The growth of knavery and popery under the mask of presbytery
         L'Estrange, Roger, Sir, 1616-1704.
      
       
         
           1678
        
      
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             The growth of knavery and popery under the mask of presbytery
             L'Estrange, Roger, Sir, 1616-1704.
          
           [2], 94 p.
           
             Printed for Henry Brome ...,
             London :
             1678.
          
           
             Running title reads: Tyranny, and popery.
             Written by R. L'Estrange. Cf. Wing.
             Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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           Catholic Church -- Controversial literature.
           Great Britain -- History -- Charles II, 1660-1685.
        
      
    
     
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           THE
           GROWTH
           OF
           KNAVERY
           AND
           POPERY
           Under
           the
           MASK
           OF
           Presbytery
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           :
           Printed
           for
           
             Henry
             Brome
          
           ,
           at
           the
           Gun
           at
           the
           West
           End
           of
           St.
           
           Paul's
           Church-Yard
           .
           1678.
           
        
         
         
         
         
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           TYRANNY
           AND
           POPERY
           Lording
           it
           over
           the
           Consciences
           ,
           Liberties
           ,
           and
           Estates
           both
           of
           King
           and
           People
           .
        
         
           
             To
             all
             those
             that
             Love
             either
             their
             Religion
             ,
             their
             Prince
             ,
             their
             Country
             ,
             or
             Themselves
             .
          
           
             THis
             ,
             and
             no
             less
             than
             All
             This
             ,
             is
             the
             Import
             of
             the
             Matter
             in
             Question
             .
             The
             Government
             is
             charg'd
             by
             a
             Faction
             to
             be
             Tyrannically
             ,
             and
             
               Popishly
               Affected
            
             ;
             and
             This
             Pamphlet
             is
             to
             Prove
             ,
             that
             the
             very
             Faction
             which
             charges
             This
             upon
             the
             Government
             ,
             
             is
             in
             all
             Matters
             Ecclesiastical
             ,
             and
             
               Civil
               ,
               Publique
            
             and
             Particular
             ,
             the
             great
             Imposer
             ,
             and
             
               Usurper
               it self
            
             .
          
           
             But
             before
             I
             enter
             upon
             the
             Subject
             ,
             I
             do
             here
             previously
             Swear
             by
             the
             Hopes
             of
             a
             Christian
             ,
             that
             I
             am
             not
             mov'd
             to
             this
             Discourse
             by
             any
             Biass
             ,
             either
             of
             Partiality
             ,
             or
             Faction
             ;
             That
             I
             have
             no
             Aversion
             to
             the
             Party
             ,
             any
             further
             than
             as
             I
             find
             them
             the
             
               Mortal
               Enemies
            
             of
             our
             
               Government
               ,
               Laws
            
             and
             Freedoms
             ,
             and
             that
             in
             the
             Prosecution
             of
             this
             Argument
             ,
             I
             will
             not
             Press
             one
             Syllable
             ,
             (
             according
             to
             the
             best
             of
             my
             Skill
             ,
             and
             Knowledge
             )
             beyond
             the
             strict
             Limits
             of
             Truth
             ,
             and
             Reason
             ;
             My
             Purpose
             being
             only
             to
             Vncover
             the
             Pit
             ,
             that
             the
             Vnwary
             may
             not
             a
             second
             time
             run
             Headlong
             into
             the
             same
             Precipice
             .
             I
             shall
             begin
             with
             the
             Platform
             of
             the
             
               Scottish
               Presbytery
            
             ,
             and
             shew
             you
             the
             Sovereign
             ,
             and
             
               Unaccomptable
               Power
            
             which
             that
             Judicatory
             claims
             to
             it self
             .
             My
             next
             work
             will
             be
             ,
             to
             observe
             the
             Harmony
             betwixt
             Simeon
             and
             
               Levi
               ;
               Their
               Consistorians
            
             ,
             and
             Ours
             ,
             in
             the
             Frame
             ,
             and
             Scope
             of
             their
             Discipline
             .
             In
             the
             next
             place
             ,
             we
             'll
             Compare
             their
             Positions
             ,
             and
             then
             conclude
             ,
             
             with
             a
             View
             of
             their
             
               Usurpations
               ,
               Arbitrary
               Practises
            
             ,
             and
             Proceedings
             :
             and
             all
             This
             ,
             extracted
             from
             the
             Vndeniable
             Memorials
             ,
             and
             Records
             of
             the
             Times
             ,
             and
             Actions
             ,
             whereof
             we
             are
             about
             to
             Treat
             ;
             and
             in
             as
             few
             words
             as
             may
             be
             ,
             to
             speak
             Home
             to
             it
             ,
             and
             Clear.
             
          
        
         
           
             The
             Platform
             of
             the
             Scottish
             Presbytery
             .
          
           
             THe
             Presbyterial
             Government
             has
             Four
             Iudicatories
             .
             A
             Parochial
             Session
             ;
             A
             Presbyterial
             Consistory
             ;
             A
             Provincial
             Synode
             ;
             And
             A
             General
             Assembly
             .
          
           
             The
             
               Parochial
               Session
            
             is
             constituted
             of
             One
             Minister
             ,
             or
             More
             ,
             with
             a
             Competent
             Number
             of
             Lay-Elders
             (
             their
             
               Presbyteri
               non
               Docentes
            
             )
             and
             Deacons
             .
             It
             meets
             once
             a
             Week
             ,
             or
             oftner
             ,
             if
             there
             be
             Occasion
             ,
             and
             takes
             Cognizance
             of
             all
             
               Parochial
               Cases
            
             concerning
             
               External
               Order
            
             ,
             and
             Censure
             .
             If
             there
             be
             but
             One
             Minister
             in
             the
             Parish
             ,
             he
             is
             Constant
             Moderatour
             :
             If
             More
             ,
             they
             take
             their
             Turns
             as
             
             they
             can
             agree
             upon
             't
             ;
             and
             they
             are
             all
             of
             them
             Equal
             in
             Honour
             ,
             and
             Jurisdiction
             .
             There
             passes
             no
             Act
             without
             the
             Joynt
             Consent
             of
             the
             
               Minister
               ,
               Lay-Elders
            
             ,
             and
             Deacons
             ;
             or
             
               Plurality
               of
               Votes
            
             ;
             and
             Note
             ,
             that
             the
             Minister
             has
             no
             
               Casting
               Voice
            
             .
             The
             Power
             of
             Binding
             ,
             or
             Loosing
             ;
             of
             
               Censures
               Ecclesiastical
            
             ;
             and
             of
             
               External
               Order
            
             ,
             and
             Worship
             ,
             is
             Radically
             ,
             and
             Equally
             in
             All
             :
             So
             that
             the
             Lay-Elders
             ,
             and
             Deacons
             have
             as
             much
             
               the
               Power
               of
               the
               Keys
            
             ,
             as
             the
             Ministers
             .
          
           
             To
             support
             this
             Jurisdiction
             ,
             they
             have
             their
             
               Four
               Sacred
               Orders
            
             ,
             which
             they
             challenge
             to
             be
             of
             
               Divine
               Right
            
             .
             First
             .
             Their
             
               Preaching
               Elders
            
             .
             (
             whom
             they
             call
             Ministers
             .
             )
             Secondly
             .
             Doctors
             (
             or
             University
             Professors
             .
             )
             Thirdly
             .
             Lay
             ,
             or
             Ruling-Elders
             ,
             who
             have
             as
             much
             Authority
             in
             the
             Debate
             ,
             and
             Decision
             of
             Matters
             of
             Faith
             ,
             Worship
             ,
             Polity
             ,
             Ecclesiastical
             Censures
             ;
             as
             the
             Preaching-Elders
             .
             Fourthly
             .
             Deacons
             .
             Take
             notice
             that
             their
             Lay-Elders
             ,
             and
             Deacons
             are
             Annual
             ,
             and
             Consequently
             one
             Year
             Sacred
             ,
             and
             Another
             Profane
             .
          
           
             This
             Session
             meddles
             only
             with
             things
             Parochial
             ,
             as
             the
             Ordering
             of
             the
             Parish-Church
             ,
             
             and
             
               Peculiar
               Service
            
             ;
             the
             Censure
             of
             
               Lesser
               Scandals
            
             ;
             as
             Fornication
             ,
             Drunkenness
             ,
             Scolding
             ,
             Sabboth-breaking
             ,
             &c.
             
             And
             in
             Difficult
             Cases
             ,
             they
             apply
             themselves
             to
             the
             Presbytery
             .
          
           
             In
             their
             Censures
             ,
             they
             impose
             
               Civil
               Punishments
            
             ,
             and
             Fines
             ;
             they
             Emprison
             Offenders
             at
             pleasure
             ;
             Cart
             them
             through
             the
             Town
             ;
             set
             them
             in
             Pillories
             ;
             Shave
             one
             Half
             of
             their
             Heads
             ;
             Cut
             off
             their
             Beards
             :
             Nay
             ,
             they
             take
             upon
             them
             by
             their
             own
             Authority
             to
             Banish
             whom
             they
             please
             out
             of
             the
             Bounds
             of
             the
             Parish
             ;
             which
             is
             a
             Direct
             Usurpation
             of
             
               Sovereign
               Power
            
             :
             In
             Case
             of
             a
             Pecuniary
             Mulct
             inflicted
             ,
             or
             of
             a
             Child
             born
             in
             Fornication
             ,
             they
             will
             not
             allow
             the
             Infant
             to
             be
             Baptiz'd
             ,
             if
             either
             of
             the
             Parents
             have
             not
             paid
             the
             Fine
             ,
             or
             secur'd
             it
             ,
             or
             satisfi'd
             the
             Church
             .
          
           
             The
             Presbytery
             is
             next
             ;
             and
             it
             is
             made
             up
             in
             some
             places
             ,
             of
             More
             ,
             in
             others
             ,
             of
             
               Fewer
               Parishes
            
             ,
             and
             the
             King
             himself
             is
             not
             Exempt
             from
             the
             Power
             ,
             and
             Jurisdiction
             of
             this
             Consistory
             ;
             nor
             in
             Effect
             from
             the
             Authority
             of
             the
             very
             
               Parochial
               
               Session
            
             ,
             living
             within
             the
             Precinct
             ,
             either
             of
             the
             One
             ,
             or
             of
             the
             Other
             .
             This
             Iudicatory
             is
             Compos'd
             of
             all
             the
             
               Parochial
               Ministers
            
             within
             its
             Compass
             ,
             and
             a
             Lay-Elder
             for
             
               Each
               Parish
            
             :
             so
             that
             the
             Lay-Elders
             are
             Equal
             to
             the
             
               Preaching
               Elders
            
             both
             in
             Number
             ,
             and
             Power
             ;
             and
             a
             Botchers
             Vote
             goes
             as
             far
             under
             that
             Capacity
             ,
             in
             Divine
             Matters
             ,
             as
             the
             Voice
             of
             the
             most
             Reverend
             ,
             and
             Learned
             of
             the
             Clergy
             ;
             only
             a
             Lay-Elder
             cannot
             properly
             be
             a
             Moderatour
             ;
             tho'
             in
             several
             Cases
             they
             have
             dispens'd
             with
             that
             Scruple
             .
          
           
             This
             Court
             takes
             Cognizance
             First
             ,
             Of
             what
             is
             Referr'd
             ,
             or
             Presented
             to
             them
             from
             every
             
               Individual
               Parish
            
             .
             2.
             
             Of
             all
             
               Capital
               Crimes
            
             ,
             and
             Scandals
             of
             the
             Highest
             Degree
             .
             3.
             
             Of
             such
             Offences
             as
             fall
             under
             the
             Censure
             of
             
               Excommunication
               .
               4.
            
             
             Of
             all
             Appeals
             from
             Sessions
             .
             5.
             
             Of
             all
             Differences
             that
             cannot
             be
             Compos'd
             ,
             or
             Determin'd
             in
             the
             
               Parochial
               Conclave
               .
               6.
            
             
             Of
             the
             Visitation
             ,
             and
             Censure
             of
             what
             's
             amiss
             in
             
               Every
               Parish
            
             ,
             either
             in
             Preacher
             ,
             or
             Other
             .
             7.
             
             Of
             the
             appointing
             of
             Readers
             ,
             and
             School-masters
             .
          
           
           
             They
             meet
             commonly
             once
             a
             Week
             ,
             or
             a
             Fortnight
             ;
             at
             which
             Meetings
             ,
             all
             the
             Ministers
             ,
             in
             their
             Turns
             ,
             Exercise
             (
             as
             they
             call
             it
             )
             in
             the
             expounding
             ,
             and
             applying
             of
             Texts
             of
             Scripture
             :
             In
             these
             Exercises
             they
             have
             a
             sort
             of
             People
             which
             they
             call
             Expectants
             of
             such
             or
             such
             a
             Presbytery
             ,
             who
             are
             Licensed
             to
             Preach
             in
             any
             Parish-Church
             within
             its
             Bounds
             .
             These
             Expectants
             have
             usually
             some
             smattering
             in
             Divinity
             ;
             as
             Country-School-Masters
             ,
             or
             the
             like
             :
             and
             they
             are
             Authoriz'd
             to
             do
             all
             
               Ministerial
               Acts
            
             ,
             except
             Baptizing
             ,
             or
             Administring
             the
             
               Lord's
               Supper
            
             ;
             without
             
               Holy
               Orders
               ,
               Imposition
               of
               Hands
               ,
            
             or
             any
             Qualification
             for
             the
             Sacred
             Function
             .
             There
             are
             more
             or
             fewer
             Presbyteries
             in
             a
             County
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             Number
             of
             Parishes
             ;
             but
             all
             of
             them
             Independent
             One
             from
             Another
             :
             If
             the
             King
             himself
             be
             Cited
             ,
             he
             must
             Appear
             ,
             or
             be
             Excommunicate
             for
             Contempt
             ;
             and
             submit
             his
             Earthly
             Scepter
             to
             their
             
               Scepter
               of
               Christ
            
             ,
             as
             they
             term
             it
             ,
             and
             from
             thence
             ,
             receive
             
               Christ's
               Laws
            
             ,
             and
             Ordinances
             .
             As
             no
             Person
             is
             Exempt
             ,
             so
             neither
             is
             any
             Crime
             whatsoever
             that
             
             is
             either
             Committed
             ,
             or
             suspected
             to
             be
             Committed
             within
             the
             Limits
             of
             their
             Jurisdiction
             ;
             but
             they
             hook
             it
             in
             ,
             as
             
               scandalous
               to
               a
               Christian
               Profession
            
             .
          
           
             A
             
               Provincial
               Synode
            
             is
             an
             
               Associate
               Body
            
             of
             the
             Commissioners
             chosen
             out
             of
             all
             the
             
               Individual
               Presbyteries
            
             ,
             within
             the
             Precinct
             of
             the
             Province
             :
             they
             meet
             twice
             or
             thrice
             a
             year
             ,
             and
             Exercise
             an
             Over-ruling
             Power
             over
             all
             the
             Presbyteries
             within
             that
             Province
             ,
             in
             such
             manner
             as
             the
             Presbytery
             superintends
             the
             
               Parochial
               Session
            
             .
             In
             this
             Iudicatory
             the
             Leading
             men
             of
             the
             Faction
             lay
             their
             Heads
             together
             ;
             form
             their
             Projects
             ;
             and
             when
             the
             Commissioners
             return
             from
             hence
             to
             their
             several
             Presbyteries
             ,
             they
             intimate
             to
             the
             Particular
             Ministers
             what
             Points
             they
             are
             to
             Preach
             upon
             ,
             for
             the
             Advancement
             of
             those
             Designs
             .
          
           
             The
             
               General
               Assembly
            
             is
             Sovereign
             ,
             and
             Independent
             :
             Hither
             lies
             
               the
               Last
               Appeal
            
             ,
             and
             the
             Jurisdiction
             of
             it
             is
             Universal
             in
             what
             concerns
             
               Ecclesiastical
               Matters
            
             ,
             and
             Persons
             ,
             or
             Temporals
             in
             Order
             to
             Spirituals
             .
             
             They
             look
             upon
             themselves
             as
             immediately
             Entrusted
             by
             Christ
             ,
             and
             to
             Him
             only
             do
             they
             hold
             themselves
             Accomptable
             .
             Whosoever
             does
             not
             obey
             this
             Sovereignty
             ,
             (
             tho'
             the
             King
             himself
             )
             he
             is
             to
             be
             Excommunicate
             ,
             and
             the
             Nobility
             ,
             Gentry
             ,
             Collective
             Body
             ;
             nay
             ,
             every
             Individual
             Person
             is
             to
             assist
             to
             the
             Compelling
             ,
             Censuring
             ,
             and
             Punishing
             of
             him
             to
             the
             Utmost
             of
             his
             Power
             .
             So
             that
             the
             King
             himself
             is
             at
             their
             Command
             ,
             and
             to
             order
             the
             Execution
             of
             their
             Censures
             ,
             in
             Estate
             ,
             Body
             ,
             Life
             ,
             and
             Death
             .
          
           
             To
             This
             
               Iudicatory
               Two
               Preaching
               Elders
            
             ,
             and
             a
             Lay-Elder
             are
             sent
             as
             Commissioners
             from
             every
             Presbytery
             in
             the
             Kingdome
             ;
             so
             that
             the
             Clergy
             have
             thus
             far
             ,
             Two
             to
             One
             :
             but
             then
             reckoning
             that
             every
             Borough
             ,
             and
             Corporation
             sends
             
               One
               Commissioner
            
             ,
             and
             the
             Vniversities
             ,
             and
             
               Colledges
               their
               Commissioners
            
             too
             ,
             which
             are
             most
             of
             them
             Lay-men
             ,
             this
             
               Assembly
               of
               the
               Kirk
            
             is
             turn'd
             into
             a
             
               Council
               of
               State.
            
             
          
           
             The
             King
             himself
             is
             also
             a
             Member
             of
             this
             Assembly
             ,
             either
             Personally
             by
             Himself
             ,
             
             or
             Virtually
             by
             his
             Commissioner
             ;
             but
             without
             a
             Negative
             Voice
             ,
             or
             any
             Power
             there
             ,
             beyond
             that
             of
             a
             Lay-Elder
             :
             The
             Major
             Part
             carries
             it
             ,
             and
             whatsoever
             They
             Vote
             ,
             (
             tho'
             against
             the
             Kings
             Opinion
             ,
             and
             Conscience
             )
             he
             is
             bound
             to
             see
             it
             put
             in
             Execution
             ,
             upon
             pain
             of
             being
             Excommunicate
             ,
             and
             Depos'd
             from
             his
             Government
             .
             And
             if
             any
             thing
             be
             propos'd
             in
             this
             Assembly
             ,
             as
             Spiritual
             ,
             (
             tho'
             never
             so
             hazzardous
             to
             the
             Crown
             )
             if
             they
             tell
             you
             that
             it
             is
             for
             
               Christ's
               Glory
            
             ,
             there
             's
             no
             opposing
             of
             it
             in
             favour
             of
             the
             Publick
             Peace
             ,
             or
             State.
             The
             Proper
             President
             is
             a
             
               Preaching
               Elder
            
             ,
             and
             this
             Iudicatory
             they
             accempt
             as
             
               Christ's
               highest
               Tribunal
               upon
               Earth
            
             ,
             from
             whence
             there
             lies
             no
             Appeal
             .
             They
             are
             oblig'd
             to
             meet
             once
             a
             year
             ,
             and
             they
             Indict
             ,
             and
             Adjourn
             themselves
             by
             their
             own
             Power
             ,
             without
             allowing
             the
             King
             to
             appoint
             either
             the
             Time
             ,
             or
             the
             Place
             ,
             only
             if
             there
             be
             any
             Occasion
             of
             meeting
             before
             the
             time
             set
             ,
             their
             Commissioners
             give
             an
             Accompt
             of
             it
             to
             the
             King.
             
          
           
             The
             steps
             by
             which
             they
             mounted
             to
             this
             Arbitrary
             Jurisdiction
             were
             ,
             A
             Dislike
             ,
             
             First
             ,
             Of
             the
             Church-Government
             .
             Secondly
             ,
             Of
             the
             Church-Governours
             .
             Thirdly
             ,
             They
             propos'd
             a
             Reformation
             after
             the
             
             Geneva-Copy
             ;
             which
             not
             being
             admitted
             ,
             Fourthly
             ,
             They
             fram'd
             a
             Model
             of
             their
             Own.
             And
             lastly
             ;
             by
             Fraud
             ,
             Violence
             ,
             and
             Rebellion
             they
             Impos'd
             it
             upon
             the
             Nation
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             English
             Presbytery
             .
          
           
             THis
             was
             the
             Method
             also
             ,
             and
             the
             Design
             of
             the
             
               English
               Disciplinarians
            
             ,
             under
             Queen
             Elizabeth
             ,
             as
             appears
             by
             the
             Records
             of
             those
             times
             ,
             tho'
             many
             particulars
             of
             the
             Conspiracy
             were
             never
             brought
             to
             Light.
             The
             Examples
             of
             Geneva
             ,
             and
             Scotland
             ,
             were
             at
             every
             turn
             press'd
             upon
             the
             English
             ;
             and
             a
             Confederacy
             was
             carry'd
             on
             in
             Both
             Nations
             ,
             for
             the
             Erecting
             of
             the
             
               same
               Platform
            
             of
             
               Presbyterial
               Discipline
            
             ;
             which
             one
             Davison
             ,
             a
             Scotch-man
             ,
             affirms
             
               to
               have
               no
               less
               Warrant
               to
               be
               continu'd
               perpetually
               within
               the
               Church
               ,
               under
               this
               Precept
               ,
            
             Feed
             my
             Sheep
             ,
             
               than
               hath
               the
               Preaching
               of
               the
               Word
               ,
               or
               the
               Administration
               
               of
               the
               Sacraments
               .
            
             From
             1560
             ,
             to
             1572
             ,
             they
             vented
             their
             Spleen
             only
             in
             Libels
             ,
             and
             Conventicles
             .
             In
             Novemb.
             72.
             they
             Erected
             a
             Presbytery
             at
             Wandesworth
             in
             Surry
             ;
             and
             from
             that
             time
             ,
             to
             1583
             ,
             their
             Design
             was
             agitated
             in
             secret
             Meetings
             ,
             which
             they
             call'd
             Conferences
             ,
             wherein
             ,
             (
             at
             a
             London-Meeting
             )
             they
             came
             to
             This
             Conclusion
             ,
             
               That
               the
               Present
               Government
               of
               the
               Church
               by
            
             Arch-Bishops
             ,
             and
             Bishops
             is
             Anti-Christian
             ,
             
               and
               that
               the
               only
            
             Discipline
             ,
             and
             Government
             of
             Christ
             ,
             
               that
               is
               ,
               by
            
             Pastors
             ,
             Doctors
             ,
             Elders
             ,
             and
             Deacons
             ,
             
               shall
               be
               Establish'd
               in
               Place
               of
               the
               Other
               .
            
             In
             1583
             ,
             Their
             Book
             of
             Discipline
             is
             Drawn
             up
             ;
             (
             which
             they
             call'd
             the
             
               Synodical
               Discipline
            
             ,
             and
             an
             Assembly
             being
             held
             upon
             it
             ,
             among
             other
             Decrees
             ,
             it
             was
             order'd
             ,
             
               That
               the
            
             Comitial
             Assemblies
             
               are
               to
               be
               monished
               ,
               to
               make
               Collections
               for
               Relief
               of
               the
               Poor
               ,
               and
               of
               Scholars
               :
               but
               especially
               for
               Relief
               of
               such
               Ministers
               here
               ,
               as
               are
               put
               out
               for
               not
               Subscribing
               to
               the
               Articles
               tender'd
               by
               the
               Bishops
               :
               also
               for
               Relief
               of
            
             Scottish
             Ministers
             ,
             &c.
             
             These
             
               Scottish
               Ministers
            
             were
             they
             that
             Justify'd
             the
             Rebellious
             Act
             of
             
             making
             King
             Iames
             a
             Prisoner
             in
             1583.
             and
             took
             Sanctuary
             in
             England
             ,
             upon
             the
             Parliaments
             Declaring
             it
             Treason
             :
             And
             who
             so
             proper
             Instruments
             as
             They
             ,
             for
             the
             Promoting
             of
             another
             Rebellion
             in
             England
             ?
             Their
             Book
             of
             Discipline
             was
             review'd
             ,
             and
             put
             in
             Practice
             ,
             in
             1587.
             
