleas'd
               ;
               the
               hindmost
               Horse
               being
               bound
               to
               follow
               him
               ,
               within
               a
               certain
               distance
               agreed
               on
               by
               Articles
               ,
               or
               else
               to
               be
               whipt
               up
               by
               the
               Triers
               or
               Judges
               which
               rode
               by
               ,
               and
               which
               ever
               Horse
               could
               distance
               the
               other
               won
               the
               Match
               .
            
             
             
               But
               this
               Chase
               was
               found
               by
               Experience
               so
               inhumane
               ,
               aud
               so
               destructive
               to
               good
               Horses
               ,
               especially
               when
               two
               good
               Horses
               were
               match'd
               ;
               for
               neither
               being
               able
               to
               distance
               the
               other
               ,
               till
               ready
               both
               to
               sink
               under
               their
               Riders
               through
               Weakness
               ,
               oftentimes
               the
               Match
               was
               fain
               to
               be
               drawn
               ,
               and
               left
               undecided
               ,
               tho
               both
               the
               Horses
               were
               quite
               spoyl'd
               .
            
             
               This
               brought
               them
               to
               run
               Trainscents
               ,
               which
               afterwards
               was
               chang'd
               to
               
                 three
                 Heats
              
               ,
               and
               a
               straight
               Course
               ;
               and
               that
               the
               Lovers
               of
               Hunting-horses
               might
               be
               encourag'd
               to
               keep
               
                 good
                 Ones
                 ,
                 Plates
              
               have
               been
               erected
               in
               many
               places
               of
               this
               Land
               ,
               purposely
               for
               Hunters
               ,
               and
               some
               their
               Articles
               exclude
               all
               others
               ,
               (
               namely
               Gallopers
               )
               from
               Running
               .
            
             
               But
               whether
               you
               design
               to
               match
               your
               Horse
               against
               any
               One
               Horse
               in
               particular
               ,
               or
               to
               put
               him
               in
               for
               a
               Plate
               ,
               where
               he
               must
               run
               against
               
                 all
                 that
                 come
              
               in
               general
               ;
               yet
               t
               is
               necessary
               that
               you
               know
               the
               nature
               and
               disposition
               of
               your
               Horse
               ,
               before
               you
               venture
               any
               wager
               on
               his
               head
               ;
               that
               is
               to
               say
               ,
               whether
               he
               be
               hot
               and
               fiery
               ,
               or
               cool
               and
               temperate
               in
               Riding
               ;
               whether
               he
               be
               very
               swift
               ,
               but
               not
               
                 hard
                 at
                 bottom
              
               ,
               or
               slow
               ,
               but
               yet
               sure
               ,
               and
               one
               that
               will
               
                 stick
                 at
                 mark
              
               ;
               on
               what
               sort
               of
               Earths
               he
               most
               delights
               to
               gallop
               on
               ,
               whether
               to
               climb
               or
               
                 run
                 down
              
               hills
               ,
               or
               else
               to
               skelp
               on
               a
               Flat
               ;
               whether
               to
               run
               on
               deep
               ,
               or
               
                 light
                 Grounds
              
               ;
               whether
               on
               rack-ways
               ,
               or
               Carpet-ground
               ;
               whether
               amongst
               Mole-hills
               ,
               or
               on
               Meadow
               ground
               ;
               whether
               he
               be
               well-winded
               ,
               or
               thick
               winded
               ,
               so
               that
               tho
               he
               will
               answer
               a
               Spur
               ,
               and
               mend
               upon
               Lapping
               ,
               yet
               he
               must
               have
               ease
               by
               Sobs
               .
               All
               these
               things
               must
               be
               known
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               that
               you
               may
               draw
               those
               advantages
               from
               them
               which
               may
               be
               offer'd
               in
               matching
               ;
               as
               this
               for
               Example
               .
            
             
             
               If
               your
               Horse
               be
               hot
               and
               fiery
               ,
               t
               is
               odds
               but
               he
               is
               fleet
               withall
               (
               for
               generally
               those
               Horses
               are
               so
               )
               and
               and
               delights
               to
               run
               upon
               light
               and
               
                 hard
                 flats
              
               ;
               and
               must
               be
               held
               hard
               by
               the
               Rider
               that
               he
               may
               have
               time
               to
               recover
               Wind
               by
               Sobbs
               ;
               or
               else
               his
               Fury
               will
               choak
               him
               .
               But
               whereas
               it
               is
               the
               general
               opinion
               that
               nothing
               that
               is
               violent
               can
               be
               lasting
               ;
               and
               therefore
               that
               it
               is
               impossible
               that
               such
               hot
               mettled
               Horses
               can
               be
               tough
               and
               hard
               at
               bottom
               .
               this
               I
               conceive
               may
               be
               but
               a
               popular
               Errour
               ;
               for
               I
               have
               sometimes
               seen
               by
               Art
               those
               two
               Qualities
               reconciled
               ,
               at
               least
               so
               far
               ,
               as
               to
               make
               the
               most
               
                 Fiery
                 Horse
              
               managable
               ,
               and
               to
               endure
               both
               Whip
               and
               Spur
               ;
               and
               then
               tho
               he
               should
               not
               prove
               at
               bottom
               so
               
                 truly
                 tough
              
               as
               the
               
                 craving
                 Drudge
              
               ,
               yet
               by
               his
               Riders
               management
               his
               Speed
               shall
               answer
               it
               in
               all
               points
               and
               serve
               in
               its
               stead
               ;
               But
               to
               return
               to
               my
               Subject
               ..
            
             
               The
               best
               way
               to
               Match
               such
               a
               Horse
               is
               to
               agree
               to
               run
               Train-scents
               and
               the
               fewer
               the
               better
               for
               you
               ,
               before
               you
               come
               to
               the
               Course
               :
               Also
               in
               these
               Train-scents
               the
               shorter
               you
               make
               your
               distance
               the
               better
               :
               and
               above
               all
               things
               be
               sure
               agree
               to
               have
               the
               leading
               of
               the
               first
               Trayn
               ,
               and
               then
               making
               choice
               of
               such
               grounds
               as
               your
               Horse
               may
               best
               shew
               his
               Speed
               ,
               and
               the
               
                 Flectest
                 Doggs
              
               you
               can
               procure
               ,
               give
               your
               Hounds
               as
               much
               Law
               before
               you
               ,
               as
               your
               Tryers
               will
               allow
               ,
               and
               then
               making
               a
               loose
               try
               to
               win
               the
               Match
               with
               a
               Wind
               ;
               but
               if
               you
               faile
               in
               this
               attempt
               then
               Beare
               your
               Horse
               ,
               and
               save
               him
               for
               the
               Course
               at
               last
               .
            
             
               But
               if
               your
               Horse
               be
               slow
               ,
               yet
               
                 well
                 Winded
              
               ,
               and
               a
               
                 true
                 Spurr'd
                 Nagg
              
               ;
               then
               the
               more
               Trainscents
               you
               run
               before
               you
               come
               to
               run
               the
               
                 straight
                 Course
              
               the
               better
               .
               Observing
               here
               too
               ,
               to
               gain
               the
               leading
               of
               the
               first
               Train
               ,
               which
               in
               this
               case
               you
               must
               lead
               it
               upon
               such
               
                 deep
                 Earths
              
               that
               it
               may
               not
               end
               near
               any
               
                 light
                 Ground
              
               .
               For
               this
               is
               the
               Rule
               received
               among
               
               Horsemen
               that
               the
               next
               Train
               is
               to
               begin
               where
               the
               
                 last
                 ends
              
               ,
               and
               the
               last
               train
               is
               to
               be
               ended
               at
               the
               
                 starting
                 Post
              
               of
               the
               Course
               .
               Therefore
               observe
               to
               end
               your
               last
               on
               deep
               Earths
               as
               well
               as
               the
               first
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               next
               place
               have
               a
               care
               of
               making
               a
               Match
               of
               a
               suddain
               ,
               and
               in
               Drink
               ,
               for
               fear
               least
               you
               repent
               when
               you
               are
               Sober
               .
               Neither
               make
               a
               match
               against
               a
               Horse
               ,
               which
               you
               do
               not
               know
               ,
               without
               first
               consulting
               some
               skilfull
               or
               trusty
               Friend
               ,
               on
               whose
               Judgment
               and
               Honesty
               you
               can
               safely
               rely
               ,
               and
               who
               is
               able
               to
               give
               a
               good
               Account
               of
               your
               Adversaries
               Horse's
               Speed
               and
               his
               manner
               of
               Riding
               ;
               and
               if
               you
               find
               him
               any
               ways
               correspondent
               to
               your
               own
               in
               speed
               or
               goodness
               be
               not
               too
               Peremptory
               to
               venture
               ,
               but
               upon
               some
               reasonable
               probabilities
               of
               Winning
               :
               for
               t
               is
               neither
               Braggs
               nor
               Fancy
               that
               will
               make
               your
               Horse
               run
               one
               jot
               the
               better
               ,
               or
               your
               Adversarys
               the
               worse
               :
               and
               remember
               this
               ,
               that
               there
               is
               no
               Horse
               so
               good
               ,
               but
               there
               may
               be
               another
               as
               good
               ;
               and
               then
               if
               you
               proceed
               on
               good
               Grounds
               ,
               and
               true
               Judgment
               ,
               you
               may
               be
               the
               bolder
               to
               go
               on
               ,
               and
               stand
               to
               your
               Match
               ,
               notwithstanding
               the
               opinion
               of
               other
               men
               may
               be
               against
               you
               .
            
             
               One
               material
               Advise
               I
               had
               like
               to
               have
               forgot
               and
               that
               is
               this
               ;
               be
               sure
               at
               no
               time
               give
               advantage
               of
               Weight
               ,
               for
               you
               will
               find
               the
               inconvenience
               of
               it
               at
               the
               latter
               end
               of
               the
               Day
               :
               for
               tho
               a
               Horse
               seel
               it
               not
               when
               he
               is
               fresh
               ,
               yet
               it
               will
               sink
               him
               very
               much
               when
               he
               grows
               weak
               a
               Horse-length
               lost
               by
               odds
               of
               Weight
               in
               the
               first
               Train
               ,
               may
               prove
               a
               distance
               in
               the
               streight
               Course
               at
               last
               ;
               sor
               the
               Weight
               is
               the
               same
               every
               Heat
               tho
               his
               strength
               be
               not
               .
            
