An historicall relation of the military government of Gloucester, from the beginning of the Civill Warre betweene King and Parliament, to the removall of Colonell Massie from that government to the command of the westerne forces by John Corbet ...
         Corbet, John, 1620-1680.
      
       
         
           1645
        
      
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         A34531
         Wing C6248
         ESTC R23152
         12240333
         ocm 12240333
         56747
         
           
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             An historicall relation of the military government of Gloucester, from the beginning of the Civill Warre betweene King and Parliament, to the removall of Colonell Massie from that government to the command of the westerne forces by John Corbet ...
             Corbet, John, 1620-1680.
          
           [6], 140 [i.e. 138] p.
           
             Printed by M.B. for Robert Bostock ...,
             London :
             1645.
          
           
             Wrongly ascribed in the Wing catalogue to John Corbet, 1603-1641.
             "Published by authority"
             Errata: p. [6].
             Reproduction of original in Thomason Collection, British Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Charles -- I, -- King of England, 1600-1649.
           Massey, Edward, -- Sir, 1619?-1674?
           England and Wales. -- Parliament.
           Great Britain -- History -- Civil War, 1642-1649.
        
      
    
     
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               An
               Historicall
               RELATION
               OF
               THE
               Military
               Government
               of
               GLOUCESTER
               :
               From
               the
               beginning
               of
               the
               Civill
               Warre
               Betweene
               KING
               and
               PARLIAMENT
               To
               the
               removall
               of
               Colonell
               MASSIE
               from
               that
               Government
               to
               the
               Command
               of
               the
               Westerne
               Forces
               .
            
             
               By
               
                 John
                 Corbet
              
               Preacher
               of
               Gods
               Word
               .
            
             
               
                 Published
                 by
                 Authority
              
               .
            
             
               LONDON
               ,
               Printed
               by
               
                 M.
                 B.
              
               for
               
                 Robert
                 Bostock
              
               at
               the
               Kings
               Head
               in
               Pauls
               Church-yard
               .
               1645.
               
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
         
           To
           the
           Right
           Worshipfull
           ,
           the
           Mayor
           ,
           Aldermen
           ,
           and
           Common
           Councell
           ,
           with
           the
           Burgesses
           of
           the
           City
           of
           GLOUCESTER
           .
        
         
           
             Gentlemen
             ,
          
        
         
           SIlent
           and
           calme
           times
           ,
           and
           an
           equall
           stream
           of
           secular
           Affairs
           are
           more
           acceptable
           to
           men
           of
           the
           present
           age
           ,
           because
           they
           are
           times
           of
           injoyment
           ;
           whereas
           the
           greater
           Changes
           and
           Confusions
           of
           the
           world
           do
           more
           delight
           Posterity
           ,
           or
           such
           as
           survive
           the
           trouble
           of
           those
           Changes
           .
           For
           t
           is
           a
           pleasure
           to
           behold
           at
           such
           a
           distance
           the
           Risings
           and
           Falls
           of
           Nations
           and
           their
           Governments
           ,
           as
           to
           see
           the
           raging
           Sea
           from
           the
           secure
           Land.
           And
           it
           doth
           not
           seldome
           come
           to
           passe
           that
           an
           universall
           Concussion
           ,
           and
           the
           shaking
           of
           the
           pillars
           of
           the
           earth
           ,
           doth
           cast
           it
           into
           better
           frame
           and
           settle
           it
           on
           a
           firme
           Basis
           :
           So
           that
           the
           men
           of
           the
           former
           Age
           doe
           labour
           ,
           
           and
           those
           of
           the
           later
           enter
           into
           their
           labours
           .
           Even
           so
           ,
           t
           is
           the
           Calamity
           of
           these
           Dayes
           to
           be
           engaged
           in
           such
           a
           Warre
           and
           the
           wofull
           attendants
           thereof
           ;
           yet
           their
           felicity
           to
           be
           engaged
           for
           the
           highest
           interests
           in
           this
           life
           ,
           which
           will
           exalt
           them
           ,
           whatsoever
           the
           successe
           be
           ;
           and
           if
           prosperous
           ,
           will
           make
           the
           faithfull
           in
           the
           land
           a
           perpetuall
           Excellency
           ,
           and
           the
           joy
           of
           many
           Generations
           .
           The
           Action
           of
           these
           times
           transcends
           the
           Barons
           Warres
           ,
           and
           those
           tedious
           discords
           betweene
           the
           Houses
           of
           Yorke
           and
           Lancaster
           ,
           in
           as
           much
           as
           it
           is
           undertaken
           upon
           higher
           Principles
           ,
           and
           carried
           on
           to
           a
           nobler
           end
           ,
           and
           effects
           more
           universall
           .
           And
           in
           this
           you
           have
           acted
           not
           the
           least
           part
           for
           a
           particular
           Government
           to
           your
           owne
           safety
           and
           honour
           ,
           and
           by
           a
           generall
           acknowledgement
           not
           a
           little
           to
           the
           preservation
           of
           the
           whole
           Kingdome
           .
           Wherefore
           out
           of
           abundant
           respect
           to
           my
           deare
           native
           place
           ,
           having
           collected
           some
           Memorials
           of
           its
           fidelity
           and
           Industry
           ,
           I
           humbly
           present
           them
           to
           your
           view
           ,
           who
           were
           witnesses
           of
           ,
           and
           bore
           a
           part
           in
           those
           performances
           .
           I
           remember
           my
           own
           thoughts
           when
           we
           were
           in
           the
           height
           of
           Danger
           ,
           and
           ready
           to
           fall
           
           into
           the
           depth
           of
           Misery
           ,
           That
           I
           did
           seeme
           to
           refresh
           my selfe
           in
           the
           conceipt
           of
           the
           future
           joyous
           remembrance
           thereof
           ,
           when
           we
           should
           out
           live
           those
           extremities
           .
           And
           you
           also
           must
           needs
           be
           abundantly
           satisfied
           in
           reminding
           those
           manifold
           hazards
           and
           exegencies
           which
           you
           by
           patience
           and
           perseverance
           have
           in
           good
           measure
           overcome
           .
           For
           which
           cause
           this
           Historicall
           Relation
           ,
           though
           it
           tenders
           it selfe
           to
           the
           review
           of
           all
           serious
           men
           ,
           yet
           unto
           yours
           chiefly
           ,
           that
           your
           ioy
           might
           be
           yet
           more
           full
           .
           Neither
           ought
           we
           to
           be
           so
           iniurious
           to
           Divine
           Providence
           ,
           as
           to
           bury
           or
           keep
           secret
           the
           influence
           and
           working
           thereof
           upon
           the
           endeavours
           of
           a
           willing
           people
           .
           Hitherto
           you
           have
           runne
           well
           ,
           nothing
           remaines
           but
           perseverance
           ,
           that
           the
           concluding
           part
           may
           be
           blessed
           and
           honourable
           .
           Let
           your
           City
           ever
           flourish
           and
           prosper
           under
           the
           protection
           of
           the
           Highest
           .
        
         
           
             Gentlemen
             ,
             Your
             humbly
             devoted
             servant
             ,
             JOHN
             CORBET
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
           
             
               LEges
               Historiae
               civilis
               aperte
               satis
               innuit
            
             Franciscus
             Verulamius
             
               notando
               plurima
               quae
               eam
               circumstant
               vitia
               .
               Dum
               plerique
               narrationes
               quasdam
               inopes
               &
               plebeias
               conscribant
               ;
               alii
               particulares
               relationes
               ,
               &
               Commentariolos
               opera
               Festinata
               ,
               &
               textu
               inaequali
               consariant
               ;
               alii
               capita
               tantum
               Rerum
               gestarum
               percurrant
               ;
               alii
               contrà
               minima
               quaeque
               &
               ad
               summas
               actionum
               nihil
               facientia
               persequantur
               :
               Nonnulli
               ,
               nimiâ
               erga
               ingenia
               propria
               indulgentia
               plurima
               audacter
               confingant
               :
               Ast
               alii
               non
               tam
               ingeniorum
               suorum
               ,
               quam
               Affectuum
               imaginem
               rebus
               imprimant
               &
               addant
               ,
               partium
               suarum
               memores
               ,
               rerum
               parum
               fideles
               Testes
               ;
               Quidam
               politica
               in
               quibus
               sibi
               complacent
               ,
               ubique
               inculcent
               ,
               &
               diverticula
               ad
               ostentationem
               quaerendo
               narrationem
               rerum
               nimis
               leviter
               interru●pant
               :
               alii
               in
               orationum
               &
               conoionum
               aut
               etiam
               Actorum
               ipsorum
               prolixitate
               parum
               cum
               judicio
               nimii
               sunt
               .
            
          
           
             
               Haec
               omnia
               cautè
               vitantur
               in
               Historia
               legitima
               &
               numeris
               suis
               absoluta
               .
            
          
           
             De
             Augment
             :
             Scient
             .
             l.
             2.
             c.
             5.
             
          
        
      
       
         
           Errata
           .
        
         
           PAge
           4.
           l.
           37.
           r.
           tracke
           .
           p.
           6.
           l.
           27.
           r.
           
             in
             themselves
          
           .
           p.
           8.
           l.
           4.
           r.
           tender
           .
           p.
           50.
           l.
           17.
           del
           .
           
             and
             the
             river
             chained
          
           .
           p.
           81.
           l.
           6.
           r
           Subtile
           .
           p.
           ib.
           l.
           10.
           r.
           imaginary
           .
           p.
           82.
           l.
           32.
           r.
           quartered
           .
           p.
           85.
           l.
           11.
           r.
           
             Winnie●
             hill
          
           .
           p.
           86.
           l.
           22.
           r.
           Ledbury
           .
           p.
           119.
           l.
           23.
           r.
           
             yeelded
             to
             the
             drawing
          
           .
           p.
           220.
           l.
           13.
           r.
           role
           .
           p.
           121.
           l.
           21.
           r.
           Lidney
           .
           p.
           123.
           l.
           9.
           r
           Gloucester
           .
           Other
           faults
           lesse
           materiall
           ,
           let
           the
           courteous
           Reader
           be
           pleased
           to
           correct
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           AN
           Historicall
           Relation
           Of
           The
           Military
           Government
           of
           GLOUCESTER
           .
        
         
           AMidst
           the
           variety
           of
           action
           in
           the
           present
           Age
           ,
           the
           course
           of
           this
           Military
           Government
           was
           conceived
           not
           unworthy
           to
           be
           knowne
           unto
           more
           than
           them
           that
           acted
           ,
           or
           beheld
           at
           a
           nearer
           distance
           ;
           onely
           the
           care
           of
           a
           true
           and
           meete
           Representation
           held
           his
           thoughts
           ,
           who
           hath
           now
           brought
           it
           to
           the
           publick
           light
           ,
           and
           hazarded
           the
           censure
           of
           these
           knowing
           times
           .
           If
           I
           have
           fallen
           below
           the
           Story
           ,
           I
           shall
           neither
           begg
           acceptance
           nor
           crave
           pardon
           for
           a
           deliberateerrour
           ;
           neverthelesse
           to
           give
           an
           accompt
           of
           the
           designe
           is
           no
           more
           then
           that
           due
           which
           all
           may
           expect
           and
           challenge
           :
           onely
           the
           Princes
           of
           Learnings
           Empire
           are
           authentick
           
           in
           the
           very
           name
           ,
           and
           require
           an
           uncontrolled
           passe
           without
           a
           Preface
           to
           ●ther
           them
           :
           but
           whosoever
           owes
           respect
           and
           d●●●
           to
           the
           world
           ,
           his
           observance
           will
           plead
           for
           the
           necessity
           of
           a
           〈◊〉
           introduction
           .
        
         
           The
           Relation
           therefore
           brings
           to
           remembrance
           the
           affaires
           of
           a
           particular
           Command
           ,
           which
           as
           yet
           hath
           not
           been
           the
           meanest
           part
           of
           the
           present
           warfare
           ,
           the
           event
           wherof
           all
           Christendome
           may
           expect
           with
           admiration
           and
           horrour
           ;
           t
           is
           one
           branch
           of
           the
           History
           of
           these
           times
           ,
           which
           happily
           may
           be
           viewed
           in
           severall
           parcells
           better
           then
           in
           one
           entire
           body
           :
           for
           such
           a
           Chronicle
           ,
           if
           it
           shall
           duely
           expresse
           the
           rise
           and
           progresse
           of
           things
           ,
           must
           needs
           be
           perplexed
           with
           multiplicity
           of
           interwoven
           Discourses
           ,
           when
           three
           Kingdomes
           are
           ingaged
           ,
           and
           no
           part
           in
           either
           of
           them
           stand
           free
           as
           Spectators
           onely
           of
           the
           common
           calamity
           ;
           that
           the
           worke
           must
           either
           swell
           into
           a
           bulke
           mishapen
           and
           burdensome
           ,
           or
           lye
           too
           narrow
           to
           comprize
           the
           severall
           parts
           in
           their
           just
           and
           perfect
           measures
           ;
           but
           many
           single
           Narrations
           doe
           more
           exactly
           delineate
           ,
           give
           the
           truest
           colours
           ,
           and
           put
           upon
           things
           the
           most
           unsuspected
           visage
           .
           Generall
           Histories
           doe
           seldome
           approach
           the
           fountaine
           of
           action
           ,
           and
           their
           glosse
           though
           beautifull
           ,
           yet
           more
           dull
           cannot
           hold
           forth
           that
           native
           grace
           and
           lustre
           .
           Whereas
           there
           appeare
           in
           particular
           branches
           those
           lively
           sparklings
           and
           more
           secret
           motions
           of
           life
           and
           heate
           ,
           which
           strike
           upon
           that
           fancy
           and
           intellect
           that
           can
           behold
           and
           reach
           them
           ;
           besides
           ,
           they
           that
           gather
           up
           so
           many
           divided
           Plots
           (
           as
           are
           now
           acted
           )
           into
           one
           modell
           ,
           are
           wont
           to
           endeavour
           after
           a
           smoother
           path
           ,
           a
           greater
           harmony
           ,
           and
           more
           exact
           symmetry
           of
           parts
           ;
           whereas
           the
           face
           of
           things
           is
           conscious
           of
           more
           disproportion
           ,
           sometimes
           a
           confusion
           of
           businesse
           ,
           and
           the
           severall
           scenes
           may
           easily
           swerve
           from
           the
           originall
           plot
           ;
           but
           the
           divided
           parts
           drawne
           in
           severall
           are
           not
           so
           constrained
           and
           rackt
           ,
           but
           come
           naked
           and
           more
           simple
           ,
           and
           shew
           that
           the
           reason
           of
           the
           same
           Counsells
           is
           one
           in
           the
           Senate
           or
           Conclave
           ;
           another
           in
           the
           field
           ,
           discovers
           the
           failing
           or
           the
           crosse-working
           of
           contrivances
           ,
           how
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           action
           the
           maine
           Land-markes
           are
           waved
           ,
           and
           many
           grand
           projects
           never
           reach
           their
           period
           .
           Out
           of
           all
           which
           the
           comparing
           faculty
           
           of
           a
           judicious
           observer
           may
           collect
           the
           mis-guidance
           or
           defects
           of
           Policy
           ;
           and
           see
           how
           the
           pearcing
           subtilties
           of
           wit
           are
           broken
           and
           shattered
           by
           the
           course
           of
           things
           more
           knotty
           ,
           rude
           ,
           and
           and
           violent
           ;
           and
           this
           is
           the
           life
           of
           History
           ,
           that
           ought
           to
           declare
           the
           delinquency
           of
           State
           as
           well
           as
           its
           accomplishment
           and
           perfection
           .
        
         
           If
           the
           materialls
           of
           the
           Worke
           be
           questioned
           whether
           fit
           to
           be
           drawne
           up
           into
           one
           regular
           and
           compacted
           whole
           ,
           and
           to
           make
           a
           standing
           monument
           ,
           we
           also
           know
           that
           nothing
           in
           this
           kinde
           is
           to
           be
           thrust
           upon
           the
           world
           ,
           since
           History
           doth
           intend
           to
           gratifie
           the
           future
           times
           with
           the
           remembrance
           of
           those
           things
           onely
           which
           prudent
           men
           desire
           ,
           and
           claime
           from
           such
           as
           pretend
           an
           interest
           and
           portion
           in
           the
           treasures
           of
           knowledge
           ;
           it
           beares
           therefore
           before
           it
           nothing
           more
           then
           the
           thing
           it selfe
           gives
           forth
           ,
           and
           which
           may
           finde
           acceptance
           with
           severer
           wits
           ;
           for
           not
           onely
           the
           remarkable
           changes
           of
           the
           Universe
           ,
           the
           grand
           periods
           of
           Kingdomes
           and
           Common-wealths
           ,
           the
           chiefe
           and
           turning
           points
           of
           State-affaires
           ,
           but
           particular
           Plat-formes
           ,
           lives
           ,
           examples
           ,
           and
           emergent
           occasions
           also
           ,
           are
           to
           be
           observed
           and
           laid
           up
           for
           posterity
           .
           More
           yet
           ,
           those
           particularities
           ,
           and
           minute
           passages
           are
           they
           that
           come
           home
           to
           mens
           businesse
           ,
           approach
           their
           experience
           ,
           and
           guide
           their
           course
           ;
           but
           things
           more
           grand
           and
           lofty
           seeme
           to
           be
           turned
           upon
           the
           wheeles
           of
           Providence
           ;
           too
           high
           for
           the
           imitation
           of
           men
           .
           The
           worke
           of
           a
           politick
           or
           martiall
           man
           is
           to
           fixe
           his
           designe
           ,
           and
           then
           to
           expect
           the
           accomplishment
           ,
           not
           by
           one
           sudden
           or
           great
           atchievement
           ,
           but
           by
           a
           series
           of
           many
           particles
           ,
           and
           through
           an
           infinite
           variety
           of
           emergent
           occasions
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           the
           maine
           turning
           point
           falls
           in
           by
           the
           over-ruling
           power
           of
           the
           Universall
           cause
           ;
           such
           are
           properly
           the
           workes
           of
           men
           into
           which
           they
           ought
           to
           enquire
           and
           search
           .
           Besides
           ,
           the
           chiefe
           skill
           is
           not
           the
           generall
           knowledge
           of
           the
           maine
           undertaking
           ,
           but
           a
           certaine
           dexterity
           in
           meeting
           every
           point
           ,
           in
           working
           through
           many
           mazes
           and
           windings
           ,
           since
           sundry
           passages
           of
           small
           purport
           intervene
           to
           disturbe
           or
           promove
           it
           .
           Experience
           tells
           ,
           that
           many
           Universall
           Schollars
           are
           the
           most
           
           uncouth
           persons
           to
           Civill
           imployment
           ,
           which
           so
           happens
           ,
           because
           they
           study
           Bookes
           more
           then
           the
           course
           of
           businesse
           ,
           in
           which
           they
           gaze
           upon
           high
           objects
           ,
           and
           binde
           themselves
           to
           the
           riged
           observance
           of
           received
           Canons
           ;
           that
           if
           they
           venture
           amongst
           men
           ,
           upon
           a
           slight
           accident
           unexpected
           ,
           they
           sticke
           in
           the
           mire
           or
           runne
           a
           wrong
           course
           .
           We
           dislike
           not
           the
           taking
           up
           of
           well
           tryed
           Principles
           ,
           onely
           by
           examples
           of
           all
           sorts
           must
           we
           learne
           to
           except
           and
           distinguish
           ,
           and
           by
           consequence
           to
           use
           or
           abate
           the
           rigour
           of
           Politicall
           Maximes
           :
           neither
           doth
           it
           seldome
           come
           to
           passe
           that
           inferiour
           things
           over-rule
           ,
           and
           a
           circumstance
           may
           be
           predominant
           .
           From
           such
           a
           low
           bottome
           and
           meane
           beginning
           are
           great
           things
           raised
           ,
           and
           as
           their
           verticle
           point
           come
           in
           an
           instant
           ,
           so
           may
           they
           be
           turned
           upon
           a
           weake
           and
           slender
           hinge
           ;
           yet
           we
           meane
           not
           those
           circumstances
           that
           are
           the
           inseparable
           attendants
           of
           every
           naturall
           action
           ,
           but
           onely
           such
           as
           are
           worthy
           ,
           and
           have
           a
           morall
           influence
           ;
           all
           which
           shun
           their
           understandings
           who
           respect
           onely
           great
           ,
           and
           excelse
           objects
           ,
           which
           peradventure
           may
           flourish
           with
           ostentation
           and
           pompe
           ,
           but
           if
           applyed
           unto
           the
           life
           of
           man
           bring
           forth
           an
           effect
           like
           the
           birth
           of
           the
           Mountaines
           .
           And
           here
           we
           tender
           a
           naked
           Comentary
           and
           true
           rehearsall
           of
           those
           things
           as
           deserve
           not
           wholly
           to
           be
           forgotten
           ;
           if
           it
           be
           not
           full
           of
           rare
           changes
           which
           may
           grace
           the
           composure
           ,
           and
           affect
           the
           Reader
           ;
           yet
           doth
           it
           give
           the
           full
           draught
           of
           a
           Martiall
           command
           ,
           and
           a
           true
           Copy
           of
           the
           things
           it
           intends
           to
           expresse
           :
           it
           hath
           this
           advantage
           it
           common
           with
           others
           of
           the
           like
           nature
           ,
           that
           it
           can
           come
           forth
           to
           the
           censure
           of
           the
           present
           Age
           without
           the
           guilt
           and
           shame
           of
           mistakes
           or
           flatteries
           .
           Authors
           more
           Universall
           could
           never
           gaine
           to
           be
           stiled
           the
           Writers
           of
           unquestionable
           verities
           ,
           for
           they
           see
           at
           a
           greater
           distance
           ,
           and
           by
           a
           more
           obscure
           and
           duskey
           light
           :
           certainly
           a
           nearer
           approach
           ,
           and
           some
           kind
           of
           interest
           is
           required
           of
           him
           that
           desires
           to
           shew
           not
           onely
           some
           tarcke
           and
           foot-steps
           ,
           but
           the
           expresse
           image
           of
           things
           ,
           for
           whatsoever
           passes
           from
           hand
           to
           hand
           
           though
           upon
           the
           most
           undubitable
           Authority
           ,
           proves
           at
           the
           best
           but
           the
           image
           of
           a
           Picture
           :
           for
           the
           best
           wit
           that
           takes
           things
           though
           upon
           the
           surest
           trust
           ,
           must
           needs
           fall
           short
           of
           the
           Copy
           by
           which
           he
           writes
           ,
           if
           not
           in
           beauty
           ,
           yet
           in
           the
           truth
           and
           life
           thereof
           .
           The
           onely
           danger
           in
           such
           as
           are
           intressed
           is
           ,
           least
           they
           be
           partiall
           to
           their
           own
           side
           ,
           or
           make
           the
           Discourse
           more
           lofty
           then
           the
           Stage
           can
           reach
           ;
           which
           mischiefe
           the
           deliberate
           thoughts
           of
           a
           serious
           man
           can
           prevent
           ,
           and
           tell
           him
           that
           the
           unvayling
           of
           the
           defects
           ,
           and
           misfortunes
           of
           his
           owne
           party
           doth
           evince
           the
           sincerity
           of
           the
           Relation
           ,
           and
           graceth
           it
           with
           more
           variety
           ,
           then
           what
           the
           continuall
           streame
           of
           the
           hight
           of
           gallantry
           and
           successe
           can
           yeeld
           ;
           and
           which
           is
           most
           of
           all
           ,
           doth
           demonstrate
           that
           at
           some
           times
           the
           designe
           was
           laid
           upon
           the
           principles
           of
           reason
           ,
           and
           prosecuted
           with
           industry
           ,
           whereas
           continuall
           victory
           is
           attributed
           to
           a
           certaine
           hidden
           felicity
           ,
           and
           the
           bounty
           of
           providence
           .
           Affection
           therefore
           receives
           a
           check
           from
           that
           man
           who
           is
           more
           true
           to
           his
           owne
           faction
           and
           ends
           ,
           then
           to
           transgresse
           against
           the
           honour
           of
           that
           worke
           he
           takes
           in
           hand
           .
        
         
           As
           for
           this
           Military
           Government
           ,
           the
           power
           hereof
           hath
           rested
           in
           one
           Command
           ,
           and
           therefore
           doth
           more
           easily
           close
           into
           a
           single
           frame
           ,
           yet
           not
           in
           a
           smooth
           and
           equall
           straine
           ,
           but
           distinguished
           by
           many
           rises
           and
           falls
           :
           't
           is
           a
           branch
           almost
           divided
           from
           the
           maine
           stocke
           ,
           and
           hath
           been
           put
           to
           live
           and
           act
           of
           it selfe
           :
           neverthelesse
           a
           branch
           still
           ,
           and
           enlivened
           by
           the
           Authority
           of
           the
           Kingdomes
           soveraigne
           power
           ,
           from
           which
           it
           receives
           an
           influence
           both
           of
           support
           and
           guidance
           :
           but
           its
           distance
           from
           the
           fountaine
           of
           power
           had
           derived
           upon
           the
           Trustee
           a
           more
           free
           command
           ,
           and
           made
           way
           for
           the
           perfect
           worke
           of
           a
           souldier
           both
           counsell
           and
           action
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           surest
           way
           to
           make
           such
           commands
           both
           active
           and
           prosperous
           .
        
         
           The
           seate
           hereof
           lyes
           in
           the
           heart
           of
           the
           enemies
           Country
           ,
           like
           a
           forlorn
           hope
           ,
           and
           is
           maintained
           not
           so
           much
           for
           its
           owne
           sake
           ,
           or
           that
           so
           much
           ground
           might
           lye
           under
           a
           Parliament
           
           Power
           ,
           but
           to
           divide
           the
           Kings
           Association
           ,
           to
           stop
           his
           Recrutes
           ,
           to
           scarter
           his
           Forces
           ,
           and
           continually
           to
           distract
           the
           designes
           of
           that
           Army
           .
           Experience
           is
           witnesse
           of
           how
           great
           concernment
           it
           hath
           been
           to
           the
           safety
           of
           the
           Common-wealth
           ,
           not
           one
           place
           in
           the
           Kingdome
           of
           England
           hath
           so
           much
           exhausted
           the
           enemies
           Army
           ,
           nor
           hath
           the
           like
           advantage
           to
           ruine
           it
           :
           It
           can
           paine
           them
           at
           the
           heart
           ,
           't
           is
           a
           fire
           kindled
           in
           their
           bowels
           ,
           that
           might
           eate
           out
           their
           strength
           ,
           had
           it
           been
           the
           felicity
           of
           the
           State
           to
           have
           sent
           hither
           a
           part
           of
           those
           great
           supplies
           ,
           which
           have
           been
           else-where
           expended
           ,
           and
           done
           little
           towards
           the
           conclusion
           of
           the
           great
           worke
           .
        
         
           If
           this
           Collection
           shall
           present
           any
           thing
           that
           comes
           home
           to
           a
           civill
           life
           ,
           or
           the
           imployment
           of
           a
           Souldier
           ,
           if
           it
           shall
           bring
           to
           minde
           acceptable
           services
           ,
           and
           cause
           the
           people
           to
           remember
           the
           day
           of
           small
           things
           ,
           with
           the
           power
           of
           active
           and
           faithfull
           endeavours
           ,
           that
           observe
           and
           follow
           the
           Divine
           Providence
           ,
           I
           shall
           not
           faile
           of
           my
           end
           :
           and
           I
           know
           that
           this
           my
           adventure
           is
           no
           more
           then
           what
           the
           action
           doth
           deserve
           ,
           and
           the
           world
           may
           challenge
           .
        
         
           THe
           ingagement
           of
           the
           City
           of
           Gloucester
           in
           this
           common
           Cause
           of
           Religion
           and
           Liberty
           ,
           first
           began
           when
           the
           Houses
           of
           Parliament
           declared
           to
           the
           Kingdome
           their
           resolution
           of
           a
           defensive
           War
           :
           neither
           were
           its
           principall
           and
           active
           men
           drawne
           in
           by
           inferiour
           and
           accidentall
           motives
           ,
           but
           quickened
           by
           the
           same
           Principles
           in
           the
           maine
           ,
           that
           did
           enliven
           and
           actuate
           the
           Supreme
           Court
           ,
           expressing
           themselves
           the
           very
           motions
           of
           a
           Parliamentary
           spirit
           by
           an
           absolute
           and
           greedâ
           compliance
           with
           every
           act
           that
           breathed
           towards
           the
           perfect
           health
           of
           the
           State
           ,
           the
           severall
           Remonstrances
           of
           both
           Houses
           were
           received
           with
           all
           due
           respect
           ,
           whereas
           no
           Declaration
           sent
           from
           the
           other
           Party
           ,
           found
           the
           courtesie
           of
           a
           
           formall
           entertainment
           .
           It
           hath
           beene
           the
           honour
           of
           that
           Civill
           Government
           ,
           never
           to
           be
           guilty
           of
           the
           least
           act
           of
           disservice
           against
           that
           Cause
           which
           their
           hearts
           wish
           might
           prevaile
           and
           prosper
           .
           Therefore
           when
           the
           fire
           kindled
           and
           fomented
           by
           Jesuited
           Papists
           and
           their
           adherents
           ,
           was
           blowne
           up
           into
           a
           flame
           ,
           and
           the
           heads
           of
           two
           Parties
           appeared
           within
           this
           Realme
           ,
           the
           City
           of
           Gloucester
           determined
           not
           to
           stand
           Neutrall
           in
           action
           ,
           but
           to
           adhere
           unto
           one
           party
           ,
           with
           which
           they
           resolved
           to
           stand
           or
           fall
           ,
           necessity
           requiring
           no
           lesse
           ,
           which
           affection
           improves
           into
           vertue
           .
           The
           acknowledgement
           of
           its
           owne
           advantage
           in
           scituation
           and
           strength
           importuned
           a
           more
           timely
           Declaration
           ,
           least
           by
           it selfe
           neglected
           ,
           it
           should
           be
           seized
           by
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           whose
           eâe
           was
           upon
           it
           ,
           and
           so
           cast
           into
           perpetuall
           bondage
           .
           Also
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           the
           Country
           consented
           and
           resolved
           to
           maintaine
           their
           Birth-rights
           in
           the
           defence
           of
           the
           Priviledges
           and
           Power
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           against
           all
           invasions
           of
           usurpation
           and
           tyranny
           .
        
         
           During
           the
           Kings
           preparaetions
           in
           the
           North
           ,
           they
           attempted
           (
           according
           to
           the
           slendernes
           of
           al
           beginnings
           )
           to
           put
           themselves
           into
           a
           posture
           of
           defence
           ,
           and
           exspected
           the
           instructions
           of
           Parliament
           .
           And
           whereas
           the
           Ordinance
           of
           Militia
           was
           the
           first
           pretended
           ground
           of
           difference
           betweene
           his
           Majesty
           and
           the
           Houses
           ,
           (
           they
           desiring
           such
           Officers
           in
           whom
           the
           State
           might
           confide
           ,
           and
           the
           King
           refusing
           to
           deprive
           them
           that
           by
           himselfe
           were
           intrusted
           )
           when
           the
           rent
           was
           once
           made
           ,
           a
           greater
           necessity
           impleaded
           the
           execution
           of
           that
           Ordinance
           :
           Whereupon
           the
           Lord
           Say
           was
           by
           Order
           of
           Parliament
           appointed
           Lord
           Lieutenant
           :
           A
           Commission
           was
           likewise
           granted
           unto
           divers
           Gentlemen
           for
           Deputy
           Lieutenants
           ,
           many
           whereof
           drew
           back
           and
           shunned
           the
           imployment
           ,
           that
           the
           power
           for
           the
           most
           part
           rested
           in
           the
           Members
           of
           the
           House
           of
           Commons
           for
           this
           County
           ,
           by
           whose
           countenance
           many
           Companies
           of
           Volunteers
           were
           raised
           ,
           then
           called
           the
           Militia
           Bands
           ,
           and
           led
           by
           such
           Captaines
           as
           the
           Embryo
           of
           the
           Warre
           could
           afford
           .
           But
           the
           first
           undertaking
           was
           more
           jocund
           then
           the
           progresse
           ;
           as
           oft
           times
           it
           comes
           to
           passe
           ,
           that
           a
           Military
           pompe
           and
           appearance
           
           of
           bravery
           doth
           affect
           and
           raise
           up
           many
           feeble
           spirits
           ,
           who
           quickly
           lye
           flat
           when
           they
           begin
           to
           feele
           the
           stubbornesse
           and
           cruelty
           of
           Warre
           .
        
         
           The
           Commission
           of
           Array
           did
           not
           adventure
           to
           render
           it selfe
           to
           the
           people
           ;
           it
           was
           about
           to
           be
           offered
           to
           their
           liking
           at
           Cirencester
           ,
           by
           the
           Lord
           Chando's
           and
           some
           other
           disaffected
           Gentlemen
           ,
           but
           was
           stifled
           in
           the
           birth
           ,
           and
           crusht
           by
           the
           rude
           hand
           of
           the
           multitude
           before
           it
           saw
           the
           light
           ;
           the
           chiefe
           Abetter
           thereof
           was
           like
           to
           suffer
           violence
           by
           the
           meanest
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           whose
           fury
           constrained
           him
           to
           promise
           ,
           and
           give
           under
           his
           hand
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           never
           more
           deale
           in
           the
           businesse
           .
           But
           when
           they
           saw
           that
           this
           Lord
           had
           escaped
           their
           hands
           by
           a
           secret
           conveyance
           ,
           they
           were
           the
           more
           enraged
           ,
           and
           waxed
           cruell
           against
           his
           Accoutrements
           and
           Furniture
           ,
           and
           whatsoevtr
           of
           his
           was
           left
           behind
           ,
           delighting
           in
           a
           contumelious
           revenge
           and
           rustick
           triumph
           .
           Such
           were
           the
           effects
           of
           that
           fury
           that
           tooke
           hold
           on
           the
           ignoble
           multitude
           ,
           in
           whom
           not
           alwaies
           the
           deepe
           sense
           of
           their
           owne
           interests
           doth
           provoke
           this
           extasie
           of
           passion
           ,
           but
           peradventure
           a
           slighter
           accident
           and
           unexpected
           turning
           of
           the
           fancy
           sets
           them
           in
           a
           hurry
           ,
           when
           their
           insolency
           becomes
           intollerable
           ,
           and
           they
           glory
           to
           vent
           their
           humours
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           an
           usuall
           restraint
           and
           subjection
           .
           Neverthelesse
           they
           have
           produced
           good
           effects
           ,
           and
           oft
           times
           a
           more
           undescerned
           guidance
           of
           superiour
           Agents
           turnes
           them
           to
           the
           terrour
           of
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           and
           an
           unexplecable
           selfe-ingagement
           upon
           the
           common
           people
           ,
           which
           prudent
           men
           promote
           and
           maintaine
           ,
           yet
           no
           farther
           then
           themselves
           can
           over-rule
           and
           moderate
           .
           Hereupon
           the
           full
           streame
           of
           the
           Country
           runnes
           for
           the
           Ordinance
           of
           the
           Militia
           ,
           and
           against
           the
           Kings
           Declarations
           and
           Commission
           of
           Array
           .
           But
           since
           we
           are
           now
           upon
           the
           beginning
           of
           action
           ,
           it
           will
           not
           be
           from
           the
           matter
           to
           declare
           the
           grounds
           of
           that
           affection
           which
           the
           Country
           did
           expresse
           ,
           and
           were
           common
           unto
           them
           with
           many
           parts
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           that
           were
           devoted
           to
           the
           same
           Cause
           ,
           but
           might
           appeare
           in
           a
           greater
           degree
           ,
           and
           have
           a
           clearer
           evidence
           in
           the
           present
           example
           .
           Most
           men
           therefore
           did
           undoubtedly
           
           foresee
           greater
           hopes
           of
           liberty
           from
           the
           Parliament
           then
           the
           Kings
           Party
           ;
           in
           so
           much
           that
           there
           appeared
           in
           all
           the
           States
           adhearents
           an
           inbred
           propensity
           to
           freedome
           ,
           but
           a
           desire
           of
           vast
           Dominion
           ,
           Dignity
           ,
           revenge
           ,
           or
           rapine
           in
           them
           that
           tooke
           to
           the
           contrary
           Faction
           ;
           by
           which
           this
           Country
           did
           seeme
           well
           disposed
           to
           comply
           with
           the
           Parliaments
           grand
           Designe
           :
           for
           there
           was
           no
           excessive
           number
           of
           powerfull
           Gentry
           ,
           who
           for
           the
           most
           part
           care
           not
           to
           render
           themselves
           the
           slaves
           of
           Princes
           ,
           that
           they
           also
           might
           rule
           over
           their
           Neighbours
           as
           Vassalls
           :
           But
           the
           Inhabitants
           consisted
           chiefly
           of
           Yeomen
           ,
           Farmers
           ,
           petty
           Free-holders
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           use
           Manufactures
           that
           enrich
           the
           Country
           ,
           and
           passe
           through
           the
           hands
           of
           a
           multitude
           ,
           a
           generation
           of
           men
           truely
           laborious
           ,
           jealous
           of
           their
           Properties
           ,
           whose
           principall
           ayme
           is
           Liberty
           and
           Plenty
           ,
           and
           whilst
           in
           an
           equall
           ranke
           with
           their
           Neighbours
           they
           desire
           onely
           not
           to
           be
           oppressed
           ,
           and
           account
           themselves
           extreamely
           bound
           to
           the
           world
           ,
           if
           they
           may
           keepe
           their
           owne
           ;
           such
           therefore
           continually
           thwart
           the
           intentions
           of
           tyrannie
           unto
           which
           they
           onely
           are
           moulded
           ,
           who
           detesting
           a
           close
           ,
           hardy
           ,
           and
           industrious
           way
           of
           living
           doe
           eate
           their
           bread
           in
           the
           sweat
           of
           other
           men
           ,
           and
           neglecting
           a
           secure
           estate
           ,
           rejoyce
           rather
           in
           the
           height
           of
           fortune
           though
           inconstant
           and
           dangerous
           .
           Such
           is
           the
           predominant
           humour
           of
           Gentlemen
           in
           a
           corrupted
           age
           .
           Besides
           ,
           the
           Country-man
           had
           of
           his
           owne
           ,
           and
           did
           not
           live
           by
           the
           breath
           of
           his
           great
           Land
           lord
           ;
           neither
           were
           the
           poore
           and
           needy
           at
           the
           will
           of
           the
           Gentry
           ,
           but
           observed
           those
           men
           by
           whom
           those
           Manufactures
           were
           maintained
           that
           kept
           them
           alive
           .
           By
           which
           meanes
           it
           came
           to
           passe
           that
           neither
           they
           of
           the
           middle
           ranke
           ,
           nor
           the
           needy
           were
           de
           voted
           to
           the
           examples
           of
           the
           Gentlemen
           who
           turned
           back
           ,
           betrayed
           their
           trust
           (
           and
           are
           alwaies
           more
           apt
           to
           be
           corrupted
           ,
           or
           mistaken
           in
           judging
           of
           the
           common
           interest
           )
           but
           had
           learned
           to
           reverence
           their
           Liberties
           ,
           and
           to
           acknowledge
           their
           native
           happinesse
           .
        
         
           But
           some
           higher
           cause
           had
           a
           greater
           influence
           on
           the
           
           endeavours
           of
           many
           for
           a
           well-bounded
           Freedome
           ,
           and
           regular
           Priviledges
           ;
           a
           knowledge
           of
           things
           pertaining
           to
           Divine
           Worship
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           maine
           Principles
           of
           the
           Christian
           profession
           .
           Which
           Religion
           is
           not
           according
           to
           the
           will
           of
           man
           but
           grounded
           upon
           an
           unchangeable
           and
           eternall
           Truth
           ,
           and
           doth
           indispensably
           binde
           every
           soule
           to
           one
           Law
           perpetuall
           and
           constant
           .
           This
           therefore
           doth
           strongly
           implead
           the
           necessity
           of
           externall
           priviledges
           in
           her
           Professors
           ,
           and
           though
           it
           doth
           not
           destroy
           the
           Kingdomes
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           nor
           usurpe
           a
           greater
           liberty
           then
           humane
           Lawes
           will
           easily
           grant
           ,
           yet
           it
           will
           not
           give
           away
           its
           native
           right
           ;
           and
           it
           hath
           moreover
           in
           its
           nature
           an
           irreconcileable
           emnity
           against
           Arbitrary
           Government
           ,
           and
           will
           worke
           its
           selfe
           out
           of
           bondage
           when
           the
           felicity
           of
           the
           times
           shall
           give
           power
           and
           a
           lawfull
           call
           .
           And
           in
           this
           kinde
           of
           knowledge
           this
           City
           and
           County
           was
           more
           happy
           then
           many
           other
           parts
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           by
           meanes
           of
           a
           practicall
           Ministry
           ,
           which
           hath
           not
           onely
           its
           powerfull
           working
           in
           Divine
           things
           ,
           but
           doth
           also
           inable
           vulgar
           capacities
           more
           fitly
           to
           apply
           themselves
           to
           such
           things
           as
           cenverne
           the
           life
           of
           a
           morall
           man
           ;
           and
           although
           each
           Person
           thus
           informed
           reacheth
           not
           the
           depth
           of
           the
           reason
           ,
           yet
           he
           can
           comprehend
           the
           truth
           thereof
           ,
           and
           jealousie
           makes
           him
           the
           more
           quick-sighted
           .
           Thus
           have
           we
           found
           that
           the
           common
           people
           addicted
           to
           the
           Kings
           service
           have
           come
           out
           of
           blinde
           Wales
           ,
           and
           other
           dark
           corners
           of
           the
           Land
           ;
           but
           the
           more
           knowing
           are
           apt
           to
           contradict
           and
           question
           ,
           and
           will
           not
           easily
           be
           brought
           to
           the
           bent
           .
           For
           this
           cause
           the
           ambition
           of
           the
           times
           hath
           endeavoured
           the
           undermining
           of
           true
           Religion
           ,
           to
           promote
           a
           blind
           and
           irrationall
           worship
           ,
           that
           might
           bring
           forth
           an
           ignorant
           and
           slavish
           generation
           of
           men
           ,
           which
           kinde
           of
           bondage
           the
           meanest
           person
           that
           performes
           a
           reasonable
           service
           cannot
           but
           resent
           and
           feare
           .
        
         
           Yet
           something
           there
           was
           that
           might
           debase
           and
           infeeble
           their
           spirits
           (
           the
           plague
           and
           mischiefe
           of
           the
           whole
           Realme
           )
           a
           grosse
           ignorance
           ,
           and
           supine
           neglect
           of
           Military
           Discipline
           ,
           
           there
           being
           no
           ground
           for
           the
           study
           and
           exercise
           of
           Armes
           that
           might
           keepe
           the
           body
           of
           the
           State
           in
           health
           and
           vigour
           .
           Nor
           is
           it
           unlikely
           that
           extreame
           vassalage
           was
           the
           end
           of
           that
           long
           sluggish
           Peace
           ,
           when
           the
           Nation
           could
           not
           have
           been
           more
           happy
           ,
           then
           in
           some
           just
           and
           honourable
           warre
           with
           forraigne
           parts
           ,
           though
           now
           none
           more
           miserable
           by
           reason
           of
           these
           civill
           broyles
           ,
           that
           teare
           the
           bowels
           and
           eate
           up
           the
           strength
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           .
           'T
           is
           no
           shame
           in
           the
           progresse
           of
           time
           to
           looke
           backe
           upon
           the
           beginnings
           of
           action
           .
           The
           Trained
           Bands
           accounted
           the
           maine
           support
           of
           the
           Realme
           ,
           and
           Bulworks
           against
           unexpected
           invasions
           ,
           were
           effeminate
           in
           courage
           and
           uncapable
           of
           Discipline
           ,
           because
           their
           whole
           course
           of
           life
           was
           alienated
           from
           warlike
           imployment
           ,
           in
           so
           much
           that
           young
           and
           active
           spirits
           were
           more
           perfect
           by
           the
           experience
           of
           two
           daies
           service
           .
           Wherefore
           these
           men
           might
           easily
           repine
           at
           oppression
           ,
           and
           have
           a
           will
           to
           preserve
           themselves
           ;
           yet
           a
           small
           body
           of
           desperate
           Cavalliers
           might
           over
           runne
           and
           ruine
           them
           at
           their
           pleasure
           .
           Some
           professed
           Souldiers
           were
           sent
           downe
           from
           the
           Parliament
           to
           settle
           these
           and
           the
           Militia
           bands
           ,
           who
           had
           this
           onely
           according
           to
           the
           Rules
           of
           warre
           ,
           to
           be
           gathered
           under
           severall
           Captaines
           ,
           and
           many
           of
           them
           into
           the
           forme
           of
           a
           Regiment
           ,
           which
           disposition
           might
           fit
           them
           for
           a
           suddaine
           service
           ,
           and
           the
           very
           posture
           conferre
           something
           of
           a
           warlike
           spirit
           .
        
         
           Within
           the
           City
           of
           Gloucester
           one
           Company
           of
           Volunteers
           was
           added
           to
           the
           Trayned
           Band
           ,
           and
           some
           Peeces
           of
           Ordinance
           obtained
           from
           London
           and
           Bristoll
           ,
           which
           were
           then
           received
           with
           universall
           amazement
           by
           an
           Inland
           people
           ,
           though
           not
           long
           after
           they
           grew
           familiar
           with
           their
           terrible
           executions
           :
           meane
           while
           the
           City
           was
           open
           on
           three
           parts
           at
           least
           ,
           and
           had
           no
           considerable
           defence
           ,
           onely
           capable
           thereof
           by
           advantage
           of
           scituation
           :
           The
           Citizens
           did
           mainely
           shew
           their
           care
           and
           affection
           in
           fortifying
           the
           Towne
           ,
           a
           worke
           both
           expensive
           and
           tedious
           ;
           being
           of
           great
           compasse
           ,
           and
           raised
           from
           the
           ground
           :
           During
           these
           things
           the
           Enemy
           came
           not
           
           neere
           our
           dwellings
           ,
           we
           heard
           of
           them
           a
           farre
           off
           ,
           but
           little
           thought
           that
           the
           cloud
           of
           blood
           should
           be
           blowne
           from
           the
           North
           and
           settle
           over
           us
           ,
           upon
           whom
           it
           afterwards
           brake
           into
           so
           many
           showres
           ;
           that
           this
           place
           should
           become
           the
           seate
           of
           Warre
           ,
           and
           the
           Stage
           of
           action
           ;
           that
           then
           lying
           open
           to
           a
           free
           commerce
           with
           the
           World
           ,
           it
           should
           be
           shut
           up
           sometimes
           in
           strict
           custody
           ,
           but
           still
           under
           a
           larger
           confinement
           ,
           and
           beleagured
           at
           a
           distance
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           the
           Kings
           head
           Garrisons
           .
        
         
           At
           that
           time
           the
           rumours
           of
           Warre
           and
           first
           acts
           of
           Hostility
           quickly
           filled
           the
           eares
           and
           tongues
           of
           people
           ,
           Alarms
           were
           then
           taken
           at
           a
           greater
           distance
           ,
           and
           the
           first
           was
           given
           from
           the
           neighbour
           City
           of
           Worcester
           ,
           by
           five
           hundred
           of
           the
           Kings
           Horse
           ,
           which
           entred
           the
           Towne
           ,
           and
           at
           that
           season
           were
           not
           the
           least
           part
           of
           his
           Majesties
           forces
           :
           His
           whole
           strength
           could
           not
           amount
           to
           the
           number
           of
           a
           just
           Army
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           slender
           proportion
           of
           those
           times
           ,
           neither
           could
           they
           march
           like
           a
           set
           and
           perfect
           body
           ,
           but
           flasht
           through
           the
           Land
           as
           the
           Lightning
           that
           strikes
           from
           one
           quarter
           of
           the
           Heaven
           to
           the
           other
           .
           The
           noyse
           of
           a
           nearer
           Enemy
           raised
           the
           Volunteers
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           who
           marched
           under
           the
           conduct
           of
           some
           Gentlemen
           towards
           Worcester
           ,
           expecting
           to
           meete
           Colonell
           
             Nathaniel
             Fiennes
          
           with
           a
           strength
           of
           Horse
           ,
           but
           Colonell
           Fiennes
           had
           faced
           the
           Towne
           and
           drawne
           off
           before
           the
           advance
           of
           our
           Foote
           ,
           and
           they
           also
           retreated
           having
           done
           nothing
           ,
           but
           so
           meanely
           prepared
           for
           the
           service
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           much
           bound
           to
           the
           Enemy
           that
           they
           fell
           not
           out
           of
           the
           City
           and
           cut
           them
           in
           peeces
           .
           The
           same
           Volunteers
           came
           on
           the
           second
           time
           ,
           and
           were
           to
           joyne
           once
           more
           with
           Colonell
           Fiennes
           ,
           who
           returned
           with
           a
           greater
           strength
           of
           Horse
           and
           Dragoones
           under
           the
           Command
           of
           Colonell
           Sands
           ,
           and
           now
           also
           prevented
           our
           Foot
           ;
           they
           attempted
           the
           onset
           ,
           and
           approached
           the
           Towne
           with
           much
           speed
           and
           confidence
           on
           the
           Welch
           side
           of
           Seaverne
           ,
           supposing
           the
           Earle
           of
           Essex
           at
           hand
           to
           assault
           the
           other
           side
           ;
           but
           were
           meerely
           deluded
           by
           a
           false
           Message
           from
           the
           Enemy
           
           with
           a
           signall
           accordingly
           given
           ,
           at
           which
           instant
           of
           time
           Prince
           Rupert
           arrived
           at
           Worcester
           .
           By
           meanes
           of
           this
           deceit
           the
           Horse
           rush
           upon
           an
           Ambuscado
           ,
           when
           through
           the
           straightnesse
           of
           the
           passage
           first
           over
           a
           Bridge
           ,
           then
           through
           a
           narrow
           Lane
           ,
           neither
           the
           Reare
           could
           be
           brought
           up
           ,
           nor
           the
           Van
           make
           a
           Retreat
           .
           'T
           was
           an
           hot
           skirmish
           ,
           and
           performed
           with
           sufficient
           gallantry
           on
           our
           part
           by
           them
           that
           came
           up
           ,
           where
           persons
           of
           value
           were
           slaine
           and
           taken
           ,
           the
           rest
           wholly
           routed
           and
           fled
           in
           confusion
           farre
           beyond
           the
           reach
           of
           a
           persuite
           .
           This
           Victory
           was
           of
           great
           consequence
           to
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           because
           the
           Omen
           and
           first
           fruits
           of
           the
           warre
           .
           Upon
           this
           the
           Kings
           forces
           hearing
           of
           the
           approach
           of
           the
           Parliament
           Army
           immediately
           quitted
           the
           Towne
           :
           so
           they
           shifted
           from
           place
           to
           place
           since
           their
           inconsiderable
           number
           would
           scarce
           allow
           them
           to
           erect
           any
           Garrison
           ;
           yet
           they
           encreased
           by
           their
           motion
           and
           quick
           dispatch
           ,
           gathered
           the
           strength
           of
           the
           Countries
           as
           they
           passed
           along
           ,
           and
           withall
           overcame
           the
           contempt
           of
           their
           small
           numbers
           ,
           and
           by
           frequent
           execution
           gained
           the
           repute
           of
           a
           Party
           not
           easily
           to
           be
           vanquished
           .
           This
           they
           acted
           while
           the
           Parliament
           Army
           lay
           still
           ,
           or
           marched
           according
           to
           the
           slow
           paces
           of
           a
           greater
           Body
           .
           The
           day
           after
           the
           Skirmish
           the
           Earle
           of
           Essex
           entred
           Worcester
           with
           his
           whole
           Power
           ,
           and
           there
           continued
           a
           moneths
           space
           ,
           sent
           forth
           severall
           Parties
           ,
           as
           the
           Lord
           Stanford
           to
           Hereford
           to
           prevent
           the
           Forces
           of
           South-wales
           ,
           whilst
           the
           King
           lay
           about
           Shrewsbury
           ,
           and
           raised
           himselfe
           to
           such
           an
           Army
           as
           was
           able
           to
           deale
           with
           and
           endanger
           that
           maine
           power
           raised
           by
           the
           Parliament
           .
        
         
           After
           the
           famous
           Battaile
           at
           Edge-hill
           ,
           the
           first
           large
           field
           of
           bloud
           in
           these
           Civill
           Warres
           ,
           though
           the
           Kings
           Army
           was
           there
           much
           broken
           ,
           yet
           his
           strength
           increased
           ,
           and
           multitudes
           began
           to
           looke
           towards
           him
           ,
           as
           one
           at
           least-wise
           possible
           not
           to
           be
           overcome
           ,
           and
           in
           this
           strange
           confluence
           of
           men
           His
           Army
           seemed
           like
           that
           fabulous
           generation
           that
           sprung
           out
           of
           the
           teeth
           of
           the
           Cadmean
           Serpent
           buried
           in
           the
           earth
           .
           The
           neglected
           Enemy
           becomes
           formidable
           ,
           and
           the
           
           Parliament
           Forces
           may
           desire
           their
           first
           advantage
           ,
           but
           have
           sufficiently
           learned
           that
           to
           give
           the
           first
           blow
           is
           not
           against
           the
           Law
           of
           a
           defensive
           warre
           ;
           the
           hopes
           of
           a
           subitaneous
           service
           are
           lost
           and
           the
           Kingdome
           is
           made
           sensible
           ,
           that
           their
           peace
           and
           liberty
           will
           cost
           much
           bloud
           .
           Both
           the
           Armies
           begin
           to
           take
           up
           their
           winter
           quarters
           in
           the
           most
           defensible
           places
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           most
           part
           are
           setled
           according
           to
           the
           affections
           and
           ingagements
           of
           the
           people
           ;
           Colonell
           
             Thomas
             Essex
          
           marched
           into
           Gloucester
           with
           the
           Command
           of
           two
           Regiments
           of
           Foote
           as
           Governour
           of
           the
           Towne
           ,
           but
           as
           yet
           the
           Deputy
           Lieutenants
           had
           the
           sole
           Command
           of
           the
           County
           .
           Foure
           weekes
           had
           not
           passed
           in
           this
           Government
           but
           Colonell
           Essex
           was
           commanded
           to
           Bristoll
           ,
           to
           secure
           and
           settle
           that
           City
           of
           so
           great
           concernment
           ,
           both
           by
           Sea
           and
           Land
           ,
           and
           at
           that
           time
           much
           distracted
           between
           the
           well-affected
           and
           malignant
           parties
           .
           So
           it
           was
           ,
           that
           the
           Kings
           Cause
           and
           Party
           were
           favoured
           by
           two
           extreames
           in
           that
           City
           ;
           the
           one
           the
           wealthy
           and
           powerfull
           men
           ,
           the
           other
           of
           the
           basest
           and
           lowest
           sort
           ,
           but
           disgusted
           by
           the
           middle
           ranke
           ,
           the
           true
           and
           best
           Citizens
           .
           Thus
           the
           present
           state
           of
           things
           had
           taught
           men
           to
           distinguish
           between
           the
           true
           Commons
           of
           the
           Realme
           and
           the
           dreggs
           of
           the
           people
           ;
           the
           one
           the
           most
           vehement
           assertors
           of
           Publicke
           Liberty
           ,
           but
           the
           other
           the
           first
           rise
           of
           Tyrannicall
           Government
           ,
           and
           the
           foot-stoole
           upon
           which
           Princes
           tread
           when
           they
           ascend
           the
           height
           of
           Monarchy
           .
           In
           that
           City
           many
           of
           the
           rich
           men
           were
           dis-affected
           to
           reformed
           Religion
           ,
           and
           some
           more
           powerfull
           were
           conscious
           of
           delinquency
           ;
           others
           upbrayded
           themselves
           with
           their
           owne
           publicke
           disgrace
           ,
           and
           therefore
           did
           much
           distaste
           the
           waies
           of
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           the
           needy
           multitude
           besides
           their
           naturall
           hatred
           of
           good
           Order
           were
           at
           the
           devotion
           of
           the
           rich
           men
           .
           These
           therefore
           began
           to
           raise
           Commotions
           ,
           and
           hearing
           of
           the
           advance
           of
           the
           Forces
           from
           Gloucester
           ,
           flocked
           together
           after
           a
           tumultuary
           manner
           ,
           shut
           up
           the
           Gates
           ,
           but
           chiefly
           guarded
           that
           Port
           where
           they
           expected
           an
           entrance
           would
           be
           made
           ,
           and
           planted
           many
           Ordnance
           
           against
           the
           approach
           of
           our
           men
           ,
           with
           a
           full
           resolution
           to
           fire
           upon
           them
           .
           They
           were
           expected
           in
           the
           Evening
           ,
           but
           Colonell
           Essex
           had
           intelligence
           of
           these
           preparations
           ,
           and
           from
           a
           Party
           within
           was
           directed
           that
           night
           to
           march
           to
           another
           Gate
           (
           then
           neglected
           by
           the
           multitude
           )
           that
           should
           be
           set
           open
           ;
           this
           was
           performed
           accordingly
           ,
           and
           betimes
           in
           the
           morning
           he
           entred
           the
           City
           with
           his
           two
           Regiments
           ,
           besides
           great
           numbers
           out
           of
           this
           County
           ,
           and
           in
           an
           instant
           surprized
           the
           mutineers
           ,
           and
           quashed
           the
           businesse
           without
           drawing
           of
           bloud
           .
        
         
           The
           City
           of
           Gloucester
           was
           againe
           left
           naked
           till
           the
           Earle
           of
           Stamford
           marched
           hither
           with
           his
           Regiment
           of
           Foot
           ,
           and
           two
           Troopes
           of
           Horse
           from
           Hereford
           ,
           the
           Earle
           himselfe
           was
           commanded
           into
           the
           West
           upon
           his
           first
           arrivall
           ,
           but
           his
           Regiment
           designed
           for
           this
           City
           under
           the
           command
           of
           Lieutenant
           Colonell
           Massie
           ,
           first
           as
           Deputy
           Governour
           under
           the
           Lord
           Stamford
           ,
           afterwards
           with
           the
           power
           in
           himselfe
           which
           for
           the
           space
           of
           two
           yeares
           and
           sixe
           moneths
           continued
           an
           uninterupted
           and
           happy
           Government
           .
           The
           providence
           of
           God
           and
           the
           felicity
           of
           the
           place
           so
           over-ruling
           ,
           that
           that
           Country
           which
           should
           endure
           the
           brunt
           ,
           fustaine
           so
           many
           violent
           shocks
           ,
           and
           beare
           up
           under
           the
           Kings
           whole
           Army
           should
           be
           defended
           by
           a
           Commander
           ,
           whose
           experience
           ,
           fidelity
           ,
           and
           valour
           with
           indefatigable
           care
           and
           industry
           might
           answer
           the
           expectation
           of
           so
           great
           a
           trust
           ,
           assisted
           with
           that
           Regiment
           ,
           whose
           very
           name
           proved
           a
           terrour
           to
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           and
           long
           enjoyed
           the
           honour
           of
           the
           most
           ancient
           Regiment
           in
           the
           Parliament
           Army
           ,
           though
           broken
           ,
           torne
           ,
           and
           worne
           out
           with
           extraordinary
           duty
           and
           service
           .
           And
           because
           the
           meere
           pompe
           of
           Military
           preparations
           ,
           and
           the
           hopes
           of
           a
           sudden
           Victory
           being
           now
           past
           ,
           the
           warre
           hath
           put
           on
           a
           blacker
           visage
           ,
           and
           the
           sad
           effects
           thereof
           come
           home
           to
           these
           parts
           ;
           it
           is
           meete
           to
           expresse
           what
           was
           the
           state
           of
           the
           Country
           at
           that
           time
           .
           The
           inhabitants
           of
           this
           County
           had
           openly
           engaged
           themselves
           in
           the
           State
           
           service
           ,
           nor
           as
           yet
           had
           they
           any
           thought
           of
           repenting
           ,
           though
           cast
           into
           the
           midst
           of
           an
           inraged
           Enemy
           .
           Oxford
           is
           the
           Kings
           head
           Garrison
           ,
           Herefordshire
           possessed
           by
           his
           Forces
           upon
           the
           first
           removall
           of
           the
           Earle
           of
           Stamford
           into
           
             Gloucester
             ;
             Worcester
          
           hath
           already
           entertained
           a
           strength
           ,
           Wales
           rise
           on
           the
           Kings
           behalfe
           by
           the
           power
           of
           the
           Lord
           Herbert
           :
           the
           Earle
           of
           Essex
           with
           his
           Army
           is
           drawne
           towards
           London
           ,
           the
           Parliament
           Forces
           in
           the
           West
           have
           their
           hands
           full
           ;
           and
           there
           remaine
           in
           these
           parts
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           onely
           two
           broken
           Regiments
           at
           Bristoll
           ,
           which
           was
           much
           distracted
           by
           intestine
           divisions
           ,
           and
           one
           Regiment
           at
           Gloucester
           ;
           so
           that
           the
           most
           slender
           Guard
           was
           left
           upon
           these
           parts
           ,
           where
           the
           Enemy
           resolved
           their
           chiefe
           game
           for
           the
           winter
           action
           .
           And
           if
           this
           Country
           must
           be
           preserved
           ,
           it
           must
           be
           done
           by
           the
           Volunteers
           ,
           which
           were
           yet
           as
           a
           Cake
           not
           turned
           ,
           a
           kinde
           of
           Souldiers
           not
           wholly
           drawn
           off
           from
           the
           Plow
           or
           domesticke
           imployments
           ,
           having
           neither
           resolution
           nor
           support
           suitable
           to
           the
           service
           :
           But
           the
           greatest
           defect
           was
           the
           want
           of
           able
           and
           experienced
           Officers
           ;
           neither
           had
           they
           any
           Commander
           in
           chiefe
           upon
           whom
           the
           hearts
           of
           the
           people
           might
           fasten
           .
        
         
           Amidst
           these
           things
           the
           strength
           of
           the
           County
           was
           drawne
           to
           Cirencester
           a
           fronteer
           Towne
           towards
           the
           Kings
           head
           quarters
           ,
           then
           made
           a
           Garrison
           to
           prevent
           the
           incursions
           of
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           as
           well
           to
           preserve
           the
           Country
           from
           ruine
           as
           to
           advance
           the
           Publicke
           Service
           ;
           Colonell
           Fettiplace
           had
           the
           Command
           of
           this
           Garrison
           ,
           under
           whom
           some
           Traine
           Bands
           and
           Volunteers
           were
           drawne
           into
           a
           Regiment
           ,
           and
           two
           Companies
           of
           the
           Lord
           Stamfords
           Regiment
           were
           added
           to
           incourage
           the
           businesse
           :
           a
           few
           Horse
           and
           Dragoones
           were
           raised
           at
           the
           free
           charge
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Militia
           were
           to
           assist
           upon
           all
           appearance
           of
           danger
           :
           all
           things
           were
           trans-acted
           in
           a
           more
           voluntary
           ,
           but
           lesse
           
           regular
           way
           .
           The
           businesse
           chiefly
           rested
           on
           Sir
           
             Robert
             Coske
          
           ,
           Sir
           
             John
             Seamore
          
           ,
           Master
           
             Natbaniel
             Stephens
          
           ,
           Master
           
             Edward
             Stephens
          
           ,
           Master
           
             Thomas
             Hodges
          
           ,
           with
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Deputy
           Lieutenants
           ;
           and
           setting
           aside
           these
           men
           with
           some
           gleanings
           of
           the
           Gentry
           ,
           the
           Yeomen
           ,
           Farmers
           ,
           Cloathiers
           ,
           and
           the
           whole
           middle
           ranke
           of
           the
           people
           were
           the
           onely
           active
           men
           .
           The
           Gentlemen
           in
           generall
           denyed
           their
           concurrence
           ,
           discerting
           their
           Country
           either
           by
           open
           enmity
           or
           detestable
           neutrality
           ;
           and
           from
           the
           Major
           part
           no
           better
           fruite
           was
           to
           be
           looked
           for
           in
           a
           degenerate
           Age
           ,
           when
           in
           many
           of
           them
           there
           appeared
           an
           hatred
           of
           the
           Commons
           ,
           and
           a
           strong
           disposition
           to
           the
           ends
           of
           Tyranny
           .
           Others
           there
           were
           not
           wholly
           averse
           from
           the
           good
           of
           the
           Common-wealth
           ,
           whose
           enmity
           was
           grounded
           in
           Religion
           ,
           which
           obtained
           the
           most
           eminent
           place
           in
           the
           Parliaments
           Cause
           .
           The
           superstitious
           adoring
           of
           their
           old
           way
           imbittered
           their
           spirits
           against
           reformed
           Religion
           ,
           which
           to
           them
           seemed
           a
           peevish
           affectation
           of
           novelty
           ,
           besides
           ,
           the
           hatred
           and
           feare
           of
           Ecclesiasticall
           Discipline
           .
           But
           the
           greatest
           number
           neither
           driven
           by
           ambition
           ,
           nor
           the
           spirit
           of
           blind
           zeale
           ,
           onely
           resolving
           to
           be
           true
           to
           themselves
           ,
           deserted
           the
           State
           with
           some
           inclinations
           to
           the
           contrary
           Faction
           ,
           reflecting
           on
           their
           estates
           invironed
           with
           the
           Kings
           Country
           ,
           neare
           the
           heart
           of
           his
           strength
           and
           farre
           from
           Parliamentary
           supplies
           ;
           besides
           ,
           the
           violence
           and
           quicke
           dispatch
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           with
           the
           slow
           performances
           of
           our
           Country
           Agents
           after
           the
           space
           of
           an
           ordinary
           legall
           course
           in
           those
           extremities
           ,
           did
           much
           deterre
           them
           ;
           the
           Country
           complained
           of
           their
           principall
           men
           for
           the
           neglect
           of
           Taxes
           ,
           and
           the
           Gentlemen
           might
           happily
           see
           the
           grudgings
           of
           the
           Country
           in
           the
           payment
           of
           those
           Taxes
           (
           for
           the
           common
           people
           are
           alwaies
           covetous
           though
           well-affected
           )
           and
           forbeare
           to
           urge
           whatsoever
           might
           distaste
           the
           people
           ,
           or
           crosse
           the
           Parliaments
           accustomed
           moderation
           .
           Which
           slow
           deliberations
           did
           lessen
           the
           esteem
           of
           the
           service
           in
           the
           hearts
           of
           many
           .
        
