A vindication of the present great revolution in England in five letters pass'd betwixt James Welwood, M.D. and Mr. John March, Vicar of Newcastle upon Tyne : occasion'd by a sermon preach'd by him on January 30. 1688/9 ...
         Welwood, James, 1652-1727.
      
       
         
           1689
        
      
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             A vindication of the present great revolution in England in five letters pass'd betwixt James Welwood, M.D. and Mr. John March, Vicar of Newcastle upon Tyne : occasion'd by a sermon preach'd by him on January 30. 1688/9 ...
             Welwood, James, 1652-1727.
             March, John, 1640-1692.
             Welwood, James, 1652-1727.
          
           [4], 36 p.
           
             Printed, and sold by R. Taylor ...,
             London :
             1689.
          
           
             Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.
             Attributed to James Welwood. cf. NUC pre-1956.
             Errata: p. 36.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Sermons, English -- 17th century.
           Great Britain -- Church history -- 17th century.
           Great Britain -- History -- 1689-1714.
        
      
    
     
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           A
           VINDICATION
           Of
           the
           present
           Great
           Revolution
           IN
           ENGLAND
           ;
           IN
           FIVE
           LETTERS
           Pass'd
           betwixt
           
             Iames
             Welwood
          
           ,
           M.
           D.
           and
           Mr.
           
             Iohn
             March
          
           ,
           Vicar
           of
           Newcastle
           upon
           Tyne
           .
           Occasion'd
           by
           a
           SERMON
           Preach'd
           by
           him
           on
           Ianuary
           30.
           1688
           
           /
           9.
           before
           the
           Mayor
           and
           Aldermen
           ,
           for
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           and
           Non-Resistance
           .
        
         
           Licensed
           ,
           April
           8.
           1689.
           
        
         
           London
           Printed
           ,
           and
           sold
           by
           
             R.
             Taylor
          
           near
           Stationers-Hall
           ,
           1689.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           THE
           PREFACE
           .
        
         
           
             READER
             ,
          
        
         
           NOthing
           can
           excuse
           me
           ,
           even
           to
           my self
           ,
           for
           thus
           appearing
           in
           Print
           ,
           but
           the
           occasion
           of
           it
           ,
           backt
           with
           a
           Command
           I
           could
           not
           disobey
           .
           Not
           many
           Months
           ago
           the
           posture
           of
           Affairs
           in
           Europe
           threaten'd
           no
           less
           than
           the
           utter
           extirpation
           of
           the
           
             Reform'd
             Religion
          
           ,
           and
           Re-establishment
           of
           a
           Yoke
           ,
           so
           happily
           thrown
           off
           ,
           the
           Age
           before
           .
           The
           
             French
             King
          
           ,
           more
           from
           the
           weakness
           of
           his
           Contemporary
           Princes
           ,
           and
           a
           fatal
           Friendship
           packs
           up
           with
           the
           Two
           last
           Kings
           of
           England
           ,
           than
           either
           by
           his
           own
           Strength
           or
           Mony
           ,
           had
           rendred
           himself
           so
           formidable
           abroad
           ▪
           and
           absolute
           at
           home
           ,
           as
           enabled
           him
           to
           fall
           on
           his
           Protestant
           Subjects
           ,
           in
           a
           Path
           untrodden
           by
           the
           worst
           of
           the
           
             Primitive
             Persecutors
          
           themselves
           ,
           seeing
           in
           this
           ,
           even
           the
           favour
           of
           Dying
           was
           denyed
           them
           :
           And
           neither
           the
           
             mighty
             Services
          
           they
           had
           done
           that
           King
           in
           preserving
           the
           Crown
           upon
           his
           Head
           in
           his
           Minority
           ,
           nor
           the
           solemnest
           Sanctions
           ratified
           by
           Oath
           ▪
           could
           secure
           these
           poor
           Victims
           from
           the
           Villany
           and
           Cruelty
           of
           Popish
           Counsels
           .
           The
           on-looking
           
             Protestant
             States
          
           stood
           amaz'd
           at
           this
           Tragick
           Scene
           ;
           and
           all
           the
           Assistance
           they
           were
           able
           to
           give
           their
           distrest
           Brethren
           ,
           was
           that
           of
           Prayers
           and
           Tears
           ;
           they
           themselves
           expecting
           to
           appear
           next
           upon
           the
           mournful
           Theater
           .
           
             The
             Accession
             of
             a
             Popish
             Prince
             to
             the
             Throne
             ,
             the
             barefac'd
             Invasions
             of
             Liberty
             and
             Property
             ,
             the
             palpable
             Incroachments
             on
             Laws
             and
             Fundamental
             Constitutions
             ,
          
           with
           that
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           of
           Popish
           Confidence
           ,
           
             a
             Prince
             of
             Wales
          
           ,
           were
           Events
           too
           great
           and
           important
           ,
           not
           to
           awaken
           England
           out
           of
           a
           Lethargy
           ,
           
             the
             reiterated
             Promises
             of
             preserving
             the
             Protestant
             Religion
             as
             by
             Law
             establish'd
             ,
          
           had
           cast
           her
           into
           .
           And
           as
           some
           Diseases
           are
           not
           known
           till
           past
           cure
           ,
           all
           the
           effect
           of
           her
           awakening
           was
           to
           see
           her
           Case
           desperate
           and
           her
           Ruine
           inevitable
           .
           Things
           were
           in
           this
           
             deplorable
             State
          
           ,
           when
           his
           present
           Majesty
           ,
           led
           by
           the
           Hand
           of
           Heaven
           ,
           and
           sway'd
           by
           the
           glorious
           Motives
           of
           Honour
           and
           Religion
           ,
           to
           save
           us
           from
           the
           precipice
           of
           Ruine
           ,
           ventur'd
           on
           an
           Enterprize
           unexampl'd
           in
           the
           Records
           of
           Time.
           
           This
           stupendious
           Attempt
           
             including
             in
             its
             Womb
             the
             Fate
             of
             this
             ,
             and
             all
             other
             Reform'd
             Churches
             of
             Christendom
             ,
          
           was
           seconded
           with
           the
           Prayers
           ,
           and
           alternate
           Hopes
           and
           Fears
           of
           all
           good
           Men
           ,
           who
           justly
           considered
           the
           then
           Prince
           of
           
           Orange's
           Interest
           ,
           with
           that
           of
           our
           Religion
           ,
           Lives
           and
           Liberties
           ,
           were
           embarkt
           
             in
             one
             and
             the
             same
             Bottom
             .
          
        
         
           The
           Almighty
           was
           pleas'd
           beyond
           the
           ordinary
           Tracts
           of
           Providence
           ,
           to
           meet
           the
           Nations
           pressing
           Misery
           ,
           and
           to
           bring
           
             our
             Deliverer
          
           to
           the
           
             Capital
             City
          
           ,
           there
           to
           be
           addrest
           with
           the
           just
           thanks
           of
           a
           People
           he
           had
           
             sav'd
             from
             Destruction
          
           ,
           and
           the
           humble
           offer
           of
           the
           Government
           Military
           and
           Civil
           ,
           for
           that
           Iuncture
           .
           It
           was
           at
           this
           very
           time
           ,
           that
           I
           had
           the
           unhappiness
           to
           be
           hearer
           of
           a
           Sermon
           preach'd
           by
           Mr.
           March
           ;
           in
           which
           his
           now
           Majesties
           Glorious
           Enterprize
           and
           the
           Concurrence
           and
           Actings
           of
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           of
           England
           were
           scandaliz'd
           with
           the
           name
           of
           Rebellion
           ▪
           and
           the
           now
           
             Lord
             Bishop
          
           of
           Salisbury
           ,
           treated
           in
           the
           rudest
           manner
           ,
           for
           a
           Papen
           said
           to
           be
           his
           ,
           
             viz.
             An
             Enquiry
             into
             the
             Measures
             of
             Obedience
             ,
          
           &c.
           which
           Mr.
           Vicar
           undertook
           in
           his
           Sermon
           to
           refute
           .
           To
           hear
           such
           a
           Discourse
           ,
           so
           tim'd
           ,
           and
           to
           find
           its
           approbation
           eccho'd
           by
           the
           Gentlemans
           Admirers
           ,
           was
           a
           thing
           very
           unpleasant
           to
           me
           ;
           to
           see
           a
           Prince
           condemn'd
           in
           the
           Pulpit
           by
           the
           
             very
             Men
          
           he
           came
           to
           save
           ,
           and
           the
           People
           cajol'd
           by
           
             Plausible
             Insinuations
          
           into
           a
           bad
           Opinion
           of
           so
           great
           a
           Deliverance
           ,
           were
           too
           pressing
           Motives
           to
           break
           Silence
           .
           And
           if
           I
           may
           add
           one
           particular
           Swasive
           to
           these
           of
           a
           more
           publick
           Nature
           ,
           the
           friendship
           betwixt
           the
           Learned
           Doctor
           
             Thomas
             Burnet
          
           ,
           Physician
           ,
           and
           me
           ,
           and
           the
           Obligations
           I
           have
           to
           him
           ,
           could
           not
           permit
           me
           without
           a
           breach
           of
           Gratitude
           ,
           to
           bear
           his
           Brother
           ,
           My
           Lord
           Bishop
           of
           Salisbury
           ,
           (
           the
           honour
           of
           our
           Country
           )
           so
           scurrilously
           treated
           ,
           without
           taking
           some
           notice
           of
           it
           .
           These
           were
           the
           Inducements
           that
           extorted
           my
           
             First
             Letter
          
           ,
           and
           that
           occasion'd
           the
           rest
           .
        
         
           And
           what
           Consequents
           these
           Lines
           have
           produc'd
           ,
           if
           thou
           be
           acquainted
           in
           the
           Country
           where
           they
           were
           writ
           ,
           thou
           canst
           not
           but
           know
           ,
           and
           if
           a
           Stranger
           ,
           tho
           I
           should
           tell
           thee
           ,
           thou
           canst
           scarce
           believe
           .
           I
           design'd
           an
           Answer
           to
           his
           Sermon
           ,
           if
           I
           had
           been
           allowed
           a
           Copy
           ,
           which
           to
           oblige
           Mr.
           Vicar
           to
           send
           me
           ,
           I
           wrote
           the
           First
           ;
           so
           that
           the
           many
           Digressions
           in
           the
           other
           two
           ,
           will
           ,
           I
           hope
           ,
           meet
           with
           thy
           favourable
           Construction
           ,
           since
           I
           was
           necessitated
           to
           them
           by
           tracing
           of
           his
           .
           I
           have
           done
           when
           I
           have
           told
           thee
           ,
           Thou
           canst
           not
           be
           more
           a
           loser
           in
           reading
           this
           ,
           than
           I
           in
           writing
           ,
           and
           exposing
           it
           to
           the
           Censure
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           contrary
           to
           my
           Inclination
           ,
           and
           perhaps
           to
           my
           Interest
           .
        
         
           
             J.
             W.
             
          
           
             London
             ,
             
               April
               1.
               1689.
               
            
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           To
           the
           REVEREND
           Mr.
           John
           March
           ,
           Vicar
           of
           NEWCASTLE
           .
           Newcastle
           ,
           Feb.
           1.
           1688
           
           /
           9.
           
        
         
           LEST
           your
           narrow
           Acquaintance
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           the
           Retirement
           your
           Humor
           obliges
           you
           to
           ,
           should
           occasion
           your
           Ignorance
           of
           the
           Sentiments
           the
           most
           thinking
           part
           of
           your
           Hearers
           have
           of
           your
           other
           days
           Sermon
           ,
           I
           have
           given
           my self
           the
           trouble
           to
           write
           these
           few
           Animadversions
           upon
           it
           ,
           which
           be
           pleased
           to
           take
           in
           good
           part
           ,
           as
           coming
           from
           a
           Person
           ,
           who
           as
           he
           scorns
           to
           flatter
           you
           ,
           so
           he
           hates
           to
           treat
           you
           any
           otherwise
           ,
           but
           as
           a
           Gown-man
           ,
           and
           a
           Gentleman
           .
        
         
           The
           first
           thing
           which
           occurs
           to
           me
           in
           your
           Discourse
           ,
           is
           of
           such
           a
           nature
           as
           the
           Learned
           World
           ,
           and
           Men
           of
           Breeding
           ,
           have
           ever
           disdain'd
           ;
           I
           mean
           your
           unmannerly
           way
           of
           treating
           a
           Gentleman
           ,
           whose
           Reputation
           is
           uncapable
           of
           being
           in
           the
           least
           tainted
           by
           any
           such
           waspish
           Expressions
           as
           yours
           .
           Dr.
           Burnet
           has
           made
           a
           Figure
           in
           the
           World
           of
           no
           contemptible
           Magnitude
           ,
           and
           such
           an
           one
           as
           obliges
           the
           
             Roman
             Catholicks
          
           themselves
           (
           whom
           none
           ever
           more
           disobliged
           ,
           )
           to
           treat
           him
           in
           their
           Writings
           ,
           with
           the
           just
           Character
           a
           Person
           of
           his
           vast
           Learning
           deserves
           .
           If
           in
           France
           ,
           amidst
           the
           heat
           of
           Persecution
           against
           those
           of
           his
           own
           Religion
           ;
           if
           in
           Italy
           ,
           yea
           ,
           in
           Rome
           it self
           ,
           Dr.
           Burnet
           has
           been
           carrest
           by
           all
           the
           Learned
           of
           the
           Romish
           Persuasion
           ,
           notwithstanding
           his
           immortal
           Writings
           against
           them
           ,
           could
           it
           be
           dreamed
           ,
           that
           in
           so
           Noble
           and
           Antient
           a
           Corporation
           as
           this
           of
           Newcastle
           ,
           and
           in
           presence
           of
           so
           many
           Worthy
           Gentlemen
           ,
           the
           Magistrates
           thereof
           ,
           any
           of
           the
           Black-Robe
           would
           venture
           to
           treat
           this
           Dr.
           Burnet
           with
           the
           scurrilous
           and
           indecent
           Epithets
           of
           [
           
             a
             Man
             that
             has
             made
             a
             great
             bustle
             in
             the
             World
             ,
             an
             Apostate
             from
             the
             Church
             of
          
           England
           ,
           
             a
             seditious
             Inquirer
             ,
             a
             scandalous
             Pamphleteer
             ,
             and
             the
             like
             ,
          
           ]
           and
           to
           repeat
           such
           Expressions
           seventen
           times
           in
           less
           than
           three
           quarters
           of
           an
           hour
           ?
           Was
           this
           due
           from
           a
           Minister
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           to
           the
           Learned
           Dr.
           Burnet
           ,
           who
           to
           his
           Immortal
           Glory
           has
           vindicated
           the
           Reformation
           of
           that
           Church
           from
           the
           Aspersions
           of
           its
           Enemies
           ,
           by
           a
           
           History
           admired
           by
           all
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           done
           already
           into
           several
           Foreign
           Languages
           ?
           I
           might
           say
           more
           to
           oblige
           you
           to
           a
           blush
           ,
           but
           sure
           I
           am
           ,
           its
           punishment
           enough
           in
           it self
           that
           you
           did
           so
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           thing
           I
           take
           notice
           of
           in
           your
           Sermon
           is
           your
           Endeavours
           to
           prove
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           and
           Non-Resistance
           ,
           a
           Principle
           founded
           on
           the
           Word
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           asserted
           by
           all
           the
           Protestants
           in
           the
           World.
           Pray
           Sir
           ,
           what
           new
           thing
           have
           you
           discover'd
           from
           the
           Sacred
           Text
           ,
           but
           what
           has
           been
           a
           thousand
           times
           said
           ,
           and
           as
           many
           times
           convincingly
           answer'd
           ,
           and
           particularly
           by
           the
           great
           Grotius
           ,
           a
           Man
           not
           much
           inferior
           to
           you
           in
           Learning
           and
           Judgment
           .
           I
           confess
           it
           's
           a
           matter
           of
           no
           great
           difficulty
           to
           talk
           bigly
           of
           Arguments
           for
           any
           Opinion
           ,
           in
           a
           place
           where
           there
           is
           none
           to
           answer
           .
           But
           as
           to
           your
           asserting
           ,
           That
           to
           resist
           Magistrates
           in
           any
           case
           ,
           is
           disallowed
           by
           all
           the
           Protestants
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           I
           would
           have
           you
           to
           talk
           this
           in
           some
           place
           where
           Protestant
           Books
           are
           forbid
           ,
           but
           not
           where
           we
           have
           the
           Greatest
           and
           Learnedst
           of
           that
           Religion
           expresly
           allowing
           of
           it
           in
           many
           cases
           ,
           as
           among
           many
           others
           ,
           
             Calvin
             ,
             Beza
             ,
             Du
             Plessis
             ,
             Luther
             ,
             Melancton
             ,
             Zuinglius
             ,
             Dumoulin
             ,
          
           &c.
           
           And
           to
           evince
           that
           their
           Practice
           goes
           equal
           pace
           with
           their
           Opinion
           ,
           I
           must
           tell
           you
           ,
           That
           you
           cannot
           instance
           me
           any
           Protestant
           Church
           in
           
             Europe
             (
             England
          
           alone
           excepted
           ,
           )
           that
           was
           not
           necessitated
           to
           wrestle
           thro
           its
           Reformation
           from
           Popery
           and
           Slavery
           ,
           by
           resisting
           the
           Power
           that
           would
           have
           perpetuated
           both
           .
           None
           acquainted
           with
           Modern
           History
           ,
           but
           knows
           ,
           That
           
             France
             ,
             Germany
             ,
             Switzerland
          
           ,
           the
           Grisons
           ,
           the
           
             Low
             Countries
             ,
             Swedland
             ,
             Scotland
             ,
             Denmark
             ,
          
           and
           Poland
           ,
           forced
           their
           way
           to
           Reformation
           by
           Resistance
           ,
           and
           the
           most
           of
           them
           thro
           Rivers
           of
           Blood.
           I
           confess
           it
           could
           have
           been
           wished
           ,
           That
           calmer
           Methods
           had
           been
           used
           ,
           but
           the
           then
           Juncture
           of
           Affairs
           in
           Europe
           ,
           and
           concurring
           Providences
           of
           God
           ,
           seem'd
           not
           then
           to
           allow
           them
           .
           I
           know
           that
           many
           Divines
           of
           late
           ,
           among
           others
           the
           Excellent
           Claud
           has
           thought
           fit
           to
           lay
           the
           grounds
           of
           all
           these
           Wars
           (
           in
           the
           preceding
           Age
           )
           upon
           the
           account
           of
           Civil
           Interest
           ,
           viz.
           Oppression
           ,
           and
           breach
           of
           Laws
           ▪
           and
           if
           it
           be
           so
           ,
           it
           meets
           too
           patly
           with
           our
           case
           in
           England
           :
           So
           that
           if
           we
           be
           not
           allowed
           to
           vindicate
           our
           Religion
           ,
           at
           least
           we
           may
           vindicate
           our
           Civil
           Liberties
           ,
           by
           resisting
           a
           Power
           that
           would
           trample
           upon
           them
           .
           And
           I
           here
           positively
           challenge
           you
           to
           instance
           one
           Protestant
           Writer
           of
           any
           Fame
           that
           disapproves
           the
           grounds
           of
           the
           Civil
           Wars
           of
           
             France
             ,
             Low
             Countries
             ,
             Switzerland
             ,
          
           and
           Germany
           ,
           because
           they
           were
           either
           upon
           a
           Civil
           or
           a
           Religious
           Account
           .
           And
           upon
           the
           other
           hand
           ,
           among
           a
           great
           many
           in
           better
           Libraries
           ,
           I
           'll
           produce
           you
           out
           of
           that
           small
           one
           I
           have
           in
           this
           place
           ,
           ten
           or
           twelve
           expresly
           proving
           the
           lawfulness
           of
           these
           VVars
           upon
           both
           these
           grounds
           ,
           and
           yet
           in
           them
           all
           there
           were
           the
           very
           same
           Steps
           made
           that
           appear
           in
           the
           great
           Revolution
           of
           England
           ,
           at
           this
           day
           .
           And
           that
           this
           was
           the
           Unanimous
           Sentiment
           of
           this
           very
           Nation
           England
           in
           the
           last
           Age
           ,
           appears
           by
           its
           mighty
           protection
           of
           ,
           and
           influence
           upon
           the
           Reformations
           abroad
           ,
           under
           the
           happy
           Conduct
           of
           the
           Glorious
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ;
           so
           that
           in
           disapproving
           of
           Resistance
           
           upon
           the
           account
           of
           Religion
           and
           Liberties
           ,
           you
           throw
           a
           black
           Aspersion
           upon
           the
           Sacred
           Ashes
           of
           a
           Princess
           ,
           who
           at
           the
           expence
           of
           a
           vast
           Treasure
           and
           many
           Lives
           ,
           assisted
           afflicted
           Subjects
           against
           their
           Tyranizing
           Princes
           :
           And
           who
           knows
           but
           the
           Almighty
           God
           may
           raise
           up
           in
           our
           Age
           another
           Princess
           to
           act
           over
           again
           the
           part
           of
           her
           Triumphant
           Predecessor
           ,
           and
           make
           her
           a
           glorious
           Instrument
           to
           perfect
           that
           Reformation
           which
           the
           other
           did
           so
           happily
           begin
           ?
        
         
           I
           might
           inlarge
           upon
           a
           great
           many
           things
           in
           your
           Sermon
           ,
           which
           this
           short
           Letter
           cannot
           allow
           of
           ;
           but
           I
           admire
           what
           bad
           Genius
           prompted
           you
           to
           stile
           Self-Defence
           ,
           even
           in
           a
           general
           Notion
           ,
           
             an
             old
             Fanatick
             Principle
          
           .
           VVere
           the
           Authors
           of
           the
           Roman
           Tables
           ,
           their
           
             Codex
             ,
             Pandects
          
           ,
           and
           Institutions
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           Famous
           Lawyers
           that
           commented
           upon
           them
           Fanaticks
           ?
           Is
           not
           
             Moderamen
             inculpatae
             turelae
          
           ,
           lookt
           upon
           by
           them
           and
           by
           all
           Mankind
           ,
           as
           an
           indeleble
           Impression
           fixt
           upon
           our
           Nature
           by
           the
           Hand
           of
           our
           Maker
           ?
           If
           you
           had
           been
           at
           the
           pains
           to
           distinguish
           betwixt
           the
           Kinds
           of
           this
           Self-Defence
           ,
           and
           wherein
           it
           was
           allowed
           and
           wherein
           not
           ;
           you
           might
           have
           informed
           the
           Judgments
           of
           your
           Hearers
           ;
           but
           to
           give
           it
           such
           a
           Name
           without
           any
           distinction
           ,
           I
           'll
           be
           bold
           to
           say
           ,
           you
           are
           the
           first
           that
           did
           it
           in
           a
           Pulpit
           .
        
         
           There
           is
           but
           one
           thing
           more
           that
           I
           shall
           at
           present
           take
           notice
           of
           in
           your
           Discourse
           ;
           and
           really
           I
           cannot
           do
           it
           without
           horror
           !
           Your
           saying
           ,
           
             That
             whoever
             medled
             with
             the
             Kings
             Forts
             ,
             Castles
             ,
             Militia
             ,
             and
             Revenue
             ,
             were
             in
             the
             sense
             of
             your
             Text
             ,
             guilty
             of
             Damnation
             .
          
           Pray
           Sir
           ,
           do
           you
           consider
           upon
           whom
           you
           pass
           this
           uncharitable
           Censure
           ?
           Is
           it
           not
           upon
           a
           Prince
           ,
           that
           to
           rescue
           us
           from
           Popery
           and
           Slavery
           has
           ventur'd
           his
           All
           ,
           and
           who
           seems
           to
           have
           been
           given
           us
           of
           Heaven
           ,
           a
           Restorer
           of
           our
           Breaches
           ?
           Does
           not
           this
           your
           Thunder
           fall
           upon
           a
           mighty
           Protestant
           State
           ,
           who
           gave
           him
           the
           means
           to
           accomplish
           this
           glorious
           Enterprize
           ?
           In
           this
           you
           cast
           a
           Blot
           upon
           all
           the
           Protestant
           Princes
           in
           Europe
           ,
           who
           have
           concurr'd
           with
           him
           in
           it
           ,
           as
           the
           last
           cast
           of
           the
           Dye
           for
           our
           Religion
           .
           In
           short
           ,
           you
           throw
           an
           indeleble
           Blot
           upon
           the
           most
           considerable
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           of
           the
           Nation
           that
           assisted
           him
           in
           this
           great
           Action
           :
           And
           above
           all
           your
           Censure
           lies
           heavy
           upon
           the
           present
           Convention
           ,
           who
           have
           committed
           unanimously
           the
           Government
           into
           the
           Princes
           Hands
           for
           this
           Juncture
           :
           And
           allow
           me
           to
           say
           ,
           That
           a
           greater
           
             Scandalum
             Magnatum
          
           was
           never
           tryed
           at
           a
           Barr
           ,
           than
           this
           of
           yours
           .
        
         
           In
           fine
           ,
           Let
           any
           one
           of
           sound
           Judgment
           consider
           ,
           if
           this
           Discourse
           of
           yours
           be
           well
           Timed
           ,
           and
           if
           it
           had
           not
           been
           more
           Prudence
           to
           have
           lockt
           up
           such
           Notions
           in
           your
           own
           Breast
           ,
           than
           by
           giving
           them
           vent
           in
           a
           Pulpit
           ,
           expose
           a
           Noble
           Corporation
           to
           the
           Misapprehensions
           of
           those
           at
           the
           Helm
           upon
           your
           account
           ,
           and
           amuse
           the
           People
           with
           bad
           impressions
           of
           a
           stupendious
           Deliverance
           ,
           scarcely
           equal'd
           in
           History
           .
        