             
               But
               if
               on
               the
               other
               side
               you
               gain
               any
               advantage
               of
               Weight
               ,
               article
               that
               the
               Horseman
               shall
               ride
               so
               much
               weight
               as
               you
               are
               agreed
               on
               ,
               besides
               the
               Saddle
               ,
               for
               by
               this
               means
               the
               Rider
               (
               if
               he
               be
               not
               weight
               of
               
               him self
               )
               must
               carry
               the
               
                 dead
                 weight
              
               somewhere
               about
               him
               ,
               which
               will
               be
               troublesome
               to
               the
               Rider
               as
               well
               as
               the
               Horse
               ;
               and
               the
               more
               to
               the
               latter
               ,
               since
               t
               is
               more
               remote
               from
               his
               Back
               then
               if
               it
               were
               in
               the
               Saddle
               ,
               and
               by
               consequence
               will
               more
               disorder
               his
               stroke
               if
               the
               Rider
               incline
               to
               either
               side
               then
               if
               it
               were
               nearer
               the
               Center
               ;
               as
               you
               may
               see
               by
               a
               pair
               of
               Scales
               ,
               where
               if
               the
               Pin
               be
               not
               placed
               exactly
               in
               the
               midst
               of
               the
               Beam
               ,
               the
               longest
               part
               (
               as
               being
               most
               distant
               from
               the
               Center
               )
               will
               be
               the
               heaviest
               .
            
             
               Now
               as
               to
               the
               time
               that
               you
               take
               for
               dyeting
               ,
               that
               must
               be
               according
               to
               the
               Nature
               of
               your
               Horse
               ,
               and
               the
               present
               state
               of
               Body
               he
               is
               in
               ;
               for
               tho
               he
               may
               be
               clean
               enough
               for
               ordinary
               Hunting
               ,
               yet
               he
               may
               be
               far
               distant
               from
               that
               perfect
               State
               of
               Body
               ,
               that
               is
               required
               in
               a
               Match
               ,
               and
               to
               keep
               him
               in
               such
               strict
               Dyet
               all
               the
               Season
               ,
               (
               except
               on
               such
               extraordinary
               Occasions
               )
               would
               be
               an
               unnecessary
               Expence
               .
            
             
               As
               to
               your
               Horses
               Disposition
               for
               Running
               ,
               you
               must
               know
               it
               by
               use
               and
               Observation
               ,
               for
               in
               this
               Point
               Horses
               very
               much
               differ
               ,
               for
               some
               run
               best
               when
               they
               are
               high
               in
               case
               ,
               others
               when
               they
               are
               in
               
                 middle
                 Condition
              
               of
               Flesh
               ,
               and
               some
               again
               when
               they
               appear
               to
               the
               Eye
               Poor
               ,
               and
               Low
               in
               Flesh
               ;
               there
               fore
               according
               to
               your
               Horses
               Nature
               ,
               and
               the
               time
               required
               to
               bring
               him
               into
               his
               
                 best
                 State
              
               ,
               you
               must
               order
               your
               day
               for
               the
               tryal
               of
               your
               Match
               to
               be
               .
            
             
               But
               if
               you
               design
               to
               put
               him
               in
               for
               some
               
                 Hunting
                 Plate
              
               ;
               there
               neither
               the
               choice
               of
               your
               Ground
               ,
               the
               Weight
               ,
               nor
               the
               Horses
               you
               are
               to
               run
               against
               are
               at
               your
               disposal
               ,
               but
               you
               must
               take
               them
               as
               you
               find
               them
               ;
               only
               the
               time
               for
               bringing
               your
               Horse
               into
               a
               good
               Condition
               is
               at
               your
               own
               discretion
               ,
               since
               you
               may
               begin
               as
               soon
               or
               as
               late
               as
               you
               please
               to
               keep
               him
               in
               strict
               Dyet
               ,
               the
               time
               for
               all
               Plates
               being
               usually
               fixt
               ,
               and
               annually
               the
               same
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 IX
              
               .
               Of
               the
               Ordering
               the
               Hunter
               ,
               for
               a
               Match
               or
               a
               Plate
               .
            
             
               WHen
               you
               have
               either
               Matcht
               your
               Horse
               ,
               or
               entertained
               thoughts
               of
               putting
               him
               in
               for
               a
               Plate
               ,
               you
               must
               consider
               that
               you
               ought
               to
               reserve
               a
               Month
               at
               the
               least
               ,
               to
               draw
               his
               Body
               perfectly
               clean
               ,
               and
               to
               refine
               his
               Wind
               to
               that
               degree
               of
               perfection
               which
               Art
               is
               capable
               of
               attaining
               to
               .
            
             
               First
               then
               you
               must
               take
               an
               exact
               view
               of
               the
               State
               of
               his
               Body
               ;
               both
               outwardly
               and
               inwardly
               as
               whether
               he
               be
               low
               or
               high
               in
               Flesh
               ,
               or
               whether
               he
               be
               dull
               and
               Heavy
               when
               abroad
               ,
               and
               this
               occasioned
               through
               too
               much
               
                 hard
                 riding
              
               ,
               or
               through
               some
               Grease
               that
               by
               hunting
               has
               been
               dissolved
               ,
               but
               for
               want
               of
               a
               scowring
               has
               not
               been
               removed
               .
            
             
               If
               he
               appear
               sluggish
               and
               Melancholy
               from
               either
               of
               these
               causes
               ;
               than
               give
               him
               half
               an
               Ounce
               of
               Diapente
               in
               a
               pint
               of
               good
               old
               
                 Malligo
                 Sack
              
               ,
               which
               will
               both
               cleanse
               his
               Body
               ,
               and
               revive
               his
               Spirits
               :
               and
               then
               for
               the
               first
               week
               you
               shall
               feed
               him
               continually
               with
               
                 Bread
                 ,
                 Oats
              
               and
               
                 Split
                 Beans
              
               ,
               giving
               him
               sometimes
               the
               one
               and
               sometimes
               the
               other
               ,
               according
               as
               he
               likes
               ,
               always
               leaving
               some
               in
               his
               Locker
               to
               eat
               at
               his
               own
               leisure
               when
               you
               are
               absent
               ;
               and
               when
               you
               return
               at
               your
               Hours
               of
               Feeding
               to
               take
               away
               what
               is
               left
               ,
               and
               to
               give
               him
               fresh
               till
               you
               have
               made
               him
               wanton
               and
               playfull
               .
               To
               which
               end
               you
               shall
               observe
               that
               though
               you
               ride
               him
               every
               day
               morning
               
               and
               evening
               on
               Airing
               ,
               and
               every
               other
               day
               on
               Hunting
               ,
               yet
               you
               are
               not
               to
               sweat
               him
               ,
               or
               put
               him
               to
               any
               violent
               Labour
               ,
               the
               design
               this
               week
               being
               to
               keep
               him
               in
               Wind
               and
               Breath
               ,
               and
               to
               prevent
               pursiveness
               .
            
             
               But
               you
               are
               to
               observe
               that
               both
               your
               
                 Oats
                 ,
                 Beans
              
               and
               Bread
               are
               to
               be
               now
               ordered
               after
               another
               manner
               then
               you
               did
               before
               ,
               for
               first
               you
               must
               dry
               your
               Oats
               well
               in
               the
               Sun
               ,
               then
               put
               them
               into
               a
               clean
               ,
               Bag
               and
               beat
               them
               soundly
               with
               a
               Flail
               or
               Cudgel
               ,
               till
               you
               think
               they
               are
               hulled
               ;
               then
               take
               them
               out
               of
               the
               bagg
               and
               winnow
               them
               clean
               both
               from
               hulls
               and
               dust
               and
               so
               give
               them
               to
               your
               Horse
               as
               you
               have
               occasion
               .
               Your
               Beans
               in
               like
               manner
               must
               be
               separated
               from
               the
               hulls
               which
               are
               apt
               to
               breed
               Glut
               ,
               and
               must
               either
               be
               thrown
               away
               or
               given
               amongst
               chaf
               to
               some
               more
               ordinary
               Horse
               .
               And
               for
               your
               Bread
               whereas
               before
               you
               only
               chipt
               it
               ,
               now
               you
               must
               cut
               the
               
                 Crust
                 clean
              
               away
               ,
               and
               dispose
               of
               it
               as
               you
               please
               ;
               for
               t
               is
               hard
               of
               digestion
               ,
               and
               will
               be
               apt
               to
               heat
               and
               dry
               his
               Body
               .
               And
               now
               that
               you
               are
               to
               put
               him
               into
               
                 stricter
                 keeping
              
               ,
               you
               are
               to
               make
               a
               finer
               sort
               of
               Bread
               then
               before
               ,
               as
               thus
               ;
            
             
               Take
               two
               Pecks
               of
               Beans
               ,
               and
               two
               of
               Wheat
               ,
               and
               grind
               them
               together
               ,
               but
               not
               too
               fine
               ,
               to
               prevent
               too
               much
               Bran
               being
               in
               the
               Bread
               ;
               and
               dress
               one
               Peck
               of
               the
               Meal
               through
               a
               fine
               Range
               ,
               and
               knead
               it
               up
               with
               new
               Ale-Barm
               ,
               and
               the
               Whites
               of
               a
               dozen
               new
               layd
               Eggs
               ,
               and
               so
               bake
               it
               in
               a
               Loaf
               by
               it self
               ,
               and
               the
               rest
               dress
               through
               a
               Boulter
               ,
               and
               knead
               it
               only
               with
               Ale
               and
               Barm
               ;
               and
               use
               it
               in
               all
               other
               points
               as
               the
               former
               :
               Now
               the
               Peck-loaf
               is
               to
               be
               given
               your
               Horse
               when
               you
               set
               him
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               at
               ordinary
               times
               .
            
             
               This
               Bread
               assists
               .
               Nature
               much
               in
               increasing
               the
               
                 Strength
                 ,
                 Courage
              
               and
               Wind
               of
               your
               Horse
               ;
               provided
               
               you
               add
               thereto
               (
               as
               I
               have
               always
               told
               you
               )
               
                 true
                 Labour
              
               ,
               as
               any
               Bread
               whatsoever
               ;
               nay
               even
               as
               either
               of
               M.
               De-Greys
               sorts
               of
               Bread
               ,
               which
               he
               mentions
               in
               his
               
                 Compleat
                 Horseman
                 4º
                 p.
                 232.
                 ed.
                 4º
              
               especially
               his
               last
               ,
               which
               he
               says
               
                 is
                 better
                 Bread
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 greater
                 Cooler
              
               ;
               and
               which
               he
               prescribes
               to
               make
               thus
               ,
               
                 Take
                 
                   Wheat
                   Meal
                
                 one
                 Peck
                 ,
                 
                   Rye-meal
                   ,
                   Beans
                
                 and
                 Oat-meal
                 ,
                 all
                 ground
                 very
                 small
                 ,
                 of
                 each
                 half
                 a
                 Peck
                 ,
                 Aniseeds
                 ,
                 and
                 Licorish
                 ,
                 of
                 each
                 one
                 Ounce
                 ,
                 
                   White
                   Sugar-Candy
                
                 four
                 Ounces
                 all
                 in
                 fine
                 Powder
                 ,
                 the
                 yolks
                 and
                 whites
                 of
                 Twenty
                 Eggs
                 well
                 beaten
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 much
                 VVhite-wine
                 as
                 will
                 knead
                 it
                 into
                 a
                 Paste
                 ,
                 make
                 this
                 into
                 great
                 Loaves
                 ,
                 bake
                 them
                 well
                 ,
                 and
                 after
                 they
                 be
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 days
                 old
                 ,
                 let
                 him
                 eat
                 of
                 this
                 Bread
                 ,
                 but
                 chip
                 away
                 the
                 
                   Out
                   side
                
                 .
              