             In
             1589
             it
             was
             Perfected
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             Year
             following
             ,
             the
             Conspiracy
             was
             detected
             ;
             when
             ,
             upon
             Examinations
             of
             
               Littleton
               ,
               Edmunds
               ,
               Iohnson
               ,
               Barbon
               ,
               Holms
               ,
               Brown
               ,
               &c.
            
             it
             appear'd
             ,
             that
             the
             Discipline
             was
             Fram'd
             ,
             Subscrib'd
             ,
             and
             Carry'd
             on
             ,
             in
             all
             Respects
             after
             the
             
               Scottish
               Project
            
             ,
             and
             Model
             .
          
           
             By
             Publique
             Justice
             upon
             some
             of
             the
             Principal
             Incendiaries
             ,
             and
             King
             Iames
             his
             Vigilance
             ,
             and
             Care
             afterwards
             ,
             the
             Consistorians
             were
             for
             a
             long
             time
             kept
             within
             some
             tolerable
             Compass
             .
             Their
             Mouths
             were
             stopt
             ,
             upon
             the
             Conference
             at
             
               Hampton-Court
               ,
               Anno
            
             1603
             ,
             with
             a
             strict
             Proclamation
             for
             the
             Observing
             of
             an
             Vniformity
             in
             the
             
               Church
               :
               Episcopacy
            
             was
             restor'd
             in
             Scotland
             in
             1610
             ,
             and
             an
             Act
             pass'd
             in
             a
             General
             Assembly
             at
             Aberdeen
             in
             1616
             ,
             Authorizing
             the
             Compiling
             ,
             
             and
             Framing
             a
             Publique
             Form
             of
             Liturgy
             ,
             or
             Book
             of
             Common
             Prayer
             to
             be
             first
             presented
             to
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             after
             his
             Approbation
             ,
             to
             be
             Universally
             receiv'd
             throughout
             the
             Kingdome
             :
             Which
             Book
             ,
             pursuant
             to
             the
             Act
             ,
             was
             by
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             of
             
               St.
               Andrews
            
             sent
             up
             to
             his
             Majesty
             ,
             and
             by
             himself
             ,
             and
             his
             Order
             ,
             Examin'd
             ,
             Corrected
             ,
             and
             Return'd
             :
             But
             his
             Majesty
             dy'd
             before
             it
             could
             be
             put
             in
             Practice
             .
             And
             this
             was
             the
             Book
             ,
             which
             with
             very
             little
             Alteration
             ,
             and
             That
             too
             ,
             in
             favour
             of
             their
             pretended
             Scruples
             ,
             was
             by
             the
             late
             King's
             Proclamation
             in
             1637
             ,
             commanded
             to
             be
             publickly
             Us'd
             in
             all
             Counties
             of
             that
             Kingdome
             .
             There
             were
             also
             diverse
             of
             the
             English
             Rites
             and
             Ceremonies
             settled
             in
             1618
             ,
             by
             Five
             Articles
             that
             pass'd
             the
             Assembly
             at
             Perth
             ;
             Which
             Articles
             cost
             King
             Iames
             an
             Expensive
             Journey
             into
             Scotland
             the
             Year
             before
             ;
             where
             he
             was
             forc'd
             to
             tell
             them
             plainly
             ,
             in
             a
             Speech
             at
             St.
             
               Andrews
               ,
               That
               it
               was
               a
               Power
               belonging
               to
               all
               Christian
               Princes
               to
               order
               Matters
               in
               the
               Church
            
             ;
             and
             that
             
               he
               would
               never
               regard
               what
               they
               Approv'd
               ,
               or
               Disapprov'd
               ,
               
               except
               they
               brought
               him
               a
               Reason
               which
               he
               could
               not
               Answer
               .
            
             To
             which
             ,
             upon
             Consideration
             they
             made
             his
             Majesty
             this
             Return
             ,
             
               That
               if
               he
               would
               grant
               them
               a
               Free
               Assembly
               ,
               they
               would
               therein
               satisfie
               his
               Majesty
               in
               all
               the
               Points
               he
               had
               propounded
               .
            
             The
             King
             depending
             upon
             it
             ,
             return'd
             into
             England
             ,
             and
             the
             day
             of
             the
             Assembly
             being
             come
             ,
             and
             nothing
             done
             according
             to
             their
             Promise
             ;
             his
             Majesty
             went
             a
             short
             way
             to
             Work
             with
             them
             ,
             and
             took
             away
             their
             Augmentations
             ,
             that
             he
             had
             formerly
             allow'd
             them
             out
             of
             the
             Exchequer
             ,
             which
             brought
             down
             their
             Stomacks
             ,
             and
             made
             Way
             for
             the
             passing
             of
             the
             aforesaid
             Articles
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             not
             my
             Intent
             to
             write
             any
             thing
             more
             of
             the
             History
             of
             the
             Times
             ,
             than
             what
             I
             find
             pertinent
             to
             my
             present
             purpurpose
             :
             so
             that
             passing
             over
             the
             Grumblings
             ,
             and
             Mutinous
             Dispositions
             that
             appear'd
             in
             the
             Remainder
             of
             King
             Iames
             ;
             and
             the
             First
             Seaven
             or
             Eight
             Years
             of
             King
             Charles
             his
             Reign
             ;
             I
             shall
             only
             tell
             you
             ,
             by
             way
             of
             Introduction
             to
             what
             follows
             ,
             that
             the
             late
             King
             (
             having
             before-hand
             order'd
             a
             Convention
             of
             the
             
             Estates
             )
             upon
             the
             13th
             of
             May
             ,
             1633.
             began
             his
             Journey
             towards
             Scotland
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             his
             Personal
             Coronation
             ,
             where
             he
             was
             receiv'd
             with
             a
             Pomp
             ,
             and
             Acclamation
             ,
             befitting
             the
             Dignity
             ,
             and
             the
             Solemnity
             of
             the
             Occasion
             .
             His
             first
             Work
             was
             to
             ratifie
             the
             Laws
             ,
             and
             Statutes
             of
             his
             Predecessour
             ,
             in
             Relation
             to
             Church-Government
             ;
             which
             pass'd
             not
             without
             some
             Opposition
             :
             but
             the
             
               Commission
               of
               Surrenders
            
             went
             yet
             nearer
             them
             ,
             tho'
             both
             the
             
               Owners
               of
               Lands
            
             ,
             and
             the
             Ministers
             were
             so
             abundantly
             satisfi'd
             ,
             that
             
               the
               Former
            
             (
             as
             the
             King
             himself
             says
             in
             his
             large
             Declaration
             ,
             
               pag.
               9.
               )
               acknowledg'd
               it
               as
               a
               Deliverance
               from
               an
               Intolerable
               Bondage
               ,
               under
               which
               They
               and
               their
               Ancestours
               ,
               ever
               since
               the
               Reformation
               of
               Religion
               ,
               had
               grievously
               Groan'd
               ;
               and
               the
               Other
               ,
               with
               Infinite
               Gratitude
               Celebrated
               his
               Majesty
               ,
               as
               the
               Father
               ,
               and
               Founder
               of
               their
               Churches
               .
            
             The
             Case
             was
             this
             ,
             (
             as
             Heylin
             renders
             it
             in
             his
             
               Cyprianus
               Anglicus
               ,
               pag.
               224.
               )
               In
               the
               Minority
               of
               King
            
             James
             ,
             
               the
               Lands
               of
               all
            
             Cathedral
             Churches
             ,
             and
             Religious
             Houses
             ,
             
               which
               had
               been
               settl'd
               on
               the
               Crown
               by
               Act
               of
               Parliament
               ,
               
               were
               shar'd
               among
               the
               Lords
               ,
               and
               Great
               Men
               of
               that
               Kingdom
               ,
               (
               by
               the
               Connivance
               of
               the
               Earl
               of
            
             Murray
             
               and
               some
               other
               of
               the
            
             Regents
             ,
             )
             
               to
               make
               them
               sure
               unto
               that
               side
               :
               and
               They
               ,
               being
               thus
               possess'd
               of
               the
               Lands
               ,
               with
               the
               Regalities
               ,
               and
               Tithes
               belonging
               to
               these
               Ecclesiastical
               Corporations
               ,
               held
               the
               Clergy
               to
               small
               Stipends
               ,
               and
               the
               Peasantry
               in
               Vassallage
               .
            
             His
             Majesty
             was
             advis'd
             by
             Council
             ,
             to
             take
             them
             into
             his
             own
             hand
             ,
             
               the
               present
               Occupants
               having
               no
               other
               Title
               to
               them
               ,
               than
               the
               Vnjust
               Vsurpation
               of
               their
               Predecessors
               .
            
             And
             this
             was
             carri'd
             in
             such
             a
             Manner
             too
             ,
             that
             the
             very
             Nobility
             ,
             and
             Lay-Patrons
             could
             not
             open
             their
             Mouths
             against
             it
             ;
             for
             they
             were
             satisfi'd
             for
             their
             Tithes
             ,
             to
             the
             Uttermost
             Farthing
             ,
             only
             they
             lost
             the
             Dependency
             of
             the
             Clergy
             and
             Laity
             upon
             them
             ,
             by
             Virtue
             of
             these
             Tithes
             ,
             and
             Consequently
             the
             Power
             of
             making
             a
             Party
             to
             Embroil
             the
             Government
             .
             They
             contented
             themselves
             within
             the
             Bounds
             of
             Libels
             ,
             and
             Clamours
             ,
             till
             that
             Rebellious
             Outrage
             in
             the
             great
             Church
             of
             Edinburgh
             ,
             on
             the
             23
             of
             Iuly
             ,
             1637.
             
             Which
             was
             no
             more
             
             than
             the
             Emprovement
             of
             an
             Occasion
             to
             put
             the
             Principles
             of
             the
             Consistory
             in
             Execution
             .
             I
             'le
             make
             some
             amends
             for
             the
             length
             of
             this
             Digression
             ,
             by
             Contracting
             my self
             upon
             the
             Discipline
             which
             was
             afterward
             Erected
             in
             England
             ,
             after
             the
             
               Scotch
               Pattern
            
             .
          
           
             It
             will
             be
             a
             hard
             matter
             to
             pass
             from
             1637
             ,
             to
             1648
             without
             taking
             some
             Notice
             of
             the
             Horrid
             Distempers
             in
             that
             Interval
             :
             I
             shall
             only
             tell
             you
             that
             after
             three
             or
             four
             Years
             spent
             in
             Dissolving
             the
             Legal
             Government
             ,
             and
             Debating
             what
             we
             should
             have
             in
             the
             Place
             of
             it
             ;
             Out
             comes
             the
             
               Directory
               ,
               Ian.
            
             3.
             1644.
             with
             an
             Ordinance
             of
             the
             Lords
             and
             Commons
             ,
             for
             the
             Authorizing
             of
             it
             .
             And
             afterward
             ,
             Aug.
             23.
             1645.
             another
             Ordinance
             ,
             for
             the
             more
             effectual
             Execution
             of
             it
             ;
             which
             was
             follow'd
             ,
             Iun.
             5.
             with
             an
             Ordinance
             for
             the
             present
             Settling
             of
             it
             without
             further
             Delay
             ,
             and
             Aug.
             19.
             1646.
             with
             
               Directions
               for
               the
               Chusing
               of
            
             Ruling-Elders
             
               in
               all
               the
            
             Congregations
             ,
             
               and
               in
               the
            
             Classical
             Assemblies
             
               for
               the
               Cities
               of
            
             London
             ,
             and
             Westminster
             ,
             
               and
               the
               several
               
               Counties
               of
               that
               Kingdom
               ,
               in
               order
               to
               the
               speedy
               settling
               of
               the
            
             Presbyterial
             Government
             .
             There
             pass'd
             also
             an
             Ordinance
             for
             
               the
               manner
               of
            
             Ordination
             
               of
               Misters
               ,
               with
               Rules
               for
               Examination
               ,
               and
               Suspension
               from
               the
               Holy
               Supper
               ,
            
             &c.
             And
             Another
             of
             
               Ianuary
               29.
               1647.
               for
               the
               speedy
               dividing
               ,
               and
               settling
               the
               several
               Counties
               of
               this
               Kingdom
               into
               Distinct
            
             Classical
             Presbyteries
             ,
             and
             Congregational
             Elderships
             :
             and
             they
             came
             at
             last
             ,
             Aug.
             29.
             1648.
             to
             
               The
               Form
               of
            
             Church
             Government
             ,
             
               to
               be
               us'd
               in
               the
               Church
               of
            
             England
             ,
             and
             Ireland
             ,
             
               agreed
               upon
               by
               the
               Lords
               and
               Commons
               assembled
               in
               Parliament
               ,
               after
               Advice
               had
               with
               the
               Assembly
               of
               Divines
               .
            
             And
             all
             This
             ,
             toward
             the
             Promoting
             of
             an
             Union
             with
             the
             Kirk
             of
             Scotland
             .
             I
             should
             have
             told
             you
             of
             the
             Ordinance
             of
             Iun.
             12.
             1643.
             for
             the
             calling
             an
             Assembly
             of
             Learned
             ,
             and
             
               Godly
               Divines
            
             ,
             to
             be
             consulted
             with
             by
             the
             Parliament
             ,
             for
             the
             settling
             of
             the
             Government
             of
             the
             Church
             :
             The
             Knights
             of
             every
             Shire
             to
             make
             Choice
             of
             Two
             ,
             that
             should
             serve
             as
             Members
             for
             That
             County
             :
             and
             These
             ,
             in
             Conjunction
             with
             so
             
             many
             of
             the
             Members
             of
             Both
             Houses
             ,
             as
             might
             serve
             to
             inspect
             their
             Actions
             ,
             took
             upon
             them
             the
             Powers
             ,
             and
             Authothority
             of
             a
             Convocation
             .
          
           
             The
             Form
             of
             their
             Government
             was
             the
             same
             with
             That
             of
             Scotland
             :
             They
             had
             their
             
               Congregational
               ,
               Classical
               ,
               Provincial
            
             ,
             and
             
               National
               Assemblies
            
             ;
             with
             the
             same
             degrees
             of
             Subordination
             ,
             and
             Vested
             ,
             in
             Proportion
             ,
             with
             the
             same
             Powers
             .
             They
             had
             their
             Expectants
             too
             ,
             and
             the
             Constitution
             of
             their
             several
             Iudicatories
             was
             the
             very
             same
             ;
             only
             the
             Lords
             ,
             and
             Commons
             (
             under
             the
             Notion
             of
             a
             Committee
             for
             judging
             of
             Scandal
             )
             were
             so
             wise
             as
             to
             reserve
             the
             
               Last
               Appeal
            
             to
             Themselves
             ,
             which
             was
             formerly
             lodg'd
             in
             the
             
               General
               Assembly
            
             ;
             by
             which
             Device
             ,
             the
             Schism
             was
             made
             subservient
             to
             the
             Rebellion
             ;
             whereas
             in
             Scotland
             it
             was
             the
             clear
             contrary
             .
             And
             they
             had
             also
             another
             Hank
             upon
             them
             ,
             in
             appointing
             that
             the
             
               National
               Assembly
            
             should
             meet
             upon
             a
             Summons
             by
             Parliament
             ,
             and
             then
             sit
             ,
             and
             continue
             ,
             as
             the
             Parliament
             should
             order
             ,
             and
             not
             Otherwise
             :
             for
             they
             were
             not
             able
             to
             consent
             
             (
             they
             said
             )
             in
             a
             Declaration
             of
             the
             House
             of
             Commons
             ,
             Apr.
             17.
             1646.
             
             )
             to
             their
             
               Granting
               of
               an
            
             Arbitrary
             ,
             and
             Unlimited
             Power
             ,
             and
             Jurisdiction
             ,
             
               to
               near
            
             ten
             thousand
             Judicatories
             ,
             
               to
               be
               Erected
               in
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               which
               could
               not
               be
               consistent
               with
               the
               Fundamental
               Laws
               ,
               and
               Government
               of
               it
               ;
               and
               which
               ,
               by
               necessary
               Consequence
               ,
               did
               Exclude
               the
               Parliament
               from
               having
               any
               thing
               to
               do
               in
               That
               Iurisdiction
               .
            
             But
             the
             Nation
             is
             never
             the
             better
             yet
             for
             This
             Caution
             ,
             so
             long
             as
             the
             Tyranny
             ,
             and
             the
             Slavery
             is
             still
             the
             same
             .
          
           
             From
             this
             View
             of
             their
             
               Brotherly
               Agreement
            
             in
             Government
             we
             shall
             now
             proceed
             to
             their
             Harmony
             in
             Positions
             ;
             and
             our
             Brethren
             of
             Scotland
             shall
             lead
             the
             Way
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             Positions
             of
             the
             Kirk
             ,
             under
             the
             Queen
             Regent
             ,
             and
             James
             VI.
             
          
           
             THe
             Punishment
             of
             such
             Crimes
             (
             
               says
               Knox
            
             )
             as
             touch
             the
             Majesty
             of
             God
             ,
             doth
             not
             appertain
             to
             Kings
             ,
             and
             Chief
             Rulers
             only
             ,
             but
             to
             the
             whole
             Body
             of
             the
             People
             ,
             
             and
             to
             every
             Member
             of
             it
             ,
             as
             Occasion
             ,
             Calling
             ,
             and
             Ability
             shall
             serve
             :
             Nay
             ,
             they
             are
             bound
             by
             Othe
             to
             God
             ,
             to
             Revenge
             the
             Injury
             done
             to
             his
             Majesty
             .
             If
             Princes
             be
             Tyrants
             against
             God
             ,
             and
             his
             Truth
             ,
             their
             Subjects
             are
             discharg'd
             from
             their
             Othes
             of
             Obedience
             .
             The
             Nobility
             ,
             and
             Commonalty
             ought
             indeed
             to
             Reform
             Religion
             ;
             and
             in
             that
             Case
             ,
             may
             remove
             from
             Honour
             ,
             and
             Punish
             such
             as
             God
             has
             Condemn'd
             ;
             of
             what
             Estate
             ,
             Condition
             ,
             or
             Degree
             soever
             .
             It
             is
             not
             Birth-Right
             only
             ,
             nor
             Nearness
             of
             Bloud
             ,
             that
             maketh
             a
             King
             Lawfully
             to
             Reign
             over
             a
             People
             professing
             
               Christ
               Jesus
            
             ;
             but
             Princes
             ,
             for
             Iust
             Causes
             ,
             may
             be
             Depos'd
             .
             Kings
             ,
             Princes
             ,
             and
             Governours
             ,
             have
             their
             Authority
             of
             the
             People
             ;
             and
             ,
             upon
             Occasion
             ,
             the
             People
             may
             take
             it
             away
             again
             .
             
               Thus
               far
            
             Knox
             ;
             
               Now
               for
               Buchanan
            
             .
          
           
             The
             People
             (
             
               says
               he
            
             )
             have
             the
             same
             Power
             over
             the
             King
             ,
             which
             He
             has
             over
             any
             One
             Man
             ;
             They
             are
             Better
             than
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             of
             Greater
             Authority
             ,
             and
             may
             bestow
             the
             Crown
             at
             Pleasure
             .
             The
             making
             of
             Laws
             belongs
             to
             Them
             :
             They
             may
             Arraign
             their
             Prince
             ;
             The
             Ministers
             may
             Excommunicate
             
             him
             ;
             and
             He
             that
             by
             Excommunication
             is
             cast
             into
             Hell
             ,
             is
             not
             worthy
             to
             Enjoy
             any
             Life
             upon
             Earth
             .
             It
             were
             Good
             (
             
               says
               he
            
             )
             that
             Rewards
             were
             appointed
             by
             the
             People
             ,
             for
             such
             as
             should
             Kill
             Tyrants
             ;
             as
             there
             are
             for
             those
             that
             Kill
             Wolves
             ,
             or
             Bears
             ,
             or
             take
             their
             Whelps
             .
          
           
             The
             Seizing
             ,
             and
             Emprisoning
             of
             King
             Iames
             ,
             in
             Aug.
             1582.
             being
             Adjudg'd
             Treason
             by
             the
             Three
             Estates
             ,
             in
             Decemb.
             18.
             1583.
             and
             some
             of
             the
             Criminals
             Executed
             ;
             an
             Assembly
             of
             Ministers
             ,
             and
             Elders
             at
             Edinburgh
             ,
             in
             1585.
             did
             not
             only
             Authorize
             ,
             and
             Avow
             the
             Action
             ,
             but
             also
             ordain'd
             all
             people
             to
             be
             Excommunicated
             ,
             that
             would
             not
             Subscribe
             to
             their
             Judgment
             .
             And
             
               Andrew
               Melvil
            
             ,
             being
             Cited
             to
             Answer
             for
             Treason
             deliver'd
             in
             a
             Sermon
             ,
             declin'd
             the
             King's
             Authority
             ,
             Affirming
             ,
             that
             
               what
               was
               spoken
               in
               the
               Pulpit
               ought
               first
               to
               be
               try'd
               by
               the
               Presbytery
               ;
               and
               that
               neither
               King
               ,
               nor
               Council
               ,
               might
               in
               the
               first
               Instance
               meddle
               therewith
               ,
               although
               the
               Speech
               were
               Treasonable
               .
            
          
           
             Upon
             King
             Iames
             his
             Coming
             to
             the
             Crown
             of
             England
             ,
             he
             order'd
             the
             Proroguing
             
             of
             the
             Assembly
             at
             Aberdeen
             ,
             which
             was
             to
             have
             met
             in
             1604.
             to
             a
             longer
             day
             :
             But
             thirteen
             or
             fourteen
             of
             them
             ,
             for
             all
             this
             ,
             met
             formally
             at
             the
             day
             appointed
             :
             The
             Lords
             of
             Council
             discharg'd
             their
             Meeting
             ;
             Whereupon
             they
             
               Protested
               ,
               That
               in
               Conscience
               ,
               and
               in
               Duty
               to
               Almighty
               God
               they
               were
               bound
               to
               preserve
               the
               Churches
               Right
               ,
               and
               neither
               Could
               ,
               nor
               Would
               give
               way
               to
               that
               Power
               the
               King
               had
            
             Sacrilegiously
             
               Vsurp'd
               over
               it
            
             .
             Hereupon
             ,
             they
             were
             Convented
             ,
             and
             Appeal'd
             from
             the
             
               King's
               Council
            
             ,
             to
             the
             next
             
               General
               Assembly
            
             .
             I
             had
             almost
             forgotten
             the
             Determination
             of
             Wilcock
             ,
             and
             Knox
             ;
             who
             Positively
             gave
             their
             Judgments
             ,
             
               That
               it
               was
               Lawful
               to
               Depose
               the
               Queen
               Regent
               .
            
             Whereupon
             ,
             she
             was
             solemnly
             
               Process'd
               ,
               Sentenc'd
            
             ,
             and
             Depriv'd
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             Positions
             of
             the
             Presbyterians
             ,
             under
             Queen
             Elizabeth
             .
          
           
             THe
             Church
             (
             
               sayes
               Cartwright
            
             )
             wherein
             any
             Magistrate
             ,
             King
             ,
             or
             Emperour
             is
             a
             Member
             ,
             is
             Divided
             into
             some
             
             that
             are
             to
             Govern
             ,
             as
             
               Pastors
               ,
               Doctors
            
             ,
             and
             Elders
             ,
             and
             into
             such
             as
             are
             to
             Obey
             ,
             as
             Magistrates
             of
             all
             sorts
             ,
             and
             the
             
               People
               .
               The
            
             Admonitour
             
               holds
               it
               fit
            
             ,
             That
             he
             ,
             and
             his
             Companions
             may
             be
             deliver'd
             by
             Act
             of
             Parliament
             ,
             from
             the
             Authority
             of
             the
             Civil
             Magistrates
             ;
             As
             Iustices
             ,
             and
             Others
             ,
             from
             their
             Indictings
             ,
             and
             Finings
             .
             Every
             Fault
             (
             says
             Cartwright
             )
             that
             tendeth
             either
             to
             the
             Hurt
             of
             a
             Man's
             Neighbour
             ,
             or
             to
             the
             Hindrance
             of
             the
             Glory
             of
             God
             ,
             is
             to
             be
             Examin'd
             ,
             and
             Dealt
             in
             by
             the
             Order
             of
             the
             Holy
             Church
             .
             