         
           Sir
           ,
           I
           have
           transgrest
           the
           Limits
           of
           a
           Letter
           ,
           but
           if
           you
           will
           allow
           me
           the
           Favor
           of
           a
           Copy
           of
           your
           Sermon
           ,
           you
           shall
           have
           an
           Answer
           of
           it
           at
           full
           length
           ,
           by
        
         
           
             SIR
             ,
          
           
             Your
             Humble
             Servant
             
               JAMES
               WELWOOD
            
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               Let
               me
               know
               if
               I
               may
               expect
               your
               Answer
               ,
               or
               a
               Copy
               of
               your
               Sermon
               .
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
           To
           Mr
           
             JAMES
             WELWOOD
          
           .
           Newcastle
           ,
           February
           11th
           .
           1688
           /
           9.
           
        
         
           IT
           's
           certain
           I
           never
           knew
           till
           this
           Morning
           that
           you
           had
           given
           your self
           the
           trouble
           ,
           and
           my
           meanness
           the
           honour
           and
           satisfaction
           of
           a
           Letter
           ,
           and
           to
           make
           the
           earliest
           acknowledgments
           I
           could
           ,
           of
           so
           particular
           a
           favour
           ,
           I
           set
           my self
           to
           the
           Writing
           an
           Answer
           assoon
           as
           I
           had
           leave
           from
           the
           Company
           ,
           your
           Messenger
           found
           me
           engaged
           in
           :
           You
           are
           pleased
           in
           the
           first
           place
           to
           accuse
           me
           of
           treating
           Dr.
           Burnet
           in
           a
           very
           rude
           manner
           ,
           to
           which
           accusation
           I
           return
           you
           this
           Answer
           ,
        
         
           First
           ,
           That
           I
           knew
           not
           that
           Doctor
           Burnet
           was
           the
           Author
           of
           that
           Pamphlet
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           I
           have
           been
           Informed
           that
           he
           disowns
           it
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           I
           am
           willing
           to
           believe
           this
           Information
           for
           the
           Doctors
           honour
           ,
           because
           it
           is
           well
           known
           he
           hath
           in
           his
           Learned
           Writings
           ,
           stiffly
           asserted
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ,
           insomuch
           that
           some
           have
           been
           pleased
           to
           tell
           the
           World
           in
           Print
           ,
           that
           he
           hath
           asserted
           it
           even
           to
           a
           fault
           .
        
         
           Fourthly
           ,
           If
           Doctor
           Burnet
           be
           the
           Author
           of
           the
           said
           Pamphlet
           ,
           I
           have
           not
           treated
           him
           so
           ill
           as
           he
           hath
           done
           a
           Crowned
           Head
           ,
           and
           his
           own
           Sovereign
           Prince
           ,
           and
           this
           I
           hope
           will
           pass
           for
           a
           just
           Apology
           with
           a
           Person
           of
           your
           Loyalty
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           second
           place
           ,
           you
           quarrel
           with
           those
           Epithets
           I
           bestowed
           on
           the
           Anonymus
           Author
           of
           the
           said
           Pamphlet
           ,
           but
           it
           had
           been
           a
           more
           substantial
           Vindication
           of
           his
           Innocence
           to
           have
           refuted
           the
           reasons
           on
           which
           the
           imputation
           was
           grounded
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           third
           place
           ,
           You
           take
           notice
           that
           I
           affirm'd
           in
           my
           Sermon
           ,
           that
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ,
           &c.
           was
           a
           Principle
           asserted
           by
           all
           the
           Protestants
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           but
           as
           to
           this
           part
           of
           my
           Sermon
           ,
           either
           your
           great
           memory
           ,
           or
           great
           understanding
           failed
           you
           ▪
           for
           that
           which
           I
           asserted
           was
           this
           ,
           That
           all
           the
           Protestant
           Churches
           own
           the
           Scriptures
           of
           the
           Old
           and
           New
           Testament
           to
           be
           a
           perfect
           Rule
           of
           Faith
           and
           Manners
           ,
           and
           for
           a
           proof
           of
           this
           ,
           I
           do
           now
           refer
           you
           ,
           as
           I
           did
           then
           ,
           to
           the
           
             Corpus
             Confessionum
          
           ,
           and
           thus
           you
           have
           spent
           a
           third
           part
           of
           your
           Letter
           in
           chasing
           your
           own
           shadow
           ;
           if
           my
           Sermon
           had
           concerned
           me
           in
           the
           Controversie
           ,
           I
           would
           also
           make
           it
           appear
           that
           you
           injure
           some
           of
           those
           great
           names
           you
           mention
           in
           your
           Letter
           ,
           such
           as
           
             Luther
             ,
             Calvin
             ,
             Melancton
          
           and
           others
           ,
           by
           making
           them
           Patrons
           of
           Resistance
           ,
           
             which
             is
             but
             another
             name
             for
             Rebellion
             .
          
           But
           Doctor
           Burnet
           
           was
           better
           informed
           by
           a
           Learned
           Divine
           of
           Franckford
           ,
           as
           you
           may
           see
           in
           his
           Travels
           ,
           where
           you
           find
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           Empire
           differs
           from
           this
           of
           England
           ,
           so
           far
           that
           what
           would
           be
           unlawful
           Resistance
           here
           ,
           would
           be
           but
           a
           just
           and
           legal
           defence
           there
           ,
           but
           my
           Sermon
           is
           not
           concern'd
           in
           this
           matter
           ,
           and
           therefore
           I
           shall
           wave
           it
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           fourth
           place
           ▪
           you
           say
           that
           I
           asserted
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           and
           Non-resistance
           of
           the
           higher
           Powers
           ,
           as
           a
           Principle
           founded
           in
           the
           Word
           of
           God
           ,
           this
           I
           confess
           I
           must
           own
           ,
           and
           it
           is
           not
           only
           my
           private
           opinion
           ,
           but
           also
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           our
           Church
           ,
           as
           you
           may
           see
           in
           her
           excellent
           Homilies
           against
           Rebellion
           .
           When
           you
           shall
           give
           your self
           the
           trouble
           to
           prove
           these
           Texts
           are
           misapply'd
           by
           our
           Church
           ,
           you
           shall
           hear
           farther
           from
           me
           ,
           and
           I
           assure
           you
           ,
           I
           urged
           no
           other
           Texts
           than
           what
           you
           'l
           find
           there
           ,
           and
           this
           will
           save
           me
           the
           labour
           of
           copying
           out
           that
           part
           of
           my
           Sermon
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           fifth
           place
           ,
           you
           admire
           what
           bad
           Genius
           prompted
           me
           ,
           to
           stile
           self
           defence
           even
           in
           the
           general
           notion
           of
           it
           an
           old
           Phanatick
           Principle
           ,
           Sir
           I
           find
           you
           are
           very
           subject
           to
           make
           misrepresentations
           ,
           I
           was
           not
           obliged
           by
           my
           Text
           to
           treat
           of
           self
           defence
           in
           the
           general
           notions
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           I
           do
           assure
           you
           't
           is
           lawful
           to
           defend
           our selves
           against
           Robbers
           and
           private
           Aggressors
           ,
           as
           it
           would
           have
           been
           for
           the
           late
           Archbishop
           of
           St.
           Andrews
           against
           Balfour
           and
           his
           other
           barbarous
           Assassines
           .
           This
           I
           easily
           grant
           you
           ,
           but
           I
           inveigh'd
           in
           my
           Sermon
           as
           the
           Text
           did
           warrant
           me
           against
           such
           as
           resisted
           the
           Higher
           Powers
           ,
           and
           to
           tell
           you
           the
           truth
           ,
           the
           bad
           Genius
           that
           prompted
           me
           to
           stile
           such
           resistance
           ▪
           an
           old
           Fanatick
           Principle
           came
           out
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           for
           I
           have
           in
           my
           little
           Library
           ,
           
             Buchanan
             ,
             Douglas
             ,
             Rutherford
             ,
             Nephthali
          
           ▪
           and
           other
           Scotch
           Fanaticks
           ,
           who
           maintained
           Rebellion
           under
           the
           disguise
           of
           such
           self
           defence
           ,
           and
           because
           you
           pretend
           to
           great
           skill
           in
           the
           Civil
           Law
           ,
           I
           must
           tell
           you
           I
           have
           in
           my
           little
           Library
           the
           Roman
           Tables
           ,
           the
           
             Codex
             ,
             Pandects
             ,
             Institutes
          
           ,
           and
           several
           Famous
           Civilians
           that
           have
           commented
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           I
           do
           not
           find
           that
           they
           allow
           self
           defence
           against
           the
           Higher
           Powers
           .
           I
           desire
           you
           therefore
           to
           tell
           me
           whether
           the
           
             Lex
             Regia
          
           ,
           or
           what
           part
           of
           the
           
             Codex
             ,
             Pandects
             ,
             &c.
          
           doth
           allow
           self
           defence
           against
           the
           Higher
           Powers
           ;
           and
           I
           would
           also
           know
           whether
           St.
           Paul
           did
           not
           understand
           the
           Roman
           Tables
           ,
           and
           the
           Constitution
           of
           that
           Oecomenical
           Empire
           ,
           and
           whether
           he
           chose
           rather
           to
           Preach
           ,
           as
           I
           did
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           Non-resistance
           ,
           than
           that
           of
           Self-defence
           :
           I
           hope
           you
           will
           not
           say
           as
           a
           wretched
           Socinian
           once
           did
           ,
           
             Paulo
             majora
             canamus
          
           .
           Whereas
           you
           add
           I
           should
           have
           given
           some
           distinctions
           of
           the
           several
           kinds
           of
           self
           defence
           ,
           I
           think
           with
           Submission
           ,
           the
           Text
           made
           it
           needless
           to
           distinguish
           ,
           seeing
           there
           is
           express
           mention
           of
           Resisting
           the
           Higher
           Powers
           ,
           which
           ,
           had
           your
           zeal
           given
           you
           leave
           to
           have
           attended
           to
           ,
           I
           'm
           so
           charitable
           as
           to
           believe
           you
           would
           have
           reserved
           your
           complaint
           for
           a
           fitter
           occasion
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           sixth
           place
           ,
           you
           tell
           me
           you
           cannot
           recount
           without
           horror
           the
           passage
           of
           my
           Sermon
           ,
           Whosoever
           medleth
           with
           the
           Kings
           Forts
           ,
           Militia
           ,
           
           &c.
           were
           guilty
           of
           Damnation
           ,
           the
           passage
           fairly
           represented
           was
           thus
           ,
           Our
           Saviour
           commands
           Subjects
           to
           render
           unto
           Caesar
           the
           things
           that
           ▪
           are
           Caesars
           ▪
           now
           since
           by
           the
           undoubted
           Laws
           of
           the
           Land
           ,
           all
           Forts
           ,
           Customs
           ,
           Militia
           ,
           &c.
           are
           the
           things
           that
           belong
           to
           our
           
             English
             Caesar
          
           ,
           our
           Saviour
           were
           he
           now
           upon
           Earth
           ,
           would
           command
           the
           Subjects
           of
           this
           Kingdom
           at
           this
           time
           to
           render
           those
           things
           unto
           Caesar
           ,
           and
           not
           to
           seize
           them
           ,
           &c.
           
           Is
           this
           such
           terrible
           Doctrine
           that
           you
           could
           not
           mention
           it
           without
           horror
           ?
           but
           in
           England
           we
           bring
           solid
           Arguments
           ,
           not
           puerile
           Exclamations
           to
           prove
           a
           Doctrine
           to
           be
           false
           .
           If
           then
           it
           be
           a
           sin
           for
           Subjects
           to
           seize
           the
           Kings
           Revenues
           ,
           &c.
           as
           I
           shall
           presume
           it
           to
           be
           ,
           till
           I
           see
           the
           contrary
           proved
           ,
           it
           will
           no
           doubt
           without
           repentance
           expose
           the
           sinner
           to
           Damnation
           ,
           unless
           you
           believe
           it
           to
           be
           but
           a
           venial
           sin
           ;
           you
           seem
           a
           little
           malicious
           ,
           when
           you
           make
           me
           reflect
           upon
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           ,
           but
           you
           can't
           but
           know
           ,
           that
           I
           am
           discoursing
           of
           the
           duty
           of
           Subjects
           ,
           and
           I
           hope
           you
           do
           not
           believe
           the
           Prince
           to
           be
           one
           .
           As
           therefore
           I
           had
           no
           occasion
           to
           mention
           him
           ,
           so
           I
           can
           assure
           you
           he
           was
           far
           from
           my
           thoughts
           .
           You
           shew
           little
           skill
           in
           our
           Laws
           ,
           when
           you
           call
           Preaching
           up
           Passive
           Obedience
           (
           which
           your
           Friend
           Doctor
           Burnet
           will
           inform
           you
           is
           the
           avowed
           Doctrine
           of
           our
           Church
           )
           
             Scandalum
             Magnatum
          
           ▪
           your
           rash
           censure
           sounds
           more
           like
           a
           
             Scandalum
             Ecclesiae
          
           ,
           you
           are
           mightily
           concern'd
           for
           the
           Protestant
           States
           and
           Princes
           of
           Europe
           ,
           but
           I
           know
           no
           injury
           done
           them
           by
           my
           Sermon
           ,
           I
           am
           confident
           there
           is
           not
           a
           Protestant
           Prince
           ,
           who
           understands
           his
           own
           Interest
           that
           will
           be
           offended
           at
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           Passive
           Obedience
           ,
           you
           are
           much
           more
           guilty
           of
           casting
           an
           indeleble
           blot
           upon
           the
           Noble
           Progenitors
           of
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           ,
           the
           High
           and
           Mighty
           States
           of
           
             Holland
             ,
             &c.
          
           who
           will
           have
           a
           Reformation
           introduced
           amongst
           them
           by
           a
           Rebellion
           ?
           I
           am
           not
           at
           leisure
           to
           vindicate
           all
           the
           Protestant
           Countries
           ,
           but
           it
           will
           be
           a
           sufficient
           answer
           to
           your
           bold
           challenge
           ,
           to
           inform
           you
           that
           the
           States
           of
           Holland
           give
           another
           account
           of
           their
           revolt
           from
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           assuring
           us
           that
           the
           constitution
           of
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           Netherlands
           ,
           was
           such
           as
           allowed
           them
           to
           defend
           themselves
           against
           the
           Incroachments
           of
           their
           Prince
           ,
           but
           the
           Constitution
           of
           the
           English
           Monarchy
           is
           different
           ,
           for
           the
           12
           and
           13
           Statutes
           Car.
           2.
           forbid
           the
           Subjects
           to
           Levy
           any
           War
           offensive
           or
           defensive
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           close
           ,
           you
           question
           my
           prudence
           in
           timing
           my
           discourse
           no
           better
           ,
           this
           perhaps
           may
           be
           a
           complement
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           therefore
           let
           it
           pass
           ,
           but
           Sir
           I
           must
           tell
           you
           I
           have
           always
           Preached
           this
           Doctrine
           on
           Ianuary
           the
           30th
           ,
           ever
           since
           I
           came
           to
           Town
           ,
           and
           formerly
           it
           hath
           not
           been
           thought
           improper
           for
           that
           sad
           occasion
           ,
           but
           received
           with
           good
           approbation
           :
           If
           the
           times
           be
           changed
           ,
           Truth
           is
           not
           ,
           and
           English
           Ministers
           of
           all
           Men
           ought
           not
           to
           be
           time
           servers
           ;
           In
           that
           Sermon
           I
           follow'd
           the
           dictates
           of
           my
           own
           Conscience
           ,
           and
           though
           I
           have
           read
           as
           much
           Politicks
           as
           my
           Neighbours
           ,
           yet
           I
           have
           always
           thought
           ,
           and
           do
           still
           think
           ,
           that
           honesty
           is
           the
           best
           Policy
           :
           You
           desire
           a
           Copy
           of
           my
           Sermon
           ,
           and
           with
           great
           modesty
           threaten
           me
           
           with
           a
           full
           Answer
           ,
           but
           ,
           Sir
           ,
           from
           the
           little
           Specimen
           you
           have
           given
           me
           of
           your
           skill
           in
           Divinity
           ,
           I
           find
           you
           are
           one
           of
           another
           Profession
           ,
           and
           therefore
           I
           question
           whether
           it
           will
           quit
           cost
           to
           trouble
           you
           ,
           but
           since
           you
           tell
           me
           that
           Doctor
           Burnet
           is
           the
           Author
           of
           that
           Pamphlet
           ,
           I
           took
           notice
           of
           in
           my
           Sermon
           ,
           and
           I
           hear
           that
           you
           have
           some
           acquaintance
           with
           that
           great
           Man
           ,
           to
           shew
           my
           just
           veneration
           for
           that
           Learning
           he
           is
           master
           of
           ,
           I
           shall
           not
           refuse
           to
           send
           him
           a
           copy
           of
           it
           ,
           in
           case
           you
           can
           prevail
           with
           him
           to
           vindicate
           those
           positions
           he
           lays
           down
           there
           ,
           I
           do
           assure
           you
           I
           should
           be
           very
           well
           content
           to
           be
           honestly
           rid
           of
           an
           error
           ,
           I
           can
           promise
           my self
           no
           great
           advantage
           by
           .
           If
           you
           are
           in
           love
           with
           scribling
           ,
           and
           think
           fit
           to
           communicate
           your
           thoughts
           ,
           concerning
           those
           two
           points
           which
           are
           more
           agreeable
           to
           your
           Profession
           ,
           
             viz.
             An
             succus
             Pancreaticus
             sit
             causa
             principalis
             morborum
             ,
             &
             an
             clarissimus
             Harveius
             fuerit
             primus
             inventor
             circulationis
             sanguinis
             ,
          
           both
           of
           which
           I
           deny
           ,
           though
           affirmed
           by
           several
           of
           your
           Learned
           tribe
           ,
           I
           may
           possible
           gain
           more
           by
           your
           Learning
           in
           Physick
           ,
           than
           I
           have
           by
           your
           skill
           in
           Divinity
           .
           Be
           pleased
           to
           take
           in
           good
           part
           this
           hasty
           scrible
           ,
           and
           pardon
           the
           faults
           thereof
           ,
           by
           which
           you
           'l
           oblige
           ,
        
         
           
             SIR
             ,
          
           
             
               Your
               humble
               Servant
            
             John
             March.
             
          
        
      
       
         
           To
           the
           Reverend
           Mr.
           
             JOHN
             MARCH
          
           Vicar
           of
           Newcastle
           .
           Newcastle
           ,
           February
           13th
           .
           1688
           /
           9.
           
        
         
           
             SIR
             ,
          
        
         
           I
           Expected
           the
           Copy
           of
           your
           Sermon
           ,
           but
           I
           have
           received
           a
           Letter
           ,
           and
           that
           of
           such
           a
           strain
           as
           bespeaks
           you
           no
           Apathist
           .
           I
           take
           no
           notice
           of
           your
           direction
           ,
           but
           to
           tell
           you
           ,
           that
           if
           you
           had
           taken
           the
           degree
           of
           Doctor
           in
           any
           University
           of
           England
           ,
           you
           would
           have
           found
           the
           good
           manners
           in
           any
           civiliz'd
           Nation
           of
           Europe
           ,
           to
           be
           design'd
           as
           such
           ,
           and
           albeit
           no
           Man
           has
           a
           greater
           Veneration
           for
           the
           two
           great
           Luminaries
           of
           Oxford
           and
           Cambridge
           then
           I
           ,
           yet
           the
           University
           where
           I
           commenc'd
           Doctor
           ,
           would
           take
           it
           ill
           to
           be
           placed
           in
           a
           much
           lower
           degree
           .
           Letting
           this
           pass
           among
           a
           great
           many
           expressions
           ,
           that
           smells
           of
           a
           redundancy
           of
           Choler
           ,
           be
           pleased
           to
           take
           this
           Answer
           to
           your
           Letter
           ,
           as
           it
           lyes
           divided
           in
           your
           Numerical
           Paragraphs
           .
        
         
         
           First
           ,
           You
           are
           pleased
           to
           say
           ,
           
             you
             knew
             not
             that
             Doctor
          
           Burnet
           
             was
             the
             Author
             of
             that
             Pamphlet
             ,
             the
             inquiry
             into
             the
             measures
             of
             Obedience
             ;
             and
             though
             you
             had
             ,
             yet
             you
             have
             not
             treated
             him
             so
             ill
             ,
             as
             he
             has
             treated
             his
             Soveraign
             Prince
             .
          
           To
           which
           I
           answer
           ,
           that
           whether
           it
           be
           his
           or
           not
           ,
           it
           matters
           not
           in
           this
           case
           ,
           since
           common
           fame
           makes
           it
           so
           ,
           and
           ev'ry
           body
           in
           this
           place
           believes
           it
           ;
           And
           that
           you
           likewise
           thought
           so
           ,
           would
           appear
           from
           that
           expression
           in
           your
           Sermon
           ;
           
             yea
             ,
             Doctor
          
           Burnet
           
             himself
             cannot
             instance
             above
             three
             hundred
             Martyrs
             in
             Q.
          
           Maries
           days
           ,
           the
           word
           [
           himself
           ]
           being
           emphatick
           enough
           to
           oblige
           your
           Hearers
           to
           believe
           you
           took
           him
           for
           the
           Author
           of
           that
           Pamphlet
           ,
           as
           you
           call
           it
           :
           That
           you
           design'd
           that
           great
           Man
           in
           your
           kind
           Epithets
           ,
           and
           the
           Person
           unknown
           ,
           appears
           plainly
           by
           your
           calling
           the
           inquirer
           
             a
             Man
             that
             has
             made
             a
             great
             bustle
             in
             the
             World
             ,
          
           giving
           so
           scurril
           a
           term
           to
           the
           Doctors
           justly
           acquired
           fame
           :
           And
           if
           it
           was
           not
           he
           ,
           pray
           be
           pleas'd
           to
           condescend
           whom
           else
           you
           meant
           .
        
         
           And
           I
           must
           tell
           you
           ,
           this
           is
           not
           the
           first
           time
           you
           have
           spoken
           unkindly
           of
           him
           .
           When
           you
           talk
           of
           the
           Doctor
           his
           ill
           treating
           of
           his
           Soveraign
           Prince
           ,
           I
           doubt
           not
           but
           you
           incline
           that
           others
           should
           share
           in
           this
           imputation
           ,
           since
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           have
           treated
           the
           King
           worse
           by
           their
           actions
           ,
           in
           your
           sense
           ,
           than
           ever
           Dr.
           Burnet
           himself
           was
           capable
           to
           do
           by
           his
           Pen.
           And
           I
           assure
           my self
           ,
           that
           as
           Conscience
           and
           Love
           to
           Religion
           ,
           oblig'd
           these
           Noble
           Patriots
           to
           what
           they
           have
           acted
           ,
           so
           the
           same
           Principle
           did
           actuate
           the
           Doctor
           to
           what
           he
           has
           wrote
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           You
           quarrel
           me
           
             for
             minding
             you
             of
             the
             scurrilous
             Epithets
             you
             gave
             the
             Inquirer
             ,
          
           and
           tell
           me
           ,
           
             I
             ought
             rather
             to
             have
             refuted
             the
             Reasons
             against
             him
             .
          
           The
           truth
           is
           ,
           I
           was
           in
           the
           wrong
           to
           quarrel
           with
           such
           Epithets
           ,
           since
           they
           seem
           to
           be
           congeneal
           with
           your
           Nature
           ;
           But
           as
           to
           the
           Refuting
           of
           your
           Reasons
           ,
           as
           my
           Memory
           is
           not
           the
           worst
           ,
           so
           I
           confess
           't
           is
           none
           of
           the
           best
           ,
           which
           makes
           me
           loath
           to
           trust
           it
           with
           any
           Methodick
           Systeme
           of
           the
           slender
           arguments
           you
           used
           ,
           so
           as
           to
           satisfie
           my self
           in
           a
           Categorick
           Answer
           to
           them
           ;
           But
           if
           you
           had
           wish'd
           for
           a
           Refutation
           ,
           you
           might
           have
           occasion'd
           it
           ,
           by
           a
           Copy
           of
           them
           ;
           And
           if
           I
           had
           not
           at
           least
           endeavoured
           to
           Answer
           them
           ,
           I
           would
           have
           been
           to
           blame
           for
           breach
           of
           promise
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           You
           tax
           me
           with
           a
           mistake
           in
           saying
           ,
           
             that
             you
             maintain'd
             Passive
             Obedience
             to
             be
             the
             Sentiment
             of
             all
             the
             Protestants
             in
          
           Europe
           ,
           To
           this
           I
           answer
           ,
           that
           if
           I
           had
           not
           evinc'd
           to
           you
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           not
           their
           opinion
           ,
           perhaps
           your
           charity
           would
           have
           permitted
           me
           to
           lye
           under
           that
           mistake
           still
           :
           And
           if
           it
           be
           a
           mistake
           ,
           I
           am
           not
           in
           it
           alone
           ,
           for
           a
           great
           many
           of
           your
           Hearers
           perswade
           themselves
           you
           said
           so
           .
           But
           I
           cannot
           but
           take
           notice
           ,
           how
           unwilling
           you
           are
           ,
           that
           the
           Protestants
           abroad
           should
           share
           in
           your
           darling
           Tenet
           of
           Passive
           Obedience
           ,
           and
           your
           unkindness
           to
           them
           herein
           supprises
           me
           the
           less
           ,
           seeing
           it
           is
           not
           the
           first
           time
           you
           have
           unchurch'd
           them
           ,
           upon
           the
           account
           they
           were
           not
           so
           constitute
           as
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           .
           But
           the
           value
           I
           have
           of
           them
           ,
           from
           a
           more
           intimate
           acquaintance
           ,
           than
           your
           narrow
           Theatre
           
           could
           allow
           you
           ,
           obliges
           me
           to
           do
           that
           Justice
           to
           the
           Protestants
           abroad
           as
           to
           affirm
           ,
           That
           notwithstanding
           all
           the
           Resistance
           they
           made
           to
           their
           Tyrannizing
           Princes
           ,
           they
           are
           as
           much
           for
           Passive
           Obedience
           in
           its
           true
           and
           rational
           sense
           ,
           as
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           it self
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           
             where
             the
             Commands
             of
             the
             Sovereign
             are
             incompatible
             with
             their
             duty
             ,
             they
             hold
             themselves
             oblig'd
             to
             suffer
             for
             their
             disobedience
             ,
             rather
             than
             to
             sin
             .
          