            
             
               Now
               the
               Reason
               why
               I
               have
               cited
               this
               is
               ,
               because
               I
               have
               heard
               several
               (
               who
               would
               be
               thought
               knowing
               Horsemen
               )
               applaud
               this
               very
               Bread
               beyond
               any
               other
               to
               be
               met
               with
               in
               any
               Book
               ,
               tho
               for
               my
               part
               I
               can
               find
               nothing
               excellent
               in
               the
               whole
               Composition
               .
            
             
               For
               first
               Oat-meal
               tho
               it
               be
               strong
               ,
               yet
               it
               is
               a
               dry
               grain
               ,
               hard
               of
               digestion
               ,
               and
               a
               great
               
                 dryer
                 up
                 of
                 the
                 Blood.
              
               The
               Wheat
               is
               of
               a
               drying
               quality
               likewise
               ,
               tho
               it
               be
               light
               ;
               for
               the
               Aniseed
               and
               Licorish
               ,
               they
               are
               not
               only
               Physical
               but
               hot
               also
               ;
               so
               that
               the
               Body
               becomes
               
                 over
                 heated
              
               ,
               and
               thereby
               costive
               .
               And
               yet
               these
               People
               will
               not
               be
               perswaded
               ,
               but
               these
               Drugs
               will
               make
               him
               long-winded
               ;
               possibly
               they
               might
               assist
               him
               in
               Neighing
               ,
               as
               some
               men
               say
               it
               doth
               Songsters
               in
               
                 Vocal
                 Musick
              
               ,
               wherein
               there
               is
               no
               Exercise
               of
               the
               Body
               used
               ;
               but
               where
               
                 bodily
                 strength
              
               is
               required
               ,
               I
               am
               apt
               to
               believe
               it
               more
               prejudicial
               than
               profitable
               .
            
             
               But
               here
               some
               will
               object
               that
               there
               is
               Rye
               and
               Beanes
               both
               which
               are
               moistning
               ;
               especially
               the
               Rye
               which
               is
               both
               cold
               and
               moyst
               ,
               and
               is
               the
               very
               reason
               DeGrey
               himself
               gives
               why
               he
               put
               Rye
               into
               his
               latter
               
               Bread
               ,
               because
               (
               says
               he
               )
               Rye
               is
               a
               Loosner
               and
               a
               Cooler
               ,
               and
               therefore
               it
               will
               make
               the
               Horse
               more
               soluble
               .
            
             
               I
               have
               already
               said
               ,
               that
               if
               his
               Body
               have
               Feeding
               proportionate
               to
               his
               Labour
               ,
               the
               Horse
               will
               continue
               in
               a
               right
               state
               of
               Health
               .
               Yet
               since
               he
               is
               hot
               by
               Nature
               ,
               and
               Labour
               might
               increase
               his
               natural
               Heat
               ,
               and
               render
               him
               costive
               ,
               therefore
               I
               have
               all
               along
               prescribd
               him
               Rye-bread
               alone
               as
               Physical
               .
               But
               here
               let
               the
               Horse
               be
               in
               what
               condition
               soever
               ,
               whether
               bound
               in
               his
               body
               or
               laxative
               ,
               yet
               Rye
               being
               a
               part
               of
               your
               Bread
               ,
               your
               Horse
               must
               continually
               feed
               thereon
               ,
               which
               has
               this
               undeniable
               disadvantage
               ,
               that
               if
               he
               be
               loose
               in
               his
               body
               ,
               this
               Bread
               (
               to
               use
               
                 de
                 Grey's
              
               own
               words
               )
               will
               make
               him
               more
               soluble
               .
            
             
               And
               now
               whilst
               I
               am
               discoursing
               of
               Horsebread
               ,
               I
               cannot
               but
               condemn
               another
               curiosity
               in
               some
               Feeders
               ,
               who
               think
               ,
               by
               dressing
               their
               Meal
               to
               the
               utmost
               degree
               of
               Fineness
               they
               do
               wonders
               ,
               and
               that
               such
               
                 pure
                 Food
              
               must
               of
               necessity
               bring
               him
               to
               the
               
                 greatest
                 perfection
              
               imaginable
               both
               of
               Body
               and
               Wind.
               
            
             
               But
               in
               this
               point
               I
               think
               they
               are
               deceiv'd
               ,
               for
               the
               Meal
               being
               dress'd
               so
               very
               fine
               ,
               nothing
               remains
               but
               the
               quintessence
               of
               it
               ;
               which
               tho
               it
               be
               lightned
               by
               Barm
               and
               
                 Whites
                 of
                 Eggs
              
               ,
               yet
               when
               it
               is
               above
               a
               day
               old
               t
               will
               begin
               to
               harden
               ,
               (
               as
               may
               be
               observ'd
               by
               Manchet
               )
               and
               especially
               if
               Oatmeal
               be
               in
               it
               ,
               by
               reason
               of
               its
               
                 drying
                 quality
              
               ,
               whereby
               it
               will
               not
               be
               so
               easie
               of
               digestion
               as
               it
               would
               be
               otherwise
               if
               it
               had
               no
               Bran
               in
               it
               ;
               and
               by
               consequence
               will
               be
               more
               apt
               to
               oppress
               his
               Stomach
               ,
               if
               he
               be
               heated
               ,
               before
               it
               be
               throughly
               digested
               ,
               and
               so
               breed
               raw
               crudities
               ,
               and
               an
               inflammation
               of
               the
               blood
               ,
               and
               by
               that
               means
               hazard
               a
               Surfeit
               ,
               than
               which
               nothing
               can
               be
               of
               worse
               consequence
               to
               a
               Horse
               that
               is
               match'd
               .
            
             
             
               And
               therefore
               t
               is
               that
               I
               advise
               ,
               that
               your
               Horse-bread
               should
               only
               be
               made
               of
               Wheat
               and
               Beans
               ,
               and
               that
               it
               should
               not
               be
               dress'd
               too
               fine
               ,
               nor
               too
               course
               ,
               but
               so
               ,
               as
               that
               there
               may
               be
               neither
               so
               much
               Bran
               left
               as
               to
               annoy
               the
               blood
               ,
               nor
               so
               little
               as
               to
               make
               your
               Bread
               too
               close
               and
               solid
               ;
               but
               you
               may
               leave
               some
               on
               purpose
               to
               scowr
               the
               Maw
               ,
               and
               further
               your
               Horses
               Digestion
               .
               And
               thus
               much
               by
               way
               of
               Digression
               .
            
             
               Having
               spoken
               to
               the
               first
               condition
               of
               Horses
               which
               we
               propos'd
               ,
               viz.
               melancholly
               ,
               and
               
                 low
                 in
                 flesh
              
               ,
               we
               are
               now
               to
               speak
               of
               those
               which
               are
               brisk
               and
               lively
               ;
               which
               if
               your
               Horse
               be
               so
               ,
               that
               when
               you
               lead
               him
               out
               of
               the
               Stable
               he
               will
               leap
               and
               play
               about
               you
               ,
               then
               you
               must
               not
               only
               avoid
               giving
               him
               the
               Scowring
               last
               mention'd
               of
               Sack
               and
               Diapente
               ,
               but
               any
               other
               whatsoever
               :
               for
               there
               being
               no
               foul
               Humours
               ,
               or
               any
               
                 superfluous
                 matter
              
               left
               in
               his
               body
               for
               the
               Physick
               to
               work
               on
               ,
               it
               will
               prey
               upon
               the
               strength
               of
               his
               body
               ,
               and
               by
               that
               means
               weaken
               it
               ,
               which
               it
               must
               be
               your
               utmost
               endeavour
               to
               preserve
               by
               full
               Feeding
               and
               
                 sound
                 Labour
              
               ,
               which
               will
               necessarily
               produce
               a
               perfect
               Wind
               ,
               which
               is
               the
               Support
               of
               Strength
               ,
               for
               when
               his
               Wind
               once
               fails
               ,
               his
               Strength
               avails
               nothing
               .
            
             
               As
               to
               the
               manner
               of
               it
               ,
               if
               your
               Horse
               be
               ingag'd
               in
               a
               Hunting-match
               ,
               you
               shall
               sweat
               him
               twice
               this
               week
               ,
               but
               not
               by
               hunting
               him
               after
               the
               Hare
               ,
               as
               formerly
               ,
               but
               by
               Train-scents
               ,
               since
               the
               former
               on
               this
               Occasion
               may
               prove
               deceitful
               ;
               for
               tho
               the
               Hounds
               be
               very
               swift
               ,
               yet
               the
               Scent
               being
               cold
               the
               Dogs
               will
               often
               be
               at
               fault
               ,
               and
               by
               that
               means
               the
               Horse
               will
               have
               many
               Sobs
               ,
               so
               that
               when
               he
               comes
               to
               run
               Train-scents
               in
               earnest
               your
               Horse
               will
               look
               for
               case
               ,
               his
               Wind
               being
               not
               so
               perfect
               as
               in
               Art
               it
               ought
               to
               be
               .
            
             
               Therefore
               lead
               your
               Train-scents
               with
               a
               
                 dead
                 Cat
              
               
               over
               such
               Grounds
               as
               you
               are
               likely
               to
               
                 run
                 on
              
               and
               
                 best
                 agrees
              
               with
               yous
               Horses
               Humour
               ,
               and
               be
               sure
               make
               choice
               of
               the
               Fleetest
               hounds
               you
               can
               get
               ,
               and
               then
               your
               Horse
               will
               be
               kept
               up
               to
               the
               hight
               of
               his
               speed
               .
            