               Nay
               ,
               the
               very
            
             Suspicion
             
               of
               Avarice
               ,
               Pride
               ,
               Superfluities
               in
               Meat
               ,
               or
               Clothing
               ,
               falls
               under
               their
               Lash
               .
            
          
           
             All
             men
             (
             says
             Goodman
             )
             are
             bound
             to
             see
             the
             Laws
             of
             God
             kept
             ,
             and
             to
             Suppress
             ,
             and
             Resist
             Idolatry
             by
             Force
             .
             Nor
             is
             it
             sufficient
             for
             Subjects
             not
             to
             Obey
             the
             Wicked
             Commands
             of
             Princes
             ,
             but
             they
             must
             Resist
             them
             ;
             and
             Deliver
             the
             Children
             of
             God
             out
             of
             the
             hands
             of
             their
             Enemies
             ,
             as
             we
             would
             deliver
             a
             Sheep
             that
             is
             in
             danger
             to
             be
             devour'd
             by
             a
             Wolf.
             If
             the
             Magistrate
             shall
             refuse
             to
             put
             Mass-Mongers
             ,
             and
             false
             Preachers
             to
             Death
             ,
             the
             People
             (
             in
             seeing
             it
             perform'd
             )
             shew
             that
             Zeal
             of
             God
             which
             was
             commended
             
             in
             Phineas
             .
             Subjects
             do
             promise
             Obedidience
             ,
             that
             the
             Magistrate
             might
             Help
             them
             ;
             which
             if
             he
             does
             not
             ,
             they
             are
             discharg'd
             of
             their
             Obedience
             .
             If
             Magistrates
             without
             Fear
             transgress
             God's
             Laws
             themselves
             ,
             and
             Command
             others
             to
             do
             the
             like
             ,
             they
             are
             no
             more
             to
             be
             taken
             for
             Migistrates
             ,
             but
             to
             be
             Examin'd
             ,
             Accus'd
             ,
             Condemn'd
             ,
             and
             Punish'd
             ,
             as
             Private
             Transgressors
             .
             Evil
             Princes
             ought
             by
             the
             Law
             of
             God
             to
             be
             Depos'd
             ,
             and
             Inferiour
             Magistrates
             ought
             chiefly
             to
             do
             it
             .
             
               And
               now
               hear
            
             Gilby
             
               to
               the
               same
               Tune
            
             .
          
           
             Kings
             ,
             Princes
             ,
             and
             Governours
             have
             their
             Authority
             of
             the
             People
             ,
             and
             upon
             Occasion
             ,
             the
             People
             may
             take
             it
             away
             again
             ,
             as
             men
             may
             revoke
             their
             Proxyes
             ,
             and
             Letters
             of
             Atturney
             .
             It
             is
             Lawful
             (
             
               sayes
               he
            
             )
             to
             kill
             wicked
             Kings
             ,
             and
             Tyrants
             ;
             the
             Subjects
             did
             kill
             the
             Queen's
             Highness
             
               Athalia
               :
               Jehu
            
             kill'd
             the
             Queens
             Majesty
             
               Jesabel
               :
               Elias
            
             ,
             being
             no
             Magistrate
             ,
             kill'd
             the
             Queen's
             Majesty's
             Chaplains
             ,
             
               Baal's
               Priests
            
             :
             These
             Examples
             are
             left
             for
             our
             Instruction
             ,
             where
             Iustice
             is
             not
             Executed
             ,
             the
             State
             is
             most
             Corrupt
             .
             If
             neither
             the
             Inferiour
             Magistrates
             ,
             (
             
               says
               he
            
             )
             nor
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             
             the
             People
             will
             do
             their
             Offices
             ;
             (
             in
             Punishing
             ,
             Deposing
             ,
             or
             Killing
             of
             Princes
             )
             then
             the
             Ministers
             must
             Excommunicate
             such
             a
             King.
             
               It
               would
               be
               Endless
               to
               follow
               these
               Instances
               as
               far
               as
               they
               would
               carry
               me
               ;
               so
               that
               I
               'le
               back
               now
               again
               into
            
             Scotland
             ;
             
               and
               you
               will
               find
               them
               much
               of
               the
               same
               Opinion
               under
            
             Charles
             
               I.
               as
               they
               had
               been
               under
            
             his
             Royal
             Father
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             Positions
             of
             the
             Kirk
             under
             the
             Late
             King.
             
          
           
             
               IN
               their
               Protestation
               of
            
             September
             22.
             1638.
             
               against
               the
               King's
               Declaration
               ,
               they
               say
               ,
               First
               ,
            
             That
             what
             Subjects
             do
             of
             their
             own
             heads
             ,
             is
             much
             better
             than
             what
             they
             do
             in
             Obedience
             to
             Authority
             ,
             the
             One
             Savouring
             of
             Constraint
             ,
             but
             the
             Other
             being
             Voluntary
             ,
             and
             Chearful
             Obedience
             .
          
           
             Secondly
             ;
             That
             the
             Parliaments
             Power
             does
             no
             more
             reach
             to
             the
             Placing
             of
             Officers
             Originally
             in
             the
             Church
             ,
             than
             the
             Church
             has
             Power
             to
             make
             States-men
             in
             the
             Common-wealth
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ;
             The
             Parliament
             can
             make
             no
             
             Law
             at
             all
             concerning
             the
             Church
             ,
             but
             only
             Ratifie
             what
             the
             Church
             Decrees
             :
             And
             after
             it
             has
             Ratify'd
             it
             ,
             yet
             if
             the
             Assembly
             of
             the
             Church
             shall
             Prohibit
             it
             ,
             and
             Repeal
             that
             Decree
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             all
             the
             Subjects
             are
             discharg'd
             from
             yielding
             Obedience
             to
             the
             Act
             of
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             Fourthly
             ;
             The
             Assembly
             has
             Power
             to
             discharge
             all
             Subscriptions
             to
             the
             Confession
             of
             Faith
             commanded
             to
             be
             Subscrib'd
             by
             his
             Majesty
             ;
             and
             as
             it
             is
             Interpreted
             by
             Him
             ,
             or
             his
             Commissioner
             .
          
           
             Fifthly
             ;
             The
             Assembly
             ,
             without
             the
             King
             ,
             is
             the
             Church
             ,
             and
             the
             only
             Iudge
             Competent
             ,
             fit
             to
             Interpret
             ,
             and
             Explain
             all
             Doubts
             arising
             upon
             the
             Confession
             of
             Faith
             Commanded
             by
             his
             Majesty
             .
          
           
             Sixthly
             ;
             Tho'
             the
             Law
             be
             Interpreted
             ,
             yet
             if
             the
             Intepretation
             be
             dislik'd
             by
             Most
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ;
             the
             Body
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             (
             for
             whose
             Good
             the
             Law
             was
             made
             )
             may
             crave
             the
             lawful
             Redress
             of
             Grievances
             sustained
             by
             that
             Law.
             
               Take
               Notice
               here
               ,
               that
               they
               had
               already
               Actually
               trangress'd
               the
               Law
               (
               without
               staying
               for
               Leave
               )
               and
               Justifi'd
               the
               Doing
               of
               it
               .
            
          
           
             Seaventhly
             ;
             The
             Assembly
             is
             Independent
             
             either
             from
             King
             ,
             or
             Parliament
             ,
             in
             Matters
             Ecclesiastical
             .
          
           
             Eighthly
             ;
             That
             the
             King
             is
             to
             Receive
             all
             the
             Determinations
             of
             an
             Assembly
             ,
             as
             a
             Son
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             tho'
             they
             be
             not
             matters
             of
             Faith
             ,
             but
             only
             of
             Government
             ;
             and
             concluded
             by
             Acts
             of
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             Ninthly
             ;
             It
             is
             Lawful
             for
             Subjects
             to
             make
             a
             Covenant
             ,
             and
             Combination
             Without
             the
             King
             ;
             and
             to
             enter
             into
             a
             Bond
             of
             Mutual
             Defence
             Against
             the
             King
             ;
             and
             all
             Persons
             whatsoever
             (
             
               tho'
               against
               several
               Acts
               of
               Parliament
               .
            
             )
          
           
             Tenthly
             ;
             It
             is
             Lawful
             for
             themselves
             ,
             (
             sitting
             in
             an
             Assembly
             )
             to
             Indict
             a
             New
             Assembly
             ,
             without
             the
             King's
             Consent
             .
          
           
             Eleventhly
             ;
             If
             Subjects
             be
             convented
             before
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             Council
             for
             any
             Misdemeanour
             ;
             they
             may
             Appeal
             from
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             Council
             to
             the
             next
             General
             Assembly
             ,
             and
             Parliament
             ,
             if
             they
             think
             either
             the
             Glory
             of
             God
             ,
             or
             the
             Good
             of
             the
             Church
             concern'd
             in
             the
             Matter
             in
             Question
             .
          
           
             Twelfthly
             ;
             They
             do
             not
             desire
             the
             King
             to
             Indict
             a
             General
             Assembly
             ,
             as
             needing
             his
             Authority
             ,
             but
             rather
             for
             his
             Honour
             ,
             and
             for
             the
             Countenance
             of
             their
             Proceedings
             :
             
             Alledging
             ,
             that
             if
             the
             Prince
             shall
             omit
             to
             do
             his
             Duty
             ,
             the
             People
             ,
             from
             whom
             he
             had
             his
             Power
             Originally
             ,
             may
             Resume
             it
             .
          
           
             Thirteenthly
             ;
             If
             the
             King's
             Voice
             shall
             be
             deny'd
             to
             any
             thing
             ,
             tho'
             never
             so
             Vnjust
             ,
             and
             Illegal
             ,
             that
             shall
             be
             carry'd
             by
             the
             Major
             part
             of
             the
             Assembly
             ,
             his
             Majesty
             is
             bound
             
               Jure
               Divino
            
             to
             enforce
             Obedience
             to
             to
             those
             Acts
             ,
             and
             the
             Counsellors
             ,
             or
             Iudges
             refusing
             to
             Execute
             ,
             shall
             be
             Excommunicate
             ,
             and
             depriv'd
             of
             their
             Places
             ,
             and
             Estates
             .
          
           
             Fourteenthly
             ;
             An
             Assembly
             may
             Abrogate
             Acts
             of
             Parliament
             ,
             and
             discharge
             the
             Subject
             from
             Obeying
             them
             ,
             if
             they
             any
             way
             reflect
             upon
             the
             Business
             of
             the
             Church
             .
          
           
             Fifteenthly
             ;
             The
             Protestation
             of
             the
             Subjects
             against
             Laws
             Establish'd
             ,
             either
             before
             the
             Iudges
             of
             the
             People
             ,
             or
             the
             People
             themselves
             who
             are
             born
             to
             be
             Iudg'd
             ,
             doth
             void
             all
             Obedience
             to
             those
             Laws
             ,
             without
             ever
             bringing
             of
             them
             to
             be
             discuss'd
             before
             a
             Competent
             Iudge
             .
          
           
             Sixteenthly
             ;
             The
             Major
             part
             of
             the
             People
             may
             do
             any
             thing
             (
             
               they
               say
            
             )
             which
             they
             Themselves
             conceive
             Conducing
             to
             the
             
             Glory
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             the
             Good
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             any
             Laws
             to
             the
             Contrary
             notwithstanding
             .
          
           
             These
             Positions
             you
             will
             find
             in
             his
             Majesties
             
               Large
               Declaration
               concerning
               the
               Tumults
               in
            
             Scotland
             ,
             
               pag.
               407.
               et
               Deinceps
            
             .
             We
             shall
             now
             see
             how
             the
             Counterpart
             of
             this
             Confederacy
             behav'd
             it self
             in
             England
             :
             And
             shew
             you
             the
             Doctrine
             ,
             and
             Principles
             of
             the
             Faction
             ,
             in
             the
             very
             Infancy
             of
             the
             Rebellion
             :
             as
             appears
             out
             of
             their
             own
             Acts.
             See
             
               Husband
               's
               Exact
               Collections
            
             ,
             Printed
             in
             London
             ,
             1643.
             
          
        
         
           
             The
             Positions
             of
             the
             English-Covenanters
             :
             and
             First
             ,
             In
             Case
             of
             the
             King's
             Authority
             .
          
           
             
               AFter
               that
               the
               Faction
               had
               Extorted
               from
               his
               Late
               Majesty
               such
               Concessions
               as
               never
               any
               Prince
               granted
               before
               Himself
               ;
               And
               when
               they
               had
               Defam'd
               his
               Government
               ,
               and
               his
               Person
               ;
               and
               Poyson'd
               his
               People
               ,
               with
               Contemptuous
               ,
               and
               Scandalous
               Libels
               ;
               Upon
            
             March
             2.
             1641.
             
             
               They
               began
               to
            
             Vnmask
             ,
             
             
               and
               to
               discover
               to
               the
               World
               ,
               that
               their
               Design
               was
               not
               to
            
             Reform
             ,
             
               but
               to
            
             Govern
             ;
             
               and
               upon
               Pretence
               of
               Fearing
               an
               Invasion
               from
               Abroad
               ,
               took
               the
               Power
               of
               the
            
             Militia
             
               into
               their
               Own
               Hands
               at
               Home
            
             ;
             Resolving
             
               upon
               the
            
             Question
             ,
             p.
             96.
             
             That
             the
             Kingdom
             be
             forthwith
             put
             into
             a
             Posture
             of
             Defence
             ,
             by
             the
             Authority
             of
             Both
             Houses
             .
             
               This
               Vote
               was
               seconded
               by
               Another
               ,
               of
            
             March
             15.
             pag.
             112.
             
             That
             in
             Case
             of
             Extreme
             Danger
             ,
             and
             of
             his
             Majesties
             Refusal
             (
             
               to
               give
               them
               the
               Power
               of
               the
            
             Militia
             )
             the
             Ordinance
             agreed
             on
             by
             Both
             Houses
             for
             the
             Militia
             ,
             doth
             Oblige
             the
             People
             ,
             and
             ought
             to
             be
             Obey'd
             by
             the
             Fundamental
             Laws
             of
             this
             Kingdom
             .
             
               His
               Majesty
               insisting
               upon
               the
               Illegality
               of
               This
               Proceeding
               ,
            
             Both
             Houses
             
               pass'd
               this
               following
            
             Vote
             ,
             March
             16.
             
             That
             when
             the
             Lords
             ,
             and
             Commons
             in
             Parliament
             ,
             (
             which
             is
             the
             Supreme
             Court
             of
             Iudicature
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             )
             
               shall
               Declare
               what
               the
               Law
               of
               the
               Land
               is
            
             ;
             to
             have
             This
             ,
             not
             only
             Question'd
             ,
             and
             Controverted
             ,
             but
             Contradicted
             ;
             and
             a
             Command
             that
             it
             should
             not
             be
             Obey'd
             ,
             is
             a
             High
             Breach
             of
             the
             Privilege
             of
             Parliament
             ,
             
               pag.
               114.
               
               Finding
               themselves
               
               Pinch'd
               upon
               this
               Point
               ,
               they
               fly
               to
               a
            
             Distinction
             
               betwixt
               the
            
             Letter
             ,
             
               and
               the
            
             Equity
             ,
             
               of
               all
               Laws
            
             ,
             pag.
             150.
             
             There
             is
             (
             
               say
               they
            
             )
             in
             Laws
             ,
             an
             Equitable
             ,
             and
             a
             Literal
             Sense
             :
             His
             Majesty
             is
             Entrusted
             by
             Law
             ,
             with
             the
             Militia
             ,
             but
             't
             is
             for
             the
             Good
             ,
             and
             Preservation
             of
             the
             Republique
             against
             Foreign
             Invasions
             ,
             or
             Domestique
             Rebellions
             ;
             not
             that
             the
             Parliament
             would
             by
             Law
             Entrust
             the
             King
             with
             the
             Malitia
             ,
             against
             Themselves
             ,
             or
             the
             Common-wealth
             ;
             that
             Entrusts
             Them
             to
             provide
             for
             their
             Weal
             ,
             not
             for
             their
             Woe
             .
             So
             that
             upon
             Certain
             Appèarance
             ,
             or
             Grounded
             Suspicion
             ,
             that
             the
             Letter
             of
             the
             Law
             shall
             be
             emprov'd
             against
             the
             Equity
             of
             it
             ,
             the
             Commander
             going
             against
             its
             Equity
             ,
             discharges
             the
             Commanded
             from
             Obedience
             to
             the
             Letter
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Pretence
               of
            
             Defending
             
               the
               Government
               is
               now
               Advanc'd
               to
               the
            
             Reforming
             
               of
               it
            
             .
             Apr.
             9.
             1642.
             
             
               The
               Lords
               and
               Commons
               do
               Declare
               ,
            
             That
             they
             intend
             a
             Due
             ,
             and
             Necessary
             Reformation
             of
             the
             Government
             ,
             and
             Liturgy
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             
               pag.
               135.
            
             
          
           
             
               Having
               already
               by
               Violence
               Encroach'd
               
               upon
               the
            
             Militia
             ,
             
               as
               against
               a
            
             Foreign
             Power
             ,
             
               the
               First
               Considerable
               Use
               that
               they
               make
               of
               it
               ,
               is
               to
               Employ
               it
               against
               his
            
             Majesties
             Authority
             ,
             and
             Person
             Before
             Hull
             ;
             
               and
               Pass'd
            
             Two
             Votes
             ,
             Apr.
             28.
             
               in
               Justification
               of
               the
               Action
            
             .
             Resolved
             ,
             &c.
             
             That
             his
             Majesties
             declaring
             of
             Sir
             
               John
               Hotham
            
             Traytour
             ,
             being
             a
             Member
             of
             the
             House
             of
             Commons
             ,
             is
             a
             High
             Breach
             of
             the
             Privilege
             of
             Parliament
             .
             And
             That
             ,
             without
             Process
             of
             Law
             ,
             it
             is
             against
             the
             Liberty
             of
             the
             Subject
             ,
             and
             against
             the
             Law
             of
             the
             Land.
             
               Nay
               they
            
             Vote
             
               it
               May
            
             17.
             
             To
             be
             against
             the
             Law
             of
             the
             Land
             ,
             and
             the
             Liberty
             of
             the
             Subject
             ,
             his
             Majesties
             Commanding
             of
             Skippon
             to
             attend
             him
             at
             York
             ;
             and
             The
             very
             Removing
             of
             the
             Term
             to
             York
             from
             Westminster
             (
             sitting
             the
             Parliament
             )
             they
             Vote
             
               to
               be
            
             Illegal
             ,
             and
             Order
             the
             Lord
             Keeper
             (
             
               notwithstanding
               his
               Majesties
               Command
            
             )
             not
             to
             Issue
             out
             any
             Writs
             ,
             or
             Seal
             any
             Proclamation
             for
             that
             Adjournment
             .
             May
             20.
             
             They
             Order
             also
             the
             Putting
             of
             all
             the
             Magazines
             in
             England
             ,
             and
             Wales
             ,
             into
             the
             Hands
             of
             Persons
             well
             Affected
             to
             the
             Parliament
             .
             pag.
             194.
             
          
           
             
               They
               find
               themselves
               now
               in
               Condition
               
               to
               Threaten
               the
               King
               ,
               and
               the
               Kingdom
               with
               Open
               War
               :
               And
               pass
               upon
               the
               Question
               ,
               these
            
             Three
             following
             Votes
             .
             First
             ;
             That
             it
             appears
             ,
             That
             the
             King
             (
             Seduc'd
             by
             Wicked
             Counsel
             )
             intends
             to
             make
             War
             against
             the
             Parliament
             ,
             who
             ,
             (
             in
             all
             their
             Consultations
             ,
             and
             Actions
             )
             have
             propos'd
             no
             other
             End
             unto
             themselves
             ,
             but
             the
             Care
             of
             his
             Kingdoms
             ,
             and
             the
             Performance
             of
             all
             Duty
             ,
             and
             Loyalty
             to
             his
             Person
             .
             Secondly
             ;
             That
             whensoever
             the
             King
             maketh
             War
             upon
             the
             Parliament
             ,
             it
             is
             a
             Breach
             of
             the
             Trust
             reposed
             in
             Him
             by
             his
             People
             ,
             Contrary
             to
             his
             Oath
             ,
             and
             tending
             to
             the
             Dissolution
             of
             his
             Government
             .
             Thirdly
             ;
             That
             whosoever
             shall
             Serve
             ,
             or
             Assist
             him
             in
             such
             Wars
             ,
             are
             Traytors
             ,
             by
             the
             Fundamental
             Laws
             of
             this
             Kingdom
             ,
             &c.
             
             
               And
               Persuant
               to
               these
               Votes
            
             ,
             Iuly
             12.
             they
             Resolve
             ,
             That
             an
             Army
             shall
             be
             forthwith
             Rais'd
             for
             the
             Safety
             of
             the
             King's
             Person
             ;
             Defence
             of
             Both
             Houses
             of
             Parliament
             ,
             and
             of
             Those
             who
             have
             Obey'd
             their
             Orders
             ,
             and
             Commands
             ;
             and
             preserving
             of
             the
             True
             Religion
             ,
             the
             Laws
             ,
             Liberty
             ,
             and
             Peace
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             
               pag.
               457.
               
               All
               these
            
             Votes
             ,
             and
             Declarations
             ,
             
               they
               cause
               ,
               with
               
               all
               Solemnity
               to
               be
               Printed
               ,
               and
               Publish'd
               :
               but
               at
               the
               same
               time
               ,
            
             his
             Majesties
             Proclamations
             ,
             and
             Declarations
             are
             said
             to
             be
             Contrary
             to
             Law.
             pag.
             449.
             
             And
             all
             Officers
             are
             forbidden
             any
             way
             to
             Publish
             ,
             or
             to
             Proclaim
             the
             same
             .
             The
             King's
             Commissions
             of
             Array
             are
             Declar'd
             ,
             July
             20.
             to
             be
             against
             Law
             ,
             the
             Liberty
             ,
             and
             Property
             of
             the
             Subject
             .
             And
             the
             Actors
             in
             it
             to
             be
             Esteem'd
             Disturbers
             of
             the
             Peace
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             
               pag.
               478.
               
               And
               again
               ,
               pag.
            
             576.
             
             All
             such
             Persons
             as
             shall
             ,
             upon
             any
             Pretence
             whatsoever
             ,
             Assist
             his
             Majesty
             in
             this
             War
             ,
             with
             Horse
             ,
             Arms
             ,
             Plate
             ,
             or
             Monies
             ,
             are
             declar'd
             Traytors
             to
             his
             Majesty
             ,
             the
             Parlialiament
             ,
             and
             the
             Kingdom
             ;
             and
             to
             be
             brought
             to
             condign
             Punishment
             .
          
           
             The
             Poyson
             of
             their
             Artificial
             Delusions
             you
             will
             find
             Maliciously
             enough
             Defus'd
             in
             their
             Remonstrance
             of
             May
             the
             26.
             1642.
             pag.
             263.
             
             And
             the
             Doctrine
             of
             That
             Declaration
             summ'd
             up
             with
             great
             Exactness
             ,
             in
             his
             Majesties
             Answer
             to
             it
             ,
             contracting
             the
             Venome
             of
             it
             into
             These
             
               Six
               Positions
            
             .
          
           
             First
             ;
             That
             they
             have
             an
             Absolute
             Power
             of
             Declaring
             the
             Law
             ;
             And
             that
             whatsoever
             
             ever
             they
             declare
             to
             be
             so
             ,
             ought
             not
             to
             be
             question'd
             ,
             either
             by
             King
             ,
             or
             People
             :
             so
             that
             all
             the
             Right
             ,
             and
             Safety
             of
             the
             Prince
             ,
             and
             Subject
             ,
             depends
             upon
             their
             Pleasure
             .
          
