The manner of holding Parliaments in England. Collected forth of our ancient records. Whereunto is added. Certaine ancient customs of this kingdome. The prerogative and power of Parliaments. The order and forme of the placing and sitting of the Kings Majesty and peeres in the upper house of Parliament. The order and course of passing bills in Parliament. With the stately and magnificent order, of proceeding to Parliament, of the most high and mighty prince, King Charles, on Monday the 13th. of Aprill 1640. in the 16th. yeare of his Majesties reigne, first on horse backe from White Hall to Westminster-Abby-Church, and from thence on foot to the Parliament house.
         Hakewill, William, 1574-1655.
      
       
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             The manner of holding Parliaments in England. Collected forth of our ancient records. Whereunto is added. Certaine ancient customs of this kingdome. The prerogative and power of Parliaments. The order and forme of the placing and sitting of the Kings Majesty and peeres in the upper house of Parliament. The order and course of passing bills in Parliament. With the stately and magnificent order, of proceeding to Parliament, of the most high and mighty prince, King Charles, on Monday the 13th. of Aprill 1640. in the 16th. yeare of his Majesties reigne, first on horse backe from White Hall to Westminster-Abby-Church, and from thence on foot to the Parliament house.
             Hakewill, William, 1574-1655.
          
           [60] p. : port. (metal cut)
           
             s.n.],
             [London :
             Printed in the yeare, 1641.
          
           
             Anonymously published by William Hakewill.
             Place of publication from Wing.
             Signatures: A² B-H⁴.
             Reproduction of the original in the British Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           Great Britain. -- Parliament -- History -- Early works to 1800.
           Great Britain -- History -- Charles I, 1625-1649 -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
       A86394  R212700  (Thomason E157_11).  civilwar no The manner of holding Parliaments in England.:  Collected forth of our ancient records. Whereunto is added. Certaine ancient customs of this Hakewill, William 1641    14227 8 0 0 0 0 0 6 B  The  rate of 6 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the B category of texts with fewer than 10 defects per 10,000 words. 
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           THE
           MANNER
           of
           holding
           PARLIAMENTS
           IN
           ENGLAND
           .
           Collected
           forth
           of
           our
           Ancient
           
             Records
             .
          
           Whereunto
           is
           added
           .
        
         
           Certaine
           
             Ancient
             Customs
          
           of
           this
           Kingdome
           .
        
         
           The
           Prerogative
           and
           power
           of
           
             Parliaments
             .
          
        
         
           The
           order
           and
           forme
           of
           the
           placing
           and
           sitting
           of
           the
           Kings
           Majesty
           and
           Peeres
           in
           the
           upper
           House
           of
           
             Parliament
             .
          
        
         
           The
           order
           and
           course
           of
           passing
           of
           Bills
           in
           
             Parliament
             .
          
        
         
           With
           The
           Stately
           and
           magnificent
           order
           ,
           of
           proceeding
           to
           
             Parliament
             ,
          
           of
           the
           most
           High
           and
           Mighty
           
             Prince
             ,
          
           King
           CHARLES
           ,
           on
           Monday
           the
           13th
           .
           of
           
             Aprill
          
           1640.
           in
           the
           16th
           .
           yeare
           of
           his
           Majesties
           reigne
           ,
           first
           on
           Horse
           backe
           from
           White
           Hall
           to
           Westminster-Abby-Church
           ,
           and
           from
           thence
           on
           foot
           to
           the
           Parliament
           house
           .
        
         
           Printed
           in
           the
           yeare
           ,
           1641.
           
        
      
       
       
         
           
             
               DIEV
               ET
               MON
               DROIT
            
          
        
         
      
    
     
       
       
       
         
           THE
           MANNER
           OF
           HOLDING
           A
           PARLIAMENT
           in
           the
           second
           of
           
             Edward
          
           the
           Confessor
           ,
           Sonne
           of
           K.
           
             Etheldred
             .
          
        
         
           HERE
           is
           described
           ,
           the
           Manner
           after
           which
           the
           
             Parliament
          
           of
           the
           King
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           and
           of
           his
           English
           People
           was
           kept
           in
           the
           times
           of
           King
           
             Edward
             ,
          
           the
           Sonne
           of
           
             Etheldred
          
           the
           King
           ;
           which
           manner
           was
           rehearsed
           ,
           by
           the
           discreet
           sort
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           before
           
             William
          
           Duke
           of
           
             Normandy
          
           the
           Conquerour
           ,
           and
           King
           of
           
             England
          
           ;
           the
           Conquerour
           himselfe
           commanding
           this
           ;
           and
           by
           himselfe
           approved
           and
           used
           in
           his
           times
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           times
           of
           his
           successours
           Kings
           of
           
             England
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             Of
             the
             Summons
             of
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
           
             The
             Summons
             of
             
               Parliament
            
             ought
             to
             goe
             forty
             dayes
             before
             the
             first
             day
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Concerning
             the
             Clergie
             .
          
           
             The
             
               Parliament
            
             ought
             to
             be
             summoned
             and
             come
             ,
             the
             Arch-Bishops
             ,
             Bishops
             ,
             and
             other
             chief
             of
             the
             Clergie
             ,
             who
             come
             thither
             by
             holding
             of
             some
             County
             or
             Barony
             ,
             
             and
             because
             of
             such
             tenure
             ,
             and
             not
             otherwise
             ,
             and
             none
             of
             the
             lesse
             degree
             of
             the
             Clergie
             ,
             unlesse
             their
             presence
             or
             coming
             thither
             may
             be
             required
             in
             some
             other
             respect
             then
             by
             their
             tenures
             ;
             or
             ,
             unlesse
             they
             be
             of
             the
             Kings
             Counsell
             ;
             or
             their
             presence
             may
             be
             deemed
             necessary
             ,
             or
             accounted
             profitable
             for
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             :
             and
             the
             King
             is
             bound
             to
             minister
             unto
             them
             their
             costs
             and
             expences
             in
             coming
             and
             tarrying
             at
             the
             
               Parliament
               .
            
             Neither
             ought
             such
             of
             the
             lower
             degree
             of
             the
             Clergie
             men
             to
             be
             summoned
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             but
             the
             King
             was
             wont
             to gether
             to
             send
             out
             his
             Writs
             to
             such
             men
             ,
             requiring
             them
             that
             they
             should
             be
             present
             at
             his
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
           
             Also
             the
             King
             was
             wont
             to
             give
             Summons
             to
             the
             Arch-bishops
             ,
             Bishops
             ,
             and
             other
             exempted
             persons
             ;
             or
             to
             Abbots
             ,
             Priors
             ,
             and
             other
             Ecclesiasticall
             
             persons
             ,
             that
             have
             by
             such
             exemptions
             and
             priviledges
             their
             severall
             jurisdictions
             ,
             according
             to
             their
             severall
             Deaneries
             ,
             and
             Arch-deaneries
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             through
             their
             Deaneries
             ,
             and
             Arch-deaneries
             aforesaid
             ,
             should
             cause
             to
             be
             chosen
             two
             skilfull
             and
             fit
             Proctors
             or
             Clerks
             of
             the
             Convocation
             house
             out
             of
             the
             same
             Arch-deanery
             to
             come
             and
             to
             be
             present
             at
             ,
             to
             answer
             ,
             to
             undergoe
             ,
             to
             alledge
             and
             to
             doe
             there
             ,
             that
             which
             all
             and
             every
             Parson
             of
             their
             Deaneries
             ,
             and
             Arch-deaneries
             should
             ,
             if
             they
             ,
             and
             all
             ,
             and
             every
             of
             them
             were
             personally
             present
             there
             .
             And
             that
             such
             Proctors
             or
             Clerks
             of
             the
             Convocation
             house
             come
             with
             their
             two
             Warrants
             ,
             sealed
             with
             the
             seales
             of
             their
             superiours
             ,
             because
             they
             are
             chosen
             and
             sent
             to
             such
             a
             Proctorship
             ;
             The
             one
             of
             which
             Letters
             should
             be
             delivered
             to
             the
             Clarke
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             to
             be
             enrolled
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             remaine
             in
             the
             Proctors
             and
             Clerks
             themselves
             :
             and
             so
             under
             these
             two
             kinds
             of
             Summons
             ,
             the
             whole
             Clergie
             ought
             to
             be
             Summoned
             to
             the
             Kings
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Concerning
             the
             Laity
             .
          
           
             Also
             all
             and
             every
             Earle
             ,
             
             and
             Baron
             ,
             and
             their
             Peeres
             ought
             to
             be
             summoned
             ,
             and
             come
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             to
             wit
             ,
             those
             that
             have
             Lands
             ,
             and
             Revenues
             to
             the
             value
             of
             a
             whole
             County
             ,
             which
             maketh
             foure
             hundred
             pounds
             in
             the
             whole
             ;
             or
             
             to
             the
             value
             of
             one
             whole
             Barony
             :
             to
             wit
             ,
             Thirteene
             fees
             ,
             and
             the
             third
             part
             of
             one
             Knights
             fee
             ,
             every
             fee
             being
             reckoned
             at
             twenty
             poundes
             ,
             maketh
             in
             the
             whole
             ,
             foure
             hundred
             markes
             ,
             and
             no
             lower
             Lay-men
             ought
             to
             be
             summoned
             to
             come
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             by
             reason
             of
             of
             their
             tenure
             ,
             
             unlesse
             their
             presence
             for
             other
             causes
             be
             profitable
             ,
             and
             necessary
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             then
             they
             ought
             to
             be
             dealt
             withall
             ,
             as
             is
             said
             of
             them
             of
             Ae
             Lower
             degree
             of
             the
             
               Cleargy
               ,
            
             men
             who
             are
             not
             bound
             by
             reason
             of
             their
             tenure
             to
             come
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             ;
             Also
             the
             
               King
            
             was
             wont
             to
             send
             his
             writs
             to
             the
             Warden
             of
             the
             Cinque Ports
             ,
             that
             hee
             might
             cause
             to
             be
             chosen
             to
             come
             and
             bee
             present
             at
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             to
             answere
             ,
             undergoe
             ,
             and
             do
             there
             that
             which
             their
             Burroughs
             themselves
             should
             do
             ,
             if
             all
             and
             every
             one
             of
             them
             were
             personally
             present
             there
             ,
             and
             such
             Barrons
             should
             come
             with
             their
             two
             Warrants
             ,
             sealed
             with
             the
             common
             seales
             of
             their
             Ports
             ,
             to
             shew
             that
             they
             were
             orderly
             chosen
             ,
             and
             sent
             from
             the
             Barronies
             to
             that
             end
             ;
             the
             one
             whereof
             shall
             bee
             delivered
             to
             the
             Clarke
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             the
             other
             to
             remaine
             with
             the
             Barrons
             themselves
             :
             And
             when
             such
             Barrons
             of
             the
             Ports
             ,
             having
             obtaind
             Lycense
             should
             depart
             from
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             then
             they
             were
             wont
             to
             have
             a
             writ
             under
             the
             great
             seale
             of
             the
             Warden
             of
             the
             Cinque Ports
             ,
             that
             they
             might
             have
             their
             reasonable
             costs
             ,
             and
             expences
             ,
             meet
             for
             such
             Barrons
             out
             of
             the
             County
             of
             the
             Port
             from
             whence
             they
             
             came
             towards
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             untill
             the
             day
             wherein
             they
             returned
             home
             ,
             to
             their
             owne
             houses
             ,
             there
             being
             expresse
             mention
             made
             in
             the
             writ
             of
             the
             stay
             they
             made
             at
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             of
             the
             day
             wherein
             to
             returne
             .
             Yea
             there
             was
             wont
             sometimes
             mention
             to
             be
             made
             in
             the
             writ
             ,
             how
             much
             such
             Barrons
             should
             take
             of
             the
             Counties
             from
             whence
             they
             came
             for
             a
             day
             ,
             to
             wit
             ,
             some
             had
             more
             ,
             some
             had
             lesse
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             ability
             ,
             and
             honesty
             of
             the
             persons
             themselves
             ;
             neither
             were
             they
             wont
             to
             put
             downe
             for
             two
             Barrons
             above
             twenty
             shillings
             by
             the
             day
             ,
             and
             yet
             therein
             had
             they
             respect
             to
             their
             charges
             of
             their
             stayings
             ,
             labour
             ,
             and
             expence
             ,
             neither
             were
             such
             uncertaine
             expences
             to
             be
             put
             downe
             ,
             and
             allowed
             by
             the
             Court
             ,
             for
             all
             and
             every
             one
             so
             chosen
             and
             sent
             for
             their
             Counties
             ,
             unlesse
             the
             persons
             themselves
             were
             honest
             ,
             and
             behaved
             themselves
             well
             in
             the
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Touching
             the
             Knights
             of
             the
             Shire
             .
          
           
             Also
             the
             
               King
            
             was
             wont
             to
             send
             his
             writs
             to
             all
             the
             Sheriffes
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             that
             every
             one
             might
             cause
             to
             be
             chosen
             out
             of
             his
             owne
             Countie
             ,
             through
             the
             Country
             it selfe
             ,
             two
             Knights
             ,
             fit
             ,
             honest
             ,
             and
             skillfull
             ,
             to
             come
             to
             his
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             after
             the
             same
             manner
             which
             is
             spoken
             of
             the
             Barons
             of
             the
             Ports
             ,
             and
             for
             their
             warrants
             they
             should
             
             come
             after
             the
             same
             manner
             .
          
           
             But
             for
             the
             expences
             out
             of
             one
             County
             for
             two
             Knights
             ,
             there
             was
             not
             wont
             to
             bee
             set
             downe
             and
             allowed
             aboue
             one
             Marke
             a
             day
             ,
             and
             now
             eight
             shillings
             a
             day
             ,
             to
             wit
             ,
             for
             every
             one
             of
             them
             foure
             shillings
             .
          
        
         
           
             Touching
             the
             Citizens
             .
          
           
             After
             the
             same
             manner
             Commandement
             was
             wont
             to
             be
             given
             to
             the
             Major
             and
             Sheriffe
             of
             
               London
               ,
            
             the
             Major
             and
             Bayliffes
             to
             the
             Major
             and
             Citizens
             of
             
               Yorke
               ,
            
             and
             of
             other
             Cities
             ,
             that
             they
             for
             the
             County
             of
             their
             City
             should
             choose
             two
             fit
             honest
             and
             skilfull
             Citizens
             to
             come
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             after
             the
             same
             manner
             which
             is
             spoken
             of
             the
             Barons
             of
             the
             Cinque Ports
             ,
             and
             the
             Knights
             of
             the
             Shires
             :
             and
             the
             Citizens
             were
             wont
             to
             be
             Peeres
             and
             equalls
             with
             the
             Knights
             of
             the
             Shires
             in
             expences
             ,
             all
             the
             while
             they
             came
             ,
             tarryed
             ,
             and
             returned
             from
             the
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Touching
             the
             Burgesses
             .
          
           
             After
             the
             same
             manner
             commandement
             was
             wont
             to
             be
             given
             to
             the
             Bayliffes
             and
             honest
             men
             of
             Burrowes
             and
             Townes
             Corporate
             ,
             that
             they
             ought
             of
             themselves
             and
             by
             themselves
             to
             choose
             two
             fit
             honest
             and
             skilfull
             Burgesses
             to
             come
             and
             be
             present
             at
             the
             Kings
             
               Parliament
            
             after
             the
             same
             
             manner
             as
             is
             spoken
             concerning
             Citizens
             :
             but
             two
             Burgesses
             were
             not
             wont
             to
             receive
             by
             the
             day
             for
             their
             expences
             above
             ten
             shillings
             ,
             and
             somtimes
             not
             above
             a
             noble
             ,
             which
             was
             wont
             to
             be
             taxed
             by
             the
             Court
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             greatnes
             of
             the
             Burroughs
             ,
             and
             the
             persons
             sent
             :
             hitherto
             hath
             been
             declared
             ,
             the
             form
             ,
             quality
             ,
             and
             persons
             ,
             how
             long
             a
             time
             before
             the
             Summons
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             ought
             to
             be
             made
             ;
             and
             who
             are
             those
             that
             ought
             to
             come
             by
             the
             Summons
             ,
             and
             who
             not
             .
          
           
             Now
             secondly
             ,
             we
             must
             shew
             who
             they
             are
             which
             by
             reason
             of
             their
             Offices
             ought
             to
             come
             ,
             and
             are
             bound
             to
             be
             present
             at
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             time
             without
             Summon
             :
             whereupon
             we
             must
             make
             the
             two
             principall
             Clerks
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             elected
             by
             the
             King
             and
             his
             Councell
             ;
             and
             other
             secondary
             and
             undertakers
             ,
             of
             whom
             ,
             and
             whose
             Offices
             we
             will
             speak
             more
             specially
             afterwards
             :
             and
             the
             principall
             Cryer
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             with
             their
             under-Cryers
             ;
             and
             the
             principall
             Porter
             of
             
               England
            
             with
             two
             Offices
             ,
             were
             wont
             to
             belong
             to
             one
             person
             :
             These
             two
             Officers
             are
             bound
             to
             be
             present
             the
             First
             day
             .
          