             
               As
               to
               the
               Number
               of
               Train-scents
               that
               you
               are
               to
               ride
               at
               a
               time
               ,
               I
               hat
               you
               must
               order
               according
               to
               your
               Match
               ,
               or
               (
               which
               is
               better
               )
               according
               to
               your
               Horse's
               strength
               ,
               and
               ability
               for
               performing
               his
               Heats
               .
               For
               if
               you
               labour
               him
               beyond
               his
               strength
               ,
               t
               will
               take
               him
               off
               his
               speed
               ,
               weaken
               his
               Limbs
               ,
               and
               daunt
               his
               Spirit
               .
               If
               you
               give
               him
               
                 too
                 little
              
               Exercise
               ,
               it
               will
               give
               opportunity
               for
               pursiveness
               and
               ill
               humours
               ,
               as
               Glut
               ,
               &c.
               to
               increase
               in
               him
               ,
               and
               gain
               in
               him
               a
               habit
               of
               Laziness
               ,
               that
               when
               he
               comes
               to
               be
               put
               to
               labour
               above
               his
               
                 usual
                 rate
              
               ,
               he
               will
               grow
               restiff
               ,
               and
               settle
               like
               a
               Jade
               ,
               either
               of
               which
               will
               redound
               to
               your
               discredit
               ,
               and
               therefore
               it
               must
               be
               from
               your
               own
               knowledge
               in
               the
               state
               of
               his
               Body
               ,
               and
               not
               from
               any
               
                 general
                 Directions
              
               in
               writing
               ,
               that
               you
               must
               steer
               your
               Course
               .
            
             
               Only
               this
               Direction
               may
               be
               given
               you
               ,
               that
               if
               you
               are
               to
               run
               
                 Eight
                 Train-scents
              
               and
               the
               
                 straight
                 Course
              
               ,
               more
               or
               less
               ,
               you
               are
               to
               put
               him
               to
               such
               
                 severe
                 labour
              
               not
               above
               twice
               in
               your
               whole
               Months
               keeping
               ;
               and
               and
               if
               it
               be
               in
               the
               first
               Fortnight
               ,
               t
               will
               be
               the
               better
               ,
               for
               then
               he
               will
               have
               a
               
                 compleat
                 Fortnight
              
               to
               recover
               his
               strength
               again
               ;
               and
               for
               his
               labour
               in
               his
               last
               Fortnight
               ,
               let
               it
               be
               proportionate
               to
               his
               strength
               and
               wind
               ,
               as
               sometimes
               half
               his
               Task
               ,
               and
               then
               three
               parts
               of
               it
               .
               Only
               observe
               that
               the
               last
               Tryal
               you
               make
               in
               the
               
                 first
                 Fortnight
              
               be
               a
               Train-scent
               more
               than
               your
               Match
               ,
               for
               by
               that
               means
               you
               will
               find
               what
               he
               is
               able
               to
               do
               .
               And
               for
               the
               proportion
               of
               his
               Exercise
               ,
               twice
               a
               week
               (
               as
               I
               have
               already
               said
               )
               is
               sufficient
               to
               keep
               him
               in
               breath
               ,
               and
               yet
               will
               not
               diminish
               or
               injure
               his
               Vigour
               .
            
             
               But
               if
               your
               Hunting-match
               be
               to
               run
               sewer
               Train-scents
               ,
               
               then
               you
               may
               put
               him
               to
               his
               
                 whole
                 Task
              
               the
               oftner
               ,
               according
               as
               you
               find
               him
               in
               condition
               ;
               only
               observe
               that
               you
               are
               not
               to
               strain
               him
               for
               
                 Ten
                 daies
              
               at
               least
               before
               he
               ride
               his
               Match
               ,
               that
               he
               may
               be
               led
               into
               the
               Field
               in
               perfect
               strength
               and
               vigour
               .
            
             
               If
               you
               intend
               him
               for
               a
               Plate
               ,
               let
               him
               take
               his
               Heats
               according
               to
               this
               Direction
               ,
               only
               let
               it
               be
               on
               the
               Place
               ,
               that
               he
               may
               be
               acquainted
               with
               the
               Ground
               ;
               and
               as
               for
               the
               Hounds
               you
               may
               omit
               them
               ,
               as
               not
               being
               ty'd
               to
               their
               speed
               ,
               but
               that
               of
               your
               Adversaries
               Horse's
               .
               But
               as
               to
               your
               Number
               of
               Heats
               ,
               let
               them
               be
               according
               to
               what
               the
               Articles
               exact
               ;
               only
               observe
               that
               as
               to
               the
               sharpness
               of
               them
               ,
               they
               must
               be
               regulated
               according
               to
               the
               temper
               of
               his
               strength
               ,
               and
               the
               purity
               of
               his
               Wind.
               And
               when
               you
               heat
               him
               provide
               some
               Horses
               upon
               the
               Course
               to
               
                 run
                 at
                 him
              
               ,
               which
               will
               quicken
               his
               spirits
               ,
               and
               encourage
               him
               ,
               when
               he
               finds
               he
               can
               command
               them
               at
               his
               pleasure
               .
               And
               here
               too
               the
               same
               Rule
               must
               be
               observed
               ,
               not
               to
               give
               your
               Horse
               a
               
                 Bloody
                 heat
              
               for
               
                 Ten
                 daies
              
               or
               a
               Fortnight
               before
               the
               Plate
               be
               to
               be
               run
               for
               :
               And
               let
               his
               
                 last
                 heat
              
               which
               you
               give
               him
               before
               the
               day
               of
               Tryal
               be
               in
               all
               his
               Cloathes
               ,
               and
               just
               skelp
               it
               over
               ;
               which
               will
               make
               him
               run
               the
               next
               time
               much
               more
               vigorously
               ,
               when
               he
               shall
               be
               
                 stript
                 naked
              
               ,
               and
               feel
               the
               
                 cold
                 Air
              
               pierce
               him
               .
            
             
               But
               now
               that
               I
               am
               speaking
               of
               sweating
               ,
               it
               may
               be
               expected
               that
               I
               should
               lay
               down
               some
               Rules
               how
               to
               order
               a
               Horse
               that
               is
               in
               keeping
               for
               a
               Match
               in
               
                 Frosty
                 weather
              
               ,
               or
               in
               case
               he
               be
               an
               
                 old
                 strain'd
                 Horse
              
               ,
               so
               that
               you
               dare
               not
               heat
               him
               in
               
                 hard
                 weather
              
               ,
               for
               fear
               of
               Lameing
               him
               a
               fresh
               .
            
             
               In
               these
               cases
               some
               Horsemen
               have
               practic'd
               sweating
               their
               Horse
               in
               the
               House
               ,
               by
               laying
               on
               him
               multiplicity
               of
               Cloathes
               ,
               being
               first
               made
               hot
               at
               the
               Fire
               ;
               which
               is
               the
               most
               unnatural
               way
               of
               sweating
               a
               Horse
               
               that
               can
               be
               ,
               since
               't
               is
               provok'd
               by
               heat
               arising
               from
               the
               
                 outward
                 parts
              
               ,
               and
               is
               too
               violent
               ,
               the
               extreamity
               of
               the
               heat
               joyn'd
               to
               the
               weight
               of
               the
               Cloathes
               ,
               not
               only
               weakning
               ,
               but
               almost
               smothering
               him
               .
            
             
               The
               next
               way
               in
               use
               ,
               is
               to
               give
               him
               his
               Heat
               ahroad
               ,
               as
               I
               just
               now
               mention'd
               in
               his
               Cloathes
               ,
               but
               this
               too
               is
               not
               so
               natural
               and
               kindly
               ,
               as
               without
               his
               Cloathes
               ,
               since
               here
               too
               the
               heat
               is
               augmented
               from
               without
               ,
               and
               consequently
               abates
               his
               strength
               the
               more
               ,
               and
               yet
               doth
               not
               altogether
               so
               well
               improve
               his
               Wind.
               
            
             
               Therefore
               if
               either
               you
               have
               a
               Horse
               that
               has
               been
               strain'd
               ,
               or
               otherwise
               the
               weather
               be
               unseasonable
               ,
               find
               out
               some
               
                 dead
                 Jog
              
               ,
               or
               
                 sandy
                 way
              
               ,
               though
               of
               but
               half
               a
               Miles
               length
               ,
               and
               there
               breath
               your
               horse
               till
               he
               sweat
               as
               you
               would
               have
               him
               .
               I
               remember
               to
               have
               heard
               of
               a
               Gentleman
               having
               match'd
               his
               horse
               for
               a
               very
               
                 considerable
                 summ
              
               ;
               and
               the
               weather
               proving
               hard
               ,
               took
               this
               course
               to
               keep
               his
               horse
               in
               breath
               ;
               he
               caused
               Straw
               ,
               and
               
                 foul
                 Litter
              
               to
               be
               spread
               all
               along
               round
               an
               adjoyning
               Close
               ,
               and
               every
               morning
               his
               Servnats
               shook
               it
               up
               and
               turn'd
               it
               ,
               to
               keep
               it
               hollow
               and
               soft
               ,
               and
               then
               the
               Horse
               was
               had
               forth
               to
               gallop
               on
               it
               after
               his
               Water
               ,
               and
               by
               this
               meanes
               kept
               his
               Horse
               in
               tollerable
               Wind.
               
            
             
               Now
               during
               this
               Month
               both
               on
               his
               Resting-daies
               ,
               and
               after
               his
               sweats
               on
               Heating-daies
               ,
               you
               are
               to
               observe
               the
               same
               Rules
               which
               you
               were
               taught
               in
               the
               
                 first
                 week
              
               of
               your
               
                 Third
                 Fortnights
              
               Keeping
               ;
               only
               you
               are
               to
               omit
               all
               scourings
               ,
               but
               Rye-bread
               and
               Mashes
               ;
               since
               your
               Horse
               being
               in
               so
               
                 perfect
                 a
                 state
              
               of
               Body
               has
               no
               need
               of
               any
               .
               Only
               if
               you
               think
               there
               may
               be
               any
               occasion
               ,
               and
               that
               your
               Horse
               prove
               Thirsty
               ,
               about
               Eight
               or
               Nine
               a
               Clock
               at
               Night
               you
               may
               give
               him
               this
               Tulip
               to
               ,
               cool
               him
               and
               quench
               his
               Thirst.
               
            
             
               Take
               Barly-water
               Two
               Quarts
               :
               of
               Syrrup
               of
               Violets
               3
               Ounces
               ,
               of
               Syrrup
               of
               Lemmons
               2
               Ounces
               ,
               mix
               
               them
               together
               ,
               and
               give
               them
               to
               your
               Horse
               to
               drink
               ;
               if
               he
               refuse
               ,
               fasten
               it
               from
               falling
               as
               you
               did
               the
               Mash
               ,
               and
               so
               let
               it
               stand
               by
               him
               all
               Night
               .
            
             
               During
               the
               last
               Fortnight
               ,
               you
               must
               not
               only
               dry
               your
               Oats
               ,
               and
               hull
               them
               by
               beating
               ,
               but
               likewise
               take
               half
               a
               Strike
               of
               Oats
               and
               wash
               them
               in
               the
               Whites
               of
               a
               dozen
               or
               twenty
               Eggs
               ,
               and
               stirring
               them
               therein
               let
               them
               soke
               all
               Night
               ;
               then
               the
               next
               Morning
               take
               them
               and
               spread
               them
               abroad
               in
               the
               Sun
               ,
               till
               they
               be
               as
               dry
               as
               at
               first
               ,
               and
               so
               give
               them
               to
               your
               Horse
               ,
               and
               when
               they
               are
               spent
               prepare
               more
               in
               the
               same
               manner
               .
               This
               Food
               is
               light
               of
               Digestion
               ,
               and
               very
               sovereign
               for
               his
               Wind.
               