           In
           all
           their
           Confessions
           of
           Faith
           ,
           they
           own
           Magistracy
           as
           the
           Ordinance
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           disapprove
           opposition
           to
           it
           in
           execution
           of
           Law
           ;
           But
           they
           never
           so
           far
           divested
           themselves
           of
           Reason
           ,
           as
           to
           yield
           up
           their
           Throats
           to
           be
           cut
           by
           their
           Princes
           turn'd
           absolute
           Tyrants
           ,
           when
           it
           was
           in
           their
           power
           to
           vindicate
           their
           Religion
           and
           Liberties
           by
           their
           Sword.
           That
           England
           concurr'd
           with
           them
           in
           this
           opinion
           appears
           (
           as
           I
           told
           you
           in
           my
           Letter
           )
           by
           the
           mighty
           protection
           they
           vouchsaft
           them
           in
           this
           their
           Resistance
           .
           Moreover
           ,
           which
           I
           forgot
           to
           tell
           you
           ,
           in
           all
           the
           Convocations
           of
           the
           Clergy
           of
           England
           at
           that
           time
           ,
           there
           were
           vast
           sums
           given
           to
           carry
           it
           on
           ,
           and
           the
           preamble
           of
           ev'ry
           Act
           does
           fairly
           insinuate
           the
           lawfulness
           of
           that
           resistance
           made
           by
           the
           Protestants
           abroad
           against
           their
           Princes
           ;
           so
           that
           resistance
           was
           not
           only
           allowed
           by
           the
           Nation
           ,
           but
           likewise
           by
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           in
           a
           full
           Convocation
           of
           its
           Fathers
           .
           And
           if
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           assisted
           so
           generously
           in
           the
           support
           of
           the
           Protestants
           abroad
           ,
           at
           a
           time
           when
           their
           Religion
           was
           Heresie
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           their
           Country
           ;
           How
           much
           rather
           would
           these
           excellent
           Fathers
           of
           the
           Church
           have
           done
           it
           ,
           if
           their
           Religion
           had
           been
           settled
           by
           positive
           and
           fundamental
           Laws
           ,
           as
           it
           was
           after
           by
           several
           Edicts
           and
           Treaties
           .
           What
           you
           say
           
             of
             the
             difference
             of
             the
             Government
             of
             the
             Empire
             and
             that
             of
          
           England
           I
           know
           ,
           but
           let
           me
           tell
           you
           ,
           as
           the
           Golden
           Bull
           is
           the
           great
           Barrer
           against
           Slavery
           there
           ,
           the
           same
           is
           the
           Coronation
           Oath
           here
           ,
           and
           consequently
           if
           the
           Germans
           may
           lawfully
           resist
           the
           Emperor
           ,
           or
           the
           
             Rex
             Romanorum
          
           upon
           breach
           of
           that
           Bull
           ,
           the
           same
           may
           the
           Representatives
           and
           Nobility
           of
           England
           do
           upon
           palpable
           breaches
           of
           the
           Coronation
           Oath
           ,
           for
           as
           the
           Golden
           Bull
           is
           the
           great
           security
           of
           the
           German
           aggregate
           Body
           against
           the
           incroachments
           of
           the
           Emperor
           ,
           the
           same
           is
           the
           Coronation
           Oath
           in
           England
           against
           the
           incroachments
           of
           the
           King.
           
        
         
           Fourthly
           ,
           You
           tell
           me
           ,
           
             you
             hold
             Passive
             Obedience
             to
             be
             founded
             on
             the
             word
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             maintain'd
             by
             the
             Church
             of
          
           England
           ,
           
             and
             contain'd
             in
             her
             Homilies
          
           .
           To
           this
           I
           Answer
           ,
           1.
           
           Tell
           me
           what
           opinion
           was
           ever
           broached
           in
           the
           Church
           ,
           without
           a
           pretence
           of
           Scripture
           to
           back
           it
           ?
           And
           what
           gloss
           can
           you
           put
           upon
           any
           Text
           of
           Holy
           Writ
           to
           prove
           your
           position
           ,
           but
           what
           has
           been
           a
           thousand
           times
           said
           and
           as
           many
           times
           refell'd
           .
           Yet
           if
           you
           had
           allowed
           me
           a
           Copy
           of
           your
           Sermon
           ,
           I
           would
           have
           endeavoured
           to
           clear
           the
           sense
           of
           the
           Texts
           you
           make
           use
           of
           (
           which
           I
           do
           not
           exactly
           remember
           )
           so
           as
           to
           make
           nothing
           for
           your
           purpose
           ;
           And
           in
           your
           doing
           the
           one
           ,
           and
           I
           the
           other
           ,
           neither
           of
           us
           would
           have
           reason
           to
           value
           our selves
           upon
           that
           score
           ,
           since
           I
           fear
           none
           of
           us
           could
           outdo
           ,
           what
           has
           been
           again
           and
           again
           done
           already
           on
           
           that
           Subject
           :
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           let
           me
           tell
           you
           ,
           that
           the
           simple
           stating
           of
           the
           Question
           ,
           solves
           all
           the
           Arguments
           you
           can
           bring
           from
           Scripture
           ,
           as
           I
           shall
           make
           appear
           in
           one
           word
           anon
           .
           2.
           
           As
           to
           Passive
           Obedience
           its
           being
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           I
           have
           told
           you
           already
           that
           the
           Fathers
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           contradicted
           it
           in
           Queen
           Elizabeths
           Reign
           .
           And
           where
           can
           we
           find
           more
           authentick
           records
           of
           their
           Opinion
           and
           Doctrine
           ,
           than
           in
           the
           Printed
           
           Manifesto's
           ,
           and
           Acts
           made
           in
           Convocation
           .
           As
           to
           the
           39
           Articles
           ,
           which
           is
           in
           place
           of
           a
           Confession
           of
           Faith
           ,
           and
           the
           Homilies
           wherein
           you
           say
           that
           Doctrine
           is
           maintain'd
           ,
           I
           'll
           make
           bold
           to
           say
           ,
           that
           Passive
           Obedience
           in
           the
           narrow
           sense
           you
           take
           it
           ,
           was
           not
           so
           much
           as
           thought
           on
           at
           the
           time
           of
           their
           Publishing
           :
           And
           albeit
           you
           should
           find
           a
           way
           to
           make
           them
           seem
           to
           speak
           for
           you
           ,
           the
           simple
           right
           stating
           of
           thē
           question
           answers
           them
           sufficiently
           .
           It
           would
           seem
           to
           me
           ,
           that
           the
           Mitred
           Clergy
           ,
           and
           particularly
           that
           excellent
           Prelate
           My
           Lord
           Bishop
           of
           London
           ,
           should
           be
           at
           least
           as
           well
           acquainted
           with
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           as
           any
           private
           Minister
           in
           a
           corner
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           and
           how
           far
           they
           have
           refell'd
           your
           fond
           Principle
           ,
           appears
           with
           a
           Witness
           in
           their
           committing
           the
           Government
           to
           the
           Prince
           in
           this
           juncture
           ,
           and
           a
           great
           many
           other
           publick
           actings
           .
           If
           your
           Passive
           Obedience
           be
           the
           Principle
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           how
           few
           Church
           of
           England-men
           are
           there
           in
           both
           Houses
           of
           Convention
           at
           present
           ,
           since
           they
           act
           so
           diametrically
           opposite
           to
           it
           ?
           And
           yet
           I
           perswade
           my self
           these
           Worthy
           Patriots
           would
           take
           it
           ill
           to
           be
           call'd
           of
           any
           other
           Church
           .
           3.
           
           To
           refell
           your
           Tenet
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           in
           one
           word
           ,
           I
           need
           no
           more
           ,
           but
           to
           state
           the
           case
           fair
           ,
           and
           without
           equivocation
           thus
           .
           Whate're
           can
           be
           said
           from
           Scripture
           or
           the
           acknowledgment
           of
           Protestant
           Churches
           ,
           Centers
           all
           in
           this
           ,
           
             viz.
             That
             it
             is
             unlawful
             to
             resist
             the
             Magistrate
             while
             he
             is
             lawfully
             such
             ,
             because
             he
             is
             Gods
             Vicegerent
             within
             his
             own
             Iurisdistion
             ;
             But
             when
             by
             his
             maleversations
             he
             divests
             himself
             of
             that
             Office
             ,
             and
             assumes
             a
             contradictory
             Character
             ,
             by
             trampling
             upon
             Laws
             ,
             and
             endeavouring
             to
             subvert
             the
             fundamental
             constitutions
             of
             the
             State
             ,
             contrary
             to
             his
             Coronation
             Oath
             ,
             in
             this
             case
             ,
          
           in
           my
           humble
           opinion
           ,
           
             He
             is
             no
             more
             justly
             a
             Magistrate
             nor
             the
             object
             of
             our
             Obedience
             ,
             and
          
           sua
           culpa
           amittit
           Imperium
           ;
           
             Upon
             which
             the
          
           Primores
           Regni
           
             and
             the
             Representatives
             of
             the
             People
             ,
             may
             lawfully
             fill
             up
             the
             Throne
             vacated
             by
             such
             palpable
             incroachments
             .
          
           This
           being
           the
           State
           of
           the
           case
           ,
           all
           the
           Texts
           of
           Scripture
           you
           can
           produce
           for
           Obedience
           to
           Magistrates
           ,
           are
           to
           be
           natively
           understood
           and
           in
           a
           Logical
           propriety
           of
           predication
           asserted
           ,
           of
           Obedience
           to
           Magistrates
           when
           they
           are
           justly
           and
           lawfully
           such
           ,
           but
           the
           Relatives
           do
           not
           meet
           ,
           when
           the
           Magistrate
           by
           his
           own
           fault
           becomes
           dispossest
           of
           the
           Office.
           There
           is
           one
           thing
           more
           I
           would
           have
           you
           to
           take
           notice
           of
           to
           clear
           this
           head
           ;
           and
           it
           's
           this
           .
           There
           is
           a
           great
           difference
           betwixt
           resisting
           the
           Magistrate
           when
           he
           tramples
           upon
           the
           Religion
           and
           Liberty
           of
           any
           part
           of
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           in
           the
           execution
           of
           the
           Laws
           made
           against
           them
           ,
           
             and
             his
             doing
             of
             it
          
           ,
           in
           contradiction
           to
           Fundamental
           Laws
           already
           made
           in
           their
           Favours
           .
           
           As
           for
           example
           ,
           albeit
           I
           should
           acknowledge
           that
           in
           
           Nero's
           time
           it
           had
           been
           unlawful
           for
           the
           Christians
           to
           resist
           him
           ,
           because
           Christianity
           was
           at
           that
           time
           contradictory
           to
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Empire
           ;
           Yet
           I
           cannot
           perswade
           my self
           ,
           but
           in
           case
           the
           Laws
           at
           that
           time
           ,
           had
           not
           only
           established
           the
           Christian
           Religion
           as
           the
           Religion
           of
           the
           Empire
           ,
           but
           had
           expresly
           disallowed
           any
           other
           ,
           under
           the
           severest
           penalties
           ,
           if
           the
           Roman
           Senate
           ,
           and
           the
           whole
           almost
           of
           the
           People
           had
           been
           Christians
           ,
           I
           cannot
           perswade
           my self
           ,
           I
           say
           ,
           but
           they
           might
           have
           lawfully
           resisted
           Nero
           ;
           Neither
           have
           we
           the
           least
           tract
           in
           the
           History
           of
           that
           age
           ,
           that
           the
           Christians
           disallowed
           the
           Senate
           of
           Romes
           declaring
           that
           Monster
           ,
           an
           Enemy
           of
           Mankind
           and
           of
           the
           Roman
           Empire
           .
           I
           would
           fain
           know
           ,
           can
           Magistracy
           lodg'd
           in
           any
           particular
           Person
           at
           this
           day
           ,
           pretend
           to
           any
           more
           Divine
           Right
           ,
           then
           the
           Patris-familial
           Power
           ;
           And
           yet
           by
           the
           Concession
           of
           Lawyers
           notwithstanding
           ,
           I
           owe
           intire
           Obedience
           to
           my
           Father
           in
           this
           ,
           if
           my
           Father
           divesting
           himself
           of
           all
           paternal
           affection
           should
           conspire
           my
           death
           ,
           and
           endeavour
           my
           distruction
           ,
           in
           this
           Hypothesis
           ,
           the
           Lawyers
           say
           ,
           
             ei
             debetur
             Reverentia
             ,
             sed
             non
             Obedientia
             .
          
           And
           pray
           what
           seems
           more
           inconsequential
           to
           reason
           ,
           and
           the
           Oeconomy
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           yea
           ,
           to
           the
           Goodness
           and
           Wisdom
           of
           Almighty
           God
           ,
           than
           that
           some
           Millions
           of
           People
           should
           be
           so
           despotically
           subjected
           to
           the
           Power
           of
           one
           Man
           ,
           of
           the
           same
           infirmities
           with
           themselves
           ,
           as
           in
           case
           he
           should
           command
           all
           their
           Throats
           to
           be
           cut
           at
           once
           ,
           they
           are
           oblig'd
           under
           the
           pain
           of
           no
           less
           than
           Damnation
           ,
           by
           a
           thing
           call'd
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ,
           to
           submit
           their
           Necks
           tamely
           to
           the
           blow
           ,
           since
           in
           no
           case
           you
           say
           they
           may
           resist
           .
           And
           to
           use
           the
           words
           of
           a
           Worthy
           Gentleman
           in
           the
           late
           Parliament
           ,
           that
           one
           Man
           should
           die
           for
           the
           whole
           People
           ,
           we
           have
           heard
           ,
           but
           that
           the
           whole
           People
           should
           perish
           for
           the
           pleasure
           of
           one
           Man
           ,
           is
           an
           unaccountable
           piece
           of
           folly
           .
           I
           have
           read
           some
           Champions
           of
           Regal
           Prerogative
           ,
           and
           among
           others
           ,
           the
           Learned
           Barclay
           (
           who
           though
           a
           Scotch-man
           ,
           yet
           as
           bitter
           an
           Anti-fanatick
           as
           your self
           )
           and
           they
           all
           agree
           ,
           that
           at
           least
           in
           these
           three
           cases
           ,
           the
           Subjects
           may
           not
           only
           resist
           ,
           but
           wage
           War
           against
           their
           Prince
           .
           1.
           
           They
           say
           ,
           it
           may
           be
           done
           so
           as
           to
           Dethrone
           him
           ,
           
             Si
             imperium
             abdicavit
             aut
             habet
             pro
             derelicto
          
           :
           And
           this
           to
           be
           Parallel
           with
           our
           case
           in
           England
           ,
           the
           Votes
           of
           both
           Houses
           of
           Convention
           declare
           .
           2.
           
           They
           say
           ,
           he
           forfeits
           the
           Crown
           ,
           
             if
             he
             either
             alienate
             it
             or
             subject
             it
             to
             the
             Power
             of
             another
             .
          
           And
           how
           far
           a
           Prince
           bigotted
           in
           the
           Romish
           Religion
           may
           stretch
           his
           Zeal
           ,
           England
           found
           by
           sad
           experience
           in
           King
           
           Iohn's
           days
           ;
           And
           you
           that
           are
           so
           well
           acquainted
           with
           Law
           ,
           cannot
           be
           ignorant
           of
           that
           Maxim
           ,
           
             quod
             semel
             datur
             Deo
             &
             Ecclesiae
             non
             auferendum
          
           :
           and
           so
           sweet
           a
           morsel
           given
           to
           Pope
           Innocent
           III.
           may
           be
           challenged
           by
           Innocent
           XI
           .
           conform
           to
           that
           Maxim
           of
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           .
           And
           how
           far
           he
           that
           endeavours
           to
           subject
           a
           Protestant
           State
           to
           the
           See
           of
           
             Rome
             in
             Spirituals
          
           ,
           may
           fall
           under
           this
           Category
           ,
           I
           leave
           it
           to
           them
           to
           judge
           ,
           who
           are
           acquainted
           with
           the
           Policies
           and
           necessary
           incroachments
           of
           the
           Court
           of
           
             Rome
             ,
             even
             in
             Temporals
          
           .
           3.
           
           These
           Lawyers
           
           acknowledge
           ,
           That
           a
           Prince
           forfeits
           the
           Crown
           ,
           
             Si
             hostili
             animo
             in
             populi
             exitium
             feratur
             .
          
           And
           how
           far
           a
           Prince
           may
           be
           guilty
           of
           this
           ,
           when
           he
           endeavours
           to
           bring
           in
           a
           Religion
           
             inconsistent
             with
             the
             Peoples
             eternal
             Happiness
             ,
          
           I
           leave
           it
           to
           you
           the
           Gentlemen
           of
           the
           Black
           Robe
           ,
           who
           know
           best
           how
           preferable
           the
           Safety
           and
           Health
           of
           the
           Soul
           is
           to
           that
           of
           the
           Body
           ,
           or
           to
           the
           Goods
           of
           Fortune
           .
           And
           thus
           Sir
           ,
           I
           presume
           I
           have
           clear'd
           the
           Controversie
           betwixt
           us
           ,
           by
           a
           fair
           stating
           the
           Question
           ,
           and
           these
           necessary
           Glosses
           upon
           it
           .
        
         
           Fifthly
           ,
           You
           are
           offended
           at
           my
           Saying
           ;
           
             What
             bad
             Genius
             prompted
             you
             to
             call
             Self-Defence
             an
             Old
             Fanatick
             Principle
             ,
          
           and
           you
           tell
           me
           ,
           
             You
             was
             not
             obliged
             from
             your
             Text
             to
             distinguish
             betwixt
             the
             Kinds
             of
             it
             .
          
           I
           refer
           it
           to
           any
           rational
           Man
           ,
           if
           it
           was
           not
           absolutely
           needful
           to
           distinguish
           the
           Kinds
           of
           it
           ,
           since
           many
           things
           may
           be
           said
           of
           the
           Species
           ,
           that
           in
           propriety
           of
           Speech
           cannot
           be
           said
           of
           the
           Genus
           and
           
             vice
             versa
          
           ,
           many
           things
           agree
           to
           the
           Genus
           that
           cannot
           be
           said
           properly
           of
           the
           Species
           .
           As
           for
           Example
           ,
           Would
           it
           be
           proper
           for
           me
           to
           say
           in
           general
           ,
           The
           Sea
           ebbs
           and
           flows
           ten
           or
           twelve
           times
           in
           the
           natural
           Day
           ,
           without
           telling
           what
           Sea
           I
           mean
           ,
           because
           forsooth
           the
           Euripus
           does
           so
           ?
           And
           consequently
           it
           's
           as
           improper
           to
           say
           in
           general
           ,
           Self-Defence
           is
           an
           old
           Fanatick
           Principle
           ,
           without
           distinguishing
           what
           kind
           of
           it
           deserves
           that
           Name
           .
           But
           I
           'm
           willing
           your
           Zeal
           in
           the
           Delivery
           should
           excuse
           this
           mistake
           .
           You
           skip
           strangely
           out
           of
           the
           Road
           to
           meet
           the
           Murderers
           of
           the
           Archbishop
           of
           St.
           Andrews
           ,
           and
           lose
           your
           Pains
           ;
           for
           I
           abhor
           the
           Action
           as
           much
           as
           you
           .
           As
           to
           your
           saying
           ,
           
             That
             Self-Defence
             came
             out
             of
          
           Scotland
           ,
           I
           hope
           their
           Neighbour
           Nation
           of
           England
           has
           sufficiently
           vindicated
           them
           in
           it
           ,
           by
           so
           fairly
           following
           their
           Copy
           in
           this
           Juncture
           .
           You
           add
           ,
           
             That
             you
             have
             many
             Civil
             Law
             Books
             ,
             and
             none
             of
             them
             allows
             Self-Defence
             .
          
           I
           find
           having
           of
           Books
           without
           reading
           them
           does
           no
           great
           Feats
           .
           That
           they
           disallow
           Resistance
           to
           Magistrates
           
             acting
             as
             such
          
           ,
           I
           acknowledge
           .
           But
           that
           there
           are
           not
           a
           great
           many
           
             Senatus-consulta
             ,
             Plebiscita
             ,
             Responsa
             Iurisprudentium
             ,
          
           &c.
           through
           the
           whole
           Tract
           of
           the
           
             Corpus
             Iuris
          
           ,
           fixing
           Boundaries
           to
           the
           Magistrates
           Power
           ,
           against
           the
           breaches
           of
           which
           ,
           they
           often
           made
           Resistance
           worthy
           of
           the
           Roman
           Name
           ,
           none
           can
           be
           ignorant
           ,
           who
           know
           any
           thing
           of
           that
           Law.
           Must
           I
           tell
           you
           ,
           That
           in
           all
           the
           Changes
           of
           the
           Roman
           Government
           to
           that
           of
           Emperour
           exclusivè
           ,
           there
           was
           still
           a
           
             Tribunitia
             potestas
          
           lodged
           among
           the
           Plebeians
           ,
           of
           meer
           design
           to
           set
           Bounds
           to
           the
           Supreme
           Magistrates
           ?
           Hence
           it
           was
           ,
           That
           after
           the
           Government
           became
           Imperial
           and
           more
           Despotick
           ,
           the
           Emperors
           were
           obliged
           in
           Policy
           to
           unite
           the
           Tribunitial
           Power
           to
           the
           perpetual
           Dictatorship
           and
           Imperial
           Dignity
           .
           Was
           there
           ever
           a
           People
           in
           the
           World
           more
           jealous
           of
           Liberty
           and
           impatient
           of
           Slavery
           ,
           as
           the
           Romans
           ?
           Witness
           the
           dethroning
           of
           Tarquin
           ,
           the
           Plebeians
           Insurrection
           against
           the
           Patritii
           ,
           the
           bloody
           Wars
           of
           Sylla
           and
           
             Marius
             ,
             Caesar
          
           and
           Pompey
           ,
           the
           unparallel'd
           Battel
           of
           Munda
           ,
           &c.
           
           Yea
           ,
           after
           that
           Rome
           had
           submitted
           its
           Neck
           to
           the
           Imperial
           Yoke
           ,
           there
           still
           was
           left
           them
           considerable
           Vestiges
           of
           the
           Peoples
           and
           Senates
           Power
           ,
           which
           in
           many
           Emergents
           they
           
           were
           obliged
           to
           make
           use
           of
           ;
           and
           must
           I
           mind
           you
           of
           the
           famous
           Saying
           of
           one
           of
           the
           greatest
           of
           the
           Emperors
           ,
           in
           giving
           the
           Praetor
           the
           Sword
           ,
           
             Pro
             me
             si
             mereor
             in
             me
             ,
          
           mention'd
           with
           mighty
           Applause
           by
           Pliny
           the
           Younger
           ,
           in
           his
           Panegyrick
           ?
        
         
           Sixthly
           ,
           You
           are
           displeased
           at
           my
           Saying
           ,
           
             I
             could
             not
             recount
             without
             horror
             your
             affirming
             ,
             That
             whoever
             medled
             with
             the
             Kings
             Forts
             ,
             Revenue
             ,
          
           &c.
           
             were
             guilty
             of
             Damnation
          
           ,
           And
           yet
           with
           the
           same
           breath
           you
           say
           it
           over
           again
           ,
           in
           expressing
           your self
           in
           your
           Letter
           thus
           :
           [
           
             If
             it
             be
             a
             Sin
             for
             Subjects
             to
             seize
             the
             Kings
             Revenues
             ,
          
           &c.
           (
           
             as
             I
             shall
             presume
             it
             to
             be
             ,
             till
             the
             contrary
             be
             prov'd
             )
             it
             will
             no
             doubt
             without
             Repentance
             ,
             expose
             the
             Sinner
             to
             Damnation
             .
          