           
             The
             Chancellour
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             the
             Treasurer
             and
             Chamberlaines
             ,
             and
             Barons
             of
             the
             Exchequer
             ,
             Justices
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             Clerks
             ,
             and
             the
             Kings
             Knights
             ,
             together
             with
             them
             ,
             that
             sue
             for
             the
             Kings
             Pleas
             ,
             who
             are
             of
             the
             Kings
             Counsell
             ,
             are
             bound
             to
             be
             present
             the
             second
             day
             ,
             unlesse
             by
             Order
             they
             be
             excused
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             Touching
             the
             beginning
             of
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             The
             Lord
             the
             King
             shall
             sit
             in
             the
             midst
             of
             the
             great
             Bench
             ,
             and
             is
             bound
             to
             be
             present
             in
             the
             First
             and
             Last
             day
             of
             
               Parliament
               .
            
             And
             the
             Chancellour
             ,
             Treasurer
             ,
             Barons
             of
             the
             Exchequer
             ,
             and
             Justices
             were
             wont
             to
             Record
             the
             defaults
             made
             in
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             according
             to
             the
             Order
             following
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             First
             day
             the
             Burgesses
             and
             Citizens
             of
             al
             
               England
            
             shall
             be
             called
             ,
             at
             which
             day
             ,
             if
             they
             doe
             not
             come
             ,
             the
             Shires
             shall
             be
             amerced
             at
             an
             hundred
             pounds
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             Third
             day
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             the
             Barons
             of
             the
             Cinque Ports
             shal
             be
             called
             ;
             and
             afterwards
             the
             Barons
             of
             
               England
            
             ;
             after
             them
             the
             Earles
             :
             whereupon
             if
             the
             Barons
             of
             the
             Cinque Ports
             do
             not
             come
             ,
             the
             Barony
             from
             whence
             they
             are
             shall
             be
             amerced
             at
             an
             hundred
             Marks
             ,
             and
             an
             Earle
             at
             an
             hundred
             pounds
             .
             And
             after
             the
             same
             mannerit
             must
             be
             done
             with
             those
             that
             are
             equall
             to
             Earles
             and
             Barons
             ,
             namely
             ,
             which
             have
             Lands
             and
             Revenews
             ,
             to
             the
             value
             of
             an
             Earldome
             ,
             or
             of
             one
             Barony
             ,
             as
             before
             said
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             Fourth
             day
             ,
             the
             Proctors
             of
             the
             Clergie
             or
             Clerks
             of
             the
             Convocation
             house
             shall
             be
             called
             ;
             
             if
             they
             come
             not
             ,
             their
             Bishops
             shall
             be
             amerced
             for
             every
             Archdeanery
             one
             hundred
             pounds
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             First
             day
             ,
             the
             Deanes
             ,
             Priors
             ,
             Abbots
             ,
             Bishops
             ,
             and
             at
             length
             the
             Archbishops
             shall
             be
             called
             ,
             who
             if
             they
             doe
             not
             come
             ,
             every
             Archbishop
             shall
             be
             fined
             at
             an
             hundred
             pounds
             ;
             and
             every
             one
             holding
             a
             whole
             Barony
             or
             Abbots
             ,
             Doctors
             at
             an
             hundred
             Marks
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             First
             day
             Proclamation
             ought
             to
             be
             made
             in
             the
             Hall
             ,
             or
             in
             the
             Monastery
             ,
             or
             in
             som
             publique
             place
             ,
             where
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             is
             to
             be
             held
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             publickly
             in
             the
             City
             or
             Town
             ,
             
               That
               all
               those
               who
               would
               deliver
               Petitions
               or
               Bills
               to
               the
            
             Parliament
             ,
             
               that
               they
               may
               deliver
               them
               the
               First
               day
               ,
               and
               soother
               five
               dayes
               next
               following
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Touching
             the
             Preaching
             at
             the
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             An
             Archbishop
             or
             Bishop
             ,
             or
             some
             great
             Clerk
             discreet
             and
             eloquent
             ,
             chosen
             by
             the
             Archbishop
             in
             whose
             Province
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             is
             held
             ,
             ought
             to
             preach
             one
             of
             the
             said
             five
             dayes
             of
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             in
             the
             presence
             of
             the
             King
             :
             and
             this
             must
             be
             done
             when
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             for
             the
             greater
             part
             shal
             be
             joyned
             and
             gathered
             together
             .
             In
             his
             Sermon
             ,
             he
             shall
             admonish
             and
             exhort
             the
             whole
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             that
             they
             with
             him
             humbly
             pray
             
               God
               ,
            
             and
             worship
             
             him
             ,
             for
             the
             peace
             and
             tranquility
             of
             the
             King
             and
             Kingdome
             ,
             as
             shall
             be
             said
             in
             the
             Title
             following
             .
          
        
         
           
             Touching
             the
             Speech
             for
             the
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             After
             the
             preaching
             ,
             the
             Chancellour
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             or
             the
             Lord
             Chiefe
             Justice
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             or
             some
             other
             fit
             ,
             honest
             ,
             and
             eloquent
             Justice
             ,
             or
             Clerke
             chosen
             by
             the
             Chancellor
             ,
             or
             Chief
             Iustice
             themselves
             ought
             ,
             standing
             to
             pronounce
             the
             causes
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               .
            
             Whosoever
             they
             be
             ,
             whilest
             they
             speake
             ,
             shall
             stand
             (
             except
             the
             King
             )
             so
             that
             all
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             might
             heare
             him
             that
             speaketh
             ,
             or
             if
             he
             speake
             somthing
             darkly
             ,
             or
             in
             a
             talke
             lowe
             voyce
             ,
             let
             him
             speak
             againe
             ,
             and
             speak
             lowder
             also
             ,
             or
             let
             another
             speak
             for
             him
             .
          
        
         
           
             Touching
             the
             Speech
             of
             the
             King
             after
             the
             Speech
             before
             mentioned
             .
          
           
             The
             King
             (
             after
             the
             Speech
             before
             mentioned
             )
             ought
             to
             require
             the
             Clergie
             and
             Laity
             ,
             naming
             them
             after
             their
             degrees
             ,
             as
             Archbishops
             ,
             Bishops
             ,
             and
             Abbots
             ,
             
               &c.
               
            
             Earles
             ,
             Barons
             ,
             Knights
             ,
             Citizens
             ,
             
               &c.
            
             that
             they
             carefully
             ,
             diligently
             ,
             and
             heartily
             labour
             throughly
             to
             handle
             ,
             labour
             ,
             and
             deliberate
             in
             the
             businesse
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             even
             as
             they
             shall
             understand
             and
             perceive
             that
             this
             shal
             
             be
             first
             according
             to
             the
             will
             and
             pleasure
             of
             
               God
            
             ;
             and
             afterwards
             for
             his
             and
             their
             honours
             and
             commodities
             .
          
        
         
           
             Touching
             the
             Absence
             of
             the
             King
             in
             the
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             The
             
               King
            
             is
             bound
             by
             all
             meanes
             possible
             to
             be
             present
             at
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             unlesse
             he
             be
             detained
             or
             let
             therefrom
             by
             bodily
             sicknes
             ,
             and
             then
             hee
             may
             keep
             his
             Chamber
             ,
             yet
             so
             as
             he
             ly
             not
             without
             the
             mannour
             or
             Towne
             at
             the
             least
             ,
             where
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             is
             held
             ,
             and
             then
             hee
             ought
             to
             send
             for
             twelve
             persons
             of
             the
             greatest
             and
             best
             of
             them
             ,
             that
             are
             summoned
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
               .
            
             That
             is
             ,
             two
             Bishops
             ,
             two
             Earles
             ,
             two
             Barons
             ,
             two
             Knights
             of
             the
             Shire
             ,
             two
             Burgesses
             ,
             and
             two
             Citizens
             to
             looke
             upon
             his
             person
             ,
             to
             testify
             and
             witnesse
             his
             Estate
             ,
             and
             in
             their
             presence
             he
             ought
             to
             make
             a
             Commission
             ,
             and
             give
             authority
             to
             the
             Arch-bishop
             of
             the
             place
             ,
             the
             Steward
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             and
             chiefe
             Iustice
             ,
             that
             they
             joyntly
             ,
             and
             severally
             ,
             should
             begin
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             continue
             the
             same
             in
             his
             name
             ,
             expresse
             mention
             being
             made
             in
             that
             Commission
             of
             the
             cause
             of
             his
             absence
             then
             ,
             which
             ought
             to
             suffice
             ,
             and
             admonish
             the
             other
             Nobles
             ,
             and
             chiefe
             men
             in
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             together
             with
             the
             evident
             Testimony
             of
             the
             aforesaid
             twelve
             Peeres
             of
             theirs
             ,
             the
             reason
             is
             because
             there
             was
             wont
             to
             be
             a
             cry
             or
             murmur
             in
             
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             for
             the
             
               Kings
            
             absence
             ,
             because
             his
             absence
             is
             hurtfull
             and
             dangerous
             to
             the
             whole
             Commonalty
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             Kingdome
             ,
             when
             the
             King
             shall
             be
             absent
             from
             his
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             neither
             indeed
             ,
             ought
             hee
             or
             may
             be
             absent
             but
             onely
             in
             the
             case
             aforesaid
             .
          
        
         
           
             Touching
             the
             places
             and
             sitting
             in
             the
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
           
             First
             as
             I
             before
             said
             ,
             the
             
               King
            
             shall
             sit
             in
             the
             mid
             place
             of
             the
             great
             Bench
             ,
             and
             at
             his
             right
             side
             shall
             sit
             the
             Arch-bishop
             of
             Canterbury
             the
             Bishops
             of
             London
             ,
             and
             of
             Winchester
             ,
             and
             after
             them
             in
             order
             and
             course
             ,
             the
             other
             Bishops
             ,
             Abbots
             and
             Priors
             ,
             and
             on
             the
             left
             side
             the
             King
             ,
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             of
             
               York
               ,
            
             the
             Bishops
             of
             
               Durham
               ,
            
             and
             
               Carlile
               ,
            
             and
             after
             them
             ,
             the
             Earles
             ,
             Barons
             ,
             &c.
             making
             alwaies
             a
             division
             of
             place
             ,
             betweene
             the
             foresaid
             degrees
             ,
             and
             their
             places
             ,
             that
             none
             sit
             but
             amongst
             Peeres
             and
             his
             equalls
             ;
             and
             the
             Steward
             of
             
               England
            
             too
             looke
             to
             this
             ,
             unlesse
             the
             King
             will
             assigne
             some
             other
             to
             it
             .
             At
             the
             Kings
             foot
             ,
             at
             the
             right
             side
             shall
             sit
             the
             Chancellor
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             and
             the
             chiefe
             Iustice
             of
             
               England
            
             and
             their
             fellowes
             ,
             and
             their
             Clarks
             who
             are
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             at
             his
             foot
             on
             the
             left
             side
             shall
             sit
             the
             Treasurer
             and
             Chamberlaine
             and
             Barons
             of
             the
             Exchequer
             ,
             the
             Iustices
             of
             the
             Bench
             ,
             and
             their
             Clarkes
             who
             are
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
        
         
         
           
             Touching
             the
             principall
             Clarkes
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
           
             There
             are
             two
             principal
             Clarkes
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             who
             shall
             sit
             in
             the
             midst
             of
             the
             Iustices
             ,
             who
             shall
             enrole
             all
             the
             pleas
             and
             businesse
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             we
             must
             know
             ,
             that
             these
             two
             Clarks
             are
             not
             subject
             to
             every
             Iustice
             ,
             neither
             is
             every
             Iustice
             in
             England
             Iustice
             in
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             neither
             have
             they
             of
             themselves
             Record
             in
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             unlesse
             so
             far
             forth
             as
             new
             power
             shall
             bee
             assigned
             and
             given
             to
             them
             in
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             by
             the
             King
             and
             the
             Peeres
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             when
             they
             are
             
               assigned
            
             with
             other
             choyce
             men
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             to
             heare
             and
             determine
             divers
             petitions
             and
             complaints
             ,
             offered
             in
             
               Parliament
            
             ;
             but
             these
             two
             Clarkes
             are
             immediately
             subject
             to
             the
             King
             and
             his
             
               Parliament
            
             in
             common
             ,
             unlesse
             perhaps
             one
             Iustice
             or
             two
             ,
             bee
             assignedto
             examine
             and
             amend
             their
             Inrolements
             :
             And
             when
             the
             Peeres
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             ;
             to
             heare
             and
             examine
             som
             Petitions
             by
             themselves
             ,
             then
             when
             they
             shall
             be
             of
             one
             mind
             and
             agreeing
             in
             rendring
             their
             judgements
             to
             such
             Petitions
             ,
             and
             the
             processe
             made
             concerning
             the
             same
             ,
             and
             they
             shall
             give
             their
             judgement
             in
             full
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             so
             that
             the
             other
             two
             Clarkes
             principally
             Inrole
             all
             the
             pleas
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             Iudgements
             in
             the
             principall
             role
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             shall
             deliver
             these
             
             roles
             to
             the
             Treasurer
             before
             the
             going
             away
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             referring
             ,
             yet
             notwithstanding
             to
             the
             same
             Clarkes
             one
             transcript
             and
             count
             er-role
             thereof
             if
             they
             will
             have
             it
             .
          
           
             These
             two
             Clarkes
             unlesse
             they
             be
             in
             other
             office
             under
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             take
             of
             him
             such
             fees
             as
             whereby
             they
             may
             live
             honestly
             ,
             and
             well
             ,
             shall
             receive
             of
             the
             King
             every
             day
             a
             marke
             for
             their
             expences
             ,
             to
             be
             divided
             betweene
             them
             by
             equall
             portions
             ,
             unlesse
             they
             be
             at
             the
             Kings
             board
             ,
             otherwise
             halfe
             a
             mark
             a
             day
             ,
             during
             all
             the
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Touching
             the
             five
             Clarkes
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
           
             The
             King
             shall
             assigne
             or
             appoint
             five
             skilfull
             Clerks
             :
             the
             first
             whereof
             shal
             be
             Minister
             to
             ,
             and
             serve
             the
             Bishops
             .
             The
             second
             ,
             the
             Proctors
             of
             the
             Clergie
             ,
             or
             the
             Clerks
             of
             the
             Convocation
             house
             .
             The
             third
             ,
             the
             Earles
             and
             Barons
             .
             The
             fourth
             ,
             the
             Knights
             of
             the
             Shire
             .
             The
             fifth
             the
             Citizens
             and
             Burgesses
             :
             and
             every
             one
             of
             them
             unlesse
             he
             be
             with
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             take
             of
             him
             such
             a
             fee
             ,
             or
             such
             Revenews
             that
             hee
             may
             thereupon
             live
             honestly
             ,
             hee
             may
             take
             by
             the
             day
             two
             shillings
             of
             the
             King
             ,
             unlesse
             hee
             be
             of
             the
             Kings
             board
             ,
             if
             he
             be
             ,
             then
             to
             have
             but
             twelve
             pence
             ;
             which
             Clerks
             shall
             write
             the
             doubts
             and
             answers
             ,
             that
             they
             which
             shal
             be
             present
             at
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             make
             to
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             at
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             
             and
             communicate
             their
             Counsells
             unto
             them
             ,
             whensoever
             they
             will
             have
             them
             ;
             and
             when
             they
             shall
             be
             at
             leasure
             ,
             they
             will
             send
             the
             principall
             Clerks
             to
             inroll
             them
             .
          
        
         
           
             Concerning
             Cases
             and
             Judgements
             which
             are
             heard
             .
             