            
             
               ●is
               Beans
               must
               be
               order'd
               as
               before
               ,
               only
               give
               them
               not
               so
               frequently
               ,
               if
               he
               will
               eat
               his
               Oats
               without
               them
               ;
               and
               for
               his
               Bread
               this
               Fortnight
               let
               it
               be
               three
               parts
               Wheat
               to
               one
               of
               Beans
               ,
               and
               let
               it
               be
               ordered
               as
               before
               directed
               .
               And
               likewise
               if
               you
               find
               him
               inclin'd
               to
               costiveness
               forget
               not
               to
               relieve
               Nature
               by
               giving
               him
               Oats
               wash'd
               in
               two
               or
               three
               Whites
               of
               Eggs
               and
               Ale
               beat
               together
               ;
               for
               that
               ,
               as
               I
               have
               told
               you
               already
               ,
               will
               cool
               his
               Body
               ,
               and
               keep
               it
               moist
               .
            
             
               During
               the
               last
               Week
               omit
               giving
               him
               a
               Mash
               ,
               only
               give
               the
               Barly-water
               as
               before
               ;
               but
               as
               to
               Hay
               let
               him
               have
               as
               much
               as
               he
               will
               eat
               (
               which
               will
               not
               be
               much
               ,
               if
               he
               have
               his
               fill
               of
               better
               food
               )
               till
               a
               day
               before
               he
               is
               to
               ride
               his
               Match
               ,
               but
               then
               you
               must
               hold
               your
               hand
               ,
               that
               he
               may
               have
               time
               to
               digest
               that
               which
               he
               has
               eaten
               ,
               and
               then
               and
               not
               before
               you
               may
               muzzle
               him
               with
               your
               Cavezone
               ;
               and
               be
               sure
               that
               day
               ,
               and
               so
               till
               the
               morning
               he
               is
               led
               out
               ,
               to
               feed
               him
               as
               much
               as
               possible
               ,
               for
               such
               a
               days
               Labour
               will
               require
               something
               to
               maintain
               strength
               .
               Therefore
               in
               the
               Morning
               ,
               an
               hour
               before
               you
               are
               to
               
                 lead
                 out
              
               ,
               give
               him
               a
               Tost
               or
               two
               of
               White-bread
               steept
               in
               Sack.
               which
               will
               revive
               his
               Spirits
               ,
               and
               so
               lead
               him
               into
               the
               Field
               .
            
             
             
               But
               if
               you
               are
               to
               run
               for
               a
               Plate
               ,
               which
               usually
               is
               not
               till
               three
               a
               clock
               in
               the
               After-noon
               ,
               then
               by
               all
               means
               have
               him
               out
               early
               in
               the
               morning
               to
               air
               ,
               that
               he
               may
               empty
               his
               Body
               ,
               and
               when
               he
               is
               come
               in
               from
               Airing
               feed
               him
               with
               Tosts
               in
               Sack
               ;
               for
               you
               must
               consider
               ,
               that
               as
               too
               much
               fulness
               will
               endanger
               his
               wind
               ,
               so
               too
               long
               fasting
               will
               cause
               faintness
               .
               When
               he
               has
               eaten
               what
               you
               think
               fit
               to
               give
               him
               ,
               put
               on
               his
               Cavezone
               ,
               and
               then
               having
               chaf'd
               his
               Legs
               soundly
               with
               Piece-grease
               and
               Brandy
               warm'd
               together
               ,
               or
               Train-oyl
               ,
               (
               which
               ought
               likewise
               to
               be
               us'd
               daily
               at
               Noon
               for
               a
               Week
               ,
               before
               the
               Match
               ,
               or
               longer
               if
               you
               see
               cause
               ,
               )
               shake
               up
               his
               Litter
               ,
               and
               shutting
               up
               your
               Stable
               close
               ,
               and
               preventing
               any
               Noise
               to
               be
               made
               near
               him
               ,
               leave
               him
               to
               his
               Rest
               till
               the
               hour
               come
               that
               he
               is
               to
               go
               into
               the
               Field
               .
            
             
               As
               to
               platting
               his
               Main
               and
               
                 Tail
                 ,
                 shooing
              
               him
               with
               
                 Plates
                 ,
                 pitehing
              
               his
               Saddle
               and
               Girths
               ,
               and
               the
               like
               preparations
               ,
               they
               are
               things
               which
               every
               Groom
               can
               instruct
               you
               in
               ,
               and
               therefore
               I
               shall
               not
               trouble
               you
               with
               Rules
               concerning
               them
               ,
               but
               in
               lieu
               thereof
               shall
               add
               some
               farther
               Directions
               how
               to
               judge
               of
               the
               State
               of
               your
               Horses
               Body
               ,
               and
               if
               you
               find
               any
               thing
               amiss
               therein
               how
               to
               redress
               it
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               
                 CHAP
                 IX
              
               .
               Of
               the
               Means
               to
               judge
               of
               your
               Horses
               State
               of
               Body
               ,
               and
               of
               curing
               all
               Casualties
               that
               may
               happen
               after
               Matching
               .
            
             
               THere
               are
               several
               Observations
               to
               be
               made
               by
               you
               during
               your
               Dieting
               your
               Horse
               ,
               which
               if
               you
               miscarry
               in
               ,
               may
               be
               the
               loss
               of
               your
               Match
               ,
               or
               your
               share
               in
               the
               Plate
               .
               Therefore
               ,
               that
               you
               may
               know
               how
               to
               proceed
               regularly
               in
               this
               Art
               ,
               I
               shall
               endeavour
               to
               summe
               them
               up
               .
            
             
               First
               then
               you
               are
               to
               observe
               his
               Chaule
               ,
               his
               Ribs
               ,
               and
               his
               Flank
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               Rules
               formerly
               laid
               down
               ;
               for
               if
               he
               be
               
                 clean
                 within
              
               ,
               he
               will
               also
               be
               
                 clean
                 there
              
               ;
               but
               yet
               he
               may
               feel
               clean
               there
               ,
               when
               he
               is
               not
               clean
               within
               ;
               and
               therefore
               those
               Grooms
               are
               very
               conceited
               ,
               who
               upon
               their
               
                 first
                 view
              
               of
               a
               Horse
               and
               handling
               of
               his
               Flank
               ,
               pronounce
               him
               to
               be
               in
               a
               
                 true
                 state
              
               of
               Body
               ;
               for
               gentle
               Airing
               ,
               warm
               Cloathing
               ,
               scanty
               Feeding
               ,
               may
               disperse
               the
               gross
               Fat
               and
               Glut
               ,
               and
               drive
               it
               from
               the
               outward
               parts
               ,
               so
               that
               he
               may
               appear
               clean
               ,
               when
               in
               reality
               he
               is
               not
               so
               :
               and
               therefore
               you
               are
               only
               a
               
                 competent
                 Judg
              
               ,
               who
               know
               how
               he
               was
               cleansed
               .
            
             
               Therefore
               you
               are
               to
               observe
               ,
               first
               ,
               whether
               in
               
                 all
                 points
              
               you
               have
               proceeded
               according
               to
               Art
               in
               his
               Training
               ;
               as
               whether
               he
               performs
               his
               Heats
               with
               vigor
               and
               true
               courage
               ,
               whether
               he
               have
               been
               all
               along
               home-fed
               ,
               whether
               you
               have
               not
               suffer'd
               pursiveness
               to
               increase
               by
               
                 too
                 little
              
               labour
               ,
               or
               abated
               his
               Flesh
               and
               
               strength
               by
               
                 too
                 much
              
               .
               These
               things
               are
               the
               very
               grounds
               of
               Keeping
               ,
               and
               therefore
               ought
               to
               be
               scan'd
               and
               consider'd
               with
               judgment
               .
            
             
               Next
               you
               are
               to
               observe
               his
               manner
               of
               Feeding
               ,
               as
               whether
               he
               holds
               his
               Appetite
               or
               no
               ;
               and
               observe
               what
               sort
               of
               Food
               he
               likes
               best
               ,
               and
               of
               that
               give
               him
               oftenest
               ;
               and
               in
               case
               his
               stomach
               abate
               ,
               keep
               him
               out
               longer
               Morning
               and
               Night
               ,
               at
               his
               airings
               .
            
             
               In
               like
               manner
               you
               must
               observe
               his
               Dung
               ,
               which
               tho
               it
               be
               as
               fallacious
               oftentimes
               as
               a
               
                 Sick-man's
                 Water
              
               ,
               it
               being
               liable
               to
               alteration
               on
               the
               change
               of
               Dyet
               ,
               or
               being
               influene'd
               by
               the
               air
               ,
               yet
               being
               clean
               and
               in
               health
               it
               will
               usually
               be
               a
               
                 pale
                 yellow
              
               colour
               ,
               and
               be
               voided
               in
               
                 round
                 Pellets
              
               ;
               but
               if
               it
               be
               loose
               ,
               and
               soft
               ,
               it
               is
               an
               infallible
               sign
               of
               weakness
               ,
               and
               therefore
               must
               by
               
                 good
                 Feeding
              
               be
               remedied
               as
               soon
               as
               possible
               .
               But
               if
               it
               be
               hard
               and
               dry
               ,
               so
               that
               he
               cannot
               dung
               but
               with
               difficulty
               and
               straining
               ,
               then
               you
               must
               endeavour
               to
               relieve
               Nature
               ,
               but
               not
               with
               scowrings
               ,
               which
               would
               weaken
               too
               much
               ,
               but
               rather
               chuse
               to
               give
               him
               this
               Glister
               ,
               which
               will
               both
               cool
               and
               refresh
               him
               .
            
             
               Take
               a
               Quart
               of
               Whey
               ,
               of
               Syrrup
               of
               Violets
               ,
               and
               Pulpe
               of
               Cassia
               ,
               of
               each
               Four
               Ounces
               and
               of
               Manna
               half
               an
               Ounce
               ;
               this
               will
               Purge
               him
               gently
               ,
               and
               is
               most
               excellent
               to
               cool
               his
               Bowels
               .
            
             
               The
               next
               thing
               to
               be
               considered
               is
               Lamness
               ,
               which
               if
               it
               proceed
               from
               
                 old
                 strains
              
               you
               must
               make
               use
               of
               this
               Oyntment
               ,
               which
               I
               have
               several
               times
               experimented
               with
               good
               success
               .
            