           ]
           In
           truth
           ,
           I
           must
           acknowledge
           my
           Judgment
           fails
           me
           in
           making
           any
           material
           Difference
           betwixt
           what
           
             I
             said
          
           ,
           was
           exprest
           in
           your
           Sermon
           ,
           and
           what
           you
           say
           your self
           in
           your
           Letter
           ,
           for
           still
           in
           both
           ,
           medling
           with
           the
           Kings
           Forts
           ,
           &c.
           is
           a
           sin
           exposes
           to
           Damnation
           .
           Then
           you
           tell
           me
           ,
           
             You
             had
             no
             design
             against
             the
             Prince
             of
          
           Orange
           
             in
             your
             Discourse
             ;
             and
             in
             my
             taxing
             you
             with
             a
          
           Scandalum
           Magnatum
           ,
           
             you
             accuse
             me
             of
             a
          
           Scandalum
           Ecclesiae
           .
           To
           this
           I
           answer
           ,
           First
           ,
           What
           can
           reflect
           more
           upon
           the
           Illustrious
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           ,
           than
           that
           the
           meddling
           with
           the
           Kings
           Forts
           ,
           &c.
           exposes
           to
           Damnation
           .
           Since
           albeit
           his
           Highness
           be
           a
           Sovereign
           Prince
           ,
           and
           no
           Subject
           of
           England
           ;
           yet
           in
           heading
           and
           assisting
           these
           Subjects
           that
           seizes
           the
           Kings
           Forts
           ,
           &c.
           he
           must
           necessarily
           incur
           the
           Guilt
           of
           a
           mighty
           Sin
           in
           your
           sense
           :
           For
           he
           that
           so
           far
           assists
           another
           in
           a
           sinful
           Act
           as
           without
           his
           assistance
           ,
           it
           could
           not
           have
           been
           acted
           ,
           is
           certainly
           guilty
           before
           God
           of
           the
           sinful
           Act
           it self
           .
           So
           ,
           if
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           of
           England
           seiz'd
           the
           Kings
           Forts
           ,
           &c.
           and
           thereby
           in
           your
           sense
           expos'd
           themselves
           to
           Damnation
           ,
           it
           follows
           necessarily
           ,
           that
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           who
           so
           far
           assisted
           them
           as
           to
           render
           them
           capable
           to
           do
           it
           ,
           must
           in
           the
           same
           sense
           of
           yours
           share
           in
           the
           Guilt
           of
           so
           doing
           .
           And
           that
           this
           Darling
           Prince
           of
           all
           the
           Protestants
           of
           Europe
           ,
           is
           none
           of
           yours
           ,
           appears
           too
           clearly
           ,
           by
           your
           refusing
           either
           to
           preach
           your self
           or
           allowing
           others
           to
           do
           it
           ,
           and
           by
           your
           Curats
           leaving
           out
           the
           Prayer
           for
           him
           on
           this
           happy
           day
           of
           Commemoration
           of
           that
           mighty
           Deliverance
           ,
           whereof
           God
           has
           made
           him
           the
           glorious
           Instrument
           .
           Secondly
           ,
           It
           
             Scandalum
             Magnatum
          
           be
           not
           properly
           in
           its
           self
           
             a
             Reflection
             upon
             the
             Honour
             of
             a
             Peer
             of
          
           England
           ,
           I
           am
           mistaken
           ,
           and
           am
           willing
           to
           be
           corrected
           by
           those
           who
           have
           had
           more
           occasion
           to
           know
           the
           Laws
           of
           England
           than
           I
           have
           had
           ;
           And
           if
           it
           be
           so
           ,
           What
           greater
           blemish
           to
           their
           Honour
           and
           blot
           upon
           their
           Scutcheon
           can
           there
           be
           ,
           than
           to
           be
           accus'd
           of
           Rebellion
           ,
           which
           you
           say
           is
           the
           same
           with
           Resistance
           ,
           and
           of
           Actions
           that
           necessarily
           without
           Repentance
           ,
           expose
           them
           to
           Damnation
           .
           Thirdly
           ,
           I
           knew
           not
           before
           that
           the
           giving
           a
           Check
           to
           a
           private
           Minister
           of
           England
           enveighing
           against
           the
           Nobility
           of
           England
           ,
           was
           a
           
             Scandalum
             Ecclesiae
          
           ;
           neither
           did
           I
           dream
           that
           your
           single
           Opinion
           was
           to
           be
           estimate
           ,
           that
           of
           a
           whole
           Church
           .
           The
           Roman
           Catholicks
           on
           this
           side
           the
           Alpes
           ,
           scorn
           to
           lodge
           the
           Infallibility
           in
           one
           single
           Person
           ;
           and
           that
           a
           private
           Protestant
           Minister
           here
           ,
           should
           
           so
           far
           fix
           it
           upon
           himself
           ,
           as
           the
           least
           Reflection
           upon
           him
           ,
           must
           be
           estimate
           a
           Scandal
           done
           to
           the
           whole
           Church
           ,
           is
           a
           thing
           very
           new
           to
           me
           .
           In
           the
           end
           of
           this
           Paragraph
           ,
           you
           would
           fain
           fix
           upon
           me
           the
           putting
           a
           blot
           upon
           the
           Predecessors
           of
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           :
           A
           strange
           Inference
           indeed
           from
           any
           thing
           in
           my
           Letter
           .
           The
           Revolt
           of
           the
           States
           of
           Holland
           under
           the
           blest
           Conduct
           of
           that
           Illustrious
           Heroe
           William
           of
           Nassaw
           ,
           was
           in
           my
           sense
           no
           Rebellion
           ,
           but
           a
           just
           Vindication
           of
           Religion
           and
           Civil
           Liberties
           ,
           while
           in
           your
           sense
           it
           must
           merit
           no
           better
           Name
           than
           Rebellion
           ,
           since
           
             Rebellion
             and
             Resistance
             in
             your
             Opinion
             are
             convertible
             Terms
             .
          
           And
           if
           you
           will
           turn
           over
           the
           Authors
           that
           have
           written
           in
           favor
           of
           that
           Revolt
           ,
           and
           the
           most
           exact
           model
           of
           the
           present
           Government
           of
           the
           States
           ,
           I
           know
           ,
           called
           
             Commentariolus
             de
             Statu
          
           Belgii
           ,
           thought
           to
           be
           
           Grotius's
           ,
           you
           will
           find
           a
           very
           neer
           Parallel
           betwixt
           the
           Coronation
           Oath
           of
           England
           and
           that
           of
           the
           House
           of
           Burgundy
           ,
           and
           their
           Priviledges
           to
           have
           been
           little
           or
           nothing
           above
           ours
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           last
           Paragraph
           ,
           
             You
             are
             angry
             at
             my
             blaming
             you
             for
             wrong
             timing
             your
             Sermon
             ,
          
           and
           tell
           me
           ,
           
             You
             use
             always
             to
             preach
             such
             Doctrin
             upon
             the
          
           30
           
             th
             .
             of
          
           January
           ,
           
             and
             if
             Times
             be
             changed
             ,
             Truth
             is
             not
             .
          
           In
           answer
           to
           this
           ,
           I
           refer
           you
           to
           what
           I
           wrote
           in
           my
           Letter
           upon
           this
           Head
           :
           Only
           this
           I
           must
           say
           ;
           I
           find
           it
           's
           hard
           to
           eradicate
           a
           bad
           Custom
           .
           You
           mind
           me
           of
           the
           Fate
           of
           those
           that
           have
           been
           Sea-sick
           ,
           even
           when
           the
           Storm
           is
           past
           ,
           and
           themselves
           on
           firm
           ground
           ,
           their
           Giddiness
           continues
           .
           You
           have
           been
           so
           us'd
           to
           thunder
           out
           your
           little
           Bolts
           against
           the
           poor
           Dissenters
           ,
           and
           to
           cry
           up
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           in
           order
           to
           their
           Ruine
           ,
           when
           the
           edge
           of
           the
           Laws
           were
           pointed
           against
           them
           ;
           That
           now
           when
           the
           Horizon
           begins
           to
           clear
           up
           ,
           and
           
             the
             Cheat
             of
             setting
             Protestants
             by
             the
             Ears
          
           discovered
           ,
           you
           cannot
           wean
           your self
           from
           the
           old
           beloved
           way
           of
           railing
           .
           About
           the
           middle
           of
           this
           Paragraph
           ,
           
             You
             seem
             to
             scorn
             me
             for
             an
             Antagonist
             ,
             because
             of
             my
             being
             of
             another
             Profession
             ,
             and
             my
             small
             skill
             in
             Divinity
             :
             And
             are
             pleased
             to
             promise
             Dr.
          
           Burnet
           
             a
             Copy
             of
             your
             Sermon
             ;
             if
             so
             be
             ,
             I
             can
             prevail
             with
             him
             to
             vindicate
             these
             Positions
             contain'd
             in
             the
             Inquiry
             you
             would
             refute
             .
          
           ▪
           To
           this
           I
           answer
           ,
           First
           ,
           I
           cannot
           but
           commend
           you
           in
           desiring
           such
           an
           Antagonist
           as
           Dr.
           Burnet
           ;
           it
           were
           honour
           enough
           for
           you
           to
           be
           overcome
           by
           so
           great
           a
           hand
           :
           But
           forgive
           me
           to
           tell
           you
           ,
           I
           am
           not
           so
           far
           as
           yet
           berest
           of
           Common
           Sense
           ,
           (
           although
           I
           had
           the
           honour
           to
           have
           such
           Power
           with
           him
           )
           as
           to
           desire
           him
           to
           stoop
           to
           so
           unequal
           a
           Combat
           .
           Secondly
           ,
           As
           to
           my
           want
           of
           Skill
           in
           Divinity
           ,
           I
           am
           not
           so
           impudent
           as
           to
           deny
           it
           :
           But
           I
           hope
           no
           body
           will
           blame
           me
           to
           love
           the
           light
           of
           the
           Sun
           ,
           tho
           I
           cannot
           attain
           the
           Eagles
           Fortune
           to
           look
           that
           bright
           Planet
           in
           the
           Face
           .
           I
           am
           heartily
           sorry
           ,
           That
           that
           Noble
           Study
           should
           be
           monopolized
           to
           the
           Clergy
           ;
           for
           I
           was
           still
           in
           the
           mistake
           ,
           That
           our
           Religion
           allowed
           us
           a
           share
           in
           it
           ,
           
             pro
             nostro
             modulo
          
           ,
           and
           was
           so
           foolish
           as
           to
           think
           ,
           That
           a
           Physician
           whose
           proper
           Study
           is
           the
           search
           of
           Nature
           ,
           might
           very
           lawfully
           imploy
           some
           part
           of
           his
           Hours
           in
           that
           sacred
           Science
           whose
           immediate
           Subject
           is
           the
           God
           of
           Nature
           .
           I
           am
           happy
           in
           this
           ,
           That
           neither
           in
           my
           other
           Letter
           nor
           in
           this
           ,
           I
           have
           had
           any
           occasion
           of
           demonstrating
           my
           Skill
           in
           Divinity
           ,
           
           or
           the
           want
           of
           it
           :
           And
           if
           you
           will
           not
           be
           angry
           ,
           I
           'll
           tell
           you
           ,
           You
           seem
           to
           me
           to
           do
           with
           your
           vast
           Treasure
           of
           Divinity
           ,
           as
           some
           sordid
           Misers
           with
           their
           Money
           ;
           they
           hoard
           it
           up
           so
           close
           in
           their
           Cabinets
           ,
           as
           it
           's
           impossible
           for
           others
           to
           say
           certainly
           they
           have
           any
           .
           Thirdly
           ,
           As
           to
           my
           want
           of
           Judgment
           ,
           Memory
           ,
           Skill
           in
           Divinity
           ,
           and
           a
           great
           many
           other
           such
           Expressions
           all
           along
           your
           Letter
           ,
           which
           I
           here
           take
           notice
           of
           once
           for
           all
           ;
           I
           would
           have
           thought
           that
           a
           Man
           of
           your
           great
           Parts
           and
           Character
           ,
           would
           have
           rather
           in
           your
           Christian
           Charity
           have
           pitied
           me
           ,
           than
           upbraid
           me
           with
           a
           defect
           of
           Nature
           ;
           For
           those
           who
           know
           us
           both
           ,
           may
           tell
           you
           ,
           That
           if
           my
           Spirit
           had
           not
           been
           so
           utterly
           incapable
           of
           Letters
           ,
           I
           might
           have
           attain'd
           to
           some
           small
           Scantlings
           of
           Knowledge
           :
           My
           Education
           both
           at
           home
           and
           abroad
           ,
           and
           the
           Charges
           of
           it
           being
           at
           least
           nothing
           inferiour
           to
           yours
           .
           I
           am
           glad
           to
           find
           your
           Paroxism
           over
           in
           the
           end
           of
           your
           Letter
           ,
           and
           you
           inclinable
           to
           a
           little
           Sport
           in
           proposing
           to
           me
           Two
           Questions
           in
           Physick
           ;
           I
           might
           laugh
           them
           over
           if
           your
           Skill
           in
           Physick
           were
           not
           greater
           than
           mine
           in
           Divinity
           :
           And
           to
           shew
           my self
           all
           Obedience
           ,
           I
           answer
           to
           the
           first
           ,
           That
           under
           your
           Correction
           a
           redundancy
           in
           Choler
           ,
           with
           a
           little
           mixture
           of
           adust
           Melancholy
           ,
           has
           produced
           more
           Tragedies
           in
           the
           Body
           of
           Man
           ,
           than
           the
           Juice
           of
           the
           Pancreas
           is
           capable
           to
           do
           ;
           and
           these
           Affections
           seldom
           hit
           the
           Body
           without
           allowing
           a
           large
           share
           to
           the
           Mind
           .
           As
           to
           the
           second
           Question
           ,
           I
           was
           almost
           going
           to
           complement
           you
           ,
           by
           giving
           the
           credit
           of
           the
           Discovery
           of
           the
           Circulation
           of
           the
           Blood
           to
           a
           Clergy-man
           ,
           the
           great
           
             Padro
             Paulo
          
           as
           Bishop
           Bedel
           insinuates
           ;
           but
           I
           am
           as
           loath
           to
           part
           with
           the
           Honour
           of
           that
           Discovery
           from
           my
           own
           Profession
           ,
           as
           you
           are
           to
           allow
           mine
           that
           of
           knowing
           Divinity
           .
           And
           if
           I
           should
           affirm
           ,
           That
           the
           12
           th
           .
           Chapter
           of
           Ecclesiastes
           contains
           a
           true
           Systeme
           of
           the
           Circulation
           of
           the
           Blood
           ,
           you
           might
           have
           a
           large
           Field
           to
           shew
           your
           Skill
           of
           Physick
           and
           Divinity
           at
           once
           ,
           by
           demonstrating
           the
           contrary
           .
        
         
           Now
           I
           hope
           my
           Obedience
           to
           you
           will
           oblige
           you
           to
           a
           
             jus
             talionis
          
           ,
           and
           instead
           of
           two
           Questions
           ,
           I
           'le
           presume
           but
           to
           propose
           one
           ,
           Viz.
           Whether
           or
           not
           he
           that
           pays
           the
           stipend
           should
           
             jure
             Divino
          
           ,
           present
           to
           the
           Church
           ?
           This
           is
           a
           Question
           may
           concern
           you
           ,
           and
           I
           am
           positively
           for
           the
           affirmative
           ,
           till
           you
           convince
           me
           of
           the
           contrary
           .
        
         
           
             SIR
             ,
          
           
             Your
             humble
             Servant
             ,
             
               JAMES
               WELWOOD
            
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               P.
               S.
            
             I
             must
             add
             one
             thing
             more
             :
             How
             kindly
             would
             your
             Principle
             of
             
               Passive
               Obedience
            
             and
             Non-Resistance
             relish
             with
             the
             poor
             Protestants
             of
             Ireland
             at
             this
             day
             ?
             And
             indeed
             if
             they
             be
             all
             of
             your
             Opinion
             ,
             we
             are
             like
             to
             have
             many
             thousands
             of
             Martyrs
             ,
             if
             the
             goodness
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             the
             Princes
             Conduct
             prevent
             it
             not
             .
          
           
             Thus
             Sir
             ,
             I
             have
             answered
             your
             Letter
             in
             a
             Strain
             somewhat
             different
             from
             yours
             ;
             for
             your
             Heat
             and
             Bitterness
             shall
             not
             Authorize
             mine
             .
             If
             you
             have
             any
             further
             Commands
             for
             me
             ,
             you
             shall
             find
             me
             ready
             to
             serve
             you
             ,
             being
             that
             I
             am
          
        
      
       
         
         
           To
           Doctor
           WELWOOD
           .
           Newcastle
           ,
           Feb.
           19.
           1688
           
           /
           9.
           
        
         
           
             Good
             Doctor
             ,
          
        
         
           YOU
           were
           it
           seems
           in
           some
           danger
           of
           losing
           the
           honour
           of
           being
           an
           Apathist
           ,
           because
           you
           found
           not
           in
           the
           Superscription
           of
           my
           Letter
           ,
           the
           glorious
           Title
           of
           Dr.
           Medicinae
           ;
           but
           if
           you
           will
           be
           at
           the
           charge
           of
           consulting
           the
           
             Heralds
             Office
          
           ,
           you
           may
           soon
           satisfie
           your self
           ,
           That
           tho
           perhaps
           you
           may
           have
           commenc'd
           Doctor
           in
           some
           Foreign
           Academy
           ,
           yet
           you
           have
           no
           claim
           to
           the
           Priviledges
           of
           the
           same
           degree
           in
           England
           ,
           till
           you
           are
           admitted
           
             ad
             cundem
          
           in
           one
           of
           our
           Famous
           Universities
           ;
           if
           this
           Apology
           will
           not
           allay
           the
           effervence
           of
           your
           Choler
           ,
           I
           have
           nothing
           to
           plead
           besides
           the
           Ignorance
           of
           your
           Quality
           .
           You
           are
           in
           a
           much
           greater
           ferment
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           that
           rude
           Answer
           you
           say
           I
           sent
           you
           ;
           but
           others
           that
           saw
           it
           ,
           thought
           it
           more
           modest
           than
           you
           deserved
           ,
           considering
           these
           Provocations
           you
           had
           given
           me
           ,
           a
           Person
           that
           never
           injur'd
           you
           in
           my
           life
           .
           But
           I
           fancy
           you
           expected
           from
           me
           some
           such
           mighty
           Complements
           as
           Dr.
           Burnet
           met
           with
           in
           his
           Travels
           ,
           for
           charging
           me
           with
           false
           Doctrin
           ,
           waspish
           Expressions
           ,
           want
           of
           Breeding
           ,
           scurrilous
           and
           indecent
           Epithets
           ,
           black
           Aspersions
           ,
           bad
           Genius
           ,
           horrible
           Positions
           ,
           
             Scandalum
             Magnatum
          
           ,
           want
           of
           Prudence
           ,
           Choller
           ,
           narrow
           Theatre
           ,
           having
           Books
           and
           not
           reading
           them
           :
           For
           these
           and
           many
           more
           are
           the
           Flowers
           and
           Embellishments
           of
           your
           Stile
           ;
           and
           yet
           good
           Man
           ,
           you
           are
           not
           capable
           of
           any
           Impressions
           of
           Heat
           and
           Bitterness
           ,
           but
           more
           cool
           than
           the
           Alpes
           ,
           and
           a
           greater
           Adeptus
           in
           Stoicism
           ,
           than
           Old
           Zeno
           was
           ,
           who
           yet
           ,
           say
           some
           ,
           did
           at
           last
           swing
           himself
           out
           of
           the
           World
           in
           a
           pleasant
           Paroxism
           of
           Apathy
           .
           But
           in
           lieu
           of
           your
           charging
           me
           with
           Cholerick
           Strains
           ,
           I
           shall
           return
           you
           two
           known
           Sayings
           ,
           
             Turpe
             est
             Doctori
             cum
             culpa
             redarguit
             ipsum
             ,
             Et
             ,
             Medice
             cura
             teipsum
             .
          
           Before
           I
           come
           to
           examine
           what
           you
           may
           think
           material
           in
           your
           second
           Letter
           ,
           I
           shall
           premise
           something
           concerning
           the
           Doctrin
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           which
           I
           think
           may
           be
           better
           gathered
           out
           of
           her
           own
           Authentick
           Monuments
           ,
           than
           out
           of
           your
           Country-men
           barely
           ;
           and
           this
           will
           bring
           us
           to
           the
           truest
           State
           of
           the
           Controversie
           .
           In
           order
           thereunto
           I
           shall
           begin
           with
           
             the
             necessary
             Doctrin
             and
             Erudition
             of
             a
             Christian
             Man
             ,
          
           set
           forth
           by
           the
           Authority
           of
           Henry
           the
           Eighth
           ,
           and
           compos'd
           by
           
             Cranmer
             ,
             Ridley
             ,
             Redman
          
           ,
           and
           other
           glorious
           Martyrs
           .
           On
           the
           fifth
           Commandment
           they
           deliver
           themselves
           thus
           ,
           Subjects
           be
           bound
           not
           to
           withdraw
           their
           Fealty
           ,
           Truth
           ,
           Love
           and
           Obedience
           towards
           
           their
           Prince
           ,
           for
           any
           Cause
           ,
           whatsoever
           it
           be
           ,
           neither
           for
           any
           Cause
           they
           may
           conspire
           against
           his
           Person
           ,
           nor
           do
           any
           thing
           towards
           the
           hindrance
           nor
           hurt
           thereof
           ,
           nor
           of
           his
           Estate
           ;
           and
           they
           prove
           this
           from
           Rom.
           13.
           
           
             Whosoever
             resisteth
             the
             Powers
             ,
             resisteth
             the
             Ordinance
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             they
             that
             resist
             them
             get
             to
             themselves
             Damnation
             .
          
           And
           upon
           the
           sixth
           Commandment
           ,
           No
           Subjects
           may
           draw
           their
           Swords
           against
           their
           Prince
           for
           whatsoever
           Cause
           it
           be
           ;
           and
           tho
           Princes
           which
           be
           the
           Supreme
           Heads
           of
           their
           Realms
           ,
           do
           otherwise
           than
           they
           ought
           to
           do
           ,
           yet
           God
           hath
           assign'd
           no
           Judges
           over
           them
           in
           this
           World
           ,
           but
           will
           have
           the
           Judgment
           of
           them
           reserv'd
           to
           himself
           ,
           and
           will
           punish
           them
           when
           he
           seeth
           it
           time
           .
           In
           the
           Second
           Part
           of
           the
           
             Sermon
             of
             Obedience
          
           in
           the
           Book
           of
           Homilies
           ,
           our
           Church
           declareth
           ,
           That
           it
           is
           not
           lawful
           for
           Inferiours
           and
           Subjects
           in
           any
           case
           to
           resist
           and
           stand
           against
           the
           higher
           Powers
           :
           For
           St.
           Pauls
           Words
           are
           plain
           ,
           
             Whosoever
             withstandeth
             shall
             get
             to
             themselves
             Damnation
             .
          
           In
           the
           Second
           Part
           of
           the
           Homily
           against
           Rebellion
           ,
           we
           have
           these
           Words
           ,
           
             David
             was
             fain
             to
             save
             his
             Life
             not
             by
             Rebellion
             or
             any
             Resistance
             ,
             but
             by
             flight
             and
             hiding
             himself
             from
             the
             Kings
             sight
             ;
             Shall
             we
             not
             rise
             and
             rebel
             against
             our
             known
             mortal
             and
             deadly
             Enemy
             that
             seeks
             our
             Lives
             ?
          
           No
           ,
           saith
           godly
           
             David
             ,
             What
             shall
             we
             do
             then
             to
             a
          
           Saul
           
             an
             evil
             ,
             unkind
             Prince
             ,
             an
             Enemy
             to
             us
             ,
             hated
             of
             God
             ,
             hurtful
             and
             pernicious
             to
             the
             Common-Wealth
             ?
             Lay
             no
             violent
             hand
             upon
             him
          
           (
           saith
           good
           
             David
             ,
             )
             but
             let
             him
             live
             until
             God
             appoint
             or
             work
             his
             end
             .
          
           It
           is
           most
           plain
           from
           these
           Passages
           ,
           That
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           forbids
           all
           Resistance
           of
           the
           Higher
           Powers
           in
           all
           Causes
           whatsoever
           .
           And
           tho
           you
           and
           your
           Country-man
           Barclay
           ,
           were
           pleased
           to
           trouble
           the
           World
           with
           nice
           Distinctions
           ,
           our
           Church
           thinks
           it
           more
           advisable
           to
           follow
           St.
           
           Paul's
           Example
           ,
           and
           use
           none
           at
           all
           .
        
         
           Having
           premis'd
           thus
           much
           to
           state
           the
           Controversie
           aright
           ,
           I
           shall
           now
           examine
           your
           Letter
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           You
           will
           have
           Dr.
           Burnet
           the
           Author
           of
           that
           Pamphlet
           whether
           I
           will
           or
           no
           ,
           and
           bring
           such
           silly
           Arguments
           to
           prove
           it
           ,
           as
           are
           not
           worth
           the
           mentioning
           :
           But
           since
           you
           will
           have
           it
           so
           ,
           I
           wish
           you
           had
           taken
           more
           pains
           to
           vindicate
           his
           Reputation
           ,
           seeing
           he
           has
           subscribed
           the
           Homilies
           and
           asserted
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           to
           the
           heighth
           ;
           but
           this
           was
           too
           hot
           for
           your
           Fingers
           ,
           and
           therefore
           you
           thought
           fit
           to
           drop
           it
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           In
           your
           Second
           Paragraph
           I
           find
           nothing
           material
           ,
           for
           having
           referr'd
           you
           to
           the
           Homilies
           of
           our
           Church
           for
           Scripture
           Proofs
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ;
           you
           are
           it
           seems
           afraid
           to
           look
           into
           that
           excellent
           Book
           ,
           lest
           you
           should
           be
           found
           guilty
           of
           a
           
             Scandalum
             Ecclesiae
          
           ;
           and
           in
           truth
           ,
           I
           must
           commend
           your
           Wisdom
           ,
           for
           its
           much
           safer
           writing
           against
           a
           private
           Minister
           ,
           than
           against
           so
           glorious
           a
           Church
           ;
           but
           believe
           it
           ,
           you
           must
           not
           expect
           to
           go
           Scot-free
           ,
           since
           I
           have
           now
           prov'd
           the
           Doctrin
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           in
           my
           narrow
           sense
           ,
           (
           as
           you
           call
           it
           very
           improperly
           ,
           seeing
           it
           is
           the
           largest
           sense
           any
           takes
           it
           in
           ,
           )
           to
           be
           the
           Doctrin
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           You
           say
           that
           I
           am
           unwilling
           the
           Protestants
           abroad
           should
           share
           with
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           in
           her
           darling
           Doctrin
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ,
           which
           
           is
           a
           Story
           as
           true
           as
           many
           you
           use
           to
           tell
           in
           the
           Coffee-house
           ;
           for
           if
           you
           look
           into
           the
           third
           Paragraph
           of
           my
           former
           Letter
           ,
           you
           'll
           find
           me
           reproving
           your
           Learned
           Ignorance
           for
           abusing
           several
           of
           those
           great
           Names
           you
           mention
           ,
           such
           as
           
             Luther
             ,
             Melancthon
             ,
             Calvin
             ,
             Grotius
             ,
          
           and
           others
           ,
           whom
           you
           represent
           as
           Patrons
           of
           Resistance
           ,
           which
           is
           but
           another
           name
           for
           Rebellion
           .
           You
           are
           now
           forc'd
           to
           own
           ,
           That
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           Empire
           differs
           so
           far
           from
           ours
           in
           England
           ,
           that
           what
           would
           be
           unlawful
           Resistance
           here
           ,
           would
           be
           but
           a
           legal
           Defence
           there
           ;
           and
           this
           alone
           is
           sufficient
           to
           vindicate
           most
           of
           those
           Foreign
           Divines
           you
           mention
           .
           But
           because
           you
           are
           very
           hard
           to
           please
           ,
           I
           shall
           add
           further
           out
           of
           
             Sleidans
             Comment
             .
             Lib.
          
           XVII
           .
           where
           he
           tells
           us
           ,
           
             That
             the
             Elector
             of
             Saxony
             who
             was
             the
             chief
             Person
             engaged
             in
             the
             German
             Wars
             against
             Charles
             the
             Fifth
             ,
             did
             openly
             declare
             ,
             That
             if
             the
             said
             Charles
             was
             own'd
             to
             be
             a
             proper
             Sovereign
             with
             respect
             to
             the
             Princes
             of
             the
             Empire
             ,
             it
             must
             then
             be
             granted
             ,
             That
             it
             was
             not
             lawful
             to
             wage
             War
             with
             him
             .
          