         
         
           The
           secession
           of
           the
           dis-afiected
           Gentlemen
           did
           cast
           an
           aspe●sion
           that
           could
           not
           sticke
           ,
           that
           the
           businesse
           was
           dese●ted
           by
           knowing
           men
           ,
           and
           prosecuted
           by
           a
           rash
           and
           confused
           multitude
           .
           Whereas
           by
           no
           one
           thing
           could
           it
           more
           evidently
           appeare
           to
           be
           the
           Cause
           of
           the
           Common-wealth
           then
           by
           the
           acknowledgement
           of
           the
           whole
           Body
           of
           the
           Commons
           ,
           which
           is
           more
           honest
           and
           wise
           in
           things
           of
           publicke
           concernement
           ;
           for
           though
           they
           be
           very
           weake
           one
           by
           one
           ,
           yet
           brought
           together
           they
           ballance
           each
           other
           ,
           and
           when
           no
           man
           hath
           power
           to
           impropriate
           much
           ,
           each
           man
           expects
           onely
           a
           proportionable
           share
           in
           the
           Publicke
           interest
           .
           Neither
           is
           their
           judgement
           and
           fore-sight
           to
           be
           undervalued
           who
           are
           apt
           to
           discerne
           any
           thing
           that
           concernes
           themselves
           ,
           and
           being
           united
           are
           not
           like
           to
           faile
           ,
           for
           they
           have
           the
           best
           experience
           and
           are
           neerely
           affected
           with
           the
           woe
           or
           weale
           of
           the
           State
           ,
           and
           so
           may
           sometimes
           judge
           better
           then
           those
           that
           guide
           it
           ,
           as
           he
           that
           useth
           the
           house
           can
           better
           judge
           thereof
           then
           the
           Builder
           ,
           and
           the
           Pilate
           of
           the
           Sterne
           then
           the
           Carpenter
           .
           And
           although
           they
           have
           not
           the
           first
           and
           most
           excellent
           part
           of
           knowledge
           to
           finde
           out
           ,
           and
           by
           themselves
           to
           understand
           the
           rules
           of
           Government
           ,
           yet
           have
           they
           the
           second
           part
           ,
           which
           is
           also
           excellent
           to
           judge
           aright
           of
           things
           proposed
           ,
           and
           if
           not
           made
           fit
           for
           the
           yoke
           by
           dependence
           on
           the
           Gentry
           ,
           can
           discover
           the
           fraud
           that
           lyes
           under
           the
           fairest
           pretext
           ;
           but
           the
           Gentlemen
           by
           depriving
           the
           meaner
           people
           of
           their
           due
           protection
           ,
           blemished
           the
           reputation
           of
           their
           Families
           ,
           and
           crossed
           the
           end
           of
           their
           honours
           and
           possessions
           ,
           which
           in
           a
           well
           ordered
           State
           are
           given
           for
           a
           shelter
           to
           the
           under
           shrubs
           that
           some
           generous
           spirit
           neerer
           the
           Commons
           might
           keepe
           off
           the
           invasion
           of
           Princes
           ,
           and
           whose
           power
           was
           most
           desired
           in
           such
           an
           exegence
           ,
           to
           gather
           up
           the
           scatterings
           of
           the
           people
           and
           keepe
           them
           united
           ,
           who
           for
           want
           of
           this
           concurrence
           were
           of
           lesse
           strength
           and
           vigour
           .
        
         
         
           Such
           was
           the
           face
           of
           this
           Country
           now
           ready
           to
           receive
           the
           first
           shocke
           of
           the
           Enemies
           fury
           .
           About
           the
           first
           of
           January
           ,
           1642.
           the
           maine
           strength
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           came
           before
           Cirencester
           prepared
           and
           resolved
           to
           storme
           it
           ,
           yet
           they
           onely
           faced
           the
           Towne
           ,
           and
           after
           two
           daies
           were
           strangely
           taken
           off
           ,
           either
           disabled
           by
           the
           extreame
           cold
           on
           the
           Hills
           ,
           or
           some
           suddaine
           misfortune
           ,
           or
           daunted
           by
           the
           shew
           of
           unanimity
           and
           resolution
           in
           the
           people
           ,
           or
           else
           clouded
           in
           their
           thoughts
           by
           the
           secret
           Will
           of
           God
           in
           the
           nick
           of
           action
           ,
           that
           they
           made
           not
           the
           least
           attempt
           ,
           but
           threatned
           an
           afterclap
           .
           A
           few
           daies
           after
           our
           forces
           had
           their
           designe
           upon
           Sudely
           Castle
           ,
           at
           that
           time
           kept
           by
           Captaine
           Bridges
           in
           the
           behalfe
           of
           the
           Lord
           Chandos
           .
           Leiutenant
           Colonell
           Massie
           was
           intrusted
           with
           the
           manage
           of
           this
           action
           ,
           who
           drew
           from
           Gloucester
           a
           Party
           of
           three
           hundred
           Musketteers
           ,
           with
           two
           Sakres
           assisted
           with
           fourescore
           Horse
           ,
           and
           foure
           Companies
           of
           Dragoones
           from
           Cirencester
           by
           order
           of
           a
           Counsell
           of
           Warre
           held
           there
           ,
           and
           consent
           of
           the
           Deputy
           Lieutenants
           ;
           there
           were
           in
           the
           Castle
           neere
           threescore
           Souldiers
           ,
           with
           Provision
           and
           Ammunition
           sufficient
           :
           Our
           men
           drew
           up
           before
           it
           in
           the
           Evening
           ,
           made
           severall
           shots
           ,
           and
           the
           Canon
           did
           some
           Execution
           ;
           the
           same
           night
           summons
           was
           given
           ,
           the
           enemy
           refused
           to
           render
           upon
           quarter
           ,
           but
           craved
           time
           till
           the
           next
           day
           ,
           which
           in
           part
           was
           granted
           ;
           Guards
           were
           set
           upon
           them
           all
           night
           ,
           the
           next
           morning
           our
           men
           were
           drawne
           out
           to
           make
           an
           assault
           ,
           Beds
           and
           Wooll-packs
           were
           fetched
           out
           of
           the
           Neighbourhood
           ,
           which
           they
           tumbled
           before
           ,
           and
           saved
           themselves
           from
           shot
           :
           the
           Horse
           and
           Dragoones
           came
           up
           before
           the
           foot
           approached
           the
           wall
           ,
           and
           possest
           themselves
           of
           a
           Garden
           under
           the
           Castle
           ,
           and
           got
           Hay
           and
           Straw
           which
           they
           fired
           ,
           that
           the
           smoake
           driven
           by
           the
           wind
           smothered
           the
           house
           ,
           in
           the
           shadow
           of
           which
           the
           Ordnance
           were
           brought
           up
           undiscovered
           ,
           and
           planted
           against
           the
           weakest
           part
           of
           the
           Castle
           ,
           which
           when
           the
           enemy
           perceived
           they
           sounded
           a
           parley
           ,
           and
           immediately
           rendred
           upon
           agreement
           ;
           the
           conditions
           were
           that
           all
           might
           have
           liberty
           of
           
           person
           ,
           and
           passe
           to
           their
           owne
           houses
           leaving
           their
           Armes
           behind
           ,
           and
           taking
           an
           Oath
           never
           to
           serve
           against
           the
           Parliament
           :
           they
           compounded
           also
           for
           the
           goods
           in
           the
           house
           ,
           for
           which
           they
           were
           to
           pay
           five
           hundred
           pounds
           within
           sixe
           daies
           ,
           or
           to
           leave
           them
           a
           free
           prize
           to
           the
           Souldiers
           .
        
         
           Within
           two
           daies
           after
           Prince
           Rupert
           faced
           Sudely
           with
           about
           foure
           thousand
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           pretending
           an
           attempt
           to
           regaine
           it
           ,
           but
           in
           the
           meane
           time
           marched
           his
           Artilery
           towards
           Cirencester
           .
           Lieutenant
           Colonell
           Massie
           made
           provision
           to
           maintaine
           the
           Castle
           by
           taking
           in
           water
           ,
           and
           store
           of
           Hay
           and
           Corne
           ,
           and
           having
           left
           there
           Lieutenant
           Colonell
           Forbes
           with
           a
           sufficient
           Guard
           ,
           himselfe
           retreated
           to
           Gloucester
           ;
           the
           Prince
           with
           his
           Forces
           kept
           the
           Hills
           ,
           and
           after
           three
           daies
           fell
           before
           Cirencester
           a
           stragling
           and
           open
           Towne
           ,
           neither
           well
           fortified
           nor
           capable
           of
           defence
           .
           The
           champaine
           Country
           round
           about
           was
           most
           advantagious
           to
           the
           Horse
           ,
           in
           which
           the
           Enemies
           strength
           did
           chiefly
           consist
           ,
           and
           which
           was
           then
           wholly
           wanting
           to
           that
           Garrison
           ,
           for
           their
           Horse
           and
           Dragoones
           were
           sent
           to
           the
           taking
           of
           Sudely
           :
           most
           of
           their
           Officers
           were
           drawne
           out
           upon
           that
           service
           except
           the
           Captaines
           of
           the
           Volunteers
           ,
           and
           Lieutenant
           Colonell
           Karre
           was
           the
           onely
           experienced
           Souldier
           left
           there
           :
           their
           Canoneers
           were
           wanting
           ,
           the
           common
           Souldiers
           quite
           off
           the
           hinges
           either
           cowardly
           or
           mutinous
           .
           The
           storme
           rose
           when
           least
           feared
           by
           the
           miserable
           people
           ,
           who
           had
           not
           ended
           the
           joy
           of
           their
           late
           deliverance
           from
           as
           great
           a
           power
           but
           strangely
           diverted
           ;
           and
           though
           they
           were
           still
           in
           the
           same
           danger
           upon
           the
           reverse
           of
           the
           Army
           ,
           yet
           were
           they
           not
           capable
           of
           the
           least
           distrust
           ,
           till
           the
           storme
           hovered
           againe
           ,
           either
           supposing
           themselves
           invincible
           ,
           or
           by
           defiance
           to
           have
           bafled
           a
           wary
           Enemy
           ,
           that
           falls
           backe
           and
           waites
           his
           time
           to
           returne
           with
           greater
           fury
           .
           On
           the
           second
           of
           February
           the
           Towne
           was
           assaulted
           and
           taken
           ;
           the
           first
           and
           maine
           assault
           was
           made
           on
           a
           house
           a
           flight
           shot
           from
           the
           Town
           ,
           which
           was
           defended
           by
           a
           hundred
           Musketeers
           for
           an
           houres
           space
           against
           two
           Regiments
           of
           Foot
           ,
           and
           a
           Regiment
           of
           Horse
           which
           were
           
           led
           on
           by
           the
           Prince
           ,
           till
           at
           length
           having
           drawne
           up
           their
           Musketeers
           ,
           and
           by
           Granadoes
           fired
           the
           Barnes
           and
           Ricks
           and
           smoothered
           the
           Guard
           ,
           the
           Enemies
           Horse
           drove
           their
           Foote
           before
           them
           ,
           entred
           the
           streetes
           by
           maine
           force
           ,
           and
           possest
           themselves
           of
           the
           Garrison
           within
           two
           houres
           ,
           yet
           it
           cost
           them
           the
           lives
           of
           many
           ,
           amongst
           whom
           the
           Welch-men
           were
           reported
           to
           suffer
           the
           greatest
           slaughter
           ,
           who
           in
           that
           Army
           were
           a
           continuall
           sacrifice
           to
           the
           Sword.
           Each
           Guard
           made
           resistance
           according
           to
           the
           Officers
           valour
           and
           experience
           ;
           the
           Souldiers
           of
           the
           Earle
           of
           Stamfords
           Regiment
           had
           acted
           the
           best
           part
           but
           that
           they
           were
           most
           put
           to
           the
           sword
           when
           the
           Towne
           was
           entred
           ,
           except
           those
           that
           by
           flight
           had
           their
           lives
           given
           them
           for
           a
           prey
           .
           Some
           few
           besides
           defended
           their
           Guards
           a
           while
           ,
           but
           the
           passages
           were
           many
           and
           open
           ,
           and
           the
           enemy
           soone
           came
           upon
           their
           backes
           ;
           as
           for
           the
           Country-men
           their
           houre
           was
           not
           yet
           come
           ,
           neither
           had
           they
           quitted
           such
           imployment
           as
           did
           infeeble
           their
           spirits
           ,
           nor
           entred
           the
           Schoole
           of
           War
           to
           study
           indignation
           ,
           revenge
           and
           bloud
           ,
           that
           alone
           can
           overcome
           the
           terrour
           of
           an
           Army
           .
        
         
           It
           so
           fell
           out
           that
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           the
           service
           they
           were
           at
           their
           wits
           end
           ,
           and
           stood
           like
           men
           amazed
           ,
           feare
           bereft
           them
           of
           understanding
           and
           memory
           ,
           begat
           confusion
           in
           the
           minde
           within
           ,
           and
           the
           thronging
           throughts
           did
           oppresse
           and
           stop
           the
           course
           of
           action
           that
           they
           were
           busied
           in
           everything
           but
           could
           bring
           forth
           nothing
           ;
           few
           of
           ours
           were
           slaine
           in
           the
           fight
           ,
           but
           many
           murthered
           after
           the
           taking
           of
           the
           Towne
           ,
           eleaven
           hundred
           taken
           prisoners
           and
           at
           least
           two
           thousand
           Armes
           lost
           ,
           which
           the
           Country
           had
           there
           laid
           up
           as
           in
           a
           secure
           Magazine
           ;
           the
           miserable
           Captives
           were
           entertained
           with
           all
           despight
           and
           contumely
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Enemies
           accustomed
           cruelty
           in
           the
           beginning
           of
           the
           warre
           ;
           Commanders
           and
           Gentlemen
           had
           no
           better
           quarter
           then
           the
           common
           Souldiers
           ,
           but
           were
           all
           thrust
           into
           the
           Church
           to
           be
           reserved
           for
           a
           triumph
           ,
           and
           trampled
           upon
           in
           a
           base
           and
           impotent
           revenge
           :
           whether
           the
           first
           fury
           of
           a
           civill
           warre
           ,
           and
           the
           jarres
           of
           Brethren
           prove
           most
           outragious
           ,
           or
           the
           
           cause
           of
           Religion
           had
           blouded
           their
           minds
           .
           Not
           a
           man
           could
           be
           released
           ,
           though
           the
           price
           of
           his
           redemption
           were
           paid
           ,
           till
           he
           had
           first
           attended
           the
           triumph
           at
           Oxford
           ;
           that
           an
           unfortunate
           King
           might
           view
           the
           aspect
           of
           such
           innocent
           Subjects
           ,
           that
           should
           presume
           to
           claime
           those
           rights
           wherein
           they
           were
           borne
           when
           reason
           might
           easily
           evince
           that
           no
           slight
           matter
           could
           engage
           such
           a
           people
           in
           a
           open
           warre
           as
           were
           ever
           willing
           to
           deceive
           themselves
           into
           a
           Supererrogation
           of
           Loyalty
           .
        
         
           The
           whole
           Country
           was
           quickly
           full
           of
           this
           disaster
           ,
           and
           in
           vaine
           did
           thinke
           to
           recover
           what
           was
           lost
           by
           weakenesse
           of
           spirit
           or
           errour
           in
           the
           chiefe
           manage
           of
           the
           businesse
           ;
           thousands
           of
           men
           armed
           and
           unarmed
           flocked
           together
           ,
           and
           resolved
           to
           undertake
           the
           Enemy
           under
           the
           conduct
           of
           a
           grave
           and
           well-minded
           Patriot
           ;
           but
           the
           desired
           Leader
           was
           conscious
           of
           the
           peoples
           madnesse
           ,
           and
           knew
           well
           that
           they
           made
           a
           loude
           cry
           a
           farre
           off
           ,
           but
           if
           once
           brought
           up
           to
           the
           face
           of
           the
           Army
           they
           would
           never
           abide
           the
           fury
           of
           the
           first
           onset
           .
           Wherefore
           he
           refused
           to
           engage
           himselfe
           and
           them
           upon
           a
           certaine
           destruction
           ;
           neverthelesse
           the
           people
           bitterly
           railed
           against
           him
           ,
           and
           curst
           him
           as
           a
           Traitor
           to
           his
           Country
           ;
           neither
           could
           the
           experience
           of
           these
           times
           dispossesse
           them
           of
           that
           absurd
           conceite
           .
        
         
           The
           very
           next
           day
           after
           the
           losse
           of
           Cirencester
           the
           City
           of
           Gloucester
           was
           demanded
           by
           Prince
           Rupert
           ,
           the
           Summons
           found
           the
           people
           extreamely
           dashed
           at
           the
           strange
           turning
           of
           things
           ,
           and
           so
           much
           amazed
           that
           they
           could
           not
           credit
           the
           report
           of
           this
           blow
           ,
           though
           confirmed
           by
           sundry
           eye-witnesses
           ;
           the
           hearts
           of
           many
           sunke
           very
           low
           and
           began
           to
           lye
           flat
           ,
           Zeale
           and
           Religion
           upheld
           some
           ,
           all
           had
           a
           kinde
           of
           will
           ;
           but
           the
           strong
           sidelity
           and
           resolution
           of
           the
           Souldier
           at
           that
           time
           ,
           and
           in
           all
           extreame
           hazards
           upheld
           the
           Garrison
           .
           The
           Prince
           therefore
           received
           a
           short
           answer
           from
           Lieuten
           ant
           Colonell
           Massie
           and
           the
           principall
           Officers
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           resolved
           with
           their
           lives
           and
           fortunes
           to
           defend
           the
           City
           for
           the
           use
           of
           the
           King
           and
           Parliament
           ,
           
           and
           in
           no
           wise
           would
           surrender
           at
           the
           demand
           of
           a
           forraigne
           Prince
           .
           Another
           answer
           was
           returned
           from
           the
           Mayor
           of
           the
           City
           (
           for
           the
           Martiall
           Command
           was
           not
           fully
           setled
           )
           that
           he
           was
           resolved
           according
           to
           his
           Oath
           and
           Allegiance
           to
           keepe
           the
           City
           in
           his
           Majesties
           behoose
           ,
           and
           would
           not
           deliver
           the
           same
           according
           to
           this
           summons
           .
           Whereupon
           a
           second
           summons
           was
           sent
           from
           the
           Prince
           ,
           which
           could
           not
           alter
           the
           case
           in
           their
           judgement
           who
           held
           the
           Towne
           ,
           and
           seeming
           withall
           to
           perswade
           and
           solicite
           them
           out
           of
           their
           Hold
           ,
           did
           easily
           beget
           an
           opinion
           of
           the
           Enemies
           weakenesse
           and
           their
           owne
           considerable
           strength
           ,
           since
           neither
           Religion
           nor
           modesty
           could
           with-hold
           from
           bloud
           that
           enraged
           Party
           ,
           but
           onely
           the
           conscience
           of
           a
           selfe
           insufficiency
           ;
           the
           Souldier
           therefore
           began
           to
           acknowledge
           the
           remainder
           of
           power
           which
           did
           not
           appeare
           contemptible
           with
           the
           Kings
           Army
           .
        
         
           Hitherto
           the
           City
           hath
           been
           lodged
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           many
           out
           Garrisons
           as
           the
           heart
           in
           the
           body
           ,
           but
           now
           it
           hath
           enough
           to
           doe
           in
           its
           owne
           safety
           ,
           and
           the
           remote
           parts
           must
           be
           pared
           off
           that
           a
           liberall
           nourishment
           might
           preserve
           and
           foster
           that
           place
           which
           was
           the
           seate
           and
           fountain
           of
           life
           unto
           these
           parts
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           .
           
             Sudeley
             Castle
          
           was
           deserted
           ,
           the
           Garrison
           of
           Tewksbury
           (
           which
           was
           defended
           onely
           with
           such
           slender
           Forces
           as
           Gloucester
           could
           spare
           out
           of
           its
           penury
           before
           the
           Enemy
           fell
           on
           the
           County
           )
           was
           already
           surprised
           with
           feare
           ;
           both
           places
           could
           not
           be
           maintained
           when
           so
           great
           a
           power
           did
           urge
           ,
           and
           heare
           downe
           on
           every
           side
           .
           Those
           of
           Tewksbury
           sent
           an
           expresse
           to
           the
           City
           to
           informe
           them
           of
           the
           State
           of
           their
           Towne
           ,
           and
           to
           request
           more
           aide
           ;
           likewise
           they
           dispatched
           Messengers
           to
           the
           Villages
           round
           about
           ,
           to
           acquaint
           them
           with
           the
           state
           of
           things
           ,
           and
           to
           try
           whether
           the
           Inhabitants
           would
           come
           in
           person
           or
           send
           in
           their
           Armes
           ,
           but
           there
           came
           neither
           the
           one
           nor
           the
           other
           ,
           and
           itwas
           resolved
           by
           the
           Counsell
           of
           Warre
           at
           Gloucester
           that
           the
           Forces
           ,
           Ordnance
           and
           Ammunition
           with
           all
           well-affected
           persons
           should
           forth-with
           repaire
           thither
           .
           In
           the
           heate
           of
           this
           debate
           
           there
           came
           an
           invitation
           from
           Worcester
           by
           a
           Letter
           from
           Sir
           
             William
             Russell
          
           ,
           with
           intimation
           of
           conditions
           of
           Peace
           ;
           all
           which
           disposed
           that
           Towne
           to
           complyance
           with
           the
           Enemy
           .
           Hereupon
           a
           Common
           Counsell
           being
           held
           ,
           and
           the
           Officers
           present
           't
           was
           determined
           that
           the
           Gloucester
           order
           was
           to
           be
           obeyed
           .
           The
           Towne
           thus
           deserted
           was
           willing
           to
           provide
           for
           its
           owne
           safety
           ,
           and
           chused
           rather
           to
           obtaine
           some
           reasonable
           termes
           of
           Peace
           then
           suffer
           it selfe
           to
           be
           quite
           ruined
           ;
           wherefore
           they
           drew
           up
           some
           Propositions
           to
           be
           sent
           to
           Sir
           
             William
             Russell
          
           ,
           yet
           before
           the
           dispatch
           they
           sent
           to
           Gloucester
           a
           second
           Message
           by
           the
           Minister
           of
           the
           Towne
           ,
           and
           an
           Officer
           of
           the
           Garrison
           with
           Sir
           
             William
             Russells
          
           Letter
           and
           their
           Answer
           .
           These
           promised
           an
           early
           return
           ,
           but
           failing
           some
           houres
           of
           the
           time
           appointed
           ,
           in
           the
           meane
           while
           the
           Propositions
           were
           sent
           to
           Worcester
           .
           This
           Message
           brought
           a
           countermand
           ,
           when
           there
           sprung
           an
           Alarum
           that
           Cirencester
           was
           regained
           ,
           and
           the
           spoile
           and
           prisoners
           recovered
           backe
           ,
           for
           this
           cause
           the
           Souldiers
           were
           detained
           a
           while
           ,
           but
           when
           the
           report
           was
           found
           untrue
           ,
           of
           themselves
           they
           began
           to
           quit
           the
           Towne
           .
           In
           the
           Evening
           the
           Messenger
           returned
           from
           Worcester
           with
           the
           Propositions
           granted
           ;
           the
           subjection
           seemed
           unfortunate
           and
           dishonourable
           in
           them
           whose
           affections
           were
           engaged
           to
           this
           Cause
           ,
           neither
           did
           there
           appeare
           a
           meanes
           to
           prevent
           it
           for
           the
           transmigration
           of
           the
           whole
           Towne
           was
           impossible
           ,
           nor
           as
           yet
           did
           the
           condition
           of
           the
           warre
           require
           any
           such
           thing
           from
           one
           particular
           place
           ;
           for
           the
           Parliaments
           adherents
           ,
           as
           also
           the
           Malignant
           Faction
           did
           never
           at
           once
           forsake
           their
           habitations
           to
           be
           gathered
           into
           one
           body
           for
           a
           suddain
           conclusion
           ,
           but
           were
           brought
           peece-meale
           unto
           action
           ,
           and
           many
           lye
           under
           covert
           in
           the
           Enemies
           Country
           reserving
           themselves
           for
           future
           service
           .
           Thus
           the
           people
           entertained
           gladly
           those
           conditions
           ,
           which
           though
           performed
           in
           part
           yet
           were
           a
           sufficient
           bondage
           ,
           did
           impoverish
           their
           spirits
           ,
           coole
           their
           zeale
           of
           Religion
           ,
           and
           lessen
           the
           former
           inclination
           to
           liberty
           ;
           after
           which
           by
           frequent
           changes
           under
           many
           Lords
           they
           became
           so
           feeble
           
           that
           they
           never
           durst
           confide
           in
           themselves
           to
           vindicate
           the
           Towne
           into
           its
           former
           happinesse
           ,
           but
           a
           long
           time
           remained
           averse
           to
           the
           fairest
           opportunities
           ,
           yea
           necessities
           of
           ingagement
           and
           desired
           an
           everlasting
           neutrality
           .
           The
           deserting
           of
           this
           Towne
           encreased
           the
           forces
           of
           Gloucester
           by
           two
           hundred
           Foot
           and
           Dragoones
           ,
           and
           tooke
           off
           the
           feare
           of
           a
           greater
           mischiefe
           ;
           for
           though
           the
           quitting
           of
           the
           place
           caused
           us
           to
           resent
           our
           great
           distresse
           ,
           yet
           the
           taking
           thereof
           would
           have
           confounded
           our
           thoughts
           ,
           and
           hazarded
           the
           maine
           chance
           where
           the
           whole
           strength
           did
           not
           lye
           at
           stake
           .
        
         
           The
           enemy
           breathed
           out
           threatnings
           ,
           many
           false
           friends
           sought
           cunningly
           to
           make
           us
           affraid
           ,
           the
           Country-men
           in
           generall
           were
           taken
           off
           ,
           who
           in
           their
           jocund
           beginnings
           still
           concluded
           on
           the
           Victory
           ,
           but
           never
           prepared
           for
           a
           blow
           ,
           that
           the
           whole
           businesse
           was
           dashed
           at
           one
           clap
           ,
           and
           especially
           when
           Cirencester
           was
           taken
           ,
           in
           which
           they
           did
           repose
           so
           much
           trust
           .
           The
           issue
           discovered
           the
           weaknesse
           of
           the
           former
           proceedings
           in
           committing
           the
           whole
           fortune
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           and
           the
           lives
           of
           so
           many
           men
           to
           such
           a
           poore
           defence
           ,
           and
           hazarding
           the
           maine
           rest
           where
           the
           strength
           of
           the
           game
           could
           not
           be
           managed
           .
           Besides
           ,
           the
           Enemy
           had
           this
           great
           advantage
           in
           over-powring
           the
           minds
           of
           men
           ;
           who
           ,
           since
           their
           cause
           could
           not
           lay
           claime
           to
           justice
           ,
           nor
           themselves
           procure
           love
           ,
           sought
           to
           prevaile
           by
           terrour
           and
           by
           their
           late
           cruelties
           became
           dreadfull
           :
           so
           that
           such
           spirits
           as
           wanted
           greatnesse
           of
           minde
           or
           strong
           fidelity
           to
           persevere
           ,
           did
           greedily
           comply
           with
           that
           Party
           ,
           supposing
           themselves
           secure
           from
           this
           side
           ,
           at
           least
           in
           respect
           of
           a
           deep
           personall
           suffering
           ,
           which
           supposals
           were
           grounded
           upon
           the
           Parliaments
           lenity
           ,
           and
           unto
           which
           peradventure
           they
           were
           bound
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           gaine
           affections
           in
           a
           voluntary
           warre
           .
           The
           more
           zealous
           and
           active
           had
           no
           head
           under
           whom
           they
           might
           unite
           and
           grow
           strong
           ;
           the
           power
           of
           the
           Deputy
           Lieutenants
           was
           quite
           fallen
           ,
           a
           kind
           of
           command
           suitable
           onely
           to
           the
           infancy
           of
           Military
           affaires
           ,
           and
           the
           whole
           businesse
           was
           devolved
           on
           the
           Souldier
           ,
           whom
           the
           people
           then
           beheld
           as
           the
           professed
           servants
           of
           fortune
           ,
           and
           
           trusted
           not
           till
           after
           manifold
           experience
           ;
           so
           they
           sunke
           under
           the
           burden
           ,
           and
           gave
           up
           themselves
           to
           spoile
           and
           rapine
           .
           The
           clouds
           gathered
           round
           the
           City
           ,
           the
           Enemy
           lay
           strong
           at
           Cirencester
           and
           Tewksbury
           ,
           our
           men
           were
           confined
           to
           the
           Towne
           walls
           ;
           the
           workes
           not
           halfe
           finished
           ,
           the
           Souldier
           within
           mutinous
           and
           desperate
           :
           no
           monies
           came
           from
           the
           State
           ,
           and
           but
           small
           supplies
           out
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           that
           the
           vilest
           mutineers
           were
           to
           be
           dealt
           with
           by
           intreaty
           ,
           their
           insolencies
           to
           be
           suffered
           with
           patience
           ,
           who
           tooke
           so
           great
           advantage
           by
           our
           extremity
           that
           their
           humours
           had
           a
           full
           vent
           ,
           and
           ran
           forth
           into
           incorrigible
           wickednesse
           :
           the
           City
           was
           constrained
           to
           free
           quarter
           and
           great
           disbursements
           by
           way
           of
           lone
           ,
           and
           the
           Governour
           to
           use
           his
           skill
           in
           keeping
           together
           the
           male-contented
           Souldiers
           .
        
         
           The
           Army
           raised
           in
           Wales
           by
           the
           power
           of
           the
           Earle
           of
           Worcester
           ,
           and
           his
           Son
           the
           Lord
           Herbert
           begins
           to
           appeare
           ,
           is
           designed
           for
           Gloucester
           ,
           and
           comes
           on
           at
           Coford
           in
           the
           Forrest
           of
           Deane
           three
           miles
           from
           Monmouth
           ,
           where
           Colonell
           Berrowes
           Regiment
           had
           made
           a
           kind
           of
           loose
           Garrison
           for
           the
           defence
           of
           the
           Forrest
           in
           an
           open
           Towne
           ,
           and
           with
           slender
           preparations
           .
           Here
           the
           Welch
           fell
           on
           ,
           but
           their
           Officers
           with
           strange
           fury
           drove
           our
           party
           before
           them
           ,
           which
           was
           borne
           downe
           by
           their
           multitudes
           yet
           with
           a
           greater
           losse
           on
           their
           part
           ;
           divers
           Officers
           were
           slaine
           ,
           and
           with
           the
           rest
           their
           Commander
           in
           chiefe
           Sir
           
             Richard
             Lawdy
          
           ,
           Major
           generall
           of
           South-Wales
           ;
           of
           ours
           few
           slaine
           ,
           but
           Lieutenant
           Colonell
           Winter
           ,
           and
           some
           inferiour
           Officers
           ,
           with
           about
           forty
           private
           Souldiers
           taken
           Prisoners
           .
           All
           the
           strength
           of
           these
           parts
           are
           now
           driven
           into
           the
           Walls
           of
           Gloucester
           ,
           onely
           
             Barkly
             Castle
          
           is
           held
           still
           for
           an
           entercourse
           between
           us
           and
           Bristoll
           .
           This
           City
           was
           accounted
           one
           of
           the
           chiefe
           Holds
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           and
           far
           from
           the
           well-spring
           of
           succour
           ,
           yet
           was
           there
           no
           care
           of
           a
           competent
           Brigade
           or
           Magazine
           ,
           a
           common
           defect
           ,
           by
           which
           the
           State
           hath
           received
           much
           detriment
           ;
           that
           through
           the
           penury
           of
           men
           ,
           Armes
           ,
           and
           Ammunition
           ,
           remote
           Garrisons
           are
           left
           in
           dispaire
           ,
           or
           the
           intention
           of
           the
           maine
           Army
           must
           be
           diverted
           for
           their
           relief
           .
           
           Our
           succours
           were
           yet
           to
           be
           raised
           ,
           or
           selected
           out
           of
           severall
           commands
           and
           come
           on
           slowly
           ;
           the
           people
           were
           held
           up
           by
           false
           reports
           ,
           and
           to
           stave
           off
           the
           Enemy
           the
           Governour
           was
           to
           put
           the
           best
           face
           on
           a
           bad
           matter
           .
        
         
           Meane
           while
           a
           great
           power
           of
           the
           Welch
           Army
           advance
           towards
           Gloucester
           and
           setled
           at
           Hignham
           house
           within
           two
           miles
           of
           the
           City
           and
           began
           to
           intrench
           .
           The
           Governour
           placed
           a
           Guard
           at
           the
           Bishops
           house
           to
           keepe
           them
           at
           a
           distance
           .
           Sir
           
             Jerome
             Brett
          
           their
           Major
           Generall
           had
           the
           confidence
           to
           demand
           the
           Towne
           ,
           but
           the
           summons
           was
           received
           with
           scorne
           from
           a
           Welch
           Brigade
           ,
           and
           became
           ridiculous
           when
           Prince
           Rupert
           had
           beene
           twice
           refused
           ,
           besides
           an
           inveterate
           hatred
           derived
           by
           fabulous
           tradition
           had
           passed
           betweene
           the
           Welch-men
           and
           the
           Citizens
           of
           Gloucester
           .
           Such
           slight
           and
           irrationall
           passages
           prevaile
           much
           with
           the
           common
           people
           in
           whom
           opinion
           beares
           rule
           .
           Those
           Forces
           were
           said
           to
           expect
           Prince
           Ruperts
           approach
           on
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           else
           it
           cannot
           be
           imagined
           to
           what
           end
           they
           lay
           five
           weekes
           in
           a
           stinking
           nest
           .
           They
           were
           basely
           basled
           ,
           never
           attempted
           our
           out-Guard
           ,
           never
           undertooke
           the
           least
           Party
           that
           issued
           forth
           .
           Meanewhile
           the
           Prince
           was
           conceived
           to
           waite
           upon
           other
           designes
           .
           The
           Bristoll
           Plot
           offered
           it selfe
           ,
           upon
           which
           his
           person
           did
           attend
           before
           the
           Gates
           of
           that
           City
           .
           Thence
           he
           was
           drawne
           off
           to
           stop
           Sir
           
             William
             Wallers
          
           advance
           for
           our
           reliefe
           ,
           who
           deceived
           the
           Prince
           by
           strong
           reports
           and
           night
           marches
           ,
           and
           happily
           drilled
           along
           his
           small
           Army
           to
           the
           place
           of
           action
           .
           The
           Governour
           could
           attempt
           nothing
           but
           onely
           make
           good
           the
           Guard
           at
           the
           Bishops
           house
           ,
           and
           flourish
           with
           some
           slender
           Sallyes
           ;
           he
           had
           not
           an
           hundred
           Horse
           ,
           and
           the
           Enemies
           foot
           were
           double
           the
           number
           of
           those
           in
           the
           Garrison
           ;
           at
           length
           an
           addition
           of
           two
           hundred
           Horse
           and
           Dragoones
           from
           Bristoll
           under
           the
           command
           of
           Captain
           
             John
             Fiennes
          
           gave
           some
           life
           to
           the
           businesse
           :
           hereupon
           severall
           Parties
           at
           sundry
           times
           were
           drawn
           out
           ,
           which
           never
           failed
           to
           beat
           the
           Enemy
           into
           their
           works
           ,
           kill
           and
           take
           prisoners
           ,
           although
           treble
           the
           number
           of
           our
           strongest
           Party
           .
           So
           that
           the
           name
           of
           our
           Blew
           Regiment
           became
           a
           terrour
           
           to
           those
           miserable
           Welch-men
           ,
           who
           were
           partly
           constrained
           to
           take
           up
           Armes
           ,
           partly
           allured
           with
           the
           hope
           of
           plunder
           .
           Certainely
           they
           were
           deceived
           out
           of
           their
           owne
           Country
           not
           to
           fight
           but
           to
           take
           Gloucester
           ;
           by
           which
           meanes
           they
           could
           act
           an
           impotent
           villany
           and
           cruelty
           ,
           but
           nothing
           of
           a
           Souldiers
           gallantry
           .
        
         
           Immediately
           after
           the
           taking
           of
           Malmesbury
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           bent
           his
           course
           towards
           Gloucester
           ,
           and
           laid
           his
           designe
           for
           the
           surprize
           of
           the
           Welch
           Army
           ;
           he
           gave
           notice
           of
           his
           advance
           unto
           Lieutenant
           Colonell
           Massie
           ,
           with
           directions
           instantly
           to
           draw
           forth
           both
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           before
           Hignham
           ,
           and
           to
           keepe
           them
           in
           continuall
           action
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           not
           understand
           his
           approach
           .
           He
           gave
           order
           likewise
           that
           those
           Flat-bottomes
           which
           were
           brought
           from
           London
           upon
           Carriages
           for
           service
           upon
           the
           River
           Seaverne
           ,
           should
           be
           sent
           downe
           to
           Frampton
           passage
           ,
           sixe
           miles
           below
           Gloucester
           ,
           where
           both
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           were
           arrived
           by
           noone
           ,
           passed
           over
           the
           River
           before
           night
           ,
           and
           unawares
           of
           the
           Enemy
           got
           between
           them
           and
           home
           ,
           tooke
           them
           in
           a
           snare
           and
           intercepted
           their
           flight
           .
           The
           Governour
           performed
           according
           to
           the
           intention
           of
           the
           Plot
           ,
           drew
           forth
           all
           the
           Horse
           and
           a
           Party
           of
           five
           hundred
           Foot
           ,
           brought
           up
           the
           Ordnance
           neere
           the
           house
           ,
           and
           kept
           them
           in
           the
           heate
           of
           play
           till
           the
           Evening
           ;
           at
           night
           he
           set
           Guards
           round
           the
           house
           ,
           with
           that
           straitenesse
           and
           confidence
           that
           the
           Enemy
           durst
           not
           stirre
           ,
           nor
           a
           Spy
           steale
           out
           ,
           although
           they
           lay
           fifteene
           hundred
           strong
           .
           At
           Sunne
           rising
           they
           had
           a
           fresh
           Alarme
           by
           our
           Ordnance
           ,
           and
           were
           held
           to
           it
           by
           our
           Musket
           shot
           .
           This
           morning
           their
           Horse
           issued
           out
           ,
           attempting
           to
           force
           their
           way
           through
           the
           Horse
           Guard
           ,
           which
           they
           did
           ,
           and
           put
           some
           of
           our
           Horse
           rashly
           charging
           and
           upon
           disadvantage
           ,
           to
           a
           disorderly
           retreate
           ,
           but
           comming
           up
           to
           a
           Foot
           Guard
           received
           a
           repulse
           :
           and
           to
           the
           reliefe
           of
           that
           Guard
           which
           was
           thought
           too
           weake
           ,
           a
           Party
           was
           drawne
           from
           the
           Artillery
           ,
           and
           that
           againe
           by
           this
           meanes
           much
           neglected
           ,
           in
           so
           much
           that
           the
           same
           instant
           the
           enemy
           fell
           out
           upon
           our
           Ordnance
           then
           like
           to
           
           be
           deserted
           ,
           but
           were
           beaten
           backe
           by
           the
           gallantry
           of
           some
           few
           that
           kept
           their
           ground
           .
           In
           this
           point
           of
           action
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           came
           up
           and
           shot
           his
           warning-peece
           on
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           which
           dasht
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           and
           so
           revived
           our
           men
           that
           they
           ran
           up
           with
           fury
           ,
           stormed
           a
           redoubt
           ,
           and
           tooke
           in
           it
           two
           Captaines
           and
           above
           thirty
           private
           Souldiers
           ,
           which
           service
           had
           a
           maine
           influence
           upon
           the
           surrender
           of
           the
           house
           ;
           Sir
           William
           placed
           his
           Army
           to
           the
           best
           advantage
           for
           shew
           ,
           and
           displaid
           the
           Colours
           of
           two
           Foot
           Regiments
           reduced
           to
           a
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           men
           ,
           drew
           neere
           the
           house
           and
           made
           some
           few
           shot
           with
           his
           Canon
           ;
           After
           his
           approach
           not
           a
           man
           of
           the
           Enemy
           was
           slaine
           or
           hurt
           ,
           yet
           the
           common
           Souldier
           would
           doe
           any
           thing
           but
           fight
           ,
           when
           they
           were
           well
           fortified
           ,
           and
           had
           a
           sufficient
           Magazine
           ;
           they
           sounded
           a
           Parley
           and
           sent
           forth
           some
           Officers
           to
           treat
           ,
           which
           had
           this
           result
           ;
           that
           they
           should
           render
           the
           house
           and
           themselves
           as
           prisoners
           ,
           and
           the
           Officers
           should
           receive
           respect
           and
           quarter
           according
           to
           their
           quality
           .
           Upon
           the
           returne
           of
           these
           termes
           some
           advised
           to
           break
           through
           ,
           which
           the
           common
           Souldiers
           utterly
           refused
           and
           neglected
           the
           advantage
           of
           a
           dark
           and
           rainy
           night
           .
           The
           persons
           that
           treated
           dealt
           the
           second
           time
           in
           a
           kind
           of
           begging
           way
           ,
           but
           at
           last
           accepted
           the
           former
           conditions
           ,
           and
           gave
           up
           the
           Welch
           Army
           into
           the
           hands
           of
           men
           quite
           spent
           with
           continuall
           marches
           and
           watching
           .
           Divers
           persons
           of
           quality
           were
           here
           taken
           ,
           the
           most
           powerfull
           Gentry
           of
           Herefordshire
           ,
           some
           of
           those
           that
           in
           scorne
           were
           stiled
           the
           Nine
           Worthies
           ,
           who
           in
           the
           first
           opening
           of
           the
           great
           breach
           affronted
           the
           Parliament
           with
           a
           scandalous
           remonstrance
           ;
           the
           next
           day
           being
           the
           twenty
           fift
           of
           March
           ,
           neere
           fifteene
           hundred
           were
           led
           Captive
           into
           Gloucester
           ,
           as
           great
           a
           number
           as
           Sir
           
             William
             Wallers
          
           Army
           with
           the
           Garrison
           Forces
           could
           rise
           unto
           :
           Thus
           the
           first
           fruites
           of
           Wales
           were
           blasted
           ,
           the
           strength
           of
           the
           nearer
           parts
           almost
           vanquished
           ,
           and
           the
           effects
           of
           this
           Victory
           had
           been
           more
           lasting
           had
           it
           been
           used
           to
           the
           best
           advantage
           .
           The
           Kings
           Party
           had
           a
           notable
           faculty
           in
           the
           improvement
           of
           Victories
           by
           strict
           imprisonment
           ,
           and
           inhauncing
           
           the
           rate
           of
           their
           Captives
           ;
           their
           usuall
           fiercenesse
           did
           extract
           great
           Ransomes
           or
           unequall
           exchanges
           ,
           and
           disposed
           them
           to
           detaine
           their
           Captives
           in
           extreame
           misery
           ,
           and
           to
           neglect
           their
           owne
           friends
           in
           the
           like
           thralldome
           ,
           of
           which
           those
           that
           were
           taken
           at
           Cirencester
           gave
           a
           full
           testimony
           :
           But
           the
           Parliament
           Garrisons
           knew
           not
           how
           to
           keepe
           a
           correspondence
           in
           this
           case
           ,
           but
           groaned
           under
           the
           burthen
           of
           miserable
           prisoners
           ,
           were
           prone
           to
           exchange
           ,
           or
           set
           free
           upon
           easie
           termes
           .
           And
           by
           this
           meanes
           most
           of
           the
           common
           souldiers
           then
           taken
           within
           tenne
           daies
           were
           sent
           backe
           into
           their
           owne
           Country
           ,
           with
           an
           Oath
           never
           to
           serve
           against
           the
           Parliament
           ;
           others
           that
           tendred
           themselves
           were
           entertained
           in
           the
           service
           ,
           who
           for
           the
           most
           part
           proved
           Runnegadoes
           ;
           the
           Commanders
           and
           Gentlemen
           came
           off
           ,
           some
           with
           a
           Ransome
           ,
           and
           Oath
           which
           they
           quickly
           violated
           ,
           and
           the
           residue
           were
           wholly
           lost
           at
           the
           surrender
           of
           Bristoll
           .
        
         
           The
           whole
           successe
           of
           the
           former
           action
           happily
           complyed
           with
           the
           maine
           Plot
           ,
           and
           extreamly
           dashed
           the
           Kings
           affaires
           in
           these
           parts
           .
           The
           generall
           fame
           did
           increase
           and
           heighten
           the
           repute
           of
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           ,
           and
           the
           enemy
           possessed
           there
           with
           began
           to
           draw
           back
           on
           all
           sides
           ;
           Sir
           
             Matthew
             Carew
          
           forthwith
           quitted
           the
           Towne
           of
           Tewksbury
           ,
           which
           within
           twelve
           houres
           was
           repossest
           by
           our
           Forces
           ,
           Captaine
           
             John
             Fienes
          
           was
           commanded
           thither
           with
           a
           slender
           strength
           of
           Horse
           and
           Dragoones
           ,
           with
           whom
           the
           well-affected
           of
           the
           Town
           that
           abode
           in
           Gloucester
           began
           to
           returne
           .
           The
           undertaking
           was
           hasty
           and
           confused
           ,
           without
           the
           observance
           of
           the
           Enemies
           motion
           or
           distance
           ,
           or
           any
           rationall
           assurance
           of
           defending
           the
           place
           .
           Our
           Party
           had
           no
           sooner
           saluted
           the
           Towne
           but
           received
           an
           Alarme
           that
           the
           former
           Forces
           were
           returned
           with
           a
           greater
           power
           .
           'T
           was
           a
           gallant
           Brigade
           of
           Horse
           commanded
           by
           the
           Lord
           Grandeston
           ,
           which
           immediatly
           came
           from
           Cheltenham
           ,
           whereof
           our
           men
           had
           not
           the
           least
           intelligence
           ;
           it
           seemed
           by
           the
           event
           that
           the
           Enemy
           expected
           none
           from
           Gloucester
           ;
           however
           there
           was
           quicke
           dispatch
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           yet
           Captaine
           Fienes
           with
           his
           whole
           Party
           had
           bin
           
           surprised
           had
           not
           those
           Horse
           been
           kept
           off
           at
           a
           miles
           distance
           by
           a
           ridiculous
           accident
           .
           It
           so
           fell
           out
           that
           they
           met
           a
           man
           comming
           alone
           from
           the
           Towne
           ,
           whom
           they
           fell
           to
           question
           whether
           any
           Forces
           were
           there
           ,
           of
           what
           strength
           ,
           and
           by
           whom
           commanded
           ;
           the
           man
           intending
           nothing
           lesse
           then
           the
           escape
           of
           our
           Party
           ,
           but
           supposing
           them
           a
           part
           of
           the
           Parliament
           Forces
           ,
           and
           willing
           to
           curry
           favour
           begins
           to
           talke
           of
           a
           maine
           strength
           and
           vast
           numbers
           ,
           with
           so
           many
           Guns
           and
           all
           kind
           of
           preparations
           ,
           and
           withall
           defies
           the
           Cavalliers
           with
           much
           affected
           indignation
           ;
           which
           words
           so
           farre
           prevailed
           that
           they
           presently
           held
           a
           Counsell
           of
           War
           ,
           and
           once
           were
           about
           to
           fall
           back
           .
           This
           delay
           gave
           an
           houres
           respit
           to
           those
           within
           to
           prepare
           for
           a
           flight
           ,
           who
           had
           no
           sooner
           recovered
           the
           end
           of
           the
           Towne
           ,
           but
           the
           Enemy
           had
           entred
           ,
           amazed
           to
           see
           themselves
           so
           miserably
           deluded
           .
        
         
           When
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           had
           refreshed
           his
           men
           some
           few
           daies
           about
           the
           first
           of
           Aprill
           1643.
           he
           advanced
           towards
           Monmouthshire
           ,
           at
           the
           solicitation
           of
           divers
           Gentlemen
           of
           that
           Country
           ,
           with
           a
           promise
           of
           concurrence
           in
           reducing
           those
           parts
           to
           the
           obedience
           of
           King
           and
           Parliament
           .
           When
           he
           came
           neere
           the
           Towne
           of
           Monmouth
           where
           the
           Lord
           Herbert
           had
           began
           to
           place
           a
           Garrison
           ,
           the
           Souldiers
           did
           not
           abide
           his
           comming
           ,
           but
           all
           shifted
           for
           themselves
           by
           flight
           ;
           Sir
           William
           entred
           the
           naked
           and
           open
           Towne
           ,
           where
           he
           stayed
           a
           while
           and
           sent
           many
           Parties
           abroad
           the
           Country
           for
           supplies
           of
           money
           ;
           thence
           marched
           to
           Vske
           ,
           where
           he
           set
           free
           some
           prisoners
           kept
           there
           ;
           but
           the
           reducing
           of
           the
           Country
           came
           to
           nothing
           ,
           for
           the
           Gentlemen
           did
           not
           perform
           ,
           and
           he
           found
           there
           what
           usually
           comes
           to
           passe
           in
           such
           cases
           ,
           that
           men
           desirous
           of
           alterations
           invite
           upon
           ample
           promises
           ,
           but
           never
           make
           good
           ,
           and
           feldome
           appearein
           the
           businesse
           till
           the
           Souldier
           hath
           done
           the
           worke
           to
           their
           hands
           ,
           or
           they
           have
           gotten
           some
           stronge
           Hold
           to
           secure
           their
           ingagements
           .
           So
           that
           the
           well-affected
           would
           not
           declare
           themselves
           ,
           because
           a
           running
           Army
           could
           be
           no
           lasting
           support
           ,
           and
           they
           had
           no
           strong
           Hold
           ,
           nor
           the
           stream
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           which
           were
           at
           the
           devotion
           of
           the
           Earle
           of
           Worcester
           ,
           almost
           an
           universall
           Land-lord
           in
           that
           County
           .
        
         
         
           Whilst
           these
           things
           are
           acted
           Prince
           Maurice
           enters
           Tewksbury
           with
           a
           power
           of
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           added
           to
           those
           former
           under
           the
           command
           of
           the
           Lord
           Grandeston
           ,
           resolving
           to
           make
           after
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           ,
           and
           to
           intercept
           his
           return
           out
           of
           Wales
           ,
           for
           he
           was
           gotten
           into
           such
           a
           nooke
           of
           the
           Land
           in
           the
           Enemies
           Country
           ,
           that
           the
           Prince
           might
           easily
           drive
           him
           to
           a
           Nonultra
           .
           Wherefore
           a
           bridge
           of
           Boates
           was
           made
           over
           Seaverne
           at
           Tewksbury
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           passe
           to
           and
           fro
           nearer
           the
           retreat
           of
           our
           Army
           .
           Here
           the
           Prince
           marched
           over
           with
           a
           body
           of
           two
           thousand
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           ,
           confident
           of
           this
           designe
           ,
           and
           therefore
           too
           remisse
           &
           slow
           in
           his
           advance
           .
           Sir
           William
           was
           nimble
           in
           the
           retreat
           ,
           caused
           his
           Foot
           and
           Artillery
           to
           passe
           over
           Seaverne
           at
           Chepstow
           ,
           and
           himselfe
           with
           his
           Horse
           and
           Dragoones
           passed
           through
           the
           lower
           part
           of
           the
           Forrest
           of
           Deane
           neare
           the
           River
           side
           ,
           and
           before
           the
           Enemy
           had
           notice
           of
           his
           march
           sent
           forth
           two
           Parties
           to
           fall
           upon
           two
           of
           their
           maine
           quarters
           ,
           which
           was
           performed
           whilst
           the
           maine
           body
           slipt
           between
           both
           ,
           and
           a
           Party
           was
           left
           to
           face
           them
           and
           make
           good
           the
           retreat
           ,
           which
           came
           off
           something
           disorderly
           ,
           and
           with
           the
           losse
           of
           a
           few
           private
           Souldiers
           .
           'T
           was
           an
           exquisite
           conveyance
           ,
           and
           unexpected
           felicity
           that
           brought
           them
           out
           of
           the
           snare
           through
           those
           intricate
           waies
           .
           This
           Alarme
           quickly
           reached
           Gloucester
           ,
           and
           Lieutenant
           Colonell
           Massie
           drew
           out
           three
           hundred
           foot
           and
           two
           troops
           of
           horse
           to
           fetch
           off
           our
           men
           ,
           but
           if
           he
           found
           them
           dis-ingaged
           ,
           for
           a
           further
           designe
           .
           This
           Party
           met
           them
           within
           two
           miles
           of
           the
           Towne
           ,
           where
           the
           Governour
           made
           knowne
           to
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           his
           purpose
           to
           set
           upon
           Tewksbury
           ,
           and
           taking
           the
           opportunity
           of
           the
           Princes
           absence
           ,
           and
           the
           Enemies
           jollity
           at
           our
           supposed
           totall
           defeate
           ,
           instantly
           advanced
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           by
           break
           of
           day
           brought
           up
           his
           men
           before
           the
           Towne
           ,
           one
           part
           whereof
           fell
           in
           to
           the
           Ham
           ,
           seased
           upon
           the
           Guard
           left
           with
           the
           bridge
           of
           Boats
           and
           cut
           off
           that
           bridge
           ,
           the
           Horse
           with
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Foot
           came
           up
           Gloucester
           way
           ,
           the
           Forlorne
           .
           Hope
           surprised
           and
           slew
           the
           Sentinell
           ,
           climbed
           over
           the
           workes
           ,
           and
           cut
           down
           the
           draw-bridge
           ;
           whereupon
           both
           Horse
           and
           Foot-rushed
           in
           ,
           and
           the
           party
           on
           the
           other
           side
           of
           Avon
           ready
           to
           enter
           :
           there
           were
           left
           
           in
           the
           Towne
           neere
           three
           hundred
           men
           commanded
           by
           Sir
           
             Matthew
             Carew
          
           ,
           whom
           the
           triumph
           of
           yesterdaies
           conceived
           Victory
           laid
           asleepe
           ,
           and
           the
           sudden
           Alarme
           roused
           up
           ,
           first
           into
           a
           shuffling
           fighting
           posture
           ,
           and
           after
           halfe
           an
           houre
           to
           a
           nimble
           escape
           .
           Sir
           
             Matthew
             Carew
          
           fled
           ,
           and
           many
           escaped
           the
           hands
           of
           our
           men
           ,
           who
           wanted
           numbers
           to
           surround
           the
           Towne
           ,
           but
           most
           of
           the
           common
           Souldiers
           ,
           and
           some
           valuable
           Officers
           were
           taken
           .
           Oxford
           was
           as
           miserably
           gulled
           in
           these
           passages
           ,
           and
           in
           a
           few
           houres
           extreamely
           affected
           with
           contrary
           reports
           ;
           for
           the
           jocund
           newes
           of
           the
           vanquishing
           of
           Sir
           
             Wil.
             Waller
          
           arrived
           early
           in
           the
           morning
           ,
           but
           before
           noone
           an
           expresse
           came
           of
           the
           losse
           of
           Tewksbury
           ,
           which
           was
           cast
           upon
           the
           heat
           of
           the
           first
           report
           like
           cold
           water
           into
           a
           boyling
           pot
           .
        
         
           The
           same
           day
           a
           Party
           of
           Prince
           Maurice
           his
           Horse
           appeared
           from
           the
           top
           of
           a
           Hill
           neere
           Tweksbury
           ,
           and
           intimated
           the
           approach
           of
           his
           whole
           Army
           ;
           whereupon
           Sir
           
             William
             VValler
          
           marched
           thither
           that
           Evening
           ,
           and
           resolved
           to
           breake
           downe
           or
           make
           good
           the
           bridge
           at
           Upton
           upon
           Seaverne
           ,
           besides
           which
           there
           was
           no
           passe
           nearer
           then
           VVorcester
           ;
           but
           the
           Scouts
           gave
           notice
           that
           the
           Prince
           had
           recovered
           the
           bridge
           and
           set
           a
           guard
           upon
           it
           .
           The
           next
           morning
           Sir
           VVilliam
           advanced
           towards
           the
           Prince
           ,
           and
           found
           him
           in
           Ripple
           Field
           with
           his
           Army
           drawn
           up
           ,
           and
           divided
           into
           three
           bodies
           ,
           besides
           the
           hedges
           lined
           with
           Musketeers
           .
           Here
           our
           Forces
           faced
           the
           Enemy
           in
           a
           large
           field
           ,
           and
           could
           hardly
           reach
           the
           third
           part
           of
           the
           Princes
           strength
           ,
           brought
           up
           their
           Gunnes
           ,
           having
           neither
           shot
           prepared
           nor
           Cannoneers
           that
           understood
           the
           businesse
           ,
           nor
           the
           assistance
           of
           Foot
           ,
           save
           only
           a
           part
           of
           the
           Governours
           owne
           company
           ,
           besides
           the
           wind
           and
           Sun
           were
           against
           them
           ,
           and
           no
           retreat
           if
           need
           were
           ,
           but
           through
           a
           narrow
           Lane
           of
           two
           miles
           long
           ;
           and
           whereas
           they
           might
           stand
           upon
           the
           top
           of
           a
           rising
           ground
           to
           deceive
           the
           Enemy
           with
           the
           semblance
           of
           a
           greater
           power
           behind
           ,
           they
           descended
           a
           little
           on
           the
           side
           of
           the
           Hill
           ,
           and
           discovered
           their
           weaknesse
           to
           a
           full
           view
           .
           In
           this
           posture
           some
           perswaded
           to
           fight
           ,
           and
           began
           to
           make
           some
           shot
           with
           the
           Ordnance
           which
           gave
           no
           shew
           of
           the
           least
           execution
           ;
           But
           some
           other
           Officers
           
           examined
           the
           Cannoneere
           ,
           and
           finding
           neither
           fit
           Bullet
           nor
           any
           convenient
           shot
           ,
           but
           all
           things
           at
           randome
           ,
           earnestly
           disswaded
           either
           to
           make
           the
           onset
           ,
           or
           expect
           the
           enemy
           in
           that
           place
           ;
           and
           advising
           likewise
           the
           tryall
           ,
           discovered
           their
           Ambuscadoes
           within
           the
           hedges
           .
           Hereupon
           Sir
           
             VVilliam
             VValler
          
           fell
           back
           ,
           and
           entred
           the
           narrow
           Lane
           commanding
           a
           Party
           of
           Dragoones
           to
           face
           the
           Princes
           Army
           ,
           and
           the
           Musketeeres
           to
           stand
           at
           the
           corner
           of
           the
           lane
           within
           the
           hedges
           to
           make
           good
           the
           retreat
           .
           The
           enemy
           fell
           on
           ,
           not
           a
           man
           of
           those
           Dragoons
           would
           stand
           to
           receive
           the
           charge
           ,
           but
           hurried
           away
           ,
           broke
           over
           the
           hedge
           ,
           fell
           among
           and
           disordered
           our
           owne
           Musketeers
           ,
           the
           Enemy
           clapt
           in
           after
           them
           ,
           cut
           down
           foure
           or
           five
           of
           the
           Foot
           ,
           and
           tooke
           as
           many
           Prisoners
           ;
           Lieutenant
           Colonell
           Massie
           kept
           close
           to
           his
           Foot
           ,
           and
           instantly
           dispatcht
           to
           Tewksbury
           for
           a
           supply
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             Arthur
             Hazelrigg
          
           prevailed
           with
           his
           owne
           Troope
           to
           charge
           ,
           and
           in
           his
           owne
           person
           performed
           gallantly
           ;
           the
           Foot
           with
           those
           Horse
           put
           the
           Enemy
           to
           a
           stand
           ,
           and
           in
           part
           tooke
           off
           the
           foulenesse
           of
           the
           retreat
           through
           that
           straite
           passage
           .
           When
           they
           came
           to
           the
           next
           open
           place
           our
           men
           had
           the
           advantage
           of
           a
           ditch
           to
           stay
           the
           persuit
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           heat
           of
           the
           chase
           one
           Foot
           Souldier
           at
           the
           command
           of
           the
           Governour
           turned
           upon
           the
           Enemy
           a
           gate
           then
           cast
           of
           the
           hinges
           ;
           which
           barred
           their
           entrance
           &
           enabled
           our
           men
           to
           draw
           up
           for
           a
           charge
           ;
           here
           for
           a
           while
           they
           stood
           in
           a
           maze
           ,
           but
           on
           a
           suddain
           faced
           about
           ,
           ran
           flock-meale
           ,
           the
           Enemy
           upon
           their
           backs
           ,
           and
           the
           close
           of
           this
           action
           was
           like
           to
           be
           miserable
           ,
           but
           at
           the
           entrance
           a
           strait
           passage
           neere
           the
           Myth
           Hill
           ,
           a
           supply
           of
           Foot
           from
           the
           Town
           opportunely
           met
           them
           ,
           gauled
           the
           Enemy
           and
           put
           them
           to
           a
           stand
           once
           more
           ,
           whilst
           the
           Governour
           charged
           the
           leader
           of
           the
           forlorne
           hope
           hand
           to
           hand
           ,
           and
           was
           rescued
           by
           the
           gallantry
           of
           some
           Officers
           ,
           when
           of
           ours
           onely
           a
           small
           Party
           of
           Horse
           remained
           in
           the
           field
           ,
           the
           rest
           being
           got
           off
           in
           great
           confusion
           .
           Yet
           the
           escape
           might
           equall
           a
           Victory
           ,
           and
           the
           saving
           of
           the
           Forces
           passe
           for
           cleare
           gaine
           .
           Prince
           Maurice
           did
           not
           attempt
           the
           regaining
           of
           Tweksbury
           ,
           the
           Government
           whereof
           was
           intrusted
           to
           Sir
           
             Robert
             Cooke
          
           ,
           who
           had
           newly
           raised
           a
           Regiment
           of
           Foot
           by
           Commission
           from
           sir
           
             VVilliam
             VValler
          
           .
        
         
         
           At
           that
           season
           the
           main
           strength
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           was
           drawn
           from
           these
           parts
           when
           Redding
           was
           beleaguerd
           by
           the
           Earle
           of
           Essex
           ,
           by
           which
           meanes
           the
           Parliament
           forces
           had
           a
           large
           and
           free
           game
           in
           this
           Countrey
           ;
           went
           on
           with
           a
           full
           stream
           of
           successe
           ,
           driven
           with
           a
           gentle
           gale
           of
           providence
           ,
           and
           a
           kinde
           of
           unimitable
           happinesse
           ,
           in
           unbloody
           victories
           .
           The
           fortune
           of
           the
           former
           did
           over-rule
           the
           event
           of
           the
           succeeding
           action
           ,
           and
           the
           name
           and
           presence
           of
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           did
           include
           more
           then
           a
           thousand
           men
           .
           Neither
           was
           he
           wanting
           to
           himselfe
           ,
           but
           made
           the
           best
           use
           of
           his
           present
           fame
           ,
           and
           kept
           it
           up
           by
           constant
           active
           endeavours
           ,
           lest
           a
           little
           intermission
           might
           permit
           the
           enemy
           to
           recollect
           himselfe
           ,
           or
           the
           reall
           weaknesse
           of
           this
           Army
           be
           discerned
           .
           It
           was
           therefore
           suddenly
           resolved
           for
           Hereford
           ,
           whither
           he
           advanced
           with
           a
           thousand
           Horse
           and
           Dragoons
           ,
           assisted
           by
           the
           Governour
           ,
           with
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           the
           Lord
           Stamfords
           Regiment
           :
           there
           were
           also
           the
           beginnings
           of
           Colonell
           
             Thomas
             Stephens
          
           his
           Regiment
           .
           The
           maine
           body
           of
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           were
           drawn
           up
           before
           Bisters
           gate
           on
           the
           North
           side
           of
           the
           Town
           ,
           stood
           aloof
           off
           and
           shot
           at
           random
           ;
           till
           the
           Lievtenant
           Colonell
           commanded
           Captain
           Grey
           with
           a
           party
           of
           musketiers
           over
           the
           River
           ,
           towards
           Wie
           Bridge
           ,
           whose
           march
           was
           secured
           by
           a
           rising
           bank
           under
           the
           walls
           .
           These
           were
           ordered
           to
           make
           shew
           of
           an
           assault
           ,
           and
           if
           need
           were
           to
           fall
           back
           unto
           the
           water
           side
           ,
           where
           seconds
           were
           placed
           for
           their
           reliefe
           .
           The
           enemies
           horse
           sallied
           out
           upon
           them
           ,
           whom
           that
           party
           having
           gallantly
           kept
           off
           ,
           and
           forced
           back
           into
           the
           City
           ,
           with-drew
           thence
           and
           gained
           a
           Church
           within
           Pistoll
           shot
           of
           St
           Owens
           gate
           ,
           whence
           our
           Musketiers
           plaied
           on
           the
           walls
           ,
           and
           exceedingly
           terrified
           those
           within
           .
           But
           the
           main
           rest
           of
           the
           businesse
           was
           the
           name
           of
           a
           conquering
           army
           ,
           which
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           improved
           to
           the
           best
           advantage
           by
           all
           expedition
           and
           industry
           :
           And
           to
           help
           forward
           ,
           Massie
           drew
           up
           two
           Sakers
           in
           a
           strait
           line
           against
           Wigmarsh
           gate
           ,
           not
           without
           extream
           hazard
           by
           shot
           from
           the
           walls
           ;
           himselfe
           gave
           fire
           ,
           and
           the
           first
           Canon
           shot
           entred
           the
           gate
           ,
           took
           an
           Officers
           head
           from
           his
           shoulders
           ,
           and
           slew
           some
           few
           besides
           ,
           More
           shots
           were
           made
           ,
           each
           of
           which
           scoured
           the
           streets
           ,
           and
           so
           daunted
           the
           enemy
           ,
           that
           they
           presently
           sounded
           a
           parley
           ,
           which
           was
           entertained
           by
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           ,
           and
           hostages
           given
           on
           both
           sides
           ;
           the
           Parley
           lasted
           almost
           the
           whole
           day
           ,
           whilst
           
           most
           of
           the
           common
           souldiers
           ranne
           over
           Wie
           bridge
           into
           Wales
           ,
           only
           the
           Commanders
           and
           Gentlemen
           remained
           and
           were
           reported
           to
           be
           held
           in
           by
           the
           Townsmen
           ,
           to
           sweeten
           the
           surrender
           ,
           and
           obtaine
           better
           quarter
           .
           Next
           morning
           they
           rendred
           :
           the
           chiefe
           prisoners
           here
           taken
           were
           the
           Lord
           Scudamore
           ,
           Colonell
           Coningsby
           Sir
           
             William
             Crofts
          
           ,
           &c.
           few
           horse
           and
           private
           souldiers
           ,
           but
           store
           of
           Armes
           and
           Ammunition
           .
           The
           Town
           compounded
           ,
           was
           secured
           from
           plunder
           ,
           and
           after
           fourteen
           dayes
           deserted
           .
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           obtained
           many
           faire
           victories
           ,
           but
           had
           no
           power
           to
           make
           them
           good
           because
           his
           field
           was
           too
           large
           for
           that
           strength
           ;
           and
           the
           State
           made
           an
           inconsiderable
           number
           of
           men
           the
           only
           stay
           of
           the
           remote
           parts
           .
           These
           could
           over-run
           the
           enemies
           Countrey
           ,
           but
           get
           no
           ground
           ,
           master
           no
           strong
           hold
           ,
           nor
           reduce
           a
           people
           naturally
           malignant
           ,
           that
           were
           dashed
           at
           present
           ,
           but
           did
           flourish
           again
           in
           the
           reverse
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           .
           The
           next
           attempt
           was
           made
           upon
           Worcester
           ,
           whither
           all
           the
           horse
           and
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           the
           blue
           Regiment
           were
           drawn
           .
           They
           at
           Oxford
           were
           said
           to
           have
           yeelded
           that
           Town
           for
           lost
           ,
           and
           to
           give
           out
           that
           Sir
           William
           was
           gone
           to
           take
           possession
           of
           his
           purchase
           .
           For
           at
           that
           time
           Treason
           was
           the
           pretended
           cause
           of
           every
           losse
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           especially
           if
           weak
           and
           unworthy
           .
           Both
           horse
           and
           foot
           came
           up
           before
           the
           City
           ,
           where
           they
           lay
           a
           day
           and
           a
           night
           ,
           effected
           nothing
           ,
           and
           were
           drawn
           off
           at
           the
           noise
           of
           the
           Lord
           Capels
           advance
           ;
           at
           which
           instant
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           was
           taken
           off
           these
           parts
           ,
           and
           ordered
           to
           march
           into
           the
           West
           ,
           with
           all
           speed
           to
           prevent
           the
           joyning
           of
           Sir
           
             Ralph
             Hoptons
          
           forces
           with
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           .
           Sir
           
             Robert
             Cooks
          
           Regiment
           was
           called
           off
           from
           Tewksbury
           for
           the
           Western
           expedition
           ,
           and
           that
           Town
           once
           more
           slighted
           .
        