             
               Take
               fresh
               Butter
               ,
               Oyle
               of
               
                 Bayes
                 ,
                 Dialthea
              
               ,
               and
               Turpentine
               of
               each
               Two
               Ounces
               ,
               mix
               and
               boyle
               them
               together
               on
               a
               
                 soft
                 fire
              
               ,
               and
               when
               they
               are
               well
               incorporated
               ,
               as
               hot
               as
               the
               Horse
               can
               suffer
               it
               ,
               annoint
               
               the
               Horse
               twice
               a
               day
               ,
               and
               give
               him
               exercise
               ,
               by
               Airing
               him
               abroad
               Morning
               and
               Evening
               a
               
                 foot
                 pace
              
               ,
               and
               you
               will
               find
               it
               a
               certain
               Remedy
               for
               any
               Strain
               in
               the
               
                 Shoulder
                 ,
                 Clap
              
               on
               the
               
                 back
                 sinews
              
               ,
               or
               any
               grief
               what
               soever
               ,
               that
               proceeds
               from
               Strains
               .
            
             
               But
               if
               you
               only
               fear
               Lameness
               from
               
                 Old
                 Strains
              
               ,
               then
               you
               must
               be
               careful
               that
               your
               Exercise
               be
               moderate
               ,
               and
               alwaies
               when
               you
               come
               in
               from
               Water
               and
               his
               Legs
               are
               rub'd
               dry
               ,
               annoint
               them
               with
               such
               supple
               Oyntments
               ,
               as
               are
               accounted
               good
               for
               the
               Limbs
               ,
               as
               
                 Linseed
                 ,
                 Train
                 ,
                 Sheepsfoot
                 ,
                 Neatsfoot
                 ,
                 Nerve-Oyle
              
               and
               the
               like
               ;
               all
               which
               may
               be
               used
               on
               his
               daies
               of
               Rest
               ,
               but
               on
               his
               heating
               daies
               Urine
               and
               Salt-Peter
               .
               Some
               Horsemen
               make
               use
               of
               Brandie
               and
               Sallet
               Oyl
               mix'd
               ,
               and
               bathe
               his
               Legs
               ,
               and
               afterwards
               
                 heat
                 it
                 in
              
               with
               a
               hot
               Iron
               ,
               and
               commend
               it
               as
               the
               best
               thing
               for
               the
               Limbs
               of
               an
               
                 Old
                 stiff
              
               Horse
               .
            
             
               But
               if
               your
               Horse
               through
               Negligence
               ,
               or
               any
               casualtie
               happen
               to
               have
               the
               Grease
               fall
               into
               his
               Heels
               ,
               you
               must
               endeavour
               ro
               remove
               it
               by
               a
               good
               
                 sound
                 heat
              
               ,
               and
               a
               scowring
               after
               it
               ,
               and
               apply
               to
               his
               Legs
               this
               Poultiss
               .
            
             
               Take
               of
               Honey
               a
               Pound
               ,
               of
               
                 Turpentine
                 ,
                 common
                 Gum
                 ,
                 Meal
                 of
                 Linseed
                 ,
              
               and
               the
               Meal
               of
               Fenugreek
               ,
               of
               each
               4
               Ounces
               ,
               and
               the
               Powder
               of
               Bay-berries
               well
               search'd
               3
               Ounces
               ,
               mix
               and
               boyle
               all
               these
               well
               together
               ;
               then
               take
               it
               off
               ,
               and
               put
               to
               it
               a
               Pint
               of
               White-wine
               ,
               then
               boyle
               it
               again
               ,
               till
               it
               be
               very
               thick
               :
               and
               with
               this
               ,
               as
               hot
               as
               the
               Horse
               can
               suffer
               it
               ,
               lap
               his
               legs
               about
               
                 Plai
                 ster-wise
              
               ,
               and
               renew
               it
               only
               once
               in
               
                 three
                 daies
              
               ,
               and
               it
               will
               certainly
               bring
               his
               Legs
               within
               compass
               .
            
             
               If
               your
               Horses
               Feet
               be
               bad
               ,
               either
               surbated
               ,
               or
               foundred
               ,
               then
               instead
               of
               Cow-dung
               ,
               you
               may
               stop
               them
               with
               blew-clay
               and
               Vinegor
               temperd
               together
               ,
               
               and
               on
               his
               Heating-daies
               at
               Night
               stop
               them
               with
               grey-sope
               ,
               and
               keep
               it
               in
               with
               a
               peice
               of
               an
               old
               Shoo-sole
               .
            
             
               If
               your
               Horse
               be
               troubled
               with
               any
               Dose
               in
               his
               head
               give
               him
               Mustard-seed
               amongst
               his
               Provender
               ,
               but
               if
               it
               be
               a
               worse
               Cold
               ,
               which
               you
               will
               perceive
               by
               his
               Ratling
               ,
               then
               give
               him
               this
               Lambitive
               ,
               or
               Electuary
               .
            
             
               Take
               of
               Honey
               and
               Treacle
               ,
               each
               half
               a
               Pound
               ,
               having
               mixt
               these
               together
               ,
               add
               to
               them
               Powder
               of
               
                 Comminseed
                 ,
                 Liquorish
                 ,
                 Bay-berries
                 ,
                 Anniseeds
                 ,
              
               each
               an
               Ounce
               ,
               mix
               all
               these
               together
               ,
               and
               put
               them
               to
               the
               Honey
               and
               Treakle
               ,
               which
               will
               make
               it
               of
               a
               thick
               consistance
               .
               If
               your
               horse
               hath
               a
               Cold
               ,
               instead
               of
               his
               Oates
               before
               Water
               ,
               give
               him
               the
               quantity
               of
               a
               Walnut
               of
               this
               Lambitive
               on
               the
               top
               of
               a
               stick
               or
               in
               a
               Spoon
               ,
               and
               let
               him
               lick
               it
               off
               ;
               and
               the
               same
               do
               after
               Airing
               ,
               when
               first
               you
               come
               in
               ,
               and
               you
               will
               find
               the
               advantage
               of
               it
               .
            
             
               These
               at
               present
               are
               all
               the
               Inconveniencies
               that
               I
               can
               call
               to
               mind
               ,
               which
               are
               lyable
               to
               Hunters
               ,
               or
               Gallopers
               in
               their
               Keeping
               ;
               and
               tho
               through
               inadvertency
               ,
               or
               want
               of
               memory
               I
               should
               have
               omitted
               any
               ,
               yet
               from
               these
               Grounds
               ,
               you
               may
               form
               your
               Remedies
               for
               any
               common
               Accident
               or
               Distemper
               ;
               and
               now
               that
               we
               draw
               near
               to
               the
               Match-day
               ,
               and
               the
               End
               of
               our
               Discourse
               ,
               we
               will
               only
               discuss
               some
               few
               Rules
               relating
               to
               the
               Tryal
               of
               the
               
                 Hunting
                 Match
              
               .
               I
               mean
               Rules
               to
               be
               observed
               in
               Riding
               ,
               and
               so
               conclude
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 X.
              
               Of
               riding
               a
               Hunting-Match
               ,
               or
               Heats
               for
               a
               Plate
               ,
               and
               the
               Advantages
               belonging
               to
               each
               .
            
             
               I
               Have
               endeavoured
               to
               shew
               the
               Necessity
               and
               the
               Manner
               of
               Training
               and
               Dieting
               Horses
               ,
               but
               this
               alone
               is
               not
               sufficient
               to
               the
               winning
               of
               either
               Match
               or
               Plate
               without
               a
               knowing
               and
               an
               
                 honest
                 Rider
              
               ,
               and
               a
               
                 skilful
                 Judge
              
               or
               Tryer
               be
               joyn'd
               thereto
               ;
               but
               since
               no
               man
               is
               fitter
               to
               ride
               the
               Horse
               than
               he
               that
               has
               the
               training
               of
               him
               ,
               I
               shall
               lay
               down
               some
               
                 general
                 Rules
              
               how
               to
               ride
               to
               the
               best
               Advantage
               either
               a
               Hunting-Match
               ,
               or
               three
               Heats
               and
               a
               Course
               for
               a
               Plate
               .
            
             
               The
               first
               Requisite
               in
               a
               Rider
               ,
               next
               to
               faithfulness
               in
               his
               Trust
               ,
               is
               to
               have
               a
               good
               
                 close
                 Seat
              
               ,
               his
               Knees
               being
               held
               firm
               to
               his
               Saddle-skirts
               ,
               his
               Toes
               turn'd
               inward
               and
               his
               Spurs
               outward
               from
               the
               Horses
               sides
               ,
               his
               left
               hand
               governing
               his
               Horses
               Mouth
               ,
               and
               his
               right
               commanding
               his
               Whip
               ;
               observing
               during
               all
               the
               Tryal
               throughout
               to
               sit
               firm
               in
               his
               Saddle
               ,
               without
               waving
               ,
               or
               
                 standing
                 up
              
               in
               his
               Stirrops
               ,
               which
               very
               much
               incommodes
               the
               Horse
               ,
               notwithstanding
               the
               conceited
               Opinion
               of
               some
               Jockeys
               that
               it
               is
               a
               becoming
               Seat.
               
            
             
               When
               you
               spur
               your
               Horse
               ,
               strike
               him
               not
               hard
               with
               the
               Calves
               of
               your
               Legs
               ,
               as
               if
               you
               would
               
               beat
               the
               wind
               out
               of
               his
               body
               ,
               bust
               iust
               turn
               your
               Toes
               outwards
               ,
               and
               bring
               the
               Spurs
               quick
               to
               his
               sides
               ;
               and
               such
               a
               
                 sharp
                 stroke
              
               will
               be
               more
               serviceable
               to
               the
               quickning
               of
               your
               Horse
               ,
               and
               sooner
               
                 draw
                 blood
              
               .
               Be
               sure
               not
               to
               spur
               your
               Horse
               but
               when
               there
               is
               occasion
               ,
               and
               avoid
               spurring
               him
               under
               the
               
                 fore
                 bowels
              
               ,
               between
               his
               Shoulders
               ,
               and
               his
               Girths
               near
               the
               Heart
               (
               which
               is
               the
               tend'rest
               place
               )
               till
               the
               last
               Extremity
               .
            
             
               When
               you
               whip
               your
               Horse
               let
               it
               be
               over
               the
               shoulder
               on
               the
               near
               side
               ,
               except
               upon
               
                 hard
                 running
              
               ,
               and
               when
               you
               are
               
                 at
                 all
              
               ;
               then
               be
               sure
               with
               a
               
                 strong
                 jerk
              
               to
               strike
               your
               Horse
               in
               the
               Flank
               ,
               for
               there
               the
               skin
               is
               tender'st
               ,
               and
               most
               sensible
               of
               the
               Lash
               .
            