          
           
             When
             a
             cause
             of
             Truce
             ,
             
             doubt
             ,
             or
             hard
             case
             of
             peace
             or
             warre
             doth
             break
             forth
             ,
             or
             otherwise
             ,
             the
             case
             be
             referred
             in
             writing
             in
             full
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             left
             it
             to
             be
             handled
             and
             disputed
             there
             between
             the
             Peeres
             or
             equalls
             ;
             and
             if
             it
             be
             needfull
             ,
             let
             it
             be
             enjoyned
             by
             the
             King
             ,
             or
             on
             the
             Kings
             part
             ,
             if
             the
             King
             be
             not
             present
             to
             every
             degree
             of
             Peeres
             or
             equalls
             ,
             that
             every
             degree
             it selfe
             may
             goe
             there
             to
             it selfe
             ,
             and
             let
             that
             case
             be
             delivered
             to
             their
             Clerke
             in
             writing
             ,
             and
             let
             them
             cause
             the
             case
             to
             be
             recited
             before
             them
             ,
             so
             that
             they
             doe
             ordaine
             ,
             and
             consider
             among
             themselves
             how
             ,
             and
             after
             what
             sort
             they
             may
             better
             proceed
             ,
             and
             more
             justly
             in
             that
             case
             ,
             as
             they
             for
             the
             person
             of
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             their
             own
             persons
             ,
             and
             the
             persons
             also
             of
             those
             whom
             they
             represent
             will
             answer
             before
             
               God
            
             ;
             let
             them
             bring
             their
             answer
             and
             advise
             in
             writing
             ,
             and
             let
             them
             proceed
             in
             all
             their
             Answers
             ,
             Councels
             and
             advises
             heard
             of
             either
             side
             ,
             or
             to
             and
             fro
             (
             as
             we
             said
             )
             according
             to
             better
             and
             more
             sound
             counsell
             and
             judgement
             ;
             and
             when
             at
             the
             least
             the
             greater
             part
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             doth
             
             agree
             .
             And
             if
             by
             the
             discord
             between
             the
             King
             and
             some
             Noblemen
             themselves
             ,
             either
             the
             people
             may
             be
             weakned
             ,
             or
             the
             Countrey
             may
             be
             troubled
             ;
             so
             that
             it
             seem
             to
             the
             King
             his
             Councell
             ,
             that
             it
             were
             expedient
             the
             businesse
             be
             handled
             and
             amended
             by
             consideration
             of
             all
             the
             Peeres
             of
             the
             Kingdome
             .
             Or
             if
             through
             warre
             the
             King
             or
             Kingdome
             might
             be
             troubled
             ;
             or
             if
             a
             hard
             case
             doe
             come
             before
             the
             Chancellour
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             or
             a
             matter
             hard
             to
             be
             judged
             of
             shall
             be
             brought
             before
             the
             Justices
             ,
             or
             such
             like
             :
             or
             if
             perhaps
             in
             such
             deliberations
             all
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             the
             greater
             part
             cannot
             agree
             ,
             then
             the
             Earle
             that
             is
             Steward
             ,
             the
             Earle
             that
             is
             Constable
             ,
             and
             the
             Earle
             Marshall
             ,
             or
             two
             of
             them
             ,
             shall
             choose
             five
             and
             twenty
             persons
             of
             all
             the
             Peeres
             of
             the
             Kingdome
             ;
             and
             three
             Proctors
             or
             Clerks
             of
             the
             Convocation
             house
             ,
             for
             the
             whole
             Clergie
             :
             two
             Earles
             and
             three
             Barons
             :
             five
             Knights
             of
             the
             Shire
             ;
             five
             Citizens
             and
             Burgesses
             ,
             who
             make
             five
             and
             twenty
             ;
             and
             those
             five
             and
             twenty
             may
             choose
             ,
             if
             they
             will
             ,
             twelve
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             condiscend
             to
             them
             ;
             and
             those
             twelve
             choose
             six
             ,
             and
             condiscend
             no
             fewer
             ,
             unlesse
             license
             be
             obtayned
             from
             the
             Lord
             the
             King
             .
             And
             if
             the
             King
             consent
             to
             three
             ,
             these
             three
             may
             condescend
             to
             two
             ,
             and
             may
             descend
             to
             another
             ,
             and
             so
             at
             length
             his
             Ordinance
             shall
             stand
             above
             the
             whole
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             so
             condescend
             from
             twenty
             and
             five
             persons
             to
             one
             onely
             person
             ,
             unlesse
             the
             greater
             number
             will
             agree
             and
             ordaine
             ,
             at
             the
             length
             ,
             one
             person
             ,
             as
             is
             said
             ,
             shall
             agree
             for
             all
             ,
             
             who
             cannot
             disagree
             from
             himselfe
             .
             This
             being
             observed
             ,
             and
             also
             reserved
             ,
             the
             King
             and
             his
             Councell
             ,
             that
             they
             may
             examine
             and
             amend
             such
             Ordinance
             after
             them
             which
             shall
             be
             written
             ,
             if
             they
             know
             how
             to
             doe
             it
             ,
             and
             will
             performe
             it
             ;
             yet
             so
             ,
             as
             they
             doe
             it
             there
             in
             full
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             by
             the
             consent
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             not
             contrary
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Touching
             the
             Order
             of
             deliberating
             businesse
             in
             the
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             The
             businesse
             for
             which
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             ought
             to
             be
             deliberated
             on
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             Calendar
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             according
             to
             the
             Petitions
             ,
             and
             affiled
             ,
             no
             respect
             being
             had
             to
             any
             person
             ;
             let
             him
             first
             handle
             his
             cause
             that
             first
             propounded
             it
             .
             In
             the
             Kalendar
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             there
             ought
             to
             be
             rehearsed
             ,
             all
             the
             businesses
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             that
             after
             this
             order
             :
          
           
             First
             ,
             concerning
             Warre
             (
             if
             there
             be
             any
             Warre
             )
             and
             concerning
             the
             other
             businesses
             ,
             touching
             the
             persons
             of
             the
             King
             ,
             of
             the
             Queen
             ,
             and
             of
             their
             Children
             .
          
           
             Secondly
             ,
             concerning
             the
             commonbusinesses
             of
             the
             Kingdome
             ,
             as
             of
             making
             Laws
             ,
             when
             there
             shal
             be
             lacke
             of
             Law
             originall
             ,
             judiciall
             ,
             or
             executory
             of
             particular
             persons
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             the
             businesse
             of
             particular
             persons
             ,
             and
             that
             according
             to
             the
             Petitions
             offered
             ,
             as
             is
             aforesaid
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             Touching
             the
             dayes
             and
             houres
             of
             the
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             The
             
               Parliament
            
             ought
             not
             to
             be
             held
             on
             the
             
               Lords
               day
               ,
            
             but
             on
             the
             other
             dayes
             following
             ;
             that
             day
             alwayes
             excepted
             ,
             and
             three
             other
             ,
             to
             wit
             ,
             of
             
               All
               Saints
               ,
            
             of
             
               All
               Soules
               ,
            
             and
             of
             the
             
               Nativity
            
             of
             Saint
             
               Iohn
               Baptist
               .
            
             It
             may
             be
             held
             ,
             and
             ought
             every
             day
             to
             begin
             at
             one
             of
             the
             clocke
             in
             the
             afternoone
             ,
             at
             which
             houre
             the
             King
             is
             to
             be
             present
             at
             the
             
               Parliment
               ,
            
             and
             all
             the
             Peeres
             of
             the
             Kingdome
             .
             The
             
               Parliament
            
             ought
             to
             be
             held
             in
             a
             publique
             place
             ,
             and
             not
             in
             a
             private
             or
             secret
             place
             .
             In
             the
             Holy
             dayes
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             ought
             to
             begin
             at
             one
             of
             the
             clock
             ,
             because
             of
             divine
             service
             .
          
        
         
           
             Touching
             the
             Porters
             of
             the
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             The
             principall
             Porter
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             shall
             stand
             beneath
             the
             great
             Gate
             of
             the
             Monastery
             ,
             Hall
             ,
             or
             other
             place
             ,
             where
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             is
             held
             ,
             and
             must
             keep
             the
             dore
             ,
             so
             that
             none
             come
             into
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             :
             but
             he
             which
             ought
             to
             come
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             or
             shall
             be
             called
             for
             the
             businesse
             which
             he
             followeth
             in
             
               Parliament
            
             ;
             and
             it
             behooveth
             that
             the
             party
             have
             knowledge
             of
             the
             persons
             which
             should
             come
             in
             ,
             so
             that
             none
             at
             all
             be
             
             denyed
             entrance
             ,
             which
             is
             bound
             to
             be
             present
             at
             the
             
               Parliament
               .
            
             And
             the
             Porter
             ought
             ,
             if
             it
             be
             needfull
             ,
             to
             have
             more
             Porters
             under
             him
             .
          
        
         
           
             Touching
             the
             Cryer
             of
             the
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             The
             Cryer
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             shall
             stand
             without
             the
             dore
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             the
             Porter
             shall
             declare
             to
             him
             their
             Cryers
             .
          
           
             The
             King
             was
             wont
             to
             assigne
             Sergeants
             at
             Armes
             ,
             to
             stand
             a
             great
             while
             together
             without
             the
             doore
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             to
             make
             the
             doore
             ,
             so
             that
             none
             should
             make
             thrusting
             or
             tumults
             about
             the
             doore
             ,
             by
             which
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             might
             be
             hindred
             ,
             upon
             pain
             of
             taking
             of
             their
             bodies
             ,
             because
             of
             right
             the
             dore
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             ought
             not
             to
             be
             shut
             ,
             but
             to
             be
             kept
             by
             Porters
             ,
             or
             Kings
             Sergeants
             at
             Armes
             .
          
        
         
           
             Touching
             the
             standing
             of
             them
             that
             speake
             in
             the
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             All
             the
             Peeres
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             shall
             sit
             ,
             and
             none
             shall
             stand
             ,
             but
             when
             he
             speaketh
             ;
             so
             that
             every
             one
             of
             the
             
               Parli●ment
            
             may
             heare
             him
             .
             None
             shall
             enter
             into
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             nor
             goe
             out
             o●Parliament
             
               ,
            
             but
             by
             one
             door
             :
             and
             whensoever
             he
             speaketh
             any
             thing
             which
             ought
             to
             be
             deliberated
             on
             by
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             All
             they
             that
             speak
             shall
             stand
             ,
             the
             cause
             is
             that
             he
             may
             be
             heard
             of
             the
             Peeres
             ;
             all
             which
             Peeres
             are
             judges
             and
             Justices
             ,
             
               &c.
               
            
          
        
         
         
           
             Touching
             the
             help
             and
             ayd
             appointed
             for
             the
             King
             .
          
           
             The
             King
             was
             not
             wont
             to
             require
             help
             or
             ayd
             of
             his
             Kingdome
             ,
             unlesse
             it
             were
             for
             Warre
             at
             hand
             ,
             or
             for
             making
             his
             Sons
             Knights
             ,
             or
             for
             marriages
             of
             his
             Daughters
             ;
             and
             then
             he
             ought
             to
             require
             such
             helpe
             in
             full
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             to
             deliver
             it
             in
             writing
             to
             every
             degree
             of
             the
             Peeres
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             to
             answer
             the
             same
             in
             writing
             .
             And
             we
             must
             know
             that
             for
             the
             granting
             of
             such
             helps
             and
             ayd
             ,
             it
             behooveth
             that
             all
             the
             Peeres
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             agree
             .
             And
             we
             must
             understand
             that
             two
             Knights
             which
             come
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             for
             the
             Shires
             and
             County
             out
             of
             which
             they
             come
             ,
             have
             a
             greater
             yoyce
             in
             
               Parliament
            
             to
             grant
             ,
             then
             the
             greatest
             Earle
             in
             
               England
            
             :
             and
             after
             the
             same
             manner
             the
             Proctors
             for
             the
             Clergie
             ,
             or
             Clerks
             of
             the
             Convocation
             house
             :
             for
             one
             Bishopricke
             have
             a
             greater
             voyce
             in
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             if
             they
             all
             agree
             ,
             then
             the
             Bishop
             himselfe
             .
             And
             this
             is
             true
             in
             all
             things
             which
             ought
             to
             be
             granted
             or
             denyed
             to
             the
             party
             or
             are
             to
             be
             done
             therein
             .
             And
             this
             is
             manifest
             because
             the
             King
             may
             hold
             
               Parliament
            
             with
             the
             Communalty
             and
             Commons
             of
             the
             King
             some
             without
             Bishops
             ,
             Earles
             ,
             and
             Barons
             ,
             yet
             so
             ,
             as
             they
             be
             summoned
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
               .
            
             Although
             no
             Bishop
             ,
             Earle
             or
             Baron
             ,
             come
             according
             to
             their
             Summons
             ,
             because
             in
             times
             past
             ,
             neither
             was
             there
             Bishop
             ,
             Earle
             nor
             Baron
             ;
             and
             yet
             even
             then
             Kings
             
             kept
             their
             
               Parliament
            
             :
             but
             it
             is
             farre
             otherwise
             ,
             on
             the
             other
             side
             ;
             for
             though
             the
             Communalty
             ,
             to
             wit
             ,
             Laity
             and
             Clergie
             were
             summoned
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             (
             as
             of
             right
             they
             ought
             to
             be
             )
             yet
             for
             some
             certaine
             causes
             they
             would
             not
             come
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             would
             pretend
             that
             the
             King
             did
             not
             govern
             them
             as
             he
             ought
             ,
             and
             would
             in
             speciality
             point
             out
             the
             Articles
             in
             which
             he
             misgoverned
             them
             ,
             as
             he
             ought
             :
             not
             that
             then
             that
             
               Parliament
            
             is
             utterly
             none
             at
             al
             ,
             though
             the
             Arch-bishops
             ,
             Bishops
             ,
             Earles
             ,
             Barons
             ,
             and
             all
             their
             Peeres
             and
             equalls
             were
             there
             with
             the
             King
             present
             at
             it
             :
             and
             therefore
             all
             things
             which
             are
             to
             be
             affirmed
             or
             informed
             ;
             granted
             or
             denyed
             ,
             or
             to
             be
             done
             by
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             must
             be
             granted
             by
             the
             Communalty
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             which
             standeth
             upon
             three
             degrees
             or
             sorts
             gathered
             together
             in
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             the
             Procters
             of
             the
             Cleargie
             ,
             the
             Knights
             of
             the
             Shires
             ,
             the
             Citizens
             and
             Burgesses
             ;
             who
             indeed
             represent
             the
             whole
             Communalty
             of
             
               England
            
             ;
             and
             next
             upon
             the
             Noble
             men
             ,
             because
             every
             one
             of
             them
             is
             at
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             in
             his
             own
             proper
             person
             ,
             and
             non
             other
             .
          
        
         
           
             Tonching
             the
             departure
             ,
             or
             breaking
             up
             of
             the
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             The
             
               Parliament
            
             should
             not
             depart
             so
             long
             as
             any
             Petition
             made
             thereto
             hangeth
             undiscussed
             ,
             or
             undecided
             ,
             or
             at
             the
             least
             to
             which
             there
             is
             not
             made
             a
             determinate
             answere
             :
             The
             Kings
             Majesty
             
             being
             desirous
             of
             his
             Grace
             and
             favour
             to
             give
             the
             Subject
             redresse
             of
             any
             injury
             and
             not
             to
             suffer
             his
             people
             to
             goe
             unsatisfied
             .
             None
             of
             all
             the
             Peeres
             or
             equalls
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             may
             or
             ought
             to
             depart
             alone
             from
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             unlesse
             he
             have
             obtained
             (
             and
             that
             in
             full
             
               Parliament
            
             )
             leave
             of
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             of
             all
             his
             Peeres
             or
             equalls
             ,
             so
             to
             do
             ,
             and
             that
             withall
             there
             be
             a
             remembrance
             kept
             in
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             roll
             of
             such
             leave
             and
             liberty
             granted
             .
             And
             if
             any
             of
             the
             Peeres
             or
             equalls
             ,
             during
             the
             time
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             shall
             be
             sicke
             or
             weake
             ,
             so
             as
             he
             is
             not
             able
             to
             come
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             then
             he
             must
             three
             dayes
             together
             send
             such
             as
             may
             excuse
             him
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             :
             but
             if
             they
             come
             not
             ,
             then
             let
             there
             be
             sent
             from
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             two
             of
             his
             Peeres
             or
             equalls
             to
             goe
             ,
             and
             to
             certifie
             of
             his
             infirmity
             .
             And
             if
             there
             be
             any
             suspicion
             ,
             let
             these
             two
             Peeres
             or
             equalls
             be
             sworn
             ,
             that
             they
             shall
             speak
             the
             truth
             concerning
             the
             same
             :
             and
             if
             it
             be
             found
             out
             that
             he
             did
             faine
             or
             counterfeit
             ,
             let
             him
             atturney
             or
             appoint
             some
             sufficient
             man
             before
             them
             to
             be
             present
             at
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             his
             stead
             ,
             if
             he
             will
             :
             neither
             can
             he
             be
             further
             excused
             if
             he
             be
             of
             sound
             memory
             .
          
        
         
           
             Departing
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
            
          
           
             Ought
             to
             be
             in
             such
             a
             manner
             :
             first
             it
             ought
             to
             be
             demanded
             ,
             yea
             and
             publikly
             proclaimed
             in
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             &
             within
             the
             Pallace
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             whether
             there
             be
             any
             that
             hath
             delivered
             a
             petition
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             and
             hath
             not
             received
             answere
             thereto
             ;
             If
             there
             be
             none
             such
             ,
             it
             is
             to
             be
             
             supposed
             ,
             that
             every
             one
             is
             satisfied
             ,
             or
             els
             answered
             unto
             al
             the
             least
             ,
             so
             far
             forth
             as
             by
             law
             hee
             may
             be
             .
          