         
           Hitherto
           Lievtenant
           Colonell
           Massie
           governed
           the
           City
           of
           Glocester
           by
           deputation
           from
           the
           Earle
           of
           Stanford
           ,
           whose
           returne
           was
           not
           expected
           ;
           wherefore
           the
           thoughts
           of
           the
           Citizens
           began
           to
           enquire
           after
           a
           Governour
           .
           They
           thought
           well
           of
           a
           man
           neare
           home
           ,
           and
           cast
           their
           eye
           upon
           a
           knowne
           Patriot
           .
           Neverthelesse
           more
           intelligent
           men
           upon
           the
           serious
           review
           of
           the
           Cities
           continuall
           hazard
           ,
           found
           that
           the
           necessity
           of
           this
           place
           did
           require
           a
           tried
           Souldier
           ,
           and
           that
           such
           a
           one
           might
           possibly
           be
           found
           faithfull
           ;
           but
           a
           timorous
           or
           unskilfull
           man
           must
           needs
           ruine
           all
           .
           Wherfore
           they
           reflected
           on
           Massie
           ,
           whose
           good
           services
           gave
           them
           also
           
           a
           competent
           assurance
           of
           his
           fidelity
           ;
           that
           by
           the
           happy
           choice
           of
           the
           Citizens
           and
           the
           Lord
           Generals
           Commission
           ,
           he
           was
           appointed
           Governour
           .
           To
           enable
           the
           City
           to
           defend
           it selfe
           ,
           a
           foot
           Regiment
           was
           raised
           by
           Commission
           from
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           out
           of
           the
           Townsmen
           ,
           for
           the
           major
           part
           both
           Officers
           and
           Souldiers
           ,
           under
           the
           Command
           of
           Colonell
           
             Henry
             Stephens
          
           .
           The
           first
           intention
           of
           this
           Regiment
           was
           to
           defend
           the
           City
           only
           within
           the
           walls
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           infancy
           of
           warre
           ;
           but
           the
           hard
           service
           of
           this
           place
           did
           suddenly
           require
           and
           exact
           the
           full
           duty
           of
           Souldiers
           .
           At
           this
           instant
           the
           City
           was
           well
           becalmed
           ,
           only
           there
           hapned
           one
           passage
           of
           inferiour
           nature
           ,
           but
           full
           of
           the
           fortune
           of
           warre
           .
           The
           Governour
           with
           a
           party
           of
           an
           hundred
           and
           twenty
           Horse
           and
           Dragoons
           ,
           advanced
           towards
           Stow
           in
           the
           wold
           ,
           to
           beat
           up
           the
           enemies
           quarters
           ;
           By
           break
           of
           day
           he
           fell
           into
           Slaughter
           ,
           took
           a
           Lievtenant
           ,
           twelve
           Troopers
           ,
           horse
           and
           armes
           ,
           and
           thence
           marched
           to
           Odington
           a
           mile
           beyond
           Stow
           ,
           where
           he
           surprised
           a
           Captaine
           of
           a
           Troop
           with
           forty
           men
           and
           horse
           ,
           and
           so
           made
           homewards
           ,
           neglecting
           the
           residue
           of
           the
           enemy
           ,
           who
           drew
           out
           of
           their
           quarters
           with
           all
           speed
           .
           The
           remainder
           of
           their
           Regiment
           fell
           upon
           the
           reere
           of
           our
           men
           ,
           neare
           unto
           Slaughter
           with
           some
           slight
           execution
           ,
           but
           were
           beaten
           back
           .
           The
           Governour
           being
           confident
           he
           was
           able
           to
           fight
           with
           them
           upon
           any
           ground
           ,
           made
           no
           haste
           to
           march
           off
           ,
           till
           the
           enemy
           had
           received
           a
           supply
           of
           Horse
           from
           Sudely
           Castle
           ,
           and
           again
           charged
           him
           at
           Andovers
           foord
           ,
           whom
           our
           men
           received
           gallantly
           ,
           and
           repulsed
           without
           any
           losse
           .
           The
           Captaine
           that
           led
           the
           Van
           was
           slain
           by
           the
           Governours
           hand
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           wheeled
           about
           ;
           whereupon
           the
           Governour
           dismounted
           the
           Dragoons
           ,
           and
           divided
           his
           men
           into
           three
           bodies
           ,
           the
           horse
           to
           the
           right
           and
           left
           wing
           ,
           in
           this
           posture
           resolving
           to
           march
           up
           to
           the
           enemy
           (
           who
           would
           gladly
           rid
           their
           hands
           of
           the
           businesse
           )
           but
           having
           advanced
           a
           little
           distance
           ,
           and
           looking
           back
           to
           bring
           on
           his
           men
           ,
           saw
           the
           greater
           part
           in
           a
           strange
           hurry
           ,
           occasioned
           by
           the
           faceing
           about
           of
           some
           cowardly
           spirits
           ,
           and
           himselfe
           with
           those
           dismounted
           men
           desperately
           engaged
           ;
           for
           a
           while
           he
           shuffled
           amongst
           the
           enemies
           Troopes
           ,
           till
           observing
           himself
           eyed
           by
           some
           ,
           he
           sprang
           forth
           ,
           fired
           in
           their
           faces
           ,
           and
           came
           last
           off
           the
           field
           upon
           the
           maine
           roade
           .
           He
           offended
           here
           ,
           by
           affecting
           too
           much
           gallantry
           ,
           and
           was
           deceived
           in
           his
           new
           raised
           men
           ,
           who
           were
           not
           hardned
           by
           the
           sight
           of
           an
           enemy
           .
           Besides
           ,
           
           no
           ordinary
           care
           was
           had
           of
           securing
           the
           prisoners
           ,
           who
           were
           all
           recovered
           back
           .
           Four
           of
           ours
           were
           slaine
           ,
           many
           wounded
           ;
           Colonell
           Stephens
           ,
           a
           Lievtenant
           ,
           with
           five
           and
           twenty
           private
           souldiers
           taken
           prisoners
           .
           The
           springing
           hopes
           of
           Colonell
           Stephens
           failed
           unfortunately
           ,
           when
           his
           eager
           minde
           ,
           engaged
           him
           in
           the
           action
           without
           order
           ,
           and
           against
           the
           will
           of
           the
           Commander
           in
           chiefe
           ;
           he
           had
           no
           command
           in
           the
           action
           ,
           but
           hasted
           after
           as
           greedy
           of
           the
           service
           ;
           he
           was
           led
           captive
           to
           Oxford
           ,
           and
           a
           while
           after
           breathed
           his
           last
           in
           that
           poysonous
           ayre
           ,
           where
           many
           Gentlemen
           were
           observed
           in
           those
           dayes
           to
           expire
           .
        
         
           Amidst
           these
           things
           Sir
           
             Iohn
             Winter
          
           ,
           a
           zealous
           Papist
           ,
           began
           to
           declare
           himselfe
           .
           A
           subtile
           wit
           ,
           that
           pretended
           innocency
           till
           his
           houre
           was
           come
           ,
           and
           had
           almost
           perswaded
           the
           world
           that
           he
           durst
           deny
           himselfe
           ,
           and
           commit
           an
           unpardonable
           sinne
           against
           the
           Catholike
           Cause
           .
           His
           house
           in
           the
           Forrest
           of
           Deane
           was
           at
           first
           neglected
           ,
           when
           it
           was
           in
           the
           power
           of
           this
           Garrison
           to
           ruine
           his
           designe
           .
           But
           under
           hand
           he
           prepared
           for
           defence
           ,
           suddenly
           clapt
           in
           his
           owne
           Confidents
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           little
           labour
           made
           it
           inaccessible
           ,
           but
           with
           apparent
           great
           losse
           ,
           and
           maintained
           his
           den
           as
           the
           plague
           of
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           and
           a
           goad
           in
           the
           sides
           of
           this
           Garrison
           .
           These
           things
           were
           acted
           about
           the
           time
           of
           that
           blow
           almost
           fatall
           to
           the
           Parliaments
           cause
           ,
           in
           the
           vanquishing
           of
           Sir
           
             William
             Wallers
          
           Army
           at
           the
           Devices
           ;
           which
           defeat
           cast
           these
           parts
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           into
           a
           miserable
           plight
           ,
           when
           the
           State
           had
           placed
           the
           whole
           game
           in
           the
           successe
           of
           this
           Army
           ,
           never
           providing
           a
           reserve
           .
           The
           King
           became
           master
           of
           the
           field
           ,
           the
           Parliament
           left
           without
           an
           Army
           that
           could
           check
           the
           enemy
           ,
           who
           came
           up
           to
           our
           gates
           ,
           and
           by
           threats
           would
           seeme
           to
           shake
           the
           walls
           of
           the
           City
           .
           Many
           began
           to
           prepare
           for
           flight
           ,
           whose
           presence
           no
           reall
           necessity
           ,
           but
           the
           peoples
           opinion
           did
           require
           .
           They
           at
           Bristoll
           disclosed
           their
           feares
           ,
           and
           gave
           no
           good
           presages
           .
           And
           when
           that
           City
           was
           yeelded
           ,
           Gloucester
           did
           stand
           alone
           without
           help
           and
           hope
           .
           The
           Lord
           Generals
           Army
           pined
           away
           :
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           at
           London
           for
           a
           recruit
           :
           The
           Earle
           of
           Stamford
           shut
           up
           within
           the
           walls
           of
           Exeter
           :
           The
           Kings
           Countrey
           reached
           from
           the
           utmost
           Cornwall
           to
           the
           borders
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           he
           was
           able
           to
           divide
           his
           Army
           ,
           one
           part
           for
           Exeter
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           for
           Gloucester
           .
        
         
           That
           sudden
           surrender
           of
           Bristoll
           ,
           which
           was
           almost
           beyond
           our
           
           feares
           ,
           brought
           forth
           a
           dark
           gloomy
           day
           to
           the
           City
           of
           Gloucester
           .
           The
           mindes
           of
           people
           were
           filled
           with
           amazement
           ,
           and
           the
           failing
           of
           such
           a
           promising
           Government
           made
           most
           men
           infidels
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           to
           question
           all
           things
           .
           But
           here
           was
           the
           greatest
           mischiefe
           of
           all
           :
           Many
           were
           not
           wanting
           to
           debate
           upon
           the
           maine
           cause
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ;
           malignant
           spirits
           took
           the
           advantage
           of
           our
           misery
           ,
           and
           unstable
           mindes
           ,
           who
           beholding
           only
           the
           surface
           of
           things
           ,
           and
           led
           by
           the
           common
           voice
           of
           their
           equals
           ,
           were
           flushed
           in
           prosperous
           times
           ,
           now
           became
           crest-fallen
           ,
           and
           questioned
           the
           passages
           of
           State
           ,
           conceiving
           each
           miscarriage
           a
           fundamentall
           errour
           ,
           and
           accounting
           their
           present
           sufferings
           not
           for
           Religion
           and
           Liberty
           ,
           but
           some
           scruples
           of
           State
           policy
           .
           The
           state
           of
           things
           required
           strong
           resolution
           ;
           the
           usuall
           posture
           could
           not
           pretend
           to
           the
           safety
           of
           the
           place
           .
           The
           souldiers
           therefore
           acted
           with
           mindes
           more
           sturdy
           and
           vigorous
           as
           desperate
           concerning
           the
           enemy
           ,
           but
           not
           in
           despaire
           of
           their
           owne
           party
           .
           The
           Commanders
           reserved
           no
           place
           of
           retreat
           ,
           and
           if
           causlesse
           jealousies
           over-clouded
           any
           ,
           they
           put
           themselves
           upon
           a
           free
           Declaration
           .
           The
           old
           and
           carefull
           souldiers
           who
           were
           unlucky
           in
           the
           censures
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           upon
           the
           first
           arrivall
           of
           the
           sad
           newes
           from
           Bristoll
           ,
           vented
           themselves
           in
           sharp
           and
           cutted
           speeches
           ,
           which
           bursting
           from
           the
           fulnesse
           of
           the
           thoughts
           ,
           did
           imprint
           and
           pierce
           ,
           were
           received
           for
           good
           prognosticks
           ,
           and
           repaired
           likewise
           that
           credit
           ,
           which
           the
           presumption
           of
           a
           conceived
           opinion
           bore
           down
           ,
           and
           an
           ordinary
           good
           behaviour
           could
           hardly
           raise
           up
           ,
           but
           happily
           regained
           by
           one
           violent
           and
           severer
           passage
           .
           The
           Officers
           were
           to
           give
           in
           a
           full
           resolve
           ,
           that
           no
           place
           be
           left
           for
           an
           after
           dispute
           ;
           wherefore
           they
           vowed
           never
           to
           see
           within
           the
           gates
           the
           face
           of
           a
           conquering
           enemy
           .
           But
           chiefly
           the
           hearts
           of
           the
           people
           were
           to
           be
           held
           up
           ,
           wherefore
           the
           Governour
           appeared
           in
           publike
           ,
           rode
           from
           place
           to
           place
           with
           a
           cheerfull
           aspect
           ,
           and
           bearing
           before
           him
           no
           change
           in
           the
           sudden
           alteration
           of
           fortune
           .
           To
           them
           that
           enquired
           into
           his
           very
           thoughts
           ,
           hee
           gave
           assurance
           of
           safety
           ,
           concealing
           the
           danger
           ,
           or
           lessening
           its
           esteem
           .
           Fear
           did
           not
           beget
           confusion
           ,
           but
           things
           were
           transacted
           in
           a
           calm
           and
           constant
           order
           .
           The
           presages
           of
           misery
           were
           exquisitely
           shunned
           ,
           and
           the
           least
           shew
           of
           distraction
           and
           weaknesse
           forbidden
           .
           Money
           ,
           Plate
           ,
           valuable
           goods
           ,
           or
           any
           kinde
           of
           riches
           were
           not
           suffered
           to
           passe
           the
           Gates
           ,
           but
           here
           to
           rest
           as
           in
           a
           safe
           Treasury
           ,
           
           that
           the
           people
           might
           resolve
           upon
           a
           happy
           Deliverance
           or
           an
           utter
           Destruction
           .
           Neverthelesse
           ,
           whosoever
           was
           weak
           and
           faint-hearted
           ,
           had
           leave
           to
           depart
           the
           City
           .
           Meane
           while
           the
           enemy
           dealt
           underhand
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           mediation
           of
           seeming
           friends
           affectionately
           sollicited
           a
           Surrender
           ,
           with
           terrible
           information
           of
           our
           manifold
           losses
           abroad
           ,
           of
           the
           rage
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           and
           inevirable
           desolation
           ;
           and
           withall
           tendred
           the
           opportunity
           of
           an
           Accommodation
           between
           his
           Majesty
           and
           the
           Citizens
           .
           The
           mouthes
           of
           the
           viler
           people
           were
           filled
           with
           curses
           against
           the
           authours
           of
           our
           engagements
           .
           We
           received
           strange
           intimations
           of
           dreadfull
           things
           concerning
           the
           State.
           The
           whole
           Countrey
           forsook
           us
           ,
           and
           employed
           some
           to
           represent
           their
           desires
           and
           thoughts
           of
           the
           businesse
           ,
           who
           in
           the
           generall
           had
           so
           farre
           revolted
           from
           themselves
           ,
           as
           to
           perswade
           us
           to
           make
           our
           peace
           with
           the
           enemy
           ,
           and
           to
           befool
           and
           execrate
           our
           perseverance
           ;
           for
           they
           conceived
           the
           standing
           out
           of
           Gloucester
           ,
           however
           advantagious
           to
           the
           Common-wealth
           ,
           yet
           miserable
           for
           them
           ;
           because
           by
           the
           falling
           down
           of
           a
           great
           Army
           ,
           they
           expected
           a
           destruction
           of
           corn
           and
           cattle
           ,
           and
           if
           at
           last
           the
           King
           should
           not
           take
           in
           this
           place
           ,
           to
           stoop
           perpetually
           under
           two
           burthens
           ,
           and
           be
           cast
           into
           a
           remedilesse
           condition
           of
           misery
           and
           poverty
           .
           Whereas
           if
           the
           enemy
           should
           prevaile
           ,
           they
           were
           sure
           to
           rest
           in
           the
           heart
           of
           the
           Kings
           Countrey
           ,
           farre
           from
           spoile
           and
           plunder
           ,
           and
           have
           as
           free
           and
           ample
           trade
           as
           in
           times
           of
           peace
           .
           The
           Citizens
           examined
           their
           own
           strength
           and
           grounds
           of
           perseverance
           ;
           a
           Common
           Councell
           was
           held
           ,
           the
           Officers
           being
           present
           ,
           their
           late
           protestation
           brought
           to
           remembrance
           ,
           by
           which
           they
           were
           all
           obliged
           never
           to
           act
           or
           comply
           with
           the
           adverse
           faction
           ,
           and
           upon
           that
           pretext
           joyntly
           refused
           the
           tender
           of
           peace
           .
           Neverthelesse
           a
           great
           number
           of
           the
           Inhabitants
           were
           only
           not
           malignants
           ,
           but
           born
           up
           by
           the
           zeale
           of
           the
           rest
           ,
           and
           the
           souldiers
           power
           ;
           and
           those
           stuck
           most
           to
           the
           businesse
           ,
           who
           were
           held
           up
           by
           the
           deep
           sense
           of
           Religion
           or
           acknowledged
           a
           necessity
           to
           withstand
           a
           malicious
           and
           enraged
           enemy
           ,
           whose
           implacable
           hatred
           urged
           them
           to
           offend
           against
           their
           own
           designs
           ,
           and
           by
           horrid
           threatnings
           to
           make
           the
           attempt
           more
           desperate
           .
           A
           den
           of
           Rebels
           was
           the
           common
           language
           :
           A
           few
           dayes
           respit
           recovered
           the
           City
           ,
           and
           reports
           of
           a
           sudden
           reliefe
           did
           reare
           up
           the
           spirits
           of
           the
           common
           people
           .
           No
           crosse
           ,
           show
           ,
           or
           doubtfull
           resolutions
           did
           hinder
           
           the
           businesse
           ;
           all
           suspended
           their
           private
           cares
           ,
           and
           the
           women
           and
           children
           acted
           their
           parts
           in
           making
           up
           the
           defects
           of
           the
           fortifications
           .
           The
           strength
           of
           Gloucester
           was
           no
           more
           then
           two
           Regiments
           of
           foot
           ,
           an
           hundred
           horse
           with
           the
           Trained
           Bands
           ,
           and
           a
           few
           reformadoes
           ;
           there
           were
           besides
           about
           an
           hundred
           horse
           and
           dragoons
           from
           Berkley
           Castle
           ,
           in
           the
           whole
           about
           fifteen
           hundred
           men
           :
           forty
           single
           barrels
           of
           gunpowder
           ,
           with
           a
           slender
           artillery
           .
           The
           works
           of
           a
           large
           compasse
           ,
           not
           halfe
           perfect
           ;
           From
           the
           South-gate
           eastward
           almost
           to
           the
           North
           Port
           ,
           the
           City
           was
           defended
           with
           an
           ancient
           Wall
           lined
           with
           earth
           to
           a
           reasonable
           heigth
           ;
           thence
           to
           the
           North-gate
           ,
           with
           a
           slender
           work
           upon
           a
           low
           ground
           ,
           having
           the
           advantage
           of
           a
           stone
           Barn
           that
           commanded
           severall
           wayes
           :
           Vpon
           the
           lower
           part
           of
           the
           City
           ,
           from
           the
           North
           to
           the
           West-gate
           ,
           (
           being
           a
           large
           tract
           of
           ground
           )
           there
           was
           no
           ancient
           defence
           ,
           but
           a
           small
           work
           newly
           raysed
           ,
           with
           the
           advantage
           of
           marish
           grounds
           without
           ,
           and
           a
           line
           drawn
           within
           from
           the
           inner
           North
           gate
           under
           the
           Colledge
           wall
           to
           the
           Priory
           of
           St
           Oswálds
           .
           From
           the
           West
           towards
           the
           South
           gate
           along
           the
           River
           side
           ,
           no
           more
           defence
           then
           the
           River
           it selfe
           ,
           and
           the
           meadowes
           beyond
           levell
           with
           the
           Town
           :
           from
           the
           Castle
           to
           the
           Southport
           ,
           a
           firme
           and
           lofty
           work
           to
           command
           the
           high
           ground
           in
           the
           Suburbs
           .
           The
           ditches
           narrow
           ,
           but
           watered
           round
           .
           In
           this
           posture
           did
           the
           City
           stand
           when
           the
           Kings
           forces
           hovoured
           over
           the
           hills
           ,
           and
           now
           and
           then
           skirted
           upon
           the
           Town
           ,
           before
           a
           close
           siege
           was
           laid
           :
           upon
           the
           tenth
           of
           August
           ,
           they
           came
           down
           like
           a
           torrent
           full
           of
           victory
           and
           revenge
           ,
           with
           indignation
           that
           a
           forlorne
           City
           should
           stand
           before
           them
           .
           Neverthelesse
           they
           would
           faine
           overcome
           without
           bloud
           ,
           and
           the
           losse
           of
           time
           ,
           then
           pretious
           in
           their
           full
           career
           of
           victory
           .
           For
           which
           end
           His
           Majesty
           came
           in
           person
           before
           it
           ,
           that
           the
           terror
           of
           his
           presence
           might
           prevaile
           with
           some
           ,
           and
           the
           person
           of
           the
           King
           amaze
           the
           simple
           ,
           and
           seem
           to
           alter
           the
           case
           .
           Thus
           they
           began
           to
           work
           ,
           because
           the
           Mayor
           had
           answered
           a
           former
           summons
           from
           Prince
           Rupert
           ,
           that
           according
           to
           his
           Oath
           he
           kept
           the
           Town
           in
           His
           Majesties
           behoof
           ,
           and
           some
           whisperers
           gave
           a
           malignant
           intimation
           that
           the
           Kings
           presence
           would
           sway
           the
           people
           .
           And
           it
           was
           so
           ,
           that
           the
           Town
           was
           held
           for
           the
           use
           of
           His
           Majesty
           ,
           but
           according
           to
           the
           sense
           of
           the
           houses
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           the
           Citizens
           put
           no
           difference
           between
           a
           command
           in
           person
           or
           deputation
           .
           
           whereupon
           His
           Majesty
           gave
           this
           honorable
           summons
           by
           two
           Heraulds
           at
           Armes
           .
        
         
           
             
               
                 Charles
                 Rex
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 OVt
                 of
                 our
                 tender
                 compassion
                 to
                 our
                 City
                 of
                 Gloucester
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 it
                 may
                 not
                 receive
                 prejudice
                 by
                 our
                 Army
                 ,
                 which
                 we
                 cannot
                 prevent
                 if
                 we
                 be
                 compelled
                 to
                 assault
                 it
                 :
                 VVe
                 are
                 personally
                 come
                 before
                 it
                 ,
                 to
                 require
                 the
                 same
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 graciously
                 pleased
                 to
                 let
                 all
                 the
                 inhabitants
                 of
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 other
                 persons
                 within
                 that
                 City
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 Souldiers
                 as
                 others
                 know
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 they
                 shall
                 immediately
                 submit
                 themselves
                 ,
                 and
                 deliver
                 this
                 City
                 to
                 Vs
                 ,
                 VVe
                 are
                 contented
                 freely
                 and
                 absolutely
                 to
                 pardon
                 every
                 one
                 of
                 them
                 without
                 exception
                 ,
                 and
                 doe
                 assure
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 word
                 of
                 a
                 King
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 nor
                 any
                 of
                 them
                 shall
                 receive
                 the
                 least
                 dammage
                 or
                 prejudice
                 by
                 Our
                 Army
                 in
                 their
                 persons
                 ,
                 or
                 estates
                 .
                 But
                 that
                 VVe
                 will
                 appoint
                 such
                 a
                 Governor
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 moderate
                 garrison
                 to
                 reside
                 there
                 as
                 shall
                 be
                 both
                 for
                 the
                 ease
                 and
                 security
                 of
                 that
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 whole
                 County
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 they
                 shall
                 neglect
                 this
                 offer
                 of
                 grace
                 ,
                 and
                 favour
                 ,
                 and
                 compell
                 Vs
                 by
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 Our
                 Army
                 to
                 reduce
                 that
                 place
                 (
                 which
                 by
                 the
                 helpe
                 of
                 God
                 We
                 shall
                 easily
                 and
                 shortly
                 be
                 able
                 to
                 doe
                 )
                 they
                 must
                 thanke
                 themselves
                 for
                 all
                 the
                 calamities
                 ,
                 and
                 miseries
                 that
                 shall
                 befall
                 them
                 .
                 To
                 this
                 Message
                 We
                 expect
                 a
                 cleare
                 and
                 positive
                 answer
                 ,
                 within
                 two
                 houres
                 after
                 the
                 publishing
                 hereof
                 ?
                 And
                 by
                 these
                 presents
                 doe
                 give
                 leave
                 to
                 any
                 persons
                 safely
                 to
                 repaire
                 to
                 ,
                 and
                 returne
                 from
                 Vs
                 ,
                 whom
                 that
                 City
                 shall
                 desire
                 to
                 imploy
                 unto
                 Vs
                 in
                 that
                 businesse
                 ,
                 And
                 We
                 do
                 require
                 all
                 the
                 Officers
                 and
                 Souldiers
                 of
                 Our
                 Army
                 ,
                 quietly
                 to
                 suffer
                 them
                 to
                 passe
                 accordingly
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           The
           King
           by
           this
           time
           drew
           into
           the
           field
           before
           the
           Towne
           ,
           attended
           by
           Prince
           Charles
           ,
           the
           Duke
           of
           Yorke
           ,
           Prince
           Rupert
           and
           Generall
           Ruthen
           ,
           faced
           us
           with
           about
           six
           thousand
           horse
           and
           
           foote
           on
           that
           side
           ,
           and
           two
           thousand
           horse
           on
           the
           other
           side
           .
           After
           some
           debate
           upon
           the
           Message
           ,
           an
           answer
           was
           drawn
           ,
           consented
           unto
           ,
           both
           by
           Citizens
           and
           Souldiers
           ,
           and
           presented
           to
           His
           Majesty
           by
           Serjeant
           Major
           Pudsey
           ,
           and
           a
           Citizen
           .
        
         
           
             
               
                 VVE
                 the
                 Inhab●●●●●
                 ,
                 Magistrates
                 ,
                 Officers
                 ,
                 and
                 Souldiers
                 ,
                 within
                 this
                 Garrison
                 of
                 Gloucester
                 ,
                 unto
                 his
                 Majesties
                 gratious
                 Message
                 return
                 this
                 humble
                 Answer
                 ,
                 That
                 we
                 do
                 keep
                 this
                 City
                 according
                 to
                 our
                 Oath
                 and
                 Allegiance
                 ,
                 to
                 and
                 for
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 his
                 Majesty
                 and
                 his
                 royall
                 Posterity
                 ,
                 and
                 doe
                 accordingly
                 conceive
                 our selves
                 wholly
                 bound
                 to
                 obey
                 the
                 Commands
                 of
                 his
                 Majesty
                 signified
                 by
                 both
                 Houses
                 of
                 Parliament
                 ;
                 and
                 are
                 resolved
                 by
                 Gods
                 help
                 to
                 keep
                 this
                 City
                 accordingly
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           His
           Majesty
           with
           all
           mildnesse
           seemed
           to
           receive
           this
           answer
           ,
           onely
           to
           wonder
           at
           our
           confidence
           ,
           and
           whence
           wee
           expected
           succour
           ,
           adding
           these
           words
           ,
           Waller
           is
           extinct
           ,
           and
           Essex
           cannot
           come
           .
           The
           enemy
           advanced
           forwards
           into
           the
           Suburbs
           on
           the
           East
           side
           ,
           where
           they
           lost
           a
           Commander
           in
           the
           first
           skirmish
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           were
           fired
           out
           ;
           for
           upon
           the
           returne
           of
           the
           messengers
           the
           Suburbs
           on
           each
           part
           of
           the
           City
           were
           all
           in
           a
           flame
           ,
           which
           did
           secure
           and
           more
           strongly
           engage
           us
           ,
           and
           which
           the
           enemy
           beheld
           as
           the
           act
           of
           desperate
           Rebells
           ;
           for
           those
           dreadfull
           sights
           doe
           seeme
           to
           higthen
           and
           bloud
           the
           minds
           of
           men
           .
           The
           next
           day
           we
           discovered
           that
           they
           had
           begun
           their
           entrenchments
           on
           the
           South
           and
           East
           parts
           ,
           the
           night
           before
           in
           the
           shadow
           and
           shelter
           of
           the
           houses
           which
           the
           flames
           had
           not
           catched
           ,
           within
           Musket-shot
           of
           the
           walls
           .
           They
           in
           the
           trenches
           plyed
           their
           worke
           whilest
           the
           Musketteers
           played
           hard
           on
           both
           sides
           .
           Yet
           our
           men
           from
           the
           walls
           could
           doe
           little
           to
           retard
           their
           pioners
           ,
           but
           by
           severall
           sallies
           with
           small
           parties
           fell
           into
           their
           trenches
           ,
           beate
           them
           out
           ,
           gained
           some
           working-tooles
           ,
           armes
           and
           prisoners
           ,
           and
           retreated
           without
           losse
           .
           Our
           ordnance
           likewise
           from
           the
           East
           gate
           killed
           some
           sew
           ,
           and
           among
           the
           rest
           a
           Lieutenant
           Colonell
           ,
           and
           Captaine
           of
           the
           Queens
           black
           Regiment
           ,
           Sir
           
             Iacob
             Ashley
          
           was
           then
           shot
           in
           the
           arme
           ,
           and
           
           upon
           severall
           approaches
           we
           beat
           of
           the
           enemy
           ,
           killed
           and
           wounded
           many
           .
        
         
           By
           that
           time
           the
           Welch
           forces
           under
           the
           command
           of
           Sir
           
             Wil.
             Vavasour
          
           ,
           were
           advanced
           to
           the
           Bishops
           house
           ,
           halfe
           a
           mile
           from
           the
           West-gate
           ,
           one
           of
           our
           outguards
           by
           us
           intended
           to
           keep
           off
           the
           approach
           of
           the
           Welch
           ,
           but
           now
           deserted
           for
           want
           of
           men
           and
           that
           nothing
           might
           be
           lost
           which
           we
           purposed
           to
           defend
           .
           Here
           they
           left
           a
           sufficient
           guard
           and
           passed
           over
           the
           River
           to
           joyne
           with
           the
           forces
           that
           newly
           arrived
           from
           Worcester
           :
           who
           made
           their
           leager
           on
           the
           North-west
           side
           of
           the
           City
           .
           Generall
           Ruthen
           placed
           his
           leager
           behind
           the
           Priory
           of
           Lanthony
           on
           the
           South-side
           very
           neere
           ,
           but
           sheltred
           from
           our
           shot
           by
           a
           rising
           ground
           .
           Sir
           
             Iacob
             Ashley
          
           with
           a
           strong
           party
           quartered
           in
           some
           part
           of
           the
           Suburbs
           on
           the
           East-side
           .
           The
           East
           and
           South
           ports
           were
           dammed
           up
           ,
           and
           rammed
           with
           a
           thicknesse
           of
           Earth
           Cannon
           proofe
           ,
           and
           the
           Walls
           on
           that
           side
           from
           port
           to
           port
           were
           lined
           to
           the
           Battlements
           ,
           since
           there
           wee
           thought
           to
           receive
           the
           maine
           shock
           .
        
         
           Three
           dayes
           after
           the
           siege
           laid
           ,
           an
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           Musketteers
           commanded
           by
           Captaine
           Gray
           ,
           sallied
           over
           the
           workes
           upon
           the
           Worcester
           forces
           ,
           with
           whom
           the
           Welch
           had
           not
           yet
           joyned
           ,
           fell
           into
           their
           quarters
           ,
           marched
           up
           to
           their
           maine
           guard
           ,
           killed
           a
           Captaine
           with
           eight
           or
           nine
           common
           Souldiers
           ,
           tooke
           five
           prisoners
           ,
           divers
           armes
           ,
           burnt
           their
           guard
           ,
           and
           retreated
           without
           the
           losse
           of
           any
           ;
           within
           a
           day
           after
           upon
           some
           suspition
           and
           kinde
           of
           intelligence
           that
           the
           enemies
           Ordnance
           lay
           undiscovered
           in
           some
           grounds
           neere
           the
           Northgate
           ;
           Captaine
           Mallery
           was
           commanded
           forth
           with
           a
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           Musketiers
           to
           surprise
           it
           ,
           but
           finding
           none
           ,
           retreated
           without
           losse
           ,
           having
           killed
           some
           ,
           taken
           a
           few
           prisoners
           and
           fired
           some
           of
           their
           quarters
           .
           Vpon
           the
           sixteenth
           of
           August
           an
           other
           party
           of
           an
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           Musketiers
           ,
           commanded
           by
           Captaine
           Crispe
           sallied
           forth
           at
           the
           North-port
           ,
           fell
           into
           their
           trenches
           under
           the
           Town
           wall
           on
           the
           East-side
           ,
           marched
           above
           halfe
           way
           through
           them
           ,
           performed
           gallantly
           ,
           killed
           above
           an
           hundred
           men
           as
           was
           confessed
           by
           some
           of
           the
           enemy
           ,
           wounded
           many
           ,
           beat
           them
           out
           of
           their
           workes
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           helpe
           of
           out
           Musketiers
           from
           the
           wall
           ,
           retreated
           without
           the
           losse
           of
           any
           ,
           only
           two
           wounded
           after
           a
           very
           hot
           skirmish
           ,
           for
           the
           space
           of
           halfe
           an
           
           houre
           ,
           the
           Cannon
           and
           Musquets
           on
           both
           sides
           playing
           most
           furiously
           .
           These
           executions
           put
           those
           within
           on
           a
           desperate
           straine
           ,
           and
           heated
           their
           minds
           with
           bloud
           .
        
         
           The
           Enemy
           was
           indefatigable
           and
           swift
           in
           the
           entrenchments
           .
           The
           workes
           from
           the
           South
           and
           East
           gates
           ,
           hasted
           to
           meete
           each
           other
           ;
           their
           preparations
           seemed
           more
           tedious
           ,
           yet
           effectuall
           and
           certaine
           and
           tended
           withall
           to
           save
           the
           lives
           of
           their
           men
           .
           Wherefore
           they
           chused
           not
           a
           sudden
           storme
           on
           the
           lower
           and
           weaker
           parts
           of
           the
           City
           ,
           but
           rather
           to
           prepare
           the
           assault
           on
           the
           strongest
           side
           ,
           yet
           most
           easy
           to
           their
           intention
           .
           For
           there
           only
           could
           they
           rayse
           the
           workes
           without
           the
           annoyance
           of
           the
           water-springs
           ,
           that
           issued
           in
           the
           lower
           grounds
           ;
           there
           only
           could
           they
           make
           battery
           within
           Pistoll
           shot
           of
           the
           walls
           ,
           that
           wanted
           flankers
           ;
           and
           when
           they
           had
           once
           entred
           a
           breach
           there
           ,
           they
           were
           instantly
           possest
           of
           the
           highest
           part
           of
           the
           Town
           .
           On
           this
           side
           therefore
           were
           their
           Ordnance
           brought
           up
           ,
           and
           first
           two
           Culverin
           of
           sixteen
           pound
           bullet
           were
           planted
           on
           the
           East
           side
           ,
           a
           little
           out
           of
           musket-shot
           ,
           where
           they
           made
           some
           store
           of
           shot
           ,
           but
           did
           no
           execution
           .
           Next
           they
           planted
           three
           pieces
           of
           Ordnance
           of
           foureteene
           and
           five
           and
           twenty
           pound
           bullet
           upon
           their
           battery
           in
           a
           square
           redoubt
           ,
           on
           the
           South-side
           ,
           and
           began
           to
           batter
           the
           corner
           point
           of
           the
           wall
           ,
           and
           a
           brick
           house
           adjoyning
           ,
           where
           one
           of
           our
           men
           was
           killed
           ,
           without
           more
           harme
           .
           Then
           they
           played
           upon
           our
           Ordnance
           mounted
           against
           their
           battery
           point
           blanck
           ,
           and
           made
           some
           slight
           breach
           ,
           which
           was
           quickly
           stopped
           up
           with
           wooll-packs
           ,
           and
           Cannon
           baskets
           .
           By
           this
           time
           they
           had
           drawne
           the
           trench
           neer
           the
           moate
           ,
           where
           they
           made
           a
           kind
           of
           mine
           to
           drain
           it
           ,
           and
           sunk
           much
           of
           the
           water
           :
           and
           attempted
           to
           cast
           faggots
           into
           the
           moate
           ,
           but
           were
           beaten
           off
           by
           our
           musketiers
           .
           At
           severall
           times
           they
           shot
           large
           Granadoes
           out
           of
           their
           Morter-pieces
           many
           fell
           into
           houses
           and
           brake
           ,
           but
           did
           no
           harme
           ,
           and
           one
           that
           fell
           in
           the
           street
           had
           the
           fuz
           quenched
           before
           it
           came
           to
           ground
           ,
           was
           takenup
           whole
           and
           found
           to
           weigh
           three
           score
           pound
           .
        
         
           After
           the
           Welch
           and
           Worcester
           forces
           came
           up
           ,
           foure
           peece
           of
           Ordnance
           were
           drawn
           a
           good
           distance
           before
           the
           place
           of
           their
           leager
           ,
           and
           one
           planted
           against
           the
           Awnegate
           ,
           and
           the
           Sconces
           thereunto
           adjoyning
           .
           Wherefore
           a
           party
           of
           about
           foure
           hundred
           Musketiers
           commanded
           by
           Major
           Pudsey
           and
           Captaine
           Gray
           
           assisted
           by
           Captaine
           Faulkner
           ,
           and
           Captaine
           Massey
           sallied
           forth
           of
           the
           Norrhgate
           .
           Meane
           while
           a
           Lieutenant
           with
           fifty
           Musketteers
           was
           sent
           over
           the
           works
           to
           give
           them
           an
           Alarm
           ,
           whilst
           the
           greater
           party
           got
           behinde
           their
           Cannon
           and
           breastworkes
           ,
           fell
           upon
           their
           maine
           guard
           ,
           slew
           many
           Officers
           ,
           two
           Canoneers
           with
           about
           a
           hundred
           common
           Souldiers
           mortally
           wounded
           ,
           took
           a
           Lieutenant
           with
           foure
           more
           prisoners
           ,
           nayled
           their
           Cannon
           ,
           and
           retreated
           with
           the
           losse
           only
           of
           two
           slaine
           ,
           and
           about
           foure
           taken
           prisoners
           .
        
         
           The
           Enemy
           having
           planted
           three
           pieces
           of
           Ordnance
           against
           the
           Southside
           ,
           and
           now
           three
           more
           on
           the
           Eastside
           ,
           and
           two
           more
           neer
           the
           Eastgate
           within
           Pistoll
           shot
           of
           the
           Town
           wall
           ,
           began
           a
           most
           furious
           battery
           upon
           the
           corner
           point
           ,
           and
           made
           above
           an
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           great
           shot
           against
           it
           ,
           whereby
           the
           stones
           were
           sorely
           battered
           ,
           but
           the
           Earth
           workes
           stood
           firme
           .
           By
           all
           this
           shot
           only
           two
           persons
           were
           hurt
           ,
           for
           the
           Battery
           was
           so
           neare
           ,
           that
           if
           the
           Bullet
           missed
           the
           wall
           ,
           it
           flew
           quite
           over
           the
           Town
           ,
           or
           lighted
           at
           randome
           ,
           yet
           in
           the
           intervalls
           of
           the
           great
           shot
           after
           each
           discharge
           our
           musketiers
           playd
           hard
           ,
           and
           killed
           foure
           principall
           Cannoneers
           ,
           neither
           were
           the
           people
           daunted
           at
           the
           noyse
           of
           Cannon
           ,
           which
           by
           the
           slender
           execution
           ,
           became
           so
           contemptible
           ,
           that
           at
           that
           very
           time
           women
           and
           children
           wrought
           hard
           in
           lining
           the
           walls
           and
           repairing
           the
           breaches
           .
           The
           enemy
           continued
           the
           storme
           by
           sending
           Granadoes
           which
           were
           guided
           by
           the
           hand
           of
           providence
           into
           by-places
           ,
           and
           sometimes
           falling
           upon
           the
           houses
           did
           rend
           and
           teare
           the
           buildings
           ,
           when
           the
           people
           within
           were
           preserved
           .
        
         
           After
           ten
           dayes
           siege
           two
           severall
           parties
           were
           designed
           for
           the
           nayling
           of
           the
           enemes
           cannon
           .
           These
           were
           commanded
           to
           fall
           into
           the
           trenches
           and
           march
           on
           till
           they
           met
           each
           other
           .
           The
           one
           party
           of
           about
           two
           hundred
           Musketiers
           of
           the
           Town
           Regiment
           commanded
           by
           Captaine
           Stevenson
           and
           Captaine
           Moore
           ,
           sallied
           forth
           at
           the
           Northgate
           ,
           to
           have
           fallen
           into
           their
           Trenches
           at
           the
           East
           Port
           ,
           but
           by
           the
           mistake
           of
           their
           guide
           ,
           over
           a
           marish
           ground
           and
           full
           of
           ditches
           ,
           were
           brought
           round
           about
           to
           Sir
           
             Iacob
             Ashleys
          
           quarter
           ,
           where
           most
           of
           them
           came
           not
           up
           ;
           only
           fourty
           Musketiers
           ,
           encountred
           with
           five
           Colours
           of
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           slew
           divers
           of
           them
           ,
           took
           two
           Lievtenants
           prisoners
           ,
           forced
           back
           the
           
           rest
           ,
           and
           marching
           a
           little
           farther
           ,
           faced
           and
           fired
           at
           eight
           Colours
           more
           ,
           and
           so
           retreated
           :
           In
           the
           retreat
           two
           Troopes
           of
           the
           Enemies
           horse
           came
           on
           the
           Reare
           ,
           whom
           our
           men
           facing
           about
           and
           charging
           forced
           to
           fall
           back
           and
           made
           good
           their
           own
           retreat
           ;
           in
           this
           distracted
           skirmish
           two
           of
           ours
           were
           killed
           ,
           three
           hurt
           ,
           and
           a
           Sarjeant
           taken
           prisoner
           .
           The
           other
           party
           of
           the
           Lord
           Stanfords
           Regiment
           commanded
           by
           Captaine
           Blunt
           and
           Captaine
           White
           ,
           sallied
           by
           boat
           down
           the
           River
           on
           the
           Southpart
           of
           the
           Town
           towards
           the
           maine
           Leagre
           ,
           marched
           up
           to
           a
           Square
           redoubt
           (
           our
           Cannon
           in
           the
           mean
           while
           playing
           upon
           the
           houses
           in
           the
           Suburbs
           )
           beat
           them
           thence
           ,
           killed
           a
           Major
           with
           some
           common
           Souldiers
           ,
           and
           advanced
           to
           meet
           the
           other
           party
           .
           But
           the
           design
           failing
           through
           the
           misguidance
           of
           the
           other
           party
           ,
           they
           were
           called
           off
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           help
           of
           our
           Ordnance
           made
           a
           faire
           retreat
           without
           losse
           of
           any
           ,
           onely
           two
           wounded
           .
           The
           failing
           of
           the
           enterprize
           crossed
           a
           brave
           exploit
           and
           seasible
           ,
           they
           might
           have
           scoured
           the
           Trenches
           under
           the
           shelter
           of
           our
           Walls
           :
           Neither
           did
           the
           Enemy
           take
           care
           to
           prevent
           them
           by
           turning
           the
           mouthes
           of
           any
           one
           piece
           of
           Ordnance
           upon
           the
           entry
           of
           the
           entrenchment
           .
           Neverthelesse
           the
           crosse
           event
           did
           much
           amaze
           them
           ,
           that
           a
           small
           party
           should
           runne
           up
           to
           their
           Head-quarters
           ,
           force
           their
           men
           ,
           and
           recover
           back
           without
           a
           sensible
           losse
           .
           Certainely
           the
           care
           of
           a
           higher
           providence
           preserved
           and
           brought
           off
           those
           many
           severall
           parties
           ,
           when
           the
           vanquishing
           of
           any
           one
           of
           them
           must
           needs
           run
           the
           City
           upon
           extream
           hazard
           ;
           for
           our
           whole
           strength
           remained
           upon
           the
           works
           day
           and
           night
           ,
           except
           the
           reserve
           of
           a
           hundred
           and
           twenty
           men
           at
           the
           maine
           Guard.
           One
           rare
           and
           slender
           Rank
           were
           to
           receive
           the
           storme
           without
           seconds
           ,
           yet
           the
           safety
           of
           the
           whole
           did
           require
           those
           frequent
           sallies
           ,
           a
           desperate
           remedy
           to
           a
           despairing
           City
           :
           not
           only
           to
           cast
           back
           the
           enemies
           preparations
           ,
           but
           to
           amaze
           them
           ,
           that
           the
           Souldiers
           should
           be
           held
           up
           in
           such
           heigth
           of
           resolution
           ,
           and
           cause
           them
           to
           expect
           more
           hot
           service
           from
           within
           the
           works
           :
           Our
           men
           likewise
           were
           to
           be
           kept
           in
           the
           heat
           of
           action
           to
           prevent
           the
           fainting
           of
           the
           spirits
           :
           Their
           hands
           also
           imbrued
           in
           bloud
           did
           the
           more
           enrage
           them
           .
           Nor
           by
           safer
           meanes
           could
           they
           overcome
           the
           terrour
           ,
           which
           by
           the
           reputation
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           might
           possesse
           their
           minds
           :
           The
           Enemy
           were
           kept
           waking
           by
           continuall
           Alarums
           to
           
           waste
           and
           weary
           them
           :
           And
           t
           was
           the
           care
           of
           the
           Governour
           to
           cause
           a
           perpetuall
           noise
           ;
           that
           whensoever
           their
           Cannon
           had
           been
           silent
           for
           a
           while
           ,
           one
           or
           two
           of
           our
           Guns
           gave
           fire
           to
           disturbe
           the
           calm
           ,
           and
           signifie
           to
           the
           Country
           that
           we
           were
           yet
           alive
           ;
           for
           the
           besiegers
           ever
           and
           anon
           scattered
           reports
           of
           the
           taking
           of
           the
           Town
           ,
           with
           a
           purpose
           to
           prevent
           our
           reliefe
           .
           All
           things
           within
           did
           presage
           a
           deliverance
           .
           The
           sadnesse
           of
           the
           times
           did
           not
           cloud
           the
           countenance
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           they
           beheld
           their
           fortunes
           with
           a
           clear
           brow
           ,
           and
           were
           deliberate
           and
           chearfull
           in
           the
           endeavours
           of
           safety
           .
           No
           great
           complainings
           were
           heard
           in
           our
           Streets
           ,
           no
           discontent
           seized
           on
           the
           Souldiers
           ,
           at
           other
           times
           prone
           to
           mutiny
           ;
           men
           of
           suspected
           fidelity
           did
           not
           faile
           in
           action
           ;
           Every
           valuable
           person
           was
           active
           in
           his
           own
           place
           :
           The
           usuall
           outcryes
           of
           women
           were
           not
           then
           heard
           ,
           the
           weakenesse
           of
           whose
           sexe
           was
           not
           overcome
           by
           the
           terrible
           Engines
           of
           warre
           .
           And
           our
           becalmed
           spirits
           did
           implore
           divine
           assistance
           without
           consusion
           .
           The
           Governour
           personally
           performed
           ,
           ready
           at
           every
           turning
           of
           affaires
           ,
           and
           gracing
           the
           businesse
           with
           speech
           and
           gesture
           ;
           upon
           the
           least
           intimation
           of
           diffidence
           he
           pretended
           rationall
           hopes
           of
           successe
           ,
           adding
           withall
           that
           our
           late
           yeelding
           could
           not
           mollifie
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           and
           if
           in
           the
           close
           we
           must
           needs
           be
           lost
           ,
           no
           suter
           meanes
           of
           safety
           then
           by
           the
           utmost
           gallantry
           to
           constraine
           honourable
           conditions
           .
        
         
           The
           Enemy
           still
           prepared
           for
           a
           generall
           storm
           ,
           mean
           while
           seeking
           to
           waste
           our
           Magazine
           ,
           which
           they
           knew
           must
           needs
           suddenly
           fayl
           ,
           expended
           their
           own
           store
           ,
           and
           dayly
           acted
           to
           the
           terrour
           of
           the
           inhabitants
           ;
           shooting
           Granadoes
           ,
           Fire-bals
           ,
           and
           great
           stones
           out
           of
           their
           Morter-peeces
           ,
           and
           had
           now
           planted
           a
           Battery
           on
           the
           Southside
           westward
           ,
           unto
           which
           the
           lower
           part
           of
           the
           Town
           was
           open
           .
           Thence
           in
           one
           night
           they
           shot
           above
           twenty
           fiery
           melting
           hot
           iron
           Bullets
           ,
           some
           eighteen
           pound
           weight
           ,
           others
           two
           and
           twenty
           pound
           weight
           ,
           which
           were
           seen
           to
           fly
           through
           the
           ayre
           like
           the
           shooting
           of
           a
           starre
           .
           They
           passed
           through
           stables
           ,
           and
           ricks
           of
           hay
           ,
           where
           the
           fire
           by
           the
           swiftnesse
           of
           the
           motion
           did
           not
           catch
           ,
           and
           falling
           on
           the
           tops
           of
           houses
           ,
           presently
           melted
           the
           leads
           ,
           and
           sunk
           through
           ;
           but
           all
           the
           skill
           and
           industry
           of
           the
           enemy
           could
           not
           set
           one
           house
           on
           fire
           .
        
         
           They
           still
           playd
           their
           great
           shot
           against
           the
           wals
           ,
           and
           wrought
           
           hard
           in
           filling
           up
           the
           Moat
           with
           faggots
           and
           earth
           at
           the
           place
           where
           they
           battered
           ,
           where
           also
           they
           built
           a
           Gallery
           over
           the
           head
           of
           the
           Trench
           ,
           the
           breadth
           of
           foure
           abreast
           ;
           in
           the
           shelter
           whereof
           they
           had
           almost
           workt
           themselves
           over
           the
           Moat
           .
           Then
           we
           found
           that
           they
           had
           sunk
           a
           Mine
           under
           the
           East
           Gate
           ;
           whereupon
           the
           Governour
           commanded
           a
           Counter-mine
           in
           two
           places
           ,
           but
           finding
           the
           Springs
           ,
           left
           off
           ,
           conceiving
           for
           the
           same
           reason
           the
           endeavour
           of
           the
           enemy
           to
           no
           purpose
           .
           To
           discover
           or
           interrupt
           this
           work
           ,
           a
           Serjeant
           with
           five
           daring
           men
           were
           put
           forth
           at
           a
           port
           hole
           in
           the
           dungeon
           at
           the
           East
           gate
           ,
           came
           close
           to
           the
           mouth
           of
           their
           mine
           ,
           took
           off
           the
           board
           that
           covered
           it
           ,
           and
           for
           a
           while
           viewed
           the
           miners
           .
           One
           of
           these
           cast
           in
           a
           hand-Granado
           amongst
           them
           ,
           whilst
           the
           foure
           musketiers
           played
           upon
           them
           as
           they
           ran
           forth
           ,
           and
           with
           the
           noise
           of
           our
           men
           from
           the
           walls
           gave
           the
           whole
           leager
           a
           strong
           alarm
           ,
           and
           crept
           in
           at
           the
           port-hole
           without
           harm
           .
           Wherefore
           discovering
           that
           the
           enemy
           notwithstanding
           the
           springs
           ,
           went
           on
           with
           their
           mine
           ,
           we
           renewed
           our
           countermine
           ;
           for
           they
           had
           sunk
           a
           great
           depth
           under
           the
           moat
           ,
           and
           extreamly
           toyled
           in
           drawing
           up
           the
           spring
           water
           ,
           till
           at
           length
           they
           had
           gotten
           under
           the
           gate
           that
           our
           miners
           could
           heare
           them
           work
           under
           them
           ,
           and
           did
           expect
           to
           spoyle
           them
           by
           pouring
           in
           water
           ,
           or
           stealing
           out
           their
           powder
           .
        
         
           For
           a
           remedy
           to
           this
           mischiefe
           ,
           and
           withall
           the
           enemy
           having
           planted
           store
           of
           Canon
           baskets
           within
           half
           musketshot
           of
           the
           East
           gate
           point
           blank
           ,
           intending
           a
           battery
           there
           ,
           upon
           the
           springing
           of
           their
           mine
           ;
           We
           made
           a
           very
           strong
           work
           crosse
           the
           street
           with
           a
           large
           trench
           before
           it
           ,
           and
           filled
           it
           with
           water
           ,
           intending
           to
           raise
           it
           up
           to
           the
           Eaves
           of
           the
           houses
           ,
           and
           to
           plant
           some
           Cannon
           there
           :
           we
           answered
           their
           severall
           approaches
           by
           so
           many
           counter
           works
           .
           A
           sconce
           was
           built
           upon
           a
           rising
           ground
           that
           looked
           into
           their
           trenches
           ,
           where
           we
           could
           plant
           foure
           piece
           of
           Ordnance
           to
           cleare
           within
           the
           wals
           a
           ground
           called
           
             the
             Friars
             Orchard
          
           southward
           ,
           and
           scoure
           their
           flank
           upon
           their
           entrance
           at
           the
           East
           gate
           ,
           and
           so
           northward
           .
           Also
           an
           inner
           work
           was
           drawn
           from
           the
           south
           side
           along
           the
           middle
           of
           the
           Orchard
           ,
           and
           all
           passages
           stopt
           between
           that
           and
           the
           East
           port
           .
           And
           to
           hinder
           their
           gallery
           we
           began
           to
           undermine
           for
           a
           place
           to
           put
           forth
           a
           peece
           of
           Ordnance
           at
           the
           bottom
           of
           the
           wall
           ,
           to
           batter
           the
           flank
           thereof
           ;
           which
           was
           perfected
           
           and
           a
           saker
           there
           placed
           .
           Commanded
           men
           were
           drawn
           out
           upon
           the
           walls
           ,
           Granadoes
           provided
           ,
           and
           when
           the
           great
           Gun
           played
           upon
           the
           gallery
           ,
           the
           musketiers
           sent
           plenty
           of
           shot
           ,
           and
           cast
           divers
           Granadoes
           into
           their
           trenches
           ;
           in
           the
           mean
           while
           (
           they
           firing
           their
           Ordnance
           against
           the
           top
           of
           the
           wall
           )
           we
           cut
           off
           a
           maine
           beame
           of
           the
           gallery
           with
           our
           bolt
           shot
           .
           But
           the
           same
           day
           the
           enemy
           had
           sunk
           a
           piece
           against
           the
           port-hole
           of
           out
           mine
           ,
           and
           forced
           us
           to
           withdraw
           the
           sakre
           ,
           yet
           we
           cast
           them
           back
           three
           dayes
           work
           .
        
         
           And
           because
           all
           this
           side
           of
           the
           Town
           had
           no
           flankers
           ,
           nothing
           did
           more
           offend
           the
           enemy
           in
           their
           entrenchments
           then
           an
           old
           Barne
           at
           a
           corner
           point
           ,
           near
           the
           North
           Port
           ,
           in
           which
           was
           mounted
           a
           Peece
           that
           commanded
           three
           severall
           wayes
           ,
           and
           obliquely
           looked
           into
           their
           Trenches
           ,
           and
           oft
           times
           did
           good
           execution
           upon
           the
           pioners
           .
           This
           was
           the
           chiefe
           strength
           of
           that
           side
           ,
           conceived
           the
           weakest
           part
           of
           the
           Town
           .
           Vpon
           the
           Key
           head
           an
           halfe
           moon
           was
           raysed
           ,
           with
           a
           breast-work
           upon
           Seavern
           side
           under
           the
           Castle
           ,
           and
           the
           river
           chained
           ,
           to
           defend
           an
           assault
           from
           those
           high
           grounds
           beyond
           the
           river
           ,
           which
           was
           ever
           feared
           by
           those
           within
           .
        
         
           His
           Majesty
           constantly
           residing
           at
           a
           miles
           distance
           ,
           would
           not
           solemnly
           invite
           by
           publique
           Summons
           ,
           lest
           hee
           should
           detract
           from
           the
           honour
           of
           his
           enterprize
           :
           Neverthelesse
           ,
           those
           about
           him
           dealt
           underhand
           by
           sundry
           advertizements
           of
           the
           Kings
           displeasure
           ,
           threatnings
           ,
           perswasions
           ,
           and
           many
           intimations
           of
           possible
           grace
           and
           favour
           .
           Some
           of
           our
           neighbours
           in
           their
           own
           names
           desired
           admission
           to
           a
           conference
           ,
           and
           perswaded
           the
           Surrender
           of
           the
           City
           ,
           in
           regard
           of
           the
           great
           power
           and
           terrible
           menacings
           of
           the
           enemy
           ,
           with
           the
           small
           hopes
           and
           in
           a
           manner
           impossibility
           of
           reliefe
           ;
           adding
           withall
           the
           heavy
           burthens
           under
           which
           the
           Countrey
           groaned
           .
           The
           Governour
           made
           answer
           ,
           that
           we
           were
           sufficiently
           conscious
           of
           our
           own
           strength
           ,
           and
           the
           ground
           of
           our
           resolution
           ,
           and
           that
           we
           did
           not
           think
           our selves
           obliged
           to
           the
           enemy
           for
           the
           hopes
           and
           offers
           of
           favour
           .
           These
           manifold
           perswasions
           made
           the
           besieged
           more
           obstinate
           ,
           and
           enabled
           them
           to
           understand
           themselves
           as
           a
           people
           worthy
           of
           entreaty
           ,
           a
           prize
           worth
           the
           purchase
           ,
           and
           in
           no
           wise
           lost
           or
           desperate
           ,
           the
           enemies
           themselves
           being
           Iudges
           .
        
         
           As
           the
           ●ouldiers
           within
           were
           heated
           with
           their
           own
           performance
           ,
           so
           the
           enemy
           without
           being
           wasted
           in
           a
           lingering
           design
           
           before
           the
           houre
           of
           service
           came
           grew
           feeble
           in
           their
           own
           thoughts
           and
           to
           us
           contemptible
           .
           Our
           common
           souldiers
           took
           to
           themselves
           a
           liberty
           to
           revile
           ,
           prevented
           and
           confounded
           the
           enemy
           with
           the
           self-same
           language
           in
           which
           they
           were
           wont
           to
           abuse
           and
           scorne
           our
           party
           ;
           which
           contumely
           ,
           though
           it
           begets
           a
           more
           deadly
           hatred
           and
           desire
           of
           revenge
           in
           generous
           mindes
           ,
           at
           that
           time
           did
           deject
           exceedingly
           and
           debase
           the
           spirits
           of
           their
           private
           souldiers
           ,
           who
           had
           never
           performed
           one
           gallant
           atchievement
           ,
           and
           to
           whom
           the
           sturdinesse
           of
           our
           men
           was
           well
           known
           .
           The
           slownesse
           of
           their
           design
           in
           that
           form
           of
           a
           leaguer
           ,
           proceeded
           from
           the
           desire
           of
           saving
           their
           foot
           ,
           with
           this
           presumption
           ,
           that
           there
           was
           no
           power
           to
           raise
           the
           siege
           ;
           which
           confidence
           deceived
           them
           ,
           till
           too
           late
           ;
           for
           their
           foot
           ,
           after
           those
           many
           knocks
           ,
           and
           the
           first
           fury
           spent
           ,
           were
           not
           so
           capable
           of
           the
           service
           ,
           without
           the
           help
           of
           many
           tedious
           preparations
           .
           Wherefore
           besides
           their
           mine
           and
           battery
           ,
           they
           framed
           great
           store
           of
           those
           unperfect
           and
           troublesome
           engines
           to
           assault
           the
           lower
           parts
           of
           the
           City
           .
           Those
           engines
           ran
           upon
           wheels
           ,
           with
           planks
           musket
           proof
           ,
           placed
           on
           the
           Axel-tree
           ,
           with
           holes
           for
           musketshot
           ,
           and
           a
           bridge
           before
           it
           ,
           the
           end
           whereof
           (
           the
           wheels
           falling
           into
           the
           ditch
           )
           was
           to
           rest
           upon
           our
           breast
           works
           .
        
         
           Our
           reliefe
           seemed
           slow
           ,
           and
           the
           straitnesse
           of
           the
           siege
           debarred
           all
           intelligence
           .
           Only
           two
           Spies
           which
           we
           sent
           out
           ,
           returned
           from
           Warwick
           ,
           and
           brought
           newes
           of
           the
           advance
           of
           the
           Lord
           Generall
           .
           The
           report
           of
           his
           Excellency
           ,
           who
           then
           lay
           under
           a
           cloud
           ,
           did
           give
           no
           great
           assurance
           .
           The
           truth
           is
           ,
           the
           sense
           of
           the
           depth
           of
           our
           distresse
           did
           not
           reach
           us
           :
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           ,
           upon
           whom
           the
           Citizens
           of
           London
           cast
           their
           favour
           ,
           had
           not
           the
           reliques
           of
           an
           Army
           .
           The
           Generals
           Army
           crumbled
           away
           :
           the
           malignants
           of
           London
           fomented
           tumults
           in
           the
           City
           ,
           and
           insurrections
           in
           Kent
           distracted
           the
           businesse
           .
           The
           house
           of
           Lords
           voted
           a
           treaty
           with
           the
           King
           ,
           the
           house
           of
           Commons
           debated
           the
           matter
           .
           The
           resolution
           of
           Gloucester
           turned
           the
           stream
           ,
           whose
           succour
           was
           resolved
           upon
           as
           the
           Kingdoms
           safety
           .
           The
           recruit
           of
           the
           Army
           was
           too
           slow
           for
           the
           service
           .
           The
           London
           trained
           Bands
           or
           none
           ,
           must
           relieve
           us
           ;
           but
           could
           not
           agree
           who
           should
           undertake
           the
           businesse
           .
           Essex
           was
           not
           favoured
           but
           the
           more
           prudent
           saw
           that
           he
           must
           be
           the
           man.
           That
           none
           might
           decline
           the
           service
           upon
           whom
           the
           lot
           fell
           ,
           the
           shop
           windows
           were
           commanded
           to
           be
           shut
           up
           and
           
           trading
           for
           a
           time
           suspended
           .
           The
           expedition
           was
           hasted
           in
           every
           pulpit
           carried
           on
           with
           continuall
           fasting
           and
           prayer
           :
           an
           Army
           was
           framed
           in
           an
           instant
           ,
           and
           marched
           with
           incredible
           swiftnesse
           .
           Prince
           Rupert
           with
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           the
           Kings
           horse
           drew
           from
           Gloucester
           to
           retard
           their
           march
           ,
           but
           still
           appearing
           in
           the
           Van
           did
           no
           more
           then
           drill
           them
           along
           .
           The
           enemy
           stayed
           before
           us
           till
           the
           last
           houre
           ,
           judging
           every
           particle
           of
           time
           a
           great
           advantage
           not
           knowing
           what
           a
           moment
           might
           bring
           forth
           .
           They
           within
           not
           satisfied
           with
           the
           former
           intelligence
           ,
           sent
           out
           two
           other
           Spies
           with
           a
           double
           signall
           ,
           first
           one
           fire
           on
           the
           side
           of
           a
           hill
           to
           signifie
           their
           escapes
           ,
           and
           two
           fires
           on
           the
           same
           place
           if
           they
           heard
           good
           newes
           ;
           which
           latter
           was
           accordingly
           performed
           and
           beheld
           by
           us
           .
        
         
           The
           fifth
           of
           September
           was
           appointed
           for
           a
           publike
           Fast
           ,
           to
           be
           kept
           by
           such
           as
           might
           be
           spared
           from
           labour
           .
           This
           day
           we
           discovered
           their
           carriages
           marching
           from
           the
           leaguer
           ,
           and
           their
           horse
           and
           foot
           marching
           after
           ;
           yet
           we
           were
           not
           confident
           of
           the
           raising
           of
           the
           siege
           till
           the
           men
           were
           drawn
           out
           of
           the
           trenches
           ,
           and
           the
           reer-guard
           fired
           their
           huts
           .
           We
           then
           perceived
           that
           God
           had
           sent
           a
           deliverance
           ,
           and
           that
           in
           the
           close
           of
           a
           solemn
           Fast
           ,
           as
           a
           gracious
           returne
           of
           prayer
           .
        
         
           This
           evening
           the
           Lord
           Generall
           came
           to
           the
           brow
           of
           the
           hills
           seven
           miles
           from
           the
           Town
           ,
           and
           fired
           a
           warning
           piece
           ,
           but
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           contrary
           winds
           the
           report
           was
           not
           heard
           ,
           neither
           did
           the
           newes
           reach
           us
           that
           night
           .
           Wherefore
           we
           did
           not
           venture
           upon
           the
           Reere
           of
           the
           enemy
           with
           our
           slender
           and
           wearied
           forces
           ,
           but
           kept
           as
           strong
           and
           watchfull
           guards
           as
           any
           time
           before
           ;
           presuming
           that
           reliefe
           at
           hand
           had
           raised
           the
           enemy
           ,
           yet
           suspecting
           that
           in
           point
           of
           honour
           they
           would
           attempt
           something
           worthy
           of
           a
           Royall
           Army
           .
           But
           abiding
           before
           us
           to
           the
           last
           extremity
           ,
           they
           were
           driven
           away
           with
           great
           confusion
           ,
           after
           so
           many
           vowes
           of
           victory
           and
           revenge
           ,
           when
           their
           mines
           ,
           batteries
           ,
           and
           engines
           were
           in
           readinesse
           .
           This
           hurry
           preserved
           the
           Countrey
           from
           injury
           ,
           which
           by
           them
           was
           devoted
           to
           ruine
           .
           His
           Majesty
           was
           forced
           to
           leave
           the
           Town
           behinde
           him
           ,
           and
           constrained
           to
           a
           tedious
           march
           in
           that
           tempestuous
           rainy
           night
           ;
           their
           carriages
           were
           not
           got
           up
           the
           hills
           till
           the
           next
           morning
           ,
           which
           distraction
           was
           not
           known
           to
           us
           :
           and
           the
           Generals
           Army
           was
           tired
           with
           long
           and
           continuall
           marches
           .
           The
           admirable
           care
           of
           providence
           was
           beheld
           in
           the
           season
           
           of
           our
           reliefe
           ,
           when
           all
           things
           were
           prepared
           by
           the
           enemy
           for
           a
           generall
           storme
           ;
           our
           ammunition
           consumed
           ,
           but
           three
           single
           barrels
           of
           powder
           left
           in
           our
           magazine
           ,
           and
           not
           so
           much
           more
           elsewhere
           :
           in
           the
           little
           harm
           done
           by
           their
           Cannon
           ,
           and
           Morter-pieces
           ,
           that
           sent
           amongst
           us
           so
           many
           terrible
           messengers
           .
           Our
           lost
           men
           taken
           or
           slain
           ,
           did
           not
           amount
           to
           the
           number
           of
           fifty
           ,
           and
           of
           these
           but
           two
           Officers
           were
           slain
           .
           Captain
           Harcus
           and
           the
           Governours
           Ensign
           ;
           yet
           we
           killed
           of
           the
           Enemy
           (
           who
           never
           ventured
           an
           assault
           )
           above
           a
           thousand
           men
           ,
           by
           the
           lowest
           confession
           .
           The
           King
           expended
           much
           in
           Ammunition
           ,
           Engines
           ,
           and
           keeping
           together
           the
           discontented
           Souldiers
           ,
           besides
           the
           losse
           of
           his
           pretious
           time
           in
           that
           full
           tyde
           of
           Victory
           .
           Here
           was
           a
           bound
           set
           to
           the
           swelling
           of
           those
           proud
           waves
           and
           the
           rock
           that
           split
           that
           Army
           ;
           when
           the
           Queen
           was
           sayd
           to
           be
           transported
           with
           passion
           because
           her
           counsell
           was
           not
           followed
           ,
           who
           advised
           the
           King
           to
           wave
           Gloucester
           and
           advance
           for
           London
           ,
           whilst
           the
           Parliament
           had
           no
           Army
           in
           the
           field
           ,
           the
           number
           of
           Malignants
           in
           the
           City
           did
           equall
           the
           rest
           ,
           began
           to
           rayse
           tumults
           ,
           and
           the
           actions
           of
           State
           were
           unresolved
           .
           This
           City
           diverted
           the
           enemies
           thoughts
           from
           that
           rare
           opportunity
           ,
           which
           not
           so
           conscious
           of
           the
           Kingdoms
           weaknesse
           ,
           held
           up
           beyond
           reason
           ,
           and
           gave
           a
           breathing
           time
           to
           the
           State
           to
           effect
           its
           own
           reliefe
           .
           Great
           was
           the
           failing
           of
           the
           Kings
           hopes
           in
           this
           defeat
           ,
           who
           by
           the
           gaining
           of
           this
           town
           ,
           would
           have
           held
           an
           undivided
           uninterrupted
           command
           ,
           and
           the
           granary
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           in
           the
           heart
           of
           his
           Country
           ,
           on
           the
           West
           bounded
           with
           the
           Sea
           ,
           cleare
           through
           the
           middle
           of
           the
           Land
           to
           the
           Northerne
           parts
           ,
           where
           also
           the
           Earl
           of
           Newcastles
           Army
           prevailed
           ,
           and
           in
           breadth
           reaching
           from
           the
           utmost
           Wales
           to
           the
           London
           Association
           ,
           and
           backed
           with
           Ireland
           ,
           with
           whom
           an
           Accommodation
           was
           then
           preparing
           .
        