           I
           hope
           you
           will
           not
           be
           so
           injurious
           to
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           as
           to
           affirm
           ,
           That
           he
           is
           no
           Sovereign
           Prince
           ,
           because
           he
           is
           proclaimed
           King
           of
           
             England
             .
             Luther
          
           indeed
           at
           first
           was
           ignorant
           (
           as
           you
           were
           )
           of
           the
           Constitution
           of
           the
           Empire
           ,
           and
           therefore
           was
           altogether
           for
           resisting
           Charles
           the
           Fifth
           ,
           but
           afterwards
           he
           was
           better
           inform'd
           by
           Learned
           Lawyers
           ,
           as
           Sleidan
           and
           
             Melchar
             Adam
          
           Report
           .
           Melancthon
           ,
           you
           'll
           find
           Orthodox
           in
           this
           matter
           ,
           if
           you
           consult
           his
           
             Loc.
             Com.
             de
             Vindicat.
             Magistrat
          
           .
           Indeed
           some
           have
           thought
           Calvin
           (
           as
           you
           do
           )
           a
           favourer
           of
           resisting
           Sovereign
           Princes
           ,
           because
           Lib.
           4.
           
           Institut
           .
           he
           has
           this
           Passage
           ,
           
             Si
             qui
             nunc
             sint
             populares
             Magistratus
             ,
             ad
             moderandum
             Regum
             libidinem
             constituti
             ,
             quales
             olim
             erant
             qui
          
           Lacaedemoniis
           
             Regibus
             oppositi
             erant
          
           Ephori
           .
           If
           (
           saith
           he
           ,
           )
           
             there
             be
             any
             such
             Magistrates
             as
             the
          
           Ephori
           
             were
             among
             the
          
           Lacaedemonians
           ,
           
             they
             may
             oppose
             and
             resist
             Kings
             ,
             but
             in
             other
             cases
             he
             denies
             it
             .
          
           Now
           because
           you
           are
           ignorant
           of
           the
           Power
           of
           the
           Ephori
           among
           the
           Spartans
           ,
           and
           that
           their
           two
           Kings
           were
           not
           proper
           Sovereigns
           ;
           but
           the
           one
           Admiral
           by
           Sea
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           Generalissimo
           of
           Land
           Forces
           :
           I
           shall
           for
           your
           better
           instruction
           remit
           you
           to
           
             Arist.
             Polit.
             Lib.
          
           2.
           
           Plutarch
           in
           Pausan
           ,
           or
           
             Keckerman
             de
             Repub.
             Spart
          
           .
           a
           Book
           perhaps
           more
           easie
           to
           be
           got
           in
           Scotland
           .
           You
           are
           pleas'd
           to
           triumph
           ,
           because
           Grotius
           ,
           as
           you
           say
           ,
           is
           of
           your
           Opinion
           ,
           and
           tell
           me
           ,
           He
           is
           not
           inferiour
           to
           me
           either
           for
           Learning
           or
           Judgment
           ;
           It
           's
           well
           that
           you
           can
           speak
           a
           little
           truth
           at
           any
           time
           ,
           but
           whether
           it
           be
           your
           gross
           Ignorance
           or
           the
           liberty
           Travellers
           use
           to
           take
           ,
           it
           s
           very
           seldom
           that
           you
           speak
           all
           the
           Truth
           ;
           for
           the
           Learned
           Grotius
           ,
           though
           in
           his
           Book
           
             de
             Iure
             Belli
             &
             pacis
          
           ,
           and
           in
           another
           written
           in
           his
           Younger
           Time
           ,
           he
           did
           drop
           some
           unmeet
           Expressions
           and
           unfound
           Arguments
           ;
           yet
           when
           he
           had
           weighed
           Matters
           better
           ,
           he
           retracted
           his
           former
           Opinions
           ,
           and
           in
           his
           last
           Works
           is
           as
           much
           for
           Non-Resistance
           ,
           as
           I
           was
           in
           my
           Sermon
           .
           For
           proof
           of
           this
           
             Vid.
             Anot.
          
           on
           Rom.
           13.
           
           Mat.
           26.52
           .
           
             Vot
             .
             pro
             pace
          
           ;
           where
           he
           approves
           of
           the
           Proceedings
           of
           the
           University
           of
           Oxford
           about
           Paraeus
           on
           the
           Romans
           ,
           and
           allows
           of
           this
           their
           Determination
           ,
           
             viz.
             That
             Subjects
             ought
             by
             no
             means
             to
             resist
             their
             King
             by
             force
             ,
             nor
             
             ought
             they
             to
             take
             either
             offensive
             or
             defensive
             Arms
             against
             the
             King
             ,
             for
             the
             cause
             of
             Religion
             or
             any
             other
             thing
             whatsoever
             .
          
           But
           you
           (
           no
           doubt
           )
           will
           despise
           the
           Determination
           of
           our
           famous
           University
           ,
           though
           applauded
           by
           your
           own
           Grotius
           ,
           and
           imitate
           your
           Country-man
           Gillispie
           ,
           who
           in
           scorn
           called
           Prayers
           and
           Tears
           Oxford
           Divinity
           .
           By
           these
           few
           instances
           ,
           it
           will
           I
           hope
           ,
           be
           evident
           to
           all
           unprejudic'd
           Persons
           ,
           how
           much
           you
           have
           abus'd
           these
           great
           Names
           ,
           
             Luther
             ,
             Melancthon
             ,
             Calvin
          
           and
           Grotius
           .
        
         
           Fourthly
           ,
           In
           the
           next
           place
           ,
           you
           have
           the
           confidence
           to
           tell
           me
           ,
           That
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           is
           for
           the
           Principle
           of
           Resistance
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Homilies
           cannot
           be
           for
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           .
           Now
           this
           is
           not
           only
           to
           contradict
           me
           ,
           but
           also
           to
           contradict
           your self
           ,
           having
           in
           your
           former
           Paragraph
           call'd
           it
           the
           darling
           Doctrin
           of
           our
           Church
           .
           You
           might
           have
           receiv'd
           full
           satisfaction
           in
           this
           matter
           ,
           had
           you
           according
           to
           my
           Advice
           consulted
           the
           Book
           of
           Homilies
           ;
           but
           instead
           of
           doing
           this
           ,
           and
           to
           have
           an
           opportunity
           to
           shew
           your
           great
           Talent
           of
           wrangling
           ,
           you
           labour
           to
           evince
           your
           impudent
           Assertion
           by
           these
           impertinent
           Arguments
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           Because
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           protected
           the
           Hollanders
           in
           the
           Revolt
           from
           Spain
           ;
           but
           this
           I
           have
           answer'd
           in
           my
           former
           Letter
           ,
           and
           obliged
           you
           to
           acknowledge
           ,
           That
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           Netherlands
           was
           vastly
           different
           from
           this
           of
           England
           ;
           so
           that
           theirs
           was
           not
           properly
           Resistance
           ,
           but
           a
           warrantable
           Defence
           :
           This
           I
           say
           ,
           you
           were
           told
           before
           ,
           and
           own'd
           the
           matter
           ,
           and
           yet
           think
           fit
           to
           serve
           up
           your
           twice
           sodden
           Coleworts
           ,
           that
           you
           may
           seem
           to
           say
           something
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           You
           tell
           me
           as
           a
           great
           Secret
           ,
           That
           the
           Convocation
           of
           the
           Clergy
           of
           England
           gave
           vast
           Sums
           towards
           the
           Protection
           of
           the
           Hollanders
           ;
           and
           the
           Preamble
           of
           every
           Act
           insinuates
           the
           lawfulness
           of
           their
           Resisting
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           .
           This
           is
           a
           Secret
           with
           a
           Witness
           ;
           for
           I
           dare
           be
           bold
           to
           say
           ,
           That
           the
           Learnedst
           Lawyer
           in
           England
           never
           heard
           of
           an
           Act
           of
           Parliament
           for
           Mony
           ,
           made
           by
           a
           Convocation
           :
           But
           suppose
           the
           Bishops
           or
           any
           of
           the
           Clergy
           did
           contribute
           such
           vast
           Sums
           ,
           it
           will
           not
           prove
           ,
           That
           our
           Church
           did
           not
           own
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           in
           Queen
           Elizabeths
           time
           ,
           as
           you
           assert
           ;
           But
           pray
           Sir
           ,
           were
           not
           the
           Homilies
           in
           her
           time
           ?
           And
           that
           the
           Fathers
           of
           our
           Church
           did
           then
           take
           them
           in
           the
           same
           sense
           as
           I
           did
           in
           my
           Sermon
           ,
           will
           appear
           beyond
           all
           contradiction
           from
           the
           Testimonies
           of
           Bishop
           Bilson
           and
           Iewell
           .
           I
           begin
           with
           Bishop
           Bilson
           ,
           who
           speaks
           thus
           in
           his
           Book
           of
           
             Christian
             Subjection
          
           :
           
             Deliverance
             ,
             if
             you
             would
             have
             it
             ,
             obtain
             it
             by
             Prayer
             ,
             and
             expect
             it
             in
             Peace
             :
             These
             be
             the
             Weapons
             for
             Christians
             ;
             the
             Subjects
             have
             no
             Refuge
             against
             their
             Sovereign
             ,
             but
             only
             to
             God
             by
             Prayer
             and
             Patience
             .
          
           Bishop
           Iewell
           in
           his
           Defence
           of
           the
           Apology
           ,
           speaks
           thus
           ,
           
             We
             teach
             the
             People
             as
             St.
             Paul
             doth
             ,
             
               to
               be
               subject
               to
               the
               Higher
               Powers
               ,
               not
               only
               for
               fear
               ,
               but
               also
               for
               Conscience
               sake
            
             ;
             We
             teach
             'em
             ,
             That
             whoso
             striketh
             with
             the
             Sword
             by
             private
             Authority
             ,
             shall
             perish
             with
             the
             Sword.
             If
             the
             Prince
             happen
             to
             be
             wicked
             ,
             or
             cruel
             ,
             or
             burdensom
             ,
             we
             teach
             'em
             to
             say
             with
             St.
             
               Ambrose
               ,
               Tears
               and
               Prayers
               be
               our
               Weapons
               .
            
          
        
         
         
           This
           I
           hope
           will
           be
           sufficient
           to
           evince
           ,
           That
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           was
           own'd
           by
           our
           Church
           in
           the
           Days
           of
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           of
           Blessed
           Memory
           ,
           and
           that
           in
           the
           same
           sense
           ,
           I
           did
           assert
           in
           my
           Sermon
           .
        
         
           Fifthly
           ,
           In
           the
           next
           place
           ,
           you
           attempt
           to
           prove
           the
           lawfulness
           of
           Resisting
           the
           Kings
           of
           England
           from
           the
           Coronation
           Oath
           ,
           which
           you
           say
           ,
           is
           of
           the
           same
           import
           with
           the
           
             Bulla
             Aurea
          
           in
           Germany
           ;
           but
           for
           this
           we
           have
           no
           other
           proof
           than
           your
           own
           
             ipse
             dixit
          
           ,
           as
           if
           the
           Soul
           of
           Pythagoras
           by
           a
           Metempsychosis
           ,
           had
           at
           last
           taken
           up
           its
           Lodging
           in
           a
           Scots
           Tenement
           :
           But
           I
           assure
           you
           Sir
           ,
           your
           bare
           word
           is
           of
           no
           such
           Authority
           with
           me
           .
           Besides
           ,
           I
           have
           already
           proved
           ,
           That
           the
           Emperor
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           
             Bulla
             Aurea
          
           ,
           is
           no
           proper
           Sovereign
           .
           And
           if
           you
           should
           say
           ,
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           is
           no
           proper
           Sovereign
           now
           that
           he
           is
           proclaim'd
           King
           of
           England
           ,
           it
           would
           be
           as
           bad
           or
           worse
           than
           to
           drink
           a
           Health
           to
           the
           Success
           of
           King
           
           Iames's
           Forces
           against
           all
           Invaders
           whatsoever
           ,
           at
           that
           very
           time
           when
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           was
           coming
           over
           to
           rescue
           the
           Nation
           from
           Popery
           and
           Slavery
           ;
           and
           yet
           this
           you
           merrily
           did
           in
           a
           certain
           House
           at
           the
           lower
           end
           of
           Westgate
           ;
           so
           that
           for
           all
           your
           pretended
           Zeal
           ,
           you
           are
           a
           sneaking
           Proteus
           ;
           and
           it
           would
           be
           as
           easie
           to
           shape
           a
           Coat
           for
           the
           Moon
           as
           for
           your
           Latitudinarian
           Conscience
           .
           But
           I
           must
           instruct
           you
           ,
           That
           the
           King
           of
           England
           is
           a
           Sovereign
           Prince
           before
           his
           Coronation
           ;
           nor
           is
           his
           Oath
           necessary
           to
           make
           him
           so
           ,
           seeing
           Henry
           the
           Sixth
           Reign'd
           divers
           Years
           in
           England
           before
           he
           was
           Crown'd
           ,
           and
           yet
           was
           own'd
           by
           his
           Parliaments
           for
           their
           dread
           Sovereign
           :
           Nay
           further
           ,
           our
           Chronicles
           inform
           us
           ,
           That
           some
           of
           our
           Kings
           were
           never
           Crown'd
           ;
           and
           besides
           all
           this
           ,
           I
           desire
           you
           and
           those
           of
           your
           Cabal
           ,
           to
           shew
           any
           thing
           in
           the
           Coronation
           Oath
           that
           allows
           Subjects
           to
           take
           up
           Arms
           against
           their
           Prince
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           next
           place
           ,
           you
           pretend
           to
           give
           such
           an
           exact
           State
           of
           the
           Controversie
           ,
           as
           you
           say
           ,
           will
           in
           one
           word
           ,
           refute
           the
           Tenet
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ;
           and
           in
           order
           hereunto
           ,
           you
           offer
           four
           Cases
           out
           of
           Barclay
           and
           others
           ,
           in
           which
           as
           you
           tell
           me
           ,
           They
           all
           agree
           ,
           that
           it
           's
           lawful
           for
           Subjects
           ,
           to
           resist
           and
           wage
           War
           against
           their
           Sovereign
           Princes
           .
           Had
           you
           read
           your
           Country-man
           Barclay
           ,
           as
           you
           pretend
           ,
           you
           would
           have
           found
           that
           he
           allows
           only
           two
           Cases
           in
           which
           a
           Prince
           may
           be
           divested
           of
           his
           Royal
           Dignity
           ;
           and
           when
           you
           come
           to
           propose
           these
           four
           Cases
           ,
           you
           mention
           only
           three
           :
           Such
           is
           the
           great
           Excellence
           of
           your
           Memory
           ,
           notwithstanding
           that
           according
           to
           the
           Proverb
           ,
           
             Some
             stand
             in
             need
             of
             a
             very
             good
             one
             .
          
        
         
           First
           ,
           Your
           first
           Case
           is
           ,
           
             When
             a
             Prince
             does
             voluntarily
             and
             freely
             relinquish
             his
             Crown
             and
             Dignity
             ,
             as
             did
          
           Charles
           
             the
             Fifth
          
           ,
           Christiana
           of
           Sweden
           ,
           and
           to
           name
           no
           more
           ,
           nine
           Saxon
           Kings
           mentioned
           in
           
           Fuller's
           Church
           History
           .
           Now
           in
           this
           Case
           the
           Prince
           who
           voluntarily
           resigns
           the
           Crown
           ,
           becomes
           for
           the
           future
           a
           private
           Person
           ;
           and
           should
           he
           afterwards
           by
           force
           ,
           endeavour
           to
           recover
           his
           Dignity
           ,
           which
           by
           his
           own
           consent
           is
           vested
           in
           the
           next
           Heir
           ,
           he
           may
           no
           doubt
           be
           resisted
           :
           But
           sure
           this
           is
           not
           resisting
           a
           King
           or
           the
           Higher
           Powers
           ,
           but
           a
           private
           Person
           in
           defence
           of
           a
           lawful
           King
           ,
           and
           so
           is
           nothing
           to
           your
           
           purpose
           ;
           and
           pray
           look
           your
           Barclay
           again
           ,
           and
           see
           if
           this
           Case
           (
           as
           you
           say
           )
           is
           there
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           
             If
             a
             Prince
             alienates
             his
             Crown
             and
             Subjects
             to
             another
             ,
          
           you
           say
           ,
           
             he
             may
             be
             resisted
          
           ;
           this
           without
           any
           harm
           may
           be
           granted
           too
           :
           For
           as
           I
           own
           no
           Allegiance
           to
           a
           Foreign
           Prince
           ,
           so
           my
           own
           Prince
           has
           voluntarily
           divested
           himself
           ,
           and
           thrust
           himself
           into
           a
           private
           Capacity
           ;
           and
           in
           this
           case
           we
           do
           not
           resist
           the
           Higher
           Powers
           ,
           but
           a
           private
           Person
           .
           And
           this
           instance
           does
           also
           fall
           short
           of
           the
           mark
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           The
           third
           Case
           is
           more
           pertinent
           ,
           for
           you
           say
           a
           King
           may
           be
           deposed
           or
           resisted
           ,
           
             Si
             hostili
             animo
             in
             populi
             exitium
             feratur
             .
          
           This
           you
           have
           transcribed
           from
           Grotius
           ,
           and
           the
           meaning
           of
           it
           is
           this
           ,
           Whether
           a
           Sovereign
           Prince
           may
           be
           resisted
           in
           case
           he
           undertakes
           to
           destroy
           his
           whole
           Kingdom
           ,
           or
           any
           considerable
           part
           thereof
           .
           If
           we
           may
           take
           your
           honest
           word
           ,
           Grotius
           ,
           and
           all
           that
           you
           have
           read
           ,
           resolve
           this
           Point
           in
           the
           Affirmative
           :
           To
           which
           I
           answer
           ,
           First
           ,
           That
           Grotius
           with
           due
           submission
           to
           your
           vast
           reading
           ,
           did
           as
           I
           shew'd
           above
           ,
           retract
           in
           his
           riper
           Years
           this
           dangerous
           Opinion
           ,
           which
           Erasmus
           in
           Luke
           22.
           stiles
           
             a
             most
             pernicious
             Heresie
          
           .
           Secondly
           ,
           Bishop
           Taylor
           calls
           it
           deservedly
           
             a
             Wild
             Tenet
          
           ;
           and
           Grotius
           as
           well
           as
           he
           ,
           acknowledges
           
             it
             can
             scarce
             seem
             possible
             to
             happen
             .
          
           It
           is
           certain
           ,
           that
           we
           have
           not
           one
           single
           instance
           of
           it
           in
           the
           whole
           Race
           of
           our
           British
           Kings
           .
           Thirdly
           ,
           More
           sober
           Casuists
           condemn
           the
           starting
           such
           speculative
           Cases
           ,
           as
           Princes
           cutting
           the
           Throats
           of
           their
           Subjects
           ,
           because
           they
           have
           been
           found
           the
           Incentives
           of
           Rebellion
           .
           They
           were
           such
           Fears
           and
           Out-crys
           as
           these
           ,
           that
           brought
           King
           Charles
           the
           Martyr
           to
           the
           Block
           ,
           and
           have
           stain'd
           your
           Scotch
           Chronicles
           with
           the
           Murders
           of
           above
           sixty
           Sovereign
           Princes
           ;
           So
           that
           King
           William
           and
           Queen
           Mary
           will
           have
           cause
           to
           thank
           you
           for
           giving
           such
           early
           Demonstrations
           of
           your
           Loyalty
           ;
           in
           the
           very
           beginning
           of
           their
           Reign
           ,
           teaching
           their
           Subjects
           in
           how
           many
           cases
           they
           may
           resist
           ,
           when
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Land
           say
           expresly
           ,
           
             That
             it
             's
             unlawful
             to
             take
             up
             Arms
             against
             the
             King
             upon
             any
             pretence
             whatsoever
             .
          
        
         
           Fourthly
           ,
           Put
           the
           case
           that
           
             Tiberius
             ,
             Caligula
             ,
             Claudius
          
           or
           Nero
           be
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           your
           Countryman
           Barclay
           instances
           such
           Monsters
           as
           these
           ,
           as
           being
           the
           greatest
           he
           could
           find
           in
           all
           History
           ,
           you
           and
           he
           both
           affirm
           they
           may
           be
           lawfully
           resisted
           ;
           it
           is
           not
           for
           me
           to
           oppose
           such
           Learned
           Gentlemen
           ,
           but
           I
           will
           assure
           you
           once
           more
           ,
           Grotius
           is
           against
           you
           ,
           and
           I
           hope
           he
           is
           not
           very
           much
           inferior
           to
           your
           Doctorship
           in
           Learning
           and
           Judgment
           :
           And
           must
           I
           tell
           you
           again
           what
           I
           told
           you
           from
           the
           Pulpit
           ,
           viz.
           That
           those
           Prohibitions
           against
           Resistance
           ,
           which
           are
           given
           in
           the
           
             New
             Testament
          
           by
           our
           Saviour
           ,
           St.
           Paul
           and
           St.
           Peter
           ,
           were
           remarkably
           given
           at
           such
           a
           time
           ,
           when
           these
           greatest
           Monsters
           of
           Cruelty
           sat
           on
           the
           Throne
           ;
           and
           pray
           ask
           my
           Parishioners
           whether
           they
           do
           not
           believe
           our
           Saviour
           ,
           St.
           Paul
           and
           St.
           Peter
           to
           be
           as
           good
           Casuists
           as
           your
           Doctorship
           and
           Countryman
           Barclay
           .
           Having
           thus
           destroyed
           the
           very
           Foundations
           ,
           your
           State
           of
           the
           Controversie
           stood
           on
           ,
           your
           slender
           superstructure
           and
           puerile
           flourishes
           will
           tumble
           with
           them
           .
        
         
         
           In
           the
           next
           place
           ,
           you
           still
           seem
           very
           angry
           because
           
             I
             did
             not
             distinguish
             the
             several
             kinds
             of
             Resistance
             ,
          
           I
           have
           told
           you
           already
           that
           it
           's
           lawful
           to
           resist
           private
           Persons
           that
           offer
           violence
           to
           us
           ,
           as
           your
           Countryman
           Balfour
           ,
           or
           any
           Scotch
           Doctor
           ,
           if
           you
           should
           offer
           to
           pull
           me
           by
           the
           nose
           ,
           but
           it
           's
           not
           lawfull
           to
           resist
           publick
           Authority
           of
           the
           Higher
           Powers
           .
           Now
           since
           the
           Text
           confin'd
           my
           discourse
           to
           the
           resistance
           which
           relates
           to
           the
           Higher
           Powers
           ,
           I
           had
           no
           leisure
           to
           consult
           
             Duns
             Scotus
          
           ,
           or
           your
           Countryman
           Barclay
           ,
           that
           I
           might
           puzzle
           the
           Cause
           ,
           and
           perplex
           the
           Auditory
           with
           impertinent
           distinctions
           .
           But
           how
           comes
           your
           great
           confidence
           did
           not
           quarrel
           with
           St.
           Paul
           ?
           For
           he
           uses
           no
           more
           distinctions
           at
           all
           ,
           than
           I
           did
           .
           If
           they
           had
           been
           needful
           and
           it
           had
           been
           lawful
           to
           resist
           the
           Higher
           Powers
           ,
           upon
           any
           pretence
           whatsoever
           ,
           St.
           Paul
           who
           needed
           not
           your
           directions
           to
           State
           Controversies
           ,
           would
           doubtless
           have
           brought
           his
           distinctions
           along
           with
           him
           ,
           seeing
           therefore
           he
           uses
           none
           ,
           I
           'm
           not
           to
           blame
           for
           following
           his
           Example
           ,
           for
           it
           's
           a
           known
           Maxim
           
             Nefas
             est
             distinguere
             ubi
             Lex
             non
             distinguit
             .
          
           But
           had
           you
           not
           made
           this
           Cavil
           ,
           you
           had
           lost
           an
           opportunity
           of
           telling
           a
           pleasant
           Story
           about
           the
           Euripus
           ,
           which
           you
           say
           ebbs
           and
           flows
           ten
           or
           twelve
           times
           every
           day
           .
           What
           happy
           Men
           are
           you
           Travellers
           ?
           Alas
           I
           could
           never
           have
           discovered
           these
           wonderful
           motions
           in
           my
           narrow
           Theatre
           ,
           as
           you
           call
           it
           ;
           simple
           Man
           as
           I
           was
           ,
           I
           thought
           it
           had
           only
           flow'd
           twice
           in
           a
           day
           as
           our
           River
           Tyne
           does
           ,
           being
           deceiv'd
           by
           the
           Learned
           Gassendus
           and
           
             Petrus
             Gellius
          
           ,
           who
           was
           told
           of
           no
           more
           by
           those
           Millers
           who
           resorted
           dayly
           to
           that
           Sea.
           
        
         
           In
           the
           next
           place
           ,
           I
           expected
           ,
           not
           without
           trembling
           ,
           a
           long
           account
           of
           the
           
             Lex
             Regia
          
           ,
           and
           numerous
           citations
           out
           of
           the
           
             Corpus
             Iuris
          
           ;
           For
           really
           ,
           Learned
           Dr.
           when
           you
           told
           me
           that
           the
           Roman
           Tables
           ,
           the
           Codex
           ,
           and
           Pandects
           ,
           the
           Institutes
           ,
           nay
           even
           no
           fewer
           than
           all
           the
           famous
           Civilians
           were
           for
           resisting
           the
           Higher
           Powers
           ,
           you
           put
           me
           into
           such
           a
           bold
           fright
           ,
           that
           I
           was
           resolv'd
           to
           have
           sworn
           the
           Peace
           against
           you
           ,
           had
           not
           Horace
           reviv'd
           me
           with
           a
           pair
           of
           Verses
           ,
           
             Quid
             tanto
             feret
             his
             promissor
             hiatu
             ?
             parturiunt
             montes
             ,
             nascitur
             ridiculus
             mus
             ,
          
           which
           I
           shall
           crave
           leave
           to
           put
           in
           English
           meeter
           for
           the
           benefit
           of
           those
           you
           exposed
           my
           Letters
           and
           your self
           to
           ,
           
             
               What
               will
               this
               mighty
               boaster
               say
            
             
               That
               can
               be
               worth
               a
               Louse
               ?
            
