Distant Reader - subject-herefordEngland-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 8 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 19,857 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 2,482 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 87. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

taken, value, plundered, text, inhabitants, hereford, parliament, lord, may, majesty, sir, shall, parishioners, great, us, early, sent, english, commons, city, tcp, one, army, severall, horse, forces, county, books, mr, many, also, men, letters, last, online, kings, much, thomason, london, will, true, house, morgan, time, images, england, within, birch, john, made

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are A true and impartiall account of the plunderings, losses, and sufferings of the County of Hereford by the Scottish army, during their siege before the city of Hereford, Anno Dom. 1645. Since brought in by the country in writing. Published in this juncture of time for the undeceiving of the people, who may perhaps fancy to themselves some imaginable advantage by stickling for the Scots and their partizans in this nation. By Miles Hill, Gent., A True relation of the proceedings at Hereford by the Lord St. Iohns and his regiment there, of the Kings comming thither and his intertainment, and the late proceedings at Manchester with the cashiring of the Earle of Derby and his forces from before that town : from the fourth of October to the eighth, upon which day they left the siege, 14 Octob. 1642., and Two letters sent to the Honorable W. Lenthall Esq; Speaker to the Honorable House of Commons; concerning the taking of Hereford on the 18. of this instant Decem. 1645. By Colonell Morgan Governour of Gloucester, and Colonell John Birch: wherein was taken, one hundred and twenty lords, knights and officers in commission, eleven pieces of ordnance, and great store of ammunition..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

early english, english books, books online, page images, textual changes, defects per, early works, true relation, text creation, great britain, creation partnership, colonell morgan, lord generall, prince robert, honorable house, lord st, creative commons, financial support, online text, encoded edition, batch review, without asking, providing financial, commercial purposes, markup reviewed, asking permission, die martis, encoded text, parishes within, xml conversion, pfs batch, tiff page, institutions providing, images scanned, proquest page, mona logarbo, bit group, severall inhabitants, text transcribed, iv tiff, image set, tcp assigned, right honourable, work described, project evanston, short title, enrichments aim, end users, lord wharton, linguistically annotated

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are [To the kings most excellent majesty. The humble address of your most loyal ... subjects ... of] Hereford A True relation of the proceedings at Hereford by the Lord St. Iohns and his regiment there, of the Kings comming thither and his intertainment, and the late proceedings at Manchester with the cashiring of the Earle of Derby and his forces from before that town : from the fourth of October to the eighth, upon which day they left the siege, 14 Octob. 1642., and Exceeding joyfull nevves from the Earl of Stamford, and the Lord Wharton, and the Lord Kymbolton wherein is declared the proceedings of the Lord Whorton neer Kittermaster with 5 troops of horse against Prince Robert with 20 troops, October 18, and how Prince Robert were forced to retreat : also a famous victory obtained by the E. of Stamford neer Hereford with 1000 foot and 500 horse against 3000 cavaleers, with the number that were slain on both sides : also the Lord Kymbolton, his proceedings in Gloucestershire against the cavaleers likewise a true relation of His Masjesties marching from Shrewsbury towards Coventry with his main army, and how His Excellency is within one dayes march of His Majesty with all his forces / sent in a letter from His Excellencie to the House of Commons..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

majesty, lord, value, tcp, taken, stamford, sir, parliament, morgan, inhabitants, honorable, hereford, commons, city, barnabas

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be taken, and A letter sent to the Right Honourable the Lord Digby, from Sir Barnabas Scudamore Governor of Hereford, concerning the late siedge of the citty of Hereford. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

value, text, inhabitants, men, letters, forces, time, images, works, books, xml, history, parishioners, page, kings, proceedings, persons, order, day, words, number, horse, changes, night, letter, defects, work, valew, texts, relation, siege, place, losses, image, end, souldiers, selfe, purpose, power, losse, divers, country, account, troops, selves, prisoners, party, morning, keying, eebo

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

taken, be, plundered, is, was, have, were, are, had, sent, said, been, being, made, give, encoded, according, brought, make, has, concerning, came, aim, let, having, making, informed, did, comming, set, performed, ordered, found, based, assembled, -, read, published, please, marched, slain, scanned, reviewed, providing, owned, modified, left, edited, distributed, desiring

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

hereford, parliament, lord, inhabitants, sir, majesty, commons, tcp, city, mr., parishioners, county, thomason, london, morgan, army, john, england, house, english, colonell, birch, text, gloucester, st., october, houses, generall, earle, robert, transcribed, thomas, lords, horse, earl, towne, stamford, prince, governour, god, wing, taken, ireland, iohn, foot, d., 〉, town, scotland, ◊

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

his, their, your, they, i, it, them, we, our, you, us, my, he, themselves, him, me, her, thy, thee, theirs, ours, himself, its, io

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, great, many, early, true, last, such, english, same, more, honorable, severall, textual, late, much, little, present, humble, good, available, pleased, honourable, small, own, keyboarded, financial, commercial, tractable, suitable, standardized, standard, seekest, ready, proofread, professional, enriched, easier, digital, collaborative, strong, scottish, most, like, first, faithfull, common, 17th, safe, particular, next

not, so, most, also, very, then, more, up, out, online, there, now, in, here, early, as, thereof, therefore, much, fully, even, well, above, about, yet, linguistically, humbly, computationally, only, on, neere, whatsoever, together, therein, presently, over, otherwise, once, never, last, immediatly, almost, accordingly, too, soon, safely, perhaps, likewise, lately, ill

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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