         
           Neverthelesse
           the
           raising
           of
           the
           siege
           was
           but
           an
           unperfect
           deliverance
           .
           The
           successe
           of
           the
           Generals
           Army
           with
           the
           supply
           of
           our
           wants
           were
           to
           make
           it
           compleat
           .
           For
           the
           enemy
           continually
           lay
           at
           our
           doores
           ,
           commerce
           was
           clean
           taken
           away
           ,
           and
           we
           farre
           distant
           from
           the
           fountaine
           of
           future
           supplies
           ;
           Wherefore
           during
           the
           stay
           of
           his
           Excellency
           ,
           parties
           of
           horse
           were
           continually
           sent
           abroad
           to
           fetch
           in
           provisions
           out
           of
           the
           Enemies
           quarters
           ,
           and
           Malignants
           estates
           .
           The
           Granary
           was
           quickly
           filled
           .
           The
           
           Generall
           left
           three
           Culverins
           ,
           forty
           single
           barrels
           of
           Gunpowder
           ,
           and
           set
           the
           Garrison
           in
           order
           .
        
         
           The
           London
           Train-Bands
           and
           Auxiliaries
           supposing
           the
           work
           already
           done
           ,
           and
           the
           date
           of
           their
           Commission
           expired
           ,
           earnestly
           contended
           homewards
           ,
           yet
           must
           they
           break
           their
           way
           through
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           and
           give
           him
           some
           further
           blow
           to
           secure
           and
           perfect
           the
           reliefe
           of
           this
           Garrison
           ;
           for
           so
           confident
           were
           the
           enemy
           of
           their
           own
           strength
           ,
           that
           many
           thought
           his
           Majesty
           ill-advised
           in
           not
           fighting
           with
           the
           Earle
           of
           Essex
           neare
           Gloucester
           :
           wherefore
           the
           Generall
           was
           to
           secure
           this
           retreat
           ,
           to
           take
           heed
           lest
           he
           be
           penned
           up
           in
           these
           parts
           ,
           and
           with
           that
           speed
           made
           after
           the
           Kings
           Army
           (
           which
           by
           this
           time
           had
           gotten
           some
           miles
           in
           the
           Van
           of
           our
           Army
           )
           that
           some
           horse
           and
           foot
           out
           of
           the
           remote
           quarters
           marched
           above
           thirty
           miles
           before
           they
           rested
           .
           They
           came
           up
           before
           Cirencester
           where
           the
           King
           had
           left
           a
           strong
           party
           .
           The
           forlorne
           hope
           entred
           the
           Town
           whilst
           the
           rest
           surrounded
           it
           ,
           killed
           the
           Sentinell
           sleeping
           ,
           marched
           up
           to
           the
           Market
           Place
           without
           opposition
           (
           the
           enemy
           supposing
           them
           Prince
           Maurice
           his
           Forces
           ,
           that
           night
           expected
           )
           till
           they
           entred
           the
           houses
           and
           surprized
           them
           in
           bed
           ,
           took
           foure
           hundred
           men
           ,
           and
           thirty
           Cart-loades
           of
           bread
           ,
           cheese
           ,
           and
           other
           provisions
           ,
           a
           great
           reliefe
           in
           a
           wasted
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           the
           only
           support
           of
           the
           Souldiers
           against
           the
           Battle
           at
           Newbery
           .
        
         
           The
           successe
           of
           which
           Battell
           did
           close
           up
           with
           honour
           ,
           that
           happy
           and
           gallant
           undertaking
           of
           the
           Lord
           Generall
           ,
           and
           the
           Citizens
           of
           London
           :
           As
           brave
           a
           service
           as
           these
           Warres
           can
           shew
           forth
           ,
           enobled
           by
           its
           wonderfull
           rise
           ,
           lively
           progresse
           ,
           nimble
           expedition
           ,
           admirable
           fortune
           and
           honourable
           conclusion
           .
           Notwithstanding
           his
           Excellency
           had
           hereby
           disabled
           and
           broken
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           and
           secured
           the
           Garrison
           of
           Gloucester
           from
           a
           sudden
           reverse
           ;
           yet
           his
           own
           Army
           was
           sorely
           bruised
           ,
           and
           retiring
           to
           London
           ,
           left
           but
           a
           little
           burthen
           upon
           the
           Enemy
           on
           that
           side
           .
           By
           which
           meanes
           they
           were
           free
           to
           molest
           these
           parts
           ,
           and
           this
           Garrison
           left
           to
           beat
           the
           brunt
           ,
           provide
           for
           it selfe
           ,
           and
           run
           the
           danger
           though
           not
           of
           an
           other
           siege
           ,
           yet
           of
           blocking
           up
           and
           ruine
           by
           the
           spoyle
           of
           our
           Countrey
           ,
           which
           that
           party
           decreed
           to
           destruction
           ;
           and
           the
           Enemy
           at
           the
           doore
           and
           the
           distance
           of
           our
           friends
           did
           threaten
           no
           lesse
           .
           Not
           a
           man
           could
           be
           left
           by
           the
           Generall
           to
           encrease
           our
           strength
           ,
           
           nor
           money
           to
           content
           the
           Souldier
           ;
           there
           was
           only
           an
           assurance
           of
           help
           from
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           when
           the
           arreares
           of
           Officers
           and
           Souldiers
           were
           large
           ;
           the
           Governour
           made
           certaine
           propositions
           to
           the
           Parliament
           concerning
           the
           support
           of
           this
           place
           ;
           That
           since
           at
           such
           a
           distance
           he
           could
           not
           expect
           a
           constant
           supply
           ,
           they
           would
           send
           down
           at
           once
           ten
           thousand
           pounds
           and
           a
           thousand
           men
           ,
           farre
           below
           the
           places
           due
           ;
           according
           to
           the
           termes
           of
           the
           Souldiers
           entertainment
           ,
           might
           set
           things
           in
           a
           thriving
           way
           ,
           and
           enable
           the
           Souldier
           to
           act
           of
           themselves
           without
           those
           continuall
           cravings
           and
           out-cryes
           against
           the
           State.
           Vpon
           which
           termes
           the
           activenesse
           of
           this
           Government
           gave
           assurance
           of
           the
           framing
           of
           an
           Army
           to
           master
           the
           Countrey
           then
           enthralled
           to
           the
           enemy
           ,
           yea
           ,
           to
           lie
           upon
           the
           enemies
           quarters
           ,
           consume
           their
           store
           ,
           distresse
           their
           cheife
           Garrisons
           of
           Bristoll
           and
           Oxford
           and
           endanger
           the
           rest
           as
           Hereford
           and
           Worcester
           ,
           and
           stop
           their
           supply
           of
           men
           and
           money
           .
           Such
           a
           strong
           beginning
           had
           been
           more
           then
           halfe
           way
           to
           the
           end
           of
           the
           work
           .
        
         
           But
           the
           State
           seemed
           to
           walk
           in
           a
           frugall
           course
           and
           desire
           a
           daily
           dropping
           of
           reliefe
           ,
           rather
           then
           to
           entrust
           much
           ,
           which
           is
           not
           the
           way
           of
           great
           performance
           nor
           can
           bring
           to
           the
           end
           of
           the
           design
           ;
           when
           as
           this
           rationall
           adventure
           might
           give
           the
           encrease
           of
           an
           hundredfold
           :
           and
           upon
           the
           failing
           hereof
           the
           greatest
           mischiefe
           could
           bee
           no
           more
           then
           the
           losse
           of
           that
           expence
           .
           Wherefore
           they
           voted
           a
           supply
           and
           raised
           men
           and
           moneys
           in
           a
           languishing
           way
           ,
           that
           those
           five
           hundred
           listed
           for
           Gloucester
           were
           reduced
           to
           a
           fifty
           ,
           ere
           they
           could
           reach
           us
           ,
           and
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           the
           money
           squandred
           away
           without
           a
           sensible
           advantage
           to
           this
           Garrison
           .
        
         
           After
           Newbery
           fight
           Sir
           
             William
             Vavasour
          
           was
           sent
           to
           Hereford
           ,
           with
           a
           strong
           party
           to
           raise
           Forces
           in
           those
           parts
           with
           Commission
           to
           command
           in
           chiefe
           in
           the
           Countreys
           of
           Gloucester
           and
           Hereford
           ,
           and
           a
           command
           from
           his
           Majestie
           to
           distresse
           Gloucecester
           on
           the
           Welch
           side
           ,
           and
           to
           Garrison
           Tewkesbury
           .
        
         
           Colonell
           Massie
           was
           not
           satisfied
           in
           keeping
           his
           own
           Garrison
           ,
           but
           eager
           of
           continuall
           service
           ,
           to
           destroy
           or
           disable
           the
           enemy
           ,
           for
           which
           no
           other
           place
           in
           the
           Kingdome
           was
           conceived
           capable
           of
           the
           like
           advantage
           :
           Wherefore
           by
           himselfe
           urged
           ,
           he
           set
           upon
           the
           
           Parliament
           with
           importunate
           complaints
           that
           for
           lack
           of
           strength
           great
           opportunities
           of
           service
           to
           us
           and
           disservice
           to
           them
           were
           lost
           .
           And
           a
           greater
           mischiefe
           did
           exercise
           this
           government
           ,
           the
           want
           of
           men
           and
           money
           ,
           and
           ammunition
           to
           defend
           it selfe
           ;
           upon
           which
           ,
           extreme
           scarsity
           of
           provision
           was
           like
           to
           follow
           ,
           and
           in
           these
           hopes
           did
           the
           enemy
           blesse
           themselves
           ;
           so
           that
           the
           advantage
           and
           honour
           of
           maintaining
           the
           City
           against
           the
           violence
           of
           an
           Army
           was
           like
           to
           vanish
           in
           the
           lingring
           death
           of
           the
           place
           .
           And
           the
           Governour
           was
           about
           to
           embrace
           an
           other
           command
           in
           the
           Generalls
           Army
           ,
           yet
           reserving
           a
           submission
           to
           the
           Parliaments
           pleasure
           who
           required
           him
           to
           continue
           his
           service
           in
           this
           Government
           .
           This
           charge
           was
           surrounded
           with
           difficulties
           and
           each
           day
           brought
           forth
           some
           new
           birth
           .
           When
           the
           enemy
           begirt
           us
           in
           their
           Winter
           quarters
           ,
           the
           hopes
           of
           our
           promised
           succours
           were
           past
           without
           the
           Convoy
           of
           an
           Army
           .
           Not
           one
           Gentleman
           of
           the
           Countrey
           durst
           be
           seen
           to
           assist
           us
           ,
           no
           Member
           of
           Parliament
           did
           reside
           here
           to
           encourage
           the
           businesse
           .
           All
           things
           rested
           upon
           the
           Governours
           sole
           care
           both
           to
           store
           the
           Garrison
           with
           provisions
           ,
           and
           raise
           money
           out
           of
           that
           small
           pittance
           of
           the
           Countrey
           out
           of
           the
           enemies
           hands
           .
           The
           discontent
           of
           the
           Souldier
           was
           now
           heigthned
           and
           ready
           to
           cause
           a
           disbanding
           .
           To
           make
           good
           the
           place
           was
           the
           Parliaments
           command
           :
           and
           inevitable
           necessity
           was
           the
           cheifest
           law
           to
           support
           it
           .
           Wherefore
           apprehending
           more
           misery
           then
           in
           the
           late
           siege
           ,
           the
           Governor
           was
           constrained
           to
           lay
           some
           easie
           taxation
           on
           the
           Countrey
           to
           supply
           the
           present
           exigence
           ,
           whilst
           the
           enemies
           power
           extended
           on
           all
           sides
           almost
           to
           the
           Gates
           of
           Gloucester
           .
           Hereupon
           daily
           complaints
           were
           brought
           before
           him
           ,
           that
           the
           taxes
           were
           unequally
           rated
           by
           the
           Officers
           of
           the
           severall
           Parishes
           ,
           that
           such
           as
           were
           broken
           by
           the
           enemy
           ,
           were
           rated
           as
           high
           as
           if
           their
           Estates
           were
           entire
           .
           The
           Governour
           represented
           these
           things
           to
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           earnestly
           begged
           their
           direction
           in
           his
           intended
           course
           ,
           which
           by
           them
           was
           not
           in
           one
           syllable
           contradicted
           :
           Wherefore
           at
           a
           Councell
           of
           Warre
           the
           condition
           of
           the
           Countrey
           was
           debated
           upon
           ,
           and
           an
           order
           made
           that
           some
           Officers
           &
           Citizens
           should
           be
           intreated
           as
           a
           Committee
           to
           hear
           and
           rectifie
           the
           complaints
           concerning
           assessements
           ,
           and
           to
           use
           that
           moderation
           which
           reason
           did
           require
           .
           Not
           
           long
           after
           a
           petition
           was
           presented
           to
           the
           Governour
           in
           the
           name
           of
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           That
           one
           Monthly
           rate
           without
           other
           charge
           ,
           might
           be
           imposed
           upon
           them
           ,
           likewise
           that
           the
           rate
           might
           be
           made
           according
           to
           equity
           ,
           and
           the
           poore
           spared
           ;
           that
           the
           money
           might
           bee
           paid
           in
           to
           the
           common
           Treasurer
           ,
           whence
           it
           should
           issue
           as
           necessity
           required
           ,
           and
           that
           a
           choyce
           Committee
           might
           be
           appointed
           to
           over-see
           all
           the
           money
           rated
           ,
           received
           and
           disbursed
           .
           The
           Governour
           to
           manifest
           his
           desire
           of
           the
           peoples
           satisfaction
           ,
           and
           that
           things
           might
           bee
           carryed
           in
           a
           just
           and
           equall
           way
           ,
           ordered
           by
           the
           consert
           of
           a
           Councell
           of
           Warre
           ,
           that
           a
           Committee
           of
           Officers
           ,
           Citizens
           ,
           and
           Countrey
           Gentlemen
           ,
           should
           regulate
           the
           assessements
           of
           the
           Countrey
           according
           to
           their
           desires
           .
           Some
           of
           which
           Gentlemen
           not
           long
           after
           were
           of
           the
           Committee
           for
           these
           Counties
           by
           Order
           of
           Parliament
           .
        
         
           Moreover
           ,
           this
           Committee
           moved
           at
           a
           Councell
           of
           Warre
           for
           a
           further
           power
           to
           heare
           and
           determine
           such
           businesses
           as
           by
           the
           Governours
           speciall
           order
           should
           be
           referred
           unto
           them
           ,
           to
           examine
           upon
           oath
           ,
           and
           commit
           all
           such
           persons
           (
           Officers
           and
           Souldiers
           only
           excepted
           )
           as
           should
           offer
           contempt
           ;
           and
           this
           they
           enforced
           with
           these
           reasons
           :
           1.
           
           Because
           there
           was
           no
           Committee
           of
           Parliament
           then
           in
           being
           ,
           nor
           would
           any
           adventure
           such
           an
           undertaking
           in
           an
           oppressed
           and
           distracted
           Countrey
           ;
           and
           the
           necessities
           of
           the
           Garrison
           did
           admit
           of
           no
           delay
           .
           2.
           
           That
           this
           Committee
           consisting
           of
           Souldiers
           ,
           Citizens
           and
           Countrey
           Gentlemen
           ,
           would
           give
           satisfaction
           both
           to
           the
           Countrey
           men
           ,
           who
           payd
           their
           money
           ,
           when
           themselves
           were
           acquainted
           with
           its
           necessity
           and
           disposall
           ;
           and
           to
           the
           Souldiers
           ,
           who
           being
           privy
           to
           the
           receit
           of
           the
           money
           and
           the
           Countreys
           indigence
           ,
           might
           be
           contented
           with
           a
           slender
           entertainment
           :
           that
           at
           once
           it
           seemed
           to
           prevent
           discontent
           in
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           mutiny
           in
           the
           Souldier
           .
           3.
           
           That
           the
           Petitions
           of
           the
           Countrey
           pressed
           upon
           the
           Governour
           in
           such
           multitudes
           ,
           that
           a
           great
           part
           of
           his
           time
           which
           might
           be
           spent
           against
           the
           enemy
           to
           better
           purpose
           ,
           was
           taken
           up
           herewith
           ,
           or
           many
           persons
           must
           needs
           be
           exposed
           to
           injury
           and
           oppression
           .
           4.
           
           Because
           all
           course
           of
           Law
           from
           Westminster
           was
           then
           stopped
           ,
           
           not
           a
           Lawyer
           left
           in
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           no
           Court
           of
           Equity
           to
           relieve
           the
           oppressed
           ,
           or
           curb
           the
           extremity
           of
           the
           Law
           ,
           whose
           present
           want
           was
           not
           so
           much
           in
           setling
           estates
           and
           determining
           right
           ,
           as
           in
           providing
           for
           the
           support
           of
           the
           Garrison
           ,
           then
           like
           to
           be
           ruined
           ;
           of
           which
           the
           Kings
           partee
           had
           as
           great
           a
           confidence
           as
           before
           the
           Siege
           .
           No
           Landlord
           could
           receive
           his
           Rent
           ,
           no
           intercourse
           of
           Trade
           between
           man
           and
           man
           ,
           whereby
           to
           enable
           them
           to
           pay
           taxations
           .
           And
           for
           these
           reasons
           such
           an
           Order
           by
           the
           Councell
           of
           Warre
           was
           then
           assented
           unto
           .
        
         
           In
           this
           the
           people
           never
           groaned
           under
           the
           Governours
           power
           ;
           their
           voluntary
           submission
           was
           a
           witnesse
           of
           his
           moderation
           .
           And
           this
           authority
           had
           more
           of
           entreaty
           then
           constraint
           ,
           only
           the
           Sword
           had
           some
           influence
           of
           feare
           upon
           the
           injurious
           ;
           the
           proceedings
           of
           the
           Town-Court
           not
           suspended
           ,
           but
           sometimes
           entreated
           to
           forbeare
           upon
           equitable
           considerations
           .
           And
           when
           the
           Governour
           began
           to
           observe
           some
           derogation
           from
           his
           intentions
           ,
           by
           this
           Committee
           ,
           he
           instantly
           sent
           a
           Prohibition
           .
           T
           was
           never
           his
           thought
           to
           rule
           by
           the
           Sword
           ,
           but
           in
           a
           desperate
           case
           by
           the
           same
           to
           cut
           out
           a
           way
           wherein
           the
           rules
           of
           Law
           and
           Iustice
           might
           freely
           passe
           .
           He
           was
           ever
           unwilling
           to
           take
           the
           charge
           upon
           him
           ,
           and
           by
           severall
           Letters
           requested
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           that
           the
           burthen
           of
           Government
           might
           be
           layd
           upon
           some
           other
           ;
           or
           if
           that
           charge
           must
           rest
           upon
           him
           ,
           that
           they
           would
           send
           down
           a
           Committee
           ,
           that
           might
           take
           off
           the
           former
           cares
           ,
           and
           permit
           him
           to
           look
           to
           the
           well
           ordering
           of
           his
           Forces
           for
           the
           safety
           of
           this
           place
           ,
           and
           to
           enlarge
           his
           quarters
           ,
           that
           the
           service
           here
           might
           not
           bee
           only
           to
           keep
           Gloucester
           ,
           but
           weaken
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           and
           beget
           friends
           daily
           to
           the
           Parliament
           .
        
         
           Such
           was
           the
           face
           of
           Government
           within
           the
           City
           ,
           whilst
           the
           Enemy
           acted
           his
           part
           without
           ,
           and
           bore
           down
           by
           force
           on
           all
           sides
           .
           From
           Hexeford
           Sir
           
             William
             Vavasour
          
           with
           about
           seven
           hundred
           horse
           and
           foot
           marched
           into
           Tewksbury
           ,
           with
           a
           purpose
           to
           garrison
           that
           Town
           .
           A
           wide
           and
           open
           place
           not
           easy
           to
           be
           held
           by
           us
           ,
           who
           had
           neither
           competent
           strength
           nor
           time
           to
           fortify
           ,
           the
           Kings
           forces
           continually
           lying
           upon
           us
           .
           Sir
           William
           made
           shew
           of
           setling
           the
           Garrison
           ,
           styled
           himselfe
           Governour
           of
           Tewksbury
           ,
           invited
           the
           Countrey
           with
           promises
           of
           moderation
           and
           candor
           in
           all
           his
           
           proceedings
           ;
           yet
           these
           Welch
           Forces
           had
           scarce
           taken
           up
           their
           quarters
           ,
           but
           received
           an
           Alarum
           from
           Gloucester
           ,
           by
           a
           party
           that
           went
           up
           in
           a
           Friggot
           :
           And
           the
           common
           souldiers
           partly
           discontented
           with
           their
           Officers
           ,
           who
           had
           often
           deceived
           that
           innocent
           people
           ,
           and
           betrayed
           them
           to
           the
           Sword
           ;
           and
           partly
           repining
           for
           want
           of
           pay
           ,
           fell
           into
           a
           desperate
           mutiny
           ,
           forced
           their
           Commanders
           ,
           chose
           rather
           to
           be
           kild
           then
           to
           fight
           ,
           and
           constrained
           their
           flight
           out
           of
           the
           Town
           ,
           hasted
           over
           Vpton
           Bridge
           ,
           and
           did
           scarce
           look
           back
           ,
           till
           safe
           in
           their
           own
           Countrey
           ;
           and
           t
           was
           to
           be
           suspected
           that
           many
           late
           knocks
           had
           beaten
           out
           their
           spirits
           ,
           but
           chiefly
           that
           they
           were
           afraid
           of
           this
           Countrey
           ayre
           ,
           in
           which
           they
           could
           never
           thrive
           .
           By
           this
           meanes
           the
           excrescence
           of
           Sir
           
             William
             Uavousors
          
           government
           was
           pared
           off
           ,
           and
           himself
           driven
           to
           retire
           into
           Hereford
           .
        
         
           Neverthelesse
           we
           are
           cooped
           up
           with
           the
           enemies
           garrisons
           round
           about
           ,
           and
           wholly
           divided
           from
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Parliaments
           Army
           .
           Sudely
           Castle
           was
           maintained
           by
           the
           Lord
           Chandos
           ,
           a
           great
           stop
           to
           our
           entercourse
           with
           Warwick
           ,
           which
           was
           the
           only
           way
           of
           commerce
           with
           London
           ,
           that
           a
           Scout
           could
           not
           passe
           without
           extream
           hazard
           .
           Berkley
           Castle
           was
           held
           for
           the
           King
           by
           a
           Scottish
           Captain
           ,
           and
           subdued
           the
           richest
           part
           of
           the
           County
           .
           In
           the
           heart
           of
           the
           Forrest
           Sir
           
             Iohn
             Winter
          
           strongly
           fortified
           and
           defended
           his
           own
           House
           :
           And
           now
           the
           enemy
           had
           put
           a
           garrison
           into
           Beverstone
           Castle
           ,
           resolving
           withall
           not
           to
           leave
           one
           strong
           house
           unguarded
           ,
           both
           to
           enlarge
           their
           own
           quarters
           ,
           and
           to
           stop
           our
           markets
           and
           contribution
           .
           Our
           Governour
           began
           to
           look
           forth
           ,
           and
           first
           for
           want
           of
           quarters
           was
           enforced
           to
           send
           abroad
           his
           own
           Company
           ,
           which
           were
           placed
           in
           a
           defenceable
           house
           at
           Frampton
           upon
           Severn
           .
           These
           were
           a
           stop
           to
           the
           incursions
           from
           Berkley
           ,
           and
           furthered
           the
           safety
           of
           that
           side
           of
           the
           Countrey
           .
           An
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           Foot
           of
           Colonell
           Devereux
           his
           Regiment
           garrisond
           a
           strong
           house
           at
           Presbury
           ,
           within
           foure
           miles
           of
           Sudely
           Castle
           .
           These
           sorely
           vexed
           the
           enemy
           in
           those
           parts
           ,
           did
           a
           little
           open
           the
           passage
           towards
           Warwick
           ,
           and
           the
           house
           proved
           a
           good
           resting
           place
           in
           the
           repasse
           .
           Another
           guard
           was
           set
           at
           Westbury
           on
           the
           edge
           of
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           to
           affront
           Sir
           
           
             Iohn
             Winter
          
           ,
           a
           most
           active
           enemy
           ,
           and
           one
           chiefe
           Agent
           of
           the
           Popish
           Faction
           .
           Sir
           Iohn
           ,
           assisted
           with
           the
           Lord
           Herberts
           Horse
           ,
           threatned
           us
           out
           of
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           and
           had
           made
           a
           passage
           over
           Seavern
           at
           Newnham
           ,
           to
           afflict
           those
           parts
           beyond
           the
           River
           .
           Notwithstanding
           all
           this
           ,
           our
           small
           party
           by
           continuall
           action
           upheld
           their
           repute
           .
           Some
           weeks
           after
           the
           raising
           of
           the
           siege
           ,
           the
           Governour
           marched
           with
           his
           two
           Troops
           and
           two
           hundred
           musketiers
           before
           Berkley
           Castle
           .
           The
           musketiers
           faced
           and
           kept
           in
           the
           enemy
           ,
           whilst
           the
           Horse
           fell
           into
           the
           Countrey
           beyond
           to
           fetch
           in
           the
           persons
           of
           some
           principall
           malignants
           ,
           but
           in
           stead
           of
           them
           met
           with
           the
           Lords
           Herberts
           Troops
           ,
           and
           an
           hundred
           and
           fourty
           Horse
           besides
           ,
           which
           came
           to
           relieve
           the
           Castle
           .
           Our
           Horse
           with
           some
           few
           musketiers
           fell
           upon
           them
           ,
           put
           them
           to
           a
           retreat
           ,
           and
           slew
           some
           few
           without
           any
           losse
           to
           our
           party
           ,
           who
           drew
           off
           expecting
           the
           opportunity
           of
           a
           greater
           strength
           .
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           Sir
           
             John
             Winter
          
           entred
           upon
           the
           Government
           of
           Newnham
           ;
           whereupon
           he
           took
           the
           courage
           to
           plunder
           the
           Villages
           neare
           Gloucester
           :
           his
           Horse
           came
           within
           three
           miles
           of
           the
           City
           ,
           and
           drove
           away
           store
           of
           the
           Countrey
           cattle
           .
           The
           Governour
           receiving
           intelligence
           ,
           drew
           forth
           his
           small
           number
           of
           Horse
           not
           exceeding
           seventy
           ,
           made
           after
           and
           pursued
           them
           to
           the
           entrance
           of
           their
           new
           Garrison
           ;
           where
           they
           had
           already
           secured
           their
           plunder
           :
           in
           the
           retreat
           five
           Troops
           of
           the
           Lord
           Herberts
           Regiment
           fell
           on
           the
           reare
           ;
           our
           men
           drew
           up
           in
           a
           narrow
           lane
           ready
           to
           receive
           the
           charge
           ,
           fired
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           put
           them
           to
           a
           running
           retreat
           .
           An
           Officer
           with
           twelve
           Troopers
           made
           the
           pursuit
           ,
           took
           one
           horse
           colours
           ,
           and
           some
           prisoners
           ,
           and
           killed
           a
           Cornet
           ,
           and
           Quartermaster
           ,
           which
           event
           made
           Sir
           
             Iohn
             Winter
          
           for
           present
           quit
           that
           government
           with
           much
           distraction
           .
        
         
           At
           that
           time
           there
           was
           no
           lofty
           stage
           of
           action
           ,
           because
           the
           present
           enemy
           did
           yeeld
           no
           gallant
           opportunity
           .
           Sir
           
             Iohn
             Winter
          
           was
           wise
           for
           himselfe
           ,
           nimble
           in
           inferiour
           businesses
           ,
           delighted
           rather
           in
           petty
           and
           cunning
           contrivance
           then
           open
           gallantry
           ,
           referred
           all
           his
           industry
           to
           his
           own
           house
           ,
           or
           the
           limits
           of
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           vexed
           his
           neighbours
           more
           then
           weakned
           
           his
           enemy
           ,
           and
           advanced
           the
           Catholike
           Cause
           no
           other
           way
           then
           by
           the
           plague
           and
           ruine
           of
           the
           Countrey
           .
        
         
           On
           the
           other
           side
           of
           the
           City
           the
           enemy
           was
           imboldned
           to
           erect
           new
           Governments
           at
           Tedbury
           and
           
             Wotton
             Underedge
          
           .
           These
           did
           invite
           the
           Governours
           march
           that
           way
           ,
           who
           withall
           had
           his
           eye
           upon
           Beversione
           Castle
           newly
           garrisond
           ,
           and
           commanding
           the
           rich
           Clothiers
           of
           Stroodwater
           :
           hither
           he
           advanced
           with
           a
           party
           of
           three
           hundred
           foot
           and
           foure
           score
           horse
           .
           These
           horse
           sent
           before
           were
           so
           formidable
           to
           the
           enemy
           at
           Tedbury
           ,
           that
           the
           Governour
           
             Horatio
             Cary
          
           with
           his
           whole
           Regiment
           were
           put
           to
           flight
           ,
           and
           dissipated
           with
           the
           losse
           of
           fourteene
           of
           their
           men
           slaine
           and
           taken
           prisoners
           .
        
         
           Colonell
           Massey
           brought
           up
           his
           men
           and
           two
           Sakers
           against
           Beverston
           Castle
           ,
           where
           having
           surrounded
           it
           ,
           hee
           planted
           his
           Guns
           within
           Pistoll
           shot
           of
           the
           Gate
           ,
           and
           gave
           fire
           severall
           times
           .
           Fifty
           Musketiers
           ran
           up
           to
           the
           Gate
           at
           noone-day
           and
           fixed
           a
           Petarre
           ,
           which
           neverthelesse
           failed
           in
           the
           execution
           .
           Those
           from
           within
           threw
           Granodoes
           amongst
           our
           men
           ,
           but
           hurt
           none
           ,
           who
           although
           thereby
           forced
           from
           the
           Gate
           ,
           yet
           they
           ran
           up
           the
           second
           time
           ,
           being
           open
           to
           the
           full
           shot
           of
           a
           secure
           enemy
           ,
           and
           brought
           of
           the
           Petarre
           with
           much
           gallantry
           .
           The
           design
           was
           not
           feazible
           for
           a
           quick
           dispatch
           ;
           for
           the
           Gate
           was
           barricado'd
           within
           ,
           the
           night
           came
           on
           ,
           and
           those
           remote
           parts
           did
           promise
           no
           security
           to
           so
           small
           a
           party
           ;
           likewise
           the
           state
           of
           the
           City
           required
           them
           nearer
           home
           :
           wherefore
           after
           twelve
           houres
           the
           party
           was
           drawn
           off
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           retreat
           advanced
           towards
           
             Wotton
             Underedge
          
           ,
           where
           the
           enemy
           had
           placed
           a
           kind
           of
           temporary
           Garrison
           with
           a
           Regiment
           of
           horse
           ;
           they
           prepared
           for
           the
           coming
           of
           our
           Forces
           ,
           drew
           up
           on
           a
           Hill
           before
           the
           Town
           to
           face
           them
           ,
           and
           at
           night
           retreated
           to
           their
           Garrison
           ;
           Where
           our
           men
           arrived
           somewhat
           late
           ,
           and
           found
           the
           enemy
           all
           mounted
           ,
           sell
           upon
           them
           and
           put
           them
           to
           flight
           ,
           of
           whom
           about
           six
           were
           slaine
           ,
           and
           twelve
           taken
           prisoners
           ,
           the
           rest
           escaping
           to
           Bristoll
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           day
           by
           an
           over-ruling
           hand
           of
           providence
           ,
           our
           party
           was
           led
           back
           to
           Gloucester
           ,
           contrary
           to
           the
           hope
           of
           
           Sir
           
             Iohn
             Winter
          
           and
           his
           Complices
           .
           These
           having
           intelligence
           of
           the
           Governours
           absence
           with
           a
           stronge
           party
           ,
           and
           supposing
           the
           Garrison
           thereby
           weakned
           ,
           sent
           to
           all
           the
           quarters
           of
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           Monmouth
           and
           Herefordshire
           ,
           to
           draw
           together
           and
           advance
           for
           the
           surprisall
           of
           Gloucester
           .
           It
           was
           afterwards
           suspected
           a
           complotment
           ,
           to
           be
           managed
           by
           the
           assistance
           of
           Malignants
           in
           the
           City
           .
           Late
           at
           night
           the
           Governour
           had
           notice
           of
           the
           enemy
           in
           the
           Forrest
           .
           Thereupon
           he
           commanded
           Captain
           Crispe
           to
           draw
           fifty
           Musketiers
           from
           the
           Guards
           and
           march
           three
           miles
           that
           way
           ,
           making
           good
           a
           house
           that
           stood
           on
           the
           passage
           .
           As
           yet
           there
           was
           no
           suspition
           of
           a
           Plot
           ,
           but
           before
           our
           party
           had
           passed
           a
           mile
           and
           halfe
           ,
           they
           encountred
           the
           enemy
           who
           were
           drawn
           up
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           in
           a
           broad
           lane
           neare
           Highnam
           House
           ,
           instantly
           fired
           upon
           them
           ,
           slew
           a
           Captaine
           ,
           and
           some
           foure
           common
           souldiers
           .
           The
           enemy
           were
           amazed
           at
           the
           sudden
           and
           unexpected
           encounter
           ,
           forced
           back
           with
           feare
           ,
           and
           retreated
           to
           Huntly
           ,
           where
           Sir
           
             Iohn
             Winter
          
           had
           secured
           his
           own
           person
           :
           But
           distracted
           by
           the
           strange
           repulse
           ,
           marched
           off
           in
           great
           confusion
           at
           the
           approach
           of
           fifteene
           horse
           that
           fell
           in
           amongst
           the
           whole
           Brigade
           ,
           slew
           seven
           or
           eight
           ,
           and
           took
           ten
           prisoners
           .
        
         
           This
           discomfited
           the
           enemy
           and
           dashed
           the
           designe
           ;
           yet
           the
           Hereford
           and
           Monmouthshiere
           Forces
           kept
           their
           randevouz
           at
           Coford
           in
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           and
           still
           threatned
           the
           City
           .
           No
           meanes
           for
           the
           reducing
           of
           this
           place
           is
           left
           unattempted
           ,
           and
           at
           this
           present
           treachery
           was
           the
           grand
           design
           and
           over-ruled
           all
           their
           proceedings
           ,
           and
           prevented
           many
           mischievous
           acts
           of
           open
           hostility
           ,
           which
           might
           easily
           have
           destroid
           us
           ;
           for
           divers
           Malignant
           Gentlemen
           of
           this
           County
           went
           about
           to
           cast
           this
           City
           into
           extreme
           poverty
           and
           exigence
           by
           the
           Countreys
           ruine
           :
           Wherefore
           conceiving
           the
           present
           enemies
           not
           sufficiently
           cruell
           ,
           they
           importuned
           his
           Majesty
           that
           Colonell
           
             Charles
             Gerrard
          
           might
           quarter
           upon
           us
           with
           his
           Brigade
           ,
           to
           devour
           ,
           spoyle
           and
           burn
           ,
           besides
           the
           expectation
           of
           all
           the
           mischiefe
           the
           Lord
           Herbort
           and
           Vavasour
           can
           doe
           .
           But
           this
           malitious
           councell
           and
           instigation
           though
           most
           opportune
           for
           the
           Kings
           
           purpose
           ,
           was
           afterwards
           crossed
           by
           their
           own
           party
           ,
           waiting
           upon
           the
           successe
           of
           a
           close
           design
           .
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           was
           the
           act
           of
           Pacification
           made
           by
           the
           King
           with
           the
           Irish
           Rebels
           ,
           which
           began
           to
           undeceive
           the
           world
           ,
           and
           wipe
           of
           the
           Varnish
           of
           the
           former
           Oathes
           and
           Protestations
           .
           The
           world
           could
           not
           believe
           that
           any
           command
           or
           power
           could
           so
           soone
           allay
           and
           quell
           those
           Irish
           stormes
           ,
           but
           that
           word
           which
           raised
           them
           up
           :
           Then
           did
           the
           effect
           declare
           the
           cause
           of
           those
           rare
           and
           slow
           Proclamations
           against
           that
           bloudy
           Rebellion
           ,
           and
           strange
           intercepting
           of
           reliefe
           sent
           from
           the
           State
           to
           the
           distressed
           Protestants
           .
           The
           greatest
           admirer
           of
           the
           Kings
           Declarations
           could
           judge
           no
           lesse
           then
           that
           those
           Rebells
           did
           better
           comply
           with
           his
           intentions
           then
           the
           Parliament
           of
           England
           ;
           since
           his
           Majesty
           having
           two
           enemies
           ,
           is
           resolved
           to
           make
           peace
           with
           one
           to
           crush
           the
           other
           ;
           he
           will
           fall
           in
           with
           that
           party
           that
           carries
           least
           contradiction
           to
           his
           maine
           designe
           ;
           and
           this
           was
           the
           Rebell
           of
           Ireland
           ;
           whose
           chiefe
           aime
           likewise
           his
           Majesty
           must
           not
           abhorre
           :
           for
           there
           can
           bee
           no
           lasting
           compliance
           without
           a
           mutuall
           engagement
           .
           Besides
           ,
           the
           heads
           of
           that
           Rebellion
           were
           brought
           over
           not
           as
           accessaries
           ,
           but
           principals
           in
           the
           Kings
           warre
           ,
           and
           admitted
           to
           the
           secret
           Councell
           .
           And
           to
           colour
           the
           Pacification
           ,
           the
           losse
           of
           that
           Kingdome
           and
           all
           the
           sufferings
           of
           the
           English
           Protestants
           were
           charged
           upon
           the
           Parliament
           .
           The
           English
           Forces
           in
           Ireland
           were
           possest
           with
           the
           opinion
           of
           neglect
           in
           the
           State
           ,
           and
           were
           taken
           off
           the
           persuite
           of
           a
           just
           revenge
           upon
           those
           cursed
           Rebels
           to
           warre
           against
           their
           native
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           teare
           the
           bowels
           ,
           of
           the
           mother
           that
           bare
           them
           ,
           and
           therein
           act
           a
           part
           ,
           and
           cast
           in
           their
           lot
           with
           the
           Rebels
           themselves
           .
        
         
           Some
           of
           these
           Irish
           Forces
           landed
           at
           Bristoll
           ,
           and
           thence
           fell
           down
           upon
           Gloucestershire
           :
           Colonell
           Min
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             William
             St.
             Leger
          
           ,
           with
           both
           their
           Regiments
           ,
           making
           up
           eight
           hundred
           or
           a
           thousand
           Foot
           ,
           and
           a
           hundred
           Horse
           ,
           all
           resolved
           men
           ,
           with
           eight
           Piece
           of
           Ordnance
           ,
           advanced
           to
           Thornbury
           .
           Colonell
           Massey
           proclaimed
           entertainment
           to
           all
           such
           as
           would
           tender
           their
           service
           to
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           many
           private
           souldiers
           
           resenting
           the
           difference
           of
           the
           cause
           came
           over
           daily
           .
           About
           the
           twentieth
           of
           December
           ,
           a
           party
           of
           two
           hundred
           horse
           and
           Dragoones
           commanded
           by
           Captaine
           Backhouse
           ,
           were
           designed
           to
           beat
           up
           their
           quarters
           at
           Wotton
           ,
           where
           they
           were
           lately
           arrived
           from
           Thornbury
           :
           Wherefore
           the
           party
           advancing
           thither
           ,
           suddenly
           fell
           in
           among
           them
           ,
           and
           found
           eight
           hundred
           men
           ,
           charged
           up
           to
           the
           maine
           Guard
           ,
           and
           for
           a
           while
           were
           masters
           of
           foure
           Piece
           of
           Ordinance
           ,
           but
           over-matched
           and
           borne
           down
           by
           their
           numbers
           ,
           were
           forced
           to
           retreat
           ,
           yet
           having
           first
           slaine
           ,
           wounded
           ,
           and
           taken
           many
           of
           them
           without
           the
           losse
           of
           a
           man.
           At
           the
           same
           time
           some
           of
           Colonell
           Vavasours
           Forces
           undertook
           to
           settle
           at
           Upton
           upon
           Seaverne
           ,
           but
           at
           the
           first
           shew
           of
           an
           approach
           from
           Gloucester
           quitted
           those
           quarters
           .
        
         
           Once
           more
           doe
           the
           clouds
           gather
           round
           about
           ,
           the
           storm
           threatned
           by
           the
           enemies
           fury
           ,
           and
           more
           violently
           driven
           by
           the
           malice
           of
           some
           Countrey
           Gentlemen
           begins
           to
           arise
           ;
           The
           Malignant
           Gentlemen
           of
           Cotswold
           provide
           Armes
           ,
           and
           garrison
           strong
           Houses
           .
           Forces
           from
           Oxford
           were
           expected
           at
           Painsewick
           and
           Stroud
           ;
           the
           Irish
           were
           to
           lie
           on
           this
           side
           Berkely
           ,
           the
           Lord
           Herbert
           and
           Sir
           
             Iohn
             Winter
          
           in
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           the
           Lord
           Chandos
           at
           Cheltenham
           ,
           Sir
           
             William
             Vavasour
          
           and
           Sir
           
             Walter
             Pie
          
           at
           Tewkesbury
           ,
           so
           that
           by
           them
           our
           destruction
           is
           decreed
           and
           seemes
           as
           a
           thing
           done
           .
        
         
           Every
           corner
           of
           the
           Country
           is
           pestered
           with
           the
           enemies
           Garrisons
           ,
           as
           
             Newneham
             ,
             Lidney
             ,
             Monmouth
             ,
             Hereford
             ,
             Worcester
             ,
             Dimmock
             ,
             Newent
             ,
             Highleaden
             ,
             Tainton
             ,
             Tewkesbury
             ,
             Sudely
             ,
             Saperton
             ,
             Beverston
          
           and
           Berkely
           .
           Opposite
           to
           these
           was
           the
           Governour
           constrained
           to
           erect
           petty
           Garrisons
           ,
           as
           many
           and
           as
           neare
           as
           possible
           ;
           for
           the
           Kings
           Forces
           were
           againe
           advanced
           out
           of
           Herefordshire
           with
           a
           greater
           strength
           and
           well
           prepared
           .
           Sir
           
             William
             Vavasour
          
           ,
           Sir
           
             Walter
             Pie
          
           ,
           and
           Colonell
           Wroughton
           are
           arrived
           at
           Tewkesbury
           ,
           and
           began
           to
           fortifie
           ,
           having
           a
           great
           power
           with
           them
           till
           the
           Town
           was
           setled
           ,
           and
           made
           strong
           ;
           yet
           still
           disturbed
           by
           continuall
           Alarums
           from
           Gloucester
           ,
           though
           the
           Land-flouds
           hindred
           our
           design
           upon
           them
           .
           The
           Irish
           Regiments
           rose
           from
           Wotton
           ,
           and
           thence
           made
           
           over
           the
           Hills
           for
           Tewkesbury
           .
           And
           because
           their
           march
           was
           interrupted
           by
           our
           parties
           ,
           the
           Lord
           Chandos
           horse
           joyned
           with
           them
           to
           strengthen
           and
           secure
           their
           ,
           advance
           to
           Cheltenham
           ;
           whether
           they
           came
           with
           foure
           small
           Piece
           of
           Ordnance
           .
           Our
           men
           still
           flirted
           upon
           them
           .
           And
           a
           Party
           of
           Horse
           and
           Dragoones
           commanded
           by
           Major
           Gray
           ,
           fell
           that
           night
           into
           
             Charlton
             Kings
          
           ,
           and
           had
           surprized
           the
           Lord
           Chandos
           in
           his
           quarters
           ,
           had
           he
           not
           made
           a
           private
           escape
           ,
           where
           the
           search
           after
           him
           caused
           the
           losse
           of
           seven
           or
           eight
           private
           souldiers
           ;
           yet
           they
           slew
           some
           of
           the
           enemy
           ,
           took
           ten
           prisoners
           and
           some
           few
           horse
           .
           The
           next
           day
           the
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           bended
           their
           course
           to
           Tewkesbury
           ;
           our
           men
           waited
           upon
           the
           march
           ,
           and
           kept
           them
           up
           close
           ,
           that
           those
           parts
           of
           the
           Countrey
           received
           but
           little
           dammage
           ;
           when
           these
           had
           joyned
           with
           the
           other
           Regiments
           ,
           they
           were
           supposed
           to
           make
           neare
           upon
           two
           thousand
           six
           hundred
           Horse
           and
           Foot.
           
        
         
           After
           a
           little
           stay
           ,
           a
           part
           of
           these
           forces
           were
           drawn
           off
           towards
           Warwickshire
           ,
           to
           joyne
           with
           the
           enemy
           that
           there
           waited
           the
           intercepting
           or
           surprizall
           of
           our
           supplies
           from
           London
           ,
           then
           long
           and
           earnestly
           expected
           and
           noised
           abroad
           ,
           our
           powder
           being
           welnigh
           spent
           ,
           and
           necessity
           constrianing
           us
           to
           use
           a
           kind
           of
           match
           made
           of
           Bast.
           Sir
           
             Walter
             Pies
          
           Foot
           ,
           and
           Col.
           Wroughtons
           Horse
           remained
           at
           Tewksbury
           to
           block
           up
           the
           City
           on
           that
           side
           ,
           in
           and
           about
           which
           Town
           fifteen
           hundred
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           were
           constantly
           quartered
           ;
           Colonell
           Washingtons
           Regiment
           kept
           Garrison
           at
           Evesham
           ,
           and
           a
           Regiment
           of
           Horse
           lay
           at
           Parshore
           ,
           besides
           a
           considerable
           strength
           at
           Sudely
           .
           These
           thought
           to
           swallow
           up
           our
           approaching
           succours
           ,
           or
           if
           they
           did
           not
           come
           ,
           speedily
           to
           compell
           us
           to
           yeeld
           up
           the
           City
           ;
           for
           it
           was
           reported
           with
           the
           enemy
           ,
           and
           believed
           by
           many
           ,
           that
           we
           suffered
           extream
           penury
           .
        
         
           And
           though
           provisions
           were
           not
           much
           wanting
           ,
           being
           in
           a
           fat
           Countrey
           ,
           yet
           the
           reall
           exigences
           of
           the
           Garrison
           were
           great
           ;
           for
           lack
           of
           pay
           the
           discontents
           of
           the
           Souldiers
           were
           desperate
           and
           endlesse
           .
           In
           most
           of
           the
           Officers
           a
           generall
           neglect
           of
           duty
           ,
           who
           for
           the
           least
           check
           would
           throw
           up
           their
           
           Commissions
           ,
           to
           the
           Governours
           great
           discontent
           and
           trouble
           .
           Many
           inferiour
           Officers
           forsook
           us
           ,
           and
           common
           Souldiers
           ranne
           to
           other
           places
           that
           yielded
           a
           large
           and
           constant
           entertainment
           ,
           and
           required
           lesse
           service
           ;
           whilst
           honest
           and
           gallant
           men
           that
           did
           not
           desert
           their
           Colours
           ,
           were
           exposed
           to
           misery
           and
           want
           ;
           yet
           could
           we
           not
           want
           men
           ,
           who
           daily
           offered
           themselves
           to
           the
           service
           ,
           had
           wee
           moneys
           to
           pay
           them
           .
           Neither
           had
           wee
           any
           power
           of
           men
           to
           raise
           moneys
           for
           the
           Garrisons
           maintenance
           .
           Our
           out-guards
           as
           
             Presbury
             ,
             Wesbury
             ,
             Essington
             ,
             Frampton
             ,
             Froster
             ,
          
           set
           to
           preserve
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           keep
           the
           Markets
           open
           ,
           did
           eat
           up
           the
           greater
           part
           of
           the
           Contribution
           ,
           and
           consume
           our
           men
           and
           ammunition
           ,
           besides
           the
           daily
           sending
           out
           of
           parties
           .
           T
           was
           a
           kinde
           of
           shifting
           life
           and
           wonderfull
           ,
           that
           the
           Officers
           command
           should
           finde
           the
           least
           measure
           of
           obedience
           .
           Some
           Offcers
           did
           expend
           their
           own
           meanes
           to
           keep
           their
           Companies
           entire
           ;
           the
           Governour
           was
           necessitated
           at
           his
           own
           charge
           to
           billet
           above
           threescore
           Souldiers
           ,
           besides
           the
           charge
           of
           a
           Troop
           .
           The
           Countrey
           was
           impoverished
           ,
           the
           Commission
           of
           Excise
           was
           not
           setled
           ,
           and
           brought
           in
           no
           considerable
           summe
           .
           The
           Citizens
           were
           restrained
           of
           Trade
           ,
           and
           the
           wayes
           of
           Commerce
           stopped
           up
           ;
           and
           therefore
           at
           present
           they
           were
           quite
           left
           to
           the
           Garrison
           .
           Besides
           the
           slownesse
           and
           low
           reports
           of
           our
           succours
           did
           exceedingly
           dis-hearten
           the
           people
           .
           Many
           Countrey
           Gentlemen
           that
           were
           not
           the
           Confidents
           of
           the
           contrary
           Faction
           ,
           were
           about
           to
           comply
           with
           this
           Government
           ,
           especially
           upon
           the
           Parliaments
           Declaration
           of
           pardon
           ;
           but
           the
           notice
           of
           those
           slender
           supplies
           ,
           and
           the
           thought
           of
           the
           States
           supposed
           neglect
           ,
           turned
           them
           off
           ,
           and
           made
           them
           more
           violent
           against
           us
           .
           For
           this
           lasting
           suspense
           and
           bondage
           under
           two
           parties
           did
           vex
           them
           :
           wherfore
           his
           Majesty
           was
           again
           importuned
           ,
           to
           destroy
           and
           fire
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           if
           he
           could
           not
           lodge
           his
           forces
           so
           neare
           as
           to
           block
           us
           up
           .
        
         
           The
           Garrison
           neverthelesse
           did
           not
           only
           defend
           its
           own
           territories
           ,
           but
           made
           sundry
           adventures
           and
           inrodes
           upon
           the
           Enemies
           
           quarters
           ,
           staved
           off
           ,
           and
           kept
           them
           within
           their
           bounds
           .
           The
           Governour
           had
           built
           a
           Friggot
           for
           service
           upon
           the
           River
           ,
           to
           secure
           the
           Countrey
           near
           Gloucester
           ,
           on
           that
           side
           Seavern
           ,
           because
           the
           Enemy
           commanded
           greatest
           part
           of
           the
           River
           ,
           and
           landed
           at
           their
           pleasure
           upon
           our
           quarters
           ,
           from
           Bristoll
           and
           Wales
           .
           This
           Friggot
           was
           sent
           down
           Seavern
           manned
           with
           Sea-men
           and
           a
           party
           of
           Souldiers
           ,
           for
           whatsoever
           attempt
           sudden
           opportunity
           should
           offer
           ;
           and
           arriving
           at
           Chepstow
           ,
           our
           musketteers
           hasted
           ashore
           ,
           and
           entred
           the
           Town
           ,
           where
           they
           surprized
           most
           of
           the
           Officers
           of
           Colonell
           Oneales
           Regiment
           ,
           raysed
           under
           the
           command
           of
           the
           Lord
           Herbert
           .
           These
           never
           dreamed
           of
           an
           enemy
           from
           Gloucester
           ,
           in
           that
           corner
           of
           the
           Land
           ,
           at
           such
           a
           distance
           .
           And
           this
           was
           the
           advantage
           of
           the
           service
           ,
           that
           by
           the
           surprizall
           of
           the
           Officers
           ,
           it
           prevented
           the
           raysing
           of
           that
           Regiment
           of
           horse
           which
           shortly
           after
           would
           have
           plagued
           the
           Countrey
           .
           Our
           men
           having
           secured
           their
           prisoners
           ,
           and
           ready
           to
           made
           homewards
           ,
           another
           prize
           fell
           into
           their
           hands
           ,
           where
           they
           took
           a
           Vessell
           laden
           from
           Bristoll
           with
           Oyle
           ,
           Wine
           ,
           Sugar
           ,
           and
           other
           commodities
           .
           These
           little
           services
           were
           answerable
           to
           the
           times
           ,
           and
           upheld
           the
           esteem
           of
           the
           Garrison
           in
           that
           low
           ebbe
           .
           This
           Expedition
           gave
           an
           Alarum
           to
           Bristoll
           ,
           and
           all
           Wales
           ,
           who
           to
           prevent
           the
           like
           inrode
           ,
           sent
           up
           divers
           Friggots
           to
           guard
           the
           River
           .
        
         
           At
           this
           time
           Sir
           
             William
             Vavasour
          
           began
           to
           appeare
           from
           Tewksbury
           ,
           and
           made
           an
           attempt
           upon
           
             Bodington
             House
          
           ,
           a
           petty
           Garrison
           of
           ours
           ,
           only
           to
           preserve
           the
           Countrey
           .
           Hither
           he
           came
           up
           with
           five
           hundred
           foot
           and
           two
           peeces
           of
           Ordnance
           ,
           fired
           his
           Gunnes
           against
           the
           House
           ,
           and
           engaged
           himselfe
           in
           an
           assault
           .
           The
           place
           was
           maintayned
           by
           them
           within
           till
           a
           small
           party
           drew
           from
           Gloucester
           ,
           the
           report
           of
           which
           (
           at
           three
           miles
           distance
           )
           caused
           Colonell
           Vavasour
           to
           draw
           of
           and
           return
           back
           to
           Tewkesbury
           ,
           with
           the
           losse
           of
           eight
           or
           ten
           men
           before
           the
           House
           .
           Neither
           did
           Vavasour
           seem
           to
           act
           with
           that
           violence
           ,
           which
           the
           out-side
           of
           the
           enemies
           design
           did
           look
           for
           :
           whether
           retarded
           by
           the
           dulnesse
           of
           nature
           ,
           or
           the
           notice
           of
           some
           close
           contrivance
           .
           However
           ,
           the
           slownesse
           
           and
           ill
           successe
           of
           his
           actions
           rendred
           him
           obnoxious
           to
           the
           jealousies
           of
           his
           own
           Party
           ;
           which
           suspition
           was
           easily
           encreased
           by
           the
           intercourse
           of
           civility
           between
           him
           and
           Colonell
           Massie
           ,
           when
           the
           known
           fidelity
           and
           constant
           indeavours
           of
           the
           one
           could
           inable
           him
           without
           offence
           to
           his
           own
           side
           to
           disport
           with
           an
           enemy
           in
           such
           complements
           ,
           as
           the
           other
           had
           not
           the
           liberty
           to
           use
           .
           Such
           neglected
           passages
           have
           a
           great
           weight
           in
           the
           ballance
           of
           reputation
           and
           honour
           :
           since
           the
           minde
           is
           not
           revealed
           by
           it selfe
           ,
           and
           wise
           men
           as
           well
           as
           fooles
           oft-times
           have
           only
           the
           event
           to
           guide
           their
           judgements
           .
        
         
           On
           the
           other
           side
           of
           the
           Town
           ,
           we
           had
           continuall
           skirmishes
           with
           Colonell
           Veale
           newly
           made
           Governour
           of
           Berkly
           Castle
           ,
           and
           assisted
           with
           the
           Lord
           Inchequeens
           Regiment
           of
           Horse
           .
           This
           enemy
           was
           no
           way
           formidable
           nor
           mischievous
           in
           any
           thing
           save
           the
           plunder
           of
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           by
           whom
           hee
           was
           oft-times
           beaten
           back
           and
           kept
           in
           awe
           by
           the
           assistance
           of
           Frampton
           garrison
           .
           The
           Church
           at
           Newnham
           was
           againe
           fortified
           and
           defended
           by
           Sir
           
             Iohn
             Winter
          
           with
           a
           sufficient
           strength
           of
           men
           ,
           and
           foure
           Pieces
           of
           Ordnance
           ,
           whence
           hee
           might
           runne
           up
           to
           the
           Gates
           of
           Gloucester
           ,
           rob
           the
           Countrey
           and
           take
           mens
           persons
           at
           pleasure
           ,
           only
           we
           kept
           a
           guard
           at
           Arlingham
           to
           hinder
           his
           passage
           over
           Seavern
           .
        
         
           Colonell
           Man
           lay
           strong
           at
           
             Newent
             ,
             Highleaden
          
           ,
           and
           Tainton
           :
           The
           Governour
           could
           doe
           little
           on
           that
           side
           ,
           only
           he
           placed
           a
           Garrison
           at
           Hartpury
           Court
           ,
           both
           to
           preserve
           Cosselawne
           ,
           and
           to
           endeavour
           the
           engagement
           of
           Colonell
           Min.
           Our
           Garrison
           at
           Frampton
           was
           removed
           to
           Slimbridge
           within
           foure
           miles
           of
           Berkley
           ;
           we
           had
           other
           guards
           likewise
           at
           Essington
           and
           Froster
           ,
           to
           preserve
           and
           enable
           the
           people
           to
           contribution
           .
           Thus
           was
           the
           City
           pestered
           on
           every
           hand
           ,
           and
           fetched
           its
           livelihood
           out
           of
           the
           fire
           ,
           with
           continuall
           hazard
           ,
           forcing
           the
           enemies
           quarters
           ,
           and
           defending
           its
           own
           ;
           parties
           were
           daily
           drawn
           out
           by
           the
           Governour
           ,
           who
           then
           could
           not
           aime
           at
           victory
           ,
           nor
           expect
           any
           great
           performance
           ,
           though
           the
           common
           people
           repined
           that
           he
           did
           not
           alwayes
           conquer
           ,
           when
           it
           was
           conquest
           enough
           to
           keep
           the
           enemy
           in
           action
           ,
           and
           prevent
           their
           extravagances
           ,
           
           to
           beare
           up
           the
           hearts
           of
           our
           friends
           ,
           and
           signifie
           to
           the
           world
           that
           we
           were
           yet
           alive
           .
           Though
           the
           Governour
           was
           not
           invited
           abroad
           ,
           yet
           he
           strove
           to
           make
           opportunities
           according
           to
           the
           stock
           of
           Ammunition
           that
           was
           left
           him
           ;
           that
           councells
           might
           spring
           out
           of
           the
           midst
           of
           action
           .
           He
           drew
           out
           upon
           Tainton
           with
           two
           hundred
           Musketiers
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           hundred
           horse
           faced
           the
           house
           only
           to
           keep
           in
           or
           amaze
           them
           ,
           but
           when
           the
           horse
           marched
           off
           ,
           some
           of
           their
           Troopes
           fell
           on
           the
           Reare-guard
           and
           charged
           the
           Governour
           ,
           who
           re-encountred
           and
           charged
           home
           some
           distance
           before
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Troop
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           breaking
           of
           the
           curb
           ,
           his
           horse
           carryed
           him
           amongst
           the
           enemies
           Troopes
           ,
           with
           whom
           for
           a
           while
           he
           grappled
           ,
           and
           was
           rescued
           by
           the
           gallantry
           of
           a
           common
           Trooper
           ,
           by
           which
           time
           our
           Musketiers
           were
           brought
           up
           ,
           and
           beat
           them
           back
           without
           losse
           to
           us
           .
        
         
           The
           Governour
           choosed
           rather
           to
           make
           work
           for
           the
           enemy
           ,
           and
           to
           seek
           him
           in
           his
           own
           quarters
           ,
           then
           lie
           at
           home
           to
           expect
           the
           challenge
           ;
           yet
           did
           he
           play
           a
           wary
           game
           and
           though
           zealous
           of
           honour
           ,
           yet
           more
           true
           to
           the
           maine
           chance
           and
           tender
           of
           the
           lives
           of
           men
           :
           wherefore
           hee
           advanced
           againe
           with
           foure
           hundred
           Musketiers
           and
           fifty
           horse
           ,
           came
           before
           Tainton
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           small
           party
           faced
           the
           house
           ,
           having
           laid
           some
           Ambuscado's
           with
           a
           purpose
           to
           allure
           them
           into
           the
           snare
           ,
           and
           cut
           off
           their
           men
           ,
           as
           well
           to
           encourage
           the
           Countrey
           as
           weaken
           the
           enemy
           ,
           but
           they
           did
           not
           adventure
           out
           .
           When
           we
           drew
           thence
           ,
           our
           men
           beheld
           a
           faire
           body
           of
           horse
           at
           Highleaden
           ,
           whereupon
           a
           forlorn
           hope
           of
           our
           Musketiers
           with
           twenty
           horse
           advanced
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           found
           their
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           drawn
           out
           of
           Highleaden
           House
           :
           These
           were
           to
           joyn
           with
           Colonell
           Min
           ,
           who
           at
           that
           instant
           was
           marched
           out
           of
           Newent
           ,
           with
           a
           purpose
           to
           fall
           on
           Hartpury
           Garrison
           .
           Here
           at
           the
           first
           some
           few
           of
           our
           horse
           gave
           the
           charge
           ,
           hurried
           the
           enemy
           and
           beat
           up
           their
           Ambuscadoes
           :
           then
           they
           drew
           out
           their
           whole
           Garririson
           and
           sell
           on
           ;
           Their
           horse
           did
           not
           stand
           to
           it
           ,
           but
           with
           their
           foot
           there
           was
           an
           hot
           skirmish
           almost
           an
           houre
           :
           And
           though
           our
           seconds
           were
           slow
           in
           comming
           up
           yet
           did
           the
           forlorn
           hope
           drive
           them
           from
           hedge
           to
           hedge
           ,
           and
           after
           a
           while
           our
           body
           
           comming
           on
           beat
           them
           in
           ,
           and
           pursued
           them
           up
           to
           the
           very
           house
           ,
           took
           some
           few
           prisoners
           ,
           and
           came
           off
           with
           the
           losse
           only
           of
           two
           men
           .
        
         
           Such
           multitudes
           of
           the
           Kings
           Forces
           lay
           upon
           us
           to
           oppresse
           the
           Countrey
           and
           intercept
           our
           reliefe
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           extremely
           straimed
           of
           quarter
           ,
           and
           enforced
           to
           look
           forth
           for
           livelihood
           .
           Whereupon
           two
           thousand
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           marched
           from
           Tewkesbury
           to
           Painsewick
           to
           gather
           contribution
           ,
           and
           rob
           the
           Countrey
           about
           Stroudwater
           :
           The
           Governour
           drew
           out
           two
           hundred
           Musketiers
           with
           an
           hundred
           horse
           ,
           and
           marched
           to
           the
           top
           of
           Bruckthrop
           Hill
           expecting
           the
           enemy
           ,
           whom
           he
           found
           divided
           into
           three
           bodies
           and
           himselfe
           born
           down
           by
           their
           multitude
           ,
           for
           whilst
           two
           parties
           faced
           him
           the
           third
           stole
           down
           an
           hollow
           lane
           ,
           and
           had
           almost
           surrounded
           him
           unawares
           by
           the
           negligence
           of
           the
           Scouts
           ,
           so
           that
           our
           whole
           body
           was
           brought
           into
           great
           danger
           ,
           driven
           to
           a
           sudden
           and
           confused
           retreat
           ,
           and
           the
           Governour
           himselfe
           ,
           left
           deeply
           engaged
           ;
           yet
           most
           of
           our
           men
           got
           off
           ,
           being
           preserved
           only
           by
           the
           gallartry
           of
           a
           few
           resolved
           men
           that
           stood
           in
           the
           breach
           ;
           and
           of
           them
           Captaine
           
             George
             Massie
          
           striving
           to
           retard
           the
           pursuit
           ,
           grappled
           with
           three
           together
           hand
           to
           hand
           ,
           received
           a
           sore
           wound
           in
           the
           head
           ,
           and
           was
           happily
           rescued
           by
           a
           Serjeant
           of
           the
           company
           ;
           of
           ours
           ,
           two
           Lievtenants
           and
           sixteen
           private
           Souldiers
           were
           taken
           prisoners
           ,
           the
           rest
           in
           disorder
           ran
           down
           the
           steep
           through
           a
           rough
           and
           narrow
           lane
           ,
           and
           recovered
           an
           house
           at
           the
           foot
           of
           the
           Hill
           ,
           where
           a
           party
           was
           left
           to
           make
           good
           the
           retreat
           ,
           and
           the
           enemy
           durst
           not
           pursue
           ,
           by
           which
           meanes
           all
           the
           bottome
           was
           preserved
           from
           spoyle
           ;
           next
           day
           they
           retreated
           to
           
             Few
             esbury
          
           laden
           with
           plunder
           .
        
         
           Suddenly
           after
           this
           repulse
           ,
           we
           lost
           two
           small
           Garrisons
           at
           Westbury
           and
           Huntly
           ,
           by
           the
           treachery
           of
           Captaine
           
             Thomas
             Davis
          
           ,
           who
           sold
           them
           at
           a
           rate
           to
           Sir
           
             John
             Winter
          
           .
           This
           Davis
           commanded
           the
           Guard
           at
           Huntly
           where
           himselfe
           by
           night
           some
           distance
           from
           the
           house
           attended
           the
           enemies
           comming
           ,
           went
           in
           before
           them
           as
           friends
           from
           Gloucester
           ,
           gave
           them
           possession
           ,
           and
           having
           accomplisht
           that
           peece
           of
           treason
           ,
           immediately
           marched
           to
           Wesbury
           where
           he
           was
           received
           for
           a
           friend
           ,
           and
           led
           
           in
           his
           traine
           of
           Cavaleers
           ,
           that
           both
           places
           were
           surprized
           in
           two
           houres
           ,
           and
           above
           eighty
           men
           and
           armes
           lost
           in
           that
           great
           exigence
           .
           This
           Villaine
           was
           posted
           on
           the
           Gallowes
           in
           Gloucester
           ,
           and
           the
           Lord
           Generall
           was
           desired
           that
           his
           name
           might
           stand
           upon
           the
           Gibbet
           in
           all
           the
           Parliament
           Garrisons
        
         
           During
           these
           things
           ,
           a
           Treason
           of
           higher
           nature
           was
           plotted
           by
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           to
           a
           self-delusion
           in
           the
           close
           ,
           a
           greater
           birth
           requiring
           more
           time
           to
           bring
           forth
           .
           It
           was
           first
           conceived
           the
           nineteenth
           of
           November
           ,
           and
           for
           near
           ten
           weeks
           had
           the
           prime
           influence
           on
           their
           whole
           course
           in
           these
           parts
           ;
           and
           is
           now
           ripe
           for
           action
           .
           All
           the
           force
           they
           can
           make
           from
           Oxford
           ,
           and
           the
           Irish
           are
           drawn
           together
           .
           The
           Lord
           Herbert
           ,
           Colonell
           Vavasour
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             Iohn
             Winter
          
           lie
           upon
           us
           ,
           and
           Prince
           Rupert
           himselfe
           lying
           at
           Newent
           ,
           hoping
           to
           effect
           this
           great
           Design
           .
           Fifteen
           colours
           of
           horse
           arrived
           at
           Cirencester
           ,
           and
           five
           hundred
           horse
           and
           foot
           advanced
           to
           Saperton
           and
           Musarden
           ,
           within
           ten
           miles
           of
           this
           Garrison
           .
           There
           were
           of
           the
           Enemies
           forces
           round
           about
           ,
           near
           six
           or
           seven
           thousand
           .
        