        
         
           
             Touching
             the
             Transcript
             or
             writing
             out
             of
             
               Records
               ,
            
             and
             Processe
             made
             in
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
           
             The
             Clarke
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             shall
             not
             deny
             to
             any
             man
             a
             Transcript
             or
             Copy
             of
             his
             Processe
             ,
             or
             Processe
             in
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             if
             he
             do
             desire
             it
             ,
             and
             the
             Clarke
             shall
             take
             alwaies
             for
             ten
             lynes
             but
             one
             penny
             ,
             unlesse
             happily
             that
             he
             that
             requireth
             the
             transcript
             will
             give
             his
             faith
             ,
             that
             he
             is
             not
             able
             to
             give
             it
             ,
             and
             in
             that
             case
             he
             shall
             take
             nothing
             .
             The
             Role
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             should
             containe
             in
             breadth
             ten
             Inches
             ;
             and
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             shall
             be
             held
             in
             what
             place
             it
             shall
             please
             the
             King
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             the
             degrees
             of
             the
             Peeres
             or
             equals
             of
             the
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
           
             The
             King
             is
             the
             head
             ,
             the
             beginning
             and
             the
             ending
             ,
             and
             so
             he
             hath
             not
             any
             Peere
             or
             equall
             .
          
           
             The
             second
             degree
             is
             of
             Arch-Bishops
             ,
             Bishops
             ,
             Abbots
             &c.
             holding
             by
             Baroniet
             .
          
           
             The
             third
             is
             of
             Proctors
             of
             the
             Cleargie
             ,
             or
             Clarkes
             of
             the
             Convocation
             .
          
           
             The
             fourth
             is
             of
             Earles
             ,
             Barons
             ,
             and
             others
             ,
             great
             and
             noble
             personages
             ,
             as
             aforesaid
             .
          
           
           
             The
             fifth
             degree
             is
             of
             the
             Knights
             of
             the
             Shire
             .
          
           
             The
             sixth
             degree
             is
             of
             Citizens
             and
             Burgesses
             ,
             and
             so
             the
             whole
             
               Parliament
            
             stands
             of
             six
             degrees
             ;
             But
             we
             must
             know
             that
             though
             any
             of
             the
             five
             degrees
             besides
             the
             King
             ,
             shall
             be
             absent
             ,
             yet
             premonished
             by
             summons
             ,
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             is
             taken
             for
             full
             .
          
           
             Thus
             have
             I
             declared
             unto
             you
             the
             ancient
             manner
             and
             custome
             of
             holding
             
               Parliaments
            
             in
             
               England
               ,
            
             to
             cleare
             the
             objection
             of
             some
             that
             say
             ,
             
               Parliaments
            
             are
             not
             of
             that
             antiquity
             .
             I
             shall
             in
             the
             next
             place
             ,
             thinke
             it
             not
             amisse
             ,
             in
             regard
             I
             have
             begun
             to
             speake
             of
             ancient
             dayes
             ,
             to
             give
             you
             some
             satisfaction
             concerning
             some
             old
             customes
             of
             
               England
               .
            
          
        
      
       
       
         
           ANCIENT
           CVSTOMES
           OF
           ENGLAND
           .
        
         
           BEING
           desirous
           for
           my
           own
           particular
           satisfaction
           to
           search
           and
           inquire
           after
           reverenced
           Antiquity
           ,
           it
           was
           my
           happe
           to
           light
           on
           an
           old
           manuscript
           ,
           which
           although
           in
           sound
           is
           Saxon-like
           ,
           yet
           in
           some
           thing
           it
           savours
           of
           the
           Danish
           matters
           ,
           &
           of
           the
           ancient
           British
           Laws
           under
           the
           rule
           and
           government
           of
           the
           Danes
           :
           which
           writing
           writ
           in
           the
           Saxon
           tongue
           ,
           I
           have
           translated
           into
           English
           word
           for
           word
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           true
           sence
           and
           meaning
           thereof
           .
        
         
           IT
           was
           sometimes
           in
           the
           English
           Laws
           ,
           that
           the
           People
           and
           the
           Laws
           were
           in
           Reputation
           :
           and
           then
           were
           the
           wisest
           of
           the
           People
           Worship-worthy
           ,
           each
           in
           his
           degree
           ,
           Lorle
           and
           Chorle
           ,
           Theyn
           and
           underthem
           .
           And
           if
           a
           Chorle
           so
           thriued
           that
           he
           had
           full
           fiue
           hides
           of
           his
           own
           Land
           ,
           a
           Church
           and
           a
           Kitchen
           ,
           a
           Bell-house
           &
           a
           Gate
           ,
           a
           seat
           &
           severall
           
           offices
           in
           the
           Kings
           Hall
           ;
           then
           was
           he
           thenceforth
           the
           Theyns
           right
           worthy
           .
           And
           if
           a
           Theyn
           so
           thrived
           that
           he
           served
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           on
           his
           message
           ,
           or
           journey
           rod
           in
           his
           houshold
           ;
           if
           then
           he
           had
           a
           Theyne
           that
           him
           followed
           ,
           who
           to
           the
           Kings
           expedition
           fiue
           hide
           had
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           Kings
           Pallac
           his
           Lord
           seru'd
           ,
           and
           there
           with
           his
           errand
           had
           gone
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           he
           might
           after
           ward
           with
           his
           fore
           Dath
           his
           Lords
           part
           play
           at
           any
           need
           .
           And
           if
           an
           Theyn
           so
           thriued
           ,
           that
           he
           became
           an
           Earle
           ,
           then
           was
           he
           right
           forth
           an
           Earle
           right
           worthy
           .
           And
           if
           a
           Merchant
           so
           thriued
           that
           he
           passed
           thrice
           ouer
           the
           wide
           Sea
           of
           his
           own
           craft
           ,
           he
           was
           thenceforth
           the
           Theyns
           right
           worthy
           :
           And
           if
           a
           Scholler
           so
           thriued
           through
           learning
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           degree
           ,
           and
           serued
           Christ
           ,
           he
           was
           thenceforth
           of
           dignity
           and
           peace
           so
           much
           worthy
           as
           there
           to
           belonged
           ,
           unlesse
           he
           torfeited
           so
           ,
           that
           he
           the
           use
           of
           his
           dignity
           might
           be
           taken
           from
           him
           .
        
         
           These
           ruines
           of
           Antiquity
           make
           shew
           of
           a
           perpetuity
           of
           Nobility
           ,
           even
           from
           the
           beginning
           of
           this
           Iland
           :
           but
           times
           are
           changed
           ,
           and
           we
           in
           them
           also
           .
           For
           King
           
             Edward
          
           the
           Confessor
           ,
           last
           of
           the
           Saxon
           blood
           ,
           coming
           out
           of
           
             Normandy
             ,
          
           bringing
           in
           then
           the
           title
           of
           
             Baron
             ,
          
           the
           Thayne
           from
           that
           time
           began
           to
           grow
           out
           of
           use
           ;
           so
           at
           this
           day
           men
           remember
           not
           so
           much
           as
           the
           names
           of
           them
           .
           And
           in
           processe
           of
           time
           ,
           the
           name
           of
           Baronage
           began
           
           be
           both
           in
           dignity
           and
           power
           so
           magnificent
           above
           the
           rest
           ;
           as
           that
           in
           the
           name
           of
           the
           Baronage
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           all
           the
           Nobility
           of
           the
           Land
           seem'd
           to
           be
           comprehended
           .
           As
           for
           Dukes
           ,
           they
           were
           (
           as
           it
           were
           )
           fetcht
           from
           long
           exile
           ,
           and
           againe
           renew'd
           by
           K.
           
             Edward
          
           the
           third
           .
           And
           Marquesses
           and
           Vicounts
           were
           altogether
           brought
           in
           by
           K.
           
             Richard
          
           the
           second
           ,
           and
           K.
           
             Henry
          
           the
           sixt
           .
        
         
           But
           our
           Kings
           descended
           of
           the
           Norman
           blood
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           Crown
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           granted
           an
           hereditary
           and
           successory
           perpetuity
           unto
           honourable
           titles
           ;
           such
           I
           meane
           as
           are
           the
           titles
           of
           Earldome
           ,
           and
           Baronies
           ,
           without
           any
           difference
           of
           Sex
           at
           all
           ,
           which
           thing
           I
           thought
           good
           to
           make
           manifest
           by
           the
           examples
           of
           the
           more
           ancient
           times
           .
           In
           the
           reckoningup
           whereof
           that
           I
           may
           the
           better
           acquit
           and
           discharge
           my selfe
           ,
           I
           shall
           in
           the
           First
           place
           desire
           the
           Reader
           to
           observe
           three
           things
           .
           First
           ,
           concerning
           the
           disposition
           and
           inclination
           of
           our
           King
           in
           the
           creating
           of
           the
           Nobility
           .
           Second
           ,
           of
           the
           Custome
           of
           transferring
           of
           Honours
           &
           dignities
           by
           Families
           .
           And
           Thirdly
           of
           the
           force
           of
           time
           ,
           and
           the
           change
           and
           alteration
           of
           things
           .
           For
           why
           ,
           our
           Kings
           (
           who
           in
           their
           Kingdomes
           beare
           alone
           the
           absolute
           rule
           and
           sway
           )
           are
           with
           us
           the
           efficient
           causes
           of
           al
           Political
           Nobility
           .
           The
           titles
           of
           named
           Nobility
           by
           our
           Custome
           ,
           have
           this
           naturall
           and
           common
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           Crown
           it selfe
           ,
           that
           the
           Heires
           Males
           fayling
           ,
           they
           devolve
           unto
           the
           Women
           except
           in
           the
           first
           Charters
           it
           be
           in
           expresse
           words
           otherwise
           
           provided
           ;
           and
           yet
           so
           that
           regard
           is
           alwayes
           to
           be
           had
           of
           the
           time
           ,
           which
           is
           every where
           wont
           to
           beare
           sway
           in
           the
           formality
           of
           things
           .
        
         
           In
           this
           manner
           (
           
             Harold
          
           being
           overcome
           )
           
             William
          
           the
           first
           King
           ,
           and
           Conquerour
           ,
           having
           obtained
           the
           Soveraignty
           according
           to
           his
           pleasure
           ,
           bestowed
           dignities
           and
           Honours
           upon
           his
           Companions
           and
           others
           ;
           some
           of
           them
           so
           connext
           and
           conjoynd
           unto
           the
           Fees
           themselves
           ,
           that
           yet
           to
           this
           day
           ,
           the
           possessors
           thereof
           may
           seem
           to
           be
           innobled
           even
           with
           the
           possession
           of
           the
           Places
           only
           :
           as
           our
           Bishops
           at
           this
           day
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           Baronies
           joynd
           unto
           their
           Bishopricks
           ,
           injoy
           the
           title
           and
           preheminence
           of
           Barons
           in
           highest
           Assemblies
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           in
           
             Parliament
          
           :
           he
           gave
           and
           granted
           to
           others
           Dignities
           and
           Honours
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           Lands
           ,
           and
           fees
           themselves
           .
           He
           gave
           to
           
             Hugh
             Lupus
          
           his
           Kinsman
           (
           a
           Norman
           )
           the
           Earldome
           of
           
             Chester
             .
             Ad
             conquirendum
             et
             tenendum
             sibi
             &
             Haeredibus
             ,
             adeolibere
             per
             gladium
             ,
             sicut
             ipse
             Rex
             tenuit
             Angliam
             per
             Coronam
             .
          
           To
           
             Hanus
             Rufus
          
           (
           then
           Earle
           of
           
             Brettaine
          
           in
           
             France
          
           )
           and
           his
           Heires
           the
           Earledom
           of
           
             Richmond
             .
             It
             a
             libere
             et
             honorifice
             ,
             uteundem
             Edwinus
             .
             Comes
             anteatenuerat
             .
          
           And
           the
           Earledome
           of
           
             Arundell
          
           (
           which
           
             Harald
          
           poessessed
           )
           he
           granted
           ,
           with
           a
           fee
           unto
           
             Roger
          
           of
           
             Montgomery
             .
          
           The
           first
           two
           of
           which
           Honours
           (
           the
           Heires
           male
           fayling
           )
           by
           Women
           passed
           unto
           other
           Families
           :
           But
           the
           latter
           Earldome
           ,
           
             Robert
          
           the
           Son
           of
           
             Roger
          
           being
           attainted
           of
           Treason
           ,
           returned
           unto
           King
           
             Henry
          
           the
           First
           ,
           who
           gave
           the
           same
           in
           Dowry
           unto
           Queen
           
             Adeliza
          
           his
           wife
           .
           But
           the
           
           succeeding
           Kings
           ,
           more
           sparingly
           bestowed
           such
           dignities
           ,
           to
           be
           holden
           of
           them
           in
           Fee
           ,
           granting
           for
           the
           better
           and
           more
           honourable
           maintenance
           of
           their
           stocke
           add
           honour
           ,
           the
           third
           part
           of
           the
           pleas
           of
           the
           Countie
           (
           as
           they
           term
           it
           )
           which
           they
           in
           their
           Charters
           cal
           
             Tertium
             denarium
             ,
          
           or
           the
           third
           penny
           :
           so
           that
           he
           that
           received
           the
           third
           penny
           of
           any
           province
           ,
           was
           called
           Earle
           of
           the
           same
           ;
           and
           so
           by
           custome
           the
           Women
           ,
           the
           Heires
           male
           fayling
           .
        
         
           And
           if
           any
           Earle
           or
           Baron
           dying
           without
           Sons
           ,
           had
           many
           Women
           his
           heires
           ,
           howsoever
           order
           was
           taken
           either
           by
           way
           of
           Covenant
           ,
           or
           partition
           ,
           concerning
           the
           Lands
           &
           possessions
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Common
           Laws
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           yet
           the
           dignitie
           and
           Honour
           (
           a
           thing
           of
           it selfe
           indivisable
           )
           was
           still
           left
           to
           be
           dispos'd
           of
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Kings
           pleasure
           ,
           who
           in
           bestowing
           there
           of
           usually
           respected
           the
           prerogative
           of
           birth
           :
           by
           which
           right
           ,
           K.
           
             Henry
          
           the
           third
           after
           the
           death
           of
           
             Iohn
          
           the
           Scot
           ,
           dead
           without
           issue
           (
           other
           Lands
           and
           revenews
           being
           by
           agreement
           given
           to
           his
           three
           Sisters
           )
           united
           the
           Earldom
           of
           
             Chester
          
           with
           the
           honour
           thereof
           unto
           the
           Crown
           .
           This
           is
           manifest
           in
           the
           Earldome
           of
           
             Arundell
             ,
          
           which
           (
           after
           
             Robert
             Be
             lisme
          
           Son
           to
           the
           aforesaid
           
             Roger
             Mountgomery
          
           driven
           out
           by
           
             Henry
          
           the
           first
           )
           K.
           
             Henry
          
           the
           second
           bestowed
           upon
           
             william
          
           of
           
             Albine
             .
          
           Q.
           
             Adeliza
          
           his
           Mothers
           husband
           ,
           and
           by
           a
           new
           Charter
           ,
           confirmd
           it
           in
           fee
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           Inheritance
           to
           him
           and
           his
           Heires
           ,
           with
           the
           third
           pleas
           of
           
             Sussex
             ,
          
           whereof
           he
           created
           him
           Earle
           .
           But
           
             Hugh
          
           the
           great
           ,
           Nephew
           
           of
           this
           
             william
          
           the
           first
           being
           dead
           without
           issue
           ,
           all
           the
           Earldome
           was
           divided
           among
           his
           foure
           Sisters
           ,
           whose
           dignitie
           and
           honour
           for
           all
           that
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           Castle
           of
           
             Arundel
             ,
          
           was
           by
           
             Edward
          
           the
           first
           ,
           at
           length
           given
           to
           
             Richard
             Fitz-Alan
          
           (
           the
           Nephews
           Sonne
           to
           
             Iohn
             Fitz-Alan
             ,
          
           and
           
             Isabell
          
           the
           second
           of
           the
           aforesaid
           Sisters
           .
        
         
           I
           will
           now
           passe
           from
           
             Henry
          
           the
           third
           to
           
             Edward
          
           the
           first
           his
           Sonne
           ,
           there
           being
           for
           a
           time
           great
           dissention
           betwixt
           him
           and
           certaine
           of
           his
           Nobility
           ,
           
             viz.
             Gilbert
          
           of
           
             Clare
          
           Earle
           of
           
             Hartford
          
           and
           of
           
             Glocester
             :
             Humphrey
          
           of
           
             Bohun
          
           Earle
           of
           
             Hereford
          
           and
           
             Sussex
             ,
          
           and
           Constable
           of
           
             England
          
           ;
           and
           
             Roger
             Bigod
          
           Earle
           of
           
             Norfolke
             ,
          
           Marshall
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           :
           and
           that
           all
           those
           Noblemen
           at
           length
           ,
           had
           lost
           their
           Earldoms
           and
           Offices
           ,
           they
           being
           reconcil'd
           to
           the
           King
           ;
           afterward
           they
           againe
           by
           new
           Charters
           received
           the
           same
           in
           this
           manner
           .
           The
           first
           of
           them
           to
           himselfe
           and
           
             Ioane
          
           his
           Wife
           ,
           the
           same
           
             K.
          
