An appendix to the late answer printed by His Majesties command, or, Some seasonable animadversions upon the late observator and his seaven anti-monarchicall assertions with a vindication of the King and some observations upon the two houses.
         Parker, Henry, 1604-1652.
      
       
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             An appendix to the late answer printed by His Majesties command, or, Some seasonable animadversions upon the late observator and his seaven anti-monarchicall assertions with a vindication of the King and some observations upon the two houses.
             Parker, Henry, 1604-1652.
          
           22, [i.e 21] p.
           
             [s.n.],
             [London] :
             1642.
          
           
             Reproduction of the original in the Bodleian Library.
             With: Animadversions upon those notes which the late observator hath published upon the seven doctrines and positions which the King, by way of recapitulation (he saith) lays open so offensive p. 13 [i.e. 12]-22 [i.e.21]
          
        
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           Great Britain -- History -- Charles I, 1625-1649.
        
      
    
       A56168  R30081  (Wing P397).  civilwar no An appendix to the late answer printed by His Majesties command, or, Some seasonable animadversions upon the late observator and his seaven [no entry] 1642    10083 4 0 0 0 0 0 4 B  The  rate of 4 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the B category of texts with fewer than 10 defects per 10,000 words. 
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           AN
           APPENDIX
           TO
           THE
           LATE
           ANSWER
           ,
           Printed
           by
           His
           Majesties
           COMMAND
           :
           OR
           ,
           Some
           seasonable
           ANIMADVERSIONS
           upon
           the
           late
           
             Observator
             ,
          
           and
           his
           seaven
           Anti-monarchicall
           
             ASSERTIONS
             .
          
           TOGETHER
           With
           a
           VINDICATION
           of
           the
           KING
           ,
           And
           some
           OBSERVATIONS
           upon
           the
           TWO
           HOUSES
           .
        
         
           Printed
           
             Anno
             Dom.
          
           1642.
           
        
      
    
     
       
       
         
           Seasonable
           ANIMADVERSIONS
           upon
           the
           late
           
             Observator
             ,
          
           and
           his
           seaven
           
             Anti-monarchicall
          
           ASSERTIONS
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           usuall
           (
           I
           know
           )
           for
           Books
           to
           have
           Prefaces
           ,
           and
           Playes
           Prologues
           ;
           but
           whosoever
           peruseth
           this
           ,
           must
           expect
           nothing
           but
           concise
           reasons
           ;
           forasmuch
           as
           
             Vnusq●isque
             suo
             sensu
             abundat
             ,
          
           so
           let
           him
           reflect
           and
           censure
           of
           this
           at
           his
           pleasure
           .
        
         
           The
           Observator
           ,
           pag.
           1.
           saith
           ,
           
             That
             power
             is
             originally
             inherent
             in
             the
             people
             ,
             &c.
             
          
        
         
           To
           this
           the
           answer
           is
           ,
           that
           power
           is
           in
           God
           
             primariò
             &
             per
             se
             ,
          
           according
           to
           that
           of
           the
           Apostle
           ;
           
             Rom.
          
           13.
           and
           in
           the
           King
           or
           people
           ,
           but
           onely
           
             secundariò
             &
             derivativè
          
           :
           Power
           or
           Dominion
           is
           not
           a
           gift
           of
           Nature
           ,
           that
           is
           to
           say
           ,
           naturally
           inherent
           in
           us
           ;
           for
           if
           it
           were
           ,
           then
           might
           all
           men
           have
           equall
           power
           ,
           for
           that
           by
           nature
           we
           are
           all
           equall
           ;
           but
           power
           is
           a
           gift
           of
           God
           to
           Nature
           ,
           and
           is
           
             gratia
             gratis
             data
          
           ;
           and
           yet
           power
           is
           congruous
           in
           nature
           ,
           as
           was
           the
           power
           of
           King
           ,
           and
           office
           of
           Priesthood
           in
           
             Melchisedec
          
           :
           for
           surely
           he
           had
           them
           both
           given
           ,
           or
           appointed
           to
           him
           by
           God
           ,
           being
           by
           interpretation
           
             King
             of
             Righteousnesse
             ,
             and
             King
             of
             Peace
             ,
             Heb.
          
           2.7
           .
           And
           therefore
           it
           is
           not
           likely
           that
           he
           usurped
           to
           himselfe
           the
           Regall
           title
           of
           King
           ,
           no
           more
           then
           he
           did
           of
           being
           Priest
           ;
           and
           yet
           it
           was
           very
           probable
           that
           it
           was
           also
           agreeable
           in
           Reason
           and
           Nature
           ,
           and
           although
           not
           tyrannicall
           ,
           yet
           peaceable
           Kingly
           reigne
           ,
           and
           sacred
           Priesthood
           did
           fitly
           belong
           to
           him
           :
           
           for
           he
           is
           by
           most
           Divines
           thought
           to
           have
           been
           
             Sem
             ,
          
           the
           eldest
           sonne
           of
           
             Noah
          
           ;
           and
           by
           the
           law
           of
           Nature
           ,
           of
           
             Moses
             ,
          
           and
           of
           most
           Nations
           ,
           the
           eldest
           is
           to
           inherit
           ;
           so
           that
           what
           was
           the
           right
           of
           
             Adam
             ,
             Seth
             ,
          
           and
           
             Noah
             ,
          
           might
           belong
           unto
           him
           by
           birth-right
           ,
           although
           it
           may
           be
           God
           confirmed
           it
           unto
           him
           extraordinarily
           .
           But
           to
           returne
           ,
           power
           and
           dominion
           is
           derived
           from
           God
           ,
           and
           congruous
           in
           Nature
           :
           but
           the
           power
           is
           in
           the
           people
           onely
           ,
           when
           they
           are
           absolutely
           free
           to
           chuse
           to
           themselves
           what
           forme
           of
           government
           they
           please
           ,
           as
           were
           the
           Jewes
           before
           they
           subjected
           themselves
           to
           Kings
           ,
           being
           formerly
           freed
           from
           the
           bondage
           of
           Egypt
           by
           the
           finger
           of
           God
           .
           The
           
             Romanes
          
           when
           they
           erected
           their
           Senate
           
           and
           Consuls
           ,
           having
           rebelliously
           (
           for
           it
           was
           no
           better
           )
           shaken
           off
           the
           yoke
           of
           Kings
           .
           The
           
             Venetians
             ,
          
           when
           they
           first
           instituted
           their
           Common-wealth
           .
           But
           in
           Monarchies
           ,
           where
           the
           people
           have
           been
           brought
           into
           subjection
           ,
           either
           by
           the
           sword
           ,
           as
           in
           
             Turky
             ,
             Persia
             ,
          
           and
           the
           like
           ;
           or
           by
           innate
           ,
           and
           prescribing
           ,
           and
           prevalent
           authority
           ,
           as
           in
           
             Florence
          
           ;
           or
           by
           both
           ,
           as
           in
           
             France
          
           and
           
             Castile
          
           ;
           in
           these
           Dominions
           power
           is
           not
           inherent
           in
           the
           people
           ,
           but
           in
           the
           Prince
           .
           And
           although
           some
           hereditary
           Monarches
           are
           more
           limited
           then
           others
           ,
           as
           is
           the
           King
           of
           
             France
          
           more
           then
           the
           great
           
             Turke
             ,
          
           and
           the
           King
           of
           
             England
          
           more
           then
           the
           King
           of
           
             France
          
           :
           yet
           is
           their
           power
           derived
           immediately
           from
           God
           ,
           and
           inherent
           in
           themselves
           ,
           not
           in
           the
           people
           :
           for
           those
           limitations
           are
           (
           in
           conquered
           Nations
           )
           but
           mere
           donatives
           of
           grace
           ,
           proceeding
           from
           the
           Prince
           or
           his
           Successors
           to
           the
           people
           ,
           touching
           certaine
           immunities
           and
           priviledges
           ;
           so
           that
           the
           Prince
           his
           power
           is
           the
           efficient
           cause
           of
           them
           ,
           and
           such
           immunities
           or
           priviledges
           are
           but
           as
           materiall
           effects
           .
           Now
           as
           it
           is
           most
           improper
           to
           say
           ,
           that
           the
           effect
           should
           cause
           his
           owne
           cause
           ,
           so
           is
           it
           to
           say
           ,
           that
           a
           priviledged
           people
           should
           cause
           the
           Princes
           power
           ,
           or
           that
           
             Power
             should
             remaine
             originally
             in
             such
             a
             priviledged
             people
             .
          
        
         
           Some
           Nations
           elect
           their
           Kings
           ,
           or
           Princes
           ,
           and
           restraine
           them
           far
           more
           by
           conditionall
           inaugurations
           ,
           then
           hereditary
           Monarches
           are
           ,
           or
           ought
           to
           be
           restrained
           or
           limited
           :
           Yet
           have
           not
           such
           Nations
           power
           in
           themselves
           totally
           ,
           but
           onely
           partially
           ;
           that
           is
           ,
           they
           have
           power
           to
           conditionate
           with
           their
           Kings
           or
           Princes
           ,
           how
           farre
           forth
           they
           will
           be
           subject
           ,
           and
           by
           what
           Rules
           they
           will
           be
           governed
           ;
           but
           they
           have
           not
           power
           to
           conditionate
           with
           their
           Kings
           or
           Princes
           ,
           that
           they
           will
           only
           be
           subject
           at
           their
           owne
           pleasures
           ,
           and
           as
           themselves
           shall
           thinke
           good
           ;
           that
           is
           to
           say
           ,
           if
           they
           please
           at
           any
           time
           to
           assume
           more
           liberty
           unto
           themselves
           ,
           and
           to
           alter
           and
           disanull
           former
           Constitutions
           of
           Government
           ,
           that
           they
           may
           do
           it
           without
           the
           consent
           of
           their
           Kings
           or
           Princes
           .
           This
           they
           cannot
           doe
           without
           treason
           to
           their
           Crownes
           or
           Diadems
           :
           For
           although
           the
           persons
           of
           such
           Princes
           be
           elective
           ,
           yet
           is
           their
           power
           permanent
           ,
           
             jure
             constituto
             Coronae
          
           ;
           which
           though
           they
           claime
           not
           as
           from
           progenitors
           ,
           yet
           are
           they
           invested
           therewith
           as
           from
           Predecessors
           .
           And
           therefore
           being
           enthroned
           ,
           they
           enjoy
           their
           dignities
           by
           prescription
           ;
           that
           is
           to
           say
           ,
           what
           belonged
           to
           their
           Predecessors
           ;
           belongeth
           in
           the
           same
           manner
           to
           them
           ,
           being
           once
           invested
           ;
           nor
           can
           such
           Nations
           revolt
           from
           their
           elected
           Princes
           ,
           without
           being
           reputed
           Rebels
           .
        
         
         
           Now
           of
           this
           nature
           are
           the
           Kings
           of
           
             Poland
             ,
             Hungary
             ,
          
           and
           some
           other
           (
           to
           speake
           nothing
           of
           the
           Duke
           of
           
             Venice
             ,
          
           for
           he
           is
           meerly
           titulary
           ,
           and
           a
           cypher
           )
           and
           such
           Kings
           first
           and
           principally
           claime
           their
           authority
           from
           God
           the
           author
           of
           all
           power
           ,
           who
           enspheareth
           them
           in
           the
           Orbe
           of
           dignity
           above
           others
           .
        
         
           And
           secondly
           ,
           they
           acknowledge
           it
           from
           the
           generall
           consent
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           which
           made
           choyce
           of
           them
           ,
           and
           over
           which
           they
           rule
           .
           And
           surely
           such
           was
           the
           right
           and
           title
           of
           
             Saul
             ,
          
           the
           first
           King
           of
           Israel
           :
           for
           he
           was
           appointed
           by
           God
           ,
           1
           
             Sam.
          