         
           The
           failing
           of
           their
           endeavours
           and
           hopes
           in
           the
           late
           siege
           ,
           brought
           forth
           a
           despaire
           of
           reducing
           the
           City
           by
           storme
           ,
           and
           put
           them
           upon
           the
           wayes
           of
           treachery
           ,
           who
           therein
           illuded
           themselves
           ,
           and
           were
           over-acted
           in
           their
           own
           councels
           .
           One
           
             Edward
             Stanford
          
           an
           Esquire
           ,
           and
           a
           grand
           Papist
           ,
           assaulted
           the
           fidelity
           of
           Captain
           Backhouse
           once
           his
           friend
           and
           acquaintance
           .
           He
           presumed
           that
           former
           friendship
           might
           make
           way
           to
           admit
           the
           plot
           ,
           and
           Backhouses
           power
           and
           interest
           in
           the
           Governour
           made
           it
           (
           in
           his
           conception
           )
           very
           feasible
           .
           Wherefore
           in
           a
           private
           Letter
           he
           tendred
           the
           renewing
           of
           ancient
           love
           ,
           not
           only
           to
           the
           procuring
           of
           the
           Kings
           pardon
           ,
           but
           a
           greater
           advancement
           and
           fortune
           then
           the
           condition
           of
           those
           whom
           he
           served
           ,
           could
           rayse
           him
           to
           .
           This
           might
           be
           purchased
           by
           the
           delivering
           of
           Gloucester
           into
           their
           hands
           ,
           which
           was
           not
           hard
           for
           him
           to
           perform
           considering
           the
           nature
           of
           his
           employment
           And
           the
           honesty
           of
           the
           enterprize
           was
           grounded
           on
           the
           old
           proverb
           ,
           
             fallere
             faltentem
             non
             est
             fraus
          
           .
           An
           hasty
           and
           abrupt
           temptation
           and
           the
           tempters
           irrationall
           confidence
           did
           befool
           him
           in
           the
           first
           onset
           ,
           who
           knew
           not
           either
           to
           propose
           or
           expect
           such
           grounds
           of
           assurance
           
           
           
           
           
           as
           the
           thing
           did
           require
           :
           but
           set
           upon
           a
           knowing
           man
           ,
           without
           the
           knowledge
           of
           any
           imbred
           inclination
           to
           treason
           or
           present
           provocation
           .
           Except
           a
           strange
           levity
           ,
           a
           minde
           set
           on
           mischief
           ,
           the
           conscience
           of
           delinquency
           ,
           or
           desire
           of
           revenge
           ,
           vain
           glory
           ,
           or
           riches
           ,
           are
           the
           sole
           aimes
           of
           a
           Traytor
           ,
           and
           the
           hopes
           of
           either
           must
           appear
           large
           and
           certain
           ;
           but
           here
           an
           attempt
           is
           made
           on
           such
           a
           one
           who
           neither
           by
           feare
           was
           compeld
           to
           provide
           for
           himselfe
           ,
           nor
           enraged
           against
           his
           own
           party
           ,
           but
           acknowledged
           a
           present
           felicity
           in
           the
           work
           in
           hand
           :
           as
           though
           it
           were
           possible
           to
           perswade
           a
           man
           wittingly
           to
           contrive
           his
           own
           overthrow
           .
        
         
           The
           Letters
           were
           no
           sooner
           received
           ,
           but
           communicated
           to
           the
           Governour
           ,
           who
           advised
           to
           embrace
           the
           businesse
           ,
           and
           hold
           a
           correspondence
           with
           that
           party
           ,
           practizing
           that
           rule
           by
           themselves
           propounded
           ,
           for
           these
           reasons
           :
           First
           ,
           t
           was
           a
           delight
           and
           glory
           to
           take
           them
           in
           the
           snare
           which
           themselves
           had
           layd
           ;
           and
           the
           advantage
           was
           great
           .
           2.
           
           That
           this
           treason
           (
           already
           secured
           )
           might
           prevent
           other
           conspiracies
           against
           the
           City
           ,
           so
           long
           as
           they
           had
           faire
           hopes
           of
           prevailing
           by
           this
           ;
           lest
           the
           contrivance
           of
           a
           second
           should
           confound
           the
           disposition
           of
           the
           first
           .
           3.
           
           That
           the
           Countrey
           under
           the
           command
           of
           this
           Garrison
           ,
           which
           upon
           the
           petition
           of
           the
           malignant
           Gentry
           was
           devoted
           to
           destruction
           ,
           might
           be
           preserved
           and
           spared
           by
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           in
           hope
           to
           enjoy
           the
           benefit
           thereof
           themselves
           ;
           for
           the
           embracing
           of
           this
           plot
           did
           not
           draw
           on
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           but
           held
           his
           hand
           and
           suspended
           the
           execution
           of
           his
           fury
           .
           4.
           
           To
           spin
           out
           the
           plot
           ,
           and
           feed
           their
           expectation
           till
           the
           Countrey
           had
           vented
           in
           the
           markets
           their
           spare
           provisions
           of
           Corn
           and
           Cattle
           .
           5.
           
           That
           the
           Enemy
           possest
           and
           taken
           up
           with
           the
           gayning
           of
           the
           City
           ,
           might
           give
           the
           Parliaments
           Forces
           in
           other
           parts
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           a
           greater
           freedome
           to
           execute
           their
           designes
           .
           6.
           
           That
           a
           flattering
           promise
           might
           allay
           their
           fury
           till
           the
           winter
           were
           past
           or
           our
           reliefe
           come
           ,
           and
           we
           be
           able
           to
           feed
           them
           with
           harder
           meat
           ;
           and
           that
           themselves
           might
           taste
           the
           cursed
           fruits
           of
           Treason
           ,
           to
           a
           selfe-shame
           and
           confusion
           .
           The
           Design
           was
           communicated
           to
           Captain
           
             William
             Singleton
          
           Alderman
           ,
           and
           Captain
           Read.
           
        
         
         
           For
           these
           and
           the
           like
           reasons
           ,
           Backhouse
           undertook
           the
           businesse
           ,
           and
           returned
           an
           answer
           in
           a
           liberall
           garb
           ,
           protesting
           that
           he
           honoured
           his
           Majesty
           with
           his
           soule
           ,
           and
           was
           ready
           to
           perform
           all
           reall
           service
           .
           He
           seemmed
           withall
           to
           promote
           the
           plot
           by
           requiring
           sworn
           secrecy
           ,
           and
           agreeing
           upon
           a
           trusty
           messenger
           :
           and
           that
           he
           might
           seem
           more
           deeply
           to
           rellish
           the
           matter
           ,
           catcht
           hold
           on
           the
           promise
           of
           Reward
           ,
           and
           required
           some
           unquestionable
           assurance
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           not
           play
           an
           after
           :
           game
           poorely
           .
           Thus
           the
           fraud
           is
           returned
           upon
           them
           by
           one
           that
           strives
           to
           maintayn
           the
           repute
           of
           integrity
           ,
           conceiving
           it
           no
           transgression
           of
           Military
           Honour
           ,
           to
           deceive
           them
           into
           a
           snare
           by
           verball
           equivocation
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           by
           a
           doubtfull
           action
           ,
           the
           common
           way
           of
           the
           Stratagems
           of
           Warre
           .
           This
           confident
           Reply
           and
           the
           palpable
           discovery
           of
           a
           sudden
           change
           ,
           did
           not
           render
           him
           suspected
           ,
           but
           beyond
           all
           reason
           gave
           the
           complotters
           great
           contentment
           ,
           who
           did
           not
           enquire
           into
           the
           conviction
           and
           change
           of
           his
           thoughts
           by
           due
           degrees
           .
           Stanford
           desired
           him
           forthwith
           to
           expresse
           his
           conditions
           ,
           propose
           the
           way
           ,
           and
           descend
           unto
           the
           particulars
           of
           the
           service
           ,
           assented
           to
           constant
           intercourse
           ,
           and
           assured
           him
           that
           none
           but
           the
           Lord
           Digby
           should
           be
           privy
           to
           the
           Design
           .
           Captain
           Backhouse
           drew
           the
           modell
           of
           the
           plot
           in
           this
           following
           Letter
           to
           Mr
           Stanford
           .
        
         
           
             
               
                 SIR
                 ,
              
            
             
               
                 YOV
                 desire
                 my
                 conceit
                 in
                 proposall
                 of
                 particular
                 Propositions
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 my
                 Reward
                 :
                 To
                 both
                 which
                 I
                 shall
                 thus
                 propose
                 unto
                 you
                 to
                 present
                 to
                 more
                 mature
                 judgements
                 :
                 Whether
                 I
                 may
                 not
                 by
                 drawing
                 out
                 my
                 Troop
                 in
                 an
                 evening
                 (
                 as
                 I
                 can
                 doe
                 at
                 any
                 time
                 )
                 meet
                 with
                 your
                 forces
                 ,
                 and
                 bring
                 them
                 in
                 at
                 the
                 gate
                 on
                 the
                 sudden
                 in
                 a
                 moonshine
                 night
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 master
                 the
                 first
                 guard
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 easily
                 be
                 done
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 discerned
                 till
                 too
                 late
                 ;
                 my
                 Troop
                 being
                 above
                 three
                 score
                 ,
                 who
                 may
                 be
                 all
                 in
                 the
                 reare
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 your
                 mercy
                 ,
                 though
                 I
                 my selfe
                 shall
                 lead
                 in
                 the
                 force
                 ,
                 which
                 cannot
                 give
                 the
                 alarme
                 in
                 the
                 night
                 so
                 soon
                 as
                 to
                 prevent
                 the
                 designe
                 .
                 Whether
                 if
                 I
                 perswade
                 the
                 Governour
                 with
                 a
                 strong
                 party
                 of
                 Horse
                 and
                 Foot
                 upon
                 some
                 designe
                 to
                 lie
                 out
                 all
                 night
                 eight
                 or
                 ten
                 miles
                 distant
                 from
                 the
                 
                 Garrison
                 (
                 as
                 I
                 know
                 I
                 can
                 doe
                 )
                 and
                 I
                 my selfe
                 stay
                 at
                 home
                 ,
                 in
                 whose
                 absence
                 you
                 may
                 safely
                 advance
                 in
                 the
                 evening
                 to
                 the
                 Towns
                 side
                 ,
                 when
                 I
                 can
                 come
                 out
                 to
                 you
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 bring
                 you
                 in
                 under
                 colour
                 of
                 our
                 owne
                 forces
                 .
                 Whether
                 if
                 I
                 finde
                 out
                 a
                 place
                 stenderly
                 guarded
                 ,
                 and
                 somewhat
                 easie
                 to
                 come
                 in
                 at
                 ,
                 I
                 may
                 draw
                 off
                 the
                 sentinels
                 upon
                 some
                 pretence
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 can
                 do
                 ,
                 being
                 known
                 unto
                 them
                 all
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 direct
                 your
                 entrance
                 .
                 Whether
                 if
                 I
                 send
                 for
                 hay
                 ,
                 and
                 give
                 you
                 notice
                 of
                 the
                 very
                 time
                 of
                 its
                 comming
                 in
                 ,
                 which
                 must
                 be
                 in
                 the
                 night
                 ,
                 I
                 may
                 not
                 after
                 the
                 Carts
                 bring
                 in
                 some
                 men
                 as
                 Carters
                 ,
                 who
                 may
                 have
                 snaphance
                 muskets
                 in
                 the
                 Carts
                 and
                 some
                 Dragoons
                 to
                 fall
                 in
                 in
                 the
                 reare
                 of
                 the
                 Carts
                 ,
                 who
                 may
                 master
                 the
                 first
                 guard
                 and
                 possesse
                 the
                 Ordnance
                 there
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 let
                 in
                 both
                 Horse
                 and
                 Dragoons
                 who
                 with
                 such
                 Ordnance
                 may
                 march
                 through
                 all
                 the
                 streets
                 in
                 the
                 Town
                 .
                 These
                 severall
                 wayes
                 I
                 propose
                 for
                 the
                 present
                 ,
                 but
                 I
                 conceive
                 that
                 those
                 who
                 have
                 been
                 versed
                 in
                 the
                 taking
                 of
                 Towns
                 may
                 make
                 more
                 choice
                 of
                 Propositions
                 ,
                 any
                 of
                 which
                 if
                 I
                 apprehend
                 it
                 feazible
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 gladly
                 undertake
                 ,
                 or
                 render
                 a
                 reason
                 of
                 my
                 dislike
                 .
                 As
                 for
                 my
                 reward
                 I
                 am
                 right
                 sensible
                 of
                 how
                 great
                 concernment
                 the
                 businesse
                 is
                 to
                 your
                 side
                 ,
                 and
                 although
                 it
                 be
                 utterly
                 against
                 my
                 spirit
                 to
                 indent
                 before
                 hand
                 ,
                 especially
                 with
                 such
                 gallant
                 and
                 noble
                 personages
                 ;
                 But
                 the
                 straits
                 I
                 have
                 beene
                 put
                 into
                 for
                 lack
                 of
                 money
                 ,
                 (
                 having
                 received
                 no
                 pay
                 for
                 my selfe
                 from
                 those
                 whom
                 I
                 serve
                 )
                 and
                 my
                 estate
                 and
                 charge
                 bids
                 me
                 look
                 to
                 that
                 .
                 I
                 shall
                 expect
                 two
                 thousand
                 pound
                 to
                 bee
                 secured
                 ,
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 hundred
                 whereof
                 I
                 shall
                 desire
                 you
                 as
                 my
                 friend
                 to
                 procure
                 in
                 hand
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 may
                 bee
                 enabled
                 to
                 beare
                 up
                 my
                 port
                 and
                 credit
                 ,
                 especially
                 among
                 the
                 common
                 souldiers
                 and
                 Vnder-Officers
                 of
                 the
                 Garrison
                 ,
                 to
                 whom
                 I
                 must
                 be
                 open
                 handed
                 ,
                 and
                 engage
                 affection
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 ready
                 at
                 my
                 call
                 .
                 Secondly
                 ,
                 to
                 engage
                 mine
                 owne
                 Troop
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 binde
                 such
                 unto
                 me
                 with
                 a
                 silver
                 cord
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 shall
                 finde
                 fittest
                 for
                 my
                 purpose
                 ;
                 and
                 withall
                 plentifully
                 to
                 reward
                 the
                 entercoursers
                 between
                 you
                 and
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 execute
                 our
                 commands
                 with
                 all
                 celerity
                 and
                 trust
                 .
                 This
                 I
                 leave
                 to
                 your
                 consideration
                 and
                 mannage
                 ,
                 and
                 hope
                 that
                 ere
                 long
                 we
                 shall
                 meet
                 to
                 discourse
                 it
                 ,
                 when
                 all
                 the
                 world
                 shall
                 not
                 know
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 R.
                 B.
                 
              
            
          
        
         
         
           These
           Propositions
           are
           sent
           to
           Oxford
           ,
           entertained
           by
           the
           Kings
           Cabinet-councell
           ,
           the
           Lord
           Digby
           becomes
           the
           great
           undertaker
           ,
           and
           ratifies
           the
           proposall
           of
           Captaine
           Backhouse
           in
           the
           following
           Letter
           :
        
         
           
             
               
                 SIR
                 ,
                 You
                 having
                 so
                 farre
                 declared
                 your
                 desires
                 to
                 serve
                 His
                 Majesty
                 unto
                 my
                 very
                 good
                 friend
                 Master
              
               Stanford
               ,
               
                 I
                 thinke
                 it
                 fit
                 you
                 should
                 now
                 receive
                 some
                 more
                 authentick
                 assurance
                 of
                 His
                 Majesties
                 gracious
                 acceptance
                 thereof
                 ,
                 then
                 perhaps
                 you
                 will
                 thinke
                 his
                 bare
                 assurance
                 to
                 be
                 .
                 Therefore
                 I
                 doe
                 here
                 solemnely
                 engage
                 my
                 word
                 unto
                 you
                 both
                 as
                 a
                 minister
                 of
                 State
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Gentleman
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 you
                 shall
                 performe
                 faithfully
                 what
                 you
                 promise
                 there
                 ,
                 you
                 shall
                 punctually
                 receive
                 immediately
                 after
                 ,
                 such
                 a
                 pardon
                 as
                 your selfe
                 shall
                 desire
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 summe
                 of
                 two
                 thousand
                 pounds
                 .
                 As
                 for
                 the
                 three
                 hundred
                 you
                 desire
                 in
                 present
                 ,
                 such
                 a
                 confidence
                 I
                 will
                 have
                 in
                 your
                 word
                 ,
                 that
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 ever
                 I
                 shall
                 have
                 received
                 your
                 answer
                 to
                 this
                 under
                 your
                 hand
                 ,
                 it
                 shall
                 be
                 forthwith
                 paid
                 into
                 whatsoever
                 place
                 you
                 shall
                 appoint
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 what
                 person
                 .
                 As
                 for
                 the
                 particular
                 waies
                 of
                 effecting
                 our
                 designe
                 ,
                 those
                 you
                 propose
                 are
                 very
                 rationall
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 choice
                 ,
                 and
                 disposition
                 thereof
                 must
                 be
                 between
                 you
                 ,
                 and
                 those
                 that
                 are
                 to
                 execute
                 it
                 ,
                 with
                 whom
                 if
                 it
                 were
                 possible
                 you
                 should
                 procure
                 a
                 meeting
                 at
                 some
                 unsuspected
                 place
                 .
                 I
                 doe
                 propose
                 unto
                 you
                 the
                 choyce
                 of
                 severall
                 men
                 ,
                 and
                 whom
                 of
                 them
                 you
                 shall
                 like
                 best
                 ,
                 and
                 thinke
                 fittest
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 where
                 his
                 command
                 is
                 ,
                 to
                 him
                 alone
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 no
                 other
                 the
                 businesse
                 shall
                 be
                 imparted
                 ,
                 whether
                 Sir
              
               William
               Vavasour
               
                 commander
                 in
                 chiefe
                 of
                 the
                 forces
                 now
                 in
                 Gloucestershire
                 ,
                 or
                 Colonell
              
               Myn
               ,
               
                 Commander
                 of
                 a
                 brigade
                 of
                 the
                 English
                 that
                 come
                 out
                 of
                 Ireland
                 ,
                 or
                 Colonell
              
               Washington
               
                 who
                 is
                 at
                 Evesham
                 ;
                 or
                 lastly
                 ,
                 whether
                 the
                 Governour
                 of
                 Berkley-castle
                 .
                 As
                 soon
                 as
                 you
                 shall
                 send
                 me
                 an
                 answer
                 you
                 
                 shall
                 receive
                 satisfaction
                 ,
                 from
                 him
                 who
                 hopes
                 you
                 will
                 so
                 behave
                 your selfe
                 as
                 to
                 make
                 me
                 ,
              
            
             
               
                 Your
                 assured
                 friend
                 ,
                 G.
                 D.
                 
              
            
          
        
         
           Here
           this
           degenerate
           Lord
           sels
           his
           honour
           and
           betrayes
           the
           esteeme
           of
           gallantry
           ,
           by
           promoving
           and
           engaging
           himselfe
           to
           reward
           the
           vilest
           treason
           ,
           and
           to
           insinnate
           himselfe
           into
           the
           close
           workings
           thereof
           ,
           when
           many
           brave
           spirits
           out
           of
           their
           abundant
           justice
           have
           disdained
           the
           proffer
           of
           so
           base
           a
           service
           .
           And
           herein
           did
           hee
           derogate
           from
           the
           repute
           of
           an
           able
           Statesman
           in
           relying
           upon
           the
           doubtfull
           expressions
           of
           an
           unknowne
           person
           ,
           and
           whose
           condition
           could
           not
           invite
           any
           of
           the
           least
           ground
           of
           beliefe
           .
        
         
           Hereupon
           a
           correspondency
           was
           held
           with
           the
           Lord
           Digby
           ;
           unto
           whom
           Backhouse
           made
           his
           reply
           ,
           that
           his
           Lordships
           directions
           suted
           with
           his
           owne
           former
           proposals
           made
           unto
           Master
           Stanford
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           that
           the
           Commander
           of
           the
           forces
           to
           be
           imployed
           herein
           must
           be
           conscious
           of
           the
           designe
           ;
           and
           as
           touching
           the
           choice
           of
           a
           chiefe
           actor
           on
           their
           part
           ,
           he
           conceived
           Sir
           
             William
             Vavasour
          
           the
           fittest
           man
           ,
           because
           he
           was
           neerest
           the
           businesse
           ,
           his
           men
           lying
           at
           Ledbury
           ,
           when
           the
           rest
           were
           more
           remote
           and
           of
           inconsiderable
           strength
           :
           as
           also
           because
           he
           had
           the
           best
           advantage
           to
           make
           his
           approach
           undiscovered
           ,
           there
           being
           no
           suburbs
           nor
           house
           neere
           the
           City
           from
           his
           quarters
           ,
           nor
           any
           out-guard
           to
           give
           the
           alarm
           .
           And
           for
           himselfe
           ,
           upon
           a
           few
           daies
           notice
           he
           would
           comply
           with
           their
           expectation
           ,
           as
           the
           actors
           should
           agree
           upon
           all
           circumstances
           .
        
         
           Upon
           this
           they
           returned
           large
           expressions
           of
           reward
           ,
           and
           honour
           ,
           but
           the
           present
           payment
           of
           the
           three
           hundred
           pound
           was
           waved
           by
           Stanford
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           possible
           ,
           upon
           pretence
           of
           the
           danger
           of
           mis-fezance
           in
           the
           maine
           plot
           .
           Backhouse
           would
           not
           admit
           the
           excuse
           ,
           importuned
           the
           payment
           ,
           as
           well
           to
           have
           something
           in
           hand
           ,
           as
           to
           let
           them
           know
           the
           great
           wheele
           that
           turned
           him
           about
           ,
           that
           the
           palpable
           shew
           of
           corruption
           might
           make
           them
           more
           confident
           .
           Neither
           could
           they
           well
           keepe
           backe
           the
           earnest
           of
           this
           guerdon
           ,
           lest
           they
           should
           render
           themselves
           capable
           of
           
           his
           dislike
           jealousie
           ,
           or
           seem
           to
           suspect
           his
           trust
           ,
           whose
           adventure
           (
           if
           reall
           )
           in
           every
           line
           was
           sufficient
           to
           ruine
           him
           ,
           and
           he
           left
           to
           bewaile
           his
           owne
           mis-fortune
           :
           wherefore
           it
           was
           resolved
           that
           this
           Stanford
           and
           Captaine
           Backhouse
           should
           debate
           upon
           the
           businesse
           by
           word
           of
           mouth
           ;
           they
           met
           accordingly
           in
           Cosl●wne
           at
           an
           houre
           appointed
           ,
           without
           armes
           or
           attend●nts
           ,
           where
           Backhouse
           received
           two
           hundred
           pounds
           in
           hand
           ,
           with
           a
           promise
           from
           Stanford
           to
           discharge
           a
           Bond
           of
           fifty
           pounds
           ,
           and
           was
           not
           once
           urged
           in
           the
           whole
           conference
           to
           an
           asseveration
           of
           fidelity
           by
           protestation
           or
           oath
           .
           He
           received
           likewise
           the
           contrivance
           of
           the
           plot
           laid
           by
           Master
           Stanford
           ,
           Sir
           
             William
             Vavasour
          
           ,
           and
           others
           that
           were
           lately
           come
           to
           Tewkesbury
           ,
           which
           ranne
           thus
           :
           That
           Colonell
           Massie
           should
           be
           drawne
           out
           of
           the
           Garrison
           with
           a
           strong
           party
           towards
           Berkley-castle
           ,
           having
           assurance
           that
           the
           Castle
           should
           be
           rendered
           ,
           which
           was
           really
           intended
           by
           them
           ,
           that
           the
           gaining
           of
           Gloucester
           might
           be
           the
           more
           facile
           .
           In
           the
           absence
           of
           the
           Governour
           Captaine
           Backhouse
           was
           to
           open
           the
           gate
           ,
           and
           deliver
           the
           word
           .
           Thus
           was
           the
           plot
           proposed
           and
           approved
           by
           Backhouse
           ,
           but
           with
           additionall
           advise
           ,
           that
           their
           forces
           might
           with
           all
           speed
           relinquish
           Tewkesbury
           ,
           because
           he
           should
           never
           perswade
           the
           Governour
           to
           draw
           forth
           such
           a
           party
           ,
           whilst
           they
           lay
           so
           strong
           upon
           us
           .
           This
           also
           was
           assented
           unto
           by
           the
           complotters
           ,
           being
           secure
           of
           their
           agent
           ,
           and
           blinded
           with
           extreame
           desire
           and
           confidence
           .
           And
           had
           not
           the
           proposall
           of
           the
           enemy
           been
           by
           themselves
           deserted
           ,
           we
           had
           possest
           Barkley-castle
           ,
           and
           placed
           a
           garrison
           in
           Tewkesbury
           .
           Yet
           so
           farre
           did
           they
           prosecute
           the
           businesse
           ,
           that
           Sir
           
             William
             Vavasour
          
           sent
           to
           require
           the
           Governour
           of
           Berkley
           to
           draw
           out
           his
           whole
           garrison
           (
           which
           was
           refused
           ,
           without
           the
           Kings
           ,
           or
           Prince
           Ruperts
           speciall
           command
           )
           himselfe
           also
           commanded
           a
           great
           part
           of
           his
           foot
           to
           Parshow
           ,
           professed
           his
           endeavours
           to
           march
           with
           the
           residne
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           horse
           ;
           but
           that
           His
           Majesties
           Commissioners
           were
           so
           averse
           as
           by
           no
           meanes
           to
           consent
           or
           permit
           ,
           unlesse
           they
           might
           know
           and
           approve
           the
           designe
           ,
           whom
           he
           professed
           to
           leave
           unsatisfied
           ,
           lest
           he
           might
           doe
           Backhouse
           a
           disservice
           ,
           and
           prevent
           or
           disturbe
           the
           motion
           ▪
           Notwithstanding
           Backhouse
           knew
           well
           enough
           that
           the
           〈◊〉
           of
           〈◊〉
           Tewkesbury
           ,
           and
           the
           whole
           Court
           at
           
           Oxford
           are
           full
           of
           this
           complement
           ;
           and
           so
           close
           was
           the
           businesse
           carried
           that
           the
           London
           Mercury
           had
           blazoned
           him
           for
           a
           Traytor
           .
           Wherefore
           upon
           this
           pretence
           they
           runne
           backe
           to
           one
           of
           the
           former
           Propositions
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           draw
           forth
           his
           owne
           Troope
           ,
           with
           one
           more
           ,
           which
           should
           be
           put
           in
           the
           reare
           of
           their
           horse
           ,
           and
           himselfe
           lead
           the
           forlorne
           hope
           into
           the
           Towne
           .
           But
           he
           exquisitely
           declined
           this
           way
           pretending
           himselfe
           not
           a
           little
           dashed
           at
           the
           disturbance
           of
           the
           first
           intention
           ,
           which
           in
           his
           owne
           thoughts
           ranne
           so
           feazeble
           ,
           and
           alledged
           the
           Governours
           watchfulnesse
           in
           observing
           the
           garrison
           of
           Tewkesbury
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           given
           private
           commands
           to
           the
           Officers
           both
           of
           horse
           and
           foot
           to
           be
           instantly
           ready
           upon
           the
           first
           advance
           of
           their
           forces
           ,
           and
           kept
           abroad
           night
           and
           day
           good
           parties
           of
           horse
           to
           bring
           intelligence
           .
           So
           that
           he
           could
           not
           joyne
           with
           them
           ,
           without
           suspition
           or
           discovery
           :
           and
           as
           he
           should
           be
           glad
           to
           confirme
           their
           opinion
           of
           his
           reall
           performance
           ,
           for
           whom
           he
           did
           thus
           hazzard
           his
           life
           and
           fortune
           ,
           so
           should
           he
           be
           infinitely
           unwilling
           to
           put
           them
           upon
           any
           enterprize
           which
           to
           themselves
           might
           prove
           prejudiciall
           :
           he
           minded
           them
           withall
           that
           the
           true
           frame
           of
           the
           plot
           was
           the
           life
           of
           the
           action
           .
           That
           one
           misfeizance
           in
           a
           businesse
           of
           this
           nature
           was
           never
           to
           be
           repaired
           ,
           but
           crossed
           the
           perfection
           of
           such
           an
           enterprize
           ,
           wherein
           he
           protested
           himselfe
           happy
           if
           he
           might
           sacrifice
           himselfe
           to
           accomplish
           the
           same
           
             according
             to
             his
             desires
          
           .
           In
           the
           close
           hee
           gave
           his
           opinion
           ,
           that
           the
           Governours
           absence
           was
           the
           chiefe
           requisite
           to
           prepare
           the
           businesse
           ,
           that
           his
           presence
           was
           not
           consistent
           with
           the
           safety
           of
           their
           side
           ,
           especially
           if
           the
           alarm
           be
           taken
           at
           the
           first
           entrance
           .
           Wherefore
           he
           was
           once
           more
           confident
           to
           urge
           the
           relinquishing
           of
           Tewkesbury
           ,
           and
           upon
           the
           removall
           promised
           to
           possesse
           the
           Governour
           with
           a
           private
           intelligence
           of
           the
           surrender
           of
           Berkley
           ,
           and
           perswade
           him
           to
           imbrace
           the
           supposed
           opportunity
           ,
           whilst
           himselfe
           should
           remaine
           at
           home
           with
           the
           command
           of
           the
           horse
           left
           for
           scouts
           ,
           and
           act
           the
           businesse
           with
           more
           ease
           and
           safety
           .
        
         
           This
           motion
           effected
           its
           intended
           purpose
           to
           bring
           them
           on
           at
           the
           West
           Port
           ,
           to
           our
           best
           advantage
           against
           them
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             William
             Vavasour
          
           seemed
           to
           incline
           ,
           but
           craved
           a
           little
           patience
           till
           the
           
           contribution
           were
           brought
           in
           to
           satisfie
           the
           Souldiers
           .
           Master
           Stanford
           required
           a
           particular
           information
           of
           the
           state
           of
           the
           garrison
           ,
           and
           received
           an
           account
           of
           the
           severall
           Ports
           ,
           Forts
           ,
           great
           Guns
           ,
           Draw-bridges
           ,
           Provisions
           and
           Ammunition
           .
           This
           was
           taken
           for
           a
           pregnant
           testimony
           of
           Backhouse
           his
           fidelity
           ,
           and
           made
           them
           the
           more
           bold
           to
           come
           on
           ,
           who
           were
           gulled
           with
           such
           a
           slender
           notice
           of
           triviall
           things
           ,
           that
           the
           meanest
           boy
           which
           passed
           through
           the
           streetes
           might
           give
           as
           great
           satisfaction
           :
           but
           whatsoever
           was
           of
           concernment
           he
           represented
           to
           the
           best
           advantage
           of
           the
           garrison
           .
        
         
           After
           much
           variety
           of
           entercourse
           ,
           Sir
           
             William
             Vavasour
          
           urged
           the
           execution
           ,
           in
           regard
           the
           Parliaments
           Army
           grew
           so
           strong
           ,
           that
           what
           they
           attempted
           was
           to
           be
           done
           out
           of
           hand
           .
           The
           plot
           was
           thus
           disposed
           by
           Captaine
           Backhouse
           ,
           as
           well
           to
           secure
           his
           owne
           person
           within
           the
           gates
           ,
           as
           to
           render
           the
           designe
           more
           probable
           .
           That
           whereas
           being
           Commander
           of
           the
           horse
           he
           could
           require
           the
           Keyes
           of
           the
           City
           for
           the
           sending
           forth
           of
           scouts
           ,
           he
           proposed
           this
           way
           to
           their
           liking
           ;
           that
           the
           very
           night
           of
           their
           approach
           he
           might
           provide
           Scouts
           out
           of
           his
           owne
           Troope
           who
           should
           not
           be
           ready
           till
           the
           businesse
           were
           acted
           .
           Meane
           while
           himselfe
           would
           take
           the
           Keyes
           ,
           repaire
           to
           the
           West
           gate
           ,
           and
           pretend
           to
           stay
           for
           their
           comming
           ,
           and
           set
           the
           guard
           which
           is
           usually
           slender
           to
           drinke
           in
           an
           Ale-house
           :
           In
           which
           time
           they
           might
           advance
           ,
           finde
           no
           living
           soule
           but
           himselfe
           at
           the
           gate
           ,
           or
           a
           few
           drunken
           men
           ,
           and
           pretend
           withall
           to
           be
           our
           owne
           men
           from
           Churcham
           ,
           where
           we
           had
           a
           guard
           of
           horse
           and
           foot
           ,
           which
           if
           they
           did
           not
           disturbe
           would
           continue
           there
           awhile
           ,
           and
           further
           the
           performance
           .
        
         
           Thus
           the
           safety
           of
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           our
           small
           garrisons
           was
           still
           interwoven
           in
           each
           part
           of
           the
           plot
           :
           and
           they
           deceived
           with
           so
           great
           a
           semblance
           of
           reason
           ,
           that
           they
           could
           not
           suspect
           ,
           though
           in
           every
           motion
           hee
           constantly
           waved
           selfe-ingagement
           ,
           and
           personall
           danger
           .
           The
           maine
           care
           of
           the
           businesse
           is
           to
           draw
           them
           on
           to
           a
           selfe-destruction
           :
           and
           the
           last
           modell
           complies
           with
           their
           fancy
           in
           each
           particle
           ,
           and
           to
           their
           second
           thoughts
           likewise
           appeares
           still
           more
           rationall
           .
           On
           the
           fifteenth
           of
           February
           the
           〈◊〉
           time
           is
           come
           ,
           nine
           of
           the
           clocke
           at
           night
           is
           the
           houre
           appointed
           ,
           
           the
           guards
           are
           to
           be
           drawn
           off
           from
           the
           further
           Bridge
           ,
           and
           the
           Sentinells
           to
           be
           taken
           in
           .
           Prince
           Rupert
           is
           to
           advance
           with
           fifteen
           hundred
           horse
           and
           foot
           ,
           and
           it
           would
           be
           very
           satisfactory
           if
           Captaine
           Brickhouse
           met
           them
           with
           his
           own
           Troop
           pretending
           to
           beat
           up
           a
           horse
           quarters
           ,
           but
           this
           they
           urge
           not
           it
           it
           be
           found
           inconvenient
           .
           In
           the
           evening
           a
           Messenger
           is
           dispatched
           ,
           from
           Gloucester
           to
           the
           Enemies
           quarters
           ,
           with
           the
           watch
           word
           for
           their
           assurance
           and
           some
           private
           directions
           for
           their
           march
           up
           the
           Town
           ;
           while
           himselfe
           waited
           at
           the
           Gate
           ,
           which
           he
           undertook
           to
           set
           open
           ,
           if
           they
           came
           by
           nine
           of
           the
           clock
           ,
           or
           within
           half
           an
           houre-after
           .
        
         
           After
           the
           messengers
           dispatch
           ,
           the
           ports
           were
           shut
           up
           round
           the
           City
           ,
           carefull
           Sentinells
           set
           ,
           The
           Governour
           called
           a
           councell
           of
           War
           ,
           acquainted
           the
           Officers
           with
           the
           Plot
           ,
           gave
           order
           that
           aswell
           Citizens
           as
           Souldiers
           should
           continue
           that
           night
           in
           Armes
           :
           drew
           to
           the
           Westgate
           three
           peeces
           of
           Ordnance
           ,
           and
           a
           strong
           guard
           of
           Musketiers
           well
           provided
           with
           Granadoes
           ,
           and
           commanded
           foure
           stout
           men
           in
           a
           boate
           under
           Ouers
           Bridge
           halfe
           a
           mile
           distant
           from
           the
           gate
           to
           lie
           under
           the
           maine
           .
           Arch
           ,
           with
           direction
           that
           upon
           the
           firing
           of
           the
           first
           Ordnance
           they
           should
           out
           a
           cable
           rope
           ,
           which
           being
           done
           the
           Bridge
           would
           fall
           into
           the
           River
           .
           By
           which
           meanes
           they
           had
           all
           been
           killed
           ,
           drowned
           or
           taken
           being
           cooped
           up
           in
           an
           Island
           open
           to
           our
           shot
           without
           possible
           meanes
           of
           escape
           .
           In
           this
           preparation
           and
           posture
           we
           continued
           all
           night
           ,
           watching
           the
           time
           to
           have
           delivered
           our selves
           from
           the
           future
           mischiefe
           of
           such
           bloud
           thirsty
           Enemies
           ,
           They
           advanced
           with
           their
           whole
           body
           of
           horse
           and
           foot
           ,
           but
           before
           they
           came
           within
           a
           mile
           and
           a
           halfe
           of
           the
           City
           it
           was
           open
           day
           ,
           when
           having
           lost
           the
           time
           by
           the
           slownesse
           of
           their
           manch
           ,
           they
           durst
           not
           come
           on
           but
           instantly
           retreated
           to
           Newent
           ,
           from
           thence
           Captaine
           Backhouse
           was
           informed
           by
           letters
           of
           the
           reason
           of
           their
           faylings
           ,
           which
           induced
           us
           to
           believe
           that
           the
           Enemy
           did
           not
           yet
           know
           that
           their
           designe
           was
           destroyed
           .
           Wherefore
           we
           indeavoured
           secrecy
           ,
           and
           the
           next
           day
           suffered
           no
           man
           to
           passe
           the
           ports
           ,
           desired
           to
           salve
           the
           matter
           and
           bring
           them
           on
           once
           more
           ,
           but
           the
           whole
           frame
           quickly
           fell
           asunder
           ,
           though
           the
           languishing
           enemy
           gave
           some
           cold
           entertainment
           to
           a
           few
           patching
           
           letters
           ,
           because
           they
           were
           ashamed
           to
           acknowledge
           such
           a
           strong
           delusion
           .
        
         
           As
           they
           had
           all
           justly
           perished
           in
           their
           own
           hellish
           mischiefe
           ,
           so
           are
           they
           deservedly
           branded
           with
           notorious
           folly
           in
           the
           whole
           mannage
           :
           and
           the
           chiefe
           undertakers
           might
           have
           learned
           not
           to
           indulge
           their
           hopes
           of
           faire
           conclusion
           by
           their
           own
           subtilty
           cogitations
           ,
           and
           the
           shew
           of
           a
           neate
           contrivance
           ,
           when
           nothing
           beneath
           a
           like
           mutuall
           engagement
           ,
           and
           strong
           necessity
           doth
           deserve
           assurance
           and
           confidence
           .
           Neverthelesse
           the
           pregnant
           hopes
           of
           this
           maginary
           treason
           ,
           as
           it
           brought
           forth
           a
           lie
           to
           the
           contrivers
           thereof
           ,
           so
           it
           wrought
           much
           good
           for
           this
           garrison
           ,
           and
           the
           common
           service
           of
           the
           State.
           The
           imbracing
           of
           the
           motion
           held
           up
           the
           desires
           of
           the
           enemy
           ,
           and
           made
           them
           lesse
           active
           elsewhere
           .
           It
           preserved
           the
           Country
           till
           our
           succours
           came
           which
           were
           every
           day
           expected
           .
           Neither
           was
           this
           plot
           the
           cause
           that
           the
           power
           of
           the
           enemy
           did
           beare
           hard
           on
           the
           Countrey
           (
           for
           here
           was
           the
           confluence
           of
           their
           Winter
           quarters
           )
           but
           since
           we
           must
           beare
           their
           burden
           ,
           it
           made
           it
           the
           lesse
           grievious
           .
           'T
           was
           impossible
           to
           keep
           out
           an
           Enemy
           ,
           but
           all
           the
           skill
           was
           to
           allay
           his
           fury
           and
           hinder
           the
           acting
           of
           mischiefe
           :
           which
           was
           carried
           on
           with
           violence
           by
           the
           Malignant
           Gentry
           ,
           and
           that
           party
           that
           were
           not
           privy
           to
           or
           disliked
           the
           Plot
           ;
           inso
           much
           that
           Sir
           
             William
             Vavasour
          
           was
           complained
           of
           ,
           reviled
           and
           cursed
           :
           and
           at
           once
           lost
           the
           opportunity
           of
           action
           and
           advancement
           in
           the
           Kings
           Service
           .
        
         
           The
           Enemy
           swarmes
           in
           every
           corner
           ,
           except
           the
           County
           of
           the
           City
           and
           Whitstone
           hundred
           ,
           that
           each
           day
           creates
           new
           troubles
           ,
           and
           the
           Governour
           constrained
           on
           one
           side
           ,
           or
           other
           continually
           to
           draw
           out
           strong
           parties
           ,
           to
           defend
           our selves
           ,
           maintaine
           our
           Markets
           and
           incourage
           that
           part
           of
           the
           Country
           which
           is
           yet
           clear
           :
           All
           advantages
           were
           taken
           to
           ingage
           the
           people
           and
           herein
           did
           the
           Governors
           industry
           put
           forth
           it selfe
           in
           setling
           the
           Country
           in
           a
           posture
           of
           defence
           ,
           when
           the
           command
           of
           the
           City
           did
           not
           reach
           above
           three
           miles
           some
           wayes
           ,
           and
           not
           above
           seaven
           miles
           on
           the
           best
           side
           .
           At
           severall
           Randezvouzes
           published
           the
           nationall
           Covenant
           and
           Declaration
           of
           both
           Kingdomes
           expressing
           their
           mutuall
           care
           of
           repayring
           our
           breaches
           
           
           
           
           
           and
           perseverance
           in
           their
           maine
           undertaking
           ,
           which
           gave
           great
           satisfaction
           to
           such
           as
           were
           damnityed
           in
           this
           cause
           ,
           and
           confirmed
           unto
           them
           the
           vigor
           and
           strength
           of
           the
           Parliament
           .
           By
           which
           meanes
           the
           nearer
           parts
           became
           wholly
           ours
           ,
           not
           only
           yeilding
           a
           supply
           of
           maintenance
           ,
           but
           engaging
           themselves
           on
           their
           own
           and
           our
           defence
           .
           And
           some
           of
           them
           that
           did
           not
           seem
           to
           confide
           in
           the
           State
           were
           drawne
           in
           being
           first
           enraged
           by
           the
           Enemeis
           cruelty
           ,
           which
           discontent
           and
           desire
           of
           revenge
           the
           Governour
           cherished
           ,
           and
           raised
           to
           an
           open
           Declaration
           ,
           and
           unawares
           of
           the
           multitude
           put
           them
           beyond
           the
           hopes
           of
           a
           faire
           retreate
           .
           So
           that
           these
           men
           observed
           the
           Enemy
           upon
           every
           motion
           sent
           alarms
           to
           the
           City
           ,
           and
           in
           a
           great
           part
           took
           off
           the
           feare
           of
           a
           sudden
           surprizall
           .
        
         
           Amidst
           these
           things
           the
           expectation
           of
           the
           London
           supply
           ,
           and
           the
           dayly
           hopes
           of
           money
           strongly
           upheld
           the
           common
           Souldiers
           by
           a
           meere
           delusion
           :
           its
           delay
           became
           a
           greater
           advantage
           ,
           since
           its
           reall
           strength
           had
           before
           bin
           crumbled
           to
           dust
           .
           No
           part
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           was
           capable
           of
           better
           service
           by
           a
           considerable
           number
           ,
           yet
           a
           meane
           and
           slender
           reliefe
           did
           not
           onely
           not
           shake
           off
           the
           burthen
           ,
           but
           disgrace
           the
           businesse
           and
           contract
           ,
           and
           sinke
           the
           mindes
           of
           men
           when
           hope
           doth
           enlarge
           and
           beare
           up
           .
        
         
           The
           Governour
           therefore
           advised
           the
           stay
           of
           the
           Convoy
           ,
           and
           was
           willing
           to
           expect
           such
           a
           party
           as
           might
           inable
           him
           to
           beare
           off
           the
           Enemy
           fifteen
           miles
           round
           about
           .
           Want
           of
           Ammunition
           was
           the
           greatest
           exigence
           ,
           and
           the
           preserving
           thereof
           ;
           till
           a
           supply
           came
           was
           the
           maine
           hinderance
           of
           all
           designes
           ?
           Neverthelesse
           we
           had
           perpetuall
           Bickerings
           ,
           that
           the
           Enemy
           might
           not
           grow
           upon
           us
           and
           our
           dayly
           nimble
           performances
           were
           unto
           them
           as
           a
           continuall
           dropping
           .
           Amongst
           others
           a
           party
           of
           horse
           and
           Dragooners
           issued
           forth
           as
           far
           as
           Marshfield
           ,
           fell
           upon
           a
           Troope
           of
           horse
           quarters
           there
           and
           brought
           thence
           a
           Lieutenant
           ,
           Cornet
           ,
           and
           Quartermaster
           ,
           with
           a
           few
           common
           prisoners
           ,
           and
           such
           horse
           and
           Armes
           as
           the
           Troop
           did
           yeild
           .
           Whilst
           Colonell
           Ueales
           foot
           ,
           and
           the
           Lord
           Incheequeenes
           horse
           lay
           in
           and
           about
           Berkely
           ,
           and
           sorely
           oppressed
           the
           Country
           ,
           we
           fell
           into
           a
           horse
           quarter
           of
           
             Incheequeenes
             ▪
          
           Regiment
           ,
           and
           took
           a
           Major
           and
           two
           Captaines
           ,
           
           three
           Lieutenants
           ,
           two
           Cornets
           with
           two
           Colours
           and
           other
           inferior
           Officers
           and
           Souldiers
           ,
           to
           the
           number
           of
           three
           and
           twenty
           ,
           all
           this
           while
           the
           strength
           of
           the
           Kings
           army
           is
           lodged
           between
           us
           and
           Warwick
           ,
           to
           intercept
           our
           relief
           and
           in
           thought
           have
           already
           divided
           the
           spoyle
           .
        
         
           Sir
           
             William
             Vavasour
          
           willing
           to
           act
           something
           in
           the
           latter
           end
           of
           the
           day
           ,
           to
           repaire
           his
           credit
           in
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           desired
           a
           greater
           strength
           with
           a
           sufficient
           Artillery
           to
           distresse
           and
           straiten
           Gloucester
           ,
           and
           having
           obtained
           two
           Culverins
           from
           Oxford
           ,
           with
           a
           proportion
           of
           powder
           ,
           he
           advanced
           with
           a
           strong
           Brigade
           towards
           Painswick
           with
           unusuall
           preparations
           and
           expectation
           .
           Their
           march
           afflicted
           the
           Country
           ,
           and
           indangered
           our
           out-garrisons
           .
           The
           enemy
           were
           confident
           to
           the
           last
           that
           extremity
           would
           compell
           us
           to
           yeild
           up
           all
           to
           their
           mercy
           .
           Sir
           
             William
             Vavasour
          
           entred
           Painswicke
           with
           as
           gallant
           horse
           and
           foot
           as
           the
           Kings
           Army
           did
           yeild
           .
           Here
           the
           Governour
           had
           placed
           a
           guard
           in
           a
           house
           neer
           the
           Church
           ,
           into
           which
           the
           Church
           also
           was
           taken
           in
           by
           a
           Breast
           work
           of
           Earth
           .
           The
           intention
           of
           the
           guard
           was
           to
           command
           contribution
           ,
           and
           keepe
           off
           a
           plundering
           party
           :
           and
           order
           was
           given
           to
           the
           Lieutenant
           which
           commanded
           to
           maintaine
           it
           against
           a
           lesser
           party
           ,
           but
           if
           the
           maine
           body
           and
           Artillery
           advanced
           upon
           them
           ,
           to
           relinquish
           it
           and
           retreate
           down
           the
           Hill
           to
           Bruckthrop
           (
           where
           the
           Governour
           had
           set
           a
           guard
           to
           prevent
           the
           Enemies
           falling
           down
           into
           the
           bottome
           )
           for
           which
           purpose
           they
           were
           assisted
           with
           a
           Troop
           of
           horse
           ,
           to
           make
           good
           such
           a
           Retreate
           if
           need
           were
           .
           But
           the
           Lieutenant
           more
           confident
           of
           the
           place
           ,
           and
           not
           understanding
           the
           strength
           of
           the
           Army
           ,
           and
           not
           willing
           to
           draw
           off
           before
           the
           last
           minute
           ,
           was
           inforced
           by
           the
           Enemy
           to
           engage
           himselfe
           ,
           and
           many
           willing
           people
           of
           the
           Neighbourhood
           in
           that
           weak
           hold
           ,
           and
           upon
           the
           first
           onset
           deserted
           the
           house
           being
           the
           stronger
           part
           ,
           and
           betook
           himselfe
           to
           the
           Church
           ,
           which
           wanting
           flankers
           the
           Enemy
           had
           quickly
           gained
           by
           firing
           the
           doores
           and
           casting
           in
           hand-Granadoes
           ,
           some
           few
           were
           slaine
           in
           defending
           the
           place
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           taken
           prisoners
           .
           We
           lost
           three
           inferior
           Officers
           ,
           seaven
           and
           thirty
           common
           Souldiers
           ,
           and
           many
           Country
           men
           ;
           At
           that
           season
           the
           Governour
           had
           commanded
           to
           Stroud
           ,
           another
           guard
           of
           fifty
           Musketiers
           
           to
           support
           and
           strengthen
           the
           place
           in
           its
           own
           defence
           .
           But
           Ammunition
           was
           their
           only
           cry
           ,
           which
           struck
           us
           dead
           ,
           and
           constrained
           the
           Governour
           to
           withdraw
           that
           party
           to
           the
           garrison
           at
           Essington
           ;
           For
           our
           Magazine
           did
           then
           yeild
           no
           more
           then
           six
           single
           barrells
           of
           powder
           ,
           by
           which
           meanes
           he
           was
           wholly
           disabled
           to
           encounter
           the
           Enemy
           ;
           Only
           to
           preserve
           the
           bottome
           ,
           he
           drew
           forth
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           both
           Regiments
           with
           their
           Colours
           display'd
           to
           flourish
           at
           a
           distance
           ,
           and
           summoned
           the
           Volunteers
           of
           the
           Country
           whom
           himselfe
           had
           engaged
           in
           a
           posture
           of
           defence
           .
           These
           were
           to
           increase
           the
           appearance
           of
           strength
           by
           day
           ,
           and
           at
           night
           to
           guard
           the
           severall
           passages
           .
           So
           that
           the
           Enemy
           durst
           not
           adventure
           below
           the
           Hills
           ,
           nor
           seek
           us
           in
           our
           advantages
           ,
           nor
           was
           it
           safe
           for
           us
           ,
           who
           wanted
           horse
           ,
           to
           set
           upon
           them
           in
           those
           large
           and
           open
           places
           ;
           Either
           party
           kept
           their
           own
           ground
           .
           They
           wasted
           the
           Hill
           Countries
           ,
           whilst
           we
           secured
           the
           Vale
           :
           and
           the
           Souldiers
           sustained
           hard
           duty
           in
           marching
           to
           and
           fro
           to
           give
           the
           Country
           satisfaction
           ,
           where
           the
           Enemy
           prevailed
           they
           plundered
           to
           the
           bare
           walls
           ,
           and
           this
           was
           the
           accomplishment
           of
           the
           great
           service
           ,
           so
           long
           expected
           from
           Sir
           
             William
             Vavasour
          
           .
        
         
           This
           Brigade
           ,
           upon
           the
           defeate
           of
           Sir
           
             Ralph
             Hoptons
          
           Army
           ,
           by
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           at
           Charrington
           Down
           ,
           was
           commanded
           hence
           and
           instantly
           marched
           for
           Cirencester
           and
           so
           to
           Oxford
           ,
           our
           horse
           made
           after
           them
           but
           could
           not
           recover
           the
           Reare
           ,
           only
           they
           lighted
           upon
           some
           straglers
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           whole
           businesse
           we
           killed
           and
           took
           near
           fifty
           men
           .
           This
           diversion
           relieved
           Gloucester
           which
           else
           had
           bin
           blocked
           up
           to
           the
           Gates
           ,
           and
           cast
           into
           as
           great
           necessity
           as
           ever
           .
           In
           this
           pinch
           we
           received
           twelve
           horse
           loade
           of
           Ammunition
           strangely
           conveyed
           between
           the
           Enemies
           garisons
           ,
           only
           by
           the
           Carriers
           and
           a
           foot
           post
           ,
           when
           their
           designed
           convoy
           that
           set
           forth
           a
           little
           after
           and
           missed
           them
           ,
           gave
           them
           for
           lost
           and
           returned
           to
           Warwicke
           ;
           The
           residue
           of
           the
           relief
           was
           stolne
           by
           parcells
           through
           the
           enemies
           Quarters
           ,
           for
           though
           their
           greater
           body
           was
           drawn
           off
           ,
           yet
           were
           we
           still
           vexed
           with
           their
           garrisons
           .
           Not
           long
           after
           there
           arrived
           another
           portion
           and
           three
           Troopes
           of
           horse
           to
           make
           up
           the
           Governours
           Regiment
           .
           At
           length
           came
           Lieutenant
           Colonell
           Ferrar
           that
           
           had
           the
           command
           of
           these
           succours
           with
           a
           little
           long
           expected
           pay
           for
           the
           Garrison
           .
           As
           for
           the
           Foote
           Souldiers
           that
           came
           with
           him
           out
           of
           London
           ,
           in
           regard
           they
           came
           severall
           wayes
           and
           at
           severall
           times
           in
           a
           lingering
           march
           with
           want
           of
           pay
           ,
           and
           some
           taken
           prisoners
           ,
           about
           fifty
           came
           to
           Gloucester
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           rest
           ,
           no
           good
           account
           could
           be
           given
           .
        
         
           When
           Vavasour
           was
           called
           off
           the
           Enemy
           revived
           and
           grew
           bold
           under
           a
           more
           active
           Leader
           Colonell
           
             Nicholas
             Min
          
           ,
           who
           commanded
           the
           Irish
           Brigade
           .
           In
           the
           first
           entrance
           hee
           began
           to
           lash
           out
           ,
           and
           made
           assayes
           of
           action
           ,
           cut
           down
           the
           Bridge
           at
           Masemore
           ,
           allarmed
           the
           City
           from
           the
           Vineyard
           Hill
           ,
           and
           took
           divers
           of
           our
           men
           that
           issued
           out
           upon
           a
           sally
           over
           the
           River
           in
           a
           boate
           .
        
         
           At
           this
           present
           there
           came
           dayly
           cries
           for
           the
           reliefe
           of
           Brampton
           Castle
           in
           the
           remote
           parts
           of
           Herefordshire
           ,
           which
           held
           out
           a
           long
           time
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           the
           Enemies
           Country
           to
           the
           expense
           of
           much
           time
           and
           bloud
           .
           And
           their
           succour
           was
           the
           more
           importuned
           by
           the
           rage
           of
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           which
           had
           lately
           acted
           their
           cruelties
           upon
           fourty
           prisoners
           of
           the
           same
           command
           taken
           by
           Colonell
           Woodhouse
           in
           Hopton
           Castle
           ,
           which
           were
           basely
           murthered
           after
           the
           surrender
           .
           Colonell
           Massie
           had
           no
           forces
           under
           his
           command
           to
           undertake
           a
           march
           through
           the
           midst
           of
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           when
           they
           pressed
           hard
           on
           our
           own
           borders
           ,
           and
           the
           Brigade
           of
           horse
           assigned
           for
           the
           Convoy
           ,
           and
           commanded
           by
           Commissary
           Generall
           Bher
           were
           unwilling
           to
           undertake
           the
           service
           .
           Yet
           while
           these
           horse
           remained
           here
           ,
           the
           Governour
           desired
           to
           set
           them
           a
           worke
           that
           they
           might
           not
           act
           only
           to
           the
           spoyle
           of
           the
           Country
           .
           Wherefore
           they
           joyned
           with
           a
           party
           of
           our
           foot
           ,
           and
           made
           an
           attempt
           upon
           Newent
           ,
           Colonell
           Mins
           garrison
           ,
           but
           were
           called
           off
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           the
           service
           by
           a
           speciall
           order
           from
           the
           L.
           Generall
           .
        
         
           The
           Enemy
           have
           lost
           the
           hopes
           of
           their
           Winter
           action
           ,
           and
           this
           garrison
           made
           the
           best
           of
           a
           bad
           game
           in
           continuall
           petty
           services
           and
           small
           parties
           ,
           yet
           beyond
           the
           strength
           of
           the
           place
           ,
           not
           to
           conquer
           ,
           but
           live
           ,
           nor
           to
           destroy
           the
           Kings
           Forces
           but
           to
           stave
           off
           or
           delude
           them
           .
           But
           to
           enable
           Colonell
           Massie
           to
           march
           with
           a
           better
           strength
           ,
           Colonell
           Purefoy
           with
           his
           Regiment
           
           of
           horse
           about
           the
           first
           of
           April
           1644
           ,
           was
           by
           the
           Committeè
           of
           both
           Kingdome
           ,
           commanded
           into
           these
           parts
           ,
           and
           the
           maine
           designe
           was
           to
           remove
           or
           take
           in
           the
           garrisons
           that
           lay
           round
           the
           City
           .
           These
           horse
           having
           brought
           but
           a
           slender
           part
           of
           the
           Ammunition
           ,
           and
           none
           of
           the
           Armes
           that
           were
           sent
           from
           London
           were
           remanded
           to
           Warwicke
           ,
           for
           the
           Convoy
           of
           Match
           and
           Powder
           :
           The
           Governour
           resolving
           not
           to
           undertake
           a
           march
           or
           action
           of
           time
           without
           a
           proportion
           of
           Powder
           ,
           both
           for
           the
           field
           and
           garrison
           .
           Upon
           their
           second
           arrivall
           these
           horse
           with
           a
           party
           of
           foure
           hundred
           foot
           were
           drawne
           out
           with
           two
           small
           pieces
           of
           Ordnance
           ,
           and
           advanced
           into
           the
           Enemies
           quarters
           ,
           first
           with
           a
           purpose
           to
           seeke
           out
           Colonell
           Min
           ,
           who
           was
           lodged
           in
           the
           nearer
           parts
           .
           But
           upon
           the
           report
           of
           our
           march
           he
           fell
           back
           from
           Newent
           and
           hastned
           to
           Rosse
           ,
           where
           he
           began
           to
           fortify
           the
           Church
           with
           his
           own
           and
           Sir
           
             Iohn
             Winters
          
           Regiments
           .
           The
           Governour
           made
           forwards
           into
           Herefordshire
           ,
           and
           kept
           his
           head
           quarters
           at
           Ledbury
           to
           appeare
           unto
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           and
           in
           their
           own
           Country
           provoke
           them
           to
           action
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           meane
           while
           to
           fetch
           in
           monies
           for
           the
           supply
           of
           the
           Souldier
           ,
           and
           to
           ease
           our
           Neighbourhood
           ,
           which
           till
           then
           did
           beare
           the
           whole
           burden
           .
           Our
           horse
           that
           lay
           neer
           upon
           their
           garrisons
           had
           some
           encounters
           ,
           but
           with
           no
           considerable
           party
           .
           From
           Hedbury
           an
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           Musketiers
           with
           the
           whole
           strength
           of
           horse
           were
           drawn
           towards
           Hereford
           to
           command
           the
           Country
           ,
           and
           face
           the
           garrison
           which
           feared
           our
           approach
           ,
           and
           for
           that
           cause
           fired
           a
           lone
           house
           neer
           the
           City
           ,
           but
           none
           did
           adventure
           to
           sally
           forth
           or
           fall
           on
           the
           Reare
           in
           our
           retreat
           ,
           so
           we
           marched
           through
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           the
           County
           ,
           but
           the
           grand
           Malignants
           were
           fled
           with
           the
           best
           of
           their
           substance
           .
           The
           Governour
           resolved
           to
           attempt
           the
           lesser
           garrisons
           ,
           but
           the
           noyse
           of
           our
           march
           had
           reached
           Prince
           Rupert
           ,
           who
           thereupon
           was
           come
           to
           Evesham
           with
           as
           great
           a
           strength
           of
           Horse
           and
           Dragoones
           as
           he
           could
           draw
           together
           with
           a
           purpose
           to
           fall
           over
           Upton-Bridge
           ,
           and
           get
           between
           Gloucester
           ,
           and
           our
           forces
           ,
           whilst
           Colonell
           Min
           and
           Sir
           
             John
             Winter
          
           held
           us
           in
           play
           in
           these
           parts
           .
           Wherefore
           being
           advertised
           of
           the
           Princes
           march
           ,
           and
           suspecting
           his
           intention
           ,
           he
           drew
           back
           the
           party
           as
           well
           to
           refresh
           and
           preserve
           his
           men
           as
           to
           make
           the
           Enemy
           secure
           .
        
         
         
           But
           within
           foure
           daies
           the
           like
           number
           were
           againe
           drawne
           out
           towards
           the
           Forrest
           side
           to
           attempt
           and
           act
           something
           upon
           Myns
           forces
           ,
           and
           first
           they
           came
           up
           upon
           Westbury
           ,
           once
           our
           owne
           garrison
           ,
           but
           betrayed
           into
           the
           hands
           of
           Sir
           
             John
             Winter
          
           .
           Here
           the
           enemy
           held
           the
           Church
           ,
           and
           a
           strong
           house
           adjoyning
           .
           The
           Governour
           observing
           a
           place
           not
           flanked
           ,
           fell
           up
           that
           way
           with
           the
           Forlorne
           hope
           ,
           and
           secured
           them
           from
           the
           danger
           of
           shot
           .
           The
           men
           got
           stooles
           and
           ladders
           to
           the
           windowes
           ,
           where
           they
           stood
           safe
           ,
           cast
           in
           Granadoes
           and
           fired
           them
           out
           of
           the
           Church
           .
           Having
           gained
           the
           Church
           ,
           he
           quickly
           beat
           them
           out
           of
           their
           workes
           and
           possest
           himselfe
           of
           the
           house
           ,
           where
           he
           tooke
           about
           foure
           score
           prisoners
           ,
           without
           the
           losse
           of
           a
           man.
           The
           enemy
           had
           an
           other
           guard
           at
           Little-Deane
           ,
           whither
           the
           Governour
           commanded
           a
           party
           of
           horse
           to
           give
           them
           alarms
           whilst
           he
           fell
           upon
           Westbury
           .
           These
           horse
           found
           the
           enemy
           stragling
           in
           the
           Towne
           ,
           and
           upon
           the
           discovery
           of
           their
           approach
           shuffling
           towards
           the
           garrison
           ,
           which
           the
           Troopers
           observing
           ,
           alighted
           and
           ran
           together
           with
           them
           into
           the
           house
           ,
           where
           they
           tooke
           about
           twenty
           men
           .
           Neere
           unto
           which
           guard
           Lieutenant
           Colonell
           Congrave
           Governour
           of
           Newnham
           and
           one
           Captaine
           Wigmore
           with
           a
           few
           private
           Souldiers
           were
           surrounded
           in
           some
           houses
           by
           the
           residue
           of
           our
           horse
           .
           These
           had
           accepted
           quarter
           ,
           ready
           to
           render
           themselves
           when
           one
           of
           their
           company
           from
           the
           house
           kils
           a
           Trooper
           ,
           which
           so
           enraged
           the
           rest
           ,
           that
           they
           broke
           in
           upon
           them
           and
           put
           them
           all
           to
           the
           Sword
           :
           in
           which
           accident
           this
           passage
           was
           not
           to
           be
           forgotten
           that
           expressed
           in
           one
           place
           an
           extreame
           contrariety
           in
           the
           Spirits
           of
           men
           under
           the
           stroke
           of
           death
           :
           Congrave
           died
           with
           these
           words
           ,
           
             Lord
             receive
             my
             soule
          
           ;
           and
           Wigmore
           cryed
           nothing
           but
           
             Dum
             me
             more
             ,
             Dame
             me
             more
          
           ;
           desperately
           requiring
           the
           last
           stroke
           ,
           as
           enraged
           at
           Divine
           revenge
           .
        
         
           Colonell
           Massie
           pursued
           the
           successe
           (
           whilst
           his
           owne
           men
           were
           full
           of
           life
           and
           hope
           ,
           that
           the
           confidence
           of
           the
           enemy
           might
           be
           dashed
           by
           a
           quicke
           surprisall
           .
           )
           And
           the
           very
           next
           day
           came
           before
           Newnham
           ,
           where
           a
           strong
           party
           of
           Sir
           
             John
             Winters
          
           forces
           kept
           garrison
           in
           the
           Church
           ,
           and
           the
           Fort
           adjoyning
           ,
           of
           considerable
           strength
           ,
           who
           at
           that
           instant
           where
           much
           daunted
           
           and
           distracted
           by
           the
           losse
           of
           Congrave
           their
           Governour
           .
           Our
           men
           were
           possest
           of
           the
           Towne
           without
           opposition
           ,
           and
           recovered
           the
           houses
           by
           which
           they
           got
           neere
           the
           workes
           .
           The
           Governour
           commanded
           a
           blind
           of
           faggots
           to
           be
           made
           athwart
           the
           street
           ,
           drew
           up
           two
           pieces
           of
           Ordnance
           within
           Pistoll
           shot
           :
           and
           observing
           a
           place
           not
           well
           flanker'd
           .
           where
           he
           might
           lead
           up
           his
           men
           to
           the
           best
           advantage
           ,
           himselfe
           marched
           before
           them
           ,
           and
           found
           that
           part
           of
           the
           worke
           fortified
           with
           double
           pallisadoes
           :
           (
           the
           Souldiers
           being
           provided
           with
           Sawes
           to
           cut
           them
           down
           ,
           )
           and
           having
           drawn
           these
           close
           within
           a
           dead
           angle
           ,
           and
           secure
           from
           their
           shot
           ,
           and
           drawing
           the
           rest
           of
           his
           force
           for
           a
           storme
           ,
           the
           enemy
           forthwith
           desires
           parley
           ,
           and
           to
           speake
           with
           the
           Governour
           ,
           which
           he
           refused
           ,
           and
           commanded
           a
           sudden
           surrender
           .
           In
           this
           interim
           some
           of
           the
           enemy
           jumpt
           over
           the
           workes
           ,
           and
           so
           our
           men
           broke
           in
           upon
           the
           rest
           ,
           who
           ranne
           from
           the
           out-worke
           into
           the
           Church
           ,
           hoping
           to
           cleare
           the
           mount
           which
           we
           had
           gained
           .
           But
           our
           men
           were
           too
           nimble
           ,
           who
           had
           no
           sooner
           entred
           the
           mount
           ,
           but
           rushed
           upon
           them
           before
           they
           could
           reach
           home
           ,
           and
           tumbled
           into
           the
           Church
           all
           together
           .
           Then
           they
           cryed
           for
           quarter
           ,
           when
           in
           the
           very
           point
           of
           victory
           a
           disaster
           was
           like
           to
           befall
           us
           ,
           a
           barrell
           of
           Gunpowder
           was
           fired
           in
           the
           Church
           ,
           undoubtedly
           of
           set
           purpose
           ,
           and
           was
           conceived
           to
           be
           done
           by
           one
           Tipper
           a
           most
           virulent
           Papist
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             John
             Winters
          
           servant
           ,
           despairing
           withall
           of
           his
           redemption
           being
           a
           prisoner
           before
           ,
           and
           having
           falsified
           his
           engagements
           .
           This
           Powder
           blast
           blew
           many
           out
           of
           the
           Church
           ,
           and
           sorely
           singed
           a
           greater
           number
           ,
           but
           killed
           none
           .
           The
           Souldiers
           enraged
           fell
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           heate
           of
           blood
           ,
           slew
           neere
           twenty
           ,
           and
           amongst
           others
           this
           Tipper
           .
           All
           the
           rest
           had
           quarter
           for
           their
           lives
           (
           save
           one
           Captaine
           Butler
           an
           Irish
           rebell
           ,
           who
           was
           knocked
           downe
           by
           a
           common
           souldier
           )
           and
           an
           hundred
           prisoners
           taken
           .
           The
           service
           was
           performed
           without
           the
           losse
           of
           a
           man
           on
           our
           side
           .
        