             
               When
               even
               Mountains
               do
               bring
               forth
            
             
               The
               birth
               's
               some
               silly
               Mouse
               .
            
          
        
         
           For
           I
           do
           not
           find
           in
           your
           second
           Letter
           one
           single
           testimony
           out
           of
           any
           of
           those
           Books
           ,
           but
           notwithstanding
           all
           your
           noise
           before
           ,
           you
           are
           now
           as
           silent
           as
           the
           Moon
           in
           the
           Eclipse
           .
           What
           a
           powerful
           Argument
           for
           resistance
           is
           Trajans
           complement
           to
           the
           People
           ?
           It
           might
           indeed
           do
           well
           enough
           in
           Plinys
           Panegyrick
           ,
           but
           it
           will
           never
           pass
           muster
           in
           Polemicks
           .
        
         
         
           Your
           two
           last
           Paragraphs
           are
           such
           an
           Augean
           stable
           of
           unkind
           falsities
           as
           will
           tire
           even
           Hercules
           himself
           to
           cleanse
           ,
           and
           because
           they
           contain
           no
           matter
           of
           argument
           ,
           but
           are
           only
           a
           bundle
           of
           malicious
           reflections
           ,
           I
           shall
           vouchsafe
           them
           no
           other
           answer
           ,
           than
           ,
           
             Get
             thee
             behind
             me
             Satan
          
           .
        
         
           I
           come
           now
           to
           the
           close
           of
           your
           tedious
           Letter
           ,
           and
           since
           you
           admonish
           me
           ,
           that
           I
           ought
           of
           Christian
           Charity
           to
           pity
           your
           ignorance
           ,
           I
           shall
           be
           more
           favourable
           to
           you
           than
           you
           have
           been
           to
           several
           of
           the
           Clergy
           of
           this
           Town
           .
           However
           you
           must
           allow
           me
           to
           wonder
           a
           while
           ,
           that
           you
           who
           were
           so
           brisk
           in
           citing
           
             Luther
             ,
             Melancthon
             ,
             Calvin
          
           ,
           and
           others
           ,
           that
           you
           are
           unacquainted
           with
           ;
           yea
           were
           also
           so
           couragious
           ,
           as
           to
           appeal
           to
           the
           Roman
           Tables
           ,
           Codex
           ,
           the
           
             Pandects
             ,
             Institutes
          
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           famous
           Civilians
           ,
           notwithstanding
           you
           are
           so
           great
           a
           stranger
           to
           them
           ;
           you
           should
           lose
           all
           your
           confidence
           when
           you
           come
           to
           questions
           relating
           to
           your
           own
           Profession
           :
           I
           shall
           be
           more
           civil
           than
           to
           inquire
           into
           the
           cause
           of
           this
           unusual
           modesty
           .
           But
           had
           the
           old
           Philosopher
           been
           alive
           ,
           he
           would
           have
           certainly
           got
           a
           perfect
           cure
           for
           his
           adust
           Melancholy
           ,
           if
           not
           have
           burst
           his
           spleen
           ,
           to
           see
           a
           Learned
           Animal
           once
           more
           nibling
           at
           the
           Thistles
           ;
           For
           all
           your
           answer
           to
           my
           first
           question
           is
           this
           ,
           viz.
           That
           a
           redundancy
           of
           Choler
           with
           a
           little
           mixture
           of
           adust
           Melancholy
           is
           the
           principal
           cause
           of
           Distempers
           ;
           but
           had
           you
           said
           a
           redundancy
           in
           Choler
           incorporating
           with
           the
           juice
           of
           the
           Pancreas
           ,
           and
           vitiating
           the
           ferment
           of
           the
           Stomach
           ,
           you
           would
           have
           had
           the
           renowned
           Silvius
           ,
           his
           ingenious
           Schollar
           
             Regenerus
             de
             Graaf
          
           ,
           and
           other
           great
           Physitians
           for
           your
           Seconds
           .
           Your
           answer
           to
           the
           other
           Question
           is
           ,
           That
           Harvey
           ,
           and
           not
           Father
           Paul
           was
           the
           discoverer
           of
           the
           Circulation
           of
           the
           blood
           ;
           and
           this
           you
           affirm
           ,
           for
           no
           Authority
           you
           do
           ,
           or
           can
           produce
           ,
           but
           meerly
           out
           of
           spight
           to
           the
           honour
           of
           the
           Clergy
           .
           But
           Sir
           ,
           it
           's
           well
           known
           ,
           that
           Father
           Paul
           was
           a
           student
           at
           Padua
           ,
           at
           the
           same
           time
           that
           Harvey
           was
           there
           ,
           and
           discovered
           to
           Aquapendens
           the
           Valves
           of
           the
           Veins
           ,
           which
           discovery
           that
           great
           Anatomist
           appropriated
           to
           himself
           ,
           and
           so
           Harvey
           is
           thought
           by
           some
           of
           the
           Learned
           Tribe
           to
           have
           also
           abused
           that
           Father
           .
           But
           to
           deal
           more
           generously
           with
           you
           ,
           than
           you
           will
           with
           the
           Clergy
           ,
           this
           Laurel
           I
           will
           stick
           in
           the
           bosom
           of
           Aesculapius
           ,
           But
           then
           you
           must
           allow
           me
           to
           pass
           by
           Harvey
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           
             Padre
             Paulo
          
           ,
           and
           give
           it
           to
           
             Andreas
             Cisalpinus
          
           ;
           and
           if
           ever
           you
           happen
           to
           travel
           as
           far
           as
           Pisa
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           
             Professor
             Medicinae
          
           ,
           or
           go
           to
           Oxford
           ,
           that
           you
           may
           be
           admitted
           
             ad
             eundem
          
           ,
           enquire
           for
           
             Andreae
             Cisalpini
             ,
             Quest.
             Med.
          
           4.
           
             edit
             Ven.
             Anno
          
           1593
           ,
           and
           if
           you
           do
           not
           find
           as
           perfect
           a
           Discovery
           of
           the
           Circulation
           of
           the
           Blood
           ,
           as
           is
           any
           where
           to
           be
           met
           with
           in
           Harvey
           ,
           I
           'll
           be
           bound
           to
           answer
           another
           of
           your
           impertinent
           Letters
           as
           long
           as
           this
           ,
           and
           certainly
           I
           cannot
           do
           greater
           Penance
           for
           my
           Confidence
           .
           As
           to
           your
           Question
           ,
           Whether
           he
           that
           pays
           the
           stipend
           ought
           not
           
             Iure
             Divino
          
           ,
           present
           to
           the
           Church
           :
           I
           'm
           positively
           for
           the
           negative
           ;
           for
           the
           incomparable
           Stillingfleet
           after
           a
           most
           diligent
           search
           ,
           declares
           in
           
             his
             Mischiefs
             of
             Separation
          
           ,
           That
           he
           could
           not
           find
           a
           vola
           or
           vestigium
           of
           a
           
             jus
             divinum
          
           for
           it
           in
           all
           the
           Bible
           ;
           and
           if
           you
           will
           not
           believe
           him
           ,
           try
           what
           you
           can
           
           do
           .
           I
           will
           add
           further
           ,
           That
           there
           is
           a
           Rul'd
           Case
           in
           our
           Law
           Books
           ,
           call'd
           the
           Case
           of
           the
           Vicar
           of
           Hallifax
           ,
           where
           it
           's
           determin'd
           ,
           That
           every
           Vicar
           has
           the
           right
           of
           nominating
           his
           own
           Curate
           ,
           tho
           the
           Inhabitants
           of
           the
           Parish
           pay
           the
           stipend
           ;
           and
           if
           you
           dare
           to
           say
           ,
           The
           Law
           of
           the
           Land
           is
           contrary
           to
           the
           Law
           of
           God
           ,
           I
           shall
           leave
           you
           to
           be
           chastised
           by
           the
           Gentleman
           of
           the
           Long
           Robe
           .
           And
           now
           Sir
           ,
           that
           I
           have
           undergone
           all
           this
           Drudgery
           ,
           if
           for
           the
           future
           you
           trouble
           me
           with
           your
           Cholerick
           Impertinences
           ,
           I
           shall
           commit
           them
           to
           the
           Flames
           ,
           
             &
             sic
             extinguere
             ignibus
             ignes
          
           ;
           but
           if
           you
           are
           willing
           to
           be
           civil
           and
           peaceable
           ,
           I
           shall
           remain
           ,
        
         
           
             SIR
             ,
          
           
             Your
             Humble
             Servant
             ,
             
               JOHN
               MARCH
            
             .
          
           
             
               Feb.
               19.
               1688
               
               /
               9.
               
            
          
        
      
       
         
           For
           the
           Reverend
           Mr.
           
             JOHN
             MARCH
          
           ,
           Vicar
           of
           Newcastle
           .
           Newcastle
           ,
           March
           3.
           1688
           
           /
           9.
           
        
         
           
             SIR
             ,
          
        
         
           AFTER
           your
           so
           unusual
           method
           of
           exposing
           your
           Second
           Letter
           at
           your
           Stationers
           Shop
           ,
           and
           thereby
           to
           most
           of
           the
           Town
           ,
           I
           might
           have
           expected
           it
           my self
           ,
           especially
           considering
           my
           so
           often
           sending
           for
           it
           ;
           but
           your
           delaying
           it
           from
           day
           to
           day
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           absolute
           Refusal
           ,
           put
           me
           upon
           the
           necessity
           of
           getting
           a
           Copy
           of
           it
           another
           way
           .
           I
           cannot
           much
           blame
           you
           for
           this
           Conduct
           ;
           the
           writing
           and
           dispersing
           such
           a
           Letter
           required
           indeed
           the
           Denial
           of
           it
           ,
           to
           the
           Person
           for
           whom
           it
           was
           design'd
           .
           I
           find
           you
           are
           liable
           to
           the
           fate
           of
           him
           ,
           of
           whom
           it
           was
           said
           ,
           
             If
             he
             had
             held
             his
             Peace
             ,
             he
             might
             have
             been
             thought
             a
             Philosopher
          
           ;
           and
           I
           was
           nothing
           unwilling
           you
           should
           continue
           such
           in
           the
           Opinion
           of
           the
           Mobile
           .
           I
           might
           well
           spare
           
           my self
           the
           trouble
           of
           a
           Rejoinder
           ,
           there
           being
           nothing
           in
           your
           Letter
           that
           requires
           one
           ;
           for
           they
           must
           have
           clearer
           Eyes
           than
           mine
           ,
           that
           can
           discover
           any
           thing
           material
           or
           to
           the
           purpose
           in
           it
           ;
           but
           instead
           thereof
           ,
           a
           continued
           shuffling
           and
           waving
           of
           the
           Question
           ,
           mixt
           with
           so
           mean
           Sarcasms
           ,
           that
           for
           your
           own
           Honour
           I
           could
           have
           wish'd
           you
           had
           omitted
           them
           :
           So
           that
           to
           give
           you
           an
           Answer
           I
           am
           at
           a
           great
           loss
           ,
           being
           unacquainted
           with
           Billingsgate
           Oratory
           ,
           and
           oblig'd
           at
           every
           turn
           to
           repeat
           my
           own
           words
           in
           my
           former
           Letters
           ;
           which
           you
           have
           been
           pleas'd
           to
           wrest
           so
           far
           ,
           as
           I
           cannot
           say
           ,
           you
           have
           given
           a
           fair
           repetition
           of
           one
           single
           Sentence
           of
           mine
           all
           along
           yours
           .
           But
           to
           evince
           to
           the
           unbiass'd
           and
           knowing
           Persons
           of
           the
           place
           ,
           That
           you
           are
           not
           infallible
           ,
           as
           your
           admiring
           Mobile
           would
           have
           you
           ;
           I
           have
           put
           my self
           upon
           a
           nauseating
           Task
           of
           writing
           you
           these
           few
           Lines
           ,
           in
           answer
           to
           so
           indigested
           and
           immethodick
           a
           Letter
           .
        
         
           You
           begin
           it
           with
           bantering
           
             my
             taking
             notice
             of
             the
             Direction
             of
             your
             first
             ,
          
           and
           tell
           me
           ,
           
             That
             the
             Heraulds
             Office
             will
             inform
             me
             ,
             that
             a
             Doctor
             of
             a
             Foreign
             University
             has
             no
             Priviledge
             in
          
           England
           .
           I
           pretend
           to
           no
           great
           Priviledges
           any
           where
           ;
           but
           I
           had
           reason
           to
           expect
           a
           designation
           you
           refuse
           not
           to
           some
           who
           scarce
           ever
           saw
           an
           University
           .
           Neither
           have
           I
           liv'd
           so
           obscure
           ,
           or
           been
           so
           little
           imploy'd
           ,
           as
           not
           to
           be
           known
           for
           what
           I
           am
           ,
           by
           most
           of
           the
           Gentry
           and
           People
           of
           Quality
           in
           the
           place
           ;
           and
           you
           notably
           contradict
           your self
           in
           saying
           ,
           
             You
             was
             ignorant
             of
             my
             Quality
             ,
          
           since
           you
           name
           expresly
           my
           Profession
           in
           your
           first
           Letter
           .
           But
           we
           shall
           not
           fall
           out
           upon
           that
           Head
           ,
           since
           the
           Heraulds
           Office
           is
           not
           like
           to
           be
           much
           troubled
           with
           either
           of
           our
           Escutcheons
           .
           Next
           you
           would
           fix
           upon
           me
           a
           great
           ferment
           of
           Choler
           and
           Rudeness
           in
           many
           of
           my
           Expressions
           you
           enumerate
           ,
           and
           tell
           me
           ,
           
             I
             deserved
             not
             so
             modest
             an
             Answer
             as
             you
             vouchsaf'd
             me
             ,
             considering
             the
             Provocations
             I
             gave
             you
             ,
             a
             Person
             that
             never
             disobliged
             me
             .
          
           I
           submit
           both
           my
           first
           and
           second
           to
           any
           neutral
           Person
           ,
           who
           perhaps
           will
           allow
           them
           a
           better
           Construction
           ;
           and
           if
           any
           thing
           of
           Heat
           has
           slipt
           from
           my
           Pen
           ,
           I
           hope
           the
           occasion
           of
           it
           will
           do
           more
           than
           procure
           me
           a
           pardon
           .
           It
           's
           true
           ,
           you
           never
           disoblig'd
           me
           ;
           but
           no
           Personal
           Injury
           could
           have
           affected
           me
           more
           ,
           than
           the
           hearing
           a
           glorious
           and
           unparallel'd
           Deliverance
           branded
           in
           the
           Pulpit
           ,
           with
           the
           infamous
           Names
           of
           
             Rebellion
             ,
             Damnation
          
           ,
           and
           the
           like
           ,
           and
           the
           being
           a
           Witness
           to
           a
           Series
           of
           Actings
           consequential
           to
           such
           Expressions
           .
           You
           seem'd
           to
           me
           in
           inveighing
           against
           a
           Revolution
           wherein
           the
           Finger
           of
           God
           was
           so
           visible
           ,
           to
           act
           much
           in
           parallel
           with
           those
           of
           old
           ,
           who
           dar'd
           to
           attribute
           the
           stupendious
           Effects
           of
           Omnipotence
           to
           a
           baser
           Influence
           :
           And
           for
           me
           to
           have
           been
           an
           Apathist
           on
           such
           an
           occasion
           ,
           would
           have
           been
           but
           another
           name
           for
           Stupidity
           .
           In
           your
           accusing
           me
           of
           Passion
           ,
           you
           must
           needs
           have
           a
           fling
           at
           poor
           Zeno
           ,
           and
           Two
           thousand
           Years
           rest
           in
           his
           Grave
           ,
           must
           not
           shelter
           him
           from
           your
           accusation
           of
           a
           
             felo
             de
             se
          
           ,
           albeit
           ,
           his
           manner
           of
           Death
           is
           not
           agreed
           upon
           by
           Authors
           ,
           whereof
           not
           a
           few
           allow
           him
           a
           natural
           one
           .
        
         
         
           Before
           you
           come
           to
           answer
           my
           Letter
           ,
           
             you
             will
             needs
             premise
             something
             concerning
             the
             Doctrin
             of
             the
             Church
             of
          
           England
           ;
           and
           this
           you
           say
           ,
           
             will
             bring
             us
             to
             the
             true
             State
             of
             the
             Question
          
           :
           Whereupon
           you
           are
           at
           the
           pains
           to
           cite
           several
           Passages
           out
           of
           the
           Book
           of
           Homilies
           against
           Resistance
           and
           for
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ,
           and
           then
           you
           subsume
           ,
           
             Having
             premis'd
             thus
             much
             to
             state
             the
             Question
             ,
             you
             come
             to
             examine
             my
             Letter
             .
          
           Sir
           ,
           I
           thought
           every
           School-Boy
           knew
           better
           what
           it
           was
           to
           state
           a
           Question
           ,
           than
           to
           cite
           Authorities
           to
           prove
           the
           thing
           questioned
           ;
           and
           what
           gentiel
           Name
           to
           give
           your
           thus
           stating
           it
           ,
           I
           am
           at
           a
           loss
           .
           The
           stating
           of
           a
           Question
           is
           properly
           
             the
             removing
             all
             Equivocation
             of
             Terms
             or
             Amphibologies
             of
             Speech
          
           (
           as
           the
           Schools
           speak
           ,
           )
           
             whereby
             both
             the
             Opponent
             and
             Defendant
             may
             agree
             in
             the
             same
             sense
             and
             meaning
             of
             the
             words
             .
          
           And
           pray
           Sir
           ,
           how
           came
           you
           to
           imagine
           ,
           That
           the
           Authorities
           produc'd
           ,
           removed
           any
           Difficulty
           arising
           from
           a
           wrong
           understanding
           of
           the
           words
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           and
           Resistance
           ,
           &c.
           that
           are
           the
           Subjects
           of
           our
           Debate
           ?
           If
           you
           had
           been
           at
           pains
           to
           cast
           your
           Eyes
           upon
           my
           Letter
           so
           as
           to
           read
           it
           ,
           I
           presume
           you
           would
           have
           found
           me
           stating
           the
           Question
           betwixt
           us
           ,
           thus
           upon
           the
           matter
           ,
           viz.
           That
           to
           resist
           the
           Magistrate
           ,
           
             when
             he
             is
             lawfully
             such
             ,
             and
             acting
             in
             execution
             of
             Laws
             ,
          
           is
           one
           thing
           ;
           but
           to
           resist
           the
           same
           Person
           ,
           
             when
             he
             divests
             himself
             of
             that
             Sacred
             Character
             by
             trampling
             on
             Fundamental
             Laws
             ,
          
           is
           quite
           another
           :
           The
           first
           is
           certainly
           unlawful
           ,
           but
           not
           the
           second
           .
           And
           to
           elucidate
           this
           ,
           I
           told
           you
           ,
           there
           was
           a
           great
           Difference
           betwixt
           a
           Princes
           trampling
           upon
           a
           part
           of
           his
           Subjects
           in
           execution
           of
           Laws
           made
           against
           them
           ,
           and
           his
           doing
           of
           the
           same
           in
           downright
           contradiction
           of
           Fundamental
           Laws
           made
           in
           their
           Favours
           :
           And
           albeit
           ,
           in
           the
           first
           case
           it
           were
           disallowable
           to
           Resist
           ,
           yet
           in
           the
           second
           ,
           reason
           and
           common
           sense
           ,
           in
           my
           Opinion
           ,
           does
           warrant
           it
           .
           And
           upon
           my
           thus
           stating
           of
           the
           Question
           ,
           I
           did
           then
           ,
           as
           now
           once
           for
           all
           ,
           tell
           you
           ,
           That
           all
           places
           of
           the
           Homilies
           ,
           yea
           ,
           of
           Holy
           Scripture
           it self
           ,
           disproving
           Resistance
           of
           Magistrates
           ,
           are
           to
           be
           understood
           in
           a
           natural
           sense
           ,
           and
           with
           Analogy
           of
           Reason
           ,
           to
           be
           meant
           of
           
             Magistrates
             when
             lawfully
             such
             ,
             and
             acting
             conform
             to
             Laws
             ,
          
           and
           not
           of
           Princes
           
             divesting
             themselves
             of
             that
             Office
             by
             their
             own
             Faults
             and
             Mismanagement
             .
          
           And
           in
           my
           giving
           so
           necessary
           and
           natural
           a
           Gloss
           upon
           the
           Homilies
           ,
           I
           do
           but
           Justice
           to
           those
           worthy
           Reformers
           that
           compil'd
           them
           ;
           whereas
           on
           the
           contrary
           ;
           you
           by
           endeavouring
           to
           wrest
           their
           Words
           to
           your
           notion
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ,
           derogate
           from
           the
           Reason
           and
           Learning
           of
           those
           Excellent
           Men
           ▪
           And
           thus
           you
           have
           lost
           your
           pains
           and
           time
           in
           citing
           them
           .
        
         
           At
           length
           you
           come
           to
           examine
           my
           Letter
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           first
           place
           you
           tell
           me
           ,
           
             I
             will
             have
             Dr.
          
           Burnet
           
             to
             be
             Author
             of
             that
             Pamphlet
             whether
             you
             will
             or
             not
          
           ;
           and
           in
           so
           doing
           ,
           you
           say
           ,
           
             I
             derogate
             from
             his
             Credit
             ,
             since
             he
             subscrib'd
             the
             Book
             of
             Homilies
             ,
             and
             has
             asserted
             Passive
             Obedience
             .
          
           A
           strange
           shuffle
           indeed
           ,
           and
           of
           a
           piece
           with
           the
           rest
           of
           your
           Letter
           .
           I
           never
           so
           much
           as
           insinuated
           any
           such
           thing
           ;
           and
           whether
           it
           be
           his
           or
           not
           ,
           I
           know
           not
           :
           But
           
           sure
           I
           am
           ,
           all
           your
           Hearers
           thought
           ,
           and
           I
           have
           evinced
           it
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           the
           matter
           can
           bear
           ,
           That
           in
           the
           scurrilous
           Epithets
           you
           gave
           the
           Author
           of
           that
           Pamphet
           
             as
             you
             call
             it
          
           ,
           you
           design'd
           Dr.
           Burnet
           ;
           and
           this
           you
           wisely
           pass
           over
           without
           an
           Answer
           .
           I
           was
           willing
           to
           think
           you
           were
           now
           asham'd
           of
           these
           Expressions
           ;
           but
           the
           whole
           Tenor
           of
           your
           Letter
           forbids
           me
           to
           think
           ,
           that
           blushing
           is
           your
           greatest
           fault
           .
           It
           were
           a
           piece
           of
           odd
           presumption
           ,
           to
           suppose
           that
           Great
           Man
           needed
           any
           Mans
           Vindication
           ,
           especially
           mine
           :
           And
           sure
           I
           am
           ,
           in
           his
           subscribing
           the
           Homilies
           ,
           and
           asserting
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ,
           he
           sufficiently
           understood
           the
           sense
           of
           the
           Words
           ;
           and
           his
           Reason
           and
           Learning
           is
           too
           great
           to
           have
           been
           cheated
           into
           your
           Notion
           of
           them
           .
           But
           you
           know
           the
           Sun
           loses
           none
           of
           his
           Rays
           by
           being
           barkt
           at
           .
        
         
           In
           your
           second
           Paragraph
           ,
           I
           find
           nothing
           but
           a
           Repetition
           of
           the
           Homilies
           yet
           once
           more
           to
           prove
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ,
           a
           Principle
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           Englands
           ;
           and
           this
           requires
           no
           other
           Answer
           ,
           but
           what
           I
           have
           already
           given
           you
           in
           stating
           the
           Question
           ,
           and
           clearing
           the
           sense
           of
           the
           Words
           .
        
         
           You
           begin
           your
           third
           Paragraph
           with
           another
           shuffle
           ,
           in
           making
           me
           
             call
             Passive
             Obedience
             the
             darling
             Principle
             of
             the
             Church
             of
          
           England
           ,
           than
           which
           nothing
           was
           farther
           from
           my
           thoughts
           ;
           and
           to
           call
           it
           yours
           ,
           meaning
           Mr.
           Vicars
           ,
           was
           not
           in
           my
           Opinion
           ,
           to
           father
           it
           upon
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           .
           Then
           you
           tell
           me
           ,
           I
           am
           forc'd
           to
           own
           ,
           
             That
             the
             Government
             of
             the
             Empire
             is
             so
             far
             different
             from
             that
             of
          
           England
           ,
           
             that
             what
             would
             be
             Rebellion
             here
             ,
             would
             be
             but
             a
             legal
             Defence
             there
             .
          
           This
           requires
           indeed
           ,
           a
           considerable
           Talent
           of
           Confidence
           ;
           for
           I
           acknowledge
           no
           such
           thing
           :
           Yea
           ,
           upon
           the
           contrary
           I
           asserted
           ,
           That
           the
           
             Bulla
             Aurea
          
           of
           the
           Empire
           ,
           and
           the
           Coronation
           Oath
           in
           England
           ,
           were
           so
           ▪
           far
           parallel
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           both
           Barriers
           against
           the
           Incroachments
           of
           the
           Sovereign
           .
           One
           would
           have
           thought
           ,
           that
           instead
           of
           mis-citing
           my
           Expressions
           ,
           a
           Man
           of
           your
           Character
           would
           rather
           have
           endeavoured
           to
           give
           a
           fair
           Answer
           ,
           by
           evincing
           ,
           That
           the
           
             Bulla
             Aurea
          
           warrants
           Resistance
           ,
           and
           the
           Coronation
           Oath
           disallows
           it
           .
           You
           are
           as
           unjust
           to
           Sleidan
           as
           to
           me
           ;
           for
           the
           Duke
           of
           Saxony
           is
           mentioned
           by
           him
           ,
           to
           use
           no
           such
           Expressions
           as
           these
           you
           mentioned
           ;
           but
           instead
           of
           saying
           ,
           
             The
             Emperor
             was
             not
             a
             proper
             Sovereign
          
           ;
           his
           words
           are
           ,
           
             He
             is
             not
             an
             absolute
             and
             despotick
             Monarch
             ,
             and
             so
             may
             be
             resisted
             .
          