           
             Secondly
             ;
             That
             no
             Presidents
             can
             be
             Limits
             to
             Bound
             their
             Proceedings
             ;
             which
             ,
             If
             so
             ,
             
               The
               Government
               of
               the
            
             Turk
             
               Himself
               is
               not
               so
               Arbitrary
            
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ;
             That
             a
             Parliament
             may
             dispose
             of
             any
             thing
             ,
             wherein
             the
             King
             ,
             or
             Subject
             hath
             a
             Right
             ,
             for
             the
             Publique
             Good
             ;
             (
             
               speaking
               all
               this
               While
               of
               the
               Remnant
               of
               the
               Two
               Houses
            
             )
             That
             they
             ,
             without
             the
             King
             ,
             are
             This
             Parliament
             ,
             and
             Iudge
             of
             This
             Publique
             Good
             ;
             and
             that
             the
             King's
             Consent
             is
             not
             Necessary
             .
             So
             that
             the
             Life
             ,
             and
             Liberty
             of
             the
             Subject
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             Good
             Laws
             made
             for
             their
             Security
             ,
             may
             be
             dispos'd
             of
             ,
             and
             Repeal'd
             by
             the
             Major
             Part
             of
             Both
             Houses
             ,
             at
             any
             time
             present
             ,
             and
             by
             any
             Wayes
             ,
             and
             Means
             Procured
             so
             to
             be
             ,
             and
             his
             Majesty
             has
             no
             Power
             to
             Protect
             them
             .
          
           
             Fourthly
             ;
             That
             a
             Member
             of
             either
             House
             ought
             not
             to
             be
             troubled
             ,
             or
             meddled
             with
             ,
             for
             Treason
             ,
             Felony
             ,
             or
             any
             Other
             
             Crime
             ,
             without
             the
             Cause
             first
             brought
             before
             Them
             ,
             that
             they
             may
             judge
             of
             the
             Fact
             ,
             and
             their
             Leave
             obtained
             to
             Proceed
             .
          
           
             Fifthly
             ;
             That
             the
             Sovereign
             Power
             resides
             in
             Both
             Houses
             of
             Parliament
             .
             The
             King
             has
             no
             Negative
             Voice
             ;
             and
             becomes
             Subject
             to
             their
             Commands
             .
          
           
             Lastly
             ;
             That
             the
             Levying
             of
             Forces
             against
             the
             
               Personal
               Commands
            
             of
             the
             King
             ,
             (
             tho'
             accompany'd
             with
             his
             Presence
             )
             is
             not
             Levying
             War
             against
             the
             King
             :
             But
             to
             Levy
             War
             against
             his
             Laws
             ,
             and
             Authority
             ,
             (
             which
             they
             have
             Power
             to
             Declare
             ,
             and
             Signifie
             )
             is
             Levying
             War
             against
             the
             King
             ;
             And
             that
             Treason
             cannot
             be
             Committed
             against
             his
             Person
             ,
             otherwise
             than
             as
             he
             is
             Entrusted
             with
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             Discharging
             that
             Trust
             ;
             and
             that
             they
             have
             a
             Power
             to
             judge
             ,
             whether
             he
             discharges
             it
             or
             no.
             
               And
               to
               justifie
               their
               Usurpations
               ,
               they
               do
               maintain
               ,
            
             pag.
             270.
             
             That
             the
             Kings
             of
             This
             Realm
             are
             Oblig'd
             to
             pass
             all
             such
             Bills
             as
             are
             Offer'd
             unto
             them
             by
             Both
             Houses
             of
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             It
             would
             be
             superfluous
             to
             tell
             you
             of
             their
             
               Proclaiming
               Fasts
            
             ,
             and
             Assuming
             to
             themselves
             other
             
               Rights
               of
               Sovereignty
            
             ,
             
             under
             the
             specious
             Pretence
             of
             a
             Parliament
             .
             But
             to
             shew
             you
             that
             it
             was
             All
             an
             Imposture
             :
             If
             the
             King
             will
             not
             Agree
             ,
             the
             
               Two
               Houses
            
             (
             they
             say
             )
             may
             Act
             without
             him
             :
             If
             the
             
               Two
               Houses
            
             Differ
             ,
             the
             Sovereignty
             rests
             in
             the
             
               House
               of
               Commons
            
             .
             As
             in
             the
             Case
             of
             a
             Bill
             they
             sent
             up
             to
             the
             Lords
             for
             Directing
             a
             Protestation
             which
             they
             had
             Fram'd
             ,
             to
             be
             generally
             taken
             throughout
             England
             .
             This
             Bill
             the
             Lords
             Rejected
             ;
             Whereupon
             ,
             the
             Commons
             pass'd
             this
             
               Vote
               ,
               That
            
             That
             House
             
               did
               conceive
               that
               the
               Protestation
               made
               by
               them
               is
               fit
               to
               be
               taken
               by
               every
               Person
               that
               is
               well
               Affected
               in
               Religion
               ,
               and
               to
               the
               Good
               of
               the
               Common-Wealth
               ;
               and
               therefore
               doth
               declare
               ,
               That
               what
               Person
               soever
               shall
               not
               take
               the
               Protestation
               ,
               is
               Vnfit
               to
               bear
               Office
               in
               the
               Church
               ,
               or
               Common-Wealth
               .
            
             And
             so
             they
             order'd
             the
             Knights
             ,
             Citizens
             ,
             and
             Burgesses
             to
             send
             down
             to
             the
             several
             Places
             for
             which
             they
             serv'd
             ,
             Copies
             of
             that
             Vote
             of
             the
             House
             concerning
             the
             Protestation
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Vote
             should
             be
             Printed
             .
             They
             began
             with
             a
             Contempt
             of
             the
             Lords
             ;
             they
             Lay'd
             them
             quite
             Aside
             at
             last
             ;
             and
             in
             the
             Conclusion
             ,
             
             they
             Themselves
             were
             ,
             upon
             their
             Own
             Arguments
             ,
             Confounded
             by
             the
             Rabble
             .
             You
             see
             the
             Dominion
             these
             People
             Challenge
             over
             their
             Master
             ;
             and
             it
             cannot
             be
             expected
             that
             they
             should
             give
             any
             better
             Quarter
             to
             their
             
               Fellow
               Subjects
            
             ;
             But
             it
             is
             
               Their
               Way
            
             of
             making
             
               Kings
               Glorious
            
             ,
             and
             
               Patronizing
               the
               Liberty
               of
               the
               People
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             The
             Positions
             of
             the
             English-Covenanters
             ,
             as
             to
             the
             Liberty
             ,
             and
             Propriety
             of
             the
             Subject
             .
          
           
             IN
             May
             ,
             1641.
             
               they
               enter'd
               upon
               their
               Design
               with
               the
               Protestation
               above-mention'd
               ,
               in
               these
               Words
               :
            
             I
             
               A.
               B.
            
             do
             in
             the
             Presence
             of
             Almighty
             God
             ,
             Promise
             ,
             Vow
             ,
             and
             Protest
             to
             Maintain
             ,
             and
             Defend
             ,
             as
             far
             as
             Lawfully
             I
             may
             ,
             with
             my
             Life
             ,
             Power
             ,
             and
             Estate
             the
             true
             Reformed
             Protestant
             Religion
             ,
             express'd
             in
             the
             Doctrine
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             England
             ,
             against
             all
             Popery
             ,
             and
             Popish
             Innovations
             within
             this
             Realm
             ,
             contrary
             to
             the
             same
             Doctrine
             ,
             and
             according
             to
             the
             Duty
             of
             my
             Allegiance
             to
             his
             Majesties
             Royal
             
             Person
             ,
             Honour
             ,
             and
             Estate
             ;
             as
             also
             the
             Power
             and
             Privileges
             of
             Parliament
             ,
             the
             Lawful
             Rights
             ,
             and
             Liberties
             of
             the
             Subjects
             ,
             
               &c.
               
               Here
               was
               First
               ,
               an
            
             Vsurpation
             
               in
               the
            
             Imposing
             
               of
               it
               ;
               and
               Secondly
               ,
               an
               Abominable
            
             Fraud
             
               in
               the
            
             Construction
             
               of
               it
               .
               The
            
             Matter
             
               of
               it
               was
               so
               Plausible
               ,
               that
               it
               went
               down
               without
               much
               Enquiring
               into
               the
            
             Authority
             
               of
               it
               ;
               but
               upon
               the
               Commons
               declaring
               ,
               that
            
             the
             Doctrine
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             
               England
               had
               no
               Regard
               to
               the
               Maintaining
               of
               the
            
             Descipline
             and
             Government
             
               of
               it
               :
               And
               Afterward
               ,
               that
               the
            
             Sovereignty
             
               was
               Virtually
               in
               the
            
             Two
             Houses
             ,
             
               and
               that
               by
            
             This
             Protestation
             ,
             
               they
               were
               Oblig'd
               to
               serve
            
             That
             Interest
             ,
             
               Mens
               Eyes
               came
               then
               to
               be
               Open'd
               ,
               and
               they
               saw
               their
               Errour
               :
               For
               they
               were
               call'd
               upon
               according
               to
               their
            
             Solemn
             Vow
             ,
             and
             Protestation
             ,
             
               to
               Subscribe
               for
            
             Money
             ,
             and
             Plate
             ,
             pag.
             340.
             
               and
               to
               Maintain
            
             Horse
             ,
             Horse-men
             ,
             and
             Arms
             ,
             
               for
               the
               Defence
               of
               the
            
             King
             ,
             and
             Both
             Houses
             of
             Parliament
             .
             In
             York
             -
             
               shire
               there
               was
               a
            
             Neutrality
             
               Propounded
               by
               some
               Persons
               of
               Eminent
               Condition
               in
               the
               County
               ;
               but
               the
               Lords
               ,
               and
               Commons
               
               Declar'd
               against
               it
               ,
            
             pag.
             629.
             
               as
               a
               Contradiction
               to
               the
               Tye
               of
               their
               General
            
             Protestation
             .
             
               And
               it
               went
               so
               high
               ,
               that
               they
               past
               a
               Vote
               ,
            
             Oct.
             15.
             42.
             
             That
             such
             Persons
             as
             shall
             not
             Contribute
             to
             the
             Charge
             of
             the
             Common-wealth
             in
             This
             Time
             of
             Imminent
             Necessity
             ,
             shall
             be
             held
             fit
             to
             be
             Disarm'd
             .
             
               And
               the
               same
               day
               ,
               they
               Voted
               the
            
             Sequestring
             of
             Church-Lands
             ,
             Delinquents
             Estates
             ,
             and
             Revenues
             of
             the
             Crown
             .
             
               They
               Order'd
            
             Victuals
             ,
             
               and
               other
            
             Necessaries
             for
             the
             Army
             
               to
               be
               taken
               up
               upon
            
             Publique
             Faith
             ,
             Nov.
             29.
             42.
             pag.
             763.
             
               and
               where
               any
               thing
               was
               Refused
               ,
               to
               Force
               it
               :
               And
               likewise
               they
               appointed
               a
               Committee
               of
            
             Six
             Citizens
             of
             London
             ,
             
               or
               any
            
             Four
             
               of
               them
            
             for
             the
             Assessing
             all
             such
             (
             to
             the
             twenti'th
             Part
             of
             their
             Estates
             )
             as
             had
             not
             contributed
             upon
             the
             Propositions
             of
             raising
             Money
             ,
             Plate
             ,
             Horse
             ,
             &c.
             in
             Proportion
             to
             their
             Abilities
             .
             
               The
               said
            
             Assessment
             
               to
               be
               Levy'd
               by
            
             Distress
             ,
             and
             Sale
             ;
             
               and
               in
               Case
               of
            
             Refusal
             ,
             
               the
               Parties
               to
               be
            
             Emprison'd
             .
             
               pag.
               767.
               
               With
               further
               Authority
               ,
            
             Feb.
             3.
             42.
             p.
             777.
             to
             Break
             open
             any
             Chests
             ,
             Trunks
             ,
             Boxes
             ,
             Dores
             ,
             with
             Power
             to
             Seize
             such
             Chests
             ,
             with
             Money
             ,
             or
             Goods
             ,
             for
             
             the
             Satisfaction
             of
             the
             Sums
             Assess'd
             .
             
               And
               the
               same
               Power
               ,
               Amplifi'd
               ,
               they
               granted
               to
               Commissioners
            
             for
             Levying
             of
             Money
             by
             a
             Weekly
             Assessment
             ,
             upon
             London
             ,
             and
             Westminster
             ;
             and
             every
             County
             ,
             and
             City
             in
             England
             and
             Wales
             ;
             the
             City
             of
             London
             being
             Rated
             the
             Weekly
             Sum
             of
             10000
             l.
             and
             Others
             in
             Proportion
             .
          
           
             You
             have
             here
             from
             their
             own
             Publique
             Acts
             ,
             (
             for
             I
             cite
             none
             of
             their
             Pamphlets
             )
             a
             Breviate
             of
             the
             Powers
             they
             assumed
             to
             themselves
             over
             King
             ,
             and
             People
             :
             And
             this
             so
             Early
             in
             the
             War
             too
             ,
             that
             the
             Faction
             was
             not
             as
             yet
             sure
             in
             the
             Saddle
             .
             (
             For
             This
             was
             all
             before
             1643.
             )
             You
             shall
             now
             see
             the
             Execution
             of
             these
             
               Arbitrary
               Principles
            
             by
             the
             Covenanters
             of
             
               Both
               Kingdoms
            
             in
             their
             Turns
             ,
             and
             you
             shall
             Confess
             that
             tho'
             the
             Rigours
             of
             the
             Kirk
             may
             serve
             as
             a
             Foil
             to
             any
             
               Other
               Tyranny
            
             ,
             the
             English
             have
             yet
             had
             the
             Honour
             to
             out-strip
             their
             Masters
             .
          
           
             According
             to
             the
             Common
             Method
             of
             Innovatours
             ,
             their
             First
             Work
             was
             ,
             by
             Press
             and
             Pulpit
             ,
             to
             Defame
             the
             Government
             ;
             their
             Next
             ,
             was
             ,
             by
             Popular
             Artifice
             ,
             
             to
             stir
             up
             the
             Multitude
             by
             Tumults
             to
             Reform
             it
             ;
             and
             Lastly
             ;
             (
             if
             they
             found
             their
             Party
             strong
             enough
             to
             Depend
             upon
             )
             to
             Enter
             into
             a
             Confederacy
             ,
             and
             Set
             up
             for
             themselves
             .
             This
             was
             the
             Course
             that
             
               Knox
               ,
               Willock
            
             ,
             and
             their
             Followers
             took
             in
             Scotland
             under
             the
             
               Queen
               Regent
            
             in
             1555.
             and
             afterward
             ,
             under
             King
             Iames
             VI.
             And
             Cartwright
             with
             his
             Complices
             went
             the
             same
             way
             to
             Work
             also
             under
             Queen
             Elizabeth
             ;
             only
             the
             Conspiracy
             of
             
               Arthington
               ,
               Hacket
               ,
               Coppinger
               ,
               Wigginton
               ,
               &c.
            
             was
             Discover'd
             ,
             and
             the
             Plot
             Disappointed
             .
             But
             the
             Libels
             ,
             and
             Tumults
             in
             Scotland
             ,
             1637.
             which
             led
             to
             that
             Impious
             Bond
             ,
             and
             Covenant
             in
             1638.
             had
             better
             success
             .
             (
             See
             his
             Late
             Majesties
             
               Large
               Declaration
            
             upon
             That
             Subject
             .
             )
             And
             after
             their
             Pattern
             ,
             so
             had
             the
             Practices
             in
             England
             in
             1641.
             when
             the
             Parliament
             was
             so
             Over-aw'd
             by
             Tumults
             that
             the
             Vote
             of
             the
             
               Two
               Houses
            
             was
             no
             other
             in
             Effect
             than
             the
             Sense
             of
             the
             Rabble
             in
             the
             Lobby
             .
             It
             was
             but
             their
             Bawling
             for
             Justice
             upon
             the
             Noble
             Earl
             of
             Strafford
             ;
             their
             Crying
             down
             of
             Bishops
             ,
             and
             
               Popish
               Lords
            
             ,
             and
             the
             thing
             is
             Done.
             The
             Riots
             
             were
             so
             Great
             ,
             that
             the
             Lords
             press'd
             the
             Commons
             at
             a
             Conference
             ,
             to
             Joyn
             with
             them
             in
             a
             Declaration
             for
             the
             Suppressing
             of
             them
             .
             But
             it
             was
             Answer'd
             ,
             saying
             ,
             
               We
               must
               not
               Discourage
               our
               Friends
               ,
               This
               being
               a
               time
               we
               must
               make
               use
               of
               All
               our
               Friends
               .
               God
               forbid
            
             (
             says
             Mr.
             
               Pim
               )
               that
               the
               House
               of
               Commons
               should
               proceed
               in
               any
               way
               to
               Dishearten
               People
               to
               obtain
               their
               just
               Desires
               in
               such
               a
               way
            
             ;
             Exact
             Collections
             ,
             pag.
             532.
             
             The
             Kirk
             would
             have
             said
             ,
             that
             
               they
               did
               not
               know
               with
               what
               Spirit
               they
               were
               Over-Rul'd
               ,
            
             as
             they
             told
             King
             Iames
             in
             the
             Case
             of
             Gibson
             ,
             and
             Black
             ,
             for
             delivering
             Treason
             in
             the
             Pulpit
             .
             The
             next
             thing
             that
             follow'd
             in
             Course
             ,
             was
             a
             Combination
             ;
             and
             That
             shall
             be
             the
             first
             Point
             we
             'l
             handle
             in
             the
             Common
             Practices
             of
             the
             Party
             ;
             which
             in
             One
             Word
             amounts
             to
             no
             less
             than
             
               the
               Dissolution
            
             of
             a
             Legal
             ,
             and
             the
             Setting
             up
             of
             a
             
               Tyrannical
               Government
            
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             The
             Practices
             ,
             and
             Usurpations
             of
             the
             Presbyterians
             upon
             the
             Civil
             Government
             .
          
           
             TO
             be
             as
             Clear
             now
             in
             their
             Practices
             ,
             as
             I
             have
             been
             in
             their
             Positions
             ,
             you
             shall
             have
             as
             good
             Evidence
             for
             their
             Proceedings
             ,
             as
             you
             have
             had
             already
             for
             their
             Principles
             .
             And
             I
             'le
             begin
             with
             the
             Foundation
             of
             their
             Empire
             ;
             their
             Audacious
             ,
             and
             Mysterious
             Covenant
             :
             Not
             with
             the
             Matter
             ,
             or
             the
             Design
             of
             it
             ,
             but
             only
             to
             shew
             you
             that
             Covenanting
             is
             the
             Method
             of
             the
             Party
             .
          
           
             The
             First
             Covenant
             of
             Scotland
             
               bears
               Date
            
             Decemb.
             3.
             1557.
             at
             Edinburgh
             :
             
             The
             Second
             at
             Perth
             ,
             May
             31.
             1559.
             
             The
             Third
             at
             Sterling
             ,
             Aug.
             1.
             
             
               And
               a
            
             Fourth
             ,
             at
             Leith
             ,
             Apr.
             27.
             1560.
             
             
               They
               Enter'd
               also
               into
               Another
            
             Covenant
             at
             Ayr
             ,
             Sept.
             4.
             1562.
             which
             Knox
             
               calls
               a
            
             New
             Covenant
             .
          
           
             In
             England
             1583.
             they
             Subscrib'd
             their
             Discipline
             ,
             and
             Enter'd
             into
             a
             League
             both
             by
             Promise
             ,
             and
             Writing
             ,
             to
             do
             
             their
             Parts
             toward
             the
             Establishing
             of
             it
             .
          
           
             In
             Scotland
             1638.
             
               so
               soon
               as
               ever
               they
               had
               settled
               their
            
             Tables
             of
             Advice
             ,
             the
             First
             Act
             of
             those
             Tables
             was
             their
             Solemn
             Covenant
             .
          
           
             And
             so
             likewise
             in
             England
             ,
             the
             Commons
             Impos'd
             a
             Protestation
             ,
             and
             then
             went
             on
             to
             Covenants
             ,
             and
             Othes
             without
             End.
             
          
           
             Here
             's
             an
             Vsurpation
             upon
             Sovereignty
             ,
             
             the
             very
             first
             step
             they
             set
             ;
             in
             the
             Exacting
             of
             an
             Oth
             without
             due
             Authority
             ;
             beside
             ,
             that
             
               all
               Leagues
               of
               Subjects
               among
               themselves
               are
            
             (
             in
             the
             Eye
             of
             the
             Law
             )
             
               no
               better
               than
               Seditious
               Conspiracies
            
             .
             Wee
             'l
             come
             now
             to
             the
             Pretence
             of
             these
             Covenants
             ,
             which
             is
             only
             an
             Artifice
             of
             Inveigling
             the
             Silly
             People
             into
             a
             Confederacy
             against
             the
             Government
             ,
             under
             the
             Notion
             of
             Promoting
             the
             
               Common
               Good.
            
             
          
           
             
               The
               End
               of
               the
               First
            
             Scottish
             Covenant
             
               above-mention'd
               (
               at
            
             Edinburgh
             )
             
               is
               said
               to
               be
               the
            
             Defence
             of
             Christs
             Gospel
             ,
             
             and
             his
             Congregation
             ,
             and
             of
             every
             Member
             of
             it
             against
             all
             Opposers
             ,
             to
             the
             Death
             .
             The
             Second
             at
             
               Perth
               goes
               further
               ,
               and
               Extends
               
               to
            
             all
             Persons
             that
             shall
             trouble
             them
             
               upon
               what
               Pretence
               soever
               .
               In
               the
            
             Third
             ,
             at
             Sterling
             
               they
               bind
               themselves
               from
               any
            
             Correspondence
             with
             the
             Queen
             ,
             either
             by
             Word
             ,
             or
             Writing
             .
             
               In
               their
            
             Fourth
             at
             Leith
             
               they
               Covenant
               a
               Direct
               Revolt
               ,
               and
            
             the
             reducing
             of
             all
             men
             by
             Force
             ,
             that
             are
             not
             of
             their
             Opinion
             .
             
               In
               their
            
             Last
             Bond
             ,
             at
             Ayr
             ,
             
               they
               declare
               against
            
             all
             men
             as
             Enemies
             that
             shall
             not
             submit
             to
             their
             Government
             .
             
               And
               upon
               the
               Whole
            
             Matter
             ,
             
               they
               Found
               all
               their
               subsequent
               Proceedings
               upon
               the
               Obligation
               of
               the
            
             First
             Covenant
             
               for
               the
               Defence
               of
            
             Christ's
             Gospel
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Pretext
               of
               the
            
             Scottish
             Covenant
             
               in
               1638.
               was
            
             the
             Defence
             of
             the
             King's
             Majesty
             ,
             his
             Person
             ,
             and
             Authority
             in
             the
             Defence
             ,
             and
             Preservation
             of
             the
             True
             Religion
             ,
             Liberties
             ,
             and
             Laws
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             :
             
               As
               also
            
             the
             Mutual
             Defence
             ,
             one
             of
             another
             ,
             
               against
               all
               sorts
               of
               Persons
               whatsoever
               .
            
          
           
             
               And
               the
            
             English
             Protestation
             
               of
               1641.
               looks
               the
               very
               same
               way
               ,
            
             viz.
             for
             the
             Maintenance
             of
             the
             Doctrine
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             England
             ;
             the
             Power
             ,
             and
             Privileges
             
             of
             the
             Parliament
             ,
             and
             Liberty
             of
             the
             
               Subject
               .
               And
               what
               's
               the
               very
               Title
               of
               their
            
             Solemn
             League
             ,
             and
             Covenant
             ,
             
               in
               1643.
               but
            
             Reformation
             ,
             and
             Defence
             of
             Religion
             ;
             the
             Honour
             ,
             and
             Happiness
             of
             the
             King
             ;
             the
             Peace
             ,
             and
             Safety
             of
             the
             Three
             Kingdoms
             ?
          