             
               Observe
               when
               you
               whip
               or
               spur
               your
               Horse
               ,
               and
               that
               you
               are
               certain
               he
               is
               at
               the
               top
               of
               his
               speed
               ,
               if
               then
               he
               clap
               his
               Ears
               in
               his
               Pole
               ,
               or
               whisk
               his
               Tail
               ,
               be
               sure
               that
               you
               
                 bear
                 him
                 hard
              
               ,
               and
               give
               him
               as
               much
               comfort
               as
               ever
               you
               can
               ,
               by
               sawing
               his
               
                 Snaffle
                 to
              
               and
               fro
               in
               his
               Mouth
               ,
               and
               by
               that
               means
               forcing
               him
               to
               open
               his
               Mouth
               ,
               which
               will
               comfort
               him
               ,
               and
               give
               him
               wind
               .
            
             
               If
               there
               be
               any
               
                 high
                 wind
              
               stirring
               when
               you
               ride
               ,
               observe
               if
               it
               be
               in
               your
               Face
               to
               let
               your
               Adversary
               lead
               ,
               and
               to
               hold
               hard
               behind
               him
               till
               you
               see
               your
               opportunity
               of
               giving
               a
               Loose
               ;
               yet
               you
               must
               observe
               to
               ride
               so
               close
               to
               him
               ,
               that
               his
               Horse
               may
               break
               the
               Wind
               from
               yours
               ,
               and
               that
               you
               by
               stooping
               low
               in
               your
               Seat
               may
               shelter
               your self
               under
               him
               ,
               which
               will
               assist
               the
               strength
               of
               your
               Horse
               .
               But
               if
               the
               Wind
               be
               in
               your
               Back
               ,
               ride
               exactly
               behind
               him
               ,
               that
               your
               Horse
               may
               alone
               enjoy
               the
               benefit
               of
               the
               Wind
               ,
               by
               being
               as
               it
               were
               
                 blown
                 forward
              
               ,
               and
               by
               breaking
               it
               from
               him
               as
               much
               as
               you
               can
               possible
               .
            
             
             
               Next
               observe
               what
               Ground
               your
               Horse
               delights
               to
               run
               best
               on
               ,
               bearing
               your
               Horse
               (
               as
               much
               as
               your
               Adversary
               will
               give
               you
               leave
               )
               on
               
                 level
                 Carpet-ground
              
               ,
               because
               your
               Horse
               naturally
               will
               be
               desirous
               to
               spend
               himself
               more
               freely
               thereon
               .
               But
               on
               
                 deep
                 Earths
              
               &c.
               give
               him
               more
               liberty
               ,
               because
               he
               will
               naturally
               favour
               himself
               thereupon
               .
               Be
               sure
               ,
               if
               you
               are
               to
               run
               
                 up
                 hill
              
               ,
               to
               favour
               your
               Horse
               and
               
                 bear
                 him
              
               ,
               for
               fear
               of
               running
               him
               out
               of
               wind
               ;
               but
               
                 down
                 hill
              
               ,
               (
               if
               your
               Horses
               Feet
               and
               Shoulders
               will
               endure
               it
               ,
               and
               you
               dare
               venture
               your
               own
               Neck
               )
               always
               give
               him
               a
               Loose
               .
            
             
               Only
               take
               this
               for
               a
               general
               Rule
               ,
               that
               if
               you
               find
               your
               Horse
               to
               have
               the
               Heels
               of
               the
               other
               ,
               that
               then
               you
               be
               careful
               to
               preserve
               his
               Speed
               till
               the
               last
               Train-scent
               ,
               if
               you
               are
               not
               to
               run
               a
               straight
               Course
               ,
               but
               if
               so
               ,
               then
               till
               the
               Course
               ,
               &
               so
               to
               husband
               it
               then
               too
               ,
               that
               you
               may
               be
               able
               to
               
                 make
                 a
                 Push
                 for
                 it
              
               at
               the
               last
               Post.
               
            
             
               Next
               you
               are
               to
               observe
               the
               nature
               of
               your
               Opposites
               Horse
               ,
               and
               if
               he
               be
               fiery
               ,
               then
               to
               run
               just
               behind
               ,
               or
               just
               
                 cheek
                 by
                 joul
              
               ,
               and
               with
               your
               Whip
               make
               as
               much
               noise
               as
               you
               can
               ,
               that
               you
               may
               force
               him
               on
               faster
               then
               his
               Rider
               would
               have
               him
               ,
               and
               by
               that
               means
               
                 Spend
                 him
              
               the
               sooner
               .
               Or
               else
               keep
               just
               before
               him
               upon
               such
               a
               
                 slow
                 Gallop
              
               ,
               that
               he
               may
               either
               
                 over
                 reach
              
               or
               by
               treading
               on
               your
               Horses
               Heels
               (
               if
               he
               will
               not
               take
               the
               leading
               )
               endanger
               falling
               over
               .
            
             
               Observe
               on
               what
               ground
               the
               contrary
               Horse
               runs
               worst
               and
               on
               that
               Earth
               be
               sure
               to
               give
               a
               loose
               that
               your
               Adversaries
               being
               forced
               to
               follow
               you
               ,
               may
               hazzard
               stumbling
               ,
               or
               clapping
               on
               the
               
                 back
                 Sinnws
              
               .
            
             
               Observe
               likewise
               in
               your
               Riding
               the
               several
               Helps
               and
               Corrections
               of
               the
               Hand
               the
               Whip
               and
               the
               Spur
               ,
               and
               when
               and
               how
               often
               he
               makes
               use
               of
               them
               ;
               and
               when
               you
               perceive
               that
               his
               Horse
               begins
               to
               be
               blown
               by
               any
               of
               the
               former
               Synptoms
               ,
               as
               Whisking
               his
               
                 Tail
                 ,
                 
                 clapping
                 down
              
               his
               
                 Ears
                 ,
                 holding
              
               out
               his
               Nose
               like
               a
               
                 Pig
                 &c.
              
               you
               may
               then
               take
               it
               for
               granted
               that
               he
               is
               at
               the
               top
               of
               what
               he
               can
               do
               ;
               therefore
               in
               this
               case
               observe
               how
               your
               own
               rides
               ,
               and
               if
               he
               run
               cheerfully
               and
               strongly
               without
               Spurring
               ,
               then
               be
               sure
               keep
               your
               Adversary
               to
               the
               same
               speed
               without
               giving
               him
               ease
               and
               by
               that
               means
               you
               will
               quickly
               bring
               him
               to
               
                 give
                 out
              
               ,
               or
               else
               distance
               him
               .
            
             
               Observe
               at
               the
               End
               of
               every
               Train-sent
               what
               Condition
               ,
               the
               other
               Horse
               is
               in
               ;
               and
               how
               he
               holds
               out
               in
               his
               Labour
               ;
               which
               you
               may
               be
               able
               to
               give
               a
               judgment
               of
               by
               his
               Looks
               ,
               the
               Working
               of
               his
               Flank
               ,
               and
               the
               slackness
               of
               his
               Girths
               .
               For
               if
               he
               look
               dull
               t
               is
               a
               sign
               his
               
                 Spirits
                 sail
              
               him
               ;
               if
               his
               Flanks
               beat
               much
               ,
               t
               is
               a
               token
               that
               his
               Wind
               begins
               to
               fail
               him
               ,
               and
               then
               of
               necessiity
               his
               Strength
               must
               too
               .
               If
               his
               Wind
               fail
               him
               ,
               then
               his
               Body
               will
               grow
               thin
               and
               appear
               
                 tuckt
                 up
              
               ,
               which
               will
               make
               his
               Girths
               appear
               slack
               to
               the
               Eye
               .
               And
               therefore
               take
               this
               for
               a
               Rule
               that
               there
               is
               no
               greater
               Sign
               of
               Weakness
               then
               this
               which
               I
               have
               last
               mentioned
               ;
               so
               that
               if
               your
               Adversaries
               Horse
               want
               girting
               after
               the
               
                 first
                 Scent
              
               ,
               provided
               he
               were
               close-girt
               at
               his
               first
               starting
               ,
               you
               need
               not
               much
               dispair
               of
               winning
               your
               Wager
               .
            
             
               When
               each
               Train-scent
               is
               ended
               (
               and
               so
               likewise
               after
               every
               Heat
               for
               a
               Plate
               )
               you
               must
               have
               dry
               Straw
               ,
               and
               dry
               Cloaths
               both
               Linnen
               and
               Woollen
               which
               have
               been
               steep'd
               in
               Urine
               and
               Salt-Peter
               a
               day
               ,
               or
               two
               ,
               and
               then
               dryed
               in
               the
               Sun
               ;
               and
               likewise
               one
               ,
               or
               two
               of
               each
               which
               have
               been
               so
               steeped
               ,
               must
               be
               brought
               wet
               into
               the
               Field
               ;
               and
               after
               the
               Train
               is
               ended
               you
               must
               have
               two
               or
               three
               Helpers
               ,
               and
               after
               your
               Groom
               has
               with
               a
               
                 Knife
                 of
                 Heat
              
               (
               as
               the
               D.
               of
               New-Castle
               calls
               it
               )
               which
               is
               an
               old
               piece
               of
               a
               
                 Sword
                 blade
              
               ,
               scrapt
               off
               all
               the
               Sweat
               from
               your
               Horses
               
                 Neck
                 ,
                 Body
                 &c.
              
               you
               must
               see
               that
               they
               first
               with
               Straw
               ,
               and
               
               then
               with
               their
               
                 dry
                 Cloaths
                 rub
              
               him
               dry
               all
               over
               ,
               whilst
               others
               are
               employed
               about
               his
               Leggs
               ;
               and
               as
               soon
               as
               they
               are
               rub'd
               dry
               then
               chafe
               them
               with
               your
               wet
               cloaths
               ,
               and
               never
               give
               over
               till
               you
               are
               called
               by
               the
               Judges
               to
               start
               again
               .
               This
               will
               keep
               his
               Joynts
               plyant
               and
               nimble
               ,
               and
               prevent
               any
               inflammation
               which
               might
               arise
               from
               any
               
                 old
                 Strain
              
               .
            
             
               The
               next
               thing
               to
               be
               considered
               is
               the
               Judges
               ,
               or
               Tryers
               Office
               ,
               which
               is
               to
               see
               that
               all
               things
               are
               ordered
               according
               to
               the
               Articles
               ,
               which
               to
               that
               end
               ought
               to
               be
               publickly
               read
               before
               the
               Horses
               Start.
               
            
             
               Next
               that
               each
               Tryer
               on
               whose
               side
               the
               Train
               is
               to
               be
               led
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               Articles
               give
               directions
               for
               its
               leading
               according
               to
               the
               advise
               of
               the
               Rider
               ,
               or
               his
               Knowledge
               of
               the
               Nature
               and
               Disposition
               of
               that
               Horse
               on
               
                 whose
                 side
              
               he
               is
               Chose
               .
            