           When
           you
           aver
           ,
           That
           Luther
           
             at
             first
             understood
             not
             the
             Government
             of
             the
             Empire
             when
             he
             was
             for
             Resistance
             ,
          
           I
           cannot
           but
           regret
           his
           misfortune
           in
           the
           want
           of
           your
           acquaintance
           ,
           seeing
           he
           might
           have
           been
           better
           instructed
           by
           you
           at
           Newcastle
           ,
           than
           either
           by
           his
           Reading
           ,
           or
           Converse
           with
           the
           Greatest
           Men
           upon
           the
           place
           :
           And
           I
           have
           as
           little
           reason
           to
           believe
           his
           Ignorance
           on
           that
           Head
           ,
           as
           his
           recanting
           his
           Opinion
           ;
           for
           both
           are
           equally
           true
           .
           As
           to
           what
           you
           say
           of
           Calvin
           and
           
           Melancthon's
           being
           for
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ,
           if
           I
           had
           their
           Works
           besides
           me
           (
           as
           I
           have
           not
           ,
           )
           I
           could
           evince
           the
           contrary
           from
           their
           Writings
           .
           But
           who
           knows
           not
           that
           the
           first
           did
           vindicate
           the
           Genevans
           their
           throwing
           off
           
           the
           Jurisdiction
           both
           of
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Geneva
           and
           Duke
           of
           Savoy
           ,
           whereof
           one
           of
           them
           behov'd
           to
           be
           their
           Soveraign
           ;
           and
           the
           last
           did
           allow
           of
           the
           Famous
           
             Smalcalde
             League
          
           ,
           against
           Charles
           V.
           Next
           you
           are
           so
           kind
           as
           to
           instruct
           me
           a
           little
           
             of
             the
             power
             of
             the
          
           Ephori
           ,
           whereof
           you
           suppose
           
             I
             am
             utterly
             ignorant
          
           ;
           I
           cannot
           in
           good
           manners
           but
           thank
           you
           for
           this
           condescendance
           ;
           And
           yet
           it
           's
           somewhat
           strange
           ,
           how
           you
           come
           to
           have
           so
           intuitive
           acknowledge
           of
           me
           ,
           as
           without
           search
           ,
           to
           find
           me
           ignorant
           of
           what
           ev'ry
           School
           Boy
           may
           know
           .
           I
           never
           dream'd
           ,
           that
           
             Keckerman
             ,
             Aristotle
          
           ,
           or
           Plutarchs
           works
           were
           
             so
             rare
             in
             Scotland
          
           as
           you
           insinuate
           ;
           perhaps
           the
           Books
           we
           have
           under
           these
           Names
           ,
           are
           spurious
           ,
           and
           you
           by
           a
           vast
           charge
           of
           enquiry
           ,
           have
           found
           out
           the
           Genuine
           ones
           ,
           that
           have
           not
           yet
           come
           our
           length
           ;
           I
           am
           hopeful
           your
           charity
           will
           oblige
           you
           to
           bestow
           one
           true
           Copy
           of
           these
           great
           Mens
           Works
           ,
           upon
           a
           whole
           Nation
           you
           have
           so
           great
           a
           kindness
           for
           .
           And
           yet
           Sir
           ,
           if
           what
           we
           have
           of
           Plutarch
           be
           true
           ,
           you
           are
           as
           ignorant
           of
           the
           Spartan
           Kings
           ,
           as
           I
           of
           the
           Ephori
           ,
           for
           if
           you
           will
           consult
           his
           Lives
           of
           
             Agesilaus
             ,
             Agis
          
           and
           Lysander
           ,
           you
           may
           find
           ,
           that
           albeit
           Lycurgus
           found
           the
           Government
           lodged
           in
           two
           Kings
           ,
           and
           left
           it
           so
           ,
           yet
           both
           before
           his
           time
           and
           afterwards
           ,
           the
           Spartans
           were
           ruled
           but
           by
           one
           King
           ,
           and
           particularly
           from
           Archidamus
           to
           Agis
           the
           last
           of
           the
           Heraclidae
           ,
           including
           six
           Kings
           one
           after
           another
           .
        
         
           Thereafter
           ,
           you
           are
           pleased
           very
           obligingly
           to
           accuse
           me
           
             of
             a
             downright
             Lye
             ,
             in
             saying
             ,
          
           Grotius
           
             allows
             of
             Resistance
          
           ,
           and
           yet
           with
           the
           same
           breath
           ,
           you
           confess
           
             he
             dropt
             in
             his
             younger
             years
             some
             unmeet
             expressions
             ,
             and
             unsound
             arguments
             in
             his
             Book
             de
             Iure
             Belli
             &
             Pacis
             ,
             which
             afterwards
          
           you
           confidently
           affirm
           
             he
             retracted
          
           .
           I
           can
           hardly
           be
           perswaded
           to
           take
           with
           a
           Lye
           ,
           in
           saying
           ,
           Grotius
           allows
           of
           Resistance
           ,
           since
           in
           my
           second
           Letter
           ,
           I
           gave
           you
           his
           own
           words
           for
           it
           ,
           and
           you
           your self
           acknowledge
           he
           did
           so
           ;
           But
           I
           am
           fully
           convinc'd
           you
           are
           guilty
           of
           a
           thing
           called
           a
           mistake
           ,
           in
           saying
           ,
           
             he
             retracted
             his
             Opinion
          
           ,
           for
           
           Bleaw's
           Edition
           of
           that
           Book
           ,
           with
           the
           addition
           of
           Notes
           written
           by
           himself
           a
           little
           before
           his
           death
           (
           
             as
             the
             very
             title
             bears
          
           )
           not
           only
           repeats
           all
           he
           had
           formerly
           said
           upon
           that
           Head
           ,
           but
           confirms
           it
           with
           new
           Additions
           ;
           to
           which
           I
           refer
           you
           .
           Your
           Reflection
           upon
           Gillespy
           ,
           I
           am
           willing
           to
           impute
           to
           your
           love
           to
           his
           Country
           ,
           and
           yet
           I
           perswade
           my self
           ,
           it
           will
           meet
           with
           no
           better
           name
           among
           the
           most
           of
           Men
           ,
           than
           that
           of
           a
           groundless
           calumny
           .
        
         
           In
           your
           fourth
           Paragraph
           ,
           you
           would
           fain
           fix
           upon
           me
           
             a
             contradiction
             in
             first
             asserting
             Passive
             Obedience
             ,
             to
             be
             the
             darling
             Principle
             of
             the
             Church
             of
          
           England
           ,
           
             and
             then
             denying
             it
          
           .
           Certainly
           ,
           this
           is
           to
           try
           how
           far
           you
           can
           push
           forward
           an
           untruth
           without
           lying
           ,
           I
           did
           indeed
           call
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           your
           darling
           ,
           meaning
           Mr.
           
             Iohn
             Marches
          
           ,
           but
           that
           it
           's
           the
           Principle
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           I
           have
           evinc'd
           the
           contrary
           .
           The
           next
           time
           I
           have
           occasion
           to
           name
           any
           thing
           that
           belongs
           to
           you
           ,
           I
           find
           I
           must
           play
           the
           Quaker
           ,
           and
           use
           the
           word
           Thine
           ;
           otherwise
           you
           will
           Father
           it
           upon
           the
           whole
           
           Church
           .
           Next
           with
           the
           same
           ingenuity
           ,
           you
           say
           ,
           
             I
             confessed
             the
             Government
             of
          
           Holland
           
             to
             be
             so
             far
             different
             from
             that
             of
          
           England
           ,
           
             that
             what
             were
             Lawful
             Resistance
             there
             ,
             would
             be
             Rebellion
             here
             .
          
           I
           need
           not
           tell
           you
           I
           said
           no
           such
           thing
           ;
           upon
           the
           contrary
           ,
           I
           told
           you
           that
           the
           Coronation
           Oath
           in
           England
           ,
           ran
           parallel
           with
           that
           of
           the
           Family
           of
           Burgundy
           ,
           in
           whose
           right
           Philip
           of
           Spain
           was
           Lord
           of
           Belgium
           :
           And
           this
           you
           skip
           over
           as
           all
           the
           rest
           that
           's
           material
           .
           You
           use
           your
           old
           way
           of
           shuffling
           ,
           in
           fixing
           on
           me
           the
           mentioning
           only
           the
           Hollanders
           ,
           in
           the
           Protection
           given
           by
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ;
           Whereas
           I
           named
           the
           Protestants
           abroad
           in
           general
           ,
           whereof
           these
           of
           the
           Low
           Countries
           were
           but
           a
           part
           ;
           yet
           by
           this
           little
           trick
           of
           skill
           ,
           you
           wisely
           pass
           over
           the
           assistance
           that
           Great
           Princess
           gave
           the
           Protestants
           of
           France
           ,
           who
           never
           could
           lay
           claim
           to
           any
           such
           priviledges
           ,
           as
           either
           the
           Low
           Countries
           or
           England
           justly
           pretend
           to
           ,
           that
           Government
           being
           as
           absolute
           as
           any
           in
           Christendom
           ,
           ever
           since
           Lewis
           XI
           .
           Notwithstanding
           of
           which
           ,
           She
           protected
           them
           at
           a
           vast
           charge
           ,
           in
           the
           Reigns
           of
           Charles
           IX
           .
           and
           Henry
           III.
           Yea
           ,
           it
           was
           not
           only
           in
           Q.
           
           Elizabeth's
           time
           ,
           that
           England
           assisted
           the
           Protestant
           Subjects
           of
           France
           against
           their
           incroaching
           Princes
           ;
           but
           in
           King
           Charles
           I.
           Reign
           ,
           the
           Expedition
           of
           Rochel
           was
           carried
           on
           by
           King
           and
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           cordially
           agreed
           to
           by
           the
           Fathers
           of
           the
           Church
           .
           What
           a
           poor
           shift
           are
           you
           forc'd
           to
           use
           ,
           to
           evite
           my
           argument
           from
           the
           concurrence
           of
           the
           Clergy
           in
           Convocation
           ,
           when
           you
           play
           upon
           the
           word
           
             Act
             of
             Parliament
          
           ,
           as
           if
           I
           had
           named
           the
           act
           of
           Convocation
           thus
           ,
           which
           I
           did
           not
           .
           All
           the
           World
           knows
           they
           gave
           considerable
           summs
           for
           managing
           that
           assistance
           given
           by
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           thereby
           allowed
           of
           the
           action
           it self
           .
           Your
           Citations
           of
           Bilson
           and
           Jewel
           are
           to
           no
           purpose
           ,
           the
           stating
           of
           the
           Question
           clears
           sufficiently
           their
           meaning
           .
        
         
           You
           begin
           your
           Rhapsody
           of
           a
           fifth
           Paragraph
           ,
           with
           a
           snarl
           
             at
             my
             saying
             ,
             there
             was
             a
             Parallel
             betwixt
             the
             Coronation
             Oath
             of
          
           England
           ,
           
             and
             the
             Golden
             Bull
             of
             the
             Empire
             ,
          
           and
           yet
           you
           are
           not
           able
           to
           evince
           the
           discrepancy
           betwixt
           them
           .
           If
           you
           cast
           your
           eyes
           upon
           that
           Bull
           ,
           you
           may
           find
           that
           by
           it
           ,
           the
           Emperor
           is
           to
           swear
           observance
           of
           the
           Laws
           and
           Liberties
           of
           the
           Empire
           ,
           and
           so
           does
           the
           King
           of
           England
           swear
           at
           his
           Coronation
           ,
           the
           observance
           of
           the
           Laws
           and
           Liberties
           of
           England
           :
           And
           I
           would
           have
           you
           to
           take
           notice
           ,
           that
           neither
           in
           the
           Golden
           Bull
           ,
           nor
           our
           Coronation
           Oath
           ,
           there
           is
           any
           irritant
           clause
           ,
           expressing
           power
           to
           resist
           in
           case
           of
           violation
           of
           either
           ,
           for
           the
           nature
           of
           the
           Contract
           warrants
           it
           ,
           without
           the
           necessity
           of
           any
           such
           express
           clause
           .
           As
           to
           that
           Calumny
           ,
           of
           my
           drinking
           to
           the
           success
           of
           King
           
           Iames's
           Arms
           against
           all
           Invaders
           ,
           I
           'll
           give
           you
           this
           advice
           ;
           The
           first
           time
           you
           Preach
           upon
           the
           ninth
           Commandment
           ,
           allow
           your self
           a
           Reflection
           upon
           that
           place
           of
           Scripture
           ,
           Romans
           2.22
           ,
           23.
           
           
             Thou
             that
             sayest
             ,
             a
             Man
             should
             not
             commit
             adultery
             ,
             dost
             thou
             commit
             adultery
             ?
             Thou
             that
             abhorrest
             Idols
             ,
             doest
             thou
             commit
             Sacriledg
             ?
             Thou
             that
             makest
             thy
             boast
             of
             the
             Law
             ,
             through
             breaking
             of
             the
             Law
             dishonourest
             thou
             God
             ?
          
           You
           have
           been
           
           so
           unhappy
           in
           this
           Calumny
           ,
           that
           it
           's
           the
           only
           one
           ,
           neither
           my
           Friends
           nor
           Enemies
           will
           believe
           ,
           and
           even
           in
           laying
           the
           Scheme
           of
           it
           ,
           you
           shew
           your
           good
           nature
           ,
           in
           insinuating
           His
           present
           Majesty
           came
           to
           England
           as
           an
           Invader
           ,
           whereas
           none
           but
           such
           as
           you
           ,
           denyed
           him
           the
           quality
           of
           a
           Deliverer
           .
           What
           a
           needless
           puther
           do
           you
           make
           about
           the
           Coronation
           Oath
           ,
           because
           forsooth
           ,
           
             the
             King
             of
          
           England
           
             is
             a
             Soveraign
             before
             his
             Coronation
          
           ?
           This
           ev'ry
           body
           knows
           ,
           and
           yet
           I
           would
           have
           you
           likewise
           to
           know
           ,
           that
           a
           Princes
           acceptance
           and
           exercise
           of
           the
           Regal
           Power
           before
           Coronation
           ,
           is
           in
           it self
           an
           
             Homologation
             of
             the
             Coronation
             Oath
          
           ,
           and
           he
           becomes
           virtually
           obliged
           by
           it
           ,
           as
           a
           necessary
           condition
           of
           the
           Original
           Contract
           ,
           betwixt
           him
           and
           his
           Subjects
           :
           And
           in
           case
           a
           King
           should
           contradict
           the
           whole
           tenour
           of
           that
           Oath
           by
           Male-administration
           ,
           it
           were
           no
           rational
           excuse
           ,
           to
           alledge
           ,
           he
           had
           not
           actually
           taken
           the
           Coronation
           Oath
           ,
           seeing
           it
           's
           presumed
           in
           Law
           ,
           he
           knew
           the
           terms
           on
           which
           he
           attain'd
           that
           dignity
           .
           In
           the
           end
           of
           this
           Paragraph
           ,
           you
           desire
           me
           
             to
             shew
             you
             any
             thing
             in
             the
             Coronation
             Oath
             that
             allows
             Subjects
             to
             take
             up
             Arms
             against
             their
             Prince
             .
          
           I
           have
           told
           you
           before
           that
           it
           's
           not
           Lawful
           for
           Subjects
           to
           rise
           up
           against
           their
           Princes
           ,
           acting
           as
           lawful
           Magistrates
           ,
           and
           there
           is
           no
           necessity
           of
           an
           express
           clause
           in
           the
           Coronation
           Oath
           ,
           to
           warrant
           Resistance
           in
           case
           of
           a
           Princes
           overturning
           all
           Laws
           ;
           Because
           the
           Nature
           of
           the
           thing
           inforces
           it
           .
           And
           moreover
           you
           will
           find
           no
           such
           express
           clause
           in
           the
           Golden
           Bull
           ,
           nor
           in
           the
           Plan
           of
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           Netherlands
           ,
           nor
           of
           any
           Monarchick
           Government
           in
           
             Europe
             ,
             Poland
          
           alone
           excepted
           :
           So
           that
           if
           the
           nature
           of
           the
           Government
           ,
           do
           not
           allow
           Resistance
           without
           any
           such
           express
           clause
           ,
           you
           will
           be
           as
           little
           able
           to
           vindicate
           the
           Hollanders
           and
           the
           Princes
           of
           the
           Empire
           ,
           from
           the
           imputation
           of
           Rebellion
           ,
           as
           I
           ,
           the
           Subjects
           of
           England
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           beginning
           of
           your
           sixth
           Paragraph
           ,
           you
           are
           heavy
           upon
           the
           poor
           Transcriber
           of
           my
           Letter
           ,
           
             for
             the
             mistake
             of
             the
             Figure
          
           4
           
             instead
             of
          
           3
           ,
           and
           I
           am
           displeased
           at
           him
           too
           ,
           for
           angering
           you
           .
           Then
           after
           your
           usual
           manner
           of
           calling
           me
           a
           lyer
           ,
           for
           what
           reason
           I
           know
           not
           ,
           you
           come
           to
           answer
           my
           three
           cases
           ,
           which
           I
           cited
           both
           out
           of
           Grotius
           and
           Barclay
           with
           your
           good
           leave
           .
           And
           the
           first
           case
           you
           would
           answer
           is
           none
           of
           mine
           ;
           for
           instead
           of
           saying
           ,
           
             a
             Prince
             may
             be
             Dethroned
             ,
             when
             he
             voluntarily
             and
             freely
             relinquishes
             his
             Crown
             ,
          
           as
           you
           would
           have
           me
           to
           say
           ;
           My
           words
           out
           of
           Grotius
           were
           these
           ,
           
             si
             imperium
             abdicavit
             vel
             habet
             pro
             derelicto
             ,
          
           which
           are
           as
           far
           distant
           from
           yours
           as
           East
           and
           West
           :
           And
           the
           case
           (
           as
           you
           word
           it
           )
           will
           not
           admit
           of
           sense
           ,
           for
           he
           that
           Dethrones
           himself
           by
           a
           voluntary
           Renunciation
           as
           Charles
           V.
           needs
           not
           to
           be
           Dethroned
           by
           others
           :
           An
           office
           may
           be
           truly
           and
           properly
           abdicate
           ,
           when
           there
           is
           no
           
             solemn
             formal
             Renouncing
             it
          
           ,
           and
           to
           evince
           this
           I
           'll
           give
           you
           but
           two
           instances
           of
           Offices
           ,
           that
           have
           a
           near
           analogy
           with
           Monarchy
           .
           If
           a
           General
           in
           the
           Field
           of
           Battel
           ,
           would
           either
           absent
           himself
           ,
           or
           by
           a
           supine
           negligence
           ,
           refuse
           to
           give
           the
           word
           
           of
           Command
           ,
           or
           lead
           on
           the
           Army
           ;
           In
           this
           case
           ,
           there
           is
           no
           formal
           Resignation
           of
           his
           Office
           :
           And
           yet
           how
           unreasonable
           were
           it
           to
           debar
           the
           Soldiers
           from
           making
           choice
           of
           another
           General
           in
           so
           urgent
           a
           juncture
           .
           Secondly
           ,
           What
           office
           seems
           more
           despotick
           ,
           than
           that
           of
           a
           Master
           of
           a
           Ship
           ?
           Now
           in
           case
           ,
           amidst
           an
           imminent
           hazard
           of
           death
           ,
           the
           Master
           cannot
           be
           prevail'd
           with
           to
           use
           his
           skill
           ,
           to
           prevent
           Shipwrack
           ,
           and
           yet
           will
           not
           voluntarily
           Resign
           his
           place
           to
           another
           :
           Who
           can
           justly
           blame
           the
           Seamen
           to
           appoint
           one
           in
           his
           place
           to
           direct
           them
           to
           a
           safe
           Harbour
           ?
           And
           how
           near
           a
           Parallel
           there
           is
           betwixt
           these
           two
           examples
           ,
           and
           our
           late
           juncture
           in
           England
           ,
           the
           Votes
           of
           both
           Houses
           have
           evinced
           in
           the
           word
           Abdicated
           .
           The
           second
           case
           wherein
           you
           acknowledg
           Resistance
           is
           lawfull
           ,
           is
           this
           ,
           
             if
             the
             Prince
             either
             alienate
             his
             Kingdom
             or
             subject
             it
             to
             another
             .
          
           But
           the
           reason
           you
           give
           for
           it
           ,
           is
           wide
           from
           the
           purpose
           ;
           For
           a
           Prince
           may
           Subject
           his
           Crown
           to
           another
           ,
           and
           yet
           not
           [
           
             thrust
             himself
             into
             a
             private
             capacity
          
           ]
           as
           you
           call
           it
           .
           When
           King
           Iohn
           subjected
           his
           Crown
           to
           the
           Pope
           ,
           he
           ceas'd
           not
           thereby
           to
           be
           King
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           the
           Kingdoms
           of
           Naples
           and
           Sicily
           are
           true
           Monarchies
           in
           the
           Family
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           yet
           Feudatory
           and
           Subject
           to
           the
           Pope
           .
           One
           would
           have
           thought
           ,
           that
           you
           might
           have
           taken
           some
           notice
           of
           what
           I
           said
           upon
           this
           case
           ,
           
             in
             relation
             to
             the
             Native
             incroachments
             of
             the
             Sea
             and
             Court
             of
          
           Rome
           ,
           
             and
             how
             far
             a
             subjection
             in
             Spirituals
             may
             usher
             in
             ,
             a
             dependance
             even
             in
             Temporals
          
           ;
           But
           your self
           denyal
           ,
           will
           not
           allow
           you
           to
           be
           thought
           too
           knowing
           ,
           in
           what
           relates
           to
           your
           own
           Profession
           .
           When
           you
           come
           to
           my
           third
           Case
           ,
           thô
           you
           at
           first
           confess
           it
           a
           
             pertinent
             Case
          
           ,
           yet
           you
           bring
           four
           pretty
           Answers
           against
           it
           .
           The
           case
           being
           thus
           ,
           
             a
             King
             may
             be
             Dethron'd
             ,
             si
             in
             populi
             exitium
             feratur
             ,
          
           you
           answer
           ,
           1.
           
           
             Grotius
             retracted
             this
             opinion
          
           ;
           how
           true
           this
           is
           ,
           I
           refer
           you
           to
           that
           Edition
           of
           his
           Works
           I
           formerly
           mentioned
           ,
           wherein
           ,
           instead
           of
           retracting
           this
           Case
           ,
           he
           confirms
           it
           by
           his
           Notes
           upon
           it
           ;
           you
           are
           as
           far
           in
           the
           wrong
           to
           Erasmus
           ,
           as
           to
           Grotius
           ,
           for
           having
           lookt
           upon
           the
           place
           cited
           ,
           there
           is
           not
           one
           word
           there
           relating
           to
           this
           case
           ,
           2ly
           .
           you
           tell
           me
           B.
           Taylor
           calls
           it
           ,
           
             a
             wild
             Case
          
           ,
           which
           is
           nothing
           to
           the
           purpose
           ,
           for
           none
           but
           wild
           Men
           ,
           can
           be
           capable
           of
           it
           ;
           then
           you
           say
           ,
           Grotius
           
             calls
             it
             a
             Case
             that
             scarce
             seems
             possible
             to
             happen
             .
          
           That
           there
           have
           been
           such
           Monsters
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           appears
           by
           
           Nero's
           Firing
           the
           City
           of
           Rome
           ,
           and
           
           Caligula's
           wishing
           the
           Roman
           People
           had
           but
           one
           single
           Neck
           ;
           yea
           in
           the
           late
           Age
           ,
           have
           we
           not
           seen
           a
           Northern
           Prince
           invite
           his
           whole
           Nobles
           aboard
           his
           Ship
           ,
           and
           order
           them
           all
           to
           be
           murder'd
           before
           his
           Eyes
           .
           It
           's
           true
           ,
           we
           have
           been
           blessed
           with
           a
           better
           Race
           of
           Kings
           in
           England
           ,
           than
           to
           find
           any
           such
           Monsters
           in
           our
           Annals
           .
           But
           how
           proper
           it
           was
           for
           a
           Divine
           to
           take
           notice
           of
           what
           I
           told
           you
           upon
           this
           Head
           ,
           
             How
             far
             a
             Prince
             may
             fall
             under
             this
             Category
             ,
             who
             endeavours
             to
             introduce
             a
             Religion
             inconsistent
             with
             his
             Peoples
             Eternal
             Happiness
             ,
          
           I
           am
           willing
           (
           
             as
             well
             as
             you
          
           ,
           )
           to
           appeal
           to
           your
           Parishioners
           .
           Thirdly
           ,
           In
           answer
           to
           this
           Case
           ,
           you
           tell
           me
           ,
           
             More
             sober
             Casuists
             condemn
             the
             starting
             of
             such
             Speculative
             Cases
             ,
             and
             
             would
             fix
             upon
             me
             ill
             Service
             done
             to
             their
             Majesties
             ,
             in
             teaching
             their
             Subjects
             in
             what
             Cases
             they
             may
             Resist
             .
          
           For
           the
           first
           part
           of
           this
           Answer
           ,
           you
           are
           pleas'd
           to
           instance
           no
           particular
           Casuist
           ;
           and
           I
           presume
           you
           are
           not
           able
           to
           do
           it
           ,
           unless
           you
           wrest
           their
           words
           as
           much
           as
           you
           use
           to
           do
           mine
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           make
           them
           say
           what
           you
           please
           .
           But
           when
           you
           so
           positively
           assert
           
             that
             in
             no
             case
             a
             Prince
             may
             be
             Resisted
             ,
          
           give
           me
           leave
           to
           think
           ,
           I
           refel
           sufficiently
           your
           assertion
           ,
           by
           instancing
           a
           case
           wherein
           you
           acknowledg
           you
           self
           Resistance
           is
           warrantable
           ,
           
             tho
             that
             case
             be
             very
             rare
             .
          