           
             So
             soon
             as
             ever
             they
             had
             by
             these
             specious
             Appearances
             decoy'd
             an
             Inconsiderate
             Part
             of
             the
             Nation
             into
             the
             Net
             ,
             they
             Emprov'd
             the
             Fraud
             by
             Expounding
             upon
             all
             their
             Bonds
             and
             Covenants
             ,
             quite
             Contrary
             to
             the
             Common
             Intent
             ,
             and
             Acceptation
             of
             the
             same
             .
             And
             made
             way
             thereby
             to
             the
             Destruction
             of
             all
             those
             Interests
             which
             the
             People
             thought
             they
             had
             Sworn
             to
             Preserve
             .
             But
             the
             Subject
             was
             so
             hamper'd
             betwixt
             the
             Dread
             of
             the
             Othe
             ,
             among
             those
             that
             did
             not
             understand
             the
             Nullity
             of
             the
             Obligation
             ;
             and
             the
             Forfeiture
             of
             
               Life
               ,
               Fortune
            
             ,
             and
             Estate
             ,
             if
             they
             should
             not
             persue
             it
             according
             to
             the
             Oraculous
             sence
             of
             them
             that
             Impos'd
             it
             ,
             that
             betwixt
             their
             Consciences
             ,
             their
             Safeties
             ,
             and
             Estates
             ,
             they
             were
             in
             a
             great
             streight
             .
             He
             that
             Considers
             the
             Solemn
             ,
             and
             the
             Awful
             Circumstances
             
             that
             accompani'd
             the
             taking
             of
             these
             Engagements
             ;
             the
             
               lifting
               up
               of
               the
               Eyes
               ,
               and
               Hands
            
             ;
             the
             Attesting
             of
             
               Almighty
               God
            
             ;
             the
             Invocations
             of
             
               the
               Great
               Name
               of
               the
               Lord
               ,
            
             and
             their
             Appeals
             
               to
               the
               Searcher
               of
               all
               Hearts
            
             ;
             and
             Compares
             their
             Actings
             with
             their
             Protestations
             ,
             will
             find
             them
             perhaps
             the
             most
             Impious
             ,
             and
             Extravagant
             Contradiction
             in
             Nature
             .
             And
             That
             's
             the
             thing
             next
             to
             be
             Observ'd
             in
             a
             View
             of
             the
             Fabrique
             they
             Rais'd
             upon
             this
             Goodly
             Foundation
             .
          
           
             After
             this
             Hypocrisie
             in
             the
             very
             Frame
             of
             their
             Project
             ,
             there
             was
             but
             little
             of
             Good
             Faith
             to
             be
             expected
             in
             the
             Menage
             of
             it
             :
             And
             all
             their
             Covenants
             ,
             under
             Colour
             of
             Reforming
             the
             Government
             ,
             were
             both
             in
             Construction
             ,
             and
             in
             Effect
             ,
             but
             so
             many
             Othes
             for
             the
             Adjuring
             of
             it
             ;
             and
             the
             setting
             up
             of
             a
             more
             
               Blasphemous
               Oracle
            
             in
             the
             Name
             of
             
               Christ
               Iesus
            
             ,
             than
             ever
             was
             silenc'd
             at
             his
             taking
             Flesh
             upon
             him
             by
             his
             
               Holy
               Power
            
             .
             I
             call
             their
             
               Covenants
               ,
               Oracles
            
             ;
             as
             well
             in
             respect
             of
             the
             Inspiration
             ,
             as
             of
             the
             Imposture
             .
             
             But
             we
             shall
             better
             understand
             them
             ,
             by
             Tracing
             their
             Motions
             from
             One
             Usurpation
             to
             Another
             .
          
           
             By
             Letters
             from
             Sterling
             of
             March
             10.
             1556.
             
             
             Knox
             was
             invited
             from
             Geneva
             ,
             with
             This
             Assurance
             ,
             That
             
               the
               Faithful
               in
            
             Scotland
             
               were
               ready
               to
               jeopard
               their
               Lives
               ,
               and
               Goods
               for
               the
               setting
               forward
               of
               the
               Glory
               of
            
             God
             ,
             
               as
               he
               would
               permit
            
             .
             These
             Letters
             came
             to
             his
             Hand
             in
             May.
             And
             in
             September
             following
             (
             with
             the
             Privity
             ,
             and
             Encouragement
             of
             Calvin
             )
             he
             left
             Geneva
             ,
             and
             Octob.
             24.
             arriv'd
             at
             Diepe
             ,
             (
             with
             Intent
             to
             Embarque
             for
             Scotland
             )
             where
             he
             met
             with
             other
             Letters
             ,
             disswading
             his
             Return
             .
             (
             See
             his
             
               History
               of
               Scotland
               ,
               Fol.
            
             107.
             )
             The
             Faction
             was
             now
             ready
             to
             give
             up
             the
             Cause
             ;
             and
             had
             undoubtedly
             so
             done
             ,
             but
             for
             Knox
             his
             Letter
             to
             some
             of
             the
             Nobility
             upon
             That
             Occasion
             ;
             which
             re-Confirm'd
             them
             in
             their
             Resolutions
             .
             
               Your
               Brethren
            
             (
             says
             he
             )
             
               are
               Oppress'd
               (
               Fol.
               109.
               )
               and
               you
               ought
               to
               Hazzard
               your
               own
               Lives
               ,
               (
               be
               it
               against
               Kings
               ,
               or
               Emperours
               )
               for
               their
               Deliverance
               .
            
             (
             So
             that
             here
             was
             Violence
             Intended
             ,
             
             you
             see
             ,
             in
             the
             very
             first
             Proposition
             .
             )
             By
             the
             Instigation
             of
             this
             Letter
             ,
             they
             enter'd
             into
             their
             
               first
               Covenant
            
             at
             Edinburgh
             in
             
               Decemb.
               1557.
               
               (
               Fol.
            
             110.
             )
             and
             Immediately
             after
             the
             Subscribing
             of
             it
             ,
             
               they
               Order'd
               the
               Common
               Prayer
               (
               of
            
             England
             )
             
               to
               be
               read
               weekly
               on
               Sunday
               ,
               and
               other
               Festival
               Days
               ,
               in
               all
               the
               Parish-Churches
               of
               That
               Kingdom
               ,
               with
               the
               Lessons
               of
               the
               Old
               and
               New
               Testament
               ,
               Conformed
               to
               the
               Book
               of
               Common
               Prayers
               .
            
             (
             Fol.
             111.
             )
             Soon
             after
             This
             ,
             they
             Petition'd
             the
             Queen
             and
             Council
             for
             the
             Use
             of
             the
             Common
             Prayer
             in
             the
             Vulgar
             Tongue
             ,
             which
             was
             granted
             them
             ,
             with
             an
             Exception
             only
             to
             Edinbourgh
             ,
             and
             Leith
             ,
             for
             fear
             of
             Tumults
             :
             And
             upon
             the
             Neck
             of
             this
             Petition
             ,
             follows
             a
             Protestation
             ,
             deliver'd
             in
             Parliament
             ,
             1558.
             
               against
               all
               Acts
               of
               Parliament
               for
               the
               Punishing
               of
               Heretiques
               ;
               the
               Removal
               of
               all
               Prelates
               ,
               and
               their
               Officers
               from
               any
               Place
               of
               Iudgment
               :
            
             (
             Fol.
             133.
             )
             Foretelling
             ,
             by
             way
             of
             Menace
             ,
             that
             
               if
               Abuses
               should
               chance
               to
               be
               Violently
               Reform'd
               ,
               the
               Government
               may
               thank
               it self
               .
            
             From
             Protesting
             they
             
               Gather'd
               themselves
               Together
            
             ,
             
             at
             St.
             Iohnston
             ,
             the
             Town
             Declaring
             for
             them
             .
             Hereupon
             ,
             the
             Preachers
             were
             Summon'd
             to
             appear
             at
             
               Sterling
               ,
               May
               10.
               1559.
            
             
             And
             on
             the
             Other
             side
             ,
             
               The
               Brethren
               Concluded
               that
               the
               Gentlemen
               of
               Every
               Country
               should
               Accompany
               their
               Preachers
               ,
               to
               the
               Day
               ,
               and
               Place
               appointed
               :
            
             that
             is
             ;
             to
             
               St.
               Iohnston
            
             ;
             where
             they
             had
             their
             
               First
               Assembly
            
             .
             Upon
             this
             Contempt
             ,
             the
             Ministers
             were
             Proclaim'd
             Traytours
             ,
             and
             the
             Multitude
             fell
             to
             the
             Demolishing
             ,
             and
             Rifling
             of
             
               Religious
               Houses
            
             ;
             where
             they
             found
             great
             Booty
             ;
             and
             so
             they
             Proceeded
             to
             the
             fortifying
             of
             themselves
             ,
             and
             calling
             in
             of
             their
             Friends
             to
             their
             Assistance
             ;
             Maintaining
             their
             Ground
             by
             Force
             ,
             notwithstanding
             
               A
               Proclamation
               for
               all
               of
               them
               to
               avoid
               the
               Town
               ,
               under
               the
               Pain
               of
               Treason
               :
            
             (
             Which
             Place
             soon
             after
             was
             Deliver'd
             up
             upon
             Composition
             )
             From
             the
             Pretence
             of
             Defending
             themselves
             in
             
               St.
               Iohnston
            
             ,
             they
             Advanc'd
             ,
             shortly
             after
             ,
             to
             the
             Assaulting
             of
             it
             ;
             and
             so
             the
             Burning
             of
             Scone
             ;
             the
             Seizing
             of
             the
             Minting-Irons
             for
             the
             Coyning
             of
             their
             Plate
             .
             And
             then
             from
             Monasteries
             ,
             and
             Abbies
             ,
             they
             went
             forward
             to
             the
             Defacing
             ,
             
             and
             Pillaging
             of
             
               Cathedrals
               ;
               Parochial
               Churches
            
             ;
             and
             there
             were
             few
             Chancels
             that
             scap'd
             them
             .
             In
             their
             Answer
             to
             the
             Queens
             Proclamation
             of
             Aug.
             28.
             1559.
             they
             Rise
             from
             matter
             of
             Religion
             ,
             to
             matter
             of
             
               State.
               (
               Knox
            
             Hist.
             of
             Scotland
             ,
             Fol.
             174.
             
             And
             in
             Direct
             Terms
             ,
             
               Fol.
               179.
               
               They
               Affirm
               ,
               that
               it
               appertaineth
               to
               the
            
             Nobility
             ,
             
               and
               also
               to
               the
            
             Barons
             ,
             and
             People
             ,
             
               to
               bridle
               the
               Rage
               ,
               and
               Fury
               of
               misled
            
             Princes
             ;
             which
             was
             only
             a
             Prologue
             to
             the
             Formal
             ,
             and
             Solemn
             Deposal
             of
             the
             
               Queen
               Regent
            
             at
             
               Edinburgh
               ,
               Octob.
            
             24.
             1559.
             that
             ensu'd
             .
             After
             This
             ;
             they
             emplor'd
             Aid
             from
             England
             ,
             under
             Colour
             of
             Maintaining
             their
             Ancient
             Liberties
             .
             And
             the
             Treaty
             was
             sign'd
             at
             Berwick
             by
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             Both
             Nations
             ,
             Feb.
             27.
             1559.
             
          
           
             By
             these
             Persecutions
             they
             brought
             the
             
               Queen
               Regent
            
             to
             her
             Grave
             ;
             
             And
             upon
             her
             Death
             ,
             a
             Peace
             was
             Concluded
             ;
             the
             Armies
             to
             Disband
             ,
             and
             the
             French
             ,
             and
             English
             Succours
             to
             return
             Home
             .
             In
             
               Decemb.
               1560.
               
               Francis
            
             the
             Second
             of
             France
             departed
             this
             Life
             ;
             leaving
             the
             Queen
             of
             Scots
             an
             Unfortunate
             Widdow
             ;
             Poor
             ,
             
             and
             Helpless
             .
             They
             were
             now
             out
             of
             Fear
             of
             France
             ,
             and
             there
             was
             no
             Danger
             from
             England
             ,
             in
             regard
             of
             the
             Queen
             of
             Scots
             Pretensions
             to
             That
             Crown
             ;
             so
             that
             they
             resolv'd
             now
             to
             play
             their
             Own
             Game
             ;
             And
             their
             First
             Act
             was
             the
             Abolishing
             of
             the
             Common-Prayer
             (
             in
             a
             Convention
             at
             Edinburgh
             )
             which
             they
             had
             formerly
             Embrac'd
             ,
             and
             Confirm'd
             by
             a
             Solemn
             Decree
             ,
             and
             Subscription
             :
             And
             the
             Presenting
             of
             a
             Church-Government
             of
             
             Knox's
             own
             Contrivance
             ,
             and
             not
             much
             differing
             from
             the
             Geneva-Model
             ,
             to
             a
             Convention
             of
             the
             Estates
             ;
             under
             the
             Title
             of
             
               The
               Confession
               of
               the
               Faith
               ,
               and
               Doctrine
               ,
               believed
               ,
               and
               Professed
               by
               the
            
             Protestants
             of
             Scotland
             .
             The
             States
             took
             Time
             to
             consider
             of
             the
             Form
             of
             Polity
             ;
             but
             pass'd
             an
             Act
             however
             for
             the
             Demolishing
             of
             Cloysters
             ,
             and
             Abby-Churches
             .
             Whereupon
             (
             says
             Spotswood
             in
             his
             Church-History
             ,
             Fol.
             175.
             )
             
               there
               ensu'd
               a
               Pitiful
               Vastation
               of
               Churches
               ,
               and
               Church-Buildings
               .
               No
               Difference
               was
               made
               ,
               but
               all
               the
               Churches
               either
               Defaced
               ,
               or
               Pull'd
               to
               the
               Ground
               .
               The
               Holy
               Vessels
               ,
               and
               whatsoever
               else
               Men
               could
               make
               Gaine
               of
               ,
               (
               as
               Timber
               ,
               
               Lead
               ,
               and
               Bells
               )
               were
               put
               to
               Sale.
               The
               very
               Sepulchers
               of
               the
               Dead
               were
               not
               spar'd
               .
               The
               Registers
               of
               the
               Church
               ,
               and
               Libraries
               cast
               into
               the
               Fire
               :
               And
               All
               This
               ,
               colour'd
               with
               the
               Warrant
               of
               Publique
               Authority
               .
            
             Take
             Notice
             here
             ,
             that
             after
             the
             Convention
             was
             Dissolv'd
             ,
             their
             Book
             of
             Polity
             was
             Subscrib'd
             ,
             notwithstanding
             the
             Postponing
             of
             the
             Question
             .
             And
             we
             shall
             see
             now
             ,
             that
             they
             treated
             the
             
               Queen
               her Self
            
             no
             better
             than
             they
             had
             done
             the
             
               Queen
               Regent
            
             .
          
           
             Upon
             this
             Nice
             Juncture
             of
             Affairs
             ,
             
             the
             Queen
             was
             Invited
             Home
             .
             And
             Aug.
             20.
             1561.
             
             She
             arrived
             at
             Leith
             ;
             declaring
             upon
             her
             Entrance
             ,
             That
             
               there
               should
               no
               Alteration
               be
               made
               in
               the
               Present
               State
               of
               Religion
               ,
               only
               for
               her Self
               ,
               and
               Family
               she
               would
               have
               a
               Mass
               in
               Private
               .
            
             But
             the
             Preachers
             decrying
             that
             Toleration
             in
             their
             Pulpits
             ,
             produced
             a
             Dangerous
             Tumult
             against
             the
             Freedom
             of
             her
             own
             Chappel
             .
          
           
             After
             several
             Riots
             ,
             and
             Open
             Rebellions
             ,
             which
             were
             still
             promoted
             ,
             and
             seconded
             by
             the
             Presbytery
             ;
             In
             Iuly
             1564.
             
             the
             Queen
             was
             Marri'd
             to
             the
             Lord
             Darnly
             ;
             And
             Iune
             19.
             1566.
             brought
             to
             bed
             of
             a
             Son
             (
             afterward
             Iames
             VI.
             )
             in
             the
             Castle
             of
             Edinburgh
             .
             In
             1567.
             they
             sent
             the
             Queen
             Prisoner
             to
             Lochlevin
             ,
             and
             pass'd
             an
             Act
             of
             Assembly
             for
             the
             Securing
             ,
             and
             Disposing
             of
             the
             Person
             of
             the
             Infant-Prince
             ;
             with
             Direction
             to
             move
             the
             Queen
             to
             a
             Resignation
             of
             her
             Government
             ,
             and
             the
             Appointing
             of
             a
             Regent
             ,
             during
             his
             Minority
             ;
             which
             by
             Force
             ,
             and
             Menaces
             ,
             her
             Majesty
             was
             compell'd
             to
             do
             ;
             and
             her
             Renunciation
             ,
             and
             Commission
             Publish'd
             at
             the
             Market-Cross
             at
             Edinburgh
             ,
             the
             Prince
             being
             Crown'd
             ,
             and
             Anointed
             King
             ,
             in
             the
             Church
             of
             Striveling
             the
             Third
             day
             after
             the
             Publication
             ,
             being
             Iuly
             29.
             
             On
             the
             20th
             of
             August
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Murray
             was
             Elected
             Regent
             :
             King
             Iames
             being
             as
             yet
             but
             Thirteen
             Months
             old
             .
             At
             the
             Beginning
             of
             the
             Spring
             ,
             in
             1568.
             the
             Queen
             made
             her
             Escape
             ,
             and
             was
             convey'd
             to
             Hamilton
             ,
             where
             several
             Lords
             meeting
             in
             Council
             ,
             her
             Resignation
             was
             declar'd
             Void
             ,
             (
             as
             Extorted
             by
             Fear
             )
             and
             Proclamation
             issu'd
             against
             the
             Rebels
             that
             had
             Usurped
             her
             Authority
             .
             
             The
             Dispute
             ,
             in
             short
             ,
             was
             brought
             to
             a
             Battle
             ,
             May
             13.
             the
             Queens
             Army
             Defeated
             ,
             and
             She
             her self
             fled
             into
             England
             for
             Protection
             ;
             where
             the
             Faction
             never
             left
             the
             Persute
             of
             her
             ,
             till
             they
             brought
             her
             to
             the
             Scaffold
             .
             But
             here
             you
             'l
             say
             there
             was
             a
             
               Foreign
               Interest
            
             ,
             and
             Popery
             in
             the
             Case
             .
             If
             That
             were
             All
             ,
             how
             came
             it
             that
             they
             handled
             the
             Young
             King
             at
             as
             Course
             a
             rate
             every
             jot
             as
             they
             had
             treated
             his
             Mother
             ?
             tho'
             their
             
               Natural
               Prince
            
             ,
             and
             afterward
             ,
             the
             Celebrated
             Champion
             of
             the
             
               Protestant
               Cause
            
             .
          
           
             The
             Government
             of
             Scotland
             had
             been
             Administer'd
             by
             Four
             Regents
             ,
             
             when
             ,
             upon
             the
             Earl
             of
             
             Morton's
             desire
             to
             be
             Discharg'd
             of
             his
             Regency
             ,
             the
             King
             (
             not
             twelve
             years
             old
             as
             yet
             )
             accepted
             of
             it
             ;
             and
             his
             Acceptation
             thereof
             was
             Proclaim'd
             at
             
               Edinburgh
               ,
               March
            
             12.
             1577.
             where
             the
             Regent
             himself
             was
             Assisting
             .
             As
             an
             Earnest
             of
             the
             Respect
             they
             bare
             to
             his
             Majesties
             Authority
             ,
             
               Andrew
               Melvil
            
             presented
             a
             Form
             of
             
               Church
               Government
            
             to
             the
             Parliament
             at
             Striveling
             ,
             in
             1578.
             which
             they
             referr'd
             to
             certain
             Commissioners
             ,
             
             
               who
               agreed
               to
               such
               General
               Heads
               as
               did
               not
               touch
               the
               Authority
               of
               the
            
             King
             ,
             
               nor
               prejudg
               the
               Liberty
               of
               the
            
             State.
             
               But
               this
               did
               not
               content
               Them
               ;
               so
               that
               they
               resolv'd
               to
               put
               their
               Conclusions
               in
               Practice
               the
               next
               Assembly
               ,
               without
               staying
               for
               a
               Ratification
               (
            
             Spotswood's
             Hist.
             Fol.
             302.
             )
             In
             Glasgow
             ,
             the
             next
             Spring
             ,
             the
             Ministers
             put
             the
             Magistrates
             of
             the
             City
             upon
             Demolishing
             the
             Cathedral
             ,
             but
             the
             Tradesmen
             Interpos'd
             ,
             and
             Defended
             it
             .
             In
             1582.
             
             Montgomery
             was
             Process'd
             for
             Preaching
             at
             Glasgow
             :
             The
             King
             by
             his
             Warrant
             commanded
             the
             Assembly
             to
             desist
             ,
             which
             the
             Moderatour
             peremptorily
             refus'd
             ,
             and
             thereupon
             ,
             the
             Officer
             pull'd
             him
             from
             his
             Seat
             ,
             and
             Clap'd
             him
             up
             in
             the
             Tolbuyth
             ;
             for
             which
             ,
             they
             Decreed
             him
             to
             be
             Excommunicate
             ,
             tho'
             the
             King
             himself
             earnestly
             perswaded
             them
             to
             the
             Contrary
             .
          
           
             After
             this
             Contempt
             of
             the
             Kings
             Authority
             ,
             they
             made
             a
             Violent
             Seizure
             of
             his
             Person
             ,
             and
             carri'd
             him
             Prisoner
             to
             the
             Castle
             of
             Ruthen
             ,
             where
             they
             kept
             him
             Close
             
               Nine
               Months
            
             ;
             forcing
             him
             by
             a
             Writing
             under
             his
             hand
             ,
             to
             command
             
             the
             Duke
             of
             Lenox
             to
             Depart
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             Imposing
             upon
             him
             what
             Servants
             they
             pleas'd
             ,
             under
             pretence
             of
             
               Zeal
               to
               Religion
               ,
               and
               Care
               of
               his
               Person
               .
            
             They
             did
             also
             Petition
             the
             next
             General
             Assembly
             at
             Edinburgh
             ,
             to
             give
             their
             sence
             of
             the
             Action
             :
             Who
             made
             themselves
             Judges
             ;
             and
             did
             so
             highly
             approve
             of
             it
             ,
             that
             
               they
               appointed
               all
               Ministers
               to
               recommend
               the
               Actors
               of
               it
               ,
               as
               good
               Christians
               ,
               and
               Patriots
               ,
            
             pretending
             ,
             
               that
               there
               was
               no
               other
               way
               to
               preserve
               their
               Religion
               ,
               and
               Freedoms
               .
            
             And
             yet
             this
             Duke
             dy'd
             soon
             after
             ,
             in
             France
             ,
             of
             the
             Reformed
             Communion
             .
             For
             the
             Countenance
             of
             this
             Proceeding
             ,
             they
             force
             the
             King
             (
             being
             but
             Seventeen
             years
             of
             Age
             )
             to
             emit
             a
             Proclamation
             ,
             
               commanding
               all
               those
               that
               had
               Levy'd
               any
               Forces
               upon
               Pretence
               of
               his
               Restraint
               ,
               to
               Disband
               within
               Six
               hours
               ,
               upon
               Pain
               of
               Death
            
             ;
             and
             
               Declaring
               that
               he
               was
               at
               Liberty
               ,
               and
               had
               only
               his
               Friends
               about
               him
               .
            
             In
             the
             Summer
             following
             ,
             under
             Colour
             of
             Viewing
             the
             Castle
             of
             
               St.
               Andrews
            
             ,
             It
             was
             contriv'd
             ,
             that
             the
             Gates
             should
             be
             shut
             upon
             his
             Followers
             ,
             and
             so
             he
             deliver'd
             himself
             from
             his
             Guard.
             
             It
             would
             be
             but
             the
             same
             thing
             over
             again
             ,
             to
             Enumerate
             the
             Repeated
             Usurpations
             of
             their
             Government
             ,
             and
             the
             Contumacy
             of
             their
             Ministers
             :
             their
             Rebellious
             Practises
             at
             
               Striveling
               ,
               Glasgow
               ,
               &c.
            
             and
             that
             Horrid
             Outrage
             against
             the
             Octavians
             in
             
               Edinburgh
               ,
               Decemb.
            
             17.
             1596.
             
             When
             the
             King
             appoints
             a
             Feast
             ,
             they
             Indict
             a
             Fast
             ;
             the
             Council
             Orders
             the
             Ministers
             of
             Edinburgh
             to
             give
             Thanks
             for
             his
             Majesties
             Deliverance
             from
             
               Gowry's
               Conspiracy
            
             :
             Their
             Answer
             was
             ,
             That
             
               they
               were
               not
               acquainted
               with
               the
               Business
               .
            
