Distant Reader - subject-heresiesChristian-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 10 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 328,262 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 32,826 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 88. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

god, christ, conscience, may, will, men, man, must, word, faith, us, one, church, yet, law, truth, shall, false, magistrate, good, say, many, lord, though, doth, now, doe, religion, saith, new, first, gods, true, spirit, way, sword, power, every, much, onely, sin, things, christian, nature, make, others, made, well, grace, knowledge

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are A free disputation against pretended liberty of conscience tending to resolve doubts moved by Mr. John Goodwin, John Baptist, Dr. Jer. Taylor, the Belgick Arminians, Socinians, and other authors contending for lawlesse liberty, or licentious toleration of sects and heresies. / By Samuel Rutherfurd professor of divinity in the University of St. Andrews., A soveraign antidote against sinful errors, the epidemical plague of these latter dayes. Extracted out of divine records, the dispensatory of Christianity: for the prevention and cure of our spiritual distempers. By Claudius Gilbert, B.D. and minister of the Gospel at Limrick in Ireland., and Mr. Anthony Wotton''s defence against Mr. George Walker''s charge, accusing him of Socinian heresie and blasphemie written by him in his life-time, and given in at an hearing by Mr. Walker procured ; and now published out of his own papers by Samuel Wotton his sonne ; together with a preface and postcript, briefly relating the occasion and issue thereof, by Thomas Gataker ....

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

new testament, false teachers, holy ghost, old testament, false prophets, must needs, christian magistrate, every man, false prophet, jesus christ, true church, early english, english books, gracious knowledge, erroneous conscience, true religion, let us, books online, true god, good conscience, second table, may bee, evill doers, libertines say, one god, every one, page images, bodily punishment, seducing teachers, every part, life eternall, reformed churches, saving grace, first table, text creation, creation partnership, christ will, holy spirit, gods word, give us, christian religion, early works, revealed will, ancient bonds, one another, wee may, every mans, sound doctrine, never heard, outward man

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are The tryall of trueth: or, a discovery of false prophets. Containing a plaine and short discovery of the chiefest points of the doctrine of the great Antichrist, and of his adherents the false teachers and hereticks of these last times. / By E.P. A free disputation against pretended liberty of conscience tending to resolve doubts moved by Mr. John Goodwin, John Baptist, Dr. Jer. Taylor, the Belgick Arminians, Socinians, and other authors contending for lawlesse liberty, or licentious toleration of sects and heresies. / By Samuel Rutherfurd professor of divinity in the University of St. Andrews., and A soveraign antidote against sinful errors, the epidemical plague of these latter dayes. Extracted out of divine records, the dispensatory of Christianity: for the prevention and cure of our spiritual distempers. By Claudius Gilbert, B.D. and minister of the Gospel at Limrick in Ireland..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

god, church, christ, lord, father, cor, tcp, spirit, scripture, religion, man, law, king, holy, gospel, gods, christians, christian, wotton, word, walker, vpon, truth, thomason, testament, synod, sword, substance, son, socinus, sect, saviour, saints, rulers, romish, rom, revel, providence, protestants, prophets, prince, power, popish, philosophers, person, paul, parliament, papists, ordinance, old

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be god, and The primitive practise for preserving truth. Or An historicall narration, shewing what course the primitive church anciently, and the best reformed churches since have taken to suppresse heresie and schisme. And occasionally also by way of opposition discovering the papall and prelaticall courses to destroy and roote out the same truth; and the judgements of God which have ensued upon persecuting princes and prelates. / By Sir Simonds D''Ewes. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

men, conscience, man, faith, word, truth, p., way, things, power, others, sword, death, religion, knowledge, sin, nature, heart, scripture, doctrine, reason, life, words, people, magistrate, time, nothing, teachers, law, thing, part, light, name, sense, self, doth, will, hath, rule, liberty, peace, day, text, place, answ, world, grace, hereticks, cause, end

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, are, was, have, were, say, had, did, being, do, make, made, according, said, know, beleeve, been, see, come, let, punish, s, give, take, called, put, doth, teach, punished, judge, 〈, prove, bee, given, hath, deny, having, suffer, doe, set, makes, follow, concerning, hold, done, bring, believe, written, kill

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

god, 〉, ◊, 〈, christ, c., church, lord, law, magistrate, spirit, gods, doe, ●, christs, testament, hath, rom, conscience, libertines, gospel, thou, mr., cor, de, christian, covenant, holy, king, grace, magistrates, paul, new, christians, tim, england, yea, heaven, john, l., father, act, matth, wee, m, ghost, son, word, bee, religion

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, his, they, he, their, them, we, him, our, i, us, you, your, himself, themselves, its, thy, my, her, me, thee, she, ours, mine, ye, theirs, elias, vp, yours, one, yee, whosoever, us''d, whereof, thou, there, s, l, itself, hee, hact, f, em, ee, ''s

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

such, false, other, many, same, good, true, more, own, first, new, great, much, old, contrary, saith, godly, divine, christian, most, second, free, spiritual, whole, best, infallible, common, innocent, very, former, sure, non, erroneous, wicked, lawfull, full, necessary, gracious, ill, like, least, ignorant, due, right, punishable, last, little, bloody, third, doth

not, so, then, more, now, as, onely, also, therefore, most, yet, still, well, up, thus, never, out, only, thereof, ever, much, here, first, very, there, away, far, even, all, rather, in, forth, no, indeed, too, off, that, especially, long, is, before, again, therein, thereby, once, often, else, otherwise, just, at

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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