           9.17
           .
           then
           anointed
           by
           
             Samuel
             ,
          
           Chap.
           10.
           v.
           1.
           afterwards
           approved
           by
           the
           people
           ,
           
             ibid.
          
           vers.
           24.
           
           And
           finally
           ,
           confirmed
           in
           his
           Kingdome
           ,
           Chap.
           11.
           vers.
           14.
           
           And
           in
           the
           same
           manner
           was
           
             David
          
           likewise
           established
           in
           his
           Kingdome
           ;
           so
           that
           their
           first
           and
           chiefe
           claime
           was
           immediately
           from
           God
           ,
           and
           their
           second
           from
           the
           consent
           of
           the
           people
           .
           Nor
           is
           it
           of
           any
           consequence
           to
           alleadge
           ,
           as
           the
           Observator
           seemeth
           to
           inferre
           ,
           
             pag.
          
           1.
           that
           those
           Kings
           had
           an
           extraordinary
           Institution
           from
           God
           ;
           and
           therefore
           they
           might
           more
           lawfully
           claime
           their
           right
           ,
           as
           appointed
           and
           appropriated
           to
           them
           by
           God
           .
           For
           to
           such
           Allegation
           it
           will
           be
           answered
           ,
           That
           
             there
             is
             no
             power
             but
             of
             God
             ,
             Rom.
          
           13.
           
           So
           that
           whether
           God
           institute
           Kings
           by
           extraordinary
           ,
           or
           ordinary
           meanes
           ,
           it
           maketh
           no
           matter
           .
           For
           although
           
             Saul
          
           and
           
             David
          
           were
           instituted
           extraordinarily
           by
           Gods
           speciall
           appointment
           ;
           yet
           most
           of
           the
           Kings
           of
           Judah
           and
           Israel
           reigned
           afterthem
           but
           by
           ordinary
           succession
           ;
           had
           they
           not
           therefore
           the
           same
           power
           that
           
             Saul
          
           and
           
             David
          
           had
           ?
           Surely
           the
           Scriptures
           tell
           us
           they
           had
           .
           The
           Priests
           and
           Prophets
           in
           the
           old
           Law
           had
           an
           extraordinary
           vocation
           ,
           especially
           the
           Prophets
           :
           the
           Priests
           or
           Ministers
           of
           the
           Gospell
           have
           but
           an
           ordinary
           vocation
           ,
           are
           they
           therefore
           defective
           in
           power
           to
           those
           of
           the
           old
           Law
           ?
           or
           have
           they
           not
           their
           vocation
           from
           God
           ,
           because
           they
           have
           not
           extraordinary
           calling
           ?
           Surely
           no
           .
           For
           how
           could
           Sacraments
           be
           administred
           ,
           and
           the
           word
           preached
           ?
           So
           is
           it
           with
           Monarchs
           :
           For
           though
           they
           have
           but
           ordinary
           succession
           ;
           yet
           is
           their
           power
           immediately
           from
           God
           .
           Our
           Soveraigne
           is
           a
           free
           (
           though
           in
           some
           things
           a
           limited
           )
           Monarch
           ,
           and
           derived
           therefore
           his
           power
           immediately
           (
           not
           mediately
           ,
           as
           do
           other
           inferiour
           Ministers
           of
           justice
           )
           from
           God
           .
           And
           as
           touching
           limitations
           and
           priviledges
           ,
           they
           are
           nothing
           else
           (
           as
           is
           aforesaid
           )
           but
           acts
           of
           grace
           conferred
           on
           this
           Nation
           by
           His
           Majesties
           predecessours
           in
           severall
           ages
           ,
           and
           at
           severall
           times
           ,
           and
           some
           of
           them
           lately
           by
           His
           Majesty
           himselfe
           ,
           as
           the
           continuation
           of
           this
           present
           Parliament
           ,
           the
           abolishing
           of
           the
           Starre-Chamber
           ,
           and
           
           High
           Commission
           censures
           ,
           and
           the
           like
           .
           But
           these
           priviledges
           ,
           and
           others
           granted
           to
           the
           subjects
           ,
           dis-invest
           the
           King
           of
           no
           primary
           ,
           or
           Birth-right-royalty
           ,
           but
           onely
           oblige
           him
           in
           honour
           to
           observe
           them
           as
           covenants
           .
           A
           Lord
           purchaseth
           a
           Mannor
           for
           himselfe
           and
           his
           Heires
           for
           ever
           ;
           his
           sonne
           and
           successors
           grant
           certaine
           Franchises
           to
           the
           tenants
           ,
           and
           oblige
           their
           heires
           for
           ever
           to
           performe
           them
           :
           so
           the
           tenants
           live-in
           a
           more
           free
           state
           and
           condition
           ,
           then
           they
           did
           in
           the
           first
           purchasers
           dayes
           ;
           and
           paying
           their
           rents
           ,
           and
           performing
           their
           services
           ,
           they
           are
           not
           altogether
           subject
           to
           be
           turned
           out
           at
           the
           pleasure
           (
           or
           rather
           displeasure
           )
           of
           the
           Lord
           ;
           but
           doth
           this
           Franchisement
           or
           freedome
           of
           theirs
           ,
           cause
           the
           Lord
           to
           derive
           his
           right
           or
           title
           from
           his
           tenants
           ?
           Law
           and
           experience
           tels
           us
           no
           .
           And
           this
           is
           our
           Soveraignes
           case
           ;
           The
           Conquerour
           by
           his
           sword
           ,
           or
           by
           deed
           of
           gift
           ,
           or
           rather
           indeed
           by
           both
           ,
           came
           in
           as
           a
           purchaser
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           of
           England
           ,
           for
           himselfe
           ,
           and
           his
           heires
           for
           ever
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           Law
           of
           conquest
           had
           power
           to
           have
           made
           greater
           alteration
           in
           the
           State
           then
           he
           did
           ,
           and
           to
           have
           induced
           what
           forme
           of
           government
           he
           had
           thought
           good
           ,
           even
           as
           the
           King
           of
           
             Spaine
          
           hath
           done
           in
           
             Navarre
             ,
          
           and
           the
           
             West
             Indies
          
           ;
           yet
           hee
           did
           not
           ,
           but
           onely
           imposed
           some
           hard
           things
           ,
           as
           the
           having
           of
           Lawes
           in
           the
           French
           tongue
           ,
           which
           the
           people
           generally
           understood
           not
           ,
           
             Cover-fue-bell
             ,
          
           and
           the
           like
           :
           his
           successours
           afterwards
           did
           immune
           ,
           and
           ease
           the
           people
           from
           such
           grievances
           ,
           so
           that
           they
           lived
           ,
           and
           live
           at
           more
           liberty
           ,
           and
           enjoy
           more
           securely
           their
           liberties
           and
           properties
           .
           But
           do
           therefore
           such
           immunities
           granted
           to
           the
           people
           ,
           cause
           the
           King
           to
           derive
           his
           power
           and
           right
           from
           the
           people
           ?
           The
           Lawes
           and
           customes
           of
           all
           Nations
           and
           Kingdomes
           that
           live
           under
           Monarchs
           ,
           tell
           us
           no
           .
           The
           ancient
           and
           present
           Monarchies
           of
           the
           world
           being
           sufficient
           witnesses
           thereof
           ,
           besides
           the
           
             Dictamen
          
           of
           Scripture
           ,
           and
           reason
           already
           inserted
           .
        
         
           The
           Observator
           ,
           
             pag.
          
           2.
           saith
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           an
           errour
           in
           some
           Princes
           ,
           
             to
             strive
             more
             to
             be
             great
          
           over
           
             their
             people
             ,
             then
          
           in
           
             their
             people
             .
          
           It
           may
           be
           some
           Princes
           have
           committed
           such
           an
           errour
           ;
           but
           withall
           let
           the
           Observator
           take
           notice
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           convenient
           for
           a
           free
           Prince
           to
           be
           both
           ;
           that
           is
           to
           say
           ,
           to
           have
           them
           wealthy
           ,
           and
           yet
           obedient
           Subjects
           :
           for
           if
           he
           be
           onely
           great
           
             in
          
           his
           people
           ,
           and
           not
           
             over
          
           them
           ,
           hee
           may
           resemble
           the
           now
           Roman
           ,
           or
           German
           Emperor
           ,
           or
           the
           ancient
           Kings
           of
           France
           ,
           the
           one
           whereof
           is
           daily
           in
           danger
           to
           be
           disinvested
           by
           commotion
           ,
           &
           combinations
           of
           his
           Princes
           ;
           the
           other
           were
           heretofore
           almost
           continually
           molested
           by
           factions
           of
           their
           Peeres
           and
           people
           :
           And
           sure
           the
           
           French
           themselves
           have
           greatly
           occasioned
           the
           heavie
           burthen
           of
           divers
           tributes
           and
           impositions
           which
           they
           undergoe
           :
           for
           they
           ever
           and
           anon
           rising
           in
           Armes
           against
           their
           King
           ,
           gave
           him
           occasion
           to
           enslave
           them
           the
           more
           by
           his
           reconquering
           of
           them
           ,
           or
           reducing
           them
           into
           his
           obedience
           ,
           so
           that
           had
           they
           subsisted
           in
           due
           allegiance
           ,
           't
           is
           likely
           their
           King
           had
           been
           as
           equally
           great
           
             over
          
           as
           
             in
          
           them
           ;
           which
           equality
           ,
           or
           parity
           in
           government
           ,
           is
           (
           no
           doubt
           )
           the
           most
           happy
           and
           blessed
           co-union
           that
           any
           Prince
           and
           people
           can
           enjoy
           .
        
         
           The
           Observator
           telleth
           us
           in
           the
           same
           page
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           ,
           though
           he
           be
           
             singulis
             major
             ,
          
           yet
           he
           is
           
             universis
             minor
             .
          
           But
           why
           so
           ?
           The
           Head
           Naturall
           is
           not
           only
           
             singulis
             ,
          
           but
           also
           
             universis
             membris
             majus
             dignitate
             ,
          
           (
           though
           it
           may
           ,
           't
           is
           not
           so
           
             in
             universis
             ,
          
           as
           shall
           be
           by
           and
           by
           declared
           )
           For
           the
           Head
           hath
           in
           it selfe
           all
           Senses
           ,
           other
           Members
           receive
           from
           it
           ,
           but
           Feeling
           only
           ,
           and
           Motion
           ;
           the
           head
           governeth
           and
           directeth
           the
           whole
           Body
           ,
           and
           is
           therfore
           in
           dignity
           more
           Noble
           then
           all
           the
           Members
           of
           the
           Body
           considered
           together
           :
           and
           yet
           though
           it
           be
           more
           noble
           and
           excellent
           then
           them
           all
           ;
           (
           for
           as
           much
           as
           Motion
           and
           Feeling
           dimane
           from
           the
           Braine
           ,
           which
           is
           in
           the
           head
           ,
           to
           them
           all
           )
           notwithstanding
           
             in
             universis
             ,
          
           in
           all
           things
           ,
           or
           faculties
           ,
           the
           head
           is
           not
           more
           excellent
           then
           all
           the
           members
           ;
           for
           the
           Heart
           is
           the
           seat
           of
           Life
           (
           according
           to
           most
           Philosophers
           )
           being
           
             primum
             vivens
             ,
             &
             ultimum
             moriens
             ,
          
           and
           from
           it
           proceedeth
           naturall
           heat
           ;
           the
           stomacke
           likewise
           administreth
           sustenance
           ,
           and
           aliment
           ;
           the
           Feet
           goe
           ,
           and
           the
           Hands
           worke
           ,
           and
           without
           them
           the
           head
           cannot
           subsist
           ,
           yet
           are
           they
           all
           subordinate
           to
           the
           Head
           :
           and
           even
           so
           is
           it
           ,
           or
           ought
           it
           to
           be
           in
           the
           body
           politicke
           ,
           unlesse
           we
           must
           beleeve
           the
           Observator
           ,
           who
           in
           his
           19.
           