           Daughter
           ,
           his
           second
           wife
           ,
           for
           term
           of
           both
           their
           lives
           ;
           &
           to
           the
           children
           to
           be
           by
           both
           of
           them
           begoten
           (
           his
           two
           Daughters
           by
           his
           first
           wife
           being
           excluded
           .
           )
           This
           
             Ioane
          
           (
           called
           
             Ioane
          
           of
           
             Acon
          
           )
           bare
           unto
           h●…
           thusand
           
             Gilbert
          
           a
           Sonne
           called
           also
           
             Gilbert
          
           ;
           but
           she
           the
           second
           time
           secretly
           marryed
           unto
           one
           
             Ridulph
             ,
          
           of
           
             Mont
             Hermeri
          
           (
           without
           the
           King
           her
           Fathers
           knowledge
           )
           and
           in
           her
           own
           right
           ,
           made
           the
           same
           
             Radulph
          
           Earle
           so
           long
           as
           she
           lived
           :
           but
           she
           being
           dead
           ,
           
             Gilbert
          
           her
           Sonne
           by
           the
           aforesaid
           
             Gilbert
          
           succeeded
           againe
           into
           the
           Earldome
           ,
           
             Radulph
          
           his
           Father
           in
           Law
           being
           yet
           alive
           .
           In
           the
           same
           mannner
           
           he
           restored
           to
           the
           aforesaid
           
             Humphrey
          
           of
           
             Bohun
          
           his
           Earldome
           and
           Constableship
           ,
           unto
           whom
           he
           also
           gave
           in
           Marriage
           
             Elizabeth
          
           another
           of
           his
           Daughters
           ,
           Widdow
           ,
           to
           
             Iohn
          
           Earle
           of
           
             Holland
          
           :
           and
           to
           the
           third
           he
           restored
           the
           Earldome
           of
           
             Norfolke
             ,
          
           and
           the
           Office
           of
           Marshal
           ,
           with
           the
           yearly
           increase
           of
           a
           thousand
           marks
           ,
           upon
           condition
           if
           the
           heires
           male
           of
           his
           body
           to
           be
           begotten
           fayling
           ,
           both
           should
           return
           againe
           to
           the
           King
           .
           At
           length
           this
           
             Roger
          
           dyed
           without
           issue
           ,
           in
           the
           xxxv
           .
           yeare
           of
           him
           ,
           the
           said
           
             Edward
          
           the
           first
           ,
           
             viz.
          
           in
           the
           last
           yeare
           of
           his
           raigne
           :
           and
           K.
           
             Edward
          
           his
           Sonne
           ,
           the
           second
           of
           that
           name
           ,
           both
           by
           a
           new
           Creation
           and
           Charter
           ,
           gave
           the
           Earldome
           and
           the
           Marshallship
           to
           
             Thomas
          
           of
           
             Brotherton
             ,
          
           and
           his
           heire
           male
           .
        
         
           These
           things
           I
           have
           thus
           propounded
           ,
           thereby
           to
           shew
           how
           according
           to
           the
           diverse
           dispositions
           of
           Princes
           ,
           and
           change
           of
           times
           ,
           it
           hath
           by
           little
           and
           little
           varied
           in
           the
           first
           bestowing
           of
           dignities
           and
           honours
           :
           Of
           which
           thing
           (
           that
           new
           Law
           )
           and
           to
           them
           of
           ancient
           time
           unknown
           ,
           made
           by
           King
           
             Edward
          
           the
           first
           ,
           seemeth
           afterward
           to
           be
           of
           no
           small
           moment
           ,
           whereby
           ,
           he
           favouring
           certaine
           private
           men
           ,
           more
           carefull
           of
           their
           own
           sirname
           ,
           then
           of
           their
           posterity
           ,
           it
           was
           thought
           good
           by
           him
           to
           decree
           to
           make
           Fees
           to
           belong
           to
           men
           only
           .
           That
           Law
           which
           I
           would
           in
           latine
           call
           
             Gentilitium
             Municipale
             ,
          
           and
           which
           the
           Lawyers
           commonly
           call
           
             Mis
             taliatum
             ,
          
           and
           
             Talliabile
          
           ;
           or
           the
           Law
           of
           cutting
           off
           :
           for
           that
           it
           cutteth
           off
           Successions
           before
           generall
           ,
           and
           restraineth
           them
           to
           the
           particular
           
           heires
           of
           Families
           ,
           which
           seemeth
           to
           have
           given
           an
           occasion
           of
           change
           in
           the
           giving
           and
           bestowing
           of
           dignities
           and
           honours
           .
           For
           ever
           since
           that
           time
           ,
           in
           the
           Creating
           of
           any
           new
           Earle
           ,
           it
           is
           begun
           to
           be
           altered
           by
           expresse
           words
           in
           all
           Charters
           ,
           provided
           ,
           that
           it
           shal
           be
           but
           for
           terme
           of
           life
           onely
           ,
           or
           discend
           unto
           the
           heires
           males
           alone
           ,
           the
           women
           being
           quite
           excluded
           .
           And
           for
           this
           I
           need
           not
           examples
           to
           prove
           ;
           for
           why
           ,
           the
           thing
           it selfe
           proveth
           the
           same
           .
           But
           the
           force
           and
           efficacie
           of
           this
           Law
           of
           Entaile
           (
           or
           of
           cutting
           off
           )
           I
           have
           thought
           good
           thus
           in
           few
           words
           to
           declare
           .
        
         
           And
           what
           I
           have
           sayd
           concerning
           Earles
           ,
           the
           same
           may
           be
           sayd
           also
           of
           Barons
           ,
           created
           by
           Charters
           ,
           but
           in
           Barons
           created
           by
           Rescripts
           ,
           or
           writs
           of
           summons
           ,
           yet
           resting
           upon
           most
           ancient
           custom
           not
           so
           .
        
         
           For
           in
           them
           (
           one
           onely
           excepted
           ,
           sent
           forth
           to
           
             Henry
             Bromflet
             ,
          
           wherein
           it
           was
           provided
           him
           ,
           that
           same
           
             Henry
          
           and
           his
           heires
           Male
           of
           his
           Body
           ,
           lawfully
           begotten
           ,
           onely
           to
           be
           Barons
           of
           
             Vesey
          
           )
           women
           the
           heires
           Male
           fayling
           ,
           were
           not
           in
           ancient
           time
           forbidden
           ,
           orimbarred
           ,
           but
           that
           they
           might
           be
           accounted
           ,
           and
           by
           name
           stiled
           Honourable
           ,
           with
           the
           preeminence
           of
           the
           dignity
           ,
           and
           calling
           of
           Barons
           :
           and
           after
           they
           had
           borne
           a
           Child
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           ancient
           favour
           of
           our
           Lawes
           ,
           (
           and
           the
           custome
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           )
           graced
           their
           Husbands
           also
           with
           the
           same
           honour
           ,
           and
           with
           the
           same
           by
           Inheritance
           ,
           ennobled
           their
           Children
           ,
           yea
           without
           the
           possessions
           of
           those
           places
           ,
           from
           
           whence
           the
           name
           of
           such
           dignities
           and
           honours
           may
           seeme
           first
           to
           have
           risen
           .
           For
           fees
           and
           Locall
           possessions
           circumscribed
           by
           the
           Law
           ,
           are
           translated
           and
           carried
           from
           one
           family
           unto
           another
           ,
           and
           usually
           enrich
           their
           Lords
           ,
           and
           owners
           ,
           the
           possessors
           thereof
           ,
           but
           yet
           of
           themselves
           neither
           being
           ,
           nor
           take
           away
           nobilitie
           ,
           either
           dative
           or
           native
           ;
           by
           example
           to
           maifest
           these
           things
           ,
           were
           but
           needlesse
           ,
           &
           of
           litle
           consequence
           ,
           for
           why
           ,
           all
           the
           most
           ancient
           Baronies
           ,
           &
           the
           more
           ancient
           sort
           of
           the
           Barons
           at
           this
           day
           ,
           are
           in
           this
           point
           on
           my
           side
           ,
           and
           if
           any
           shall
           object
           against
           me
           in
           this
           point
           ,
           unto
           him
           I
           will
           oppose
           ,
           either
           the
           force
           of
           time
           ,
           or
           the
           carelesnesse
           and
           lack
           of
           looking
           unto
           .
           But
           customes
           are
           still
           like
           themselves
           ,
           nor
           must
           we
           detract
           from
           the
           authority
           of
           Kings
           ,
           who
           although
           they
           have
           such
           supereminent
           ,
           and
           undeterminate
           prerogative
           ,
           as
           that
           they
           may
           seeme
           sometimes
           to
           have
           of
           favour
           granted
           some
           things
           beside
           the
           Law
           ,
           yet
           it
           shall
           nor
           appeare
           them
           ,
           requested
           to
           have
           done
           ,
           or
           yet
           suffered
           to
           have
           been
           done
           ,
           any
           thing
           contrary
           to
           the
           custom
           of
           Stocks
           ,
           and
           Families
           ,
           so
           sometimes
           they
           ,
           not
           regarding
           the
           solemnities
           of
           Ceremonies
           ,
           and
           Charters
           ,
           have
           onely
           by
           their
           becks
           (
           that
           I
           may
           so
           say
           )
           suffered
           dignities
           ,
           and
           honours
           ,
           to
           be
           tranferred
           ,
           as
           in
           
             Ranulph
             Blundevill
          
           Earle
           of
           
             Chester
             ,
          
           and
           of
           
             Lincolne
             ,
          
           to
           be
           seene
           for
           the
           Earldome
           of
           
             chester
             ,
          
           he
           permitted
           after
           the
           manner
           ,
           to
           disceud
           to
           
             Iohn
          
           the
           
             Scot
          
           his
           Nephew
           ,
           by
           
             Maude
          
           the
           elder
           of
           his
           Sisters
           :
           But
           the
           Earledome
           of
           
             Lincolne
          
           (
           the
           King
           thereunto
           consenting
           )
           he
           yet
           alive
           ,
           delivered
           unto
           
             Hawisia
          
           
           another
           of
           his
           Sisters
           ,
           then
           married
           to
           
             Robert
             Quincy
             ,
          
           by
           his
           Deede
           in
           the
           7th
           .
           yeare
           of
           
             Henry
          
           the
           third
           .
        
         
           These
           things
           I
           say
           ,
           were
           of
           old
           and
           ancient
           time
           ,
           but
           at
           this
           day
           not
           so
           ,
           for
           such
           is
           the
           force
           of
           time
           ,
           and
           change
           in
           altering
           the
           formes
           of
           things
           ,
           as
           that
           in
           eating
           out
           of
           the
           old
           ,
           bringeth
           still
           in
           new
           :
           so
           unto
           Earles
           ,
           whom
           we
           said
           in
           ancient
           time
           to
           have
           been
           rewarded
           with
           the
           third
           penny
           of
           the
           province
           ,
           whereof
           they
           were
           Earles
           ,
           to
           maintaine
           their
           honour
           ,
           and
           dignity
           ;
           a
           certaine
           some
           of
           money
           is
           at
           this
           day
           ,
           yearely
           paid
           them
           out
           of
           the
           Exchequer
           ,
           and
           they
           the
           titles
           of
           such
           places
           ,
           as
           wherein
           they
           have
           no
           jurisdiction
           ,
           administration
           ,
           or
           profit
           at
           all
           .
           Barons
           also
           who
           as
           the
           Fathers
           and
           Senators
           in
           ancient
           times
           among
           the
           
             Romans
          
           were
           chosen
           by
           their
           Sestercia
           ,
           were
           in
           like
           manner
           wont
           to
           be
           esteemed
           and
           valued
           by
           Knights
           fees
           ,
           for
           why
           he
           which
           had
           and
           possessed
           thirteene
           Knights
           fees
           ,
           and
           a
           little
           more
           ,
           was
           to
           be
           accounted
           among
           the
           Barons
           ,
           are
           now
           more
           seldom
           times
           chosen
           for
           their
           vertue
           ,
           their
           great
           wealth
           ,
           and
           large
           possessions
           .
        
         
           Neither
           is
           there
           any
           let
           ,
           but
           that
           a
           man
           may
           hould
           and
           still
           retaine
           the
           name
           and
           title
           of
           a
           Barony
           ,
           the
           head
           of
           which
           Barony
           ,
           (
           as
           they
           terme
           it
           )
           he
           hath
           afterward
           sould
           or
           alienated
           to
           some
           other
           common
           person
           .
        
         
           In
           briefe
           ,
           our
           Kings
           Royall
           Majesty
           is
           alwaies
           like
           it selfe
           ,
           constant
           ,
           and
           the
           same
           ,
           which
           having
           regard
           to
           the
           vertue
           ,
           stock
           ,
           wealth
           ,
           and
           substance
           ,
           
           of
           any
           man
           (
           whereby
           he
           may
           with
           his
           counsells
           service
           ,
           profit
           the
           Common-wealth
           )
           may
           in
           every
           place
           freelie
           give
           and
           bestow
           dignities
           and
           honours
           ,
           somtimes
           chusing
           no
           more
           Barons
           then
           one
           ,
           out
           of
           one
           and
           the
           same
           Family
           ,
           The
           custome
           of
           the
           succession
           of
           the
           former
           and
           more
           ancient
           Baron
           ,
           being
           stil
           kept
           whole
           ,
           &
           not
           in
           any
           hurt
           ,
           as
           wee
           see
           ,
           
             Edward
          
           the
           sixt
           ,
           wisely
           to
           have
           done
           in
           the
           family
           of
           the
           
             Willobies
          
           of
           
             Ersby
             ,
          
           brought
           forth
           also
           another
           Barony
           of
           
             Parham
             ,
          
           wherefore
           we
           acknowledge
           our
           Kings
           to
           be
           the
           fountaines
           of
           Politicall
           Nobilitie
           ,
           and
           unto
           whom
           we
           may
           with
           thanks
           refer
           all
           the
           degrees
           of
           honours
           ,
           and
           dignities
           ,
           wherefore
           I
           may
           not
           without
           cause
           seeme
           to
           rejoyce
           ,
           on
           the
           behalfe
           of
           our
           Nobilitie
           of
           great
           
             Brittaine
          
           which
           hath
           had
           alwaies
           Kings
           themselves
           Authors
           ,
           Patrons
           ,
           Governors
           ,
           and
           Defenders
           thereof
           ,
           that
           when
           Lands
           ,
           Fees
           ,
           and
           Possessions
           ,
           subjects
           to
           Covenants
           ,
           or
           agreements
           ,
           are
           still
           tossed
           and
           turmoyl'd
           with
           the
           stormes
           of
           the
           judiciall
           Courts
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           Common
           Law
           ,
           it
           is
           onely
           unto
           the
           Kings
           themselves
           ,
           beholding
           ,
           and
           resteth
           upon
           Heroicall
           orders
           ,
           and
           institutions
           proper
           and
           familiar
           ,
           unto
           it selfe
           ,
           so
           that
           ,
           
             
               Per
               Titulos
               numerentur
               avi
               ,
               semper
               que
               renat
            
             
               Nobilitate
               virent
               ,
               et
               prolem
               fata
               sequantur
               :
            
             
               Continuum
               propriâ
               servantia
               lege
               tenorem
               .
            
          
        
         
           By
           Titles
           great-mens
           Ancestors
           are
           known
           ,
           the
           posterity
           of
           whom
           ,
           injoy
           the
           same
           to
           their
           flourishing
           and
           everlasting
           fame
           .
        