           As
           to
           the
           second
           part
           of
           your
           answer
           ,
           I
           hope
           I
           shall
           be
           found
           to
           do
           no
           bad
           service
           to
           their
           Majesties
           ,
           in
           vindicating
           a
           Revolution
           wherein
           they
           have
           acted
           so
           glorious
           a
           part
           ,
           from
           the
           aspersions
           you
           have
           cast
           upon
           it
           ;
           And
           they
           have
           given
           the
           World
           so
           many
           and
           great
           demonstrations
           of
           a
           Sublim
           Vertue
           ,
           and
           of
           their
           abhorrence
           of
           Arbitrary
           Power
           ,
           as
           none
           but
           such
           as
           
             refuse
             to
             pray
             for
             them
          
           ,
           will
           dare
           to
           imagine
           ,
           they
           can
           possibly
           fall
           under
           any
           of
           the
           Cases
           I
           have
           mentioned
           ;
           And
           I
           heartily
           agree
           with
           you
           ,
           so
           far
           in
           point
           of
           Resistance
           ,
           that
           I
           firmly
           believe
           ,
           he
           who
           Resists
           such
           two
           darling
           Princes
           ,
           falls
           under
           the
           inevitable
           hazard
           of
           Damnation
           in
           the
           sense
           of
           your
           Text
           ,
           unless
           he
           repent
           .
        
         
           Among
           a
           great
           deal
           of
           Rubbish
           of
           gentle
           Expressions
           ,
           I
           find
           nothing
           in
           your
           Fourth
           answer
           ,
           merits
           any
           notice
           ,
           but
           one
           thing
           that
           has
           been
           canted
           a
           thousands
           times
           over
           by
           your
           sort
           of
           Men
           ;
           Viz
           ,
           
             that
             the
             Precepts
             for
             Obedience
             given
             by
             our
             Saviour
             ,
             Saint
          
           Peter
           
             and
             Saint
          
           Paul
           ,
           
             were
             given
             at
             a
             time
             when
             the
             greatest
             Monsters
             of
             Cruelty
             were
             upon
             the
             Throne
             ,
          
           for
           so
           your
           express
           words
           are
           .
           Sir
           ,
           even
           in
           this
           matter
           of
           Fact
           ,
           you
           commit
           a
           gross
           mistake
           ,
           for
           tho
           probably
           the
           two
           Apostles
           named
           ,
           wrote
           their
           Epistles
           in
           the
           Reigns
           of
           
             Caligula
             ,
             Domitian
          
           and
           Nero
           ,
           yet
           every
           Body
           knows
           ,
           that
           our
           Saviour's
           preaching
           ,
           was
           from
           the
           fifteenth
           till
           the
           eighteenth
           of
           
             Tiberius
             inclusivè
          
           ,
           who
           was
           none
           of
           the
           worst
           of
           Princes
           ,
           especially
           before
           that
           time
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
           But
           as
           to
           that
           of
           the
           Apostles
           
             commanding
             subjection
             at
             a
             time
             when
             Monsters
             were
             upon
             the
             Throne
          
           to
           answer
           this
           ,
           I
           shall
           take
           occasion
           to
           give
           you
           my
           gloss
           upon
           that
           Text
           ,
           Romans
           13.1.2
           .
           which
           has
           occasioned
           all
           our
           debate
           ;
           and
           in
           so
           doing
           ,
           perhaps
           I
           obviate
           all
           you
           have
           preached
           from
           it
           for
           
             Passive
             obedience
          
           and
           non-resistance
           .
           The
           subjection
           there
           commanded
           to
           be
           given
           to
           the
           Higher
           Powers
           ,
           is
           in
           a
           proper
           sense
           ,
           (
           
             a
             standing
             in
             order
             under
             them
          
           )
           as
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           the
           Resistance
           prohibit
           is
           (
           
             a
             Contraordinatness
             to
             them
          
           )
           and
           so
           the
           very
           Etymology
           of
           the
           Greek
           words
           bears
           .
           This
           being
           the
           genuine
           Critick
           of
           the
           words
           ,
           the
           meaning
           of
           them
           does
           fairly
           resolve
           into
           these
           two
           Corollaries
           .
           First
           ,
           That
           the
           Gospel
           
             destroys
             not
             Magistracy
             ,
             nor
             exempts
             Christians
             from
             the
             Oeconomy
             of
             Subjection
             ,
          
           as
           some
           Hereticks
           at
           that
           time
           vainly
           imagined
           ;
           to
           which
           fond
           opinion
           it
           's
           very
           probable
           ,
           the
           Apostle
           had
           an
           eye
           ,
           as
           many
           learn'd
           Men
           have
           thought
           ,
           particularly
           
             Gerhardus
             de
             Magist.
             polit
             .
             n.
          
           34.38
           .
           Secondly
           ,
           That
           Christianity
           exempts
           not
           the
           Professors
           of
           it
           
             from
             subjection
             to
             Heathen
             Magistrats
          
           ,
           as
           some
           Christians
           of
           that
           Age
           did
           maintain
           ,
           having
           imbib'd
           that
           principle
           ,
           from
           the
           Gaulonites
           
           among
           the
           Iews
           ,
           who
           held
           subjection
           to
           the
           Romans
           or
           any
           other
           Strangers
           ,
           unlawful
           ;
           and
           that
           likewise
           this
           heresie
           or
           error
           was
           in
           the
           Apostles
           view
           ▪
           the
           same
           learn'd
           Author
           and
           a
           great
           many
           others
           do
           agree
           .
           Now
           Resistance
           of
           open
           and
           notorious
           Violations
           of
           Magistracy
           (
           in
           which
           case
           only
           I
           say
           Resistance
           is
           lawful
           )
           contradicts
           not
           the
           subjection
           enjoyn'd
           in
           the
           Text
           ,
           
             being
             thus
             explain'd
          
           :
           That
           subjection
           ,
           being
           nothing
           more
           ,
           but
           an
           acknowledgment
           of
           Magistrates
           ,
           as
           a
           Lawful
           Power
           ordain'd
           of
           God
           for
           the
           good
           of
           Mankind
           .
           And
           that
           even
           at
           that
           time
           ,
           this
           was
           the
           Christians
           sense
           of
           this
           precept
           ,
           would
           appear
           by
           what
           I
           told
           you
           of
           the
           Senats
           declaring
           Nero
           an
           Enemy
           of
           Mankind
           ,
           and
           adjudging
           him
           to
           Death
           ,
           approv'd
           by
           the
           Christians
           of
           old
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           best
           of
           Lawyers
           and
           Casuists
           of
           late
           ;
           as
           for
           instance
           ,
           
             Bodinus
             de
             Republica
             .
             Lib.
          
           2.
           
           Cap.
           5.
           
           And
           further
           ,
           That
           the
           Subjection
           here
           required
           ,
           is
           not
           to
           Princes
           
             abusing
             their
             Power
             by
             trampling
             upon
             all
             that
             's
             Sacred
             ,
          
           (
           as
           you
           would
           have
           it
           in
           naming
           of
           Nero
           ,
           )
           is
           evincible
           from
           these
           Reasons
           :
           First
           ,
           Such
           Princes
           are
           not
           
             the
             Ordinance
             of
             God
          
           ,
           the
           Relative
           of
           Subjection
           ,
           being
           they
           act
           in
           opposition
           to
           God.
           Secondly
           ,
           they
           are
           not
           
             a
             terror
             to
             evil
             doers
          
           ;
           nor
           
             Ministers
             of
             God
             for
             our
             Good
             ,
          
           except
           in
           the
           sense
           that
           afflictions
           and
           plagues
           are
           ,
           and
           so
           they
           are
           defective
           in
           the
           necessary
           Qualities
           of
           these
           higher
           powers
           to
           whom
           Subjection
           is
           enjoin'd
           in
           the
           Text.
           
        
         
           In
           your
           seventh
           paragraph
           after
           some
           expressions
           becoming
           the
           gravity
           of
           a
           Divine
           ,
           you
           will
           needs
           vindicate
           once
           more
           ,
           your
           not
           making
           any
           distinction
           ,
           
             when
             you
             term'd
             self
             defence
             an
             old
             Phanatick
             principle
             ,
          
           and
           the
           reason
           you
           give
           ,
           is
           ,
           
             because
             the
             Apostle
             made
             none
             in
             your
             Text.
          
           By
           the
           same
           reason
           ,
           you
           would
           make
           but
           a
           sorry
           comment
           upon
           many
           places
           of
           Scripture
           :
           to
           instance
           one
           for
           all
           ,
           our
           Saviour
           commands
           us
           
             to
             swear
             not
             at
             all
          
           ;
           Now
           would
           it
           be
           here
           impertinent
           to
           distinguish
           betwixt
           the
           kinds
           of
           Oaths
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           explain
           ,
           what
           Oaths
           are
           lawful
           and
           what
           not
           ,
           because
           our
           Saviour
           made
           no
           distinction
           .
           You
           have
           unluckily
           stumbled
           upon
           the
           Euripus
           ,
           in
           contradicting
           me
           for
           saying
           ,
           
             that
             it
             flow'd
             and
             ebb'd
             ten
             or
             twelve
             times
             in
             the
             natural
             day
             ,
          
           and
           you
           very
           confidently
           allow
           it
           
             no
             frequenter
             tides
             then
             the
             River
             Tyne
             .
          
           This
           in
           any
           other
           ,
           would
           be
           called
           an
           unaccountable
           mistake
           ;
           the
           fewest
           motions
           any
           Author
           allows
           it
           ,
           being
           five
           Tides
           in
           the
           four
           and
           twenty
           hours
           .
           And
           that
           my
           account
           is
           true
           ,
           I
           refer
           you
           to
           Sir
           
             George
             Wheelers
          
           Travels
           ,
           where
           that
           ingenious
           Gentleman
           gives
           you
           an
           exact
           Scheme
           of
           the
           ebbing
           and
           flowing
           of
           this
           Streight
           ,
           as
           he
           had
           it
           upon
           the
           place
           ,
           from
           Father
           Babin
           and
           the
           Millers
           thereabouts
           .
           When
           upon
           this
           score
           ,
           you
           satyrically
           envy
           
             the
             happiness
             of
             Travellers
          
           ,
           I
           think
           such
           men
           as
           you
           ,
           are
           much
           more
           happy
           then
           they
           ,
           if
           Claudians
           description
           
             of
             the
             happy
             man
             of
          
           Verona
           be
           good
           :
           For
           it
           seems
           ,
           he
           took
           Benacus
           lake
           for
           the
           Ocean
           ,
           and
           you
           take
           measures
           of
           all
           the
           Seas
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           by
           the
           River
           of
           Tyne
           .
           Next
           you
           tell
           me
           
             you
             expected
             from
             me
             a
             great
             many
             Citations
             out
             of
             the
          
           Roman
           
             Law
             ,
             for
             resistance
             of
             higher
             powers
             ,
          
           and
           because
           of
           your
           dissapointment
           you
           charm
           me
           with
           four
           Heroick
           Lines
           .
           Sir
           ,
           I
           did
           
           indeed
           tell
           you
           ,
           the
           Roman
           
             Laws
             fixt
             a
             great
             many
             boundaries
             to
             the
             Magistrates
             power
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Tribunitial
             Office
             was
             lodg'd
             in
             the
          
           Plebeians
           
             for
             that
             very
             cause
          
           ;
           I
           also
           told
           you
           the
           Romans
           
             were
             of
             all
             People
             the
             most
             impatient
             of
             Slavery
             ,
          
           and
           gave
           you
           a
           hint
           ,
           why
           
             after
             the
             Government
             of
          
           Rome
           
             became
             more
             despotick
             ,
             the
             Emperours
             were
             oblig'd
             to
             confound
             the
             Tribunitial
             power
             with
             the
             Imperial
             dignity
          
           ;
           and
           all
           this
           you
           wisely
           pass
           over
           .
           It
           were
           to
           transcribe
           too
           great
           a
           part
           of
           the
           civil
           Roman
           Law
           ,
           to
           instance
           all
           the
           Laws
           and
           Sentences
           against
           Arbitrary
           Government
           ;
           But
           let
           these
           two
           suffice
           at
           present
           :
           The
           first
           is
           of
           Theodosius
           the
           younger
           .
           
             Cod.
             Iustin.
             lib.
          
           1.
           tit
           .
           24.
           
           
             Princeps
             tenetur
             .
             The
             Prince
             is
             bound
             to
             the
             Laws
             ,
             on
             the
             Authority
             whereof
             his
             Authority
             depends
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             Laws
             he
             ought
             to
             submit
             .
          
           The
           second
           is
           of
           
             Constantinus
             Leo
             in
             Bizantin
             .
             pro
             communi
             .
             The
             end
             of
             a
             King
             is
             the
             general
             good
             ,
             which
             he
             not
             performing
             ,
             he
             is
             but
             the
             counterfeit
             of
             a
             King.
          
           These
           two
           I
           rather
           instance
           ,
           because
           the
           first
           is
           a
           more
           ample
           commentary
           upon
           Trajans
           expression
           to
           the
           Praetor
           ,
           than
           I
           can
           my self
           agree
           to
           ;
           And
           the
           second
           a
           clear
           cofirmation
           of
           what
           I
           said
           ,
           in
           stating
           of
           the
           question
           ,
           
             that
             Princes
             divest
             themselves
             of
             that
             sacred
             Character
             by
             their
             trampling
             upon
             Laws
             .
          
           As
           to
           your
           Rhyming
           ,
           albeit
           you
           have
           aped
           Cleveland
           in
           a
           great
           many
           expressions
           of
           kindness
           to
           my
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           have
           coppied
           verbatim
           out
           of
           one
           of
           his
           Letters
           ,
           that
           
             raillery
             of
             the
             Mares
             eating
             Thiftles
          
           ;
           yet
           you
           come
           not
           altogether
           up
           to
           the
           Stile
           of
           that
           ingenious
           Poet
           in
           your
           
             lofty
             Verses
          
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           end
           of
           this
           Paragraph
           ,
           you
           tell
           me
           ,
           
             that
             my
             two
             last
             Paragraphs
             are
             such
             an
          
           Augean
           
             Stable
             of
             unkind
             falsities
             as
             will
             tire
          
           Hercules
           
             to
             clear
             ;
             and
             because
             they
             contain
             no
             Argument
             ,
          
           you
           vouchsafe
           them
           no
           other
           answer
           ,
           but
           
             get
             thee
             behind
             me
             Satan
          
           .
           I
           acknowledg
           that
           in
           these
           Paragraphs
           I
           take
           notice
           of
           more
           than
           one
           single
           Augean
           Stable
           ;
           but
           you
           know
           with
           whose
           furniture
           Replenish'd
           .
           And
           pray
           Sir
           ,
           is
           't
           a
           falsity
           ,
           that
           you
           entail'd
           no
           less
           then
           damnation
           upon
           these
           that
           meddled
           with
           the
           Kings
           Forts
           ,
           Army
           ,
           Revenue
           &c.
           
           Seeing
           not
           only
           in
           that
           Sermon
           ,
           but
           in
           your
           first
           Letter
           you
           
             repeat
             it
             in
             express
             words
          
           .
           Was
           there
           no
           matter
           of
           Argument
           in
           what
           I
           told
           you
           ,
           
             of
             your
             rash
             Censures
             being
             levelled
             no
             lower
             than
             a
             Crown'd
             Head
          
           ?
           Was
           it
           not
           proper
           for
           you
           to
           answer
           what
           I
           said
           in
           relation
           to
           you
           charging
           me
           with
           
             Scandalum
             Ecclesiae
          
           ,
           for
           
             checking
             your
             inveighing
             against
             the
             Nobility
             of
             England
             ?
          
           Is
           it
           a
           falsity
           ,
           that
           you
           neither
           preach'd
           your self
           ,
           not
           would
           allow
           your
           Pulpit
           to
           others
           ,
           
             on
             the
             Thanksgiving
             day
             appointed
             for
             the
             late
             mighty
             Deliverance
          
           ?
           When
           you
           cannot
           but
           know
           ,
           that
           all
           honest
           Men
           of
           the
           Place
           exclaim'd
           against
           you
           for
           it
           ;
           And
           you
           know
           best
           what
           it
           meant
           ,
           instead
           of
           a
           Sermon
           on
           that
           day
           ,
           to
           have
           read
           in
           one
           of
           the
           Churches
           ,
           the
           
             Homily
             against
             Rebellion
          
           .
           I
           am
           loth
           to
           rake
           up
           any
           more
           of
           the
           dung
           of
           this
           your
           Augean
           Stable
           ,
           since
           the
           naming
           of
           Particulars
           ,
           might
           occasion
           such
           Consequences
           as
           I
           do
           not
           wish
           you
           :
           And
           my
           silence
           herein
           should
           oblige
           you
           to
           a
           blush
           for
           your
           manner
           of
           treating
           me
           .
           But
           when
           you
           call
           all
           these
           things
           falsities
           ,
           you
           put
           me
           in
           mind
           of
           the
           Nature
           or
           rather
           Epologue
           of
           
           that
           Animal
           ,
           who
           darkning
           his
           own
           Sight
           by
           shutting
           his
           head
           into
           a
           hole
           ,
           fancies
           himself
           invisible
           to
           others
           .
           Above
           all
           things
           ,
           I
           cannot
           dream
           how
           you
           came
           by
           the
           Office
           of
           an
           Exorcist
           .
           I
           took
           it
           for
           one
           of
           the
           Orders
           of
           the
           Romish
           ,
           and
           not
           of
           the
           Reform'd
           Church
           ;
           but
           I
           confess
           I
           'm
           oblig'd
           to
           you
           for
           a
           great
           many
           things
           ,
           I
           never
           knew
           before
           .
        
         
           Now
           because
           your
           heavy
           charge
           of
           Rebellion
           was
           so
           clearly
           levell'd
           against
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           of
           England
           ,
           for
           their
           medling
           with
           the
           late
           King's
           Forts
           ,
           Castles
           ,
           &c.
           
           And
           by
           
             ther
             Resisting
             his
             Forces
          
           ,
           which
           more
           then
           once
           you
           say
           ,
           
             is
             but
             an
             other
             name
             for
             Rebellion
          
           :
           It
           were
           easie
           to
           demonstrate
           that
           the
           Nobles
           and
           People
           of
           England
           ,
           have
           not
           only
           done
           so
           before
           ,
           in
           former
           ages
           ,
           but
           depos'd
           their
           Tyranizing
           Princes
           ,
           and
           alter'd
           the
           direct
           and
           Lineal
           Succession
           of
           the
           Crown
           ,
           tho
           they
           justly
           adher'd
           to
           the
           Royal
           Blood
           :
           I
           shall
           only
           give
           you
           one
           instance
           of
           each
           of
           these
           .
           As
           to
           their
           Resistance
           and
           medling
           with
           Forts
           ,
           &c.
           
           We
           have
           the
           famous
           instance
           in
           King
           Henry
           the
           III.
           from
           whom
           the
           
             Magna
             Charta
          
           was
           obtain'd
           by
           the
           Nobles
           and
           People
           of
           England
           ,
           by
           the
           edge
           of
           their
           Swords
           .
           Of
           the
           second
           ,
           Richard
           II.
           was
           a
           memorable
           Example
           ,
           where
           neither
           the
           fresh
           remembrance
           of
           his
           excellent
           Father
           ,
           nor
           his
           own
           promises
           of
           amendment
           ,
           could
           save
           him
           from
           having
           fourteen
           Articles
           of
           Maleversation
           exhibited
           against
           him
           ,
           and
           then
           deposed
           .
           Of
           the
           altering
           the
           direct
           Lineal
           Succession
           ,
           we
           have
           a
           paramount
           instance
           in
           Cooke
           4.
           
             inst
             .
             p.
          
           36.39
           .
           where
           notwithstanding
           
             Iohn
             de
             Beaufort
          
           ,
           Son
           to
           Iohn
           of
           Gaunt
           ,
           was
           in
           his
           Legitimation
           formally
           and
           expresly
           
             excluded
             from
             the
             Crown
             of
             England
             ,
          
           yet
           the
           Parliament
           entail'd
           the
           Crown
           upon
           Henry
           VII
           .
           heir
           of
           Lyne
           ,
           to
           this
           Iohn
           of
           Beaufort
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           heirs
           of
           King
           
           Henry's
           Body
           ,
           and
           that
           even
           before
           his
           Marriage
           with
           Princess
           Elizabeth
           of
           the
           Family
           of
           York
           ,
           who
           in
           
           Cook
           's
           opinion
           had
           the
           nearest
           right
           to
           the
           Crown
           in
           her
           own
           Person
           .
        
         
           As
           to
           your
           last
           Paragraph
           ,
           I
           deserved
           to
           be
           laught
           at
           ,
           if
           I
           had
           troubled
           my self
           with
           a
           formal
           answer
           to
           
             your
             Physical
             questions
          
           ,
           as
           you
           call
           them
           .
           Yet
           methinks
           I
           should
           have
           had
           more
           thanks
           for
           giving
           you
           a
           hint
           of
           your
           Distemper
           without
           a
           Fee
           ,
           then
           to
           have
           my
           words
           repeated
           otherwise
           then
           I
           wrote
           them
           :
           For
           I
           spoke
           nothing
           of
           
             the
             principal
             Cause
             of
             diseases
          
           ,
           but
           told
           you
           that
           
             a
             Redundancy
             of
             Choler
             with
             a
             little
             of
             adust
             Melancholly
             ,
             produces
             more
             Tragedies
             in
             the
             Body
             of
             Man
             ,
             then
             the
             Iuice
             of
             the
          
           Pancreas
           
             is
             capable
             to
             do
          
           :
           and
           perhaps
           you
           find
           it
           so
           ,
           to
           your
           own
           cost
           .
           Let
           us
           not
           quarrel
           for
           the
           honor
           of
           
             the
             discovery
             of
             the
             Circulation
             of
             the
             Blood.
          
           If
           you
           be
           pleased
           to
           compare
           
             Andreas
             Cisalpinus
          
           and
           Harvey
           together
           ,
           I
           hope
           you
           will
           alter
           your
           opinion
           ,
           and
           if
           you
           send
           to
           me
           for
           the
           former
           ,
           it
           may
           ease
           you
           of
           a
           Pisa
           or
           Oxford
           journey
           .
           Before
           I
           leave
           this
           ,
           I
           cannot
           but
           admire
           your
           skill
           in
           the
           
             Belles
             Letters
          
           ,
           for
           I
           have
           often
           read
           ,
           that
           Laurels
           were
           wreath'd
           about
           the
           Victors
           head
           ,
           but
           that
           they
           were
           stuck
           in
           their
           bosoms
           ,
           I
           owe
           it
           to
           your
           discovery
           .
           I
           expected
           you
           would
           rather
           have
           bestowed
           it
           on
           Solomon
           then
           on
           Cisalpinus
           ,
           which
           I
           gave
           you
           a
           fair
           opportunity
           to
           do
           ;
           but
           when
           
           any
           thing
           of
           Divinity
           comes
           in
           the
           Play
           ,
           you
           are
           as
           silent
           as
           the
           Moon
           in
           an
           Eclipse
           ,
           
             to
             use
             your
             own
             words
          
           ,
           tho
           I
           knew
           not
           before
           ,
           she
           was
           more
           silent
           at
           time
           then
           any
           other
           ,
           and
           would
           be
           gladly
           informed
           what
           Language
           ,
           at
           other
           times
           she
           Speaks
           .
           As
           to
           our
           Law
           Question
           ,
           I
           am
           not
           much
           concern'd
           on
           either
           side
           ,
           being
           in
           no
           great
           hazard
           of
           being
           either
           a
           Vicar
           or
           his
           Curat
           .
           You
           know
           the
           reason
           why
           I
           proposed
           it
           ,
           and
           you
           may
           do
           in
           it
           ,
           as
           your
           Christian
           Wisdom
           shall
           dictate
           to
           you
           .
           But
           what
           a
           wretched
           notion
           have
           you
           of
           the
           term
           
             Iure
             Divino
          
           ,
           when
           you
           confound
           it
           with
           (
           
             not
             being
             contrary
             to
             the
             Law
             of
             God
          
           ▪
           )
           And
           that
           you
           fall
           not
           into
           so
           gross
           a
           mistake
           a
           second
           time
           ,
           I
           refer
           you
           to
           the
           excellent
           and
           learned
           Author
           you
           named
           ,
           his
           Irenicon
           ,
           where
           you
           may
           learn
           a
           better
           definition
           of
           it
           .
           After
           so
           Learned
           an
           Answer
           to
           my
           Letter
           ,
           I
           expected
           one
           to
           my
           Postscript
           ,
           and
           thought
           ,
           you
           might
           perhaps
           teach
           the
           World
           some
           middle
           way
           betwixt
           the
           poor
           Protestants
           of
           Ireland's
           
             Resisting
             King
             Iames
          
           ,
           and
           
             their
             tamely
             yielding
             up
             their
             Throats
             to
             be
             cut
             ,
          
           but
           this
           so
           seasonable
           a
           Secret
           you
           keep
           to
           your self
           .
        
         
           Thus
           I
           have
           done
           with
           you
           and
           your
           Letter
           ,
           and
           never
           any
           of
           
           Loyolla's
           Sect
           injoyn'd
           a
           more
           nauseous
           Penance
           on
           their
           Votaries
           ,
           then
           I
           on
           my self
           in
           giving
           you
           an
           Answer
           .
           Take
           it
           as
           the
           last
           you
           shall
           be
           troubled
           with
           ,
           from
           ,
        
         
           
             SIR
             ,
          
           
             
               Your
               humble
               Servant
            
             ,
             James
             Welwood
             .
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
           ERRATA
           .
        
         
           Page
           11.
           
           Line
           14.
           for
           in
           this
           ,
           read
           in
           Thesi.
           p.
           16.
           l.
           27.
           for
           Barly
           ,
           r.
           Barclay
           .
           p.
           22.
           l.
           27.
           for
           bold
           fright
           ,
           r.
           bodily
           fright
           .