             And
             when
             it
             was
             urg'd
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             only
             to
             affect
             the
             People
             with
             the
             Sence
             of
             his
             Majesties
             having
             scap'd
             a
             great
             Danger
             ,
             they
             Reply'd
             ,
             That
             
               nothing
               should
               be
               Vtter'd
               in
               the
               Pulpit
               ,
               but
               That
               whereof
               the
               Truth
               was
               known
               .
            
             Nay
             ,
             they
             would
             not
             so
             much
             as
             pray
             for
             the
             Kings
             Mother
             ,
             when
             her
             Death
             was
             Resolv'd
             upon
             ,
             tho'
             the
             very
             Form
             was
             prescrib'd
             in
             the
             most
             Innocent
             Terms
             Imaginable
             .
             viz.
             
               That
               it
               might
               please
               God
               to
               Illuminate
               her
               with
               the
               Light
               of
               his
               Truth
               ,
               and
               save
               her
               from
               the
               apparent
               Danger
               wherein
               she
               was
               cast
               .
            
          
           
           
             And
             This
             would
             have
             been
             the
             Issue
             too
             of
             the
             English
             Project
             under
             Queen
             Elizabeth
             ;
             
             as
             appears
             by
             the
             Insolence
             of
             their
             Demands
             ,
             and
             the
             Virulence
             of
             their
             Writings
             ,
             if
             the
             Conspiracy
             had
             not
             been
             nipp'd
             in
             the
             Bud.
             
          
           
             The
             
               Scottish
               Insurrection
            
             in
             1637.
             was
             only
             their
             Old
             Method
             Reviv'd
             .
             
             Of
             which
             ,
             in
             a
             few
             Words
             ,
             Out
             of
             the
             
               Kings
               Declaration
            
             upon
             That
             Subject
             .
          
           
             Upon
             occasion
             of
             a
             Seditious
             Uproar
             at
             Edinburgh
             ,
             
             Octob.
             18.
             1637.
             his
             Late
             Majesty
             order'd
             the
             Discharge
             of
             all
             such
             Meetings
             ,
             upon
             Pain
             of
             Death
             .
             And
             his
             Proclamation
             ,
             being
             Publish'd
             at
             
               Sterling
               ,
               Lithgow
            
             ,
             and
             Edinburgh
             ,
             was
             encounter'd
             with
             a
             Protestation
             against
             it
             ,
             at
             the
             same
             Times
             ,
             and
             Places
             ;
             and
             with
             the
             same
             Solemnity
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             had
             been
             Both
             by
             the
             same
             Authority
             .
             Immediately
             upon
             this
             Affront
             ,
             the
             Protestors
             erect
             
               Publique
               Tables
               of
               Council
            
             for
             Ordering
             the
             Affairs
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             without
             the
             Consent
             of
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             in
             Contempt
             of
             his
             Majesty
             and
             Council
             .
             At
             
             These
             Tables
             ,
             having
             First
             agreed
             upon
             their
             Covenant
             ,
             they
             conclude
             upon
             Certain
             Propositions
             of
             Instruction
             to
             the
             Party
             .
             
               No
               Answer
               must
               be
               made
               to
               State-Questions
               without
               Advice
               .
               All
            
             Proclamations
             
               to
               be
            
             Protected
             against
             ;
             and
             to
             take
             nothing
             for
             Satisfaction
             ,
             Less
             than
             their
             Whole
             Demand
             .
             This
             way
             of
             Anti-Protesting
             they
             made
             use
             of
             from
             first
             to
             last
             .
             Upon
             his
             Majesties
             Proclamation
             for
             Dissolving
             the
             Assembly
             at
             Glasgow
             1638.
             they
             did
             not
             only
             Protest
             ,
             and
             
               Refuse
               to
               Depart
            
             ,
             but
             
               Cited
               the
               Kings
               Council
               that
               Sign'd
               the
               Proclamation
               ,
               to
               appear
               before
               the
               King
               ,
               and
               Parliament
               .
            
             In
             This
             their
             Protestation
             ,
             his
             Majesty
             observes
             
               Eleaven
               Nullities
            
             ;
             and
             that
             
               In
               One
               Hour
               they
               made
               Void
               Six
               General
               Assemblies
            
             ;
             tho'
             Two
             of
             them
             Wholly
             ,
             and
             the
             Other
             Four
             ,
             in
             Part
             ,
             were
             Ratifi'd
             by
             Acts
             of
             Parliament
             .
             
               In
               Another
               Hour
               ,
               they
               Damn'd
               all
               the
            
             Arminian
             
               Tenets
               ,
               without
               Defining
               what
               they
               were
               .
               In
               Another
               Hour
               they
               Depriv'd
               One
               Arch-Bishop
               ,
               and
               Two
               Bishops
               .
            
             And
             
               in
               One
               hour
               more
               ,
               they
               Abolish'd
               Episcopacy
               ;
               Deposing
               Four
               Bishops
               ,
               barely
               upon
               a
               Libel
               read
               in
               the
               Pulpit
               ,
               without
               Examining
               any
               
               One
               Witness
               against
               them
            
             ;
             and
             only
             for
             the
             Crime
             of
             Obeying
             Parliaments
             ,
             and
             General
             Assemblies
             .
          
           
             All
             This
             they
             do
             ,
             
             as
             having
             the
             Cognition
             of
             
               Ecclesiastical
               Matters
            
             .
             They
             Arm
             the
             
               Subject
               ;
               Block
               up
            
             ,
             and
             Force
             the
             Kings
             Forts
             ,
             and
             Castles
             ;
             Intercept
             Victuals
             ,
             and
             Ammunition
             for
             their
             
               Relief
               ;
               Tax
               the
               People
               ;
               Levy
               Soldiers
            
             against
             the
             King
             ;
             Issue
             out
             Warrants
             to
             Sheriffs
             for
             Commissioners
             of
             Parliament
             ;
             and
             when
             they
             are
             Ask'd
             why
             they
             do
             these
             things
             ;
             
               'T
               is
               for
               the
               Good
               of
               the
               Church
               ,
            
             (
             they
             say
             )
             
               the
               Glory
               of
               God
            
             ;
             and
             
               the
               Preservation
               of
               Religion
            
             .
             (
             Kings
             Declaration
             ,
             pag.
             415.
             )
             These
             are
             the
             men
             that
             
               bind
               their
               Kings
               in
               Chains
               ,
               and
               their
               Nobles
               in
               Links
               of
               Iron
               ,
            
             according
             to
             the
             very
             Letter
             .
             And
             you
             shall
             now
             see
             that
             the
             
               English
               Covenanters
            
             are
             as
             good
             Text-Proof
             as
             their
             Brethren
             .
             Take
             Notice
             here
             ,
             That
             my
             Observations
             are
             restrain'd
             simply
             to
             the
             Actings
             of
             the
             Presbyterians
             ,
             without
             Imputing
             any
             thing
             to
             Them
             that
             was
             done
             by
             the
             Influence
             of
             the
             Independents
             .
          
           
             It
             appears
             from
             what
             is
             already
             said
             ,
             
             
             that
             
               The
               Name
               of
               God
            
             was
             the
             Prologue
             to
             
               Both
               Rebellions
            
             :
             The
             Form
             ,
             and
             Doctrine
             of
             the
             
               English
               League
            
             ,
             the
             very
             Translation
             of
             the
             Scottish
             :
             It
             rests
             now
             to
             shew
             ,
             that
             the
             
               English
               Practices
            
             are
             so
             likewise
             ;
             and
             how
             far
             they
             have
             put
             their
             Seditious
             Positions
             in
             Execution
             .
             What
             was
             the
             English
             way
             of
             Remonstrating
             ,
             and
             Declaring
             ,
             but
             the
             
               Scottish
               Mode
            
             of
             
               Protesting
               ?
               The
               General
               Assembly
            
             declines
             the
             Kings
             Authority
             in
             the
             Case
             of
             Treason
             ;
             and
             so
             did
             
               the
               House
               of
               Commons
            
             ,
             in
             the
             Case
             of
             their
             Members
             .
             The
             Kirk
             refus'd
             to
             pray
             for
             the
             Queen
             ;
             and
             our
             Mock-Parliament
             made
             it
             Penal
             to
             Pray
             for
             the
             King
             ;
             And
             they
             both
             of
             them
             took
             upon
             themselves
             to
             
               Convene
               Assemblies
               ;
               Impose
               Othes
            
             ,
             and
             Subscriptions
             by
             their
             own
             Power
             :
             To
             
               Banish
               the
               Kings
               Servants
            
             ,
             and
             
               Scandalize
               his
               Ministers
            
             :
             And
             with
             a
             Scottish
             Grace
             the
             
               English
               Faction
            
             tells
             the
             King
             ,
             in
             Answer
             to
             one
             of
             his
             Declarations
             ,
             That
             
               his
               Suggestion
               is
               as
               False
               as
               the
               Father
               of
               Lies
               can
               Invent.
            
             As
             they
             agreed
             in
             the
             Intent
             of
             the
             Reformation
             ,
             So
             did
             they
             also
             in
             the
             Manner
             of
             it
             .
             They
             Alarm'd
             the
             City
             of
             London
             at
             Midnight
             ,
             
             that
             
               the
               King
               was
               coming
               with
               his
               Papists
               to
               fire
               the
               Town
               ,
               and
               burn
               the
               Citizens
               in
               their
               Beds
            
             ;
             (
             the
             Common
             Pretences
             of
             Scotland
             )
             And
             after
             the
             
               Scottish
               Methode
            
             too
             ,
             
               they
               Rifled
               Winchester-Church
            
             in
             1642.
             
             
               Burnt
               the
               Communion-Table
               in
               an
               Ale-House
               ;
               brake
               open
               several
               Leaden
               Chests
               ,
               wherein
               the
               Bodyes
               of
               some
               of
               the
            
             Saxon
             Kings
             
               were
               Deposited
               ;
               Casting
               the
               Dust
               into
               the
               Air
               ;
               and
               throwing
               the
               Bones
               of
               them
               at
               the
               Windows
               :
               Hacking
               with
               their
               Swords
               the
               Crown
               that
               was
               there
               upon
               the
               very
               Statue
               of
               the
               King.
            
             With
             the
             same
             Barbarity
             they
             proceeded
             at
             Chichester
             ,
             where
             
               they
               Pickt
               out
               the
               Eyes
               of
            
             Edw.
             VI.
             
               his
               Picture
            
             ;
             saying
             ,
             that
             
               all
               this
               was
               long
               of
               his
               Book
               of
               Common
               Prayer
               .
            
             At
             Canterbury
             ,
             and
             Rochester
             they
             did
             the
             Like
             ,
             and
             turn'd
             the
             Church
             of
             
               St.
               Paul
            
             ,
             both
             into
             a
             Stable
             ,
             and
             an
             Ale-House
             .
             It
             might
             serve
             ,
             in
             one
             word
             for
             all
             ,
             to
             say
             ,
             That
             they
             have
             put
             all
             their
             Positions
             before
             spoken
             of
             in
             Practice
             .
          
           
             The
             
               Two
               Houses
            
             ,
             
             by
             their
             own
             Authority
             ,
             set
             up
             Ordinances
             for
             Laws
             ;
             settl'd
             the
             Militia
             ;
             stil'd
             themselves
             
               the
               Supreme
               Iudicature
            
             of
             the
             Kingdome
             ;
             Chang'd
             
             the
             Whole
             Frame
             of
             the
             Government
             ;
             Punish'd
             those
             as
             Traytours
             that
             serv'd
             the
             King
             ;
             Seiz'd
             the
             Kings
             
               Forts
               ,
               Towns
               ,
               Magazines
            
             ,
             and
             
               Revenues
               ;
               Rais'd
               an
               Army
               against
               him
            
             ;
             Impos'd
             
               Taxes
               ,
               Excise
               ,
               Customes
            
             ;
             took
             away
             Episcopacy
             ,
             and
             the
             Common-Prayer
             ,
             and
             settled
             the
             
               Directory
               ;
               Proclaim'd
               Fasts
            
             ;
             spoil'd
             the
             King
             of
             his
             Authority
             ;
             made
             him
             a
             Prisoner
             ,
             under
             Colour
             of
             taking
             him
             into
             Protection
             ;
             and
             then
             for
             a
             Sum
             of
             Money
             ,
             with
             
               Iudas
               ,
               betray'd
               their
               Master
               to
               be
               Crucifi'd
               .
            
          
           
             All
             this
             and
             More
             was
             not
             only
             the
             Effect
             of
             the
             Covenant
             ,
             
             but
             the
             very
             Drift
             ,
             and
             Meaning
             of
             it
             ;
             as
             appears
             by
             the
             Artificial
             Emprovement
             of
             it
             to
             all
             their
             Purposes
             :
             (
             being
             the
             very
             Test
             of
             the
             Faction
             .
             )
             No
             man
             was
             allow'd
             to
             Practice
             the
             Law
             ;
             No
             man
             Admitted
             into
             the
             Ministry
             ,
             that
             had
             not
             taken
             it
             ;
             and
             it
             was
             Impos'd
             ,
             under
             a
             Penalty
             upon
             the
             Whole
             Nation
             .
             And
             Then
             After
             the
             Taking
             of
             it
             ,
             it
             was
             made
             Death
             for
             any
             man
             to
             return
             to
             his
             Allegiance
             ;
             and
             all
             the
             Deserters
             of
             the
             Conspiracy
             ,
             that
             were
             murther'd
             under
             a
             Form
             of
             Justice
             ,
             were
             put
             to
             Death
             for
             
               Breach
               of
               Covenant
            
             .
          
           
           
             
               When
               the
               late
               King
            
             ,
             
             May
             1646.
             
               in
               his
               Distress
               ,
               apply'd
               himself
               to
               the
            
             Scotch
             ;
             
               and
               they
               receiv'd
               him
               ,
               as
               into
               Protection
               ;
               his
               Friends
               were
               kept
               from
               him
               at
            
             Newcastle
             ,
             
               by
               as
               strict
               an
               Order
               ,
               as
               afterwards
               at
            
             Holdenby
             .
             
               But
               they
               Formaliz'd
               the
               Matter
               however
               ,
            
             how
             Base
             a
             thing
             it
             would
             be
             for
             Scotland
             to
             Deliver
             up
             their
             King
             ;
             
             and
             how
             Inconsistent
             with
             the
             Duty
             of
             their
             Covenant
             ,
             and
             how
             Dishonourable
             to
             the
             Army
             ;
             
               to
               whom
               in
               his
               Extreme
               Danger
               he
               had
               Recourse
            
             for
             Safety
             .
             The
             Scotch
             Commissioners
             
               also
               Aggravating
               the
               Matter
            
             .
             
             If
             it
             be
             Contrary
             (
             
               say
               they
            
             )
             to
             the
             Law
             ,
             and
             Common
             Practice
             of
             Nations
             ,
             to
             deliver
             up
             the
             meanest
             Subject
             ,
             fled
             to
             them
             ,
             tho'
             it
             be
             for
             the
             greatest
             Crimes
             ;
             How
             much
             more
             would
             the
             World
             abroad
             Condemn
             our
             Army
             for
             a
             Base
             ,
             Dishonourable
             Act
             ,
             if
             they
             should
             deliver
             up
             their
             Head
             ,
             and
             Soveraign
             (
             having
             cast
             himself
             into
             their
             Hands
             )
             to
             be
             Dispos'd
             of
             at
             the
             Arbitrament
             of
             another
             Nation
             ?
             Nay
             ,
             (
             
               says
               the
               Chancellour
            
             )
             I
             shall
             desire
             that
             the
             Word
             of
             
               Disposing
               of
               the
               Kings
               Person
            
             ,
             may
             be
             rightly
             understood
             
               for
               to
            
             Dispose
             of
             the
             Kings
             Person
             ,
             as
             Both
             Houses
             ,
             or
             Both
             
             Kingdoms
             shall
             think
             fit
             ,
             may
             in
             some
             sence
             ,
             be
             to
             Depose
             ,
             or
             
               worse
               .
               But
               alas
               !
               these
               Difficulties
               only
               stuck
               till
               the
               Price
               was
               agreed
               upon
               .
               How
               Stiff
               they
               were
               ,
               till
               the
               Bargain
               was
               Struck
               ,
               and
               after
               That
               ,
               how
               Flat
               ,
               and
               Supple
               !
               For
               Then
               he
               tells
               his
               Majesty
               plainly
               ,
               If
            
             he
             refuses
             the
             Propositions
             ,
             
             Both
             Kingdoms
             will
             be
             Constrain'd
             (
             for
             their
             Mutual
             Safety
             )
             to
             agree
             ,
             and
             settle
             Religion
             ,
             and
             Peace
             without
             him
             .
             
               And
               he
               is
               told
               afterward
               by
               the
               Pretended
            
             Declaration
             of
             the
             Kingdome
             of
             Scotland
             ,
             of
             
               Jan.
               16.
               1646.
               that
            
             by
             reason
             of
             his
             Refusal
             ,
             there
             would
             be
             a
             Ioynt
             Course
             taken
             by
             Both
             Kingdoms
             concerning
             the
             Disposal
             of
             his
             Person
             .
             
               And
               Then
               a
               little
               After
            
             ,
             [
             with
             respect
             had
             to
             the
             Safety
             ,
             and
             Preservation
             of
             his
             Royal
             Person
             .
             
               *
               In
               the
               Preservation
               ,
               and
               Defence
               of
               the
               True
               Religion
               ,
               and
               Liberties
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               .
            
             According
             to
             the
             
               COVENANT
               ,
               &c.
               ]
               On
            
             Feb.
             12.
             
             
               They
               Exhort
               their
            
             Covenanted
             Brethren
             (
             
               the
               Assembly
               at
            
             Westminster
             )
             to
             hold
             fast
             their
             Solemn
             League
             ,
             and
             Covenant
             ;
             to
             Entertain
             a
             Brotherhood
             ,
             and
             Vnity
             between
             the
             Nations
             ;
             
               but
               not
               a
               Syllable
               of
               the
               King.
               
               And
               again
            
             Ian.
             18.
             the
             General
             Assembly
             
               of
               the
            
             Kirk
             
               presses
               the
               Two
               Houses
               to
               a
            
             Speedy
             Establishment
             of
             the
             Presbytery
             .
             (
             
               And
               here
               again
               no
               Mention
               of
               his
               Majesty
               .
            
             )
          
           
             
               But
               what
               's
               the
               Sum
               now
               of
               these
            
             Propostions
             
               that
               stand
               in
               Competition
               with
               the
               Kings
            
             Freedome
             ,
             
             Life
             ,
             and
             Dignity
             ?
             First
             ;
             Only
             the
             Iustifying
             ,
             and
             Confirming
             of
             all
             they
             had
             done
             .
             Secondly
             ;
             The
             giving
             away
             of
             the
             Militia
             of
             England
             ,
             and
             Ireland
             ,
             for
             
               Twenty
               Years
            
             ,
             with
             Power
             to
             Raise
             Men
             and
             
               Money
               .
               Thirdly
            
             ;
             His
             Majesty
             must
             Swear
             ,
             and
             Sign
             the
             Covenant
             ;
             Impose
             it
             upon
             the
             Three
             Kingdomes
             ;
             Abolish
             Episcopacy
             ,
             and
             settle
             Religion
             ,
             as
             Both
             Houses
             shall
             Agree
             .
             Fourthly
             ;
             All
             Honours
             (
             since
             1642.
             )
             must
             be
             made
             Null
             and
             Void
             ;
             No
             Peers
             admitted
             in
             Parliament
             ,
             for
             the
             Future
             ,
             but
             by
             Consent
             of
             the
             Two
             Houses
             .
             Fifthly
             ;
             All
             Great
             Places
             ,
             and
             Offices
             of
             Honour
             in
             England
             ,
             and
             Ireland
             ,
             to
             be
             Dispos'd
             of
             by
             Consent
             of
             Parliament
             ;
             
               and
               in
               Fine
               ;
               his
               Majesty
               must
               deliver
               to
            
             Death
             ,
             Beggery
             ,
             and
             Scorn
             all
             that
             ever
             Serv'd
             him
             .
          
           
           
             Thus
             was
             this
             
               Glorious
               Prince
               Betray'd
               ,
               and
               Sold
               ,
               according
               to
               the
            
             COVENANT
             .
             Here
             's
             the
             True
             English
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             the
             Divinity
             of
             that
             Moloch
             ,
             to
             which
             this
             Nation
             has
             offer'd
             up
             so
             many
             Noble
             Sacrifices
             .
             Are
             not
             our
             Fundamental
             
               Laws
               ,
               Persons
               ,
               Consciences
            
             ,
             and
             Estates
             ,
             Secure
             ,
             and
             Happy
             ,
             under
             the
             Care
             ,
             and
             Wing
             of
             such
             Blessed
             Guardians
             ?
             How
             meanly
             have
             we
             Prostituted
             the
             Reverence
             of
             the
             Land
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             Government
             ,
             to
             the
             Lusts
             of
             these
             Imperious
             ,
             Shameless
             Ravishers
             !
             Take
             Notice
             here
             of
             some
             of
             the
             Kirks
             following
             Resolves
             upon
             the
             Main
             Point
             in
             Question
             .
             First
             ,
             
               That
               the
               Kings
               Taking
               of
               the
            
             Scotch
             Covenant
             ,
             
               and
               Passing
            
             Some
             
               of
               the
            
             Propositions
             ,
             
               does
               not
               Warrant
            
             Scotland
             
               to
               Assist
               him
               against
            
             England
             .
             Secondly
             ;
             
               That
               upon
               bare
               Taking
               the
            
             National
             Covenant
             ,
             
               they
               may
               not
               Receive
               him
            
             .
             Thirdly
             ;
             
               That
               the
               Clause
               in
               the
               Covenant
            
             for
             Defence
             of
             the
             Kings
             Person
             ,
             
               is
               to
               be
               understood
            
             In
             Defence
             ,
             and
             Safety
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             Fourthly
             ;
             
               That
               his
               Majesty
               shall
               Execute
               no
               Power
               in
            
             Scotland
             ,
             
               without
               satisfying
               every
               Point
            
             .
             Fifthly
             ;
             
               That
               Refusing
               the
               
               Propositions
               ,
               he
               shall
               be
               dispos'd
               of
               according
               to
               the
            
             Covenant
             ,
             
               and
               the
            
             Treaties
             .
          
           
             Nor
             would
             the
             
               Two
               Houses
            
             Probably
             have
             Us'd
             him
             any
             better
             if
             he
             had
             gone
             to
             Them.
             
             For
             ,
             upon
             his
             First
             withdrawing
             himself
             ,
             they
             Voted
             it
             
               Treason
               ,
               and
               Death
               without
               Mercy
               ,
               for
               any
               Man
               to
               Harbour
               ,
               and
               Conceal
               the
               Kings
               Person
               ,
            
             (
             upon
             a
             Supposition
             that
             his
             Majesty
             was
             then
             in
             London
             .
             )
             This
             was
             the
             4th
             of
             May
             ;
             and
             on
             the
             6th
             ,
             the
             Commons
             Voted
             him
             to
             
               Warwick
               Castle
            
             ,
             which
             was
             Unvoted
             again
             ,
             upon
             the
             9th
             ;
             and
             in
             Iune
             ,
             they
             Voted
             
               the
               Kings
               going
               to
               the
            
             Scots
             ,
             
               a
               Design
               to
               prolongue
               the
               War.
               
            
          
           
             Let
             me
             not
             appear
             to
             Confound
             the
             Faction
             of
             Scotland
             with
             the
             Nation
             ;
             
             for
             no
             Country
             affords
             greater
             Instances
             of
             Integrity
             ,
             and
             Honour
             .
             Nay
             ,
             I
             have
             heard
             it
             from
             good
             Authority
             ,
             that
             
               the
               Kings
               going
               into
            
             Scotland
             ,
             (
             which
             he
             most
             earnestly
             desir'd
             )
             
               was
               carry'd
               in
               the
            
             Negative
             ,
             
               only
               by
            
             Two
             Voyces
             .
          
           
             His
             Majesty
             is
             now
             under
             the
             Care
             of
             his
             New
             Governours
             ,
             
             and
             a
             Prisoner
             to
             the
             Covenanters
             at
             Holdenby
             ;
             where
             he
             desir'd
             only
             Two
             of
             his
             Chaplains
             that
             had
             
             not
             taken
             the
             Covenant
             ;
             and
             Then
             ,
             a
             
               Common-Prayer
               Book
               for
               his
               own
               Private
            
             Use
             ,
             but
             Neither
             could
             be
             Granted
             him
             .
          