         
         
           
             William
          
           the
           Conqueror
           after
           the
           death
           of
           
             Herold
             ,
          
           having
           confin'd
           the
           Kingdom
           to
           himselfe
           ,
           laid
           these
           foundations
           of
           ancient
           and
           worthy
           Nobility
           ,
           which
           afterwards
           by
           his
           successours
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           divers
           occurrants
           ,
           and
           occasions
           ,
           by
           little
           and
           little
           ,
           became
           at
           length
           in
           the
           raigne
           of
           King
           
             Henry
          
           the
           
             third
             ,
          
           and
           
             Edward
          
           the
           
             first
             ,
          
           to
           appeare
           a
           Godly
           ,
           and
           stately
           building
           ,
           who
           having
           vanquished
           the
           Welsh-men
           ;
           and
           contending
           with
           the
           Scots
           bordering
           upon
           them
           ,
           for
           Principality
           and
           Soveraignety
           ,
           entreating
           of
           all
           things
           concerning
           the
           Common-weale
           ,
           with
           the
           three
           States
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           (
           with
           consisteth
           of
           the
           Nobilitie
           ,
           the
           Cleargie
           ,
           and
           Communaltie
           )
           they
           themselves
           in
           their
           Royall
           majesty
           sitting
           in
           
             Parliaments
             ,
          
           appointed
           unto
           every
           man
           a
           preheminence
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           place
           of
           his
           dignity
           ,
           from
           whom
           especially
           all
           the
           Nobility
           of
           our
           age
           ,
           may
           seeme
           to
           deriue
           the
           diverse
           and
           appointed
           degrees
           of
           dignities
           ,
           and
           honours
           .
        
         
           Now
           to
           abreviate
           much
           that
           might
           be
           writ
           in
           the
           continuance
           of
           this
           discourse
           ,
           I
           shall
           desire
           to
           straighten
           my
           purpose
           to
           some
           handsome
           conclusion
           ,
           by
           the
           observation
           of
           the
           degrees
           and
           sitting
           of
           our
           English
           Nobility
           ,
           in
           the
           
             Parliament
          
           Chamber
           ,
           out
           of
           the
           Statute
           of
           the
           31.
           of
           K.
           
             Henry
          
           the
           8.
           who
           of
           his
           Princely
           wisdome
           ,
           with
           the
           full
           assent
           of
           the
           whole
           
             Parliament
             ,
          
           caused
           a
           perticular
           Act
           to
           be
           made
           ,
           for
           the
           placing
           of
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           in
           the
           upper
           house
           of
           
           
             Parliament
             ,
          
           the
           effect
           whereof
           I
           have
           here
           recited
           .
        
         
           That
           forasmuch
           as
           in
           all
           great
           Assemblies
           and
           Congregations
           of
           men
           ,
           having
           degrees
           and
           offices
           in
           the
           Common-wealth
           ,
           it
           was
           thought
           fit
           and
           convenient
           ,
           that
           order
           should
           be
           taken
           for
           the
           placing
           and
           sitting
           of
           such
           persons
           as
           are
           bound
           to
           resort
           to
           the
           same
           ,
           to
           the
           intent
           that
           they
           knowing
           their
           places
           ,
           might
           use
           the
           same
           without
           displeasure
           ;
           the
           places
           of
           wch
           .
           great
           offices
           deserve
           respect
           and
           admiration
           :
           and
           though
           meerly
           officiarie
           and
           depending
           on
           life
           ,
           and
           the
           Kings
           gracious
           election
           ,
           without
           any
           hereditary
           title
           or
           perfection
           ;
           yet
           are
           they
           of
           such
           high
           dignity
           ,
           that
           all
           hereditary
           honour
           whatsoever
           ,
           under
           the
           degree
           of
           Royalty
           (
           may
           at
           all
           times
           )
           without
           disparagement
           give
           them
           place
           and
           precedencie
           .
           The
           placing
           of
           these
           most
           Noble
           and
           great
           Officers
           both
           in
           the
           
             Parliament
          
           house
           ,
           and
           other
           Assemblies
           ,
           is
           after
           this
           worthy
           and
           distinct
           order
           .
        
         
           That
           is
           to
           say
           ,
           the
           Lord
           Chancellor
           or
           L.
           Keeper
           ,
           the
           L.
           Treasurer
           ,
           the
           L.
           President
           of
           the
           Kings
           Privie
           Councell
           ,
           and
           the
           L.
           Privy
           Seale
           ,
           being
           of
           the
           degree
           of
           Barons
           of
           the
           
             Parliament
          
           or
           above
           to
           sit
           on
           the
           highest
           part
           of
           the
           form
           ,
           on
           the
           left
           side
           in
           the
           
             Parliament
          
           Chamber
           ;
           &
           above
           al
           Dukes
           ,
           except
           those
           wch
           .
           are
           the
           Kings
           Sons
           ;
           the
           Kings
           Brothers
           ,
           his
           Uncles
           ,
           his
           Nephews
           ,
           or
           his
           Brothers
           or
           Sisters
           Sonnes
           :
           but
           if
           any
           of
           these
           foure
           great
           Officers
           aforesaid
           shal
           be
           under
           the
           degree
           of
           a
           Baron
           ,
           then
           he
           or
           they
           to
           sit
           on
           the
           uppermost
           part
           of
           the
           Sackes
           in
           the
           middest
           of
           the
           
             Parliament
          
           Chamber
           ,
           in
           such
           order
           as
           is
           aforeshewed
           .
        
         
         
           As
           touching
           the
           other
           ,
           it
           was
           enacted
           that
           the
           I.
           great
           Chamberlaine
           ,
           the
           L.
           Constable
           ,
           the
           L.
           Marshall
           ,
           the
           L.
           Admirall
           ,
           the
           L.
           Steward
           ,
           and
           the
           L.
           Chamberlaine
           of
           the
           Kings
           houshold
           ,
           shall
           be
           placed
           next
           to
           the
           L.
           Privie
           Seale
           ,
           each
           of
           them
           above
           all
           other
           personages
           ,
           being
           of
           their
           owne
           estates
           or
           degrees
           ;
           and
           holding
           the
           same
           precedence
           ,
           as
           they
           are
           formerly
           named
           .
        
         
           Lastly
           ,
           the
           principall
           Secretary
           being
           of
           the
           degree
           of
           a
           Baron
           ,
           shall
           be
           rang'd
           above
           all
           Barons
           ,
           (
           not
           having
           any
           of
           the
           former
           offices
           also
           )
           and
           this
           range
           and
           precedencie
           to
           continue
           to
           all
           the
           great
           Officers
           in
           generall
           ,
           which
           are
           before
           named
           ;
           both
           in
           
             Parliament
             ,
          
           in
           Councell
           Chamber
           ,
           in
           the
           Starre
           Chamber
           ,
           at
           the
           tryall
           of
           Peeres
           ;
           and
           in
           all
           other
           Assemblies
           whatsoever
           .
        
         
           This
           in
           briefe
           is
           the
           effect
           of
           the
           Statute
           ,
           expressing
           the
           dignity
           and
           place
           of
           our
           most
           principall
           and
           supremest
           Temporall
           Officers
           ,
           of
           which
           the
           first
           and
           chiefest
           is
           the
           L.
           Chancellor
           ,
           or
           L.
           Keeper
           ,
           who
           is
           said
           to
           be
           the
           Kings
           Conscience
           ,
           his
           mouth
           ,
           and
           confirmation
           ,
           for
           by
           him
           all
           the
           rigours
           of
           the
           law
           are
           bridled
           :
           the
           Kingswil
           in
           grace
           consultations
           revealed
           ,
           and
           his
           gifts
           and
           prerogatives
           confirmed
           ;
           before
           him
           all
           the
           great
           businesse
           of
           the
           Common-wealth
           is
           dispatcht
           ,
           either
           at
           Councell
           Table
           ,
           in
           Starre-Chamber
           ,
           or
           in
           the
           Chancery
           ,
           where
           hee
           hath
           a
           principall
           voyce
           ,
           and
           precedence
           :
           and
           lastly
           ,
           he
           hath
           the
           keeping
           of
           the
           great
           Scale
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           in
           which
           is
           exprest
           a
           reputation
           so
           serious
           ,
           that
           all
           Subjects
           
           lifes
           and
           Estates
           depending
           on
           the
           same
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           in
           place
           is
           the
           L.
           high
           Treasurer
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           to
           whose
           trust
           the
           Kings
           Treasure
           is
           committed
           ,
           who
           is
           a
           man
           of
           that
           noble
           ,
           worthy
           ,
           sweet
           and
           generous
           disposition
           ,
           of
           important
           confidence
           ,
           of
           noble
           estimation
           ,
           excellent
           in
           wisdom
           and
           high
           in
           estimation
           ,
           and
           to
           his
           wisdome
           and
           excellent
           judgement
           ,
           is
           referred
           the
           whole
           manage
           of
           the
           Kings
           entire
           Estate
           ,
           and
           the
           provident
           regard
           of
           the
           wealth
           and
           flourishing
           prosperity
           of
           all
           the
           K.
           Subjects
           :
           He
           is
           the
           prime
           Officer
           Judicature
           ,
           betweene
           the
           King
           and
           his
           Tenants
           ,
           and
           hath
           dependance
           on
           the
           Councell
           Table
           ,
           the
           Exchequer
           and
           the
           Kings
           Royall
           House
           and
           Family
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           to
           these
           is
           the
           L.
           President
           ,
           of
           the
           Kings
           most
           honourable
           Privy
           Counsell
           ,
           and
           is
           the
           chiefe
           man
           (
           next
           the
           King
           )
           belonging
           to
           the
           high
           and
           honourable
           Assembly
           ,
           and
           hath
           in
           his
           power
           ,
           under
           the
           Kings
           Majesty
           ,
           the
           mannage
           of
           the
           priuileges
           of
           that
           Honourable
           Table
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           is
           the
           L.
           Privy
           Scale
           ,
           an
           especiall
           Ensigne
           of
           credit
           belonging
           to
           this
           Kingdome
           ,
           having
           custodie
           and
           charge
           of
           the
           Kings
           lesser
           Seal
           ,
           which
           gives
           testimony
           of
           the
           Kings
           fauours
           and
           bounty
           ,
           but
           also
           making
           the
           way
           cleare
           and
           accessable
           to
           the
           great
           Seale
           ,
           in
           which
           consists
           the
           strength
           of
           his
           Majesties
           confirmations
           ;
           These
           first
           foure
           great
           Officers
           are
           civill
           ,
           and
           judicature
           ,
           as
           depending
           on
           the
           publique
           State
           :
           after
           whom
           follow
           six
           other
           which
           are
           as
           well
           Military
           as
           Civill
           ,
           having
           the
           managing
           of
           all
           matters
           of
           Honour
           ,
           and
           Warlike
           proceedings
           .
        
         
         
           The
           first
           of
           which
           is
           the
           
             L.
          
           Chamberlaine
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           whose
           Office
           is
           of
           the
           greatest
           imployment
           ,
           in
           all
           publique
           Assemblies
           ,
           as
           Coronations
           ,
           Parliaments
           ,
           Tryumphs
           ,
           or
           any
           Solemnitie
           ,
           where
           the
           King
           himselfe
           rideth
           in
           person
           :
           which
           Office
           is
           not
           Officiary
           ,
           but
           Honorarie
           ,
           depending
           by
           a
           feudall
           right
           ,
           unto
           the
           Noble
           house
           of
           the
           Earles
           of
           
             Oxenford
             .
          
        
         
           After
           this
           is
           the
           L.
           Constable
           of
           the
           kingdom
           ,
           who
           was
           the
           first
           and
           principall
           Generall
           under
           the
           
             King
          
           ?
           of
           all
           the
           Land
           forces
           ,
           and
           in
           all
           occasions
           of
           Martiall
           affaires
           ,
           had
           the
           principall
           nomination
           of
           Officers
           ,
           and
           ordering
           of
           Munition
           for
           such
           imployment
           .
        
         
           Then
           is
           the
           L.
           Marshall
           of
           the
           Land
           ,
           a
           great
           and
           renowned
           Officer
           ,
           in
           whom
           consist
           the
           solutions
           of
           all
           differences
           in
           Honour
           ,
           and
           dispensation
           of
           al
           things
           appertaining
           to
           the
           great
           or
           lesser
           Nobility
           .
           Next
           followeth
           the
           Office
           of
           the
           L.
           Admirall
           of
           the
           Land
           ,
           who
           is
           the
           Kings
           Generall
           ,
           and
           chiefe
           Commander
           at
           Sea
           ,
           and
           hath
           care
           and
           charge
           of
           all
           his
           Majesties
           Royall
           Navy
           ,
           and
           the
           censuring
           of
           all
           Marine
           causes
           whatsoever
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           following
           is
           the
           L.
           Steward
           of
           the
           Kings
           Household
           ,
           in
           whose
           trust
           and
           government
           is
           reposed
           the
           ordering
           of
           all
           the
           great
           and
           Noble
           Families
           ,
           the
           discussion
           of
           all
           controversies
           ,
           the
           placing
           and
           removing
           of
           Officers
           ,
           and
           the
           disposing
           of
           all
           things
           therein
           ,
           for
           his
           Majesties
           renowne
           and
           dignity
           .
        
         
           The
           last
           of
           these
           great
           Officers
           ,
           is
           the
           
             L.
          
           Chamberlaine
           
           of
           the
           Kings
           Royall
           Household
           ,
           unto
           whose
           great
           trust
           ,
           faith
           ,
           and
           integrity
           ,
           is
           committed
           ,
           the
           guard
           of
           the
           Kings
           Royall
           person
           ,
           he
           hath
           the
           controle
           ,
           and
           commandement
           ,
           of
           all
           Officers
           and
           others
           ,
           whose
           dependance
           is
           on
           the
           Kings
           person
           ;
           and
           howsoever
           some
           would
           limit
           his
           rule
           above
           the
           Sayters
           ,
           yet
           it
           is
           over
           the
           whole
           Court
           ,
           and
           in
           all
           places
           wheresoever
           the
           King
           is
           present
           :
           with
           many
           other
           priveledges
           which
           at
           this
           time
           cannot
           be
           fully
           recited
           .
        
         
           After
           all
           these
           great
           Offices
           ,
           and
           Officers
           ,
           I
           must
           necessarily
           add
           one
           great
           Officer
           more
           ,
           namely
           the
           Kings
           chiefe
           and
           principall
           Secretary
           of
           Estate
           ,
           who
           deserves
           a
           due
           respect
           by
           his
           high
           and
           Honourable
           Place
           ,
           in
           regard
           he
           is
           so
           intimate
           and
           nigh
           to
           all
           affaires
           ,
           of
           his
           Majestie
           ,
           either
           private
           or
           particular
           .
        
         
         
           
             THE
             FORME
             OF
             THE
             KINGS
             MAIESTIES
             WRIT
             TO
             THE
             PEERES
             TO
             ASSEMBLE
             IN
             PARLIAMENT
             .
          
           
             
               CAROLUS
            
             &c.
             Charissimo
             consanguineo
             suo
             E.
             Comit.
             D.
             salutem
             .
             Quia
             de
             advisamento
             et
             assensu
             consilii
             nostri
             pro
             quibusdam
             arduis
             urgentibus
             negotiis
             nos
             ,
             statum
             et
             defensionem
             regni
             nostri
             Anglie
             et
             Ecclesie
             Anglicane
             concernent
             quoddam
             Parliamentum
             nostrum
             apud
             Civitatem
             nostram
             
               Westmonasterium
            
             tertio
             die
             
               Novembris
            
             prox●futur
             :
             teneri
             ordinavimus
             ,
             et
             ibid.
             vobiscum
             ac
             cum
             Prelat
             .
             magnatibus
             et
             proceribus
             dict.
             Regni
             nostri
             colloquium
             habere
             ,
             tractare
             ,
             vobis
             sub
             fide
             et
             ligeanciis
             ,
             quibus
             nobis
             tenemini
             ,
             firmiter
             injungend
             .
             mandamus
             ,
             quod
             consider
             at
             .
             dictorum
             negotiorum
             arduitate
             et
             periculis
             imminentibus
             ,
             cessante
             excusatione
             quacunque
             ,
             dict.
             die
             et
             loco
             personaliter
             intersitis
             nobiscum
             ,
             ac
             cum
             prelatis
             ,
             magnatibus
             et
             proceribus
             predictis
             ,
             super
             dictis
             negotiis
             tractatur
             .
             vestrumque
             consilium
             impensur
             .
             et
             hoc
             sicut
             nos
             et
             honorem
             nostrum
             ac
             salvationem
             et
             difensionem
             Regni
             et
             Ecclesie
             predictorum
             expeditionemque
             dictorum
             negotiorum
             diligitis
             ,
             nullatenus
             omittatis
             .
             Teste
             me
             apud
             West
             .
             decimo
             octavo
             die
             
               Septembris
               ,
            
             Anno
             Regni
             nostri
             16.
             
          
        
         
         
           
             THE
             FORME
             OF
             THE
             
               Writ
               to
               the
               Sheriffe
               &c.
               for
               the
               election
               of
               the
               Knights
               and
               Burgesses
               to
               assemble
               in
            
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             
               REX
            
             Vic.
             N.
             &c.
             Salut
             .
             quia
             de
             advisamento
             et
             assensu
             consilii
             nostri
             pro
             quibusdam
             arduis
             et
             urgentibus
             negotiis
             nos
             ,
             statum
             ,
             defensionem
             Regni
             nostri
             Anglie
             et
             Ecclesie
             ,
             Anglicane
             concernen
             :
             quoddam
             
               Parliamentum
            
             nostrum
             apud
             Civitatem
             nostram
             West
             ,
             tertio
             die
             
               Novembris
               ,
            
             prox
             :
             futur
             .
             teneri
             ordinavimus
             ,
             et
             ibid.
             cum
             prelatis
             magnatibus
             et
             proceribus
             dicti
             Regni
             nostri
             colloquium
             habere
             et
             tract.
          