         
           After
           this
           dispatch
           the
           Governour
           marched
           to
           Lidney
           house
           ,
           with
           purpose
           to
           attempt
           according
           to
           what
           he
           should
           finde
           meet
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           first
           place
           summoned
           the
           same
           to
           a
           surrender
           ,
           which
           being
           refused
           ,
           and
           he
           finding
           the
           house
           exceedingly
           fortified
           ,
           and
           no
           lesse
           provided
           with
           victuall
           and
           force
           ,
           engaged
           not
           upon
           it
           :
           
           And
           understanding
           that
           Col.
           Myn
           with
           a
           considerable
           strength
           of
           horse
           and
           foot
           ,
           assisted
           by
           the
           Lord
           Herberts
           forces
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             John
             Winter
          
           ,
           was
           come
           as
           far
           as
           Coford
           ;
           he
           was
           enforced
           with
           more
           expedition
           to
           draw
           off
           ,
           for
           the
           gaining
           of
           the
           hill
           towards
           them
           ,
           there
           expecting
           the
           enemies
           advance
           till
           towards
           evening
           ,
           when
           he
           marched
           off
           his
           wearied
           men
           to
           Gloucester
           ,
           first
           having
           fired
           Sir
           
             John
             Winters
          
           Iron-mils
           and
           Furnaces
           ,
           the
           maine
           strength
           of
           his
           estate
           and
           garrison
           .
        
         
           After
           these
           things
           many
           Gentlemen
           of
           the
           County
           began
           to
           looke
           towards
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           tender
           their
           obedience
           ,
           desiring
           Protections
           from
           this
           government
           ,
           to
           secure
           themselves
           from
           spoyle
           ,
           and
           the
           souldiers
           violence
           .
           Neverthelesse
           as
           the
           personall
           estates
           of
           all
           knowne
           delinquents
           within
           the
           reach
           of
           this
           command
           were
           seized
           ,
           and
           the
           profits
           of
           their
           Lands
           sequestred
           ,
           so
           these
           men
           were
           not
           to
           be
           ignorant
           or
           insensible
           of
           the
           value
           of
           their
           peace
           .
           Concerning
           some
           the
           Governour
           desired
           the
           direction
           of
           the
           Houses
           ,
           yet
           granted
           Protections
           with
           strict
           provisoes
           onely
           to
           preserve
           their
           persons
           from
           the
           violence
           ,
           and
           their
           estates
           from
           the
           plunder
           of
           the
           common
           souldier
           ,
           for
           the
           advantage
           of
           the
           publique
           ,
           till
           a
           full
           conviction
           ,
           or
           the
           pleasure
           of
           the
           Houses
           were
           by
           themselves
           or
           their
           Committee
           made
           known
           .
           And
           this
           he
           did
           according
           to
           the
           Parliaments
           undeniable
           justice
           ,
           and
           the
           example
           of
           other
           generall
           Officers
           .
           As
           for
           the
           moderate
           offenders
           ,
           unlesse
           the
           state
           of
           things
           did
           require
           or
           permit
           their
           utter
           destruction
           ,
           he
           had
           no
           other
           way
           but
           to
           endeavour
           to
           make
           them
           our
           friends
           and
           confidents
           ,
           and
           since
           it
           was
           resolved
           they
           must
           live
           amongst
           us
           ,
           hee
           desired
           by
           love
           and
           gentle
           dealing
           to
           hold
           the
           way
           secure
           and
           open
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           imbrace
           the
           condition
           without
           discontent
           or
           feare
           ,
           and
           for
           these
           protections
           hee
           reserved
           nothing
           to
           himselfe
           but
           caused
           the
           moneys
           to
           be
           paid
           in
           to
           the
           publique
           Treasurer
           for
           the
           use
           of
           the
           garrison
           .
        
         
           Neither
           was
           he
           sluggish
           in
           the
           spring
           of
           action
           ,
           but
           immediately
           fell
           upon
           another
           designe
           ,
           the
           surprisall
           of
           Tewkesbury
           ,
           by
           an
           unexpected
           onset
           .
           For
           the
           enemy
           by
           the
           number
           of
           their
           men
           ,
           and
           the
           naturall
           strength
           of
           the
           place
           ,
           with
           the
           workes
           well
           begun
           ,
           were
           sufficiently
           provided
           to
           receive
           an
           expected
           and
           open
           storme
           ,
           and
           the
           Governour
           shun'd
           all
           desperate
           hazzards
           ,
           because
           
           he
           did
           not
           march
           with
           supernumerary
           forces
           ,
           but
           the
           maine
           strength
           of
           Gloucester
           .
           Wherefore
           to
           deceive
           the
           enemy
           the
           foot
           were
           drawne
           forth
           at
           the
           West-gate
           ,
           bearing
           the
           shew
           of
           an
           advance
           into
           Herefordthire
           ,
           and
           the
           Horse
           kept
           their
           Rendezvouz
           ,
           and
           looked
           the
           same
           way
           .
           But
           in
           the
           evening
           the
           horse
           came
           backe
           and
           marched
           through
           Gloucester
           towards
           Tewkesbury
           ,
           having
           first
           sent
           a
           guard
           to
           Upton-bridge
           :
           while
           the
           foot
           came
           on
           beyond
           Severne
           .
           The
           designe
           had
           taken
           effect
           ,
           had
           not
           the
           foot
           by
           their
           slow
           march
           or
           mis-guidance
           passed
           the
           houre
           ,
           which
           was
           breake
           of
           day
           ,
           for
           they
           came
           not
           before
           the
           Towne
           till
           an
           houre
           after
           Sunne
           rising
           ,
           when
           we
           were
           found
           not
           sit
           to
           assault
           a
           waking
           and
           prepared
           enemy
           .
           To
           withdraw
           neverthelesse
           ,
           did
           seeme
           but
           a
           feeble
           businesse
           for
           such
           a
           faire
           body
           of
           horse
           and
           foot
           displayed
           before
           the
           Towne
           ,
           and
           carried
           before
           it
           the
           appearance
           of
           a
           baffle
           :
           yet
           the
           Governour
           ,
           though
           naturally
           jealous
           of
           honour
           ,
           could
           digest
           such
           mis-fezance
           ,
           when
           the
           safety
           of
           his
           owne
           men
           required
           ,
           knowing
           that
           the
           opportunity
           of
           service
           would
           in
           good
           time
           cancell
           a
           mis-grounded
           ignominy
           ,
           and
           in
           his
           whole
           course
           ,
           whensoever
           the
           present
           exigence
           did
           not
           urge
           a
           greater
           hazzard
           ,
           neglected
           the
           hopes
           of
           those
           victories
           that
           could
           not
           be
           gained
           without
           the
           weakning
           of
           that
           party
           on
           which
           the
           maine
           rest
           did
           lie
           .
        
         
           This
           party
           was
           presently
           sent
           over
           the
           River
           ,
           and
           marched
           toward
           Rosse
           to
           prevent
           the
           joyning
           of
           Colonell
           Myn
           (
           now
           made
           Commander
           in
           chiefe
           in
           the
           roome
           of
           Sir
           
             William
             Vavasour
          
           )
           with
           Sir
           
             John
             Winter
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Welsh
           forces
           ,
           as
           also
           to
           raise
           moneys
           for
           the
           garrison
           out
           of
           the
           remoter
           parts
           ,
           to
           enlarge
           our
           owne
           quarters
           ,
           engage
           the
           Countrey
           with
           us
           ,
           or
           to
           lie
           ready
           for
           all
           occasions
           of
           service
           .
           There
           our
           horse
           and
           foot
           arrived
           ,
           with
           two
           pieces
           of
           Ordnance
           ,
           and
           found
           Wilton-bridge
           guarded
           by
           Captaine
           Cassie
           ,
           and
           thirty
           Musketiers
           from
           Gudridge-castle
           ;
           a
           party
           of
           our
           horse
           advanced
           upon
           them
           ,
           forced
           the
           River
           ,
           and
           got
           beyond
           them
           ;
           after
           some
           dispute
           beat
           off
           the
           guard
           ,
           wounded
           and
           tooke
           the
           Captaine
           ,
           slew
           many
           of
           his
           men
           ,
           and
           tooke
           the
           rest
           in
           the
           chase
           almost
           up
           to
           the
           Castle
           .
           Our
           forces
           rested
           here
           a
           few
           daies
           ,
           and
           summoned
           the
           Countrey
           to
           appeare
           ,
           it
           being
           the
           Governours
           constant
           endeavour
           to
           adde
           daily
           friends
           unto
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           
           and
           to
           put
           the
           Countrey
           into
           such
           a
           posture
           ,
           that
           upon
           all
           alarms
           they
           might
           gather
           to
           an
           head
           for
           their
           owne
           defence
           ,
           and
           hereupon
           many
           came
           in
           and
           declared
           themselves
           ,
           by
           taking
           the
           Nationall
           Covenant
           .
           Whilst
           the
           engagement
           of
           the
           Countrey
           was
           thus
           prosecuted
           some
           emergent
           occasions
           drew
           the
           Governour
           to
           Gloucester
           ,
           where
           he
           found
           a
           prisoner
           Captaine
           Oglethorpe
           Governour
           of
           Beverston-castle
           ,
           a
           man
           rendred
           odious
           to
           the
           Countrey
           by
           strange
           oppressions
           and
           tyranny
           ,
           and
           who
           lost
           himselfe
           basely
           being
           taken
           by
           some
           of
           our
           Scouts
           in
           a
           private
           house
           courting
           his
           Mistresse
           ,
           and
           when
           once
           taken
           ,
           not
           so
           high
           and
           sterne
           before
           ,
           but
           now
           as
           vile
           and
           abject
           .
           By
           which
           meanes
           the
           Governour
           was
           made
           sensible
           of
           the
           weakenesse
           of
           the
           Castle
           ,
           but
           much
           divided
           in
           his
           owne
           thoughts
           ,
           whether
           to
           leave
           the
           Countrey
           that
           came
           on
           so
           fairely
           to
           a
           selfe-engagement
           ,
           and
           neglect
           the
           Contribution
           already
           levied
           ,
           but
           not
           payd
           in
           ,
           or
           desert
           the
           hopes
           of
           agallant
           service
           :
           till
           at
           last
           considering
           the
           great
           command
           of
           the
           Castle
           ,
           that
           the
           gaining
           of
           it
           would
           free
           the
           Clothiers
           of
           Stroudwater
           from
           the
           bondage
           and
           terrour
           of
           that
           government
           ,
           &
           might
           prove
           a
           great
           detriment
           and
           annoyance
           to
           the
           enemy
           ,
           in
           stopping
           or
           disturbing
           their
           passage
           from
           Oxford
           to
           Bristoll
           ,
           he
           turned
           his
           thoughts
           to
           the
           businesse
           ,
           put
           on
           and
           resolved
           to
           try
           for
           it
           .
           Wherefore
           he
           drew
           from
           Rosse
           without
           delay
           ,
           and
           commanded
           his
           foot
           over
           Severne
           at
           Newnham
           passage
           ,
           whilst
           the
           horse
           marched
           through
           Gloucester
           :
           the
           next
           day
           he
           came
           before
           Beverston
           ,
           and
           demanded
           the
           Castle
           in
           the
           name
           of
           the
           King
           and
           Parliament
           .
        
         
           The
           Lieutenant
           that
           commanded
           ,
           at
           the
           first
           returne
           sent
           an
           answer
           of
           complyance
           ,
           farre
           from
           the
           language
           of
           a
           souldier
           ,
           and
           without
           one
           confident
           expression
           .
           They
           quickly
           came
           to
           a
           parley
           ,
           and
           rendered
           upon
           conditions
           that
           both
           Officers
           and
           common
           Souldiers
           leaving
           their
           Armes
           ,
           Ammunition
           ,
           Bagge
           and
           Baggage
           ,
           should
           freely
           passe
           to
           whatsoever
           garrison
           of
           the
           Kings
           themselves
           desired
           ,
           onely
           foure
           Officers
           had
           the
           priviledge
           to
           take
           each
           man
           his
           horse
           .
           So
           that
           without
           losse
           or
           danger
           we
           were
           possest
           of
           Beverston-castle
           ,
           to
           the
           great
           content
           and
           satisfaction
           of
           the
           Countrey
           round
           about
           .
           'T
           was
           lost
           unworthily
           on
           the
           enemies
           part
           ,
           who
           might
           have
           held
           it
           with
           ease
           .
           Of
           so
           
           great
           simplicity
           was
           he
           conscious
           that
           commanded
           the
           Garrison
           as
           to
           aske
           the
           place
           ,
           whether
           our
           forces
           intend
           the
           next
           march
           ,
           expressing
           his
           doubts
           of
           Malmesbury
           ,
           and
           feare
           of
           being
           taken
           the
           second
           time
           .
           Neverthelesse
           they
           required
           a
           conduct
           thitherward
           and
           were
           guard
           d
           along
           by
           two
           Troops
           of
           horse
           ,
           and
           that
           very
           day
           our
           forces
           fell
           before
           it
           .
        
         
           Whilst
           the
           horse
           faced
           the
           Towne
           Colonell
           Massie
           sent
           in
           the
           Summons
           ,
           but
           this
           enemy
           put
           on
           the
           appearance
           of
           bravery
           fired
           upon
           the
           horse
           ,
           and
           Colonell
           
             Henry
             Howard
          
           Governour
           of
           the
           Garrison
           sent
           backe
           a
           resolute
           answer
           .
           Thereupon
           our
           foot
           and
           artillery
           were
           brought
           up
           from
           Tedbury
           ,
           and
           within
           two
           houres
           drawne
           into
           the
           Suburbs
           and
           lower
           part
           of
           the
           Towne
           .
           The
           foot
           broke
           their
           way
           through
           the
           houses
           till
           they
           came
           almost
           up
           to
           the
           workes
           ,
           and
           the
           onely
           place
           of
           entrance
           into
           the
           Towne
           ,
           which
           is
           built
           upon
           the
           levell
           of
           a
           rocke
           .
           Colonell
           Massie
           caused
           a
           blinde
           to
           be
           made
           crosse
           the
           street
           to
           bring
           up
           the
           Ordnance
           ,
           within
           Carbine
           shot
           :
           when
           on
           the
           sudden
           the
           fancie
           of
           an
           Alarm
           seized
           upon
           our
           men
           in
           the
           heate
           of
           the
           businesse
           ,
           that
           the
           enemy
           were
           sallying
           out
           upon
           them
           ,
           which
           was
           nothing
           so
           .
           This
           unexpected
           accident
           strucke
           those
           men
           that
           at
           other
           times
           would
           brave
           it
           in
           the
           face
           of
           an
           enemy
           ,
           with
           such
           distraon
           and
           feare
           ,
           that
           they
           all
           fled
           ,
           and
           left
           their
           Cannon
           in
           the
           open
           street
           .
           This
           meere
           conceit
           was
           like
           to
           overturne
           all
           :
           but
           they
           within
           observed
           not
           .
           After
           a
           while
           the
           Souldiers
           recovered
           themselves
           ,
           regained
           and
           kept
           their
           ground
           ,
           and
           the
           Governour
           resolved
           to
           storme
           the
           Towne
           in
           three
           places
           at
           once
           .
           The
           severall
           parties
           were
           drawne
           out
           to
           the
           places
           of
           assault
           ,
           but
           this
           designe
           miscarried
           through
           the
           mis-understanding
           of
           the
           signall
           .
           The
           parties
           returne
           unto
           the
           Governour
           ,
           who
           resolved
           to
           make
           the
           assault
           at
           breake
           of
           day
           in
           one
           place
           where
           himselfe
           kept
           the
           onely
           passage
           into
           the
           Town
           ,
           having
           no
           draw-bridge
           at
           the
           entrance
           ,
           but
           onely
           a
           Turn-pike
           ,
           whereas
           the
           other
           parts
           were
           almost
           inaccessible
           ,
           guarded
           by
           a
           steepe
           descent
           ,
           and
           double
           channell
           round
           about
           .
           The
           houses
           within
           Pistoll
           shot
           of
           the
           workes
           were
           our
           maine
           advantage
           ,
           by
           which
           meanes
           our
           men
           were
           brought
           safe
           under
           the
           shelter
           of
           their
           workes
           .
           And
           the
           Governour
           observing
           the
           late
           effects
           of
           a
           panick
           feare
           amongst
           
           his
           owne
           men
           ,
           gave
           the
           charge
           that
           they
           should
           fall
           on
           all
           together
           with
           a
           sudden
           and
           confused
           noise
           ,
           to
           amaze
           the
           enemy
           ,
           and
           disturbe
           the
           command
           of
           the
           Officers
           .
           The
           forlorne
           hope
           advanced
           ,
           seconded
           with
           a
           good
           reserve
           ,
           all
           put
           on
           together
           ,
           came
           up
           to
           the
           Turn-pike
           ,
           and
           threw
           in
           Granadoes
           ,
           the
           enemy
           made
           many
           shot
           at
           randome
           ,
           in
           the
           disadvantage
           of
           a
           rainy
           night
           ,
           and
           their
           muskets
           lying
           wet
           on
           the
           workes
           .
           So
           that
           our
           men
           came
           all
           in
           a
           croude
           to
           the
           narrow
           passage
           ,
           and
           thronged
           in
           ,
           and
           not
           a
           man
           slaine
           or
           wounded
           in
           the
           storme
           .
           One
           onely
           was
           killed
           the
           night
           before
           in
           helping
           to
           make
           the
           blinde
           .
           Colonell
           Howard
           was
           taken
           at
           the
           workes
           after
           three
           shots
           received
           in
           severall
           parts
           of
           his
           garment
           ,
           each
           of
           which
           missed
           his
           body
           .
           An
           hundred
           musketiers
           were
           taken
           prisoners
           ,
           many
           having
           escaped
           ,
           besides
           those
           of
           Beverston-castle
           ,
           who
           came
           hither
           for
           refuge
           the
           day
           before
           .
           This
           service
           was
           performed
           gallantly
           by
           our
           men
           ,
           after
           three
           daies
           continuall
           march
           .
           Upon
           the
           first
           entrance
           Colonell
           Massie
           preserved
           the
           Town
           from
           plunder
           ,
           nor
           at
           any
           time
           did
           he
           suffer
           his
           souldiers
           to
           ransacke
           any
           place
           that
           he
           took
           by
           storme
           ,
           giving
           this
           reason
           ,
           that
           he
           could
           judge
           no
           part
           of
           England
           an
           enemies
           Countrey
           ,
           nor
           an
           English
           Town
           capable
           of
           devastation
           by
           English
           souldiers
           .
           After
           a
           little
           stay
           to
           settle
           the
           garrison
           ,
           and
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           to
           command
           in
           some
           moneys
           for
           the
           satisfaction
           of
           the
           souldiers
           ,
           and
           present
           supply
           of
           the
           brigade
           ,
           he
           returned
           to
           Gloucester
           ;
           and
           the
           Warwickeshire
           horse
           were
           called
           off
           into
           their
           owne
           Countrey
           .
        
         
           After
           few
           daies
           the
           Governour
           having
           breathed
           himselfe
           and
           his
           men
           ,
           resolved
           to
           attempt
           the
           taking
           of
           Tewkesbury
           ,
           a
           bad
           neighbour
           to
           our
           head
           garrison
           ,
           and
           where
           he
           had
           suffered
           the
           repulse
           twice
           before
           .
           He
           was
           able
           to
           draw
           forth
           an
           hundred
           and
           twenty
           horse
           ,
           and
           about
           thirty
           dragoones
           ,
           with
           three
           hundred
           foot
           .
           For
           his
           strength
           was
           no
           more
           then
           the
           standing
           forces
           of
           the
           City
           ,
           a
           great
           part
           of
           which
           were
           now
           swallowed
           up
           by
           the
           garrisons
           lately
           taken
           in
           .
           The
           horse
           and
           dragoones
           commanded
           by
           Major
           Hammond
           advanced
           some
           few
           houres
           before
           the
           Foot
           and
           Artillery
           ,
           and
           were
           to
           alarm
           the
           enemy
           till
           the
           foot
           came
           up
           .
           They
           made
           a
           hault
           a
           mile
           from
           the
           Town
           ,
           and
           drew
           out
           a
           pretty
           strong
           forlorne-hope
           ,
           conceiving
           they
           might
           possibly
           surprize
           them
           ,
           if
           
           they
           had
           not
           as
           yet
           tooke
           the
           alarm
           ,
           and
           first
           three
           men
           were
           sent
           before
           to
           espy
           if
           the
           Draw-bridge
           were
           down
           ,
           and
           six
           more
           behind
           went
           undiscovered
           ;
           next
           unto
           these
           marched
           the
           forlorne
           hope
           ,
           and
           the
           maine
           body
           in
           the
           reare
           .
           In
           this
           posture
           they
           advanced
           up
           to
           the
           Town
           ,
           where
           they
           found
           the
           Bridge
           down
           ,
           the
           guards
           slender
           ;
           the
           enemy
           without
           intelligence
           ,
           and
           supinely
           negligent
           .
           On
           went
           the
           first
           party
           ,
           killed
           the
           Sentinels
           ,
           a
           Pikeman
           and
           a
           Musketier
           without
           match
           ,
           and
           made
           good
           the
           bridge
           :
           the
           forlorne-hope
           rushed
           in
           ,
           and
           after
           them
           a
           full
           body
           of
           horse
           and
           dragoones
           ,
           fell
           upon
           the
           guards
           ,
           came
           up
           to
           the
           maine-guard
           before
           the
           alarm
           was
           taken
           ,
           overturned
           their
           Ordnance
           ,
           and
           charged
           through
           the
           streets
           as
           farre
           as
           the
           bridge
           Worcester
           way
           ,
           where
           they
           tooke
           Major
           Myn
           the
           Governour
           of
           the
           Towne
           .
           The
           enemy
           threw
           down
           their
           Armes
           ,
           many
           escaped
           by
           flight
           ,
           and
           many
           were
           taken
           prisoners
           .
           Colonell
           Godfrey
           was
           slain
           in
           the
           first
           charge
           ,
           as
           also
           Colonel
           Vavasours
           Quartermaster-generall
           ,
           and
           a
           Lieutenant
           ,
           all
           Papists
           ,
           besides
           a
           Sergeant
           ,
           with
           about
           six
           common
           Souldiers
           .
           Our
           Officers
           and
           Souldiers
           supposing
           themselves
           wholly
           victorious
           ,
           dismounted
           and
           went
           into
           the
           houses
           ,
           some
           in
           the
           vanity
           of
           their
           humour
           ,
           others
           for
           plunder
           ,
           whilst
           all
           sleighted
           their
           owne
           guards
           ,
           and
           the
           making
           good
           of
           the
           bridge
           at
           which
           they
           entered
           ,
           and
           neglected
           the
           taking
           and
           disarming
           of
           the
           maine-guard
           ,
           which
           lay
           in
           the
           heart
           of
           the
           Towne
           ,
           and
           cleared
           every
           street
           .
           Whereupon
           those
           at
           the
           main-guard
           observing
           the
           horse
           not
           seconded
           with
           foot
           ,
           took
           courage
           to
           charge
           some
           of
           our
           horse
           now
           in
           confusion
           ,
           and
           many
           of
           the
           enemy
           out
           of
           the
           houses
           ran
           to
           the
           guard
           ,
           and
           so
           strengthned
           it
           ,
           that
           they
           issued
           out
           upon
           our
           men
           ,
           put
           them
           to
           a
           retreat
           ,
           beat
           them
           out
           of
           the
           Towne
           ,
           and
           took
           some
           few
           prisoners
           .
           But
           before
           they
           were
           beaten
           out
           they
           had
           cut
           down
           two
           Draw-bridges
           ,
           and
           secured
           the
           Governour
           Major
           Myn
           ,
           who
           was
           passed
           over
           Severne
           with
           a
           small
           party
           that
           tooke
           him
           beyond
           the
           Town
           .
           By
           this
           time
           Colonell
           Massie
           was
           come
           up
           with
           a
           few
           horse
           halfe
           a
           mile
           in
           the
           Van
           of
           the
           foot
           ,
           which
           hasted
           after
           to
           make
           an
           assault
           in
           this
           instant
           of
           time
           .
           But
           the
           bridge
           towards
           Gloucester
           was
           againe
           drawn
           up
           and
           the
           workes
           manned
           on
           that
           side
           ;
           here
           the
           governour
           placed
           his
           company
           of
           dragoones
           ,
           and
           gave
           order
           to
           fire
           upon
           them
           ,
           whilst
           he
           drew
           his
           men
           round
           
           the
           Towne
           ,
           it
           being
           now
           darke
           night
           ;
           but
           before
           he
           could
           reach
           the
           farther
           end
           ,
           where
           he
           entered
           about
           midnight
           the
           enemy
           were
           fled
           towards
           Worcester
           ,
           being
           daunted
           at
           the
           first
           assault
           made
           by
           the
           horse
           ,
           observing
           withall
           our
           foot
           now
           brought
           up
           ,
           their
           owne
           Governour
           lost
           ,
           their
           Officers
           slaine
           ,
           and
           most
           of
           the
           common
           Souldiers
           already
           runne
           away
           .
           The
           Townesmen
           through
           feare
           durst
           not
           give
           the
           least
           intelligence
           of
           what
           had
           hapned
           .
           By
           which
           meanes
           they
           were
           past
           the
           recovery
           of
           our
           horse
           already
           tyred
           ,
           besides
           the
           night
           and
           darke
           weather
           hindred
           the
           pursuit
           .
           Onely
           we
           tooke
           some
           scattering
           foot
           ,
           to
           the
           number
           of
           foure
           and
           twenty
           ,
           with
           a
           Lieutenant
           .
           Upon
           our
           entrance
           we
           found
           eighteen
           barrels
           of
           Powder
           ,
           left
           by
           their
           haste
           ,
           an
           hundred
           &
           twenty
           skeyns
           of
           Match
           ,
           two
           hundred
           new
           Pikes
           ,
           foure
           &
           thirty
           large
           hand-Granadoes
           ,
           good
           store
           of
           Musket-shot
           ,
           and
           two
           brasse
           Drakes
           .
           Most
           of
           their
           Muskets
           were
           thrown
           about
           in
           the
           fields
           ,
           ditches
           ,
           and
           rivers
           ,
           many
           of
           which
           were
           afterwards
           found
           ,
           but
           the
           place
           it selfe
           was
           of
           greatest
           consequence
           ,
           and
           worthy
           of
           the
           service
           ,
           being
           now
           a
           strong
           Frontier-town
           securing
           that
           side
           of
           the
           County
           ,
           and
           commanding
           a
           good
           part
           of
           Worcestershire
           :
           and
           in
           this
           nicke
           of
           time
           extreamly
           crosse
           to
           the
           intentions
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           .
           The
           enemy
           confest
           themselves
           to
           be
           neer
           seven
           hundred
           strong
           ,
           when
           our
           whole
           body
           could
           not
           reach
           that
           number
           .
           That
           very
           day
           Colonell
           Myn
           was
           to
           march
           from
           Hereford
           to
           ayd
           this
           Town
           :
           but
           prevented
           by
           our
           possession
           .
        
         
           These
           things
           were
           acted
           here
           while
           the
           Earle
           of
           Essex
           and
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           lay
           neere
           Oxford
           with
           both
           their
           Armys
           ,
           and
           compelled
           His
           Majesty
           to
           withdraw
           himselfe
           from
           his
           strongest
           hold
           .
           The
           King
           having
           shifted
           between
           them
           both
           by
           a
           close
           and
           nimble
           conveyance
           ,
           and
           being
           on
           a
           swift
           march
           over
           Cotswood
           hils
           had
           this
           Town
           of
           Tewkesbury
           in
           his
           thoughts
           for
           his
           owne
           passe
           ,
           and
           a
           stop
           to
           the
           pursuing
           Army
           ,
           not
           understanding
           his
           losse
           till
           within
           a
           daies
           march
           of
           the
           place
           .
           The
           intelligence
           of
           this
           surprisall
           ,
           and
           that
           Upton-bridge
           was
           made
           unpassable
           ,
           perplexed
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           turned
           aside
           the
           course
           of
           his
           flight
           towards
           Evesham
           :
           where
           he
           quartered
           for
           a
           night
           ,
           and
           rose
           thence
           in
           great
           distraction
           ,
           and
           caused
           all
           the
           bridges
           in
           those
           parts
           to
           be
           broken
           down
           after
           him
           ,
           to
           hinder
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           in
           the
           pursuit
           ,
           
           whom
           he
           expected
           in
           the
           Reare
           every
           hower
           .
           In
           such
           a
           hurry
           ,
           confusion
           and
           feare
           did
           the
           Enemy
           run
           ,
           that
           a
           smaller
           party
           of
           horse
           only
           with
           the
           report
           of
           the
           foot
           comming
           after
           ,
           in
           a
           constant
           and
           close
           pursuit
           might
           have
           consumed
           and
           dissipated
           the
           whole
           army
           :
           which
           neverthelesse
           remained
           a
           body
           with
           life
           in
           it selfe
           ,
           and
           quickly
           grew
           up
           to
           the
           perfection
           of
           parts
           .
        
         
           The
           Governour
           had
           reduced
           these
           parts
           into
           a
           reasonable
           condition
           of
           ease
           ,
           and
           security
           ,
           made
           a
           convenient
           passe
           for
           the
           Parliaments
           forces
           through
           the
           heart
           of
           the
           Kings
           Country
           ,
           and
           blocked
           up
           the
           course
           of
           the
           Enemy
           almost
           on
           every
           side
           ,
           unlesse
           the
           maine
           Army
           did
           march
           .
           Malmesbury
           and
           Beverston-Castle
           lie
           in
           the
           Roade
           from
           Oxford
           to
           Bristoll
           ,
           and
           inforce
           the
           lesser
           parties
           to
           fetch
           a
           compasse
           by
           Worcester
           and
           Hereford
           ,
           thence
           round
           about
           into
           Wales
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           to
           passe
           the
           River
           of
           Severne
           below
           Berkely
           Castle
           .
        
         
           When
           the
           King
           had
           winded
           himselfe
           out
           of
           the
           snare
           ,
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           could
           not
           well
           follow
           the
           chase
           with
           his
           foot
           and
           a
           traine
           of
           Artillery
           ,
           though
           the
           horse
           might
           performe
           gallantly
           to
           the
           ruine
           of
           those
           who
           resolved
           rather
           to
           flie
           before
           them
           then
           fightupon
           any
           tearmes
           .
           Wherefore
           he
           made
           some
           pause
           by
           the
           way
           with
           a
           purpose
           to
           march
           his
           great
           Ordnance
           to
           Gloucester
           ,
           and
           appointed
           Colonell
           Massie
           to
           meet
           him
           before
           Sudeley
           ,
           where
           he
           performed
           an
           acceptable
           service
           to
           this
           Country
           .
           The
           Governour
           forth
           with
           faced
           the
           Castle
           ,
           beat
           in
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           and
           took
           twenty
           horses
           from
           under
           the
           Castle
           walls
           ,
           expecting
           the
           arrivall
           of
           Sir
           
             Wil.
             Waller
          
           :
           who
           came
           up
           within
           few
           houres
           with
           a
           strong
           party
           of
           Horse
           .
        
         
           The
           Enemy
           within
           discharged
           their
           Ordnance
           ,
           and
           fired
           their
           out-houses
           like
           men
           resolved
           upon
           extremities
           rather
           then
           to
           yeild
           up
           or
           lose
           the
           garison
           .
           In
           the
           evening
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           summoned
           the
           Governour
           of
           the
           Castle
           :
           and
           it
           fell
           out
           that
           the
           very
           name
           of
           his
           Army
           and
           presence
           strooke
           them
           to
           the
           surrender
           of
           that
           hold
           that
           might
           have
           expended
           the
           lives
           of
           many
           ,
           and
           much
           time
           then
           pretious
           in
           that
           great
           advantage
           on
           the
           Kings
           distressed
           Army
           :
           yet
           they
           refused
           to
           render
           at
           the
           first
           summons
           .
           The
           Battery
           was
           planted
           within
           halfe
           Musketshot
           .
           But
           the
           great
           pieces
           did
           little
           execution
           upon
           the
           soft
           and
           yeilding
           stone
           ,
           nor
           could
           the
           Castle
           be
           taken
           by
           battery
           :
           but
           one
           shot
           by
           chance
           took
           
           off
           the
           head
           of
           their
           Cannoneer
           ,
           and
           exceedingly
           daunted
           the
           common
           souldier
           :
           and
           the
           Governour
           Sir
           
             William
             Morton
          
           did
           in
           his
           owne
           thoughts
           incline
           to
           a
           surrender
           ,
           whether
           out
           of
           a
           naturall
           feare
           or
           free
           choice
           .
           He
           was
           knowne
           to
           be
           active
           and
           violent
           in
           the
           Kings
           service
           ,
           of
           an
           high
           spirit
           and
           bold
           ,
           bearing
           before
           him
           the
           semblance
           of
           valour
           and
           supposed
           by
           an
           high
           degree
           of
           enmity
           most
           obnoxious
           to
           the
           justice
           of
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           one
           that
           had
           the
           repute
           of
           a
           knowing
           man
           ,
           able
           in
           the
           profession
           of
           the
           Law
           ,
           and
           versed
           in
           the
           wayes
           and
           actions
           of
           men
           .
           He
           was
           likewise
           more
           strongly
           linked
           unto
           that
           cause
           by
           the
           late
           honour
           of
           Knighthood
           ,
           which
           by
           the
           State
           is
           held
           no
           better
           then
           a
           note
           of
           infamy
           ,
           to
           stigmatize
           those
           persons
           that
           have
           been
           eminent
           in
           the
           disservice
           of
           the
           common-Wealth
           .
           Notwithstanding
           this
           ,
           being
           lost
           and
           desperate
           in
           the
           opinion
           of
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           he
           gave
           up
           that
           strong
           hold
           and
           himselfe
           into
           their
           hands
           ,
           having
           not
           provided
           for
           the
           indempnity
           of
           his
           own
           person
           :
           when
           by
           his
           own
           party
           ,
           likewise
           he
           must
           needs
           be
           branded
           with
           treachery
           or
           cowardize
           ,
           and
           so
           lost
           on
           all
           hands
           .
           So
           that
           no
           faction
           seemes
           to
           be
           assured
           of
           its
           principall
           confidents
           ,
           and
           that
           no
           resolved
           nature
           or
           judgement
           can
           secure
           the
           strongest
           enterprize
           to
           a
           wise
           and
           honorable
           conclusion
           .
           After
           the
           surrender
           Sir
           William
           advanced
           thence
           to
           seek
           out
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           and
           left
           the
           Castle
           to
           be
           kept
           by
           the
           Gloucester
           forces
           .
        
         
           By
           this
           time
           the
           Enemy
           had
           no
           footing
           in
           the
           County
           save
           Berkely-Castle
           and
           Lidney
           house
           ;
           And
           as
           this
           government
           had
           by
           maine
           force
           gained
           every
           step
           of
           its
           command
           ,
           so
           no
           lesse
           skill
           and
           vertue
           is
           required
           to
           maintaine
           the
           victories
           ,
           we
           have
           the
           possession
           of
           
             Gloucester
             ,
             Tewkesbury
             ,
             Sudely
             ,
             Newneham
             ,
             Beverston
             ,
          
           and
           Slimbridge
           ,
           all
           to
           be
           defended
           and
           maintained
           at
           so
           great
           distances
           only
           by
           two
           Regiments
           of
           foot
           .
           For
           Malmesbury
           was
           kept
           by
           Colonell
           Deveraux
           his
           Regiment
           ,
           who
           was
           appointed
           Governour
           under
           the
           command
           of
           Colonell
           Massie
           ,
           unto
           whom
           the
           disposition
           and
           settlement
           of
           that
           garrison
           was
           intrusted
           by
           the
           Parliament
           .
           For
           want
           of
           money
           the
           City
           Regiments
           were
           weake
           and
           uncertaine
           in
           duty
           and
           service
           ,
           and
           the
           Souldiers
           ranne
           dayly
           to
           other
           garrisons
           ,
           where
           they
           found
           alwayes
           constant
           pay
           and
           lesse
           hardship
           :
           But
           the
           Governour
           
           could
           find
           none
           so
           rationall
           as
           to
           clap
           them
           in
           Irons
           ,
           or
           give
           them
           back
           to
           his
           justice
           .
           For
           this
           cause
           he
           was
           perplexed
           in
           each
           designe
           ,
           uncertaine
           of
           the
           atchievement
           ,
           and
           could
           not
           waite
           for
           a
           regular
           disposition
           ,
           and
           traine
           of
           circumstances
           :
           but
           nimble
           in
           the
           secret
           and
           sudden
           motions
           of
           the
           time
           and
           season
           :
           and
           sometrue
           resolving
           upon
           the
           sole
           guide
           of
           providence
           ,
           but
           in
           this
           never
           running
           a
           greater
           hazard
           then
           the
           shame
           of
           a
           non-performanee
           .
           These
           many
           garrisons
           having
           taken
           up
           the
           whole
           strength
           ;
           for
           want
           of
           a
           marching
           brigade
           ,
           we
           were
           deprived
           of
           the
           fruit
           of
           our
           labours
           in
           the
           supplies
           of
           monies
           to
           be
           commanded
           out
           of
           the
           Enemies
           quarters
           ,
           and
           disabled
           to
           relieve
           the
           remote
           parts
           that
           were
           by
           this
           time
           united
           under
           the
           power
           of
           this
           government
           .
           So
           that
           the
           first
           fruits
           were
           nipt
           in
           the
           bud
           ,
           and
           we
           remaine
           miserable
           after
           so
           great
           enlargements
           ,
           being
           inforced
           to
           cry
           to
           the
           Parliament
           for
           help
           ,
           which
           we
           should
           have
           held
           a
           disparagement
           ,
           had
           we
           received
           a
           stock
           to
           improve
           to
           a
           larger
           support
           ,
           and
           livelyhood
           .
           Wherefore
           the
           house
           of
           Commons
           taking
           notice
           of
           the
           many
           good
           services
           of
           Colonell
           Massie
           ,
           made
           an
           Order
           for
           the
           recrute
           of
           his
           Regiment
           of
           horse
           and
           foot
           in
           the
           first
           place
           ,
           and
           to
           make
           up
           a
           competent
           Brigade
           ,
           Colonell
           
             Tho.
             Stephens
          
           had
           commission
           for
           a
           Regiment
           of
           horse
           ,
           and
           Colonell
           
             Edward
             Harley
          
           for
           a
           Regiment
           of
           foot
           .
           In
           which
           businesse
           the
           Governour
           advised
           ,
           not
           to
           raise
           men
           and
           horse
           at
           Londm
           ,
           whither
           the
           refuse
           of
           the
           Army
           ,
           runnegadoes
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           disliked
           the
           conditions
           of
           their
           former
           entertainment
           were
           wont
           to
           repaire
           ,
           but
           only
           to
           procure
           monies
           to
           be
           sent
           into
           the
           Country
           ,
           where
           horses
           might
           be
           raysed
           at
           a
           cheaper
           rate
           ,
           and
           able
           men
           were
           easy
           to
           be
           found
           ,
           and
           chiefly
           where
           we
           might
           robbe
           the
           Enemy
           of
           their
           maine
           strength
           ,
           from
           whom
           great
           multitudes
           were
           ready
           to
           flow
           in
           upon
           the
           hopes
           of
           entertainment
           .
           And
           before
           this
           time
           since
           the
           late
           siege
           at
           least
           a
           thousand
           of
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           that
           here
           tendred
           themselves
           to
           the
           service
           ,
           went
           from
           us
           for
           lack
           of
           pay
           .
           This
           was
           a
           speedy
           course
           and
           effectuall
           ,
           which
           might
           carry
           on
           the
           worke
           whilst
           we
           were
           in
           a
           thriving
           way
           .
        
         
           At
           that
           time
           the
           affaires
           of
           the
           garrison
           were
           a
           little
           enterwoven
           with
           some
           passages
           of
           the
           greater
           Army
           ,
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           was
           led
           into
           the
           Northerne
           parts
           ,
           in
           the
           pursuit
           of
           His
           
           Majestie
           ,
           straining
           to
           reach
           or
           get
           beyond
           him
           .
           But
           the
           King
           doubled
           in
           the
           chace
           ,
           hasted
           back
           by
           Worcester
           towards
           Oxford
           ,
           and
           left
           Sir
           William
           a
           few
           dayes
           march
           in
           the
           Rear
           ,
           who
           neverthelesse
           made
           after
           with
           all
           speed
           ,
           but
           was
           constrained
           to
           rest
           at
           Gloucester
           to
           refresh
           his
           weary
           Souldiers
           .
           And
           purposing
           to
           fall
           upon
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           importuned
           the
           Governor
           to
           lend
           his
           assistance
           ,
           which
           was
           extracted
           out
           of
           the
           extreme
           penury
           of
           these
           parts
           ,
           onely
           for
           a
           quick
           dispatch
           .
           Two
           hundred
           and
           seventy
           Muskettiers
           with
           a
           Company
           of
           Dragoons
           were
           sent
           from
           Gloucester
           ,
           and
           a
           hundred
           Muskettiers
           from
           Malmsbury
           which
           did
           not
           a
           little
           necessitate
           the
           place
           ,
           and
           stop
           the
           actions
           of
           this
           command
           which
           had
           so
           many
           Garrisons
           to
           make
           good
           ,
           and
           defend
           the
           Countrey
           from
           the
           neighbouring
           Enemy
           that
           began
           to
           threaten
           from
           every
           quarter
           .
        
         
           At
           this
           time
           there
           happened
           a
           dispute
           between
           the
           Kings
           Army
           and
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           at
           a
           Bridge
           neer
           Banbury
           :
           where
           some
           few
           were
           slain
           ,
           and
           taken
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           but
           on
           ours
           the
           chief
           miscarriage
           was
           the
           losse
           of
           some
           Ordnance
           .
           After
           this
           brush
           the
           King
           marched
           off
           into
           the
           borders
           of
           Worcestershire
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           towards
           Buckingham
           ,
           to
           joyn
           with
           Collonel
           Browne
           .
           Our
           Countrey
           is
           in
           danger
           of
           ruine
           by
           the
           falling
           down
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           whose
           main
           body
           lay
           for
           a
           while
           about
           Breedon
           three
           miles
           from
           Tewkesbury
           :
           where
           his
           Majestie
           being
           informed
           of
           the
           weaknesse
           of
           the
           place
           ,
           drew
           neer
           with
           a
           purpose
           to
           storme
           it
           ,
           advanced
           the
           Ordnance
           within
           a
           mile
           ,
           and
           sent
           out
           parties
           to
           skirmish
           .
           Collonel
           Massie
           upon
           the
           first
           intelligence
           clapt
           into
           the
           Town
           two
           hundred
           Muskettiers
           ,
           for
           an
           additionall
           strength
           ,
           and
           to
           incourage
           those
           within
           :
           Himself
           in
           the
           mean
           while
           with
           a
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           Muskettiers
           in
           Cos●●awne
           waited
           to
           encounter
           with
           an
           other
           party
           of
           the
           Worcester
           forces
           ,
           whom
           he
           staved
           off
           with
           the
           losse
           of
           five
           or
           six
           men
           neer
           Vpton
           bridge
           ,
           and
           passed
           over
           Seavern
           to
           Tewksbury
           .
           Upon
           notice
           hereof
           ,
           the
           Enemy
           drew
           thence
           ,
           and
           retreated
           towards
           Parshowe
           ,
           and
           Evesham
           .
           There
           the
           King
           pretended
           to
           passe
           over
           the
           River
           into
           Herefordshire
           and
           Wales
           ,
           and
           gave
           command
           that
           all
           the
           Bridges
           should
           be
           made
           up
           ,
           but
           his
           designe
           lay
           Westward
           .
           Wherefore
           he
           made
           up
           the
           hils
           ,
           marched
           
           the
           first
           day
           in
           the
           view
           of
           Shudely
           Castle
           over
           the
           Downes
           ,
           and
           came
           that
           night
           to
           Cubberly
           seven
           miles
           from
           Gloucester
           ,
           and
           from
           thence
           marched
           the
           next
           day
           by
           Beverstone
           Castle
           to
           Sodbury
           .
           They
           went
           on
           like
           a
           flying
           Army
           ,
           surprised
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           but
           they
           onely
           touched
           and
           away
           ;
           And
           our
           weak
           troops
           drove
           in
           the
           stragling
           plunderers
           .
           For
           the
           Governor
           commanded
           a
           party
           of
           horse
           to
           follow
           the
           Reare
           of
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           whilest
           the
           rest
           were
           imployed
           in
           a
           necessary
           defence
           in
           sundry
           places
           .
           These
           did
           seem
           to
           give
           them
           a
           gentle
           convoy
           over
           the
           hill
           Countrey
           towards
           Bristoll
           ;
           and
           though
           the
           Van
           of
           their
           horse
           were
           too
           nimble
           for
           us
           ,
           and
           drove
           great
           store
           of
           the
           garrison
           cattell
           ,
           that
           lay
           in
           their
           way
           ,
           yet
           the
           Countrey-men
           were
           saved
           from
           any
           great
           matter
           of
           losse
           ,
           and
           the
           parties
           of
           horse
           brought
           into
           our
           garison
           between
           50
           and
           60
           prisoners
           ,
           officers
           and
           souldiers
           ;
           and
           though
           they
           could
           not
           retard
           the
           march
           ,
           yet
           made
           them
           passe
           forward
           with
           much
           watines
           and
           fear
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           while
           Coll
           :
           Min
           ,
           together
           with
           Sir
           
             John
             Winters
          
           forces
           take
           the
           advantage
           of
           our
           weaknes
           to
           spoil
           and
           destroy
           our
           friends
           on
           the
           Forrest
           side
           ,
           Sir
           
             William
             Russell
          
           and
           the
           Governor
           of
           Worcester
           make
           incursions
           on
           that
           side
           .
           And
           the
           garison
           oppressed
           with
           many
           out-guards
           ,
           and
           multitudes
           of
           prisoners
           within
           ,
           had
           much
           ado
           to
           preserve
           the
           neighbours
           from
           ruine
           .
           Collonel
           Min
           advanced
           from
           Rosse
           ,
           where
           he
           quartered
           his
           regiment
           ,
           within
           half
           a
           mile
           of
           the
           City
           ,
           drove
           away
           the
           Countrey
           cattell
           ,
           and
           took
           the
           persons
           of
           many
           .
           And
           the
           forces
           of
           Berkely
           Castle
           act
           a
           sufficient
           part
           in
           the
           generall
           mischief
           .
           The
           Governor
           looks
           round
           about
           him
           ,
           and
           though
           he
           cannot
           hope
           to
           lay
           them
           flat
           ,
           and
           subdue
           their
           spirits
           ,
           yet
           he
           can
           check
           their
           insolence
           ,
           &
           make
           them
           stand
           on
           their
           guard
           .
           He
           commanded
           a
           party
           of
           horse
           and
           Dragoons
           towards
           Berkley
           ,
           who
           fell
           upon
           the
           guard
           of
           the
           Town
           ,
           beat
           them
           into
           the
           Castle
           ,
           slew
           eight
           or
           ten
           ,
           took
           prisoners
           Captain
           Sandys
           with
           a
           Lieutenant
           ,
           Ensigne
           ,
           Sargeant
           ,
           and
           seven
           common
           Souldiers
           ;
           whence
           likewise
           they
           brought
           away
           fourty
           or
           fifty
           arms
           ,
           and
           took
           from
           out
           of
           the
           Park
           under
           the
           Castle
           wall
           about
           fiftie
           horses
           with
           other
           cattell
           .
           An
           other
           party
           was
           commanded
           within
           foure
           miles
           of
           Worcester
           ,
           and
           surprised
           in
           their
           quarters
           
           Sir
           
             Humphrey
             Tracy
          
           ,
           Lieu
           :
           Coll
           :
           Hely
           ,
           and
           Captain
           Savage
           ,
           and
           brought
           them
           prisoners
           to
           Gloucester
           .
        
         
           By
           this
           time
           an
           increase
           is
           added
           to
           the
           garrison
           forces
           by
           the
           arrival
           of
           Col
           :
           Stephens
           with
           three
           troops
           of
           horse
           ,
           and
           two
           troops
           of
           Coll
           :
           Harlyes
           Regiment
           ,
           which
           did
           inable
           the
           Governour
           once
           more
           to
           appear
           in
           the
           field
           :
           and
           draw
           out
           against
           Collonel
           Min
           ,
           a
           serious
           and
           active
           Enemy
           ,
           and
           a
           perpetuall
           terror
           to
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           whose
           ruine
           was
           again
           contrived
           ,
           and
           resolved
           upon
           .
           And
           for
           this
           designe
           strong
           preparations
           were
           made
           by
           the
           Enemy
           round
           about
           .
           The
           Governor
           had
           some
           discovery
           out
           of
           their
           own
           quarters
           ,
           and
           upon
           advertisement
           that
           some
           forces
           out
           of
           Hereford
           and
           Wales
           went
           over
           the
           River
           at
           Aust
           passage
           ,
           advanced
           with
           his
           horse
           towards
           Berkly
           Castle
           ,
           and
           thence
           to
           the
           passage
           ,
           where
           they
           missed
           not
           half
           an
           houre
           of
           the
           surprisall
           of
           the
           Lord
           Herbert
           .
           The
           notice
           of
           the
           march
           of
           our
           horse
           into
           the
           remote
           parts
           of
           the
           County
           hastned
           Mins
           expedition
           for
           Gloucestershire
           .
           And
           our
           intelligence
           abroad
           gave
           a
           timely
           advertisement
           of
           the
           work
           in
           hand
           ,
           which
           a
           little
           after
           was
           fully
           confirm'd
           by
           letters
           taken
           out
           of
           Collonel
           Mins
           pocket
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           that
           Hereford
           and
           Worcestershire
           were
           to
           joyn
           their
           forces
           about
           Cosselawne
           ,
           and
           with
           an
           over-powering
           Army
           to
           march
           up
           to
           the
           gates
           of
           Gloucester
           ,
           to
           the
           utter
           devastation
           of
           the
           parts
           adjacent
           with
           fire
           and
           plunder
           ,
           and
           to
           burn
           up
           the
           corn
           on
           the
           ground
           ,
           it
           being
           then
           neer
           harvest
           .
           Hereupon
           the
           Governor
           marched
           back
           with
           his
           troops
           to
           Gloucester
           ,
           from
           whence
           he
           commanded
           two
           hundred
           and
           twenty
           Musketiers
           ,
           and
           ordered
           an
           hundred
           Muskettiers
           from
           Tewksbury
           to
           meet
           him
           on
           the
           march
           ,
           to
           prevent
           this
           great
           noised
           Army
           .
        
         
           Whilest
           the
           orders
           for
           the
           march
           were
           giving
           forth
           to
           the
           Officers
           of
           horse
           and
           foot
           ,
           there
           fell
           out
           a
           sad
           accident
           between
           Major
           Gray
           ,
           and
           Major
           Hammond
           ,
           which
           was
           like
           to
           dash
           the
           whole
           action
           .
           The
           heat
           of
           a
           quarrell
           then
           brake
           forth
           by
           occasion
           of
           a
           verball
           contestation
           at
           a
           Councell
           of
           Warre
           the
           same
           day
           ,
           when
           both
           had
           orders
           to
           march
           ,
           and
           were
           commanded
           to
           their
           particular
           charges
           .
           Major
           Gray
           began
           to
           question
           Hammond
           for
           his
           hasty
           language
           ,
           and
           to
           require
           satisfaction
           .
           This
           challenge
           at
           the
           present
           was
           refused
           or
           sleighted
           ,
           
           wherefore
           impatient
           of
           the
           supposed
           injury
           ,
           and
           full
           of
           revenge
           ,
           he
           smote
           him
           on
           the
           face
           with
           his
           fist
           :
           upon
           this
           to
           swords
           they
           went
           in
           the
           street
           ,
           and
           after
           a
           little
           clashing
           ,
           Gray
           received
           his
           deaths
           wound
           by
           a
           thrust
           in
           the
           neck
           ,
           and
           expired
           in
           the
           place
           .
           This
           miserable
           accident
           was
           like
           to
           beget
           a
           greater
           mischief
           among
           the
           Souldiers
           ,
           who
           being
           in
           Arms
           ,
           and
           ready
           to
           advance
           ,
           came
           back
           with
           full
           streame
           of
           violent
           resolution
           for
           the
           present
           revenge
           of
           Grays
           blood
           :
           that
           the
           whole
           City
           and
           garrison
           was
           not
           farre
           from
           an
           uproar
           .
           It
           rested
           on
           the
           Governors
           sole
           care
           to
           allay
           that
           violence
           of
           the
           Souldier
           ,
           who
           used
           his
           best
           art
           ,
           and
           industry
           to
           appease
           them
           ,
           whilest
           the
           Officers
           indulging
           their
           own
           discontent
           at
           the
           losse
           of
           their
           Major
           ,
           fell
           quite
           off
           the
           hinges
           :
           After
           an
           houres
           dispute
           ,
           and
           intreaty
           the
           tumult
           was
           in
           some
           measure
           qualified
           ,
           that
           the
           most
           were
           perswaded
           to
           march
           ,
           as
           it
           was
           high
           time
           ,
           when
           the
           Enemy
           came
           on
           within
           three
           miles
           of
           the
           City
           with
           a
           resolution
           if
           not
           to
           lay
           waste
           by
           fire
           (
           as
           they
           threatned
           )
           yet
           to
           plunder
           and
           take
           away
           the
           persons
           of
           men
           ,
           their
           goods
           and
           cattell
           .
           The
           businesse
           was
           put
           forwards
           ,
           but
           with
           little
           help
           from
           the
           discontented
           Officers
           .
           Late
           in
           the
           afternoon
           our
           party
           began
           to
           advance
           ,
           and
           at
           
             High
             leaden
          
           passage
           got
           over
           the
           brook
           .
           The
           Enemy
           were
           quartered
           in
           Hartpury
           field
           ,
           and
           commanded
           to
           lie
           close
           .
           Our
           men
           came
           up
           to
           a
           bridge
           within
           a
           quarter
           of
           a
           mile
           of
           them
           in
           the
           dark
           night
           ,
           gave
           them
           an
           alarme
           ,
           and
           took
           ten
           prisoners
           ,
           and
           an
           other
           party
           of
           our
           horse
           that
           quartered
           neer
           the
           Lawne
           took
           divers
           that
           were
           sent
           that
           way
           to
           plunder
           .
           But
           their
           main
           body
           evaded
           us
           ,
           and
           with
           great
           speed
           marched
           that
           night
           to
           Redmarley
           ,
           and
           we
           after
           a
           tedious
           wandring
           to
           find
           them
           out
           came
           to
           Eldersfield
           two
           miles
           from
           their
           quarters
           ,
           where
           we
           rested
           two
           or
           three
           houres
           to
           refresh
           ourselves
           and
           horses
           .
        
         
           At
           break
           of
           day
           we
           prepared
           to
           advance
           upon
           the
           enemy
           ,
           when
           the
           beating
           of
           their
           Drums
           minded
           us
           of
           an
           early
           march
           :
           and
           by
           six
           of
           the
           clock
           we
           came
           up
           to
           their
           randezvous
           ,
           their
           horse
           consisted
           of
           an
           hundred
           and
           sixty
           ,
           and
           their
           foot
           of
           eight
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           :
           and
           of
           them
           six
           hundred
           and
           fourty
           Muskettiers
           by
           their
           own
           confession
           :
           all
           drawn
           up
           into
           
           battalions
           ,
           and
           the
           hedges
           lined
           with
           Muskettiers
           .
           To
           beat
           them
           out
           of
           their
           advantages
           the
           Governor
           divided
           the
           Foot
           into
           two
           bodies
           ,
           and
           drew
           out
           the
           Horse
           into
           single
           troops
           ,
           because
           the
           frequent
           inclosures
           would
           not
           make
           roome
           for
           a
           larger
           forme
           (
           the
           Enemy
           in
           the
           mean
           while
           plying
           us
           with
           small
           shot
           )
           and
           having
           disposed
           of
           his
           own
           troop
           ,
           with
           the
           hundred
           Muskettiers
           from
           Tewkesbury
           newly
           come
           in
           ,
           and
           many
           of
           the
           Countrey
           inhabitants
           armed
           with
           Muskets
           ,
           and
           good
           resolutions
           to
           one
           part
           of
           the
           Town
           ,
           he
           drew
           the
           Gloucester
           Muskettiers
           about
           an
           hundred
           and
           sixty
           (
           for
           the
           rest
           remained
           at
           home
           ready
           to
           raise
           a
           mutiny
           for
           the
           misfortune
           of
           Grayes
           death
           )
           and
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           the
           horse
           to
           an
           other
           place
           of
           best
           advantage
           .
           Himself
           advanced
           with
           this
           party
           ,
           and
           led
           the
           Van
           ,
           which
           consisted
           of
           three
           troops
           :
           these
           were
           seconded
           with
           three
           other
           troops
           left
           to
           the
           command
           of
           Captain
           Backhowse
           .
           Some
           of
           the
           Foot
           were
           placed
           in
           each
           Flank
           of
           the
           Horse
           ,
           and
           one
           single
           troop
           with
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           foot
           brought
           up
           the
           Reare
           .
           They
           were
           drawn
           out
           into
           this
           posture
           ,
           marched
           up
           to
           the
           face
           of
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           the
           Governor
           in
           the
           Van
           ,
           next
           unto
           him
           Collonel
           Harley
           in
           the
           head
           of
           his
           own
           troop
           ,
           gallantly
           ,
           and
           in
           good
           order
           ,
           gave
           the
           charge
           ,
           beat
           them
           from
           their
           ambuscadoes
           ,
           put
           their
           horse
           to
           flight
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           instant
           of
           time
           got
           into
           the
           Van
           of
           their
           foot
           ,
           cut
           down
           ,
           and
           took
           them
           prisoners
           ,
           that
           few
           escaped
           our
           hands
           .
           The
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           ,
           both
           Officers
           and
           Souldiers
           ,
           plaid
           their
           parts
           with
           resolution
           and
           gallantry
           .
           The
           Enemy
           was
           left
           to
           our
           execution
           ,
           and
           their
           whole
           body
           broken
           and
           shattered
           ,
           many
           wounded
           and
           slain
           ,
           but
           more
           taken
           .
           Major
           Generall
           Min
           was
           slain
           on
           the
           place
           with
           an
           hundred
           and
           seventy
           .
           Among
           the
           Officers
           ,
           Leiftenant
           Collonel
           Passy
           then
           mortally
           wounded
           ,
           Major
           Buller
           ,
           seven
           Captains
           ,
           foure
           Leiftenants
           ,
           five
           Ensignes
           ,
           twelve
           Sergeants
           ,
           and
           neer
           three
           hundred
           common
           Souldiers
           were
           taken
           prisoners
           .
           Some
           troops
           advanced
           in
           the
           pursuit
           fiue
           miles
           from
           the
           place
           of
           the
           sight
           ;
           but
           upon
           the
           view
           of
           a
           strong
           party
           from
           Worcester
           that
           came
           to
           joyn
           with
           Collonel
           Min
           ,
           they
           were
           enforced
           to
           leave
           the
           pursuit
           ,
           and
           prepare
           for
           a
           second
           encounter
           .
           And
           a
           strange
           hand
           of
           providence
           kept
           
           asunder
           the
           Hereford
           and
           Worcester
           forces
           ,
           whose
           joyning
           would
           have
           proved
           unto
           us
           an
           inevitable
           destruction
           .
           For
           Leiftenant
           Collonel
           Passie
           ,
           who
           commanded
           this
           fresh
           partie
           of
           an
           hundred
           ,
           and
           fiftie
           horse
           and
           five
           hundred
           foot
           ,
           just
           upon
           the
           beginning
           of
           the
           fight
           was
           riding
           up
           to
           Mins
           Brigade
           to
           bring
           news
           of
           their
           arrivall
           ,
           but
           happily
           intercepted
           ,
           and
           wounded
           by
           our
           Scouts
           ,
           and
           left
           for
           dead
           .
           So
           that
           neither
           Enemy
           had
           the
           knowledge
           of
           each
           others
           condition
           ;
           But
           the
           Worcester
           forces
           advanced
           within
           two
           flight
           shot
           of
           the
           place
           ,
           whilest
           our
           men
           were
           scattered
           here
           and
           there
           in
           the
           chase
           of
           a
           vanquished
           Enemy
           ,
           nor
           did
           the
           Governor
           when
           the
           first
           brunt
           was
           over
           ,
           expect
           an
           after-birth
           .
        
         
           The
           first
           discovery
           was
           made
           by
           Collonel
           Broughton
           ,
           and
           Captain
           Backhowse
           ,
           upon
           whom
           a
           blunt
           fellow
           charged
           up
           from
           the
           head
           of
           the
           main
           body
           in
           the
           entrance
           of
           a
           crosse-lane
           .
           Him
           they
           surprised
           in
           the
           name
           of
           friends
           ,
           drew
           him
           aside
           from
           the
           view
           of
           the
           company
           ,
           and
           informed
           themselves
           of
           the
           strength
           at
           hand
           .
           Forthwith
           they
           make
           a
           noise
           in
           the
           Enemies
           hearing
           ,
           pretending
           to
           fall
           on
           with
           a
           body
           of
           ours
           ready
           for
           a
           charge
           ,
           by
           the
           sudden
           out-cry
           daunted
           and
           drove
           back
           that
           strong
           party
           ,
           and
           made
           way
           for
           the
           Governors
           retreat
           ,
           and
           those
           with
           him
           ,
           which
           were
           now
           dispersed
           ,
           secure
           of
           the
           victory
           ,
           and
           following
           the
           chase
           .
           Our
           stragling
           persuers
           were
           gathered
           together
           ,
           drew
           back
           to
           the
           place
           of
           the
           fight
           ,
           and
           there
           expected
           the
           charge
           ,
           choosing
           rather
           to
           make
           good
           the
           victory
           atchieved
           upon
           so
           great
           hazard
           and
           disadvantage
           ,
           then
           venture
           all
           by
           seeking
           out
           a
           fresh
           and
           doubtfull
           Enemy
           with
           our
           few
           and
           weary
           Souldiers
           .
           Onely
           three
           or
           foure
           slain
           ,
           five
           or
           six
           wounded
           ,
           amongst
           whom
           Collonel
           Harley
           received
           a
           shot
           in
           the
           arme
           .
           The
           successe
           of
           this
           designe
           cut
           off
           the
           maine
           strength
           of
           the
           Kings
           forces
           in
           South-wales
           :
           and
           secured
           the
           Countrey
           from
           our
           plundering
           neighbours
           on
           the
           Welch
           side
           .
           The
           body
           of
           Collonel
           Min
           was
           brought
           to
           Gloucester
           ,
           and
           vouchsafed
           an
           honorable
           buriall
           .
           His
           death
           was
           by
           his
           own
           party
           much
           lamented
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           losse
           of
           a
           brave
           Regiment
           that
           were
           commanded
           from
           Ireland
           to
           fight
           here
           a
           gainst
           the
           justice
           of
           that
           cause
           ,
           upon
           which
           the
           Irish
           war
           
           was
           held
           up
           ,
           and
           owned
           by
           the
           whole
           Kingdom
           .
           And
           it
           hath
           been
           observed
           ,
           that
           as
           the
           Irish
           Pacification
           was
           unlucky
           and
           reproachfull
           to
           the
           outside
           of
           the
           Kings
           actions
           amongst
           his
           Protestant
           party
           ;
           so
           the
           Commanders
           that
           came
           thence
           were
           unfortunate
           in
           all
           their
           designes
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           end
           miserable
           .
        
         
           When
           the
           Governor
           had
           setled
           his
           affaires
           at
           home
           in
           reasonable
           security
           ,
           his
           desires
           and
           aime
           was
           to
           put
           in
           for
           the
           advantage
           of
           a
           more
           generall
           service
           :
           and
           pitched
           upon
           these
           two
           proposals
           ,
           the
           one
           to
           make
           a
           diversion
           from
           the
           Lord
           Generals
           Army
           then
           blocked
           up
           in
           the
           West
           ,
           the
           other
           to
           keep
           back
           Prince
           Ruperts
           stragling
           forces
           which
           then
           lay
           between
           Shrewsbury
           and
           Worcester
           a
           little
           after
           the
           great
           Northern
           defeat
           .
           And
           these
           the
           Prince
           earnestly
           desired
           ,
           that
           upon
           this
           rubbish
           he
           might
           frame
           an
           Army
           for
           the
           close
           of
           the
           Summer
           action
           .
        