           
             At
             
               the
               Isle
               of
               Wight
            
             ,
             
             the
             same
             Faction
             had
             the
             handling
             of
             him
             again
             ;
             where
             they
             still
             Treated
             his
             Majesty
             much
             at
             the
             same
             Rate
             .
             And
             they
             Us'd
             his
             
               Royal
               Successour
            
             not
             much
             better
             in
             1650.
             
             When
             ,
             to
             Auspicate
             the
             Project
             for
             the
             Recovery
             of
             his
             Crown
             ,
             in
             the
             very
             Dependence
             of
             a
             Treaty
             at
             Breda
             with
             him
             ;
             upon
             the
             Instigation
             of
             the
             Kirk
             ;
             they
             Murther'd
             the
             Brave
             ,
             and
             Generous
             Montross
             ,
             with
             the
             most
             horrid
             Circumstances
             of
             Malice
             Imaginable
             :
             And
             how
             they
             Us'd
             the
             King
             himself
             afterward
             at
             his
             Coming
             among
             them
             ,
             I
             am
             not
             willing
             to
             mention
             .
          
           
             Nay
             ,
             
             when
             the
             Time
             appointed
             by
             Gods
             Providence
             was
             come
             for
             the
             Restoring
             of
             the
             King
             ,
             the
             
               Presbyterian
               Ministers
            
             in
             London
             Publish'd
             a
             kind
             of
             Squinting
             Gratulation
             upon
             That
             Occasion
             ;
             as
             if
             Popery
             were
             coming
             in
             with
             his
             Majesty
             for
             Company
             .
             And
             the
             
               same
               Party
            
             ,
             upon
             the
             Re-Admission
             of
             the
             
               Secluded
               Members
            
             ,
             press'd
             upon
             the
             House
             
             of
             Commons
             these
             Two
             following
             Votes
             ,
             for
             the
             Justification
             of
             the
             Rebellion
             in
             1641.
             and
             in
             order
             to
             the
             Exclusion
             of
             the
             Royal
             Party
             from
             the
             next
             Choice
             .
          
           
             1.
             
             I
             do
             Acknowledge
             ,
             and
             Declare
             ,
             that
             the
             War
             undertaken
             by
             Both
             Houses
             of
             Parliament
             in
             their
             Defence
             against
             the
             Forces
             rais'd
             in
             the
             Name
             of
             the
             Late
             King
             ,
             was
             Iust
             ,
             and
             Lawful
             ;
             and
             that
             Magistracy
             ,
             and
             Ministry
             are
             the
             Ordinances
             of
             God.
             
          
           
             2.
             
             Resolv'd
             that
             All
             ,
             and
             Every
             Person
             ,
             who
             have
             Advised
             ,
             or
             Voluntarily
             Aided
             ,
             Abetted
             ,
             Assisted
             ,
             in
             any
             War
             against
             the
             Parliament
             ,
             (
             since
             the
             First
             day
             of
             
               Jan.
               1641.
            
             )
             His
             ,
             or
             Their
             Sons
             ,
             (
             unless
             He
             ,
             or
             They
             ,
             have
             since
             manifested
             their
             Good
             Affections
             to
             This
             Parliament
             )
             shall
             be
             Vncapable
             to
             be
             Elected
             ,
             to
             serve
             as
             Members
             of
             the
             next
             Parliament
             .
             
               So
               that
               as
               their
            
             Feud
             against
             Kings
             ,
             is
             Implacable
             ,
             their
             Aversion
             
               likewise
               to
               all
               those
               that
            
             Love
             their
             Prince
             ,
             
               descends
               from
               Generation
               to
               Generation
            
             .
          
           
             How
             Inconsistent
             Presbytery
             is
             with
             Monarchy
             ,
             
             is
             sufficiently
             manifest
             .
             But
             they
             'l
             say
             for
             themselves
             ,
             that
             
               Kings
               may
               be
               Misled
            
             ;
             and
             that
             it
             is
             not
             the
             Form
             of
             
             Government
             that
             is
             Grievous
             to
             Them
             ,
             but
             the
             Male-Administration
             of
             it
             .
             To
             which
             ,
             it
             may
             be
             Reply'd
             ,
             That
             
               All
               Governours
            
             ,
             under
             what
             Form
             soever
             ,
             are
             to
             
               Them
               ,
               Alike
            
             ,
             where
             they
             themselves
             are
             not
             Vppermost
             :
             And
             that
             the
             Reformation
             of
             Personal
             Failings
             will
             not
             do
             their
             Business
             without
             the
             Total
             Subversion
             of
             all
             those
             wholesome
             ,
             and
             Profitable
             Laws
             that
             stand
             in
             the
             Way
             of
             their
             Discipline
             :
             It
             being
             their
             Custome
             to
             Reproach
             Princes
             ,
             and
             their
             Ministers
             ,
             for
             straining
             the
             Prerogative
             ,
             while
             they
             Themselves
             at
             the
             same
             time
             ,
             Usurp
             over
             
               Kings
               ,
               Parliaments
            
             ,
             and
             People
             :
             And
             Trample
             under
             their
             Feet
             ,
             All
             that
             is
             Sacred
             in
             Society
             ,
             and
             Government
             .
          
           
             Princes
             ,
             
             
               't
               is
               true
               ,
               may
               have
               their
            
             Errours
             ,
             
               and
               their
            
             Passions
             ;
             
               but
               what
               have
               the
               Innocent
            
             Laws
             
               done
               ?
               Are
               They
            
             Popishly
             Affected
             
               too
               ?
               But
               where
               ever
            
             Presbytery
             
               reigns
               ,
               there
               can
               be
               no
            
             Law
             ,
             
               but
               their
               own
            
             Will.
             
               Did
               they
               not
               (
               in
            
             Scotland
             )
             Damn
             Bishops
             ,
             as
             Anti-Christian
             ,
             
               and
               Deprive
            
             Ecclesiastiques
             
               of
               their
               Voyces
               in
            
             Parliament
             ,
             Convention
             ,
             and
             Council
             ?
             
             notwithstanding
             Three
             Acts
             of
             Parliament
             ;
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             of
             1584.
             1597.
             and
             1606.
             expresly
             to
             the
             Contrary
             .
             And
             did
             they
             not
             pronounce
             the
             Acts
             of
             the
             Assemblies
             of
             Glasgow
             ,
             and
             Perth
             to
             be
             Void
             ,
             and
             Illegal
             ,
             tho'
             Enacted
             as
             
               Municipal
               Laws
            
             ?
             Ask
             them
             now
             (
             says
             his
             Late
             Majesty
             ;
             Large
             Declaration
             ,
             
               Pag.
               416.
               )
               by
               what
               Authority
               they
               do
               these
               things
               ,
            
             expresly
             
               against
               Acts
               of
               Parliament
               ,
               Acts
               of
               Council
               ,
            
             and
             
               Acts
               of
               General
               Assemblies
            
             .
             They
             Answer
             ,
             that
             
               Those
               Acts
               of
               Assembly
               were
               unduely
               Obtain'd
               ;
               and
               that
               now
               they
               have
               Rescinded
               them
               .
               For
               Acts
               of
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             
               Acts
               of
               Council
               ,
               they
               Express
               great
               Wonder
               that
               any
               man
               should
               Question
               their
               Authority
               over
               Them
               :
               For
               if
               Christ
               be
               above
               the
               King
               ,
               Christ
               Council
               must
               likewise
               be
               Supreme
               ;
               Parliaments
               being
               only
               the
               Council
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               .
               And
               for
               the
               Kings
               Privy
               Council
               ,
               and
               Iudges
               ,
               they
               must
               submit
               to
               the
               Councellours
               ,
               and
               Iudges
               under
               Christ
               ,
               who
               is
               the
               King
               of
               Kings
               .
            
             Nor
             is
             it
             all
             that
             they
             assume
             to
             themselves
             an
             
               Arbitrary
               Rule
            
             ;
             but
             whoever
             refuses
             Subscription
             ,
             and
             Obedience
             to
             their
             Acts
             ,
             and
             Decrees
             ,
             stands
             Excommunicate
             without
             
             Mercy
             .
             And
             Then
             (
             if
             he
             persist
             )
             follows
             
               Out-Lawry
               ;
               Forfeiture
            
             of
             his
             Goods
             ;
             his
             
               Revenue
               for
               Life
               ;
               Letters
               of
               Caption
            
             for
             the
             Seizing
             of
             his
             Person
             ;
             and
             
               Close
               Commitment
            
             as
             a
             Traytour
             .
             If
             he
             does
             not
             yet
             Appear
             ,
             they
             take
             out
             Letters
             of
             Intercommuning
             ;
             making
             it
             Treason
             to
             Receive
             ,
             or
             hold
             any
             Correspondence
             with
             him
             .
             This
             is
             Executed
             by
             a
             Warrant
             to
             the
             
               Civil
               Iudge
            
             from
             a
             Commissioner
             of
             the
             Presbytery
             ;
             and
             upon
             his
             Refusal
             ,
             to
             see
             the
             Sentence
             put
             in
             Execution
             ,
             he
             himself
             incurrs
             the
             same
             Danger
             .
          
           
             And
             the
             same
             Tyranny
             was
             Exercis'd
             by
             the
             
               Two
               Houses
            
             upon
             the
             
               English
               Government
            
             ;
             
             Whose
             Orders
             were
             Impos'd
             upon
             the
             Nation
             ,
             for
             Laws
             ,
             and
             Obedience
             requir'd
             to
             them
             ,
             under
             Pain
             of
             
               Life
               ,
               Liberty
            
             ,
             or
             Estate
             ,
             at
             Pleasure
             .
          
           
             What
             a
             Mockery
             is
             it
             now
             to
             talk
             of
             
               Religion
               ,
               Kings
               ,
               Parliaments
            
             ,
             or
             Laws
             ,
             where
             the
             Dictates
             of
             Mechaniques
             shall
             Over-rule
             the
             Articles
             of
             the
             
               Apostolique
               Faith
            
             ;
             and
             the
             Vote
             of
             a
             Seditious
             Conventicle
             ,
             Dissolve
             the
             Order
             ,
             and
             Authority
             of
             a
             Legal
             ,
             and
             
               Establish'd
               Government
            
             ?
          
        
         
           
           
             The
             Tyranny
             of
             the
             Presbytery
             over
             the
             Consciences
             ,
             Lives
             ,
             Liberties
             and
             Estates
             of
             the
             People
             .
          
           
             ALtho'
             These
             Vsurpations
             upon
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             the
             Government
             it self
             ,
             do
             Naturally
             Presuppose
             ,
             and
             Imply
             an
             Oppression
             upon
             the
             Subject
             ;
             It
             will
             not
             be
             amiss
             yet
             ,
             more
             particularly
             to
             Expose
             the
             Inevitable
             ,
             and
             the
             Scandalous
             Slavery
             of
             living
             under
             
               That
               Dominion
            
             ;
             as
             well
             in
             regard
             of
             their
             
               Vnlimited
               Power
            
             ,
             as
             of
             their
             
               Inherent
               Cruelty
            
             ,
             and
             Rigour
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             Matter
             of
             
               Conscience
               ,
               Life
               ,
               Liberty
            
             ,
             and
             Estate
             ,
             Enough
             is
             said
             already
             in
             the
             very
             Case
             of
             their
             Covenants
             ;
             wherein
             ,
             without
             any
             respect
             to
             the
             Lawfulness
             of
             the
             Thing
             ,
             or
             the
             Conscience
             of
             the
             Person
             ,
             it
             was
             Sequestration
             ,
             and
             Emprisonment
             ,
             to
             Refuse
             them
             ,
             even
             where
             it
             was
             the
             Hazzard
             of
             Damnation
             to
             Take
             them
             :
             and
             being
             once
             Engag'd
             ,
             't
             was
             Death
             to
             Repent
             .
             The
             History
             of
             Scotland
             abounds
             with
             Instances
             upon
             This
             Subject
             ;
             but
             I
             shall
             rather
             bring
             my
             Observations
             Home
             ,
             to
             the
             Covenanters
             of
             
               our
               Own
               Age
            
             ,
             and
             Nation
             .
          
           
           
             The
             Early
             Plunders
             of
             Sir
             
               Iohn
               Lucas
            
             ,
             
             Sir
             
               William
               Boteler
            
             ,
             The
             Lady
             Rivers
             ;
             with
             other
             Persons
             of
             Eminent
             Condition
             ,
             both
             Lay-men
             ,
             and
             Divines
             ,
             are
             to
             be
             read
             at
             large
             ,
             with
             the
             Inhumane
             Insolences
             that
             were
             Acted
             upon
             their
             Persons
             ,
             and
             Relations
             ,
             in
             
               Mercurius
               Rusticus
            
             :
             but
             the
             Out-rages
             that
             follow'd
             were
             so
             Great
             ,
             and
             so
             Many
             ,
             that
             These
             are
             hardly
             worth
             the
             Mentioning
             ,
             and
             the
             Other
             would
             be
             too
             Tedious
             to
             Recite
             ;
             for
             the
             Whole
             Story
             of
             the
             Rebellion
             was
             carry'd
             on
             with
             Rapine
             ,
             and
             Bloud
             .
             How
             many
             Noble-mens
             Houses
             were
             turn'd
             to
             Prisons
             ,
             without
             the
             Masters
             knowing
             either
             his
             Accuser
             ,
             or
             his
             Offence
             ?
             Several
             Gentlemen
             of
             Quality
             put
             on
             Ship-board
             ,
             and
             half
             smother'd
             in
             the
             Heat
             of
             the
             Year
             ;
             where
             they
             contracted
             Diseases
             ,
             and
             by
             an
             Arbitrary
             Power
             were
             to
             have
             been
             Transported
             nobody
             knew
             whither
             .
             Others
             were
             Sold
             for
             Slaves
             into
             Plantations
             :
             Near
             100
             Ministers
             were
             brought
             out
             of
             the
             West
             ,
             and
             Clapp'd
             up
             in
             Lambeth-house
             ,
             where
             almost
             all
             of
             them
             were
             Destroy'd
             by
             a
             Pestilential
             Feaver
             .
             Nay
             ;
             so
             Profane
             was
             
             their
             Barbarity
             ,
             that
             upon
             Sunday
             the
             5th
             of
             March
             1642.
             
             Dr.
             Featly
             Preaching
             that
             day
             ,
             at
             Lambeth-house
             ,
             order
             was
             given
             to
             dissolve
             the
             Congregation
             ,
             and
             the
             Reformers
             took
             with
             them
             some
             great
             Guns
             to
             do
             the
             Work
             :
             At
             which
             time
             some
             Mischief
             was
             done
             ,
             and
             there
             had
             been
             more
             ,
             but
             for
             a
             Gentleman
             ,
             who
             is
             at
             present
             an
             Eminent
             Person
             in
             the
             City
             ,
             who
             snacht
             away
             the
             Linstock
             just
             as
             they
             were
             going
             to
             give
             fire
             upon
             the
             Congregation
             ,
             into
             the
             Quire
             of
             the
             Chappel
             .
             This
             I
             have
             upon
             the
             Credit
             of
             a
             Man
             of
             Worth
             ,
             and
             Value
             .
             I
             could
             tell
             you
             of
             a
             Minister
             in
             Covent-Garden
             that
             refus'd
             Christian
             Burial
             to
             the
             Body
             of
             a
             Gentleman
             that
             was
             Quarter'd
             for
             his
             Loyalty
             ;
             One
             that
             made
             it
             a
             Moot-Point
             ,
             upon
             an
             
               Anniversary
               Fast
            
             ,
             whether
             or
             no
             the
             
               Kings
               Death
            
             were
             a
             Murther
             .
          
           
             And
             These
             People
             were
             as
             well
             the
             Masters
             of
             our
             Estates
             ,
             
             as
             of
             our
             Persons
             :
             (
             See
             
             Scobell's
             
               Collection
               of
               Acts
               ,
               and
               Ordinances
            
             )
             by
             their
             own
             Power
             ,
             taking
             upon
             them
             to
             
               Sequester
               Delinquents
            
             ;
             Borrow
             Money
             
             upon
             the
             
               Publique
               Faith
            
             ;
             gathering
             of
             Other
             Peoples
             Rents
             ,
             and
             
               Debts
               ;
               Levying
               of
               Money
               ;
               Raising
               of
               Horse
               ;
               Assessing
            
             at
             Pleasure
             ;
             
               Sequestring
               Church
               and
               Crown-Lands
            
             ;
             Gulling
             the
             People
             with
             
               Irish
               Adventures
            
             ;
             Laying
             new
             Imposts
             ;
             Authorizing
             the
             Breaking
             Open
             of
             Locks
             ;
             and
             Examining
             upon
             Othe
             ,
             for
             Discovery
             of
             Delinquents
             Money
             ,
             and
             
               Goods
               ;
               Raising
               ,
               Continuing
            
             ,
             and
             Enlarging
             several
             Excises
             ;
             Borrowing
             Money
             for
             the
             
               Scots
               ;
               Taxing
               the
               Whole
               Nation
            
             ;
             Appropriating
             the
             Profits
             of
             Tonnage
             ,
             and
             Poundage
             to
             themselves
             ;
             Compounding
             for
             Wardships
             :
             Beside
             their
             Impositions
             of
             a
             
               Weekly
               Meal
            
             ;
             their
             
               Monthly
               Assessments
            
             ;
             and
             other
             Impositions
             upon
             the
             People
             to
             an
             Incredible
             Value
             ,
             and
             without
             any
             Colour
             of
             Law.
             
          
           
             As
             there
             is
             
               no
               Freedom
            
             either
             of
             Conscience
             ,
             
             Person
             ,
             or
             Estate
             ,
             under
             their
             Boundless
             Dominion
             ;
             so
             there
             's
             no
             living
             under
             them
             ,
             with
             either
             Peace
             ,
             or
             Reputation
             .
             If
             a
             Man
             and
             a
             Woman
             Live
             in
             such
             a
             manner
             of
             Conversation
             ,
             that
             it
             is
             Possible
             for
             them
             to
             be
             Lewd
             together
             
             in
             Private
             ,
             the
             Presbytery
             shall
             take
             it
             for
             granted
             that
             they
             are
             so
             ;
             and
             without
             any
             Evidence
             ,
             require
             them
             publiquely
             the
             next
             Lords
             day
             ,
             perhaps
             ,
             before
             the
             Congregation
             to
             discharge
             themselves
             upon
             Othe
             that
             they
             are
             Innocent
             .
             Which
             if
             they
             do
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             purge
             themselves
             of
             the
             suspected
             Crime
             ,
             they
             shall
             yet
             be
             forc'd
             to
             do
             
               open
               Penance
            
             for
             their
             Misbehaviour
             .
             But
             if
             two
             Persons
             shall
             be
             Presented
             ,
             under
             a
             Suspicion
             of
             Incontinence
             ,
             and
             that
             being
             Conven'd
             ,
             and
             Examin'd
             ,
             there
             shall
             appear
             any
             strong
             Presumptions
             that
             they
             are
             so
             ;
             tho'
             there
             be
             no
             Proof
             in
             the
             Case
             ,
             they
             shall
             yet
             be
             made
             
               Close
               Prisoners
            
             ,
             to
             feed
             on
             Bread
             and
             Water
             ,
             and
             no
             body
             to
             come
             at
             them
             ;
             to
             try
             ,
             if
             either
             by
             Proof
             ,
             or
             Confession
             ,
             any
             thing
             can
             be
             made
             out
             against
             them
             by
             the
             
               next
               Court-day
            
             :
             If
             not
             ,
             they
             are
             Dismiss'd
             ,
             but
             upon
             Condition
             ,
             that
             if
             ever
             they
             be
             seen
             together
             again
             ,
             unless
             in
             the
             Church
             ,
             or
             in
             the
             Market
             ,
             it
             shall
             be
             taken
             
               pro
               Confesso
            
             that
             they
             are
             Guilty
             .
             There
             was
             a
             Husband
             that
             confessed
             to
             his
             Wife
             some
             Faults
             that
             he
             had
             committed
             ,
             and
             She
             out
             of
             Zeal
             told
             a
             
               Presbyterian
               
               Minister
            
             the
             Story
             ;
             for
             which
             the
             Minister
             very
             fairly
             Convented
             him
             ,
             and
             made
             him
             do
             
               Publique
               Penance
            
             .
             This
             Practice
             has
             Parted
             many
             Men
             and
             their
             Wives
             ;
             and
             stirr'd
             up
             Feuds
             never
             to
             be
             Reconcil'd
             .
             Nay
             a
             man
             shall
             not
             Sue
             for
             a
             Debt
             upon
             a
             Bond
             ,
             or
             a
             Landlord
             ,
             for
             his
             Rent
             ,
             but
             the
             Presbytery
             shall
             take
             the
             Judgment
             of
             it
             to
             Themselves
             ,
             as
             a
             Course
             Scandalous
             to
             the
             Profession
             ,
             where
             any
             of
             their
             own
             Gang
             is
             Concern'd
             .
             They
             must
             have
             an
             Oar
             in
             every
             Boat.
             In
             Scotland
             they
             interpos'd
             in
             the
             Business
             of
             
               Salt-Pans
               ,
               Salmon-Fishing
               ,
               Fairs
            
             ,
             and
             Markets
             ;
             and
             fell
             heavily
             upon
             some
             
               Scottish
               Merchants
            
             in
             Edinburgh
             ,
             for
             carrying
             Wheat
             to
             Spain
             in
             a
             time
             of
             Dearth
             .
             But
             the
             Trade
             of
             Wax
             thither
             ,
             was
             Unpardonable
             ,
             as
             not
             only
             
               feeding
               Gods
               Enemies
            
             ,
             but
             maintaining
             their
             Idolatry
             .
             To
             say
             nothing
             of
             the
             Absurdity
             ,
             in
             their
             Constitution
             ,
             of
             making
             
               Tradesmen
               Iudges
            
             in
             Matters
             of
             Faith
             ;
             and
             the
             Unmannerly
             Temper
             of
             it
             ,
             where
             a
             Taylor
             ,
             or
             a
             Shooe-maker
             shall
             Sit
             ,
             and
             Vote
             Cheek
             by
             Jowle
             with
             his
             Sovereign
             .
          
           
           
             Having
             made
             a
             Faithful
             Report
             of
             the
             
               Pretended
               Powers
            
             ,
             the
             
               Avow'd
               Principles
            
             ,
             and
             the
             
               Open
               Practices
            
             of
             these
             Troublers
             of
             our
             Israel
             ,
             so
             far
             as
             the
             Discovery
             may
             honestly
             conduce
             to
             our
             Present
             Purpose
             ;
             we
             shall
             now
             lay
             open
             
               the
               Mystery
               of
               Iniquity
            
             ,
             in
             the
             
               Secret
               Contrivances
            
             of
             their
             Cabal
             ;
             and
             upon
             no
             less
             Authority
             ,
             than
             the
             Faith
             ,
             and
             Honour
             of
             
               King
               Charles
               the
               Martyr
            
             ,
             in
             his
             Remarques
             upon
             the
             Proceedigs
             of
             the
             
               Scottish
               Covenanters
            
             .
          