           
             Tibi
             precipimus
             firmiter
             injungentes
             quod
             facta
             proclamation
             .
             in
             prox
             .
             Comitat.
             tuo
             post
             receptionem
             huius
             brev.
             nostritenend
             .
             die
             et
             loco
             predict
             .
             duos
             milit.
             gladijs
             cinct
             .
             magis
             idoneos
             et
             discretos
             Comit.
             predict
             .
             et
             de
             qualib
             .
             Civitate
             com
             .
             illius
             duos
             Cives
             ,
             et
             de
             quolibet
             Burgo
             duos
             Burgenses
             de
             discretior
             .
             et
             magis
             sufficientibus
             libere
             et
             indifferenter
             per
             illos
             qui
             proclam
             :
             hujusmodi
             interfuer
             .
             juxta
             formam
             statutorum
             inde
             edit.
             et
             provis
             eligi
             ,
             et
             nomina
             eorundem
             milit.
             Civium
             
             et
             Burgensium
             ,
             sic
             Electorum
             ,
             in
             quibusdam
             Indentur
             .
             inter
             te
             et
             illos
             qui
             huiusmodi
             Electionis
             interfuerit
             ,
             inde
             conficiendum
             ,
             sive
             hujusmodi
             electi
             praesentes
             fuerint
             vel
             absentes
             ,
             inseri
             ,
             eosque
             ad
             dict.
             diem
             et
             locum
             venire
             fac
             .
             Ita
             quad
             ijdem
             milites
             plenam
             et
             sufficientem
             potestatem
             pro
             se
             et
             communitate
             Comit.
             predict
             ,
             ac
             dict.
             C●ves
             et
             Burgenses
             pro
             se
             et
             communitate
             Civitatum
             et
             Burgorum
             predictorum
             divisim
             ab
             ipsis
             habeant
             ad
             faciendum
             et
             consentiendum
             his
             quae
             tunc
             ibid.
             de
             communi
             consilio
             dicti
             regni
             nostri
             (
             favente
             Deo
             )
             contigerint
             ordinari
             super
             negotijs
             ●ntedictis
             ;
             Ita
             quod
             pro
             defectu
             potestatis
             huiusmodi
             ,
             seu
             propter
             improvidam
             Electionem
             milit.
             Civium
             ,
             aut
             Burgensium
             predictorum
             ,
             dicta
             negotia
             infect
             a
             non
             remaneant
             quovis
             modo
             .
             Nolumus
             autem
             ,
             quod
             tu
             nec
             aliquis
             alius
             vic.
             dicti
             Regni
             nostri
             aliqualiter
             sit
             electus
             .
             Et
             electionem
             illam
             in
             pleno
             Comitatu
             factam
             ,
             distincte
             et
             aperte
             sub
             sigillo
             tuo
             et
             sigillis
             eorum
             qui
             electioni
             illi
             interfuerint
             nobis
             in
             cancellar.
             .
             nostr
             dict.
             diem
             et
             locum
             certifices
             indilate
             ,
             remittens
             nobis
             alteram
             partem
             Jndentur
             .
             predict
             a
             rum
             presentibus
             consuet
             .
             una
             cum
             hoc
             breve
             .
             Teste
             meipso
             apud
             West
             .
             18.
             die
             
               Septembris
               ,
            
             anno
             Regni
             nostri
             16.
             
          
        
         
         
           
             The
             order
             of
             the
             proceeding
             to
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             of
             the
             most
             high
             and
             mighty
             
               Prince
            
             King
             CHARLES
             ,
             on
             monday
             the
             13.
             of
             
               Aprill
            
             1640.
             
             In
             the
             16.
             yeare
             of
             his
             Majesties
             raigne
             ,
             first
             on
             Horseback
             from
             
               White-Hall
            
             to
             
               Westminster-Abby-Church
               ,
            
             and
             from
             thence
             on
             foot
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
               house
               .
               viz.
               
            
          
           
             
               Messengers
               of
               the
               Chamber
               2.
               and
               2.
               
               Trumpets
               .
            
             
               The
               Master
               of
               the
               Chancery
               ,
            
             
               The
               Kings
               Puisne
               Sergeants
               at
               Law
               ,
            
             
               The
               Kings
               Solicitor
               ,
            
             
               The
               Kings
               Attourny
               Generall
               .
            
             
               The
               Kings
               2
               Ancient
               Sergeants
               at
               Law
               .
            
          
           
             
               Masters
               of
               the
               Request
               2.
               and
               2.
               
            
             
               Barons
               of
               the
               Exchequer
               .
               of
               the
               degree
               of
               the
               Coyfe
               of
               the
               said
               Courts
               .
            
             
               Iustices
               of
               the
               Common-pleas
               .
               of
               the
               degree
               of
               the
               Coyfe
               of
               the
               said
               Courts
               .
            
             
               Iustices
               of
               the
               kings-Bench
               .
               of
               the
               degree
               of
               the
               Coyfe
               of
               the
               said
               Courts
               .
            
             
               
                 
                   together
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Lord
                   chiefe
                   Baron
                   of
                   the
                   Exchequer
                
                 
                   The
                   Master
                   of
                   the
                   Roles
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   together
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   two
                   Lord
                   chiefe
                   Iustices
                   of
                   the
                   Kings
                   Bench
                   and
                   Common-pleas
                
              
            
             
               Pursevants
               at
               Armes
               .
            
             
               Privy
               Counsellors
               .
            
             
               Heraulds
               2.
               
            
             
             
               Barons
               in
               their
               
                 Parliament
              
               Robes
               2
               and
               2.
               being
               all
               in
               number
               53.
               
            
             
               
                 Lord
                 Bishops
                 2
                 and
                 2
                 according
                 to
                 their
                 consecrations
                 .
              
            
             
               Bishop
               of
               
                 Winchester
                 .
              
            
             
               Bishop
               of
               
                 Duresme
                 .
              
            
             
               Bishop
               of
               
                 London
                 ,
              
               now
               being
               Lord
               Treasurer
               in
               another
               place
               .
            
          
           
             
               Two
               Heraulds
               .
               Viscounts
               in
               their
               Robes
               2
               and
               2.
               
            
             
               Viscount
               Camden
               .
            
             
               Viscount
               Conway
               .
            
             
               Viscount
               
                 Say
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Seale
                 .
              
            
             
               Viscount
               
                 Purbeck
                 .
              
            
             
               Viscount
               
                 Mountague
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               Two
               Heraulds
               .
               Earles
               in
               their
               Robes
               2
               and
               2.
               being
               in
               number
               62.
               
            
             
               
                 
                   together
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Lord
                   Chamberlaine
                
                 
                   The
                   Lord
                   Steward
                   of
                   the
                   K.
                   Household
                
                 
                   And
                   the
                   Lord
                   Admirall
                
              
            
             
               The
               Marques
               of
               
                 Winchester
                 .
              
            
             
               The
               Duke
               of
               
                 Buckingham
                 ,
              
               under
               age
               .
            
          
           
             
               Norroy
               and
               Clarencieux
               .
            
             
               The
               Lord
               Privy
               Seale
               .
            
             
               The
               Lord
               Treasurer
               of
               
                 England
                 .
              
            
             
               The
               Arch-Bishop
               of
               
                 York
                 .
              
            
             
               Lord-keeper
               of
               the
               great
               Seale
               .
            
             
               The
               Arch-Bishop
               of
               
                 Canterbury
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 
                   Sergeant
                   at
                   Armes
                   from
                   the
                   Sword
                   forward
                   .
                
                 
                   Gent.
                   Vsher
                   black
                   rod
                   on
                   the
                   right
                   han
                   .
                
                 
                   Garter
                   in
                   the
                   middle
                   uncovered
                   .
                
                 
                   Another
                   G.
                   Vsher
                   all
                   bare
                   .
                
              
            
             
               The
               Prince
               in
               his
               Crimson
               Velvet
               Robes
               ,
               Hood
               ,
               
               and
               Cap
               of
               Estate
               ,
               thereon
               his
               Coronet
               ,
               his
               Trayn
               borne
               by
               .
            
             
               
                 
                   The
                   Sword
                   borne
                   by
                   The
                   great
                   Chamberlaine
                   on
                   the
                   right
                   hand
                
                 
                   The
                   Sword
                   borne
                   by
                   The
                   Earle
                   Marshall
                   on
                   the
                   left
                   hand
                   .
                
              
            
             
               The
               Cap
               of
               Estate
               borne
               by
               .
               Footmen
               .
            
             
               
                 
                   Pentioners
                   on
                   foot
                   with
                   their
                   Axes
                   .
                   Esquires
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Kings
                   Majesty
                   in
                   his
                   
                     Parliament
                  
                   Robes
                   and
                   
                     Crowne
                     ,
                  
                   his
                   Majesties
                   Traine
                   borne
                   by
                   three
                   Earles
                   or
                   Lords
                   eldest
                   Sonnes
                   ,
                   assisted
                   by
                   the
                   Gentlemen
                   of
                   the
                   Robes
                   all
                   on
                   foo
                   .
                
              
            
             
               The
               Mr.
               of
               the
               Horse
               leading
               the
               Hors
               of
               honour
               .
            
             
               
                 
                   together
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Captaine
                   of
                   the
                   Pentioners
                
                 
                   The
                   Captaine
                   of
                   the
                   Guard
                
              
            
             
               The
               Guard
               2
               and
               2
               on
               foot
               .
            
          
           
             All
             the
             time
             the
             King
             is
             in
             the
             Church
             ,
             the
             Prebends
             carry
             the
             Canopy
             of
             the
             Church
             over
             him
             :
             but
             when
             he
             commeth
             out
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             the
             Gent.
             of
             the
             Privy
             Chamber
             carry
             another
             Canopy
             over
             him
             to
             the
             
               Parliament
            
             House
             .
          
           
             The
             Church
             delivereth
             a
             Scepter
             to
             the
             King
             at
             his
             coming
             in
             ,
             which
             is
             delivered
             back
             at
             his
             going
             out
             .
          
           
             
               The
               proceeding
               to
               the
               Parliament
               of
               the
               most
               high
               and
               mighty
               Prince
               ,
               King
            
             CHARLES
             ,
             
               on
               Tuesday
               the
               third
               day
               of
            
             November
             
               ,
               being
               in
               the
               16th
               .
               yeare
               of
               his
               Majesties
               reigne
               Anno
               Dom.
               1640.
               from
            
             White-hall
             
               by
               water
               to
            
             Westminster
             
               ,
               and
               from
               thence
               on
               foot
               to
               the
            
             Parliament
             
               house
               .
            
          
           
             All
             things
             in
             manner
             and
             for
             me
             as
             before
             particulariz'd
             was
             observed
             in
             this
             stately
             going
             of
             the
             Kings
             Majesty
             the
             Prince
             and
             Peeres
             to
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             
             onely
             in
             some
             things
             different
             from
             the
             former
             .
          
           
             
               Norroy
               and
               Clarenciux
               .
            
             
               Sergeant
               at
               Armes
               .
               Lord
               Privy
               Seale
               .
               Sergeant
               at
               Armes
               .
            
             
               Sergeant
               at
               Armes
               .
               Lord
               Treasurer
               of
               
                 England
                 .
              
               Sergeant
               at
               Armes
               .
            
             
               Sergeant
               at
               Armes
               .
               Lord
               Arch-bishop
               of
               
                 York
                 .
              
               Sergeant
               at
               Armes
               .
            
             
               Sergeant
               at
               Armes
               .
               Lord
               Keeper
               of
               the
               great
               Seale
               .
               Sergeant
               at
               Armes
               .
            
             
               Sergeant
               at
               Armes
               .
               Lord
               Arch-bishop
               of
               
                 Canterbury
                 .
              
               Sergeant
               at
               Armes
               .
            
          
           
             
               Garter
               bare
               headed
               .
            
             
               A
               Gentleman
               Vsher
               bare-headed
               .
            
             
               A
               Gentleman
               Vsher
               of
               the
               black
               Rod
               bareheaded
               .
            
          
           
             The
             Prince
             his
             highnes
             in
             his
             Parliament
             Robes
             with
             Cap
             and
             Coronet
             ,
             his
             highnesse
             Trayne
             borne
             by
             the
             Lord
             
               Francis
               Villars
               ,
            
             second
             Sonne
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Buckingham
               ,
            
             and
             the
             Lord
             
               Ogle
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 Cap
                 of
                 Estate
                 borne
                 by
                 the
                 Earle
                 of
                 
                   Essex
                   .
                
              
               
                 The
                 Earle
                 Marshal
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Sword
                 borne
                 by
                 the
                 Earle
                 of
                 Bath
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Lord
                 great
                 Chamberlaine
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 .
              
            
          
           
             The
             Kings
             Majestie
             in
             his
             
               Parliament
            
             Robes
             ,
             
               and
            
             his
             Crowne
             on
             ;
             His
             Majesties
             Traine
             ,
             borne
             by
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Buckingham
               ,
            
             Earle
             of
             
               Oxford
               ,
            
             Lord
             
               Herbert
            
             of
             
               Cardiff
               ,
            
             Lord
             
               Cecill
            
             of
             
               Essendon
            
             and
             Lord
             
               Lisle
               ,
            
             assisted
             by
             the
             Gentlemen
             of
             the
             Robes
             .
          
           
             
               
                 Gentlemen
                 Pensioners
                 on
                 each
                 side
                 with
                 their
                 Axes
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Captaine
                 of
                 the
                 Guard
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Guard
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
         
           
             The
             Prerogative
             of
             the
             high
             Court
             of
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
           
             OF
             all
             the
             Courts
             of
             Judicature
             in
             
               England
               ,
            
             the
             Court
             of
             
               Parliament
            
             is
             the
             chiefest
             and
             greatest
             Councell
             of
             Estate
             ,
             called
             and
             appointed
             by
             the
             Kings
             Majesty
             ,
             the
             Lords
             of
             the
             upper
             House
             ,
             by
             personall
             writs
             of
             summons
             ;
             And
             for
             the
             Commons
             House
             a
             generall
             writ
             is
             sent
             to
             the
             Sheriffe
             ,
             of
             every
             Shire
             ,
             or
             County
             ,
             to
             call
             together
             all
             such
             freeholders
             ,
             (
             which
             can
             dispend
             forty
             shillings
             yearely
             out
             of
             their
             owne
             free
             Lands
             ,
             at
             least
             )
             for
             the
             electing
             two
             Gent.
             for
             Knights
             of
             the
             Shire
             :
             the
             like
             is
             directed
             to
             the
             Cinque Ports
             ,
             for
             choyce
             of
             their
             Barons
             ,
             to
             each
             Citie
             ,
             Burrough
             Towne
             ,
             and
             Vniversity
             ,
             for
             choyce
             of
             two
             Burgesses
             ,
             for
             every
             of
             them
             ,
             to
             represent
             their
             severall
             bodies
             in
             
               Parliament
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               time
               and
               place
               of
               meeting
               .
            
             
               This
               honourable
               Assemblies
               meeting
               is
               noticed
               by
               the
               Kings
               Majesty
               ,
               to
               all
               his
               Subjects
               by
               Proclamation
               .
            
             
               The
               end
               of
               calling
               this
               great
               Assembly
               ,
               is
               either
               the
               disturbance
               of
               the
               Church
               ,
               by
               Heresie
               or
               Schisme
               ,
               danger
               of
               the
               Kingdome
               ,
               by
               War
               offensive
               or
               defensive
               ,
               or
               for
               the
               reliefe
               of
               the
               Subject
               ,
               disturbed
               in
               the
               Courts
               of
               Justice
               by
               ill
               customs
               ,
               undue
               execution
               of
               the
               Lawes
               ,
               oppression
               &c.
               
            
             
               From
               this
               high
               Court
               lies
               no
               appeale
               ,
               the
               determination
               
               there
               of
               being
               presumed
               to
               be
               the
               act
               of
               every
               particular
               Subject
               ,
               who
               is
               either
               present
               personally
               ,
               or
               consenting
               by
               his
               Assignee
               ,
               suffraged
               by
               himselfe
               .
            