         
           Wherefore
           if
           possible
           to
           endeavour
           a
           diversion
           from
           the
           West-parts
           ,
           the
           Governor
           drew
           towards
           Bath
           with
           one
           hundred
           horse
           and
           foot
           (
           the
           Forces
           lent
           to
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           being
           in
           part
           returned
           )
           with
           a
           purpose
           to
           disturbe
           the
           Kings
           quarters
           ,
           and
           withdraw
           a
           part
           of
           the
           maine
           Army
           to
           inable
           Bristoll
           and
           Bath
           .
           On
           the
           hils
           likewise
           he
           might
           expect
           to
           encounter
           Prince
           Rupert
           from
           Bristoll
           ,
           who
           fled
           thither
           with
           about
           three
           hundred
           horse
           presently
           after
           the
           discomsit
           in
           the
           North.
           But
           within
           a
           few
           dayes
           upon
           advertisement
           of
           the
           miscarriage
           and
           disaster
           of
           the
           Lord
           Generals
           Army
           ,
           he
           drew
           back
           ,
           and
           the
           rather
           having
           intelligence
           that
           the
           Prince
           had
           commanded
           Collonel
           
             Charles
             Gerrard
          
           out
           of
           Wales
           ,
           and
           the
           reliques
           of
           his
           own
           Army
           to
           break
           their
           way
           through
           our
           countrey
           into
           the
           Western
           parts
           .
           These
           were
           reported
           to
           lie
           neer
           Worcester
           ,
           waiting
           there
           for
           a
           clear
           passe
           ,
           and
           by
           all
           means
           to
           escape
           Collonel
           Massie
           .
           They
           were
           to
           take
           their
           course
           over
           Coltswold
           Hils
           ,
           or
           by
           the
           borders
           of
           Herefordshire
           to
           make
           into
           the
           Forrest
           of
           Deaue
           ,
           and
           thence
           over
           the
           River
           at
           Aust.
           Wherfore
           the
           Governors
           maine
           businesse
           was
           to
           prevent
           this
           this
           Conjunction
           ,
           and
           block
           up
           either
           passage
           .
           In
           his
           retreat
           towards
           Gloucester
           ,
           he
           fell
           down
           before
           Berkely
           and
           lodged
           his
           men
           two
           dayes
           in
           the
           Town
           ,
           summoned
           the
           Castle
           ,
           and
           made
           
           shew
           of
           an
           assault
           ;
           but
           this
           was
           taken
           up
           in
           the
           way
           besides
           the
           intention
           of
           the
           designe
           ,
           and
           though
           the
           losse
           of
           six
           or
           eight
           men
           by
           their
           own
           folly
           gave
           Collonel
           Veale
           occasion
           of
           boasting
           ,
           yet
           for
           all
           the
           pretended
           great
           service
           in
           maintaining
           the
           place
           that
           was
           never
           attempted
           ,
           he
           was
           immediately
           after
           cashered
           that
           Government
           by
           the
           Princes
           order
           .
           But
           before
           Collonel
           Massie
           drew
           thence
           ,
           he
           caused
           the
           boats
           to
           be
           fired
           at
           Aust
           passage
           :
           and
           intending
           to
           passe
           over
           Seaverne
           at
           Frampton
           to
           meet
           Prince
           Ruperts
           Forces
           ,
           received
           an
           alarme
           that
           they
           were
           already
           in
           
             Gosse
             Lawne
          
           ,
           whereupon
           our
           marching
           Brigade
           hasted
           to
           Gloucester
           ,
           where
           they
           found
           that
           many
           of
           those
           troops
           under
           the
           command
           of
           Sir
           
             Marmaduke
             Langdale
          
           were
           newly
           come
           into
           Herefordshire
           ,
           and
           that
           a
           party
           of
           them
           joyning
           with
           Collonel
           Lingens
           horse
           had
           advanced
           within
           six
           miles
           of
           the
           City
           of
           spoil
           and
           plunder
           those
           Parishes
           that
           were
           joyned
           in
           one
           Association
           to
           a
           mutuall
           defence
           ,
           and
           the
           aid
           of
           this
           Government
           .
        
         
           The
           Governor
           persued
           his
           designe
           drew
           forth
           towards
           the
           Lawne
           ,
           and
           stopped
           their
           course
           on
           that
           side
           Seaverne
           .
           Where
           upon
           they
           took
           their
           course
           through
           Worcester
           ,
           where
           they
           obtained
           an
           additionall
           strength
           from
           Collonel
           Sandys
           his
           horse
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             William
             Russels
          
           horse
           and
           foot
           ,
           with
           all
           the
           foot
           that
           Dudly
           Castle
           and
           those
           parts
           could
           afford
           them
           .
           And
           now
           conceiving
           themselves
           able
           both
           in
           power
           and
           advantage
           of
           the
           march
           ,
           having
           (
           as
           they
           supposed
           )
           left
           Collonel
           Massie
           beyond
           Seaverne
           ,
           and
           too
           farre
           in
           the
           Reare
           to
           reach
           them
           ,
           resolved
           to
           break
           forth
           ,
           hoping
           both
           to
           passe
           clear
           ,
           and
           relieve
           Banbury
           in
           the
           way
           .
           But
           the
           Governor
           being
           certified
           of
           their
           march
           ,
           forthwith
           conveyed
           his
           men
           over
           Seaverne
           at
           Tewkesbury
           ,
           and
           recovered
           the
           hils
           as
           farre
           as
           Stanway
           ,
           and
           got
           before
           them
           ,
           in
           the
           meane
           while
           gave
           notice
           to
           the
           Major
           of
           the
           Earle
           of
           Denbighs
           horse
           ,
           that
           lay
           neer
           Tewkesbury
           in
           Worcestershire
           ,
           who
           the
           Jame
           day
           brought
           up
           two
           hundred
           horse
           to
           joyn
           with
           our
           party
           on
           the
           hils
           .
           Neverthelesse
           the
           Governor
           understanding
           nothing
           ,
           but
           that
           the
           Enemy
           was
           marched
           to
           
             Stratford
             upon
             Avon
          
           ,
           and
           so
           beyond
           his
           reach
           ,
           sent
           back
           the
           Foot
           almost
           tyred
           with
           tedious
           and
           continuall
           marches
           ,
           and
           with
           his
           
           horse
           resolved
           to
           joyn
           with
           Collonel
           Fines
           at
           Banbury
           .
           But
           he
           found
           at
           the
           return
           of
           the
           Scouts
           ,
           that
           about
           five
           hundred
           horse
           neer
           at
           that
           instant
           got
           over
           the
           River
           on
           this
           fide
           Evesham
           ,
           and
           made
           their
           approach
           neer
           his
           quarters
           ,
           and
           that
           a
           party
           of
           Foot
           were
           left
           at
           the
           Bridge
           to
           make
           good
           the
           repasse
           ;
           one
           half
           of
           the
           Forces
           in
           the
           mean
           while
           lying
           at
           Evesham
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           neer
           Parshowe
           .
           Our
           men
           appearing
           on
           the
           hils
           ,
           the
           Enemy
           took
           the
           alarme
           retreated
           suddenly
           ,
           and
           for
           a
           while
           lodged
           themselves
           beyond
           Worcester
           .
           Their
           number
           was
           computed
           by
           such
           as
           beheld
           them
           to
           be
           about
           five
           and
           twenty
           hundred
           horse
           ,
           ill
           armed
           ,
           and
           the
           surviving
           part
           of
           the
           ruines
           of
           the
           Northern
           Army
           .
           Again
           to
           prevent
           their
           incursions
           into
           the
           remote
           parts
           of
           the
           County
           beyond
           Seaverne
           ,
           a
           competent
           strength
           of
           horse
           and
           foot
           were
           commanded
           over
           ,
           and
           withall
           to
           attend
           the
           Enemies
           motion
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           midst
           of
           this
           and
           other
           designes
           of
           consequence
           at
           that
           time
           depending
           ,
           the
           Governor
           with
           all
           the
           Officers
           of
           horse
           and
           foot
           were
           much
           distressed
           for
           lack
           of
           that
           support
           ,
           which
           the
           necessity
           of
           the
           service
           did
           require
           ,
           and
           the
           extreme
           want
           of
           the
           common
           Troopers
           drove
           them
           daily
           away
           .
           Every
           performance
           in
           the
           whole
           course
           of
           this
           Government
           was
           filled
           with
           much
           distempers
           :
           and
           though
           the
           exigence
           of
           the
           Souldier
           hath
           been
           great
           in
           many
           places
           ,
           yet
           the
           gleanings
           of
           other
           Brigades
           have
           been
           better
           then
           our
           vintage
           .
           No
           Officer
           had
           any
           portion
           in
           the
           Contribution
           money
           :
           no
           pay
           for
           the
           troops
           for
           many
           moneths
           together
           ,
           no
           allowance
           for
           Scout
           ,
           Spie
           ,
           or
           Intelligencer
           ,
           who
           observe
           onely
           the
           liberall
           and
           open
           handed
           ,
           nor
           the
           hopes
           of
           reward
           to
           incourage
           the
           Souldiers
           gallantry
           :
           That
           the
           indeavours
           of
           the
           Governor
           in
           keeping
           together
           ,
           and
           increasing
           the
           Forces
           were
           nigh
           lost
           .
           Neither
           was
           any
           means
           allotted
           to
           the
           supply
           of
           the
           necessary
           attendants
           and
           Officers
           of
           a
           marching
           Brigade
           .
           And
           in
           the
           heat
           of
           service
           the
           nature
           and
           terms
           of
           the
           Governors
           command
           were
           disputed
           ,
           and
           t
           was
           very
           questionable
           whether
           to
           provide
           for
           the
           attendants
           of
           a
           march
           :
           that
           onely
           a
           proportion
           seemed
           to
           be
           cared
           for
           ,
           that
           might
           live
           within
           the
           walls
           of
           Gloucester
           ,
           and
           nothing
           to
           further
           such
           action
           that
           might
           restrain
           ,
           and
           lessen
           the
           strength
           of
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           preserve
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           passe
           
           
           
           
           
           withall
           to
           the
           relief
           of
           remote
           garrisons
           .
           Neverthelesse
           the
           establishment
           of
           such
           a
           power
           was
           required
           in
           these
           parts
           as
           might
           check
           the
           Enemy
           in
           all
           his
           marches
           and
           recruits
           :
           and
           this
           strength
           far
           greater
           then
           the
           stint
           of
           that
           constant
           number
           which
           the
           garrisons
           took
           up
           .
        
         
           In
           this
           extremity
           the
           Governor
           was
           constrained
           to
           act
           ,
           and
           marched
           on
           in
           the
           pursuit
           of
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           who
           kept
           randevous
           neer
           Hereford
           with
           fourty
           two
           troops
           of
           horse
           ,
           resolving
           to
           passe
           the
           Severne
           at
           Aust
           ,
           not
           daring
           to
           adventure
           over
           the
           hill
           Countrey
           .
           And
           to
           guard
           the
           passage
           ,
           Prince
           Rupert
           sent
           into
           the
           Forrest
           a
           commanded
           party
           of
           five
           hundred
           horse
           and
           foot
           .
           These
           began
           to
           fortifie
           Beachly
           for
           a
           lasting
           guard
           ,
           a
           place
           of
           extreme
           difficult
           approach
           ,
           being
           a
           gut
           of
           land
           running
           out
           between
           Seaverne
           and
           Wye
           ,
           and
           the
           onely
           commodious
           passage
           ,
           from
           Wales
           to
           Bristoll
           ,
           and
           the
           Western
           parts
           ,
           being
           the
           maine
           entercourse
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           and
           a
           strong
           reserve
           for
           the
           last
           exigence
           .
           It
           was
           high
           time
           therefore
           to
           crush
           this
           designe
           ,
           and
           nip
           the
           bud
           of
           so
           great
           hopes
           .
           The
           Governor
           advanced
           upon
           them
           some
           foure
           dayes
           after
           they
           began
           their
           fortifications
           ,
           and
           had
           drawn
           the
           trench
           half
           way
           from
           the
           banks
           of
           one
           River
           to
           the
           other
           ,
           when
           the
           other
           part
           was
           well
           guarded
           with
           an
           high
           quick-set
           hedge
           (
           which
           they
           lined
           with
           Muskettiers
           )
           and
           a
           ditch
           within
           with
           a
           fair
           meadow
           beyond
           ,
           wherein
           they
           had
           made
           a
           re-intrenchment
           .
           The
           strength
           consisted
           neer
           of
           six
           hundred
           horse
           and
           foot
           ,
           which
           at
           the
           first
           coming
           on
           lighted
           upon
           a
           partie
           of
           horse
           from
           Chepstow
           ,
           took
           some
           ,
           and
           drove
           the
           rest
           into
           the
           River
           :
           then
           faced
           the
           Enemy
           within
           Musket
           shot
           that
           Evening
           ,
           and
           so
           continued
           the
           next
           morning
           ,
           waiting
           the
           opportunitie
           of
           an
           assault
           ,
           for
           at
           high
           water
           the
           place
           was
           inaccessible
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           their
           ships
           which
           guarded
           each
           River
           with
           Ordnance
           ,
           lying
           levell
           with
           the
           banks
           ,
           and
           clearing
           the
           face
           of
           the
           approach
           from
           Wye
           to
           Seaverne
           .
           Wherfore
           the
           Governor
           taking
           the
           advantage
           of
           lowe
           water
           drew
           forth
           a
           party
           for
           the
           on-set
           .
           These
           were
           brought
           neer
           the
           place
           of
           entrance
           ,
           where
           the
           Enemy
           intended
           a
           draw-bridge
           ,
           with
           order
           to
           storme
           the
           works
           which
           as
           yet
           were
           not
           finished
           .
           Out
           of
           the
           forlorn
           hope
           the
           Governor
           had
           selected
           ten
           Musketiers
           to
           creep
           along
           the
           hedges
           ,
           and
           thenceto
           fall
           into
           the
           very
           
           breach
           .
           These
           gave
           the
           first
           alarme
           ,
           and
           caused
           the
           Enemy
           (
           according
           to
           the
           meaning
           of
           the
           plot
           )
           to
           spend
           their
           first
           shot
           in
           vain
           .
           And
           when
           the
           first
           volly
           was
           given
           ,
           ere
           they
           could
           recharge
           their
           Muskets
           ,
           the
           Governor
           gave
           the
           signall
           by
           the
           discharge
           of
           a
           Pistoll
           :
           on
           went
           the
           Forlorn-hope
           ,
           and
           the
           Reserve
           following
           ,
           the
           Trumpets
           sounding
           ,
           and
           the
           Drums
           beating
           ,
           run
           up
           the
           Works
           ,
           rushed
           in
           among
           them
           ,
           and
           fell
           upon
           the
           hack
           ,
           when
           the
           whole
           and
           each
           part
           of
           the
           action
           was
           carried
           on
           without
           interruption
           ,
           and
           the
           Souldiers
           went
           up
           in
           such
           a
           regular
           march
           ,
           and
           so
           great
           solemnity
           ,
           that
           it
           seemed
           more
           like
           the
           pomp
           of
           a
           triumph
           then
           the
           confused
           face
           of
           a
           fight
           .
           Of
           the
           Enemy
           some
           were
           killed
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           taken
           prisoners
           ,
           besides
           some
           few
           that
           recovered
           the
           boats
           ,
           and
           many
           of
           them
           that
           took
           the
           water
           were
           drowned
           .
           And
           to
           grace
           the
           service
           ,
           it
           was
           performed
           in
           the
           full
           view
           of
           a
           multitude
           on
           Chepstow
           side
           ,
           whilest
           the
           great
           guns
           plaid
           from
           each
           River
           which
           cast
           beneath
           the
           banks
           by
           the
           lowe
           ebbe
           did
           no
           execution
           ,
           but
           by
           their
           noise
           ,
           and
           semblance
           of
           terror
           ,
           both
           raised
           the
           Souldier
           ,
           and
           conduced
           to
           the
           majesty
           of
           the
           victory
           .
        
         
           This
           good
           successe
           ,
           and
           the
           season
           held
           forth
           a
           fair
           opportunitie
           to
           compasse
           an
           other
           designe
           at
           that
           time
           in
           agitation
           .
           Some
           overtures
           were
           made
           by
           Lieutenant
           Collonel
           Kyrle
           of
           the
           delivering
           of
           Monmouth
           into
           our
           hands
           .
           Many
           did
           urge
           the
           present
           acceptance
           of
           the
           plot
           ,
           and
           an
           hasty
           performance
           ,
           and
           were
           discontented
           in
           that
           which
           they
           called
           slacknesse
           in
           the
           Governor
           :
           when
           as
           neither
           the
           method
           of
           the
           plot
           was
           propounded
           in
           the
           generall
           (
           the
           circumstances
           being
           left
           free
           )
           nor
           the
           present
           state
           of
           things
           gave
           leave
           to
           manage
           the
           businesse
           ,
           when
           the
           following
           Army
           of
           P
           :
           Rupert
           was
           to
           be
           intercepted
           ,
           a
           work
           of
           greater
           concernment
           ,
           and
           more
           beseeming
           a
           publick
           spirit
           then
           this
           latter
           :
           But
           at
           that
           time
           t
           was
           the
           usuall
           mistake
           of
           particular
           Associations
           to
           confine
           every
           enterprise
           to
           their
           own
           Counties
           ,
           and
           divide
           the
           Common-wealth
           into
           so
           many
           petty
           kingdoms
           .
           And
           in
           this
           did
           Collonel
           Massie
           deny
           himself
           ,
           in
           spending
           the
           latter
           part
           of
           the
           Summer
           in
           prosecuting
           a
           lesse
           plausible
           and
           appearing
           service
           ,
           though
           of
           larger
           concernment
           .
           But
           having
           now
           pursued
           the
           Princes
           horse
           into
           Wales
           ,
           and
           destroyed
           the
           Enemies
           project
           in
           fortifying
           Beachly
           ,
           
           he
           quartered
           with
           his
           horse
           and
           foot
           neer
           Monmouth
           on
           the
           Forrest
           side
           ;
           and
           receiving
           an
           answer
           to
           a
           message
           lately
           sent
           to
           Lieutenant
           Collonel
           Kyrle
           ,
           propounded
           unto
           him
           ,
           and
           followed
           this
           way
           .
           That
           he
           would
           feigne
           a
           Post
           from
           Gloucester
           side
           to
           desire
           a
           sudden
           return
           with
           his
           forces
           thitherward
           ,
           to
           secure
           that
           part
           of
           the
           Countrey
           from
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           which
           was
           already
           fallen
           out
           from
           Bristoll
           ,
           and
           Berkley
           :
           and
           this
           message
           was
           to
           come
           to
           his
           hands
           at
           Mr.
           Halls
           house
           of
           
             High
             meadow
          
           ,
           a
           grand
           Papist
           ,
           where
           it
           would
           take
           wings
           for
           its
           dispatch
           to
           Monmouth
           ,
           by
           which
           means
           Kyrle
           commanding
           the
           horse
           might
           easily
           draw
           forth
           some
           troop
           to
           follow
           the
           Rear
           of
           our
           party
           .
           Hereupon
           the
           Governor
           feigned
           a
           sudden
           retreat
           to
           Gloucester
           ,
           and
           having
           marched
           back
           three
           miles
           ,
           lodged
           his
           forces
           in
           a
           thicket
           of
           the
           Forrest
           :
           &
           sending
           his
           Scouts
           abroad
           ,
           prevented
           the
           Enemies
           discovery
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           while
           the
           intelligence
           reaches
           Monmouth
           ,
           &
           Leift
           :
           Col
           :
           Kyrle
           draws
           out
           ,
           whom
           the
           Governour
           surprised
           at
           midnight
           in
           
             High
             meadow
             house
          
           ,
           with
           his
           troop
           of
           thirty
           horse
           :
           and
           with
           as
           little
           noise
           as
           possible
           advanced
           thence
           to
           Monmouth
           .
           Neverthelesse
           t
           was
           not
           so
           deep
           a
           silence
           but
           the
           alarme
           was
           given
           by
           the
           Cornet
           of
           the
           troop
           ,
           who
           escaped
           the
           surprisall
           ,
           and
           the
           attempt
           made
           the
           more
           difficile
           ,
           if
           not
           desperate
           .
           The
           Town
           took
           the
           alarme
           ,
           stood
           upon
           their
           guard
           ,
           expecting
           an
           Enemy
           .
           Notwithstanding
           this
           ,
           Kyrle
           with
           an
           hundred
           select
           horse
           arrived
           at
           the
           Towns
           end
           ,
           confidently
           came
           up
           to
           the
           draw-bridge
           ,
           pretended
           a
           return
           with
           many
           prisoners
           taken
           ,
           perswaded
           the
           guards
           ,
           and
           prevailed
           with
           Coll
           :
           Holthy
           the
           Governor
           of
           the
           Town
           by
           the
           Officers
           of
           the
           guard
           ,
           to
           let
           down
           the
           draw-bridge
           ,
           which
           was
           done
           but
           with
           much
           jealousie
           ,
           and
           a
           strong
           guard
           ,
           &
           the
           bridge
           presently
           drawn
           up
           again
           :
           insomuch
           that
           the
           first
           party
           were
           like
           to
           be
           held
           prisoners
           in
           the
           Town
           .
           Our
           forlorn
           hope
           saw
           that
           it
           was
           time
           to
           lay
           about
           them
           ,
           they
           declare
           themselves
           ,
           over-power
           the
           guard
           ,
           and
           make
           good
           the
           bridge
           :
           and
           in
           this
           there
           wanted
           not
           those
           that
           kept
           a
           strict
           watch
           over
           Kyrles
           deportment
           ,
           who
           acted
           his
           part
           with
           dexterity
           and
           valour
           .
           Our
           body
           of
           horse
           and
           foot
           were
           at
           hand
           ,
           had
           a
           large
           entrance
           ,
           subdued
           the
           Town
           in
           a
           moment
           ,
           and
           spared
           the
           blood
           of
           the
           surprised
           Souldiers
           .
           But
           the
           dark
           and
           rainy
           night
           fitted
           the
           governour
           
           of
           Monmouth
           with
           the
           major
           part
           of
           the
           garrison
           for
           an
           escape
           over
           the
           dry
           graft
           .
           We
           took
           one
           Major
           ,
           three
           Captains
           ,
           and
           divers
           inferior
           Officers
           ,
           threescore
           common
           Souldiers
           ,
           five
           barrels
           of
           powder
           ,
           and
           some
           arms
           :
           but
           the
           Town
           it self
           was
           the
           best
           prize
           ,
           being
           the
           key
           of
           Southwales
           ,
           and
           the
           onely
           safe
           entercourse
           for
           the
           Kings
           Army
           between
           the
           West
           ,
           Wales
           ,
           and
           the
           Northern
           parts
           .
        
         
           The
           taking
           of
           Monmouth
           gave
           a
           fearful
           alarme
           to
           the
           whole
           Countrey
           ,
           especially
           to
           the
           Earl
           of
           Worcester
           at
           Ragland
           Castle
           ,
           who
           raised
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           called
           in
           Prince
           Ruperts
           horse
           to
           their
           assistance
           .
           The
           Ragland
           Papists
           made
           the
           poore
           Welch
           believe
           that
           we
           came
           to
           put
           man
           ,
           woman
           ,
           &
           child
           to
           the
           sword
           ,
           and
           filled
           their
           fancies
           with
           as
           many
           strange
           conceits
           of
           the
           Roundheads
           ,
           as
           the
           poore
           Spaniards
           had
           of
           the
           English
           after
           their
           revolt
           from
           Rome
           ,
           it
           being
           easie
           to
           perswade
           an
           irrational
           and
           stupid
           people
           .
           Forthwith
           they
           appear
           in
           arms
           against
           us
           .
           Wherfore
           two
           dayes
           after
           our
           entrance
           ,
           the
           Governor
           sent
           out
           a
           small
           party
           of
           Muskettiers
           ,
           commanded
           by
           Capt
           :
           Rochford
           ,
           to
           quash
           the
           rising
           of
           the
           Countrey
           .
           Our
           men
           find
           out
           the
           randevous
           ,
           with
           a
           kind
           of
           guard
           defended
           by
           Captain
           Gainsford
           ,
           with
           his
           ragged
           Regiment
           .
           These
           upon
           the
           first
           onset
           were
           all
           put
           to
           flight
           ,
           ran
           an
           hundred
           wayes
           like
           a
           barbarous
           people
           ,
           were
           pursued
           by
           our
           horse
           ,
           about
           twenty
           knocked
           on
           the
           head
           and
           sixteen
           taken
           prisoners
           .
           To
           revenge
           this
           losse
           ,
           Sir
           
             Will
             :
             Blaxton
          
           with
           his
           brigade
           of
           horse
           ,
           joyns
           with
           the
           Countrey
           Trainhands
           ,
           and
           the
           forces
           from
           Ragland
           ,
           and
           Chepstow
           ,
           making
           (
           according
           to
           the
           best
           relations
           ,
           five
           hundred
           horse
           ,
           and
           twelve
           hundred
           foot
           .
           Of
           this
           preparation
           we
           were
           not
           advertised
           ,
           till
           they
           fell
           upon
           one
           of
           our
           horse
           quarters
           in
           a
           strong
           house
           neer
           Monmouth
           ,
           where
           we
           lodged
           two
           troops
           ,
           and
           by
           good
           hap
           ten
           Muskettiers
           to
           secure
           the
           quarters
           .
           The
           house
           was
           made
           good
           by
           the
           resolution
           of
           Captain
           Bayly
           ,
           and
           Leift
           :
           Page
           ,
           till
           the
           Major
           of
           the
           horse
           had
           drawn
           up
           the
           troops
           ,
           &
           faced
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           whilest
           the
           Governor
           commanded
           out
           of
           Monmouth
           a
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           Muskettiers
           .
           But
           before
           our
           foot
           could
           reach
           the
           house
           ,
           their
           horse
           drew
           thence
           ,
           encountred
           with
           a
           party
           of
           ours
           ,
           &
           being
           recharged
           by
           Major
           Backhowse
           ,
           were
           beaten
           back
           to
           the
           foot
           .
           By
           thistime
           our
           Musketiers
           were
           brought
           up
           ,
           and
           
           in
           the
           first
           charge
           put
           the
           Enemy
           to
           a
           confused
           running
           retreat
           ,
           slew
           seventy
           ,
           and
           wounded
           many
           ,
           took
           threescore
           prisoners
           .
           Of
           the
           Officers
           ,
           a
           Major
           of
           horse
           ,
           and
           two
           Captains
           were
           slain
           ,
           one
           taken
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             William
             Blaxton
          
           shot
           in
           the
           thigh
           .
           But
           the
           pursuit
           had
           an
           early
           stop
           by
           a
           small
           river
           which
           the
           Enemy
           passed
           ,
           &
           plucked
           up
           the
           bridge
           :
           or
           their
           foot
           had
           been
           wholly
           routed
           and
           taken
           .
           The
           prisoners
           that
           were
           of
           the
           Countrey
           people
           the
           Governor
           entreated
           kindly
           ,
           and
           after
           a
           few
           dayes
           sent
           them
           home
           by
           parcels
           ,
           and
           each
           man
           with
           a
           little
           note
           or
           letter
           directed
           to
           his
           master
           ,
           or
           the
           severall
           Parishes
           ,
           to
           signifie
           that
           the
           intention
           of
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           the
           present
           government
           ,
           was
           not
           to
           destroy
           ,
           or
           enslave
           their
           persons
           ,
           or
           take
           away
           their
           livelihoods
           ;
           but
           to
           preserve
           their
           lives
           and
           fortunes
           ,
           to
           open
           the
           course
           of
           justice
           ,
           &
           free
           them
           of
           their
           heavy
           burthens
           under
           the
           forces
           of
           Rupert
           a
           Germane
           Prince
           .
           At
           the
           free
           discharge
           of
           the
           captives
           ,
           they
           began
           to
           resent
           the
           Governors
           humanity
           ,
           as
           before
           by
           the
           slaughter
           of
           their
           men
           they
           had
           felt
           the
           force
           of
           arms
           .
           And
           the
           dispersed
           papers
           did
           in
           part
           undeceive
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           dislodge
           their
           fears
           ;
           our
           horse
           marching
           peaceably
           ,
           and
           doing
           no
           spoil
           or
           violence
           .
        
         
           After
           the
           appeasing
           of
           the
           Countrey
           tumults
           ,
           the
           indeavours
           of
           the
           Governor
           were
           to
           reduce
           that
           people
           to
           a
           willing
           ,
           and
           cordiall
           obedience
           .
           He
           dispatched
           many
           letters
           of
           invitation
           to
           the
           gentlemen
           of
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           gave
           assurance
           to
           the
           best
           affected
           of
           his
           purpose
           to
           defend
           &
           make
           good
           the
           Town
           .
           But
           all
           were
           silent
           ,
           and
           not
           two
           valuable
           persons
           did
           own
           the
           businesse
           .
           On
           the
           other
           fide
           ,
           they
           did
           not
           stir
           a
           foot
           at
           the
           summons
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Worcester
           :
           and
           in
           confidence
           of
           the
           justice
           of
           this
           party
           they
           frequented
           our
           markets
           ;
           wheras
           at
           our
           first
           approach
           they
           drove
           away
           all
           their
           cattell
           ,
           into
           the
           remote
           parts
           of
           the
           county
           :
           yet
           most
           of
           the
           gentlemen
           fled
           from
           their
           houses
           .
           The
           greatest
           part
           of
           P
           :
           Ruperts
           forces
           lie
           stil
           under
           our
           arrest
           in
           Wales
           ,
           where
           they
           decrease
           and
           drop
           away
           ,
           discontent
           and
           burden
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           between
           whom
           there
           arise
           perpetuall
           quarrels
           .
           And
           the
           truth
           is
           ,
           even
           those
           people
           whose
           affections
           comply
           with
           the
           Kings
           designe
           ,
           could
           never
           correspond
           with
           the
           Souldier
           of
           that
           faction
           ,
           with
           whom
           there
           is
           no
           dealing
           for
           very
           friends
           .
           Insomuch
           that
           the
           generall
           hatred
           of
           the
           souldier
           might
           drive
           in
           to
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           a
           moderate
           enemy
           ,
           and
           such
           
           as
           breathe
           a
           more
           cool
           spirit
           of
           malignity
           ,
           when
           the
           State
           shall
           reach
           out
           the
           hand
           to
           clear
           the
           way
           ,
           and
           make
           good
           the
           engagement
           .
        
         
           Collonel
           Massie
           seems
           now
           to
           have
           spread
           the
           Branches
           of
           his
           government
           beyond
           the
           sap
           and
           strength
           of
           the
           root
           ,
           and
           the
           extreme
           parts
           grow
           burdensome
           to
           the
           main
           body
           .
           He
           had
           neither
           horse
           nor
           foot
           to
           maintain
           what
           was
           gotten
           ,
           considering
           the
           strivings
           of
           the
           Enemy
           to
           repossesse
           themselves
           of
           Monmouth
           .
           For
           which
           end
           the
           whole
           power
           of
           Southwales
           that
           is
           fit
           for
           the
           march
           under
           the
           command
           of
           Collonel
           Gerrard
           are
           come
           as
           far
           as
           
             Abergenny
             ,
             Vske
          
           ,
           and
           Ragland
           .
           Sir
           
             John
             Winter
          
           must
           bring
           forth
           his
           master-peece
           to
           the
           world
           ,
           and
           once
           more
           assisted
           with
           four
           hundred
           from
           Bristoll
           ,
           purchased
           at
           a
           high
           rate
           ,
           and
           added
           to
           a
           hundred
           of
           his
           own
           men
           ,
           with
           all
           the
           aid
           Prince
           Rupert
           can
           send
           ,
           undertakes
           to
           fortifie
           Beachly
           .
           The
           noised
           strength
           of
           the
           Enemy
           round
           about
           did
           contribute
           to
           the
           designe
           with
           all
           fiercenesse
           ,
           fince
           the
           want
           of
           a
           guard
           upon
           this
           passage
           did
           render
           all
           Southwales
           of
           little
           value
           .
           And
           it
           highly
           concerned
           us
           to
           indeavour
           the
           preventing
           this
           project
           ,
           which
           threatned
           the
           ruine
           of
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           the
           intercepting
           of
           the
           passage
           between
           Gloucester
           and
           Monmouth
           ,
           and
           to
           render
           that
           garrison
           in
           great
           part
           uselesse
           .
           The
           Governor
           had
           a
           hard
           game
           to
           play
           ,
           alwayes
           put
           upon
           desperate
           hazards
           without
           a
           sufficiencie
           to
           accomplish
           or
           make
           good
           .
           For
           the
           case
           was
           questionable
           whether
           to
           desert
           Monmouth
           ,
           or
           seek
           to
           maintain
           it
           ,
           having
           no
           competent
           number
           for
           a
           Town
           yet
           unfortified
           ,
           generally
           malignant
           ,
           in
           an
           Enemies
           countrey
           ,
           at
           a
           great
           distance
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           difficult
           passe
           :
           but
           that
           the
           wonderfull
           successe
           of
           Beachly
           twice
           fortunate
           determined
           the
           doubt
           .
           The
           businesse
           was
           not
           capable
           of
           deliberation
           ,
           nothing
           but
           a
           quick
           dispatch
           had
           the
           shew
           of
           safety
           .
           Gerrard
           was
           to
           be
           kept
           from
           joyning
           his
           fortes
           with
           these
           in
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           who
           when
           once
           fortified
           were
           not
           to
           be
           beaten
           out
           ,
           having
           all
           the
           advantages
           of
           Sea
           and
           land
           .
           And
           although
           his
           Forces
           hovered
           about
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           pretending
           to
           fall
           upon
           Monmouth
           ,
           yet
           about
           midnight
           ,
           Octob.
           13.
           one
           hundred
           Muskettiers
           were
           drawn
           thence
           with
           eight
           troops
           of
           our
           poore
           horse
           unto
           Clurewall
           ,
           expecting
           there
           to
           meet
           the
           Newnham
           foot
           drawn
           off
           for
           this
           designe
           ,
           the
           garrison
           supplyed
           in
           the
           interim
           by
           the
           Countrey
           Voluntiers
           .
           In
           the
           close
           of
           the
           next
           evening
           they
           approached
           neer
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           where
           no
           good
           presage
           did
           favour
           the
           
           busines
           .
           The
           horse
           failed
           six
           houres
           of
           the
           time
           appointed
           ,
           whom
           the
           constant
           want
           of
           pay
           ,
           and
           hands
           bound
           up
           from
           plunder
           ,
           made
           irregular
           ,
           and
           disabled
           the
           Commander
           in
           chief
           to
           reward
           or
           punish
           .
           Himself
           must
           manage
           the
           designe
           not
           by
           advice
           onely
           ,
           but
           personall
           action
           ,
           and
           act
           a
           part
           in
           the
           duty
           of
           each
           inferior
           Officer
           .
           That
           night
           we
           beat
           up
           their
           ambuscades
           ,
           forced
           them
           within
           their
           works
           ,
           and
           by
           frequent
           alarms
           kept
           them
           waking
           ,
           yet
           as
           much
           as
           possible
           from
           working
           .
           The
           next
           morning
           at
           break
           of
           day
           was
           the
           time
           reserved
           for
           a
           storme
           :
           but
           the
           foot
           were
           all
           stragling
           ,
           and
           could
           not
           be
           gathered
           up
           ,
           insomuch
           that
           the
           Governors
           own
           troop
           with
           no
           more
           then
           fourscore
           Muskettiers
           made
           the
           onset
           ,
           and
           by
           Gods
           help
           performed
           gallantly
           .
           They
           found
           the
           Enemy
           well
           prepared
           ,
           the
           works
           followed
           with
           dexterity
           and
           diligence
           ,
           with
           much
           art
           and
           cost
           on
           pallisadoes
           ,
           and
           breast-works
           ,
           and
           the
           most
           defective
           places
           from
           Wye
           to
           Seaverne
           defended
           with
           a
           tall
           quick-set
           hedge
           ,
           &
           a
           ditch
           within
           ,
           the
           Pinnaces
           riding
           in
           each
           River
           with
           Ordnance
           to
           play
           upon
           us
           ,
           and
           the
           line
           so
           strongly
           guarded
           with
           hammer
           Guns
           ,
           &
           Murtherers
           placed
           on
           the
           Flanks
           at
           either
           end
           ,
           that
           it
           seemed
           impossible
           to
           storme
           the
           same
           by
           day
           without
           apparent
           great
           losse
           ;
           yet
           was
           the
           Governour
           to
           wait
           for
           lowe
           water
           ,
           that
           the
           Guns
           from
           the
           ships
           might
           not
           reach
           us
           ,
           which
           happily
           fell
           out
           at
           the
           opening
           of
           the
           day
           ;
           yet
           were
           we
           in
           the
           reach
           of
           the
           Ordnance
           planted
           on
           the
           Weleh
           shore
           ,
           and
           equall
           to
           our
           height
           .
           He
           laid
           holdon
           the
           instant
           of
           season
           ,
           with
           a
           small
           party
           in
           a
           silent
           march
           came
           close
           to
           the
           works
           ;
           wherupon
           after
           the
           taking
           of
           the
           alarme
           ,
           when
           the
           Enemy
           had
           spent
           many
           shot
           ,
           our
           men
           forced
           two
           or
           three
           Pallisadoes
           ,
           that
           some
           of
           the
           foot
           and
           the
           forlorn
           hope
           of
           horse
           brake
           in
           :
           but
           finding
           themselves
           at
           a
           stand
           between
           the
           Pallisadoes
           and
           the
           quick-set
           hedge
           lined
           with
           Muskettiers
           ,
           began
           to
           face
           about
           when
           there
           was
           no
           looking
           back
           ,
           nor
           passing
           forwards
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           continuall
           shot
           .
           In
           this
           party
           was
           the
           Governor
           engaged
           ,
           who
           now
           became
           the
           Leader
           of
           the
           Forlorn-hope
           ,
           and
           with
           not
           a
           little
           difficulty
           forced
           his
           own
           horse
           over
           the
           hedge
           ,
           fell
           in
           among
           them
           ,
           was
           recharged
           furiously
           ,
           his
           head-peece
           knocked
           off
           with
           the
           but-end
           of
           a
           Musket
           ,
           &
           strangely
           preserved
           ,
           till
           three
           or
           foure
           foot
           and
           some
           horse
           brake
           over
           the
           hedge
           after
           him
           ,
           then
           there
           came
           up
           a
           full
           body
           of
           horse
           and
           foot
           ,
           and
           by
           maine
           force
           bore
           down
           before
           them
           a
           resolved
           and
           prepared
           Enemie
           ,
           
           slew
           thirty
           ,
           and
           tooke
           prisoners
           a
           Leiutenant
           Colonell
           ,
           one
           Major
           ,
           two
           Captaines
           ,
           three
           Leiutenants
           ,
           three
           Ensignes
           ,
           with
           other
           Officers
           ,
           and
           common
           Souldiers
           ,
           to
           the
           number
           of
           two
           hundred
           and
           twenty
           .
           They
           forced
           Sir
           
             John
             Winter
          
           downe
           the
           clift
           into
           the
           river
           ,
           where
           a
           little
           boate
           lay
           to
           receive
           him
           ,
           and
           convey
           him
           thence
           into
           the
           ships
           ,
           riding
           within
           Musket
           shot
           of
           the
           shore
           ,
           with
           many
           Musqueteers
           and
           great
           shot
           .
           Many
           tooke
           the
           water
           ,
           some
           whereof
           were
           drowned
           ,
           and
           others
           saved
           themselves
           by
           recovering
           the
           boates
           .
           Prince
           Rupert
           the
           Patron
           of
           this
           designe
           ,
           was
           expected
           there
           the
           next
           high
           water
           ,
           being
           then
           upon
           the
           river
           ,
           but
           extreamely
           prevented
           and
           crossed
           in
           the
           height
           of
           his
           desire
           and
           confidence
           .
        
         
           It
           was
           a
           brave
           exployte
           and
           true
           victory
           upon
           such
           an
           eminent
           disadvantage
           over
           a
           formidable
           enemy
           .
           They
           were
           stronger
           within
           the
           Fortifications
           then
           sixe
           times
           the
           same
           number
           in
           the
           open
           field
           .
           The
           storme
           that
           hovered
           was
           blowne
           over
           ,
           &
           we
           calme
           ,
           and
           secure
           in
           the
           possession
           of
           Monmouth
           .
           But
           as
           for
           this
           necke
           of
           land
           so
           fortunate
           and
           famous
           to
           the
           Government
           of
           Gloucester
           for
           two
           remarkable
           victories
           :
           though
           Sir
           
             John
             Winter
          
           and
           the
           VVelsh
           forces
           had
           their
           eye
           continually
           upon
           it
           ,
           yet
           the
           neglect
           of
           the
           place
           was
           no
           oversight
           in
           our
           Garrison
           ,
           but
           caused
           by
           the
           incapacity
           of
           the
           place
           it selfe
           ,
           it
           being
           impossible
           to
           be
           held
           by
           us
           till
           we
           were
           Masters
           at
           Sea
           ,
           because
           at
           every
           floud
           the
           ships
           on
           the
           Seaverne
           lay
           levell
           with
           the
           highest
           ground
           .
           Wherefore
           it
           was
           resolved
           by
           a
           Councell
           of
           Warre
           that
           the
           buildings
           should
           be
           demolished
           ,
           and
           all
           trees
           and
           hedges
           cut
           downe
           .
           The
           taking
           and
           securing
           of
           Manmouth
           was
           a
           faire
           beginning
           ,
           and
           almost
           the
           possession
           of
           halfe
           Wales
           .
           But
           as
           yet
           the
           County
           became
           unserviceable
           to
           us
           ,
           and
           we
           made
           loosers
           by
           enlarging
           our
           bounds
           .
        
         
           The
           Substance
           of
           Gloucestershire
           was
           expended
           in
           maintaining
           the
           Garrison
           foote
           ,
           and
           the
           Horse
           left
           wholly
           unfurnished
           ,
           yet
           bounde
           up
           from
           plunder
           and
           rapine
           :
           neither
           did
           we
           finde
           that
           assistance
           in
           the
           County
           as
           was
           expected
           and
           promised
           :
           considering
           which
           ,
           with
           our
           meane
           forces
           and
           slender
           pay
           ,
           no
           progresse
           could
           be
           made
           in
           gaining
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           but
           the
           time
           was
           spent
           in
           light
           skirmishes
           ,
           and
           surprizals
           betweene
           petty
           parties
           on
           both
           sides
           :
           and
           we
           sustained
           some
           losse
           by
           Colonel
           Broughtons
           Captaine
           Leiuetenant
           who
           with
           fifty
           souldiers
           undertooke
           to
           garrison
           a
           house
           
           neare
           Godridge
           Castle
           ,
           neither
           obvious
           to
           releife
           ,
           nor
           caring
           to
           fortify
           or
           store
           the
           place
           with
           victualls
           .
           This
           was
           done
           in
           the
           Governours
           absence
           without
           order
           ,
           disavowed
           by
           all
           ,
           and
           owned
           onely
           by
           the
           Captaine
           himselfe
           :
           whose
           plea
           was
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           no
           support
           for
           his
           men
           ,
           and
           was
           enforced
           to
           get
           his
           living
           there
           .
           But
           within
           a
           few
           dayes
           his
           house
           was
           fired
           upon
           him
           ,
           and
           he
           and
           all
           his
           carried
           prisoners
           to
           Hereford
           before
           releife
           could
           reach
           them
           .
        
         
           Notwithstanding
           our
           necessitous
           condition
           ,
           the
           Parliament
           were
           informed
           of
           great
           multitudes
           ,
           and
           a
           burden
           of
           supernumerary
           Officers
           and
           Souldiers
           ,
           and
           seemed
           to
           require
           out
           of
           the
           superfluity
           of
           those
           parts
           an
           assistance
           more
           ample
           then
           the
           maine
           strength
           of
           the
           place
           .
           It
           was
           hard
           to
           take
           a
           just
           and
           full
           view
           at
           such
           a
           distance
           ;
           and
           peradventure
           perpetuall
           action
           ,
           and
           the
           great
           things
           effected
           here
           ,
           might
           multiply
           the
           numbers
           of
           the
           Garrison
           ,
           and
           represent
           things
           in
           the
           largest
           forme
           .
           But
           the
           voyce
           of
           the
           people
           gave
           out
           that
           we
           were
           kept
           low
           by
           the
           malice
           of
           misinformations
           :
           and
           that
           the
           souldiers
           cry
           could
           not
           be
           heard
           ,
           because
           they
           were
           apt
           to
           be
           thought
           ever
           craving
           and
           querulous
           .
           Wherefore
           at
           that
           season
           there
           came
           some
           particular
           commands
           from
           the
           Powers
           above
           ,
           which
           did
           not
           correspond
           with
           the
           State
           of
           our
           Affaires
           ,
           or
           the
           ground
           of
           the
           enjoyned
           Service
           .
           November
           the
           tenth
           Colonell
           Massie
           received
           Instructions
           from
           the
           Committee
           of
           both
           Kingdomes
           to
           march
           with
           all
           the
           strength
           he
           could
           make
           ,
           into
           the
           Borders
           of
           Oxfordshire
           to
           prevent
           the
           joyning
           of
           the
           Welsh
           forces
           under
           the
           Conduct
           of
           Colonell
           Gerrard
           with
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           or
           to
           take
           advantage
           of
           the
           enemy
           ,
           or
           joyne
           with
           the
           Parliaments
           Army
           as
           occasion
           did
           offer
           .
           This
           command
           found
           him
           overwhelmed
           with
           manifold
           imployments
           ,
           and
           in
           that
           instant
           of
           time
           some
           Monmouthshire
           Gentlemen
           tendred
           their
           assistance
           to
           the
           taking
           in
           of
           Chepstow
           Castle
           ,
           which
           the
           Governour
           was
           ready
           to
           embrace
           ,
           (
           that
           Wales
           might
           fall
           under
           the
           power
           of
           the
           Parliament
           )
           but
           with
           much
           warinesse
           ,
           having
           many
           irons
           in
           the
           fire
           .
           Neverthelesse
           lying
           under
           a
           greater
           weight
           of
           envie
           ,
           he
           resolved
           to
           obey
           the
           former
           Orders
           against
           the
           progresse
           and
           reason
           of
           his
           affaires
           ;
           wherefore
           he
           called
           off
           his
           owne
           Regiment
           of
           horse
           from
           about
           Monmouth
           ,
           where
           the
           enemies
           vigilancie
           was
           not
           little
           ,
           and
           the
           malignity
           of
           the
           towne
           wondrous
           great
           ;
           with
           the
           Regiment
           of
           horse
           ,
           he
           hasted
           towards
           
           Eversham
           ,
           where
           the
           Enemy
           had
           arrived
           before
           ,
           whose
           march
           he
           could
           not
           interrupt
           or
           retard
           since
           they
           were
           eight
           for
           one
           .
           But
           before
           this
           march
           having
           drawne
           a
           small
           party
           out
           of
           Monmouth
           ,
           he
           commanded
           from
           Gloucester
           his
           own
           company
           ,
           and
           another
           company
           of
           the
           same
           Regiment
           to
           the
           security
           of
           that
           Garrison
           ,
           and
           committed
           the
           charge
           of
           the
           Towne
           in
           his
           absence
           to
           Major
           Throgmorton
           then
           Serjeant
           Major
           to
           Colonell
           Harley
           ,
           who
           by
           Order
           of
           Parliament
           was
           designed
           to
           that
           Government
           ,
           but
           with
           no
           Power
           to
           command
           out
           a
           Partye
           upon
           any
           designe
           ,
           having
           no
           thought
           that
           the
           forces
           left
           there
           were
           fit
           to
           be
           imployed
           upon
           any
           service
           ,
           more
           then
           the
           defence
           of
           that
           place
           :
           Besides
           ,
           he
           had
           waved
           the
           offers
           of
           Chepstow
           till
           he
           might
           gaine
           an
           assurance
           of
           making
           good
           so
           much
           ground
           in
           an
           enemies
           Country
           ;
           for
           it
           was
           alwayes
           his
           desire
           in
           ingaging
           any
           people
           to
           those
           masters
           whom
           he
           served
           ,
           to
           foresee
           a
           possibility
           of
           continuing
           that
           engagement
           ,
           least
           hee
           might
           doe
           them
           a
           greater
           disservice
           by
           dashing
           the
           resolution
           of
           others
           ,
           who
           intended
           the
           same
           course
           ,
           and
           by
           grasping
           beyond
           his
           reach
           take
           off
           their
           inclinations
           who
           might
           be
           gained
           in
           due
           time
           .
           Notwithstanding
           the
           Governors
           expresse
           Order
           ,
           at
           the
           earnest
           solicitation
           and
           promises
           of
           some
           well-affected
           in
           the
           Country
           ,
           and
           the
           vehemencie
           of
           others
           ,
           who
           thirsted
           after
           the
           glory
           of
           some
           atchievement
           in
           the
           Governors
           absence
           ,
           the
           Major
           yeelded
           for
           the
           drawing
           out
           of
           a
           party
           for
           Chepstow
           ,
           and
           stretched
           his
           power
           beyond
           the
           knowndiscipline
           of
           warre
           ,
           fearing
           either
           the
           brand
           of
           cowardise
           ,
           or
           the
           censure
           of
           a
           man
           unwilling
           to
           doe
           his
           Country
           service
           ,
           though
           he
           declared
           his
           judgement
           against
           it
           .
           Wherfore
           he
           advanced
           towards
           Chepstow
           with
           three
           hundred
           commanded
           men
           :
           having
           some
           conceived
           assurance
           of
           gaining
           the
           Castle
           by
           surrender
           or
           onslat
           .
           The
           newes
           is
           conveyed
           forthwith
           to
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           who
           draw
           together
           all
           the
           strength
           they
           can
           make
           ,
           of
           horse
           and
           foote
           from
           
             Ragland
             ,
             Abergeveny
             ,
             Hereford
          
           ,
           and
           Godridg●
           ,
           and
           November
           the
           nineteenth
           about
           breake
           of
           day
           ,
           came
           neere
           the
           towne
           ,
           and
           lay
           undiscovered
           behind
           a
           rising
           ground
           ,
           at
           a
           quarter
           of
           a
           miles
           distance
           ,
           never
           thinking
           to
           make
           an
           attempt
           ,
           muchlesse
           to
           surprise
           it
           ;
           but
           as
           the
           Governors
           inavoydeable
           absence
           ,
           and
           the
           impertinent
           enterprize
           of
           Monmouth
           garrison
           did
           cause
           their
           approach
           ,
           there
           being
           not
           above
           a
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           left
           there
           ;
           so
           the
           
           
           
           
           
           negligence
           of
           the
           Captaine
           to
           whom
           the
           Keyes
           were
           intrusted
           in
           the
           Majors
           absence
           ,
           gave
           up
           the
           towne
           into
           their
           hands
           .
           So
           remisse
           were
           the
           slender
           guards
           ,
           that
           the
           Treually
           was
           beaten
           &
           none
           tooke
           the
           alarme
           .
           The
           enemy
           observed
           it
           ,
           and
           tooke
           the
           courage
           to
           attempt
           the
           surprisall
           ,
           came
           upon
           the
           higher
           side
           of
           the
           towne
           ,
           that
           looked
           towards
           Hereford
           ,
           having
           onely
           a
           sloping
           banke
           cast
           up
           to
           a
           reasonable
           height
           ,
           with
           a
           dry
           graft
           of
           no
           depth
           ;
           Insomuch
           that
           the
           Gaurds
           and
           Sentinells
           being
           all
           asleepe
           ,
           or
           supinely
           negligent
           ,
           above
           forty
           men
           presently
           climbed
           over
           ,
           and
           fell
           downe
           to
           the
           next
           Port
           ,
           where
           they
           found
           no
           more
           then
           sixe
           men
           ,
           who
           fled
           from
           the
           guard
           upon
           their
           comming
           on
           ;
           with
           that
           one
           takes
           an
           iron
           barre
           ,
           breakes
           the
           chaine
           ,
           forces
           the
           gate
           ,
           and
           sets
           it
           open
           to
           the
           whole
           body
           of
           horse
           ,
           who
           rid
           up
           the
           towne
           with
           full
           career
           ,
           seased
           upon
           the
           maine
           guard
           before
           one
           man
           could
           be
           ready
           to
           give
           fire
           ,
           and
           cooke
           the
           rest
           in
           their
           beds
           ;
           it
           was
           done
           in
           a
           moment
           ,
           where
           wee
           lost
           Colonell
           Broughtom
           ,
           foure
           Captaines
           ,
           Lieutenants
           and
           Ensignes
           ,
           some
           of
           the
           Committee
           ,
           together
           with
           common
           souldiers
           ,
           in
           all
           ,
           about
           one
           hundred
           and
           threescore
           prisoners
           ,
           two
           Sakers
           ,
           besides
           a
           Drake
           ,
           and
           nine
           hammer
           Guns
           taken
           at
           Beachly
           ,
           with
           Ammunition
           and
           Provision
           ,
           and
           at
           least
           foure
           hundred
           muskets
           .
        
         
           The
           newes
           of
           the
           taking
           of
           Manmouth
           reached
           Colonell
           Massie
           neere
           Burford
           ,
           prosecuting
           the
           commands
           of
           the
           Committee
           of
           both
           Kingdomes
           ,
           and
           there
           abiding
           to
           meete
           the
           Lord
           Grandes●on
           ,
           with
           the
           Worcester
           forces
           who
           endeavour
           for
           Oxford
           ;
           hence
           he
           makes
           haste
           to
           the
           reliefe
           of
           the
           party
           sent
           out
           against
           Chepstow
           ,
           and
           to
           bring
           off
           the
           rest
           that
           remaine
           upon
           their
           guards
           in
           that
           County
           :
           and
           at
           Gloucester
           understood
           that
           the
           party
           sent
           for
           Chepstow
           were
           safely
           landed
           ,
           on
           this
           side
           Wye
           ,
           having
           effected
           nothing
           of
           their
           designe
           ;
           the
           Governor
           met
           them
           in
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           and
           thence
           marched
           to
           Rosse
           ,
           where
           he
           hoped
           to
           have
           passed
           the
           bridge
           ,
           to
           the
           releefe
           of
           Pembridge
           Castle
           ,
           which
           was
           made
           an
           out-guard
           to
           the
           garrison
           of
           Manmouth
           ,
           but
           found
           the
           bridge
           broken
           downe
           ,
           and
           the
           river
           made
           unpassable
           ,
           by
           the
           sinking
           of
           boates
           on
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           and
           a
           guard
           of
           horse
           to
           defend
           it
           .
           Here
           we
           had
           some
           disputes
           with
           the
           Enemy
           for
           two
           dayes
           :
           but
           those
           in
           the
           Castle
           having
           no
           meanes
           of
           a
           longer
           subsistence
           ,
           were
           inforced
           to
           surrender
           upon
           quarter
           ,
           and
           the
           freedome
           of
           their
           persons
           ,
           most
           of
           the
           common
           souldiers
           revolted
           ,
           
           being
           formerly
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           and
           our
           prisoners
           .
        
         
           The
           base
           neglect
           of
           the
           Officers
           had
           not
           the
           least
           share
           in
           the
           unfortunate
           losse
           of
           Manmouth
           ,
           and
           daily
           wants
           increased
           the
           neglect
           ,
           and
           weakned
           the
           Governours
           hand
           in
           inflicting
           condigne
           punishment
           .
           And
           as
           the
           Parliaments
           Service
           was
           by
           many
           degrees
           cast
           backe
           by
           this
           misfortune
           :
           so
           the
           Forrest
           in
           speciall
           was
           hereby
           sorely
           plagued
           being
           left
           open
           to
           the
           spoyle
           of
           the
           enemy
           ,
           against
           whom
           they
           were
           preingaged
           by
           Colonell
           Massie
           ,
           and
           of
           late
           had
           declared
           themselves
           more
           freely
           .
           And
           though
           the
           generall
           multitude
           seemed
           to
           be
           brought
           in
           by
           the
           hatred
           of
           Sir
           
             John
             Winter
          
           ,
           whose
           name
           and
           faction
           the
           people
           did
           abhorre
           ;
           yet
           at
           that
           time
           the
           tye
           of
           affection
           and
           necessity
           drew
           them
           to
           a
           strong
           combination
           .
           To
           provide
           for
           their
           safety
           was
           the
           Governours
           maine
           care
           ,
           wherefore
           instead
           of
           one
           good
           baracadoe
           ,
           the
           Towne
           of
           Monmouth
           ,
           sundry
           Garrisons
           are
           erected
           in
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           for
           want
           of
           an
           ample
           strong-hold
           ,
           and
           these
           expended
           greater
           portions
           of
           Men
           and
           Ammunition
           ,
           though
           the
           limits
           of
           the
           Government
           were
           much
           contracted
           .
           The
           Garrison
           of
           Highmeadow
           did
           affront
           Monmouth
           ,
           and
           furthered
           the
           preservation
           of
           that
           side
           :
           Ru●rdeane
           was
           a
           stoppe
           to
           the
           Plunderers
           from
           Hereford
           ;
           And
           those
           at
           Kidney
           were
           kept
           in
           by
           another
           party
           at
           N●●t
           .
           These
           lesser
           places
           distracted
           the
           Governour
           on
           every
           side
           ,
           willing
           but
           not
           able
           to
           preserve
           all
           them
           that
           desired
           to
           live
           under
           his
           protection
           .
        
         
           Some
           weekes
           before
           ,
           the
           Governour
           had
           commanded
           a
           party
           to
           Tate-Court
           within
           ten
           miles
           of
           Bristoll
           ,
           to
           secure
           the
           Neighbourhood
           being
           a
           well
           affected
           people
           :
           but
           in
           this
           distraction
           he
           resolved
           to
           call
           off
           those
           men
           ,
           who
           peradventure
           might
           maintaine
           themselves
           in
           a
           kinde
           of
           imprisonment
           ;
           but
           in
           no
           wise
           preserve
           a
           Countrey
           that
           was
           then
           filled
           with
           the
           Kings
           forces
           ,
           so
           neere
           Bristoll
           ,
           and
           farre
           from
           releife
           ,
           especially
           in
           the
           Winter
           .
           Nor
           at
           that
           season
           could
           they
           draw
           off
           without
           a
           stronger
           Guard
           and
           Convoy
           .
           To
           this
           end
           the
           Governour
           marched
           to
           Kingscoate
           with
           three
           hundred
           Horse
           and
           Dragoones
           ,
           intending
           to
           send
           a
           party
           to
           bring
           off
           that
           Garrison
           :
           but
           receiving
           advertisement
           of
           a
           Regiment
           of
           Horse
           ,
           quartered
           that
           night
           in
           S●dbury
           ,
           he
           fell
           downe
           thither
           ,
           where
           he
           found
           an
           enemy
           there
           arrived
           to
           the
           assistance
           of
           Colonell
           Gernard
           against
           Tate-House
           ;
           here
           he
           resolved
           to
           undertake
           them
           that
           night
           ,
           
           and
           had
           no
           sooner
           appeared
           at
           the
           Townes
           end
           ,
           but
           the
           first
           Guard
           fledde
           ,
           and
           our
           men
           marched
           into
           the
           Town
           one
           by
           one
           ,
           because
           of
           the
           enemyes
           baracadoes
           ,
           went
           up
           to
           the
           maine
           Guard
           consisting
           of
           forty
           Horse
           ,
           who
           being
           surprized
           &
           daunted
           at
           the
           sudden
           entrance
           of
           our
           men
           ,
           and
           not
           confiding
           in
           their
           owne
           strength
           ,
           quitted
           the
           place
           ,
           and
           left
           the
           rest
           in
           their
           quarters
           ,
           most
           of
           which
           escaped
           on
           foote
           by
           the
           backe
           side
           of
           the
           Towne
           .
           We
           tooke
           fourescore
           Horses
           ,
           many
           Armes
           ,
           twenty
           prisoners
           ,
           and
           of
           them
           two
           Captaines
           ,
           and
           the
           next
           morning
           brought
           off
           the
           forlorne
           Garrison
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           depth
           of
           Winter
           ,
           when
           each
           parcell
           of
           the
           Parliaments
           Army
           had
           retired
           into
           London
           ,
           or
           the
           securer
           parts
           of
           that
           Association
           ,
           and
           the
           Kings
           forces
           were
           dispersed
           into
           the
           severall
           quarters
           :
           Cirencester
           and
           the
           hill
           Country
           of
           Gloucestershire
           ,
           was
           assigned
           to
           Sir
           
             Jacob
             Ashley
          
           ,
           having
           the
           Command
           of
           three
           Brigades
           of
           foote
           ,
           and
           assisted
           with
           the
           Queenes
           ,
           Prince
           Ruperts
           ,
           Prince
           Maurices
           ,
           and
           the
           Lord
           Wilmots
           Regiments
           of
           Horse
           with
           others
           .
           His
           designe
           was
           to
           destroy
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           live
           upon
           the
           ruines
           thereof
           :
           whose
           incursions
           on
           that
           side
           ,
           and
           the
           Bristoll
           forces
           about
           Berkely
           ,
           with
           the
           
             Worcester
             ,
             Hereford
          
           ,
           and
           Monmouth
           forces
           on
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           act
           something
           daily
           to
           the
           spoyle
           of
           a
           miserable
           Countrey
           ,
           which
           is
           left
           as
           the
           Kingdomes
           forlorne
           hope
           ,
           and
           croucheth
           daily
           betweene
           two
           burdens
           .
           The
           distressed
           Neighbourhoode
           did
           seeme
           to
           challenge
           those
           severall
           Armyes
           then
           in
           being
           ,
           which
           lay
           rusting
           in
           their
           quarters
           ,
           to
           keepe
           the
           Associated
           Countyes
           where
           no
           feare
           was
           ,
           when
           they
           might
           prevent
           the
           ruine
           of
           their
           freinds
           ,
           and
           starve
           the
           enemy
           who
           live
           upon
           our
           fatnesse
           ;
           when
           they
           might
           hinder
           the
           Kings
           Recruits
           ,
           disturbe
           their
           Winter
           calmes
           ,
           and
           make
           them
           fight
           for
           the
           possession
           and
           enjoyment
           of
           their
           owne
           Territoryes
           .
           But
           in
           the
           deepe
           silence
           of
           that
           part
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           these
           parts
           are
           borne
           downe
           by
           the
           maine
           Bulke
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           without
           the
           least
           inablement
           at
           present
           ,
           or
           the
           hopes
           of
           future
           releife
           .
        
         
           The
           enemyes
           whole
           burden
           rests
           upon
           this
           Government
           .
           Colonell
           Massie
           placed
           a
           Guard
           at
           Lypiat
           ,
           commanded
           a
           party
           of
           Horse
           and
           Dragoones
           to
           Strouds
           a
           place
           most
           exposed
           to
           spoyle
           :
           and
           set
           Guardes
           of
           Horse
           at
           severall
           places
           of
           advantage
           .
           These
           Guardes
           affronted
           Sir
           
             Jacob
             Ashley
          
           in
           the
           stoppe
           of
           Contribution
           
           and
           Plunder
           ,
           the
           indignation
           whereof
           drew
           him
           out
           of
           Cirencester
           with
           foure
           Regiments
           of
           Horse
           to
           Hampton
           Roade
           ,
           where
           he
           divided
           his
           men
           ,
           and
           sent
           them
           out
           three
           severall
           wayes
           to
           surprze
           our
           Horse
           in
           their
           quarters
           ,
           and
           plunder
           the
           Countrey
           .
           Each
           party
           fayled
           of
           the
           designe
           ,
           through
           the
           favour
           of
           Providence
           to
           that
           well
           affected
           people
           .
           At
           each
           Guardes
           some
           few
           that
           tooke
           the
           Alarme
           did
           encounter
           and
           stave
           off
           the
           enemyes
           first
           violence
           ,
           till
           the
           rest
           of
           a
           few
           slender
           troopes
           were
           drawne
           up
           ,
           and
           encouraged
           by
           the
           Governours
           fortunate
           arrivall
           from
           Gloucestershire
           at
           that
           instant
           ,
           charged
           and
           overcame
           a
           farre
           greater
           power
           ,
           which
           were
           also
           engaged
           to
           fight
           by
           their
           heavy
           plunder
           ,
           and
           difficult
           returne
           .
           In
           the
           whole
           about
           eight
           or
           nine
           slaine
           ,
           and
           twenty
           of
           the
           best
           men
           of
           the
           Queenes
           and
           Princes
           Regiment
           taken
           prisoners
           ,
           and
           of
           these
           one
           Captaine
           ,
           and
           Cornet
           .
           The
           successe
           did
           revive
           and
           engage
           the
           Countrey
           .
        
         
           Yet
           after
           a
           few
           dayes
           Sir
           
             Jacob
             Ashley
          
           marched
           out
           of
           Cirencester
           with
           a
           greater
           power
           of
           Horse
           and
           Foote
           ,
           and
           assaulted
           the
           Guard
           at
           Lypiat
           in
           the
           absence
           of
           the
           Captaine
           that
           commanded
           there
           ,
           with
           instructions
           from
           the
           Governour
           to
           draw
           off
           ,
           if
           at
           any
           time
           an
           Army
           fell
           downe
           .
           But
           the
           House
           being
           unfortifyed
           was
           soone
           taken
           ,
           and
           uncapable
           of
           defence
           ,
           where
           we
           lost
           a
           Lieutenant
           ,
           and
           fifty
           private
           Souldiers
           .
           At
           which
           very
           time
           we
           had
           lodged
           three
           hundred
           foote
           within
           Muserden
           House
           sent
           thither
           the
           day
           before
           ,
           with
           orders
           to
           defend
           it
           as
           a
           Garrison
           ,
           who
           had
           no
           knowledge
           of
           the
           enemyes
           approach
           till
           they
           came
           within
           halfe
           a
           mile
           .
           They
           remained
           in
           the
           House
           according
           to
           command
           ,
           but
           in
           no
           defensible
           posture
           ,
           neverthelesse
           expecting
           the
           Onset
           every
           moment
           .
           The
           surprizall
           of
           these
           men
           was
           prevented
           by
           a
           meere
           accident
           of
           the
           Governours
           Arrivall
           ,
           who
           faced
           the
           great
           Body
           with
           no
           more
           then
           sixty
           Horse
           ,
           till
           the
           Foote
           were
           drawne
           off
           the
           Hills
           .
        
         
           That
           the
           strength
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           should
           lie
           upon
           us
           ,
           was
           not
           strange
           ,
           but
           that
           no
           care
           was
           had
           of
           a
           competent
           provision
           for
           a
           deserving
           Country
           ,
           was
           beyond
           the
           conceit
           of
           them
           that
           beheld
           our
           misery
           .
           The
           enemy
           were
           strong
           in
           horse
           ,
           and
           our
           few
           divided
           into
           so
           many
           parcells
           and
           swallowed
           up
           in
           the
           petty
           guards
           ,
           that
           no
           sooner
           could
           we
           drawe
           to
           the
           rescue
           of
           one
           side
           ,
           but
           the
           forces
           
           on
           the
           other
           hand
           fell
           on
           to
           the
           ruine
           of
           the
           poore
           people
           .
           The
           Governor
           knowes
           no
           remedy
           but
           by
           daily
           shifting
           motions
           ,
           and
           becomes
           an
           Ubiquitary
           :
           He
           can
           attempt
           no
           designe
           ,
           but
           first
           in
           his
           owne
           person
           faceth
           the
           Enemy
           on
           the
           contrary
           side
           ,
           and
           fills
           them
           with
           the
           alarme
           of
           his
           presence
           ;
           Sir
           
             Jacob
             Ashley
          
           sends
           Warrants
           for
           contributions
           to
           the
           gates
           of
           Gloucester
           :
           The
           forces
           from
           Hereford
           were
           marched
           forth
           to
           Canon-Froome
           towards
           Lidbury
           ;
           whereupon
           the
           Governor
           advanced
           with
           a
           party
           of
           horse
           and
           foote
           as
           farre
           as
           Bosbury
           waiting
           for
           action
           ,
           but
           staied
           onely
           for
           a
           night
           ,
           having
           placed
           guards
           towards
           Worcester
           and
           Hereford
           in
           the
           most
           passible
           wayes
           for
           the
           Enemies
           approach
           ,
           and
           fell
           into
           one
           of
           their
           quarters
           ,
           tooke
           a
           Captaine
           and
           his
           Cornet
           ,
           with
           some
           common
           Troopers
           ,
           and
           fifteene
           horses
           ;
           the
           Enemy
           falling
           downe
           from
           Cirensester
           suddenly
           fetches
           home
           this
           party
           .
        
         
           Whiles
           these
           things
           happened
           ,
           the
           Governour
           received
           a
           command
           from
           the
           Committee
           of
           both
           Kingdoms
           to
           attempt
           Campden
           House
           ,
           newly
           Garrisoned
           by
           the
           Kings
           forces
           ,
           under
           Sir
           
             Henry
             Bard
          
           ;
           and
           the
           horse
           of
           Warwicke
           ,
           and
           Coventry
           ,
           by
           command
           of
           the
           same
           Committee
           were
           to
           aide
           and
           receive
           Orders
           from
           him
           in
           the
           prosecution
           of
           this
           designe
           ;
           Colonell
           Massie
           tooke
           courage
           to
           resolve
           them
           of
           the
           incapacitie
           of
           that
           service
           for
           the
           present
           ,
           since
           it
           could
           not
           be
           done
           without
           greater
           losse
           to
           the
           State
           then
           the
           fortune
           of
           the
           action
           could
           countervaile
           ;
           for
           it
           was
           a
           worke
           of
           continuance
           that
           required
           our
           whole
           strength
           ;
           and
           that
           side
           of
           the
           Country
           from
           which
           we
           drew
           must
           be
           given
           up
           to
           destruction
           ,
           and
           the
           Enemy
           waited
           no
           greater
           advantage
           then
           to
           fasten
           the
           Governor
           upon
           a
           tedious
           enterprize
           :
           besides
           ,
           the
           intendment
           was
           unvailed
           in
           all
           those
           parts
           that
           were
           required
           to
           send
           aide
           ,
           and
           before
           the
           Orders
           of
           the
           grand
           Committee
           came
           to
           his
           hand
           ,
           the
           London
           Mercuries
           had
           proclamed
           it
           to
           the
           world
           .
        