           
             Page
          
           saith
           ,
           That
           
             the
             Head
             Politicall
             receives
             more
             subsistence
             from
             the
             Body
             then
             it
             gives
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           But
           by
           his
           leave
           ,
           if
           priviledges
           and
           Immunities
           are
           (
           as
           they
           are
           )
           matters
           of
           Grace
           ,
           proceeding
           from
           free
           Monarchs
           (
           for
           of
           such
           the
           Treatise
           is
           )
           to
           the
           people
           ,
           do
           not
           such
           Heads
           give
           as
           much
           subsistence
           to
           the
           body
           Politicke
           ,
           as
           they
           receive
           from
           it
           ?
           The
           Observator
           telleth
           us
           ,
           
             Pag
             ,
          
           6.
           
           That
           
             Edward
             the
             first
             was
             the
             first
          
           (
           whether
           he
           were
           ,
           or
           not
           ,
           it
           is
           not
           materiall
           )
           
             that
             repaired
             the
             Breaches
             which
             the
             Conquest
             had
             made
             upon
             this
             Nation
          
           ;
           if
           so
           ,
           did
           not
           hee
           ,
           by
           such
           his
           reparation
           ,
           give
           as
           much
           subsistence
           to
           the
           Common-wealth
           ,
           as
           he
           received
           from
           the
           Common-wealth
           ,
           or
           Body
           Politicke
           ?
           And
           do
           not
           his
           Successors
           give
           likewise
           as
           much
           as
           they
           receive
           ,
           when
           they
           conferre
           the
           like
           acts
           of
           Grace
           ?
           Surely
           ,
           hee
           that
           considereth
           rightly
           
             Magna
             Charta
             ,
          
           and
           all
           
           other
           Priviledges
           and
           Immunities
           ,
           which
           now
           extend
           to
           the
           free-borne
           people
           of
           this
           Kingdome
           ,
           will
           finde
           them
           first
           to
           have
           proceeded
           from
           the
           Grace
           and
           Grant
           of
           our
           Kings
           :
           and
           therefore
           it
           is
           improper
           to
           say
           ,
           That
           
             the
             Head
             Politick
             doth
             not
             give
             as
             much
             subsistence
             to
             the
             Body
             Politick
             ,
             as
             it
             receives
             from
             it
             .
          
        
         
           The
           Observator
           saith
           likewise
           in
           his
           second
           
             Page
             ,
          
           That
           
             id
             quod
             efficit
             tale
             ,
             est
             magis
             tale
          
           ;
           meaning
           thereby
           ,
           that
           the
           people
           conferring
           ,
           as
           the
           efficient
           cause
           ,
           Power
           on
           the
           King
           ,
           have
           joyntly
           more
           Power
           in
           themselves
           .
        
         
           It
           hath
           been
           shewed
           already
           ,
           that
           free
           Monarchs
           ,
           such
           as
           our
           King
           is
           ,
           derive
           not
           their
           power
           from
           the
           people
           ,
           but
           immediately
           from
           God
           :
           But
           suppose
           our
           King
           did
           secundarily
           acknowledge
           his
           power
           from
           this
           Nation
           's
           generall
           consent
           ;
           as
           it
           may
           be
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           
             Poland
          
           doth
           acknowledge
           his
           power
           in
           part
           from
           the
           Aristocracie
           of
           that
           Kingdome
           ;
           and
           as
           
             Saul
          
           and
           
             David
          
           did
           in
           part
           from
           the
           
             Jewes
          
           approbation
           and
           consent
           :
           notwithstanding
           ,
           it
           followes
           not
           from
           hence
           ,
           that
           the
           people
           are
           the
           sole
           efficient
           cause
           of
           the
           Kings
           power
           ,
           but
           onely
           the
           secundary
           and
           partiall
           .
           Now
           ,
           when
           it
           is
           said
           ,
           that
           
             id
             quod
             efficit
             tale
             ,
             est
             magis
             tale
             ,
          
           it
           is
           to
           be
           understood
           of
           entire
           and
           totall
           causes
           ;
           but
           in
           this
           case
           ,
           the
           people
           being
           at
           the
           most
           but
           the
           partiall
           cause
           of
           the
           Kings
           power
           ,
           the
           Axiome
           or
           Rule
           faileth
           :
           as
           for
           example
           ,
           the
           Moone
           being
           of
           her selfe
           a
           body
           darke
           ,
           receives
           her
           light
           (
           at
           least-wise
           her
           chiefest
           )
           from
           the
           Sunne
           ,
           as
           from
           an
           entire
           cause
           ;
           the
           Sunne
           is
           therefore
           truely
           said
           to
           be
           more
           light
           ,
           being
           the
           totall
           subordinate
           cause
           of
           light
           ;
           in
           this
           case
           therefore
           it
           is
           truely
           said
           ,
           
             id
             quod
             efficit
             tale
             ,
             est
             magis
             tale
             :
          
           but
           the
           Sunne
           ,
           
             mediante
             homine
             ,
             producit
             hominem
             ;
             &
             mediante
             Leone
             ,
             Leonem
             ;
             &
             mediante
             Plantâ
             Plantam
          
           ;
           for
           that
           the
           Sunne
           affordeth
           to
           all
           sensible
           and
           vegetable
           creatures
           an
           influx
           of
           vigour
           and
           naturall
           heat
           :
           yet
           for
           as
           much
           as
           the
           Sunne
           is
           ,
           in
           the
           production
           of
           these
           creatures
           ,
           but
           a
           partiall
           ,
           and
           not
           an
           integrall
           cause
           ,
           it
           were
           absurd
           to
           say
           ,
           that
           the
           Sunne
           were
           more
           a
           man
           ,
           then
           is
           a
           man
           ;
           or
           more
           a
           Lyon
           ,
           then
           is
           a
           Lyon
           ;
           or
           more
           a
           Plant
           ,
           then
           is
           a
           Plant
           :
           and
           so
           is
           it
           to
           say
           ,
           that
           because
           a
           King
           may
           acknowledge
           his
           power
           in
           part
           received
           from
           the
           peoples
           generall
           consent
           ,
           that
           therefore
           the
           people
           have
           more
           power
           then
           himselfe
           .
        
         
           The
           Observator
           telleth
           us
           ,
           
             Page
          
           3.
           
           That
           
             the
             Kings
             dignity
             was
             erected
             to
             preserve
             the
             Communalty
             ,
             the
             Communalty
             was
             not
             created
             for
             his
             service
             .
          
        
         
         
           This
           is
           somewhat
           too
           harsh
           ,
           especially
           if
           we
           consider
           our
           King
           to
           be
           ,
           
             in
             all
             Causes
             ,
             as
             well
             Ecclesiasticall
             as
             Civill
             ,
             next
             and
             immediately
             under
             Christ
             ,
             supreame
             Head
             and
             Governour
          
           :
           such
           words
           would
           have
           beene
           better
           accommodated
           to
           a
           Duke
           of
           
             Venice
             ,
          
           then
           to
           a
           King
           of
           
             England
             .
          
           The
           
             Jewes
             ,
          
           I
           beleeve
           ,
           when
           they
           asked
           a
           King
           at
           Gods
           hands
           ,
           were
           somewhat
           inclining
           to
           the
           Observators
           opinion
           ;
           for
           they
           desired
           a
           King
           for
           their
           owne
           ends
           ,
           chiefly
           to
           judge
           them
           ,
           and
           to
           fight
           their
           Battailes
           ;
           not
           well
           considering
           ,
           that
           if
           they
           had
           a
           King
           ,
           hee
           must
           and
           ought
           to
           have
           a
           Kingly
           Dominion
           over
           them
           :
           Wherefore
           God
           caused
           the
           Prophet
           
             Samuel
          
           to
           instruct
           them
           concerning
           the
           Praeeminence
           of
           a
           King
           ;
           and
           ,
           that
           if
           they
           would
           have
           a
           King
           ,
           a
           King
           would
           be
           such
           ,
           and
           such
           a
           man
           ,
           as
           is
           evidently
           characterized
           in
           the
           first
           of
           
             Samuel
             ,
             chap.
          
           8.
           where
           amongst
           other
           things
           ,
           
             vers.
          
           17.
           the
           Prophet
           saith
           ,
           
             He
             will
             take
             the
             Tenth
             of
             your
             Sheepe
             ,
             and
             yee
             shall
             be
             his
             servants
          
           :
           Where
           ,
           by
           the
           word
           
             will
             ,
          
           he
           sheweth
           the
           Authority
           which
           Kings
           would
           have
           ;
           and
           by
           the
           word
           
             shall
             ,
          
           hee
           sheweth
           the
           obedience
           that
           Subjects
           should
           have
           :
           nor
           did
           the
           Prophet
           speake
           of
           some
           ,
           or
           to
           some
           few
           onely
           ;
           but
           of
           all
           ,
           and
           to
           all
           the
           people
           ,
           (
           at
           least-wise
           to
           all
           the
           chiefest
           of
           them
           )
           saying
           ,
           
             Yee
             shall
             be
             his
             servants
             .
          
        
         
           I
           desire
           therefore
           that
           the
           Observator
           ,
           and
           all
           his
           other
           adherents
           ,
           would
           take
           more
           speciall
           notice
           of
           this
           Text
           of
           the
           Prophet
           ,
           and
           that
           of
           Saint
           
             Pauls
          
           confirmation
           of
           this
           Text
           ,
           
             Let
             every
             soule
             be
             subject
             to
             the
             higher
             Powers
             :
          
           For
           ,
           though
           Christian
           Monarches
           ought
           not
           ,
           by
           the
           Rules
           of
           Christianity
           ,
           to
           Tyrannize
           ,
           or
           make
           our
           Sonnes
           their
           Slaves
           ,
           or
           our
           Daughters
           their
           Concubines
           ,
           and
           the
           like
           ;
           as
           did
           many
           of
           the
           Kings
           of
           the
           
             Gentiles
             ,
          
           and
           some
           of
           the
           
             Jewes
          
           ;
           yet
           ought
           they
           not
           to
           be
           thought
           so
           contemptible
           ,
           as
           that
           the
           Communalty
           was
           no
           way
           created
           for
           their
           service
           .
        
         
           The
           Observator
           saith
           in
           the
           same
           Page
           ,
           
             That
             the
             right
             of
             Conquest
             cannot
             be
             pleaded
             to
             acquit
             Princes
             of
             that
             which
             is
             due
             to
             the
             people
             ,
             as
             the
             authors
             and
             ends
             of
             all
             Power
             ;
             for
             meere
             Force
             cannot
             alter
             the
             course
             of
             Nature
             ,
             and
             frustrate
             Law
             ;
             and
             if
             it
             could
             ,
             there
             were
             more
             reason
             why
             the
             people
             might
             justifie
             Force
             to
             re-gaine
             due
             liberty
             ,
             then
             the
             Prince
             might
             to
             subvert
             the
             same
             .
          
        
         
           By
           the
           Observators
           leave
           ,
           for
           his
           first
           Clause
           it
           is
           answered
           already
           ,
           That
           in
           Monarchies
           the
           people
           are
           not
           the
           authors
           or
           ends
           of
           Power
           .
           For
           the
           second
           Clause
           ,
           
             That
             meere
             Force
             cannot
             alter
             the
             course
             of
             Nature
             ,
             or
             frustrate
             the
             tenour
             of
             Law
          
           ;
           that
           is
           to
           say
           ,
           That
           
           meere
           Force
           cannot
           captivate
           and
           debase
           a
           people
           by
           nature
           free
           ,
           and
           living
           under
           a
           law
           of
           common
           consent
           .
           I
           suppose
           the
           words
           ,
           
             cannot
             alter
             ,
          
           should
           have
           beene
           ,
           
             cannot
             ,
             de
             jure
             ,
             alter
             ;
             or
             ought
             not
             to
             alter
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           For
           that
           force
           can
           alter
           ,
           and
           
             de
             facto
          
           hath
           altered
           the
           freedome
           and
           lawes
           of
           People
           and
           Nations
           ,
           is
           knowne
           to
           most
           men
           ;
           Histories
           and
           Chronicles
           testifying
           to
           the
           world
           the
           severall
           alterations
           and
           formes
           of
           Government
           which
           Conquerours
           have
           induced
           ;
           but
           whether
           they
           ought
           so
           to
           have
           done
           ,
           is
           a
           question
           .
           Yet
           should
           the
           Observator
           and
           his
           adherents
           take
           advice
           ,
           that
           though
           in
           Nature
           there
           is
           a
           parity
           of
           mankinde
           ,
           and
           therefore
           Dominion
           may
           not
           seeme
           to
           be
           intended
           by
           Nature
           ,
           yet
           God
           the
           author
           of
           Nature
           ,
           fore-seeing
           the
           fall
           of
           Man
           ,
           and
           the
           depravation
           in
           Nature
           ,
           which
           did
           ensue
           thereof
           intended
           power
           and
           dominion
           ,
           and
           that
           some
           should
           bee
           masters
           ,
           and
           others
           servants
           ;
           some
           command
           ,
           and
           others
           obey
           ;
           some
           should
           become
           slaves
           to
           Tyrants
           ,
           others
           subjects
           to
           free
           Monarches
           ;
           others
           members
           of
           popular
           Estates
           :
           and
           these
           things
           God
           hath
           ordained
           by
           his
           divine
           wisedome
           according
           to
           his
           will
           ,
           and
           disposes
           and
           alters
           them
           at
           his
           pleasure
           :
           
             But
             as
             for
             the
             pot
             ,
             it
             ought
             not
             to
             say
             to
             the
             Potter
             ,
             Why
             hast
             thou
             made
             me
             thus
             ?
          
           It
           is
           enough
           for
           it
           to
           know
           ,
           that
           there
           is
           no
           power
           but
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           so
           to
           be
           applyable
           to
           the
           use
           it
           was
           made
           for
           ;
           if
           for
           honour
           ,
           to
           honour
           ;
           if
           for
           servility
           ,
           to
           servility
           ;
           being
           subject
           
             for
             conscience
             sake
             :
             Rom.
          
           13.5
           .
        
         
           Of
           a
           strange
           nature
           therefore
           are
           those
           words
           ,
           viz.
           
             There
             were
             more
             reason
             why
             the
             people
             might
             justifie
             force
             ,
             to
             re-gaine
             due
             liberty
             ,
             then
             the
             Prince
             might
             to
             subvert
             the
             same
             .
          
           If
           this
           Doctrine
           had
           beene
           good
           ,
           our
           Saviour
           would
           surely
           have
           counselled
           the
           Jewes
           (
           when
           they
           asked
           him
           whether
           it
           were
           lawfull
           to
           give
           tribute
           to
           
             Caesar
          
           )
           to
           have
           kept
           their
           money
           in
           their
           purses
           ,
           or
           to
           have
           made
           up
           a
           stock
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           by
           force
           to
           have
           sought
           to
           re-gaine
           their
           due
           liberty
           from
           
             Caesar
             ,
          
           and
           not
           have
           bid
           them
           
             Give
             unto
             Caesar
             what
             is
             Caesar's
             .
          
           If
           it
           be
           alleadged
           ,
           that
           in
           case
           Christ
           had
           counselled
           the
           
             Jews
          
           so
           ,
           they
           would
           have
           played
           the
           
             Jews
          
           indeed
           ,
           and
           have
           accused
           him
           of
           high
           Treason
           :
           What
           then
           ?
           Would
           Christ
           have
           concealed
           ,
           or
           did
           he
           at
           any
           time
           conceale
           the
           truth
           for
           feare
           of
           the
           
             Jewes
          
           accusations
           ?
           When
           he
           was
           conjured
           to
           expresse
           whether
           or
           no
           he
           were
           the
           Sonne
           of
           God
           ,
           (
           a
           thing
           more
           hatefull
           to
           the
           
             Jewes
          
           eares
           ,
           then
           the
           denying
           of
           tribute
           could
           have
           beene
           to
           the
           eares
           of
           the
           
             Romans
          
           )
           Christ
           answered
           ,
           
             Thou
             hast
             said
             it
          
           ;
           which
           is
           as
           much
           as
           
             Yes
             .
          
           But
           
           suppose
           the
           
             Jewes
          
           would
           have
           accused
           him
           of
           high
           Treason
           ,
           in
           case
           he
           had
           denied
           tribute
           to
           
             Caesar
             ,
          
           and
           that
           God
           would
           not
           have
           such
           a
           vile
           imputation
           as
           Treason
           laid
           on
           the
           Redeemer
           of
           the
           World
           :
           Yet
           had
           re-gaining
           of
           due
           liberty
           by
           force
           beene
           lawfull
           ,
           Christ
           might
           have
           said
           ,
           
             Yee
             may
             give
             tribute
             to
             Caesar
             ,
          
           in
           the
           Potentiall
           Mood
           ,
           (
           in
           which
           words
           no
           exceptions
           could
           have
           beene
           taken
           )
           and
           not
           have
           said
           ,
           
             Give
             tribute
             to
             Caesar
             ,
          
           or
           
             Give
             unto
             Caesar
             what
             is
             Caesar's
             ,
          
           in
           the
           Imperative
           Mood
           .
           Or
           otherwise
           ,
           when
           they
           asked
           him
           ,
           
             Whether
             it
             were
             lawfull
             to
             pay
             tribute
             to
             Caesar
             ,
          
           he
           might
           onely
           have
           answered
           them
           ,
           
             Yes
          
           ;
           but
           fore-seeing
           in
           his
           divine
           wisedome
           ,
           that
           some
           indirect
           constructions
           might
           bee
           made
           of
           such
           a
           single
           word
           as
           
             Yes
             ,
          
           't
           is
           lawfull
           to
           pay
           it
           ,
           yee
           may
           pay
           it
           if
           yee
           please
           ,
           't
           is
           not
           against
           the
           law
           of
           God
           ,
           if
           yee
           doe
           pay
           it
           ,
           &c.
           therefore
           Christ
           bid
           them
           shew
           him
           a
           piece
           of
           money
           ,
           and
           bid
           them
           
             Give
             it
             unto
             Caesar
             ,
          
           informing
           the
           covetous
           mindes
           of
           that
           perverse
           people
           ,
           that
           they
           ought
           and
           were
           obliged
           to
           part
           with
           their
           money
           and
           substance
           to
           
             Caesar
             ,
          
           if
           demanded
           as
           a
           tribute
           .
           But
           to
           let
           Arguments
           of
           Divinity
           passe
           ,
           and
           to
           induce
           a
           few
           State
           reasons
           :
           
             If
             the
             people
             may
             justifie
             force
             to
             re-gaine
             due
             liberty
             ,
          
           what
           Monarchy
           ,
           what
           Aristocracy
           ,
           what
           Popular
           estate
           can
           remaine
           secure
           ?
           The
           
             French
          
           subjects
           being
           in
           generall
           oppressed
           with
           taxes
           ,
           may
           revolt
           from
           their
           King
           ,
           if
           this
           Tenet
           be
           good
           ;
           and
           so
           may
           the
           
             Spanish
          
           :
           The
           
             Polish
          
           Peasants
           may
           rebell
           against
           the
           King
           and
           their
           Lords
           ,
           for
           that
           they
           hold
           them
           in
           villinage
           :
           and
           the
           Townsmen
           and
           Boores
           in
           
             Holland
             ,
          
           and
           the
           Pisani
           in
           
             Venice
          
           against
           the
           States
           ,
           for
           their
           imposing
           on
           them
           terrible
           excizes
           .
           This
           Tenet
           ,
           or
           Position
           ,
           may
           quadrate
           ,
           it
           may
           be
           ,
           with
           the
           
             Irish
          
           Rebels
           ,
           (
           for
           they
           pretend
           by
           force
           to
           re-gaine
           due
           liberty
           )
           but
           never
           with
           loyall
           subjects
           .
           And
           surely
           this
           Tenet
           ,
           or
           Position
           afore-said
           ,
           is
           dangerous
           to
           all
           the
           Monarchies
           and
           States
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           yea
           ,
           even
           to
           Parliaments
           themselves
           ,
           if
           rightly
           considered
           ;
           and
           opposite
           also
           to
           the
           law
           of
           God
           and
           Nations
           .
        
         
           The
           Observator
           telleth
           us
           ,
           
             Page
          
           13.
           
           That
           
             where
             the
             people
             by
             publike
             authority
             will
             seeke
             an
             inconvenience
             to
             themselves
             ,
             and
             the
             King
             is
             not
             so
             much
             interested
             as
             themselves
             ,
             it
             is
             more
             inconvenience
             to
             deny
             it
             ,
             then
             grant
             it
             .
          
           This
           is
           a
           strange
           assertion
           ,
           and
           against
           all
           rule
           of
           Monarchicall
           Government
           .
           Suppose
           (
           for
           a
           supposition
           is
           no
           fallacie
           )
           that
           a
           Christian
           people
           should
           generally
           (
           which
           God
           forbid
           )
           desire
           to
           revolt
           from
           Christianity
           to
           Mahometanisme
           ;
           should
           their
           
           King
           grant
           it
           ?
           they
           seeme
           to
           be
           more
           interessed
           then
           the
           King
           ,
           because
           it
           concernes
           their
           salvation
           or
           damnation
           ;
           is
           it
           injustice
           therefore
           to
           deny
           it
           ?
           Surely
           no
           ;
           but
           most
           just
           and
           acceptable
           to
           God
           to
           hinder
           them
           from
           it
           .
           Suppose
           this
           Nation
           should
           in
           generall
           (
           which
           God
           of
           his
           goodnesse
           prohibit
           )
           desire
           to
           turne
           Anabaptists
           and
           Brownists
           ,
           whereof
           there
           are
           too
           many
           already
           ;
           is
           the
           King
           bound
           ,
           or
           ought
           he
           to
           condescend
           to
           their
           desires
           ?
           Surely
           no
           :
           but
           as
           Gods
           Vice-gerent
           ,
           to
           oppose
           such
           exorbitant
           inclinations
           of
           the
           people
           .
           But
           if
           the
           Assertion
           of
           the
           Observator
           be
           good
           ,
           
             Pilate
          
           seemes
           to
           be
           excuseable
           ,
           whom
           the
           Observator
           condemneth
           in
           the
           page
           before
           :
           for
           the
           
             Jewes
          
           sought
           by
           authority
           of
           the
           Priests
           and
           Elders
           to
           crucifie
           Christ
           ,
           (
           an
           inconvenience
           enough
           to
           themselves
           )
           and
           instanced
           a
           law
           ,
           and
           that
           
             by
             that
             law
             he
             ought
             to
             die
             ,
             Joh.
          
           19.7
           .
           and
           the
           
             Jewes
          
           were
           more
           interested
           in
           Christ
           ,
           (
           he
           being
           their
           Countrey-man
           ,
           and
           subject
           to
           their
           lawes
           ,
           as
           they
           conceived
           )
           ▪
           then
           was
           
             Pilate
          
           ;
           so
           that
           according
           to
           this
           Assertion
           of
           the
           Observator
           ,
           
             It
             was
             more
             inconvenience
             and
             injustice
             for
          
           Pilate
           
             to
             have
             denyed
             to
             the
             Jewes
          
           Christ
           
             to
             have
             beene
             crucified
             ,
             then
             to
             have
             granted
             it
             .
          
           Judica
           Deus
           .
        
         
           The
           Observator
           saith
           ,
           
             Page
          
           17.
           
           
             The
             name
             of
             a
             King
             is
             great
             ,
             I
             confesse
             ,
             and
             worthy
             of
             great
             honour
             ;
             but
             is
             not
             the
             name
             of
             a
             People
             greater
             ?
          
        
         
           The
           Observator
           must
           give
           me
           leave
           to
           tell
           him
           ,
           that
           in
           Monarchies
           ,
           where
           there
           were
           or
           are
           Kings
           ,
           the
           name
           of
           a
           people
           neither
           was
           ,
           nor
           is
           greater
           then
           the
           name
           of
           a
           King
           :
           
             Senatus
             populúsque
             Romanus
             ,
          
           ceased
           to
           be
           ,
           and
           gave
           place
           to
           the
           name
           of
           
             Caesar
             .
          
           The
           
             Ottoman
          
           name
           at
           this
           day
           ,
           dignifies
           that
           great
           Empire
           subject
           to
           that
           family
           ;
           and
           so
           doth
           the
           name
           of
           
             Sophy
          
           the
           Persian
           .
           The
           name
           of
           the
           House
           of
           
             Austria
          
           decorates
           their
           dominions
           ;
           and
           so
           doth
           that
           of
           
             Bourbon
             ,
          
           France
           :
           And
           I
           see
           no
           reason
           but
           why
           the
           name
           of
           
             Stewart
          
           should
           doe
           as
           much
           in
           England
           .
           If
           it
           be
           asked
           ,
           But
           what
           availeth
           the
           names
           of
           these
           great
           Monarches
           ,
           without
           their
           Kingdomes
           or
           Dominions
           ?
           The
           answer
           is
           ,
           That
           Dominions
           are
           to
           Monarches
           ,
           as
           it
           were
           ,
           materiall
           subjects
           ;
           themselves
           (
           from
           whom
           their
           names
           result
           )
           as
           Formes
           .
           Now
           as
           the
           Forme
           is
           more
           worthy
           then
           its
           Matter
           ,
           so
           is
           a
           free
           Monarch
           more
           worthy
           then
           his
           Empire
           ,
           in
           respect
           of
           dignity
           politicall
           .
        
         
           And
           indeed
           the
           word
           Monarch
           inferres
           as
           much
           ;
           for
           Monarchy
           is
           derived
           from
           
             Monarch
             ,
          
           not
           Monarch
           from
           Monarchy
           .
           But
           
           it
           may
           be
           some
           will
           instance
           from
           hence
           ,
           that
           if
           it
           be
           so
           ,
           the
           good
           of
           a
           Monarch
           seemes
           to
           be
           preferred
           before
           the
           good
           of
           all
           his
           Subjects
           in
           generall
           ,
           so
           that
           a
           whole
           Kingdome
           or
           Empire
           should
           bee
           utterly
           pillaged
           ,
           wasted
           ,
           and
           consumed
           ,
           rather
           then
           his
           Treasures
           be
           destroyed
           .
           Not
           so
           :
           for
           though
           Empires
           and
           Kingdomes
           are
           but
           as
           materiall
           subjects
           ,
           and
           Monarches
           as
           formes
           politicall
           ;
           yet
           even
           as
           in
           nature
           ,
           formes
           cannot
           subsist
           without
           matter
           ,
           (
           from
           whose
           power
           all
           formes
           ,
           except
           the
           rationall
           soule
           ,
           are
           educed
           ;
           )
           so
           in
           policy
           ,
           Monarchs
           cannot
           subsist
           without
           their
           people
           ,
           from
           whose
           subjection
           and
           obedience
           their
           power
           is
           educed
           immediately
           from
           God
           ,
           as
           are
           formes
           from
           matter
           by
           nature
           :
           the
           good
           of
           both
           therefore
           must
           be
           consistent
           together
           ,
           so
           that
           not
           
             salus
             populi
          
           alone
           ,
           as
           the
           
             Observator
          
           would
           have
           it
           ,
           but
           
             salus
             Regis
             &
             populi
             ,
          
           is
           the
           true
           end
           of
           Monarchicall
           government
           .
        
         
           Thus
           have
           I
           briefly
           answered
           the
           Observators
           chiefe
           arguments
           ,
           from
           whence
           all
           his
           other
           assertions
           and
           conclusions
           are
           drawne
           ,
           desireing
           him
           and
           all
           others
           ,
           rather
           to
           study
           how
           to
           produce
           reasons
           for
           obedience
           (
           where
           it
           is
           due
           )
           to
           Monarchs
           ,
           then
           to
           derogate
           from
           Monarchicall
           government
           :
           to
           endeavour
           how
           to
           incline
           ,
           and
           not
           to
           disaffect
           (
           by
           nice
           positions
           )
           the
           distracted
           mindes
           of
           the
           people
           towards
           the
           King
           :
           to
           propound
           prudent
           Arguments
           which
           might
           move
           the
           King
           to
           accommodate
           with
           his
           Parliament
           ;
           and
           not
           by
           lessening
           his
           authority
           ,
           to
           divert
           him
           from
           it
           .
           Finally
           ,
           to
           seeke
           how
           to
           unite
           the
           King
           and
           Common-wealth
           ,
           and
           not
           to
           dis-unite
           them
           by
           impertinent
           and
           invalid
           conclusions
           .
           God
           of
           his
           goodnesse
           grant
           co-union
           (
           as
           much
           as
           in
           this
           world
           may
           be
           )
           betweene
           our
           Soveraigne
           and
           His
           people
           ,
           that
           He
           may
           know
           truely
           how
           to
           rule
           ,
           and
           they
           to
           obey
           .
        
      
       
       
         
           ANIMADVERSIONS
           upon
           those
           Notes
           which
           the
           late
           OBSERVATOR
           hath
           published
           upon
           the
           seven
           
             Doctrines
             ,
          
           and
           
             Positions
             ,
          
           which
           the
           KING
           by
           way
           of
           
             Recapitulation
          
           (
           he
           saith
           )
           layes
           open
           so
           offensive
           .
        
         
           
             POSITION
             I.
             
          
           
             THat
             the
             Parliament
             hath
             an
             absolute
             ,
             indisputable
             power
             of
             declaring
             Law
             :
             so
             that
             all
             the
             right
             of
             the
             King
             and
             People
             depends
             upon
             their
             pleasure
             .
          
        
         
           
             To
             this
             the
             
               Observator
            
             saith
             ;
          
           
             It
             hath
             beene
             answered
             ,
             That
             this
             Power
             must
             rest
             in
             them
             ,
             or
             in
             the
             King
             ,
             or
             in
             some
             inferiour
             Court
             ;
             or
             else
             all
             suits
             will
             be
             endlesse
             ,
             and
             it
             cannot
             rest
             more
             safely
             then
             in
             Parliament
             .
          
        
         
           
             ANIMADVERSION
             I.
             
          
           
             THe
             
               Observator
            
             hath
             contracted
             His
             Majesties
             words
             ,
             but
             hath
             kept
             the
             sense
             in
             more
             generall
             termes
             ,
             and
             seemes
             (
             though
             but
             faintly
             )
             to
             justifie
             the
             
               Position
               ,
            
             by
             approving
             (
             I
             know
             not
             whose
             answer
             )
             that
             this
             Power
             can
             rest
             no where
             m●re
             safely
             then
             in
             Parliament
             .
             He
             meanes
             the
             Parliament
             without
             the
             King
             ;
             if
             he
             had
             allowed
             the
             King
             his
             place
             in
             Parliament
             ,
             I
             know
             no
             understanding
             man
             but
             will
             easily
             subscribe
             ,
             That
             the
             King
             in
             Parliament
             ,
             or
             the
             Parliament
             with
             him
             ,
             have
             an
             absolute
             ,
             undisputable
             power
             ,
             both
             to
             make
             ,
             and
             declare
             Law
             ;
             and
             to
             end
             all
             suits
             of
             what
             kind
             soever
             ,
             determinable
             by
             humane
             Law
             within
             the
             Kingdome
             .
             And
             here
             is
             the
             most
             safe
             resting
             of
             this
             power
             (
             and
             here
             it
             hath
             ever
             rested
             )
             &
             not
             in
             the
             King
             alone
             (
             who
             claimes
             not
             that
             Power
             ,
             but
             is
             willing
             to
             governe
             His
             Subjects
             according
             to
             the
             known
             Lawes
             )
             and
             much
             lesse
             in
             any
             inferiour
             Court
             .
             But
             that
             such
             an
             absolute
             undisputable
             Power
             of
             declaring
             Law
             ,
             as
             hath
             lately
             beene
             assumed
             ,
             by
             the
             
               Major
            
             part
             of
             the
             present
             
             sitting
             Parliament
             ,
             should
             be
             resting
             in
             them
             ,
             is
             neither
             necessary
             for
             the
             ending
             of
             suites
             ,
             nor
             can
             be
             safe
             either
             for
             King
             or
             Subject
             .
             If
             they
             may
             declare
             that
             for
             a
             Law
             ,
             a
             fundamentall
             Law
             ,
             which
             never
             yet
             was
             exacted
             ,
             or
             had
             any
             being
             ;
             and
             deny
             the
             plaine
             undoubted
             Lawes
             that
             have
             beene
             Enacted
             ,
             or
             frustrate
             them
             by
             some
             unheard
             of
             interpretation
             ,
             (
             as
             if
             such
             interpretation
             had
             been
             some
             mentall
             (
             or
             rather
             Parliamentall
             )
             reservation
             ,
             laid
             up
             within
             the
             Parliament
             wals
             ,
             to
             be
             produced
             upon
             emergent
             occasions
             ,
             by
             their
             Successours
             )
             they
             will
             have
             so
             full
             an
             Arbitrary
             power
             ,
             that
             the
             right
             and
             safety
             of
             King
             and
             People
             must
             wholly
             depend
             upon
             their
             Votes
             .
             Which
             power
             can
             never
             be
             safe
             ,
             either
             for
             King
             ,
             or
             People
             ,
             nor
             can
             they
             produce
             one
             president
             that
             may
             warrant
             such
             a
             Power
             .
             But
             they
             are
             not
             bound
             ,
             or
             limited
             by
             such
             presidents
             ,
             That
             's
             the
             second
             
               Position
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             POSITION
             II.
             
          
           
             THat
             Parliaments
             are
             bound
             to
             no
             Presidents
             .
          
        
         
           
             OBSERVATOUR
             .
          
           
             Statutes
             are
             not
             binding
             to
             them
             ,
             why
             then
             should
             Parliaments
             ?
             Yet
             there
             is
             no
             obligation
             stronger
             then
             the
             honour
             &
             justice
             of
             a
             Parliament
             .
          
        
         
           
             ANIMADVERSION
             II.
             
          
           
             IF
             Statutes
             be
             not
             binding
             to
             them
             ,
             there
             is
             no
             reason
             that
             presidents
             should
             be
             .
             And
             he
             saith
             true
             ,
             Statutes
             are
             not
             binding
             to
             them
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             
               de
               facto
               ,
            
             they
             are
             not
             (
             for
             they
             in
             some
             things
             goe
             directly
             against
             them
             )
             but
             
               de
               jure
               ,
            
             they
             are
             ;
             that
             〈◊〉
             they
             ought
             to
             be
             binding
             to
             them
             ,
             till
             they
             be
             repealed
             by
             the
             same
             power
             they
             were
             made
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             by
             Bill
             orderly
             passed
             both
             Houses
             ,
             and
             ratified
             by
             His
             Majesties
             Royall
             assent
             .
             And
             unlesse
             they
             can
             shew
             better
             reason
             then
             their
             bare
             Assertion
             ,
             Presidents
             (
             as
             they
             are
             the
             best
             warrant
             ,
             so
             )
             they
             are
             ,
             and
             ought
             to
             be
             the
             limits
             and
             bounds
             of
             their
             proceedings
             .
             He
             might
             have
             said
             as
             truly
             ,
             That
             Oathes
             are
             not
             binding
             to
             them
             :
             and
             therefore
             neither
             Statutes
             ,
             nor
             presidents
             ,
             But
             the
             
               Observator
            
             tells
             us
             (
             
               Pag.
            
             44.
             )
             That
             the
             Oathes
             of
             Supremacie
             and
             Allegiance
             are
             not
             endangered
             ,
             by
             making
             the
             Kingdome
             ,
             &
             not
             the
             King
             ,
             the
             proper
             subject
             of
             power
             .
             And
             he
             yeelds
             reason
             for
             it
             .
             
               For
            
             (
             saith
             he
             )
             
               hee
               that
               ascribes
               more
               to
               the
               whole
               Vniversality
               ,
               then
               to
               the
               King
               ,
               yet
               ascribes
               to
               the
               King
               a
               true
               Supremacie
               of
               Power
               and
               Honour
               above
               all
               particulars
               .
            
             I
             wonder
             what
             he
             meanes
             by
             a
             true
             Supremacie
             of
             Power
             and
             Honour
             above
             all
             particulars
             :
             Surely
             he
             meanes
             nothing
             but
             priority
             
             of
             place
             ,
             and
             height
             of
             Title
             ;
             for
             hee
             is
             allowed
             little
             power
             over
             some
             particulars
             ,
             namely
             ,
             over
             the
             Members
             of
             either
             House
             ,
             and
             whom
             else
             they
             please
             to
             exempt
             (
             as
             they
             did
             Serjeant
             Major
             
               Skippon
            
             for
             his
             Power
             and
             Commands
             .
             )
             But
             this
             distinction
             helpes
             them
             The
             Members
             of
             either
             House
             are
             sharers
             in
             that
             Supremacie
             which
             is
             in
             the
             Universality
             and
             above
             his
             ;
             and
             by
             the
             power
             of
             that
             Supremacie
             they
             can
             exempt
             whom
             they
             please
             from
             the
             power
             of
             this
             ,
             Inferiour
             (
             pardon
             the
             phrase
             ,
             and
             the
             absurdities
             cannot
             be
             exprest
             without
             a
             Solecisme
             )
             Supremacie
             .
             Very
             good
             :
             but
             in
             good
             sober
             sadnesse
             ,
             doth
             the
             
               Observator
            
             thinke
             this
             distinction
             was
             thought
             on
             by
             the
             Framers
             and
             enjoyners
             of
             that
             Oath
             ,
             or
             that
             the
             Members
             of
             the
             House
             ,
             at
             their
             entring
             the
             House
             ,
             did
             take
             their
             Oath
             to
             the
             King
             ,
             as
             to
             the
             Supreme
             over
             all
             ,
             with
             exception
             of
             themselves
             ,
             or
             reservation
             of
             an
             higher
             Supremacy
             to
             themselves
             ,
             when
             they
             should
             be
             entred
             ?
             It
             is
             hardly
             credible
             :
             Nor
             do
             all
             (
             that
             desire
             to
             tender
             all
             due
             honour
             to
             the
             Parliament
             )
             beleeve
             that
             they
             are
             so
             the
             Universality
             ,
             or
             the
             Kingdome
             ,
             as
             the
             
               Observator
            
             presumes
             .
             They
             are
             trusted
             by
             the
             Universality
             and
             Kingdome
             ,
             and
             we
             pray
             ,
             that
             they
             may
             discharge
             that
             trust
             ,
             not
             knowing
             ,
             but
             that
             a
             multitude
             of
             men
             subject
             (
             every
             one
             of
             them
             )
             to
             errour
             ,
             may
             faile
             in
             their
             judgement
             ,
             and
             being
             not
             exempted
             from
             the
             common
             condition
             of
             the
             sinfull
             Sons
             of
             
               Adam
               ,
            
             may
             possibly
             ,
             not
             rightly
             discharge
             the
             trust
             committed
             to
             them
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             the
             King
             ,
             who
             is
             blasted
             with
             foule
             failings
             and
             errours
             ,
             in
             judgement
             .
             Me
             thinks
             ,
             men
             that
             so
             much
             detest
             Popery
             ,
             should
             not
             borrow
             the
             grounds
             of
             their
             reasoning
             from
             them
             :
             and
             I
             shall
             as
             soone
             beleeve
             the
             Councell
             of
             
               Trent
               ,
            
             telling
             us
             that
             they
             are
             the
             Universall
             Church
             ,
             and
             therefore
             cannot
             possibly
             erre
             ,
             as
             that
             the
             Parliament
             is
             the
             Universall
             ,
             unerring
             ,
             and
             unpervertibly
             just
             body
             of
             the
             Kingdome
             .
             And
             surely
             ,
             the
             Spirit
             of
             declaring
             must
             needs
             reside
             in
             a
             strangely
             large
             measure
             in
             them
             ,
             who
             have
             power
             thus
             to
             declare
             ,
             not
             onely
             Law
             ,
             but
             Oathes
             too
             :
             a
             greater
             ,
             then
             which
             the
             Popes
             flatterers
             never
             gave
             him
             :
             and
             hardly
             ever
             any
             Pope
             assumed
             so
             great
             :
             
               Quo
               te
               constringam
               mutantem
               Protea
               nodo
               ?
            
             How
             shall
             these
             men
             be
             bound
             to
             do
             right
             ,
             who
             so
             easily
             untie
             the
             knots
             of
             these
             sacred
             bookes
             of
             Law
             and
             Oathes
             ?
             why
             ,
             yes
             :
             There
             is
             a
             bond
             that
             will
             do
             it
             ;
             The
             obligation
             of
             the
             Justice
             ,
             and
             honour
             of
             a
             Parliament
             .
             But
             can
             any
             man
             be
             sure
             ,
             that
             they
             whom
             neither
             Law
             ,
             Custome
             ,
             &
             Presidents
             of
             their
             Ancestors
             ,
             nor
             Oathes
             can
             bind
             ,
             will
             be
             alwayes
             held
             
             in
             by
             the
             obligation
             of
             Justice
             and
             Honour
             ?
             Is
             it
             not
             possible
             that
             they
             may
             (
             in
             time
             )
             finde
             a
             power
             in
             themselves
             of
             declaring
             that
             obligation
             void
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             they
             have
             done
             the
             other
             ?
             The
             same
             obligation
             of
             Justice
             and
             Honour
             ,
             is
             as
             strong
             upon
             Kings
             ,
             (
             and
             hath
             ever
             beene
             held
             more
             powerfull
             and
             obstrictive
             in
             them
             ,
             then
             in
             any
             State
             mannaged
             by
             a
             Community
             ;
             )
             and
             yet
             they
             dare
             not
             trust
             His
             Majesty
             ,
             though
             so
             obliged
             .
             The
             
               Observatour
            
             then
             must
             pardon
             me
             ,
             if
             I
             desire
             ,
             they
             may
             rather
             be
             held
             in
             ,
             (
             and
             hold
             themselves
             so
             to
             be
             )
             by
             the
             old
             obligations
             of
             Law
             ,
             Presidents
             ,
             and
             Oathes
             ,
             rather
             then
             that
             the
             Kings
             liege
             people
             should
             be
             put
             wholly
             to
             confide
             to
             that
             single
             obligation
             of
             the
             Justice
             and
             Honour
             of
             a
             Parliament
             .
          
        
         
           
             POSITION
             III.
             
          
           
             THat
             they
             are
             Parliaments
             ,
             and
             may
             judge
             of
             publike
             necessity
             without
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             dispose
             of
             any
             thing
             .
          
        
         
           
             OBSERVATOUR
             .
          
           
             They
             may
             not
             desert
             the
             King
             ,
             but
             being
             deserted
             by
             the
             King
             ,
             when
             the
             Kingdome
             is
             in
             distresse
             ,
             they
             may
             judge
             of
             that
             distresse
             ,
             and
             relieve
             it
             ;
             and
             are
             to
             be
             accompted
             by
             vertue
             of
             representation
             ,
             as
             the
             whole
             body
             of
             the
             State
             .
          
        
         
           
             ANIMADVERSION
             III.
             
          
           
             HIs
             Majestie
             sets
             downe
             this
             Position
             in
             more
             words
             ,
             but
             these
             are
             much
             to
             the
             same
             purpose
             ;
             and
             upon
             these
             the
             inference
             which
             His
             Majestie
             makes
             ,
             followes
             undeniably
             ,
             That
             then
             the
             life
             and
             liberty
             of
             the
             subject
             ,
             and
             all
             good
             Lawes
             made
             for
             the
             security
             of
             them
             ,
             may
             be
             disposed
             of
             ,
             and
             repealed
             by
             the
             major
             part
             of
             both
             Houses
             at
             any
             time
             present
             ,
             and
             by
             any
             wayes
             and
             meanes
             procured
             so
             to
             be
             ;
             and
             His
             Majestie
             shall
             have
             no
             power
             to
             protect
             them
             .
             They
             see
             nothing
             that
             see
             not
             the
             misery
             which
             may
             follow
             upon
             such
             a
             vast
             transcendency
             of
             arbitrary
             power
             ,
             if
             it
             were
             invested
             in
             the
             Parliament
             ,
             which
             (
             I
             dare
             boldly
             say
             )
             was
             never
             claimed
             by
             any
             Parliament
             ,
             though
             in
             conjunction
             with
             (
             the
             head
             of
             it
             )
             the
             King
             .
             Every
             (
             the
             meanest
             )
             Subject
             hath
             such
             a
             right
             and
             propriety
             in
             his
             goods
             ,
             that
             without
             Law
             they
             cannot
             bee
             taken
             from
             him
             ,
             though
             to
             be
             employed
             for
             the
             publike
             good
             .
             And
             though
             the
             safety
             of
             the
             people
             be
             the
             highest
             Law
             ,
             and
             that
             doe
             (
             many
             times
             )
             
             give
             a
             power
             above
             other
             Laws
             ,
             and
             against
             them
             ,
             to
             the
             supreame
             Magistracy
             in
             a
             State
             ,
             to
             dispose
             of
             private
             mens
             estates
             ,
             yet
             the
             unchangeable
             rule
             of
             Justice
             must
             have
             place
             ,
             even
             in
             that
             highest
             Law
             ,
             and
             that
             requires
             a
             compensation
             to
             be
             made
             to
             those
             ,
             whose
             estates
             or
             goods
             are
             so
             disposed
             of
             ;
             and
             never
             gives
             power
             to
             uphold
             the
             publike
             good
             with
             private
             injury
             .
             Nor
             can
             it
             be
             imagined
             ,
             that
             a
             State
             upheld
             by
             such
             helpes
             ,
             should
             not
             be
             able
             to
             make
             a
             just
             compensation
             to
             those
             ,
             by
             whom
             it
             was
             upheld
             .
             But
             let
             us
             heare
             our
             
               Observatour
            
             :
             They
             may
             not
             (
             saith
             hee
             )
             desert
             the
             King
             .
             Gramercy
             for
             that
             ;
             I
             am
             glad
             to
             heare
             they
             have
             yet
             any
             obligation
             upon
             them
             to
             tye
             them
             to
             the
             King
             .
             Yet
             I
             know
             not
             well
             what
             he
             meanes
             by
             deserting
             the
             King
             :
             if
             hee
             meane
             it
             in
             that
             sense
             ,
             which
             he
             doth
             the
             Kings
             deserting
             of
             them
             ,
             which
             (
             out
             of
             question
             )
             is
             his
             not
             assenting
             to
             whatsoever
             they
             shall
             thinke
             fit
             ;
             Then
             in
             reason
             they
             should
             not
             ,
             by
             their
             disallowing
             all
             his
             Proposals
             ,
             have
             driven
             him
             to
             dissent
             from
             theirs
             ,
             and
             so
             to
             have
             deserted
             them
             .
             Well
             :
             But
             being
             deserted
             by
             the
             King
             ,
             when
             the
             Kingdome
             is
             in
             distresse
             ,
             they
             may
             judge
             of
             that
             distresse
             ,
             and
             relieve
             it
             .
             All
             their
             power
             then
             is
             upon
             supposition
             of
             the
             Kings
             deserting
             them
             :
             So
             that
             if
             it
             appeare
             ▪
             that
             His
             Majestie
             hath
             not
             deserted
             them
             (
             as
             many
             good
             men
             beleeve
             He
             hath
             not
             ,
             in
             the
             redresse
             of
             any
             reall
             grievance
             ,
             )
             then
             they
             have
             no
             such
             power
             .
             And
             however
             ,
             they
             claime
             this
             power
             onely
             when
             the
             Kingdome
             is
             in
             distresse
             ;
             But
             how
             if
             the
             Kingdome
             be
             not
             in
             distresse
             ,
             or
             (
             at
             least
             )
             that
             distresse
             be
             only
             or
             principally
             caused
             by
             their
             claiming
             of
             that
             power
             ,
             which
             cannot
             consist
             with
             the
             Honour
             and
             Royall
             Estate
             of
             His
             Majestie
             ,
             which
             all
             men
             (
             by
             their
             late
             Protestation
             )
             are
             bound
             to
             defend
             ?
             If
             it
             be
             so
             ,
             wee
             may
             easily
             discerne
             how
             farre
             they
             may
             stretch
             this
             power
             ,
             which
             they
             claime
             onely
             in
             order
             to
             distresse
             ;
             and
             that
             they
             may
             make
             as
             much
             use
             of
             it
             ,
             as
             the
             Pope
             doth
             of
             his
             power
             in
             temporals
             ;
             
               In
               ordine
               ad
               spiritualia
               .
            
             He
             claimes
             no
             more
             ,
             (
             though
             some
             have
             said
             he
             hath
             right
             to
             more
             ;
             )
             and
             the
             Parliament
             will
             need
             no
             more
             ,
             to
             doe
             as
             much
             as
             he
             takes
             upon
             him
             to
             do
             with
             Christian
             Princes
             and
             States
             .
             But
             they
             must
             have
             a
             right
             to
             their
             power
             in
             this
             case
             of
             distresse
             ;
             Whence
             have
             they
             that
             ?
             why
             ,
             they
             have
             it
             as
             the
             whole
             body
             of
             the
             State
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             are
             ,
             and
             must
             be
             so
             accompted
             ,
             by
             vertue
             of
             representation
             .
             Very
             good
             .
             But
             let
             us
             consider
             his
             words
             a
             little
             more
             .
             There
             is
             no
             understanding
             man
             ,
             but
             must
             and
             will
             acknowledge
             (
             unlesse
             he
             
             wilfully
             derogate
             from
             them
             ,
             )
             that
             the
             Parliament
             represents
             the
             body
             of
             the
             State
             ,
             for
             those
             ends
             for
             which
             they
             convene
             ,
             as
             an
             Ambassadour
             doth
             the
             Prince
             that
             sends
             him
             ,
             in
             the
             mannage
             of
             that
             businesse
             for
             which
             he
             is
             sent
             :
             But
             this
             is
             not
             an
             absolute
             representation
             to
             all
             intents
             and
             purposes
             .
             Besides
             ,
             whom
             doe
             they
             represent
             ?
             The
             body
             (
             saith
             he
             )
             of
             the
             State
             .
             Be
             it
             so
             :
             but
             it
             is
             onely
             the
             Body
             without
             the
             Head
             .
             And
             if
             they
             were
             not
             by
             representation
             onely
             ,
             but
             really
             ,
             the
             whole
             body
             of
             the
             People
             (
             if
             it
             were
             possible
             they
             should
             convene
             together
             )
             they
             are
             all
             but
             an
             assembly
             of
             Subjects
             ,
             of
             men
             to
             be
             governed
             ,
             not
             to
             rule
             ;
             to
             be
             commanded
             ,
             not
             to
             command
             their
             Head
             and
             Soveraigne
             :
             and
             then
             there
             can
             be
             no
             virtue
             of
             representation
             that
             can
             advance
             them
             to
             the
             power
             ,
             which
             the
             
               Observatour
            
             ascribes
             to
             them
             ,
             when
             such
             power
             was
             never
             in
             the
             whole
             Body
             ,
             which
             is
             represented
             .
             No
             ?
             never
             such
             power
             in
             the
             whole
             body
             ?
             I
             know
             the
             
               Observatours
            
             stomack
             will
             rise
             here
             .
             Did
             not
             the
             Peoples
             consent
             at
             first
             make
             Kings
             ,
             and
             conveigh
             power
             into
             their
             hands
             ?
             Truely
             Sir
             ,
             not
             solely
             :
             but
             grant
             it
             ,
             what
             then
             ?
             Marry
             ,
             
             he
             saith
             ,
             then
             it
             is
             a
             principle
             in
             nature
             .
             
               Quicquid
               efficit
               tale
               ,
               est
               magis
               tale
            
             ;
             In
             
               English
               ,
            
             If
             the
             People
             make
             a
             King
             ,
             they
             are
             more
             King
             themselves
             ;
             or
             if
             they
             give
             power
             ,
             they
             have
             more
             power
             :
             and
             may
             resume
             and
             exercise
             that
             power
             when
             they
             please
             .
             Excellent
             learning
             ,
             and
             well
             applyed
             ;
             I
             beleeve
             hee
             learn'd
             this
             piece
             from
             
               Suarez
            
             the
             Jesuite
             .
             But
             the
             
               Observatour
            
             may
             know
             ,
             that
             that
             rule
             admits
             many
             limitations
             ;
             and
             surely
             ,
             it
             holds
             onely
             
               in
               causis
               totalibus
               ,
            
             which
             the
             People
             are
             not
             in
             the
             constitution
             of
             Kings
             .
             But
             suppose
             their
             consent
             did
             at
             first
             give
             power
             to
             Kings
             ;
             when
             their
             consent
             is
             given
             for
             them
             and
             their
             Successours
             ,
             to
             a
             King
             and
             His
             Heires
             ,
             can
             the
             succeeding
             people
             cut
             off
             the
             entaile
             ,
             and
             retract
             the
             consent
             their
             Ancestours
             have
             given
             ?
             By
             what
             right
             ?
             with
             what
             justice
             ?
             I
             know
             not
             :
             but
             the
             people
             may
             contract
             for
             them
             and
             their
             Successours
             in
             the
             conveighance
             of
             Soveraigne
             power
             ,
             (
             if
             ever
             they
             had
             it
             in
             their
             hands
             to
             give
             )
             as
             any
             man
             may
             in
             the
             conveighance
             of
             his
             lands
             or
             goods
             :
             and
             that
             such
             conveighance
             may
             be
             as
             binding
             to
             Successours
             in
             the
             one
             ,
             as
             in
             the
             other
             ;
             and
             then
             I
             am
             sure
             they
             cannot
             have
             power
             at
             all
             times
             ,
             and
             in
             all
             succeeding
             ages
             ,
             to
             resume
             what
             they
             have
             so
             given
             .
             Our
             Kings
             right
             (
             so
             far
             as
             it
             is
             derived
             from
             the
             people
             )
             is
             of
             this
             kinde
             .
             And
             if
             he
             had
             no
             other
             grounds
             for
             his
             claime
             of
             Soveraignty
             ,
             (
             as
             it
             is
             most
             certaine
             that
             he
             hath
             )
             such
             a
             consent
             once
             granted
             ,
             were
             sufficient
             
             to
             binde
             the
             people
             ,
             that
             it
             cannot
             ever
             be
             lawfull
             for
             them
             ,
             by
             a
             major
             part
             of
             them
             ,
             (
             comming
             in
             with
             a
             
               Nolumus
               hunc
               regnare
               super
               nos
            
             )
             to
             deprive
             him
             of
             that
             right
             .
             But
             surely
             ,
             they
             would
             never
             make
             so
             absolute
             a
             grant
             of
             their
             power
             to
             Princes
             ,
             as
             to
             devest
             themselves
             of
             it
             .
             Good
             Sir
             ,
             shew
             me
             that
             proviso
             in
             their
             grant
             .
             But
             it
             seemes
             to
             you
             unnaturall
             they
             should
             :
             
             I
             doe
             not
             wonder
             it
             should
             seeme
             so
             to
             you
             ,
             who
             make
             it
             agreeable
             to
             the
             
               clearest
               beames
               of
               humane
               reason
               ,
               and
               the
               strongest
               inclinations
               of
               nature
            
             ;
             
             (
             and
             by
             consequence
             ,
             as
             you
             would
             perswade
             the
             World
             ,
             justifiable
             :
             )
             
               For
               every
               private
               man
               to
               defend
               himselfe
               by
               force
               ,
               if
               assaulted
               ,
               though
               by
               the
               force
               of
               a
               Magistrate
               ,
               or
               his
               owne
               Father
               ;
               and
               though
               he
               be
               not
               without
               all
               confidence
               by
               flight
               ,
               &c.
               
            
             I
             wish
             whilest
             you
             have
             such
             recourse
             to
             nature
             ,
             you
             would
             not
             forget
             Christianity
             ,
             which
             teaches
             subjection
             and
             obedience
             ,
             and
             gives
             no
             liberty
             (
             either
             to
             private
             men
             ,
             or
             the
             major
             part
             of
             the
             Communalty
             )
             of
             resistance
             ;
             but
             saith
             ,
             
               They
               that
               resist
               ,
            
             
             
               shall
               receive
               to
               themselves
               damnation
               .
            
             And
             if
             the
             
               Observatur
            
             be
             a
             Gentleman
             ,
             he
             should
             tender
             how
             he
             hath
             recourse
             to
             nature
             in
             point
             of
             right
             ,
             lest
             he
             give
             occasion
             to
             some
             
               Wat.
               
               Tyler's
            
             Chaplaine
             ,
             to
             preach
             againe
             upon
             that
             Text
             :
             
               
                 
                   When
                   
                     Adam
                  
                   dolve
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Eve
                  
                   span
                   ,
                
                 
                   Who
                   was
                   then
                   a
                   Gentleman
                   .
                
              
            
             He
             may
             finde
             a
             goodly
             Sermon
             upon
             that
             Text
             ,
             set
             downe
             by
             
               John
               Stow
               ,
            
             in
             
               Richard
            
             the
             second
             ,
             and
             such
             Doctrine
             delivered
             upon
             it
             ;
             the
             use
             of
             which
             would
             shake
             his
             title
             to
             his
             inheritance
             ,
             and
             the
             name
             of
             Gentleman
             .
          
        
         
           
             POSITION
             IV.
             
          
           
             THat
             no
             Member
             of
             the
             Parliament
             ought
             to
             be
             troubled
             for
             Treason
             ,
             &c.
             without
             leave
             .
          
        
         
           
             OBSERVATOUR
             .
          
           
             This
             is
             intended
             of
             suspitions
             onely
             ,
             and
             when
             leave
             may
             seasonably
             be
             had
             ;
             and
             when
             competent
             accusers
             appeare
             not
             in
             the
             impeachment
             .
          
        
         
           
             ANIMADVERSION
             IV.
             
          
           
             HIs
             Majestie
             hath
             said
             so
             much
             of
             this
             ,
             and
             so
             little
             of
             it
             hath
             beene
             answered
             ,
             (
             or
             indeed
             is
             answerable
             ,
             )
             that
             I
             shall
             not
             need
             
             to
             say
             much
             :
             Onely
             I
             observe
             the
             modesty
             of
             this
             
               Observatour
               ,
            
             that
             hee
             doth
             not
             absolutely
             say
             they
             are
             not
             to
             be
             troubled
             for
             those
             crimes
             ,
             but
             not
             upon
             suspition
             onely
             ;
             &c.
             
             I
             know
             not
             what
             hee
             may
             call
             suspitions
             ,
             but
             I
             beleeve
             the
             best
             evidences
             may
             easily
             be
             held
             for
             bare
             suspitions
             ,
             if
             they
             may
             not
             have
             liberty
             to
             speake
             out
             ;
             and
             that
             they
             cannot
             have
             ,
             unlesse
             the
             accused
             be
             first
             in
             safe
             custody
             ,
             and
             brought
             to
             tryall
             ,
             where
             they
             may
             legally
             be
             produced
             .
             And
             ,
             I
             beleeve
             ,
             few
             wise
             men
             will
             thinke
             it
             reasonable
             ,
             that
             the
             grounds
             of
             suspition
             of
             Treason
             should
             necessarily
             be
             opened
             before
             tryall
             .
          
        
         
           
             POSITION
             V
          
           
             THat
             the
             Soveraigne
             power
             resides
             in
             both
             Houses
             of
             Parliament
             ,
             The
             King
             having
             no
             negative
             voyce
             .
          
        
         
           
             OBSERVATOUR
             .
          
           
             This
             power
             is
             not
             claimed
             as
             ordinary
             ,
             nor
             to
             any
             purpose
             ,
             but
             to
             save
             the
             Kingdome
             from
             ruine
             ;
             and
             in
             case
             ,
             where
             the
             King
             is
             so
             seduced
             ,
             as
             that
             he
             prefers
             dangerous
             men
             ,
             and
             persecutes
             his
             loyall
             Subjects
             .
          
        
         
           
             ANIMADVERSION
             V.
             
          
           
             HIs
             Majestie
             infers
             upon
             this
             Position
             ,
             
               That
               himselfe
               must
               be
               subject
               to
               their
               Commands
               .
            
             This
             sounds
             but
             harshly
             in
             the
             eares
             of
             loyall
             Subjects
             .
             That
             any
             posture
             wherein
             they
             can
             be
             put
             ,
             can
             raise
             Subjects
             to
             a
             capacity
             of
             Soveraignty
             ,
             and
             reduce
             their
             Soveraigne
             to
             become
             their
             Subject
             .
             But
             hee
             comforts
             us
             here
             ,
             and
             tels
             us
             ,
             this
             power
             is
             not
             claimed
             as
             ordinary
             ,
             nor
             to
             any
             purpose
             ,
             &c.
             
             This
             is
             but
             poore
             comfort
             :
             it
             is
             not
             ,
             but
             it
             may
             be
             in
             good
             time
             ,
             if
             they
             please
             .
             Hee
             doth
             not
             say
             ,
             they
             shall
             not
             hereafter
             ,
             and
             cannot
             claime
             it
             as
             ordinary
             ,
             and
             to
             other
             purposes
             then
             that
             he
             names
             .
             So
             that
             there
             may
             be
             other
             causes
             that
             may
             make
             them
             claime
             this
             power
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             this
             .
             But
             indeed
             they
             need
             no
             other
             ,
             if
             it
             be
             in
             their
             power
             to
             declare
             that
             to
             be
             the
             case
             of
             the
             King
             and
             Kingdome
             when
             they
             please
             :
             But
             they
             will
             never
             doe
             it
             ,
             but
             where
             there
             is
             a
             just
             cause
             for
             it
             ,
             and
             the
             truth
             leads
             them
             to
             it
             .
             Truly
             ,
             I
             believe
             honourably
             of
             the
             Justice
             and
             Wisedome
             of
             Parliaments
             ;
             but
             I
             doe
             beleeve
             that
             they
             are
             not
             either
             infallible
             ,
             or
             that
             they
             cannot
             possibly
             do
             amisse
             .
             And
             the
             
               Observator
            
             must
             bring
             better
             arguments
             ;
             (
             and
             I
             fear
             he
             cannot
             bring
             so
             good
             )
             to
             make
             me
             beleeve
             otherwise
             ,
             
             then
             ever
             yet
             were
             brought
             for
             the
             infallibility
             of
             a
             generall
             Councell
             .
             But
             I
             have
             said
             enough
             for
             the
             present
             of
             the
             residence
             of
             soveraigne
             power
             in
             the
             Parliament
             ,
             and
             the
             ground
             of
             their
             claime
             to
             it
             ,
             
               by
               the
               vertue
               of
               representation
            
             in
             my
             third
             
               Animadversion
               .
            
             I
             shall
             here
             onely
             give
             the
             Reader
             a
             briefe
             glosse
             upon
             the
             language
             here
             used
             by
             the
             
               Observatour
            
             to
             save
             the
             Kingdome
             from
             ruine
             ,
             (
             that
             is
             from
             Monarchy
             or
             being
             governed
             by
             the
             King
             .
             )
             The
             King
             is
             seduced
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             he
             is
             perswaded
             (
             by
             his
             owne
             understanding
             ,
             and
             other
             evill
             Counsellours
             ,
             )
             not
             to
             part
             with
             his
             Soveraignty
             ,
             nor
             to
             become
             a
             Subject
             to
             his
             Subjects
             .
             He
             preferres
             dangerous
             men
             ,
             (
             that
             is
             ,
             such
             as
             would
             have
             him
             still
             to
             be
             their
             King
             .
             )
             persecutes
             his
             loyall
             Subjects
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             such
             as
             would
             rule
             him
             ,
             and
             the
             people
             at
             their
             pleasure
             .
          
        
         
           
             POSITION
             VI
             .
          
           
             THat
             the
             Levying
             of
             Forces
             against
             the
             personall
             commands
             of
             the
             King
             ,
             (
             though
             accompanied
             with
             his
             presence
             )
             is
             not
             levying
             of
             warre
             against
             the
             King
             :
             but
             warre
             against
             his
             authority
             ,
             not
             Person
             ,
             is
             warre
             against
             the
             King
             .
          
        
         
           
             OBSERVATOUR
             .
          
           
             If
             this
             were
             not
             so
             ,
             the
             Parliament
             seeing
             a
             seduced
             King
             ,
             ruining
             himselfe
             ,
             and
             the
             Kingdome
             ,
             could
             not
             save
             both
             ,
             but
             stand
             and
             looke
             on
             .
          
        
         
           
             ANIMADVERSION
             VI
             .
          
           
             I
             Thought
             this
             Position
             so
             strangely
             Paradoxall
             ,
             and
             so
             apparently
             contrary
             to
             reason
             ,
             and
             common
             sense
             ,
             that
             no
             man
             would
             have
             appeared
             in
             the
             defence
             of
             it
             .
             Yet
             this
             
               Observator
            
             never
             blushes
             ,
             nor
             blinkes
             at
             it
             ,
             but
             affirmes
             it
             stoutly
             .
             But
             for
             all
             that
             ,
             I
             shall
             beleeve
             very
             slowly
             ,
             That
             the
             Kings
             Person
             can
             at
             any
             time
             be
             without
             the
             King
             ,
             or
             without
             his
             Authority
             :
             Or
             that
             they
             may
             destroy
             the
             Kings
             Person
             to
             preserve
             the
             King
             .
             My
             faith
             is
             not
             strong
             enough
             to
             beleeve
             these
             sublime
             points
             ,
             and
             mysteries
             of
             State
             :
             I
             shall
             subscribe
             thus
             farre
             ,
             That
             warre
             against
             the
             Kings
             Authority
             (
             though
             in
             the
             absence
             of
             his
             Person
             )
             is
             warre
             against
             the
             King
             :
             But
             that
             the
             King
             and
             his
             Person
             should
             be
             '
             intwo
             places
             ,
             will
             never
             (
             I
             feare
             )
             downe
             with
             mee
             .
             But
             however
             I
             le
             see
             his
             reason
             :
             What
             's
             that
             ?
             
               Why
               else
               the
               Parliament
               seeing
               a
               seduced
               King
               ,
               ruining
               himselfe
               and
               his
               Kingdome
               ,
               
               could
               not
               save
               both
               ,
               but
               must
               stand
               and
               looke
               on
               .
            
             Surely
             this
             reason
             is
             full
             of
             weight
             ,
             and
             ready
             to
             burst
             ,
             it
             is
             so
             big
             with
             probability
             .
             I
             suppose
             the
             
               Reader
            
             understands
             his
             language
             here
             by
             my
             former
             glosse
             :
             But
             if
             we
             should
             take
             the
             words
             as
             they
             sound
             ,
             the
             reason
             would
             seeme
             as
             strange
             ,
             as
             that
             which
             it
             is
             brought
             to
             confirme
             .
             The
             King
             ruining
             himselfe
             ,
             and
             his
             Kingdome
             ,
             a
             mad
             King
             ,
             or
             an
             Ideot
             (
             hee
             meanes
             )
             and
             then
             't
             were
             fit
             the
             Parliament
             appointed
             him
             a
             guardian
             .
             
               Ruining
               himselfe
               and
               his
               Kingdome
               .
            
             Is
             it
             possible
             ,
             that
             the
             King
             should
             ruine
             himselfe
             and
             his
             Kingdome
             .
             What
             ?
             The
             King
             alone
             ?
             Is
             he
             alone
             able
             to
             doe
             it
             without
             the
             people
             ?
             It
             is
             hardly
             credible
             :
             If
             he
             have
             the
             people
             on
             his
             side
             ,
             and
             a
             prevailing
             major
             party
             ,
             I
             thinke
             the
             
               Observatour
            
             (
             standing
             to
             his
             own
             Principles
             )
             will
             not
             deny
             that
             he
             hath
             Soveraigne
             power
             with
             him
             ,
             and
             that
             it
             is
             unnaturall
             to
             thinke
             the
             Community
             should
             destroy
             it selfe
             .
             But
             the
             Community
             (
             he
             will
             say
             )
             is
             to
             be
             lookt
             at
             in
             Parliament
             .
             Well
             ,
             But
             good
             Sir
             ,
             may
             not
             the
             people
             withdraw
             the
             power
             of
             representation
             ,
             which
             they
             granted
             to
             the
             Parliament
             ;
             was
             their
             grant
             so
             absolute
             ,
             and
             so
             irrevocable
             ,
             that
             they
             dispossesse
             themselves
             wholly
             of
             taking
             or
             exercising
             that
             power
             ,
             in
             their
             owne
             proper
             persons
             ?
             Remember
             your
             principles
             about
             the
             conveying
             of
             Soveraigne
             power
             into
             the
             hands
             of
             Kings
             ;
             and
             if
             you
             can
             shew
             no
             better
             Cards
             for
             their
             power
             of
             representation
             ,
             than
             the
             peoples
             revocable
             consent
             ,
             (
             and
             I
             would
             faine
             know
             why
             it
             should
             be
             more
             revocable
             from
             Kings
             than
             men
             )
             you
             will
             find
             their
             tenure
             in
             it
             very
             tickle
             .
          
        
         
           
             POSITION
             VII
             .
          
           
             THat
             according
             to
             some
             Parliaments
             they
             may
             depose
             Kings
             .
          
        
         
           
             OBSERVATOUR
             .
          
           
             'T
             is
             denied
             that
             any
             King
             was
             deposed
             by
             a
             free
             Parliament
             ,
             fairely
             elected
             .
          
        
         
           
             ANIMADVERSION
             VII
             .
          
           
             I
             Like
             this
             note
             better
             then
             all
             the
             rest
             ,
             and
             am
             wholly
             of
             his
             mind
             :
             That
             never
             any
             free
             Parliament
             ,
             fairely
             elected
             ,
             deposed
             any
             King
             :
             and
             I
             hope
             (
             whatsoever
             his
             principles
             seeme
             to
             insinuate
             )
             they
             doe
             not
             beleeve
             they
             have
             power
             to
             do
             it
             ,
             pray
             that
             they
             may
             never
             attempt
             ,
             (
             at
             least
             ,
             not
             be
             able
             )
             to
             depose
             the
             King
             ,
             or
             destroy
             Monarchy
             .
          
           
             FINIS
             .
          
           
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A56168e-100
           
             
               Seth
            
             and
             his
             generation
             began
             first
             to
             call
             upon
             the
             name
             of
             the
             Lord
             ,
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             to
             give
             to
             God
             some
             set
             forme
             of
             worship
             ,
             as
             Priests
             did
             ,
             &c.
             
          
        
         
           Notes for div A56168e-1860
           
             
               Pag.
            
             2.
             
          
           
             
               Pag.
            
             3.
             
          
           
             
               Pag.
            
             16
             
          
           
             Rom.
             13