             
               This
               honourable
               Assembly
               consists
               of
               two
               houses
               ,
               Vpper
               and
               Lower
               .
               The
               upper
               is
               made
               up
               by
               the
               Lords
               Spirituall
               and
               Temporall
               ,
               as
               Archbishops
               ,
               Bishops
               ,
               Dukes
               ,
               Marquesses
               ,
               Earles
               ,
               Viscounts
               ,
               Barons
               ,
               no
               member
               of
               that
               house
               being
               under
               the
               degree
               of
               a
               Baron
               ,
               all
               which
               await
               the
               writ
               of
               Summons
               ,
               without
               which
               ,
               no
               place
               ,
               no
               vote
               there
               ,
               and
               none
               may
               absent
               themselves
               after
               Summons
               ,
               without
               speciall
               proxy
               from
               his
               Majesty
               ,
               whence
               he
               hath
               power
               to
               depute
               ,
               one
               of
               the
               said
               members
               to
               give
               his
               voyce
               for
               him
               in
               absence
               .
            
             
               His
               Majesty
               who
               by
               his
               Prerogative
               Royall
               ,
               hath
               the
               Sole
               power
               ,
               as
               of
               calling
               ,
               so
               dissolving
               his
               honourable
               Assembly
               ,
               sits
               in
               a
               Throne
               in
               the
               upper
               end
               of
               the
               hous
               ;
               on
               his
               right
               hand
               the
               Prince
               of
               Wales
               ,
               on
               the
               left
               the
               Duke
               of
               York
               .
               The
               greatest
               officers
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               as
               the
               Lord-keeper
               ,
               (
               who
               is
               the
               Speaker
               or
               mouth
               of
               the
               House
               )
               Treasurer
               ,
               Privy
               Seale
               ,
               &c.
               have
               places
               some
               on
               the
               right
               some
               on
               the
               left
               hand
               of
               the
               Throne
               the
               forme
               where
               of
               is
               recited
               in
               the
               Statute
               of
               ,
               31
               
                 Henry
              
               the
               8.
               
            
          
        
         
         
           
             The
             manner
             of
             giving
             voyces
             in
             the
             upper
             house
             ,
             is
             thus
             .
          
           
             The
             Lords
             Spirituall
             and
             Temporall
             in
             their
             
               Parliamentary
            
             Robes
             ,
             they
             youngest
             Bishop
             reades
             prayers
             ,
             those
             being
             ended
             ,
             the
             Clarke
             of
             the
             House
             ,
             readeth
             the
             Bills
             ,
             (
             being
             first
             writ
             in
             paper
             ,
             )
             which
             being
             once
             read
             ,
             he
             that
             pleaseth
             may
             speak
             either
             for
             or
             against
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             manner
             of
             the
             Lower
             house
             is
             in
             this
             sort
             .
          
           
             The
             first
             day
             each
             member
             is
             called
             by
             his
             name
             every
             one
             answering
             for
             what
             place
             hee
             serveth
             ,
             that
             done
             they
             are
             willed
             to
             choose
             their
             Speaker
             ,
             who
             ,
             (
             though
             nominated
             by
             the
             Kings
             Majesty
             ,
             )
             is
             to
             be
             a
             member
             of
             that
             house
             ,
             their
             election
             being
             made
             ,
             he
             is
             presented
             by
             them
             to
             the
             King
             sitting
             in
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             where
             after
             his
             Oration
             or
             Speech
             ,
             (
             the
             Lord
             keeper
             approving
             in
             behalfe
             of
             the
             King
             )
             hee
             Petitions
             his
             Majestie
             in
             behalfe
             of
             the
             House
             :
             First
             ,
             for
             their
             priveledges
             ,
             from
             all
             molestations
             during
             the
             the
             time
             of
             sitting
             .
             Secondly
             ,
             that
             they
             may
             enjoy
             freedom
             of
             speech
             .
             Thirdly
             ,
             that
             they
             may
             have
             power
             to
             correct
             any
             of
             their
             owne
             members
             that
             are
             offenders
             .
             Fourthly
             ,
             to
             have
             favorable
             
             accesse
             to
             his
             Maiestie
             upon
             all
             occasions
             .
             The
             Speaker
             ,
             (
             in
             behalfe
             of
             the
             House
             of
             Commons
             )
             promising
             regard
             full
             respect
             ,
             as
             befitting
             loyall
             ,
             and
             dutifull
             Subjects
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             use
             of
             the
             Parliament
          
           
             Consists
             in
             abrogating
             ould
             ,
             or
             making
             new
             Lawes
             ,
             reforming
             all
             grievances
             in
             the
             Common
             wealth
             ,
             whether
             in
             Religion
             or
             intemporal
             affairs
             setling
             succession
             to
             the
             Crowne
             ,
             grants
             ,
             Subsidies
             ,
             &c.
             and
             in
             Sum
             may
             be
             called
             the
             great
             Physitian
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             or
             Republique
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             Speakers
             place
             in
             the
             House
             of
             Commons
             .
          
           
             The
             Speaker
             sits
             in
             a
             Chaire
             ,
             placed
             somewhat
             high
             to
             be
             seene
             and
             heard
             the
             better
             of
             all
             ,
             the
             Clarkes
             of
             the
             House
             sits
             before
             him
             in
             a
             lower
             seat
             ,
             who
             reades
             such
             Bills
             as
             are
             first
             propounded
             in
             their
             House
             ,
             or
             sent
             downe
             from
             the
             Lords
             ,
             for
             in
             that
             point
             ,
             each
             House
             hath
             equall
             authority
             to
             propound
             what
             they
             think
             meet
             .
          
           
             All
             Bills
             be
             thrice
             in
             three
             severall
             daies
             read
             ,
             and
             disputed
             on
             ,
             before
             put
             to
             question
             ,
             and
             so
             good
             order
             is
             used
             in
             the
             House
             ,
             that
             he
             that
             intends
             to
             speake
             to
             any
             Bill
             ,
             stands
             up
             bare-headed
             (
             for
             no
             more
             hen
             one
             speakes
             at
             a
             time
             )
             speaking
             
             to
             the
             Speaker
             ,
             not
             one
             to
             another
             ,
             being
             against
             the
             rule
             of
             the
             House
             :
             and
             he
             that
             speaketh
             is
             to
             speake
             no
             more
             that
             day
             ,
             to
             the
             Bill
             he
             hath
             spoken
             to
             ,
             to
             avoyd
             spinning
             needlesly
             out
             of
             time
             ,
             and
             their
             speeches
             must
             be
             free
             from
             Taunts
             of
             their
             felow
             members
             ,
             that
             are
             of
             cōtrary
             opinions
             .
          
           
             The
             Speakers
             Office
             is
             ,
             when
             a
             Bill
             is
             read
             ,
             as
             briefly
             as
             he
             may
             to
             declare
             the
             effect
             thereof
             to
             the
             House
             ;
             and
             to
             Bills
             first
             agreed
             on
             by
             the
             Lords
             ,
             and
             sent
             to
             the
             Commons
             for
             assent
             :
             if
             they
             doe
             assent
             ,
             then
             are
             they
             returned
             ,
             subscribed
             thus
             ;
             
               Les
               Communs
               ont
               assentus
            
             :
             So
             likewise
             if
             the
             Lords
             agree
             ,
             to
             what
             is
             sent
             to
             them
             from
             the
             House
             of
             Commons
             ,
             they
             subscribe
             .
             
               Les
               Seigneurs
               ont
               assentus
            
             :
             If
             the
             two
             Houses
             cannot
             agree
             (
             every
             Bill
             being
             therice
             read
             ,
             in
             each
             House
             )
             then
             sometimes
             the
             Lords
             ,
             sometimes
             the
             Commons
             ,
             require
             a
             meeting
             of
             some
             of
             each
             House
             ,
             whereby
             information
             may
             be
             had
             of
             each
             others
             mind
             ,
             for
             the
             preservation
             of
             a
             good
             correspondency
             betweene
             them
             ,
             after
             which
             meeting
             ,
             for
             the
             most
             part
             ,
             (
             though
             not
             always
             )
             either
             part
             agrees
             to
             the
             Bill
             in
             question
             .
          
           
             The
             assent
             or
             dissent
             of
             the
             upper
             House
             ,
             is
             each
             man
             severally
             by
             himselfe
             ,
             and
             then
             for
             so
             many
             as
             he
             hath
             by
             proxy
             ,
             they
             saying
             onely
             ;
             content
             or
             not
             content
             ,
             and
             by
             the
             Major
             part
             it
             is
             agreed
             to
             ,
             or
             dashed
             .
             But
             in
             the
             Lower
             House
             ,
             no
             member
             can
             give
             his
             voyce
             to
             another
             by
             Proxy
             ;
             the
             Major
             part
             being
             present
             onely
             ,
             maketh
             the
             assent
             ,
             or
             dissent
             .
             After
             a
             Bill
             is
             twice
             read
             there
             ,
             and
             
             engrossed
             ,
             (
             being
             disputed
             on
             enough
             ,
             as
             conceived
             )
             the
             Speaker
             asketh
             if
             they
             will
             goe
             to
             question
             ,
             and
             if
             agreed
             to
             ,
             holding
             the
             Bill
             up
             in
             his
             band
             sayeth
             ,
             As
             many
             as
             will
             have
             this
             Bill
             passe
             concerning
             such
             a
             matter
             say
             yea
             ,
             and
             those
             that
             against
             it
             no
             :
             and
             if
             it
             be
             a
             doubt
             which
             cry
             is
             bigger
             ,
             the
             House
             is
             divided
             ,
             the
             one
             part
             that
             agrees
             not
             to
             the
             Bill
             ,
             being
             bid
             to
             sit
             still
             ,
             those
             that
             do
             to
             goe
             downe
             with
             the
             Bill
             ,
             so
             plurality
             of
             voyces
             ,
             allowes
             or
             dashes
             .
             But
             no
             Bill
             is
             an
             Act
             of
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             Ordinance
             or
             Edict
             of
             Law
             ,
             though
             both
             the
             Houses
             unanimously
             agree
             in
             it
             ,
             till
             it
             hath
             the
             Royall
             Assent
             .
          
        
         
           
             Touching
             the
             Royall
             Assent
             .
          
           
             When
             Bills
             are
             passed
             by
             both
             the
             Houses
             ,
             they
             ought
             to
             have
             for
             approbation
             the
             Royal
             Assent
             ,
             which
             usually
             is
             deferred
             till
             the
             last
             day
             of
             the
             Sessions
             ,
             but
             may
             be
             given
             at
             any
             time
             during
             the
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             touching
             which
             ,
             it
             hath
             been
             a
             question
             much
             debated
             ,
             whether
             the
             Royal
             Assent
             given
             to
             any
             one
             Bill
             doth
             not
             
               ipso
               facto
               ,
            
             conclude
             that
             present
             Session
             ,
             the
             question
             is
             of
             great
             consequence
             ,
             for
             if
             thereby
             the
             Session
             be
             at
             an
             end
             ,
             then
             ought
             every
             other
             Bill
             ,
             although
             passed
             both
             the
             Houses
             to
             be
             read
             againe
             ,
             three
             times
             in
             either
             House
             ,
             and
             to
             have
             the
             same
             proceeding
             as
             it
             had
             at
             first
             ,
             as
             if
             nothing
             had
             been
             formerly
             done
             therein
             ,
             so
             must
             it
             be
             done
             of
             all
             other
             Acts
             of
             the
             House
             :
             But
             the
             first
             Session
             of
             the
             first
             
               Parliament
               ,
            
             
             of
             King
             
               Iames
               ,
            
             the
             House
             being
             then
             desirous
             to
             have
             a
             Bill
             passed
             forthwith
             by
             the
             Royall
             Assent
             ,
             which
             should
             be
             security
             to
             the
             Warden
             of
             the
             Fleet
             ,
             touching
             the
             delivery
             of
             Sir
             
               Thomas
               Sherly
               ,
            
             out
             of
             execution
             ,
             (
             for
             it
             was
             then
             questionable
             whether
             he
             was
             subject
             to
             an
             action
             of
             escape
             )
             did
             agree
             that
             the
             giving
             of
             the
             Royall
             assent
             to
             one
             Bill
             or
             moe
             did
             not
             dissolve
             the
             Sessions
             without
             some
             speciall
             declaration
             of
             his
             Majesties
             pleasure
             to
             that
             purpose
             18.
             
             
               Aprill
            
             1604.
             
             And
             likewise
             in
             the
             Journall
             
               Anno.
            
             1
             
               &
            
             2.
             
               phil.
               &
               Mariae
               .
            
             21
             
               Novem.
            
             that
             the
             King
             and
             Queene
             came
             on
             purpose
             into
             the
             
               Parliament
               House
            
             to
             give
             their
             Assent
             to
             Cardinall
             Pooles
             Bill
             ,
             and
             upon
             question
             made
             it
             was
             then
             resolv'd
             by
             the
             whole
             House
             ,
             that
             the
             Session
             was
             not
             thereby
             concluded
             ,
             but
             that
             they
             might
             proceed
             in
             their
             busines
             notwithstanding
             the
             Royall
             Assent
             given
             .
          
           
             At
             the
             giving
             of
             the
             Royall
             assent
             it
             is
             not
             requisit
             the
             King
             should
             be
             present
             in
             person
             ,
             for
             by
             the
             expresse
             word
             of
             the
             Statute
             of
             33
             
               Henry
            
             the
             8
             
               Cap.
            
             21.
             that
             the
             Kings
             Royall
             assent
             by
             his
             Letters
             Patents
             ,
             under
             his
             great
             Seale
             signed
             by
             his
             hand
             ,
             and
             declared
             and
             in
             notified
             in
             his
             absence
             to
             the
             Lords
             Spirituall
             and
             Temporall
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             Commons
             assembled
             in
             Parliament
             ,
             is
             ,
             and
             ever
             was
             of
             as
             good
             strength
             and
             force
             ,
             as
             if
             the
             King
             had
             been
             there
             in
             person
             personally
             present
             ,
             and
             had
             assented
             openly
             and
             publikely
             to
             the
             same
             ,
             according
             to
             which
             Statnte
             the
             Royall
             assent
             was
             given
             by
             Commission
             
               Anno
            
             38.
             
               H.
            
             8.
             unto
             the
             
             Bill
             for
             the
             attainder
             for
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Norfolk
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             The
             manner
             of
             giving
             the
             Royal
             assent
          
           
             The
             Royall
             assent
             is
             given
             in
             this
             sort
             :
             after
             some
             solemnities
             ended
             ,
             the
             Clark
             of
             the
             Crowne
             readeth
             the
             Titles
             of
             the
             Bills
             in
             such
             order
             as
             they
             are
             in
             consequence
             :
             as
             the
             Title
             of
             every
             Bill
             is
             read
             ,
             the
             Clearke
             of
             the
             Parliament
             pronounceth
             the
             Royall
             assent
             according
             to
             his
             instructions
             given
             him
             by
             his
             Majesty
             in
             that
             behalfe
             ,
             if
             it
             be
             a
             publike
             Bill
             to
             which
             the
             King
             assenteth
             ,
             hee
             answereth
             ,
             
               Le
               Roy
               Le
               voet
               ,
            
             If
             a
             private
             Bill
             be
             allowed
             by
             the
             King
             ,
             the
             answere
             is
             ,
             
               Soit
               fait
               come
               il
               est
               desire
               .
            
             If
             a
             publique
             Bill
             which
             the
             King
             forbeareth
             to
             allow
             ,
             
               Le
               Roy
               se
               amsera
               .
            
             To
             the
             Subsidie
             Bill
             ,
             
               Le
               Roy
               remercie
               ses
               Loyaulx
               ,
            
             Subjects
             accept
             benevolence
             
               et
               ausi
               le
               voult
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             To
             the
             generall
             Pardon
             .
          
           
             Les
             Prelates
             Seigneurs
             et
             Commonsen
             cest
             present
             Parliament
             assemblies
             en
             nom
             de
             touts
             voue
             autres
             subiects
             remercient
             tres
             humblement
             vestre
             Maiestie
             ,
             et
             preut
             dieu
             vous
             donere
             eu
             suite
             bene
             vie
             et
             longe
             .
          
           
             FINIS
             .
          
           
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A86394e-260
           
             Per
             Comitatum
             et
             Baron
             summoneri
             debent
             .
             Minores
             ●…erisi
             non
             summoneri
             debent
             ,
             sed
             si
             eorum
             presenia
             necessariafuerit
             .
             Rexsolibat
             talibus
             brevia
             suamittere
             ,
             re●ans
             quod
             Parliomosuo
             inseressens
             .
          
           
             Summoneri
             debentomnes
             et
             singuli
             comiter
             ,
             Barones
             et
             eor
             .
             pares
             ,
             Qui
             tenent
             ad
             valentunius
             Comitat
             vel
             .
             Baron.
             integra
             .
          
           
             Minores
             laici
             summoneri
             non
             debent
             .
          
           
             DEcasibus
             et
             Iudicus
             difficilibus
             .
          
           
             Cum
             dubltat
             et
             difficilis
             Casus
             ,
             pacis
             vel
             guerne
             emergat
             ,
             &c.