             
               Next
               that
               each
               Tryer
               be
               so
               advantageously
               Mounted
               ,
               as
               to
               
                 ride
                 up
              
               behind
               the
               Horses
               ,
               (
               but
               not
               upon
               them
               )
               all
               day
               ;
               and
               to
               observe
               that
               the
               Contrary
               Horse
               ride
               his
               True-ground
               ,
               and
               observe
               the
               Articles
               in
               every
               particular
               ,
               or
               else
               not
               to
               permit
               him
               to
               proceed
               .
            
             
               Next
               that
               after
               each
               
                 Train
                 scent
              
               be
               ended
               ,
               each
               Tryer
               look
               to
               that
               Horse
               against
               whom
               he
               is
               chosen
               ,
               and
               observe
               that
               he
               be
               
                 no
                 ways
              
               reliev'd
               but
               with
               rubbing
               ,
               except
               Liberty
               on
               both
               sides
               be
               given
               to
               the
               contrary
               .
            
             
               Next
               ,
               as
               soon
               as
               the
               time
               which
               is
               allow'd
               for
               rubbing
               be
               expired
               ,
               which
               is
               generally
               half
               an
               hour
               ,
               they
               shall
               command
               them
               to
               mount
               ,
               and
               if
               either
               Rider
               refuse
               ,
               it
               may
               be
               lawful
               for
               the
               other
               to
               start
               without
               him
               ,
               and
               having
               beat
               him
               the
               distance
               agreed
               on
               ,
               the
               Wager
               is
               to
               be
               adjudg'd
               on
               his
               side
               .
            
             
               Next
               ,
               the
               Tryers
               shall
               keep
               off
               all
               other
               Horses
               from
               crossing
               the
               Riders
               ,
               or
               leading
               them
               ;
               only
               they
               themselves
               may
               be
               allow'd
               to
               instruct
               the
               Riders
               by
               
               word
               of
               mouth
               how
               to
               ride
               ,
               whether
               slow
               ,
               or
               fast
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               Advantages
               he
               perceives
               may
               be
               gain'd
               by
               his
               Directions
            
             
               Lastly
               ,
               if
               there
               be
               any
               weight
               agreed
               on
               ,
               they
               shall
               see
               that
               both
               Horses
               bring
               their
               true
               weight
               to
               the
               starting
               place
               ,
               and
               carry
               it
               to
               the
               end
               of
               the
               Train
               ,
               on
               penalty
               of
               losing
               the
               Wager
               .
            
             
               The
               same
               Rules
               are
               to
               be
               observ'd
               (
               especially
               this
               last
               )
               by
               those
               Gentlemen
               which
               are
               chosen
               to
               be
               Judges
               at
               a
               Race
               for
               a
               Plate
               ;
               onely
               they
               usually
               stay
               in
               the
               Stand
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               the
               better
               see
               which
               Horse
               wins
               the
               Heat
               .
            
             
               Now
               for
               running
               for
               a
               Plate
               ,
               there
               are
               not
               so
               many
               Observations
               to
               be
               made
               ,
               nor
               more
               Directions
               requir'd
               than
               what
               have
               been
               already
               mention'd
               ;
               onely
               this
               ,
               that
               if
               you
               know
               your
               Horse
               to
               be
               
                 tough
                 at
                 bottom
              
               ,
               and
               that
               he
               will
               
                 stick
                 at
                 mark
              
               ,
               to
               ride
               him
               each
               Heat
               according
               to
               the
               best
               of
               his
               performance
               ,
               and
               avoid
               as
               much
               as
               possible
               either
               riding
               at
               any
               particular
               Horse
               ,
               or
               staying
               for
               any
               ,
               but
               to
               ride
               each
               Heat
               throughout
               with
               the
               
                 best
                 speed
              
               you
               can
               .
            
             
               But
               if
               you
               have
               a
               very
               
                 fiery
                 Horse
              
               to
               manage
               ,
               or
               one
               that
               is
               hard-mouth'd
               ,
               and
               difficult
               to
               be
               held
               ,
               then
               
                 start
                 behind
              
               the
               rest
               of
               the
               Horses
               with
               all
               the
               coolness
               and
               gentleness
               imaginable
               ;
               and
               when
               you
               find
               your
               Horse
               to
               begin
               to
               ride
               at
               some
               command
               ,
               then
               
                 put
                 up
              
               to
               the
               other
               Horses
               ,
               and
               if
               you
               find
               they
               ride
               
                 at
                 their
                 Ease
              
               ,
               and
               are
               
                 hard
                 held
              
               ,
               then
               endeavour
               to
               draw
               them
               on
               faster
               ;
               but
               if
               you
               find
               their
               Wind
               begin
               to
               
                 rake
                 hot
              
               ,
               and
               that
               they
               want
               a
               Sob
               ,
               if
               your
               own
               Horse
               be
               in
               wind
               ,
               and
               you
               have
               a
               
                 Loose
                 in
                 your
                 hand
              
               ,
               keep
               them
               
                 up
                 to
                 their
                 speed
              
               ,
               till
               you
               come
               within
               
                 three
                 quarters
              
               of
               a
               Mile
               of
               the
               End
               of
               the
               Heat
               ;
               and
               then
               give
               a
               Loose
               ,
               and
               push
               for
               it
               ,
               and
               leave
               to
               Fortune
               and
               your
               Horses
               Goodness
               the
               Event
               of
               your
               Success
               .
            
             
             
               Many
               more
               Rules
               there
               are
               which
               may
               not
               occur
               at
               present
               to
               my
               memory
               ,
               and
               others
               which
               I
               purposely
               omit
               ;
               but
               these
               may
               serve
               the
               
                 honest
                 Jockey
              
               ,
               and
               for
               the
               others
               which
               relate
               to
               Foul-play
               ,
               as
               
                 crossing
                 ,
                 hanging
              
               on
               the
               
                 Posts
                 ,
                 leaning
              
               on
               the
               other
               
                 Horseman
                 ,
                 yoking
              
               ,
               &c.
               
               I
               desire
               not
               to
               instruct
               any
               one
               in
               them
               ,
               and
               could
               wish
               that
               they
               might
               never
               be
               
                 made
                 use
                 of
              
               ,
               but
               be
               wholly
               relinquish'd
               by
               all
               honest
               Horsemen
               .
            
             
               Lastly
               ,
               when
               either
               your
               Hunting-Match
               ,
               or
               your
               
                 Tryal
                 for
                 the
                 Plate
              
               is
               ended
               ,
               as
               soon
               as
               you
               have
               rubb'd
               your
               Horse
               dry
               ,
               you
               shall
               
                 cloath
                 him
                 up
              
               ,
               and
               
                 ride
                 him
                 home
              
               ,
               where
               the
               first
               thing
               you
               give
               him
               shall
               be
               this
               Drink
               to
               comfort
               him
               .
            
             
               Take
               a
               Pint
               and
               a
               half
               of
               
                 sweet
                 Milk
              
               ,
               and
               put
               three
               Yolks
               of
               Eggs
               beaten
               into
               it
               ;
               then
               make
               it
               luke-warm
               ,
               and
               put
               in
               three
               penny-worth
               of
               Saffron
               ,
               and
               three
               Spoonfuls
               of
               Sallet-oyl
               ,
               and
               give
               it
               him
               in
               a
               Horn.
               
            
             
               When
               this
               is
               done
               dress
               him
               slightly
               over
               with
               your
               
                 Curry
                 Comb
                 ,
                 Brush
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Woollen
                 Cloth
              
               ;
               and
               then
               bath
               the
               place
               where
               the
               
                 Saddle
                 stood
              
               with
               warm
               Sack
               to
               prevent
               Warbles
               ,
               and
               wash
               the
               Spurring-places
               with
               Piss
               and
               Salt
               ,
               and
               then
               afterwards
               annoint
               them
               with
               Turpentine
               and
               Powder
               of
               Jet
               mix'd
               together
               ;
               and
               be
               sure
               let
               the
               Stable
               be
               very
               well
               litter'd
               ;
               and
               then
               cloath
               him
               up
               with
               
                 all
                 speed
              
               ,
               and
               so
               let
               him
               stand
               two
               hours
               .
               Then
               feed
               him
               with
               Rye-bread
               ,
               after
               that
               with
               a
               very
               good
               Mash
               :
               then
               give
               him
               his
               
                 Belly
                 full
              
               of
               Hay
               ,
               and
               what
               Corn
               or
               Bread
               he
               will
               eat
               .
               Then
               bathe
               his
               Legs
               well
               with
               Urine
               and
               Salt-peter
               ,
               leave
               him
               Corn
               in
               his
               Locker
               ,
               and
               so
               let
               him
               rest
               till
               the
               next
               Morning
               ;
               at
               which
               time
               order
               him
               as
               
                 before
                 directed
              
               in
               his
               days
               of
               Rest.
               
            
             
               Thus
               I
               have
               imparted
               to
               the
               Publick
               what
               my
               own
               
               Experience
               has
               taught
               me
               ,
               relating
               to
               this
               part
               of
               Horsemanship
               .
               I
               desire
               no
               Person
               to
               rely
               on
               it
               further
               then
               they
               shall
               find
               it
               advantageous
               upon
               Practice
               and
               Tryal
               .
               If
               others
               
                 more
                 skilful
              
               would
               be
               as
               free
               to
               communicate
               their
               Observations
               on
               this
               Subject
               ,
               this
               profitable
               part
               of
               Knowledge
               might
               then
               perhaps
               be
               improv'd
               to
               perfection
               .
               The
               giving
               a
               Specimen
               was
               all
               that
               is
               here
               design'd
               .
               If
               the
               Reader
               finds
               any
               Errors
               ,
               he
               is
               desir'd
               either
               to
               pardon
               or
               amend
               them
               .
               To
               those
               that
               either
               know
               no
               better
               ,
               or
               want
               
                 other
                 Helps
              
               ,
               this
               possibly
               may
               prove
               no
               unwelcome
               piece
               of
               Service
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             
               ERRATA
               .
            
             
               
                 Pag.
                 15.
                 l.
                 19.
                 for
              
               rot
               read
               moot
               .
               
                 p.
                 22.
                 l.
                 22.
                 for
              
               lyare
               r.
               lyard
               .
               
                 p.
                 28.
                 l.
                 3.
                 for
              
               Doser
               .
               Pose
               .
               
                 p.
                 45.
                 l.
                 7.
                 for
              
               that
               by
               r.
               that
               if
               by
               .
               
                 p.
                 47.
                 l.
                 1.
                 for
              
               to
               feed
               him
               
                 &c.
                 in
                 some
                 copies
                 ,
                 r.
              
               him
               ,
               and
               so
               feed
               him
               by
               little
               and
               little
               .
               
                 p.
                 51.
                 l.
                 26.
                 for
              
               Daler
               .
               Pale
               .
               
                 p.
                 73.
                 l.
                 1.
                 for
              
               so
               inhumane
               ,
               r.
               too
               inhumane
               
                 ib.
                 l.
                 2.
                 dele
              
               so
               .
            
             
               FINIS
               .