         
           The
           Earl
           of
           Worcester
           ,
           the
           Lord
           Herbert
           ,
           and
           their
           Agent
           ,
           Sir
           
             John
             Winter
          
           ,
           bestirre
           themselves
           to
           patch
           up
           the
           lingring
           life
           of
           the
           Garrison
           at
           Lidney
           ,
           and
           have
           procured
           from
           Prince
           Maurice
           at
           Worcester
           a
           regement
           of
           horse
           and
           dragoones
           ,
           by
           whose
           assistance
           he
           was
           confident
           to
           have
           beaten
           up
           our
           small
           guards
           in
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           and
           enlarge
           his
           owne
           quarters
           ;
           to
           bring
           the
           Forrest
           once
           more
           under
           his
           power
           to
           the
           destruction
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           the
           great
           advantage
           
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           and
           Bristoll
           in
           speciall
           ,
           furnishing
           them
           with
           iron
           ,
           wood
           &
           coales
           .
           The
           reminding
           of
           so
           great
           a
           mischiefe
           to
           the
           Parliaments
           Service
           made
           the
           Governour
           carefull
           to
           prevent
           him
           ,
           and
           with
           an
           answerable
           number
           of
           horse
           and
           foote
           advanced
           into
           the
           Forrest
           towards
           Lidney
           ,
           where
           Sir
           John
           and
           his
           party
           got
           in
           before
           him
           .
           But
           after
           a
           few
           small
           skirmishes
           ,
           to
           no
           valuable
           losse
           on
           either
           side
           ;
           the
           Governour
           set
           guards
           upon
           all
           the
           passages
           ,
           and
           imprisoned
           the
           Enemy
           in
           their
           own
           strong
           hold
           ,
           and
           again
           drew
           off
           the
           maine
           body
           in
           the
           view
           of
           the
           Garrison
           .
           The
           Enemy
           observing
           his
           march
           ,
           and
           supposing
           the
           expedition
           for
           Gloucester
           ,
           sallied
           out
           upon
           Sully-House
           at
           a
           miles
           distance
           ,
           and
           a
           temporary
           garrison
           for
           the
           blocking
           up
           of
           Lidney
           .
           In
           the
           instant
           of
           time
           the
           Governour
           returnes
           to
           this
           guard
           ,
           and
           understanding
           by
           the
           Scouts
           their
           neere
           approach
           ,
           drew
           out
           a
           forlorne
           hope
           ,
           faced
           and
           charged
           them
           ,
           retreated
           alittle
           ,
           and
           faced
           them
           againe
           with
           the
           exchange
           of
           few
           shot
           ,
           till
           the
           Enemy
           were
           brought
           up
           so
           high
           that
           they
           discovered
           our
           body
           .
           Hereupon
           they
           make
           a
           sudden
           retreate
           ,
           our
           forlorne
           hope
           fall
           on
           ,
           and
           the
           body
           followes
           ,
           turned
           their
           horse
           to
           flight
           ,
           who
           forsooke
           the
           foote
           ,
           and
           left
           most
           of
           them
           to
           our
           mercy
           .
           Here
           wee
           tooke
           one
           Captaine
           ,
           with
           five
           and
           twenty
           common
           souldiers
           ,
           having
           slaine
           a
           Captaine
           ,
           two
           Leiutenants
           ,
           and
           twenty
           sixe
           souldiers
           .
           The
           whole
           action
           upon
           those
           forces
           from
           Worcester
           was
           performed
           onely
           with
           the
           losse
           of
           twenty
           horses
           ,
           and
           a
           few
           men
           surprized
           in
           their
           quarters
           ,
           which
           neverthelesse
           cost
           the
           Enemy
           the
           life
           of
           a
           Major
           .
           The
           passages
           from
           Lidney
           are
           all
           guarded
           by
           our
           horse
           to
           starve
           those
           within
           ,
           and
           preserve
           the
           Forrest
           from
           their
           plunder
           .
        
         
           The
           Governour
           having
           his
           hands
           and
           thoughts
           filled
           with
           these
           distractions
           ,
           was
           yet
           more
           perplexed
           by
           a
           fresh
           and
           unknowne
           engagement
           of
           Colonell
           Stephans
           in
           Wiltshire
           .
           It
           happened
           that
           about
           this
           time
           the
           enemie
           had
           garrisoned
           an
           old
           ,
           but
           repaired
           Castle
           at
           the
           Devizes
           .
           And
           to
           prevent
           the
           spoyle
           of
           the
           Country
           neere
           Malmesbury
           ,
           Colonell
           Deveraux
           had
           erected
           a
           garrison
           at
           Rouden
           House
           between
           the
           Devizes
           &
           Malmesbury
           ;
           and
           before
           it
           was
           setled
           or
           well
           furnished
           with
           Ammunition
           and
           Provision
           ,
           it
           was
           set
           upon
           ,
           &
           sorely
           straightened
           :
           Colonell
           Stephens
           being
           newly
           made
           Governour
           of
           Beverston
           Castle
           ,
           was
           desired
           to
           give
           aide
           to
           the
           reliefe
           of
           the
           house
           ,
           
           and
           sets
           upon
           the
           service
           without
           Colonell
           Massies
           Order
           ,
           or
           knowledge
           in
           those
           his
           manifold
           preingagements
           ;
           wherefore
           hee
           advanced
           to
           succour
           the
           besieged
           with
           three
           Troopes
           of
           his
           owne
           Regiment
           ,
           and
           some
           Malmesbury
           foote
           ,
           and
           though
           he
           failed
           of
           a
           parry
           of
           horse
           to
           be
           sent
           from
           Colonell
           Devereux
           ,
           undertooke
           the
           businesse
           ,
           broke
           through
           the
           Enemy
           with
           much
           difficulty
           and
           hazard
           ,
           and
           relieved
           the
           house
           with
           provision
           and
           powder
           ,
           but
           failed
           in
           the
           concluding
           part
           ;
           for
           when
           he
           might
           with
           farre
           lesse
           difficulty
           have
           forced
           the
           way
           back
           through
           a
           troubled
           enemy
           ,
           he
           alighted
           unwarely
           and
           went
           into
           the
           house
           to
           refresh
           himselfe
           ,
           thereby
           giving
           the
           besiegers
           time
           to
           rally
           ,
           and
           to
           cast
           up
           a
           breast-worke
           before
           the
           passage
           ,
           that
           hee
           ,
           with
           the
           rest
           ,
           being
           foure
           hundred
           horse
           and
           foote
           ,
           were
           all
           cooped
           together
           ,
           and
           the
           poore
           besieged
           are
           most
           desperately
           straitened
           by
           this
           kinde
           of
           reliefe
           .
           They
           without
           are
           five
           hundred
           strong
           ;
           the
           newes
           runnes
           to
           Gloucester
           and
           calls
           for
           helpe
           ,
           which
           had
           not
           needed
           ,
           had
           Colonell
           Stephens
           imparted
           the
           businesse
           to
           the
           Governour
           ,
           as
           he
           ought
           ,
           and
           waited
           to
           have
           set
           the
           Country
           in
           a
           posture
           on
           all
           sides
           to
           face
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           whose
           inrodes
           in
           the
           meane
           while
           were
           expected
           from
           each
           quarter
           .
           They
           were
           already
           drawne
           out
           of
           
             Cirencester
             ,
             Farfard
          
           and
           Leehlade
           ,
           and
           keept
           their
           Randevouz
           on
           the
           hills
           by
           Cirencester
           .
           From
           Hereford
           they
           stirre
           with
           a
           great
           strength
           on
           that
           side
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           those
           that
           are
           penned
           up
           in
           Lidney
           strive
           to
           breake
           prison
           .
        
         
           Notwithstanding
           this
           at
           our
           first
           alarme
           ,
           the
           Governour
           sent
           his
           owne
           Captaine
           Leiutenant
           ,
           and
           threescore
           of
           the
           choise
           horse
           well
           appointed
           ,
           and
           all
           that
           could
           be
           spared
           ,
           unlesse
           he
           would
           ruine
           the
           Forrest
           :
           and
           now
           the
           worke
           of
           releeving
           this
           place
           is
           made
           more
           difficult
           ,
           the
           Enemy
           round
           about
           being
           drawne
           together
           with
           a
           purpose
           to
           swallow
           them
           up
           ,
           or
           more
           gladly
           to
           fight
           with
           Colonell
           Massie
           at
           such
           advantage
           on
           the
           hills
           and
           farre
           from
           home
           ;
           yet
           the
           best
           face
           is
           put
           on
           a
           bad
           matter
           ,
           the
           threescore
           horse
           were
           to
           joyne
           with
           an
           hundred
           horse
           and
           dragoones
           from
           Malmesbury
           to
           breake
           through
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           and
           these
           added
           to
           the
           foure
           hundred
           and
           thirty
           within
           the
           house
           ,
           were
           conceived
           able
           to
           force
           a
           passage
           through
           the
           midst
           of
           the
           first
           five
           hundred
           .
           But
           now
           a
           greater
           power
           are
           come
           up
           to
           the
           house
           ,
           at
           least
           three
           thousand
           men
           :
           Sir
           
             Jacob
             Ashley
          
           
           did
           contribute
           much
           to
           the
           strength
           of
           the
           besiegers
           by
           draining
           his
           quarters
           at
           Cirencester
           ,
           whom
           the
           Governour
           could
           not
           prevent
           ,
           nor
           follow
           ,
           except
           with
           the
           losse
           of
           his
           interest
           in
           the
           Forrest
           ;
           onely
           he
           raised
           the
           Country
           about
           Stroudwater
           ,
           to
           face
           the
           Garrison
           of
           Cirencester
           ;
           our
           horse
           advanced
           up
           to
           the
           first
           guard
           ,
           and
           slew
           the
           Sentinell
           ,
           hoping
           by
           this
           alarme
           to
           draw
           backe
           the
           residue
           from
           Rowden
           House
           :
           And
           though
           the
           weather
           dispersed
           and
           drove
           backe
           the
           Country
           forces
           ,
           yet
           such
           hopes
           did
           revive
           the
           businesse
           ,
           that
           two
           rainy
           nights
           might
           be
           an
           opportune
           and
           active
           season
           for
           Colonell
           Stephens
           to
           breake
           through
           ,
           and
           then
           which
           no
           greater
           could
           be
           expected
           .
           Our
           second
           party
           of
           horse
           went
           on
           for
           Malmesbury
           to
           releeve
           the
           besieged
           at
           Rowden
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           way
           releeved
           Beverston
           Castle
           with
           Ammunition
           ,
           but
           came
           too
           late
           for
           the
           maine
           designe
           ;
           for
           the
           more
           potent
           Enemy
           had
           so
           strongly
           guarded
           the
           passages
           ,
           that
           the
           releefe
           of
           the
           house
           became
           desperate
           ,
           and
           they
           within
           presently
           surrendred
           upon
           quarter
           for
           their
           lives
           .
        
         
           The
           Regiments
           of
           horse
           are
           much
           broken
           ,
           and
           reduced
           to
           an
           inconsiderable
           number
           ;
           the
           Enemy
           growes
           strong
           ,
           and
           a
           streame
           of
           ill
           successe
           flowes
           in
           upon
           us
           .
           Colonell
           Hopton
           ,
           for
           whom
           the
           Governour
           procured
           a
           Commission
           ,
           upon
           his
           promise
           of
           raising
           foure
           hundred
           horse
           and
           armes
           at
           his
           owne
           charge
           ,
           without
           the
           helpe
           of
           the
           State
           or
           Country
           ,
           having
           got
           together
           about
           threescore
           horse
           ,
           and
           forty
           foote
           ,
           undertooke
           with
           these
           men
           to
           garrison
           Castle-dit●●
           neere
           Ledbury
           in
           Herefordshire
           ,
           having
           neither
           order
           nor
           directions
           from
           the
           Governour
           ,
           who
           conceived
           the
           house
           not
           to
           be
           defended
           ,
           and
           required
           him
           to
           desist
           the
           enterprize
           ;
           the
           order
           is
           neglected
           :
           But
           not
           many
           dayes
           after
           ,
           a
           party
           drawne
           out
           of
           Hereford
           ,
           had
           not
           lain
           before
           it
           foure
           and
           twenty
           houres
           ,
           but
           he
           ,
           with
           his
           forty
           foot
           ,
           and
           twenty
           horse
           were
           taken
           ,
           and
           carried
           prisoners
           to
           Hereford
           ,
           ere
           the
           Governor
           could
           come
           with
           releefe
           ,
           who
           lighted
           neverthelesse
           upon
           a
           few
           straglers
           in
           the
           reare
           ,
           and
           tooke
           thirteene
           prisoners
           .
        
         
           Meane
           while
           Sir
           
             John
             Winters
          
           releife
           lyes
           under
           the
           arrest
           ,
           yet
           so
           as
           we
           would
           gladly
           ridde
           our
           hands
           :
           for
           the
           Guards
           set
           round
           his
           House
           to
           the
           safety
           of
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           did
           alwayes
           distract
           our
           designes
           .
           These
           Horse
           are
           impatient
           of
           a
           longer
           imprisonment
           ,
           and
           after
           a
           sore
           distresse
           breake
           their
           way
           through
           our
           quarters
           into
           the
           utmost
           parts
           of
           the
           Forrest
           towards
           Chepstow
           ,
           and
           joyne
           with
           
           a
           partie
           of
           foote
           from
           Chepstow
           landed
           at
           Lancaught
           ,
           where
           they
           intended
           to
           fortify
           and
           to
           make
           good
           the
           Passe
           over
           Wye
           :
           by
           which
           meanes
           they
           might
           issue
           out
           of
           Wales
           at
           their
           pleasure
           .
           The
           place
           containes
           foure
           hundred
           acres
           ,
           having
           a
           very
           straight
           entrance
           .
           Hereupon
           our
           severall
           Guards
           drew
           together
           and
           summoned
           the
           Country
           to
           aide
           and
           came
           up
           to
           the
           enemy
           ,
           who
           were
           divided
           in
           opinion
           :
           one
           part
           held
           it
           meete
           to
           make
           good
           the
           passage
           ,
           the
           rest
           perswaded
           to
           draw
           out
           into
           the
           Field
           and
           fight
           .
           These
           latter
           prevailed
           ,
           and
           for
           a
           while
           both
           parties
           faced
           each
           other
           .
           Our
           men
           drew
           out
           a
           forlorne
           hope
           of
           Foote
           ,
           the
           place
           so
           requiring
           ,
           next
           unto
           these
           a
           forlorne
           hope
           of
           Horse
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           were
           appointed
           for
           a
           reserve
           .
           Their
           Horse
           violently
           charged
           our
           forlorne
           hope
           of
           Foote
           ,
           who
           were
           ready
           to
           give
           backe
           when
           our
           Horse
           came
           in
           opportunely
           and
           played
           their
           parts
           ,
           whereat
           the
           foote
           tooke
           courage
           ,
           and
           fell
           on
           all
           together
           ,
           and
           with
           one
           charge
           turned
           the
           enemy
           to
           flight
           ,
           that
           they
           killed
           few
           on
           the
           place
           ,
           but
           drove
           them
           up
           to
           the
           River
           side
           ,
           and
           fell
           upon
           the
           hacke
           in
           the
           pursuite
           ,
           and
           so
           cooped
           them
           up
           that
           few
           escaped
           their
           hands
           .
           About
           fourescore
           were
           slaine
           ,
           of
           whom
           were
           Colonell
           Gamme
           ,
           and
           Colonell
           Vangerris
           ;
           of
           the
           residue
           some
           adventured
           the
           River
           to
           recover
           the
           Frigate
           :
           many
           were
           drowned
           of
           whom
           Colonell
           Poore
           Governour
           of
           Berkely
           Castle
           ;
           but
           Sir
           
             John
             Winter
          
           and
           his
           brother
           with
           some
           few
           besides
           escaped
           onely
           of
           an
           hundred
           men
           from
           Chepstow
           ,
           and
           an
           hundred
           and
           fourescore
           Horse
           and
           Dragoones
           from
           Lidney
           House
           .
           The
           remainder
           fell
           into
           our
           hands
           ,
           an
           hundred
           and
           twenty
           taken
           prisoners
           ,
           of
           whom
           two
           Leiutenant
           Colonells
           ,
           foure
           Captaines
           ,
           and
           divers
           inferiour
           Officers
           .
           This
           was
           the
           last
           blow
           of
           three
           which
           Sir
           
             Iohn
             Winter
          
           received
           one
           in
           the
           necke
           of
           another
           .
        
         
           These
           things
           happened
           about
           the
           time
           of
           the
           taking
           of
           Shrewesbury
           ,
           which
           called
           off
           the
           Kings
           forces
           from
           these
           parts
           :
           Sir
           
             Jacob
             Ashly
          
           marched
           from
           Cirencester
           ,
           and
           Prince
           Rupert
           out
           of
           Herefordshire
           to
           releive
           his
           brother
           Maurice
           neere
           Chester
           .
           The
           Governour
           was
           imployed
           in
           observing
           the
           enemyes
           motion
           ,
           but
           with
           a
           strength
           every
           day
           more
           slender
           ,
           having
           lost
           most
           part
           of
           his
           own
           troope
           with
           some
           peeces
           of
           others
           by
           an
           other
           miscarriage
           in
           fetching
           our
           Armes
           and
           Ammunition
           from
           Warwicke
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           Conveying
           of
           some
           Clothiers
           Packes
           of
           great
           value
           ,
           which
           were
           taken
           
           betweene
           Campden
           and
           Banbury
           through
           the
           misguidance
           of
           the
           Officer
           that
           commanded
           .
        
         
           Neverthelesse
           he
           advanced
           into
           the
           neerer
           parts
           of
           Herefordshire
           with
           two
           hundred
           Horse
           and
           five
           hundred
           foote
           ,
           to
           startle
           the
           enemy
           or
           make
           some
           diversion
           ,
           supposing
           they
           bent
           their
           course
           to
           the
           releife
           of
           Westchester
           .
           Here
           he
           found
           great
           multitudes
           of
           the
           Countrey
           people
           appearing
           in
           Armes
           ,
           but
           standing
           on
           their
           owne
           Guard
           ,
           and
           declaring
           themselves
           for
           neither
           side
           .
           It
           was
           hoped
           neverthelesse
           they
           might
           be
           made
           of
           good
           use
           ,
           and
           the
           best
           affected
           of
           them
           gave
           Colonell
           Massie
           that
           satisfaction
           as
           was
           meete
           ,
           by
           whom
           he
           understood
           the
           condition
           of
           their
           engagements
           .
           The
           Governour
           of
           Hereford
           sending
           for
           hay
           and
           contribution
           to
           his
           Garrison
           ,
           was
           so
           farre
           denyed
           by
           the
           Countrey
           that
           it
           came
           to
           blowes
           .
           The
           people
           rising
           to
           resist
           ,
           some
           few
           men
           ,
           and
           as
           it
           was
           reported
           women
           and
           children
           were
           slaine
           ,
           and
           some
           carried
           prisoners
           to
           Hereford
           :
           also
           some
           of
           the
           Hereford
           forces
           were
           taken
           by
           the
           Countrey
           men
           .
           The
           next
           day
           the
           Alarum
           went
           throughout
           that
           side
           of
           the
           County
           ,
           and
           some
           parts
           of
           Worcestershire
           .
           The
           people
           gather
           into
           a
           Body
           ,
           and
           march
           to
           Hereford
           .
           Here
           they
           stayed
           some
           dayes
           with
           a
           resolution
           to
           have
           certaine
           Articles
           granted
           by
           the
           Governour
           of
           that
           Garrison
           .
           The
           summe
           of
           their
           demaunds
           were
           to
           this
           effect
           ,
           that
           such
           of
           theirs
           as
           were
           held
           prisoners
           there
           ,
           should
           be
           delivered
           forthwith
           ;
           that
           satisfaction
           be
           given
           to
           the
           Country
           for
           the
           losse
           they
           sustained
           by
           plunder
           ,
           as
           also
           to
           the
           wives
           and
           children
           of
           those
           that
           were
           slaine
           :
           that
           the
           Countrey
           might
           be
           freed
           from
           Contribution
           and
           all
           manner
           of
           Payment
           to
           the
           Souldier
           ;
           that
           since
           the
           present
           forces
           of
           Hereford
           were
           not
           able
           to
           defend
           the
           County
           ,
           they
           forthwith
           quit
           the
           Garrison
           ,
           and
           leave
           it
           to
           be
           kept
           by
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           who
           are
           able
           to
           defend
           the
           same
           ,
           and
           the
           whole
           County
           with
           lesse
           charge
           .
           These
           and
           the
           like
           triviall
           passages
           did
           they
           discover
           to
           the
           world
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           wont
           to
           happen
           in
           such
           popular
           Commotions
           .
           In
           the
           meane
           while
           severall
           Posts
           were
           dispatched
           to
           Colonell
           Massie
           at
           Ledbury
           ,
           and
           letters
           returned
           from
           him
           to
           them
           ,
           and
           in
           particular
           to
           some
           Gentlemen
           ,
           the
           cheifest
           and
           best
           affected
           .
           These
           letters
           received
           by
           the
           Country
           people
           ,
           tooke
           well
           with
           some
           ;
           but
           the
           generall
           vote
           was
           that
           they
           needed
           not
           his
           helpe
           to
           gaine
           Hereford
           ,
           which
           they
           conceived
           ;
           would
           be
           
           delivered
           up
           by
           the
           Citizens
           ,
           whom
           they
           knew
           to
           be
           of
           one
           minde
           with
           them
           .
           Other
           messengers
           came
           from
           them
           with
           intreaties
           to
           march
           up
           to
           Hereford
           ,
           promising
           concurrence
           in
           assaulting
           the
           Towne
           ;
           others
           would
           have
           him
           fall
           upon
           another
           Garrison
           at
           Canon-Froome
           .
           The
           Governour
           made
           answer
           to
           the
           severall
           Messages
           ,
           that
           he
           desired
           to
           conferre
           with
           some
           of
           their
           best
           intrusted
           Gentlemen
           and
           Yeomen
           ,
           expecting
           meete
           security
           that
           either
           by
           Protestation
           or
           taking
           the
           Nationall
           Covenant
           they
           give
           him
           an
           assurance
           of
           their
           standing
           with
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           requiring
           them
           to
           cast
           off
           the
           enemy
           ,
           and
           receive
           orders
           from
           him
           ,
           to
           act
           nothing
           of
           themselves
           without
           the
           consent
           and
           approbation
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           without
           which
           engagement
           he
           could
           not
           joyne
           or
           act
           with
           them
           .
           To
           this
           they
           replyed
           that
           they
           held
           it
           a
           thing
           of
           evill
           consequence
           ,
           and
           dangerous
           to
           declare
           themselves
           ,
           and
           they
           knew
           their
           ability
           of
           themselves
           to
           performe
           what
           they
           had
           resolved
           ,
           intreating
           him
           to
           march
           backe
           with
           his
           men
           ,
           giving
           assurance
           that
           they
           were
           our
           friends
           ,
           but
           could
           not
           declare
           for
           either
           side
           :
           this
           act
           of
           theirs
           being
           a
           just
           defence
           against
           the
           unjust
           proceedings
           of
           the
           Committee
           and
           Souldiers
           of
           Hereford
           ,
           and
           to
           secure
           the
           Countrey
           from
           contribution
           and
           quarter
           .
           The
           Governour
           makes
           answer
           to
           this
           resolve
           ,
           That
           the
           course
           they
           had
           taken
           was
           neither
           safe
           nor
           legall
           ;
           for
           it
           in
           this
           confused
           manner
           they
           should
           gaine
           Hereford
           ,
           it
           would
           doe
           them
           little
           service
           :
           unlesse
           they
           were
           able
           to
           keepe
           it
           from
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           and
           be
           able
           of
           themselves
           to
           beate
           them
           wholly
           from
           that
           side
           Seaverne
           ,
           that
           no
           incursion
           could
           be
           made
           on
           their
           Countrey
           from
           any
           part
           :
           that
           they
           would
           distresse
           themselves
           without
           releife
           ,
           because
           their
           illegall
           way
           would
           not
           be
           owned
           by
           the
           Parliaments
           forces
           :
           for
           though
           they
           have
           undertaken
           the
           preservation
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           yet
           they
           can
           give
           no
           protection
           to
           any
           that
           will
           not
           joyne
           with
           them
           in
           that
           way
           which
           the
           representative
           Body
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           thinks
           fit
           .
           For
           a
           third
           party
           cannot
           be
           in
           England
           .
           And
           therefore
           they
           have
           no
           way
           of
           safety
           or
           justification
           in
           this
           action
           ,
           but
           a
           speedy
           declaration
           for
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           from
           whom
           they
           would
           finde
           security
           and
           protection
           and
           after
           assurance
           of
           fidelity
           ,
           a
           setling
           of
           the
           Countrey
           to
           their
           owne
           likings
           .
           He
           gave
           them
           likewise
           to
           understand
           ,
           that
           the
           charge
           of
           the
           Parliament
           in
           maintaining
           the
           Souldiers
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           Countrey
           in
           contribution
           ,
           
           did
           thence
           arise
           ;
           that
           the
           people
           being
           disingaged
           in
           person
           might
           looke
           to
           their
           Husbandry
           ;
           declaring
           withall
           that
           the
           disunion
           of
           the
           Country
           not
           understanding
           their
           interest
           in
           the
           Parliament
           was
           the
           sole
           cause
           of
           the
           entertayning
           of
           Souldiers
           .
           For
           had
           the
           whole
           Kingdome
           rose
           in
           time
           and
           expressed
           themselves
           of
           this
           opinion
           ,
           that
           they
           would
           stand
           up
           as
           one
           man
           against
           the
           Popish
           partie
           ,
           and
           enemy
           of
           their
           Countrey
           :
           the
           worke
           had
           beene
           long
           since
           done
           .
           But
           their
           drawing
           backe
           put
           the
           Parliament
           upon
           this
           way
           of
           raysing
           Armes
           upon
           their
           stocke
           and
           expence
           ,
           or
           the
           Kingdome
           must
           needs
           fall
           .
           He
           minded
           them
           likewise
           that
           if
           they
           lost
           this
           opportunity
           ,
           of
           closing
           with
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           nothing
           but
           destruction
           would
           follow
           ;
           that
           if
           they
           closed
           with
           Hereford
           ,
           and
           composed
           the
           difference
           ,
           this
           compliance
           might
           last
           till
           Prince
           Ruperts
           returne
           ,
           and
           then
           they
           must
           looke
           to
           pay
           for
           this
           rebellion
           :
           but
           if
           they
           purpose
           at
           last
           to
           fall
           in
           with
           Rupert
           ,
           it
           would
           hasten
           their
           bondage
           ,
           yet
           givethem
           no
           security
           .
        
         
           This
           kinde
           of
           entercourse
           passed
           betweene
           Colonell
           Massie
           and
           the
           Countrey
           people
           ;
           meane
           while
           he
           drew
           backe
           to
           Rosse
           ,
           waiting
           the
           event
           of
           this
           commotion
           ,
           but
           not
           engaging
           himselfe
           amidst
           a
           promiscuous
           and
           doubtfull
           multitude
           .
           He
           represented
           likewise
           to
           the
           Committee
           of
           both
           Kingdomes
           ,
           what
           advantage
           the
           gaining
           ,
           and
           disadvantage
           the
           losse
           of
           this
           opportunity
           might
           be
           to
           the
           whole
           worke
           :
           that
           their
           expressions
           of
           their
           esteeme
           of
           himselfe
           ,
           and
           his
           gentle
           dealing
           with
           them
           were
           great
           :
           that
           the
           weaknesse
           of
           his
           forces
           ,
           cheifely
           of
           Horse
           ,
           was
           the
           maine
           businesse
           that
           caused
           the
           Major
           Part
           to
           decline
           his
           invitation
           :
           importuning
           them
           if
           they
           desired
           to
           gaine
           this
           partie
           ,
           as
           also
           a
           leading
           party
           to
           the
           whole
           Kingdome
           ,
           to
           send
           a
           considerable
           strength
           of
           Horse
           ;
           and
           if
           the
           forces
           saide
           to
           be
           intended
           ,
           had
           come
           to
           him
           ,
           when
           fifteene
           thousand
           appeared
           in
           Armes
           before
           Hereford
           ,
           and
           of
           them
           sixe
           thousand
           Musqueteers
           ,
           and
           some
           well
           mounted
           ,
           he
           had
           gained
           a
           full
           testimony
           of
           compliance
           with
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           drawne
           them
           with
           ease
           to
           aide
           him
           against
           Prince
           Ruperts
           Army
           ,
           when
           they
           were
           in
           the
           moode
           ,
           so
           farre
           incensed
           and
           inraged
           .
           And
           to
           compleate
           the
           designe
           ,
           a
           Recruite
           for
           the
           Regiments
           of
           Horse
           was
           necessary
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Auxiliaries
           should
           bring
           along
           their
           meanes
           of
           entertainment
           ;
           for
           the
           sending
           of
           strength
           without
           money
           did
           more
           wound
           
           then
           heale
           us
           ;
           for
           the
           Souldiers
           challenge
           their
           pay
           or
           plunder
           ;
           And
           as
           it
           was
           hatefull
           to
           the
           Governour
           ,
           so
           the
           State
           of
           the
           Countrey
           would
           not
           permit
           him
           to
           spend
           his
           time
           in
           gathering
           contribution
           .
           But
           for
           want
           of
           a
           just
           and
           due
           supply
           ,
           these
           men
           were
           lost
           to
           us
           and
           to
           themselves
           also
           ,
           concluding
           a
           peace
           with
           the
           Governour
           of
           Hereford
           ,
           and
           obnoxious
           and
           open
           to
           the
           Kings
           Army
           .
        
         
           Hereupon
           Colonell
           Massie
           marched
           from
           Rosse
           ,
           and
           passed
           the
           Seaverne
           towards
           Berkely
           ,
           purposing
           to
           joyne
           with
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           ,
           who
           was
           noysed
           to
           be
           come
           into
           the
           Borders
           of
           this
           Countrey
           ,
           when
           the
           day
           before
           some
           of
           the
           Berkely
           forces
           had
           issued
           out
           towards
           our
           Garrison
           at
           Slimbridge
           :
           but
           ere
           they
           could
           retreate
           to
           the
           Castle
           ,
           the
           Garrison
           forces
           fell
           upon
           them
           ,
           slewe
           twelve
           ,
           wherof
           one
           Captain
           ,
           an
           Irish
           Rebell
           ,
           and
           took
           twenty
           five
           prisoners
           ,
           whereof
           two
           were
           Captaines
           and
           one
           Leiutenant
           .
           The
           Governour
           with
           his
           party
           advanced
           thence
           towards
           Chipping-Sodbury
           ,
           where
           Colonell
           Strange
           with
           a
           party
           of
           Horse
           began
           to
           fortify
           :
           but
           upon
           the
           notice
           of
           our
           Advance
           retreated
           to
           Berkely
           .
        
         
           No
           sooner
           had
           the
           Herefordshire
           men
           disbanded
           ,
           and
           returned
           to
           their
           owne
           houses
           ,
           but
           Prince
           Rupert
           falls
           backe
           out
           of
           Shropshire
           ,
           and
           comes
           upon
           them
           with
           his
           whole
           Army
           .
           The
           noise
           of
           his
           Arrivall
           doth
           hasten
           the
           Governours
           returne
           to
           Gloucester
           :
           who
           drew
           thence
           two
           hundred
           Horse
           ,
           and
           five
           hundred
           foote
           into
           the
           Borders
           of
           Herefordshire
           ,
           where
           many
           of
           the
           Countrey
           people
           resorted
           unto
           him
           ,
           some
           with
           fire
           weapons
           ,
           some
           with
           others
           :
           but
           the
           want
           of
           strength
           ,
           especially
           of
           Horse
           ,
           render'd
           him
           of
           little
           capacity
           to
           preserve
           them
           .
           The
           people
           having
           good
           desires
           ,
           but
           daunted
           with
           the
           greatnesse
           of
           the
           enemy
           ,
           and
           the
           slendernesse
           of
           our
           forces
           ,
           were
           wholly
           lost
           .
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           was
           importuned
           to
           draw
           this
           way
           ,
           or
           to
           send
           a
           strong
           party
           which
           might
           prove
           of
           the
           greatest
           advantage
           to
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           when
           the
           Princes
           designe
           was
           to
           lye
           on
           that
           Countrey
           to
           recruite
           his
           Army
           with
           men
           ,
           horses
           and
           money
           for
           the
           Spring
           action
           ,
           and
           the
           approach
           of
           the
           Parliaments
           Army
           ;
           and
           would
           not
           onely
           bring
           in
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           make
           them
           firme
           to
           their
           service
           ,
           but
           disappoint
           if
           not
           destroy
           Prince
           Ruperts
           Army
           ,
           at
           that
           time
           the
           greatest
           in
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           being
           a
           confluence
           of
           the
           forces
           of
           Prince
           Rupert
           ,
           Prince
           Maurice
           ,
           Colonell
           Gerard
           ,
           Lord
           Hastings
           ,
           Lord
           Ashly
           ,
           &
           Sir
           
             Marmaduke
             Langdale
          
           .
           These
           men
           beare
           
           all
           before
           them
           ,
           take
           mens
           Persons
           ,
           spoyle
           their
           Estates
           ,
           disarme
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           reape
           the
           benefit
           of
           the
           late
           insurrection
           ,
           and
           extract
           money
           by
           force
           and
           terrour
           from
           the
           poore
           people
           :
           whose
           destruction
           as
           well
           as
           their
           late
           rising
           in
           Armes
           is
           wholly
           lost
           to
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           serve
           onely
           to
           make
           up
           the
           enemies
           recruite
           .
           The
           Princes
           impresse
           men
           in
           great
           abundance
           in
           
             Hereford
             ,
             Monmouch
             ,
             Worcestershire
          
           ,
           raise
           great
           summes
           of
           money
           ,
           get
           good
           store
           of
           Armes
           :
           necessity
           in
           part
           casting
           them
           upon
           such
           ways
           of
           violence
           ;
           and
           coercive
           power
           .
           And
           though
           the
           prest
           men
           were
           of
           suspected
           fidelity
           ,
           and
           lesse
           value
           ,
           and
           had
           often
           deceived
           them
           in
           the
           heate
           of
           battell
           :
           yet
           they
           conduced
           to
           the
           sudden
           forming
           of
           an
           Army
           when
           the
           Kings
           Affaires
           grew
           desperate
           ,
           and
           thrust
           in
           with
           the
           old
           Volunteers
           made
           up
           the
           bulke
           of
           a
           great
           Body
           .
           Thus
           both
           the
           strength
           and
           the
           ruines
           of
           the
           Countrey
           are
           left
           to
           the
           enemy
           ,
           when
           by
           the
           aide
           of
           twelve
           hundred
           Horse
           in
           the
           beginning
           of
           this
           insurrection
           ,
           the
           hopes
           of
           the
           businesse
           might
           without
           vanity
           promise
           the
           Parliament
           many
           thousand
           fighting
           men
           of
           all
           sorts
           besides
           those
           already
           in
           pay
           .
        
         
           Sir
           
             John
             Winter
          
           the
           plague
           of
           the
           Forrest
           once
           more
           importuned
           the
           releife
           of
           Lidney
           House
           ,
           and
           obtaines
           from
           the
           Prince
           about
           two
           thousand
           Horse
           ,
           and
           fifteene
           hundred
           foot
           ,
           who
           breake
           in
           to
           destroy
           the
           Countrey
           and
           disarme
           the
           Inhabitants
           .
           The
           Governour
           with
           what
           strength
           he
           can
           make
           marched
           to
           Wesbury
           and
           quartered
           within
           a
           mile
           and
           a
           halfe
           of
           the
           enemy
           ,
           and
           gave
           order
           to
           the
           Guards
           that
           beset
           Lidney
           ,
           that
           the
           foote
           be
           drawne
           off
           to
           the
           Garrison
           of
           Nast
           ,
           and
           Highmeadow
           ,
           and
           the
           Horse
           repaire
           to
           the
           Randevouze
           ,
           which
           was
           done
           without
           losse
           ,
           when
           the
           Forrest
           was
           full
           of
           the
           enemy
           .
           He
           preserved
           likewise
           the
           lower
           parts
           neere
           the
           river
           ,
           but
           for
           want
           of
           horse
           wherein
           the
           enemy
           did
           abound
           ,
           could
           not
           without
           extreame
           hazard
           and
           losse
           advance
           to
           the
           further
           parts
           ,
           where
           they
           kept
           their
           Randevouze
           ,
           and
           which
           they
           laide
           wast
           ,
           plundering
           the
           houses
           to
           the
           bare
           walls
           ,
           driving
           all
           the
           cattell
           ,
           siezing
           upon
           the
           persons
           of
           men
           ,
           and
           sending
           them
           Captives
           to
           Monmouth
           ,
           and
           Chepstow
           ,
           except
           such
           as
           escaped
           to
           us
           by
           flight
           ,
           (
           as
           many
           did
           with
           their
           Armes
           )
           and
           some
           few
           that
           saved
           themselves
           in
           Woods
           and
           Minepitts
           .
           The
           enemy
           did
           not
           adventure
           into
           the
           lower
           and
           neerer
           places
           ,
           where
           our
           foot
           lay
           ready
           and
           resolved
           to
           undertake
           theirs
           if
           they
           came
           on
           .
           Our
           Neighbouring
           parts
           of
           Hereford
           and
           Worcestershire
           ,
           runne
           the
           like
           fortune
           with
           these
           in
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           and
           looke
           blacke
           upon
           this
           Garrison
           which
           was
           not
           able
           to
           preserve
           them
           .
           The
           Kings
           forces
           returned
           the
           second
           time
           into
           
           the
           Forrest
           ;
           and
           tooke
           the
           gleanings
           of
           the
           former
           Harvest
           :
           yet
           the
           neerer
           parts
           are
           still
           prrserved
           .
           The
           enemy
           raised
           themselves
           to
           a
           great
           power
           ,
           already
           reputed
           sixe
           thousand
           horse
           and
           foote
           ,
           and
           seeme
           to
           endeavour
           Northward
           ,
           wherefore
           the
           Governour
           intending
           to
           helpe
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           by
           driving
           up
           the
           Reare
           of
           their
           march
           ,
           or
           to
           put
           in
           for
           any
           service
           ,
           advanced
           to
           Lidbury
           with
           foure
           hundred
           horse
           and
           five
           hundred
           foot
           ,
           his
           whole
           marching
           strength
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           addition
           of
           two
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           Horse
           from
           Northampton
           and
           Warwicke
           ,
           and
           with
           this
           party
           attended
           the
           enemyes
           motion
           .
           Hither
           Prince
           Rupert
           advanced
           with
           the
           best
           part
           of
           his
           Army
           ,
           of
           whose
           approach
           neither
           spye
           nor
           Scout
           from
           the
           Out-guards
           made
           the
           least
           discovery
           ,
           till
           they
           came
           within
           halfe
           a
           mile
           of
           the
           Towne
           ,
           horse
           and
           foote
           ,
           to
           surprize
           or
           at
           least
           to
           surround
           us
           .
           The
           Governour
           instantly
           commanded
           the
           Horse
           to
           mount
           ,
           and
           drew
           up
           the
           foote
           ,
           though
           not
           in
           so
           good
           order
           as
           he
           might
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           sudden
           Alarme
           ;
           and
           suspecting
           what
           he
           afterwards
           founde
           ,
           that
           the
           Prince
           would
           endeavour
           to
           compasse
           him
           in
           ,
           he
           marched
           off
           the
           foot
           with
           all
           due
           speed
           that
           the
           enemyes
           right
           or
           left
           wing
           might
           not
           get
           before
           us
           ,
           which
           they
           endeavored
           by
           sending
           one
           party
           to
           the
           Towns
           end
           to
           keep
           us
           in
           action
           there
           ,
           whilst
           two
           other
           parties
           fetched
           a
           compasse
           upon
           either
           hand
           .
           In
           the
           meane
           while
           he
           brought
           up
           those
           few
           horse
           ,
           that
           were
           not
           upon
           the
           Out-guards
           to
           charge
           the
           enemy
           at
           their
           first
           entrance
           ,
           and
           placed
           an
           Ambuscado
           of
           twenty
           Musqueteeres
           to
           make
           good
           the
           retreate
           .
           But
           the
           businesse
           was
           acted
           so
           ,
           that
           the
           Governour
           in
           person
           with
           the
           Field
           Officers
           and
           Captaines
           were
           enforced
           to
           entertaine
           the
           enemy
           with
           severall
           charges
           ,
           and
           beare
           their
           brunt
           alone
           ,
           till
           the
           foote
           had
           ridde
           some
           ground
           before
           them
           .
           In
           this
           part
           of
           the
           skirmish
           their
           losse
           was
           the
           greatest
           for
           number
           ,
           of
           ours
           only
           Major
           Backehouse
           mortally
           wounded
           ,
           the
           Governour
           ,
           whom
           the
           Prince
           aimed
           to
           charge
           ,
           had
           his
           horse
           wounded
           under
           him
           by
           two
           severoll
           shots
           .
           Our
           men
           drew
           off
           as
           was
           meete
           ,
           &
           made
           good
           the
           retreat
           three
           or
           foure
           miles
           to
           the
           enemyes
           losse
           ,
           till
           they
           came
           up
           to
           a
           place
           of
           shelter
           ,
           when
           hasting
           to
           get
           before
           the
           right
           wing
           of
           the
           enemyes
           horse
           ,
           they
           were
           put
           into
           some
           confusion
           .
           And
           the
           Horse
           having
           no
           great
           desire
           to
           fight
           ,
           neglected
           the
           advantage
           of
           the
           place
           ,
           to
           stop
           the
           pursuit
           though
           the
           Governour
           endeavoured
           what
           he
           could
           to
           engage
           them
           .
           That
           the
           enemy
           fell
           in
           among
           the
           Reare
           Guard
           of
           the
           foote
           ,
           where
           he
           lost
           neare
           two
           hundred
           men
           taken
           prisoners
           :
           many
           Country
           men
           being
           taken
           in
           to
           make
           up
           the
           number
           .
           This
           businesse
           cost
           them
           
           the
           lives
           of
           some
           gallrnt
           Officers
           ,
           and
           the
           Prince
           missed
           his
           aime
           of
           surprizing
           Colonell
           Massye
           ,
           but
           the
           Governour
           supposed
           the
           stay
           of
           the
           Princes
           march
           an
           advantage
           to
           the
           Service
           .
        
         
           Neverthelesse
           the
           Army
           continued
           some
           dayes
           after
           ,
           betweene
           Hereford
           and
           Worcester
           recruiting
           dayly
           ,
           and
           seeme
           to
           put
           much
           confidence
           in
           the
           Country
           ,
           whom
           they
           cause
           ,
           not
           onely
           to
           abjure
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           but
           binde
           over
           to
           themselves
           by
           solemne
           oath
           ,
           swearing
           in
           the
           presence
           of
           God
           ;
           That
           they
           beleeve
           no
           power
           of
           Pope
           or
           Parliament
           can
           depose
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           obsolve
           them
           from
           their
           naturall
           obedience
           to
           his
           Royall
           Person
           and
           Successors
           ,
           that
           the
           two
           Houses
           of
           Parliament
           without
           the
           Kings
           consent
           ,
           have
           no
           power
           to
           make
           Lawes
           ,
           or
           to
           binde
           or
           oblige
           the
           subjects
           by
           their
           Ordinances
           ,
           that
           they
           beleeve
           the
           Earl
           of
           Essex
           ,
           and
           Manchester
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             Thomas
             Fairsaxe
          
           ,
           Sir
           
             William
             Waller
          
           ,
           Colonell
           Massie
           ,
           together
           with
           all
           such
           as
           have
           already
           ,
           or
           shall
           hereafter
           take
           up
           Armes
           by
           Authority
           ,
           or
           commission
           from
           the
           members
           of
           Parliament
           at
           Westminster
           ,
           pretending
           to
           fight
           for
           King
           and
           Parliament
           ,
           doe
           thereby
           become
           actuall
           Rebells
           ,
           and
           as
           such
           ought
           with
           all
           their
           adherents
           and
           partakers
           ,
           to
           be
           presented
           and
           brought
           to
           condigne
           punishment
           :
           that
           they
           will
           never
           beare
           Armes
           in
           their
           quarrell
           ,
           but
           will
           ,
           if
           they
           be
           thereto
           called
           ,
           assist
           their
           Soveraine
           and
           his
           Armies
           in
           the
           defence
           of
           his
           Royall
           Person
           ,
           Crowne
           ,
           and
           Dignity
           ,
           against
           all
           contrary
           forces
           to
           the
           utmost
           of
           their
           skill
           and
           power
           ,
           and
           with
           the
           hazard
           of
           their
           lives
           and
           fortunes
           ;
           that
           they
           will
           not
           discover
           the
           secresies
           of
           his
           Majesties
           Army
           unto
           the
           Rebells
           ,
           nor
           hold
           any
           correspondence
           with
           them
           ;
           and
           all
           designes
           of
           theirs
           against
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           for
           the
           surprizing
           or
           delivering
           up
           of
           the
           Cities
           of
           Hereford
           or
           Worcester
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           of
           his
           Majesties
           Forts
           ,
           they
           shall
           truly
           discover
           to
           those
           whom
           it
           shall
           concern
           ,
           so
           soone
           as
           it
           comes
           to
           their
           knowledge
           .
           That
           his
           Majesties
           taking
           up
           Armes
           for
           the
           causes
           by
           himselfe
           so
           often
           declared
           in
           Print
           is
           justly
           necessary
           .
           That
           they
           shall
           endeavour
           all
           they
           can
           to
           hinder
           popular
           tumults
           ,
           risings
           ,
           randevouzes
           ,
           meetings
           ,
           confederacies
           ,
           and
           associations
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           townes
           ,
           hundreds
           ,
           and
           countries
           ,
           which
           are
           not
           warranted
           to
           assemble
           by
           his
           Majesties
           expresse
           commission
           ,
           or
           by
           power
           derived
           from
           him
           by
           vertue
           of
           his
           Commissions
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           sense
           he
           meanes
           it
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           detest
           from
           their
           heart
           that
           seditious
           and
           traiterous
           late
           invented
           nationall
           covenant
           ,
           and
           protest
           never
           to
           take
           it
           .
           All
           these
           particulars
           they
           vow
           and
           protest
           sinceerely
           to
           obsolve
           without
           Equivocation
           or
           mentall
           Reservation
           .
           This
           Pretestation
           
           was
           strictly
           injoyned
           by
           the
           Princes
           ,
           to
           be
           taken
           by
           all
           without
           exception
           ,
           in
           the
           Counties
           of
           
             Mounmouth
             ,
             Glamorgan
             ,
             Breekno●ke
             ,
             Radnor
             ,
             Hereford
             ,
          
           and
           Worcester
           .
           Neverthelesse
           this
           constained
           act
           could
           not
           knit
           the
           hearts
           of
           a
           male-contented
           Country
           to
           the
           love
           of
           that
           side
           ,
           nor
           could
           the
           State
           permit
           the
           enemies
           exaction
           and
           violence
           by
           this
           vow
           eternally
           to
           binde
           up
           the
           people
           from
           well-doing
           .
        
         
           The
           Princes
           Army
           is
           the
           maine
           rest
           of
           the
           Kings
           Affaires
           which
           they
           strengthen
           daily
           by
           impressing
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           taking
           in
           lesser
           Brigades
           ,
           and
           draining
           the
           Garrisons
           ,
           and
           a
           part
           of
           Gorings
           Army
           passed
           over
           the
           Seaverne
           from
           Bristoll
           into
           Wales
           ,
           and
           so
           to
           Rupert
           at
           Hereford
           .
           After
           a
           little
           stay
           to
           perfect
           the
           recruite
           the
           enemy
           drew
           thence
           ,
           the
           Infantery
           and
           Artillery
           lay
           betweene
           Worcester
           and
           Beaudly
           commanded
           by
           Sir
           
             Jacob
             Ashley
          
           ,
           whilest
           Rupert
           and
           Maurice
           with
           the
           horse
           and
           some
           select
           foote
           fetch
           off
           the
           King
           from
           Oxford
           ,
           assisted
           also
           with
           Gorings
           Horse
           and
           Dragoones
           ,
           who
           left
           his
           Majesty
           at
           Stew
           and
           marched
           backe
           over
           the
           hills
           into
           the
           West
           through
           our
           Borders
           .
        
         
           The
           Governour
           received
           another
           dropping
           by
           the
           addition
           of
           two
           Troops
           from
           Newport-Pagnell
           ,
           the
           Auxiliaryes
           were
           in
           all
           three
           hundred
           and
           forty
           :
           his
           owne
           so
           few
           ,
           weake
           ,
           and
           ill
           armed
           ,
           that
           he
           could
           scarce
           muster
           a
           hundred
           fighting
           Horse
           :
           and
           those
           much
           discontented
           ,
           observing
           the
           rest
           in
           good
           equipage
           ,
           but
           themselves
           in
           the
           constant
           action
           of
           Souldiers
           naked
           and
           miserable
           .
           These
           are
           imployed
           in
           attending
           the
           enemyes
           march
           ,
           to
           preserve
           the
           Countrey
           what
           they
           may
           ;
           yet
           they
           disturbe
           it
           with
           frequent
           Alarmes
           ,
           and
           sometims
           beate
           up
           the
           lesser
           partyes
           ,
           and
           upon
           sundry
           attempts
           tooke
           one
           Colonell
           ,
           divers
           Captaines
           ,
           with
           inferiour
           Officers
           and
           souldiers
           .
        
         
           Sir
           
             John
             Winter
          
           despairing
           of
           longer
           subsistance
           and
           livelyhoode
           ,
           deserted
           and
           fired
           his
           house
           at
           Lidney
           ,
           having
           first
           spoyled
           the
           Forrest
           and
           so
           before
           hand
           with
           revenge
           .
           By
           this
           time
           the
           Counties
           round
           about
           are
           cleared
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           and
           Colonell
           Massie
           received
           a
           larger
           supply
           of
           Horse
           from
           the
           remainder
           of
           Colonell
           Bher
           and
           D'albeirs
           Regiments
           commanded
           by
           Major
           Buller
           :
           and
           thereby
           inabled
           to
           undertake
           some
           important
           Service
           .
           Evesham
           was
           beheld
           as
           the
           most
           opportune
           and
           of
           greatest
           concernment
           in
           distressing
           
             Wor
             cester
          
           ,
           and
           establishing
           the
           Committee
           by
           Order
           of
           Parliament
           for
           that
           County
           .
           Wherefore
           the
           Governour
           drew
           before
           it
           with
           five
           hundred
           foote
           from
           Gloucester
           ,
           and
           two
           hundred
           from
           Warwicke
           ,
           who
           belonged
           to
           the
           Worcester
           Committee
           ,
           with
           a
           strong
           able
           Brigade
           of
           Horse
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           name
           of
           the
           King
           and
           Parliament
           summoned
           Colonell
           
           
             Robert
             Legge
          
           Governour
           of
           the
           towne
           ,
           to
           make
           a
           speedy
           surrender
           of
           the
           Garrison
           with
           all
           Persons
           ,
           Armes
           ,
           Ammunition
           and
           Provision
           ,
           which
           he
           there
           held
           against
           the
           justice
           of
           them
           both
           ,
           or
           upon
           refusall
           to
           expect
           such
           justice
           as
           fire
           and
           sword
           would
           inflict
           .
           And
           to
           this
           he
           expected
           a
           speedy
           answer
           .
           Colenell
           Legge
           sent
           backe
           the
           Summons
           with
           this
           answer
           .
           You
           are
           hereby
           answered
           in
           the
           name
           of
           his
           Majesty
           ,
           that
           this
           garrison
           which
           I
           am
           intrusted
           to
           keep
           ,
           I
           will
           defend
           so
           long
           as
           I
           can
           with
           the
           men
           armes
           and
           ammunition
           therein
           ,
           being
           nothing
           terrified
           by
           your
           summons
           .
           I
           perceave
           you
           are
           a
           stranger
           to
           our
           strength
           and
           resolution
           ,
           further
           treaties
           will
           be
           troublesome
           .
        
         
           Upon
           this
           returne
           the
           Governour
           prepared
           the
           designe
           ,
           and
           ordered
           to
           each
           Officer
           his
           charge
           in
           the
           storme
           .
           The
           assault
           was
           to
           be
           made
           on
           each
           part
           of
           the
           towne
           .
           The
           side
           that
           lookes
           towards
           Worcester
           was
           to
           be
           stormed
           in
           five
           places
           with
           one
           place
           at
           the
           bridge
           on
           the
           other
           side
           of
           the
           river
           .
           The
           commanded
           parties
           of
           the
           foote
           were
           lead
           on
           by
           the
           severall
           Captaines
           ,
           and
           seconded
           by
           the
           Horse
           devided
           into
           three
           Bodies
           .
           After
           the
           disposition
           of
           the
           designe
           ,
           and
           the
           night
           spent
           in
           Alarmes
           ,
           the
           Signall
           was
           given
           a
           little
           after
           breake
           of
           day
           ,
           when
           both
           horse
           and
           foote
           fell
           on
           together
           with
           life
           and
           heate
           in
           a
           furious
           assault
           ,
           broke
           up
           the
           Pallisadoes
           ,
           filled
           the
           grafts
           with
           faggots
           ,
           and
           other
           preparations
           ,
           made
           sundry
           passages
           ,
           recovered
           the
           workes
           ,
           and
           stood
           firme
           on
           the
           Parapet
           ,
           whilest
           the
           Musqueteers
           from
           within
           played
           furiously
           .
           The
           foot
           having
           recovered
           the
           shelter
           of
           the
           ditch
           beate
           off
           the
           enemy
           ,
           got
           up
           by
           scaling
           ladders
           ,
           stood
           on
           the
           breast
           workes
           ,
           and
           some
           entred
           but
           were
           againe
           driven
           up
           by
           the
           Horse
           to
           the
           top
           of
           the
           workes
           ,
           where
           they
           stood
           firme
           and
           fired
           ,
           but
           after
           a
           while
           ready
           to
           be
           beaten
           off
           by
           the
           violent
           charge
           of
           the
           enemies
           horse
           ,
           till
           a
           party
           of
           our
           horse
           on
           that
           fide
           drawing
           up
           close
           ,
           and
           having
           a
           small
           breach
           made
           for
           their
           entrance
           ,
           fell
           in
           and
           beate
           off
           the
           enemy
           from
           that
           bul
           warke
           ;
           whilest
           another
           party
           made
           an
           entrance
           neare
           the
           Bridge
           .
           And
           now
           they
           tumble
           over
           the
           works
           on
           all
           sides
           :
           and
           charge
           up
           both
           horse
           and
           foote
           with
           equall
           gallantry
           ,
           bore
           downe
           the
           enemy
           and
           mastered
           the
           Garrison
           .
           The
           conflict
           was
           hot
           and
           difficult
           for
           almost
           an
           houre
           ,
           and
           maintained
           by
           the
           enemy
           with
           much
           resolution
           .
           The
           lives
           of
           the
           Officers
           and
           Souldiers
           were
           wonderfully
           preserved
           in
           that
           violent
           storme
           ,
           when
           each
           man
           was
           exposed
           to
           the
           hazard
           of
           the
           most
           daring
           enemy
           .
           Of
           the
           Officers
           two
           onely
           wounded
           ,
           and
           ten
           private
           souldiers
           slaine
           ,
           and
           twelve
           of
           the
           enemy
           .
           The
           prisoners
           taken
           in
           the
           garrison
           were
           five
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           on
           the
           list
           ,
           of
           whom
           two
           Colonells
           one
           Major
           ,
           thirteene
           Captaines
           ,
           with
           other
           Officers
           and
           Gentlemen
           reformadoes
           to
           
           the
           number
           of
           seventy
           .
           Many
           Gentlemen
           and
           Officers
           that
           charged
           with
           the
           Governour
           ,
           acted
           their
           parts
           with
           courage
           ,
           and
           spurd
           on
           the
           valour
           of
           the
           souldiers
           .
           The
           reserve
           of
           foot
           devided
           into
           three
           bodies
           ,
           to
           second
           the
           assaylants
           performed
           as
           became
           resolved
           men
           ,
           and
           the
           whole
           action
           was
           compleate
           according
           to
           the
           Idea
           &
           Platforme
           of
           the
           designe
           .
           The
           Evening
           before
           to
           keep
           off
           an
           approaching
           enemy
           from
           Worcester
           ,
           about
           a
           hundred
           horse
           were
           drawne
           out
           ,
           and
           kept
           guard
           five
           miles
           from
           Evesham
           ,
           faced
           a
           party
           of
           horse
           from
           Worcester
           ,
           whose
           hasty
           and
           distracted
           retreat
           gave
           such
           an
           alarme
           to
           the
           whole
           City
           ,
           that
           they
           fired
           foure
           peece
           of
           Ordnance
           before
           day
           ,
           and
           alarmed
           the
           Countrey
           round
           about
           ,
           when
           the
           Conquest
           was
           already
           secured
           ,
           and
           the
           Parliament
           Masters
           of
           Evesham
           .
        
         
           This
           performance
           was
           the
           concluding
           honour
           of
           Colonell
           Massies
           government
           ,
           after
           his
           remove
           from
           the
           present
           command
           was
           resolved
           by
           both
           Houses
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           when
           the
           desires
           of
           promoving
           the
           publike
           service
           made
           him
           to
           hazard
           the
           fame
           of
           his
           former
           atchievements
           by
           the
           doubtfull
           issue
           of
           the
           last
           action
           .
        
         
           Some
           dayes
           before
           hee
           had
           an
           honourable
           invitation
           from
           the
           Westerne
           Gentlemen
           ,
           and
           the
           same
           day
           that
           he
           entred
           Evesham
           ,
           received
           a
           Commission
           from
           the
           Lords
           and
           Commons
           to
           leade
           an
           Army
           in
           the
           West
           :
           The
           Parliaments
           command
           found
           the
           Governour
           absolutely
           free
           in
           affection
           and
           choice
           ,
           willing
           to
           comply
           with
           their
           pleasures
           ,
           neither
           longing
           to
           stay
           ,
           nor
           eager
           of
           a
           change
           ,
           but
           in
           any
           place
           ready
           to
           spend
           his
           blood
           in
           the
           Kingdomes
           Cause
           ,
           if
           he
           might
           not
           spend
           it
           in
           vaine
           .
           Neverthelesse
           the
           City
           and
           County
           of
           Gloucester
           did
           much
           resent
           it
           ,
           and
           something
           repine
           that
           their
           Governour
           should
           be
           snatched
           from
           such
           a
           people
           as
           had
           done
           much
           ,
           and
           suffered
           much
           in
           their
           fidelity
           and
           resolution
           without
           president
           (
           considering
           the
           many
           assaults
           )
           that
           had
           sacrificed
           their
           lives
           and
           fortunes
           in
           preserving
           this
           City
           and
           the
           Kingdome
           therein
           ,
           that
           had
           borne
           so
           much
           in
           the
           firing
           of
           the
           Suburbs
           ,
           in
           the
           burning
           of
           many
           houses
           neere
           the
           towne
           ,
           some
           by
           the
           Enemies
           malice
           ,
           and
           some
           by
           themselves
           for
           safety
           ,
           and
           the
           pressures
           of
           the
           Country
           under
           both
           Armies
           .
           They
           cast
           up
           the
           consequence
           and
           concernment
           of
           the
           place
           ,
           being
           the
           Center
           ,
           Garden
           and
           Granary
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           the
           Blocke-house
           to
           the
           river
           of
           Severne
           ,
           and
           a
           barre
           to
           all
           passages
           betweene
           
             Worcester
             ,
             Bristoll
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Sea
           ,
           the
           stop
           of
           entercourse
           betweene
           Oxford
           and
           Wales
           ,
           the
           Key
           to
           open
           the
           passage
           upon
           the
           Welsh
           and
           their
           Frontiers
           ,
           and
           the
           locke
           and
           barre
           to
           keepe-out
           their
           incursions
           :
           the
           onely
           refuge
           and
           safety
           for
           the
           Parliament
           party
           and
           friends
           in
           that
           part
           of
           the
           
           Kingdome
           ,
           and
           the
           Enemies
           sole
           hinderance
           from
           the
           command
           of
           the
           whole
           West
           .
           Besides
           ,
           this
           they
           had
           strong
           desires
           of
           retaining
           their
           Governour
           having
           so
           long
           experience
           of
           his
           judgement
           to
           foresee
           dangers
           ,
           and
           care
           to
           prevent
           them
           ,
           of
           his
           readinesse
           to
           issue
           out
           for
           offence
           and
           defence
           upon
           each
           incursion
           ,
           of
           his
           indefatigable
           industry
           in
           taking
           the
           advantage
           of
           all
           oportunities
           to
           weaken
           rhe
           Enemy
           ,
           and
           happy
           successe
           in
           all
           enterprizes
           ,
           of
           his
           disposition
           and
           comportment
           ,
           by
           which
           he
           cherished
           the
           well-affected
           ,
           ratisfied
           and
           confirmed
           the
           indifferent
           ,
           reduced
           the
           very
           malignant
           :
           and
           by
           himselfe
           engaged
           the
           Country
           to
           armes
           ,
           and
           governed
           the
           souldiers
           from
           mutiny
           ,
           rapine
           ,
           and
           plunder
           ,
           or
           other
           violence
           in
           the
           Garrison
           or
           Country
           .
           To
           all
           which
           they
           added
           an
           unavoidable
           prejudice
           against
           any
           stranger
           ,
           though
           in
           himselfe
           able
           and
           faithfull
           ,
           considering
           the
           many
           by-past
           plots
           ,
           and
           the
           Enemies
           implacable
           malice
           who
           breath
           out
           threatnings
           daily
           .
           Such
           was
           the
           sense
           of
           the
           people
           universally
           .
           And
           the
           Major
           and
           Aldermen
           with
           the
           whole
           City
           
             Nemnie
             Contradicente
          
           did
           so
           farre
           honour
           themselves
           in
           vindicating
           Colonell
           Massie
           ,
           as
           to
           petition
           both
           Houses
           of
           Parliament
           for
           his
           continuance
           in
           the
           Government
           ,
           representing
           in
           expresse
           termes
           his
           noble
           disposition
           ,
           constant
           and
           unwearied
           paines
           ,
           blest
           by
           God
           with
           extraordinary
           successe
           ,
           and
           his
           maine
           influence
           on
           the
           hearts
           of
           the
           people
           in
           generall
           ,
           most
           of
           them
           being
           by
           him
           ingaged
           in
           armes
           for
           the
           Parlinment
           ,
           and
           upon
           the
           whole
           so
           idiery
           ,
           who
           were
           kept
           together
           to
           serve
           in
           this
           Countrie
           ,
           chiefely
           by
           the
           love
           and
           respect
           they
           beare
           to
           him
           .
           And
           this
           they
           acknowledged
           not
           with
           an
           intention
           of
           prescribing
           rules
           to
           the
           State
           ,
           but
           out
           of
           their
           care
           and
           zeale
           to
           the
           common
           Cause
           .
           They
           likewise
           importuned
           the
           Lord
           Major
           ,
           Aldermen
           ,
           and
           Common-Councell
           of
           London
           ,
           upon
           the
           mutuall
           bonds
           of
           former
           engagement
           ,
           in
           defending
           and
           raising
           the
           late
           Siege
           of
           Gloucester
           ,
           to
           represent
           unto
           the
           Parliament
           the
           sense
           of
           their
           feares
           ,
           and
           the
           Countries
           distraction
           at
           the
           removall
           of
           Colonell
           Massie
           :
           complaining
           of
           the
           sinister
           ends
           of
           some
           few
           persons
           who
           brought
           in
           a
           crosse
           Petition
           ,
           with
           Articles
           in
           the
           name
           of
           the
           County
           of
           Gloucester
           ,
           which
           no
           part
           of
           the
           County
           did
           ever
           acknowledge
           ,
           and
           of
           which
           no
           corner
           thereof
           was
           conscious
           .
        
         
           The
           House
           of
           Commons
           would
           not
           accept
           the
           charge
           against
           Colonell
           Massie
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           might
           deale
           in
           the
           businesse
           without
           partiality
           ,
           refused
           also
           the
           Countries
           Petition
           .
           Neverthelesse
           the
           Speaker
           was
           directed
           in
           the
           name
           of
           the
           House
           ,
           by
           way
           of
           answer
           to
           their
           requests
           ,
           to
           let
           them
           know
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           very
           sensible
           of
           the
           dangers
           that
           might
           attend
           an
           alteration
           in
           that
           kinde
           ,
           but
           that
           the
           Governour
           provided
           to
           
           succeed
           might
           speedily
           give
           such
           assurance
           against
           such
           dangers
           ,
           that
           there
           will
           be
           no
           cause
           for
           them
           to
           continue
           ,
           much
           lesse
           to
           encrease
           their
           feares
           .
           That
           the
           House
           was
           confident
           that
           their
           constant
           readinesse
           to
           comply
           with
           the
           publike
           ,
           would
           also
           in
           this
           particular
           of
           Colonell
           Massies
           removall
           make
           them
           rest
           content
           in
           the
           resolution
           of
           the
           Parliament
           in
           that
           matter
           .
           Though
           Gloucester
           be
           a
           place
           they
           prize
           ,
           and
           care
           for
           as
           much
           as
           any
           in
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           yet
           for
           the
           present
           it
           was
           thought
           of
           greater
           necessitie
           to
           imploy
           him
           in
           that
           command
           of
           the
           Westerne
           Forces
           and
           they
           cannor
           doubt
           of
           the
           concurrence
           and
           submission
           of
           those
           well-affected
           parts
           in
           whatsoever
           is
           judged
           to
           be
           of
           publike
           advantage
           .
        
         
           Hereupon
           it
           was
           ordered
           the
           third
           of
           June
           ,
           1645
           by
           the
           Lords
           and
           Commons
           ,
           that
           Master
           
             Luke
             Nurse
          
           Major
           of
           Gloucester
           ,
           Alderman
           Singleton
           ,
           and
           Colonell
           Blunt
           ,
           or
           any
           two
           of
           them
           shall
           have
           the
           command
           of
           the
           Garrison
           of
           Gloucester
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           Forces
           and
           Garrison
           in
           Gloucestershire
           ,
           in
           as
           ample
           manner
           as
           Colonell
           Massie
           had
           till
           the
           appointed
           Governour
           come
           downe
           to
           his
           charge
           there
           ,
           or
           the
           Houses
           take
           other
           order
           .
        
         
           Colonell
           Massie
           in
           the
           meane
           while
           labours
           to
           disingage
           the
           affections
           of
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           to
           take
           off
           discontents
           and
           mutiny
           ,
           and
           beseeches
           the
           Parliament
           to
           send
           downe
           the
           succeeding
           Governour
           that
           he
           might
           seeke
           to
           interest
           him
           in
           the
           hearts
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           whom
           he
           never
           desired
           to
           indeare
           unto
           himselfe
           ,
           but
           to
           those
           Masters
           whom
           he
           served
           ,
           which
           was
           a
           full
           testimony
           of
           a
           true
           Servant
           to
           the
           State
           ,
           upon
           the
           sole
           termes
           of
           Conscience
           and
           Honour
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .