Observations upon some of His Majesties late answers and expresses
         Parker, Henry, 1604-1652.
      
       
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             Observations upon some of His Majesties late answers and expresses
             Parker, Henry, 1604-1652.
          
           47 p.
           
             s.n.,
             [London :
             1642]
          
           
             Caption title.
             Attributed to Henry Parker. Cf. BLC.
             Place and date of publication from Thomason Coll.
             Reproduction of original in Thomason Collection, British Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           Charles -- I, -- King of England, 1600-1649.
           Great Britain -- History -- Charles I, 1625-1649.
        
      
    
       A56223  R21815  (Wing P412).  civilwar no Observations upon some of his Majesties late answers and expresses. Parker, Henry 1642    22384 29 5 0 0 0 0 15 C  The  rate of 15 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the C category of texts with between 10 and 35 defects per 10,000 words. 
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           OBSERVATIONS
           upon
           some
           of
           his
           Majesties
           late
           Answers
           and
           Expresses
           .
        
         
           IN
           this
           contestation
           betweene
           Regall
           and
           Paliamentary
           power
           ,
           for
           methods
           sake
           it
           is
           requisite
           to
           consider
           f●●se
           of
           Regall
           ,
           then
           of
           Parliamentary
           Power
           ,
           and
           in
           both
           to
           consider
           the
           efficient
           ,
           and
           finall
           causes
           ,
           and
           the
           meanes
           by
           which
           they
           are
           supported
           .
           
             The
             King
             attributeth
             the
             originall
             of
             his
             royalty
             to
             God
             ,
             and
             the
             Law
             ,
             making
             no
             mention
             of
             the
             graunt
             ,
             consent
             ,
             or
             trust
             of
             man
             therein
             ,
          
           but
           the
           truth
           is
           ,
           God
           is
           no
           more
           the
           author
           of
           Regall
           ,
           then
           of
           Aristocraticall
           power
           ,
           nor
           of
           supreame
           ,
           then
           of
           subordinate
           command
           ;
           nay
           ,
           that
           dominion
           which
           is
           usurped
           ,
           and
           not
           just
           ,
           yet
           whilst
           it
           remaines
           dominion
           ,
           and
           till
           it
           be
           legally
           againe
           devested
           ,
           referres
           to
           God
           ,
           as
           to
           its
           Author
           and
           donor
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           that
           which
           is
           hereditary
           .
           
             And
             that
             Law
             which
             the
             King
             mentioneth
             ,
             is
             not
             to
             be
             understood
             to
             be
             any
             speciall
             ordinance
             sent
             from
             heaven
             by
             the
             ministery
             of
             Angels
             or
             Prophets
             (
             as
             amongst
             the
             Jewes
             it
             sometimes
             was
             )
          
           It
           can
           be
           nothing
           else
           amongst
           Christians
           but
           the
           Pactions
           and
           agreements
           of
           such
           and
           such
           politique
           corporations
           .
           Power
           is
           originally
           inherent
           in
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           it
           is
           nothing
           else
           but
           that
           might
           and
           vigour
           which
           such
           or
           such
           a
           societie
           of
           men
           containes
           in
           it selfe
           ,
           and
           when
           by
           such
           or
           such
           a
           Law
           of
           common
           consent
           and
           agreement
           it
           is
           derived
           into
           such
           and
           such
           hands
           ,
           God
           confirmes
           that
           Law
           :
           and
           so
           man
           is
           the
           free
           and
           voluntary
           Author
           ,
           the
           Law
           is
           the
           Instrument
           ,
           and
           God
           is
           the
           establisher
           of
           both
           .
           And
           we
           see
           ,
           not
           that
           Prince
           which
           
           is
           the
           most
           potent
           over
           his
           subjects
           ,
           but
           that
           Prince
           which
           is
           most
           Potent
           in
           his
           subjects
           ,
           is
           indeed
           most
           truely
           potent
           ,
           for
           a
           King
           of
           one
           small
           City
           ,
           if
           he
           be
           intrusted
           with
           a
           large
           Prerogative
           ,
           may
           bee
           sayd
           to
           be
           more
           Potent
           over
           his
           subjects
           ,
           then
           a
           King
           of
           many
           great
           Regions
           ,
           whose
           prerogative
           is
           more
           limited
           :
           and
           yet
           in
           true
           realitie
           of
           power
           ,
           that
           King
           is
           most
           great
           and
           glorious
           ,
           which
           hath
           the
           most
           and
           strongest
           subjects
           ,
           and
           not
           he
           which
           tramples
           upon
           the
           most
           contemptible
           vassells
           .
           This
           is
           therefore
           a
           great
           and
           fond
           errour
           in
           some
           Princes
           to
           strive
           more
           to
           be
           great
           over
           their
           people
           ,
           then
           in
           their
           people
           ,
           and
           to
           ecclipse
           themselves
           by
           impoverishing
           ,
           rather
           then
           to
           magnifie
           themselves
           by
           infranchising
           their
           Subjects
           .
           This
           we
           see
           in
           France
           at
           this
           day
           ,
           for
           were
           the
           Peasants
           there
           more
           free
           ,
           they
           would
           be
           more
           rich
           and
           magnanimous
           ,
           and
           were
           they
           so
           ,
           their
           King
           were
           more
           puissant
           ;
           but
           now
           by
           affecting
           an
           adulterate
           power
           over
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           the
           King
           there
           looses
           a
           true
           power
           in
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           imbracing
           a
           cloud
           instead
           of
           
             Juno
             ,
          
           but
           thus
           we
           see
           that
           power
           is
           but
           secondary
           and
           derivative
           in
           Princes
           ,
           the
           fountaine
           and
           efficient
           cause
           is
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           from
           hence
           the
           inference
           is
           just
           ,
           the
           King
           ,
           though
           he
           be
           
             singulis
             Major
             ,
          
           yet
           he
           is
           
             universis
             minor
             ,
          
           for
           if
           the
           people
           be
           the
           true
           efficient
           cause
           of
           power
           ,
           it
           is
           a
           rule
           in
           nature
           
             quicquid
             efficit
             tale
             ,
             est
             magis
             tale
             .
          
           And
           hence
           it
           appeares
           that
           at
           the
           founding
           of
           authorities
           ,
           when
           the
           consent
           of
           societies
           convayes
           rule
           into
           such
           and
           such
           hands
           ,
           it
           may
           ordaine
           what
           conditions
           ,
           and
           prefix
           what
           bounds
           it
           pleases
           ,
           and
           that
           no
           dissolution
           ought
           to
           be
           thereof
           ,
           but
           by
           the
           same
           power
           by
           which
           it
           had
           its
           constitution
           .
        
         
           
             As
             for
             the
             finall
             cause
             of
             Regall
             Authoritie
             ,
             I
             doe
             not
             finde
             any
             thing
             in
             the
             Kings
             papers
             denying
             ,
             that
             the
             same
             people
             is
             the
             finall
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             efficient
             cause
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             indeed
             it
             were
             strange
             if
             the
             people
             in
             subjecting
             it selfe
             to
             command
             ,
             should
             ayme
             at
             any
             thing
             but
             its
             owne
             good
             in
             the
             first
             and
             last
             place
             .
             T
             is
             true
             according
             to
             Machavills
             politicks
             ,
          
           Princes
           ought
           to
           ayme
           at
           greatnes
           ,
           not
           in
           ,
           but
           over
           their
           Subjects
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           atchieving
           of
           the
           same
           ,
           they
           ought
           to
           propose
           to
           themselves
           ,
           no
           greater
           good
           then
           the
           spoyling
           and
           breaking
           the
           spirits
           of
           their
           Subjects
           ,
           nor
           no
           greater
           mischiefe
           ,
           then
           common
           freedome
           ,
           neither
           ought
           they
           to
           promote
           and
           cherish
           any
           servants
           but
           such
           as
           are
           most
           fit
           for
           rapine
           and
           oppression
           ,
           nor
           depresse
           and
           prosecute
           any
           as
           enemies
           ,
           but
           such
           as
           are
           gracious
           with
           the
           populacy
           for
           noble
           and
           gallant
           Acts
           .
        
         
           To
           be
           
             deliciae
             humani
             generis
          
           is
           growne
           fordid
           with
           Princes
           ,
           to
           be
           publike
           torments
           and
           carnificines
           ,
           and
           to
           plot
           against
           those
           Subjects
           whom
           by
           nature
           they
           ought
           to
           protect
           ,
           is
           held
           
             Caesar-like
          
           ,
           and
           therefore
           bloody
           
             Borgias
          
           by
           meere
           crueltie
           &
           t●eachery
           hath
           gotten
           roome
           
           in
           the
           Calender
           of
           witty
           ,
           and
           of
           spirited
           
             Heroes
             .
          
           And
           our
           English
           Court
           of
           late
           yeares
           hath
           drunke
           too
           much
           of
           this
           State
           poyson
           ,
           for
           eyther
           wee
           have
           seene
           favorites
           raysed
           to
           poll
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           razed
           againe
           to
           pacifie
           the
           people
           ;
           or
           else
           (
           which
           is
           worse
           for
           King
           and
           people
           too
           )
           we
           have
           seene
           engines
           of
           mischiefe
           preserved
           against
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           upheld
           against
           Law
           ,
           meerely
           that
           mischeefe
           might
           not
           want
           incouragement
           .
           
             But
             our
             King
             here
             ,
             doth
             acknowledge
             it
             the
             great
             businesse
             of
             his
             coronation
             oath
             to
             protect
             us
             :
          
           And
           I
           hope
           under
           this
           word
           
             protect
             ,
          
           he
           intends
           not
           onely
           to
           shield
           us
           from
           all
           kind
           of
           evill
           ,
           but
           to
           promote
           us
           also
           to
           all
           kind
           of
           Politicall
           happinesse
           according
           to
           his
           utmost
           devoyre
           ,
           and
           I
           hope
           hee
           holds
           himselfe
           bound
           thereunto
           ,
           not
           onely
           by
           his
           oath
           ,
           but
           also
           by
           his
           very
           Office
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           end
           of
           his
           soveraigne
           dignitie
           .
           And
           though
           all
           single
           persons
           ought
           to
           looke
           upon
           the
           late
           Bills
           passed
           by
           the
           King
           as
           matters
           of
           Grace
           with
           all
           thankefulnesse
           and
           humility
           ,
           yet
           the
           King
           himselfe
           looking
           upon
           the
           whole
           State
           ,
           ought
           to
           acknowledge
           that
           hee
           cannot
           merit
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           that
           whatsoever
           he
           hath
           granted
           ,
           if
           it
           be
           for
           the
           prosperity
           of
           his
           people
           (
           but
           much
           more
           for
           their
           ease
           )
           it
           hath
           proceeded
           but
           from
           his
           meere
           dutie
           .
           If
           Ship
           money
           ,
           if
           the
           Starre
           Chamber
           ,
           if
           the
           High
           Commission
           ,
           if
           the
           Votes
           of
           Bishops
           and
           Popish
           Lords
           in
           the
           upper
           House
           ,
           be
           inconsistent
           with
           the
           welfare
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           not
           onely
           honour
           but
           justice
           it selfe
           challenges
           that
           they
           be
           abolisht
           ;
           the
           King
           ought
           not
           to
           account
           that
           a
           profit
           or
           strength
           to
           him
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           losse
           and
           wasting
           to
           the
           people
           ,
           nor
           ought
           he
           to
           thinke
           that
           perisht
           to
           him
           which
           is
           gained
           to
           the
           people
           :
           The
           word
           grace
           sounds
           better
           in
           the
           peoples
           mouthes
           then
           in
           his
           ,
           his
           dignitie
           was
           erected
           to
           preserve
           the
           Commonaltie
           ,
           the
           Commonaltie
           was
           not
           created
           for
           his
           service
           :
           and
           that
           which
           is
           the
           end
           is
           farre
           more
           honorable
           and
           valuable
           in
           nature
           and
           policy
           ,
           then
           that
           which
           is
           the
           meanes
           .
           This
           directs
           us
           then
           to
           the
           transcendent
           
             {non-Roman}
             {non-Roman}
             {non-Roman}
             {non-Roman}
             {non-Roman}
          
           of
           all
           Politiques
           ,
           to
           the
           Paramount
           Law
           that
           shall
           give
           Law
           to
           all
           humane
           Lawes
           whatsoever
           ,
           and
           that
           is
           
             Salus
             Populi
             :
          
           The
           Law
           of
           Prerogative
           it selfe
           ,
           it
           is
           subservient
           to
           this
           Law
           ,
           and
           were
           it
           not
           conducing
           thereunto
           ,
           it
           were
           not
           necessary
           nor
           expedient
           .
           Neither
           can
           the
           right
           of
           conquest
           be
           pleaded
           to
           acquit
           Princes
           of
           that
           which
           is
           due
           to
           the
           people
           as
           the
           Authors
           ,
           or
           ends
           of
           all
           power
           ,
           for
           meere
           force
           cannot
           alter
           the
           course
           of
           nature
           ,
           or
           frustrate
           the
           tenour
           of
           Law
           ,
           and
           if
           it
           could
           ,
           there
           were
           more
           reason
           ,
           why
           the
           people
           might
           justifie
           force
           to
           regaine
           due
           libertie
           ,
           then
           the
           Prince
           might
           to
           subvert
           the
           same
           .
           And
           t
           is
           a
           shamefull
           stupidity
           in
           any
           man
           to
           thinke
           that
           our
           Ancestors
           did
           not
           fight
           more
           nobly
           for
           their
           free
           customes
           and
           Lawes
           ,
           of
           which
           the
           conqueror
           and
           his
           successors
           had
           in
           part
           disinherited
           them
           by
           violence
           and
           perjury
           ,
           then
           they
           which
           put
           them
           to
           such
           conflicts
           ,
           for
           it
           seemes
           unnatural
           to
           me
           that
           any
           nation
           should
           be
           bound
           
           to
           contribute
           its
           owne
           inherent
           puissance
           ,
           meerely
           to
           abet
           Tiranny
           ,
           and
           support
           slavery
           :
           and
           to
           make
           that
           which
           is
           more
           excellent
           ,
           a
           prey
           to
           that
           which
           is
           of
           lesse
           worth
           .
           And
           questionlesse
           a
           native
           Prince
           ,
           if
           meere
           Foree
           be
           right
           ,
           may
           disfranchise
           his
           Subjects
           as
           well
           as
           a
           stranger
           ,
           if
           he
           can
           frame
           a
           sufficient
           party
           ,
           and
           yet
           we
           see
           this
           was
           the
           foolish
           sinne
           of
           
             Rehoboam
             ,
          
           who
           having
           deserted
           and
           reiected
           out
           of
           an
           intollerable
           insolence
           ,
           the
           strength
           of
           ten
           tribes
           ,
           ridiculously
           sought
           to
           reduce
           them
           againe
           with
           the
           strength
           of
           two
           .
           I
           come
           now
           from
           the
           cause
           ,
           which
           conveyes
           Royalty
           ,
           and
           that
           for
           which
           it
           is
           conveyed
           ,
           to
           the
           nature
           of
           the
           conveyance
           .
           The
           word
           
             Trust
          
           is
           frequent
           in
           the
           Kings
           Papers
           ,
           and
           therefore
           I
           conceive
           the
           King
           does
           admit
           that
           his
           interest
           in
           the
           Crowne
           is
           not
           absolute
           ,
           or
           by
           a
           meere
           donation
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           but
           in
           part
           conditionate
           and
           fiduciary
           .
           And
           indeed
           all
           good
           Princes
           without
           any
           expresse
           contract
           betwixt
           them
           and
           their
           Subjects
           ,
           have
           acknowledged
           that
           there
           did
           lie
           a
           great
           and
           high
           trust
           upon
           them
           ;
           nay
           Heathen
           Princes
           that
           have
           beene
           absolute
           ,
           have
           acknowledged
           themselves
           servants
           to
           the
           publike
           ,
           and
           borne
           for
           that
           service
           ,
           and
           professed
           that
           they
           would
           manage
           the
           publike
           weale
           ,
           as
           being
           well
           satisfied
           
             populi
             Rem
             esse
             ,
             non
             suam
             .
          
           And
           we
           cannot
           imagine
           in
           the
           fury
           of
           warre
           ,
           (
           when
           lawes
           have
           the
           least
           vigour
           )
           that
           any
           
             Generalissimo
          
           can
           be
           so
           uncircumscribed
           in
           power
           ,
           but
           that
           if
           he
           should
           turne
           his
           Canons
           upon
           his
           owne
           Souldiers
           ,
           they
           vvere
           
             ipso
             facto
          
           absolved
           of
           all
           obedience
           ,
           and
           of
           all
           oathes
           and
           ties
           of
           allegiance
           vvhatsoever
           for
           that
           time
           ,
           and
           bound
           by
           higher
           dutie
           ,
           to
           seeke
           their
           owne
           preservation
           by
           resistance
           and
           defence
           :
           vvherefore
           if
           there
           bee
           such
           tacite
           trusts
           and
           reservations
           in
           all
           publike
           commands
           ,
           though
           of
           the
           most
           absolute
           nature
           ,
           that
           can
           be
           supposed
           ,
           vve
           cannot
           but
           admit
           ,
           that
           in
           all
           well
           formed
           monarchies
           ,
           vvhere
           kingly
           Prerogative
           has
           any
           limits
           set
           ,
           this
           must
           needs
           be
           one
           necessary
           condition
           ,
           that
           the
           subject
           shall
           live
           both
           safe
           and
           free
           .
           The
           Charter
           of
           nature
           intitles
           all
           Subjects
           of
           all
           Countries
           vvhatsoever
           to
           safetie
           by
           its
           supreame
           Law
           .
           But
           freedome
           indeed
           has
           divers
           degrees
           of
           latitude
           ,
           and
           all
           Countries
           therein
           doe
           not
           participate
           alike
           ,
           but
           positive
           Lawes
           must
           every
           vvhere
           assigne
           those
           degrees
           .
        
         
           The
           great
           Charter
           of
           England
           is
           not
           strait
           in
           Priviledges
           to
           us
           ,
           neither
           is
           the
           Kings
           oath
           of
           small
           strength
           to
           that
           Charter
           ,
           for
           that
           though
           it
           bee
           more
           precise
           in
           the
           care
           of
           Canonicall
           Priviledges
           ,
           and
           of
           Bishops
           and
           Clergymen
           (
           as
           having
           beene
           penned
           by
           Popish
           Bishops
           )
           then
           of
           the
           Commonalty
           ,
           yet
           it
           confirmes
           all
           Lawes
           and
           rightfull
           customes
           ,
           amongst
           vvhich
           vve
           most
           highly
           esteeme
           Parliamentary
           Priviledges
           ;
           and
           as
           for
           the
           word
           
             Eligerit
             ,
          
           whether
           it
           be
           future
           ,
           or
           past
           ,
           it
           skills
           not
           much
           ;
           for
           if
           by
           this
           oaths
           Law
           .
           Justice
           and
           descretion
           be
           executed
           amongst
           us
           in
           all
           judgements
           (
           as
           vvell
           in
           ,
           as
           out
           of
           Parliament
           )
           and
           if
           peace
           and
           godly
           agreement
           be
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           amongst
           us
           all
           ,
           and
           if
           the
           King
           defend
           and
           uphold
           all
           our
           
           lawes
           and
           customes
           ,
           vve
           need
           not
           feare
           but
           the
           King
           is
           bound
           to
           consent
           to
           new
           Lawes
           if
           they
           be
           necessary
           ,
           as
           vvell
           as
           defend
           old
           :
           for
           both
           being
           of
           the
           same
           necessity
           ,
           the
           publique
           trust
           must
           needs
           equally
           extend
           to
           both
           ;
           and
           vve
           conceive
           it
           one
           Parliamentary
           right
           and
           custome
           ,
           that
           nothing
           necessary
           ought
           to
           be
           denyed
           .
           And
           the
           vvord
           
             Eligerit
             ,
          
           if
           it
           be
           in
           the
           
             perfect
             tense
             ,
          
           yet
           shewes
           that
           the
           peoples
           election
           had
           beene
           the
           ground
           of
           ancient
           Lawes
           and
           customes
           ,
           and
           vvhy
           the
           peoples
           election
           in
           Parliament
           should
           not
           be
           now
           of
           as
           great
           moment
           as
           ever
           ,
           I
           cannot
           discover
           .
        
         
           That
           vvhich
           results
           then
           from
           hence
           ,
           is
           ,
           if
           our
           Kings
           receive
           all
           royalty
           from
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           behoofe
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           that
           by
           a
           speciall
           trust
           of
           safety
           and
           libertie
           expressely
           by
           the
           people
           limited
           ,
           and
           by
           their
           owne
           grants
           and
           oathes
           ratified
           ,
           then
           our
           Kings
           cannot
           be
           sayd
           to
           have
           so
           unconditionate
           and
           high
           a
           proprietie
           in
           all
           our
           lives
           ,
           liberties
           and
           possessions
           ,
           or
           in
           any
           thing
           else
           to
           the
           Crowne
           appertayning
           ,
           as
           vve
           have
           in
           their
           dignity
           ,
           or
           in
           our selves
           ,
           and
           indeed
           if
           they
           had
           ,
           they
           vvere
           not
           borne
           for
           the
           people
           ,
           but
           merely
           for
           themselves
           ,
           neither
           were
           it
           lawfull
           or
           naturall
           for
           them
           to
           expose
           their
           lives
           and
           fortunes
           for
           their
           Country
           ,
           as
           they
           have
           beene
           hitherto
           bound
           to
           doe
           ,
           according
           to
           that
           of
           our
           Saviour
           ,
           
             Bonus
             Pastor
             ponit
             vitam
             pro
             ovibus
             .
          
           But
           now
           of
           Parliaments
           :
           Parliaments
           have
           the
           same
           efficient
           cause
           as
           monarchies
           ,
           if
           not
           higher
           ,
           for
           in
           the
           truth
           ,
           the
           vvhole
           Kingdome
           is
           not
           so
           properly
           the
           Author
           as
           the
           essence
           it selfe
           of
           Parliaments
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           former
           rule
           t
           is
           
             magic
             tale
             ,
          
           because
           vve
           see
           
             ipsum
             quid
             quod
             efficit
             tale
             .
          
           And
           it
           is
           I
           thinke
           beyond
           all
           controversie
           ,
           that
           God
           and
           the
           Law
           operate
           as
           the
           same
           causes
           ,
           both
           in
           Kings
           and
           Parliaments
           ,
           for
           God
           favours
           both
           ,
           and
           the
           Law
           establishes
           both
           ,
           and
           the
           act
           of
           men
           still
           concurres
           in
           the
           sustentation
           of
           both
           .
           And
           not
           to
           stay
           longer
           upon
           this
           ,
           Parliaments
           have
           also
           the
           same
           finall
           cause
           as
           Monarchies
           ,
           if
           not
           greater
           ,
           for
           indeed
           publike
           safety
           and
           liberty
           could
           not
           be
           so
           effectually
           provided
           for
           by
           Monarchs
           till
           Parliaments
           were
           constituted
           ,
           for
           the
           supplying
           of
           all
           defects
           in
           that
           Government
           .
        
         
           Two
           things
           especially
           are
           aymed
           at
           in
           Parliaments
           ,
           not
           to
           be
           attayned
           to
           by
           other
           meanes
           .
           First
           that
           the
           interest
           of
           the
           people
           might
           be
           satisfied
           ;
           secondly
           that
           Kings
           might
           be
           the
           better
           counsailed
           .
           In
           the
           summons
           of
           
             Edw.
          
           the
           first
           
             (
             Claus.
             7.
             111.
             3.
             Dors.
             )
          
           we
           see
           the
           first
           end
           of
           Parliaments
           expressed
           :
           for
           he
           inserts
           in
           the
           writ
           that
           whatsoever
           affayre
           is
           of
           publike
           concernment
           ,
           ought
           to
           receive
           publike
           approbation
           ,
           
             quod
             omnes
             tangit
             ab
             omnibus
             approbari
             debet
             ,
          
           or
           
             tructari
             .
          
           And
           in
           the
           same
           writ
           he
           saith
           ,
           this
           is
           
             l●x
             ne
             tissima
             &
             provida
             circumspectione
             stabilita
             ,
          
           there
           is
           not
           a
           word
           here
           ,
           but
           it
           is
           observeable
           ,
           publique
           approbation
           ,
           consent
           ,
           or
           treatie
           is
           necessary
           in
           all
           publike
           expedients
           ,
           and
           this
           is
           not
           a
           meere
           usage
           in
           England
           ,
           but
           a
           Law
           ,
           and
           this
           Law
           is
           not
           subject
           to
           any
           doubt
           or
           dispute
           ,
           there
           is
           nothing
           more
           
           knowne
           ,
           neither
           is
           this
           knowne
           Law
           extorted
           from
           Kings
           ,
           by
           the
           violence
           and
           injustice
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           it
           is
           duely
           and
           formally
           establisht
           ,
           and
           that
           upon
           a
           great
           deale
           of
           reason
           ,
           not
           without
           the
           providence
           and
           circumspection
           of
           all
           the
           states
           .
           Were
           there
           no
           further
           Antiquity
           ,
           but
           the
           raigne
           of
           
             Edward
          
           the
           first
           to
           recommend
           this
           to
           us
           ,
           certainly
           so
           ,
           there
           ought
           no
           reverence
           to
           be
           withheld
           from
           it
           ,
           for
           this
           Prince
           was
           wise
           ,
           fortunate
           ,
           just
           ,
           and
           valiant
           beyond
           all
           his
           Predecessors
           ,
           if
           not
           successors
           also
           ,
           and
           therefore
           it
           is
           the
           more
           glory
           to
           our
           freedomes
           ,
           that
           as
           weake
           and
           peevish
           Princes
           had
           most
           opposed
           them
           ,
           so
           that
           he
           first
           repaired
           the
           breaches
           which
           the
           conquest
           had
           made
           upon
           them
           .
           And
           yet
           it
           is
           very
           probable
           that
           this
           Law
           was
           farre
           ancienter
           then
           his
           raigne
           ,
           and
           the
           words
           
             lex
             stabilita
             &
             notissima
          
           seemes
           to
           intimate
           ,
           that
           the
           conquest
           it selfe
           ,
           had
           never
           wholly
           buried
           this
           in
           the
           publike
           ruine
           and
           confusion
           of
           the
           State
           .
           It
           should
           seeme
           at
           this
           time
           
             Llewcllins
          
           troubles
           in
           Wales
           were
           not
           quite
           suppressed
           ,
           and
           the
           French
           King
           was
           upon
           a
           designe
           to
           invade
           some
           peeces
           of
           ours
           in
           France
           ,
           and
           therefore
           he
           sends
           out
           this
           summons
           
             ad
             tractandum
             ordinandum
             ,
             &
             faciendum
             cum
             Prelatis
             Proceris
             &
             aliis
             incolis
             Regni
             ,
          
           for
           the
           prevention
           of
           these
           dangers
           :
           These
           words
           
             tractandum
             ,
             ordinandum
             ,
             faciendum
             ,
          
           doe
           fully
           prove
           that
           the
           people
           in
           those
           dayes
           were
           summoned
           
             ad
             consensum
             ,
          
           as
           well
           as
           
             ad
             concilium
             ,
          
           and
           this
           Law
           ,
           
             quod
             omnes
             tangit
             ,
             &c.
          
           shewes
           the
           reason
           and
           ground
           upon
           which
           that
           consent
           and
           approbation
           is
           founded
           .
           It
           is
           true
           we
           finde
           in
           the
           raigne
           of
           
             Edward
          
           the
           third
           ,
           that
           the
           Commons
           did
           desire
           that
           they
           might
           forbeare
           counselling
           in
           things
           
             de
             queux
             ils
             nount
             pas
             cognizance
             ;
          
           the
           matters
           in
           debate
           were
           concerning
           some
           intestine
           commotions
           ,
           the
           guarding
           of
           the
           Marches
           of
           Scotland
           and
           the
           Seas
           ;
           and
           therein
           they
           renounce
           not
           their
           right
           of
           consent
           ,
           they
           onely
           excuse
           themselves
           in
           point
           of
           counsell
           ,
           referring
           it
           rather
           to
           the
           King
           and
           his
           Counsell
           .
           How
           this
           shall
           derogate
           from
           Parliaments
           either
           in
           point
           of
           consent
           or
           counsell
           I
           do
           not
           know
           ,
           for
           at
           last
           they
           did
           give
           both
           ,
           and
           the
           King
           vvould
           not
           be
           satisfied
           vvithout
           them
           ,
           and
           the
           passage
           evinces
           no
           more
           but
           this
           ,
           that
           that
           King
           was
           very
           wise
           and
           Warlike
           ,
           and
           had
           a
           very
           wise
           counsell
           of
           vvarre
           ,
           so
           that
           in
           those
           paticulars
           the
           Commons
           thought
           them
           most
           fit
           to
           be
           consulted
           ,
           as
           perhaps
           the
           more
           knowing
           men
           .
        
         
           Now
           upon
           a
           due
           comparing
           of
           these
           passages
           with
           some
           of
           the
           Kings
           late
           Papers
           let
           the
           vvorld
           judge
           whether
           Parliaments
           have
           not
           beene
           of
           late
           much
           lessened
           and
           injured
           .
           The
           King
           in
           one
           of
           his
           late
           Answers
           ,
           
             Alleadges
             that
             his
             Writs
             may
             teach
             the
             Lords
             and
             Commons
             the
             extent
             of
             their
             Commission
             and
             trust
             ,
             which
             is
             to
             be
             Counsellors
             ,
             not
             commanders
             ,
             and
             that
             not
             in
             all
             things
             ,
             but
             in
             quibusdam
             arduiis
             ,
          
           and
           the
           case
           of
           
             Wentworth
          
           is
           cited
           ,
           who
           was
           by
           Queene
           
             Elizabeth
          
           committed
           (
           sitting
           the
           Parliament
           )
           for
           
           proposing
           that
           they
           might
           advise
           the
           Queene
           in
           some
           things
           ,
           which
           she
           thought
           beyond
           their
           cognizance
           ,
           although
           
             Wentworth
          
           was
           then
           of
           the
           House
           of
           Commons
           .
        
         
           And
           in
           other
           places
           the
           
             King
             denies
             the
             assembly
             of
             the
          
           Lords
           and
           Commons
           when
           he
           withdrawes
           himselfe
           ,
           to
           be
           rightly
           named
           a
           Parliament
           ,
           or
           to
           have
           any
           power
           of
           any
           Court
           ,
           and
           consequently
           to
           be
           any
           thing
           ,
           but
           a
           meere
           convention
           of
           so
           many
           private
           men
           .
        
         
           Many
           things
           are
           here
           asserted
           utterly
           destructive
           to
           the
           honour
           ,
           right
           ,
           &
           being
           of
           Parliaments
           .
           For
           first
           ,
           because
           the
           Law
           had
           trusted
           the
           King
           with
           a
           Prerogative
           to
           discontinue
           Parliaments
           :
           therefore
           if
           he
           did
           discontinue
           Parliaments
           to
           the
           danger
           or
           prejudice
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           this
           was
           no
           breach
           of
           that
           trust
           ,
           because
           in
           formalitie
           of
           Law
           the
           people
           might
           not
           assemble
           in
           Parliament
           but
           by
           the
           Kings
           writ
           ,
           therefore
           in
           right
           and
           equity
           they
           were
           concluded
           also
           ,
           so
           that
           if
           the
           King
           would
           not
           graunt
           his
           Writ
           ,
           when
           it
           was
           expedient
           ,
           he
           did
           not
           proove
           unfaithfull
           ,
           or
           doe
           any
           wrong
           to
           the
           people
           ;
           for
           where
           no
           remedy
           is
           ,
           there
           is
           no
           right
           .
           This
           doctrine
           was
           mischievous
           to
           us
           when
           the
           King
           had
           a
           Prerogative
           to
           difuse
           Parliaments
           ,
           and
           if
           it
           be
           not
           now
           exploded
           and
           protested
           against
           ,
           may
           yet
           bee
           mischievous
           in
           the
           future
           dissolution
           of
           Parliaments
           ,
           for
           that
           power
           still
           remaines
           in
           the
           Kings
           trust
           ;
           and
           if
           to
           goe
           against
           the
           intent
           of
           trnst
           be
           no
           wrong
           ,
           because
           perhaps
           it
           is
           remedilesse
           ,
           our
           Trienniall
           Parliaments
           may
           prove
           but
           of
           little
           service
           to
           us
           ;
           
             Secondly
             when
             Parliaments
             are
             assembled
             they
             have
             no
             Commission
             to
             Counsell
             but
             in
             such
             points
             as
             the
             King
             pleases
             to
             propose
             ,
          
           if
           they
           make
           any
           
             transition
             in
             other
             matters
             ,
             they
             are
             liable
             to
             imprisonment
             at
             the
             Kings
             pleasure
             ,
             witnesse
          
           Wentworths
           
             Case
             .
          
           A
           meere
           example
           (
           though
           of
           Queene
           
             Elizabeth
             )
          
           is
           no
           Law
           ,
           for
           some
           of
           her
           actions
           were
           retracted
           ,
           and
           yet
           without
           question
           Queene
           
             Elizabeth
          
           might
           do
           that
           which
           a
           Prince
           lesse
           beloved
           could
           never
           have
           done
           :
           There
           is
           a
           way
           by
           goodnesse
           and
           clemency
           for
           Princes
           to
           make
           themselves
           almost
           unlimitable
           ,
           and
           this
           way
           Queene
           
             Elizabeth
          
           went
           ,
           and
           without
           doubt
           had
           her
           goodnesse
           and
           Grace
           beene
           fained
           ,
           shee
           might
           have
           usurped
           an
           uncontroleable
           arbitrary
           lawlesse
           Empire
           over
           us
           .
           The
           Sunne
           sooner
           makes
           the
           travailour
           desert
           his
           Cloake
           ,
           then
           the
           wind
           ;
           And
           the
           gracious
           acts
           of
           soft
           Princes
           (
           such
           as
           
             Tiberius
          
           did
           at
           first
           personate
           )
           if
           they
           be
           perfectly
           dissembled
           may
           more
           easily
           invade
           the
           subiects
           liberty
           then
           the
           furious
           proceedings
           of
           such
           as
           
             Caligula
          
           was
           ,
           but
           we
           must
           not
           be
           presidented
           in
           apparent
           violations
           of
           Law
           by
           Queene
           
             Elizabeth
             ;
          
           for
           as
           generall
           reverence
           gave
           her
           power
           to
           doe
           more
           then
           ordinary
           ,
           so
           her
           perfect
           undissembled
           goodnesse
           ,
           upon
           which
           her
           reverence
           was
           firmely
           planted
           ,
           made
           the
           same
           more
           then
           ordinary
           fact
           in
           her
           ,
           lesse
           dangerous
           then
           it
           would
           have
           beene
           
           in
           another
           Prince
           .
           In
           this
           point
           then
           leaving
           the
           meere
           fact
           of
           Queene
           
             Elizabeth
             ;
          
           wee
           will
           retire
           backe
           to
           the
           ancient
           Law
           and
           reason
           of
           
             Edward
          
           the
           first
           ,
           and
           wee
           thereby
           shall
           maintaine
           that
           in
           all
           cases
           wheresoever
           the
           generality
           is
           touched
           ,
           the
           generality
           must
           bee
           consulted
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           if
           the
           Lords
           and
           Commons
           bee
           admitted
           to
           some
           Cognizance
           of
           all
           things
           wherein
           they
           are
           concerned
           ,
           yet
           they
           must
           meerely
           Counsell
           ,
           they
           must
           not
           command
           ,
           and
           the
           King
           Reasons
           thus
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           impossible
           the
           same
           trust
           should
           bee
           irrevocably
           committed
           to
           Vs
           ,
           and
           our
           Heires
           for
           ever
           ,
           and
           yet
           a
           power
           above
           that
           trust
           (
           for
           so
           the
           Parliament
           pretends
           )
           bee
           committed
           to
           others
           ,
           and
           the
           Parliament
           being
           a
           body
           and
           dissolvable
           at
           pleasure
           ,
           it
           is
           strange
           if
           they
           should
           bee
           guardians
           and
           controlers
           in
           the
           manage
           of
           that
           trust
           which
           is
           granted
           to
           the
           King
           for
           ever
           .
           
             It
             is
             true
             ,
             two
             supreames
             cannot
             bee
             in
             the
             same
             sence
             and
             respect
             ,
             but
             nothing
             is
             more
             knowne
             or
             assented
             to
             then
             this
             ,
             that
             the
             King
             is
          
           singulis
           major
           ,
           
             and
             yet
          
           universis
           minor
           ,
           
             this
             wee
             see
             in
             all
             conditionall
             Princes
             ,
             such
             as
             the
             Prince
             of
          
           Orange
           ,
           &c.
           
        
         
           And
           though
           all
           Monarchies
           are
           not
           subject
           to
           the
           same
           condition
           ,
           yet
           there
           scarse
           is
           any
           Monarchy
           but
           is
           subiect
           to
           some
           conditions
           ,
           and
           I
           thinke
           to
           the
           most
           absolute
           Empire
           in
           the
           world
           this
           condition
           is
           most
           naturall
           and
           necessary
           ,
           That
           the
           safetie
           of
           the
           people
           is
           to
           bee
           valued
           above
           any
           right
           of
           his
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           the
           end
           is
           to
           bee
           preferred
           before
           the
           meanes
           ;
           it
           is
           not
           just
           nor
           possible
           for
           any
           nation
           so
           to
           inslave
           it selfe
           ,
           and
           to
           resigne
           its
           owne
           interest
           to
           the
           will
           of
           one
           Lord
           ,
           as
           that
           that
           Lord
           may
           destroy
           it
           without
           injury
           ,
           and
           yet
           to
           have
           no
           right
           to
           preserve
           it selfe
           :
           For
           since
           all
           naturall
           power
           is
           in
           those
           which
           obay
           ,
           they
           which
           contract
           to
           obay
           to
           their
           owne
           ruine
           ,
           or
           having
           so
           contracted
           ,
           they
           which
           esteeme
           such
           a
           contract
           before
           their
           owne
           preservation
           are
           felonious
           to
           themselves
           ,
           and
           rebellious
           to
           nature
           .
        
         
           The
           people
           then
           having
           intrusted
           their
           protection
           into
           the
           Kings
           hands
           irrevocably
           ,
           yet
           have
           not
           left
           that
           trust
           without
           all
           manner
           of
           limits
           ,
           some
           things
           they
           have
           reserved
           to
           themselves
           out
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           some
           thing
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           this
           reservation
           is
           not
           at
           all
           inconsistent
           with
           the
           Princes
           trust
           ,
           though
           hee
           desire
           to
           violate
           the
           same
           ;
           but
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           it
           is
           very
           ayding
           and
           strengthning
           to
           that
           trust
           ,
           so
           farre
           as
           the
           Prince
           seekes
           to
           performe
           it
           ,
           for
           the
           peoples
           good
           ;
           but
           it
           is
           objected
           ,
           that
           a
           temporary
           power
           ought
           not
           to
           bee
           greater
           then
           that
           which
           is
           lasting
           and
           unalterable
           ,
           if
           this
           were
           so
           ,
           the
           
           Romans
           had
           done
           unpolitikely
           ,
           in
           creating
           Dictators
           ,
           when
           any
           great
           extremitie
           assailed
           them
           ,
           and
           yet
           wee
           know
           it
           was
           verie
           prosperous
           to
           them
           ,
           sometimes
           to
           change
           the
           forme
           of
           government
           ;
           neither
           alwayes
           living
           under
           circumscribed
           Consuls
           ,
           nor
           yet
           under
           uncircumscribed
           Dictators
           :
           but
           it
           in
           further
           objected
           ,
           that
           if
           wee
           allow
           the
           Lords
           and
           Commons
           
             to
             be
             more
             than
             Councellors
             ,
             we
             make
             them
             Commanders
             and
             Controllers
             ,
             and
             this
             is
             not
             sutable
             to
             Royaltie
             .
          
           We
           say
           here
           ,
           that
           to
           consent
           is
           more
           than
           to
           counsell
           ,
           and
           yet
           not
           alwayes
           so
           much
           as
           to
           command
           and
           controll
           ;
           for
           in
           inferiour
           Courts
           ,
           the
           Judges
           are
           so
           Councellors
           for
           the
           King
           ,
           as
           that
           the
           King
           may
           not
           countermand
           their
           judgements
           ,
           and
           yet
           it
           were
           an
           harsh
           thing
           to
           say
           ,
           that
           they
           are
           therfore
           Guardians
           and
           Controllers
           of
           the
           King
           :
           and
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           where
           the
           Lords
           and
           Commons
           represent
           the
           whole
           Kingdome
           ,
           (
           to
           whom
           so
           great
           a
           Majestie
           is
           due
           )
           and
           sit
           in
           a
           far
           higher
           capacitie
           than
           inferiour
           Judges
           doe
           ,
           being
           vested
           with
           a
           right
           both
           to
           counsell
           and
           consent
           ,
           the
           case
           is
           far
           stronger
           ;
           and
           as
           wee
           ought
           not
           to
           conceive
           ,
           that
           they
           will
           either
           counsell
           or
           consent
           to
           any
           thing
           ,
           but
           what
           is
           publikely
           advantagious
           ;
           so
           by
           such
           Councell
           and
           consent
           ,
           wee
           cannot
           imagine
           the
           King
           limited
           or
           lessened
           :
           for
           if
           it
           was
           by
           so
           knowne
           a
           Law
           ,
           and
           so
           wisely
           established
           in
           
             Edward
          
           the
           firsts
           dayes
           ,
           the
           right
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           to
           be
           summoned
           at
           
             tractandum
             ,
             ordinandum
             ,
             faciendum
             ,
             approbandum
             ,
          
           in
           all
           things
           appertaining
           to
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           this
           as
           then
           was
           not
           prejudiciall
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           why
           should
           the
           Kings
           Writ
           now
           abbreviate
           or
           annull
           the
           same
           ,
           if
           the
           King
           himselfe
           be
           disable
           for
           many
           high
           matters
           ,
           till
           consent
           in
           Parliament
           adde
           vigour
           to
           him
           ,
           it
           cannot
           be
           supposed
           that
           hee
           comes
           thither
           meerly
           to
           heare
           Councell
           ,
           or
           that
           when
           he
           is
           more
           than
           councelled
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           any
           derogation
           ,
           but
           rather
           a
           supply
           of
           vertue
           to
           him
           .
           A
           fourth
           thing
           alleaged
           to
           the
           derogation
           of
           Parliaments
           is
           ,
           
             That
             whatsoever
             the
             right
             of
             Parliaments
             is
             to
             assemble
             or
             treat
             in
             all
             cases
             of
             a
             publique
             nature
             ,
             yet
             without
             the
             Kings
             concurrence
             and
             consent
             ,
             they
             are
             livelesse
             conventions
             without
             all
             vertue
             and
             power
             ,
             the
             verie
             name
             of
             Parliament
             is
             not
             due
             to
             them
             .
          
           This
           allegation
           at
           one
           blow
           confounds
           all
           Parliaments
           ,
           and
           subjects
           us
           to
           as
           unbounded
           a
           regiment
           of
           the
           Kings
           meere
           will
           ,
           as
           any
           Nation
           under
           Heaven
           ever
           suffered
           under
           .
           For
           by
           the
           same
           reason
           ,
           that
           Parliaments
           are
           thus
           vertulesse
           and
           void
           Courts
           ,
           upon
           the
           Kings
           desertion
           of
           them
           ,
           other
           Courts
           must
           needs
           be
           
           the
           like
           ,
           &
           then
           what
           remains
           ,
           but
           that
           all
           our
           lawes
           ,
           rights
           ,
           &
           liberties
           ,
           be
           either
           no where
           at
           all
           determinable
           ,
           or
           else
           onely
           in
           the
           Kings
           breast
           ?
           We
           contend
           not
           meerly
           about
           the
           name
           Parliament
           ,
           for
           the
           same
           thing
           was
           before
           that
           name
           ,
           and
           therfore
           the
           intent
           is
           ,
           that
           the
           great
           Assembly
           of
           the
           Lords
           and
           Commons
           doe
           not
           represent
           and
           appeare
           in
           the
           right
           of
           the
           whole
           Kingdome
           ,
           or
           else
           that
           there
           is
           no
           honour
           ,
           nor
           power
           ,
           nor
           judicature
           ,
           residing
           in
           that
           great
           and
           Majesticall
           Body
           ,
           then
           which
           ,
           scarce
           any
           thing
           can
           be
           more
           unnaturall
           .
           But
           these
           divisions
           betweene
           the
           King
           and
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           betwixt
           the
           Parliament
           and
           Kingdome
           ,
           seeming
           more
           uncouth
           ,
           't
           is
           attempted
           to
           divide
           further
           betweene
           part
           and
           part
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           so
           making
           the
           major
           part
           not
           fully
           concluding
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           major
           part
           ,
           between
           a
           faction
           misleading
           ,
           and
           a
           party
           mislead
           .
           Such
           excellent
           Masters
           of
           devision
           has
           
             Machiavils
          
           rule
           
             (
             divide
             &
             impera
             )
          
           made
           since
           the
           3
           of
           
             November
             1640.
             
          
           'T
           is
           a
           wonderfull
           thing
           ,
           that
           the
           Kings
           Papers
           being
           frayted
           scarce
           with
           any
           thing
           else
           but
           such
           doctrines
           of
           division
           ,
           tending
           all
           to
           the
           subversion
           of
           our
           ancient
           fundamentall
           constitutions
           which
           support
           all
           our
           ancient
           liberties
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           erection
           of
           arbitrary
           rule
           ,
           should
           finde
           such
           applause
           in
           the
           world
           :
           but
           we
           say
           further
           ,
           that
           there
           is
           manifest
           difference
           between
           deserting
           and
           being
           deserted
           :
           if
           the
           wife
           leave
           her
           husbands
           bed
           ,
           and
           become
           an
           adulteresse
           ,
           't
           is
           good
           reason
           that
           shee
           loose
           her
           dowry
           ,
           and
           the
           reputation
           of
           a
           wife
           ,
           but
           if
           the
           husband
           will
           causelesly
           reject
           her
           ,
           't
           is
           great
           injustice
           that
           she
           should
           suffer
           any
           detriment
           thereby
           ,
           or
           be
           dismissed
           of
           any
           priviledge
           whatsoever
           .
           So
           if
           the
           King
           have
           parted
           from
           His
           Parliament
           ,
           meerely
           because
           they
           sought
           His
           oppression
           ,
           and
           he
           had
           no
           other
           meanes
           to
           withstand
           their
           tyranny
           ,
           let
           this
           proclaime
           them
           a
           voyd
           Assembly
           :
           but
           if
           ill
           Counsaile
           have
           withdrawne
           him
           ,
           for
           this
           wicked
           end
           meerely
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           defeat
           this
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           derogate
           from
           the
           fundamentall
           rights
           of
           all
           Parliaments
           (
           as
           His
           Papers
           seeme
           to
           expresse
           )
           under
           colour
           of
           charging
           some
           few
           factious
           persons
           in
           this
           Parliament
           ,
           (
           God
           forbid
           )
           that
           this
           should
           disable
           them
           from
           saving
           themselves
           and
           the
           whole
           state
           ,
           or
           from
           seeking
           justice
           against
           their
           enemies
           .
           So
           much
           of
           the
           Subjects
           right
           in
           Parliament
           .
        
         
           Now
           of
           that
           right
           which
           the
           Parliament
           may
           doe
           the
           King
           by
           Councell
           ,
           if
           the
           King
           could
           bee
           more
           wisely
           or
           faithfully
           
           advised
           by
           any
           other
           Court
           ,
           or
           if
           His
           single
           judgement
           were
           to
           be
           preferred
           before
           all
           advise
           whatsoever
           ,
           't
           were
           not
           onely
           vaine
           ,
           but
           extreamely
           inconvenient
           ,
           that
           the
           whole
           Kingdome
           should
           be
           troubled
           to
           make
           Elections
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           parties
           elected
           should
           attend
           the
           publique
           businesse
           ;
           but
           little
           need
           to
           bee
           said
           ,
           I
           thinke
           every
           mans
           heart
           tels
           him
           ,
           that
           in
           publique
           Consultations
           ,
           the
           many
           eyes
           of
           so
           many
           choyce
           Gentlemen
           out
           of
           all
           parts
           ,
           see
           more
           then
           fewer
           ,
           and
           the
           great
           interest
           the
           Parliament
           has
           in
           common
           justice
           and
           tranquility
           ,
           and
           the
           few
           private
           ends
           they
           can
           have
           to
           deprave
           them
           ,
           must
           needs
           render
           their
           Counsell
           more
           faithfull
           ,
           impartiall
           ,
           and
           religious
           ,
           then
           any
           other
           .
           That
           dislike
           which
           the
           Court
           has
           ever
           conceived
           against
           Parliaments
           ,
           without
           all
           dispute
           is
           a
           most
           pregnant
           proofe
           of
           the
           integrity
           ,
           and
           salubrity
           of
           that
           publique
           advise
           ,
           and
           is
           no
           disparagement
           thereof
           ;
           for
           we
           have
           ever
           found
           enmity
           and
           antipathy
           betwixt
           the
           Court
           and
           the
           countrey
           ,
           but
           never
           any
           till
           now
           betwixt
           the
           Representatives
           ,
           and
           the
           Body
           ,
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           represented
           .
           And
           were
           we
           not
           now
           ,
           those
           dregges
           of
           humane
           race
           upon
           whom
           the
           unhappy
           ends
           of
           the
           world
           are
           fallen
           ,
           Calumny
           and
           Envie
           herselfe
           would
           never
           have
           attempted
           ,
           to
           obtrude
           upon
           us
           such
           impossible
           charges
           of
           Treason
           and
           Rebellion
           against
           our
           most
           sacred
           Councell
           ,
           from
           the
           mouthes
           of
           Popish
           ,
           Prelaticall
           ,
           and
           Military
           Courtiers
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           sayes
           ;
           
             'T
             is
             imp●obable
             and
             impossible
             that
             His
             Cabinet
             Counsellours
             ,
             or
             his
             Bishops
             or
             seuldiers
             ,
             who
             must
             have
             so
             great
             a
             share
             in
             the
             misery
             ,
             should
             take
             such
             paines
             in
             the
             procuring
             thereof
             ,
             and
             spend
             so
             much
             time
             ,
             and
             run
             so
             many
             hazards
             to
             make
             themselves
             slaves
             ,
             and
             to
             ruine
             the
             freedome
             of
             this
             Nation
             :
          
           how
           strange
           is
           this
           ?
           wee
           have
           had
           almost
           40
           yeeres
           experience
           ,
           that
           the
           Court
           way
           of
           preferment
           has
           beene
           by
           doing
           publicke
           ill
           Offices
           ,
           and
           we
           can
           nominate
           what
           Dukes
           ,
           what
           Earles
           ,
           what
           Lords
           ,
           what
           Knights
           ,
           have
           been
           made
           great
           and
           rich
           by
           base
           disservices
           to
           the
           State
           :
           and
           except
           Master
           
             Hollis
          
           his
           rich
           Widow
           ,
           I
           never
           heard
           that
           promotion
           came
           to
           any
           man
           by
           serving
           in
           Parliament
           :
           but
           I
           have
           heard
           of
           trouble
           and
           imprisonment
           ,
           but
           now
           see
           the
           traverse
           of
           fortune
           ;
           The
           Court
           is
           now
           turned
           honest
           ,
           my
           Lord
           of
           
             Straffords
          
           death
           has
           wrought
           a
           sudden
           conversion
           amongst
           them
           ,
           and
           there
           is
           no
           other
           feare
           now
           ,
           but
           that
           a
           few
           Hypocrites
           in
           Parliament
           will
           beguile
           the
           major
           part
           there
           ,
           and
           
           so
           usurpe
           over
           King
           ,
           Kingdome
           ,
           and
           Parliament
           for
           ever
           ,
           sure
           this
           is
           next
           to
           a
           prodigy
           ,
           if
           it
           be
           not
           one
           :
           but
           let
           us
           consider
           the
           Lords
           and
           Commons
           as
           meere
           Counsellors
           without
           any
           power
           or
           right
           of
           Counselling
           or
           consenting
           ,
           yet
           wee
           shall
           see
           if
           they
           be
           not
           lesse
           knowing
           and
           faithfull
           than
           other
           men
           ,
           they
           ought
           not
           to
           be
           deserted
           ,
           unlesse
           we
           will
           allow
           that
           the
           King
           may
           cause
           whither
           he
           will
           admit
           of
           any
           counsell
           at
           all
           or
           no
           ,
           in
           the
           disposing
           of
           our
           lives
           ,
           lands
           ,
           and
           liberties
           .
           But
           the
           King
           sayes
           ,
           
             that
             he
             is
             not
             bound
             to
             renounce
             his
             owne
             understanding
             ,
             or
             to
             contradict
             his
             owne
             conscience
             for
             any
             Counsellors
             sake
             whatsoever
             .
          
           'T
           is
           granted
           in
           things
           visible
           and
           certaine
           ,
           that
           judge
           which
           is
           a
           sole
           judge
           and
           has
           competent
           power
           to
           see
           his
           owne
           judgement
           executed
           ,
           ought
           not
           to
           determine
           against
           the
           light
           of
           nature
           ,
           or
           evidence
           of
           fact
           .
        
         
           The
           sinne
           of
           
             Pilate
          
           was
           ,
           that
           when
           he
           might
           have
           saved
           our
           Saviour
           from
           an
           unjust
           death
           ,
           yet
           upon
           accusations
           contradictory
           in
           themselves
           ,
           contrary
           to
           strange
           Revelations
           from
           Heaven
           ,
           he
           would
           suffer
           Innocence
           to
           fall
           ,
           and
           passe
           sentence
           of
           death
           ,
           meerly
           to
           satisfie
           a
           bloud-thirsty
           multitude
           .
           But
           otherwise
           it
           was
           in
           my
           Lord
           of
           
             Straffords
          
           case
           ,
           for
           there
           the
           King
           was
           not
           sole
           Judge
           ,
           nay
           ,
           he
           was
           uncapeable
           of
           sitting
           as
           judge
           at
           all
           ,
           and
           the
           delinquent
           was
           legally
           condemned
           ,
           and
           such
           heynous
           matters
           had
           beene
           proved
           against
           him
           ,
           that
           his
           greatest
           friends
           were
           ashamed
           to
           justifie
           them
           ,
           and
           all
           impartiall
           men
           of
           three
           whole
           Kingdomes
           conceived
           them
           mortall
           ;
           and
           therefore
           the
           King
           might
           therin
           ,
           with
           a
           clear
           conscience
           have
           signed
           a
           warrant
           for
           his
           death
           ,
           though
           he
           had
           dissented
           from
           the
           judgement
           .
           So
           if
           one
           judge
           on
           the
           same
           bench
           ,
           dissent
           from
           three
           ,
           or
           one
           juror
           at
           the
           barre
           from
           a
           eleven
           ,
           they
           may
           submit
           to
           the
           major
           number
           ,
           though
           perhaps
           lesse
           skilfull
           then
           themselves
           without
           imputation
           of
           guilt
           :
           and
           if
           it
           be
           thus
           in
           matters
           of
           Law
           ,
           
             a
             fortiori
             ,
          
           't
           is
           so
           in
           matters
           of
           State
           ,
           where
           the
           very
           satisfying
           of
           a
           multitude
           sometimes
           in
           things
           not
           otherwise
           expedient
           ,
           may
           proove
           not
           onely
           expedient
           ,
           but
           necessary
           for
           the
           setling
           of
           peace
           ,
           and
           ceasing
           of
           strife
           .
           For
           example
           :
           It
           was
           the
           request
           of
           the
           whole
           Kingdome
           in
           the
           Parliament
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           to
           intrust
           the
           
             Militiae
             ,
          
           and
           the
           Magazine
           of
           
             Hull
             ,
             &c.
          
           into
           such
           hands
           as
           were
           in
           the
           peoples
           good
           esteeme
           .
           Conscience
           and
           understanding
           could
           plead
           nothing
           against
           this
           ,
           and
           if
           it
           could
           have
           beene
           averred
           (
           as
           it
           
           could
           not
           ,
           for
           the
           contrary
           was
           true
           )
           that
           this
           would
           have
           bred
           disturbance
           ,
           and
           have
           beene
           the
           occasion
           of
           greater
           danger
           ,
           yet
           Where
           the
           people
           by
           publique
           authority
           will
           seeke
           any
           inconvenience
           to
           themselves
           ,
           and
           the
           King
           is
           not
           so
           much
           intressed
           in
           it
           as
           themselves
           ,
           't
           is
           more
           inconvenience
           and
           injustice
           to
           deny
           then
           grant
           it
           :
           what
           blame
           is
           it
           then
           in
           Princes
           when
           they
           will
           pretend
           reluctance
           of
           conscience
           and
           reason
           in
           things
           behoofull
           for
           the
           people
           ?
           and
           will
           use
           their
           fiduciarie
           power
           in
           denying
           just
           things
           ,
           as
           if
           they
           might
           lawfully
           do
           whatsoever
           they
           have
           power
           to
           do
           ,
           when
           the
           contrary
           is
           the
           truth
           ,
           and
           they
           have
           no
           power
           to
           do
           but
           what
           is
           lawfull
           and
           fit
           to
           be
           done
           .
           So
           much
           for
           the
           ends
           of
           Parliamentary
           power
           .
           I
           come
           now
           to
           the
           true
           nature
           of
           it
           ,
           publike
           consent
           :
           we
           see
           consent
           as
           well
           as
           counsell
           is
           requisite
           and
           due
           in
           Parliament
           and
           that
           being
           the
           proper
           foundation
           of
           all
           power
           (
           for
           
             omnis
             Potestas
             fundata
             est
             in
             voluntate
             )
          
           we
           cannot
           imagine
           that
           publique
           consent
           should
           be
           anywhere
           more
           vigorous
           or
           more
           orderly
           than
           it
           is
           in
           Parliament
           .
           Man
           being
           depraved
           by
           the
           fall
           of
           
             Adam
          
           grew
           so
           untame
           and
           uncivill
           a
           creature
           ,
           that
           the
           Law
           of
           God
           written
           in
           his
           brest
           was
           not
           sufficient
           to
           restrayne
           him
           from
           mischiefe
           ,
           or
           to
           make
           him
           sociable
           ,
           and
           therefore
           without
           some
           magistracy
           to
           provide
           new
           orders
           ,
           and
           to
           judge
           of
           old
           ,
           and
           to
           execute
           according
           to
           justice
           ,
           no
           society
           could
           be
           upheld
           ,
           without
           society
           men
           could
           not
           live
           ,
           and
           without
           lawes
           men
           could
           not
           be
           sociable
           ,
           and
           without
           authority
           somewhere
           invested
           ,
           to
           judge
           according
           to
           Law
           ,
           and
           execute
           according
           to
           judgement
           ,
           Law
           was
           a
           vaine
           and
           void
           thing
           ,
           it
           was
           soon
           therefore
           provided
           that
           lawes
           agreeable
           to
           the
           dictates
           of
           reason
           should
           be
           ratified
           by
           common
           consent
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           execution
           and
           interpretation
           of
           those
           Lawes
           should
           be
           intrusted
           to
           some
           magistrate
           ,
           for
           the
           preventing
           of
           common
           injuries
           betwixt
           Subject
           and
           Subject
           ,
           but
           when
           it
           after
           appeared
           that
           man
           was
           yet
           subject
           to
           unnaturall
           destruction
           ,
           by
           the
           Tyranny
           of
           intrusted
           magistrates
           ,
           a
           mischiefe
           almost
           as
           fatall
           as
           to
           be
           without
           all
           magistracie
           ,
           how
           to
           provide
           a
           wholsome
           remedy
           therefore
           ,
           was
           not
           so
           easie
           to
           be
           prevented
           .
           'T
           was
           not
           difficult
           to
           invent
           Lawes
           ,
           for
           the
           limitting
           of
           supreme
           governors
           ,
           but
           to
           invent
           how
           those
           Lawes
           should
           be
           executed
           or
           by
           whom
           interpreted
           ,
           was
           almost
           impossible
           ,
           
             nam
             quis
             custodiat
             ipsos
             custodes
             ;
          
           To
           place
           a
           superiour
           above
           a
           supreme
           ,
           was
           held
           unnaturall
           ,
           yet
           what
           a
           
           livelesse
           fond
           thing
           would
           Law
           be
           ,
           without
           any
           judge
           to
           determine
           it
           ,
           or
           power
           to
           enforce
           it
           ;
           and
           how
           could
           humaine
           consociation
           be
           preserved
           ,
           without
           some
           such
           Law
           ?
           besides
           ,
           if
           it
           be
           agreed
           upon
           ,
           that
           limits
           should
           be
           prefixed
           to
           Princes
           ,
           and
           judges
           appointed
           to
           decree
           according
           to
           those
           limits
           ,
           yet
           an
           other
           great
           inconvenience
           will
           presently
           affront
           us
           ;
           for
           we
           cannot
           restraine
           Princes
           too
           far
           ,
           but
           we
           shall
           disable
           them
           from
           some
           good
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           inhibit
           them
           from
           some
           evill
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           disabled
           from
           doing
           good
           in
           some
           things
           ,
           may
           be
           as
           mischievous
           ,
           as
           to
           be
           inabled
           for
           all
           evils
           at
           meere
           discretion
           .
           Long
           it
           was
           ere
           the
           world
           could
           extricate
           it selfe
           out
           of
           all
           these
           extremities
           ,
           or
           finde
           out
           an
           orderly
           meanes
           whereby
           to
           avoid
           the
           danger
           of
           unbounded
           prerogative
           on
           this
           hand
           ,
           and
           to
           excessive
           liberty
           on
           the
           other
           :
           and
           scarce
           has
           long
           experience
           yet
           fully
           satisfied
           the
           mindes
           of
           all
           men
           in
           it
           .
           In
           the
           infancy
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           when
           man
           was
           not
           so
           actificiall
           and
           obdurate
           in
           cruelty
           and
           oppression
           as
           now
           ,
           and
           when
           policy
           was
           more
           rude
           ,
           most
           Nations
           did
           chuse
           rather
           to
           submit
           themselves
           to
           the
           meer
           discretion
           of
           their
           Lords
           ,
           then
           to
           rely
           upon
           any
           limits
           :
           and
           to
           be
           ruled
           by
           Arbitrary
           edicts
           ,
           then
           written
           Statutes
           .
           But
           since
           ,
           Tyranny
           being
           growne
           more
           exquisite
           ,
           and
           policy
           more
           perfect
           ,
           (
           especially
           in
           Countreys
           where
           Learning
           and
           Religion
           flourish
           )
           few
           Nations
           will
           indure
           that
           thraldome
           which
           uses
           to
           accompany
           unbounded
           &
           unconditionate
           royalty
           ,
           yet
           long
           it
           was
           ere
           the
           bounds
           and
           conditions
           of
           supreme
           Lords
           were
           so
           wisely
           determined
           or
           quietly
           conserved
           as
           now
           they
           are
           ,
           for
           at
           first
           when
           
             Ephori
             ,
             Tribuni
             ,
             Curatores
             &c.
          
           were
           erected
           to
           poyze
           against
           the
           scale
           of
           Soveraignty
           ,
           much
           bloud
           was
           shed
           about
           them
           ,
           and
           ,
           states
           were
           put
           into
           new
           broyles
           by
           them
           ,
           and
           in
           some
           places
           the
           remedy
           proved
           worse
           then
           the
           disease
           .
           In
           all
           great
           distresses
           the
           body
           of
           the
           people
           was
           ever
           constrained
           to
           rise
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           force
           of
           a
           Major
           party
           to
           put
           an
           end
           to
           all
           intestine
           strifes
           ,
           and
           make
           a
           redresse
           of
           all
           publique
           grievances
           ,
           but
           many
           times
           calamities
           grew
           to
           a
           strange
           height
           ,
           before
           so
           combersome
           a
           body
           could
           be
           raised
           ;
           and
           when
           it
           was
           raised
           ,
           the
           motions
           of
           it
           were
           so
           distracted
           and
           irregular
           ,
           that
           after
           much
           spoile
           and
           effution
           of
           bloud
           ,
           sometimes
           onely
           one
           Tyranny
           was
           exchanged
           for
           another
           :
           till
           some
           way
           was
           invented
           to
           regulate
           the
           motions
           of
           the
           peoples
           moliminous
           body
           ,
           I
           think
           arbitrary
           rule
           was
           most
           safe
           for
           the
           world
           ,
           but
           now
           since
           most
           Countries
           have
           
           found
           out
           an
           Art
           and
           peaceable
           Order
           for
           Publique
           Assemblies
           ,
           whereby
           the
           people
           may
           assume
           its
           owne
           power
           to
           do
           itselfe
           right
           without
           disturbance
           to
           it selfe
           ,
           or
           injury
           to
           Princes
           ,
           he
           is
           very
           unjust
           that
           will
           oppose
           this
           Art
           and
           order
           .
           That
           Princes
           may
           not
           be
           now
           beyond
           all
           limits
           and
           Lawes
           ,
           nor
           yet
           left
           to
           be
           tryed
           upon
           those
           limits
           and
           Lawes
           by
           any
           private
           parties
           ,
           the
           whole
           community
           in
           its
           underived
           Majesty
           shall
           convene
           to
           do
           justice
           ,
           and
           that
           this
           convention
           may
           not
           be
           without
           intelligence
           ,
           certaine-times
           and
           places
           and
           formes
           shall
           be
           appointed
           for
           its
           regliment
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           vastnesse
           of
           its
           owne
           bulke
           may
           not
           breed
           confusion
           ,
           by
           vertue
           of
           election
           and
           representation
           :
           a
           few
           shall
           act
           for
           many
           ,
           the
           wise
           shall
           consent
           for
           the
           simple
           ,
           the
           vertue
           of
           all
           shall
           redound
           to
           some
           ,
           and
           the
           prudence
           of
           some
           shall
           redound
           to
           all
           .
           And
           sure
           ,
           as
           this
           admirably
           composed
           Court
           which
           is
           now
           called
           a
           Parliament
           ,
           is
           more
           regularly
           and
           orderly
           formed
           ,
           then
           when
           it
           was
           called
           the
           mickle
           Synod
           ,
           or
           Witenagenot
           ,
           or
           when
           this
           reall
           body
           of
           the
           people
           did
           throng
           together
           at
           it
           ,
           so
           it
           is
           not
           yet
           perhaps
           without
           some
           defects
           ,
           which
           by
           art
           and
           policy
           might
           receive
           further
           amendment
           ,
           some
           divisions
           have
           beene
           sprung
           of
           late
           betweene
           both
           Houses
           ,
           and
           some
           betweene
           the
           King
           and
           both
           Houses
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           uncertainety
           of
           jurisdiction
           ;
           and
           some
           Lawyers
           doubt
           how
           far
           the
           Parliament
           is
           able
           to
           create
           new
           formes
           and
           presidents
           ;
           and
           has
           a
           jurisdiction
           over
           it selfe
           .
           All
           these
           doubts
           would
           be
           solemnly
           solved
           .
           But
           in
           the
           first
           place
           ,
           the
           true
           Priviledges
           of
           Parliaments
           ,
           not
           onely
           belonging
           to
           the
           being
           and
           efficacy
           of
           it
           ,
           but
           to
           the
           honour
           also
           &
           complement
           of
           it
           ,
           would
           be
           clearly
           declared
           :
           for
           the
           very
           nameing
           of
           Priviledges
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           as
           if
           they
           were
           Chimera's
           to
           the
           ignoranter
           sort
           ,
           &
           utterly
           unknown
           to
           the
           learned
           ,
           hath
           beene
           entertained
           with
           scorne
           since
           the
           beginning
           of
           this
           Parliament
           .
           The
           vertue
           of
           representation
           hath
           beene
           denyed
           to
           the
           Commons
           ,
           and
           a
           severance
           has
           beene
           made
           betwixt
           the
           parties
           chosen
           and
           the
           parties
           choosing
           ,
           and
           so
           that
           great
           Priviledges
           of
           all
           Priviledges
           ,
           that
           unmoveable
           Basis
           of
           all
           honour
           and
           power
           ,
           whereby
           the
           House
           of
           Commons
           claimes
           the
           entire
           rite
           of
           all
           the
           Gentry
           and
           Commonalty
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           has
           beene
           attempted
           to
           bee
           shaken
           and
           disturbed
           ,
           most
           of
           our
           late
           distempers
           and
           obstructions
           in
           Parliament
           have
           proceeded
           from
           this
           :
           that
           the
           people
           upon
           causelesse
           defamation
           
           and
           unproved
           accusations
           have
           beene
           so
           prone
           to
           withdraw
           themselves
           from
           their
           representations
           ,
           and
           yet
           there
           can
           be
           nothing
           under
           Heaven
           ,
           next
           to
           renouncing
           God
           ,
           which
           can
           be
           more
           perfidious
           and
           more
           pernitious
           in
           the
           people
           than
           this
           .
        
         
           Having
           now
           premised
           these
           things
           ,
           I
           come
           to
           the
           maine
           difficulties
           lying
           at
           this
           time
           in
           dispute
           before
           us
           ,
           it
           is
           left
           unquestioned
           that
           the
           legislative
           power
           of
           this
           Kingdome
           is
           partly
           in
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           partly
           in
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           and
           that
           in
           ordinary
           cases
           ,
           when
           it
           concernes
           not
           the
           saving
           of
           the
           people
           from
           some
           great
           danger
           or
           inconvenience
           ,
           neither
           the
           King
           can
           make
           a
           generall
           binding
           Law
           or
           Ordinance
           without
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           or
           the
           Parliament
           without
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           this
           is
           by
           a
           knowne
           Maxime
           ,
           
             Non
             recurrendum
             est
             ad
             extraordinaria
             &c.
             
          
        
         
           It
           ought
           to
           be
           also
           as
           unquestioned
           ,
           that
           where
           this
           ordinary
           course
           cannot
           be
           taken
           for
           the
           preventing
           of
           publike
           mischiefes
           ,
           any
           extraordinary
           course
           that
           is
           for
           that
           purpose
           the
           most
           effectuall
           ,
           may
           justly
           be
           taken
           and
           executed
           by
           the
           most
           transcendent
           over-ruling
           
             Primum
             Mobile
          
           of
           all
           humane
           Lawes
           ,
           if
           the
           King
           will
           not
           joyne
           with
           the
           people
           ,
           the
           people
           may
           without
           disloyalty
           save
           themselves
           ,
           and
           if
           the
           people
           should
           be
           so
           unnaturall
           as
           to
           oppose
           their
           owne
           preservation
           ,
           the
           King
           might
           use
           all
           possible
           means
           for
           their
           safetie
           ,
           yet
           this
           seemes
           to
           be
           denyed
           by
           the
           King
           ,
           
             for
             he
             sets
             forth
             Proclamations
             and
             cites
             Statutes
             in
             them
             to
             prove
             ,
             that
             the
             power
             of
             levying
             armes
             and
             forces
             is
             solely
             in
             him
             ,
          
           and
           he
           presses
           them
           indefinitely
           ,
           not
           leaving
           to
           the
           Subject
           any
           right
           at
           all
           of
           rising
           in
           armes
           ,
           though
           for
           their
           owne
           necessary
           defence
           ,
           except
           he
           joynes
           his
           consent
           and
           Authority
           :
           In
           the
           same
           manner
           also
           ,
           he
           so
           assumes
           to
           himselfe
           a
           share
           in
           the
           legislative
           power
           ,
           as
           without
           his
           concurrence
           the
           Lords
           and
           Commons
           have
           no
           right
           at
           all
           to
           make
           any
           temporary
           orders
           for
           putting
           the
           Kingdome
           into
           a
           posture
           of
           defence
           ,
           in
           what
           publique
           distresse
           soever
           :
           And
           therefore
           in
           Sir
           
             Iohn
             Hothaems
          
           case
           ,
           he
           doth
           not
           onely
           charge
           him
           of
           Treason
           ,
           for
           observing
           the
           Parliaments
           instructions
           and
           Commissions
           in
           a
           pretended
           danger
           ,
           but
           he
           pronounceth
           the
           meere
           act
           Treason
           ,
           let
           the
           circumstances
           be
           what
           they
           will
           .
           Let
           the
           world
           judge
           whether
           this
           be
           not
           contrary
           to
           the
           clearest
           beames
           of
           humaine
           reason
           ,
           and
           the
           strongest
           inclinations
           of
           nature
           ,
           for
           every
           private
           man
           may
           defend
           himselfe
           by
           force
           ,
           if
           assaulted
           ,
           though
           by
           the
           force
           of
           a
           Magistrate
           
           or
           his
           owne
           father
           ,
           and
           though
           he
           be
           not
           without
           all
           confidence
           by
           flight
           &c.
           yet
           here
           whole
           nations
           being
           exposed
           to
           enmity
           and
           hazard
           ,
           being
           utterly
           uncapable
           of
           flight
           ,
           must
           yeeld
           their
           throats
           and
           submit
           to
           Assassinates
           ,
           if
           their
           King
           will
           not
           allow
           ,
           them
           defence
           .
        
         
           See
           if
           this
           be
           not
           contrary
           to
           the
           originall
           ,
           end
           ,
           and
           trust
           of
           all
           power
           and
           Lawe
           ,
           and
           whether
           it
           doe
           not
           open
           a
           gap
           to
           as
           vast
           and
           arbitrary
           a
           prerogative
           as
           the
           Grand
           Seignior
           has
           ,
           and
           whither
           this
           be
           not
           the
           maine
           ground
           of
           all
           those
           bitter
           invectives
           almost
           which
           are
           iterated
           and
           inforced
           with
           so
           much
           eloquence
           in
           all
           the
           Kings
           late
           papers
           .
           See
           if
           wee
           are
           not
           left
           as
           a
           prety
           to
           the
           same
           bloudy
           hands
           as
           have
           done
           such
           diabolicall
           exployts
           in
           
             Ireland
             ,
          
           or
           to
           any
           others
           which
           can
           perswade
           the
           King
           that
           the
           Parliament
           is
           not
           well
           affected
           to
           him
           ,
           if
           we
           may
           not
           take
           up
           armes
           for
           our
           owne
           safety
           ,
           or
           if
           it
           be
           possible
           for
           us
           to
           take
           up
           armes
           ,
           without
           some
           Votes
           or
           ordinances
           to
           regulate
           the
           
             Militia
             ,
          
           or
           to
           make
           our
           defence
           manly
           ,
           and
           not
           beastiall
           and
           void
           of
           all
           Counsell
           ,
           the
           name
           of
           a
           King
           is
           great
           I
           confesse
           ,
           and
           worthy
           of
           great
           honour
           ,
           but
           is
           not
           the
           name
           of
           people
           greater
           ?
           let
           not
           meere
           tearms
           deceave
           us
           ,
           let
           us
           weigh
           names
           and
           things
           together
           ,
           admit
           that
           God
           sheds
           here
           some
           rayes
           of
           Majesty
           upon
           his
           vicegerents
           on
           earth
           ,
           yet
           except
           we
           thinke
           he
           doth
           this
           out
           of
           particular
           love
           to
           Princes
           themselves
           ,
           and
           not
           to
           communties
           of
           men
           ,
           wee
           must
           not
           hence
           invert
           the
           course
           of
           nature
           ,
           and
           make
           nations
           subordinate
           in
           end
           to
           Princes
           .
           My
           Lord
           of
           
             Strafford
             ,
          
           sayes
           that
           the
           Law
           of
           Prerogative
           is
           like
           that
           of
           the
           first
           table
           ,
           but
           the
           Law
           of
           Common
           safety
           and
           utility
           like
           that
           of
           the
           second
           ,
           and
           hence
           concludes
           ,
           that
           precedence
           is
           to
           be
           given
           to
           that
           which
           is
           more
           sacred
           ,
           (
           that
           is
           )
           Regall
           Prerogative
           .
           Upon
           this
           ground
           all
           Parasites
           build
           when
           they
           seeke
           to
           hood-winke
           Princes
           for
           their
           owne
           advantages
           ,
           and
           when
           they
           assay
           to
           draw
           that
           esteeme
           to
           
           themselves
           ,
           which
           they
           withdraw
           from
           the
           people
           :
           and
           this
           doctrin
           is
           common
           ,
           because
           't
           is
           so
           acceptable
           :
           for
           as
           nothing
           is
           more
           pleasant
           to
           Princes
           then
           to
           be
           so
           deified
           ,
           so
           nothing
           is
           more
           gainefull
           to
           Courtiers
           then
           so
           to
           please
           .
           But
           to
           look
           into
           termes
           a
           little
           more
           narrower
           ,
           and
           dispell
           umbrages
           ;
           
             Princes
             are
             called
             Gods
             ,
             Fathers
             ,
             Husbands
             ,
             Lords
             ,
             Heads
             ,
             &c.
             and
             this
             implyes
             them
             to
             be
             of
             more
             worth
             and
             more
             unsubordinate
             in
             end
             ,
             then
             their
             Subjects
             are
             ,
             who
             by
             the
             same
             relation
             must
             stand
             as
             Creatures
             ,
             Children
             ,
             Wives
             ,
             Servants
             ,
             Members
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           I
           answer
           ,
           these
           termes
           do
           illustrate
           some
           excellency
           in
           Princes
           by
           way
           of
           similitude
           ,
           but
           must
           not
           in
           all
           things
           be
           applyed
           ,
           and
           they
           are
           most
           truly
           applyed
           to
           Subjects
           ,
           taken
           
             divisim
             ,
          
           but
           not
           
             conjunctim
             :
          
           Kings
           are
           Gods
           to
           particular
           men
           ,
           
             secundum
             quid
             ,
          
           and
           are
           sanctified
           with
           some
           of
           Gods
           royaltie
           ;
           but
           it
           is
           not
           for
           themselves
           ,
           it
           is
           for
           an
           extrinsecall
           end
           ,
           and
           that
           is
           the
           prosperitie
           of
           Gods
           people
           ,
           and
           that
           end
           is
           more
           sacred
           than
           the
           meanes
           ,
           as
           to
           themselves
           they
           are
           most
           unlike
           God
           ;
           for
           God
           cannot
           bee
           obliged
           by
           any
           thing
           extrinsecall
           ,
           no
           created
           thing
           whatsoever
           can
           be
           of
           sufficient
           value
           or
           excellencie
           to
           impose
           any
           dutie
           or
           tye
           upon
           God
           ,
           as
           Subjects
           upon
           Princes
           :
           therefore
           granting
           Prerogative
           to
           be
           but
           mediate
           ,
           and
           the
           Weale
           Publike
           to
           be
           finall
           ,
           wee
           must
           rank
           the
           Lawes
           of
           libertie
           in
           the
           first
           Table
           ,
           and
           Prerogative
           in
           the
           second
           ,
           as
           Nature
           doth
           require
           ;
           and
           not
           after
           a
           kind
           of
           blasphemy
           ascribe
           that
           unsubordination
           to
           Princes
           ,
           which
           is
           only
           due
           to
           God
           ;
           so
           the
           King
           is
           a
           Father
           to
           his
           People
           ,
           taken
           singly
           ,
           but
           not
           universally
           ;
           for
           the
           father
           is
           more
           worthy
           than
           the
           son
           in
           nature
           ,
           and
           the
           son
           is
           wholly
           a
           debtor
           to
           the
           father
           ,
           and
           can
           by
           no
           merit
           transcend
           his
           dutie
           ,
           nor
           chalenge
           any
           thing
           as
           due
           from
           his
           father
           ;
           for
           the
           father
           doth
           all
           his
           offices
           meritoriously
           ,
           freely
           ,
           and
           unexactedly
           .
           Yet
           this
           holds
           not
           in
           the
           relation
           betwixt
           King
           &
           Subject
           ,
           for
           its
           more
           due
           in
           policie
           ,
           and
           more
           strictly
           to
           be
           chalenged
           ,
           that
           the
           
           King
           should
           make
           happy
           the
           People
           ,
           than
           the
           People
           make
           glorious
           the
           King
           .
           This
           same
           reason
           is
           also
           in
           relation
           of
           Husband
           ,
           Lord
           ,
           &c.
           for
           the
           wife
           is
           inferiour
           in
           nature
           ,
           and
           was
           created
           for
           the
           assistance
           of
           man
           ,
           and
           servants
           are
           hired
           for
           their
           Lords
           meere
           attendance
           ;
           but
           it
           is
           otherwise
           in
           the
           State
           betwixt
           man
           and
           man
           ,
           for
           that
           civill
           difference
           which
           is
           for
           civill
           ends
           ,
           and
           those
           ends
           are
           ,
           that
           wrong
           and
           violence
           may
           be
           repressed
           by
           one
           for
           the
           good
           of
           all
           not
           that
           servilitie
           and
           drudgerie
           may
           be
           imposed
           upon
           all
           ,
           for
           the
           pomp
           of
           one
           .
           So
           the
           head
           naturally
           doth
           not
           more
           depend
           upon
           the
           body
           ,
           than
           that
           does
           upon
           the
           head
           ,
           both
           head
           and
           members
           must
           live
           and
           dye
           together
           ;
           but
           it
           is
           otherwise
           with
           the
           Head
           Politicall
           ,
           for
           that
           receives
           more
           subsistence
           from
           the
           body
           than
           it
           gives
           ,
           and
           being
           subservient
           to
           that
           ,
           it
           has
           no
           being
           when
           that
           is
           dissolved
           ,
           and
           that
           may
           be
           preserved
           after
           its
           dissolution
           .
        
         
           And
           hence
           it
           appeares
           ,
           that
           the
           verie
           order
           of
           Princes
           binds
           them
           not
           to
           be
           insolent
           ,
           but
           lowly
           ;
           and
           not
           to
           aime
           at
           their
           owne
           good
           but
           secondarily
           ,
           contrarie
           to
           the
           Florentines
           wretched
           Politiques
           .
           And
           it
           followes
           ,
           that
           such
           Princes
           ,
           as
           contrarie
           to
           the
           end
           of
           government
           ,
           effect
           evill
           in
           stead
           of
           good
           ,
           insulting
           in
           common
           servilitie
           ,
           rather
           than
           promoting
           common
           securitie
           ,
           and
           placing
           their
           chiefest
           pomp
           in
           the
           sufferance
           of
           their
           Subjects
           ,
           commit
           such
           sins
           as
           God
           will
           never
           countenance
           ;
           nay
           ,
           such
           as
           the
           unnaturall
           father
           ,
           the
           tyrannous
           husband
           ,
           the
           mercilesse
           master
           is
           not
           capable
           of
           committing
           ;
           nay
           ,
           we
           must
           conceive
           that
           Treason
           in
           Subjects
           against
           their
           Prince
           ,
           so
           far
           only
           as
           it
           concernes
           the
           Prince
           ,
           is
           not
           so
           horrid
           in
           nature
           ,
           as
           oppression
           in
           the
           Prince
           exercised
           violently
           upon
           Subjects
           .
           God
           commands
           Princes
           to
           study
           his
           Law
           day
           and
           night
           ,
           and
           not
           to
           amasse
           great
           treasures
           ,
           or
           to
           encrease
           their
           Cavaliers
           ,
           or
           to
           lift
           up
           their
           hearts
           above
           their
           brethren
           ,
           nor
           to
           wast
           their
           owne
           demeanes
           ,
           
           lest
           necessitie
           should
           tempt
           them
           to
           rapine
           .
           But
           on
           the
           contrarie
           ,
           
             Machiavels
          
           Instructions
           puffe
           up
           Princes
           ,
           
             That
             they
             may
             treat
             Subjects
             not
             as
             brethren
             ,
             but
             as
             beasts
             ,
             as
             the
             basest
             beasts
             of
             drudgerie
             ,
             teaching
             them
             by
             subtiltie
             ,
             and
             by
             the
             strength
             of
             their
          
           Militia
           ,
           
             to
             uphold
             their
             owne
             will
             ,
             and
             to
             make
             meere
             sponges
             of
             the
             publike
             coffers
             :
          
           And
           sure
           if
           that
           cursed
           Heretike
           in
           policie
           could
           have
           invented
           any
           thing
           more
           repugnant
           to
           Gods
           commands
           ,
           and
           Natures
           intention
           ,
           he
           had
           been
           held
           a
           deeper
           Statesman
           than
           hee
           is
           ;
           but
           I
           conceive
           it
           is
           now
           sufficiently
           cleared
           ,
           that
           all
           rule
           is
           but
           fiduciarie
           ,
           and
           that
           this
           and
           that
           Prince
           is
           more
           or
           lesse
           absolute
           ,
           as
           he
           is
           more
           or
           lesse
           trusted
           ,
           and
           that
           all
           trusts
           differ
           not
           in
           nature
           or
           intent
           ,
           but
           in
           degree
           only
           and
           extent
           :
           and
           therefore
           since
           it
           is
           unnaturall
           for
           any
           Nation
           to
           give
           away
           its
           owne
           proprietie
           in
           it selfe
           absolutely
           ,
           and
           to
           subject
           it selfe
           to
           a
           condition
           of
           servilitie
           below
           men
           ,
           because
           this
           is
           contrarie
           to
           the
           supreme
           of
           all
           Lawes
           ,
           wee
           must
           not
           think
           that
           it
           can
           stand
           with
           the
           intent
           of
           any
           trust
           ,
           that
           necessarie
           defence
           should
           be
           barred
           ,
           and
           naturall
           preservation
           denyed
           to
           any
           people
           ;
           no
           man
           will
           deny
           ,
           but
           that
           the
           People
           may
           use
           meanes
           of
           defence
           ,
           where
           Princes
           are
           more
           conditionate
           ,
           and
           have
           a
           soveraigntie
           more
           limited
           ,
           and
           yet
           these
           being
           only
           lesse
           trusted
           than
           absolute
           Monarchs
           ,
           and
           no
           trust
           being
           without
           an
           intent
           of
           preservation
           ,
           it
           is
           no
           more
           intended
           that
           the
           People
           shall
           be
           remedilesly
           oppressed
           in
           a
           Monarchy
           ,
           than
           in
           a
           Republique
           .
           But
           tracing
           this
           no
           further
           ,
           I
           will
           now
           rest
           upon
           this
           ,
           that
           whatsoever
           the
           King
           has
           alleaged
           against
           raising
           of
           Armes
           ,
           and
           publishing
           of
           Orders
           indefinitely
           ,
           is
           of
           no
           force
           to
           make
           Sir
           
             Iohn
             Hotham
             ,
          
           or
           those
           by
           whose
           authoritie
           hee
           acted
           ,
           Traytours
           ,
           unlesse
           it
           fall
           out
           that
           there
           was
           no
           ground
           nor
           necessitie
           of
           such
           defence
           .
           So
           much
           of
           danger
           certaine
           .
        
         
           I
           will
           now
           suppose
           the
           danger
           of
           the
           Commonwealth
           
           uncertaine
           ,
           the
           King
           sayes
           ;
           the
           Parliament
           denyes
           ;
           the
           King
           commands
           ,
           the
           Parliament
           forbids
           :
           The
           King
           sayes
           the
           Parliament
           is
           seduced
           by
           a
           traiterous
           faction
           ;
           the
           Parliament
           sayes
           the
           King
           is
           seduced
           by
           a
           Malignant
           Party
           :
           the
           King
           sayes
           the
           Parliament
           tramples
           upon
           his
           Crowne
           ;
           the
           Parliament
           sayes
           the
           King
           intends
           Warre
           upon
           them
           :
           to
           whether
           now
           is
           the
           Subject
           bound
           to
           adhere
           ?
           I
           will
           not
           insist
           much
           upon
           generall
           presumptions
           ,
           though
           they
           are
           of
           moment
           in
           this
           case
           :
           for
           without
           all
           question
           't
           is
           more
           likely
           ,
           that
           Princes
           may
           erre
           and
           have
           sinister
           ends
           ,
           then
           such
           generall
           conventions
           of
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           Gentry
           ,
           and
           Commonalty
           so
           instituted
           ,
           and
           regulated
           as
           ours
           are
           in
           England
           .
           The
           King
           does
           highly
           admire
           
             the
             ancient
             ,
             equall
             ,
             happy
             ,
             well
             poyzed
             and
             never
             enough
             commended
             constitution
             of
             this
             Government
             ,
             which
             hath
             made
             this
             Kingdome
             ,
             so
             many
             years
             both
             famous
             and
             happy
             ,
             to
             a
             great
             degree
             of
             envie
             ,
             and
             amongst
             the
             rest
             ,
             our
             Courts
             of
             Parliament
             :
             and
             therein
             more
             especially
             ,
             that
             power
             which
             is
             legally
             placed
             in
             both
             Houses
             ,
             more
             than
             sufficient
          
           (
           as
           he
           sayes
           )
           
             to
             prevent
             and
             restraine
             the
             power
             of
             Tyranny
             ;
          
           But
           how
           can
           this
           be
           ?
           if
           the
           King
           may
           at
           His
           pleasure
           take
           away
           the
           being
           of
           Parliament
           meerely
           by
           dissent
           ,
           if
           they
           can
           doe
           nothing
           but
           what
           pleases
           Him
           ,
           or
           some
           Clandestine
           Councellours
           ,
           and
           if
           upon
           any
           attempt
           to
           doe
           any
           thing
           else
           ,
           they
           shall
           be
           called
           Traitors
           ,
           and
           without
           further
           arraignment
           ,
           or
           legall
           proceeding
           ,
           be
           deserted
           by
           the
           Kingdome
           whose
           representations
           they
           are
           ,
           what
           is
           there
           remaining
           to
           Parliaments
           ?
           are
           they
           not
           more
           servile
           then
           other
           inferiour
           Courts
           ;
           nay
           ,
           are
           they
           not
           in
           a
           worse
           condition
           then
           the
           meanest
           Subject
           out
           of
           Parliament
           ?
           and
           how
           shall
           they
           restraine
           tyranny
           ,
           when
           they
           have
           no
           subsistance
           at
           all
           themselves
           ;
           nay
           ,
           nor
           no
           benefit
           of
           Justice
           ,
           but
           arbitrary
           .
           Surely
           if
           these
           principles
           hold
           ,
           they
           will
           be
           made
           the
           very
           Engines
           and
           
           Scaffolds
           whereby
           to
           erect
           a
           government
           more
           tyrannicall
           then
           ever
           was
           knowne
           in
           any
           other
           Kingdome
           ,
           wee
           have
           long
           groaned
           for
           them
           ,
           but
           we
           are
           likely
           now
           to
           groane
           under
           them
           :
           but
           you
           will
           say
           ,
           the
           King
           
             hath
             a
             power
             of
             dissent
             ,
             he
             may
             use
             it
             at
             his
             pleasure
             ,
             if
             hee
             have
             none
             ,
             then
             he
             is
             a
             meere
             Cypher
             ,
             and
             the
             Parliament
             may
             tyrannize
             at
             pleasure
             :
             either
             the
             one
             or
             the
             other
             must
             bee
             predominant
             ,
             or
             else
             by
             a
             mutuall
             opposition
             all
             must
             perist
             ;
             and
             why
             not
             the
             King
             predominant
             rather
             then
             the
             Parliament
             ?
          
           We
           had
           a
           maxime
           ,
           and
           it
           was
           grounded
           upon
           Nature
           ,
           and
           never
           till
           this
           Parliament
           withstood
           ,
           that
           a
           community
           can
           have
           no
           private
           ends
           to
           mislead
           it
           ,
           and
           make
           it
           injurious
           to
           it selfe
           ,
           and
           no
           age
           will
           furnish
           us
           with
           one
           story
           of
           any
           Parliament
           freely
           elected
           ,
           and
           held
           ,
           that
           ever
           did
           injure
           a
           whole
           Kingdome
           ,
           or
           exercise
           any
           tyranny
           ,
           nor
           is
           there
           any
           possibility
           how
           it
           should
           .
           The
           King
           may
           safely
           leave
           his
           highest
           rights
           to
           Parliaments
           ,
           for
           none
           knowes
           better
           ,
           or
           affects
           more
           the
           sweetnesse
           of
           this
           so
           well-ballanced
           a
           Monarchy
           then
           they
           do
           ,
           and
           it
           hath
           been
           often
           in
           their
           power
           under
           great
           provocations
           to
           load
           that
           rule
           with
           greater
           fetters
           &
           clogs
           ,
           but
           they
           would
           not
           .
           Let
           us
           marke
           but
           the
           nature
           ,
           the
           right
           ,
           the
           power
           ,
           the
           wisedome
           ,
           the
           justice
           ,
           of
           Parliaments
           ,
           and
           we
           shall
           finde
           no
           cause
           to
           suspect
           them
           ,
           of
           such
           unmatchable
           treasons
           and
           conspiracies
           as
           are
           this
           day
           ,
           and
           never
           was
           before
           charged
           upon
           them
           ;
           for
           our
           Chronicles
           makes
           it
           apparent
           ,
           that
           there
           is
           scarce
           any
           other
           Nation
           wherein
           Monarchy
           has
           been
           more
           abused
           by
           rash
           inconsiderate
           Princes
           ,
           then
           in
           this
           ,
           nor
           none
           at
           all
           wherein
           it
           hath
           been
           more
           inviolably
           adored
           ,
           and
           loyally
           preserved
           from
           all
           diminution
           ,
           I
           wish
           it
           were
           not
           some
           incitement
           to
           those
           execrable
           Instruments
           ,
           which
           steale
           the
           Kings
           heart
           from
           us
           ,
           that
           they
           thinke
           the
           Religion
           of
           Protestants
           too
           tame
           ,
           and
           the
           Nation
           of
           the
           English
           too
           incensible
           of
           injuries
           ;
           but
           I
           hope
           
           God
           will
           the
           more
           tenderly
           resent
           these
           things
           .
           The
           composition
           of
           Parliaments
           ,
           I
           say
           ,
           takes
           away
           all
           jealousies
           ,
           for
           it
           is
           so
           equally
           ,
           and
           geometrically
           proportionable
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           States
           doe
           so
           orderly
           contribute
           their
           due
           parts
           therein
           ,
           that
           no
           one
           can
           be
           of
           any
           extreame
           predominance
           ,
           the
           multitude
           loves
           Monarchy
           better
           then
           Aristocracy
           ,
           and
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           ,
           prefer
           it
           as
           much
           beyond
           Democracy
           ,
           and
           we
           see
           the
           multitude
           hath
           onely
           a
           representative
           influence
           ,
           so
           that
           they
           are
           not
           likely
           to
           sway
           ,
           and
           yet
           some
           influence
           they
           have
           ,
           and
           that
           enough
           to
           preserve
           themselves
           from
           being
           overswaid
           .
           We
           also
           in
           England
           have
           not
           a
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           so
           independent
           and
           potent
           as
           in
           France
           ,
           Germany
           ,
           Denmarke
           ,
           &c.
           
           Nor
           as
           they
           were
           here
           immediately
           after
           the
           Conquest
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           their
           great
           Feoffes
           ,
           whereby
           to
           give
           Lawes
           either
           to
           the
           Crowne
           ,
           or
           the
           people
           ;
           but
           they
           stand
           at
           such
           faire
           and
           comely
           distances
           between
           the
           King
           and
           people
           ,
           and
           also
           betweene
           themselves
           ,
           
             that
             they
             serve
             for
             an
             excellent
             Skreene
             and
             banke
          
           (
           as
           the
           Kings
           words
           are
           )
           
             to
             assist
             both
             King
             and
             people
             against
             the
             encroachments
             of
             each
             other
             .
          
           And
           as
           the
           middle
           Region
           of
           the
           aire
           treats
           loving
           offices
           betwixt
           heaven
           and
           earth
           ,
           restraining
           the
           fumes
           and
           exhalations
           of
           Sea
           and
           Land
           ,
           that
           they
           ascend
           not
           too
           high
           ,
           and
           at
           the
           same
           instant
           ,
           allaying
           that
           restlesse
           Planets
           scorching
           flames
           ,
           which
           else
           might
           prove
           insufferable
           to
           the
           lower
           Elements
           :
           So
           doth
           both
           Houses
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           as
           peaceably
           and
           sweetly
           arbitrate
           betwixt
           the
           Prince
           and
           his
           poorest
           Vassals
           ,
           and
           declining
           .
           Tyranny
           on
           the
           one
           side
           ,
           and
           Ochlocracy
           on
           the
           other
           ,
           preserving
           intire
           to
           the
           King
           the
           honour
           of
           His
           Scopter
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           people
           the
           patrimony
           of
           freedome
           .
           Let
           us
           not
           then
           seeke
           to
           corrupt
           this
           purity
           of
           composition
           ,
           or
           conceive
           that
           both
           Gentry
           ;
           and
           Nobility
           can
           combine
           against
           the
           King
           ,
           when
           they
           have
           no
           power
           but
           derivative
           ,
           the
           one
           more
           
           depending
           upon
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           upon
           the
           people
           ,
           but
           both
           most
           excellently
           to
           affect
           the
           good
           of
           the
           whole
           ,
           and
           to
           prevent
           the
           exorbitance
           of
           any
           one
           part
           .
           Next
           ,
           the
           right
           of
           all
           the
           Lords
           and
           Commons
           in
           this
           State
           is
           so
           great
           ,
           that
           no
           change
           of
           goverement
           can
           be
           advantage
           to
           them
           in
           that
           temporary
           capacity
           ,
           except
           they
           could
           each
           one
           obtaine
           an
           hereditary
           Crowne
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           thing
           utterly
           impossible
           .
           Next
           ,
           their
           power
           is
           meerely
           derivative
           ,
           so
           that
           except
           we
           will
           conceive
           that
           both
           King
           and
           people
           will
           be
           consenting
           to
           the
           usurpation
           ,
           nothing
           can
           be
           done
           ;
           and
           if
           wee
           conceive
           that
           they
           may
           by
           fraud
           gaine
           their
           consent
           ,
           nothing
           can
           withstand
           them
           .
           Lastly
           ,
           their
           wisedome
           hath
           beene
           ever
           held
           unquestionable
           ,
           and
           their
           justice
           inviolable
           ,
           no
           Prince
           that
           ever
           cast
           himselfe
           thereupon
           was
           defrauded
           ,
           no
           Prince
           that
           ever
           declined
           the
           same
           ,
           proved
           prosperous
           .
           In
           sum
           ,
           Parliamentary
           government
           being
           used
           as
           Physicke
           ,
           not
           dyet
           by
           the
           intermission
           of
           due
           spaces
           of
           time
           ,
           has
           in
           it
           all
           that
           is
           excelleut
           in
           all
           formes
           of
           Government
           whatsoever
           .
           If
           the
           King
           be
           an
           affector
           of
           true
           liberty
           ,
           he
           has
           in
           Parliament
           a
           power
           as
           extensive
           as
           ever
           the
           Romane
           Dictators
           was
           ,
           for
           the
           preventing
           of
           all
           publike
           distresses
           .
           If
           the
           King
           be
           apt
           to
           intrude
           upon
           the
           common
           liberties
           ,
           the
           people
           have
           hereby
           many
           Democraticall
           advantages
           to
           preserve
           themselves
           .
           If
           Warre
           bee
           ,
           here
           is
           the
           Unitive
           vertue
           of
           Monarchy
           to
           encounter
           it
           ,
           here
           is
           the
           admirable
           Councell
           of
           Aristocracy
           to
           manage
           it
           .
           If
           Peace
           be
           ,
           here
           is
           the
           industry
           and
           courage
           of
           democracy
           to
           improve
           it
           .
           Let
           us
           now
           see
           how
           Kings
           usually
           ,
           governe
           without
           Parliaments
           especially
           such
           as
           are
           ruled
           by
           Councell
           averse
           from
           Parliaments
           .
           I
           need
           not
           speake
           of
           France
           ,
           and
           other
           Countries
           ,
           where
           together
           with
           these
           generall
           Assemblies
           ,
           all
           liberty
           is
           falne
           to
           the
           ground
           ;
           I
           need
           not
           travell
           further
           then
           our
           stories
           ,
           nay
           ,
           I
           need
           not
           passe
           beyond
           our
           owne
           Times
           ,
           my
           discourse
           will
           be
           endlesse
           if
           I
           doe
           .
        
         
         
           The
           wisest
           of
           our
           Kings
           following
           their
           owne
           private
           advise
           ,
           or
           being
           conducted
           by
           their
           owne
           wills
           ,
           have
           mistaken
           their
           best
           Subiects
           ,
           for
           their
           greatest
           enemies
           ,
           and
           their
           greatest
           enemies
           for
           their
           best
           Subiects
           ,
           and
           upon
           such
           mistakes
           our
           iustest
           Kings
           ,
           have
           often
           done
           things
           very
           dangerous
           .
           And
           without
           upbraiding
           I
           may
           say
           ,
           that
           this
           King
           by
           the
           fraud
           of
           such
           as
           have
           incensed
           him
           against
           Parliaments
           ,
           and
           his
           most
           loyall
           people
           ,
           hath
           so
           far
           been
           possest
           with
           a
           confidence
           in
           the
           zeale
           of
           Traytors
           ,
           that
           he
           hath
           scarse
           ever
           yet
           enioyed
           that
           grandour
           and
           splendor
           which
           his
           Ancestors
           did
           enioy
           .
           He
           hath
           met
           in
           the
           field
           with
           two
           contrary
           Armies
           of
           his
           own
           Subiects
           ,
           and
           yet
           that
           Army
           which
           he
           went
           to
           destroy
           ,
           and
           advanced
           their
           colours
           against
           him
           ,
           was
           more
           loyall
           than
           that
           which
           himselfe
           commanded
           ,
           and
           yet
           both
           were
           more
           loyall
           than
           those
           fatall
           whisperers
           which
           ingaged
           them
           so
           one
           against
           the
           other
           ,
           if
           the
           whole
           Kingdome
           of
           
             Scotland
          
           had
           been
           more
           hearkened
           to
           ,
           rather
           than
           some
           few
           malignants
           of
           the
           Popish
           ,
           and
           Prelaticall
           faction
           ,
           the
           King
           had
           sooner
           found
           out
           the
           fidelity
           of
           that
           whole
           Kingdome
           ,
           and
           the
           infidelity
           of
           that
           wicked
           faction
           .
           But
           as
           things
           then
           stood
           ,
           the
           King
           was
           as
           much
           incensed
           against
           them
           ,
           as
           he
           is
           against
           us
           now
           ,
           and
           he
           that
           did
           then
           perswade
           him
           that
           the
           Scots
           were
           no
           Rebels
           ,
           seemed
           as
           great
           an
           enemy
           as
           he
           doth
           now
           that
           shall
           defend
           the
           innocency
           of
           Sir
           
             John
             Hotham
             ;
          
           there
           was
           no
           difference
           at
           all
           betwixt
           that
           ease
           of
           the
           Scots
           ,
           and
           this
           of
           ours
           ,
           the
           King
           attributed
           then
           as
           much
           to
           his
           own
           conscience
           and
           understanding
           ,
           as
           he
           doth
           now
           ,
           and
           he
           attributed
           as
           little
           then
           to
           the
           publike
           Votes
           of
           that
           Kingdome
           ,
           as
           he
           doth
           now
           to
           this
           ,
           only
           in
           this
           ,
           our
           condition
           is
           the
           more
           unhappy
           ,
           because
           that
           so
           fresh
           and
           memorable
           experiment
           doth
           not
           at
           all
           profit
           us
           ,
           but
           still
           by
           a
           strange
           kinde
           of
           relapse
           ,
           the
           King
           seemes
           now
           the
           more
           firmly
           to
           relie
           upon
           his
           own
           private
           reason
           ,
           and
           counsell
           ,
           the
           more
           cause
           he
           hath
           to
           confide
           in
           publike
           advertisements
           ,
           and
           the
           more
           he
           professes
           to
           doe
           contrary
           :
           the
           maine
           question
           now
           is
           ,
           whether
           the
           Court
           ,
           or
           the
           Parliament
           gives
           the
           King
           the
           better
           Councell
           ;
           the
           King
           sayes
           ,
           he
           cannot
           without
           renouncing
           his
           own
           conscience
           and
           reason
           ,
           prefer
           the
           Parliaments
           Councell
           before
           the
           Courts
           ;
           and
           that
           which
           the
           King
           here
           calls
           Conscience
           and
           reason
           ,
           can
           be
           nothing
           else
           but
           meere
           private
           opinion
           ;
           for
           if
           the
           Councell
           of
           the
           Parliament
           were
           directly
           opposite
           to
           common
           understanding
           ,
           and
           good
           conscience
           ,
           and
           the
           Councell
           of
           the
           Court
           were
           evidently
           consonant
           thereunto
           ,
           there
           needed
           no
           such
           contestation
           :
           For
           example
           ,
           the
           Parliament
           conceives
           that
           such
           and
           such
           ill
           offices
           have
           been
           done
           to
           frame
           parties
           ;
           and
           unite
           forces
           against
           
           the
           Parliament
           &
           the
           State
           ,
           and
           therfore
           they
           desire
           that
           such
           Townes
           ,
           and
           Forts
           ,
           and
           the
           publick
           
             Militia
          
           may
           be
           intrusted
           to
           the
           custody
           and
           command
           of
           such
           Noblemen
           and
           Gentlemen
           as
           they
           confide
           in
           ;
           the
           Kings
           secret
           Court-Councell
           suggests
           against
           this
           ,
           that
           this
           request
           incloseth
           at
           reasonable
           intention
           in
           it
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           ayme
           is
           to
           wrest
           all
           power
           out
           of
           the
           Kings
           hand
           ,
           that
           he
           may
           be
           forced
           to
           depose
           himselfe
           ;
           the
           effect
           of
           this
           is
           no
           more
           but
           to
           let
           the
           King
           know
           ,
           that
           they
           are
           more
           wise
           and
           faithfull
           than
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           that
           hee
           may
           doe
           royally
           to
           hearken
           to
           them
           in
           condemning
           the
           Lords
           and
           Commons
           of
           most
           inexpiable
           ,
           unnaturall
           ,
           impossible
           Treason
           ,
           for
           they
           must
           needs
           love
           him
           better
           then
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           but
           he
           cannot
           hearken
           to
           the
           Lords
           and
           Commons
           without
           offering
           violence
           to
           his
           owne
           reason
           and
           conscience
           ;
           here
           we
           see
           the
           misery
           of
           all
           ,
           if
           Princes
           may
           not
           be
           led
           by
           their
           owne
           opinions
           ,
           though
           infused
           by
           obscure
           whisperers
           ,
           when
           they
           scandall
           the
           loyalty
           of
           whole
           kingdomes
           without
           cause
           ,
           rather
           then
           by
           the
           sacred
           and
           awfull
           councels
           of
           whole
           Nations
           ,
           they
           are
           denyed
           liberty
           of
           conscience
           ,
           and
           ravisht
           out
           of
           their
           owne
           understandings
           .
           And
           yet
           if
           Princes
           may
           be
           admitted
           to
           prefer
           such
           weak
           opinions
           before
           Parliamentary
           motives
           and
           petitions
           ,
           in
           those
           things
           which
           concerne
           the
           Lives
           ,
           Estates
           ,
           and
           Liberties
           of
           thousands
           ,
           what
           vain
           things
           are
           Parliaments
           ,
           what
           unlimitable
           things
           are
           Princes
           ,
           what
           miserable
           things
           are
           Subiects
           ?
           I
           will
           enlarge
           my selfe
           no
           longer
           upon
           this
           endlesse
           Theame
           :
           Let
           us
           look
           upon
           the
           Venetians
           ,
           and
           such
           other
           free
           Nations
           ,
           why
           are
           they
           so
           extreamly
           iealous
           over
           their
           Princes
           ,
           is
           it
           for
           feare
           lest
           they
           should
           attaine
           to
           an
           absolute
           power
           ?
           It
           is
           meerely
           for
           feare
           of
           this
           bondage
           ,
           that
           their
           Princes
           will
           dote
           upon
           their
           owne
           wills
           ,
           and
           despise
           publike
           Councels
           and
           Laws
           ,
           in
           respect
           of
           their
           owne
           private
           opinions
           ;
           were
           not
           this
           the
           sting
           of
           Monarchy
           ,
           of
           all
           formes
           it
           were
           the
           most
           exquisite
           ,
           and
           to
           all
           Nations
           it
           would
           be
           the
           most
           desirable
           :
           Happy
           are
           those
           Monarchs
           which
           qualifie
           this
           sting
           ,
           and
           happy
           are
           those
           people
           which
           are
           governed
           by
           such
           Monarchs
           .
        
         
           I
           come
           now
           to
           the
           particularities
           of
           our
           own
           present
           case
           ,
           for
           it
           may
           be
           said
           ,
           that
           though
           publik
           advise
           be
           commonly
           better
           than
           private
           ,
           yet
           in
           this
           case
           it
           may
           be
           otherwise
           ;
           some
           men
           have
           advised
           the
           King
           ,
           that
           the
           Parliament
           hath
           trayterous
           designes
           both
           against
           his
           Person
           &
           Crown
           ,
           and
           not
           to
           be
           prevented
           but
           by
           absenting
           himselfe
           ,
           denying
           his
           influence
           and
           concurrence
           ,
           frustrasting
           and
           protesting
           against
           their
           proceedings
           is
           invalid
           and
           seditious
           ,
           and
           laying
           heavy
           charges
           of
           Rebellion
           upon
           them
           ,
           to
           this
           advise
           the
           King
           hearkens
           ,
           so
           the
           Parliament
           requests
           ,
           
           and
           advises
           the
           contrary
           ,
           and
           now
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           all
           our
           calamities
           ,
           of
           gasping
           
             Ireland
             ,
          
           and
           bleeding
           
             England
             ,
          
           the
           Parliament
           seeing
           that
           either
           they
           must
           make
           use
           of
           their
           legislative
           power
           and
           make
           ordinance
           to
           secure
           some
           Forts
           and
           settle
           the
           
             Militia
          
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           in
           sure
           hands
           ,
           and
           to
           prevent
           the
           seducers
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           or
           else
           two
           Kingdomes
           should
           probably
           bee
           lost
           ,
           they
           doe
           accordingly
           .
           The
           King
           proclaymes
           to
           the
           contrary
           notwithstanding
           .
           The
           question
           then
           as
           I
           conceive
           is
           this
           onely
           ,
           whether
           or
           no
           the
           King
           hath
           any
           just
           cause
           to
           suspect
           the
           Parliament
           of
           Treason
           (
           and
           can
           make
           appeare
           to
           the
           world
           as
           some
           of
           his
           Papers
           mention
           )
           wherein
           they
           have
           attempted
           or
           plotted
           any
           thing
           against
           his
           person
           and
           Crowne
           ,
           which
           was
           the
           onely
           motive
           why
           hee
           sought
           to
           absent
           himselfe
           from
           
             London
             ,
          
           and
           to
           possesse
           himselfe
           of
           
             Hull
             ,
          
           and
           to
           frame
           such
           an
           impeachment
           against
           some
           of
           both
           Houses
           ,
           if
           this
           can
           be
           affirmed
           and
           proved
           ,
           the
           Parliament
           shall
           be
           held
           guilty
           in
           all
           their
           Votes
           ,
           Ordinances
           and
           Commissions
           concerning
           Sir
           
             John
             Hotham
          
           and
           the
           
             Militia
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           Although
           it
           be
           the
           first
           time
           that
           any
           free
           Parliament
           was
           ever
           so
           criminous
           ,
           but
           if
           this
           cannot
           bee
           prooved
           ,
           it
           must
           be
           granted
           that
           according
           to
           the
           Votes
           of
           Parliaments
           ,
           the
           Kings
           departure
           did
           by
           frustrating
           Parliamentary
           proceedings
           ,
           in
           a
           time
           of
           such
           calamitie
           and
           distresse
           greatly
           indanger
           two
           Kingdomes
           ,
           and
           whosoever
           advised
           the
           King
           to
           that
           departure
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           charging
           of
           Treason
           ,
           since
           layd
           upon
           the
           Parliament
           (
           and
           all
           such
           as
           have
           obeyed
           them
           ,
           in
           seeking
           to
           prevent
           publicke
           mischeefes
           )
           are
           as
           pernicious
           enemies
           to
           this
           State
           ,
           as
           ever
           received
           their
           being
           from
           it
           .
           The
           businesse
           of
           
             Hull
          
           is
           most
           instanced
           in
           ,
           let
           that
           be
           first
           survayd
           ,
           Sir
           
             John
             Hotham
          
           is
           to
           be
           lookt
           upon
           but
           as
           the
           Actor
           ,
           the
           Parliament
           as
           the
           Author
           in
           holding
           
             Hull
             ,
          
           and
           therefore
           it
           is
           much
           wondered
           at
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           seemes
           more
           violent
           against
           the
           Actor
           then
           the
           Author
           ,
           but
           since
           through
           the
           Actor
           the
           Author
           must
           needs
           be
           pearced
           ,
           if
           the
           Act
           be
           found
           Treason
           ,
           let
           us
           consider
           of
           circumstances
           ,
           the
           same
           act
           may
           be
           treasonable
           or
           not
           ,
           if
           such
           and
           such
           circumstances
           vary
           ,
           for
           example
           ,
           to
           possesse
           a
           Towne
           and
           shut
           the
           gates
           against
           a
           King
           is
           Treason
           ,
           if
           there
           be
           not
           something
           in
           the
           act
           or
           in
           the
           intention
           ,
           or
           in
           the
           Authoritie
           of
           him
           that
           shuts
           the
           gates
           to
           qualifie
           and
           correct
           the
           nature
           of
           Treason
           in
           that
           act
           .
        
         
           The
           first
           thing
           then
           to
           be
           lookt
           on
           is
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           was
           meerely
           denyed
           entrance
           for
           that
           time
           ,
           his
           generall
           right
           was
           not
           denyed
           ,
           and
           no
           defying
           language
           was
           given
           ,
           no
           act
           of
           violence
           was
           used
           ,
           though
           
           the
           King
           for
           divers
           houres
           together
           did
           stand
           within
           Musket
           shot
           ,
           and
           did
           use
           termes
           of
           defiance
           ,
           and
           this
           makes
           the
           act
           meerely
           defensive
           ,
           or
           rather
           passive
           .
           And
           therfore
           how
           this
           should
           administer
           to
           the
           King
           any
           ground
           to
           leavy
           guards
           at
           
             Yorke
             ,
          
           many
           men
           wonder
           ,
           or
           that
           it
           should
           seeme
           the
           same
           thing
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           as
           if
           hee
           had
           beene
           pursued
           to
           the
           gates
           of
           
             Yorke
             .
          
           Did
           the
           King
           without
           any
           feare
           treate
           Sir
           
             John
             Hotham
          
           as
           a
           Traytor
           in
           the
           face
           of
           his
           Artillery
           ,
           and
           after
           to
           enter
           
             Hull
          
           with
           twentie
           Horse
           onely
           unarmed
           ,
           and
           continue
           such
           a
           harsh
           Parley
           ,
           so
           many
           houres
           ,
           and
           yet
           when
           hee
           was
           in
           
             Yorke
             ,
          
           in
           a
           County
           of
           so
           great
           assurance
           ,
           could
           nothing
           but
           so
           many
           bands
           of
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           secure
           him
           from
           the
           same
           Sir
           
             John
             Hotham
             ?
          
           The
           next
           thing
           considerable
           is
           the
           Parliaments
           intention
           :
           if
           the
           Parliament
           have
           here
           upon
           turned
           any
           of
           the
           Townesmen
           out
           of
           their
           estates
           ,
           or
           claymed
           any
           interest
           in
           it
           to
           themselves
           ,
           or
           have
           disseized
           the
           King
           ,
           utterly
           denying
           his
           right
           for
           the
           future
           ,
           or
           have
           made
           any
           other
           use
           of
           their
           possession
           ,
           but
           meerely
           to
           prevent
           civill
           warre
           ,
           and
           to
           disfurnish
           the
           Kings
           seducers
           of
           Armes
           and
           Ammunition
           :
           let
           the
           State
           bee
           branded
           with
           Treason
           ,
           but
           if
           none
           of
           these
           things
           bee
           by
           any
           credit
           ,
           though
           their
           enemies
           should
           bee
           judges
           ,
           the
           most
           essentiall
           propertie
           of
           Treason
           must
           needs
           here
           bee
           absent
           in
           this
           act
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           thing
           considerable
           is
           the
           Parliaments
           Authoritie
           ,
           if
           the
           Parliament
           bee
           not
           vertually
           the
           whole
           kingdome
           it selfe
           ,
           if
           it
           bee
           not
           the
           supreame
           judicature
           ,
           as
           well
           in
           matters
           of
           State
           as
           matters
           of
           Law
           ,
           if
           it
           be
           not
           the
           great
           Councell
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           to
           whom
           it
           belongeth
           by
           the
           consent
           of
           all
           nations
           to
           provide
           in
           all
           extraordinary
           cases
           ,
           
             Ne
             quid
             detrimenti
             capiat
             Respub
             :
          
           let
           the
           brand
           of
           Treason
           sticke
           upon
           it
           ,
           nay
           if
           the
           Parliament
           would
           have
           used
           this
           forcible
           meanes
           unlesse
           petitioning
           would
           not
           have
           prevayled
           ,
           or
           if
           their
           grounds
           of
           jealousie
           were
           merely
           vaine
           ,
           or
           if
           the
           jealousie
           of
           a
           whole
           kingdome
           can
           bee
           counted
           vaine
           ,
           or
           if
           they
           claime
           any
           such
           right
           of
           judging
           of
           danger
           ,
           and
           preventing
           them
           without
           the
           Kings
           consent
           as
           ordinary
           and
           perpetuall
           ,
           and
           without
           any
           relation
           to
           publike
           danger
           ,
           let
           the
           reward
           of
           Treason
           be
           their
           guerdon
           .
        
         
           But
           if
           their
           authoritie
           be
           so
           sacred
           ,
           their
           intention
           so
           loyall
           ,
           their
           act
           free
           from
           offensive
           violence
           ,
           and
           if
           the
           King
           might
           have
           prevented
           the
           same
           repulse
           by
           sending
           a
           messenger
           before
           hand
           ,
           or
           by
           coming
           without
           such
           considerable
           Forces
           in
           so
           unexpected
           a
           manner
           ,
           let
           not
           treason
           be
           here
           misplaced
           .
           Had
           
             Faux
          
           falne
           by
           a
           private
           mans
           
           Sword
           in
           the
           very
           instant
           ,
           when
           he
           would
           have
           given
           fire
           to
           his
           trayne
           ,
           that
           act
           had
           not
           bin
           punishable
           ;
           and
           the
           Scots
           in
           England
           tooke
           
             Newcastle
          
           but
           by
           private
           authoritie
           ,
           yet
           there
           were
           other
           qualifications
           in
           that
           act
           sufficient
           to
           purge
           it
           of
           Treason
           ,
           and
           he
           is
           not
           comprehensive
           of
           the
           value
           of
           a
           whole
           State
           ,
           nor
           of
           the
           vigour
           of
           our
           nationall
           union
           which
           does
           not
           so
           interpret
           it
           ;
           how
           much
           more
           unjust
           then
           is
           it
           that
           the
           whole
           State
           of
           England
           shall
           be
           condemned
           of
           Treason
           for
           doing
           such
           an
           act
           as
           this
           ,
           when
           its
           owne
           safetie
           ,
           wherein
           none
           can
           have
           so
           much
           interest
           as
           it selfe
           ,
           was
           so
           highly
           touched
           ?
           Let
           not
           all
           resistance
           to
           Princes
           be
           under
           one
           notion
           confounded
           ,
           let
           the
           principles
           and
           ingredients
           of
           it
           be
           justly
           examined
           ,
           and
           sometimes
           it
           will
           be
           held
           as
           pious
           and
           loyall
           to
           Princes
           themselves
           ,
           as
           at
           other
           times
           it
           is
           distructive
           and
           impious
           .
           Let
           us
           by
           the
           same
           test
           try
           the
           actions
           ,
           intentions
           ,
           and
           authoritie
           of
           the
           Papists
           now
           in
           
             Ireland
             :
          
           and
           compare
           them
           with
           this
           businesse
           at
           
             Hull
             ,
          
           and
           we
           shall
           see
           a
           diametricall
           contrarietie
           betweene
           them
           .
           Their
           actions
           are
           all
           blood
           ,
           rapine
           ,
           and
           torture
           ,
           all
           ages
           ,
           all
           sexes
           ,
           all
           conditions
           of
           men
           have
           tasted
           of
           their
           infernall
           crueltie
           .
           Their
           intentions
           are
           to
           extirpate
           that
           Religion
           which
           hath
           indeavored
           so
           long
           to
           bring
           them
           from
           Idolatry
           and
           Atheisme
           ,
           and
           to
           massacre
           that
           nation
           which
           hath
           indeavoured
           so
           gently
           to
           reduce
           them
           from
           poverty
           and
           beastiall
           barbarisme
           .
           Their
           chiefe
           leaders
           in
           this
           horrid
           tragedy
           ,
           are
           Jesuites
           and
           meere
           Bandettoes
           ,
           and
           the
           Authority
           of
           King
           ,
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           Magistracy
           is
           the
           principall
           thing
           which
           they
           strike
           at
           ,
           and
           seeke
           to
           overwhelme
           in
           this
           deplorable
           deluge
           of
           blood
           ,
           such
           a
           direct
           contrariety
           then
           being
           betwixt
           the
           true
           Rebells
           in
           
             Ireland
             ,
          
           and
           the
           misnamed
           Rebells
           here
           in
           England
           ,
           the
           same
           men
           which
           condemne
           the
           one
           ,
           if
           they
           would
           be
           true
           to
           themselves
           ,
           they
           ought
           to
           commend
           the
           other
           ,
           for
           we
           have
           had
           experience
           often
           in
           England
           ,
           and
           other
           nations
           have
           had
           the
           like
           ,
           that
           Kings
           have
           marched
           forth
           amongst
           their
           enemies
           to
           encounter
           with
           their
           friends
           ,
           so
           easily
           are
           they
           to
           be
           flattered
           into
           errour
           ,
           and
           out
           of
           errour
           to
           seeke
           the
           ruine
           of
           those
           which
           ayme
           at
           nothing
           but
           perdition
           .
           And
           yet
           questionlesse
           when
           
             Richard
          
           the
           second
           was
           invironed
           with
           the
           Forces
           of
           
             Spencer
             ,
          
           and
           his
           confederates
           ,
           vowing
           to
           sacrifice
           their
           blood
           in
           his
           quarrell
           ,
           and
           in
           defiance
           of
           the
           adverse
           trayterous
           Peeres
           ,
           he
           which
           would
           have
           told
           him
           ,
           that
           those
           Swords
           drawne
           for
           him
           ,
           were
           in
           truth
           drawne
           against
           him
           and
           his
           best
           friends
           ,
           and
           those
           Swords
           on
           the
           other
           side
           drawne
           against
           him
           ,
           or
           rather
           against
           his
           seducers
           were
           indeed
           drawne
           for
           him
           ,
           should
           have
           found
           but
           poore
           acceptance
           ,
           for
           without
           doubt
           the
           King
           would
           
           have
           thought
           such
           a
           suggestion
           an
           abuse
           to
           his
           sences
           ,
           to
           his
           reason
           ,
           to
           his
           conscience
           ,
           and
           an
           impudent
           imposture
           ,
           worthy
           of
           nothing
           but
           scorne
           and
           indignation
           .
           And
           if
           it
           had
           beene
           further
           pressed
           that
           the
           voyce
           and
           councell
           of
           the
           Peeres
           was
           the
           voyce
           and
           councell
           of
           the
           major
           and
           better
           part
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           whereas
           
             Spencers
          
           party
           was
           but
           of
           inconsiderable
           fortunes
           ,
           and
           his
           Councell
           was
           but
           private
           ,
           and
           might
           tend
           to
           private
           ends
           ,
           it
           is
           likely
           the
           King
           at
           the
           last
           resort
           ;
           would
           have
           referred
           all
           to
           his
           owne
           will
           and
           discretion
           ;
           but
           I
           have
           now
           done
           with
           the
           businesse
           of
           
             Hull
             ,
          
           and
           therein
           I
           thinke
           with
           all
           objections
           against
           the
           Loyaltie
           of
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           for
           the
           same
           reason
           will
           extend
           to
           all
           their
           Votes
           and
           actions
           concerning
           the
           
             Militia
             ,
             &c.
          
           and
           in
           summe
           all
           ends
           in
           this
           ;
           if
           Kings
           bee
           so
           inclineable
           to
           follow
           private
           advise
           rather
           then
           publique
           ,
           and
           to
           preferre
           that
           which
           closes
           with
           their
           naturall
           impotent
           ambition
           ,
           before
           that
           which
           crosses
           the
           same
           ,
           are
           without
           all
           limits
           ,
           then
           they
           may
           destroy
           their
           best
           subjects
           at
           pleasure
           ,
           and
           all
           Charters
           and
           Lawes
           of
           publike
           safetie
           and
           freedome
           are
           voyd
           ,
           and
           God
           hath
           not
           left
           humane
           nature
           any
           meanes
           of
           sufficient
           preservation
           .
           But
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           if
           there
           bee
           any
           benefit
           in
           Lawes
           to
           limit
           Princes
           when
           they
           are
           seduced
           by
           Privadoes
           ,
           and
           will
           not
           hearken
           to
           the
           Great
           Councell
           of
           the
           Land
           ,
           doubtlesse
           there
           must
           be
           some
           Court
           to
           judge
           of
           that
           seducement
           ,
           and
           some
           authoritie
           to
           inforce
           that
           iudgement
           ,
           and
           that
           Court
           and
           Authoritie
           must
           bee
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           or
           some
           higher
           Tribunall
           ,
           there
           can
           be
           no
           more
           certaine
           Crisis
           of
           seducement
           ,
           then
           of
           preferring
           private
           advise
           before
           publike
           .
           But
           the
           King
           declines
           this
           point
           ,
           and
           saith
           ,
           that
           hee
           doth
           not
           undervalue
           the
           whole
           Parliament
           ,
           or
           lay
           charge
           of
           Treason
           upon
           all
           ,
           he
           doth
           confesse
           that
           divers
           have
           dissented
           ,
           and
           divers
           beene
           absent
           ,
           &c.
           hee
           deserts
           onely
           ,
           and
           accuses
           the
           faction
           and
           conspiracy
           of
           some
           few
           in
           Parliament
           .
           Wee
           are
           now
           at
           last
           fallen
           upon
           an
           issue
           fit
           to
           put
           an
           end
           to
           all
           other
           invectives
           ,
           let
           us
           sticke
           close
           to
           it
           .
           The
           King
           promises
           very
           shortly
           a
           full
           and
           satisfactory
           narration
           of
           those
           few
           persons
           in
           Parliament
           :
           whose
           designe
           is
           ,
           and
           alwayes
           was
           to
           alter
           the
           whole
           frame
           of
           government
           both
           in
           Church
           and
           State
           ,
           and
           to
           subject
           both
           King
           and
           people
           to
           their
           owne
           lawlesse
           Arbitrary
           power
           and
           government
           ;
           a
           little
           of
           this
           Logicke
           is
           better
           then
           a
           great
           deale
           of
           Rhetoricke
           ,
           as
           the
           case
           now
           stands
           .
           If
           the
           King
           will
           please
           now
           to
           publish
           the
           particular
           crimes
           of
           such
           ,
           as
           hee
           hath
           formerly
           impeached
           of
           Treason
           ,
           and
           the
           particular
           
           names
           of
           such
           as
           now
           hee
           sets
           forth
           in
           those
           Characters
           ,
           and
           will
           therein
           referre
           himselfe
           to
           the
           strength
           of
           his
           proofes
           ,
           and
           evidence
           of
           his
           matter
           ,
           it
           is
           impossible
           that
           any
           jealousie
           can
           cloud
           his
           integretie
           ,
           or
           checke
           his
           power
           any
           longer
           ;
           Then
           it
           will
           appeare
           to
           all
           ,
           that
           he
           hath
           not
           left
           us
           ,
           out
           of
           any
           disaffection
           to
           Parliaments
           ,
           or
           out
           of
           any
           good
           opinion
           of
           Papists
           ,
           Delinquents
           ,
           and
           other
           Incendiaries
           ,
           but
           that
           hee
           was
           necessitated
           to
           depart
           from
           us
           ,
           that
           hee
           might
           be
           the
           better
           able
           to
           preserve
           to
           us
           our
           Religion
           ,
           Lawes
           and
           liberties
           ,
           and
           that
           none
           of
           his
           solemne
           oathes
           of
           cordiall
           love
           to
           us
           hath
           wanted
           integretie
           and
           faith
           .
           This
           will
           satisfie
           all
           lovers
           of
           Justice
           ,
           that
           he
           gives
           not
           light
           credit
           to
           weake
           whisperers
           or
           malitious
           informers
           (
           whose
           ayme
           may
           bee
           to
           bring
           this
           Parliament
           to
           some
           ignoble
           tryall
           ,
           or
           to
           confound
           it
           without
           any
           tryall
           at
           all
           by
           generall
           aspertions
           and
           meere
           calumnious
           surmises
           )
           this
           will
           proclaime
           his
           cander
           and
           sinceritie
           ,
           and
           set
           a
           brighter
           luster
           upon
           his
           Justice
           ,
           then
           any
           oratory
           whatsoever
           .
           By
           the
           performance
           of
           this
           promise
           he
           shall
           not
           doe
           onely
           right
           to
           himselfe
           ,
           but
           also
           to
           the
           whole
           kingdome
           ,
           for
           the
           distracted
           multitude
           ,
           being
           at
           last
           by
           this
           meanes
           undeceived
           ,
           shall
           not
           onely
           prostrate
           themselves
           ,
           and
           all
           their
           power
           presently
           at
           his
           feet
           ,
           but
           for
           ever
           after
           remaine
           the
           more
           assured
           of
           his
           good
           ,
           whether
           to
           publike
           liberties
           and
           Parliamentary
           Priviledges
           .
           Howsoever
           nothing
           but
           the
           awfull
           promise
           of
           a
           King
           could
           make
           us
           thinke
           so
           dishonorably
           of
           Parliaments
           ,
           or
           suspend
           our
           judgements
           so
           long
           of
           them
           ;
           for
           an
           Aristocracy
           in
           Parliament
           cannot
           bee
           erected
           without
           meanes
           ,
           and
           what
           this
           meanes
           shall
           be
           ,
           is
           yet
           to
           us
           altogether
           inscrutible
           ,
           for
           the
           power
           of
           Parliaments
           is
           but
           derivative
           and
           depending
           upon
           publike
           consent
           ,
           and
           how
           publike
           consent
           should
           be
           gained
           for
           the
           erection
           of
           a
           new
           unlawfull
           odious
           tiranny
           amongst
           us
           ,
           is
           not
           discernable
           ,
           the
           whole
           kingdome
           is
           not
           to
           bee
           mastered
           against
           consent
           ,
           by
           the
           Traine
           Band
           ,
           nor
           the
           Traine
           Bands
           by
           the
           Lords
           or
           debutie
           Lievtenants
           ,
           nor
           they
           by
           the
           maior
           part
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           nor
           the
           maior
           part
           in
           Parliament
           by
           I
           know
           not
           what
           
             septem-virat
             ,
          
           there
           is
           some
           mistery
           in
           this
           which
           seemes
           yet
           above
           ,
           if
           not
           contrary
           to
           nature
           ,
           but
           since
           the
           King
           hath
           promised
           to
           open
           it
           ,
           we
           will
           suspend
           our
           opinion
           and
           expect
           it
           as
           the
           finall
           issue
           of
           all
           our
           disputes
           .
        
         
           The
           maine
           body
           of
           the
           difference
           being
           thus
           stated
           ,
           I
           come
           now
           to
           the
           observations
           of
           some
           other
           severall
           obiections
           against
           this
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           exceptions
           taken
           against
           arbitrary
           power
           in
           all
           Parliaments
           ,
           and
           I
           shall
           observe
           no
           order
           ,
           but
           consider
           them
           
           as
           I
           finde
           them
           ,
           either
           dispersed
           or
           recollected
           in
           the
           Kings
           late
           Expresses
           .
        
         
           
             The
             Parliament
             being
             complayned
             against
             for
             undutifull
             usage
             to
             the
             King
             above
             all
             former
             Parliaments
             ,
             hath
             said
             ,
          
           that
           if
           they
           should
           make
           the
           highest
           presidents
           of
           other
           Parliaments
           their
           patterne
           ,
           there
           would
           be
           no
           cause
           to
           complaine
           of
           want
           of
           modesty
           and
           dutie
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           ,
           because
           some
           Parliaments
           formerly
           have
           deposed
           Kings
           ,
           applyes
           these
           words
           to
           those
           Presidents
           ,
           but
           it
           may
           iustly
           be
           denyed
           that
           free
           Parliaments
           did
           ever
           truely
           consent
           to
           the
           dethroaning
           of
           any
           King
           of
           England
           ,
           for
           that
           Act
           whereby
           
             Richard
          
           the
           second
           was
           deposed
           ,
           was
           rather
           the
           Act
           of
           
             Hen.
          
           the
           fourth
           ,
           and
           his
           victorious
           Army
           ,
           then
           of
           the
           whole
           Kingdome
           .
        
         
           The
           Parliament
           is
           taxed
           of
           reproaching
           this
           Kings
           government
           ,
           to
           render
           him
           odious
           to
           his
           subiects
           ,
           whereas
           indeed
           all
           the
           miscariages
           and
           grievous
           oppressions
           of
           former
           times
           are
           solely
           imputed
           to
           the
           ill
           Ministers
           and
           Councellors
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           
             And
             all
             the
             misfortunes
             of
             these
             times
             since
             November
             ,
             1640.
             are
             imputed
             to
             the
             blame
             of
             the
             Parliament
             :
          
           the
           Kings
           words
           to
           the
           Parliament
           are
           ,
           
             That
             the
             condition
             of
             his
             Subjects
             when
             it
             was
             at
             worst
             under
             his
             government
             was
             by
             many
             degrees
             more
             pleasant
             and
             happy
             then
             this
             to
             which
             the
             Parliaments
             furious
             pretences
             of
             reformation
             hath
             brought
             them
             to
             .
          
           In
           this
           case
           the
           Parliament
           being
           accused
           of
           so
           haynous
           crimes
           ,
           did
           uniustly
           betray
           themselves
           ,
           if
           they
           should
           not
           lay
           the
           blame
           upon
           the
           Kings
           evill
           Councellors
           ,
           the
           onely
           enemies
           and
           interrupters
           of
           Parliaments
           .
           Neverthelesse
           the
           King
           takes
           this
           as
           a
           way
           of
           the
           Parliament
           to
           let
           them
           into
           their
           franke
           expressions
           of
           him
           and
           his
           actions
           ,
           and
           takes
           all
           things
           spoken
           against
           his
           ministers
           ,
           as
           spoken
           against
           himselfe
           ,
           how
           miserable
           here
           is
           the
           condition
           of
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           eyther
           they
           must
           sinke
           under
           uniust
           charges
           ,
           or
           be
           censured
           for
           the
           reproachers
           of
           their
           king
           ,
           nay
           they
           are
           undutifull
           ,
           if
           they
           tell
           not
           the
           King
           himselfe
           ,
           that
           he
           ought
           not
           to
           onerate
           himselfe
           with
           the
           blame
           of
           his
           Councellors
           .
        
         
           The
           Parliament
           ,
           because
           it
           could
           not
           obtaine
           no
           equall
           Justice
           from
           the
           Court-Caveleers
           ,
           who
           are
           conceived
           to
           be
           the
           first
           moovers
           of
           those
           stirres
           and
           tumults
           which
           happened
           at
           
             Westminster
             ,
          
           did
           reserve
           the
           hearing
           of
           some
           of
           the
           contrary
           side
           it selfe
           ,
           upon
           this
           it
           is
           objected
           ,
           
             that
             the
             Parliament
             incited
             those
             seditious
             ;
             and
             protected
             the
             actors
             in
             it
             ,
          
           whereas
           they
           desire
           Justice
           yet
           ,
           and
           that
           both
           sides
           may
           be
           brought
           fairely
           to
           an
           equall
           hearing
           ,
           and
           before
           such
           hearing
           they
           desire
           that
           no
           parties
           may
           be
           condemned
           .
        
         
         
           And
           whereas
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           upon
           those
           rude
           commotions
           ,
           are
           condemned
           as
           unheard
           ,
           and
           of
           that
           which
           is
           unproved
           ,
           and
           never
           can
           be
           proved
           ,
           
             That
             they
             leavyed
             Warre
             upon
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             drove
             him
             away
             ,
          
           yet
           they
           desire
           that
           that
           meer
           imputation
           may
           not
           draw
           any
           further
           opposition
           to
           their
           proceedings
           ,
           and
           the
           necessities
           of
           the
           State
           ;
           for
           if
           the
           King
           could
           not
           stay
           at
           
             London
          
           with
           safety
           ,
           yet
           being
           now
           at
           
             York
          
           in
           safety
           ,
           he
           may
           concurre
           with
           the
           advice
           of
           his
           Parliament
           ;
           the
           distance
           of
           the
           place
           needs
           not
           cause
           any
           distance
           of
           affection
           ,
           since
           the
           King
           conceives
           
             He
             hath
             so
             few
             enemies
             ,
             and
             assures
             himself
             of
             so
             many
             friends
             in
             Parliament
             .
          
        
         
           The
           Parliament
           sayes
           ,
           
             That
             none
             of
             its
             Members
             may
             be
             apprehended
             in
             case
             of
             suspicion
             ,
             where
             no
             information
             or
             witnesses
             appear
             ,
             to
             make
             good
             the
             Prosecution
             ,
             without
             acquainting
             the
             Parliament
             ,
             if
             leave
             may
             be
             conveniently
             obtained
             .
          
           In
           opposition
           to
           this
           a
           case
           is
           put
           ,
           
             Of
             a
             Parliament-man
             that
             rides
             from
          
           York
           
             to
          
           London
           ,
           
             and
             takes
             a
             purse
             by
             the
             way
             ,
          
           the
           Parliament
           doth
           not
           priviledge
           Robberies
           so
           done
           ;
           for
           though
           no
           such
           thing
           be
           likely
           ever
           to
           be
           done
           ,
           yet
           if
           it
           be
           ,
           in
           that
           case
           the
           evidence
           of
           the
           fact
           in
           that
           instant
           ,
           allowes
           not
           onely
           the
           apprehending
           ,
           but
           the
           casuall
           killing
           of
           such
           a
           Robber
           :
           Who
           sees
           not
           many
           differences
           betwixt
           such
           a
           case
           ,
           and
           that
           of
           the
           five
           Members
           of
           the
           lower
           House
           ,
           where
           neither
           Witnesses
           ,
           not
           Informers
           ,
           nor
           Relaters
           ,
           nor
           any
           particularity
           of
           crime
           could
           be
           produced
           ?
           and
           yet
           by
           the
           same
           act
           the
           whole
           House
           might
           have
           been
           surprized
           :
           And
           all
           the
           world
           knows
           ,
           That
           the
           impeached
           Members
           still
           suffer
           by
           that
           Charge
           ,
           and
           yet
           can
           obtain
           no
           right
           against
           any
           Informers
           ,
           though
           it
           be
           now
           converted
           to
           their
           disadvantage
           .
        
         
           The
           Parliament
           does
           not
           deny
           the
           King
           a
           true-reall
           Interest
           in
           any
           thing
           held
           by
           him
           ,
           either
           
             in
             jure
             Coronae
             ,
             or
             in
             jurae
             Personae
             ,
          
           yet
           meerly
           because
           it
           affirms
           ,
           That
           in
           the
           same
           thing
           the
           State
           hath
           an
           Interest
           Paramont
           in
           cases
           of
           publique
           extremity
           ;
           by
           vertue
           of
           which
           it
           may
           justly
           seize
           ,
           and
           use
           the
           same
           for
           its
           own
           necessary
           preservation
           .
           Hereupon
           ,
           the
           King
           replies
           ,
           
             That
             this
             utterly
             abolishes
             His
             Interest
             in
             all
             things
             ,
             so
             that
             by
             this
             device
             ,
             He
             is
             made
             uncapable
             ,
             either
             of
             suffering
             wrong
             ,
             or
             receiving
             right
             :
          
           a
           strange
           violented
           wrested
           conclusion
           ;
           and
           yet
           the
           Kings
           Interest
           in
           
             Hull
             ,
          
           and
           in
           the
           lives
           of
           his
           subjects
           ,
           is
           not
           such
           an
           Interest
           as
           in
           other
           moveables
           ,
           neither
           is
           the
           Kings
           Interest
           taken
           away
           from
           him
           ;
           the
           same
           things
           are
           still
           reserved
           for
           him
           ,
           in
           better
           hands
           then
           he
           would
           have
           put
           them
           .
           The
           Parliament
           maintains
           its
           own
           Councell
           to
           be
           of
           honour
           and
           
           power
           above
           all
           other
           ,
           and
           when
           it
           is
           unjustly
           rejected
           ,
           by
           a
           King
           seduced
           ,
           and
           abused
           by
           private
           flatterers
           ,
           to
           the
           danger
           of
           the
           Common-wealth
           ,
           it
           assumes
           a
           right
           to
           judge
           of
           that
           danger
           ,
           and
           to
           prevent
           it
           :
           the
           King
           sayes
           ,
           
             That
             this
             gives
             them
             an
             arbitrary
             unlimitable
             power
             to
             unsettle
             the
             security
             of
             all
             mens
             estates
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             are
             seduceable
             ,
             and
             may
             abuse
             this
             power
             ,
             nay
             they
             have
             abused
             it
             ;
          
           and
           he
           cites
           the
           Anabaptists
           in
           
             Germany
             ,
          
           and
           the
           30
           Tyrants
           at
           
             Athens
             .
          
           That
           there
           is
           an
           Arbitrary
           power
           in
           every
           State
           somewhere
           t
           is
           true
           ,
           t
           is
           necessary
           ,
           and
           no
           inconvenience
           follows
           upon
           it
           ;
           every
           man
           has
           an
           absolute
           power
           over
           himself
           ;
           but
           because
           no
           man
           can
           hate
           himself
           ,
           this
           power
           is
           not
           dangerous
           ,
           nor
           need
           to
           be
           restrayned
           :
           So
           every
           State
           has
           an
           Arbitrary
           power
           over
           it self
           ,
           and
           there
           is
           no
           danger
           in
           it
           for
           the
           same
           reason
           .
           If
           the
           State
           intrusts
           this
           to
           one
           man
           ,
           or
           few
           ,
           there
           may
           be
           danger
           in
           it
           ;
           but
           the
           Parliament
           is
           neither
           one
           nor
           few
           ,
           it
           is
           indeed
           the
           State
           it self
           ;
           it
           is
           no
           good
           consequence
           ,
           though
           the
           King
           makes
           so
           much
           use
           of
           it
           ,
           That
           the
           Parliament
           doth
           abuse
           power
           ,
           because
           it
           may
           :
           The
           King
           would
           think
           it
           hard
           that
           we
           should
           conclude
           so
           against
           him
           ,
           and
           yet
           the
           King
           challenges
           a
           greater
           power
           then
           Parliaments
           :
           and
           indeed
           if
           the
           Parliament
           may
           not
           save
           the
           Kingdome
           without
           the
           King
           ,
           the
           King
           may
           destroy
           the
           Kingdom
           in
           despight
           of
           the
           Parliament
           ;
           and
           whether
           then
           challenges
           that
           which
           is
           most
           Arbitrary
           ,
           and
           of
           most
           danger
           ?
           but
           the
           King
           sayes
           ,
           
             This
             Parliament
             has
             abused
             their
             power
             .
          
           (
           I
           wish
           Kings
           had
           never
           abused
           theirs
           more
           )
           And
           the
           Parliament
           answers
           ,
           
             That
             this
             is
             but
             his
             nude
             avirment
             ,
             and
             in
             controversies
             that
             ought
             not
             to
             condemn
             private
             men
             ,
             much
             lesse
             ought
             Parliaments
             to
             fall
             under
             it
             .
          
           And
           as
           for
           Mr
           
             Hooker
             ,
          
           he
           does
           not
           say
           ,
           That
           the
           Anabaptists
           in
           
             Germany
          
           did
           deceive
           Parliaments
           with
           their
           hypocrisie
           ,
           and
           therefore
           inferre
           that
           Parliaments
           ought
           no
           further
           to
           be
           trusted
           :
           the
           stirres
           of
           the
           Anabaptists
           in
           
             Germany
          
           conclude
           no
           more
           against
           Parliaments
           ,
           then
           the
           impostures
           of
           
             Mahomet
          
           in
           
             Arabia
          
           do
           .
           
             And
             as
             for
             the
             30
             Tyrants
             of
             Athens
             ,
          
           we
           know
           they
           were
           not
           so
           chosen
           by
           the
           people
           ,
           as
           our
           Knights
           ,
           Citizens
           ,
           and
           Burgesses
           are
           ,
           nor
           created
           or
           called
           by
           any
           Kings
           Writ
           ,
           as
           our
           Peers
           are
           ;
           nor
           did
           they
           so
           meerly
           depend
           upon
           their
           own
           good
           abearing
           ,
           and
           the
           good
           liking
           both
           of
           King
           and
           State
           ,
           as
           our
           Lords
           and
           Commons
           now
           do
           ;
           neither
           had
           they
           so
           many
           equalls
           and
           Rivalls
           as
           both
           our
           Houses
           contain
           :
           we
           know
           their
           power
           was
           not
           founded
           upon
           the
           consent
           of
           the
           Citizens
           ,
           but
           the
           strength
           of
           their
           Souldiers
           ;
           neither
           were
           their
           Souldiers
           such
           as
           our
           Train
           Bands
           ,
           
           but
           meer
           mercinaries
           of
           desperate
           ,
           or
           perhaps
           no
           Fortunes
           ,
           whose
           Revenue
           was
           rapine
           ,
           whose
           Trade
           was
           murther
           :
           I
           fear
           they
           were
           more
           like
           our
           Cavaliers
           at
           
             Yorke
             ,
          
           then
           the
           
             Militia
          
           at
           
             London
             :
          
           Were
           our
           new
           
             Militia
          
           any
           other
           our
           old
           Trayn
           Bands
           ,
           or
           our
           new
           Lievtenants
           ,
           and
           Deputies
           ,
           any
           other
           then
           the
           same
           Lords
           and
           Gentlemen
           ,
           with
           very
           little
           variation
           ,
           which
           before
           were
           very
           well
           reputed
           of
           ,
           both
           by
           King
           and
           Commons
           ,
           and
           not
           yet
           by
           either
           excepted
           against
           ,
           or
           did
           the
           whole
           fate
           of
           the
           kingdom
           depend
           meerly
           upon
           the
           new
           
             Militia
             ,
          
           this
           new
           device
           of
           an
           
             Aristocrasie
          
           might
           seem
           the
           more
           plausible
           ;
           but
           as
           things
           now
           stand
           ,
           this
           new
           
             Aristocraticall
          
           Fabrick
           cannot
           seem
           to
           any
           impartiall
           man
           ,
           but
           as
           empty
           a
           shadow
           ,
           and
           ayrie
           a
           dream
           as
           ever
           mans
           fancie
           abused
           it self
           withall
           .
        
         
           The
           Parliament
           sayes
           ,
           
             That
             the
             Kings
             power
             is
             fiduciary
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             be
             used
             against
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             but
             for
             it
             only
             :
          
           The
           King
           hereupon
           demands
           ,
           
             May
             any
             thing
             be
             taken
             from
             a
             man
             ,
             because
             he
             is
             trusted
             with
             it
             ?
             Or
             may
             the
             person
             himself
             take
             away
             the
             thing
             he
             trusts
             when
             be
             will
             ,
             and
             how
             he
             will
             ?
          
           Our
           case
           of
           
             Hull
          
           is
           not
           so
           generall
           ,
           The
           things
           there
           remaining
           in
           the
           Kings
           trust
           for
           the
           use
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           were
           Arms
           ,
           and
           by
           consequence
           of
           more
           danger
           ,
           then
           other
           kinde
           of
           Chattels
           .
           And
           if
           I
           intrust
           my
           cloak
           to
           anothers
           custody
           ,
           I
           may
           not
           take
           it
           away
           again
           by
           force
           ;
           But
           if
           it
           be
           my
           sword
           ,
           and
           there
           is
           strong
           presumption
           ,
           that
           it
           may
           be
           drawn
           upon
           me
           ,
           I
           may
           use
           any
           means
           to
           secure
           it
           .
        
         
           The
           Parliament
           claims
           a
           right
           of
           declaring
           ,
           and
           interpreting
           Law
           .
           The
           King
           makes
           this
           question
           thereupon
           ?
           
             Is
             the
             Law
             it self
             subject
             to
             your
             Votes
             ,
             that
             whatsoever
             you
             say
             ,
             or
             do
             ,
             shall
             be
             lawfull
             ,
             because
             you
             declare
             it
             so
             ?
             Am
             I
             supream
             ,
             and
             yet
             you
             above
             me
             ?
             Must
             my
             power
             be
             governed
             by
             your
             discretion
             ?
          
           This
           is
           the
           Popes
           Arrogance
           ,
           That
           all
           must
           submit
           their
           understanding
           ,
           and
           Scripture
           it self
           ,
           to
           His
           declaring
           power
           :
           and
           a
           case
           is
           put
           of
           the
           Irish
           Rebels
           ,
           making
           themselves
           a
           major
           part
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           so
           voting
           against
           the
           true
           Religion
           ,
           &c.
           
           In
           perspicuous
           ,
           uncontroverted
           things
           ,
           the
           Law
           is
           it
           own
           interpreter
           ,
           and
           there
           no
           Judge
           is
           requisite
           ,
           and
           the
           Parliament
           cannot
           be
           taxed
           to
           have
           declared
           Law
           by
           the
           rule
           of
           their
           Actions
           ;
           They
           have
           squared
           their
           Actions
           according
           to
           Law
           ,
           They
           may
           be
           censured
           ,
           but
           they
           cannot
           be
           convinced
           of
           any
           injustice
           .
           T
           is
           true
           ,
           In
           meer
           matters
           of
           State
           ,
           the
           Parliament
           
           is
           not
           bound
           to
           strict
           presidents
           at
           all
           times
           ,
           but
           in
           matters
           of
           right
           ,
           and
           justic●
           they
           have
           not
           deviated
           ,
           either
           to
           the
           right
           hand
           ,
           or
           to
           the
           left
           :
           Howsoeve●
           ,
           In
           matters
           of
           Law
           and
           State
           both
           ,
           where
           ambiguity
           is
           ,
           some
           determin●●ion
           must
           be
           supream
           ,
           and
           therein
           ,
           either
           the
           K●ngs
           power
           and
           t●ust
           must
           be
           guided
           by
           the
           discre●ion
           of
           the
           Parliament
           ;
           or
           else
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           all
           other
           Courts
           must
           be
           overruled
           by
           the
           Kings
           meer
           discretion
           ;
           and
           there
           can
           be
           nothing
           said
           against
           the
           Arbitrary
           supremacy
           of
           Parliaments
           ,
           &c.
           
           But
           farre
           more
           upon
           better
           grounds
           ,
           may
           be
           said
           against
           the
           Arbitrary
           supremacy
           of
           the
           King
           .
           As
           for
           the
           Popes
           Arrogance
           ,
           who
           undertakes
           to
           interpret
           Scripture
           where
           it
           wants
           no
           interpreter
           ,
           And
           in
           matters
           of
           meer
           opinion
           to
           usurpe
           over
           al●
           mens
           consciences
           ;
           As
           if
           he
           had
           an
           infallibility
           in
           his
           sole
           breast
           .
           He
           is
           not
           an
           instance
           so
           fitly
           to
           be
           alleaged
           against
           Parliaments
           ,
           as
           Princes
           ,
           For
           slavish
           very
           probable
           ,
           That
           if
           the
           Church
           had
           not
           submitted
           it self
           to
           so
           〈◊〉
           a
           condition
           under
           one
           Man
           ,
           but
           had
           been
           governed
           by
           some
           generall
           Junto
           of
           Divines
           fairly
           elected
           ,
           it
           had
           never
           swerved
           into
           such
           soul
           idolatry
           ,
           and
           superstition
           ,
           as
           it
           has
           done
           .
        
         
           As
           for
           the
           case
           of
           
             Ireland
             ,
          
           I
           conceive
           ,
           t
           is
           improperly
           urged
           ;
           For
           
             England
          
           and
           
             Ireland
          
           are
           one
           and
           the
           same
           Dominion
           ,
           There
           is
           as
           true
           and
           intimate
           an
           Union
           betwixt
           them
           ,
           as
           betwixt
           
             England
          
           and
           
             Wales
             ;
          
           And
           though
           by
           reason
           of
           remote
           situation
           ,
           they
           do
           not
           meet
           in
           one
           ,
           and
           the
           same
           Parliament
           ;
           yet
           their
           Parliaments
           ,
           as
           to
           some
           purposes
           ,
           are
           not
           to
           be
           held
           severall
           Parliaments
           .
           And
           therefore
           ,
           if
           the
           papists
           in
           
             Ireland
          
           were
           stronger
           ,
           and
           had
           more
           Votes
           in
           Parliament
           then
           the
           Protestants
           ,
           yet
           they
           would
           want
           authority
           to
           overrule
           any
           thing
           voted
           ,
           and
           established
           before
           in
           
             England
             .
          
           For
           the
           reason
           ,
           why
           the
           minor
           part
           in
           all
           suffrages
           subscribes
           to
           the
           major
           is
           ,
           That
           bloud
           may
           not
           be
           shed
           .
           For
           in
           probability
           ,
           The
           major
           part
           will
           prevail
           ,
           and
           else
           strife
           ,
           and
           bloudshed
           would
           be
           endlesse
           :
           Wherefore
           the
           major
           part
           in
           
             Ireland
             ,
          
           by
           the
           same
           reason
           ought
           to
           sit
           down
           and
           acquiesce
           ,
           because
           
             Ireland
          
           is
           not
           a
           severall
           monarchy
           from
           
             England
             ;
          
           nor
           is
           that
           a
           major
           part
           of
           
             Ireland
             ,
          
           and
           
             England
          
           too
           ;
           for
           if
           it
           were
           ,
           it
           would
           give
           Law
           to
           us
           ,
           as
           we
           now
           give
           Law
           there
           ;
           and
           their
           Statutes
           would
           be
           of
           as
           much
           vertue
           here
           ,
           as
           ours
           are
           there
           .
        
         
           The
           Parliament
           
             In
             case
             of
             extream
             danger
             ,
             challenges
             an
             Authority
             of
             setling
             the
             Militia
             in
             sure
             hands
             ,
             and
             removing
             doubtfull
             persons
             ;
             if
             the
             King
             will
             not
             be
             entreated
             to
             do
             it
             of
             himself
             ?
          
           The
           Kings
           sayes
           ,
           
             This
             is
             to
             put
             
             His
             intrusted
             power
             out
             of
             Himself
             into
             others
             ,
             and
             so
             to
             devest
             and
             disable
             Himself
             for
             the
             protection
             of
             His
             people
             .
          
           This
           is
           a
           strange
           mistake
           .
           The
           Parliament
           desires
           no
           removeall
           of
           that
           power
           which
           was
           in
           the
           King
           ,
           But
           that
           which
           was
           in
           such
           or
           such
           a
           Substitute
           ?
           And
           how
           doe
           this
           devest
           and
           disable
           the
           King
           ?
           And
           if
           the
           King
           sayes
           ,
           That
           He
           has
           a
           better
           opinion
           of
           such
           a
           Substitute
           ,
           then
           of
           an
           other
           ,
           Though
           the
           Parliament
           conceive
           otherwise
           ,
           Then
           what
           does
           He
           but
           prefer
           His
           own
           private
           opinion
           before
           the
           most
           Honourable
           of
           all
           Councells
           ,
           before
           the
           voyce
           of
           the
           whole
           Kingdom
           ?
           What
           higher
           Law
           then
           have
           we
           remaining
           then
           the
           Kings
           will
           ?
           And
           as
           for
           his
           account
           to
           God
           ,
           will
           it
           be
           easie
           ▪
           for
           him
           to
           pleade
           ,
           That
           he
           used
           such
           an
           instrument
           of
           His
           own
           meer
           discretion
           against
           publike
           advice
           if
           things
           prove
           unhappy
           ,
           then
           that
           He
           followed
           the
           most
           noble
           Councell
           ,
           and
           such
           whose
           lifes
           ,
           fortunes
           ,
           and
           interests
           ,
           were
           most
           deeply
           concerned
           in
           it
           ?
           And
           as
           for
           those
           absurde
           unreasonable
           ,
           incredible
           suppositions
           of
           the
           injustice
           ,
           and
           treasons
           of
           Parliaments
           ,
           as
           if
           they
           were
           lesse
           carefull
           of
           the
           publike
           good
           ,
           then
           single
           Rulers
           ,
           Though
           it
           be
           spoken
           in
           derision
           ,
           wise
           men
           perhaps
           may
           be
           not
           so
           apt
           to
           laugh
           in
           applause
           ,
           as
           in
           contempt
           of
           it
           .
           For
           how
           has
           the
           Parliament
           removed
           the
           rub
           of
           all
           Law
           out
           of
           its
           way
           ,
           because
           it
           assumes
           to
           it self
           to
           be
           higher
           then
           any
           other
           Court
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           in
           declaring
           Law
           ,
           as
           farre
           beyond
           the
           Kings
           single
           countermands
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           as
           other
           inferiour
           Courts
           are
           out
           of
           Parliaments
           ?
           Or
           how
           ,
           has
           it
           erected
           a
           new
           upstart
           Authority
           to
           affront
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           maintain
           an
           Aristocraticall
           usurpations
           ,
           when
           the
           main
           body
           of
           the
           
             Militia
          
           is
           still
           the
           same
           as
           it
           was
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           the
           King
           professes
           no
           suspition
           of
           ,
           and
           no
           alteration
           is
           of
           the
           heads
           thereof
           ,
           except
           only
           in
           some
           few
           popishly
           inclined
           ,
           or
           not
           publikely
           so
           honoured
           ,
           and
           confided
           in
           as
           they
           ought
           ?
           And
           when
           the
           same
           Allegiance
           is
           performed
           ,
           The
           same
           Supremacy
           of
           power
           confessed
           to
           be
           now
           in
           the
           King
           over
           the
           
             Militia
             ,
          
           as
           has
           ever
           been
           ?
           N●y
           ,
           What
           ground
           can
           there
           be
           for
           this
           imaginary
           usurpation
           ,
           when
           the
           King
           professes
           ,
           He
           fixes
           not
           that
           traiterous
           designe
           upon
           both
           ,
           or
           either
           House
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           being
           most
           confident
           of
           the
           Loyalty
           ,
           Good
           Affectio●s
           ▪
           and
           Integrity
           of
           that
           great
           Body
           ?
           Is
           the
           main
           body
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           loyall
           ?
           Is
           the
           main
           body
           of
           the
           Parliament
           loyall
           ?
           Is
           the
           King
           true
           to
           Himself
           ?
           And
           is
           all
           His
           great
           partie
           of
           Clergymen
           ,
           Courtiers
           ,
           Souldiers
           ,
           &c.
           constant
           ?
           And
           yet
           is
           there
           a
           machination
           in
           hand
           ,
           to
           introduce
           Aristocraticall
           usurpation
           odious
           to
           all
           men
           ;
           which
           neither
           
           Kingdom
           ,
           Parliament
           ,
           King
           ,
           nor
           all
           the
           Royallists
           can
           oppose
           ?
           What
           a
           strange
           unlathomable
           machination
           ,
           and
           work
           of
           darknesse
           is
           this
           ?
           
             But
             this
             is
             said
             to
             be
             done
             by
             cunning
             ,
             force
             ,
             absence
             ,
             or
             accident
             .
          
           If
           it
           be
           by
           cunning
           ,
           Then
           we
           must
           suppose
           that
           the
           Kings
           party
           in
           Parliament
           has
           lost
           all
           their
           Law
           ,
           policy
           ,
           and
           subtilty
           ,
           And
           that
           all
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           except
           some
           few
           are
           luld-a-sleep
           by
           
             Mercuries
          
           Minstrelsie
           ;
           or
           that
           some
           diabolicall
           charme
           has
           closed
           up
           all
           their
           various
           eyes
           .
           If
           it
           be
           by
           force
           ,
           Then
           we
           must
           suppose
           that
           our
           Aristocraticall
           heads
           carry
           about
           them
           great
           store
           of
           that
           Serpents
           teeth
           which
           yeilded
           heretofore
           so
           sudden
           and
           plentifull
           a
           harvest
           of
           armed
           men
           ,
           being
           but
           cast
           into
           the
           furrows
           of
           the
           earth
           ,
           Though
           their
           armies
           have
           been
           hitherto
           invisible
           ,
           yet
           we
           must
           suppose
           ,
           That
           they
           are
           in
           a
           readinesse
           to
           rise
           upon
           the
           first
           Alarum
           beaten
           .
           If
           it
           be
           by
           absence
           ,
           then
           we
           must
           suppose
           ,
           That
           this
           Aristocraticall
           machination
           is
           easily
           yet
           to
           be
           prevented
           ,
           for
           t
           is
           not
           a
           hard
           matter
           to
           draw
           a
           full
           apparence
           together
           ,
           and
           that
           we
           see
           has
           been
           done
           lately
           by
           the
           order
           of
           the
           House
           it self
           .
           Nay
           ,
           we
           see
           t
           is
           not
           the
           House
           ,
           but
           the
           opposite
           part
           that
           desires
           to
           scatter
           ,
           and
           divide
           ,
           and
           draw
           away
           ,
           and
           as
           much
           as
           in
           them
           lyes
           to
           hinder
           a
           full
           assembly
           :
           And
           therefore
           ,
           This
           is
           not
           the
           way
           .
           If
           it
           be
           by
           accident
           ,
           Then
           we
           must
           be
           contented
           to
           expect
           ,
           and
           have
           a
           little
           patience
           ;
           Fortune
           is
           not
           alwayes
           constant
           to
           one
           certain
           posture
           ,
           nor
           do
           the
           Celestiall
           bodies
           confine
           themselves
           to
           one
           unaltered
           motion
           .
        
         
           The
           Parliament
           requests
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           
             That
             all
             great
             Officers
             of
             State
             ,
             by
             whom
             publike
             affaires
             shall
             be
             transacted
             ,
             may
             be
             chosen
             by
             approbation
             ,
             or
             nomination
             of
             the
             great
             Councell
             .
          
           The
           King
           takes
           
             this
             as
             a
             thing
             maliciously
             plotted
             against
             him
             ,
             as
             a
             proposition
             made
             in
             mockery
             of
             him
             ,
             as
             a
             request
             which
             He
             cannot
             yeeld
             to
             ,
             without
             shewing
             Himself
             unworthy
             of
             that
             trust
             ,
             which
             Law
             reposes
             in
             Him
             ,
             and
             of
             His
             descent
             from
             so
             many
             great
             and
             famous
             Ancestors
             :
             He
             conceives
             ,
             He
             cannot
             perform
             the
             Oath
             of
             protecting
             His
             people
             if
             He
             abandon
             this
             power
             ,
             and
             assume
             others
             into
             it
             .
             He
             conceives
             it
             such
             a
             Flowre
             of
             the
             Crown
             ,
             as
             is
             worth
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Garland
             ,
             not
             to
             be
             parted
             with
             all
             upon
             any
             extremity
             of
             conquest
             or
             imprisonment
             ;
             nor
             for
             any
             low
             sordid
             considerations
             of
             wealth
             ,
             and
             gain
             whatsoever
             .
             He
             conceives
             ,
             That
             if
             He
             should
             passe
             this
             ,
             He
             should
             retain
             nothing
             but
             the
             Ceremonious
             Ensignes
             of
             Royalty
             ,
             or
             the
             meer
             sight
             of
             a
             Crown
             and
             Scepter
             ;
             (
             nay
             the
             Stock
             being
             dead
             ▪
             the
             Twigs
             would
             not
             long
             flourish
             ;
             )
             but
             as
             to
             true
             ,
             and
             reall
             power
             ,
             He
             should
             remain
             ,
             but
             the
             outside
             ,
             the
             picture
             ,
             the
             signe
             of
             a
             King
             .
          
           Could
           this
           
           be
           ,
           If
           all
           Parliaments
           were
           not
           taken
           as
           deadly
           enemies
           to
           Royalty
           ?
           the
           substance
           of
           the
           request
           seems
           to
           be
           no
           more
           but
           this
           ,
           That
           it
           would
           please
           the
           King
           to
           be
           advised
           by
           Parliaments
           ,
           rather
           then
           His
           own
           meer
           understanding
           ,
           or
           any
           inferiour
           Councellors
           in
           those
           things
           which
           concern
           the
           liberties
           ,
           and
           lifes
           of
           the
           whole
           people
           .
           And
           how
           could
           this
           request
           seem
           equall
           to
           a
           demanding
           of
           the
           Crown
           ,
           to
           a
           dethroning
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           to
           a
           leaving
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           destitute
           of
           protection
           ,
           if
           Parliaments
           were
           not
           supposed
           mortall
           enemies
           to
           Princes
           ,
           and
           Princes
           not
           supposed
           ,
           but
           openly
           declared
           enemies
           to
           Parliaments
           ;
           if
           the
           King
           choose
           such
           a
           man
           Treasurer
           or
           Keeper
           out
           of
           his
           own
           good
           liking
           only
           ,
           or
           upon
           recommendation
           of
           such
           a
           Courtier
           ,
           here
           he
           is
           devested
           of
           no
           power
           ;
           but
           if
           it
           be
           upon
           the
           recommendation
           of
           the
           whole
           Kingdome
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           who
           in
           all
           probability
           can
           judge
           better
           ,
           and
           are
           more
           concerned
           ,
           this
           is
           an
           emptying
           himself
           of
           Majesty
           ,
           and
           devesting
           himself
           of
           Power
           .
           Ordinary
           reason
           cannot
           suggest
           otherwise
           hereupon
           ,
           but
           either
           Parliaments
           affect
           not
           Kings
           ,
           nor
           their
           own
           good
           ,
           nor
           would
           make
           good
           elections
           ,
           or
           else
           Kings
           affect
           not
           Parliaments
           ,
           nor
           the
           Kingdoms
           good
           ,
           and
           therefore
           they
           oppose
           such
           elections
           ,
           meerly
           because
           they
           are
           good
           :
           but
           let
           us
           observe
           the
           Kings
           reasons
           against
           Parliamentary
           elections
           ;
           For
           first
           ,
           
             He
             conceives
             them
             prejudiciall
             for
             the
             people
             :
          
           Secondly
           ,
           
             Dishonourable
             to
             himself
             .
          
        
         
           Man
           is
           by
           nature
           of
           restlesse
           ambition
           ;
           as
           the
           meanest
           vassall
           thinks
           himself
           worthy
           of
           some
           greatnesse
           ,
           so
           the
           most
           absolute
           Monarch
           aspires
           to
           something
           above
           his
           greatnesse
           .
           Power
           being
           over
           obtained
           by
           haughty
           mindes
           ,
           quickly
           discovers
           that
           it
           was
           not
           first
           aimed
           at
           meerly
           to
           effect
           Noble
           actions
           ,
           but
           in
           part
           to
           insult
           over
           others
           ;
           and
           ambitious
           men
           thirst
           after
           that
           power
           which
           may
           do
           harm
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           good
           ;
           nay
           ,
           though
           they
           are
           not
           resolved
           to
           do
           harm
           ,
           yet
           they
           would
           be
           masters
           of
           it
           ,
           —
           
             Qui
             nolunt
             occidere
             quenquam
             —
             Posse
             volunt
             .
          
           And
           yet
           let
           this
           power
           be
           added
           ,
           the
           minde
           still
           remains
           unfilled
           ,
           still
           some
           further
           Terrestriall
           omnipotence
           ,
           a
           sharing
           with
           God
           ,
           and
           surmounting
           above
           mortall
           condition
           is
           affected
           .
           Our
           Law
           has
           a
           wholesome
           Maxime
           ,
           That
           the
           King
           may
           onely
           do
           that
           which
           is
           just
           ;
           but
           Courtiers
           invert
           the
           sense
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           tell
           him
           ,
           That
           all
           is
           just
           which
           he
           may
           do
           ,
           or
           which
           he
           is
           not
           restrained
           from
           doing
           by
           Law
           .
           Such
           and
           such
           things
           Princes
           ought
           not
           to
           do
           ,
           though
           no
           Law
           limited
           them
           from
           doing
           thereof
           ;
           but
           now
           those
           things
           which
           by
           nature
           they
           abhorre
           to
           do
           ,
           yet
           they
           abhorre
           as
           much
           to
           be
           limited
           
           from
           .
           That
           disposition
           which
           makes
           us
           averse
           from
           cruelty
           and
           injury
           ▪
           we
           account
           a
           noble
           and
           vertuous
           disposition
           ;
           but
           that
           Law
           which
           shall
           restrain
           us
           from
           the
           same
           is
           stomacked
           at
           ,
           and
           resisted
           ,
           as
           a
           harsh
           bit
           to
           put
           into
           our
           mouths
           ,
           or
           bonds
           upon
           our
           arms
           .
           
             Antoninus
             Pius
          
           is
           greatly
           renowned
           for
           communicating
           all
           weighty
           affairs
           ,
           and
           following
           publike
           advice
           a
           ▪
           dapprobation
           in
           all
           great
           expedients
           of
           high
           concernment
           ;
           and
           he
           was
           not
           more
           honourable
           then
           prosperous
           therein
           .
           Had
           he
           been
           a
           meer
           servant
           to
           the
           State
           ,
           he
           coul●
           not
           have
           condescended
           further
           ;
           and
           yet
           if
           he
           had
           done
           necessarily
           ,
           what
           he
           did
           voluntarily
           ,
           the
           same
           thing
           had
           been
           in
           the
           same
           manner
           effectuall
           ;
           for
           t
           is
           not
           the
           meer
           putting
           or
           not
           putting
           of
           ●aw
           ,
           that
           does
           after
           the
           nature
           of
           good
           or
           evill
           .
           Power
           then
           to
           do
           such
           an
           evill
           ,
           or
           not
           to
           do
           such
           a
           good
           ,
           is
           in
           truth
           no
           reall
           power
           ,
           nor
           desired
           out
           of
           any
           noblenesse
           ,
           but
           rather
           windy
           arrogance
           ;
           and
           as
           it
           is
           uselesse
           to
           men
           truely
           noble
           ,
           so
           to
           men
           that
           love
           evill
           for
           evill
           ends
           t
           is
           very
           dangerous
           .
           What
           will
           
             Nero
          
           more
           despise
           ,
           then
           to
           condescend
           as
           
             Antoninus
          
           did
           ?
           yet
           't
           were
           more
           necessary
           that
           
             Nero
          
           were
           limited
           then
           
             Antoninus
             ;
          
           for
           excessive
           power
           added
           to
           
             Nero's
          
           cruelty
           ,
           serves
           but
           as
           Oyl
           poured
           upon
           flame
           .
           When
           Princes
           are
           as
           potent
           as
           vicious
           ,
           we
           know
           what
           Ministers
           swarm
           about
           them
           ;
           and
           the
           end
           is
           ,
           That
           as
           vast
           power
           corrupts
           and
           inclines
           them
           to
           i●l
           Councells
           so
           they
           perish
           at
           last
           by
           Councellors
           worst
           of
           all
           .
           T
           is
           pretended
           that
           Princes
           cannot
           be
           limitted
           from
           evill
           ,
           but
           they
           may
           be
           disabled
           from
           doing
           good
           thereby
           ,
           which
           is
           not
           alwayes
           true
           ;
           and
           yet
           if
           it
           were
           ,
           the
           people
           had
           better
           want
           some
           right
           ,
           then
           have
           too
           much
           wrong
           done
           them
           :
           for
           what
           is
           more
           plain
           then
           this
           ,
           That
           the
           
             Venetians
          
           live
           more
           happily
           under
           their
           conditionate
           Duke
           ,
           then
           the
           
             Turks
          
           do
           under
           their
           most
           absolute
           Emperours
           .
           Neverthelesse
           ,
           if
           we
           consider
           the
           noble
           Trophees
           of
           
             Rome
          
           which
           it
           gained
           under
           Consuls
           ,
           and
           conditiona●e
           Commanders
           ,
           we
           may
           suppose
           that
           no
           defect
           at
           all
           could
           be
           in
           that
           popular
           and
           mixt
           government
           .
           And
           our
           neighbours
           in
           the
           
             Netherlands
          
           are
           a
           good
           instance
           ;
           for
           they
           being
           to
           cope
           with
           the
           most
           Puissant
           and
           free
           Prince
           of
           Christendom
           ,
           being
           but
           the
           torn
           relique
           of
           a
           small
           Nation
           ,
           yet
           for
           their
           defence
           ,
           would
           not
           put
           themselves
           under
           a
           
             Dictatorian
          
           power
           ,
           but
           they
           prepared
           themselves
           for
           that
           so
           terrible
           encounter
           ,
           under
           the
           Conduct
           of
           a
           Generall
           much
           limitted
           .
           Neither
           have
           those
           straitned
           Commissi●ns
           yeelded
           any
           thing
           but
           victories
           to
           the
           States
           ,
           and
           solid
           honour
           to
           the
           Princes
           of
           
             Orange
             ;
          
           and
           what
           more
           ,
           the
           mightiest
           Monarchs
           
           of
           our
           age
           have
           atchieved
           or
           enjoy'd
           ,
           besides
           the
           filling
           of
           a
           phantasticall
           humour
           with
           imaginary
           grandour
           .
           I
           speak
           not
           this
           in
           favour
           of
           any
           alteration
           in
           
             England
             ,
          
           I
           am
           as
           zealously
           addicted
           to
           Monarchy
           ,
           as
           any
           man
           can
           ,
           without
           dotage
           :
           but
           I
           know
           there
           are
           severall
           degrees
           of
           Prerogatives
           Royall
           ,
           some
           whereof
           have
           greater
           power
           of
           protection
           ,
           and
           lesse
           of
           oppression
           ;
           and
           such
           I
           desire
           to
           be
           most
           studious
           of
           :
           In
           some
           things
           I
           know
           t
           is
           dangerous
           to
           circumscribe
           Princes
           ,
           but
           in
           others
           there
           may
           be
           great
           danger
           in
           leaving
           them
           to
           their
           pleasure
           ,
           and
           scarce
           any
           hope
           at
           all
           of
           benefit
           ;
           and
           amongst
           other
           things
           ,
           the
           choice
           of
           publike
           Officers
           ,
           if
           the
           State
           have
           (
           at
           least
           )
           some
           share
           therein
           with
           the
           King
           ,
           what
           considerable
           inconvenience
           can
           happen
           thereby
           to
           the
           State
           or
           King
           ,
           is
           not
           in
           me
           to
           foresee
           :
           but
           if
           it
           have
           no
           share
           ,
           experience
           sufficient
           teacheth
           us
           what
           great
           disasters
           may
           happen
           .
           And
           so
           for
           the
           disusing
           and
           dissolving
           of
           Parliaments
           ;
           if
           the
           Parliament
           divide
           some
           part
           of
           that
           power
           with
           the
           King
           ,
           I
           see
           great
           good
           ,
           but
           no
           harm
           at
           all
           that
           can
           ensue
           ,
           either
           to
           weaken
           the
           Crown
           ,
           or
           disturb
           the
           subject
           thereby
           .
           But
           it
           will
           be
           said
           in
           the
           next
           place
           ,
           
             If
             this
             disables
             not
             the
             King
             from
             protecting
             the
             Subject
             ,
             yet
             it
             diminishes
             his
             own
             Right
             ,
             and
             leaves
             him
             but
             the
             shadow
             of
             Royalty
             .
          
           This
           is
           grounded
           upon
           a
           great
           mistake
           ;
           for
           some
           men
           think
           it
           a
           glorious
           thing
           to
           be
           able
           to
           kill
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           to
           save
           ,
           and
           to
           have
           a
           kinde
           of
           a
           Creators
           power
           over
           Subjects
           :
           but
           the
           truth
           is
           ,
           such
           power
           procures
           much
           danger
           to
           ill
           Princes
           ,
           and
           little
           good
           to
           any
           ;
           for
           it
           begets
           not
           so
           much
           love
           as
           fear
           in
           the
           subiect
           ,
           though
           it
           be
           not
           abused
           ;
           and
           the
           fear
           of
           the
           subject
           does
           not
           give
           so
           perfect
           a
           Dominion
           as
           love
           .
           Were
           
             Hannibal
             ,
             Scipio
             ▪
             &c.
          
           the
           lesse
           honoured
           or
           beloved
           because
           they
           were
           not
           independent
           ?
           surely
           no
           ,
           they
           were
           the
           lesse
           feared
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           same
           cause
           the
           more
           honoured
           and
           beloved
           .
           Or
           were
           
             Alexander
             ,
             Pyrrbus
             ▪
             &c.
          
           the
           more
           honoured
           or
           beloved
           ,
           because
           they
           were
           independant
           ?
           I
           believe
           the
           contrary
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           had
           lived
           more
           gloriously
           ,
           and
           died
           lesse
           violently
           ,
           if
           a
           more
           moderate
           power
           had
           rendred
           them
           lesse
           insolent
           in
           their
           own
           thoughts
           ,
           and
           lesse
           feared
           in
           other
           mens
           .
           Was
           
             Caesar
          
           the
           private
           man
           lesse
           successefull
           in
           his
           Warres
           ,
           or
           lesse
           dear
           in
           all
           his
           souldiers
           eyes
           ,
           or
           lesse
           powerfull
           in
           his
           Countrey-mens
           affections
           ,
           then
           
             Caesar
          
           the
           perpetuall
           Dictator
           ?
           No
           ,
           if
           the
           Imperiall
           Throne
           of
           the
           World
           added
           any
           thing
           to
           
             Caesar
             ,
          
           't
           was
           not
           excellence
           ,
           nor
           true
           
           glory
           ,
           't
           was
           but
           the
           externall
           complements
           of
           pomp
           and
           ostentation
           ,
           and
           that
           might
           perhaps
           blow
           up
           his
           minde
           with
           vanity
           ,
           and
           fill
           the
           people
           with
           〈◊〉
           ,
           it
           could
           not
           make
           
             Caesar
          
           a
           nobler
           ,
           gallanter
           ,
           greater
           
             Caesar
          
           〈◊〉
           he
           was
           .
           I
           expect
           no
           lesse
           then
           to
           be
           laught
           at
           at
           ●ourt
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           h●ld
           the
           author
           of
           a
           strange
           paradox
           ,
           by
           those
           men
           which
           stick
           not
           to
           say
           ,
           That
           our
           King
           is
           now
           no
           more
           King
           of
           
             Scotland
             ,
          
           then
           he
           is
           King
           of
           
             France
             ,
          
           because
           his
           meer
           pleasure
           there
           ,
           is
           not
           so
           predominant
           in
           all
           cases
           of
           good
           and
           evill
           whatsoever
           :
           but
           I
           regard
           not
           those
           fond
           things
           which
           cannot
           see
           in
           humane
           nature
           what
           is
           depraved
           in
           it
           ,
           and
           what
           not
           ,
           and
           what
           proceeds
           from
           vain
           ,
           and
           what
           from
           true
           glory
           ;
           and
           wherein
           the
           naturall
           perfection
           of
           power
           and
           honour
           ,
           differs
           from
           the
           painted
           rayes
           of
           spurious
           Majesty
           and
           Magnificence
           .
           To
           me
           the
           Policy
           of
           
             Scotland
          
           seems
           more
           exquisite
           in
           poynt
           of
           prerogative
           ,
           then
           any
           other
           in
           
             Europe
             ,
          
           except
           ours
           :
           And
           if
           the
           splendor
           ,
           and
           puissance
           of
           a
           Prince
           consist
           in
           commanding
           religious
           ,
           wise
           ,
           magnanimous
           ,
           warlike
           subjects
           ,
           I
           think
           the
           King
           of
           
             Scotland
          
           is
           more
           to
           be
           admired
           then
           the
           King
           of
           
             France
             ;
          
           and
           that
           he
           is
           so
           ,
           to
           the
           meer
           ingenuity
           of
           Government
           ,
           I
           ascribe
           it
           .
           But
           some
           will
           allow
           ,
           
             That
             to
             follow
             the
             pattern
             of
          
           Antoninus
           
             freely
             ,
             and
             voluntarily
             ,
             as
             he
             did
             ,
             is
             not
             dishonourable
             in
             a
             Prince
             ;
             but
             to
             be
             under
             any
             Obligation
             or
             Law
             to
             do
             so
             ,
             is
             ignoble
             .
          
           And
           this
           is
           as
           much
           as
           to
           say
           ,
           That
           Law
           ,
           though
           good
           ,
           yet
           
             quate●●s
          
           Law
           is
           burthenous
           to
           mans
           nature
           ;
           and
           though
           it
           be
           so
           but
           to
           corrupted
           nature
           ,
           in
           asmuch
           as
           it
           retains
           from
           nothing
           ,
           but
           that
           which
           nature
           in
           its
           purity
           would
           it self
           restrain
           from
           ;
           yet
           corrupted
           nature
           it self
           is
           to
           be
           soothed
           and
           observed
           .
           I
           have
           done
           with
           this
           point
           :
           't
           was
           spoken
           in
           honour
           of
           
             Hen.
             7.
             
          
           That
           he
           governed
           his
           subjects
           by
           his
           Laws
           ,
           his
           Laws
           ,
           by
           his
           Lawyers
           ,
           and
           (
           it
           might
           have
           been
           added
           )
           his
           subjects
           ,
           Laws
           and
           Lawyers
           by
           advice
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           by
           the
           regulation
           of
           that
           Court
           which
           gave
           life
           and
           birth
           to
           all
           Laws
           .
           In
           this
           Policy
           is
           comprized
           the
           whole
           act
           of
           Soveraignty
           ;
           for
           where
           the
           people
           are
           subject
           to
           the
           Law
           of
           the
           Land
           and
           not
           to
           the
           will
           of
           the
           Prince
           ,
           and
           where
           the
           Law
           is
           left
           to
           the
           interpretation
           of
           sworn
           upright
           Judges
           ,
           and
           not
           violated
           by
           power
           ;
           and
           where
           Parliaments
           superintend
           all
           ,
           and
           in
           all
           extraordinary
           cases
           ,
           especially
           betwixt
           the
           King
           and
           Kingdom
           ,
           do
           the
           faithfull
           Offices
           of
           Umpirage
           ,
           all
           things
           remain
           in
           such
           a
           harmony
           ,
           as
           I
           shall
           recommend
           to
           all
           good
           Princes
           .
        
         
         
           The
           Parliament
           conceives
           that
           the
           King
           cannot
           apprehend
           any
           just
           fear
           from
           Sir
           
             John
             Hotham
             ,
          
           or
           interpret
           the
           meer
           shutting
           of
           
             Hull
          
           gates
           ,
           and
           the
           sending
           away
           of
           Arms
           and
           Ammunition
           in
           obedience
           to
           both
           Houses
           ,
           to
           be
           any
           preparation
           for
           Warre
           and
           Invasion
           against
           him
           at
           
             York
             ,
          
           and
           therefore
           they
           resolve
           to
           raise
           Forces
           against
           those
           Forces
           which
           the
           King
           raises
           to
           secure
           himself
           from
           Sir
           
             John
             Hotham
             .
             The
             King
             hereupon
             charges
             the
             Parliament
             of
             levying
             Warre
             against
             Him
             ,
             under
             pretence
             of
             His
             levying
             Warre
             against
             them
             .
          
           This
           is
           matter
           of
           fact
           and
           the
           World
           must
           judge
           whether
           the
           Kings
           preparations
           in
           the
           North
           be
           onely
           sutable
           to
           the
           danger
           of
           Sir
           
             John
             Hotham
          
           or
           no
           ;
           and
           whether
           the
           Parliament
           be
           in
           danger
           of
           the
           Kings
           strength
           there
           or
           no
           :
           Or
           whether
           is
           more
           probable
           at
           this
           time
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           is
           incensed
           against
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           or
           the
           Parliament
           against
           the
           King
           :
           or
           that
           the
           King
           is
           more
           intentive
           to
           assayl
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           or
           the
           Parliament
           the
           King
           .
           'T
           is
           true
           ,
           the
           King
           abjures
           any
           intention
           of
           making
           Warre
           against
           his
           Parliament
           ;
           but
           what
           he
           intends
           against
           the
           malignant
           party
           in
           or
           out
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           is
           not
           exprest
           :
           and
           the
           King
           abjures
           invasive
           Warre
           against
           them
           ;
           but
           whether
           he
           think
           not
           himself
           first
           invaded
           already
           ,
           is
           not
           exprest
           ;
           and
           the
           specifying
           of
           a
           faction
           in
           Parliament
           of
           some
           few
           malignants
           ,
           secures
           none
           ;
           for
           none
           can
           plead
           force
           ,
           and
           none
           ought
           to
           plead
           folly
           in
           Treasons
           of
           this
           nature
           ,
           and
           the
           major
           part
           of
           the
           Houses
           can
           neither
           plead
           absence
           or
           dissent
           ;
           and
           those
           which
           can
           ,
           must
           not
           be
           their
           own
           purgators
           .
           Besides
           ,
           the
           act
           of
           Sir
           
             John
             Hotham
          
           is
           disputable
           ;
           the
           King
           adjudges
           it
           Treason
           ,
           the
           Parliament
           adjudge
           it
           no
           Treason
           ;
           and
           the
           King
           has
           not
           declared
           whether
           he
           will
           refer
           this
           to
           the
           tryall
           of
           the
           sword
           only
           ,
           or
           to
           some
           other
           tryall
           ;
           and
           if
           so
           ,
           To
           what
           kinde
           of
           tryall
           the
           judgement
           of
           a
           Parliament
           shall
           be
           submitted
           :
           If
           we
           call
           another
           Parliament
           to
           judge
           of
           this
           ,
           so
           we
           may
           appeal
           in
           
             infinitum
             ;
          
           and
           why
           another
           should
           be
           cleerer
           then
           this
           ,
           we
           cannot
           imagine
           :
           If
           we
           could
           constitute
           a
           higher
           Court
           for
           this
           appeal
           ,
           so
           we
           might
           do
           in
           
             infinitum
          
           also
           ;
           but
           we
           know
           no
           higher
           can
           be
           imagined
           :
           and
           if
           we
           appeal
           to
           a
           lower
           ,
           that
           were
           to
           invert
           the
           course
           of
           nature
           :
           and
           to
           confound
           all
           Parliaments
           for
           ever
           ;
           if
           we
           call
           all
           the
           Kingdom
           to
           judge
           of
           this
           ,
           we
           do
           the
           same
           thing
           as
           to
           proclaim
           Civill
           Warre
           ,
           and
           to
           blow
           the
           Trumpet
           of
           generall
           confusion
           :
           And
           if
           we
           allow
           the
           King
           to
           be
           the
           
           sole
           ,
           supream
           competent
           Judge
           in
           this
           case
           ,
           we
           resigne
           all
           into
           his
           hands
           ,
           we
           give
           lifes
           ,
           liberties
           ,
           Laws
           ,
           Parliaments
           ,
           all
           to
           be
           held
           at
           meer
           discretion
           ?
           For
           there
           is
           in
           the
           interpretation
           of
           Law
           upon
           the
           last
           appeal
           ,
           the
           same
           supremacy
           of
           power
           requisite
           ,
           as
           is
           in
           making
           it
           ;
           And
           therefore
           grant
           the
           King
           supream
           interpreter
           ,
           and
           t
           is
           all
           one
           ,
           as
           if
           we
           granted
           him
           to
           be
           supream
           maker
           of
           Law
           ;
           and
           grant
           him
           this
           ,
           and
           we
           grant
           him
           to
           be
           above
           all
           limits
           ,
           all
           conditions
           ,
           all
           humane
           bonds
           whatsoever
           .
           In
           this
           Intricacy
           therefore
           ,
           where
           the
           King
           and
           Parliament
           disagree
           ,
           and
           judgement
           must
           be
           supream
           ,
           either
           in
           the
           one
           or
           other
           ,
           we
           must
           retire
           to
           ordinary
           justice
           ,
           And
           there
           we
           see
           ,
           if
           the
           King
           consent
           not
           with
           the
           ordinary
           Judge
           ,
           the
           Law
           thinks
           it
           fit
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           subscribe
           ,
           rather
           then
           the
           Judge
           .
        
         
           And
           if
           this
           satisfie
           not
           ,
           We
           must
           retire
           to
           the
           principles
           of
           Nature
           ,
           and
           there
           search
           ,
           whether
           the
           King
           or
           Kingdom
           be
           to
           be
           lookt
           upon
           as
           the
           efficient
           ,
           and
           finall
           cause
           ,
           and
           as
           the
           proper
           Subject
           of
           all
           power
           .
           Neither
           is
           the
           oath
           of
           supremacy
           indangered
           hereby
           ;
           for
           he
           that
           ascribes
           more
           to
           the
           whole
           universality
           ,
           then
           to
           King
           ;
           yet
           ascribes
           to
           the
           King
           a
           true
           supremacy
           of
           power
           ,
           and
           honour
           above
           all
           particulars
           :
           Nor
           is
           our
           allegiance
           temerated
           ,
           For
           when
           the
           Judge
           on
           the
           Bench
           delivers
           Law
           contrary
           to
           the
           Kings
           command
           ;
           This
           is
           not
           the
           same
           thing
           ,
           as
           to
           proceed
           against
           the
           Kings
           person
           ,
           upon
           any
           judgement
           given
           against
           him
           .
           The
           King
           as
           to
           His
           own
           person
           ,
           is
           not
           to
           be
           forcibly
           repelled
           in
           any
           ill
           doing●
           nor
           is
           He
           accountable
           for
           ill
           done
           ,
           Law
           has
           only
           a
           directive
           ,
           but
           no
           coactive
           force
           upon
           his
           person
           ;
           but
           in
           all
           irregular
           acts
           where
           no
           personall
           force
           is
           ,
           Kings
           may
           be
           disobeyed
           ,
           their
           unjust
           commands
           may
           be
           neglected
           ,
           not
           only
           by
           communities
           ,
           but
           also
           by
           single
           men
           sometimes
           .
           Those
           men
           therefore
           that
           maintain
           ,
           That
           all
           Kings
           are
           in
           all
           things
           and
           commands
           (
           as
           well
           where
           personall
           resistance
           accompanies
           ,
           as
           not
           )
           to
           be
           obeyed
           ,
           as
           being
           like
           Gods
           ,
           unlimitable
           ,
           and
           as
           well
           in
           evill
           ,
           as
           in
           good
           unquestionable
           ,
           are
           sordid
           flatterers
           .
           And
           those
           which
           allow
           no
           limits
           but
           directive
           only
           ,
           And
           those
           no
           other
           but
           divine
           and
           naturall
           ;
           And
           so
           make
           all
           Princes
           as
           vast
           in
           power
           as
           the
           Turk
           ,
           (
           for
           He
           is
           subject
           to
           the
           directive
           force
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           natures
           Laws
           ;
           )
           and
           so
           allow
           subjects
           a
           dry
           right
           without
           all
           remedy
           ,
           are
           almost
           as
           stupid
           as
           the
           former
           .
           And
           those
           lastly
           ,
           That
           allow
           humane
           Laws
           to
           obleage
           Kings
           more
           then
           directively
           ,
           in
           all
           
           cases
           where
           personall
           violence
           is
           absence
           ,
           and
           yet
           allow
           no
           Judges
           of
           those
           Laws
           ,
           but
           the
           King
           Himself
           ,
           run
           into
           absurdities
           as
           grosse
           as
           the
           former
           .
        
         
           I
           come
           now
           to
           those
           seven
           doctrines
           ,
           and
           positions
           ,
           which
           the
           King
           by
           way
           of
           recapitulation
           layes
           open
           as
           so
           offensive
           —
           And
           they
           run
           thus
           :
        
         
           1.
           
           
             THat
             the
             Parliament
             has
             an
             absolute
             indisputable
             power
             of
             declaring
             Law
             ,
             So
             that
             all
             the
             right
             of
             the
             King
             and
             people
             ,
             depends
             upon
             their
             pleasure
             .
          
           It
           has
           been
           answered
           ,
           That
           this
           power
           must
           rest
           in
           them
           ,
           or
           in
           the
           King
           ,
           or
           in
           some
           inferiour
           Court
           ,
           or
           else
           all
           suites
           must
           be
           endlesse
           ,
           and
           it
           can
           no where
           rest
           more
           safely
           then
           in
           Parliament
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           
             That
             Parliaments
             are
             bound
             to
             no
             precedents
             .
          
           Statutes
           are
           not
           binding
           to
           them
           ,
           Why
           then
           should
           precedents
           ?
           Yet
           there
           is
           no
           obligation
           stronger
           then
           the
           Justice
           and
           Honor
           of
           a
           Parliament
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           
             That
             they
             are
             Parliaments
             ,
             and
             may
             judge
             of
             publike
             necessity
             without
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             dispose
             of
             anything
             .
          
           They
           may
           not
           desert
           the
           King
           ,
           but
           being
           deserted
           by
           the
           King
           ,
           when
           the
           Kingdom
           is
           in
           distresse
           ,
           They
           may
           judge
           of
           that
           distresse
           ,
           and
           relieve
           it
           ,
           and
           are
           to
           be
           accounted
           by
           the
           vertue
           of
           representation
           ,
           as
           the
           whole
           body
           of
           the
           State
           .
        
         
           4.
           
           
             That
             no
             Member
             of
             Parliament
             ought
             to
             be
             troubled
             for
             treason
             ,
             &c.
             without
             leave
             .
          
           This
           is
           intended
           of
           suspicions
           only
           ,
           And
           when
           leave
           may
           be
           seasonably
           had
           ,
           and
           when
           competent
           accusers
           appear
           not
           in
           the
           impeachment
           .
        
         
           5.
           
           
             That
             the
             Soveraign
             power
             resides
             in
             both
             Houses
             of
             Parliament
             ,
             the
             King
             having
             no
             negative
             voyce
             .
          
           This
           power
           is
           not
           claimed
           as
           ordinary
           ;
           nor
           to
           any
           purpose
           ,
           But
           to
           save
           the
           Kingdom
           from
           ruine
           ,
           and
           in
           case
           where
           the
           King
           is
           so
           seduced
           ,
           as
           that
           He
           preferres
           dangerous
           men
           ,
           and
           prosecutes
           His
           loyall
           Subjects
           .
        
         
           6.
           
           That
           levying
           forces
           against
           the
           personall
           commands
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           (
           though
           accompanied
           with
           his
           presence
           )
           is
           not
           levying
           warre
           against
           the
           King
           :
           But
           warre
           against
           His
           authority
           ,
           though
           not
           person
           ,
           is
           warre
           against
           the
           King
           ?
           
             If
             this
             were
             not
             so
             ,
             The
             Parliament
             seeing
             a
             seduced
             King
             ,
             ruining
             Himself
             ,
             and
             the
             Kingdom
             could
             not
             save
             both
             ,
             but
             must
             stand
             and
             look
             on
             .
          
        
         
         
           7.
           
           
             That
             according
             to
             some
             Parliaments
             ,
             they
             may
             depose
             the
             King
             ?
          
           T
           is
           denyed
           ,
           That
           any
           King
           was
           deposed
           by
           a
           free
           Parliament
           fairly
           elected
           .
        
         
           To
           stand
           in
           comparison
           with
           these
           ,
           I
           shall
           recite
           some
           such
           positions
           as
           the
           Kings
           papers
           offer
           to
           us
           ;
           And
           they
           follow
           thus
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           THat
           regall
           power
           is
           so
           derived
           from
           God
           and
           the
           Law
           ,
           as
           that
           it
           has
           no
           dependence
           upon
           the
           trust
           ,
           and
           consent
           of
           man
           ;
           and
           the
           King
           is
           accountable
           therefore
           to
           God
           and
           His
           other
           Kingdoms
           ,
           not
           to
           this
           ;
           And
           it
           is
           above
           the
           determination
           of
           Parliaments
           ,
           and
           by
           consequence
           boundlesse
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           That
           the
           King
           is
           supream
           indefinitely
           ,
           
             viz.
          
           As
           well
           
             universis
             ,
          
           as
           
             singulis
             .
          
        
         
           3.
           
           That
           the
           King
           has
           such
           a
           propriety
           in
           His
           Subjects
           ,
           Towns
           ,
           Forts
           ,
           &c.
           
           As
           is
           above
           the
           propriety
           of
           the
           State
           ,
           and
           not
           to
           be
           seized
           by
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           though
           for
           the
           publike
           safety
           .
        
         
           4.
           
           That
           so
           farre
           as
           the
           King
           is
           trusted
           ,
           He
           is
           not
           accountable
           how
           He
           performs
           ,
           
             So
             that
             in
             all
             cases
             the
             Subject
             is
             remedilesse
             .
          
        
         
           5.
           
           That
           the
           being
           of
           Parliaments
           is
           meerly
           of
           grace
           ,
           So
           that
           the
           King
           might
           justly
           have
           discontinued
           them
           ,
           and
           being
           summoned
           ,
           they
           are
           limited
           by
           the
           writ
           ,
           and
           that
           
             ad
             consilium
          
           Only
           ,
           and
           that
           but
           in
           
             quibusdam
             arduis
             ,
          
           And
           if
           they
           passe
           the
           limits
           of
           the
           Writ
           ,
           they
           may
           be
           imprisoned
           .
           That
           if
           the
           King
           desert
           them
           ,
           they
           are
           a
           voyde
           assembly
           ,
           and
           no
           honour
           due
           to
           them
           ,
           nor
           power
           to
           save
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           That
           Parliamentary
           priviledges
           are
           no where
           to
           be
           read
           of
           ,
           And
           so
           their
           representation
           of
           this
           whole
           Kingdom
           is
           no
           priviledge
           ,
           nor
           addes
           no
           Majesty
           ,
           nor
           authority
           to
           them
           .
           That
           the
           major
           part
           in
           Parliament
           is
           not
           considerable
           ,
           when
           so
           many
           are
           absent
           ,
           or
           dissent
           .
           That
           the
           major
           part
           is
           no
           major
           part
           ,
           Because
           the
           fraud
           ,
           and
           force
           of
           some
           few
           over-rules
           them
           .
           That
           Parliaments
           may
           do
           dishonourable
           things
           ,
           nay
           treasonable
           :
           Nay
           ,
           That
           this
           hath
           been
           
           so
           blinded
           by
           some
           few
           malignants
           ,
           That
           they
           have
           abetted
           treason
           in
           Sir
           
             John
             Hotham
             ,
          
           Trampled
           upon
           all
           Law
           ,
           and
           the
           Kings
           prerogative
           ,
           And
           sought
           to
           inslave
           the
           whole
           Kingdom
           under
           the
           Tyranny
           of
           some
           few
           ,
           And
           sought
           the
           betraying
           of
           Church
           ,
           and
           State
           ,
           And
           to
           the
           same
           erected
           an
           upstart
           Authority
           in
           the
           new
           
             Militia
             ,
          
           and
           levyed
           warre
           upon
           the
           King
           ,
           under
           pretence
           that
           He
           levies
           warre
           upon
           them
           .
           That
           Parliaments
           cannot
           declare
           Law
           ,
           but
           in
           such
           and
           such
           particular
           cases
           legally
           brought
           before
           them
           .
           That
           Parliaments
           are
           questionable
           ,
           and
           tryable
           elsewhere
           .
        
         
           These
           things
           ,
           we
           all
           see
           ,
           tend
           not
           only
           to
           the
           desolation
           of
           this
           Parliament
           ,
           but
           to
           the
           confusion
           of
           all
           other
           ,
           And
           to
           the
           advancing
           of
           the
           King
           to
           a
           higher
           power
           over
           Parliaments
           ,
           then
           ever
           He
           had
           before
           over
           inferiour
           Courts
           .
           Parliaments
           have
           hitherto
           been
           Sanctuaries
           to
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           banks
           against
           Arbitrary
           tyranny
           ;
           But
           now
           the
           meer
           breath
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           blasts
           them
           in
           an
           instant
           ;
           and
           how
           shall
           they
           hereafter
           secure
           us
           ,
           when
           they
           cannot
           now
           secure
           themselves
           ?
           Or
           how
           can
           we
           expect
           justice
           ,
           when
           the
           meer
           imputation
           of
           treason
           ,
           without
           hearing
           ,
           tryall
           ,
           or
           judgement
           ,
           shall
           sweep
           away
           a
           whole
           Parliament
           ;
           nay
           all
           Parliaments
           for
           ever
           ?
           And
           yet
           this
           is
           not
           yet
           the
           depth
           of
           our
           misery
           ,
           For
           that
           private
           Councell
           which
           the
           King
           now
           adheres
           to
           ,
           and
           preferres
           before
           Parliaments
           ,
           will
           still
           inforce
           upon
           our
           understandings
           ,
           That
           all
           these
           doctrines
           ,
           and
           positions
           tend
           to
           the
           perfection
           of
           Parliaments
           ;
           And
           all
           the
           Kings
           forces
           in
           the
           North
           ,
           to
           the
           protection
           of
           Law
           and
           liberty
           .
           I
           finde
           my
           Reason
           already
           captivated
           ,
           I
           cannot
           further
           —
        
         
           FINIS
           .