           
             The
             Device
             of
             our
             
               standing
               Committees
            
             in
             1641.
             with
             Subordination
             to
             the
             
               Close
               Committee
            
             ,
             
             was
             only
             an
             Imitation
             of
             the
             
               Preparatory
               Tables
               of
               Advice
            
             in
             Scotland
             ,
             with
             Subordination
             to
             their
             
               General
               Table
            
             .
             And
             There
             ,
             Effectually
             ,
             was
             lodged
             the
             last
             Result
             of
             Counsel
             .
             It
             was
             Compos'd
             of
             Men
             of
             
               Brains
               ,
               Popularity
               ,
               Boldness
            
             ,
             and
             such
             as
             were
             most
             Obstinately
             Engag'd
             to
             the
             Faction
             ;
             whether
             Preaching
             ,
             or
             Ruling-Elders
             .
             The
             Acts
             of
             Assembly
             were
             but
             the
             Dictates
             of
             the
             
               General
               Table
            
             ;
             as
             in
             England
             the
             
               Two
               Houses
            
             still
             agreed
             to
             the
             sense
             of
             the
             
               Close
               Committee
            
             .
             There
             it
             was
             ,
             that
             the
             
             Abuses
             of
             Government
             were
             Inspected
             ;
             Reformations
             Modell'd
             ;
             Court-Offices
             dispos'd
             of
             ;
             all
             Conspiracies
             Form'd
             ,
             and
             Digested
             ;
             And
             the
             Preachers
             Expresly
             directed
             what
             Points
             to
             Press
             ,
             and
             which
             Nail
             to
             drive
             .
             There
             can
             be
             no
             better
             Accompt
             given
             of
             their
             
               under-hand
               dealing
            
             ,
             than
             they
             give
             of
             Themselves
             ,
             in
             their
             
               two
               Private
               Papers
               of
               Instructions
            
             (
             Printed
             in
             the
             Late
             Kings
             
               Large
               Declaration
               ,
               Fol.
               282.
               &c.
            
             with
             his
             Majesties
             Notes
             upon
             them
             )
             toward
             the
             Securing
             of
             a
             
               General
               Assembly
            
             (
             which
             was
             to
             meet
             at
             
               Glasgow
               ,
               Nov.
            
             21.
             1638.
             )
             The
             One
             of
             them
             being
             directed
             to
             one
             Lay-Elder
             ;
             and
             the
             Other
             ,
             to
             
               some
               One
               Minister
            
             in
             
               every
               Presbytery
            
             ,
             for
             the
             Packing
             of
             their
             Party
             .
             In
             the
             Former
             of
             them
             you
             have
             in
             terms
             these
             following
             Particulars
             in
             Charge
             .
          
           
             That
             some
             one
             Minister
             ,
             
             and
             Gentleman
             in
             every
             Presbytery
             meet
             oft
             together
             ,
             to
             resolve
             upon
             the
             Particular
             Commissioners
             to
             be
             Chosen
             ,
             and
             use
             all
             diligence
             with
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Ministers
             and
             Gentlemen
             ,
             that
             such
             may
             be
             Chosen
             .
          
           
           
             And
             Because
             nothing
             will
             avail
             so
             much
             for
             our
             Purpose
             ,
             where
             the
             most
             part
             of
             the
             Misters
             are
             disaffected
             ,
             as
             that
             the
             Gentlemen
             be
             present
             to
             Vote
             in
             Presbyteries
             ,
             it
             would
             be
             presently
             try'd
             whether
             this
             be
             put
             in
             Execution
             ;
             and
             if
             the
             Minister
             be
             slow
             in
             urging
             it
             ,
             the
             Gentlemen
             themselves
             to
             urge
             it
             ,
             and
             put
             themselves
             in
             Possession
             .
          
           
             That
             they
             linger
             not
             ,
             they
             would
             be
             urged
             again
             to
             send
             their
             Commissioners
             to
             Edinburgh
             before
             the
             First
             of
             October
             :
             by
             this
             we
             shall
             know
             our
             strength
             the
             better
             at
             our
             Meeting
             .
          
           
             And
             the
             Gentlemen
             (
             at
             least
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             them
             )
             would
             be
             warned
             to
             be
             at
             
               Edinburgh
               ,
               Septemb.
            
             20.
             
             And
             that
             only
             the
             Gentlemen
             who
             are
             nam'd
             Commissioners
             to
             the
             Presbytery
             for
             chusing
             their
             Commissioners
             for
             the
             Assembly
             ,
             with
             some
             to
             assist
             them
             ,
             that
             day
             stay
             at
             home
             ,
             and
             those
             to
             come
             away
             immediately
             after
             the
             Election
             .
          
           
             That
             in
             every
             Presbytery
             there
             be
             a
             Particular
             Care
             taken
             of
             the
             Informations
             against
             the
             Prelates
             ,
             for
             Instructing
             our
             Complaints
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             The
             Other
             Paper
             of
             Private
             Instructions
             of
             Aug.
             27.
             1638.
             runs
             as
             follows
             :
          
           
             THese
             Private
             Instructions
             shall
             be
             discovered
             to
             none
             but
             to
             Brethren
             well
             affected
             to
             the
             Cause
             .
          
           
             Order
             must
             be
             taken
             that
             none
             be
             Chosen
             Ruling-Elders
             ,
             but
             Covenanters
             ,
             and
             Those
             well
             affected
             to
             the
             Business
             .
          
           
             That
             where
             the
             Minister
             is
             not
             well
             Affected
             ,
             the
             Ruling-Elders
             be
             Chosen
             by
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Shire
             ,
             and
             spoken
             to
             particularly
             for
             that
             Effect
             .
          
           
             That
             they
             be
             careful
             no
             
               Chapter-men
               ,
               Chappel-men
            
             ,
             or
             a
             
               Minister
               ,
               Justice
               of
               the
               Peace
               ,
            
             be
             chosen
             ,
             although
             Covenanters
             ,
             except
             they
             have
             publiquely
             renounc'd
             ,
             or
             declar'd
             the
             Vnlawfulness
             of
             their
             Places
             .
          
           
             That
             the
             Ruling-Elders
             come
             from
             every
             Church
             in
             equal
             Number
             with
             the
             Ministers
             ,
             and
             if
             the
             Minister
             Oppose
             ,
             to
             put
             themselves
             in
             Possession
             ,
             notwithstanding
             any
             Opposition
             .
          
           
             That
             the
             Commissioner
             of
             the
             Shire
             cause
             Convene
             before
             him
             the
             Ruling-Elder
             of
             every
             Church
             ,
             Chosen
             before
             the
             day
             of
             
             the
             Election
             ,
             and
             enjoyn
             them
             upon
             their
             Othe
             ,
             that
             they
             give
             Vote
             to
             none
             ,
             but
             to
             those
             who
             are
             Nam'd
             already
             at
             the
             Meeting
             at
             Edinburgh
             .
          
           
             That
             where
             there
             is
             a
             Nobleman
             within
             the
             Bounds
             of
             the
             Presbytery
             ,
             He
             be
             Chosen
             :
             And
             where
             there
             is
             none
             ,
             there
             be
             Chosen
             a
             Baron
             ,
             or
             one
             of
             the
             Best
             Quality
             ,
             and
             he
             only
             a
             Covenanter
             .
          
           
             
               The
               King
               observes
               (
               Fol.
               315.
               )
               that
            
             This
             Assembly
             of
             Glasgow
             had
             not
             so
             much
             as
             the
             Face
             of
             an
             
               Ecclesiastical
               Meeting
            
             ;
             
             not
             a
             Gown
             worn
             by
             any
             Member
             of
             it
             ,
             unless
             it
             was
             by
             one
             or
             two
             Ministers
             that
             liv'd
             in
             the
             Town
             :
             The
             Appearance
             of
             it
             was
             in
             a
             manner
             ,
             wholly
             Laical
             .
             Among
             the
             Members
             of
             it
             ,
             were
             
               Seaven
               Earls
               ,
               Ten
               Lords
               ,
               Forty
               Gentlemen
               ,
               One
               and
               Fifty
               Burgesses
               ,
            
             many
             of
             them
             in
             Colour'd
             Cloths
             ,
             and
             Swords
             by
             their
             Sides
             ;
             all
             which
             did
             give
             Voyces
             ,
             not
             only
             in
             very
             high
             Points
             of
             Controversie
             ,
             but
             also
             in
             the
             Sentences
             of
             Excommunication
             pronounc'd
             against
             the
             Bishops
             ,
             and
             Others
             .
             Nay
             ,
             and
             all
             things
             in
             the
             Assembly
             carri'd
             by
             the
             Sway
             of
             these
             Lay-Elders
             ;
             Insomuch
             that
             it
             was
             a
             very
             rare
             thing
             to
             hear
             a
             Minister
             Speak
             there
             .
          
           
             
               Now
               let
               any
               man
               Judg
               whether
               this
               be
               a
            
             Church-Assembly
             ,
             
             
               or
               the
            
             Embryo
             
               of
               a
            
             Common-Wealth
             :
             A
             Conscientious
             Consultation
             
               for
               the
            
             Reforming
             of
             Religion
             ,
             
               or
               a
            
             Seditious
             Practice
             
               for
               the
            
             Embroiling
             
               of
               the
            
             State.
             
               How
               applicable
               is
               that
               Invective
               against
            
             Popery
             (
             
               in
               the
               Libel
               concerning
               the
               Growth
               of
               it
               )
               to
               the
               Case
               of
            
             Presbytery
             ?
             The
             Power
             of
             it
             is
             Absolute
             
             (
             
               says
               the
               Author
               of
               it
            
             )
             and
             the
             Decree
             is
             Infallible
             .
             It
             can
             change
             the
             very
             Nature
             of
             things
             ;
             making
             what
             is
             Iust
             ,
             to
             be
             Vnjust
             ,
             and
             what
             is
             Vice
             ,
             to
             be
             Virtue
             .
             All
             Laws
             are
             in
             the
             Cabinet
             of
             its
             Breast
             ,
             and
             it
             can
             dispose
             of
             Kingdoms
             ,
             and
             Empires
             as
             it
             pleases
             .
             It
             makes
             it
             a
             Mortal
             Sin
             even
             to
             doubt
             of
             any
             part
             of
             its
             Religion
             ;
             and
             demands
             ,
             under
             pain
             of
             Damnation
             ,
             the
             Subjection
             of
             all
             Christians
             to
             its
             Authority
             .
             That
             Word
             of
             Reformation
             misappli'd
             ,
             has
             serv'd
             it
             to
             justifie
             all
             the
             Executions
             ,
             Assassinations
             ,
             Wars
             ,
             Massacres
             ,
             and
             Devastations
             ,
             whereby
             the
             Discipline
             hath
             been
             Propagated
             .
             It
             is
             almost
             Vnconceivable
             how
             Princes
             can
             yet
             suffer
             a
             Power
             so
             Pernicious
             ,
             and
             Doctrine
             so
             Destructive
             to
             all
             Government
             .
             Their
             strict
             Othes
             ,
             and
             Vows
             of
             Obedience
             to
             the
             Presbytery
             Evacuate
             the
             Fealty
             due
             to
             the
             Sovereign
             .
          
           
             
               What
               difference
               now
               (
               more
               than
               in
               the
            
             Name
             )
             
               betwixt
               the
            
             Papal
             Tyranny
             ,
             
             
               as
               he
               has
               set
               it
               forth
               ,
               and
               the
            
             Presbyterial
             ,
             
               as
               it
               appears
               from
               their
               own
            
             Words
             ,
             and
             Deeds
             ?
             What
             Power
             
               can
               be
               more
            
             Absolute
             ,
             
               Or
               what
            
             Decrees
             more
             Infallible
             ,
             
               than
               That
               of
               the
            
             Presbytery
             ;
             
               Which
               challenges
            
             Obedience
             
               to
               all
               its
               Dictates
               ,
               both
               from
            
             Prince
             ,
             and
             People
             ,
             
               under
               pain
               of
            
             Life
             ,
             Liberty
             ,
             Dominion
             ,
             and
             Estate
             ?
             
               It
               Over-rules
            
             Laws
             ;
             
               sets
               up
            
             Othes
             of
             Treason
             against
             Othes
             of
             Allegiance
             ;
             
               and
               covers
               the
               Crime
               of
            
             Rebellion
             
               with
               the
               Title
               of
            
             Virtue
             .
             
               It
               takes
               upon
               it self
               the
               Office
               of
            
             Christ
             Vicar
             ;
             Deposes
             Kings
             ;
             
               and
               under
               the
               Masque
               of
            
             Religion
             ,
             
               dissolves
               the
            
             Order
             ,
             and
             Authority
             
               of
               all
               Governments
            
             .
             The
             King
             in
             his
             Declaration
             before-Mention'd
             ,
             (
             Fol.
             404.
             )
             among
             other
             of
             their
             Vnchristian
             Extravagances
             ,
             takes
             Notice
             of
             their
             Refusal
             to
             Pray
             for
             Sir
             
               William
               Nesbett
            
             upon
             his
             Death-bed
             ,
             
             because
             he
             had
             not
             Subscrib'd
             the
             Covenant
             ;
             and
             that
             they
             did
             Formally
             bar
             non-Covenanters
             from
             the
             Communion
             ,
             in
             Express
             terms
             with
             Blasphemers
             ,
             and
             Adulterers
             ;
             refusing
             Baptism
             in
             the
             Churches
             of
             Ministers
             that
             had
             not
             taken
             the
             Covenant
             ,
             even
             to
             Children
             that
             were
             born
             in
             the
             same
             Parish
             .
          
           
             The
             
               Unchristian
               Rigour
            
             of
             this
             Discipline
             is
             such
             (
             says
             the
             Authour
             of
             
               Toleration
               Discuss'd
            
             ,
             Pag.
             334.
             )
             that
             
               It
               Crucifies
               weak
            
             Consciences
             with
             Needless
             ,
             Infinite
             ,
             and
             Incurable
             Scruples
             ,
             that
             Haunt
             ,
             Dog
             ,
             and
             Torment
             us
             in
             the
             most
             Necessary
             ,
             and
             Ordinary
             Actions
             of
             Humane
             Life
             :
             At
             the
             Church
             ,
             at
             the
             Table
             ,
             at
             the
             Market
             ,
             at
             Home
             ,
             and
             Abroad
             :
             At
             all
             Times
             ,
             in
             all
             Places
             ,
             and
             upon
             all
             Occasions
             ;
             in
             our
             Thoughts
             ,
             Words
             ,
             and
             Deeds
             .
          
           
             As
             to
             
               Excess
               in
               Eating
            
             ;
             
             It
             is
             Censurable
             either
             in
             the
             Quantity
             ,
             or
             in
             the
             Quality
             .
             So
             that
             in
             the
             first
             place
             the
             Eldership
             is
             to
             provide
             one
             Common
             Gage
             for
             the
             Stomachs
             of
             the
             Whole
             Parish
             ,
             for
             fear
             of
             a
             Mouthful
             too
             much
             .
             And
             in
             the
             second
             Place
             ,
             It
             is
             made
             a
             matter
             of
             Salvation
             ,
             or
             Damnation
             ,
             whether
             a
             man
             Eat
             's
             Beef
             ,
             or
             Venison
             .
          
           
             And
             so
             for
             Excess
             in
             APPAREL
             ,
             
             one
             Inch
             more
             than
             to
             cover
             your
             Shame
             is
             a
             Superfluity
             ;
             and
             One
             Peny
             more
             in
             the
             Pound
             than
             the
             Allowance
             of
             the
             Presbytery
             ,
             is
             made
             as
             much
             a
             mans
             Soul
             is
             Worth.
             
          
           
             It
             is
             the
             same
             thing
             for
             
               VAIN
               WORDS
            
             .
             
             A
             Nurse
             shall
             not
             dare
             to
             still
             her
             Child
             but
             with
             a
             Psalm
             ;
             and
             you
             must
             not
             presume
             so
             much
             as
             to
             ask
             
               What
               a
               Clock
               it
               is
            
             ,
             without
             a
             Text
             to
             prove
             that
             the
             Question
             tends
             to
             Edification
             .
          
           
             Nay
             they
             have
             drawn
             CHIDING
             
             within
             the
             
             Compass
             of
             
               Ecclesiastical
               Censure
            
             .
             So
             that
             Malters
             shall
             not
             reprove
             their
             Servants
             ,
             nor
             Parents
             their
             Children
             ,
             without
             Leave
             of
             the
             Eldership
             .
             And
             they
             have
             taken
             in
             BRAWLING
             too
             ;
             and
             made
             every
             
               Billingsgate
               Quarrel
            
             a
             Subject
             of
             
               Consistorial
               Cognizance
            
             .
          
           
             Vnder
             
               LEWD
               CUSTOMES
            
             are
             Censur'd
             all
             sorts
             of
             
               Publique
               Sports
            
             ,
             
             Exercises
             ,
             and
             Recreations
             that
             have
             been
             long
             in
             Vse
             ,
             as
             having
             their
             Original
             from
             the
             Times
             of
             Paganism
             ,
             or
             Popery
             ;
             As
             
               Comedies
               ,
               Interludes
               ,
               Wrastlings
               ,
               Foot-Ball-Play
               ,
               May-Games
               ,
               Whitson-Ales
               ,
               Morrice-Dance
               ,
               Bear-Bating
               ,
            
             &c.
             
             All
             GAMES
             that
             bring
             Loss
             ,
             are
             also
             Prohibited
             ;
             as
             
               Tennis
               ,
               Bowls
               ,
               Billyards
            
             ,
             &c.
             
             And
             so
             are
             
               UNCOMELY
               GESTURES
            
             ;
             So
             that
             a
             man
             may
             be
             given
             to
             the
             Devil
             for
             Lolling
             upon
             his
             Elbow
             ,
             or
             Sitting
             upon
             his
             Back-side
             before
             the
             Deacon
             of
             the
             Parish
             .
             Nay
             ,
             our
             very
             THOUGHTS
             are
             Censurable
             ,
             and
             't
             is
             enough
             to
             be
             suspected
             .
             He
             that
             sues
             to
             recover
             a
             Debt
             shall
             be
             suspected
             of
             Avarice
             ;
             and
             he
             that
             refuses
             to
             Crouch
             like
             the
             Ass
             under
             the
             Burthen
             ,
             shall
             be
             suspected
             of
             Pride
             .
          
           
             To
             pass
             now
             from
             their
             Rigours
             ,
             
             to
             their
             Scruples
             ;
             There
             goes
             a
             Story
             of
             some
             of
             them
             that
             made
             it
             a
             Matter
             of
             Religion
             ,
             to
             
               Piss
               a
               Bed
            
             ,
             and
             
               Ride
               Hobby-Horses
            
             ,
             because
             it
             is
             said
             ,
             
               Except
               you
               become
               as
               little
               Children
               ,
               you
               shall
               not
               enter
               into
               the
               Kingdom
               of
               Heaven
               .
            
             But
             Bancroft
             (
             in
             his
             
               Holy
               Discipline
               ,
               Pag.
               368.
               )
               tell
               you
               of
               those
               that
               made
            
             Hawking
             ,
             and
             Hunting
             ,
             and
             Womens
             laying
             out
             of
             Hair
             ,
             
               to
               be
               Cases
               of
               Conscience
            
             ;
             and
             Walker
             consults
             Field
             particularly
             ,
             whether
             it
             be
             in
             any
             respect
             Tolerable
             for
             Women
             that
             profess
             Religion
             ,
             and
             the
             Reformation
             ,
             
             to
             wear
             
               Doublets
               ,
               Little
               Hats
               with
               Feathers
               ;
               Great
               Gowns
               after
               the
               French
               ,
               and
               Outlandish
               Fashion
               ;
               Great
               Ruffs
               ,
               and
               Hair
               ,
               either
               Curl'd
               or
               Frizl'd
               ,
               or
               set
               out
               upon
               Wyres
               ,
            
             &c.
             
             And
             Cholmlye
             
               desires
               to
               be
               resolv'd
            
             whether
             the
             strict
             Prohibition
             of
             not
             Kindling
             of
             fire
             on
             the
             Sabboth
             be
             of
             the
             substance
             of
             the
             
               Moral
               Precept
            
             .
          
           
             Among
             all
             these
             Scruples
             I
             find
             no
             Difficulty
             made
             in
             the
             Cases
             of
             
               Dethroning
               Kings
               ;
               Demolishing
               Churches
               ;
               Killing
               ,
               and
               taking
               Possession
               ,
               &c.
            
             But
             to
             conclude
             ,
             with
             the
             Treatise
             aforesaid
             ;
          
           
             From
             the
             
               Triple-Crown'd
               Consistory
            
             ;
             that
             Lords
             it
             over
             
               Souls
               ,
               Bodies
            
             ,
             and
             Estates
             ;
             over
             
               Kings
               ,
               Nobles
            
             ,
             and
             Commons
             ;
             over
             
               Laws
               ,
               Magistrates
            
             ,
             and
             all
             Sorts
             ,
             and
             Ranks
             of
             Men
             ,
             and
             Interests
             ;
             That
             Turns
             Gospel
             into
             
               Law
               ;
               Communities
            
             into
             
               Deserts
               ;
               Men
            
             into
             Beasts
             ;
          
           
             Good
             LORD
             DELIVER
             VS
             .
          
           
             THE
             END
             .
          
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A47866-e130
           
             Covenanting
             is
             the
             Method
             of
             the
             Party
             .
          
           
             Al
             Leagues
             without
             Authority
             are
             Seditious
             .
          
           
             The
             Pretended
             Ends
             of
             the
             Covenant
             .
          
           
             The
             steps
             by
             which
             the
             Holy
             Discipline
             Advanc'd
             into
             a
             Direct
             Rebellion
             .
          
           
             They
             persecuted
             the
             Queen
             Regent
             into
             her
             Grave
             .
          
           
             The
             Daughter
             had
             no
             better
             Quarter
             than
             the
             Mother
             .
          
           
             They
             treatted
             King
             James
             as
             ill
             as
             they
             had
             done
             his
             Mother
             .
          
           
             The
             Conspiracy
             under
             Queen
             Elizabeth
             was
             nipp'd
             in
             the
             Bud.
             
          
           
             The
             Scotch
             Rebellion
             of
             1637.
             
          
           
             The
             Rise
             ,
             Method
             ,
             and
             Progress
             of
             it
             .
          
           
             They
             Levy
             Arms
             against
             the
             King
             for
             the
             Glory
             of
             God.
             
          
           
             The
             Practises
             of
             the
             Scotch
             ,
             and
             English
             compar'd
             .
          
           
             The
             Usurpations
             of
             the
             Two
             Houses
             .
          
           
             The
             Rigours
             of
             the
             Covenant
             .
          
           
             The
             Kirk
             Betray'd
             ,
             and
             Sold
             the
             King
             in
             his
             Distress
             .
          
           
             Lowdon's
             Second
             Speech
             at
             a
             Conference
             ,
             Oct.
             6.
             1646.
             
          
           
             Answer
             to
             the
             Vote
             of
             Sept.
             24.
             1646.
             
          
           
             Lowdon's
             Speech
             to
             his
             Majesty
             .
             1646.
             
          
           
             The
             Covenanters
             Barbarous
             Propositions
             to
             his
             Late
             Majesty
             .
          
           
             The
             
               Two
               Houses
            
             as
             bad
             as
             the
             Scotch
             .
          
           
             It
             was
             the
             Faction
             of
             Scotland
             ,
             not
             the
             Nation
             ,
             that
             Ruin'd
             the
             King.
             
          
           
             Their
             dealing
             with
             the
             King
             at
             Holdenby
             .
          
           
             Their
             Rigour
             at
             the
             Isle
             of
             Wight
             ;
             and
             the
             Horrid
             Murther
             of
             Montross
             .
          
           
             The
             Covenanters
             Iustifie
             the
             Murther
             of
             the
             Late
             King
             ,
             upon
             the
             Restauration
             of
             This.
             
          
           
             Presbytery
             is
             Inconsistent
             with
             any
             other
             Government
             ▪
             
          
           
             The
             Presbyterians
             Will
             is
             their
             Law
          
           
             The
             Tyranny
             of
             the
             Pretendea
             Parliament
             in
             1641.
             
          
           
             The
             Tyranny
             Cruelty
             ,
             and
             Profaneness
             
               of
               the
            
             English
             Covenanters
             .
          
           
             They
             Disposed
             of
             our
             Estates
             ,
             and
             Persons
             ,
             at
             Pleasure
             .
          
           
             Their
             Scandalous
             and
             Uncharitable
             Censures
             .
          
           
             The
             Scottish
             General
             Table
             
               was
               the
               Pattern
               of
               the
            
             English
             Close
             Committee
             .
          
           
             Their
             Private
             Instructions
             .
          
           
             The
             Medly
             of
             their
             Assembly
             .
          
           
             The
             General
             Assembly
             is
             but
             the
             Embryo
             of
             a
             Common-wealth
             .
          
           
             Presbyterial
             Tyranny
             .
          
           
             Excess
             in
             Eating
             Censurable
             .
          
           
             In
             Apparel
             .
          
           
             Vain
             Words
             
          
           
             Chiding
             .
          
           
             Lewd
             Customes
             .
          
           
             Rediculous
             Scruples
             .